Some aspects of sheep breeding development in Russia and ways to improve the efficiency of its scientific support
Among the many branches of animal husbandry of our country, sheep breeding is characterized by a variety of production of high-value products in the form of wool, saski, sheepskin, meat, milk and fat. The article deals with some issues of development of sheep breeding and scientific support of the industry before 1990 and in subsequent periods of the present time. The attention is focused on the harmonious system of creation and improvement of sheep breeding in Russia by converting coarse-haired (rough - haired) sheep into fine-wool and semi-fine-wool breeds, as well as subsequent methods of improving sheep, including the method of australization of livestock. It reflects the state of production of sheep from 1990 to the present time and measures aimed at stabilizing the livestock and increasing the productivity of animals. To stabilize the number of sheep, increase and improve the quality of breeding and commercial products in farms of different categories, it is necessary to introduce into production the selection and technological methods developed by scientists to increase the productivity of animals. Recommended techniques allow you to quickly increase the prepotency of the resulting offspring and provide an effective result for crossing in commercial sheep breeding. At the same time, without proper feeding, no selection method will give positive results. Therefore, to provide livestock with cheap types of feed, scientific development of techniques and methods for improving pastures is necessary. At the same time, the profitability of sheep breeding is largely determined by the technology of lambing and rearing young animal. The developed resource-saving separate-contact method increases the profitability of the industry from 35 to 50%, improves the safety of young animals, the milkiness of Queens and the growth rate of lambs, increases and improves the complex of valuable economic and useful features with a significant reduction in all types of costs. However, the complex of selection and technological methods can be effectively implemented in farms of any form of ownership only if the economic mechanism of sheep production is observed. It is under such conditions that it will be possible to produce competitive livestock products, including sheep.