MODERN APPROACHES TO MANAGEMENT OF PROFESSIONAL STRESSES
The relevance of the study of occupational stress and approaches to their management due to the fact that stress has an impact on the financial, social and psychological stability of the organization and the status of staff. Therefore, to know the current approaches to managing stress is important to both managers and employees themselves. The concept and the symptoms of stress are described, are investigated stressors presented by domestic and foreign scholars. The variety of stress factors leads to the understanding that universal approaches to stress management does not exist. Three approaches to stress management were presented. In accordance with the first approach, the stress factors are divided into two groups: stress factors depending on the organization and stress factors that depend on the individual. Accordingly, stress management techniques are divided into stress management techniques at the organizational level (social support, psychological training, rehabilitation programs, relaxation techniques, counseling) and stress management techniques at the level of the individual (time management, psychotherapy, exercise, training in dealing with stress). In the second approach, stress management is carried out in three main areas: optimization of the correspondence between the requirements on the part of the organization and capabilities of employees; effects on cognitive assessment of employees regarding readiness to overcome difficult situations professionally; control responses to stressors professional activities. The third approach is presented in three areas of stress management: primary prevention - the removal or reduction of stressors in the workplace, secondary prevention - taking measures to alleviate the impact of the manifestations of stress symptoms in workers tertiary prevention - providing confidential counseling to employees.