University students’ physical and technical training in long jumps within the GTO Complex
The purpose of the study was to develop the methodology for differentiated physical and technical training of university students in long jumps from the running start within the framework of the GTO complex. Methods and organization of the study. To determine the indicators of physical fitness, test tasks were used, based on which the levels of development of physical qualities were determined, and the formation of technical characteristics was revealed by comparing the calculated and actual indicators of the long jump. The study involved 126 students of the Russian State Social University. Results of the study and their discussion. During the study period, the physical and technical readiness of students changed in both groups, but the changes were of a specific nature. The students of the experimental group significantly (five percent significance level) improved the results of the accuracy of hitting the bar (from 18.3 cm to 10.3 cm, 43.7%), the results of the standing long jump (from 2.25 cm to 2.39 cm, 6.2%), 20 m run on the move (from 2.57 s to 2.44 s, 5.1%), long jump with a run (from 4.65 m to 5.03 m, 8 .2%), takeoff speed (from 6.61 m/s to 7.32 m/s, 10.7%), takeoff run (from 22.8 m to 26.9 m, 18.0%), ratio takeoff speed and maximum running speed (from 0.85 to 0.99, 16.5%). In the control group, only the indicators of the standing long jump changed significantly (from 2.27 cm to 2.35 cm, 3.5%). Other indicators in students of the control and experimental groups also improved, but not significantly. Consequently, the ratio of the levels of physical and technical readiness of students plays an important role in choosing the direction of the educational process in physical culture when studying the long jump from a run. The greatest increase in results in running long jumps is achieved by students with a balanced level of development of special physical qualities and sufficient level of formation of the technical characteristics of the jump. This will allow each student of the university to create the reliable base for achieving high and stable results at the subsequent stages of education at the university.