THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CRIMINALISTIC THEORY OF INFORMATION FOR THE PROCESS OF UNCOVERING AND INVESTIGATION OF CRIMES
The article proves the necessity of development of general criminalistic theory of information and application of informational approach in the process of uncovering and investigation of the crimes. The place of criminalistic informatiology is determined in general theory of criminalistics as its element. The author proceeds from the fact that the evidence in criminal procedure legislation is determined as the data; this circumstance predetermines the process of collection of evidence as the informational process, oriented to the obtaining and processing of the information contained in memory of participants of a criminal event and material traces. One of primary tasks of criminalistics is the task, related to research of means and methods of obtaining criminalistic information which is the basis of evidentiary information. The necessity of development of general theory of information is conditioned by the necessity of not only settlement of process of information support during the uncovering and investigation of the crimes but also of the detection of the most optimal ways of obtaining and use of information for the purpose of proving in criminal proceedings. The article proves the thesis that the information field generated by a criminal event and the local information fields stipulate information reserve of the subject of evidence. Such understanding of the information flow which has to be processed by the investigator, will allow to work out a number of differentiated methodical recommendations considering the specific features of similar types of crimes depending on the type of information, the descriptions of its carriers, the terms of its perception and forming. Thus, the study of processes of the information formation and functioning, the identification of their specifity and the construction of classification systems can have theoretical and practical importance, firstly, for the decision of general questions of organization of the crimes investigation.