0_Wizard
I knew a little Karate growing up.  I can't believe it's been around since the early 20th century, by Ryukyuans from Okinawa.
Karate was brought to Japan in the early 20th century during a time of migration as Ryukyuans, especially from Okinawa, looked for work in Japan.
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Karate
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Ryukyuan people
The ; also Lewchewan or ) are the indigenous peoples of the Ryukyu Islands between the islands of Kyushu and Taiwan. Politically, they live in either Okinawa Prefecture or Kagoshima Prefecture. Their languages make up the Ryukyuan language family, considered to be one of the two branches of the Japonic language family, the other being Japanese and its dialects. Ryukyuans are not a recognized minority group in Japan, as Japanese authorities consider them just a subgroup of the Japanese people, akin to the Yamato people and Ainu. Although unrecognized, Ryukyuans constitute the largest ethnolinguistic minority group in Japan, with 1.3 million living in Okinawa Prefecture alone.
Karate
The Ryukyu Kingdom was annexed by Japan in 1879. Karate was brought to Japan in the early 20th century during a time of migration as Ryukyuans, especially from Okinawa, looked for work in Japan. It was systematically taught in Japan after the Taishō era. In 1922 the Japanese Ministry of Education invited Gichin Funakoshi to Tokyo to give a karate demonstration. In 1924 Keio University established the first university karate club in mainland Japan and by 1932, major Japanese universities had karate clubs. In this era of escalating Japanese militarism, the name was changed from ("Chinese hand" or "Tang hand") to ("empty hand") – both of which are pronounced "karate" in Japanese – to indicate that the Japanese wished to develop the combat form in Japanese style.
Æternity
æternity is a public, open-source, blockchain-based distributed computing and digital-asset platform that builds upon decentralized cryptographic P2P technology. Real-world data can interface with smart contracts through decentralized "oracles". Scalability and trustless Turing-complete state channels set æternity apart from other Blockchain 2.0 projects. æternity provides a virtual machine which can execute scripts using an decentralized global network of public nodes maintaining the blockchain. State channels enable smart contracts to remain private and scalable as long as there is no disagreement between the counterparties.
Ryukyu Islands
The , more commonly known in Japanese as the and also known as the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan: the Ōsumi, Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands (further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands), with Yonaguni the southernmost. The larger are mostly high islands and the smaller mostly coral. The largest is Okinawa. The climate of the islands ranges from humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfa") in the north to tropical rainforest climate (Köppen climate classification Af) in the south. Precipitation is very high, and is affected by the rainy season and typhoons.
History of the Ryukyu Islands
This article is about the history of the Ryukyu Islands southwest of the main islands of Japan. The name "Ryūkyū" originates from Chinese writings. The earliest references to "Ryūkyū" write the name as 琉虬 and 流求 () in the Chinese history "Book of Sui" in 607. It is a descriptive name, meaning "glazed horn-dragon". The origin of the term "Okinawa" remains unclear, although "Okinawa" (Okinawan: Uchinaa) as a term was used in Okinawa. There was also a divine woman named "Uchinaa" in the book "Omoro Sōshi", a compilation of ancient poems and songs from Okinawa Island. This suggests the presence of a divine place named Okinawa.
Ethnic issues in Japan
According to census statistics, 98.5% of the population of Japan are Japanese, with the remainder being foreign nationals residing in Japan. However, these statistics measure citizenship, not ethnicity, with all domestic minorities such as the Ainu, Ryukyuans, Burakumin, and naturalized immigrants being counted as simply "Japanese." The Japanese government refuses to collect data on the ethnic identities of its citizens, claiming that there are no issues of race relations among Japanese citizens as they are all of the same race. About 1.6% of Japan's total legal resident population are foreign citizens.
Ryukyu independence movement
The or Republic of the Ryukyus (Japanese: , Kyūjitai: , Hepburn: "Ryūkyū Kyōwakoku") is a political movement for the independence of Ryukyu Islands (commonly referred to as Okinawa after the largest island ) from Japan. The current political manifestation of the movement emerged in 1945, after the end of the Pacific War. Some Ryukyuan people felt, as the Allied Occupation (USMGRI 1945–1950) began, that the Ryukyus should eventually become an independent state, instead of being returned to Japan. From the 1950s through to 1972, the majority, however, pushed for reunification with the mainland, hoping that this would hasten the end of the U.S. occupation (USCAR 1950–1972) there.
1_Apprentice
ooo cool! how many belts are there officially in karate?
0_Wizard
I believe there are 9 or 10 belt levels if I'm not mistaken.
