On the Nature of Islamic Revivalism and the Reasons for Its Expansion
Radical ideologies in the Islamic world arose and spread against the background of a general systemic crisis in Muslim society and, as a rule, were a reaction to the separation of Islamic states rulers from the true or pure Islam in their specific understanding. One of these ideologies is Islamic revivalism, whose main point is the purification of Islam from various extraneous features and interpretations and the orientation on the restoration of the Caliphate as an ideal Muslim society. This ideology in the North Caucasus has both a moderate direction and a radical wing. The latter offers an Islamic social project of a new socio-political structure, focused on solving the problems of Islamic Ummah. The penetration of the radical revivalism ideology into the republics of the North Caucasus had several stages and occurred against the background of a crisis in the socio-economic and political life. The activities of radical groups, whose structure, forms and methods of terrorist activity have undergone a certain evolution, have not been completely suppressed in the region yet. Acting on the basis of a network principle, they shifted their focus to the psychological brainwashing of under-educated youth, whose protest moods are actively used to arouse dissatisfaction with the existing socio-economic and political-legal system.