All of these are true about microalbuminuria
(A) Urine protein levels range from 20 mg/d to 200 mg/d (B) It is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity in diabetic patients (C) It is the earliest marker of diabetic nephropathy (D) It is not detected by routine dipstick method
(A) Ans: A. Urine protein levels range from 20 mg/d to 200 mg/d Refs Harrison 19/e p2425, 1582, 1813 18/e p2982, 29(SMicroalbuminuria:Defined as 30-299 mg/d in a 24-h collection or 30-299 mcg/mg creatinine in a spot collection.The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recently suggested that the terms previously used to refer to increased urinary protein (microalbuminuria as defined as 30-299 mg/d in a 24-h collection or 30-299ug/mg creatinine in a spot collection or macroalbuminuria as defined as >300 mg/24 h) be replaced by the phrases "persistent albuminuria (30-299 mg/24 lz)" and "persistent albuminuria (>300 mg/24 h)" to better reflect the continuous nature of albumin excretion in the urine as risk factor for nephropathy and cardiovascular disease (CVD).