Historiography of Interaction Between Government and Society in General Education Development in Russia, 19 <sup>th</sup>-20 <sup>th</sup> cc
Various aspects of the interaction between the authorities and society about the development of general education in Russia over the preceding two centuries are a part of civil and political history, educational and cultural ones. More than one generation of scientists comprehended and interpreted these aspects, and further development of scientific knowledge is impossible without ordering and systematization of knowledge on this issue. Genre of historiography allows to sum up and to perform further scientific work, taking into account the achievements and gaps in scientific knowledge. The subject of our study is Russian historiography on the problem of interrelations between late Imperial Russian / early and mature Soviet government and Russian society in general education development (second half of 19 th c. - 1980s). We have investigated the significant body of scientific work on the processes in social, political and educational spheres using the methods of historical, legal, and discourse analysis, and we have shown the evolution of Russian scientists' views on role of power and opportunities of society in the development of the education. We have shown that by the end of the 19th century Russian history of pedagogy has formed two main approaches to periodization of the development of general education. Basis of both approaches was the understanding of efforts of authorities and society as a determining factor in the educational process. The first approach considers the state apparatus main driving force in the development of primary and secondary schools. The second approach is assigned a leading role of social institutions in this process. Despite the ideologization of history in the Soviet period, Soviet pedagogical historiography has become a form of revival of nineteenth-century trend, which was based on understanding of central government's fundamental contribution to educational process. Analysis of pre-revolutionary and Soviet historiography of general education in Russia as an object of efforts of government and society has allowed us to identify some promising areas of historical and educational research in this subject area. Such promising objects of study are: (i) the reaction of subjects of pedagogical process on political action authorities, the public mood and actions of the participants of the pedagogical process, forms of pressure on the authorities from the "bottom" with aims to express public estimate of some policy aspects; (ii) demonstrative escapades of pupils, through which they inform the authorities about their real attitude towards it; (iii) duality of the public response to the state control in educational sphere.