Analysis of the long-term dynamics of the temporary structure of kata in sports karate
Introduction. The article presents approaches to the scientific and methodological justification and modem development of the content of the program of the theory and methodology of training karate athletes as a new Olympic sport. A review of literary sources has shown that modeling technology that meets the modern requirements of competitive activity in sporting karate has not been sufficiently developed. The purpose of the research was to determine the stability and variability of the temporary structure of kata in a long-term cycle of performances in the following operating modes: pauses, fast and slow movements. Methodology and organization of research. To study the time structure of competitive kata, we have used the video analysis method. We proposed to hold the comparative analysis of the temporal characteristics of kata in the range from minimum to maximum duration, which presents 20 appearances of multiple European and world champion L. Valdesi at competitions of various ranks. Research results and discussion. In the process of studying the temporal structure of kata at the stages of many years of training in sporting karate, we determined the elements of the substantive-temporal parameters of the kata and conducted the comparative analysis of the substantive-temporal characteristics of the kata in various operating modes. The results of the study indicate that the duration of kata in the process of many years of performances is changed and is characterized by the individual time range. Athletes master the optimal model of TSK for themselves, which they try to maintain at individual stages of training. Conclusions. Analysis of the results of the research made it possible to identify individual time ranges in the performed kata at different stages of many years of training in sporting karate. They include pauses, rhythm, pace and fixation on single elements, which are an important criterion for sportsmanship. The development of appropriate rhythm and tempo models and their use in the training of karateka can significantly increase the effectiveness of their successful development of competitive kata.