MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF UNLOADING SOIL FROM SCRAPER BUCKET
Modern engineering aimed at creation energy efficient machines to perform vari- ous operations. The main areas of development are: reduction of energy consumption for extraction of soil; increase productivity; increase durability and reliability; expanding technological capabilities and so on. Traditional methods of calculating the forces acting at unloading scraper bucket, make it impossible to fully describe the process, but only allows to calculate the maximum effort requiring in unloading. Therefore, the efforts occurring during process of un- loading are unknown. Analysis publications. Analyzing the constructional features of improving of scraper bucket should be noted a tendency aimed at increasing the efficiency of filling the bucket. It is not the problem of unloading soil with a scraper bucket, requiring additional energy also. Increasing the efficiency of the process of unloading can be achieved by improving the shape elements bucket construction. The purpose of the article. To create a new theoretical method of calculation taking into consideration the amount of residual soil in buckets throughout the period of unload- ing. Problems. To develop a mathematical model of unloading scraper. To conduct a theoretical analysis of the process of scraper for the purpose of determining the current analytical support. Develop an algorithm for calculating the defini- tion of resistance discharge. Conclusions: 1. For concerned scraper bucket the mathematical model of the process of unloading are developed, taking into consideration friction force of the soil in the bottoms of the bucket; friction force of soil on the side walls of the bucket; rolling resistance force of the rollers suspension trailing wall; inertia translational motion of the mass of the soil and the trailing wall in turning the unloading mechanism of soil scraper bucket; the length of the bottom; the height of the bucket; dialed density of the soil; angle of crumbling soil and allow us to calculate the mass dependence of the soil on the position relative to the length of the trailing wall of the bottom scraper and the ef- forts requiring for its unloading 2. Theoretical calculation allows to determine: the resistance of unloading of scraper bucket with a semicircular head; change in the mass of soil in buckets on the position relative to the length of the trail- ing wall of the bottom scraper for soil density 1600-1800 kg/m3; 3. Developed algorithm for studied scraper bucket allows you to calculate the resistance of the unloading.