SELECTION OF A WORKING DRIVING CYCLE FOR MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE MOVEMENT OF TRUCKS AND BUSES ON TRACTION BATTERIES WITH A MECHATRONIC TRANSMISSION
Application of electric energy to drive the driving elements of wheeled vehicles is becoming increasingly popular, which inevitably leads to the replacement of cars with internal combustion engines and traditional transmission schemes. The use of an electric traction drive as part of vehicles with traction batteries (TAB) solves a number of problems that manufacturers of this type of equipment face today: reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere, reducing noise, recycling used lubricants, and increasing energy efficiency. From the point of view of scientific research, this type of wheeled vehicles is also of high interest in view of the large number of problems and tasks that have formed at the moment. It is known that one of the main problematic issues for vehicles on traction batteries is a rather limited range. In cargo electric vehicles and buses, to reduce the size and increase the usable volume of the passenger compartment or cargo space, as well as to unify the products of the power unit and drive, transmissions are used, which are a combination of mechanical and electrical components with appropriate control systems. The mechanical component includes a gearbox with one or more gear ratios, an interwheel differential, axle shafts, bearings and other components. The electrical component is a traction motor located directly in the drive axle or on the outside of the crankcase, as well as a voltage converter with a control system and the necessary switching elements. Similar implementations of the driving axles of vehicles with traction batteries are called mechatronic transmissions.