Efficiency of nutritional balancing of diets of dairy cows
This article presents the results of a study of the diets of dairy cows in two farms of the Omsk region with the same keeping technology. Household rations consist of energy, protein and expensive feed additives in excess of the feeding norms. The composition of the set of feeds for dairy cows proposed by us and the ec onomic ration are practic ally the same. In the proposed first ration, we reduce the amount of compound feed, cake and green mass, exclude wheat straw. As a result of a decrease in the distribution of the mass of feed, the amount of the daily total volume of the eaten feed increased. In the ration ofthe second farm, the amount of compound feed, cake, haylage and corn silage has also been reduced. We added beet molasses 500 g. The adjusted diets equalize the sugar-protein ratio, metabolizable energy, digestible protein per ECU, and phosphorus to calcium. By reducing coarse and concentrated feed with the introduction of molasses from beets, as well as a phosphorus additive. The performed balancing provides for a large energy output of 11.07-10.32 MJ with a reduced feed consumption, does not exceed ± 5% deviation from the norm and does not allow an imbalance in the animal body, which could lead to gastrointestinal disease, as well as to a decrease in productivity and premature rejection. The efficiency of keeping animals in economic terms is determined by an increase in the level of productivity, while reducing the cost of producing a unit of production. When determining the economic efficiency from the introduction of the proposed diets, real indicators of the cost of production and feed were used. Reducing the cost of feed per unit of production on the farm 18.40 - 11.78 rubles, increases the proceeds from manufactured products by 5.3 - 17.0%, which indicates a more efficient use of feed resources and an increase in production with the same feed. The developed diets for dairy cows allow more rational use of available feed, additional feeding and increase the productivity of animals.