THE MOVEMENT OF WORKERS’ AND RURAL CORRESPONDENTS OF THE SOVIET PERIOD IN RUSSIAN JOURNALISM AS A SOCIO-HISTORICAL AND SOCIOCULTURAL PHENOMENON
The relevance of this study lies in the social nature of the emergence and development of the printed word, periodicals, journalism, the media and communication. The social nature of the periodical press implies mass media, the presence of a developed, mature, nationally (state) oriented social base. The social nature of the press, especially at the beginning of its development, is characterized by the emergence of visible elements of civil society in it. In the modern world, the importance of information, means of information influence of various nature on the population is growing. Naturally, with creation of political parties, the approval of ideological diversity and change of economic formation of society, periodicals and journalism lose the initial functions of informing, dissemination of information, education and upbringing and turn into means of opposition, distortion of historic facts and events, conducting hybrid (dirty) wars, processings public consciousness, introduction of numerous phobias including russophobia, and throw-in of false (fake) news. In this regard, it is important to consider all events (heroic and tragic) of the twentieth century in Russia as an organic part of national (domestic) history. This is also directly related to the history of Soviet journalism, as well as the emergence and development of the mass movement of workers’ and rural (public) correspondents. This unique phenomenon should be assessed as a socio-historical and sociocultural phenomenon. Suffice it to say that the movement of workers’ and rural correspondents in the Soviet periodicals numbered about seven million representatives of all segments of the population - workers, peasants, scientists, teachers, doctors, cultural workers, military personnel, students and pupils. Moreover, two thirds of them were in Russia.