Ethics of science: the responsibility of the modern scientist
The article is devoted to the analysis of the modern state of science ethics. The question of the possibility and problems of ethics interference in scientific rationality is raised. From a philosophical point of view, preliminary answers to the following questions are given: How is it possible to include ethics in the scientific mind? Who is responsible for the destructive impact of scientific discoveries and technical inventions: the scientist or the consumer of technology? How to organize and establish ethical control over experimental science? What is the ethic able to productively interact with the technological rationality? The necessity of essential transformations of modern ethics of science in connection with global changes in the ratio "social - natural", the impact of scientific discoveries and technologies on human nature. The solution of the mentioned questions in the philosophy of science of the last few decades is observed. The opposition of "interference - non-interference" of ethical criteria in the goal-setting of scientific activity is analyzed. In addition to the well-known concepts of Kuhn, Lakatos, Feyerabend, the attention of the authors of the article focuses on the modern ideas of Hans Jonas, who argues that the responsibility of man of science today acquires a truly universal scale. The very need for a new ethics Jonas justifies the fact that humanity is on the verge of death, being unable to control their own power over nature and their own nature. The ethics of science Jonas revealed in the categories of being and nothing, responsibility and fear, it involves primarily responsibility for the existence of humanity and fear of its non-existence. There is a preliminary recommendation on the consolidation of the scientific community, commercial structures and political forces, on the basis of which it is possible to form effective, modern, existing ethical requirements for the responsibility of the scientist and science as such.