POLYMORPHISMS OF GENES IN HYPERTENSION: RENIN - ANGIOTENSIN - ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM. REVIEW
Introduction: The study of polymorphisms of genes responsible for the development of arterial hypertension is a promising direction of medicine. Hypertension is a multifactorial disease that depends on lifestyle, environment and nutrition, as well as polymorphisms of genes. Polymorphisms of the genes of the renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The aim: A review of the literature on the molecular genetic basis of the development of hypertension. Materials and methods: Literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/), Scopus (https://www.scopus.com/), Ebscohost (https://search.ebscohost.com/), Medline (https://www.nlm.nih.gov/), The Сocrane Library (http://www.cochranelibrary.com/), SpringerLink (https://link.springer.com/), Web of Knowledge (Thomson Reuters) (https://login.webofknowledge.com), Paragraph Medicine (https://prg.kz/medicine_info), ScienceDirect (https://www.sciencedirect.com/). The depth of the search was 15 years: from 2002 to 2017. The inclusion criteria were: reports on randomized and cohort studies conducted on large populations; Meta-analyzes and systematic reviews; Articles in English, Russian and Kazakh. Criteria for exclusion were: articles describing single cases and a series of cases; Articles published earlier in 2002; Materials that do not have an evidence base, summaries of reports, abstracts and newspaper articles. Out of 90 literary sources, 55 were selected as analytical material for this article. Results: A review of the sources showed that studies of recent years that are devoted to the study of polymorphisms of genes in arterial hypertension give different results in different populations. Conclusions: Evaluation of the role of polymorphic variants of genes on the risk of developing arterial hypertension in different populations is topical and requires further study.