Morphological characteristics of the organs of the immune system of rats in case of administration of different doses of the polyfunctional phytopreparation “Urticostim”
The article presents the results of a histological study of the organs of the immune system (thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes) of animals after the introduction of various doses of a multifunctional phytopreparation with uterotonic, ruminatory, hemostatic and anti-inflammatory effects, developed for the treatment and prevention of certain diseases of the postpartum period in cows. It was found that daily subcutaneous injection of the phytopreparation “Urticostim” at a therapeutic dose of 0.1 ml/kg of animal weight does not cause structural changes in the thymus. Subcutaneous injection of the phytopreparation in toxic doses (1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg of animal weight) causes a decrease in the cortical/medullary ratio by 1.9 times if compared with the control group, which is due to the migration of thymocytes to peripheral immune organs and tissues. The predominance of lymphoid follicles with germinal centers in the spleen and high GPI in rats of this group indicate the processes of stimulation of the humoral link of the immune system in rats when they are injected with a therapeutic dose of a phytopreparation. High doses of the phytopreparation “Urticostim” (1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg of animal weight, respectively) lead to structural changes in the thymus, characterized by a thinning of the density of the cortical zone and a decrease in the cortical/medullary ratio by 1.9 times. An increase in the number of lymphoid follicles with germinal centers in the lymph nodes and high rates of GPI and the paracortical zone reflect the response of T- and B-cell activation in the body to the introduction of the phytopreparation. The data obtained reflect a similar, but differing in severity, nature of the response of the thymus, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes to the introduction of various doses of the phytopreparation “Urticostim”.