Factors of obtaining representative results of bioassay of aquatic environments (review)
The principles of bioassay state that differences in the responses of experimental organisms are due only to the action of the spectrum of chemicals present in the sample and absent in the control environment. However, under real conditions, the formation of a bioassay result is a multifactorial complex process. The first group of factors depends on the properties of the tested medium: qualitative and quantitative chemical composition, its stability, the presence and interaction of biogenic and potentially toxic substances. Secondly, the dependences of the biotest results on the selected test organism and its responses are considered. The third group of factors is formed by the researcher himself and includes: the maintenance conditions of the test culture, the state of the test culture at the time of the experiment, compliance with the requirements for the laboratory base, compliance with the experimental technique and other subjective aspects. World trends in the field of biodiagnostics of the state of the environment are aimed at unification and standardization of methods and technologies for conducting bioassay, taking into account many factors that can modify the final result of bioanalysis. The presented material can be used to interpret the results of bioassay of natural and man-made environments.