THE MONITORING OF IMPORTED CATTLE BLOOD SERA BY MICROAGGLUTINATION TEST (MAT) IN 2009-2014
Introduction. The article describes the results of the investigations of etiological structure for identified serovars in the studied blood sera of imported cattle stock in Ukraine for leptospirosis by microagglutination test (MAT).The purpose of the work: To conduct the monitoring of imported in Ukraine the cattle stock for the presence of leptospirosis carriers as well as sick animals during 2009 - 2014 years and to examine the etiological structure of identified Leptospira serovars in the studied blood sera.Materials and Methods. To achieve this aim 6816 samples of blood sera of cattle stock that are imported in Ukraine’s economy from Canada, the Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Hungary, France, the Czech Republic were investigated during 2009-2014 years by MAT.Results of research and discussion. It is demonstrated that the results of investigations were mixed during the period of study. So, the seropositive animals in the imports from the Czech Republic (2009), The Netherlands, France (2011), Germany (2012), and Canada (2013) were not detected. These animals did not need limitations and were suitable for use in the farms.In all other cases, among imported animals diagnosed the seropositive ones from: the Netherlands (2010, 2014), Germany (2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014), Poland (2013, 2014),Hungary (2012), France (2012, 2013), Czech Republic (2010-2014 years).It is typical that the seropositive animals had the diagnostic antibody titer to separate Leptospira serovars as well as to several ones of them.The article presents the data about domination of L.Icterohaemorrhagiae (53.7%). A mixture of antibodies to several serovars of Leptospira in 24.1% of the animals was diagnosed. The antibodies in respect of other serovars were distributed in animal populations from 10.5% to 0.08%.The appearance of large numbers of cattle with antibodies to several serovars (simultaneous infection of animals with different Leptospira serovars; the vaccination of animals by the vaccines preparations containing several serovars of Leptospira; a combination of infection and vaccination involving several serovars of Leptospira) are discussed. The methodological techniques to avoid the post-vaccination antibody from numbers of diagnostic ones are provided.The identification of infected animals among imported ones motivate to continuous serological monitoring.The purpose of such investigations is preventing the emissions of pathogen for Leptospira increased virulence and with altered biological properties on the Ukrainian territory.Despite the fact that the imported animals and animal products may have a risk of the disease, the authors carried out of a risk analysis using specific examples.The risk analysis was transparent because the results were reliable and their interpretation was unequivocally.Conclusions and prospects for further research. The hazard was identified (identified animals which are seropositive in respect of Leptospira), the risk was defined, a predisposition was considered (pathogen infects people, farm and wild animals). The relationship between addiction and the consequences of this tendency was into account when we determined the consequences. The consequences may be associated with a disease of domestic or wild animals or human caused leptospirosis as result of the emission of a new strain of the pathogen.The message about the risks carried out by registration of results of research in the form of expert conclusion.On the basis of research and analysis it was concluded that there is a high risk of introduction of the agent of leptospirosis in the economy of Ukraine.