RELATIONSHIP OF YIELD OF VARIETIES OF COMPETITIVE VARIETY TESTING OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT WITH ELEMENTS OF ITS STRUCTURE IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
The research was carried out in order to find the optimal combination of elements of the crop structure, based on the parameters of released and promising varieties of spring soft wheat of the competitive variety testing of Samara Research Institute of Agriculture. The work was carried out in 2016-2018 in Samara region. The object of research in 2016 were 8 varieties, in 2017 - 16 varieties, in 2018 - 13 varieties of spring soft wheat of competitive variety testing of Samara Research Institute of Agriculture. The area of the plot is 20 m2, the repetition is four times, the placement of the plots is randomized. The variety Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda served as the standard. In the studied set of genotypes, productivity was most often included in one component with adaptability traits and morphological traits with a positive relationship. In 2017, it was in one component (the absolute value of the load of the trait in the component +0.547) with the mass of the ear (+0.988), the mass of grain per ear (+0.766), and the mass of the shoot (+0.932). In 2016, the yield (+0.534) was in one component and was positively related to the number of grains per ear (+0.861) and the weight of grain per ear (+0.880). In 2018, being in one component, the yield (-0.664) positively correlated with the length of the upper internode (-0.592). The presented combinations can be considered as one of the optimal options for the formation of the structure of spring soft wheat in the Middle Volga region to its full ripeness. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the features that ensure the redistribution of biomass between the vegetative part and the grain, as a reserve for increasing productivity and further optimizing the elements of the yield structure of spring soft wheat.