GENESIS OF THE SOUL OF RUSSIAN CULTURE
The article attempts to determine the main stages of the genesis of soul of Russian culture. The author relies on his earlier deployment of the concept of “the soul of Russian culture”. The basis for the allocation of the stages of genesis of the soul is the evolution of figurative and semantic series of works of Russian art and literature during the 10th - 19th centuries. The article argues that since the 11th - 12th century to 18th century in the soul of Russian culture enough updated was the original plan. Spiritual, reaching a peak in 14th - 16th in the beginning, gradually becoming overwhelmed. The alienated plan of the soul of Russian culture is increasingly actualized; and in the 12th - 18th centuries it is formed as the opposite “pole,” reaching a peak in the 19th - 20th centuries, when the carnal principle is actualized. Starting with the 18th century active intermediate (located between the “poles” of the spirit and the flesh) levels of the soul of Russian culture. This does not soften the opposition of the “poles,” since at the same time, along with the weakening of the spiritual, there is an active strengthening of the carnal. Thus, the internal “tension” of the soul of Russian culture remains high, and at some points it increases, up to the “off-scale” at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries. At this time, the most important contradiction of the soul of Russian culture - between the spiritual and the carnal (demonic, demonic) - the expression of which was the confrontation of the Icon and the “Black square”; the righteous I. Kronstadt and the “Holy Devil” G. Rasputin. In the conciliar soul of Russian culture, the features of Faust and magical soul, Apollonian and Dionysian, the features of Christian, pagan and secular worldview are actualized. The prasymbol of the soul of Russian culture is the plain, gathered together by “faith and law.”