The cultural and linguistic landscape of a modern Siberian village as a result of cultural interaction (on the material of Beryozovka, a village in Pervomaysky District, Tomsk Oblast)
The aim of the article is to describe the cultural and linguistic landscape of the Beryozovka village, which is located in Pervomaysky District of Tomsk Oblast, a place of a compact residence of Estonians that was founded in 1902. The research material is audio recordings of the speech of six residents of Beryozovka, interviews with more than 10 villagers given to students of the Faculty of Journalism of Tomsk State University in 2007 for the media project Inner Estonia (http://www.siberia-estonia.ru/), photos of signboards, plates with the names of the streets and objects of the village, texts from the account Yanov Khutor in social networks. All the informants are descendants of immigrants from Estonia. Diverse research methods and procedures were used to analyze the cultural and language landscape of the village of Beryozovka. The description of the cultural and language landscape of the specified territory is carried out taking into account the following procedures: (1) identification of the connection of the language situation with the history, location, demographic characteristics of the village; (2) recording of villagers’ oral speech during field expeditions and using interview methods: thematic, focused and unfocused interviews; (3) characteristics of the language personalities of the village, determination of their types by proficiency in one or more languages, living in the village from birth or moving from other villages, cities or countries; (4) description of fragments of speech portraits of the villagers using the method of speech portraiture; (5) identification and description of discursive practices of this social and communicative space - for example, analysis of the linguistic component of the Jaanipaev (St. John’s Day) holiday or other national holidays, as well as different types of signs in the village. The author has found that different types of language personalities coexist in Beryozovka: bilinguals and monolinguals. Among the bilingual residents, there are representatives of active and passive Estonian-Russian bilingualism. The manifestation of Estonian-Russian bilingualism in the village is characteristic of the present time, but each next generation of native speakers lose their bilingualism. Russian is spoken by representatives of the older generation (octogenarians), and they use mainly Estonian, their children (sexagenarians) are bilinguals, but Russian has become active for them, the younger generation often speaks and understands Estonian less, most of them are already monolingual. The factors of the loss of the Estonian language are the lack of a language environment and school education, and communication in the family in Russian. The formation of the cultural and linguistic landscape was influenced by the first inhabitants of the village - Estonians, the Soviet era, the interaction of representatives of different ethnic groups. The author declares no conflicts of interests.