0_Wizard
Ever heard of Yves Saint Laurent?
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé.
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Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
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Yves Saint Laurent (designer)
Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent (; 1 August 1936 – 1 June 2008), professionally known as Yves Saint-Laurent, was a French fashion designer who, in 1961, founded his eponymous fashion label. He is regarded as being among the foremost fashion designers in the twentieth century. In 1985, Caroline Rennolds Milbank wrote, "The most consistently celebrated and influential designer of the past twenty-five years, Yves Saint Laurent can be credited with both spurring the couture's rise from its 1960s ashes and with finally rendering ready-to-wear reputable." He was able to adapt his style to accommodate the changes in fashion during that period.
Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The company revived its haute couture collection in 2015 under former creative director Hedi Slimane. In April 2016, Anthony Vaccarello was appointed as the creative director. Founded in 1961, it has been considered one of the world's most prominent fashion houses and is known for its modern and iconic pieces, such as its tuxedo jackets for women. Today, Saint Laurent markets a broad range of women's and men's ready-to-wear products, leather goods, shoes, and jewellery.
Pierre Bergé
Pierre Bergé (; 14 November 1930 – 8 September 2017) was a French award-winning industrialist and patron. He co-founded the fashion label Yves Saint Laurent, and was a longtime business partner (and onetime life partner) of the eponymous designer. Bergé was born in Oléron (Charente-Maritime) on 14 November 1930. His mother, Christiane, was a progressive teacher, who used the Montessori method. His father worked for the tax office. Bergé attended the Lycée Eugène Fromentin in La Rochelle, and, later, went to Paris. On the day of his arrival, as he was walking on the Champs-Élysées, French poet Jacques Prévert landed on him following a fall from his apartment window.
Yves Saint Laurent (film)
Yves Saint Laurent is a 2014 French biographical drama film directed by Jalil Lespert and co-written with Jacques Fieschi, Jérémie Guez and Marie-Pierre Huster. The film is based on the life of Yves Saint Laurent from 1958. The film stars Pierre Niney, Guillaume Gallienne, Charlotte Le Bon, Laura Smet, Marie de Villepin, Xavier Lafitte and Nikolai Kinski. The film opened the Panorama Special section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival at the renovated Zoo Palast, with director, cast and Pierre Bergé in attendance. The film received seven nominations at the 40th César Awards, winning Best Actor for Pierre Niney.
Majorelle Garden
The Majorelle Garden (, hadiqat mmajuril, urti majuril) is a two and half acre botanical garden and artist's landscape garden in Marrakech, Morocco. It was created by French Orientalist artist, Jacques Majorelle over almost forty years, starting in 1923 and features a Cubist villa designed by French architect, Paul Sinoir in the 1930s. The property was the residence of the artist and his wife from 1923 until their divorce in the 1950s. In the 1980s, the property was purchased by fashion designers, Yves Saint-Laurent and Pierre Bergé who worked to restore it. Today the garden and villa complex is open to the public.
Charles of the Ritz
Charles of the Ritz is a former cosmetics brand known for its line of perfumes. In 1916, hairdresser Charles Jundt took over the Manhattan beauty salon of the New York City Ritz (later the Ritz-Carlton) hotel. He founded his own cosmetics company in 1919, and in 1926, began marketing beauty products under the name "Charles of the Ritz". Perfume was added to this line in 1927. In 1932, at the age of 24, Richard B. Salomon was named president of Charles of the Ritz, Inc. Twenty years later, he was elected chairman and chief executive officer. Salomon became known internationally as a businessman, philanthropist and humanitarian.
Hedi Slimane
Hedi Slimane (; born July 5, 1968) is a French photographer and fashion designer. From 2000 to 2007, he held the position of creative director for Dior Homme (the menswear line of Christian Dior). From 2012 to 2016, he was the creative director for Yves Saint Laurent. He left the brand on March 31, 2016. On January 21, 2018, LVMH announced Slimane would take reins at Céline as its artistic, creative and image director; he is set to begin work in February. Slimane was born to a Tunisian father and an Italian mother and in 1968 in the 19th arrondissement of Paris. At 11, he discovered photography, received his first camera and learned black and white darkroom printing.
1_Apprentice
Nope, what/who are they.
0_Wizard
They are a French luxury fashion house.
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé.
