High-voltage discharge as a factor of increasing the cutting properties of disposable inserts
Relevance. Improving the quality of the cutting tools by creating a new method of influencing the cutting part of disposable inserts for the built-up tooling and the method for identifying and grouping disposable cutting inserts are important today. The object of the study is a set of replaceable disposable inserts by PRAMET. The purpose of the work is to create a new method of influencing the cutting part of replaceable disposable inserts for the composite cutting tool and a new method for its identification and grouping. Method. A new method for improving the quality of the cutting tool based on the effect of a high-voltage electric discharge action on the cutting part of disposable inserts and the method of acoustic diagnostics for its comparative identification is found by the authors of the paper. The methods of planning the experiment, methods of statistical analysis, modeling methods using spectral neural network analysis are applied. Results. The possibility of a high-voltage electric discharge action on the cutting part of disposable inserts for the built-up tooling has been substantiated and experimentally confirmed with the aim of improving its quality, in particular by applying the proposed method of acoustic identification and grouping the disposable inserts on the basis of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of natural oscillations caused by forced acoustic vibrations in the form “White noise” in the interval 20-20000 Hz. This allowed to increase the time of continuous use of disposable inserts in 1.8 times. Application area. High-voltage discharge processing of disposable inserts makes it possible to reduce the scattering of signs of inserts wear in comparison with the untreated ones, thereby reducing its wear in metalworking. This method has the prospect of practical application to reduce the wear of the multifaceted replaceable disposable inserts for the cutting tool. Conclusions. The conducted experiments on the evaluation of the quality of cutting inserts with the help of acoustic spectra of natural oscillations and also the action of high-voltage discharge have confirmed the prospects of such approaches to the identification and grouping of plates according to the principle of proximity of properties and the method of improving the quality of disposable inserts by high voltage discharges (at least 25.0 KV). Prospects for further research involve the investigation of the mechanism of physical phenomena in the structural change in the hardening coatings, its layer bonds, and the degree of adhesion to the main material of the cutting part of disposable inserts under the influence of the frequency of high-voltage discharges, its frequency and the exposure time.