meta: {"file": "/data/tomer/Sefaria-Export/txt_done/Talmud/Bavli/Commentary/Tosafot/Seder Nezikin/Tosafot on Bava Batra/English/merged.txt"}
text: Tosafot on Bava Batra
  תוספות על בבא בתרא
  merged
  
  This file contains merged sections from the following text versions:
  -Sefaria Community Translation
  -
  
  Tosafot on Bava Batra
  
  
  
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  They collect according to the wealth of each individual: Since there is no life-threatening danger, we do not assess according to wealth. And this is also true in the last chapter of Bava Kamma (116b): A caravan traveling in the desert, and a troop of bandits stood over it, we assess according to wealth, for there is not danger to life since in the troop is attacking only for money. And even though it says in Sanhedrin (72a) that a tunneling thief is judged according to his end. And Rava explains that this is because there is an assumption that a person would not stand by idly while his money is threatened [and therefore, the fact that the homeowner would defend himself will lead the thief to respond with violence...thus a thief coming to steal money is prepared to act violently] even so, we assess [the caravan attacked by bandits] according to wealth, sinc the bandits only want to seize money, and if the caravan does not defend itself, they bandits will not physically harm them. Therefore, this is not considered a situation of danger. But in the case of bandits, if the caravan comes to terms with them, the amount is assessed by wealth. But when people get lost in the wilderness, it says there that the assessment is per capita, since when people get lost, there is danger to life. 
  
