ANALYSIS OF RESEARCHES OF GAS HYDRATES ON BAIKAL LAKE AND PROPOSALS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYDRO-HYDROCHEMICAL COMPLEXES OF A NEW GENERATION
This paper is devoted to research and proposals for the creation of deep water hydrological and hydrochemical complexes, based on the analysis of research of gas hydrate deposits in Lake Baikal. Methods for conducting deep-sea experiments and the results obtained were investigated. Lift from the bottom of Lake Baikal to the surface was carried out using a deep-sea apparatus of individual samples of methane hydrate and samples of hydration foam placed in a special container. Hydrate samples were taken from bottom deposits, and lifting was carried out in containers in which the bottom was absent and the upper part and walls impenetrable (while the foam was formed by bubbles emerging from methane samples, which, in turn, accumulated in the upper part of the container). Based on the conducted experiments, it was identified the need to create hydrologic and hydrochemical complexes of a new generation, involving the use of high-resolution methods of continuous hydrophysical and acoustic sensing (profiling) of the water column and modern methods of hydrologic-geochemical analysis of the substance of the bottom layer, which will make it possible to conduct studies on the prediction of oil and gas potential and other predictions minerals offshore. New technical tools focused on the search and research of gas hydrate deposits can be used for a variety of environmental studies relating for example to the burial radioactive waste and its environmental impact. The practical significance of the proposed development is related to the needs of oil exploration and the needs of the oil and gas complex. In this direction, the main task is to conduct research on new unconventional forms of hydrocarbon-containing raw materials - gas hydrates. Their reserves in the sediments of the oceans may exceed all traditional sources of oil and gas potential on land. The complex of technical and methodical means offered for development, using modern microcomputer methods for processing and presenting the obtained data directly in the measurement process, with the possibility of correcting the program of conducted research in real time, lays the foundation for the development of innovative methods of exploration and production of underwater gas hydrates.