THE DYNAMICS OF TUBERCULOSIS INCIDENCE RATE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS AND NEARBY COUNTRIES
Tuberculosis is one of the most actual present medicine problems. This dis-ease harms to people’s morbidity and to economics of all countries at the world. In 2015 10,4 million people got ill and 1,8 million people (including 0,4 million people with HIV) died because of tuberculosis. Due to WHO efforts to implement modern international strategies of struggle with tuberculosis in all world is ob-serving a positive dynamics of basic epidemiological indexes. Implementation of state programs to struggle with tuberculosis in the Republic of Belarus allowed achieving signiﬁ cant results in reducing tuberculosis morbidity. Comparison analysis of the epidemiological indexes of tuberculosis morbidity among Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Kazakhstan is a very important for a right mark of the situation with tuberculosis in the explored countries [1, 2]. Work target is: tuberculosis incidence rate dynamics analysis in the Repub-lic of Belarus by comparison with Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Kazakhstan. Analysis of the statistical WHO data about tuberculosis incidence in nearby countries for 2000-2015 years, national Republic of Belarus statistics data.Tuberculosis incidence in analyzable region varies from 91 per 100.000 people in the Ukraine till 18 per 100.000 people in Estonia (difference in 5 times). Tuberculosis incidence in the Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Russia is com-pared and signiﬁ cantly higher than in other region countries. The highest inci-dence rate was registered in Kazakhstan in 2004 (202 per 100.000 people), but Kazakhstan morbidity index was under Ukraine (89 and 91 per 100000 people to 2015). World tuberculosis incidence peak, which was in 2004 year, practically coincided with maximum indexes in Kazakhstan, Russia and the Ukraine. In oth-er region countries tuberculosis morbidity peak overcame earlier. The leaders in terms of reducing the morbidity from 2000 till 2015 are Estonia (-4,69 % in a year), Latvia (-4,43%) and Kazakhstan (-3,31%). Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and HIV-associated tuberculosis (HIV-TB) are unresolved issues. Signiﬁ cant dissemination DR-TB is distinguish-ing in analyzable region (except Poland - 0,9% in 2015). The highest levels of DR-TB are in Republic of Belarus (67,3%) and Kazakhstan (56,2%) in 2015. Since 2014 total number of persons discharging tuberculosis bacteria decreased and amount of DR-TB cases stabilized with a decreasing tendency.The HIV-TB level in the analyzable countries varies in 12,6 times. Combi-nation tuberculosis with HIV infection is distinguishing only at 1,9% patients with tuberculosis in Poland. This problem is most actual in Latvia (24%) and Ukraine (22%). Russia and Estonia have same HIV proportion - 10 %. Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Lithuania have comparatively low HIV level.Conclusions: 1. Signiﬁ cant reducing the tuberculosis incidence with different terms of reducing is distinguishing in analyzable region. The leaders are Kazakhstan, Lat-via and Estonia. 2. Signiﬁ cant DR-TB dissemination is a global problem of all explored countries especially for Belarus and Kazakhstan.3. HIV-TB proportion is growing in all countries of region, but the highest proportion is in Latvia and Ukraine.