Cytophysiological Features of Contrast Callus Types in vitro
As a result of different explants culture in vitro at the induction medium, calluses of contrast types (morphogenic and non-morphogenic, organogenic and non-organogenic, embryogenic and non-embryogenic, regenerative and non-regenerative) are formed. The article analyzes the literature and own cytophysiological data on the formation of such calluses from competent pluripotent initial cells/cell groups of explants; the issues of reprogramming, differentiation and dedifferentiation of initial cells are considered. The main attention is paid to the data on the comparative studies of cytophysiological (histological and hormonal) features of contrast callus types. The problems associated with the study of contrast callus types, for example, their transformation under certain culture in vitro conditions are analyzed. The importance of using contrast callus types as model systems for the study of the most complex biological phenomenon – plant morphogenesis is emphasized.