If intermediate mass black holes do form the hearts of dwarf galaxies, and if dwarf galaxies frequently merge with one another and with larger galaxies, then there could be many dark, punted hearts floating on the peripheries of large galaxies just like hlx-1. This is the phenomenon seen in radio galaxies and quasars much of the time, however, supermassive black holes are not actively devouring anything, so they are in a quiet state, perez-torres explained. The monster black hole at the center of our galaxy is shooting out spitballs the size of planets—and one may be sprinting through space several hundred light-years away from earth.
The process of how a black hole devours gas and dust is complex, and the activity is often intermittent in fact, in just the last year astronomers have discovered changing look quasars that. There is a supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy sagittarius a, the supermassive black hole at the centre of the milky way, is more than four million times more massive than our sun credit: ap scientists believe there is be a supermassive black hole at the centre of nearly every galaxy - including our own. The phenomenon is known as the supernova this is an excerpt from my article stellar evolution describing a supernova supernova -: stars with more than 10 times the mass of sun explode as a supernova after its fuel supply is degraded forming a. According to nasa, the black hole is 10 times more massive to the sun nearby is a blue supergiant star that is about 20 times more massive than the sun, which is bleeding due to the black hole.
This artist's impression depicts the accretion disc surrounding a black hole, in which the inner region of the disc precesses precession means that the orbit of material surrounding the black. A black hole with a mass equal to that of the sun would have a radius of 3 kilometers so a typical 10-solar-mass black hole would have a radius of 30 kilometers, and a million-solar-mass black hole at the center of a galaxy would have a radius of 3 million kilometers. Elliptical galaxies have central supermassive black holes, and the masses of these black holes correlate with the galaxy's mass elliptical galaxies have two main stages of evolution the first is due to the supermassive black hole growing by accreting cooling gas. In this way, astronomers have identified numerous stellar black hole candidates in binary systems, and established that the radio source known as sagittarius a, at the core of our own milky way galaxy, contains a supermassive black hole of about 43 million solar masses.
When those supermassive black holes are actively drawing in material from their surroundings, that material forms a rotating disk around the black hole, and super-fast jets of particles are launched outward this is the phenomenon seen in radio galaxies and quasars. The small galaxy ngc 1277 is home to a colossal supermassive black hole and is embedded in the nearby perseus galaxy cluster, at a distance of 250 million light-years from earth ngc1277 is the. At the core of one of the galaxies, a black hole 20 million times more massive than the sun shredded a star more than twice the sun's mass, setting off a chain of events that revealed important details of the violent encounter. Or, alternatively, groups of stars called globular clusters can spin into the galaxy's center, where they're ripped into the building blocks of new stars by the supermassive black hole.
The relationship between black holes and galaxies l ike discovering a neighborhood house assumed to be vacant is actually inhabited, over the past decade researchers realized that most galaxies have at least one black hole in residence in their central regions. Particles and energy can be transferred, but only from the disk to the black hole, never from the hole to the disk harlow shapley determined the position of the sun in the galaxy by measuring the distances to 93 globular clusters of stars. But unlike its numerous companions, ngc 4696 is in the unique position of being both consumed and dispersed by a supermassive black hole at its heart for starters, ngc 4696 is the brightest galaxy in the whole centaurus cluster , which means it's among the brightest star systems we know about.
The physical surface of the black hole the point in time when a black hole comes into being the surface where light becomes trapped in a circular orbit around the black hole. Describing the galaxies and the phenomenon of the black hole 759 words 2 pages the mystery surrounding the black hole phenomenon 1,454 words 3 pages. Hubble also managed not only to observe the jets created by black holes but also the glowing discs of material surrounding a supermassive black hole furthermore, it appears that larger galaxies are the hosts of larger black holes there must be some mechanism that links the formation of the galaxy to that of its black hole and vice versa this has profound implications for theories of galaxy formation and evolution and is an ongoing area of research in astronomy.
When you describe this phenomenon as a black hole you actually are describing only the empty space but if you describe it the piercing star, then you are describing the matter of star condensed in singularity and the hole of empty space caused by this matter. I am convinced that hubble over the next ten years will find that black holes play a much more important role in the formation and evolution of galaxies than we believe today.
