Synthesis of an Invariant Automatic Control Systems with an Internal Model
The article is devoted to the modernization of typical cascade automatic control systems with stabilizing and corrective PI controllers. Such automatic control systems, in addition to the main signal (of adjustable value), use an additional leading signal that reacts to the disturbance faster than the main one. The leading signal effectively compensates for internal disturbances arising in the system by adjusting the stabilizing controller. The temperature control system of superheated steam boiler units of thermal power plants may be taken as an example. The task of determining the configuration parameters of such dual-circuit systems is quite difficult. With a relatively low inertia of the internal circuit, the speed of the stabilizing controller is quite high, and transients in it do not affect the quality of regulation in the external circuit with a corrective controller. This makes it possible to calculate the optimal settings of the latter only by the dynamic characteristics of the inertial section using conventional methods developed for single-circuit systems. The main disadvantage of such automatic control systems is that they do not allow, with close inertia of the contours, to significantly improve the quality of working out the main impacts during the jump of the task, internal and external disturbances. To eliminate this drawback, an invariant cascade automatic control system with an internal model is proposed that takes into account the dynamics of both the internal and external contours with an inertial section of the object when choosing the structure and setting up the corrective controller. In this case, the internal model is used to fully compensate for the main feedback of the system when working out the task signal, as well as to isolate an equivalent external disturbance, for which an invariance differentiator is used to compensate. The invariant cascade automatic control system makes it possible to significantly increase the speed and accuracy compared to the standard one.