MODERNISATION OF THE ENTERPRISE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR CONTROL OF ECOLOGICAL-HYGIENIC RISKS OF THE INDUSTRIAL CITY
Subject: ecological justification of modernization of the enterprise within the framework of formation/development of conditions for sustainable development of industrial city. Research objectives: selection of a complex of the technical and organizational decisions that allow us to reach target (permissible) limits of dispersion of harmful emissions, thereby, having minimized the risks of damage to the environment and health of the population. Materials and methods: as primary materials, we used forms of the state statistical reporting “2tp-air”, volumes of maximum permissible emissions of the enterprise-the model site, data about technical and organizational decisions to reduce emissions to the atmosphere. The main methods of the research: geoinformation modeling, functional zoning, the structural analysis. Results: we simulated dispersion of priority pollutant of the leading source of construction dust emissions in the region, and we classified, by the degree of ecological and hygienic risk, the territory of the model site - town of Mikhaylovka. The activities to reduce the range of dispersion of harmful emissions are selected in the form of modernization of technological processes, installation of dust filters, improvement of the ventilation system, carrying out other organizational and technical activities to prevent the spread of dust on the territory of the enterprise and beyond. The environment protection effect of the activities proposed for realization is estimated. Proposals for further development of the analyzed industrial city are formulated. Conclusions: 1. The proposed solutions on modernization of the enterprise allow us to reduce the range of dust dispersion in concentrations that are more than maximum permissible concentration (MPC) by 2.6 times (bringing them to the required limits); 2. The population living under the influence of dust in concentration of 0.5-1 MPC, for which there is a risk of long-term health effects, will be reduced from 43 000 to 6 000 people; 3. The proposed activities for reduction of dust dispersion limits in all rhumbs contributes to the urban development of the previously contaminated territories, for example, for recreational purposes; 4. Various combinations of engineering and organizational solutions of modernization of the enterprise allow us to control ecological and hygienic risks on the territory depending on the priority goals, plans, needs for urban development of the industrial city.