Ngc 1097 is an example of a seyfert galaxy a supermassive black hole with a mass of 100 million solar masses lies at the center of the galaxy the area around the black hole emits large amounts of radiation from the matter falling into the black hole. For galaxies with large black holes, the surrounding matter is in orbit around the black hole(s), the same way that the moon orbits the earth the question is a direct analogy to why doesn't the moon fall to the ground or why don't the planets fall into the sun. The galaxies with bigger black holes experienced more intense rates of star formation in the beginning, during the early universe, than did the ones with smaller black holes. The discovery of pulsars supported this theory and, shortly thereafter, physicist john wheeler coined the term black hole for the phenomenon in a december 29, 1967 lecture subsequent work has included the discovery of hawking radiation , in which black holes can emit radiation.


This was a class I took at the ANG seminar in Milwaukee several years ago. I loved the colors of the piece, but Ro Pace (the designer) had intended it to be stitched on a cream canvas with gold flecks.
My husband is an amateur astronomer and I knew that it couldn’t be stitched on anything but black. When was the last time you saw a picture of a solar flare with anything but the black depths of the universe behind it?
I think Ro thought I was nuts to do it on black, but I love the way it came out.


The Aurora Southern Lights earrings by Georgini are inspired by the amazement that is the Aurora Australis. The shooting stars that light up the night and sparkle along side the wonderment of a perfect sky are captured in this unique collection. Crafted in 18ct Rose Gold plated 925 Sterling Silver these earrings feature a 8mm x 6mm stunning oval cubic zirconia and four 1.25 mm cubic zirconia shooting stars.
Delivery & Returns
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by Elizabeth Howell, SPACE.com Contributor
Date: 11 January 2013 Time: 01:44 PM ET
This artist's Impression depicts the view from a moon around newly found planet PH2 b.
CREDIT: Haven Giguere
Forty volunteers with the crowd-sourcing Planet Hunters project discovered the new planet candidates, which include 15 potentially habitable worlds and PH2 b, a Jupiter-size planet that the team confirmed to be in the habitable zone of its parent star.
This is the second time Planet Hunters project, which is overseen by Zooniverse, has confirmed a new exoplanet discovery. What's more, several candidate planets found by the project may be in the habitable zones of their parent stars. These candidates are awaiting confirmation by professional astronomers.
More - Link >>> http://www.space.com/19233-amateurs-discover-alien-planets.html
Source: Space.com .
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NASA will provide coverage of the upcoming prelaunch and launch activities for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Joint Polar Satellite System-2 (JPSS-2) mission. JPSS-2 is the third satellite in the polar satellite series and is expected to capture data to improve weather forecasts, helping scientists predict and prepare for extreme weather events and climate change.
JPSS-2 is scheduled to launch at 5:25 a.m. EDT (2:25 a.m. PDT) Tuesday, Nov. 1, on a United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas V 401 rocket from Space Launch Complex 3 at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.
Live launch coverage will begin at 4:45 a.m. EDT (1:45 a.m. PDT) on NASA Television, the NASA app, and the agency’s website, with prelaunch and science briefings beginning Friday, Oct. 28. Watch coverage on the agency’s website at:
JPSS represents significant technological and scientific advancements in observations used for severe weather prediction and environmental monitoring. These data are critical to the timeliness and accuracy of forecasts three to seven days in advance of a severe weather event. It will scan Earth as it orbits from the North Pole to the South Pole, crossing the equator 14 times a day to provide full global coverage twice a day.
NASA and NOAA partner in the development, launch, testing, and operation of all satellites in the JPSS series.
Launching with JPSS-2 is NASA’s Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator (LOFTID) technology demonstration. After JPSS-2 safely reaches orbit, LOFTID will follow a re-entry trajectory from low-Earth orbit to demonstrate the inflatable heat shield’s ability to slow down and survive re-entry. LOFTID is a partnership with ULA and is dedicated to the memory of Bernard Kutter, one of the company’s engineers who played a key role in developing the technology. LOFTID will demonstrate how the inflatable aeroshell, or heat shield, can slow down and survive re-entry in conditions relevant to many potential applications, whether landing humans on Mars, new missions to Venus and Titan, or returning heavier payloads and samples from low-Earth orbit.
