Gnoseological and Ontological Approaches to Psychological Research: Historical and Theoretical Analysis
The methodological basis of the vast majority of psychological studies is the fact that they belong to the gnoseological or ontological approach. To make the necessary conditions that provide the possibility of generating a real form of existence of the psyche in the form of this or that psychic reality an object of study, it is necessary to understand on what grounds and how to build the logic of the study whose subject is the conditions ensuring the possibility of its generation in the immediate mental process (act). Our studies show that a necessary condition for this is an ontological definition of the psyche as a natural form of existence that takes its actual form of existence in the process of establishing the system "subject of psychic reality - environment", which, thus, becomes an ontological entity for forming the psychic reality as a form of being and as an object of study of the psyche.