BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY, EDUCATION AND MEDITATION: THE TOPICALITY OF THE NALANDA TRADITION
The article considers the issues of topicality for modern humanity and, especially, for Russia of the rational content of the Indo-Tibetan system of Buddhism - a critical philosophy that «empties» the realistic ontology and reveals the gnoseological roots of negative emotions and behavior, the philosophical education - the knowledge of the basic doctrines of Buddhism (the Four Noble Truths, the Rangtong doctrine of emptiness) and the methods of one-directional and analytical meditation used for achieving deep and stable positive changes of consciousness. The main idea is that the «internal» science of Buddhism which is founded on the theory of valid cognition due to Dignaga and Dharmakirti and, in general, on the Nalanda philosophical tradition is a theoretical basis of the path of gradual improvement of personality by means of various techniques which are ordered in a substantiated system and are practically effective. These knowledge and techniques have universal significance and application.