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Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
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Italian fashion
Italy is one of the leading countries in fashion design, alongside others such as France, United States, United Kingdom, Germany and Japan. Fashion has always been an important part of the country's cultural life and society, and Italians are well known for their attention of dressing-up well; ""la bella figura"", or good impression, remains traditional. Italian became prominent during the 11th–16th centuries, when artistic development in Italy was at its peak. Cities such as Palermo, Venice, Milan, Naples, Florence and Vicenza started to produce luxury goods, hats, cosmetics, jewelry and rich fabrics.
Givenchy
Givenchy () is a French luxury fashion and perfume house. It hosts the brand of haute couture clothing, accessories and Parfums Givenchy, perfumes and cosmetics. The house of Givenchy was founded in 1952 by designer Hubert de Givenchy and is a member of Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture et du Pret-a-Porter. It is owned by luxury conglomerate LVMH. Its current artistic director is Clare Waight Keller. In 1952, Hubert de Givenchy founded his own luxury house and launched a new collection "Les Séparables" with some floaty skirts and puffy blouses made from raw cotton. Givenchy achieved critical acclaim with Vogue magazine praising his "wonderful first collection"14.
Léo Marciano
Léo Marciano Paris is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1970 by the eponymous designer Léo Marciano. The house designed and retailed ready-to-wear and couture as well as leather goods, footwear and fashion accessories. While the Léo Marciano label is predominantly known for its womenswear, the company also ran a menswear line. The house had a notable following in France and Japan and was internationally distributed through its portfolio of retail stores. The brand was founded by Algerian-born French couturier Léo Marciano in 1970. Trained in industrial design, Léo Marciano began a teaching career in drawing before shifting his direction towards garment design and opening his eponymous fashion house.
Chloé
Chloé () is a French luxury fashion house founded in 1952 by Gaby Aghion. Aghion later joined forces with Jacques Lenoir in 1953, formally managing the business side of the brand, allowing Aghion to purely pursue the creative growth of Chloé. Its headquarters are located in Paris, France. The house is owned by luxury brands holding company Richemont Group. Chloé has been worn by many celebrities, including Marion Cotillard, Sienna Miller, Madonna, January Jones, Maggie Gyllenhaal, Cameron Diaz, Emma Stone, Clémence Poésy and Katie Holmes. Gaby Aghion was born in 1921 in Alexandria, Egypt. After moving to Paris, France in 1945, she founded Chloé in 1952 with a vision of offering luxury "prêt-à-porter" (Ready-To-Wear), a new concept at that time.
Balmain (fashion house)
Balmain () is a French luxury fashion house that was founded by Pierre Balmain in 1946. In 2016 Mayhoola Investments, an investment fund backed by the emir of Qatar, acquired Balmain for a figure reported as close to €500 million ($548 million). Balmain was 70 percent controlled by heirs of Alain Hivelin Balmain does not regularly release financial information, but Les Echos estimated its revenue in 2015 at €120 million (about $136 million), growing from an estimated €30 million (about $34 million) in 2012.Balmain expected to reach a revenue of €150 million in 2017, 90% of which is generated by the wholesale channel, and is also putting more effort into direct retail.
Chinese luxury shopping behaviour
This issue contributes to Chinese luxury shopping behaviour regarded to the basic aspects of luxury industry. This work offers further information about the history of fashion and luxury goods market in different part of the continent focusing more on Chinese market. We can get closer to this field of social aspect highlighting Chinese middle class luxury shopping behaviour and gain more information from the field of luxuries. The term luxury comes from the Latin ´luxuria´, which means the ´extras of life´. The concept of luxury goods refers to have expensive, exclusive goods. Those goods often enjoy high brand perceived quality, and are characterised by high price, superb quality, aesthetic design, heritage, reputation, exclusivity, desirability, personality.
Dolce &amp; Gabbana
Dolce & Gabbana () is an Italian luxury fashion house founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. The two met in Milan in 1980 and designed for the same fashion house. In 1982, they established a designer consulting studio; in time it grew to become "Dolce & Gabbana". They presented their first women's collection in 1985 in Milan, where a year later their store would open its doors. In 1988, they launched a leotard line, and in 1989 they began designing underwear and swimming costumes. Dolce & Gabbana started to export their products to Japan and other countries including the United States, where they founded their own showroom in 1990.
1_Apprentice
Oh really who founded it?
0_Wizard
Yep! It was founded by Yves Saint Laurent, believe it or not.
