Bracelet
{"id": "ld1-1643621402936-1643621403714-0", "version": "", "unitCode": "NMAfA", "linkedId": "", "type": "edanmdm", "content": {"descriptiveNonRepeating": {"record_ID": "nmafa_2005-6-8", "online_media": {"mediaCount": 2, "media": [{"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-S20070128", "idsId": "NMAfA-S20070128", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/vg46981976d-feeb-4af3-a84c-928dfe280caa", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-S20070128", "resources": [{"label": "High-resolution TIFF", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20070128.tif", "width": 3000, "height": 2379}, {"width": 3000, "height": 2379, "label": "High-resolution JPEG", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20070128.jpg", "dimensions": "3000x2379"}, {"label": "Screen Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20070128_screen"}, {"label": "Thumbnail Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-S20070128_thumb"}]}, {"thumbnail": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-D20060151-000003", "idsId": "NMAfA-D20060151-000003", "usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/vg463cf92f1-793e-42e6-ba05-ed77cd60472c", "type": "Images", "content": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/deliveryService?id=NMAfA-D20060151-000003", "resources": [{"width": 2000, "height": 2000, "label": "High-resolution JPEG", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-D20060151-000003.jpg", "dimensions": "2000x2000"}, {"label": "Screen Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-D20060151-000003_screen"}, {"label": "Thumbnail Image", "url": "https://ids.si.edu/ids/download?id=NMAfA-D20060151-000003_thumb"}]}]}, "unit_code": "NMAfA", "title_sort": "BRACELET", "guid": "http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ys7f3d71a21-f50a-46c6-abcc-d4475f4c454c", "title": {"label": "Object Name", "content": "Bracelet"}, "metadata_usage": {"access": "CC0"}, "data_source": "National Museum of African Art"}, "indexedStructured": {"date": ["1590s", "1500s"], "exhibition": [{"exhibitionTitle": "Visionary: Viewpoints on Africa's Arts", "building": "NMAfA", "room": "South Gallery (1141)"}], "geoLocation": [{"L5": {"type": "City", "content": "Owo"}}, {"L2": {"type": "Country", "content": "Nigeria"}}], "object_type": ["Jewelry"], "online_media_rights": ["Copyright protected/restricted"], "name": ["Yoruba artist"], "onPhysicalExhibit": ["Yes"], "topic": ["Crocodiles", "Leadership", "Mudfish", "Men"], "place": ["Owo", "Nigeria"], "online_media_type": ["Images"]}, "freetext": {"setName": [{"label": "See more items in", "content": "National Museum of African Art Collection"}, {"label": "Exhibition", "content": "Visionary: Viewpoints on Africa's Arts"}, {"label": "On View", "content": "NMAfA, Second Level Gallery (2193)"}, {"label": "On View", "content": "NMAfA, South Gallery (1141)"}], "date": [{"label": "Date", "content": "16th century"}], "identifier": [{"label": "Object number", "content": "2005-6-8"}], "notes": [{"label": "Label Text", "content": "The artist's technical virtuosity is evident in this extraordinary armlet carved from one piece of ivory. The motifs on the outer interlocking piece include kneeling hunchbacks holding tethered creatures. Hunchbacks are regarded as touched by the god Obatala who shapes the human form in the womb. White is the symbolic color of Obatala and may tie in with the use of ivory for this bracelet. The theme of ritual offerings is suggested by the disembodied heads within the interlocking circles of crocodiles biting the heads and tails of mudfish and by the tethered creatures. These creatures have been described as monkeys however they resemble Ofoe, the messenger of the god of death in the Benin Kingdom, who has no body only a head and arms and legs."}, {"label": "Description", "content": "Ivory bracelet with entire surface carved with human-like figures, heads and animals in high relief on a background of fine lattice rectangular panels. Ivory bead-like additions hang from the carved rings to the side and to each end."}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Harry G. Beasley (1882-1939), Cranmore Ethnographical Museum, Chislehurst, Kent, England, -- to 1975"}, {"label": "Provenance", "content": "Paul and Ruth Tishman, New York, 1975 to 1984"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "Visionary: Viewpoints on Africa's Arts, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., November 4, 2017-ongoing"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "The Walt Disney-Tishman African Art Collection Highlights, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., May 21, 2009-June 4, 2014"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "African Vision: The Walt Disney-Tishman African Art Collection, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., February 15, 2007-March 31, 2009"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "First Look: The Walt Disney-Tishman Collection of African Art, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., May 17-December 3, 2006"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "Art of the Personal Object, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., September 24, 1991-April 9, 2007"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "African Ivories. