Ataman Semenov's Geopolitical Ambitions: An Attempt of Creating a Federative "Great Mongolian State"
The article examines archival documents of secret services that throw light on Zabaikalsky ataman Semenov's attempts to establish a Pan-Mongolian state with the help of Japanese militarists. The author traces the evolution of the idea of Pan-Mongolism from 1900, when it originated, to the attempts of implementing it during the Xinhai Revolution in China in 1911 by Mongols, Buryat Democrats and white leaders in the years of the revolution and the Civil War in Russia. Moreover, all the major world powers were involved in this process. The apogee of Semyonov's activity was the holding of the Pan-Mongol Congress and the establishment of the "Great Mongolian State", which lasted less than a year.