Study of structural differences in non-crystalline objects by X-ray diffraction analysis
The introduction discusses the structure of crystalline and non-crystalline materials, as well as the effect of modifiers of various chemical composition on the structure of composite materials formed on an organic and inorganic matrix. The aim of the study was the dependence of the intensity of the scattered x-ray radiation on the degree of ordering of atoms and compositions of non-crystalline objects. The object of research was the dependence of the structure factor of the scattered radiation and the radial distribution function of atomic density (RDFAD). In the main part, the following tasks are considered: analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns of non-crystalline objects with various compositions and impurities; the derivation of the formula for calculating the function of the radial distribution of atomic density according to x-ray diffractometry; the effect of the sample on the radial distribution function of atomic density for the same type of substance (glass, polymers); establishing the transition of the formula for calculating the radial distribution function of atomic density with increasing degree of atomic ordering in the Paterson formula. It was established that this function is sensitive to changes in the concentration of impurity atoms. If a non-crystalline sample with an anisotropy of the degree of atomic ordering is studied, then this anisotropy can be analyzed by changing the orientation of the sample relative to the x-ray incident on it. Studies on the structural features of nanocomposite materials based on polyolefins using the proposed technique made it possible to establish structural changes in the amorphous part of the modified polymers. In conclusion, it was shown that an increase in the degree of intermolecular ordering leads to an increase in the physicomechanical characteristics, which is in good agreement with the available data from other scientific sources, in which an increase in the values of wear resistance, hardness, and tensile strength of polyolefins modified with nanodispersed diamond particles is noted.