MEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND RHYTHMICALLY-REMOVABLE FEEDING OF CALVES OF DAIRY BREEDS
We studied meat productivity under intensive cultivation and use of rhythmic feeding of calves of dairy breeds. The study was conducted in the farm named after S.G. Shaumyan of Myasnikovsky district of Rostov region on red bulls of steppe and black-and-white breed from birth to 18 months of age. For this according to the principle of analogues at birth 4 groups of 26 animals each were formed(13 red-steppe and 13 black-and-white breeds), the difference between groups was the level of feeding: I-control - the feeding level prevailing in the farm, the average growth rate - 700-800 g; II, III, IV-experienced - an increased level of feeding, daily growth rate - 950-1100 g, but in the III and IV experimental groups rhythmic feeding was additionally applied. The use of rhythmic feeding significantly improves meat quality of intensively grown calves. At the age of 18 months this excess was over peers with traditional feeding by the weight of paired corpses - by 10,3 and 10,5%; by weight of internal fat -by 20 and 11,2%; by slaughter outcome - by 1,7 and 1,7% respectively for red steppe and black-and-white breeds. The results of calculations of the economic efficiency of growing calves of 15 and 18 months of age showed that slaughter at the age of 18 months is more appropriate. This is because the profit in all groups was higher at the age of 18-months than 15-months, especially in the calves of II group. We came to the conclusion that growing after 18 months of age is not effective, because the growth rate began to fall, respectively, and feed consumption per 1 kg of growth would increase as well as the cost of cultivation. Therefore, it is safe to say that the optimum age of the implementation of calves of red steppe and black-and-white cattle for meat under intensive cultivation technology is 18 months.