Quantifier Words шn Natural Language Logic
The article reveals the words in natural language that actually serve as quantifier words and at the same time the as means of logical inference, and, therefore, should be studied by logic. The author shows that the basic elementary quantifiers of the individual existential assertion "exists" and "does not exist" are equivalents to the entire set of logical terms that connect the descriptive terms of the relevant private affirmative and private negative judgments and not only to the words "some" and "none". The article draws attention to the fact that the logical content of the logical form of a more meaningful attributive judgment can be represented by an equivalent conjunction of logical forms of simple existential judgments, by an equivalent existential linear-tabular diagram, and by an equivalent formula of the predicate logic with only the existence quantifier or / and its negation. Thus, the author reveals such quantifier words, important for the derivation: "not everything", "only", "not only", "everything... except" "at not all cases", "not always", "not everywhere "," Universally recognized "and many others, and he points out that the forms of attributive judgments with different quantifier are most full in five diagrams of the dictionaries of judgments about properties of objects, cases, times, places and points of view. Each such dictionary contains 148 existential linear-tabular diagrams, which are sufficient for the interpretation of simple attributive judgments. The author emphasizes the following. The fact that the values of the quantifier words indicated in the dictionary of the forms of judgments about objects as corresponding to the natural language should be confirmed and, in fact, for the basic forms of judgments are confirmed by a socioliguistic study that includes a questionnaire.