Jar Made by "Dave"
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{"setName": [{"label": "See more items in", "content": "Home and Community Life: Ceramics and Glass"}, {"label": "See more items in", "content": "Cultures & Communities"}, {"label": "See more items in", "content": "National Treasures exhibit"}, {"label": "See more items in", "content": "Religion"}, {"label": "See more items in", "content": "Domestic Furnishings"}], "date": [{"label": "date made", "content": "1862-05-03"}], "identifier": [{"label": "ID Number", "content": "1996.0344.01"}, {"label": "catalog number", "content": "1996.0344.01"}, {"label": "accession number", "content": "1996.0344"}], "notes": [{"label": "Description", "content": "This large alkaline-glazed stoneware jar was made in 1862 by David Drake, an enslaved black potter working on Lewis Miles\u00e2\u0080\u0099 plantation pottery in the Edgefield District of South Carolina. In a state that outlawed literacy among people who were enslaved, Dave defiantly proclaimed his ability to read and write by signing his name and sometimes inscribing poetry on the stoneware vessels he made."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "One of the most distinctive aspects of ante-bellum Edgefield was the presence of a large number of skilled people who were enslaved working as potters. Edgefield was one of only two areas in the United States known to have relied heavily on enslaved labor to manufacture utilitarian stoneware in large-scale potteries. Edgefield potteries furnished the large local plantations with the vessels needed for the preparation and storage of food for the planters and for the thousands of enslaved people working as agricultural and skilled laborers."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "While some of the enslaved people performed unskilled jobs in the potteries\u00e2\u0080\u0094such as digging and preparing clay and loading kilns\u00e2\u0080\u0094most were \u00e2\u0080\u009cturners,\u00e2\u0080\u009d performing the highly skilled work of forming ware on a potter\u00e2\u0080\u0099s wheel. At least 40 enslaved potters and pottery laborers are known to have worked in potteries in Edgefield between about 1815 and 1880. Some scholars believe over a hundred more may some day be identified."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "David Drake is the only enslaved potter known to have signed and dated his work. He was educated by his first enslaver, stoneware maker and newspaper editor Abner Landrum, and may have worked at Landrum\u00e2\u0080\u0099s newspaper, the <i>Edgefield Hive</i>, as a typesetter. When Landrum left the Edgefield area in 1831, Dave was sold to Lewis Miles, another large-scale pottery owner."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "Dave was a master potter, regularly producing massive storage jars and jugs that required enormous skill and strength. About twenty surviving Dave pieces are inscribed with Dave\u00e2\u0080\u0099s original two line poems\u00e2\u0080\u0094wonderful and sometimes cryptic ruminations on topics as diverse as pots, love, money, spirituality, life as a slave, and the afterlife. The poems reflect Dave\u00e2\u0080\u0099s intelligence, creativity, and wit."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "The poem on this jar, \u00e2\u0080\u009cI made this jar all of cross, If you don[\u00e2\u0080\u0099]t repent you will be lost,\u00e2\u0080\u009d may be a reference to the Bible, Acts 2: 14-42, Peter\u00e2\u0080\u0099s speech at Pentecost in the temple of Herod at Jerusalem. This jar, the last known poem piece, emphasizes the importance of religion and the afterlife in the daily life of many slaves. John Michael Vlach highlights this jar in <i>The Afro-American Tradition in Decorative Arts</i>, conjecturing that its \u00e2\u0080\u009chighly poignant verse\u00e2\u0080\u009d reflects \"Dave\u00e2\u0080\u0099s combined feelings about slavery and religion.\u00e2\u0080\u009d On the reverse side, the jar is inscribed \u00e2\u0080\u009cMay 3, 1862/ LM Dave.\u00e2\u0080\u009d"}, {"label": "Location", "content": "Currently not on view"}], "name": [{"label": "maker", "content": "Dave"}], "publisher": [{"label": "Related Publication", "content": "Kendrick, Kathleen M. and Peter C. Liebhold. Smithsonian Treasures of American History"}, {"label": "Related Publication", "content": "National Museum of American History. Treasures of American History online exhibition"}, {"label": "Related Web Publication", "content": "http://americanhistory.si.edu/treasures"}], "topic": [{"label": "subject", "content": "Slavery"}], "place": [{"label": "Place Made", "content": "United States: South Carolina, Lewis Miles Plantation"}], "physicalDescription": [{"label": "Physical Description", "content": "ceramic (overall material)"}, {"label": "Physical Description", "content": "stoneware (overall material)"}, {"label": "Physical Description", "content": "wheel thrown (overall production method/technique)"}, {"label": "Measurements", "content": "average spatial: 20 1/2 in x 18 in; 52.07 cm x 45.72 cm"}], "dataSource": [{"label": "Data Source", "content": "National Museum of American History"}], "objectType": [{"label": "Object Name", "content": "jar"}]}}, "url": "edanmdm:nmah_1181785", "hash": "e49143a6b4f72b82b696d9e4907e5ee7b27663f5", "docSignature": "c355b44b7f81c9012b27b7f0ebd015e1", "timestamp": 1664882421, "lastTimeUpdated": 1664882343, "title": "Jar Made by \"Dave\""}