ЕКОНОМІЧНА ОЦІНКА ФЕНОТИПІЧНИХ ЗМІН У СТАДАХ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЧОРНО-РЯБОЇ МОЛОЧНОЇ ПОРОДИ
Today Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed is developing as an open population and every year for the reproduction of breeding stock more intensively used bulls and bulls Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed with different part of Holstein heredity were researched. In 3 Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed herds of Kyiv region in 2000−2010 were used both pure-bred Holstein and Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed bulls. Part of heredity of Holstein cows fathers increased from 83,3 % to 99,1% by increasing the number of Holsteins bulls − from 12 to 59, the number of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed bulls has decreased from 30 to 11. Part of Holstein heredity of cows increased from 75,1 % to 92,6 %. Phenotypic changes in Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed with saturation of Holstein breed heredity were researched. Together with positive phenotypic changes - increasing of milk yield (on average 2920 kg), there are negative - reducing of milk fat (−0,24 %), productive use of cows shortening (−1,7 lactation) and extending of service-period (+58 days). These changes affected the economic parameters of dairy cattle industry.If in 2000 the providing of own remount heifers prevailed need to 7−68 %, then in 2010 these herds were provided by own remount heifers only 60−73 %. In our calculations were found, that in milk yield of firstborn 5236−5382 kg, length of productive use of cows − 3,7−4,5 lactations and calve output per 100 cows − 85−94 heads give profit per cow more on 16077−44364 UAH than in milk yield 6789-8189 kg, length of productive use − 2,1−2,6 lactations and calve output per 100 cows − 71−73 heads. Profitability under these conditions decreases with 47,2−68,3 % to 17,9−30,5 %. Thus, both economically and selection points more preferable is long-term use of cows with good reproduction ability, which allows repairing the herd through its own remount young animals.