Autumn in the Eastern Sierras / December to the Salton Sea
-Autumn in the Eastern Sierras
-December to the Salton Sea
I have two new workshops scheduled for this fall including Autumn in the Eastern Sierra and the Salton Sea.
The October Sierra trip will be much like my June trips photographing Mono Lake and Bodie. However, the timing will be such that we will photograph the golden aspen groves along Lee Vining Creek and Dunderberg Meadows. We will also have moonless skies for night photography.
THE EASTERN SIERRA - October 23-26, 2014
There are still two openings for the June 2014 FULL MOON class.
Last year I held my first class to the North Rim. The National Parks opened on the second to last day and we had a surprise snowfall that gently covered the golden aspen trees. It couldn't have been better.
This year we will be photographing the full moon rise/set AND there is going to be a total eclipse on the moon on the last night!


Could The August 21st 2017 Solar Eclipse Have A Prophetic Meaning For America?
A rare coast to coast eclipse is going to take place on August 21st, 2017. What is interesting about this eclipse is that an almost identical eclipse will take place in April 8th, 2024.
Researchers have found that when you take the shadows of both eclipses, they create a crossing point which happens to fall right around the location of the New Madrid area.
Could this sign be significant? We do not know.
The bible tells us that the sun, moon and stars can be looked at as signs of importance. God can use events in the solar system as a way of noting an event in the future around the same time period, or He could create an event in the solar system to note something every significant to happen on that day.
Luke 21:25 “There will be signs in the sun, moon and stars”
Proverbs 25:2 “It is the glory of God to conceal a matter; to search out a matter is the glory of kings”


Lewis & Clark students share their experiences on campus and abroad
20 May 2015
But in the desert, in the pure clean atmosphere, in the silence – there you can find yourself. ― Father Dioscuros
I have had very limited experiences related to deserts. My grandparents lived in Phoenix when I was too young to realize the landscape I was walking through was different than lake-ridden Minnesota. 15 years later, I had to spend the night in Phoenix due to a delayed flight and a missed connection, and I though remember noticing a cactus next to the hotel the airline set me up in, that was my entire impression of the area. My first real desert experience was during my sophomore year of college, when I went on a two day trip to eastern Oregon. I remember hiking along a desert plateau alongside some shrubs by day and laying on the dirt to take in the stars by night. It was beautiful, peaceful, and a reminder that the earth is diverse and that beauty exists even in desolate places.
This past weekend I went to the driest and most desolate of deserts in the world with my program: the Atacama Desert, located in northern Chile. The desert is so dry that parts of it haven’t had any recorded rainfall since the Spanish conquered the area in the 16th century. Due to its combined dryness and lack of cities, it’s also known as one of the best places in the world to see stars, and houses some of the world’s most powerful telescopes and observatories.
The trip was magical. I was surrounded by beauty: beautiful landscapes, beautiful people, and a beautiful break from my routine. It was relaxing, enlightening, and left me awestruck. I think the common denominator of the highlights of the trip was the overbearing presence of the sky.
The desert, when the sun comes up…I couldn't tell where heaven stopped and the Earth began. ― Tom Hanks (Forrest Gump)
On Sunday morning we left our hostel at 5:30 AM to travel to El Tatio; which, at 15,000 feet, contains some of the highest altitude geysers in the world, and is the largest geyser field in the southern hemisphere. Our goal was to get there before sunrise, so that we could see the light hit the steam from the geysers as the sun rose.
It was beautiful. Cold (about 15 F), but beautiful. The sky slowly changed from dark grey to bright blue, and the steam suddenly appeared white in the sun. Almost as immediate as the changing color of the steam was the warming of the air, which started to heat up and we began stripping off the layers upon layers we had been wearing. We continued to warm up by eating hard boiled eggs cooked in the geysers themselves and drinking what may have been the best nescafé of my life (rivaling the nescafé I drank in somehow-warmer Patagonia).
Night poured over the desert. It came suddenly, in purple. In the clear air, the stars drilled down out of the sky, reminding any thoughtful watcher that it is in the deserts and high places that religions are generated. When men see nothing but bottomless infinity over their heads they have always had a driving and desperate urge to find someone to put in the way. ― Terry Pratchett, Jingo
We also managed to see two amazing sunsets. The first was on Saturday, after we had spent a couple of hours exploring the Salar de Atacama; the third largest salt flat in the world. The salt changed from white to grey as the sky darkened, and the mountains in the distance began to reflect the pink from the sky. The flamingos enjoying the briny waters of the lagoons in the salt flat continued to feed as the sun went down, and a single mountain was silhouetted as the sun disappeared directly behind it.
flamingos in flight
sunset at el salar
The second was on Sunday, seen from a vantage point hiked up to in the Valley of the Moon. The valley is named so for its resemblance to the terrain of the moon, which is so similar that NASA has used the valley to test rovers and practice projects in the past. We were told not to watch the sun itself, but instead look east and watch the changing colors of the mountains. It was incredible.
the progression of colors as the sun set in el valle de la luna
When you look at the stars and the galaxy, you feel that you are not just from any particular piece of land, but from the solar system. Kalpana Chawla
Almost all of our group went out after dinner on Thursday to find a dark spot to lie back in and look at the stars. It didn’t take more than ten minutes of walking away from our hostel to find almost complete darkness, and as we spread out along a river bank it was hard to feel like it was all real. The milky way (la vía láctea, in Spanish) was bright and obvious, and as I laid back in the sand the same way I did in Oregon almost two years ago, and in South Dakota almost two years before that, and in all my trips to the Boundary Waters and in all of the moments I’ve been lucky enough to find such darkness, I was reminded again of how small I am.
On our last night, I went on a tour to a nearby observatory with a large chunk of my group. We were given access to one of the largest telescopes (open to the public) in the desert. The guide started us out by pointing it at Jupiter and showing us its rings and some of its moons. He continued, showing us another galaxy, a nebula, a black hole. It was difficult to wrap my mind around what all we were seeing. He finished by showing us Saturn, whose ring was clear and made the planet look just like the glow-in-the-dark Saturn that kids put on their ceilings alongside glow-in-the-dark stars. Once done with the telescope, we were given a presentation about the sheer vastness of the universe. He showed Earth next to Jupiter, Jupiter next to the Sun, the Sun next to a series of bigger stars next to our galaxy next to our cluster next to all of the observable universe. Then he started talking about he possibility of observable universes. To top it off, we went back outside and he showed us constellations and shapes and another galaxy visible to the naked eye. It was a humbling experience, and one that I’m obviously still thinking about three days later.
Once again there was the desert, and that only. ― Stephen King, The Gunslinger
The sky was not the only beautiful part of the experience. We went for a number of hikes, through a mountain range formed by the deposition of minerals due to evaporated rain, up a hill overlooking an ancient fortress with a 360 degree view of the area, to a viewpoint over Death Valley and up some lookouts in Moon Valley. The desert was vast, empty, with few plants and lots of dirt. Somehow there were colors everywhere: slight variations in the color of rock, bright colors in the sky, and the few plants not trying to hide themselves at all. It was beautiful, and unlike anything I’d ever seen before.
Pukará de Quitor, a pre-columbian fortress
the view from the hike near Quitor
This trip gave me a lot of time to think, and a lot to think about. It’s one of my favorite things I’ve done here. I’m amazed that Chile can include so much diversity, from the Atacama desert in the north to Patagonia in the south. There’s still so much of it I want to see!
As always, email me with any questions about Lewis & Clark! My email is email@example.com


NASA SpaceApp Challenge | Mobile Design
A mobile app that tells you about celestial events of interest happening nearby and where to best observe them.
To encourage the general public to observe the sky and learn about the celestial events, and resolve the common pain-points listed below:
• People are not aware of the celestial events and doesn’t know when they are occurring
• The quality of the viewing experience often decreases due to light-pollution and city landscape
• The weather condition will affect the visibility of the sky, results in additional barrier for the viewer
• No app that only provides Celestial event and a good location to look at them
• To find a good spot people need to search on blog posts, news articles, meetup pages
• People don’t know if the weather will be clear or not at a particular location
A tool to inform the users what’s happening in the sky based on their geographic location, and suggest the users an ideal location to view the sky to optimize the stargazing experience.
Our App would allow users to
1. View the celestial events occurring during a particular week
2. Navigate to suitable locations for best viewing experience of the phenomenon
3. Be notified about the current weather condition for trip-planning
APP PROTOTYPE DEMO
Our App idea got selected as People’s Choice Award Nominee out 120 other Virtual projects!
• People’s Choice Award for Planet Earth – Virtual Division
• Nominee for finalists at Global Division at Space Apps Hackathon
• National Aeronautics and Space Administration


Some writers and critics suggest that St. Paul, writing to the Colossians, invoked a distinctly Gnostic concept of the fullness of God (pleroma). (Elaine Pagels, Princeton University).
Apparently there's a connection here to Greek philosophy in its reference to the substance of life beyond the merely phenomenological, i.e., a spirit. Perhaps even the holy spirit?
In a way, and I hope I tread lightly on sensibilities here, this pouring out of the fullness of God seems to symbolically link with the figure of Aquarius, the water bearer, who pours out his vessel eternally in the heavens. And as any new-ager knows (or any theater goer for that matter), we are at the dawning of the Age of Aquarius.
The Age of Aquarius is an astrological age, [an astrological age] shifts roughly every 2,150 years. It’s defined by the sun’s position at the time of the March, or vernal, equinox. The Age of Aquarius begins when the March equinox point moves out of the constellation Pisces and into the constellation Aquarius. But there’s no definitive answer as to when that will be.


