0_Wizard
I love to collect bugs when I'm at the park and put them in jars.  I've been told I'd make a good entomologist, since I love studying insects!
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.
chosen_Entomology_0
Entomology
chosen_topic_0_Entomology
Entomological evidence collection
Entomological evidence collection is the process of collecting evidence based on insect clues used in criminal investigations. If evidence is not carefully preserved at a crime scene after a death, it may be difficult or impossible for an entomologist to make an accurate identification of specimens, if for example, all morphological characteristics are not preserved. One of the most valuable things a forensic entomologist has is his collection kit. There are commercially available insect evidence collection kits , but you can customize your own to meet geographical and budget requirements. Below is a list of necessary tools.
Insect wing
Insect wings are adult outgrowths of the insect exoskeleton that enable insects to fly. They are found on the second and third thoracic segments (the mesothorax and metathorax), and the two pairs are often referred to as the forewings and hindwings, respectively, though a few insects lack hindwings, even rudiments. The wings are strengthened by a number of longitudinal veins, which often have cross-connections that form closed "cells" in the membrane (extreme examples include the dragonflies and lacewings). The patterns resulting from the fusion and cross-connection of the wing veins are often diagnostic for different evolutionary lineages and can be used for identification to the family or even genus level in many orders of insects.
Indiana Policy Review Foundation
The Indiana Policy Review Foundation (IPR) is an Indiana libertarian, free market think tank. According to its web site, the IRP's mission is to "marshal the best thought on governmental, economic and educational issues at the state and municipal level." The IRP publishes the "Indiana Polic Review". Based in Fort Wayne, Indiana, it is a non-profit, tax-exempt organization. IRP is a member of the State Policy Network, an umbrella organization of conservative and libertarian think tanks operating at the state level. IPR was co-founded by its board president, Byron S. Lamm, in 1989. Vice President and former Indiana governor Mike Pence was its president from 1991 to 1994, and claimed at a campaign event in 2012 that he helped found it.
LGBT rights in the United States
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in the United States vary on a basis. Since June 26, 2003, sexual activity between consenting adults of the same sex as well as same-sex adolescents of a close age has been legal nationwide, pursuant to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in "Lawrence v. Texas". As of June 26, 2015, all states license and recognize marriage between same-sex couples as a result of the Supreme Court decision in "Obergefell v. Hodges". However, the United States has no federal law outlawing discrimination nationwide other than from federal executive orders which have a more limited scope than from protections through federal legislation.
Forensic entomology and the law
Forensic entomology deals with the collection of arthropodic evidence and its application, and through a series of tests and previously set of rules, general admissibility of said evidence is determined. Forensic entomology may come into play in a variety of legal cases, including crime scene investigation, abuse and neglect cases, accidents, insect infestation, and food contamination. The admissibility of forensic evidence is left up to the judgement of the court. To provide a strong basis of admissibility for the evidence, accurate documentation is essential so that there is no room for speculation as to the authenticity of the evidence.
Tessaratomidae
Tessaratomidae is a family of true bugs. It contains about 240 species of large bugs divided into 3 subfamilies and 56 genera. Tessaratomids resemble large stink bugs (family Pentatomidae) and are sometimes quite colorful. Most tessaratomids are Old World, with only three species known from the Neotropics. Some members of Tessaratomidae exhibit maternal care of eggs and offspring. The defensive chemicals of certain species can cause significant damage if they come into contact with human skin; they may also cause temporary blindness. All species are exclusively plant-eaters, some of major economic importance as agricultural pests.
Bed bug
Bed bugs are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood. "Cimex lectularius", the common bed bug, is the best known as it prefers to feed on human blood; other "Cimex" species specialize in other animals, e.g., bat bugs, such as "Cimex pipistrelli" (Europe), "Cimex pilosellus" (Western United States), and "Cimex adjunctus" (entire Eastern United States). The name bed bug derives from the preferred habitat of "Cimex lectularius": warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas. Bed bugs are mainly active at night, but are not exclusively nocturnal.
1_Apprentice
Bugs are pretty fascinating!  Did you go to school for entomology?
0_Wizard
No, but I should have.  There are elements of entomology across all human cultures.
Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.
chosen_Entomology_0
Entomology
chosen_topic_0_Entomology
Anthropology
Anthropology is the study of various aspects of humans within past and present societies. Social anthropology and cultural anthropology study the norms and values of societies. Linguistic anthropology studies how language affects social life. Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans. Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right or grouped under other related disciplines, such as history.
Insects in culture
The roles of insects in culture span different aspects of human life, whether analysed academically or more generally. Academically, the interaction of insects and society has been treated in part as cultural entomology, dealing mostly with "advanced" societies, and in part as ethnoentomology, dealing mostly with "primitive" societies, though the distinction is weak and not based on theory. Both academic disciplines explore the parallels, connections and influence of insects on human populations, and vice versa. They are rooted in anthropology and natural history, as well as entomology, the study of insects.
