Two attempts to restore the Golden Horde at the beginning of the 16 <sup>th</sup> c. (political and legal aspects)
The article is devoted to analysis of political activity of Uzbek Khan Muhammad Sheybany and the Crimean Khan Muhammad Giray I at the beginning of the 16 th c. The author examines politics of two khans using historical-legal approach and concentrated on the analysis of administrative system established by both monarchs, their relations with other rulers of former Golden Horde territories. As a result, he concludes that both khans positioned themselves as legitimate heirs and successors of the disintegrated Golden Horde and attempted to restore this state as they were not satisfied by the control of certain regions of the former empire. Despite of the fact that Muhammad Sheybany acted from the east of the Jochid Empire and Muhammad Giray from the West, both used the same political and legal methods to take under their own control former possessions of Jochids, including central regions of the Golden Horde - Volga and Ural ones. Although they declared restoration of the former empire, we shouldn't consider their activity as attempts to «throwback»: both leaders understood clearly that political situation and legal system were changed and tried to construct their power in accordance with new realities