QUALITY OF LIFE IN RUSSIA DURING THE WAR OF 1914-1918s: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL ASPECT
In the article there is noted the increasing interest of contemporary researchers to the problems of life quality in Russia during the First World War. Quality of life is considered as an integrated concept that includes human needs and the ability to satisfy it; quality of life indicators, conditions of work and rest; housing conditions; social security and guarantees; life safety; leisure time and the possibilities of its productive use; subjective feelings of comfort, stability and confidence in the future. According to the author, the transformation of Russian society in 1914 - 1917 years was accompanied by a set of negative phenomena and processes related to quality of life: the deepening of social stratification in terms of financial security; deterioration in the health of the population, especially the working-age part, including through wounds, contusions on the front; increasing disparities in gender and age structure of the population; a high level of regional differentiation of the life quality of Russians. During the war, these processes had only been intensified. The author came to the following conclusions: the question of the quality of life in Russia during the First World War remains controversial; own assessment of the quality of life in most cases is comparative in nature and varies considerably according to the set of criteria for the comparison and determination of rating scales. Further development of the theme requires a multidisciplinary approach, clarification the concepts and statistical indicators, identification and introduction into scientific use of additional historical facts. It is advisable to create an encyclopedia of the Great War, revealing different aspects of this phenomenon, including the dynamics of the life quality of the participating countries population.