Influence of mineral fertilizers on changes in biochemical composition of heterogeneous seeds of variegated alfalfa with bluegrass grasses on grey forest soils of the central region of Russia
Sustainable development of animal husbandry and feed production now can be characterized by a complex approach to the introduction of elements of intensive agricultural technologies, the main direction of which should be the rise of natural resource potential of agrocenoses and, as a result, achievement of the necessary amount of balanced carbohydrate-protein complex of highly nutritious feed. Until now, the structure of seeds of perennial grasses has been dominated mainly by bluegrass species. In the future, agricultural producers plan to expand the area of perennial grasses with an increase in the share of legume species in herbage mixtures. Perennial legumes in single and mixed sows are the main components in solving the problem of protein deficiency in the production of highly nutritious feeds. It is known that mixed (heterogeneous) sows of perennial legumes and bluegrass grasses have a clear advantage in productivity over single-species agrocenosis due to the fact that they are much more efficient in using nutrients from the soil and fertilizers, moisture, solar insolation due to the different structure of bush and root system of perennial grasses. When carrying out experiments in the fields of Bryansk SAU, a modern assortment of variable alfalfa and bluegrass perennial grasses was used. In herbage mixtures, the bean component varied from 40 to 50%. Seeding was carried out under the cover of annual ryegrass westerwold (Lolium westerwoldicum Wittm.), diploid variety Izorsky. As a legume component, we used variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.). The bluegrass component is represented by the meadow Timothy (phlum pratense L.),meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.), cocksfoot(Dactylis glomerata L.), smooth brome (Bromopsis inermis Leyss.). at the present time, the introduction of modern science-based fertilizer systems and technologies for the cultivation of heterogeneous seeds based on the inclusion of crops with productive longevity in their composition will solve the problem of increasing production highly nutritious feed.