MYCOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF FODDERS FROM KUZHENERSKY REWGION, THE REPUBLIC OF MARI EL
The references show that spread of microscopic fungi that produce mycotoxins in various regions of Russia is poorly understood; therefore it is difficult to predict the emergence of mycotoxicoses. The aim of this research was to study the level of fodder contamination with fungi in Kuzhenersky region, the republic of Mari El. Sanitation and mycological assessment of fodders from Kuzhenersky region was carried out in chemical and toxicological laboratory of the Republican veterinary laboratory. The general toxicity of the samples was determined according to the State Standard No.R52337-2005. The mycotoxic content was calculated using bioautographic method and chromatography was carried out using Candida pseudotropicalis strain 44 strain culture. The mycological studies showed that the contaminated fodders were simultaneously contaminated with several species of the pathogenic fungi. The following species were identified in descending order: Aspergillus flavus and Asptrgillus niger gerera species were isolated in 27.3% of fodder samples, Mucor - 27%, Penicillium - in 11.9%, Risopus - in 11.9% Althernarium - to 6.1%, Cladosporium - to 2.9%, Trichoderma viride in 0.4% accordingly. The most toxigenic Fusarium species were not isolated in the study. The general toxicity studies showed that 17.5% of fodders were found as toxic, 24.9% - slightly toxic, and 57.6% - non-toxic.