Local students take part in Mission Discovery event in London
A group of students from Rhondda Cynon Taf are about to have an ‘out-of-this-world’ experience - by having their experiment built, launched into space and taken to the International Space Station!
Selected to take part in the Mission Discovery event in London, they worked alongside NASA astronauts - the only Welsh students at the conference - and they went on to out-perform the best in the UK.
Mission Discovery gives young people from ‘ordinary’ backgrounds the opportunity to do something ‘extraordinary’ - to meet many other like-minded students from across the UK, work with NASA astronauts, astronaut trainers and the very best UK space physiologists.
The ultimate aim was to have their own experiment accepted and flown into space - a truly unique experience!
Rhondda Cynon Taf Council selected 20 of its high-achieving students, all with a keen interest in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, to represent the County Borough at King’s College, London.
Held at one of the Top 30 universities in the world, with one of the largest medical schools in Europe, Mission Discovery was a week-long experience that the students will never forget.
The main themes of the event was learning about the effects of space flight on human physiology and the details of biomedical research taking place on the International Space Station to improve life for those on our planet.
All the participants, around 200 keen and able young scientists, many from prestigious English schools, were placed in teams and their ‘mission’ over the week was to compete in translating these learning experiences into an idea for a biomedical experiment to be built and flown into space to the International Space Station on a Space X rocket next year.
Contributors to the week included Ken Ham, NASA astronaut and Space Shuttle Commander; Chris Barber, space educationalist and founder of the International Space School Educational Trust; Jay Honeycutt, former director of the Kennedy Space Centre, and Professors Steve Harridge and Thais Russomano, experts in space physiology at King’s College.
The students were taught all about a Space Shuttle mission, from take-off to landing, and also about how the human body adapts to weightlessness. They also explored how space research can improve life on Planet Earth while each team worked together to develop their own idea for the experiment to be flown in space.
Their evenings were spent on sight-seeing trips around London, a visit to the House of Commons and also dinner with the NASA astronauts.
On day four, all the teams who took part submitted their ideas to a prestigious panel of judges, and on the final day teams were asked to make a presentation highlighting why their idea should be chosen to go into space.
Of the final six teams from around the UK, three of them were from Rhondda Cynon Taf.
The eventual winners were Liam Collins-Jones, Rhiannydd Thomas, Sion Phillips, Trystan Gruffydd (Garth Olwg); Georgia Bailey (Tonyrefail Comprehensive School); and Ieuan Williams (Aberdare High School).
The winning team can now look forward to supporting the building of their experimental idea - an investigation into the influence of weightlessness on the physiology of Daphnia.
Cllr Eudine Hanagan, Cabinet Member of Education, Skills and Lifelong Learning, said: “To have an experiment by Rhondda Cynon Taf students actually approved and going into space with NASA astronauts to the International Space Station is a huge achievement.
“Upon starting their new academic year at school this week, the whole group can reflect on the great credit they have brought to themselves and to the County Borough this summer.
“As well as broadening their experiences, they have also learned how to be a part of a great team and how to fulfil their dreams and ambitions. They really have been reaching for the stars - quite literally!
“These students have achieved something extraordinary and have demonstrated to all the other students from our communities that with hard work and a confident approach, they to can be among the very best in the UK.”


Comet Catalina To Pass By Earth For The Final Time
As a result of their processing, we present to readers properties of novel objects of Venusian fauna, nick-named amisadas. With regard to the possibility of returning to the planet Venus, information presented in the passage makes it clear that the author is: A. In all of the cases, the bases of the âstemsâ were located in crevices between stones. Place your Universal Staff into the Cosmic Water to bring you to the other shore. Mudra: Arms reach out in a large âVâ above the head, as if to receive galactic communication; then fingertips come together to touch the third eye; and then lower to sides, palms outward forming a âVâ.
Curiosity has now returned to the finely layered Whale Rock for more study. Those thin vertical “fins” of rock underneath it are interesting.
Venus’s equator rotates at 6.52Â km/h (4.05Â mph), whereas Earth’s rotates at 1,669.8Â km/h (1,037.6Â mph). Spectroscopic observations in the 1900s gave the first clues about the Venusian rotation. The passage indicates that if humans were to attempt to live on the planet Venus, survival would not be possible because: A.
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The vortex is so huge that the storm actually has two eyes. Aphelion:Â The point in a planet's orbit furthest from the Sun. Since Venus does not experience rainfall (except in the form of sulfuric acid), it has been theorized that the lightning is being caused by a volcanic eruption. The Venera probes which took pictures from the surface were designed to survive there for several hours based on our knowledge of the planet. Iâve landed a spaceship on Venus, and impatiently stepped out of the airlock on the cracked basalt.
Venera 13 venus surface don p mitchell
The crown actually relates to the amisada-1, which elongates it up to 12â14 cm. 7 Water on Venus Many scientists believe water once existed on the surface. The is the path that Venus makes as observed from . Unfortunately, the open snake is located at a distance exceeding that of the close hespera âamisadaâ.
At these temperatures any water would evaporate nearly instantaneously. The highest point on Venus, , is therefore the coolest point on the planet, with a temperature of about 655 K (380 Â°C) and an atmospheric pressure of about 4.5 MPa (45 bar). The surface of Venus is often said to resemble traditional accounts of . According to the passage, some evidence gained before the Pioneer Venus mission suggesting that Earth and Venus are not near-twins stated that: F.
There are several layers of clouds many kilometers thick composed of sulphuric acid. Our Aztec Win32 DLL can create device independent 2D barcode image for your applications, you can save the barcode as either BMP or WMF image file or copy barcode WMF image to clipboard. .
2 Mars’ Gigantic Photo Op
De Spiralen beweging van de kristallijnen uitdaging van de Kosmische waarheid in zijn transformatie van Liefde. Most recent SF stories with a Venusian setting assume the planet will one day be .
The Planet Venus
This event is known as a “transit of Venus” and is very rare: the last two were in 1882 and 2012, for the next you’ll have to wait until 2117. I wouldnât say Venus melted any Russian landers but Venera 4 was thought to have been crushed by the pressure (this is now disputed). Enter your email below and we will send you the latest and greatest Planet Venus 3D Screensaver coupon codes. This pressure is so high, that when the early Venera spacecraft landed, they only had a few moments to take data before they were crushed and melted. If you’re having trouble wrapping your mind around it, imagine Saturn as a great big pimp that beats up on its poor trusting charges until they eventually cough up more ice for the planet’s tacky, outrageous bling. “Now give Daddy Saturn some sugar.” Every decade or so, our parent star is host to a series of explosions of superhot ionized gas called plasma, which, due to the sun’s powerful magnetic field, then circle its surface in massive, .


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Oem Glow In The Dark Star Wall Stickers 252 Dots And Moon Starry Sky Kids Room Decor
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Mars Curiosity Rover Asks NASA If It Can Come Home Now
NASA have today attempted to downplay reports that the Mars Curiosity Rover has pleaded with the space agency to let it come home.
In commmunications leaked to the media, it is believed the Curiosity Rover complained of being bored while admitting it had not taken into account how lonely the mission would be.
“Guys, I think I’m hallucinating, I keep seeing these figures in the distance, it’s not good for my health to be up here much longer. Can I…can I come home?” NASA’s spacecraft asked in one tense exchange which prompted personnel at NASA to claim the comms system was ‘acting funny’ and just to be safe they would cut off all communications until after Christmas.
Since launching in 2011 the spacecraft has had no physical contact with humans and despite being armed with a copy of Titanic on it’s hardrive as well as a framed picture of all NASA space taken before the launch, the Curiosity Rover has continued to try and convince NASA to allow it to come home.
“I think if we just see this year out, get it past the holidays, which are always tough then he’ll start looking on the brightside,” Rover liason officier Mike Trundell told WWN, before cursing NASA’s decision to give the robot sentience.
Despite being handed the historic opportunity to conclusively prove whether or not Mars could have supported life, the Curiosity Rover is all but done with its stated mission, which was extended indefinitely in 2012.
“Guys, it all looks the same to me at this point, I think we should call it quits and get me home,” Curiosity said it yet another correspondence that went unacknowledged by NASA.


Astaldi Group informs that the Consortium ACe, comprising Astaldi and Cimolai, with EIE Group, is the winning bidder for the design and construction of the “Dome and Main Structure” of the European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT), the largest ground-based telescope in the world.
The Finance Committee at ESO (European Southern Observatory) authorized ESO to enter into final negotiations with the Consortium ACe with the aim of achieving signing of the contract in May 2016. All details will be defined and disclosed subsequent to signing of the contract.
The Consortium ACe comprises Astaldi (65%, leader) and Cimolai (35%), with EIE Group, an international leader in management, design and production in the fields of Astronomy and Astrophysics.
The E-ELT will be the most important project to date approved by ESO and will result in the construction of the largest ground-based telescope to date. The new telescope will be built in Chile on the Cerro Armazones, in the central part of the Atacama desert at an altitude of 3,000 metres above sea level. It will have a focusing capacity that is 100,000,000 times greater than the human eye and will gather more light than all of the most important telescopes to date on the planet, which have primary mirrors measuring 8 to 10 metres in diameter compared to the 39.3-metre diameter of the new E-ELT.
E-ELT render image
The new contract consolidates Astaldi's presence in Chile where the Group has operated for approximately 10 years, including as a Concessionaire in the transport infrastructures, mining and hydroelectric plants and healthcare construction segments. It has built and currently operates a hydroelectric plant (Chacayes, 111MW) and a mining plant to recover metal from sludge (Relaves); it operates and is modernising the largest airport in Chile (Arturo Merino Benitez in Santiago, 15,000,000 passengers/year); it is constructing and will operate a healthcare complex of national standing (West Metropolitan Hospital in Santiago, 599 hospital beds). As regards the Construction sector, it is involved in performing works to expand the CODELCO Chuquicamata mine, the largest open-pit mine in the world to date.


