ВПЛИВ КАТАЛІЗАТОРІВ НА ТЕРМІЧНИЙ РОЗКЛАД ПЕРХЛОРАТУ КАЛІЮ ТА ВИБУХОВІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ СКЛАДІВ НА ЙОГО ОСНОВІ
The article presents the results of investigations of the thermal decomposition of potassium perchlorate (PPC) with the catalysts of decomposition such as copper, iron, nickel, titan, magnesium, chrome and manganese oxides. It is established that, according to the differential-thermal analysis, within the catalysts investigated the highest catalytic activity is possessed by copper (CuO) and manganese oxides (MnO). They reduce the temperature of decomposition of potassium perchlorate from 566 to 500 0С. It has been experimentally determined the influence of the compositions based on potassium perchlorate with the catalysts of decomposition on explosive characteristics. Compositions of PPC with the content of fuel oil equal to 5 % provide the critical diameter of detonation from 5 mm up to 19 mm depending on the dispersion of PPC, and the speed of detonation is from 1,89 to 2,13 km/s. The composition is securely detonates from the standard means of initiation such as the electric detonator ED–8 and detonating cord DCE–12. Potassium perchlorate without catalytic additives practically does not go to the stationary regime of detonation from the standard means of initiation even with the considerable increase of the charge diameter. The calculations show that the end products of explosive transformation of the potassium perchlorate are KCl and O 2. Charges based on potassium perchlorate are planned for the breakage of block stone.