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé.
chosen_Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)_0
Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
chosen_topic_0_Yves_Saint_Laurent_brand
Yves Saint Laurent (designer)
Yves Henri Donat Mathieu-Saint-Laurent (; 1 August 1936 – 1 June 2008), professionally known as Yves Saint-Laurent, was a French fashion designer who, in 1961, founded his eponymous fashion label. He is regarded as being among the foremost fashion designers in the twentieth century. In 1985, Caroline Rennolds Milbank wrote, "The most consistently celebrated and influential designer of the past twenty-five years, Yves Saint Laurent can be credited with both spurring the couture's rise from its 1960s ashes and with finally rendering ready-to-wear reputable." He was able to adapt his style to accommodate the changes in fashion during that period.
Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The company revived its haute couture collection in 2015 under former creative director Hedi Slimane. In April 2016, Anthony Vaccarello was appointed as the creative director. Founded in 1961, it has been considered one of the world's most prominent fashion houses and is known for its modern and iconic pieces, such as its tuxedo jackets for women. Today, Saint Laurent markets a broad range of women's and men's ready-to-wear products, leather goods, shoes, and jewellery.
Pierre Bergé
Pierre Bergé (; 14 November 1930 – 8 September 2017) was a French award-winning industrialist and patron. He co-founded the fashion label Yves Saint Laurent, and was a longtime business partner (and onetime life partner) of the eponymous designer. Bergé was born in Oléron (Charente-Maritime) on 14 November 1930. His mother, Christiane, was a progressive teacher, who used the Montessori method. His father worked for the tax office. Bergé attended the Lycée Eugène Fromentin in La Rochelle, and, later, went to Paris. On the day of his arrival, as he was walking on the Champs-Élysées, French poet Jacques Prévert landed on him following a fall from his apartment window.
Yves Saint Laurent (film)
Yves Saint Laurent is a 2014 French biographical drama film directed by Jalil Lespert and co-written with Jacques Fieschi, Jérémie Guez and Marie-Pierre Huster. The film is based on the life of Yves Saint Laurent from 1958. The film stars Pierre Niney, Guillaume Gallienne, Charlotte Le Bon, Laura Smet, Marie de Villepin, Xavier Lafitte and Nikolai Kinski. The film opened the Panorama Special section of the 64th Berlin International Film Festival at the renovated Zoo Palast, with director, cast and Pierre Bergé in attendance. The film received seven nominations at the 40th César Awards, winning Best Actor for Pierre Niney.
Majorelle Garden
The Majorelle Garden (, hadiqat mmajuril, urti majuril) is a two and half acre botanical garden and artist's landscape garden in Marrakech, Morocco. It was created by French Orientalist artist, Jacques Majorelle over almost forty years, starting in 1923 and features a Cubist villa designed by French architect, Paul Sinoir in the 1930s. The property was the residence of the artist and his wife from 1923 until their divorce in the 1950s. In the 1980s, the property was purchased by fashion designers, Yves Saint-Laurent and Pierre Bergé who worked to restore it. Today the garden and villa complex is open to the public.
Charles of the Ritz
Charles of the Ritz is a former cosmetics brand known for its line of perfumes. In 1916, hairdresser Charles Jundt took over the Manhattan beauty salon of the New York City Ritz (later the Ritz-Carlton) hotel. He founded his own cosmetics company in 1919, and in 1926, began marketing beauty products under the name "Charles of the Ritz". Perfume was added to this line in 1927. In 1932, at the age of 24, Richard B. Salomon was named president of Charles of the Ritz, Inc. Twenty years later, he was elected chairman and chief executive officer. Salomon became known internationally as a businessman, philanthropist and humanitarian.
Hedi Slimane
Hedi Slimane (; born July 5, 1968) is a French photographer and fashion designer. From 2000 to 2007, he held the position of creative director for Dior Homme (the menswear line of Christian Dior). From 2012 to 2016, he was the creative director for Yves Saint Laurent. He left the brand on March 31, 2016. On January 21, 2018, LVMH announced Slimane would take reins at Céline as its artistic, creative and image director; he is set to begin work in February. Slimane was born to a Tunisian father and an Italian mother and in 1968 in the 19th arrondissement of Paris. At 11, he discovered photography, received his first camera and learned black and white darkroom printing.
1_Apprentice
Oh when was that?
0_Wizard
I'm not sure, but he founded it with his partner Pierre Berge.
Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé.
