ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS "POLIKON" ON CARBON & GRAPHITE FELT "CARBOPON" RAYON BASED AND NOVOLAC PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE FIBER
The influence of the chemical nature, structural features of the fibrous substrate on the kinetics and thermodynamic processes of formation of the ion-exchange matrix on the surface and in the volume of the fibers was investigated. The study of the course of the polycondensation reaction on various fiber systems showed that the total thermal effects of the polycondensation reaction on the carbon fiber are higher than on the novolac phenol-formaldehyde fiber. We also observed a shift in the temperature maximum of the synthesis and curing process to higher temperatures. For the first time, the possibility of using carbon-graphite felt as fibrous filler and the promise of obtaining materials “Polikon” at “Carbopon-22” was shown. Polikon materials on carbon-graphite felt reveal intensification of the processes of wetting and retention of the monomerization composition, while the speed of the synthesis and curing processes at Carbopon-22 is lower and, accordingly, the temperature maximum is shifted to higher temperatures. It is noted that the degree of swelling of cation-exchange materials formed on “Carbopon-22” is 6-11% higher than that of materials obtained on Novolac phenol formaldehyde fiber, which suggests the formation of inter-chain permeability of the polymer matrix, as well as higher porosity. The influence of the chemical nature of the fibers on the kinetics and thermodynamics of the process of obtaining highly efficient chemisorption materials «Polikon» was shown.