List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology
Forensic entomology is the study of insects related to humans. There are three areas associated with forensic entomology; urban entomology, stored products entomology, and mediocriminal entomology. This page deals only with the area of mediocriminology and the schools and organizations associated with it. Mediocriminology is the interaction of the criminal justice system and the use of insects for investigations pertaining to the deaths of humans. This is a growing science in which nations around the world are partaking in research to expand its applications. The following list of schools and organizations is not comprehensive due to the ever-changing nature of forensic entomology.
Entomology
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs. This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use. Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology. Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.
Forensic entomology
Forensic entomology is the scientific study of the invasion of the succession pattern of arthropods with their developmental stages of different species found on the decomposed cadavers during legal investigations. It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters. It also involves the application of the study of arthropods, including insects, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes, and crustaceans to criminal or legal cases. It is primarily associated with death investigations; however, it may also be used to detect drugs and poisons, determine the location of an incident, and find the presence and time of the infliction of wounds.
American anthropology
American anthropology has culture as its central and unifying concept. This most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded experiences socially. American anthropology is organized into four fields, each of which plays an important role in research on culture:   Research in these fields has influenced anthropologists working in other countries to different degrees. Discussion concerning culture among biological anthropologists centers around two debates. First, is culture uniquely human or shared by other species (most notably, other primates)?
Premastication
Premastication, pre-chewing, or kiss feeding is the act of chewing food for the purpose of physically breaking it down in order to feed another that is incapable of masticating the food by themselves. This is often done by the mother or relatives of a baby to produce baby food capable of being consumed by the child during the weaning process. The chewed food in the form of a bolus is transferred from the mouth of one individual to another, either directly mouth-to-mouth, via utensils, hands, or is further cooked or processed prior to feeding. The behaviour was common throughout human history and societies and observed in non-human animals.
1_Apprentice
What are some of the elements?
0_Wizard
A lot of the roots lie in agriculture.  It's especially important for beekeepers!
Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.
chosen_Entomology_0
Entomology
chosen_topic_0_Entomology
Colony collapse disorder
Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is the phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a colony disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen. While such disappearances have occurred throughout the history of apiculture, and were known by various names (disappearing disease, spring dwindle, May disease, autumn collapse, and fall dwindle disease), the syndrome was renamed colony collapse disorder in late 2006 in conjunction with a drastic rise in the number of disappearances of western honey bee ("Apis mellifera") colonies in North America.
Beekeeping
Beekeeping (or apiculture) is the maintenance of honey bee colonies, commonly in man-made hives, by humans. A beekeeper (or apiarist) keeps bees in order to collect their honey and other products that the hive produces (including beeswax, propolis, pollen, and royal jelly), to pollinate crops, or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers. A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee yard." Depictions of humans collecting honey from wild bees date to 10,000 years ago. Beekeeping in pottery vessels began about 9,000 years ago in North Africa. Domestication is shown in Egyptian art from around 4,500 years ago.
Western honey bee
The western honey bee or European honey bee ("Apis mellifera") is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bee worldwide. The genus name "Apis" is Latin for "bee", and "mellifera" is the Latin for "honey-bearing", referring to the species' production of honey for the winter. Like all honey bees, the western honey bee is eusocial, creating colonies with a single fertile female (or "queen"), many sterile females or "workers," and small proportion of fertile males or "drones." Individual colonies can house tens of thousands of bees. Colony activities are organized by complex communication between individuals, through both pheromones and the dance language.
Beekeeper
A beekeeper is a person who keeps honey bees. Honey bees produce commodities such as honey, beeswax, pollen, propolis, and royal jelly, while some beekeepers also raise queens and bees to sell to other farmers and to satisfy scientific curiosity. Beekeepers also use honeybees to provide pollination services to fruit and vegetable growers. Many people keep bees as a hobby. Others do it for income either as a sideline to other work or as a commercial operator. These factors affect the number of colonies maintained by the beekeeper. Beekeepers are also called honey farmers, apiarists, or less commonly, apiculturists (both from the Latin "", bee; cf.
Honeybee starvation
Honey bee starvation is a problem for beekeepers. Starvation may be caused by unfavorable weather, disease, long distance transportation or depleting food reserve. Over-harvesting of honey (and the lack of supplemental feeding) is the foremost cause for scarcity as bees are not left with enough of a honey store, though weather, disease, and disturbance can also have cause problems. Backyard beekeepers face more colony losses in the winter than in the summer, but for commercial beekeepers there is not much variation in loss by season. Starvation may be avoided by effective monitoring of hives and disease prevention measures.
Beekeeping in the United States
Beekeeping in the United States dates back to the 1860s. John Harbison, originally from Pennsylvania, successfully brought bee keeping to the US west coast in the 1860s, in an area now known as Harbison Canyon, California, and greatly expanded the market for honey throughout the country. By 1890, William L. Coggshall had become the biggest beekeeper in the world, with over 3,000 hives in 15 locations surrounding his home in Groton, NY. The main sources of blossoms were white clover and buckwheat   Beekeeping was traditionally practiced for the bees' honey harvest, although nowadays crop pollination service can often provide a greater part of a commercial beekeeper's income.
