Value Orientations in the Traditional Culture of the Nivkhs(Based on the Folklore Materials)
The article analyzes the spiritual-moral and moral-ethic values that are reflected in the traditional Nivkh folklore. Most of them have universal human significance, but they were shaped by the habitat and ethno-cultural specifics of the indigenous Far Eastern peoples. Good heroes of Nivkh folklore are an example of a correct lifestyle bequeathed by ancestors, while negative characters are always punished for their unseemly actions. Oral texts are used in folk pedagogical practice. The most important values are related to kinship, natural environment, and priority of traditional culture. The author emphasizes the frank poetization of sublime love, which distinguishes the Nivkh folklore from the traditions of the neighboring Tungus-Manchu peoples. The possible influence of Japanese culture on the assessment of the problem of suicide is noted. The study showed transformation of a number of value concepts under the influence of changing reality.