SCHEMATIC SOLUTIONS FOR SHIP UNIFIED ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS BASED ON VALVE GENERATORS AND STATIC ELECTRIC POWER SOURCES
The generator sets based on electric machines that are usually used as the main power sources on sea-going ships, operating at a constant rotation speed: diesel generators, gas turbine generators, steam turbine generators, are discussed in the paper. It is noted that in the past ten years there has been a need to develop and create new highly efficient sources of electricity that can be used on ships as part of unified electric power systems. These sources include static electric power sources of a new generation: accumulator batteries on a new element base; supercapacitors; fuel cells; solar batteries. It is emphasized that the introduction of new types of power sources leads to necessity to switch to new principles of building unified ship power systems. For this, it is necessary to develop standard circuit solutions taking into account the peculiarities of physical processes in static sources and the requirements for coordinating the parameters of electric power with the ship network. There is a need to formulate and introduce the relevant terms and definitions into the ship regulatory and technical documents. The structural and functional diagrams of the ship power sources types: traditional generator sets, valve generator sets, valve static electric power sources, are shown in the paper. Their principles of operation, features of physical processes, advantages and disadvantages are considered. General typical schematic solutions for unified electric power systems based on valve static electric power sources and valve generator sets are shown. Valve static sources can be used in unified electric power systems with AC and DC distribution both as the main and as a backup power source. It is concluded that the greatest technical and operational effects from the use of valve static sources can be achieved in unified electric power systems with DC power distribution. New terms and definitions have been proposed for inclusion in ship regulatory and technical documents.