ESTABLISHING OF POLYMORPHISM LEVEL IN COMPONENT COMPOSITION OF STORAGE PROTEINS IN F<sub>2</sub> AND F<sub>3</sub> GENERATIONS OF LINSEED
Hybridological analysis of the second and third generation of linseed hybrids allows to set the inheritance patterns for the necessary traits. This makes it possible to plan and predict the results of the work with hybrid generations, to manage genetic processes in hybrid populations, to calculate the amount and proportion for segregation of possible phenotypes and their genotype diversity After selecting a certain partner for crossing it is possible to predict the final result and conduct targeted science-based work to achieve success in a short period of time. The aim of the research was to establish the level of polymorphism for the component composition of seed storage protein in hybrids of the second and third generation of linseed to track patterns of inheritance of specific individual protein components. The material research using hybrid seed F2, F3, varieties of linseed Iceberg, breeding sample № 20034. The hybridization was performed by the usual method, pollination was carried out immediately after castration, taking into account property proterogyny. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of linseed storage proteins was performed in the Laboratory of Genetics and Electrophoresis in the Institute of Oilseed Crops NAAS on the developed method adapted to this crop. To distribute the storage proteins using polyacrylamide gel at a concentration of 11.8%. 0.08 A current source, a voltage of 400 V. The electrophoresis was carried out under the same conditions. Proteins was analyzed from individual seeds. A study of electrophoretic spectrum of hybrid seed F2 on the combination of Iceberg × number 20034 and number 20034 × Iceberg, we have observed that the protein components of the spectra are placed both parents. However, in the III and IV of the variable region of hybrids in both forward and reverse direction is shown additional band, but, the bands are close to each other that maybe it is a manifestation of one component. The protein spectra of hybrid seeds of the third generation, which was obtained by crossing varieties of Iceberg × 20034, the absence of the components observed in the V zone. It is this protein component is shown in the parent form 20034, but is absent in hybrid. Very well looked heterogeneity in Ia, IIIa and IV protein zones. Cleavage of the variability in the third zone into two components suggests that the area includes several protein fractions with a similar electrophoretic mobility. Although not ruled out the probability of a new protein component. Differences in zone IV components in individual seeds were manifested in the presence of one, two or no protein components. Previously in this area we have noted only the presence - absence of a specific component, but with the appearance of new components was the need to identify additional components IV and IVa for the convenience of inheritance. In the opposite direction crossing 20034 × Iceberg spectra of hybrid seeds was characterized by the presence - absence of the protein component in zone Ia and IIa. In zone IIIa two protein components are present, whereas in parental forms 20034 in this zone one protein band in Iceberg variety zones represented - is absent. By III, IV and V of the variable regions in the spectrum of hybrid seeds on a splitting 2 and 3 in some cases, the protein component. Additional bands, which appeared in the variable zones, respectively, for convenience, we have noted how IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb, Va. The resulting protein spectra of the third-generation hybrids from the crossing combination of Iceberg × 20034 as a result have been grouped into eight phenotypic classes on this principle, the presence or absence of the variable zones: 1) Ia, IIIa, IV; 2) Ia, IV; 3) Ia, IIIa, IIIb; 4) Ia, IIIa, IIIb, IV; 5) Ia, IIIa, IIIb, IVa, IVb; 6) Ia, IIIa, IVa, IVb; 7) IIIa, IV; 8) IIIa, IIIb, IV. Whereas in the direction crossing 20034 × Iceberg is the number of phenotypic classes were 9. Association in classes are also conducted by comparing on the presence-absence of additional variable and variable zones: 1) Ia, IIIa, IV; 2) Ia, IV; 3) Ia, IIIa, IV, IVa; 4) Ia, IIa, IIIa, IV, IVa; 5) Ia, IIa, IIIa, IV, V, Va; 6) Ia, IIIa, IIIb, IV; 7) Ia, IIa, IIIa, IIIb, IV, IVa, IVb, V; 8) Ia, IIa, IIIa, IV, IVa, IVb, V, Va; 9) Ia, IIIa, IIIb, IV, IVa, V. The studies found that the electrophoresis spectra of hybrid seed F2 and F3 of reciprocal crosses combination Iceberg × 20034 marked polymorphism significant in the manifestation of protein components in the variable Ia, III, IV, V zones. There is an increasing degree of heterogeneity in protein spectrum in a number of generations. Discovered on electrophoresis protein bands hybrid seeds reciprocal crosses combination Iceberg × 20034 were grouped into 8 and 9 of phenotypic classes on the basis of the presence-absence of protein bands in the variable zones.