Balance of Power Principle Revisited
In the changing conditions of the international environment, there is a clear demand for reassessing theoretical and conceptual approaches to international studies. Among the concepts that have to be revised is the ‘balance of power’ principle, which was formulated in conditions very much different from what is happening today in world politics. Analyzing the evolution of the ‘balance of power’ concept, one may conclude that the understanding of the concept has been changing with new arguments having been added to it. This led to polysemanticism and vagueness of the term. Apart from that, it has become obvious that western and oriental states practice different approaches to the implementation of ‘balance of power’. Furthermore, the concept of power in international relations itself has evolved considerably, as have the ways of exercising it. For instance, in addition to the use of force as a means of reacting to external threats, some nontraditional non-force methods have been practiced. The conditions of the international environment since the second half of the 20th century demand a more critical approach to the classical realist application of ‘balance of power’, which has encouraged new models of international behavior for states to develop. The author of the article studies the main theoretical approaches to the ‘balance of power’ principle and concludes that it has to be re-interpreted and re-defined because of the existing ambiguity and the changing conditions of the international environment. The article also concentrates on the structure of the international negotiation process, whose changes broaden the spectrum of possible ways in ensuring the balance of power. The author, who is studying the principle from the neoinstitutionalist angle, states that it is to be defined as a set of expectations, attitudes and rational approaches to foreign policy that define the behavior of states in world politics and secure certain balance in the international environment.