FEATURES OF LANDSCAPE PLANTING OF STREETS WITH MULTISTORIED BUILDING IN THE TOWN OF NIZHNYAYA SALDA, SVERDLOVSK REGION
Landscape planting has features in small towns; it changes with the advent of new well-planned residential districts. The principles of urban landscape planting, depending on the type of building were studied on example of the town of Nizhnyaya Salda, Sverdlovsk region. Also the assessment of planting condition was carried out. For comparison, the materials about historical part of the town of Nizhnyaya Salda and two towns of the Sverdlovsk region were used. Research was conducted in the neighborhood of multistoried building with an area of ​​0.7 km2. The analysis of the three main streets 2.6 km long was performed. 1,309 plants, including 872 trees and 437 shrubs were surveyed. Placement of trees was in lines, plant spacing 4-5 m, on the average 160-170 plants per 1000 m, which corresponds to the recommended standards. The basis of street landscape planting is 5-7 species (birch, maple, linden, poplar, pea shrub), the others grow in small quantities, and they are placed randomly or in small groups. The vertical structure of stands was multistoried, trees of the first and the second height prevailed. We noted the dominance of trees on bushes, compared with the historical part of the town. About 40% of street plantings were in good condition. Deterioration of the state is connected with considerable tree age (more than 60 years), biological features (young growth, fragility of branches) and growth conditions (influence of communications). Characteristic feature of small towns is the formation of quiet shady streets due to the high vertical density and mixed plantings. However, with the advent of multistoried building and increase of the town, this image is being lost, species diversity is reduced, that was confirmed with research in the city of Yekaterinburg and in the town of Polevskoy, the Sverdlovsk region. Development of landscape planting concept for the period of future building, the correct selection of the assortment and its location, taking into account city planning standards allows giving to the streets of the town a classical look, but at the same time it often leads to identity loss.