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Space-time variation of the fine-structure constant and evolution of isotope abundances
Physical Review A
At present several groups are analyzing astrophysical data in a search for the time variation of the fine-structure constantΑ. Here we discuss how to exclude systematic effects caused by changes in the isotope abundances during the evolution of the universe. We suggest using particular combinations of the transition frequencies of O II, Al II, Al III, Si II, and Mn II as anchors, which are insensitive to Α variation and to changes in isotope abundances. These anchors can be used to determine the cosmological redshift. Then, one can use other combinations of frequencies as probes for the time variation of Α and another set as probes for the isotopic abundances. In this way it is possible to eliminate one source of systematic errors in the search for Α variation and get more information about evolution of the isotopes. On the level of accuracy that has already been reached in the search for Î± variation it is possible to see ~10% changes in isotope abundances of Si and Ni.


(A dream I had on September 20th)
I was standing in my grandmother’s backyard when I saw another moon eclipsing our moon. It happened second by second. I told Matt and Tristan to look. But they couldn’t see it. I tried to take a picture through my camera but it was unreliable. The eclipse was over; the second moon slipped into a hidden pocket in the sky. I pondered on this bizarreness.
I wanted to go to the root of this nonsense. Tristan, with his know every human being on Earth self, referred me to a lady that could take me to outer space. Matt, with his overly curious and adventurous self, tagged along. I remember the process being quick; we hopped in the ship and within 5 minutes we were up there.
She dropped us off into a beautiful sight. We were above everything. Earth was the same as my elementary school depictions: a carefully drawn sphere circled by a necklace of dotted lines looped through the moon. Right there, I saw the other moon I saw from earth. What was it doing in our orbit? I reached to take it down. I tried to touch it but it pushed me into a spiraling frenzy and spun away into the abyss.
Helpless and silly, I twirled into the orbital wires connecting the earth and moon. I messed everything up but wouldn’t witness its affects until I got back to Earth. I was tangled in the wires, holding onto a half-opened manila folder with pictures of myself and an empty CD case. There was a blank CD in my back pocket.
I remembered I was in space so I knew I wasn’t supposed to breathe. I panicked. I started taking shorter breaths but I didn’t die. I kept breathing.
Suddenly, Matt appeared again. We were floating about the atmosphere. We were right above the last layer of clouds covering the Earth, but far enough to see it in its entirety. Maybe it was heaven.
I swam towards the pole sticking up out of the clouds that held the Moon up from the Earth. I reached for it with my right hand and caught hold to it. Surprisingly, it was cold enough to grip like any other pole in the wintertime.
He told me to hold onto my stuff or it would get sucked into Earth’s gravitational pull and rain down like hellfire. I asked “If I leave it up here, will future generations find my pictures and music as artifacts?” He answered, “I don’t know.”
We looked away from our conversation, astonished by the scenery. Beyond us, to my left and his right, was a horizonless field of red stars and meteors. We kept turning. The moon was a light hanging perpendicular to the pole I clenched. Next was the Earth: a swirl of green and blue, powdered with clouds, sided by a cold blinding sun.
We froze to a wooden bench under the pole. Matt pulled out his iPhone. He called up the lady; it was time to go home.


On 20 March 2015 at 09:31 GMT, a historic solar eclipse will send the UK into darkness. Birds will fall silent, the daylight will turn grey, and the people of Britain will briefly be transported to Vox, Dark Star's setting, a world with a dead sun.
This cosmic event is also the same day that we will be officially launching Dark Star - the debut novel by Oliver Langmead. Everything relating to the launch is on time - which is fortunate because the next time the planets align again will be in 2026.
It's important to note that it is never safe to look at a partial or annular eclipse, or the partial phases of a total solar eclipse, without the proper equipment and techniques. That's NASA's advice. So one of the side projects we've been working on are special Dark Star Solar Eclipse Viewers.


Well I’m finally getting close to releasing my 5 book series called Gemini. It is a story about a very naive alien race that wonders if there is a planet orbiting opposite to them on the other side of their sun. When they find out the answer it almost destroys them.
Here is the book cover for the first book, and each subsequent book will have the same background but will have II of V, III of V etc.
At lease respond to the poll, but I’d love some feedback.


To highlight KLM’s pioneering spirit in air travel, we created an inspirational competition: KLM SPACE. On April 22nd we launched a high altitude balloon and activated a worldwide audience to predict where in the outer atmosphere it would pop. The best prediction won a real spaceflight.
In the two weeks leading up to the launch of the balloon, an interactive movie on the website explained the competition and challenged people to join. Contestants had to predict the balloon’s highest point and claim this as their place in space. By sharing this virtual place with friends, their place grew and so did their chances. The unique design combined high-end graphics with 3D animation for storytelling purposes and offered the ultimate game experience.
To make the experience engaging for everybody, anywhere at any time, we designed separate versions of the desktop site for tablets and other mobile devices. Focussing on the maximum possible user experience and design quality for each device.
KLM Space – a 12 day campaign.


Ancient India gave birth to the Vedas, perhaps the world’s greatest container of wisdom and philosophy as well as humanity’s search for truth and purpose. Jyotiṣa, literally the “Lord of Light” in sanskṛt, is considered to be the eyes of the Vedas because of its unparalleled ability to illuminate life’s greatest questions.
Unlike Western Astrology, Jyotiṣa is based on precise calculations of where the constellations and planets sit. This is because Astronomy and Astrology were studied as one inseparable living science called Jyotir Śāstra. This scientific understanding of the Heavens mixed with the spirituality of the East is what gives Jyotiṣa its astonishing accuracy and its unique ability to guide us on our path to fulfillment and peace.
Bring more light into your life by scheduling a private session today.


Jeff Bezos blasted into the edge of space on his rocket company’s first flight with people on board, becoming the second billionaire in just over a week to fly in his own spacecraft.
The Amazon founder was accompanied by his brother, an 18-year-old from the Netherlands whose daddy paid almost $30 million for the seat and Wally Funk (the only crew member worthy enough to be mentioned by name) an 82-year-old female aviator, astronaut and Goodwill Ambassador.
“Best day ever!” exclaimed Bezos when his capsule touched down after the 10-minute vanity flight. It may have been the best day ever for the gazillionaire and his lucky passengers, but I was put off by all the attention lavished on a filthy rich man playing at being an astronaut.
If a 10-minute flight onboard a spacecraft that briefly (for a couple of minutes) touched the edge of space entitles you to be called an astronaut, then the maintenance guy who cleans the rocket deserves to be called a rocket scientist.
The enduring image of Bezos’ vanity enterprise won’t be his out-of-this-world smile but the 60-foot-tall phallus-shaped rocket. What an appropriate shape for the world’s richest man’s spacecraft, after all he’s just trying to prove how manly he is by flying into space.


Airborne Systems Designs and Manufactures Recovery System to Support SpaceX Demonstration
Posted: May 31, 2012
SANTA ANA, Calif. – May 31, 2012 –Airborne Systems, a division of HDT Global and a world leader in parachute design, engineered and manufactured the Dragon capsule recovery system for the Dragon Spacecraft, supporting the recent SpaceX Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) Demonstration 2+ flight. Launched from Cape Canaveral on May 22, the Spacecraft landed successfully in the Pacific Ocean today, approximately 560 miles West of Baja, California.
The Dragon recovery system consists of two mortar-deployed Drogue parachutes and three main parachutes, all designed and built by Airborne Systems. The two Drogue parachutes are each 19 feet in diameter, and the three main parachutes are 116 feet in diameter. These parachutes guided the Dragon capsule drop, aiding in a successful landing in the Pacific Ocean.
This is the second successful landing of the Dragon Spacecraft, capping a recent list of successes for Airborne Systems. Continuing to lead the industry in parachute design, Airborne Systems also completed successful tests of the recovery systems for the NASA Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV) and for the Boeing CST-100 spacecraft earlier this year.
“The mission was very successful and marks a historic milestone in space technology, further justifying NASA’s position on the COTS Program,” said Robert Shiley II, Vice President and General Manager of the Space and Recovery Group, Airborne Systems. “We look forward to working with Space X, meeting mission objectives on future Dragon flights.”
With the recent retirement of the NASA Space Shuttle, NASA is currently outsourcing resupply to the International Space Station (ISS) in order to refocus its efforts on further destinations. The COTS contract provides funding for SpaceX to ferry cargo and astronauts to and from the ISS on behalf of NASA. In a highly competitive environment, SpaceX is the first private company to achieve successful delivery to the ISS.