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   i give permission to use it for your own use 
  תוס שלשה חדשים בראשונה 
  From rashi---------------------------------------------מתוך פירש הקונטרס 
  its masmah from rabbi yishmael----------------- משמע דבעי רבי ישמעאל 
   That he should plant and harvest ---------------------- שהוא יזרע ויקצור  
  in those first 3 months and in the last 3 month באותן שלשה חדשים ראשונים וכן באחרונים 
  And it's not a wonder ---------------------------------------------ואין תימה
  That produce that was planted after nissan -שתהא תבואה הנזרעת אחר ניסן
  It grows in 3 months and its season isn't  ---גדילה  בג' חדשים  באין  זמנה
  Till the upcoming nissan --------------------------------------עד ניסן הבא 
  Because we find ---------------------------------------------------- דמצינן 
   Like similar we do say  -------------------------------------כעין זה דאמרינן 
  in rosh hashanah  ---------------------------------------------בראש השנה
   all produce that's harvested sukkos time---------כל תבואה הנקצרת בחג 
  it is known that it grow a 3rd ---------------------- בידוע  שהביאה  שליש
    before rosh hashanah-------------------------------------לפני  ראש השנה 
    its seems to be -------------------------------------------------------אלמא 
   it grows occasionally------------------------------------------גדלה  פעמים
    in this time -------------------------------------------------------באותו  זמן 
  but the rei asks ---------------------------------------------אבל  קשיא  לר"י
  if so why -------------------------------------------------------  אם כן אמאי
  you need 18 months----------------------------------------צריך י"ח חדשים
  in 15 months----------------------------------------------------בט"ו חדשים
    its enough-------------------------------------------------------------סגי 
    you should plant 3 months ------------------------------שיזרע ג' חדשים 
   before Nissan-----------------------------------------------------לפני ניסן
    harvest in Nissan --------------------------------------------ויקצור בניסן 
  2nd ---------------------------------------------------------------------ושניה
   the end of the summer ----------------------------------------בסוף הקיץ 
  a 3rd in the upcoming year------------------------------ושלישית בניסן הבא
   tosfos answers ----------------------------------------------------וי"ל 
  you need a major eating of a crop------------- דצריך אכילה חשובה של י"ב
   in the middle ---------------------------------------------------באמצע 
   even though --------------------------------------------------אע"ג 
   that we say in the gemara -------------------------------------'דאמרי' בגמ 
  he ate 3  types of fruit ------------------------------------- אכל תלת פירי
   in 3 months --------------------------------------------------לתלתא ירחי
  for example ------------------------ כגון
  hay ----------------------------- אספסתא
  according to rabbi yishmael -------------- לרבי ישמעאל
  there is a chazka ----------- הויא חזקה
  there it's different ------------- שאני התם
  because it is its proper time---------- לפי שהוא זמן שלה 
  but the rei has a question --------- אבל קשה לר"י 
   we say in the gemara ------------ (:דאמרי' בגמ' (לקמן דף לו 
    a big fruit ----------------------- פירא רבה 
   a small fruit ---------------------- ופירא זוטא 
   there is between them (a difference) ------ איכא בינייהו דר' ישמעאל ור"ע
  and rashi explains ------ ופירש הקונטרס 
    rabbi yishmael holds --------- דר' ישמעאל סבר 
  a big fruit ----------------------- פירא רבה   
   for example barley and outs -------------- כגון שעורים ושבולת שועל  
   it grows in 3 months---------- שגדלים בג' חדשים
  rabbi akiva holdes -------------- ור"ע סבר
  a small fruit ---------------------- פירא זוטא
   for example----------------------------כגון
    a fruit that grows----------------ירק הגדל  
   in one month-------------------בחדש אחד
    and they say ------------------ והא אמרינן 
    it says in the gemara later on ------------ (בגמרא (לקמן ע"ב 
  aspasta (hay) that grows in 1 month --------------- דאספסתא בחדש אחד
   it is a chazuka according to reb yeshmeal ------ הויא חזקה לרבי ישמעאל 
  it appears to the rei -----------ונראה לר"י 
  rabbi yishmael does not require --------------- דלא בעי רבי ישמעאל 
  that the wheat to be planted and harvested ------- שיזרע התבואה ויקצור 
  even if the (first owner) planted  ------------ אלא אפי' זרעה הראשון
   he the (machzik) planted in the last 3 months --------------------------- או הוא יזרענה בשלשה חדשים אחרונים 
  even if he didn't cut it down  ---------------- אע"פ שלא קצרה 
  and in this they argue --------------------  ובהא פליגי  
  rabbi yishmael holdes ------------------ דרבי ישמעאל סבר 
  we need the growth of the fruit --------- בעינן שיהא גדל הפרי 
  in his possession a lot ------------------- ברשותו הרבה 
  for example ------------------------------ כגון 
  three months ------------------------- ג' חדשים 
  and this is a big fruit -------------- והיינו פירא רבה 
  Rabbi Akiva holds ------------------------ ור"ע סבר 
  because its not necessary to grow on his property - דאין צריך שיגדל ברשותו 
  only for one month -------------- אלא חדש אחד
   and this is the meaning for small fruit ------------- והיינו פירא זוטא 
  and if you're going to ask -------------------- וא"ת
  how will it be noticeable---------------- היאך יהא ניכר
  that he will be able to have a chazka  ---------------- שיחזיק בה
  the 1st or the last -------------------- כל ג' חדשים ראשונים או אחרונים
  because in one day or in 2 days ----------------- 'כי ביום אחד או בב
    you can harvest ---------------------------- יוכל לקצור 
  or to plant -------------------------------------------- או לזרוע
  if you are going to ask ------------------------- וכי תימא
   that he can weed the field --------------------- שמנכש את השדה 
  you fix it ---------------------------------------- ומתקנו
  this is not a chazka  ------------------ הא לא הויא חזקה
   similar to the way regarding plowing  -------------------- מידי דהוה אניר 
  like you say later on ---------------- (:דאמר לקמן (דף לו
  you do not have a chazka ------------------ דלא הויא חזקה
  because he the (owner) can say ------------ משום דמימר אמר 
  every tooth of the plow --------------- כל שיבא דכרבא. 
  stick it in (field) ------------------------------------ ניעול בה 
  tosfos answers ------------------------------------------- וי"ל 
  for example eating shacas ------------ כגון שאוכלה שחת 
  like this we learned ------------------- (.והא דאמרי' (שם 
  he ate shacas  ------------------------- אכלה שחת  
  there isn't a chazka  -------------- לא הויא חזקה 
  this applies ------------------------------- ה"מ 
   if you eat in this way ---------- כשאוכל בענין זה 
  the food doesn't grow back ----------------- שאין התבואה חוזרת 
  in this it's possible to say ---------- לבא דשייך לומר 
   this is not a way of chazka ---------------- לאו אחזקת  
  like people ----------------------------- כדמחזקי אינשי 
  therefore -------------------------------------- לפיכך
  he did not think to screem לא חש למחות??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  but if you ate shacas --------- אבל אם אכלה שחת
   in a way that it will not ruin the wheat ------ בענין שאין התבואה מתקלקלת 
  the way people do ------------------- כדרך שבני אדם עושים
  so to by vegetable ------------------- בעוד שהוא ירק
  it didn't come --------------------------------- ולא בא עדיין 
   - גבעול שלה????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
   there is no chazka ---------------------- .הויא חזקה 
  and buy a tree field ------------------------- ובשדה אילן
   in this the raban argue ------------- דבעו רבנן דפליגי
   with  Rabbi yishmael in the gemara later on - אר' ישמעאל בגמרא???????????????????????????????????? 
    3 complete years ----------------------- מיום ליום ג' שנים 
  even though --------------------------------------- אע"ג
  it's not possible to eat shacas over there (tree field) -------- דלא שייך התם אכלה שחת
   in all places --------------------------------------- מ"מ 
    - איכא למימר???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
  for example ------------------------------------------ כגון 
  that he prones the trees ---------------- שזומר 
  and he kept the branches for in self ---------- ומעכב העצים לעצמו 
  even though -------------------------- ואע"ג 
  they get fixed with it ----------------- דמתקן בכך 
  and this is like plowing ----------- והוי כמו ניר 
   - כיון (שמתקן) העצים לעצמו??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
   it's not possible to say --------- לא שייך למימר 
  every tooth of the plow --------- כל שיבא דכרבא
  stick it in the (field) -------------------- ניעול בה
  the rei says even more ---------- ועוד אומר ר"י
  that he made a chazka in it (field) -------- דאחזיק בה 
   in this case ---------------------------- בכה"ג  
  he locks and fences in the field ---------- שנעל וגדר את השדה
  and he locks the opening --------------- ונועל במפתח 
  and he does not allow any person to enter ---------------------- ואין מניח אדם ליכנס 
   and this that the gemara says --------- (:והא דאמר בגמרא (דף כט 
   how do you make a chazka in a rock field ------------ צונמא במאי קני לה 
  we don't say ---------------------------- ולא קאמר
  for example ---------------------------------------- כגון 
  if he locks and fences --------------------- שנעלה וגדרה 
  we do say ------------------------------- איכא למימר
  locking by itself doesn't help -------------- דאין נעילה מועלת
  rather if so --------------------------------------- אא"כ
  there is a  eating in the field --------- איכא אכילה בהדה 
  or planting ---------------------------------- או זריעה 
  but if he locked it by itself (without an eating) ------ אבל נעילה גרידא 
  it doesn't help at all --------------- לא מהני מידי 
  and now ------------------------------------ והשתא 
  it comes out good ------------------------- אתי שפי 
  also to the rabanan and rabbi yishmael ---------- נמי לרבנן דרבי ישמעאל  
  
