EVALUATION OF ENERGY-ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF VEHICLES WITH DIFFERENT ENGINE’S TYPE
This article examines the impact of vehicle and the road transport complex on the environment. In addition to the positive impact on society, the car leaves a large footprint in the ecosystem of our planet, making a significant contribution to the formation of the environmental crisis. The main global environmental problems associated with road transport activities are identified: climate change (greenhouse effect), the negative impact of chemically active emissions on living creatures, and the harm of the ozone layer. The components of the combustion products of hydrocarbon fuels in car engines that are persistent organic compounds capable of bioconcentration and bioaccumulation are indicated. The catalog and environmental characteristics of coolants and greenhouse gases that are used in the transport sector are defined. Their main parameters determine the ozone-depleting potential (the possible degree of destruction of the ozone layer) and the global warming potential, which determines the total impact of greenhouse gases on climate change. To assess the energy-ecological efficiency of vehicles with two budding types of engines, a comparison was made of specific greenhouse gas emissions, including indirect emissions of electric vehicles from generating electricity from power plants that burn hydrocarbons. The main advantages and disadvantages of an electric vehicle and a motor vehicle with gas cylinder equipment are also considered.