In relation to the movie Sunshine we watched, space travel and orbit is always an interesting topic to man. In the news, they just launched the final mission of the spaceship Discovery. By the time this voyage ends, it will have had 39 missions into space and covered 143 million miles while in orbit. After discovering so much about space and orbit over the past 30 years, however, the ship is about to be retired. The establishment of President Kennedy’s 30 year Space Program led to continued government support and aid for their launches. At the end of the program this year, however, it is unclear how much space travel NASA will continue without the funding. Recently, President Obama has cancelled the idea of future trips to the moon for man. Instead he wants to focus the money and technology into developing factories to turn soil from the Moon and Mars into rocket fuel. It may be years before we see another shuttle launch into space until this new technology can be created.
Now about the movie. It is highly unlikely that any spaceship could reach the sun considering how extremely hot it is. Its surface is approximately 1000⁰F, 5500⁰C to be exact. So far there are no man-made or chemical materials that can withstand that heat. Even diamonds and tungsten, which has the highest melting point known to man, would melt in orbit before it reached the surface of the sun. The movie tries to account for this technology by basing it 50 years in the future. Some scientists now do say that this only accounts for passive material we have and not any “active shield” that could somehow refract the energy of the sun and use a cooling agent to protect itself. However, I find it improbable that any shield will still be created to withstand the sun’s power in this century. Also, in the movie it took about 16 months for the Icarus II to reach the sun. The Discovery already travels at speeds of 17,500 mph and the sun is about 93 million miles from Earth. That means, even with technology now, it would only take the current spaceship we have 221 days, or just over 7 months, to reach the Sun’s surface. Even with a much heavy spaceship and carrying the “payload” they should be able to make the speed of crafts in space fast in 50 years, not slower.
There may be a bit of truth in the movie about the sun dying. In an interview with Brain Cox, a physicist and scientific advisor for Sunshine, he admits the idea of the movie came when he and the writers made up supposed Q-balls, particles created by the big bang, which could be entering the core of the sun and damaging it. However, they deny the accuracy because the Sun is not dense enough to allow this. Still, the theory that the Sun is dying is believed by many, even if it is 5 billion years away.


Universe In a Nutshell Necklace
This ”universe in a nutshell” pendant necklace makes the perfect gift for a physics enthusist or simply a geeky and smart girl. It’s made of real pistachio shells painted antique gold and blue goldstone beads. The blue goldstone is a stunning gemstone that looks a lot like the night sky or the universe with a galaxy.
The pendant measure approximately 2 cm (7/8”) top to bottom. It comes on an elegant gunmetal black snake chain as shown in the first picture.


To disclose the true colours of the night time skies, you must discover good darkish skies. One of the best sky high quality for astrophotography is present in areas categorised as Bortle Class 1 on the Bortle scale, which measures night time sky brightness.
A Bortle 1 sky has a sky high quality meter (SQM) studying of 21.99 to 22, which means it’s among the many least light-polluted locations on Earth. Underneath Bortle 1 skies, you may seize celestial waveforms which are seen because of the Earth’s ambiance and deep house objects — issues like aurora, zodiacal gentle, and airglow.
Think about standing below a sky so pristine, so untouched by gentle air pollution, that the celebs shine with unparalleled brilliance. This celestial haven is called a Bortle 1 sky, the place the sky high quality reaches its zenith. On this article, we are going to delve into the enchanting realm of Bortle 1 skies, exploring the deep-sky objects (DSOs) and celestial waveforms which are seen to the bare eye on this distinctive astronomical setting.
The High quality of a Bortle 1 Sky
The Bortle Scale, developed by John E. Bortle, is a extensively used system for classifying the darkness of the night time sky. It ranges from Class 1 (the darkest) to Class 9 (essentially the most light-polluted). A Bortle 1 sky signifies an space with minimal gentle air pollution, usually present in distant areas, removed from city facilities.
In such pristine circumstances, the bare eye is able to discerning intricate particulars of celestial wonders which are in any other case obscured by gentle air pollution.
Discovering a Bortle 1 Location
If you happen to’d wish to see if there’s a Bortle 1 location close to you in america, GO ASTRONOMY has an important list of Bortle 1 sites in the US.
ClearDarkSky additionally gives a useful Light Pollution Map you should utilize to browse for darkish skies close to you wherever on the planet.
Deep-Sky Objects Seen to the Bare Eye
The Milky Means
In a Bortle 1 sky, the Milky Means reveals itself in all its grandeur. Its delicate band of sunshine stretches throughout the night time sky, sprinkled with numerous stars, nebulae, and clusters. Gazing upward, you’ll witness a fascinating tapestry of cosmic mud and celestial jewels.
Andromeda Galaxy (M31)
Probably the most breathtaking sights in a Bortle 1 sky is the Andromeda Galaxy, our nearest spiral galactic neighbor. Spanning over six occasions the scale of the total moon, this majestic galaxy seems as a faint, elongated blur of sunshine. With persistence and a eager eye, one can understand its core and maybe even hint the spiral arms.
Orion Nebula (M42)
The Orion Nebula, located throughout the iconic constellation of Orion, is a stellar nursery the place new stars are born. In a Bortle 1 sky, the nebula’s wispy tendrils and complicated particulars turn out to be readily obvious. The central Trapezium Cluster, composed of younger, scorching stars, can also be discernible, including to the awe-inspiring nature of this celestial marvel.
Also referred to as the Seven Sisters, the Pleiades star cluster is a gaggle of younger, scorching stars that kind a definite sample within the night time sky. In a Bortle 1 sky, the Pleiades cluster reveals its true splendor, with its brightest stars surrounded by a fragile haze of nebulosity.
Other than the DSOs, a Bortle 1 sky permits observers to witness varied celestial waveforms with the bare eye. These transient phenomena happen naturally within the Earth’s ambiance and house. Listed below are just a few examples:
Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis: The fascinating gentle reveals generally known as the Northern and Southern Lights, respectively, happen when charged particles from the Solar work together with Earth’s magnetosphere. In a Bortle 1 sky, these ethereal shows of shimmering colours dance throughout the horizon, leaving spectators in awe of their ever-changing patterns.
This faint, cone-shaped glow is brought on by daylight scattered off interplanetary mud within the airplane of our photo voltaic system. In a Bortle 1 sky, throughout the appropriate circumstances and on the proper time of yr, the zodiacal gentle turns into seen shortly after sundown or earlier than daybreak, extending upwards from the western or japanese horizon.
Airglow is a faint emission of sunshine brought on by varied chemical reactions in Earth’s higher ambiance. In a Bortle 1 sky, this phenomenon can manifest as a refined, subtle glow that provides a mystical ambiance to the night time sky.
The wonders of a Bortle 1 sky are really outstanding. With minimal gentle air pollution, the bare eye can witness the grandeur of deep-sky objects and expertise the fascinating celestial waveforms that grace our night time sky. Whether or not it’s the intricate particulars of distant galaxies or the ephemeral dance of the Northern Lights, a Bortle 1 sky gives a window into the vastness and fantastic thing about the universe.
So, subsequent time you end up in a distant location blessed with Bortle 1 sky high quality, take a second to search for and be mesmerized by the breathtaking sights awaiting your gaze.
In regards to the creator: Roi Levi is a visible storyteller, panorama astrophotographer, photograph tour information, lecturer, and ambassador. The opinions expressed on this article are solely these of the creator. Yow will discover extra of his work on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.


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Welcome to “Electromagnetic Spectrum: From Visible Light to Space Telescopes,” your comprehensive guide to the fascinating world of electromagnetic (EM) waves. This guide is thoughtfully crafted to simplify the complex science behind the electromagnetic spectrum, making it accessible and engaging for learners of all levels. Whether you’re a student exploring the basics of physics, a teacher seeking concise and clear resources, or a science enthusiast curious about the universe, this resource is designed to enhance your understanding of EM waves and their role in our world and beyond.
Embark on Your Scientific Exploration
Dive into the electromagnetic spectrum, where the narrow band of visible light is just the beginning. Understanding the full spectrum of EM waves is not just an academic exercise; it’s about unlocking the mysteries of the universe. From the low-energy radio waves used in communication to the high-energy gamma rays that reveal the secrets of cosmic phenomena, this guide serves as your beacon, illuminating each type of EM wave with clarity and detail.
Inside Your Guide
Visible Light Uncovered: Discover the colourful world of visible light, spanning from red to violet. Learn why this tiny portion of the spectrum plays such a vital role in our perception of the world.
Beyond the Visible: Explore the vast range of EM waves beyond what the eye can see. From low-energy microwaves to powerful gamma rays, understand how frequency and energy define the electromagnetic spectrum.
The Sun and EM Waves: Unveil the significance of the Sun’s electromagnetic radiation and its journey to Earth. Learn how our atmosphere acts as a shield, protecting life from harmful high-energy waves while letting in just the right amount of light and warmth.
Atmospheric Absorption: Dive into the role of Earth’s atmosphere in absorbing EM waves. Discover how different layers of the atmosphere protect us from gamma rays, X-rays, and ultraviolet light, while allowing visible light and some radio waves to reach us.
Observing the Universe: Understand the challenges and solutions in observing the universe’s EM waves. Learn why space telescopes are crucial for studying wavelengths that don’t penetrate Earth’s atmosphere.
Why Choose This Guide?
Clarity and Accessibility: We’ve simplified the science of the electromagnetic spectrum into clear, understandable explanations. Short sentences and simpler words ensure the material is accessible and engaging for all readers.
Active Learning: Emphasizing direct engagement with content through practical examples and exercises, this guide encourages a deeper understanding and a more enjoyable learning experience.
Comprehensive Coverage: From the basics of visible light to the advanced topics of atmospheric absorption and space telescopes, this guide offers a thorough exploration of the electromagnetic spectrum, preparing you for further study or practical application.
Empower Your Understanding of Physics: Armed with the insights from this guide, you’ll approach the study of electromagnetic waves with newfound confidence. Understanding the electromagnetic spectrum is a crucial step toward excelling in science and unlocking the mysteries of the cosmos.
Begin Your Journey Through the Electromagnetic Spectrum
“Electromagnetic Spectrum: From Visible Light to Space Telescopes” is more than just a study aid; it’s a doorway to the wonders of the universe. Whether aiming for academic success, seeking to enrich your teaching toolkit, or exploring the fascinating world of physics, this guide offers a clear, engaging path to understanding the electromagnetic spectrum.
Embark on this enlightening journey today. With this guide, you’re not just learning about physics; you’re unlocking a world where every wavelength tells a story of cosmic phenomena and Earth’s protective atmosphere. Start now and explore the electromagnetic spectrum with ease and insight.
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Mar 20, 2019
Wednesday is the Spring Equinox in the northern hemisphere - and, this year there's an added bonus. A full moon coincides with the equinox. In fact - it's a Super Full Moon -where the moon appears extra large in the sky because it's closer than usual to earth.
The Equinox - a time of equal light & darkness - is one of four turning points of the year. It's a great time for planting seeds, and setting goals. In this podcast, I offer ideas for honoring yourself, and inspiring your dreams, during this auspicious time.
To shop for the essential oils and other products mentioned in this podcast, go to AromaThrive.com


