The role of wild fauna animals for rabies spreading in the Republic of Tatarstan
Rabies control measures include prophylactic immunization of domestic and farm animals, oral vaccination of wild carnivores, trapping of stray dogs as well as measures to regulate the number of wild animals. Due to vaccination it is possible to form some immune layer among animals for further preventing the spread of rabies and reducing infection rates. The reservoir and the main delivery vector for rabies pathogen in the Republic of Tatarstan are mainly wild carnivores. The purpose of these studies was to establish the dependence for detecting the cases of rabies among farm animals in the Republic of Tatarstan on anti-epizootic measures carried out in wild fauna. The statistical data were processed according to the following indicators: the habitat of foxes, the population density, the amounts of anti-epizootic measures taken (number regulations and amounts of oral vaccination). The data on the total number of detected cases of rabies in domestic animals, farm animals and animals in the wild fauna were studied for during 2013-2018. Taking into account that the largest number of detected cases of rabies in wild animals falls on foxes, the information on the relationship between preventive anti-epizootic measures and the number of cases of rabies detected in them, as well as the detection of cases of rabies in domestic and farm animals was analyzed. It was established that an increase in the amount of oral vaccine for layout in the habitats of wild animals along with measures to regulate their numbers, starting from 2015, the number of detected fox cases decreased. The same situation was observed with domestic and farm animals