Full mission coverage is as follows:
Friday, Oct. 28
6 p.m. EDT (3 p.m. PDT) – JPSS-2 Prelaunch News Conference on TV with the following participants:
- Tim Walsh, director, NOAA’s JPSS Program Office, NOAA
- John Gagosian, director, NASA’s Joint Agency Satellite Division
- Irene Parker, deputy assistant administrator, NOAA Systems, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Services
- Omar Baez, launch director, NASA’s Launch Services Program
- Gary Wentz, vice president, Government and Commercial Programs, ULA
- Jim Reuter, associate administrator for NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate
- Capt. Zack Zounes, launch weather officer, U.S. Space Force
Accredited news media planning to attend the briefing should confirm their participation with Tech Sgt. Patrick Harrower, 30th Space Wing public affairs officer, at: email@example.com no later than 9 a.m. PDT Friday, Oct. 28.
Media may request the dial-in number and passcode by contacting the newsroom at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida no later than 2 p.m. PDT Friday, Oct. 28, at: firstname.lastname@example.org. Media and the public also may ask questions during the event using #JPSS2 and #LOFTID.
Saturday, Oct. 29
4 p.m. EDT (1 p.m. PDT) – JPSS-2 Science Briefing on NASA TV with the following participants:
- Jordan Gerth, meteorologist and satellite scientist, NOAA’s National Weather Service
- Jim Gleason, senior project scientist, NASA JPSS
- Satya Kalluri, program scientist, NOAA JPSS Program
- Heather Kilcoyne, ground project manager, NOAA JPSS
- Joe Del Corso, LOFTID project manager, NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia
Accredited news media planning to attend the briefing should confirm their participation with Tech Sgt. Patrick Harrower, 30th Space Wing public affairs officer, at: email@example.com no later than 9 a.m. PDT Oct. 28.
Media may request the dial-in number and passcode by contacting the Kennedy newsroom no later than 2 p.m. PDT Friday, Oct. 28, at: firstname.lastname@example.org. Media and the public also may ask questions during the event using #JPSS2 and #LOFTID.
Tuesday, Nov. 1
NASA TV Launch Coverage
NASA TV live coverage will begin at 4:45 a.m. EDT (1:45 a.m. PDT) Tuesday, Nov. 1. For NASA TV downlink information, schedules, and links to streaming video, visit:
Audio only of the news conferences and launch coverage will be carried on the NASA “V” circuits, which may be accessed by dialing 321-867-1220, -1240, or 7135. On launch day, “mission audio,” countdown activities without NASA TV launch commentary, will be carried on 321-867-7135. A “tech feed” of the launch without NASA TV commentary will be carried on the NASA TV media channel.
Follow countdown coverage on the JPSS-2 launch blog at:
Members of the public can register to attend the JPSS-2 launch virtually. The virtual guest program for this mission includes curated launch resources, notifications about related opportunities or changes, and a stamp for the virtual guest passport following a successful launch.
JPSS-2 Virtual Social
As we finalize launch preparations, we are excited to invite the public to join our virtual social media event hosted on Facebook.com/NASA beginning Wednesday, Oct. 26. Stay up to date on the latest mission activities, interact with NASA, NOAA, and other team members in real-time, and watch the launch of the ULA Atlas V rocket that will boost JPSS-2 for its journey into orbit. Join the conversation on Twitter and Instagram with the hashtags #JPSS2 and #LOFTID.
For media interested in setting up virtual interviews with members of the JPSS-2 or LOFTID teams during launch week, please reach out to Michelle Birdsall at: email@example.com for JPSS-2 or to Kristyn Damadeo at: firstname.lastname@example.org and Sarah Frazier at: email@example.com for LOFTID.