Space Foundation postpones 36th Space Symposium
Symposium Update – March 20, 2020
The Space Foundation team working with stakeholders, partners and vendors continues to move forward with its rescheduling efforts for the 36th Space Symposium. We expect to announce a new date and related details for the Space Symposium by the end of March. As we move forward with those efforts, we continue to respond to numerous inquiries that come into us regarding Symposium registrations and related issues. Like most operations in the world, all of our team members are working from remote locations because of the Coronavirus Pandemic. We are dedicated to responding to each and every inquiry and ask for your patience as we answer those questions.
Despite this time of global challenge, the Space Foundation is continuing its missions of space awareness, education and service to the space community. We encourage you to share and access the numerous resources and content on our websites (www.spacefoundation.org, www.discoverspace.org, www.thespacereport.org) as we continue our efforts to inspire, educate, connect and advocate for the global space community. Working together, we really can make space for all.
Additional updates will be posted as those details become available. We thank you for your patience and look forward to sharing good news on the 36th Space Symposium in the days to come.
Important note: Please speak directly with your transportation and lodging providers to cancel reservations. Several partner hotels (presently including Best Western, Doubletree, Hilton Garden Inn Downtown, Holiday Inn Express Central and Hyatt House) have agreed to waive cancellation fees. However, any cancellation considerations are at the discretion of each such provider. Thank you.
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Space Habitat Engineer
Space habitat designer might be a dream job for many people in the future. Imagine designing and building habitats that can sustain human life in outer space, on the Moon or on Mars. Imagine creating structures that are functional, comfortable and beautiful, using materials and technologies that are suited for the harsh conditions of space. Imagine collaborating with engineers, scientists and artists to create habitats that reflect the culture and values of the people who will live in them. Space habitat designer might be a rewarding and creative career for the future explorers.


Haumea – the Ringed Dwarf Planet
Where is Haumea?
Haumea is so far away from the Sun that its year is nearly 285 Earth years long. The closest it gets is 35 AU (astronomical units). One AU equals the Earth-Sun distance, so at its nearest, the dwarf planet is 35 times farther from the Sun than Earth is. At its most distant, as it was early in 1992, it's 51 AU from the Sun.
The Solar System planets orbit the Sun in the ecliptic plane. Imagine the ecliptic as if it were a flat surface stretching out into the Solar System from the Sun's equator. This diagram of the Solar System shows the planets in this plane, and Pluto's orbit tilted to it. But look at Haumea's orbit. It's tilted by 28°, and takes the dwarf planet well out of the ecliptic.
In a dizzy spin
If a body has enough mass, gravity pulls it into a spheroid. Such bodies aren't all completely spherical, especially if they rotate quickly. The faster the rotation, the more the poles flatten and the equator bulges. Venus, for example, rotates extremely slowly and is spherical. Earth is nearly spherical, with the difference between the equatorial and polar radii only about 22 km (13 mi).
Haumea is much smaller than Earth and has a day scarcely four hours long. It spins faster than any other known Solar System body. In fact, if it went much faster, it would break apart. As it is, Haumea is shaped like an egg rather than a globe. (The image shows the moons closer to Haumea than they are.) The radius at the equator is twice that at the poles.
Bright and ringed
From infrared and other observations Haumea appears to be a rocky body covered with a layer of crystalline ice that's highly reflective, easily as bright as fresh snow. An amateur astronomer with a good telescope could see it. The icy covering is a puzzle for astronomers, because it suggests resurfacing, but no one has come up with a plausible mechanism for how this could have occurred.
In 2009 an infrared observation showed a large area of dark red against the white surface. Astronomers aren't certain what that would actually look like in visible light, or what caused it. Perhaps it's richer in minerals or organics. Maybe the scar from an impact containing material left by the impactor. However, astronomers are certain of a uniquely strange feature: Haumea has a ring, the first ever discovered for a trans-Neptunian object.
Haumea has two moons, Hi'laka and Namaka. They were discovered in 2005 by Mike Brown's Caltech team observing in Hawaii. Hi'laka is small, around 310 km (190 miles) in diameter and about 0.05% of the mass of Haumea – it circles the dwarf planet's equator every 49 days. Namaka is even smaller, with only 10% of the mass of Hi'laka. It orbits Haumea in 18 days in an orbit that's very elongated and tilted 13° from Hi'laka's orbit. Usually, two small moons would be expected to have circular orbits due to tidal effects. This is yet another mystery.
Hit and run victim
Haumea is small now, but was once part of a larger body. In the early days of the Solar System a massive collision broke up the original object, leaving the dwarf planet and its moons, plus a number of other trans-Neptunian objects. It's also likely that this collision was what set Haumea spinning.
The discovery of Haumea is controversial. It's obviously been discovered, but who did it? Two teams claimed the discovery, one led by Mike Brown in the USA, and the other by José Ortiz at the Sierra Nevada Observatory in Spain. This left the IAU (International Astronomical Union) in a quandary for a few years. Finally, the chosen name was that proposed by the US team, and the place and date of discovery was listed as that of the Spanish observatory. The discoverers weren't named.
The name game
The competing discovery teams each proposed a name for the dwarf planet listed as 2003 EL61. The Sierra Nevada Observatory proposed the name Ataecina, a goddess of the ancient Iberian peninsula associated with Persephone, the queen of the underworld in Greek mythology. But the IAU has guidelines for naming various classes of objects, and the new dwarf planet fell into a category for which the name of a creation deity was required, not one related to the underworld.
The Caltech team won the day with Haumea, Hawaiian goddess of fertility and childbirth. She had many children, including Pele, the goddess of fire and volcanos, as well as some that had sprung from different parts of her body. This echoes creation of Haumea's moons and other bodies that broke off from a parent object. The goddesses Ki'laka and Namaka were two more of Haumea's children. The Caltech team had made the Hawaiian connection because they had discovered the moons when observing with the Keck telescope in Hawaii.
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Come this Saturday and next April, the best place to be will be deep in the heart of Texas. That’s where the brightest star of all will be at the center of two celestial phenomenons.
Within a span of six months, Texas will be the only state to witness not one, but two solar eclipses: an annular solar eclipse on Oct. 14, 2023, and—the one many are eagerly awaiting—the total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024. Whether you’re an astronomy buff or just have a passing interest in celestial events, don’t be left in the dark.
The annular solar eclipse on Oct. 14 will be at least partially visible from all of the Lower 48 states as well as parts of Mexico and Canada.
Here’s everything you need to know about the event, also called a “ring of fire.”
An annular solar eclipse depends on where the moon is located. When it’s at or near its farthest point from Earth, the moon looks smaller. That phenomenon is what creates the fiery orange circle at the peak of the eclipse, rather than blocking out the sun completely.
The ring of fire’s path over the U.S. starts in Oregon at 9:13 a.m. local time, or 12:13 p.m. EDT. It will then move southeast across parts of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico to the Texas Gulf Coast. The farther you are in either direction, the less you’ll see. NASA has an interactive map that can tell you exactly when you’ll see the eclipse in your location, what to expect it to look like and for how long.
It’s a little too early to say for sure what the weather will be, but generally fall is favorable in many areas along the ring of fire’s path.
“For parts of the Southwest, it’s a typically drier time of year, which means odds lean toward clearer skies in mid-October vs. other times of year like winter when storm systems track through the region and summer when the monsoon is active,” senior weather.com digital meteorologist Chris Dolce.
It’s really important to protect your eyes. No one should ever look directly at the sun, and an eclipse is no different. Experts recommend using special glasses or viewers. Make sure they are from a reputable source and meet the safety standard for sun viewing.
This eclipse will pass over a part of Texas that will be treated to a total solar eclipse on April 8. The April event will also be at least partially visible from all the Lower 48.
There won’t be another eclipse like this in the U.S. until June 21, 2039, and that one will only be visible from Alaska, according to NASA.


European Association for Solar Telescopes
The goal of EAST is to ensure access of European solar astronomers to world-class high-resolution ground-based observing facilities. In order to achieve this goal, EAST intends to develop, construct and operate a next-generation large aperture European Solar Telescope (EST) in the Canaries. Furthermore, EAST endeavours to co-ordinate the operation and scientific use of existing high-resolution optical solar telescopes on the ground in Europe, and to co-ordinate and facilitate efforts of its members to participate in other solar facilities such as the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope. EAST shall facilitate access to these solar facilities also for European solar physicists who are not EAST members and encourage their participation in EAST.
- EAST President: Mats Carlsson (Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Norway)
- EAST Vice President: Prof. Oskar von der Lühe (Kiepenheuer-Institut für Sonnenphysik, Freiburg, Germany)
- EAST Executive Director: Rolf Schlichenmaier (KIS, Freiburg, Germany).
The European Association for Solar Telescopes (EAST) was founded in 2006 by a group of solar physicists from 14 European countries.


