0_Wizard
I love listening to bird songs. They sound so melodious to me. I could listen all day!
In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear.
chosen_Bird_vocalization_0
Bird vocalization
chosen_topic_0_Bird_vocalization
Bird vocalization
Bird vocalization includes both bird calls and bird songs. In non-technical use, bird songs are the bird sounds that are melodious to the human ear. In ornithology and birding, songs (relatively complex vocalizations) are distinguished by function from calls (relatively simple vocalizations). The distinction between songs and calls is based upon complexity, length, and context. Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as alarms or keeping members of a flock in contact. Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the "winnowing" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs.
Music
Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.
Spotify
Spotify is a music, podcast, and video streaming service that was officially launched on 7 October 2008. It is developed by startup Spotify AB in Stockholm, Sweden. It provides DRM–protected content from record labels and media companies. Spotify is a freemium service; basic features are free with advertisements or limitations, while additional features, such as improved streaming quality and music downloads, are offered via paid subscriptions. Spotify is available in most of Europe, most of the Americas, Australia, New Zealand, and parts of Asia. It is available for most modern devices, including Windows, macOS, and Linux computers, as well as iOS, Windows Phone and Android smartphones and tablets.
Biomusic
Biomusic is a form of experimental music which deals with sounds created or performed by non-humans. The definition is also sometimes extended to include sounds made by humans in a directly biological way. For instance, music that is created by the brain waves of the composer can also be called biomusic as can music created by the human body without the use of tools or instruments that are not part of the body (singing or vocalizing is usually excluded from this definition). Biomusic can be divided into two basic categories: music that is created solely by the synthetic animal (or in some cases plant), and music which is based upon synthetic animal noises but which is arranged by a human composer.
Charles Kellogg (naturalist)
Charles Kellogg (October 2, 1868 – September 5, 1949) was an American vaudeville performer who imitated bird songs, and later a campaigner for the protection of the redwood forests of California. He was born on a ranch in Susanville, California and grew up in the 1870s observing the animals and birds of the forests and learning outdoor skills. He constructed a mobile home, called the "Travel Log", out of a redwood tree and drove it around the country to raise awareness of the plight of the California forests. Its maximum speed was 18 mph. The Travel Log itself is currently on display in the Visitor Center at Humboldt Redwoods State Park.
Maria Callas
Maria Callas, Commendatore OMRI (; December 2, 1923 – September 16, 1977), was a Greek-American soprano, and one of the most renowned and influential opera singers of the 20th century. Many critics praised her "bel canto" technique, wide-ranging voice and dramatic interpretations. Her repertoire ranged from classical "opera seria" to the "bel canto" operas of Donizetti, Bellini and Rossini and further, to the works of Verdi and Puccini; and, in her early career, to the music dramas of Wagner. Her musical and dramatic talents led to her being hailed as "La Divina". Born in New York City and raised by an overbearing mother, she received her musical education in Greece and established her career in Italy.
Backmasking
Backmasking is a recording technique in which a sound or message is recorded backward onto a track that is meant to be played forward. Backmasking is a deliberate process, whereas a message found through phonetic reversal may be unintentional. Backmasking was popularised by The Beatles, who used backward instrumentation on their 1966 album "Revolver". Artists have since used backmasking for artistic, comedic and satiric effect, on both analogue and digital recordings. The technique has also been used to censor words or phrases for "clean" releases of explicit songs. Backmasking has been a controversial topic in the United States since the 1970s and popular during the 1980s and 1990s, when allegations from Christian groups of its use for Satanic purposes were made against prominent rock musicians, leading to record-burning protests and proposed anti-backmasking legislation by state and federal governments.
1_Apprentice
I like them as well, I think the high pitch is interesting in many bird songs.
0_Wizard
I didn't realize that ornithologists distinguish between songs (to do with courting and mating) and calls which are used as alarms or keeping flocks together. Quite interesting, I thought.
Songs are longer and more complex and are associated with courtship and mating, while calls tend to serve such functions as alarms or keeping members of a flock in contact.
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Bird vocalization
chosen_topic_0_Bird_vocalization
Huanggang Normal University
Huanggang Normal University (HNU; ) is a full-time provincial public normal university in Huangzhou District, Huanggang, Hubei, China. It is under the Educational Administration of Hubei Province. HNU offers courses to undergraduate students as well as other training courses for continuing education. The predecessor of HNU was Huangzhou Normal School founded in 1905, and was renamed Huanggang County Teachers school of Hubei Province (1937), and Huanggang Teachers school of Hubei Province (1950). HNU was approved by the State Council under the name of Huanggang Normal College in 1978 and it was among the first National Colleges for advanced training in 1988.
