ECONOMIC-USEFUL SIGNS OF CALVES OF kALMYK BREED OF DIFFERENT SELECTIONS
The article presents the results of the study of the influence of the genotype of the Kalmyk breed on the economic-useful traits of descendants. To solve the tasks in the conditions of SEC "Soap" Zakamensky district of the Republic of Buryatia, a scientific and economic experience was conducted on three groups of bull calves of Kalmyk breed of different breeds from birth to 18-month-old age of 15 each. Group I included calves of Kalmyk breed of local selection, in II - Kalmyk breeding, in group III - Rostov selection. During the period of rearing and foraging, the bulls of all the groups were raised under the same conditions of keeping and feeding. As a result of the study it was found that during the period of growing from birth to 18 months of age, the feed intake per animal was in the I group - 3497,6 ECU and 352,3 kg of digestible protein; in II - 3457,8 and 348,3 and in III - 3425,7 ECU and 345,1 kg of digestible protein. At the same time, bulls of local breeding consumed 39,8 and 71,9 ECU more than peers of groups II and III. In a comparative analysis of the dynamics of live weight, it was revealed that for the same live mass at the beginning of the experiment and subsequently throughout the entire experiment, the bull calves of local breeding exceeded the peers of Kalmyk and Rostov selection by the indicator studied. An obvious advantage over live weight was manifested in animals of local breeding at the age of 14 and 18 months. At the same time, they outperformed their peers by 10,6 kg (3,4%) and 15,7 kg (3,8%); 16,8 kg (5,4%) and 23,5 kg (5,8%) respectively. According to the meat productivity indicators it was established that the experimental bulls of all groups were characterized by high killer qualities. At the same time, the boas in local breeding had an advantage on slaughter indicators. Accordingly, more massive carcasses were obtained from them, which were heavier by 10,1 kg (4,5%) and 15,9 kg (7,3%), respectively. The yield of mascara in them was 56,0% compared to peers higher by 0,4 and 0,8%. The yield of internal fat was higher in the group I bulls and amounted to 2,9%, against peers 2,8% and 2,7%. According to the chemical composition of the average sample of meat - mincemeat, relatively large numbers of bulls had local breeding, in particular, they had somewhat more protein and fat than the peers of groups II and III. This was reflected in the energy values of 1 kg of pulp.The results of the research have shown the effectiveness and expediency of using the Kalmyk bull calves of different selections. The profitability of breeding bulls of local breeding was 39,7% against 34,6% for Kalmyk calves and 32,2% for gobies of Rostov selection.