PROBLEM ISSUES IN THE ELIMINATION OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER IN INSTITUTIONS OF THE MAIN DEPARTMENT OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARIY SERVICE IN THE SVERDLOVSK REGION
The aim of the study was to analyze the epizootic situation for African swine fever in the institutions of the Main Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service in the Sverdlovsk Region in 2021-2022, to identify problematic issues in the elimination of ASF in the institutions of the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Department of Infectious and Non- Contagious Pathology of the Ural State Agrarian University and the Veterinary Service of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia at the Main Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service for the Sverdlovsk Region in cooperation with the Department of the Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance for the Sverdlovsk Region. The object of the study were pigs kept in institutions of the Main Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service in the Sverdlovsk Region. The material for the study was pathological material obtained from dead pigs and from samples of food products (pork in half carcasses). Molecular genetic studies by PCR in the laboratory diagnostic center (LDC) of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal Center for Animal Health» (FSBI «ARRIAH») and the Sverdlovsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory. In 2021, in the institutions of the Main Directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service in the Sverdlovsk Region, 2 outbreaks of African swine fever out of 11 registered in the Sverdlovsk Region and 6 African swine fever-infected objects out of 9 identified in the Sverdlovsk Region were registered. The source of infection is Frozen Pork in half carcasses, with a veterinary brand 10-13-03, produced by Donskoy Meat Processing Plant LLC (Rostov-on-Don) from raw materials produced by APK AgroFood LLC (Belgorod Region) supplied under a state contract concluded with MIT LLC (Rostov-on-Don). At the moment, the legal field is based on a conflict of interest between the owners of animals and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the timing of the decision on the withdrawal of pigs and pig products by the highest executive body of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is not regulated, while every day of delay in this situation may contribute to the further spread infections and can lead to serious consequences. In order to prevent the occurrence of ASF in institutions of the penitentiary system, the following urgent measures should be taken: 1. To bring the biological protection of institutions engaged in pig breeding to the level III or IV of the compartment, and if it is impossible to transfer to alternative types of animal husbandry, or completely abandon pig breeding. 2. All pig products purchased from third-party suppliers entering institutions should be subjected to laboratory tests for the presence of the ASF virus. 3. Exclude the supply of pig products purchased from third-party suppliers to pig breeding establishments.