Psychological characteristics of young men of Novosibirsk, depending on the type of constitution
The authors presented a constitutional approach that can find application not only in predicting and treating diseases, correcting and treating disorders at any level of the organization of the living system, but also in health-improving work, as well as psychological and pedagogical activity. The article presents research data on psychological indicators in young men aged 18-20 years of different types of constitution (119 young men, distributed by type: asthenic, normosthenic and hypersthenic). The authors studied the assessment of mental states (according to Eysenck), the level of reactive and personal anxiety (Ch.D. Spilberger, Yu.L. Khanin), the level of destructive tendencies (according to Bass-Darki), socio-psychological adaptation (a technique developed by C. Rogers, R. Diamond, adapted by A.K. Osnitsky), assessment of temperament (according to the Eysenck technique), personality behavior strategy in conflict interaction (according to the method of C. Thomas). As a psychodiagnostic technique, the authors used R. Kettel's 16-factor personality questionnaire, adapted Kapustina A.N. As a result of the study, psychological portraits of each type of constitution are formed. Characteristics of asthenics: a high level of anxiety, neuroticism, a low level of frustration, rigidity, hostility, aggressiveness, acceptance of others; ambivalence; emotional instability, subordination, expressiveness, timidity, rigidity, suspicion, practicality, diplomacy, anxiety, conservatism. Characteristic of normosthenics: high level of anxiety, frustration, hostility, aggressiveness, neuroticism, low level of rigidity, emotional comfort and adaptation; ambivalence; high intellectual level, desire to dominate, expressiveness, high normative behavior, courage, credulity, practicality, diplomacy, radicalism, tension. Characteristics of hypersthenics: low level of anxiety, aggressiveness, hostility, neuroticism; high level of frustration, rigidity, acceptance of others, emotional comfort, adaptation; introversion, rivalry; emotional stability, restraint, sensitivity, reverie, straightforwardness, calm, conservatism, relaxation.