PROMISING VARIETIES OF SPRING VETCH FOR FORAGE PROCESSING IN CRYOLITHOZONE CONDITIONS
At present, the priority task of agriculture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is to meet the needs of animal husbandry with local high-protein feed. New varieties of fodder crops are needed, which are characterized by increased manufacturability, drought resistance, seed productivity and cold resistance, providing, at a sum of positive temperatures of 1500 0C, to form an economically valuable crop of fodder mass and seeds. In the conditions of the Khangalassky region of Yakutia on permafrost floodplain soils, we conducted research on the study of new varieties of Yarovaya vetch (sowing) from the VIR collection. The goal was set: to assess the varieties of spring vetch, and identify promising yields in the conditions of permafrost floodplain soils of the Khangalassky district of Yakutia. As a result of the first year of research, it was found that under conditions of hot and dry summers, the standard variety Lenskaya 15 has low resistance to lack of moisture and high air temperatures. The plant height of this variety reached 7.6 cm, leafiness of plants - 39.1%, seed yield - 0.4 t/ha, green mass - 3.01 t/ha, absolutely dry matter yield - 0.92 t/ha. Spring vetch cultivars Valentina and Tatyana proved to be the most productive, providing rather high yields of seeds (2.70 and 2.10 t/ha, respectively) and fodder mass (29.8 and 21.3 t/ha of green mass, respectively). Also promising for the conditions of the cryolithozone are the vetch varieties Assorti, Harmoniya, Elena, Lyudmila, Milada, Obelna, which have good indicators of seed and fodder productivity.