The phenomenon of androgyny and the idea of gender non-binarity in the modern era: theoretical notes
The anthropological turn of the XX-XXI centuries significantly changed not only the philosophical understanding of the nature of man himself, but also expanded the scope of interaction between man and the socio-cultural environment, revealing the need to include new categories, such as gender and gender. The post-anthropological era allowed us to significantly transform a person's self-image, go beyond the binary gender system, and construct and legalize the type of a new person of a "different gender" (potentially asserting its universality), based on already known ideas: the phenomenon of androgyny and the modern concept of nonbinary gender, which arose in the mainstream of gender studies. The philosophical idea of androgyny, which has stirred the minds of thinkers of many eras, certainly influenced the current idea of Judith Butler's gender paradigm that meets the challenges of our time. In line with Butler's theory, the ancient idea of the mythological androgynous as the First Human Being, a self-sufficient being of a holistic nature, gender-neutral (potentially asexual or combining the characteristics of both sexes) and unique in its kind is revived and gradually embodied. Of course, in the modern socio-cultural situation, we are not talking about the construction of a universal biological sex, but the internal, mainly psychological characteristics of androgynous consciousness are already actively manifested both in representatives of the modern non-binary gender (transgender, intersex, agender, etc.), and among young people, carriers of culture of the XXI century. In this article, the author seeks to determine the relationship between androgyny and the idea of gender non-binarity, as well as to emphasize the regularity of the emergence of an alternative gender theory that goes beyond the binary gender system.