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Waynedale High School
Waynedale High School is a public high school in Apple Creek, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Southeast Local School District. They are nicknamed the "Golden Bears" and wear the colors of brown and gold for athletic events. Waynedale was created in 1955 during the era when the state of Ohio was consolidating small school districts into larger ones in order to save money. Apple Creek, Fredericksburg, Holmesville, and Mt. Eaton high schools were merged to create Waynedale High School within the Southeast Local School District. They have been members of the Wayne County Athletic League since their creation, as their preceding schools were beforehand.
Fort Wayne Citilink
The Fort Wayne Public Transportation Corporation (FWPTC), branded as Citilink, is the public transportation operator for the metro area of Fort Wayne and Allen County, Indiana. Transportation is provided Monday through Saturday on twelve fixed route lines plus two deviation routes. Citilink does not operate on Sundays and six holidays. Website is www.fwcitilink.com. Facebook Citilink (official). Real time information on RouteShout app. "NEW CITILINK DEPOT" "History" – Citilink initiated efforts to develop an improved Downtown Transit Station in 2002. A site selection process identified a parking lot on Barr Street between Washington & Jefferson as optimum; however, after years of effort and preliminary design, inability to acquire sufficient property proved to be an insurmountable barrier.
Individual Integrated Fighting System
The IIFS ("Individual Integrated Fighting System") was introduced in 1988, to serve as a fighting (arms, ammunition etc) and existence (food, first aid, etc) carrying system - a possible replacement for the All-Purpose Lightweight Individual Carrying Equipment ("ALICE") employed and fielded by United States Armed Forces since 1973. The IIFS replaces the partially obsolete concept of a shoulder harness, in the style of suspenders, and individual equipment belt design, with the newer concept of a tactical load bearing system that employs a vest. The vest as being the main component, is known as the TLBV (Tactical Load Bearing Vest"), sometimes referred to as the LBV-88, the M-1988 LBV and later known as the ETLBV (Enhanced Tactical Load Bearing Vest").
American Kenpo
American Kenpo (, pronounced KeMpo), also known as Kenpo Karate, is a martial art characterized by the use of quick and powerful strikes delivered from all of the body's natural weapons, powered by rapid stance transitions, called "shifting." Beginners are introduced to basic attack responses, which comprise a larger system taught through scripted scenarios, which allow instructors a platform to share concepts and principles Ed Parker emphasized in his teachings. The purpose of training in this manner is to increase physical coordination and continuity with linear and circular motion. Each movement when correctly executed leads into the next, keeping an adversary's "dimensional zone" in check while limiting their ability to retaliate.
Gaba Corporation
The company provides language lessons on a "one-to-one" (one student and one teacher) basis and using textbook lessons and online (computerized) instructor aids, language and vocabulary drills, and guided conversation topics. Gaba describes itself as a "man-to-man eikaiwa". In Japanese, "man-tsū-man" (マンツーマン), a katakana phrase adapted from English, means "one-to-one", referring to the company's one student/one instructor lesson style. As of May 2017 the company has 45 learning studios. In March 2016 it had 564 staff and 1,106 sub-contracted instructors across Japan. In November 2013 it was reported that Gaba had 21,300 students.
Shōrinjiryū Kenkōkan Karate
It consists of the primary arts of Shōrinjiryū Kenkōkan Okinawan karate and Okinawan Kobudo, as taught to the founder by masters including Chotoku Kyan and Sanda Kanagusuku, as well as Judo, which Kori Hisataka studied at the Kodokan, obtaining the rank of 4th Dan after only 1 years training. Other component arts include Aikijutsu and Chinese Bajiquan, which the founder studied on his extensive tours of Japan, China and Asia. The style is responsible for a number of innovations to karate training including:  In some aspects, Shorinjiryu Karate has a strong resemblance to Japanese Koryu Budo, in that it has a great emphasis on pre-arranged two-person drills (yakusoku kumite).
Hapkido
Hapkido ( , , also spelled hap ki do or hapki-do; from Korean "hapgido" ) is a highly eclectic Korean martial art. It is a form of self-defense that employs joint locks, grappling, and throwing techniques similar to those of other martial arts, as well as kicks, punches, and other striking attacks. It also teaches the use of traditional weapons, including knife, sword, rope, ssang juhl bong (nunchaku), cane (ji pang ee), short stick (dan bong), and middle-length staff (joong bong, gun (analogous to the Japanese jō), and bō (Japanese)), which vary in emphasis depending on the particular tradition examined.
1_Apprentice
awesome. what else can you tell me about karate?