THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF JUSTICE: ARISTOTLE AND HUME
The paper deals with a representation of the problem of the scope or limits of justice in the history of philosophy. The essence of the problem is how to find an anthropological, communicative and institutional context where principles and rules of justice acquire their normative force. For Aristotle it is the polis (the union of citizens trying to achieve a happy and virtuous life) that plays this part. As for Hume, such a context is identical with a situation, where some people characterized by limited generosity and mutual vulnerability need to cooperate under a condition of relative scarcity of recourses.