Features of the epizootiological process for the main helminthiasis in cattle in the Amur region
The effectiveness of the fight against helminthiases depends on the knowledge of their epizootology, age and seasonal dynamics. The Amur Region is located in a sharp continental climate zone, which affects the living conditions and health status of farm animals, including the development of various parasitic diseases that negatively affect the productivity of farm animals. The biological cycles of helminths are characterized by seasonal dynamics of development, since most of them take place with the participation of intermediate hosts that are sensitive to changes in climatic conditions (temperature, amount of precipitation), as well as to other factors. The determination of the onset of infection timing, the most unfavorable seasons and the main types of helminths are necessary for the prevention of helminthiasis in each specific region. It has been established that the basis of the population structure of helminthiases in cattle under the conditions of the Amur Region is trongylatoses, strongyloidiasis, neoascariasis and moniesiasis. The first eggs and larvae of Strongylata spp. found in February - April. The greatest extent of invasion was observed in the winter period (February). Moniezia benedeni, as well as Neoascaris vitulorum, had the highest infection rates in the autumn-winter period. At the same time, in the annual dynamics, the first eggs of helminths in both species were found in February. Cases of detection of other helminths in cattle were first recorded mainly in the spring. Thus, the infection of cattle with helminths in the Amur Region does not depend on the grazing season, which should be taken into account when developing plans for anthelmintic measures in livestock farms.