The Russian technical society: stages of formation, development, transformations
The purpose of the work is to make the chronological analysis of the main stages of formation and development of the Russian technical society, its transformations according to changes in a state system of the Russian Empire and the states which were consistently arising on its basis taking into account specifics of the solved public economic and scientific technical tasks. Data on history of formation of the Russian technical society, the persons participating in its creation are provided. It is shown that genesis of the Russian technical society is connected with an era of the social and legal reforms of the Emperor Alexander II intensifying expansion in Russia of industrial production and emergence of new industries. In a chronological order the large governmental organizational activities connected with development and transformations in scientific and technical societies, and also data on the opening and development, industrial introductions caused by work of societies are described. Information on participation of the most famous scientists in the field of natural and technical science in work of technical society is given. The most interesting facts about influence of technical societies on the organization of the industry and economy in general are given. Transformations of society during the period after February revolution of 1917 are described. Functions, organizational structures (All-Union council of scientific technical organizations - All-Union council of scientifically technical societies), the purposes and tasks of scientific technical societies and ways of their impact on economy during industrialization and in the next decades in the years of existence of the USSR are analyzed. Information on reorganization of All-Union council of scientifically technical societies in the International union of scientific and engineering public associations in connection with collapse of the USSR and emergence of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and also activity of the Russian and International unions of scientific and engineering public associations at the present stage of historical development are given.