Features of functioning of the external respiration system of students of the preparatory medical group in the conditions of the Republic of Sakha
The article presents the revealed indicators of the system of the external respiration of the students, related by the state of health to the special medical group, studying at the Northeastern Federal University. It is determined that in the first year in the preparatory group for physical education there are students conditionally assigned to 6 subgroups: pathology of the musculoskeletal system (18%), diseases of the organs of vision (23%), diseases of the respiratory system (15%), diseases of the cardiovascular system (8%), disorders of the nervous system (29%), other diseases (7%). As a result of the students performing four breath tests with the use of the spirometry there have been determined the respiratory rate, respiratory volume, minute breathing volume (absolute values), vital capacity of the lungs during inhalation and exhalation, reserve volume of inhalation and exhalation, maximum lung ventilation, forced vitality, forced output for 1 s (absolute and relative values). It was found that on average in the group some of the obtained indicators of the system of external respiration, expressed in percent relative to the calculated due value, are in the range from 79,69% to 96,06% (VCL inhale - 88,14%, VCL exhalation - 87,83%, RV inhale - 80,77%, RV exhalation - 81,09%, FVCL - 85,40%, VFE1 - 82,14%, MVL - 96,06%). The obtained data indicate moderate deviations in the functioning of the external breathing system, which should be taken into account when constructing physical education classes with the students of the preparatory medical group.