EAST TRANSBAIKAL ASTROBLEME
In comparison with the largest astroblem on the planet Vredeford (50 km2) the East Transbaikal astroblem (90 km2) is presented. The study of astroblems continues for respectively 135 and 345 years. The relevance of the research is the feasibility of the development of the original scientific problem - the trigger factor of endogenous mineralization of a large mining region of Russia. The object of the study is the Earth’s crust of South-Eastern Transbaikalia to a depth of 15-20 km, the ring-block structure of which directly indicates the formation of impaction structure, and the subject - the features of the deep structure of ore-bearing structure. The aim of the study is genetic types of mineralization, and the main task to be solved is the regularities of spatial location of ore objects of different ranks. Both impact Proterozoic structures are comparable in size, represented by unique uranium-gold hydrothermal-metasomatic deposits of the Vitvatersrand Province and numerous multi-metal deposits of 45 ore formations of South-Eastern Transbaikalia - derivatives of respectively impact-hydrothermal (Vitvatersrand) and impact-magmatic, impact-hydrothermal, impact-metamorphic genetic types. Significant differences of ore provinces are due to the peculiarities of the geological structure of the regions and manifestation in Transbaikalia of the processes of Mesozoic oceanization of the Earth’s crust, with which the main ore mineralization is associated. The system of 9 fluid-permeable zones developed on the basis of impact fractures is ore-bearing in the Transbaikal astroblem. Abnormally high depth and permeability for ore-bearing solutions are areas of intersection, junction zones. They contain localized mineralization in the rank of ore districts (structures of the fourth order), ore knots (structures of the fifth order), ore fields and deposits (structures of the sixth and seventh orders, respectively)