Characteristics of Inulinases: Methods for Regulation and Stabilization of their Activity
The review is a result of summarizing of the information concerning inulinases and their producers. A special attention is paid to the methods for the regulation of inulinase activities, characteristics of heterogeneous preparations based on immobilized enzymes and ways of their application. Inducers of the inulinase syntheses were analyzed and dependencies of the catalytical activities of these enzymes on various activators, inhibitors and metal ions were established. Microorganisms from various taxonomical groups (bacteria, yeast, actinomyces, fungi, and also some higher plants) can be used as inulinase producers. It was shown that immobilization is one of effective ways for regulation and stabilization of the enzyme activity. An assumption that mechanisms for stabilization of the immobilized enzyme preparations under the action of extreme pH values, temperatures, and other denaturing agents are mainly similar and are connected first of all with changes in the mobility of the tertiary protein structure that is responsible for the formation of enzyme-substrate complex was put forward. In general, the choice of one or another method for inulina-se immobilization depends on research tasks and prospects of using the preparation in this or that area of science or technology.