ASSESMENT OF ANTI-NOCICEPTIVE ACTIONS OF ADIPOSE-DERIVED MESEMCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN EXPERIMENTAL PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHIC PAIN
Objective. To estimate an anti-nociceptive and regenerative potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in experimental post-traumatic neuropathy in rats. Methods. Neuropathic pain was induced by axotomy technique in rat left hind paw (Wistar rats (n=113)). The respective group of subjects received ADMSCs dose of 1×106 cells/kg and 2×106 cells/kg into the site of sciatic nerve injury at 2 regimens: single (7th day post-surgery) and twice (7th and 14th day post-surgery). Nociceptive responses, as well as histological changes of sciatic nerve and perineural tissue were assessed in dynamics. Results. Sciatic nerve axotomy led to a significant increase of mechanical nociceptive sensitivity of ipsilateral hind paw by 7th day, as well as to fibrotic changes of peri- and epineural areas of damaged nerve fibers and to denervation of surrounding muscle tissue and fascia. Local administration of ADMSCs effectively abolished mechanical hyperalgesia by 14th day after first injection at all regimens tested. Among tested regimens, the most pronounced anti-nociceptive and regenerative effects were induced by single injection of ADMSCs (1×106 cells/kg). As the dose and frequency of ADMSCs administration elevated, their reparative and anti-inflammatory properties reduced. Conclusion. Obtained results testify anti-nociceptive potential of ADMSCs and feasibility of its further investigation on the experimental models of neuropathy. What this paper adds For the first time the impact of different regimen of allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) transplantation on nociceptive sensitivity and microstructure changes of sciatic nerve in rats with peripheral neuropathy has been studied. Allogenic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells at a dose of 1×106 cells/kg has been found out to exhibit the most powerful anti-nociceptive and regenerative effects with a single local injection confirmed by algometry and histological study.