Watch, Engage Online
Stay connected with the mission on social media, and let people know you’re following it on Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram using the hashtags #JPSS2 and #LOFTID. Also follow online at:
For more information about the launch of JPSS-2, visit:


This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (November 2017)
Direct insolation is the insolation measured at a given location on Earth with a surface element perpendicular to the Sun's rays, excluding diffuse insolation (the solar radiation that is scattered or reflected by atmospheric components in the sky). Direct insolation is equal to the solar irradiance above the atmosphere minus the atmospheric losses due to absorption and scattering. While the solar irradiance above the atmosphere varies with the Earth–Sun distance and solar cycles, the losses depend on the time of day (length of light's path through the atmosphere depending on the solar elevation angle), cloud cover, humidity, and other impurities.
A simple formula gives the approximate level of direct insolation when there are no clouds:
where AM is the airmass given by
with θ being the zenith angle (90° minus the altitude) of the sun.
For the sun at the zenith, this gives 947 W/m2. However, another source states that direct sunlight under these conditions, with 1367 W/m2 above the atmosphere, is about 1050 W/m2, and total insolation about 1120 W/m2.
Average direct insolation
For practical purposes, a time-average of the direct insolation over the course of the year is commonly used. This averaging takes into account the absence of sunlight during the night, increased scatter in the morning and evening hours, average effects of cloud cover and smog, as well as seasonal variations of the mid-day solar elevation.
Units of measurement
Direct insolation is measured in (W/m2) or kilowatt-hours per square meter per day (kW·h/(m2·day)).
- 1 kW·h/(m2·day) = 1,000 W · 1 hour / ( 1 m2 · 24 hours) = 41.67 W/m2
In the case of photovoltaics, average direct insolation is commonly measured in terms of peak direct insolation as kWh/(kWp·y) (kilowatt hours per year per kilowatt peak rating)
Since radiation directly from the sun can be focussed with mirrors and lens, it can be applied to concentrated solar thermal (CST) systems. Due to clouds and aerosols, the direct insolation can fluctuate throughout the day, so forecasting the available resource is important in these applications
- "Calculation of Solar Insolation". PVEducation.org. Archived from the original on January 29, 2016.
- "Introduction to Solar Radiation". Newport Corporation. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013.
- Boerema, Nicholas; Morrison, Graham; Taylor, Robert; Rosengarten, Gary (2013-11-01). "High temperature solar thermal central-receiver billboard design". Solar Energy. 97: 356–368. Bibcode:2013SoEn...97..356B. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2013.09.008.
- Boerema, Nicholas; Taylor, Robert A.; Morrison, Graham; Rosengarten, Gary (2015-09-01). "Solid–liquid phase change modelling of metallic sodium for application in solar thermal power plants". Solar Energy. 119: 151–158. Bibcode:2015SoEn..119..151B. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2015.06.024.
- Boerema, Nicholas; Morrison, Graham; Taylor, Robert; Rosengarten, Gary (2012-09-01). "Liquid sodium versus Hitec as a heat transfer fluid in solar thermal central receiver systems". Solar Energy. 86 (9): 2293–2305. Bibcode:2012SoEn...86.2293B. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2012.05.001.
- Law, Edward W.; Kay, Merlinde; Taylor, Robert A. (2016-02-01). "Calculating the financial value of a concentrated solar thermal plant operated using direct normal irradiance forecasts". Solar Energy. 125: 267–281. Bibcode:2016SoEn..125..267L. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2015.12.031.
- Law, Edward W.; Prasad, Abhnil A.; Kay, Merlinde; Taylor, Robert A. (2014-10-01). "Direct normal irradiance forecasting and its application to concentrated solar thermal output forecasting – A review". Solar Energy. 108: 287–307. Bibcode:2014SoEn..108..287L. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2014.07.008.


In the universe, we are so infinitesimal, and that realization is so scary and so beautiful. We’re on this little ball of dirt and water, and we live rich, complex lives, as the vastness of cold, dark space surrounds us. Our problems on Earth feel so insurmountable, and yet they’re nothing compared to the void above. We look up at the sky, and feel wonder, fear, freedom, and despair. With his space-set dramatic thriller Gravity, writer-director Alfonso Cuarón has conjured these emotions in one of the most immersive films I’ve ever seen. Through Cuarón’s movie, we see not only the fearsomeness of space and the awe of our planet, but all of the dazzling effects, breathtaking action, and electric thrills are in service to a sad, moving tale of being trapped by hopelessness and fighting to endure.


