Economicly-useful qualities and genetic parameters of highly productive herd of LLCSTUD farm "Pushkinskoe" in Nizhny Novgorod region
Through the use of methods of accumulation and reproductive cross breeding and breeding in «itself» a highly productive herd of cows was created in LLC stud farm «Pushkinskoe». We used black - motley cows of local origin, local and Holstein bulls tested on progeny. The offspring by the age of 15 months had a live weight of 400 - 416 kg. Cows of the herd have a productivity of 10 thousand kg of milk, with 3.7% fat content. They are characterized by high coefficient of lactation persistency. The coefficient of milking capacity in the herd is high, for the first-calf heifers it was 1343 - 1726 kg, for the full-grown cows top producers - 2000-2244 kg. All cows of stud farm are characterized by proportional but more angular than the Holstein cows body build, long, wide and deep body, even topline with voluminous middle part of the body, muscularity is insufficient, but appropriate for the dairy type of cattle. 83-95% of cows have optimal size, the udder bottom is smooth. Half of the cows have the milk flow rate 2 kg/minute or more, there are cows with greater milk flow rate 2,20 - 2,75 kg/minute. The calf crop in recent years was 90%. Service period for appraisal lasts 90 - 97 days. Genotype is determined by specific bulls and lines. Livestock belongs to three genealogical lines: Vis Ideal, Reflection of Sovering and Pabst Governor, most of the livestock of Vis Ideal line is presented by daughters of great grandsons of bull Elevation - 1491007. Thus, in LLC «Pushkinskoe» during 20 years of deep selection work with a sufficient food reserve there was obtained the cattle livestock exceeding the requirements of black-motley breed on productive and genealogical parameters.