THE INFLUENCE OF AVAILABLE MOISTURE ON THE STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT AND SPRING BARLEY DEPENDING ON THE METHODS OF BASIC SOIL TILLAGE UNDER ADAPTIVE FARMING SYSTEMS OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN REGION
The article presents the research materials obtained in the conditions of the Northern Caspian sea area, which helped to enrich the problem under research with new knowledge and prove that the maximum reserve of spring moisture was accumulated in the variants of the chisel soil tillage with the the working bodies of the "Rancho" with loosening to 0.35 m and plowing with the plow PN-4-35 to a depth of 0.20-0.22 m, which, on average, during the years of experiments, was 48.3 and 47.7 mm, respectively. The minimum reserve of productive moisture was accumulated in the variant of fine tillage and amounted to 44.6 mm. By the end of summer, these differences became almost equal. Thus, in the variant of the chisel treatment with the working bodies of the "Rancho" with loosening to 0.35 m in August, the average for the research years remained 39.2 mm, and in the variant of fine treatment of BDT-3 to a depth of 0.10-0.12 m - 31.8 mm. In the variant of the chisel treatment with the working bodies of the "Rancho" with loosening to 0.35 m, all individual indicators of winter wheat and spring barley were the greatest. Also in this variant of tillage the maximum yield of both winter wheat and spring barley was obtained and the average for the research years was 1.82 and 1.41 t/ha, respectively. In the variant of fine tillage of BDT-3 to a depth of 0.10-0.12 m, it was minimal and amounted to 1.29 and 0.76 t/ha, respectively.