WILD ANIMALS NUMBER DYNAMICS IN THE TRANS-BAIKAL REGION AND FACTORS AFFECTING IT
The purpose of research is to study the dynamics of the number of wild animals in the Trans-Baikal Region and the factors influencing it. Objectives: to study the dynamics of the number of the main game animals in the territory of the Trans-Baikal Region and the research and experimental farm "Kurulga"; determine the factors influencing the dynamics of the number and give proposals for its increase. The data on the composition of the animal world in the Trans-Baikal Region are highlighted, the dynamics of the number of wild animals living in the territory of the region is given. The number of elk, red deer (Manchurian deer) and roe deer in the region is stable with an upward trend, at the moment it is 17.7; 34.6 and 106.7 thousand individuals, respectively. On the example of the research and experimental hospital Kurulga the data of monitoring diseases of wild animals and the organization of security and biotechnical measures are given. A stable increase in the number of elk, red deer and musk deer was noted after the organization of a complex of biotechnical measures on the territory of the hospital. Monitoring of diseases of wild animals in the border zone in the south of the Trans-Baikal Region revealed the presence of 18 species of parasites: 11 species in the Siberian roe deer; 8 - in red deer and 6 - in elk, 4 species - in carnivores (wolf, fox, lynx). In ruminants (moose, roe deer, Manchurian deer) - ostertagii, dictyocaulas, fasciolas, echinococcus cysts, trichocephali. A high degree of invasion by Echinococcus granulosus larva was noted in Siberian roe deer with EI 86.3 %, elk - 58.3 and red deer 57.1 %. Wild carnivores (wolf, fox, lynx) are infected with trichinella, taeniasis, spirocercosis. The highest infestation was noted in the wolf: Trichinella nativa is recorded with an EI of 45.3 %, Echinococcus granulosus - with 94.1, Taenia hydatigena - 72.1 %.