Assessment of the environmental sustainability of agricultural landscapes in the city of Maikop and the Maikop district of the Republic of Adygea
The main goal of the research is to develop a system of agro-ecological land zoning to improve the adaptive landscape system of land management and land use, based on the analysis of long-term data in agricultural production for farms of various forms of ownership in the city of Maikop and the Maikop region, and the project of basic elements of the ALSLM of the Republic of Adygea. To achieve this goal, materials have been collected on the structure of sown areas of farms, gross harvests of crop products, the livestock industry, the use of chemicals, land management and nature management. The article analyzes the geomorphological features, agro-climatic, hydrological resources and parameters, soil-forming and underlying rocks, soil cover and vegetation of the landscapes of the foothill zone of the Republic of Adygea. A comparative assessment of the quality of lands in farms has been carried out, soil bonitet scores calculated for fertility and favorable factors in the system of environmental monitoring. Technological properties of agricultural lands have been assessed. Five nature management territorial complexes (NMTCs) have been identified and maps of the main landscapes have been compiled. The degree of their correspondence to agricultural activities has been revealed on the basis of the analysis of the agro-ecological potential of landscapes. The factors limiting their placement in specific areas of the foothill zone of the Republic and the reasons that reduce their productivity and product quality have been established. In general, according to the principle of economic feasibility, the considered territories of the city of Maikop and the Maikop district of the Republic of Adygea, which are included in the zone of intensive agriculture, are quite suitable for growing both grain crops and for the development of vegetable growing, horticulture (traditional and intensive), viticulture.