Varietal composition and varietal qualities of spring cereal seeds and their dynamics in crop production of Adamovsky district, Orenburg region
An analytical study of the varietal composition, varietal qualities of seeds of soft and durum spring wheat and barley and their dynamics for the period 2017-2021 was carried out in the crop[2] production of Adamovsky district of Orenburg region, an assessment of the state of variety change and variety renewal was made in the seed production of these crops. The richness of varietal resources of spring wheat and barley was found to be excessively large for the region, and optimization of their varietal composition was proposed by carrying out a variety change - replacement of varieties not approved for use, as well as obsolete low-yielding and low-value varieties in terms of product quality, with young, more productive and with high product quality varieties. The basis of the seed fund of spring wheat and barley was seeds from the first to the third reproduction in the region, however, many seeds of mass reproduction were sown, which indicates the need to intensify the process of variety renewal in the seed production of these crops. There is a tendency to a certain deterioration in selection and seed production in the dynamics of the varietal composition and varietal qualities of seeds of spring grain crops in the region.