The Contradictory Nature of Ethnic Status as Factor of Territorial Disintegration
The article is devoted to the analysis of a role of ethnostatus discrepancy in determination of processes of territorial disintegration. Are fixed the main driving forces of ethnic separatism in refraction on an ethnostatus perspective. As major factors of formation and development of ethnic separatism is allocated the discontent with the most part of ethnogroup with her collective status and the activity of ethnic elite or counterelite directed to stimulation of ethnomobilization activity of groups with the separatist purposes. Is stated the impossibility of exception of a complex a determinant of ethnic separatism of both the subjective, and objective ethnostatus indicators forming difficult system of interactions. Is proved the definition of an ethnopolitical conflictness as property of the ethnostratified social systems. With a support on resource approach to social stratification in P. Bourdieu's treatment, as the main markers defining the ethnostatus provision of ethnic communities are selected the economic and political statuses. Examples of ethnic separatism in Sardinia, the State of Tripura, on the Faroe Islands, in Kosovo are reviewed. On the basis of manifestations of territorial disintegration in foreign countries influence of ethnostatus discrepancy on the separatist movements in the conditions of transformation of stratification systems is analyzed, the interrelation of status claims of subjective character and objective ethnostatus indicators in the specified processes is traced, degree and forms of impact of ethnostatus discrepancies on emergence and development of ethnic separatism is defined. On the basis of the analysis of appearance of ethnic separatism it is proved that discrepancy of the ethnic status can act as an etnosepatratizm source, and the driving force influencing the conflict. Discrepancy between the subjective and objective political status is actively formed in situations of transformation of socio-political bases of multiethnic societies. Discrepancy of the objective political status of ethnic communities and his subjective perception has the largest conflict potential promoting territorial disintegration.