Classification and localization analysis of hydrogen production projects
The analysis of hydrogen projects is based on the information presented in the open database of the International Energy Agency (IEA) which contains 1327 projects for the production of hydrogen and products based on it, implemented in more than 100 countries around the world. It is proposed to use two classification approaches to identify the current trends in the development of hydrogen projects. The first approach is based on the project classification according to their implementation period, and the second one uses the classification of project implementation stages proposed in the IEA database. The complex application of the described approaches makes it possible to carry out a systematic analysis of the data presented in the IEA database. Projects using electrolysis technologies for hydrogen production are considered separately from projects using alternative technologies. The geographical localization of projects was analyzed following the place of their implementation in one of the four regions of the world: Europe, Asia, America, and Oceania with Africa. The distribution of project capacities by country is presented for all regions. It has been established that the global capacity of electrolysis projects for hydrogen production has reached 310?MW, and, with the successful implementation of 350 promising projects currently being developed, their total capacity can reach 65 GW by 2030. In addition, about 80 concept projects with a total capacity of more than 230 GW are in the early stages of development. If all these promising projects are implemented, the total volume of hydrogen production, taking into account electrolysis projects, can reach more than 50 million tons by 2030, which will contribute to the achievement of global decarbonization goals. The results of the analysis allow us to conclude that currently, projects for hydrogen production and products based on it are rapidly developing in the world, mainly due to the ambitious hydrogen strategies of the countries of the European Union and the UK.