Bioenergy efficiency of some elements of sugar beets growing technology
The goal of the research is to assess the bioenergy efficiency of individual elements of sugar beet growing technology. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted at the Training and Production Center (BCC) of Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University in 2015-2017. All field experiments were conduct on the background of the main fertilizer. Under the basic cultivation of the soil 40 t/h of manure and N120P100K140 mineral fertilizers (a.s.) were introduced, on the basis of the planned yield of 70 t/ha. Norms of organic and mineral fertilizers were calculated taking into account the presence of nutrients in the soil and the coefficient of their removal by sugar beet. The results of research. For the energy assessment of the elements of sugar beet cultivation technology in the central part of the Right-bank Forest-steppe zone of Ukraine, the cost of the total energy per unit area was determined by the technological maps, which were grouped and analyzed according to the following articles: seeds, fertilizers, fuels and lubricants, mechanized and manual work, and etc. The energy efficiency was determined by the energy efficiency ratio (Cee) - the ratio of the difference between the reproduced energy (energy consumption of the crop) and the consumed energy efficiency coefficient where the seed with the laboratory similarity was sown more than 95 % - (Cee = 5.51). When used for sowing seeds with a laboratory similarity of more than 91-95 %, the energy efficiency was slightly lower than that of sowing seeds more than 95 % and was 5.42. With the increasing of plant density to harvesting from 80-90 to 101-110 thousand/ha, the energy output from the harvest increased from 829521 to 905520 MJ, but due to higher yields in variants where the plant density was 101-110 thousand/ha of energy, comparatively before control was higher. The energy efficiency ratio tended to decrease both for the use of hybrids and for the introduction of trace elements in the feed and amounted to 5.57-6.08. Conclusions. It is proved that the developed agrotechnological measures for sugar beet cultivation in the line hybrid - the quality of the seeds - the plant stomatal density - fertilizers - the duration of the vegetation period, provide a high economic effect. The formation of optimal sugar beet seeding on the area provided the highest yield of energy with the yield on variants with double application of microfertilizers in the non-root nutrition.