Herbage and dry matter yield depending on the pea sowing rate
The article provide the results of researches on influence of sowing rate on the yield of herbage and dry matter of pea. To increase the pea yield along with the increase in the area under cultivation of new varieties with an increased content of protein and essential amino acids, it is also necessary to improve the its cultivation technology. The selection of optimal sowing rates for new pes varieties in the arid climate of the Orenburg region is relevant. The studies were carried out on two pea varieties of Samara Agricultural Research Institute of different morphotype: Samarius variety - leafless indeterminate, Flagman-12 variety - leafless determinant. Sowing rates from 0.6 to 1.4 million germinated seeds per hectare were studied with the difference between the variants of 0.2 million during the field experiments. The yield of herbage and dry matter was determined in two periods of harvesting: the budding phase and the bean formation phase. During the study the reliable deviations in the herbage and dry matter yield depending on the sowing rate were noted in certain years. The reaction of varieties to the sowing rate change was different. On average, for 3 years, with an increase of the sowing rate up to 1.4 million of germinated seeds per ha, a tendency to increase the yield of aboveground mass of harvesting moisture and dry matter during the budding phase in the Samarius variety has been observed. For Flagman-12 variety, when the sowing rate was reduced to 0.6 million of germinated seeds per 1 hectare, the yield of harvesting moisture increased during the bean production phase. Based on the results it is recommended for pea cultivation to set the sowing rate using green conveyor system at 1.0 to 1.4 million for Samarius variety, 0.6-1.0 million germinated seeds per hectare for Flagman-12 variety.