Biotechnological optimization of ampelocenosis phitosanitary condition
Aim . To substantiate the possibility of using Vitaplan biopreparations ( Bacillus subtilis strain) and Sternifag ( Trichoderma harzianum strain) in vineyards in the post-harvest period in order to increase the efficiency of control of economically significant diseases. Methods Biological efficacy of agrotechnique was determined by reducing the distribution and development of oidium as a percentage relative to the control; it was calculated using the Abbott formula. Ecological efficiency was determined by structural changes of micromycete complexes in the soil, on plant residues and bark of grape bushes. In microbiological studies methods of planting on solid nutrient medium were used. Results . Vitaplan application (100 g / t) for plants and Sternifag application (80 -100 g / t) for soil in post-harvest treatments are observed to have had a positive effect on the mycopathic system of the land-based part of grapes: it reduces the intensity of oidium development by 0.4-1.2% ; shortens the period of phytopathogenesis by at least 14 days; increases the effectiveness of seasonal control of Oidium by 0.8-17.1%; contributes to the formation of a more balanced microbiocenosis; reduces the soil stock of infection of fusarium fungi - pathogens of grape plants by 4-12 times compared with the control variant without treatments and 2.5-8 times compared with the standard variant of post-harvest treatment with 5% iron vitriol. Conclusion. In general, the use of this biotechnological agrotechnique in the system of protecting grapes from diseases should be considered expedient, contributing to an increase in the phytosanitary stability of ampelocenoses.