Phenomenology of religious life in early works of M. Heidegger
The article contains the analysis of the “life world” of early Christians in works of M. Heidegger. Religious experience is described as the basis for the investigation of factual life. In order to expose the essence of factual life, the interconnection of the notions “Life” and “World” is analyzed, with the accent on the problem of “Private world”. The article presents hermeneutical reading of Pauline letters, the phenomenological description of his life “situation”, his attitude to the experience of conversion into Christianity, and to the early Christian's community, to which he proclaims. The article describes the notion of Parousia; the temporal aspects of early Christian's life experience are exposed in the eschatological perspective of Pauline's letters. The difference between chronological (objective) and kairological (individual) comprehension of time is shown. The time of early Christians is understood kairologically, namely, in its connection to substantial fulfillment. The author argues that factual life could only be defined by the manner of time experience; and that “individual” time is the basis for objective time. The conclusion is made that the understanding of specifics of Christian way of life clarifies the essence of factual life itself, which in turn could become the genuine basis for phenomenology.