Biological Activity of Water-Soluble Nanostructures of Dihydroquercetin with Cyclodextrins
The biological properties of dihydroquercetin (DHO) modified by including it into the ring of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to give it more water-soluble properties have been investigated. It was shown that the peroral administration of the DHQ/β-CD complex provides a long increase of DHQ concentration in rat blood (up to 7.5 h), and, unlike pure DHQ, the complex does not accumulate in the liver. As DHQ is released from the complex, it penetrates into liposome membranes, changing their thermodynamic characteristics. DHQ decreases the specific heat absorption, enthalpies, and temperature maximum of lipid melting and increases the transition half-width. This property is used to estimate the stability of the DHQ/β-CD complex. It was shown that complex DHQ/β-CD is not stable, and DHQ molecules slowly leave the complex in water environment. Seven and a half hours after the peroral injection of drugs, DHQ was found in the blood plasma of rats to which water-soluble complex DHQ/βCD was injected and in the liver of rats to which free DHQ was injected. Thus, DHQ/βCD not only is a more water-soluble complex but also it slowly releases DHQ, supporting long a low concentration of the free form of DHQ and providing the penetration of DHQ into the blood stream. After several weeks of feeding оld mice with antioxidants, the activity of mitochondrial enzymes was restored to the level observed in young animals.