SYNONYMIC SERIES "FERMA - KHUTOR - MYZA"AND "FARM - FARMSTEAD - GRANGE":AN ATTEMPT OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS(HISTORICAL AND LITERARY CONTEXT)1
The article analyzes the synonymous series «farm - farmstead - grange» and Russian equivalents (approaching them, but never completely coinciding): ferma, myza, khutor and some others. Having examined these English synonyms (especially the pair «farm» - «grange») in the literary context, in the works of a number of British prose writers and poets, we will try to trace how the meaning of these concepts changed over time, from Chaucer to the modernist era. We will analyze how their meaning changed over the years, acquiring some semantic shades and losing others and evoking certain stable associations in the reader; we will trace their relationship with the categories of British pre-romantic aesthetics formed in the middle of the 18th century that is still relevant for an educated Englishman. In addition, with each of these English terms, over time and with the development of the school of literary translation, some Russian equivalent / equivalents were assigned; the article attempts to trace the development of these images over several centuries, to identify possible subtle differences between them, and also to understand how valid this or that interpretation of each of them is and whether it entails a factual error that distorts or deceives the reader’s perception.