In a stunning piece of astronomical news, the planet Sol III — better known as “Earth” — has been completely obliterated. In connection with this sudden catastrophe, authorities have questioned a resident of neighboring planet Sol IV (Mars), who is known to have made threats against Earth in the past. This questioning is thought by many to be a formality, as most sources indicate that the destruction was caused by a foolhardy group of scientists in central Europe.
Rumors of the dangers inherent in the scientists’ project, known as the Large Hadron Collider, or LHC, began to circulate over a year ago amongst the population of Earth, though such concerns were widely denigrated by reputable scientists. The projects’ repeated failures to get properly going were met with suggestions that an elementary particle, which the LHC was meant to discover, was affecting the experiment retroactively through time travel. This is highly unlikely, of course, as the Time Police detected no eddies in the space-time continuum that would provide evidence of such tampering, though it is possible that this “Higgs boson” (as it was known to earthlings) is too crafty to leave traces. In any event, the LHC did in fact start back up several Earth days ago, and evidently in spite of the infinitesimal chance of anything going seriously awry, the Earth has possibly been swallowed by a newly minted black hole.
While the diminutive Martian claims to have no culpability in the Earth’s destruction due to the theft of his Illudium Pu-36 Explosive Space Modulator, investigators are questioning him thoroughly due to troubling comments reported by a tall, big-eared earthling, which have since been confirmed by the discovery of the video seen below. Perhaps investigators believe the Martian to have staged the destruction in such a way to divert attention from himself. Attempts to reach the Martian through his K-9 secretary were unsuccessful.
Anyone with information about the destruction of Earth is asked to please leave a comment on this blog post. (Anyone who takes this article seriously could use a little assistance.)


To me one of the most compellingly beautiful things in the Universe is the death of a star. Not because of the majestic spectacle which occurs, but because that star potentially never had the opportunity to nurture life upon an orbiting chunk of habitable rock. It would never have had trillions of lifeforms relying on it, utterly dependent on it’s energy, and even worshipping it for millennia. The universe itself completely unaware of these practically insignificant events, with only us around to witness their lights burning out, and yet most will be far too distant for even our curious eyes. That is why I find the death of a star incredibly beautiful, because when you think about it, it’s profoundly tragic.


Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, "Water on the Early M Supergiant Stars α Orionis and μ Cephei", Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mu_Cephei&oldid=997422945, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 31 December 2020, at 12:33.  It is thus commonly known as Herschel's "Garnet Star". Large garnet spheres are rare. All your gravel (with garnets) is collected here. He piloted an HWK-290 light freighter, the Moldy Crow, until his sister, Neena, was killed by the Tiss'shar gunfighter Uul-Rha-Shan. The same garnets as above in their testing stage. You will be looking for garnets in the sluice after you wash all of your gravel to clean and wet it. , Mu Cephei is surrounded by a shell extending out to a distance at least equal to 0.33 times the star's radius with a temperature of 2,055±25 K. This outer shell appears to contain molecular gases such as CO, H2O, and SiO. Before that, the garnets must be tested by grinding them smooth and to a polish where the gem cutter sees the silk. Averaging the distances of nearby luminous stars with similar reddening and reliable Gaia Data Release 2 parallaxes gives a distance of 940 pc. The Idaho state gemstone. , μ Cephei was used as one of the original "dagger stars", those with well-defined spectra that could be used for the classification of other stars, for MK spectral classifications. Many different periods have been reported, but they are consistently near 860 days or 4,400 days. This website is still a work in progress, if you encounter an error please let us know at firstname.lastname@example.org. Calculation of the luminosity from a visual and infrared colour relation give 340,000 L☉ and a corresponding radius of 1,420 R☉. Dudley Stewart discovered the method of cutting the Idaho
