GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ONLINE TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
The 21st century is the century of electronic education (e-education). Developers of foreign language training courses, authors of foreign language textbooks are aware that the transition of the educational process to online is inevitable and the future belongs to electronic educational resources. The demand for e-training materials is high both among students and among teachers. This article presents the general principles of online teaching Russian as a foreign language. The questions the authors of electronic educational materials dwell upon relate both to the tools that make online learning attractive for students and the algorithm for developing an online lesson. The implementation of the principles of online teaching is demonstrated in the article with the components of an online lesson developed for level B1: fragments of authentic texts and their linguo-methodological processing are shown, a fragment of the lesson vocabulary, some standardized tasks and instructions for them, examples of creative tasks are given. The emphasis is put on standardized assignments, since the goal of online learning is for students to master the proposed materials independently. Standardized tasks are tests which aim at mastering the rhythm of Russian words, joint pronunciation of words in syntagmas, mastering Russian intonation, vocabulary and grammar of relevant topics, understanding the meaning of a sentence and a whole text. Such tasks do not require the interference of the teacher, it becomes more important to provide comprehensive, detailed instructions in Russian and the auxiliary language. The article justifies the choice of the B1 level as the most relevant for online education, which certainly does not negate the creation of online courses in Russian as a foreign language for other levels as well. We just have to take into account that the principle of choosing authentic texts can be observed less strictly at levels A1 and A2, while at levels B2, C1, C2 authentic audio and video materials and texts for reading will be the only possible units for studying.