Restoration and alloying of working bodies of earth-moving machinery
During the operation of road-building and earth-moving machinery, their working bodies are subjected to the greatest wear, in particular: crowns of rippers, blades of dumps, teeth of excavator buckets. The limiting state of parts is characterized by a 25-35 % loss of mass of worn elements of working bodies that have direct contact with the ground. Rejected during repair parts are sent for recycling or restoration. The service life of some of the most loaded parts when working with heavy soils is several hours. The need for crowns for earthmoving equipment from enterprises involved in road construction and quarrying in the Far East region is measured in tens of thousands of pieces per year. Replenishment of stocks of wear parts makes it necessary to implement complex logistics schemes due to the remoteness of facilities from the centers of production of parts, and is always accompanied by significant costs. Therefore, the problem of restoring and strengthening worn crowns of rippers and teeth of excavator buckets is very relevant. Various industrial and scientific organizations have been solving this problem for a long time, and quite good results in this direction were obtained after a number of developments at the E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute in the direction of the method of electroslag facing (ESF). Based on this method, various technological processes for the restoration of massive parts were created. The use of ESF allows not only to restore parts with significant wear, but also to obtain the corresponding design requirements or improved functional properties. These, when restoring the working bodies of construction and road vehicles, will increase their durability. The paper considers the possibility of restoring worn crowns of working bodies of earth-moving vehicles by the ESF method, using ore concentrates mined in the Far East as alloying additives.