Study of biodiversity Pyricularia oryzae Cav in the rice-growing areas south of russia on the basis of methods PCR
Research was conducted with support of grant RFFR № 16-44-230178 «Study of genetic structure of population of Pyricularia oryzae Cav. agent and scientific ground of immune and genetic protection of rice crop». The aim of the study was to study the molecular genetic structure of the highly variegated fungal phytopathogen Pyricularia oryzae Cav., and to determine the effective virulence genes for the development of a strategy for immunogenetic protection of rice from blast in conditions of epiphytotytic development of the disease in southern Russia, combining both environmental friendliness, resource and energy conservation and high efficiency for ensuring the country’s food security. Such knowledge is of particular interest, since it allows to predict the appearance of new races and pathogens of Pyricularia oryzae Cav., and also to determine genes of (a)virulence in rice-growing regions of Russia. The latter is an indispensable theoretical basis for the development of genetic sources with long-lasting resistance to blast. Based on molecular genetic approaches, a study of the genetic structure and biodiversity of the phytopathogenic fungus Pyricularia oryzae Cav. in the south of Russia was conducted. 62 strains of pathogen were monitored and selected from the damaged herbarium material collected from the fields of eight ecological rice-growing zones of the Krasnodar Region (Krasnoarmeysky, Kalininsky, Abinsky, Temryuksky, Seversky, Slavyansky districts) and the Rostov Region (Proletarsky District). A multiplex PCR was developed on the basis of fragment analysis to identify selected isolates. With its use 33 genotypes were identified among the studied strains of Pyricularia oryzae Cav., each of them is characterized by a unique genetic profile. Their DNA-passports have been compiled. The studied isolates of the blast agents were characterized by morphological and cultural traits.