The study of a new potato variety Vychegodsky according to a set of economically valuable traits
In the conditions of the Komi Republic in 2017-2019 a comprehensive assessment of the new medium early table variety of potato Vychegodsky was carried out. Two zoned and one recommended for the I Northern region of the Russian Federation potato varieties were used as standard. They had different periods of ripening and various parameters of responsiveness to environmental conditions (linear regression coefficient of the yield of varieties bi). The varieties were Udacha (recommended) - early, poorly responsive (bi = 0.5), Nevsky (zoned) - medium early, with close to linear dependence (bi = 1.0) and the variety of local selection Zyryanets (zoned) - medium early, with the highest response coefficient (bi = 1.7). In 2017, the significant excess by 7.0 t/ha of the yield of tubers of the Vychegodsky variety over the Nevsky standard was determined. On average for three years of research the productivity of the new variety was 27.2 t/ha (1.7-2.0 t/ha higher than the controls). The yield of Vychegodsky variety was formed mainly during the last 20 days of vegetation, and the average weight of a tuber had increased by 134% during that period. On the whole, Vychegodsky variety formed 10-12 tubers weighing 40-60 g. The plasticity of the variety is moderate (bi = 1.2), which is optimal for a risk farming zone. The dry matter content is 24.1%, starch is 15.7%, and vitamin C is 11.2 mg%. Vychegodsky variety has demonstrated high resistance to major diseases affecting the tops and tubers during the summer vegetation period (late blight, altarnariosis, rhizoctoniosis, common scab). A molecular genetic expert study of DNA for the presence of 10 major resistance marker genes has been conducted. Genes responsible for the resistance of the Vychegodsky variety to potato cancer and golden potato nematode have been revealed.