Increasing the efficiency of the method for obtaining paraffin from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and its hardware design
During the processing, storage and transportation of highly paraffinic oil, a negative role is played by asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits, consisting of 85-95% of paraffin, which form on the inner walls of oil pipelines and represent a serious problem for the above processes, due to the difficulty of their dewaxing. The dewaxing process is the operation of removing solid hydrocarbon complexes from oil product fractions, which crystallize from a solution with a decrease in its temperature. Such hydrocarbons include high molecular weight paraffin and naphthenic complexes with long alkyl chains with normal and weakly branched structural organization. The aim of the study was to develop a rational method for obtaining paraffin from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and the design of an industrial dewaxer for obtaining technical paraffin, based on an assessment of the main design dimensional and technological parameters that affect this process. To improve the method for obtaining paraffin from asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and determine its rational instrumentation, the design and technological parameters of a field oil dewaxes, the rate of formation and melting temperature, the crystallization temperature and heat of melting of deposits, loss of thermal energy, density characteristics of oil, asphalt-resin-paraffin substances, as well as their mixtures. The choice of design solutions and structural materials for the manufacture of the dewaxes was carried out taking into account their rigidity, that is, the ability to prevent external influences during deformations that do not reduce their performance. It should be noted that the effectiveness of the proposed technical solutions is additionally confirmed by the assessment of the technical and economic indicators of the designed oil dewaxes. Thus, the scientific and technical task of developing original and improving existing technological methods that make it possible to obtain a high paraffin fraction, including original design solutions for the implementation of these procedures, is relevant, especially when simplifying, reducing the cost of technology and improving the environmental safety of oil production.