ВПЛИВ МІНЕРАЛЬНИХ ДОБРИВ ТА МІКРОДОБРИВА НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ РОСЛИН СОЇ В УМОВАХ ЛІСОСТЕПУ ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОГО
Among the leguminous plants of world agriculture soy belongs to most valuable ones, its grain contains over 40 % of protein and to 25 % of oil. Soy protein is balanced in amino acid composition, it is easily digested by human and animal organisms. Productivity level and products quality, depending on the sort and terms of growing are particularly important features of modern high quality technology of soy growing. The system of soy fertilizing must be combined, as soy can uptake certain part of elements independently, and for a maximum harvest the optimal and balanced amount of elements nutrients is needed. The paper highlights the value of soy as a high-protein grain crop. The influence microelements on growth, development and individual productivity of the crop is discussed in the article. Influence of seed treatment on the productivity of soy is shortly presented. The analysis of foreign scientists’ papers was conducted. The soybean is an amazing and versatile crop. It is one of the oldest crops, domesticated in north eastern China. Microelements are extremely important in soybean growth and development, as their presence in the sufficient amount is the obligatory condition of the intensive up taking nitrogen from air. Despite their insignificant content, microelements are vitally important for development of plants, as they carry out important physiological biological functions. Thus, estimation of the productivity and quality of soy varieties under different mineral nutrition rates and microelements treatment is scientifically valuable and topical problem that needs a deeper scientific study. The main purpose of the researches consists in the defining the influence of microelements and fertilizing system on forming the grain-growing productivity of soy sorts in order to obtain increase in productivity and quality of seed in the conditions of right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Influence of mineral fertilizers dose, pre sowing seed treatment and micronutrient replenishment out of the root on the individual productivity of different ripeness group of soybean sorts in forest-steppe right-bank conditions is presented. Climatic, soil, genetic, management factors, and their interactions influence on soybean photosynthesis productivity. Some elements of growing technology are considered in this article. The value of mineral nutrition is exposed in growth and development of this crop. The role of soy crop in plants growing is defined. The peculiarities of mineral nutrition of soybean plants are defined. Influence of microelements on growth, development of soybean plants and forming the corn productivity of sowing is considered. In order to manage soybean production the best, one needs an understanding of how the plant grows and develops. Without good soil it is impossible to grow a good crop. And a good soil will actually give the plants protection from adverse weather - cold, frost, drought, excess water - as well as protection from pests and diseases. Ideal soil for soybean production peak is a loose, well-drained loam. Plants need various amounts of nutrient elements from the soil as they grow and produce seeds. Apart from nitrogen, different other elements should be available in adequate amounts in ideal soils, but most soils either have deficiencies or imbalances in the amounts of nutrients available to the plants. Other elements are necessary for plants, but only in very small amounts. Thus they are called the micronutrients or trace elements. Eco-farming suggests that half a hundred in some way figure in the production sequence. Molybdenum is needed by nitrogen fixing bacteria. In soybeans, the most frequent micronutrient deficiencies are iron, zinc, manganese and molybdenum. But such deficiencies usually occur in poor, weathered or sandy soils, or in soils that are very alkaline or excessively high in organic matter. A loamy soil with adequate humus and soil life should not have micronutrient deficiencies. For healthy crops and high quality yields, it is important that nutrient elements be available to the plants in the proper amounts and in the right balance. Excess or lack of these elements can cause deficiencies in others.