Method of equilibrium solution finding for port’s operators in competitive environment of oligopoly type
In the article, a theoretical approach is proposed for development of competitive strategies of ports terminals (OPT) at local market of stevedoring services. The aim of research is development of method for equilibrium solution which is based on synthesis of microeconomics (theory of firm) and operations research methods (transportation type problems). Such approach allows give to OPT the concrete quantitative and qualitative recommendations for cargo flows attraction under competition of oligopoly type taking into account the co-operation with the transportation companies. These recommendations are connected with discounts of OPT from basic tariffs for transshipment. Formally these discounts are taking into account as coefficients of corresponding objective functions (total profit of OPT and transport companies) with the help of so-called demand functions. It is supposed that demand function for cargo transshipment at each port’s terminal depends linearly on total cargo flow of all port terminals. The Cournot equilibrium cargo flows’ distribution among ports terminals is found in evident form. The Stackelberg equilibrium solution is analyzed, as well. Some other market’s structures for ports operators are considered. The results of research may be used in managerial practice of the ports operators when developing by them the competitive strategies at local market of stevedoring service.