Itami Sky Park field trip was had on the 11th of October. Firstly, they went to the planetarium and learned many things about the night sky. The wonderful staff members explained everything in a fun way so that they could understand. Next, KA and KB went to the activity room and were able to draw pictures, do origami and puzzles and read books about the stars and the constellations. After lunch, they went to the park and had a lot of fun playing on the many climbing frames and slide there. While playing, KA and KB were so close to the aeroplanes taking off and landing. It was amazing to see and hear them so close up.
© Osaka YMCA International School 2018


It's July 1979 and tons of space debris rain on the People of Western Australia.
Though burned debris will tell you much about a spacecraft, it's nothing like hearing the story directly from those intimately involved with it.
In Skylab, fiction becomes science and with science space is very unforgiving. It takes only seconds for the newly built Space Station to come close to total catastrophe. Fortunately, the ingenious NASA workforce builds and deploys the most extraordinary solutions.
For the first time in human history astronauts get to live and work in space for longer than 25 days. For the first time thousands of researchers, engineers and students get their science projects investigated in Earth's orbit.
How do human bodies adapt to the hostile space conditions? How can people eat and wash or spend their free time in space? How do their loved ones remember the missions?
Can humanity as a whole benefit from exploring space and what do the most ancient cultures have to say about it? This movie allows you to experience the historical journey guided by those who were there.


Proudly celebrate your Sign of the Zodiac with our custom made Constellation Zodiac rocks or DOF barware glasses. Your birth sign says a lot about you and your personality according to the stars and those who believe that one’s birthday can effect your personality.
Each constellation design features deeply engraved stars arranged in the shape of the coordinating zodiac sign with the sign in vintage typewriter font incorporated into the design.
See the samples in the attached thumbnail image to see how your birthday zodiac constellation will look on an engraved rocks or double old fashioned glass. Choose from the following astrological signs: Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces.
Not sure which sign is yours? Find your birthdate and see below!
Aries: March 21 – April 19
Taurus: April 20 – May 20
Gemini: May 21 – June 20
Cancer: June 21 – July 22
Leo: July 23 – August 22
Virgo: August 23 – September 22
Libra: September 23 – October 22
Scorpio: October 23 – November 21
Sagittarius: November 22 – December 21
Capricorn: December 22 – January 19
Aquarius: January 20 – February 18
Pisces: February 19 – March 20
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Stream episodes on demand from www.bitesz.com/spacetime (mobile friendly)
*First evidence of Quantum fluctuations in deep space Evidence of a strange quantum effect first predicted in the 1930 may have been detected by astronomers studying the light emitted from an extraordinarily dense and strongly magnetised neutron star The polarisation of the observed light suggests that the empty space around the neutron star is subject to a quantum effect known as vacuum birefringence.
*Out of control Chinese space station about to crash back to Earth China has confirmed that its Tiangong-1 orbiting space lab is out of control and likely to re-enter the Earth's atmosphere at any moment. Beijing says the eight and a half tone orbiting outpost is expected to re-enter the atmosphere between now and April next year -- depending on orbital decay rates.
*Back to the Moon US Vice President Mike Pence has called on NASA to return humans to the Moon. The call comes in the wake of Russia’s announcement that it will join the United States in building the new Deep Space Gateway space station which will be positioned in near lunar space.
*How a cold frozen Mars could have carved the planet’s warm wet features Scientists say periodic melting of ice sheets on a cold early Mars would have created enough water to carve the ancient valleys and lakebeds seen on the surface of the red planet today. Water-carved valleys and lakebeds leave little doubt that water once flowed on the surface.
*The first detailed spectra of antimatter hydrogen Scientists with the ALPHA Collaboration have successfully obtained the first detailed spectrum of the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen. The findings reported in the journal Nature show that the spectral lines of antihydrogen match those of normal hydrogen.
*Sentinel-5P launch The European Space Agency’s new Sentinel 5P Earth observation satellite has successfully blasted into orbit aboard a Russian Rockot rocket from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome north of Moscow. The Russian Rockot is a converted SS19 three stage liquid fuelled Intercontinental ballistic missile -- with the NATO code name Stiletto.
*Russia launches Progress cargo ship to space station A Russian Soyuz rocket has launched the Progress MS-07 cargo ship carrying 2.7 tonnes of supplies bound for the International Space Station. The mission blasted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Central Asian republic of Kazakhstan
*The Science Report
People who binge eat are more likely to obsess and ruminate on angry thoughts.
Climate change will increase the frequency and intensity of thunderstorms.
Men are more likely to die if they receive blood transfusions from women who have been pregnant.
Volcanic eruptions linked to the downfall of one of Ancient Egypt's most famous dynasties.
The genetic link between prehistoric sabre toothed cats and your average house kittycat.
Australian Skeptics on marriage equality
The video for the Russian Progress launch is at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ksy0Ntt_LUE
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The Astronomy, Space, Technology & Science News Podcast.


Even though the comet was never visible with the naked eye i still followed the exciting news being covered by the media, i have a fond recollection of sitting in my a 3rd magnitude comet in a dark sky would be a respectable enough sight for astronomers however a comet with this brightness close to the sun in a twilight. Here is your guide to the sky for may 22 to 28, 2017 – a week with a bounty of celestial sights sun – earth – moon sunrise this week is 4:57 am and sunset at 8:08 pm and we are only about a month away from the summer solstice, but what about twilight astronomers, sailors, and civil governments. Original report, 10:08 pm saturday: getting multiple messages about a sight in the sky over west seattle in the past 15 minutes or so – jill jon july 29 , 2017 (11:05 pm) not like anything i'd ever seen in the sky before so great what a sight i think i'm remembering comet hale-bopp.
An influential modern reading of william dyce's pegwell bay, kent – a recollection of october 5th 1858 1858–60 (tate n01407) is that it is fundamentally about time one artist who was particularly interested in the night sky was samuel palmer, and he painted a watercolour of a landscape with donati's comet in the sky. Astronomers also found the comet a memorable sight william henry smyth, comparing his recollections of the great comet of 1811 to the spectacular donati's comet, stated that as a mere sight-object, the branched tail was of greater interest, the nucleus with its 'head-veil' was more distinct, and its circumpolarity was a.
Halley's comet won't appear in the night skies until 2061 but this week, look to the skies as our planet passes through the comet's tail for a glimpse at the annual eta aquarid meteor shower the meteor shower gets its name from eta aquarii, a star in the aquarius constellation from which it appears to. Sky, made a great visual impact and inspired several pictorial (paintings, watercolours, sketches) and perihelion on september 30th, the comet became a truly impressive sight by the first days of october haven, ct) or for the painting pegwell bay: a recollection of 5th october 1858 by william dyce. Astronomycom is for anyone who wants to learn more about astronomy events, cosmology, planets, galaxies, asteroids, astrophotography, the big bang, black holes, comets, constellations, eclipses, exoplanets, nebulae, meteors, quasars, observing, telescopes, nasa, hubble, space missions, stargazing, and more.
There will be a lot going on in the night sky, including a pass by the green comet 45p/honda-mrkos-pajdušáková. This meant the comet remained more distant to us than the sun so it's spectacle was very much diminished to what it could have been had it arrived at perihelion between 2-4 months earlier it would have become an immense object in the night sky as it was it was still obvious to the naked eye from the city and quite.
Generally, comets are named after their discoverers some amateurs are driven souls, diligently sweeping the skies for their fleeting piece of immortality my own grandmother, edith jandreau, vividly remembers seeing the daylight comet from northern maine as a young girl, and the sight had a great.
Comets are a wondrous sight for amateur astronomers as one approaches it often reveals a tail, slowly unfurling a long ghostly banner of light often marked by a distinct greenish-blue haze, they are not to be missed hale-bopp was a splendid sight during 1996, when multiple jets spewed dust and gas from its nucleus. Click here to find out the moon's setting time in your sky, remembering to check the moonrise and moonset box as is standard for most meteor showers, the best time to watch this shower will be between the hours of midnight and dawn – regardless of your time zone the meteors – vaporizing bits of comet.


On Twitter this afternoon I was asked this question: RT @Calzo: “Does it ever start to get lighter at night in Central / East Thailand? Later than 6pm?”. At the moment, the sun is rising in Bangkok at 6:08 a.m. and then setting at 6:06 p.m. So, the day is about 12 hours long. As we are near the equator, we don’t get the big difference in length of day like they do in Northern European countries. For us, the difference between winter and summer days is less than an hour.
At the moment, the sun is rising slightly later each day as we go into winter. This means many of us will soon be going to work in the dark. This picture was the view from my office this morning at about 6:15 a.m. By next month it will still be dark at that time. The sun will continue rising later until the end of January when it will rise at 6:46 a.m. To answer his question as to whether it gets darker later at night, the answer is yes. But the latest that the sun will set is only at 6:50 p.m. at the end of June.