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  ...we should decree upon ourselves not to marry a woman: It is a wonder, as it is written, "be fruitful and multiply." And perhaps it is only referring to those who already fulfilled "be fruitful and multiply" [by having a son and a daughter]. And that the "descendants of Abraham will cease," is that they only give birth to a son and a daughter.
  
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  "And now that I have sworn who will annul it for me?" This is surprising why can't Ha-shem annul it himself? Since we concluded in the tractate of Holiday Offerings (page 10A) that oaths can be annuled from the pasuk "that I swore in my anger" (psalms 95:11) the Gemarah explains that one can annul it for oneself. "Since I swore in my anger, I can nullify the vow (ibid.)." We see from here that one can annul one's own vows. However, this doesn't make sense because it says "One can't go back on one's word." (Numbers 30:3) We learn from here that even a scholar can't go back on his own vow (tractate of Promises page 21B). It says in chapter four of the tractate of Promises (page 23A) that there was a launderer who dissolved his vow, but this doesn't mean that he dissolved it himself. Rather that he found a way for its dissolution that was then carried out by the Rabbinic authorities.
  
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  But here there is no possibility of repentance. And this is said specifically regrading the sexual sins that lead to no mamzer, but one who has intercourse with a married woman and gives birth from her, or from one of the other forbidden close relations, this is "a crooked thing cannot be made straight" (Eccl. 1:15) as it is said (Yevamot 21a) regarding teshuvah 'and behold Rabbi Chayim says that even though what is crooked cannot be made straight it is possible to do teshuvah as commanded by God, Who has commanded him to do teshuvah and sincerely repent, but a robber, whose teshuvah is dependent on returning what was stolen, as it is written "and he returns what he stole, etc." (Lev. 5:23), how can one who stole from the public know exactly from whom he has stolen to return [the property]? And even though it is said 'let him pay with [the stolen goods] the needs of the community' (Baba Kamma 94b) in any instance it is not complete teshuvah.