The emergence principle as a basis of developing an essentially new approach in studying the genesis of the learned helplessness
The article presents an attempt to create the new methodological fundamentals for the researches devoted to the learned helplessness genesis. The current state of psychological science in the field of studying the helplessness phenomenon is described. We urged the importance to study not only the entities of the learned helplessness but its genesis also. One of the methodological problems of modern psychology is the importance of searching the emergent features of scientific systems (concepts) in the course of combining the existing systems in definitely new concepts. We highlighted the role of the person's subjective perception of his past experience, relevant situation and events of his present life and also the ideas of his own future in the context of studying the learned helplessness genesis. It is expedient to carry out the study of learned helplessness genesis (M. Seligman) taking the concept of cultural and historical development of mentality (L.S. Vygotsky) as a base considering the fact that it is obviously possible to trace mechanisms of learned helplessness symptoms formation in a similar way to the processes of interiorization of the sign system in the course of ontogenetic development described by L.S. Vygotsky. In the question of making clear the factors determining the learned helplessness genesis it is important to consider a role of society within which a child's identity is formed and developed. Behavior models of immediate adult environment representatives, their attributive style to the events of their own life and events of the child's life is a prerequisite to formation of personal optimism / pessimism of the child which, being, in fact, a type of attribution allows (or doesn't allow) arising and fixing the learned helplessness phenomenon. The evolution of a child gets special in a disease situation. From this point of view in studying the learned helplessness genesis in the course of ontogenesis it is important to consider the emergence of special, qualitatively different situation of child evolution, formation of the specific child / parental relations in a disease situation that forms an internal picture of a disease which is also the significant construct refracting through itself all events of the outside world and processes of the internal plan. Studying the learned helplessness genesis is achievable in a situation of increasing the importance of person's subjective perception of his own life stages experience, namely, a research of the endured experience of the past, measurement of the available present, promotion of rather foreseeable and vast future hypotheses - with the use of transspective analysis principles by V.E. Klochko.