Female figure
{"id": "ld1-1643621402936-1643621405966-0", "version": "", "unitCode": "NMAfA", "linkedId": "", "type": "edanmdm", "content": {"descriptiveNonRepeating": {"record_ID": "nmafa_85-9-1", "online_media": {"mediaCount": 2, "media": [{"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-S20080001-000002", "idsId": "NMAfA-S20080001-000002", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/vg46b31ac2a-3207-4981-bb92-a4f345ea826d", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-S20080001-000002", "resources": [{"label": "High-resolution TIFF", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20080001-000002.tif", "width": 2349, "height": 3000}, {"width": 2349, "height": 3000, "label": "High-resolution JPEG", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20080001-000002.jpg", "dimensions": "2349x3000"}, {"label": "Screen Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20080001-000002_screen"}, {"label": "Thumbnail Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20080001-000002_thumb"}]}, {"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-D20000321", "idsId": "NMAfA-D20000321", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/vg4e979238d-b3cc-4a57-a4f7-9c87ee4d9cd1", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-D20000321", "resources": [{"width": 667, "height": 1500, "label": "High-resolution JPEG", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-D20000321.jpg", "dimensions": "667x1500"}, {"label": "Screen Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-D20000321_screen"}, {"label": "Thumbnail Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-D20000321_thumb"}]}]}, "unit_code": "NMAfA", "title_sort": "FEMALE FIGURE", "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ys7b0ed80fc-4d7b-43d1-b461-bb62eb7ce090", "title": {"label": "Object Name", "content": "Female figure"}, "metadata_usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "data_source": "National Museum of African Art"}, "indexedStructured": {"date": ["1840s", "1860s"], "geoLocation": [{"L5": {"type": "City", "content": "Owo"}}, {"L2": {"type": "Country", "content": "Nigeria"}}], "object_type": ["Figures (representations)"], "online_media_rights": ["Copyright protected/restricted"], "name": ["Yoruba artist"], "topic": ["Status", "Women", "Divination", "Men"], "place": ["Owo", "Nigeria"], "online_media_type": ["Images"]}, "freetext": {"setName": [{"label": "See more items in", "content": "National Museum of African Art Collection"}], "date": [{"label": "Date", "content": "Mid 19th century"}], "identifier": [{"label": "Object number", "content": "85-9-1"}], "notes": [{"label": "Label Text", "content": "The earliest extant examples of ivory carving from Nigeria, designated \"Afro-Portuguese,\" were produced between the 15th and 17th centuries. Current research suggests that Owo, a Yoruba kingdom situated between the Edo kingdom at Benin City and the Yoruba capital at Ile-Ife, may have been the center of Yoruba ivory carving. Owo artists, primarily employed by their Olowo (king) but free to have other patrons, may have exported ivory carvings to other Yoruba towns, such as Oyo, and to Europe, and they may have worked as itinerant artists in such towns as Benin, where they tailored their designs to local taste."}, {"label": "Label Text", "content": "This female figure wears bridal waist beads. She holds a flywhisk decorated with cowrie shells and wears a lip plug and jewelry signifying high status. She may also have held a separately carved fan that is now lost. Stylistic traits from the Oyo and Owo regions can be seen in the carving: cone-shaped hairstyles with cylindrical projections, the prominent bulging eyes, thick necks, triangular breasts and softly rounded body."}, {"label": "Label Text", "content": "The function of full ivory figures depicting men or women is not known. They may be related to olori ikin, the miniature ivory heads that Ifa diviners used in the divination ritual."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "Standing female ivory figure with conical hairstyle, necklace, waistbeads and labret and holding a flywhisk in her proper right hand, with the proper left hand object missing. The eyes are inlaid with black stone."}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "[Art dealer], New York, -- to 1975"}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Morris Pinto, France, ca. 1975 to 1983"}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan, 1983"}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Entwistle, London, 1983"}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Robert Loder, England, 1983 to 1985"}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Entwistle, London, 1985"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "Treasures 2008, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., April 9-August 24, 2008"}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Hornbeck, Stephanie. 2016. \"Ivory: I dentification and Regulation of a Precious Material.\" National Museum of African Art Conservation Lab publication. p.8."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "National Museum of African Art. 1999. Selected Works from the Collection of the National Museum of African Art. Washington, D.C.: National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, p. 74, no. 46."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Patton, Sharon F. and Bryna Freyer. 2008. Treasures 2008. Washington D.C.: National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, pp. 22-23."}, {"label": "Content Statement", "content": "As part of our commitment to accessibility and transparency, the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art is placing its collection records online. Please note that some records are incomplete (missing image or content descriptions) and others reflect out-of-date language or systems of thought regarding how to engage with and discuss cultural heritage and the specifics of individual artworks. If you see content requiring immediate action, we will do our best to address it in a timely manner. Please email nmafacuratorial@si.edu if you have any questions."}, {"label": "Image Requests", "content": "High resolution digital images are not available for some objects. For publication quality photography and permissions, please contact the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives at https://africa.si.edu/research/eliot-elisofon-photographic-archives/"}], "creditLine": [{"label": "Credit Line", "content": "Acquisition grant from the James Smithson Society and museum purchase"}], "name": [{"label": "Maker", "content": "Yoruba artist"}], "topic": [{"label": "Topic", "content": "Divination"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Status"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "male"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "female"}], "place": [{"label": "Geography", "content": "Owo, Nigeria"}], "physicalDescription": [{"label": "Medium", "content": "Ivory, black stone"}, {"label": "Dimensions", "content": "H x W x D: 30.2 x 5.3 x 8.6 cm (11 7/8 x 2 1/16 x 3 3/8 in.)"}], "dataSource": [{"label": "Data Source", "content": "National Museum of African Art"}], "objectRights": [{"label": "Restrictions & Rights", "content": "CC0"}], "objectType": [{"label": "Type", "content": "Figure"}]}}, "url": "edanmdm:nmafa_85-9-1", "hash": "c410b4f7dce188d324e692a73908deaec5ee176b", "docSignature": "7643b7458b8b0a926d3a0afee772274e", "timestamp": 1663781618, "lastTimeUpdated": 1656577804, "title": "Female figure"}