THE FUNGISTATIC ACTIVITY OF YAKUTIAN WILD PLANT EXTRACTS
The fungistatic activity effect of extracts from the wild plants of Yakutia on the growth and development of the fungal pathogens of genus Aspergillus was studied by the method of Kirby-Bauer with some modifications. The objects of this study were Dracocephalum palmatum Stephan, Pinus pumila (Pall) Regel, Artemisia jacutica Drob., which grow in North-Eastern, Central, and South Yakutia. The fresh overground phytomass of these plants was collected in June-August, 2014 from natural phytocenosis; processing and transporting of the collected material were done according to the standards. The extracts were obtained from dried-up phytomass by means of infusion in the methanol with the subsequent concentrating using the rotor evaporator “Eyela CA-111 2 cl” and dried in lyophilizer “ModulSpin”. Eight strains of the Aspergillus genus: Aspergillus oryzae 1K, Aspergillus niger 2K, Aspergillus fisheri 3K, Aspergillus terreus 4K, Aspergillus fumigatus 5K, Aspergillus ustus 6K, Aspergillus flavus 7K, Aspergillus nidulans 8K were used as test-cultures to screen the extracts for fungistatic activity The results of screening show the presence of fungistatic activity for all extracts from the phytomass of these plants. The extracts from conifer of Pinus pumila Pall (Regel) growing on the territory of North-Eastern Yakutia showed the most fungistatic activity for growth and development of Aspergillus fisheri (93 %) and Aspergillus niger (86 %). Thus, the extracts from the phytomass of Artemisia jacutica Drob. growing on the territory of South Yakutia, showed the greatest fungistatic activity for growth and development of Aspergillus terreus (90 %). Thus, the extracts of all three plants showed almost equal high fungistatic activity for growth and development of Aspergillus fumigatus (80 ± 2 %). Our results indicate the possibility of application of the extracts from the wild plants growing on the territory of Yakutia as components or as an independent unit for preventive treatment of the diseases caused by representatives of Aspergillus genus.