Preferred effectiveness of Condor seed drills with chisel furrow openers for sowing winter crops with surface soil moisture insufficiency
The efficiency of the working bodies and seeders produced in Russia (Samara) in the Eurotechnika JSC of the German company AMAZONEN-Werke for primary use in winter crops in regions that are often experiencing soil moisture deficiency is considered. The structural and technological differences of various seed drill coulters - chisel-shaped (anchor) and disk (double-disc) are analyzed, which are the main working bodies of modern seeders that provide sowing using various technologies. Paw openers were not considered, since on insufficiently moist soils they additionally drain it, which is undesirable for winter crops with small autumn precipitation. It is shown that the Condor trailed seeder sows with individual chisel sowing coulters with individual suspension with row spacings of 25 and 31.3/33.3 cm and, most importantly, after each coulter, a rubberized support wheel works to compact and improve the contact of the sown seeds with the soil. At the same time, moisture is pulled along the capillaries from the underlying wetter layers, contributing to the friendly and early emergence of seedlings, which subsequently fall under natural autumn rainfall and get favorable conditions for tillering and laying a good crop. Data are presented that indicate that when winter wheat is sown with a high-performance Condor seeder with chisel openers and simultaneous soil rolling in the furrow with individual rubberized rollers with the formation of a relief surface of the field, better seed germination and autumn development of winter wheat in the risky farming area are provided.