HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGED SOILS OF THE NAZAROV FOREST-STEPPE
Agricultural production is one of the effects on the environment. The Nazarovskaya forest-steppe belongs to the «island», forming divided massifs on the territory of Middle Siberia. This is the most agriculturally developed territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. During agricultural use, significant amounts of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus are artificially introduced into the system of element circulation. When plowing virgin lands, natural vegetation is replaced by monodominant and a significant part of phytomass is removed together with the crop. According to the data of state monitoring of lands and monitoring of the state of the environment of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, it has been established that the soil cover is subject to degradation, pollution, clogging, and destruction. It is revealed that changes occur in the physicochemical and water-physical properties of arable land. It was found that the moisture content in the soil profile reflects the processes of humidification of the atmosphere. Soils with less moisture and higher soil temperature are located on the southern slopes, and conditions for colder and wetter soils are created on the northern slopes. The maximum moisture content was found on the horizontal surface (so-called «Springs»), which is confirmed by the previously obtained data. In the soils which are in a constant agricultural turn (arable land), similar dynamics of natural processes, as well as in natural, is observed. Only water-soluble forms of carbon in arable land have a smaller amplitude of oscillations than in natural conditions. It is established that natural soils, in contrast to their anthropogenic modifications, have large reserves of moisture, humus and water-soluble forms of carbon. Soils located in the forest-steppe zone are characterized by an increased content of humus in the arable horizon and a sharp decrease in arable. In the soil absorbing complex, the magnesium fraction increases with depth. The neutral and weakly alkaline reaction of the soil medium is determined. Changes in the physicochemical and water-physical properties of natural and anthropogenically altered soils due to inclination exposures have been revealed. Arable land on the slopes facing southeast is most favorable for agricultural use.