Institutional models of regional authorities: methodological approaches to the study of the distribution of powers
The subject of the article is the methodology of studying the interaction of regional authorities. The purpose of the article is to analyze the methodological approach to the study of the constitutional design of the distribution of powers between the actors of the political process - Executive and Legislative authorities - existing in modern political science. The approach provides the analysis of normative legal acts of regions in which powers of heads of territories and regional assemblies are registered. It involves the study of formal rules of separation of powers, outside the research field remains informal distribution of powers. The article by means of comparative analysis showed that the existing methodology Western scientists (USA, France) used mainly in the study of models of distribution of powers between the Federal authorities, and the Russian between the regional. Research experience shows that the distribution of powers in the direction of strengthening the presidential power does not contribute to the establishment of a democratic regime, and strengthens the trend of authoritarianism. The main conclusion of the article is that the study of models of power distribution is the first step to determine the political regime and identify indicators of the success of democratic processes, both at the level of national States and at the level of subjects of the Federation.