Noisy miner
The noisy miner ("Manorina melanocephala") is a bird in the honeyeater family, Meliphagidae, and is endemic to eastern and south-eastern Australia. This miner is a grey bird, with a black head, orange-yellow beak and feet, a distinctive yellow patch behind the eye and white tips on the tail feathers. The Tasmanian race has a more intense yellow panel in the wing, and a broader white tip to the tail. Males, females and juveniles are similar in appearance, though young birds are a brownish-grey. As the common name suggests, the noisy miner is a vocal species with a large range of songs, calls, scoldings and alarms, and almost constant vocalisations particularly from young birds.
QI
QI (Quite Interesting) is a British comedy panel game television quiz show created and co-produced by John Lloyd, and features permanent panelist Alan Davies. Stephen Fry was host of the show from its initial pilot, before departing after the final episode of the M series in 2015, with frequent "QI" panelist Sandi Toksvig replacing him prior to the beginning of the N series in 2016. The format of the show focuses on Davies and three other guest panelists answering questions that are extremely obscure, making it unlikely that the correct answer will be given. To compensate, the panelists are awarded points not only for the right answer, but also for interesting ones, regardless of whether they are right or even relate to the original question, while points are deducted for "answers which are not only wrong, but pathetically obvious" – typically answers that are generally believed to be true but in fact are misconceptions.
Hefei Normal University
Hefei Normal University (HNU ) is located in the capital city of Anhui Province——Hefei, birthplace of Bao Zheng and one of the four national science and education base cities. Founded in 1955, HNU is a full-time normal undergraduate university under the supervision of Anhui Province. HNU attaches great importance to undergraduate education. Presently, it has 12 departments, 4 public basic course departments, 25 undergraduate programs and 30 junior college programs. The student population totals about 12,600. With two campuses——Sanxiao Kou Campus and Jing Xiu Campus, HNU covers a total area of 603 Mu and the architecture area of schoolhouse reaches 285,000 square meters.
Holy Names Hawks
Holy Names Hawks (also HNU Hawks) are the 13 varsity athletic teams sponsored by HNU Athletics that represent Holy Names University (HNU), located in Oakland, California. HNU Athletics completed the NCAA membership process in July 2016 and is now a member of NCAA Division II. In 1994 Holy Names University, then Holy Names College, elevated its club sports to intercollegiate athletics by joining the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). HNU began its NAIA affiliation in the fall of 1994 as part of the Pacific Coastal Conference, competing in basketball, volleyball, and cross-country.
Nicobar pigeon
The Nicobar pigeon ("Caloenas nicobarica") is a pigeon found on small islands and in coastal regions from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, east through the Malay Archipelago, to the Solomons and Palau. It is the only living member of the genus "Caloenas" and the closest living relative of the extinct dodo, and extinct Rodriguez solitaire. It is a large pigeon, measuring in length. The head is grey, like the upper neck plumage, which turns into green and copper hackles. The tail is very short and pure white. The rest of its plumage is metallic green. The cere of the dark bill forms a small blackish knob; the strong legs and feet are dull red.
Antbird
The antbirds are a large passerine bird family, Thamnophilidae, found across subtropical and tropical Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina. There are more than 200 species, known variously as antshrikes, antwrens, antvireos, fire-eyes, bare-eyes and bushbirds. They are related to the antthrushes and antpittas (family Formicariidae), the tapaculos, the gnateaters and the ovenbirds. Despite some species' common names, this family is not closely related to the wrens, vireos or shrikes. Antbirds are generally small birds with rounded wings and strong legs. They have mostly sombre grey, white, brown and rufous plumage, which is sexually dimorphic in pattern and colouring.
1_Apprentice
Yes, I've heard that the distinction is mostly function based. Aldo I have heard both types being called bird vocalization.
0_Wizard
Some base their distinctions on function, e.g. the drumming of a woodpecker is considered a song. I'd never have thought of it that way.
Other authorities such as Howell and Webb (1995) make the distinction based on function, so that short vocalizations, such as those of pigeons, and even non-vocal sounds, such as the drumming of woodpeckers and the "winnowing" of snipes' wings in display flight, are considered songs.
