STATE AND LEGAL SECURITY IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL ETHNIC MIGRATION (A COMPARATIVE STUDY BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE USA AND GERMANY)
Background. The policy of multiculturalism, put forward at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, raises before the states the real question of maintaining state and legal security and ethno-political stability. This is evidenced, in particular, by the activation of the Black Lives Matters movement in 2020 in the United States, as well as the controversial immigration policy pursued by Germany in the 1960s which, unfortunately, was not succeed with the full integration of immigrants into German society. The purpose of the research is to analyze the migration flows in the United States and Germany, as well as to analyze their impact on demographic, economic, intellectual, ethnocultural security within the framework of state and legal security. Materials and methods. The author uses extensive historical and state research statistics materials in the study of migration processes in the USA and Germany. An original author’s scheme is published, which demonstrates the influence of emigration and immigration processes on the state and legal security of donor and recyclable countries. Results. The analysis of migration processes in the USA and Germany is carried out. It is shown that even the famous American “melting crucible”, which worked in the 19th-20th centuries quite effectively, in the 21st century it did not cope with the tasks of cultural and civilizational integration of the American society. In Germany, which did not have a wealth of experience in conducting a restraining and encouraging immigration policy, as in the United States, the possibilities for embedding newcomers (first of all, extremely aggressive adherents of Islamic fundamentalism) are even more limited. Conclusions. For each specific state, migration has its pros and cons. However, first of all, insufficiently regulated migration is a threat to state and legal security, creating ethnopolitical instability. One should not pin hopes on the fact that migration will be able to solve such planetary problems as poverty, hunger and socioeconomic backwardness.