New Approaches to the Use of Membrane Methods for Obtaining High-Quality Drinking Water
A fundamentally new concept of providing the population with high-quality drinking water is proposed, associated with the transfer of drinking water supply to cities and villages to the use of autonomous block installations for water purification in the sites of its direct consumption. Autonomous membrane installations for collective and individual use with biotesting and analytical control are developed. In these installations, preliminary water purification is carried out with the help of microfiltration tubular membranes made of lignocellulose (wood) and ceramic membranes made of clay minerals, which retain mechanical and colloidal impurities. The concentrations of these impurities after purification meet the drinking water standards. A technological scheme is developed for water purification from nitrate ions to drinking conditions with the production of mineral fertilizers through a rational combination of reverse osmosis and an improved electrodialysis process.