MULTIRECYCLED BIOLOGICS FOR PLANT PROTECTION AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR USE IN ORGANIC FARMING
Biological plant protection is a key element in ensuring stable organic production, where pesticides and mineral fertilizers are not applicable. Multirecycled biologics combine the functions of biopesticides, bio-fertilizers and biostimulants. Their basis is polyfunctional microorganisms' strains grown on the product of industrial and agricultural wastes' biorecycling with edible macromycetes. The goal of the research is to characterize the possibilities of using multirecycled biologics in organic farming. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were completed: the laboratory samples of polyfunctional multirecycled biologics based on the Bacillus subtilis B-10 and Trichoderma asperellum T-36 strains were obtained by the multibiorecycling of the industrial-scale shiitake cultivation waste; the biological activity of obtained biologics was estimated on cucumber seedlings and their efficacy was assessed in organic tomato production outdoors. The standard methods were applied in the research: submerged and solid state fermentation; artificial infectious background making; production and quality control of biologics; recording of biometric indicators, extension and development of plant diseases and mortality; statistical processing of results. It was shown that the spent shiitake substrate provided the enhanced development of B. subtilis B-10 and T. asperellum T-36 with the titers of 360 and 10 billion CFU/g, respectively. Strains' biological activity provided a significant, 1.2-1.4-fold increase in the values of biometric indicators for cucumber seedlings growth and their mortality 1.2-1.4-fold decrease on the natural infectious background and 2.1-4.3-fold decrease on the artificial one. The laboratory samples' efficiency in the tomato plants organic cultivation with a pronounced “dose-effect” was 22-56 %, with a reliable dose-dependent 1.2-1.6-fold increase in the biometric indicators' values for tomato plants growth. Thus, shiitake production wastes, being organic bio-fertilizers, can be a substrate for the biologics' strain-producers cultivation, providing their titers up to hundreds of billion CFU/g. Laboratory samples based on B. subtilis B-10 and T. asperellum T-36 showed the polyfunctionality, providing bio- and growth inducing effect and dose-dependent protective effect as well. Multirecycled biologics combining the properties of biopesticides and inoculants can be used to ensure the stable organic production.