INTENSIVE METHODS OF IMPROVING LAND RECLAMATION CONDITION OF IRRIGATED LANDS IN TURKESTAN REGION
This article presents the results of applying the efficiency and advantages of the method of leveling of irrigated moderately saline lands in the conditions of the Turkestan region. This article presents the results of applying the efficiency and advantages of the method of leveling of irrigated moderately saline lands in the conditions of the Turkestan region. The aim of the study is to determine the change in the properties of irrigated gray earth soils in the Turkestan region under the influence of laser leveling, as well as to develop solutions aimed at obtaining high and stable yields of the domestic cotton variety Maktaaral - 4017, by saving irrigation water, eliminating salt stains, and increasing soil fertility. According to the results of research work on the experimental field, the following advantages of this technology in comparison with the traditional method were revealed: saving irrigation water by 30 %, reducing soil salinity, uniform soil moisture, uniform seed germination, uniform emergence of seedlings; an increase in the yield of the domestic cotton variety Maktaaral-4017 by 3.7 c / ha, additional profit due to an increase in crop yields is 57.4 thousand tenge. The presented technologies include practical developments aimed at more efficient use of water and land resources through laser leveling of irrigated saline lands. The main purpose of land leveling in agriculture is to eliminate the unevenness of the field surface, which makes it difficult to carry out irrigation and mechanized agrotechnical measures. The flat surface of the field ensures efficient use of irrigation water, its even distribution over the field and soil moisture, contributes to the uniform growth of crops due to the seeding of seeds and uniform application of fertilizers at the same depth and, consequently, further uniform growth of plants and obtaining a high yield.