0_Wizard
Marketing refers to the study of exchange relationships.
Marketing is the study and management of exchange relationships.
chosen_Marketing_0
Marketing
chosen_topic_0_Marketing
Leader–member exchange theory
The leader–member exchange (LMX) theory is a relationship-based approach to leadership that focuses on the two-way (dyadic) relationship between leaders and followers. It suggests that leaders develop an exchange with each of their subordinates, and that the quality of these leader–member exchange relationships influences subordinates' responsibility, decisions, and access to resources and performance. Relationships are based on trust and respect and are often emotional relationships that extend beyond the scope of employment. Leader–member exchange may promote positive employment experiences and augment organizational effectiveness.
Relationship marketing
Relationship marketing was first defined as a form of marketing developed from direct response marketing campaigns which emphasizes customer retention and satisfaction, rather than a focus on sales transactions. Relationship marketing differs from other forms of marketing in that it recognizes the long term value of customer relationships and extends communication beyond intrusive advertising and sales promotional messages. With the growth of the internet and mobile platforms, relationship marketing has continued to evolve as technology opens more collaborative and social communication channels.
Gift economy
A gift economy, gift culture, or gift exchange is a mode of exchange where valuables are not traded or sold, but rather given without an explicit agreement for immediate or future rewards. This contrasts with a barter economy or a market economy, where goods and services are primarily exchanged for value received. Social norms and custom govern gift exchange. Gifts are not given in an explicit exchange of goods or services for money or some other commodity. The nature of gift economies forms the subject of a foundational debate in anthropology. Anthropological research into gift economies began with Bronisław Malinowski's description of the Kula ring in the Trobriand Islands during World War I.
Marketing
Marketing is the study and management of exchange relationships. Marketing is used to create, keep and satisfy the customer. With the customer as the focus of its activities, it can be concluded that Marketing is one of the premier components of Business Management - the other being Innovation. Marketing is defined by the American Marketing Association as ""the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large."" The term developed from the original meaning which referred literally to going to market with goods for sale.
Target audience
A target audience is the intended audience or readership of a publication, advertisement, or other message. In marketing and advertising, it is a particular group of consumers within the predetermined target market, identified as the targets or recipients for a particular advertisement or message. Businesses that have a wide target market will focus on a specific target audience for certain messages to send, such as The Body Shops Mother's Day advertisements, which were aimed at the children and spouses of women, rather than the whole market which would have included the women themselves. A target audience is formed from the same factors as a target market, but it is more specific, and is susceptible to influence from other factors.
Trait activation theory
Trait activation theory is a personality theory of work performance based on the concept of trait activation, that is derived from an integration of trait theory, situationism, and personality-job fit theory. "Trait theory" is a psychological approach that includes studying personality traits as relatively stable individual differences that describe general predispositions or predictable common patterns of thinking and experiencing emotions that influence behavior. In fact, personality traits have been associated with important life outcomes (see Personality and life outcomes). The most well-known description or categorization of personality traits is called the "Big Five personality traits" which includes five broad personality dimensions: conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, openness, and neuroticism (or emotional stability).
Power distance
Power distance is the extent to which the lower ranking individuals of a society "accept and expect that power is distributed unequally". It is primarily used in psychological and sociological studies on societal management of inequalities between individuals, and individual's perceptions of that management. People in societies with a high power distance are more likely to conform to a hierarchy where "everybody has a place and which needs no further justification". In societies with a low power distance, individuals tend to try to distribute power equally. In such societies, inequalities of power among people would require additional justification.
1_Apprentice
what is the main goal of marketing?
0_Wizard
To create and satisfy the customer to purchase goods.
Marketing is used to create, keep and satisfy the customer.
chosen_Marketing_0
Marketing
chosen_topic_0_Marketing
Retail
Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity. Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than "rude booths" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era. Retailing involves the process of selling consumer goods or Services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit. Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain. Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers. The term "retailer" is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of a large number of individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele.
Consumer behaviour
Consumer behaviour is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and all the activities associated with the purchase, use and disposal of goods and services, including the consumer's emotional, mental and behavioural responses that precede or follow these activities. Consumer behaviour emerged in the 1940s and 50s as a distinct sub-discipline in the marketing area. Consumer behaviour is an inter-disciplinary social science that blends elements from psychology, sociology, social anthropology, ethnography, marketing and economics, especially behavioural economics. It examines how emotions, attitudes and preferences affect buying behaviour.
Touchpoint
A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.). When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016). Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers. Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).
