DYNAMICS OF TISSUE STRUCTURE IN BLACK-SPOTTED YOUNG CATTLE OF DIFFERENT AGE
The article contains materials on evaluation the peculiarities of beef performance formation in Black-Spotted young cattle depending on their sex, age and physiological condition. It is established that the processes, normally developing in the organisms of animals under trial, contributed to manifestation of slaughter qualities typical for different sexual and age groups. The carcasses obtained as result of slaughter, except new born calves, were characterized as high quality ones. Hence, all carcasses starting from the 8-months' age were classed as I st grade ones. They had well developed muscles on the blade bone, loins and hip. At 16-20 months the carcasses were covered with a complete layer of subcutaneous fat. Moreover the degree of its accumulation in heifers and steers was the highest in heifers and castrates. It is ascertained that steers from birth to 20 months of age surpassed the heifers and castrates by carcass weight gain intensity. It is noted that the most heavy-weight carcasses in all the cases were obtained from steers, the low-weight ones were obtained from heifers and castrates occupied the intermediate position. It is notable that castrates of all the age periods, in spite of lower carcass weight as compared with steers, significantly surpassed them by carcass yield - at 0.8-1%, and heifers - at 0.4-0.6%. The analysis of data obtained shows that the best relative indices in all the trials were observed in heifers, minimum -in steers and castrates occupied the intermediate position. A comprehensive comparative evaluation of carcass tissues growth and development has been made, this being a significant contribution to the improvement of the theory and practice of increasing the productive qualities of dairy cattle. The basic prerequisites for the scientific substantiation of prospect systems and resource saving technologies of young cattle growing and fattening by using home-produced fodder are suggested. All the above is the basis for improving the traditional and development of new technologies of cattle breeding and for a more complete utilization of their biological potentials.