Getting new environmentally safe potato
The article presents the results of production of new potatoes with high economic efficiency, optimization of technological methods recommended for the effective cultivation of the best domestic varieties of new potatoes. Analysis of the data on the yield of early varieties of potatoes showed that the weather and climatic conditions of the production site (the steppe zone of the KBR) at the beginning of the growing season contributed better to the formation of early yield. According to our experiments, the yield was 20.3 t/ha. A sharp increase in positive temperatures during the period of sprouting together with moderate precipitation, during the growing season contributed to an increase in the yield of a mature tuber up to 22.5 t/ha. When growing potatoes, the main goal is to obtain high productivity of tubers with good quality indicators. The main indicator of the value of potato tubers is the level of starch content. According to our research, the analysis of the studied potato varieties revealed that the quality indicators of tubers depend on the varieties studied. Starch content was higher in early potato varieties. Utyonok variety which showed the result of 14.2 % was the leader among the early varieties, early Zhukovsky and Goryanka varieties were 0.9 and 1.6 % behind. The protein content in Utyonok variety was 3.11 % and Udacha was 3.03%; the protein content in Goryanka variety was the smallest number of 2.84 %. The research has revealed that the higher the yield, the lower the protein content in the plant tubers. The content of sugar in the tubers of new potatoes was the following: the early Zhukovsky variety had the highest indicator of 0.48 %, while the Udacha variety had the lowest - 0.41 %. On average, 0.44 % is a good indicator for new potatoes. The quality indicators of potatoes also include the presence of various groups of vitamins.