The concept of the new Soviet art in program documents and keynote addresses: the 1918-1930-ies
The article is devoted to the forms of the embodiment of a political put-up job in program documents and keynote speeches on the theme of art (1918-1930-ies). The documents of the period of the “cultural revolution” came out as a research material: decrees and resolutions of 1918-1932, Maxim Gorky's speech at the First All-Union Congress of Soviet Writers in 1934, and a series of publications directed against "formalism and naturalism" in painting (1936). The author concentrates on the concept of the new Soviet art in relation to plastic arts (painting, architecture, sculpture). This period logically splits into two parts: 1) 1918-1932 (disputes about the new art, the diversity of creative search, democracy and the invention of new forms) and 2) 1932-1939 (centralization and monopolization of cultural policy, state order in the field of culture, the victory of principles socialist realism). The author comes to the conclusion that in the late 1920s a clear request of the Communist Party for the formation of a single art policy is formed, and a transition is made from the relative freedom of post-revolutionary creative disputes and discussions to the enslavement of creative life and to the postulation of socialist realism as the only true artistic direction.