SOIL-INHABITING MICROFUNGI OF THE MONSOON DIPTEROCARP FOREST (THE NATURAL RESERVE DONG NAI, SOUTH VIETNAM)
This research is dedicated to the complexes of the soil micromycetes of the tropical dipterocarp forest. Samples of soil and leaf litter were selected on the territory of the forest Ma Da in the reserve Dong Nai (Dong Nai province, South Vietnam) in primary dipterocarp forest (the main tree species are Dipterocarpus dyeri, Irvingia malayana), which is not affected by logging. Soil is red-yellow ferrallitic on shales. Two adjacent areas with different microrelief were selected - flat part with the small increase, where the layer of litter is large, and the other one with small decrease. Identification of fungi was performed with analysis of morphological features and with molecular-genetic methods. As a result of research, 123 species of 45 genera of microscopic fungi were found. Basidiomycota was represented by only one species. Zygomycota was represented by 5 species of 5 genera. Most of identified fungi belong to Ascomycota - 117 species, accounting for 95 % of the identified species, and most of them are anamorphic. The leading order is Eurotiales, including 67 species of 6 genera (55 % of species richness). The next order of species richness is Hypocreales, which was represented by 23 species (19 %). Order Xylariales has 5 species from 4 genera (4 %). There were the following species - Aspergillus sydowii, A. phoenicis, Penicillium aculeatum, P. diversum, Pseudallescheria boydii, Trichoderma harzianum - that dominated in the soil of the flat part of the dipterocarp forest in 2011. There were sterile dark-colored fungi, Aspergillus aculeatus, A. phoenicis, Fusarium merismoides, Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma harzianum that dominated in the litter. And finally there were the other species - Gongronella butleri, Penicillium brevicompactum, P. daleae, P. rubrum, Purpureocillium lilacinum - that dominated in the soil of part with small decrease. There were Penicillium brevicompactum, Pestalotiopsis sp., Purpureocillium lilacinum, Trichoderma harzianum and sterile fungi from order Xylariales in the litter of the same type of forest. Species composition of micromycetes isolated from soil and litter of the dipterocarp forests in the forest reserve Dong Nai has special features that previously were identified for the lowland tropical forest.