APPLICATION OF NEW VARIETIES AS A KEY ELEMENT OF IMPROVING THE TECHNOLOGY OF WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION IN THE PERM REGION
Winter wheat occupies only 1% in sown areas structure of grain and leguminous crops in Perm Region. The area occupied by this crop reducing: 2015-3300 ha, 2016-2891 ha, 2015-1367 ha, 2018-1929 ha, 2019-1309 ha, 2020-2582 ha. The agroecological assessment of 9 winter wheat varieties was fulfilled in Perm Agricultural Research Institute - division of Perm Federal Research Center UB RAS in 2017-2019. The most promising varieties with maximum use of bioclimatic potential of given region were revealed. Their applying will allow to increase essentially the sowing areas of this crop up to 9-10 thousand hectares by 2024. The average wintering degree for the studied varieties was 3.2-3.4. The greatest harvest over the three years was formed by following varieties: Scipetr - (2.96 t/ha-1) Bashkirskaya-10 (2.80 t/ha-1), Darina (2.81 t/ha-1), Moskovskaya 39 (2.80 t/ha-1). It was established that the best varieties in terms of ecological stability are Scipetr, Moskovskaya 39 and Bashkirskaya 10. Variety Scipetr was the best for general adaptive capacity (GACi=0.26), it showed the maximum indicator of the selection value of the genotype (SVGi =1.66). The variety Scipetr is recommended for growing in the soil and climatic conditions of the Perm Region, providing grain yield up to 4.7 t/ha-1.