FAITH AND SCIENCE: THE PROBLEM OF CORRELATION (AS EXEMPLIFIED IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY)
The article, using the materials of Russian metaphysical thought, discloses the essence of faith as transcending towards the superexistent principle and shows its fundamental difference as a metaphysical phenomenon from scientific knowledge cognizing the empirical world. It is noted that, in Russian philosophy, in apprehending the phenomenon of faith there appears to be a certain difference in understanding its correlation with science. Thus, the tradition of all-unity originating with Vladimir Solovyov aims to unite all levels of knowledge in a non-contradictory synthesis, whereas Nesmelov’s standpoint is directly opposite to this trend. Semyon Frank strove both to eliminate the eclecticism of all-unity and reveal a striving for a universal world view that would unite but not combine religion and philosophy, faith and reason. Modern science, switching over to development within the framework of a holistic paradigm, is acting in a positivist way: it does not brush aside the transcendental but tries to incorporate it into its world view.