Adaptability of new promising varieties of spring barley of Omsk breeding
The research aimed to assess the adaptability of new promising spring barley varieties bred at the Omsk Agrarian Centre in terms of the main indicators of productivity and grain quality for introduction into agricultural production. The work was carried out in 2016-2021. The soil of the experimental plots was ordinary leached chernozem with a humus content of 6-7%. The object of research was the new promising varieties of spring barley Omsky 102 and Omsky 103; the standard was Omsky 95. The quality indicators of grain and the productivity of varieties were evaluated; the ecological adaptability and stability were calculated. The meteorological conditions of the study period were contrasting: 2016, 2019 - slightly arid; 2018 - optimal moisture; 2017, 2020 and 2021 - dry. New promising barley varieties Omsky 102 and Omsky 103 were characterised by increased grain size (+9.0 and +9.4 g to the standard (st.)). According to the content of protein (13.0 and 13.5%) and starch (55.8 and 56.2%) in the grain, they were at the standard level. Due to the increased yield of new varieties (Omsky 102 - +0.4 t/ha to st. and Omsky 103 - +0.7 t/ha to st.), a significant increase in protein collection per unit area was observed (+29.3 and +85.2 kg/ha to st.) and starch (+0.2 and +0.4 t/ha to st., respectively). The varieties Omsky 102 and Omsky 103 combine high responsiveness to improved environmental conditions (bi>1) and stability (σ2d = 0.21 and 0.16, respectively) in terms of yield (for the standard bi2d = 0.31 ). They are characterised by high stability in terms of the content of starch in the grain (σ2d = 3.2 and 2.9, respectively).