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Yves Saint Laurent (brand)
chosen_topic_0_Yves_Saint_Laurent_brand
Einar Riis
Einar Riis (19 October 1922 – 30 May 2006), was a Norwegian Consul in Rome, aircraft broker, husband of Mrs. Amelia Riis, daughter of shipowner Kristoffer Olsen. He was born in Vestre Aker, Oslo, Norway on 19 October 1922 and died in Arvika, Sweden on 30 May 2006. Einar Riis grew up in Ljan, just outside Oslo, Norway, the 3rd of 4 brothers. During the war he was active in the Norwegian Resistance Movement, and participated in several famous sabotage actions against the occupying forces. Among these the temerarious sinking of German military ships in the harbor of Oslo (Operation Mardonius), described in the Norwegian Resistance hero Max Manus' book "Det vil helst gå godt" and in the movie .
Fredrik Semb Berge
Fredrik Semb Berge (born 6 February 1990) is a Norwegian footballer who plays as a defender for Odds Ballklubb. Hailing from Skien, Berge joined the youth-ranks of Odd at the age of 15, and made his first-team debut in 2009. The following season, he became a regular in the team's central defence. Berge has represented his country at youth international level, and was included in the Norwegian under-21 squad for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship. He has also been capped at senior level, making his debut for Norway in 2013. Berge was born in Skien, and started to play youth-football for Storm at the age of seven.
BW Group
BW Group is a global maritime group involved in shipping, floating gas infrastructure and deepwater oil & gas production. The company has a fleet of over 165 vessels. The group was founded by Sir Yue-Kong Pao in Hong Kong in 1955 as World-Wide Shipping. In 2003, the company acquired Bergesen d.y. ASA, Norway's largest shipping company, which was founded in 1935 by Sigval Bergesen the Younger. In 2005, the business was re-branded as BW. With its LNG and LPG fleets combined, BW Group operates the world's largest gas shipping fleet of more than 70 large gas vessels, including three FSRUs (floating storage and regasification units).
Strong perfect graph theorem
In graph theory, the strong perfect graph theorem is a forbidden graph characterization of the perfect graphs as being exactly the graphs that have neither odd holes (odd-length induced cycles) nor odd antiholes (complements of odd holes). It was conjectured by Claude Berge in 1961. A proof by Maria Chudnovsky, Neil Robertson, Paul Seymour, and Robin Thomas was announced in 2002 and published by them in 2006. The proof of the strong perfect graph theorem won for its authors a $10,000 prize offered by Gérard Cornuéjols of Carnegie Mellon University and the 2009 Fulkerson Prize. A perfect graph is a graph in which, for every induced subgraph, the size of the maximum clique equals the minimum number of colors in a coloring of the graph; perfect graphs include many well-known graph classes including the bipartite graphs, chordal graphs, and comparability graphs.
Sieben Berge
The Sieben Berge ("Seven Hills") are a ridge of hills up to in the Lower Saxon Hills in the district of Hildesheim, Lower Saxony (Germany). Together with the Vorberge and the Sackwald the Sieben Berge belong to the geological formation of the Sackmulde. They are famous as a result of the fairy tale, Snow White. The Sieben Berge ridge is located in the east of the Leine Uplands, a northern part of the Lower Saxon Hills. It lies between Gronau on the Leine to the north, Sibbesse to the northeast and Alfeld to the south. The Sieben Berge are surrounded by the hills of the Hildesheim Forest to the northeast, the Sauberge to the east-northeast, the Vorberge to the east and the Sackwald to the southeast.
Perfect graph
In graph theory, a perfect graph is a graph in which the chromatic number of every induced subgraph equals the size of the largest clique of that subgraph. Due to the strong perfect graph theorem, perfect graphs are the same as Berge graphs. A graph G is a Berge graph if neither G nor its complement has an odd-length induced cycle of length 5 or more. The perfect graphs include many important families of graphs, and serve to unify results relating colorings and cliques in those families. For instance, in all perfect graphs, the graph coloring problem, maximum clique problem, and maximum independent set problem can all be solved in polynomial time.
Trivial (film)
Trivial () is a 2007 French crime drama film directed by Sophie Marceau and starring Christopher Lambert, Sophie Marceau, and Nicolas Briançon. Written by Marceau, Gianguido Spinelli, and Jacques Deschamps, the film is about a police inspector, struggling with depression following his wife's death, who investigates a suspicious missing person's case at the request of a mysterious woman. Filmed on location in Normandy, France, "Trivial" is the second feature-length motion picture directed by actress Sophie Marceau. Lt. Jacques Renard (Christopher Lambert) is struggling with depression following the untimely death of his beloved wife, Chloé.