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, June 26, 1984-December 30, 1984"}, {"label": "Exhibition History", "content": "For Spirits and Kings: African Art from the Paul and Ruth Tishman Collection, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1981"}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Akpata, Chief Akitola. 1938. \"Benin: Letters to the Editor, no. 1.\" Ethnologie Cranmorensis 2, p. 23, no. 12."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Hornbeck, Stephanie. 2016. \"Ivory: I dentification and Regulation of a Precious Material.\" National Museum of African Art Conservation Lab publication. p.1,4."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Eicher, Joanne B. and Doran H. Ross. 2010. Encyclopedia of World Dress and Fashion: Africa (vol. 1). Oxford University Press, p. 97."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Eyo, Ekpo. 2008. From Shrines to Shocases: Masterpieces of Nigerian Art. Abuja, Nigeria: The Ministry of Information and Communicaton, pp. 108-109, no. 63."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Ezra, Kate. 1984. African Ivories. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, p. 22, fig. 18-19, cat. no.24."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Graves Son & Pilcher. 1975. The Collection of Tibetan ritual art, Oceanic, Haida, Eskimo, Benin, Maori and Asian artifacts formally at the Cranmore Ethnographical Museum, Chislehurst, Kent, formed by the late Harry G. Beasley, 1882-1939 ... 3rd March 1975. Palmeira Auction Room, Hove. Brighton: Dolphin Press, lot 216."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Patton, Sharon F. 2005. \"Disney-Tishman: Gift to the Smithsonian Institution.\" Tribal Art X:2 (39), p. 63, no. 3."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Patton, Sharon F. and Bryna Freyer. 2008. Treasures 2008. Washington D.C.: National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, pp. 40-41."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Robbins, Warren and Nancy I. Nooter. 1989. African Art in American Collections. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, p. 228, no. 584."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Ross, Doran (ed). 1992. Elephant: The Animal and Its Ivory in African Culture. Los Angeles: Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, p. 201, no. 9-18A, B."}, {"label": "Published References", "content": "Vogel, Susan (ed). 1981. For Spirits and Kings: African Art from the Paul and Ruth Tishman Collection. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, pp. 128-130, no. 72."}, {"label": "Content Statement", "content": "As part of our commitment to accessibility and transparency, the Smithsonian National Museum of African Art is placing its collection records online. Please note that some records are incomplete (missing image or content descriptions) and others reflect out-of-date language or systems of thought regarding how to engage with and discuss cultural heritage and the specifics of individual artworks. If you see content requiring immediate action, we will do our best to address it in a timely manner. Please email nmafacuratorial@si.edu if you have any questions."}, {"label": "Image Requests", "content": "High resolution digital images are not available for some objects. For publication quality photography and permissions, please contact the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives at https://africa.si.edu/research/eliot-elisofon-photographic-archives/"}], "creditLine": [{"label": "Credit Line", "content": "Gift of Walt Disney World Co., a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company"}], "name": [{"label": "Maker", "content": "Yoruba artist"}], "topic": [{"label": "Topic", "content": "crocodile"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "Leadership"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "mudfish"}, {"label": "Topic", "content": "male"}], "place": [{"label": "Geography", "content": "Owo, Nigeria"}], "physicalDescription": [{"label": "Medium", "content": "Ivory"}, {"label": "Dimensions", "content": "H x W x D: 14.5 x 10.5 x 10.5 cm (5 11/16 x 4 1/8 x 4 1/8 in.)"}], "dataSource": [{"label": "Data Source", "content": "National Museum of African Art"}], "objectRights": [{"label": "Restrictions & Rights", "content": "CC0"}], "objectType": [{"label": "Type", "content": "Jewelry"}]}}, "url": "edanmdm:nmafa_2005-6-8", "hash": "e8b944ffb40485c76d884cd8c9aa568de7a6734e", "docSignature": "c0ffbd04947d747c3fe4c87e19ca7267", "timestamp": 1663781618, "lastTimeUpdated": 1656577802, "title": "Bracelet"}