Modification of Biodegradable Polymeric Compositions by Waste of Food Production
It is developed the extruding process of production of the modified degradable biohybrid compositions (BHC) on the basis of the waste of low-density polyethylene with the use of waste of various food manufactures (WFM) and bentonite in a quantity of 2% by weight of a mixture. Bentonite raised breaking stress of BHC with all types of WFM 2.6-3.8 times, relative lengthening - 1.4-2.4 times, in comparison with initial polyethylene waste (strength more than 4 МРа). The best effect was observed for ВНС with cacao bean, rice and beet husk. At the presence of bentonite, the raised quantity of filler - up to 30% is included in the composition of BHC. The dynamics of biodegradation of BНC was investigated under natural soil conditions during one month with the use of parameters of water absorption and breaking stress. The greatest losses of the strength of samples and increase in water consumption were observed for ВНС with potato and corn pulp, cocoa bean and beet husk (1.6-2.5 times). This agrees with the peculiarities of the chemical composition of WFM, including the high content of starch, hemicellulose and pectinaceous substances. The high content of iron, zinc and cadmium in WFM positively correlated with the breaking stress (r is 0.78, 0.70 and 0.59, respectively; P is more 0.95), and the content of lead - negatively correlated (r is minus 0.68; P is more 0.95). Influence of presence of copper, mercury and selenium in WFM on parameters of biodegradation is not revealed. A pilot batch of the BНC with the FPW and modifier developed and on their basis by sheet material obtained products for a household and construction applications. The pilot batch of the BНC with the WFM and the modifier is developed. The sheet material for products of economic and construction purposes was obtained on their basis by the method of thermoplastic extrusion.