INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN RICE CULTIVATION
The article presents the results of the influence of electrohydraulic treatment on the intensification of soil processes and the rate of soil desolation This article deals with the problem of water resources use in rice cultivation. A seedling technology of rice cultivation using pre-planting electrohydraulic tillage is proposed. The treatment modes and their influence on the soil mechanical composition, the content of the main mineral nutrition elements and the process of desalinization are determined. Introduction. The Krasnodar Territory occupies a leading position in Russia in the rice production. Rice cultivation requires a large amount of irrigation water. During the irrigation period, the volume of more than 4.2 billion cubic meters of irrigation water is withdrawn from the Kuban River annually [1]. Subsequently, in the form of waste water, there is a return to the water receivers. The waste water has increased mineralization, biogenic elements and herbicides concentration. This has a negative impact on the environmental situation of the water intake areas, which are often used as recreational areas. In the Russian Federation, the seedling technology of rice cultivation is constrained mainly by the lack of special equipment, and this factor entails large costs of manual labor. The issue of rational use of natural resources and improvement of the ecological situation both in the systems themselves and in the adjacent territories is considered last. The introduction of peasant farms in the structure of farming on agricultural land increased the likelihood of implementing the proposed technology, which allows to significantly save irrigation water, reduce the dose of mineral fertilizers and herbicides, increase and stabilize the yields of rice and related crops. Object. The object of research was the soil, chemical ameliorant in the form of semi-aqueous gypsum and rice plants in the vegetation experiment. The aim of the study is the effect of electrohydraulic soil and gypsum processing on changes in their mechanical composition, the content of mineral nutrients, the rate of desalination, the growth and development of rice plants under seedling technology. Materials and methods. We used standard methods in combination with empirical (observation, description, comparison, measurement) and theoretical (analysis and synthesis) methods. Results and conclusions. The optimal modes of soil and gypsum tillage under electrohydraulic treatment are determined. Data on the effect of electrohydraulic tillage on the main nutrients content and their transformation are obtained. Irrigation norms for different rice irrigation regimes are determined.