Formation of artificial plantings in the region of the East Ural radioactive trace
The consequences of radioactive contamination caused by the accident at the Production Association “Mayak” (Chelyabinsk region) in 1957 were analyzed. It was noted that the consequence of the accident was the death of pi-ne plantations in the area of about 20 km 2, with soil contamination density (SCD) of more than 180 Ci/km 2 and the death of birchen plantations, with SCD 4000 Ci/km 2. Band of radioactive contamination, called the East Ural radioactive trace (EURT) amounted to 300 km in length and 8-9 km in width and affected the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Kurgan regions. Existence in the territory EURT uncovered forest areas made it necessary to reforest them artificially. In the four areas SCD laid forest plantations possible to establish that their preservation depends on the intensity of radioactive contamination. So, if contamination with strontium-90 is in a dose of more than 1.0 Ci/km 2, preservation of forest plantations of Scots pine in 5 years after planting does not exceed 55 %. With the increase of level of contamination is observed decrease in basic taxation parameters of artificial pine plantations. So, at 15 years of age growing stock totaled 81.6 m 3/ha at contamination to 0.14 Ci/km 2 and 32.1 m 3/ha at contamination above 3 Ci/km 2. Only two types of live ground cover grow in all areas of contamination. Meanwhile, depending on the intensity of contamination aboveground phytomass of live ground cover varies from 39.94 to 726.48 kg/ha in completely dry state.