Integrated description of temperature oscillations, energy balance and cryosphere of the Earth under the influence of the solar constant variations with the use of electro-thermal analogy
The mathematical model describing fluctuations under the influence of two-century periodic variations of planetary temperature solar constant and specific caloradiance of the Earth into cosmic space in a single equation is presented. The thermal chain in which the characteristic specific heat flux radiated by the Earth is an analog of electric current is and temperature pressure or increments of the planetary temperature is an analog of the voltage is considered. From the equation the time dependence of periodic violations of the Earth equilibrium thermal state is defined. The data obtained allow estimating changes in cryosphere mass i.e. the mass of ice and snow cover of the Earth surface. Relation between time delays of the planetary temperature fluctuations with regard to solar constant variations and the fluctuations in differences of the specific heat fluxes absorbed and radiated by the Earth is defined in analytical form. Decrease in the planetary temperature is the most significant in a hypothetical case of zero depth of the World Ocean active layer that in terms of physics corresponds to the outer layer of the Earth surface. Therefore the maximal cold snap and cryosphere increasing the will occur on the land surface. The deviation of the Earth heat balance from the equilibrium state, on the contrary, grows with increasing the depth of the ocean active layer that is caused by thermal energy accumulation in its active near-surface layer. Amplitude modules of the planetary temperature deviations from the equilibrium state at the two-century peak and recession of the solar constant are decreased from 0.18 K to 0.13 K when the depth of the ocean active layer increases from 0 to 700 m. Specific capacity amplitude defining surplus or deficiency of the absorbed solar energy grows from zero with zero of the active layer depth to 0.4 W/(m2) with the active layer depth of 700 m.