AGROECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE USE OF WINE AND COGNAC BARDA IN THE SOUTHERN CHERNOZEMS OF THE TAMAN PENINSULA
The purpose of the research was to study the properties of southern Taman chernozems from the point of view of their suitability for growing grapes and to establish the possibility of recycling waste from the wine industry by diluting it with water, followed by adding it to the soil. The objects of research were southern Ch ernozem and the composition of wine and cognac Barda. Southern Chernozem is characterized by high density (1.29-1.64 g/cm3), alkalinity (pH 8.0-8.5), saturation of the soil absorbing complex with calcium (69.6-73.2%), magnesium (17.0-18.9%) and sodium (7.3-11.5%). The influence of various concentrations of wine and cognac Barda on the chemical properties of the soil, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the fungal flora and the degree of soil fatigue was evaluated. Composting of soil in laboratory controlled conditions with waste of wine and cognac products in its natural state had a significant impact on the reaction of the soil environment (the change was 0.1 pH units in relation to the control variant) and on the amount of organic matter: the difference with the control was 0.21 %. In soil samples, the opportunistic group of fungi was represented by three genera: fungi of the genus Fusarium SPR., Cephallosporium SPR. and Alternaria SPR. At the same time, the predominant fungi were from the genus Fusarium, which accounted for 54.5 % of the total number of isolated micromycetes.