EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS FROM THE CHALCONES GROUP AGAINST DISEASES OF SPRING GRAIN CROPS IN PREDURALIE
The paper describes the results of studying the methods of protecting spring cereals (wheat and barley) from the most harmful diseases - fungus etiology in the Middle Preduralie based on the three-year (2017-2019) studies conducted at the FGBOU HE Perm State Agro-Technological University by scientists of two departments - General Chemistry and General Agriculture and Plant Protection. The aim of the work was to develop methods of protection against common root rot and helminthosporiasis of spring grain wheat and barley using growth regulators permitted in the Russian Federation and new preparations from the chalcone group as an alternative to the use of more toxic systemic fungicides and, as a result, reducing the environmental load in agrophytocenosis. The results of the studies showed that the tested chalcones MBAF, R and BBAF, R were not inferior in effectiveness to the permitted ones (Zircon, R and Epin-Extra, R) and even surpassed in some indicators, such as increased resistance to diseases (prevalence and development). Field germination of both wheat and barley was higher when treated with chalcones - 78.2% and 77.3%, respectively. The development of common root rot on spring wheat below the level of EPV ensured dressing with Zircon, R, chalcones MBAF, R and BBAF, R, respectively, 9.9%, 9.6% and 9.4% during the tillering period. On spring barley, the variant with the use of chalcone MBAF, R was the most effective: the development of striped spotting during the heading period was minimal - 1.33%. During the period of the pasty state, all preparations significantly reduced the development of striped spotting on spring barley, on wheat - only chalcones, using presowing treatment. The biological effectiveness of the use of preparations by the dressing method was higher in all in relation to the spraying method. On both grain crops, the chalcone BBAF, R (76.4% and 76.0%), applied by the dressing method, provided the highest biological effectiveness. Both chalcones, applied by the dressing method, provided a significant increase in the yield of spring grain crops in all the years of the study.