Subchondral bone osteoperforation on the processes of chondro- and osteoregeneration in osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral condyles
The research results on chondro- and osteoregeneration in the destruction focus in osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral condyles after the application of different type-perforation of the subchondral bone are presented. It was established that the developed methods of deep osteoperforation of the subchondral bone, used in the experimental group of patients, allowed one to cause the stimulation of osteoregeneration processes in the lesion focus of the femoral condyle (index of osteoregeneration constituted +0.1 cm3). In the control group, where the method of non-deep microfracturing of the lesion was applied, the processes of osteoregeneration were not observed, or slightly expressed (index of osteoregeneration constituted -0.2 cm3). The fulfilled research showed that deep tunnelisation of a damaged bone tissue in osteochondritis dissecans of the femoral condyles of the knee joint causes in the lesion well balanced processes of osteoregeneration and chondroregeneration, which contribute the reconstruction of the joint shape. Non-deep microfracturing of the subchondral bone plate leads only to a superficial closure of the destructive focus by a chondrous tissue without the activation of osteoregeneration processes in the damaged femoral condyle.