THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POSTGRADUATE EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF REFORMS IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
Numerous reforms in the higher education system have significantly changed the status of the postgraduate studies, which have become the third stage of higher education. Against the background of the devaluation of the status of a higher school teacher in society and the reduction in the number of universities throughout the country, the interest of young professionals in building a career in higher education has fallen. At the same time, the availability of postgraduate studies for the population has also decreased, mainly due to the increase in the cost of training, since in order to get to the third stage of higher education, the costs of mastering the previous two increase. In addition, the opportunities for implementing the research potential of graduate students when writing a dissertation have narrowed, which was influenced by the growth of the formalization of the learning process due to an increase in the burden on graduate students to meet the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard. In the course of the study, it was found that the number of graduate students, both accepted for training and released, decreased in all federal districts, and this affected the release to a greater extent - in 2015, the share of graduate students released from the number of accepted on average remained at the level of 80%, and in 2019 it dropped to the level of 60%. The efficiency of graduate students ' graduation has also decreased, which is reflected in a decrease in the share of those who complete postgraduate studies with the defense of a dissertation, and the number of those who defended the dissertation in 2019 decreased by as much as 65.0% compared to 2015. The established negative trends in the development of postgraduate studies in recent years pose a real threat to the development of the human resources potential of higher education and the research environment of the Russian Federation.