THE INCREASE OF DRY MATTER AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAIZE HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON THE FERTILIZER
The article examined the increase in dry matter and productivity of maize hybrids depending on mineral fertilizers. The most dramatic increase in accumulation of dry matter in maize plants on version, which is made of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N120P120K40. The increase in dry matter per plant in the phase of emergence of panicles in this embodiment, in comparison with the not fertilized variant was higher by 61,4 g, and in the phase of wax ripeness at 173,9 g. the Productivity of photosynthesis is directly dependent on the accumulation of dry matter and the growth of the leaf surface. In all cases there is a gradual increase in the productivity of photosynthesis, and then in the phase of emergence of panicles photosynthetic activity of the leaves decreases somewhat with further increase in the milk stage. Mineral fertilizers have a significant effect on grain quality, protein, starch and fat in grain of corn hybrids increased depending on the level of mineral nutrition and defined varietal characteristics. For mid-season hybrid of corn RICK 301 MV collection from 1 ha on control (without fertilizers) were: protein – 499,3 kg, starch – 3316,1 kg, fat – 213,6 kg, and in the fertilized variants: protein 612,1–733,2 kg, 1,2–1,5 times higher, respectively 3823,0 starch – 4622,8 kg or 1,2–1,4 times higher, respectively 253,3 fat – 294,4 kg or 1,18–1,37 times above the control. Such a pattern is observed for middle-late hybrid of the Caucasus 412 and late SV hybrid SV 600 KOS. It should be noted that the largest collection of protein, starch and fat obtained from the more recent corn hybrids.