The star effect displayed in Star garnets, as well as other stones like corundum and quartz is called 'Asterism'. and with this weight (11615 carat!, these are almost 2.5 kilos!) This Hero is the first you are introduced to in the game. Garnets were gemstones that, with diamonds and emeralds, were often set into necklaces. A post-red supergiant will produce a type IIn or type II-b supernova, while a Wolf Rayet star will produce a type Ib or Ic supernova.. Because of this it is fairly rare to find a full crystal, it's exterior will probably be damaged but if it has not been cracked and broken, then it is a full crystal. garnets to the Sacramento CA. Star Garnet - 14.15 ct Cabochon, Oval - No Certification PROPIERTIES Garnet is a powerful energizing and regenerative stone. Likewise, she has no romantic interest in Sapphir… Although it was declared the state gemstone of Idaho in 1967, many people do not know about it. The Idaho star garnet is of the almandine (aluminum containing) type. Sifting site at Emerald Creek, here you take the dirt and gravel from the stockpile and sift out the dirt and small sand. Star garnet is an unusual form of garnet. She is very unwary of irony, social ques, or how romantic relationships work, envisioning technology above all of those. You can use them to boost your troops. The cabochon cut is a smooth cut stone with a flat bottom and domed top. This type of garnet is the hardest variety of garnet at 7.5 on the mohs hardness scale. Of Possible Futures: The Tale of Zuckuss and 4-LOM Garnet on Wikipedia Almost continual records of the star's variability have been maintained since 1881. Coordinates: 21h 43m 30.46s, +58° 46′ 48.2″ Henry Highland Garnet (December 23, 1815 – February 13, 1882) was an African-American abolitionist, minister, educator and orator.Having escaped with his family as a child from slavery in Maryland, he grew up in New York City. 1 Appearance 2 Personality 3 Weapons and Abilities 3.1 Abilities 3.1.1 Healing 3.2 Weapon 4 Backstory 5 Relationships 5.1 Star Sunstone 5.2 Star Moonstone 5.3 Star Rose Quartz 5.4 Star Lemon Quartz 5.5 Star Ruby 5.6 Star Garnet 5.7 Star Diopside Star Sapphire has a cool blue skin tone. Closer to the star, this material shows a pronounced asymmetry, which may be shaped as a torus. Light that strikes the inclusions within the gem reflects off of the inclusions, creating a narrow band of light. So depending on how long ago their containing stone eroded away, the garnets may be damaged. They are putting a new road, and updating site. The deep red color of Mu Cephei was noted by William Herschel, who described it as "a very fine deep garnet colour, such as the periodical star ο Ceti". , The angular diameter of μ Cephei has been measured interferometrically. us at email@example.com, Mason: Main software develeloper/Web designer. And the great thing is that anyone can find star garnets at the Emerald Creek mining area. , A 2019 paper measurement based on the 641+148−144 pc distance gives the star a lower luminosity below 140,000 L☉ and a correspondingly lower radius of 972±228 R☉, and as well as a lower temperature of 3,551±136 K. These parameters are all consistent with those estimated for Betelgeuse. Dark green garnets are known as Russian demantoid garnets cost over $400 per carat. The Hipparcos satellite was used to measure a parallax of 0.55±0.20 mas, which corresponds to an estimated distance of 1,800 parsecs. She can get very arrogant in battle or when defending an important object. Only 1 available and it's in 1 person's cart. It is a runaway star with a peculiar velocity of 80.7±17.7 km/s, and has been described as a hypergiant. Phenomena: Asterism, Star Garnet Orientation - Stewarts Gem Shop. Sluice site at Emerald Creek, where you clean the sifted gravel and find your garnets. If health exceeds max HP, it is added as temporary HP. So it's color is dark purple or plum to red or pink, when light is shining through it. , Mu Cephei is nearing death. pioneered the Idaho star garnet
The most massive red supergiants will evolve back to blue supergiants, Luminous blue variables, or Wolf-Rayet stars before their cores collapse, and Mu Cephei appears to be massive enough for this to happen. As you can see from the diagram there are several four-ray intersections in a rhombic dodecahedron. So if your ever in northern Idaho you might want to go to the mining area yourself, where you'll have a chance to find your own treasures! For a star as massive as Mu Cephei the remnant is likely to be a black hole. , The initial mass of Mu Cephei has been estimated from its position relative to theoretical stellar evolutionary tracks to be between 15 M☉ and 25 M☉. So what causes the star? Garnet is a crystal that grows in metamorphic rock. Gem and Mineral show where they where a big hit. Asterism is an optical phenomena caused by small fiber like inclusions of rutile (titanium oxide, also called 'silk' by gem cutters) running along the faces of some gemstones. Its apparent brightness varies erratically between magnitude 3.4 and 5.1. The other star gems include moonstone, quartz, spinel, citrine, diopside, emerald, chrysoberyl and beryl. Garnet is a crystal that grows in metamorphic rock. Thank you. On the first days of the external test server, this item used to be called ruby necklace. Gene Stewart's father,
