PINE-BIRCH STANDS WITH A SECOND LAYER OF SPRUCE FORMED UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THINNING
The settlement of spruce under a pine-birch canopy is a very common phenomenon that deserves every kind of human assistance. Such pine forests are of greatest interest, both from the biological side (the relationship of tree species, the long-term replacement of pine with spruce), and from the economic side (rational multi-purpose organization of forestry). Meanwhile, this category of the forest stands remains the least studied. Through thinning, it is possible to form stands of optimal composition and density, providing better growth rates and at the stage of main felling providing a greater economic effect.