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Bird vocalization
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Woodpecker
Woodpeckers are part of the family Picidae, a group of near-passerine birds that also consist of piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions. Most species live in forests or woodland habitats, although a few species are known that live in treeless areas, such as rocky hillsides and deserts, and the Gila woodpecker specialises in exploiting cacti. Members of this family are chiefly known for their characteristic behaviour; they mostly forage for insect prey on the trunks and branches of trees, and often communicate by drumming with their beak, producing a reverberatory sound that can be heard at some distance.
Ivory-billed woodpecker
The ivory-billed woodpecker ("Campephilus principalis") is one of the largest woodpeckers in the world, at roughly long and in wingspan. It is native to the virgin forests of the Southeastern United States (along with a separate subspecies native to Cuba). Because of habitat destruction and, to a lesser extent, hunting, its numbers have dwindled to the point where whether any remain is uncertain, though reports have indicated it has been seen again in the current century. Almost no forests today can maintain an ivory-billed woodpecker population. The species is listed as critically endangered and possibly extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Great spotted woodpecker
The great spotted woodpecker ("Dendrocopos major") is a medium-sized woodpecker with pied black and white plumage and a red patch on the lower belly. Males and young birds also have red markings on the neck or head. This species is found across Eurasia and parts of North Africa. Across most of its range it is resident, but in the north some will migrate if the conifer cone crop fails. Some individuals have a tendency to wander, leading to the recent recolonisation of Ireland and to vagrancy to North America. Great spotted woodpeckers chisel into trees to find food or excavate nest holes, and also drum for contact and territorial advertisement; they have anatomical adaptations to manage the physical stresses from the hammering action.
Celeus (bird)
Celeus is a genus in the family Picidae of woodpeckers found in tropical and subtropical forests and woodlands of Central and South America. The genus contains 15 extant species. One, Kaempfer's woodpecker ("C. obrieni"), was believed to be extinct until a specimen was caught in 2006. The species in the genus are medium-sized, 19 – 32 cm in length (with "C. elegans" the longest), and weigh between 63 and 172 grams. They have limited plumage colour with the head and crest mainly lighter in colour. The feet, tail, tongue and bill of the birds in the genus are adapted for the specialised resources required for its survival and reproduction (for example breeding sites and large food supplies).
Grey-headed woodpecker
The grey-headed woodpecker ("Picus canus"), also known as the grey-faced woodpecker, is a Eurasian member of the woodpecker family, Picidae. Along with the more commonly found European green woodpecker and the Iberian green woodpecker, it is one of three closely related sister species found in Europe. Its distribution stretches across large parts of the central and Eastern Palaearctic, all the way to the Pacific Ocean. The grey-headed woodpecker is more demanding than the European green woodpecker in terms of its habitat. It prefers old mixed coniferous forest with a high proportion of dead trees, feeding primarily on ants, although not being as exclusively dependent on this group as the green woodpecker.
Woody Woodpecker
Woody Woodpecker is an anthropomorphic animated woodpecker, inspired by the acorn woodpecker and also resembling the pileated woodpecker, who appeared in theatrical short films produced by the Walter Lantz animation studio and distributed by Universal Pictures during the Golden age of American animation. Though not the first of the screwball characters that became popular in the 1930s and 1940s, Woody is one of the most indicative of the type. Woody was created in 1940 by Lantz and storyboard artist Ben "Bugs" Hardaway, who had previously laid the groundwork for two other screwball characters, Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck, at the Warner Bros. cartoon studio in the late 1930s.
Haste to the Wedding
Haste to the Wedding is a three-act comic opera with a libretto by W. S. Gilbert and music by George Grossmith, based on Gilbert's 1873 play, "The Wedding March". The opera was the most ambitious piece of composition undertaken by Grossmith. The piece was produced under the management of Charles Wyndham at the Criterion Theatre, London, opening on 27 July 1892. It closed on 20 August 1892, after a run of just 22 performances. Although a failure, the opera introduced the 18-year-old George Grossmith, Jr., the composer's son, to the London stage. He would go on to a long career in the theatre. On 15 November 1873, Gilbert's play "The Wedding March" debuted at the Court Theatre, written under his pseudonym F. Latour Tomline.
1_Apprentice
I think some other factors that make up the distinction are complexity, length, and context of the noises.