THE PECULIARITY OF THE LATEST CRISIS OF HUMANITARIAN KNOWLEDGE
The article is one of four parts of the work devoted to the analysis of the way out of social and humanitarian knowledge and education from the next historical stage of the crisis, in which both humanities and humanitarian education found themselves from the last quarter of the XX century. The work examines the origins of the latest crisis of humanitarian knowledge, on the one hand, going back to the second half of the 19th century. The writings of Auguste Comte, the founder of classical positivism, have become a powerful catalyst for the ongoing debate. Its fundamental question was and remains the problem of identifying the scientific status of the social sciences and humanities. On the other hand, the causes of the latest crisis in the humanities go back to the last quarter of the 20th century, when it seemed to many that a saving way had been found for the dramatic state of humanitarian knowledge in a new conceptual and methodological paradigm of rejection of the paradigm of the search for transpersonal, objective factors that determine the development of society, characteristic of the functionalist paradigm. This aspect of the new paradigm is often referred to as the pragmatic turn, or «return of the subject». The first quarter of the 21st century again exacerbated the old controversy around the question of the scientific nature of knowledge about society and man, because in the context of the global ideological crisis, an acute need arose for new humanitarian knowledge that could not only save and protect old spiritual values, but also justify new experimental innovations being born today.