Oil refining using the electrohydraulic effect
This review presents work on one of the types of complex extreme effects on the substance electrohydraulic effect, which combines the simultaneous effect on the substance of strong mechanical compression, powerful ultrasound, hard x-ray, UV and IR radiation.In recent years, a number of works have been devoted to the electro-hydraulic processing of oil and oil sludge. The essence of this method lies in the fact that when carrying out inside a volume of liquid, located in an open or closed vessel, of a specially formed pulsed electrical discharge around the zone of its formation, ultrahigh hydraulic pressures are able to perform useful mechanical work. The electrohydraulic effect is a way of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. In the considered works, separate units and EНЕ units of various designs were developed and the fundamental possibility of using the EHЕ method to increase the depth of oil refining was shown. It was found that when EН-effects with a discharge voltage of up to 20 kV on oil, the yield of light fractions of oil increases by 4-6% and the rheological parameters (density, viscosity) of oil change, which may be important during its transportation and further fractionation. The influence of electrohydraulic effects on oil mixtures with 5, 10, 15 vol. % of the fuel oil results in the yield of light oil fractions. Using this effect, the basis for processing and disposal of oil sludge was obtained light fractions that boil away at 180 °C up to 20%, and fractions that boil away up to 350 °C were about 50%.