The results of research trials and testing of new technologies to combat surface fires
The brief analysis of inflammability of the woods of Russia is provided. It is established that by a number of the objective and subjective reasons it increases. In 2014 their inflammability reached record index at the average level of fire danger in the woods under the terms of weather that testifies to decrease in level of protection of forests from fires in regions. As practice shows, the majority of forest fires are surface. For the purpose of increase of efficiency of fight against them by authors the new technology of a stop and localization of the centers of ignition by means of the fire- prevention screen from silica fabric was developed. The design of an experimental sample of the screen and its technical characteristics is presented in article, the technique of research tests, and also approbations of the fire-prevention screen at localization of the beginning fires is given. In 2014 research tests and approbation of the fire-prevention screen were carried out in the Lipovsky forest area of the Luga region of the Leningrad region and in the Gelendzhik forest area of Krasnodar Krai with the participation of FBU “Avialesookhrana” and State Budgetary Institution Regional Forest Fire Center. Representatives of Ministry of Natural Resources, Management of forestry of Krasnodar Krai and the Gelendzhik branch of regional rescue service “KUBAN- RESCUE” also took part in tests. Tests and approbation showed high efficiency of use of the fire-prevention screen for localization of local forest fires of various intensity on not cluttered up timberland, prevention of transition of fire from agricultural floors on lands of forest fund and protection of the objects adjoining on the woods against the natural fires. The comparative assessment executed by authors showed that the developed technology of a stop and localization of the local fires by means of the fire-prevention screen is more effective, than the basic technologies applied for this purpose now and can be used in very wide range of forest vegetation conditions.