Star Garnets are a rare form of the garnet crystal. In the same year, he brought his finished
The better the cut the more centered and brighter the star can be. Though she is often the most pragmatic and straightforward of the Crystal Island engines, Garnet tends to act on intuition rather than seriously analyzing a situation. Asterism (the star effect) is associated mostly with star sapphire and star ruby. Then the garnets will look dark purple, unlike most of the other stones. Mozambique Garnet is usually Almandine, but may also be Pyrope. Once you have your garnets you'll need to have them cut to show a star. It has begun to fuse helium into carbon, whereas a main sequence star fuses hydrogen into helium. However, this value is close to the margin of error. To display a star the garnet must be cut in a specific way, that is en cabochon. x1 Mana Charge: • Boosts health of all allies by 180. A variety of almandine exhibiting a four-rayed or rarely six-rayed star due to oriented inclusions of rutile. And remember, if it looks suspicious just keep it, you can always throw it away later. The “star” quality or “asterism” is created from minute rods of rutile (TiO2) titanium oxide crystals, that form inclusions within the gemstone, oriented to reflect light from inside the stone.  Mu Cephei was called Garnet sidus by Giuseppe Piazzi in his catalogue. One of the most recent measurements gives a diameter of 18.672±0.435 mas at 800 μm, modelled as a limb-darkened disk 20.584±0.480 mas across. The Garnet Star is the sixth Crystal Star obtained in Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door.. History. Mu Cephei is visually nearly 100,000 times brighter than the Sun, with an absolute visual magnitude of −7.6. It is important to know what your looking for, garnets from this area are black, to plum color in the rough. , Calculation of the distance from the measured angular diameter, surface brightness, and calculated luminosity leads to 641 pc. This variability was quickly confirmed by German astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander. Garnets come in almost any color, and different colors fetch different prices. History. Tactical Skill Deals damage equal to 500% of Troop ATK to enemies. She has a dark sense of humor and prefers powerful beings over weaker ones. Star garnets are so rare that to date they have only been found in two places in the world; in the state of Idaho in the USA and in India. When a supergiant star has converted elements in its core to iron, the core collapses to produce a supernova and the star is destroyed, leaving behind a vast gaseous cloud and a small, dense remnant. Star garnet exhibits the optical phenomenon called asterism, a star-like pattern created on the surface of a gemstone when light encounters parallel fibrous, or needle-like, inclusions within its crystal structure. Our family visited the Emerald Creek mining area two times, for about 3-4 hours each, and with all six of us working, we ended up with around 40 ounces total! Heroes are an essential part of this game. Despite being a Ruby, she had shown intellect higher than most high-ranked Technicians, and thus serves as one. Idaho’s Star Garnets . Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as a spectral standard by which other stars are classified. Actually there are other gemstones that can also exhibit this effect, though specimens are fairly rare. Mu Cephei is a variable star and the prototype of the obsolete class of the Mu Cephei variables. They also say that the Idaho star garnets are the best you can get from anywhere else in the world. Star Garnet - Form of Almandine Garnet that exhibits asterism in the form of a four-rayed star.  