PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING RAW MATERIALS BY METHODS OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND SCREENING OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BIOMASS IRIS SPURIA L. (ART AND SOUL)
Hydroponic technologies combined with clonal micropropagation have the potential for large-scale plant growth and production of secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to obtain raw materials Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) in hydroponics coupled with clonal micropropagation, and its primary pharmacognostic analysis. When receiving the raw material Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) at the stage of micro-multiplication itself, the most optimal content in the nutrient medium was 2.5-5.0 µm BAP. For a more complete realization of morphogenetic potentials it is necessary to alternate media with the content of phytohormones and hormone-free. At the same time, l-glutamine and adenine sulfate in an amount of 100 mg/l (MS+100mg/l L-glutamine+100mg/l adenine sulfate) should be added to the hormone-free media. For the adaptation of regenerated plants to non-sterile conditions and in the cultivation of raw materials can be used universal three-tiered aeroponic system, developed by All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Moscow (Russia) (Iu.Ts. Martirosian). The obtained biotechnological raw materials (grass) were identified by macroscopic (external) and microscopic (anatomical) features (in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV. 2018). As a result of the qualitative analysis of raw materials for the content of the main groups of biologically active substances, the following were revealed: phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, xanthones. For the herb Iris spuria L. the method of quantitative determination of flavonoids in terms of quercetin is developed. The dependence of the accumulation of quercetin and tannins on the hormonal composition of nutrient media, which makes it possible for Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) to regulate the accumulation of these polyphenols in the production of plant raw materials.