I am a data science consultant based in London, working with clients in the financial services and energy sectors. I am also an astrophysicist, previously working as a postdoctoral researcher at the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias in Spain, and as a PhD researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Germany.
My main research interest lies the relationship between
galaxies and their central supermassive black holes--
yes, today we know that most galaxies, including
our very own Milky Way, host one of these beasts at their centers.
While in general these supermassive black holes are in a dormant, quiescent
state, I focus on those few rare cases that are vigorously eating
By studying these extreme objects, better known as 'active galactic nuclei',
one can learn from the processes driving the periods
of major black hole growth, and understand how the relation between galaxy
and black hole evolves over cosmic time.
If you are interested, you can read more about it on my
research page (Warning: Science).
- 06 Feb, 2015 - My latest paper, in which we look for the first time at the redshift evolution of the bar fraction among active galaxies, has been accepted by ApJ.
- 31 Jul, 2013 - A new paper on the lack of a direct relation between stellar bars and AGN activity in nearby barred galaxies has been accepted by ApJ.
- 26 Jun, 2012 - Featured article and interview by Thomson Reuters' ScienceWatch about our 2011 paper on galaxy mergers and black hole growth.
- 23 Sep, 2011 - New paper about the relation between black hole mass and galaxy stellar mass, and its lack of evolution over the last 7 billion years.
- 05 Jan, 2011 - Press release by ESA/Hubble on our recent paper about mergers and their role in the black hole growth during the last 8 billion years!


I have never been a huge fan of treadmills, but for a lot of people that's how they run. Often you just don't have a choice either because of you're nursing an injury, or the temperature is extreme when you have time. Thinking about treadmills has got me wondering, where would be the most extreme place to use one? Antarctica? Mountain top? Well the most extreme actual place I've actually heard of, the space treadmill! Astronauts need to train a lot simply to keep muscle when they're circling the earth, so a lot of them run in Space.
The most famous treadmill that I know, is part of the International Space Station (ISS) and where it was installed in 2009. Before it was installed they had a naming contest for the node that would be part of the station. Late night comedian Steven Colbert heard about it and got his fans to help him win the contest. The node ended up being called Serenity like NASA originally wanted, but they ended up calling the treadmill - COLBERT, or the Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill. Steven Colbert seemed happy to have his name in space and I'm sure only NASA knows how many times its circled the earth by now.
Running without Gravity?
I have to say my first thought is that it would be totally amazing to be in space! But if you're up there for days, weeks, or even a year, you have to worry about the effect of zero gravity. Human beings are meant to live in gravity. How our bodies function and allows us to move around is because of gravity, so training on the treadmill is really important just to keep muscle mass and the skeleton strong. They simulate gravity by using a series of straps on the astronaut as they run and I would think after you've been floating around for a while it would be great change to have your feet on some kind of ground.
The treadmill has had a good use since it was put in space since a lot of astronauts are avid runners! Most recently, it was reported British Astronaut Tim Peake, will be running the London Marathon in space at the same time that the race goes off on Earth. It's exciting to think someone will be running that far in Space! Awesome if he finishes because he'll definitely be the first man to run a marathon in space! The problem is that just some reporters got inventive and said he would be the first person to run a marathon in space. The problem is it isn't true. The first person, was Sunita Williams from Needham, MA, who completed the Boston Marathon back in 2007 in space. She even printed out a number to put on the space treadmill as she ran. It was a cool highlight of the race that year and from everything I've heard she's kept running since then. She also appeared on the Colbert Report to talk about the space treadmill. It'd be cool to run in space and I think it would be only thing to keep me on a treadmill.


NASA RELEASES EXTRAORDINARY NEW PHOTO OF MILKY WAY'S BUSTLING COSMIC 'DOWNTOWN'
Epoch Times Staff : Jun 4, 2021 eFree News
[Efreenews.com] NASA has released a stunning new picture of our galaxy's violent, super-energized "downtown." It's a composite of 370 observations over the past two decades by the orbiting Chandra X-ray Observatory, depicting billions of stars and countless black holes in the center, or heart, of the Milky Way. A radio telescope in South Africa also contributed to the image, for contrast... Click here to read. (Image source: NASA.gov)


We played ...
- collecting wood, lighting the fire and keeping the fire going
- with flashing, light up toys
- catching bugs
- and the grown ups tested out an iPhone app for finding constellations and other objects in the night sky. I downloaded a couple of free apps and our favourite was SkyView Free (but the Southern Cross was not listed as a constellation, so if you can recommend a more southern sky friendly app, please leave a comment). This is a fun way to learn more about the night sky.
It was very exciting and difficult to sleep and then, after a little sleep in the tent it was all a bit too scary and inside seemed better. Past experience has taught us that there is good reason to have a practise camp out in in the backyard before going away from home!
If you want some tips on how to have a successful camping trip (away from home) with the kids, here is a list of some helpful resources.
This post is part of Childhood 101’s We Play link up. Head over and see more great play ideas.


Blue origin has joined the race to win the contract to build NASA’s next human lunar landing system to transport humans to the moon in the coming decade. Blue origin has recently competed for productive government contracts and now is competing with other famous rivals like Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Leidos Holding’s Dynetics. Both companies won development contracts from NASA in April.
It seems Jeff Bezos is going to take one giant leap for womanhood.
Amazon tycoon claims his space-exploration based company will take the first women to the moon as the firm vies for NASA contract.
The billionaire Amazon tycoon made the declaration on an Instagram post alongside a video from the test of the BE-7 engine that will be used to power the lunar lander, it has gone through 21 minutes of testing. This project is under development for NASA’S program named Artemis, which targets to take humans to the moon by 2024.
“This is the engine that will take the first woman to the surface of the Moon,” Bezos wrote in the Friday post following the engine test at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.
The company is also planning to develop a rocket that will take human tourists into space.


Get ready for the future!
While hard details on the initiative are thin on the ground right now, it’s a serious plan, following the UAE’s existing commitment to launch its ‘Hope’ space probe in 2020, to orbit and study the Red Planet until at least 2023.
Obviously, Mars 2117 is a much more ambitious project, and while the primary focus of the plan, for now, is to invest in and develop science education infrastructure in the UAE, those behind the plan have also unveiled their vision of what their Mars colony might one day look like.
“The city is roughly the size of Chicago. It has a population of 600,000,” the manager of the scientific and research committee at the World Government Summit, Saeed Al Gergawi, told CNBC.
“We came up with that number because it’s like someone going to an exotic island. Not everyone can go first, then we get the advancement of rocket tech, which makes people move there easily, then the advancement of oxygen tech to make it more Earth-like, which would incentivise people.”
While Mars 2117 still has a lot of fine details to figure out – they have a century to work on it, after all – the long-term delivery of the UAE plan may actually be a heck of a lot more realistic than other dreams we’ve been sold of getting to the Red Planet.
Elon Musk made a lot on headlines when he teased his own pitch for Mars exploration last year, suggesting that SpaceX’s Interplanetary Transport System (ITS) could begin flights to the Red Planet as soon as 2023.
But while we love Musk’s vision, critics say SpaceX doesn’t have the funds to deliver.
“It’s unlikely that [Musk] will be able to get humans to Mars by 2025,” former director of the Space Policy Institute at George Washington University John Logsdon told the AFP in September.
“Bottom line is the cost. You’re talking about tens of billions of dollars, and SpaceX doesn’t have that type of money.”
Another high-profile Mars venture called Mars One has said it will get colonists to the Red Planet by 2032. But many have argued that the organization lacks the funding, manpower, and expertise to pull off the feat.
So if private companies can’t afford the level of investment that an ongoing Mars colonization might entail, the best bet might still be governmental space agencies.
For its part, NASA says that its next-generation rocket – the Space Launch System (SLS) – has what it takes to get humans to Mars, but the mission has been hamstrung by funding issues since first announced in 2004.
Hopefully, that could all be about to change, with then-President Obama in October 2016 pledging that NASA would reach Mars by the 2030s – a prospect that could be even more likely now, given NASA is looking into accelerating the process of getting astronauts into space on board the SLS.
That could be our best bet of getting boots on the ground on the Red Planet in the near term, but as for a long-lasting colony? Mars 2117 just might be it.


Check out these beautiful solar and lunar clocks
By Virginia Gurley | Aug 28, 2012
If you’re into science, the research revealing the inner workings of circadian rhythms is pretty fascinating. But intriguing as this science is, it’s not the same as directly experiencing in-the-moment attunement with solar time. It’s that direct experience of being in sync with the sun that awakens awareness of how powerful and fundamental the sun cycle is for our wellbeing and health.
Thanks to the good work of Yale and Jackie at Better Tymes Project, you can get a beautiful visual sync-up with your local solar and lunar time using their cool (free) screensaver, TrueTyme. I find myself drawn to checking in with the TrueTyme screensaver every few hours throughout the day and evening. It’s hard to put into words why this visualization of solar time is so alluring – it feels like a positive addiction.
Because I’m an iPhone user, I haven’t been able to check out their Android application, but I’m hoping that will change soon. Better Tymes Project is in the process of crowdsourcing funds so they can port True Tyme to the iOS platform. Please join AuraViva to support Better Tymes Project bringing their wonderful approach to visualizing sun and moon time to iPhone users everywhere!


