TILLING CAPACITY SYSTEM OF GENETIC DETERMINANTS FOR SOFT WINTER WHEAT
Variability and genetic system determinants the tilling capacity from hybrids F1 of soft winter wheat in diallelic crossings was studied. The most informative for genetic of quantitative traits in plants is diallelic analysis all known types. The researcher has a complex of all genes combinations possessed by the parental forms at such way a crossings. The difficulties in their implementation are compensated by the diversity for hybrid material. The experiment was conducted in Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (Omsk) in 2013-2014. The article presents the results of the studding 5 varieties and 1 line of native and foreign origin and their diallelic hybrids. Winter wheat is a crop which required high fertility soil. High biological potential yield it can be realized only when there is genetic protection against abiotic and biotic stressors and appropriate growing conditions. Genetic control of the tilling capacity trait is determined mainly by additive-dominant genes system. That is leads to the overriding genetic formulas (set of genes) of productive tilling capacity under the environmental conditions. The genetic instability of the control system of this trait operates by both dominant and recessive genes. So the selection of unique genotypes are greatly make difficulties, because of variability of meteorological factors. Despite of all difficulties, the selection on tilling capacity trait should begin in early hybrid generations (from F2). Varieties of winter wheat Minskaya and Zalarinka for wetting conditions, and variety Splav for drought conditions are offered as the donors.