KURDISH-PASHTUN PARALLELS AS A REFLECTION OF THE LIMITROFIC NATURE OF THE KURDISH AND PASHTUN WORLDS
Kurdistan and Pashtunistan are deeply divided societies consisting of many clans and tribes, which, perceiving themselves as a single ethnic group, constantly and fiercely compete with each other, often so that civil strife arises, but they always find a common language when it is necessary to repel an external invasion. This quality is key and integral for these societies, because despite the change of external circumstances, they retain their internal fragmentation, which has turned into one of their civilizational qualities. There have been many attempts to answer this question about the reasons for the appearance and special stability of these characteristic features, but they remained unsatisfactory. The author sees the reason for the emergence of such a geoculture initially, and then a civilization in the mountainous landscape and in the transit nature of the regions of centuries-old residence of these peoples. On the one hand, they use control over transit territories as a means of obtaining material resources, and, on the other, these regions form buffer spaces, limitrophs, between strong states (empires), which at the moment of their rise seek to subjugate this limitrophic space to the detriment of their opponent, but, ultimately, from For reasons of their own security, they are interested in ensuring that these societies are preserved and continue to exist in a state of deep internal division, since only in this state do they perform their buffer function.