"ADVANCED IMAGING" FOR SALVAGE OF LOWER LIMB OR THE MOST RELEVANT INVASIVE DIAGNOSTIC METHODS OF CRITICAL LOWER LIMB ISCHEMIA (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Patients with suspected peripheral artery disease (PAD) with critical limb ischemia (CLI) require intervention for limb salvage. Successful revascularization depends on quality and accurate visualization of vascular bed of lower limbs. Recent advances in imaging technology have significantly impacted the preoperative assessment of patients with PAD. The following is a description of main invasive techniques of obtaining high-quality images of arteries of lower limbs. Aim: was to summarize data of modern literature sources, on the effectiveness of modern instrumental diagnostic methods for early and effective invasive assessment of blood flow and perfusion of lower limbs for planning revascularization interventions and assessing its effectiveness. Material and methods: we analyzed sources of Russian and foreign literature over the past 5 years on the issue of modern possibilities of invasive diagnosis of critical lower limb ischemia. When choosing sources, we relied on the information content of described methods, the relevance of research, results of which are being applied today, and outlined prospects for their application in the future. Conclusions: over the years, digital subtraction angiography has been traditionally the «gold standard» for intravascular imaging of lower limbs. Over time, this method has been improved because technological advances have created high-quality alternatives for preoperative (computed tomography [CT] angiography and magnetic resonance angiography [MRA]) and intraoperative imaging (Vascular Flow Reserve [VFR], intravascular ultrasound [IVUS], optical coherence tomography [OCT] and angiography CO2).