CURRENT STATE OF MYOSTATIN AND INSULIN GENES DNA-POLYMORPHISM STUDY (REVIEW)
The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of chickens myostatin and insulin genes DNA polymorphism study, as a perspective genes-candidates in marker-associated selection (MAS) in order to improve the poultry productive qualities, first of all, meat productivity. The genetic databases analysis was showed a high level of both genes polymorphism. Now, 193 polymorphisms in chickens myostatin gene and 336 - in the insulin gene are founded. Part of the SNP within both loci characterizes by associations with different features of chicken meat productivity. c.234G>A, rs313744840, G2283A, G2100A, G2109A, G2244C mutations in myostatin locus associated to live body weight of chicken in different ages. For G2100A and G2109A polymorphisms genotype influence to some slaughter qualities of chicken carcass - abdominal fat or breast weight also was showed. Several studies also show the influence of some haplotypes of MSTN locus mutations to poultry productive qualities. Within the insulin locus, the most promising for research are mutations C + 1549T, T + 3737C and A + 3971G, which are associated with a live mass of chickens, and with a number of other features of productivity. Generally, profound and systematic data about genetic structure features be already known polymorphisms of MSTN and INS genes are absent at this moment, its influence on the productive qualities within most chicken breeds, both widespread and native. Thus, it is necessary the further investigation and genetic resources evaluation of different chickens breeds by myostatin and insulin genes polymorphism for fundamental and practical tasks of poultry genetics solving.