Beehive
A beehive is an enclosed structure in which some honey bee species of the subgenus "Apis" live and raise their young. Though the word beehive is commonly used to describe the nest of any bee colony, scientific and professional literature distinguishes nest from hive. Nest is used to discuss colonies which house themselves in natural or artificial cavities or are hanging and exposed. Hive is used to describe structures used by humans to house a honey bee nest. Several species of "Apis" live in colonies, but only the western honey bee ("Apis mellifera") and the eastern honey bee ("Apis cerana") are kept in hives by humans.
1_Apprentice
That makes sense.  I guess they would be studying the benefits and detriments of different types of bugs on plants, right?
0_Wizard
You're correct.  Entomology is very important for biological control in agriculture.
Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.
chosen_Entomology_0
Entomology
chosen_topic_0_Entomology
Biological pest control
Biological control is a method of controlling pests such as insects, mites, weeds and plant diseases using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role. It can be an important component of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. There are three basic strategies for biological pest control: classical (importation), where a natural enemy of a pest is introduced in the hope of achieving control; inductive (augmentation), in which a large population of natural enemies are administered for quick pest control; and inoculative (conservation), in which measures are taken to maintain natural enemies through regular reestablishment.
International Organization for Biological Control
The International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control, usually referred to as IOBC, is a professional organization affiliated with the International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS) and aims to be an effective advocate for biological control, integrated pest management (IPM) and integrated production (IP). The IOBC serves as a resource for international organizations, for example: the European Commission on sustainable use of pesticides and the status of IPM in Europe, the EC Regulation of Biological Control Agents (REBECA) with regard to invertebrate biological control agents, the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research on IPM (CGIAR), the European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) on biological control agents and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) with respect to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Harry Scott Smith
Harry Scott Smith (November 29, 1883 – November 28, 1957), an entomologist and professor at University of California, Riverside (UCR), was a pioneer in the field of biological pest control. Smith grew up on a farm in Aurora, Nebraska with all the attendant tasks of farm life. Smith left home for what was then known as the State University at Lincoln. The State Entomologist, Lawrence Bruner, offered Smith a position as assistant. It was there that Smith met and later married Bruner's daughter, Psyche. Following Smith's graduation from the University of Nebraska in 1908, he was hired by Leland Ossian Howard to work at the USDA's Bureau of Entomology.
List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology
Forensic entomology is the study of insects related to humans. There are three areas associated with forensic entomology; urban entomology, stored products entomology, and mediocriminal entomology. This page deals only with the area of mediocriminology and the schools and organizations associated with it. Mediocriminology is the interaction of the criminal justice system and the use of insects for investigations pertaining to the deaths of humans. This is a growing science in which nations around the world are partaking in research to expand its applications. The following list of schools and organizations is not comprehensive due to the ever-changing nature of forensic entomology.
Charles Henry Tyler Townsend
Charles Henry Tyler Townsend (5 December 1863 – 17 March 1944) was an American entomologist specializing in the study of tachinids (Tachinidae), a large and diverse family of parasitic flies (Diptera). He was perhaps the most prolific publisher of new tachinids, naming and describing some 3000 species and genera. He made important contributions to the biological control of insect pests and he was the first to identify the insect vector of a debilitating disease in Peru. Townsend was also a controversial figure and criticism of his approach to insect taxonomy continues to this day. Townsend was born in Oberlin, Ohio in 1863.
Philip Hunter Timberlake
Philip Hunter Timberlake (1883-1981) was one of the most prolific American entomologists of the 20th century. He was born on June 5, 1883 in Bethel, Maine, and died in 1981 in Riverside, California, where he had served as an Associate Entomologist in the Department of Entomology of the University of California, Riverside. He obtained an A.B. degree in 1908 in Liberal Arts from Bowdoin College with a major in Greek and Latin. In 1910 he received an A.M. degree in Biology from Harvard University. From 1909-1914, Timberlake was employed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Bureau of Entomology, as “Agent and Expert” conducting research in biological control of pest insects.
Mole cricket
Mole crickets are members of the insect family Gryllotalpidae, in the order Orthoptera (grasshoppers, locusts and crickets). Mole crickets are cylindrical-bodied insects about long, with small eyes and shovel-like forelimbs highly developed for burrowing. They are present in many parts of the world and where they have been introduced into new regions, may become agricultural pests. Mole crickets have three life stages, eggs, nymphs, and adults. Most of their life in these stages is spent underground, but adults have wings and disperse in the breeding season. They vary in their diet; some species are vegetarian, mainly feeding on roots, others are omnivores, including worms and grubs in their diet, while a few are largely predatory.