THE PHILOSOPHICAL LEGACY OF E. V. ILYENKOV AND THE LEFT POLITICAL THOUGHT OF THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY
The article examines the views of the famous Soviet Marxist philosopher E.V. Ilyenkov on the nature and development trends of the Soviet model of socialism in the context of economic discussions in the mid-60s of the XX century. The question of the nature of Soviet society and the reasons for the restoration of capitalism still remains one of the most controversial not only in the philosophical and political literature, but even in the narrow circles of the supporters of the Marxist concept themselves. The paradigms of neoliberalism about the happy market «end of history» and the «totalitarian Soviet past» cannot help us fully comprehend the phenomenon of Soviet socialism due to its apologetic, one-sidedness and outright class orientation towards the interests of big capital. Taking part in the economic discussion of 1965, Ilyenkov very clearly formulated the formational characterization of Soviet society as socialism, which is the first phase of communism or «immature" communism. He wrote: «socialism, which we have to study from the point of view of its economic anatomy and physiology, is only the first phase of communism - and in this sense, so to speak, «immature communism». The idea of E. V. Ilyenkov about the need for a strict «separation of powers» of market and planned-communist principles in the socialist economy is also considered. The author comes to the conclusion that at present the most important task of both domestic and foreign Marxist theorists is to create a synthesis of the idea of scientific and technological progress embodied in the works of V.M. Glushkov and the tasks of educating the "man of the future" revealed in the works of E.V. Ilyenkov.