Comparative characteristics of medium-maturing varieties of fiber-flax of Smolensk selection
The purpose of the research was to assess the average-ripe varieties of fiber-flax Smolensk selection on the com- plex of economic and useful features. The research was carried out on sod-podzolic, medium-loamy, medium-cultivated soil in the experimental fields of the Smolensk Institute of agriculture (ex. Smolensk state farm). The object of the study are 3 medium-ripe varieties of fiber-flax selection of Smolensk ISH: S-108 (on average for 2007-2009), Smolich (on average for 2011-2013) and Impul’s (on average for 2016-2018). Tab experiments, observations and records were performed according to generally accepted methods. The system of agriculture is typical for the Smolensk region. Results and practical significance. The article presents a comparative characteristic of the studied varieties of fiber-flax. It was established that all varieties belonged to the group of medium-ripened with a vegetation period of 80 days. Varieties S-108 and Impulse (80 cm) were the tallest along the length of the stem. Smolich lagged behind in growth from the above varieties on 5 sm. All varieties had a high resistance to lodging and optimal density of standing plants before harvesting. The highest yield of flax seeds and flax straw was noted in the variety S-108 (7.5 and 53.5 c/ha, respectively). The yield of all fiber varieties S-108 and Impul’s were at the same level (14.9 and 14.8 c/ha, respectively). The variety S-108 (29.0 % and 22.3 % respectively) was also distinguished by the content of all fiber in the stems and the yield of long fiber. According to the qualitative characteristics, the most durable fiber was in the Smolich variety (33.4 kg/s). The flexibility of all the studied varieties was approximately at the same level. Scientific novelty. Improvement of already existing varieties of fiber-flax with ecological plasticity.