Operations management for services
Operations management for services has the functional responsibility for producing the services of an organization and providing them directly to its customers. It specifically deals with decisions required by operations managers for simultaneous production and consumption of an intangible product. These decisions concern the process, people, information and the system that produces and delivers the service. It differs from operations management in general, since the processes of service organizations differ from those of manufacturing organizations. In a post-industrial economy, service firms provide most of the GDP and employment.
Credit card
A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts so paid plus the other agreed charges. The card issuer (usually a bank) creates a revolving account and grants a line of credit to the cardholder, from which the cardholder can borrow money for payment to a merchant or as a cash advance. In other words, credit cards combine payment services with extensions of credit. Complex fee structures in the credit card industry may limit customers' ability to comparison shop, help ensure that the industry is not price-competitive and help maximize industry profits.
Sales taxes in the United States
Sales taxes in the United States are taxes placed on the sale or lease of goods and services in the United States. In the United States, sales tax is governed at the state level and no national general sales tax exists. Forty-five states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and Guam impose general sales taxes that apply to the sale or lease of most goods and some services, and states also may levy selective sales taxes on the sale or lease of particular goods or services. States may also delegate to local governments the authority to impose additional general or selective sales taxes. Since January 2017, 5 states (Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire and Oregon) do not levy a statewide sales tax, while California has the highest state sales tax with a base rate of 7.25%.
Online shopping
Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine, which displays the same product's availability and pricing at different e-retailers. As of 2016, customers can shop online using a range of different computers and devices, including desktop computers, laptops, tablet computers and smartphones. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a regular "bricks-and-mortar" retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping.
1_Apprentice
is marketing a truthful practice, or is it commonly deceptive
0_Wizard
The term originally came from going to the market with goods for sale, but I agree - it can be commonly deceptive.
The term developed from the original meaning which referred literally to going to market with goods for sale.
chosen_Marketing_0
Marketing
chosen_topic_0_Marketing
South African law of sale
The South African law of sale is an area of the legal system in that country that describes rules applicable to a contract of sale (or, to be more specific, purchase and sale, or "emptio venditio"), generally described as a contract whereby one person agrees to deliver to another the free possession of a thing in return for a price in money. The contract of sale, as it is known in South Africa today, derives its origins from the Roman consensual contract of "emptio venditio". In "D" 18.1 (the title devoted to the contract of emptio venditio), there is no all-embracing definition of the special contract, but certain critical features can be extracted from the early fragments of the title:  Sale is a contract of the law of nations, and so is concluded by simple agreement.
Oddworld Inhabitants
Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning. The company is primarily known for the incomplete "Oddworld Quintology", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures. The series debuted with "" in 1997 and continued with "" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles "" in 1998 and "" in 2005. Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of "Stranger's Wrath", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, "The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot".
South African contract law
South African contract law is ‘essentially a modernised version of the Roman-Dutch law of contract’, which is itself rooted in canon and Roman laws. In the broadest definition, a contract is an agreement two or more parties enter into with the serious intention of creating a legal obligation. Contract law provides a legal framework within which persons can transact business and exchange resources, secure in the knowledge that the law will uphold their agreements and, if necessary, enforce them. The law of contract underpins private enterprise in South Africa and regulates it in the interest of fair dealing.
Australian contract law
Australian contract law concerns the legal enforcement of promises that were made as part of a bargain freely entered into, forming a legal relationship called a contract. The common law in Australia is based on the inherited English contract law, with specific statutory modifications of principles in some areas and the development of the law through the decisions of Australian courts, which have diverged somewhat from the English courts especially since the 1980s. This article is an overview of the key concepts with particular reference to Australian statutes and decisions. See contract law for very general doctrines relating to contract law.
English contract law
English contract law is a body of law regulating contracts in England and Wales. With its roots in the lex mercatoria and the activism of the judiciary during the industrial revolution, it shares a heritage with countries across the Commonwealth (such as Australia, Canada, India), and to a lesser extent the United States. It is also experiencing gradual change because of the UK's membership of the European Union and international organisations like Unidroit. Any agreement that is enforceable in court is a contract. Because a contract is a voluntary obligation, in contrast to paying compensation for a tort and restitution to reverse unjust enrichment, English law places a high value on ensuring people have truly consented to the deals that bind them in court.
Retail
Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity. Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than "rude booths" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era. Retailing involves the process of selling consumer goods or Services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit. Retailers satisfy demand identified through a supply chain. Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers. The term "retailer" is typically applied where a service provider fills the small orders of a large number of individuals, who are end-users, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele.
Value-form
The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism. It refers to the "social form" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need. The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not. Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.
1_Apprentice
what is guerilla marketing?
