TECHNOLOGY OF CULTIVATION OF HYBRIDES OF HALUND-SUGAR BEET ON THE IRRIGATION IN THE AREA OF DRY DEGREES OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION
The article discusses the technology of cultivation of hybrids of semi-sucrose beets in irrigation in the zone of dry steppes of the Lower Volga region. Fodder beet prefers a medium-grained soil with a rich humus horizon with good moisture capacity and soil buffering capacity, with PH (6.0 - 7.0). Despite this, beets can be successfully cultivated in almost all types of soil. Fodder beet quite demanding culture to the quality of tillage. The quality of the soil depends on the formation of the crop. Beet root crops prefer a soil density of 1.0-1.3 g / cm3, therefore all the activities carried out in the field should be aimed at creating optimal conditions for the water-air regime of cultivation of the crop. Sowing of fodder beet in the zone of dry steppes of the Lower Volga region should be started when the soil temperature reaches + 6 ° … + 8 °С at a depth of 8 … 10 cm, together with early grain crops. Late sowing against the background of high positive temperatures leads to a decrease in yield and large losses from the action of insect pests. In the conditions of the Lower Volga region, the cultivation of fodder beet is possible only on irrigation. Soils of heavy mechanical composition must be maintained at the level of 70% of HB at a depth of 60…80 cm. To obtain good stable yields, it is necessary to apply basic phosphorus-potassium fertilizers in the fall, under tillage. Plant care is inter-row tillage, weed control, pests and diseases. To combat the annual dicotyledonous weeds, the drug Karibu SP, Lontrel-300, Betanal max Pro was used. The fight against weeds in the cultivation of beets should be systematic competent approach and not violate the regulations on the use of drugs.