RISK FACTORS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Hepatocellular carcinoma is characterized by a steady increase in the number of diseases with a high percentage of deaths. The analysis of the literature data on the risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma is carried out. The most significant risk factors are cirrhosis of the liver, as well as infection with the hepatitis B virus and/or C. The presence of cirrhosis increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by more than 30 times. The incidence of carcinoma on the background of cirrhosis depends on its etiology. Post-virus cirrhosis predominates in most countries. The risk of the liver carcinoma development increase by 15-20 times in patients who are infected with HBV, compared with uninfected. In patients infected with HCV only, the risk of the liver hepatocellular carcinoma development increase about 17 times. In a number of countries, liver carcinoma, which is developed on the background of alcoholic liver cirrhosis of the liver, predominates. In recent years, the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and, accordingly, the development of carcinoma on its background has been progressively increasing. Diabetes and obesity are also important risk factors. The identification of the hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors contributes to the development of more effective methods of pathogenetic prevention and treatment, undoubtedly.