Psycholinguistic Security of the Student's Personality and its Provision in the Process of Studying at the University
The article deals with the problem of psycholinguistic security of the student's personality in the conditions of digital transformation of the Russian society. The analysis of the state policy in the field of protection of the Russian language and culture is made. An overview of approaches to the definition of linguistic security in linguistics, psychology, philosophy, and cultural studies is presented. Socio-cultural threats to the psycholinguistic security of the individual are summarized: linguistic (related to the transformation of elements of language and culture: westernization, criminalization, simplification and replacement with a visual series, the spread of obscene vocabulary and Internet slang), socio-cultural (devaluation or discrediting of spiritual values), psychological (lowering the threshold of psychological suggestibility and dependence, erosion of personal identity, psychological distress), socio-psychological (distortion of ethnic and civil identity, destructive collective behavior). The purpose of the study was to study psycholinguistic culture and social identity as predictors of psycholinguistic security of the individual. To evaluate psycholinguistic culture a specially developed questionnaire was used, including scales "The socio-cultural and political role of the Russian language", "Threats to the Russian language", "Features of the modern language Internet environment", "Spoken language used". To measure the strength of social (ethnic, civil, global, macrosocial) identity, the modified method "Scale of identification with humanity" was used (S. Mcfarland, in the Russian-language adaptation of T.A. Nestik). The study involved 186 students from Russian universities. The obtained data were processed using the SPSS 23 statistical software package (descriptive statistics, pearson correlation analysis, linear regression analysis). The data obtained suggest that Russian students share the opinion about the importance of the socio-cultural functions of the Russian language. Every second respondent is aware that threats to the Russian language are Internet slang, profanity, westernization, and criminalization. Assessing the features of the modern language Internet environment, half of the students noted that it uses a simple, primitive language, a large amount of information that makes it difficult to perceive, distorts the meaning and meaning of words; a third of the respondents noted that the Internet environment distorts the worldview of a person, promotes Western culture, promotes violence and aggression. About half of the students use Internet slang and foreign words borrowed from other languages in their everyday conversational vocabulary. The study showed that modern Russian students identify themselves equally with representatives of humanity, Russian citizens and representatives of the Russian ethnic group. The study confirmed the fact that psycholinguistic security of the person in terms of digital transformation of the Russian society is provided by ethnic and civil identification, as well as interrelated indicators of psycholinguistic culture: the recognition of threats to the Russian language and risk language of the Internet, as well as use in the spoken vocabulary of the language means providing social and cultural identity. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to implement educational programs in the education system aimed at developing students ' psychological resources, protection and competence of psycholinguistic security of the individual.