Adaptogenic Effect of Humic Preparation in the Cultivation of Winter Wheat
The aim of the research was to determine the optimal dose of Granstar Pro herbicide in the tank mixture with BIO-Don humic preparation for the treatment of winter wheat crops. Granstar Pro is from the group of sulfonylureas. The design of the experiment included 4 doses of the herbicide: 10, 15, 20 and 25 g/ha. The variants with the inclusion of the humic preparation in the tank mixture and without it were compared. The dose of BIO-Don was 1 L/ha (in accordance with guidelines); the treatment of crops was carried out once in the tillering stage. Background variants (N34 + fungicide and N34 + fungicide + humic preparation) were used as controls. The adaptogenic effect of the humic preparation was evaluated by the yield, the dynamics of nutrients, and microbiological activity. As a result of three years of the research, it was found that the combination of the chemical protection means and the biologically active preparation provided higher yields of winter wheat grain compared to the background, the difference was 0.40-1.30 t/ha. Herbicide treatment also affected the grain quality of winter wheat: the gluten content decreased in all variants with the herbicide, however, the decrease was statistically significant only in doses of 20 and 25 g/ha; the protein content varied slightly. The introduction of the humic preparation into the tank mixture removed this negative effect in variants with the low dose of the herbicide. This was associated with a decrease in the toxic side effect of the use of herbicide in small and medium doses, which was likely due to increased secretion of root exudates by plants. An indirect evidence of the latter was the pronounced stimulating effect on soil micromycetes, both in the variant with humate without the use of the herbicide, and at its maximum dose. The use of the herbicide in high doses together with the humic preparation reduced the toxic effect, but did not completely eliminate it.