50c Documentary Second Issue revenue stamp invert strip of five
{"id": "ld1-1643399842277-1643399847812-0", "version": "", "unitCode": "NPM", "linkedId": "", "type": "edanmdm", "content": {"descriptiveNonRepeating": {"record_ID": "npm_1996.2079.2", "online_media": {"mediaCount": 2, "media": [{"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPM-1996_2079_2a", "idsId": "NPM-1996_2079_2a", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sy75c8a8c5f-519d-4d0d-82c0-37b3774a786f", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPM-1996_2079_2a"}, {"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPM-1996_2079_2", "idsId": "NPM-1996_2079_2", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sy79abec568-1a13-47ab-96e2-82d985a29004", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NPM-1996_2079_2"}]}, "unit_code": "NPM", "title_sort": "50C DOCUMENTARY SECOND ISSUE REVENUE STAMP INVERT STRIP OF FIVE", "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/hm8531cf151-70fe-4238-bc52-3f6170696586", "record_link": "https://postalmuseum.si.edu/object/npm_1996.2079.2", "title": {"label": "Title", "content": "50c Documentary Second Issue revenue stamp invert strip of five"}, "metadata_usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "data_source": "National Postal Museum"}, "indexedStructured": {"date": ["1870s"], "exhibition": [{"building": "NPM"}], "geoLocation": [{"Other": {"type": "Place", "content": "New Hampshire"}}], "object_type": ["Tax stamps"], "name": ["Joyce, Morton Dean"], "onPhysicalExhibit": ["Yes"], "topic": ["Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877)"], "place": ["New Hampshire"], "online_media_type": ["Images"]}, "freetext": {"setName": [{"label": "See more items in", "content": "National Postal Museum Collection"}, {"label": "On View", "content": "Currently on exhibit at the National Postal Museum"}], "date": [{"label": "Date", "content": "1871-1872"}], "identifier": [{"label": "Object number", "content": "1996.2079.2"}], "notes": [{"label": "Description", "content": "In 1871, the government issued a new series of documentary revenue stamps to replace the 1862 \"first issue\" revenue stamps. Concerns over counterfeiting as well as reuse after chemically removing the cancellation prompted the decision. With these concerns in mind, Joseph R. Carpenter, the security printer who held the contract for printing revenue stamps, prepared the second revenue issue, including a number of anti-counterfeiting modifications. The company produced the stamps using a more complex two-color process. In addition, it used \"chameleon\" paper with colored security threads, which reacted with chemicals used to remove cancellations."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "Carpenter initially printed the stamps using the Earle & Steele patented interlocking printing plates. Using this process, a frame plate and a medallion plate were separately inked and then locked together to print the bicolor stamps in a single step. Carpenter eventually abandoned this process, opting instead for the two-step process of printing the frame and then printing the medallion as a separate step. Using the two-step procedure, printers fed a few sheets into the printing press backwards for the second step, resulting in stamps with inverted centers. It is not known if the frame or the medallion was printed first, so the stamps could technically have inverted frames."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "The 1-cent, 2-cent, 5-cent, 10-cent, 20-cent, 25-cent, 50-cent, 70-cent, 1-dollar, and 5-dollar stamps of the second issue are all known with inverted centers. Due to confusion caused by the fact that all second issue stamps through the fifty-dollar value were printed in the same colors -- blue frames with black medallions -- a third issue was printed from the same plates but in different colors, starting in late 1871. The 2-cent, 5-cent, 15-cent, 30-cent, 1-dollar, and 2.50-dollar denominations of the third issue are known with inverted centers. The 50-cent inverted medallion stamp is the most common of the second issue inverts. This is likely due to the relatively large number of 50-cent stamps printed and that the 50-cent stamp continued to be printed in blue and black after 1871."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "The horizontal strip of five stamps paid the $2.50 tax on a deed for property in Surrey, New Hampshire, valued at between $2,001 and $2,500. This is the only known example of a multiple of the 50-cent second issue Documentary larger than a pair."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "References:"}, {"label": "Description", "content": "West, Christopher (Elliot Perry), The Revenue Stamps of the United States, 1979: Castenholz and Sons, Pacific Palisades, CA."}], "creditLine": [{"label": "Credit line", "content": "Gift of John R. Boker, Jr. in memory of Morton Dean Joyce"}], "name": [{"label": "Associated Person", "content": "Morton Dean Joyce"}], "topic": [{"label": "Topic", "content": "Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877)"}], "place": [{"label": "Place", "content": "New Hampshire"}], "title": [{"label": "Title", "content": "Scott Catalogue USA R115b"}], "physicalDescription": [{"label": "Medium", "content": "paper; ink (blue, black) / engraved"}, {"label": "Dimensions", "content": "Height x Width: 3 1/8 x 4 5/8 in. (8 x 11.7 cm)"}], "dataSource": [{"label": "Data Source", "content": "National Postal Museum"}], "objectType": [{"label": "Type", "content": "Revenue Stamps"}]}}, "url": "edanmdm:npm_1996.2079.2", "hash": "a3d794bfd9bfec4b8231a4ec5be161848fb76bd2", "docSignature": "8911e3dfc08ad1715b8d917103161dea", "timestamp": 1663786505, "lastTimeUpdated": 1660726461, "title": "50c Documentary Second Issue revenue stamp invert strip of five"}