0_Wizard
Apparently it's a film by Jayantha Chandrasiri
Guerilla Marketing () is a 2005 Sri Lankan Sinhala action thriller film directed by Jayantha Chandrasiri and produced by K.C.K Communications for Euroshian Consultancy.
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Guerilla Marketing
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Premasiri Khemadasa
Deshamanya Kala Keerthi Dr.Premasiri Khemadasa (Sinhala: ආචාර්ය ප්‍රේමසිරි කේමදාස ) (25 January 1937 – 24 October 2008) also known as "Khemadasa Master" was a Sri Lankan music composer. Exploring the various styles of music around the world Khemadasa endeavoured to develop a unique style of music. He combined Sinhala folk tunes, Hindustani music, Western music and many other streams of music in his compositions while adapting them to fit contemporary music. Khemadasa grew up in Talpitiya, Wadduwa and attended St. John's College Panadura and then Sri Sumangala College Panadura. As a teenager, he became a gifted flautist.
Maharaja Gemunu
Maharaja Gemunu (King Gemunu) () is a 2015 Sri Lankan Sinhala epic film directed by Jayantha Chandrasiri and produced by Gunapala Rathnasekara for Sipvin Films. It stars Uddika Premarathna and Jackson Anthony in lead roles along with Sriyantha Mendis and Yashoda Wimaladharma. Music composed by Nadeeka Guruge. It is the 1221st Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema. The movie is based on the odyssey of King Gemunu (ruler of Sri Lanka 161–137 BC) who is renowned for defeating and overthrowing King Elara, the usurping Tamil prince from the Chola Kingdom, who had invaded the Kingdom of Rajarata in 205 BC.
Kamal Addararachchi
Kamal Addararachchi - කමල් අද්දරආරච්චි (born Addararachchige Gunendra Kamal on 5 February 1962) is an award-winning Sri Lankan film and teledrama actor, singer and presenter. He made his debut as an actor in Gamini Fonseka's 1981 film "Sagarayak Meda", whilst he was a still a student at school. Since the late 1970s, he has appeared in a variety of roles in many films and teledramas. Addararachchi, has acted in over 40 films, 20 teledramas and 6 stage plays, and won the Sarasaviya Best Actor Award for his role of Sobana in "Agnidahaya" in 2002. He also made a mark as a singer in 1993 with "Unmadawoo," a duet with Damayanthi Jayasooriya, which featured in the film "Saptha Kanya".
Matara Electoral District
Matara electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Matara in the Southern province. The district currently elects 8 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 578,858 registered electors in 2010. Results of the 1st presidential election held on 20 October 1982 for the district:  Results of the 2nd presidential election held on 19 December 1988 for the district:  Results of the 9th parliamentary election held on 15 February 1989 for the district:  The following candidates were elected: Gamini Fonseka (UNP), 19,618 preference votes (pv); Mahinda Wijesekara (SLFP), 18,517 pv; Mangala Samaraweera (SLFP), 11,971 pv; Ranjan Wijayawardhana (UNP), 9,925 pv; Abeywardhana Dayananda Wickremasinghe (UNP), 9,579 pv; Madurapala Ediriweera (UNP), 8,562 pv; H. R Piyasiri (UNP), 8,446 pv; Hewagampolage Sirisena (SLFP), 8,212 pv; and Peter Silva Loku Galappaththy (UNP), 7,094 pv.
Sugath Chandrasiri Bandara
Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Sugath Chandrasiri Bandara (; died 3 February 2009) was a Sri Lanka Army soldier. He served with the army's elite Special Forces Regiment during Eelam War IV, the final stage of the Sri Lankan Civil War. Chandrasiri Bandara received the Parama Weera Vibhushanaya, Sri Lanka's highest military award for gallantry, for thwarting a suicide attack by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (commonly known as LTTE or Tamil Tigers) against the army at the cost of his own life. Chandrasiri Bandara was born and raised in Bibile, a town in the Monaragala District. He later married his wife, Mangalika, and moved to Ratmalana.
