The Bearer of the Traditions of Musical Performing Art in Society (On the Example of Kazakh Kobyzists and Ukrainian Kobzars)
In this article, the author analyzes the role of the traditional carrier of musical and performing arts in society. He considers the creativity of kobzars and kobyzists to reveal the functions performed by them in the traditional society. It describes the historical features of kobzarstvo, their genres and traditions, with reference to the famous ethnographers F. Kolessa and T. Shevchenko. The author bases the general origin of instruments of ukrainian kobza and kazakh kobyz. The article gives a general description of the activities of kobyzists, with reference to the famous ethnographers A. H. Margulan and A. F. Eichhorn. Presented the examples of the blind kobzarey players in the history of the kazakh society (Nyshan, SHozhe). The author presents information from the primary source about the persecution of kobyzists in the difficult soviet period for national music and reveals the chain of succession of performing on kobyz from the classic of kobyz art, Yhylasa Dukenov. The author compares the general and special in the history of development of kobzars and kobyzists, shows the possibilities of supporting and reviving these folk music trends in modern society. It is proposed to introduce the status of the traditional “carrier” and its purpose in modern society, and the author's definition of the term is given.