ANALYSIS OF GENETIC SELECTION FEATURES OF LONICERA CAERULEAE EDULIS IN THE ALTAI OB RIVER AREA
The self-incompatibility of most plants is expressed in the suppression of pollen germination on the pistil stigma of the same plant by autogamy or geitonogamy. There is no pure autogamy at L. Caeruleae, as the flower structure and the positions if androecy and gynaecy are not adapted for it. L. Caeruleae pistil (gynaeceum) is pulled out to the half-opened bud out of perianth; at the same time the stamens are located lower than the pistil, they are deep in the flower. The self-incompatibility directly influences on the productivity, as it is the base of genetic control of plants propagation. The one-variety planting of L. Caeruleae as well as the unfavourable weather conditions in the blooming and maturing periods, which hamper the cross-pollination with the insects help, lead to almost full sterility. So it is necessary to study the degree of self-sterility and forms selection with the introduction of the greatest self-fertility into the genotype and its further strengthening in the progeny with the help of selection methods. It was found that the pistil matures at once after the appearing from the bud, and the pollinators mature on the average 28 hours later. The lowest fruit-setting rate of L. Caeruleae was observed by the autogamic pollination (less than 3.4%). The highest fruit-setting rate (up to 98%) was by the free pollination. It is due to the fact that there was no pollen degeneration (98%) at the maternal form of L. Caeruleae by the free pollination. The active growth of pollen tubes was directed to the flesh before the entrance to embryo sac. The experiment studying the self-fruitage of L. Caeruleae showed that in spite of the low percent of autogamic and geitonogamic pollination, there is a tendency of the appearance of heterosis varieties of L. Caeruleae.