ACOUSTIC MONITORING OF ABNORMAL STRESS ZONES, DETERMINATION OF THEIR POSITIONS AND SURFACES, EVALUATION OF CATASTROPHE RISK
Self-organization is not a universal property of matter, it exists under certain internal and external conditions and this is not associated with a special class of substances. The study of the morphology and dynamics of migration of abnormal zones associated with increased stresses is of particular importance in the development of deep-seated deposits, complicated by dynamic phenomena in the form of rock bumps. An important tool for this study is geophysical exploration. To describe the geological medium in the form of rock mass with its natural and technogenic heterogeneity requires to use its more adequate description than a discrete model of the medium in the form of a piecewise heterogeneous block medium with embedded heterogeneities of a lower grade than the size of the block. This inclusion can be traced several times, i.e. changing the scale of the study, we see that heterogeneities of a lower grade now appear in the form of blocks for heterogeneities of the next grade. Simple averaging of the measured geophysical parameters can lead to misconceptions about the structure of the medium and its evolution. We have analyzed the morphology of structural features of disintegration zones before the strong dynamic phenomenon. Introduction into the development system of the proposed complex passive and active geophysical monitoring aimed at studying the transient processes of redistribution of stress-deformed and phase states can help to prevent catastrophic dynamic phenomena in the development of deep-seated deposits. Active geophysical monitoring methods should be tuned to a hierarchical heterogeneous medium model. The authors have built the iteration algorithms of 2-D modeling and interpretation for sound diffraction and linearly polarized transverse elastic wave on the inclusion with hierarchical elastic structure located in the J-th layer of N-layer elastic medium. The paper considers the case when the inclusion density of each grade coincides with the density of the host layer, and the elastic parameters of the inclusion of each grade differ from the elastic parameters of the host layer.