CHANGES IN THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF FLAX VNIIMK 620 SEEDS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ABIOTIC CONDITIONS
We studied the elemental composition of flaxseed seeds of VNIIMK 620 depending on abiotic conditions when grown in field experiments in 2012, 2013 and 2014 on soddy-podzolic medium loamy soil of the experimental field of Uchkhoz July IzhGSKHA JSC. For analysis, an average seed sample was taken from control variants of the experiment on studying the sowing period. The control was taken at the earliest sowing date. The content of 70 chemical elements in oilseed flax seeds and in the soil was determined by the inductively coupled plasma (MS) mass spectral method and inductively coupled plasma (AES) atomic emission method. Under abiotic conditions of 2012, when during the period of formation, filling and maturation of seeds, increased moisture was observed in combination with the average daily air temperature at the level of long-term average data, oil flax formed seeds with a high content of mercury, selenium, chromium, arsenic, vanadium and scandium with respect to similar indicators in the seeds of the crop of 2013 and 2014. In the 2013 harvest, with a combination of elevated air temperature and insufficient moisture, the seeds had a high concentration of zinc, copper, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, strontium, manganese, rubidium, cesium; beryllium, calcium, phosphorus, boron; aluminum, gallium, yttrium, zirconium, regarding the content of these elements in the seeds of the 2012 harvest. To abiotic conditions of 2014, corresponding to long-term average values, the oilseed flax VNIIMK 620 reacted by increasing the content of cadmium, selenium, arsenic, cobalt, chromium, tin in the seeds, compared with the concentration of these chemical elements in the seeds of the 2013 harvest. It was revealed that in the experimental flaxseed seeds of VNIIMK 620, the content of all heavy metals except cadmium did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration levels, regulated SanPin 2.3.2.1078-01. The concentration of cadmium in flaxseed oilseeds in 2012 was at the MPC level, in 2013 it exceeded the MPC of cadmium by 0.06 mg / kg, in 2014 - by 3.2 times, according to SanPiN.