Haplogroup Y-chromosome and the origin of the national gene pool
The Y-chromosome is only in males and inherited from father to son. The study of molecular genetic markers from the Y chromosome in modern humans of different ethnic groups has led to the conclusion about common origin of all mankind from the ancestral African population that existed 160-220 thousand years ago. Through the study of hundreds of ethnic populations Y-chromosome are organized into haplogroups, each of which represents an Association of related haplotypes originating from the same ancestral, evolutionary events (common mutation). But since this happens infrequently, direct ancestral line "son - father - grandfather, etc." can carry the same genotype the Y-chromosome.