BIOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF YELLOW SPRING RAPE BRASSICA NAPUS L. SEED LINES
Studying the fatty acid composition of the oil of yellow rapeseed lines is the basis of efficient selective breeding work, aimed at creating yellow-seed varieties with steadily expressed optimal composition of all fatty acids in oil for various purposes. The studies have been carried out in field and laboratory conditions at the premises of Lipetsk rapeseed research institute, in Lipetsk in the period of 2018 - 2020 years. The object of research was 10 yellow-seeded lines of spring rapeseed (YRL). Determination of rapeseed oil fatty acid composition has been carried out in the biochemical laboratory using the method of gas-liquid chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters on «Chrom 5» chromatograph. All light-colored samples were characterized by an increased content of oleic acid by 1.96 - 7.42 %, an increased content of linoleic acid by 2.27-4.82 % with a corresponding decrease in the content of linolenic acid by 0.26-2.08 %. YRL lines 4, 5, 7 and 10 were distinguished by high average values of linoleic acid content (24.0-25.1 %), narrow confidence ranges of the data, and almost complete absence of erucic acid. Low average values of linolenic acid content (7.7 - 9.4 %) were found in the samples of YRL lines 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9, with YRL 7 having the highest linoleic acid content of 24.5 % and low linolenic content of 7,7 %. The obtained rank correlation parameters revealed a high negative correlation between the content of oleic and linoleic acids in the samples of YRL lines 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 (Corr = -0.815 ... -0.967) and demonstrated a significant negative correlation for YRL lines 1, 4, 10. YRL lines 4, 5 and 7 have shown increased mean values of linoleic acid (24.0-25.1 %), low values of linolenic acid (7.8-9.2 %) and negative (YRL 4, Corr = -0.378) and a weak positive (YRL 5, Corr = 0.158) correlation interaction between linoleic and linolenic acids.