CAPABILITIES OFFERED BY VSP WHEN PROCESSING AND INTERPRETING ONSHORE 2D/3D SEISMIC DATA
The fact that VSP is playing an increasingly bigger role during land seismic data processing and interpretation can be explained by the need to reach a new level of data processing and interpretation with more precise and detailed geological results. This level cannot be attained without accounting for certain aspects of wavefield imaging, evaluating its relationship with a geological medium and monitoring how this relationship changes during the processing stage. The methodology of such studies is only now beginning to be developed and capabilities offered by VSP are still not fully addressed by geophysicists working with seismic data. This paper looks at the most pertinent problems that can be solved through VSP to improve the quality of both processing and interpretation of land seismic data. A number of problems requires the elaboration of specialized techniques and practices of borehole observations involving different modifications, including VSP 2D and VSP 3D. The efficiency of utilising VSP data increases with a greater density of studied wells drilled within a seismic survey area. By analysing data areally, we can establish a relationship between variations in velocity characteristics as well as properties of reflections and variations in depositional environments, more thoroughly control the quality of land seismic data processing and substantiate the best possible criteria for structural and dynamic interpretation, which may vary across different parts of the survey area.