Useful substances from marine kelps (Heterokontophyta): chemical structure, physical and chemical properties, content, and use
Organic substances and some macro- and microelements from Heterokontophyta algae, useful for human, are reviewed on cited and authors' data. Chemical structure, physical and chemical properties of the most widespread and important substances are described. The organic substances, as sulphated polysaccharides (alginates and fucoidans) and storage glucans (laminarin and mannite) have the greatest using in food industry and medicine. The most economically important genera and species of kelps with the greatest content of these valuable compounds are presented. Seasonal dynamics and conditions favourable for accumulation these useful substances in algal thalli in nature and aquaculture are analyzed.