THE FEATURES OF THE MENTAL FUNCTIONING OF INFANTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE DURING THE PERIOD OF SURGICAL TREATMENT
Associated with threat to life, separation from mother, the pain, the situation of surgical treatment of congenital heart disease may cause psychological distress of the baby. While psychological problems of the babies with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical treatment in the hospital is poorly studied, which makes it relevant to study this problem. The aim of our study was to study the level of mental development of infants with congenital heart disease and the role of the emotional state of the mother in the mental functioning of infants with congenital heart disease during the period of surgical treatment. 233 child with a congenital heart defect in the first year of life on the stage of surgical treatment were involved in our study, the average age of the children - 6.61±2.22 months (minimum 3 months, maximum 9 months), of which 24.1 per cent girls. To study the emotional state of mothers we used the following methods: Scale of self-esteem level of reactive and personal anxiety; Depression Scale the Center for epidemiological studies.To assess the level of mental development of children first year of life with CHD we used the method of “Diagnostics of mental development” for children in the first year of life, Pechora K. L.; “determination of mental development of children from birth to 3 years”, developed by Smirnova E. A., Galiguzova L. N., Ermolova T. V., Meshcheriakova S. Yu. We have shown that 23.1% of children in the first year of life with congenital heart disease had a delay in development of 1 epicrisis period; 19.3% of children had developmental delays at2 epicritic period; 23.8% of children had developmental delays at 3 epicritic period. High levels of maternal depression have a negative effect on the development of such parameters as initiative of the child in communication, representation of comunication complex and involvement of the child in communication, interest (initiative) to the game, emotional involvement in the game, the representation of cognitive operations (visual, oral, manual). Our findings confirm the relevance of the introduction of a stage of psychological rehabilitation of children with congenital heart disease in the overall treatment and rehabilitation process.