MID-SEASON AND HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE AEROBIC RICE VARIETY <i>STALINGRAD 1</i> FOR IRRIGATION BY PERIODIC WATERING
The results of the joint breeding work of the All-Russian Research Institute of Rice in 2002 - 2015 are presented, which boiled down to the creation of an aerobic rice variety tolerant to cultivation in unsaturated water soil with a potential yield with periodic irrigation of 6 - 8 t / ha of grain, a growing season of 115 - 118 days resistant to unfavorable biotic and abiotic factors. Introduction. The breeding of early, mid-season and highly productive varieties of rice is an urgent task in the northern regions of rice cultivation, especially when irrigated with periodic irrigation. Object. The breeding of the variety began with the selection of the initial material for breeding from the hybrid population of the All-Russian Research Institute of Rice at the «All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture» for the signs of tolerance to water shortage in the rice field, the duration of the growing season, as the main limiting factors of grain productivity in the northern zone of rice cultivation. Sample 8315 was obtained at the «All-Russian Research Institute of Rice» by the method of individual selection from a hybrid population of VNIIR 7718 x VNIIR 7643 in 2008 and subsequent study of the best lines in a hybrid, breeding and control nursery. Materials and methods. In 2013-2015 conducted a competitive variety testing for the purpose of comparative assessment with the zoned yield standard. Sample 8315 formed a yield of 1.20 t / ha of grain more than the Volgogradsky variety (standard), had a low hulliness, an increased yield of cereals, including the whole kernel. Taking into account the distinctive features of sample 8315 from the standard and its inherent advantages, it was submitted in 2016 for state variety testing under the name Stalingrad 1 . Results and Conclusions. In 2018, patent No. 9691 was received for a breeding achievement of rice Oryza sativa L . Stalingrad 1 , which was entered in the state register of protected breeding achieveents and approved for use in 6 and 8 regions of the Russian Federation for rice cultivation with periodic irrigation. A variety with a growing season from germination to full ripeness of grain is 115 - 118 days.