Features of autobiographical memory in students with different types of temperament
The article discusses the features of autobiographical memory in representatives of different types of temperament on the example of students. Autobiographical memory is a personal-mnemonic system that performs the functions of fixing, storing and reproducing personally related information (memories, knowledge and ideas of a person about himself). Autobiographical memory performs functions that can be divided into three groups: social interaction functions, self-regulatory functions, and existential functions. The last group includes the formation of a person's self-identity, in connection with which the problem of the relationship between personal characteristics and autobiographical memory attracts the attention of researchers. The purpose of the article is to describe the features of autobiographical memory in representatives of different types of temperament. The study involved students from 18 to 25 years old. The following psychodiagnostic methods were used: the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), option A (adapted by A.G. Shmelev), the method of free reproduction of events. The results of an empirical study of the characteristics of autobiographical memory in representatives of different types of temperament are presented. As statistical methods for processing the obtained data, the MannWhitney U-criterion and the φ* criterion - Fisher's angular transformation were used. The results of an empirical study show that sanguine people, compared with representatives of other types of temperament, more often recall positive events, while phlegmatic people recall neutral ones. We also obtained statistically significant differences in the reproduction of positive events by respondents with high and low levels of extraversion. At the same time, representatives of different types of temperament have some differences in the reproduction of events related to different life spheres. The obtained data correlate with the results of studies carried out earlier by other authors.