Using this information, write a list of important facts and information:

Bonds are commonly referred to as fixed-income securities and are one of the main asset classes that individual investors are usually familiar with, along with stocks (equities) and cash equivalents.

When companies or other entities need to raise money to finance new projects, maintain ongoing operations, or refinance existing debts, they may issue bonds directly to investors. The borrower (issuer) issues a bond that includes the terms of the loan, interest payments that will be made, and the time at which the loaned funds (bond principal) must be paid back (maturity date). The interest payment (the coupon) is part of the return that bondholders earn for loaning their funds to the issuer. The interest rate that determines the payment is called the coupon rate.

The initial price of most bonds is typically set at at par, or $1,000 face value per individual bond. The actual market price of a bond depends on a number of factors: the credit quality of the issuer, the length of time until expiration, and the coupon rate compared to the general interest rate environment at the time. The face value of the bond is what will be paid back to the lender once the bond matures.

Most bonds can be sold by the initial bondholder to other investors after they have been issued. In other words, a bond investor does not have to hold a bond all the way through to its maturity date. It is also common for bonds to be repurchased by the borrower if interest rates decline, or if the borrower’s credit has improved, and it can reissue new bonds at a lower cost.

Bonds are commonly referred to as fixed-income securities and are one of the main asset classes that individual investors are usually familiar with, along with stocks (equities) and cash equivalents.

When companies or other entities need to raise money to finance new projects, maintain ongoing operations, or refinance existing debts, they may issue bonds directly to investors. The borrower (issuer) issues a bond that includes the terms of the loan, interest payments that will be made, and the time at which the loaned funds (bond principal) must be paid back (maturity date). The interest payment (the coupon) is part of the return that bondholders earn for loaning their funds to the issuer. The interest rate that determines the payment is called the coupon rate.

The initial price of most bonds is typically set at at par, or $1,000 face value per individual bond. The actual market price of a bond depends on a number of factors: the credit quality of the issuer, the length of time until expiration, and the coupon rate compared to the general interest rate environment at the time. The face value of the bond is what will be paid back to the lender once the bond matures.

Most bonds can be sold by the initial bondholder to other investors after they have been issued. In other words, a bond investor does not have to hold a bond all the way through to its maturity date. It is also common for bonds to be repurchased by the borrower if interest rates decline, or if the borrower’s credit has improved, and it can reissue new bonds at a lower cost.
• In addition to stocks and cash equivalents, bonds, also known as fixed-income securities, are common and a main asset class for investors.
• Bonds are issued directly to investors when a company or entity needs to raise cash for operations, new projects, or refinance existing debt.
• Bonds issued by the borrower include the terms of the loan, interest payments, and the date when the loaned funds must be paid back, known as the maturity date. 
• Investors earn income via the interest payment, or coupon, for the loan, which varies based on the interest rate.
• Bonds typically have an initial price set at par or a value of $1,000 per individual bond.
• Similar to stocks, bonds also have a market where most can be bought or sold, not requiring the initial investor to keep the bond through maturity. 
• The market price of a bond depends on several factors, such as the credit quality of the issuer, the length of time remaining until the bond expires, and the bond's interest rate compared to the general interest rates at the time.
• Issuers commonly repurchase bonds in scenarios where interest rates decline or the issuer's credit has improved, allowing new bonds to be issued at a lower cost.