Selection and Orientation in the System of Long-Term Training of Young Athletes for Medium and Long Distance Running
This article examines topical problems and questions about the influence and effectiveness of various means and methods of physical exercises on health, the development of motor qualities, increased activity and maintaining a high level of the body’s working capacity, which are important life values for primary school children aged seven to nine. The aim of the study was to investigate the degree of influence of various types of physical exercises in terms of volume and intensity of performance and impact on the development of physical condition, working capacity and on the general state of health improvement of the body of children. The results obtained through the variance analysis showed that adaptation to systematic physical exercises and to the volumes of physical activity allowed children not only to increase their motor abilities, but also to increase their interest in sports. In addition, the intellectual attitude to physical education increased from childhood. Thus, in primary school children, at each physical education lesson and in extracurricular forms of classes, more varied game types of exercises were used. In addition, children performed such sports as athletics, gymnastics and basketball in optimal volumes and intensities, which adjusted the development of motor quality, and increased the physical performance of the body, interest and memory, psychological mood up to 80 % higher than in children compared with the children of the same age, who spent less time on physical education and sports. More than 70 % of children started specializing in medium and long distance running.