Efficacy of disinfectants against African Swine Fever virus present in soil and water
African Swine Fever (ASF) has been recorded in the RF since 2007 in 37 regions as a consequence of importation of the virus from Georgia to the Republic of Chechnya. In 2014 the disease was diagnosed in 13 RF subjects: 77 outbreaks were observed - 32 cases in domestic pigs and 45 in boars. The high viability of the virus and its resistance to some disinfectants is one of the factors of rapid propagation. The virus persists for a long time in water and soil, constitutes a thread of infecting animals and originating secondary epizootic ASF focuses. The inactivating effect of some disinfectants of different chemical groups on the ASF virus in contaminated soil and water at t18±2 deg. C (in vitro and in vivo) was studied. The virulent strain "Stavropol 01/08" of virus-containing defibrinated blood having an infective activity was used of 7,5 lg HAU/50/cm 3. The disinfection efficacy was studied in vivo using apparently healthy Large White gilts aged 3 - 4 months and in vitro in the cell hybrid subline SPEV TK with chyliform swine blood cells (A,C/9k). The disinfectants were studied: Biodez-Extra, Biodez-Extra DVU, Teotropin-P, Triosept-Endo, Agrigerm 1510. As a control preparation chloramine B was used. Disinfectants were used in concentrations of 0,5 % and 2 % inactivating the ASF virus on contaminated Absorbing and non-absorbing test surfaces. The disinfectants were evaluated for a decontaminating effect with ASF-virus contaminated main water and cambric tests having a size of 1,0x4,5 cm onto which 0,25 cm 3 of virus-containing blood was applied. After evaluating the inactivating effect of the preparations for the ASF virus in contaminated soil after 6 h 2 % solutions of these disinfectants decontaminated the virus in soil and water at t 18±2 deg. C. To evaluate the decontaminating effect of the preparation on the ASF virus whole virus containing blood was brought into contaminated water ASF virus-contaminated main water was used as control. After 3, 6, 12 and 24 h there were collected water samples with which a cell culture and gilts were infected. For this purpose a one-day cell culture of A 4C2/9kin the volume of 1,0 cm 3 was infected with experimental and control water samples and eluates, then incubated at t 37±0,5 deg. C for 6 - 7 days. The absence hemadsorption (HAd) in the A 4C2/9k cell culture testified to the inactivation of the ASF virus with the tested preparations. 2 % solutions of all the tested disinfectants, except for Teotropin-P (toxic for the A 4C2/9k cell culture) had a high inactivating effect with respect to the ASF-virus in contaminated soil and water After a 6-hour exposition the ASF virus in water and soil samples were not detected - specific hemadsorption was absent in the A 4C2/9k cell culture. By studying in vitro and in vivo experiments the inactivating effect of 5 new disinfectants with respect to the ASF virus it was found that as chloramine B they had a comparative efficacy. Teotropin-P was the most active of them that inactivated the ASF virus in concentrations of 0,5 % after 3 h.