Colombo Electoral District
Colombo Electoral District is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Colombo in the Western province. The district currently elects 19 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 1,552,734 registered electors in 2014. Results of the 1st presidential election held on 20 October 1982:  Results of the 1st Western provincial council election held on 2 June 1988:  Results of the 2nd presidential election held on 19 December 1988:  Results of the 9th parliamentary election held on 15 February 1989:  The following candidates were elected: Lalith Athulathmudali (UNP), 235,447 preference votes (pv); Bulathsinghalage Sirisena Cooray (UNP), 92,263 pv; Stanley Tillekeratne (SLFP), 83,636 pv; Dinesh Gunawardena (MEP), 70,616 pv; Arachchige Jinadasa Niyathapala (SLFP) 67,804 pv; C. V. Gunaratne (SLFP), 60,603 pv; Bandula Gunawardane (MEP), 50,861 pv; Dixon Perera (SLFP), 50,735 pv; Gamini Lokuge (UNP), 48,790 pv; M. H. Mohamed (UNP), 47,451 pv; Tyronne Fernando (UNP), 44,718 pv; Premaratne Gunasekera (UNP), 44,559 pv; Vincent Perera (UNP), 42,776 pv; Weerasinghe Mallimarachchi (UNP), 41,508 pv; Kingsley Wickramaratne (SLFP), 38,815 pv; Nimal Siripala de Silva (SLFP), 38,647 pv; Sunethra Ranasinghe (UNP), 37,165 pv; M. S. Sellasamy (CWC), 36,480 pv, Mohamed Jabir Abdul Cader (UNP), 30,252 pv; and Malwattage Nimal Ransiri Peiris (UNP), 27,130 pv.
Jackson Anthony
Konganige Joseph Malsi Jackson Anthony commonly known as Jackson Anthony ( ජැක්සන් ඇන්තනී ) is an award-winning actor in Sri Lankan cinema. Though he has become popular from his career as an actor (in Television, Stage and Cinema). He has appeared before the public in versatile forms; director, producer, singer, screenwriter, Television host, novelist, columnist and lyricist. While he's recognized as "Jackson" by many people, his parents used to call him "Malsi". He received his primary education at Hapugoda Junior School and St. Mary's College in Bandarawela and later entered Galahitiyawa Central College in Ganemulla.
1_Apprentice
It seems like a lot of companies are intentionally using bad press to get free marketing
0_Wizard
I agree, they seem to feed off of it. Social media is playing a huge role with marketing now
Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.
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Social media
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Social media
Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks. The variety of stand-alone and built-in social media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there are some common features:  Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on desktop, computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers). When engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online.
Social media marketing
Social media marketing is the use of social media platforms and websites to promote a product or service. Although the terms e-marketing and digital marketing are still dominant in academia, social media marketing is becoming more popular for both practitioners and researchers. Most social media platforms have built-in data analytics tools, which enable companies to track the progress, success, and engagement of ad campaigns. Companies address a range of stakeholders through social media marketing, including current and potential customers, current and potential employees, journalists, bloggers, and the general public.
Privacy concerns with social networking services
Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat. The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information. The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.
Celebrity branding
Celebrity branding or celebrity endorsement is a form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy used by brands, companies, or a non-profit organization which involves celebrities or a well-known person using their social status or their fame to help promote a product, service or even raise awareness on environmental or social matters. Marketers use celebrity endorsers in hopes that the positive images of the celebrity endorser of the brand will also be passed on to the products or the brand image associated with the celebrities. Celebrity endorsement is usually commonly used by fashion or beauty brands, but a non-profit organization relies on celebrities as well, as celebrities have mass communication skills which can attract people's attention and is helpful in reaching a wider audience to raise their awareness towards a certain organization or an issue.
Target audience
A target audience is the intended audience or readership of a publication, advertisement, or other message. In marketing and advertising, it is a particular group of consumers within the predetermined target market, identified as the targets or recipients for a particular advertisement or message. Businesses that have a wide target market will focus on a specific target audience for certain messages to send, such as The Body Shops Mother's Day advertisements, which were aimed at the children and spouses of women, rather than the whole market which would have included the women themselves. A target audience is formed from the same factors as a target market, but it is more specific, and is susceptible to influence from other factors.
Social networking service
A social networking service (also social networking site, SNS or social media) is an online platform that people use to build social networks or social relations with other people who share similar personal or career interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections. The variety of stand-alone and built-in social networking services currently available online introduces challenges of definition; however, some common features exist:   Most social-network services are web-based and provide means for users to interact over the Internet, such as by e-mail, by instant messaging and through online forums.
Touchpoint
A touchpoint can be defined as any way a consumer can interact with a business, whether it be person-to-person, through a website, an app or any form of communication (“Touchpoint Glossary”, n.d.). When consumers come in contact with these touchpoints it gives them the opportunity to compare their prior perceptions of the business and form an opinion (Stein, & Ramaseshan, 2016). Touchpoints in marketing communications are the varying ways that a brand interacts and displays information to prospective customers and current customers. Touchpoints allow customers to have experiences every time they “touch’ any part of the product, service, brand or organization, across multiple channels and various points in time (Pantano and Milena, 2015 and Zomerdijk and Voss, 2010).
1_Apprentice
do you think that is a good thing or a bad thing for consumers?