GEOLOGY OF KOLYMA DISCOVERED BY SERGEY OBRUCHEV
The article is dedicated to the 130th anniversary of Sergei Vladimirovich Obruchev, the legendary pioneer who began the study of geography, geology and, in general, the natural features of the unexplored Arctic territories of the Russian northeast, who experienced physical and moral and psychological human capabilities in extreme conditions, relying only on his own titanic performance, organization and wise wit. The routes of the Obruchev’s expedition in 1929-1930 along the Kolyma territory were chosen as optimally as possible, so that to cover in circle the Kolyma River and its right tributaries Korkodon and Omolon, in order to reveal the main geographic and geological structure of the Kolyma region. This gave the rst solid idea of the geological structure with its Precambrian crystalline rocks and overlying Phanerozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata and draw the conclusion about the consolidated rigid tectonic structure of this part of the earth’s crust, which is fundamental. Further, with the development of the knowledge, discussions and disputes about the tectonic nature of the Kolyma territory ared up more and more, and now they do not subside. The geology of the territory turned out to be very complex and intriguing; therefore, a lot of research was carried out by various industrial and scienti c organizations. Hwever, they were carried out separately and haphazardly. This problem was more thoroughly solved by the results of areal prospecting and geological survey operations at the scale of 1:50,000, carried out consistently and systematically with advanced production (scienti c) and methodological studies of the Central exploration and survey expedition of Yakutskgeologiya JSC (in those years, the Geophysical Expedition - (GFE) No. 6 PGO “Yakutskgeologiya”) in the 1980-1990s.