The study of the structure and properties of nanostructured biodegradable thermoplastic composite
Increased requirements for polymer materials and the expansion of their application fields create the prerequisites for the creation of new composite materials. The most promising matrix for the biocomposite material is 2-hydroxypropionic (lactic) acid, the unique capabilities of which are manifested as a result of modification by inorganic mineral fillers of nanometric size. The combination of such properties as Biodegradability and biocompatibility is particularly valuable in this polymer. Nanostructured composite materials, consisting of polylactic acid and mineral fillers, acquire a significant improvement in properties compared to the properties of a pure polymer. Biodegradable films containing a layered natural mineral from the class of metasilicates were obtained by the method of irrigation of molding solutions. Trichloromethane was used as a solvent for the preparation of molding solution. The structure and properties of a nanostructured thermoplastic composite are studied. It is shown that the filler is evenly distributed in the polymer structure, affects the size of the crystal formations, the size of the crystallites increases. The introduction of a nanostructuring mineral into a biopolymer increases the thermal stability of the composite, which is due to the high resistance to high temperatures of the initial micro-reinforcing mineral filler, which does not decompose to a temperature of 1000-1100 0C. The influence of layered natural mineral from the class of metasilicates on the deformation and strength properties of biocompositeis established: the strength is maintained and the relative elongation at material rupture is slightly reduced. The ability to biodegradation and very low toxicity allow the use of nanostructured composite material based on 2-hydroxypropionic (lactic) acid in biomedical, pharmaceutical, environmental and industrial fields. The development of biodegradable composite material will solve the current domestic problems of polymers for medical purposes.