ETHNODEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN UDMURTIA IN THE 1930s
The article examines the unexplored topic of demographic processes that took place among Russians, Udmurts, Tatars and Mari of Udmurtia in the 1930s. The sources were mainly unpublished current statistics, as well as census materials, including unpublished ones. For the first time, information on ethnic fertility and mortality from 1930 to 1939 was introduced into scientific circulation. in the region (except 1932, data for which could not be found in the archives). They made it possible to trace the dynamics and compare the trends of the natural movement of the largest nationalities in the region, to establish the factors that influenced reproduction. Among them is famine, and demographic indicators prove that in 1936 it was no less significant than in 1932-1933. The results of natural growth are calculated. Based on them, it was concluded that assimilation has not yet played a big role, and the number of Russians and Tatars has increased significantly due to their resettlement in Udmurtia. The relative values of ethnic reproduction for 1926 and 1939 were also calculated. The Udmurts had the highest birth rate during these years, and the Mari in mortality in 1926 and the Udmurts in 1939. The national composition of Udmurtia in 1926 was determined within the 1939 borders. This allowed, firstly, to establish a real increase the number of four peoples during the census period within the same territory. Secondly, it was possible to determine that in 1927-1938. Territories were added to the oblast on which in December 1926 263,774 people lived. The findings and results will help to take a fresh look at the regional history of the 1930s.