Upper Paleolithic site Sergeevka 1 on the river Nugush (Southern Urals)
The industry of the site Sergeevka 1 of Upper Paleolithic Age in the mountain area of the river Nugush, the south-east of Bashkortostan, is considered in the article. Technological and morphological analysis of the stone products led us to conclude that there was a typological site which indicated Upper Paleolithic industry. The outstanding feature is a combination of advanced industry with pebble shapes and Mousterian technologies. The knapping was split to obtain the plates of an average width of 1-2 cm, 3-5 cm. Cores were presented in the following forms: prismatic, conical, orthogonal and face. Besides, there were orthogonal, discoid and radial cores. Microblades were used for many small size nucleuses. An important feature of the primary cleavage is the instability of the location of striking platform. The burins of various types comprise the largest group: angle burins on broken blade, burins on tracated blade, plane burins, retouched burins, multiple dihedral burins and others. The next category is the scrapers. They also have different shapes: ogival end scrapers, end scrapers with a spine, end scraper on ventral face, thick-nosed scrapers, double end scrapers, circular end scraper, carinate end scrapers, core-shaped scraper. Combined tools were also of use: burin end scraper, sharp end scraper. Numerous different pieces with scaly retouch angles, sharps and beaks: beaked forms, pieces with a spine, points, borer on blade - were applied as well. A number of blades and flakes had notched pieces. Adzes were rectangular in shape. Some artifacts were pieces with straight retouched truncation, pieces with oblique retouched truncation, pieces with concave retouched truncation and backed blades. Mousterian features of the tool's collection could be traced through the large side-scrapers on massive levallois flakes and pebble tools (choppers, hammers and chopping tools like «tsaldi»). Archaic features in the design tools should be considered in the placement of working areas at the proximal or the ventral part of the blades and flakes. Technological and morphological analysis of stone artifacts indicates the presence of a complex typological characteristic of the earliest monuments of the horizon site Talitsky in the Upper Paleolithic Age of the Urals.