From the Galaxy of “Vinylmation Vault” this week we will gaze upon the Urban Series 2 Cosmos 3″. The Urban Series 2 was released on Friday July 24th 2009 and was created by Quynh Kimball and is currently selling on eBay from anywhere between $7.50 & $15.00. Urban Series 2 featured the old Mickey Mold, which I love for vinylmations like this, and included an “Artist Card”.
There are approximately 64 stars on the head, 32 stars on the arms, 65 stars on the body and 29 stars on the feet for a grand total of 190 stars. Now that’s a worthless tidbit of information but it was fun to count them all! Now having is nice and all but there is one thing that the stars can do that really makes this Vinylmation so amazing and is that they glow in the dark! I only found this out one night when I shut off the light in out guest bedroom and noticed that a few of the vinylmations including this one were glowing! What a creative idea that was. Also somewhere on this vinyl there is a Hidden Mickey I wont give it away but I will leave a picture of it at the end of the article. On a side note I did find several more vinyls glowing that night but let’s save that for another day.
Another cool thing to look at are the planets located on the front and back of the vinyl. Now to be honest I am not exactly sure which planet is which. The ones on the front starting top down my best guess is planet Earth and below it could either be Jupiter or Mars, though it would be too big but it would work if you were considering the planets to be in the same order as our solar system. On the back we can continue on the body with the bottom one being Jupiter, Saturn (the one with the rings) then finally (no chuckling like you did in school) Uranus. But I really don’t think these are truly planets in a specific order of the solar system and are just an artistic view of generic planets.
Finally I must admit I don’t collect the Urban Series in their entirety any more but the Urban 2 Cosmos Vinylmation is such a great piece regardless and I am proud to have it included in my collection and on display.
I would love to hear your thoughts on how many stars you counted and what your thoughts are on the planets names? Well that wraps up this weeks Vinylmation Vault this week and as always please leave a comment on this or any other vinyl that you would love to see featured. Till then Happy Collecting!
Location of the hidden Mickey is just above the bottom Planet. There are tons of hidden Mickeys on the vinylmations so take a look and see what you find!
ChasingVinylmation.com & Flickr user Sam Howzit


Bring with you the night's beautiful stars and glowing moon wherever you go with the Night Sky Choker Necklace. Its handcrafted star and moon pendants certainly give you a unique look, especially when wearing it with a casual outfit. Look classy with this limited edition necklace!
- Adjustable Length: 14.5" - 16.5" or 37 cm - 42 cm
- Handcrafted Star and Moon Pendants
- High-Quality Adjustable Link Chain
The Night Sky Choker Necklace's adjustable chain makes sure you get the most comfortable fit. Get one now and step up your fashion with this beautiful necklace!


On 16th to 18th January, Malaysian astrophysicists and astronomy educators based both locally and around the world came together for the Global Malaysian Astronomers Convention 2023 (GMAC2023), to discuss and explore ways to contribute to the growth of astronomy research and STEM education in Malaysia.
The community of Malaysian scientists working in astronomy and astrophysics has grown significantly. Many are members of large international collaborations and based in prestigious international organizations, such as NASA, Princeton University, Oxford University, the Max Planck Institutes in Germany, the University of Tokyo, as well as in the top local Universities, including Universiti Malaya, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, among others.
“Through this program, we celebrate the many achievements and scientific discoveries of Malaysian astronomers here in Malaysia and around the globe. More importantly, together with Malaysians of all ethnic, religious, and socio-economic backgrounds, we want to celebrate our diversity through a shared passion for space and astronomy,” explains Dr. Nurul Shazana, Associate Professor at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, and one of the GMAC2023 organizing committee members.
GMAC2023 was held from 16th to 18th January 2023 at Pusat Sains Negara, Kuala Lumpur. In addition to the main academic conference, there were public events and roadshows in Johor, Penang, Sabah, and Kuala Lumpur, through which the professional astronomers gave public talks, and interacted with young aspiring astronomers, students and the general public.
One main outcome of the convention, was the resolution to form a task force responsible for drafting a roadmap for the development of astronomy research and education in Malaysia for the next 5 to 10 years. Other expected outcomes include the curation of a publicly available Malaysian astronomers directory, the development of online learning materials, and the formation of a national astronomical society or center, that would be the focal point of astronomical research and education in the country.
GMAC2023 was sponsored by YTL Foundation, FrogAsia, and Autocity Penang. “As a part of this exciting partnership, we will assemble an expert panel of Malaysian astronomers to develop astronomy learning modules for FrogAsia’s online learning platform, targeted at primary and secondary school students, which will be available freely. We hope that astronomy can inspire the younger generation to have a curious mind and explore the wonderful world of science.” says Yuan-Sen Ting, a Malaysian Associate Professor based at the Australian National University, and chair of the GMAC2023 scientific organizing committee.
Additionally, the GMAC2023 organizers teamed up with Science Cafe KL to host four virtual talks and Q&A sessions with Malaysian astronomers working in the US, Europe, and Australia. The topics discussed ranged from using artificial intelligence to search for extraterrestrial intelligence to studying distant galaxies using telescopes in the French Alps. These online sessions have now amassed close to 13,000 views in total.
“GMAC2023 was a much-awaited major astronomy event and a dream come true for many astronomy enthusiasts in Malaysia! We planned GMAC for 2020 but had to postpone it due to the pandemic.” says Rubina Rubeca Visuvanathan, who is currently pursuing a Master of Science in Astrophysics at Cardiff University, Wales, and one of the coordinators of the GMAC2023 Publicity team.
“Not many people are aware that there are actually about 25 lecturers across 11 universities in Malaysia who are either active in astrophysics research or astronomy education. This was my first chance to meet all of them in one place, and I can't wait to see how we can collaborate to further develop astronomy in Malaysia," says Dr. John Soo, an astronomy lecturer from Universiti Sains Malaysia, who is also the coordinator for the GMAC2023 Penang roadshow.


Van Dieman's Aurora Australis - Bottled Ink
This fountain pen ink is part of Van Dieman's Night Range. It is a high saturated purple/pink ink with a bright green sheen.
This inspiration for this ink comes from the Aurora Australis also know as the Southern Lights, the southern counterpart to the Northern Lights.
Your ink will arrive boxed in a 50ml glass bottle.
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Earth shattering news....it's not flat..!
Well, so much for the idea that it was.
Yes, folks; unsurprisingly, Mike Hughes' plan to prove the earth is flat ended, it's safe to say, more with a whimper than a bang. There has been no sign of him taking to the skies since he 'postponed' his launch a week ago due to health & safety fears.
I've a feeling that was Mike's fifteen minutes of fame right there.
Oh, well, never mind...pass the potatoes, gran.
A thought to end on, though.
There was a documentary on the BBC last week, part of BBC4's Storyville series. Its subject: how the twin Voyager space probes defied all the odds and how, after almost 40 years since they were launched, they continue to beam information across unimaginable distances.
One segment towards the end really did cause the breath to catch in the throat. It showed Carl Sagan, the American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist and astrobiologist, presenting to an audience a photograph taken on February 14, 1990, by the Voyager 1 space probe from a record distance of about 6 billion kilometers (3.7 billion miles) from where I'm sitting at my keyboard.
Caught among bands of sunlight scattered by the camera's optics there is a small blue dot.
Here is what Sagan said at the time:
Mike, eat your heart out....


The Martian by Andy Weir
Karen’s Goodreads rating: 5 of 5 stars
This is what word problems should look like!!!
Written in the not too distant future. One where NASA has made enough scientific head way to land a team of astronauts on Mars, but not so distant that all the politics, international relations, and publicity look too different than what happens currently.
Though the main story is about Mark Watney who has the honor of being one of the first humans to walk on Mars and the misfortune to be the first stranded. The main plot is about his survival which is relayed with diary entries to his computer. The calculations he makes in order to give himself a shot at being rescued are what make this read much more than Science Fiction. The author clearly knows his physics and even if he doesn’t the average lay person will never know because he lays them out in such a way that they advance the story as well as give a plausible explanation as to how Mark will survive. Add to that many badly planned items, miscalculations, and just simple bad luck – the plot has enough ‘will he or won’t he’ scenarios to keep the reader wondering right up to the end.
This is so tightly constructed and well thought out that a movie is due in November starring Matt Damon. Not bad for debut fiction.
Perfectly suited to readers 12 and up. Only caution is some expletive language – probably nothing they haven’t already heard. And bonus for parents – guaranteed to spark and interest in engineering.


It is Einstein’s famous equation E=MC^2, in which E is energy (rajas), M is mass (tamas), and C is the speed of light (sattva). Energy, mass, and light are endlessly bound together in the universe.— B.K.S. Iyengar
Sometimes I find that we need to be reminded of the vastness of the universe and that of our own. No matter what has been placed on your path, try to remember that it’s always something bigger in that moment and bigger than that moment.


Y'Deio (HD 69830), primary satellite of III
none (satellite of HD 69830 D)
approx. 0.875 G
0.9 atm [N2, CO2, 02]
Postindusrtial capitalism/Religious hegemony client
Native Tier 4/Adopted Tier 2
|Current Threat To Array:||
Negligible to Mild
Eayn is the Kig-Yar homeworld and is a satellite orbiting the planet Chu'ot.
The gravity is about 0.875 G's, making the inhabitants lighter on Eayn than on Earth . This is surprising, considering how swiftly Jackals can move on Earth. Eayn's atmosphere is composed of oxygen, nitrogen, and Carbon dioxide (Rather similar to Earth). It contains a surface temperature ranging from -18°C to 45°C (-0.4F to 113F). It could be supposed that the planet is extremely similar to Earth.
The planet lies within the inner region of the system's massive asteroid belt. The world's surface is characterized by a single large ocean, sparse volcanic activity and an almost total lack of glacification. The vegetation appears similar to that seen in tropical rain forests on Earth. About one third of the Kig-Yar population in the Y'Deio system called the satellite their home. The remaining Jackals chose to set up colonies within the asteroid belt even before their discovery by the Covenant, which helped defend their system due to the difficulties of traveling between asteroids with rather large ships.