CONSIDERATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TERRAIN IN THE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING AREAS OF POSSIBLE CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
In this article, the authors analyzed the existing methods for predicting the parameters of zones of possible chemical contamination, such as RD 52.04.253 - 90, «Toksi», the graphoanalytical method, and repeated calculations of these parameters. The peculiarities of the new calculations are taking into account the influence of the terrain, which is not provided for in the approved and used regulatory documents on the calculation of areas of possible chemical contamination.Key words: emergency chemical substances, contamination of the area, safety data sheet, forecasting of emergency situations, technosphere, emergency situation, chemically dangerous object. The work was carried out on the example of a chemically hazardous facility of PJSC «Nizhnekamskneftekhim», located at the address: Nizhnekamsk, Republic of Tatarstan. This object was chosen because it is located in close proximity to three significant cities of the Republic: Nizhnekamsk, Naberezhnye Chelny and Elabuga. In the course of the work, the authors found out that the existing method gives a significant error in calculating the depth of the zone of possible chemical contamination. This entails mistakes in the development of the Civil Defense Plan and the Action Plan for the prevention and elimination of natural and man-made emergencies. Errors in the development of these documents will entail significant material damage and an increase in human victims. In order to avoid such consequences, the authors propose to make changes to the existing methods of calculating the parameters of the possible chemical contamination zone, adding them with data on the terrain in the locations of chemically hazardous objects and nearby settlements and in areas inhabited by the population in the areas adjacent to chemically hazardous objects. Reducing the depth of the zone of possible chemical contamination will allow local governments to reduce the cost of purchasing personal protective equipment for non-working people and students, and will increase the accuracy and objectivity of the zone of possible chemical contamination; specify the number of people in need of medical care and shelter.