Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and New Opportunities in Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Objective of the Review: To present mechanisms of system and cardioprotective action of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 receptor agonists); to describe their efficiency and role in primary prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) following large randomised clinical cardiovascular safety trials from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. Key Points. Clinical trials showed that GLP-1 receptor agonists can have marked positive effect for glycated haemoglobin and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, systolic blood pressure, body weight, and some drugs from this group can significantly reduce the rate of primary composite cardiac end point 3P-MACE, irrespective of history of cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion. GLP-1 receptor agonists exhibit proven advantages for cardiovascular outcomes. Therefore, they are drugs of choice in therapies of DM2 patients. GLP-1 receptor agonists can increase the efficiency of not only secondary, but also primary prevention of cardiovascular complications.