Infrared observations suggest the presence of a wide ring of dust and water with an inner radius about twice that of the star itself, extending to about four times the radius of the star.. Star garnet spheres in this size (the diameter is about 100 mm!) Originally named Lisandro, she was called "Obsolete" for a period of time due to a bug in the game. Star Sapphire is a major character in Supernova. Mu Cephei (Latinized from μ Cephei, abbreviated Mu Cep or μ Cep), also known as Herschel's Garnet Star, Erakis, or HD 206936, is a red supergiant or hypergiant star in the constellation Cepheus. The star is surrounded by a spherical shell of ejected material that extends outward to an angular distance of 6″ with an expansion velocity of 10 km s−1. Max temporary HP is 100% of max HP. When light reflects off this rutile it can be seen as a star with four or six rays (in corundum, a star may have twelve rays). Official State Stone or Gem of Idaho The star garnet was designated the official state stone or gem of Idaho in 1967. It appears garnet red and is located at the edge of the IC 1396 nebula.  Its effective temperature of 3,750 K, determined from colour index relations, implies a radius of 1,259 R☉. Asterism came from the Greek word 'aster' which is star. It appears garnet red and is located at the edge of the IC 1396 nebula. This type of garnet is the hardest variety of garnet at 7.5 on the mohs hardness scale. We took our garnets to Stewarts Gem Shop to have them cut (they are shown above). This way it will be much easier to identify your garnets and separate them from anything else. The test also tells the gem cutter the quality of the final star, so they may decide to finish them or not. The garnets are then damaged by the creek once they're no longer protected by their containing stone. The Garnet Star, was created by the Shadow Queen as apowerful object that could be used to rule the world along with the other Crystal Stars.It somehow ended up in Poshley Sanctum, a shrine to the stars, and the rumour of treasure in the Poshley Sanctum soon spread. For this reason the six rayed garnets are more rare and considered superior. , The bolometric luminosity, summed over all wavelengths, is calculated from integrating the spectral energy distribution (SED) to be 269,000 L☉, making μ Cephei one of the most luminous red supergiants in the Milky Way. A determination of the distance based upon a size comparison with Betelgeuse gives an estimate of 390±140 parsecs. Below are some examples of full crystals. It is assigned stronger properties than the usual garnet, especially the darker or sparkling one. "Integrity (Steven & Garnet's Fusion Dance)" is a soundtrack from "Change Your Mind" that plays as Steven attempts to pull Ruby and Sapphire out of their Gemstones by fusing with them both. There are several different types of garnet, because of this they can come in many different colors, like purple, green, brown, blue or even colorless. Mu Cephei (Latinized from μ Cephei, abbreviated Mu Cep or μ Cep), also known as Herschel's Garnet Star, Erakis, or HD 206936, is a red supergiant or hypergiant star in the constellation Cepheus. The Idaho star garnet is of the almandine (aluminum containing) type. From shop themultigems $ 4.00. According to Stewarts Gem Shop,
This indicates an age of about 2,000–3,000 years for the shell. She has thick lips and wears blue lipstick. LLC. The area has been shut down for actual mining due to concerns about the environment in the area. It is harder than the rock it grows in, so its bedrock is eroded away and rolled down the creek, progressively being broken away by the creek until only the garnet is left. Emerald creek garnet area is closed for 2019 season. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as a spectral standard by which other stars are classified. Idaho 281 Star Garnet - Stewarts Gem Shop, Study of Gemstone
It is now considered to be a semiregular variable of type SRc. He was educated at the African Free School and other institutions, and became an advocate of militant abolitionism. Roark Garnet was a Human male from the planet Socorro. Went with family, and got garnet fever! More precious than either star rubies or star sapphires, the Idaho garnet is usually dark purple or plum in color, with four rays in the star (occasionally the star has six rays, as in a sapphire). So it's color is dark purple or plum to red or pink, when light is shining through it. It is available to the public from Memorial Day through Labor Day, and for a small fee you can buy a permit to dig from a stock pile of garnet bearing gravels on the site and try to find some star garnets. undamaged they are almost impossible to get. Star garnet is special. All the tools you need to find the garnets are provided by the site to anyone with a permit. garnet, from the emerald creek area in order to reveal the star in the stone. 1 Enhancement 2 Promotion 3 Troop Skill information 4 Hero Skill information 2-Star Heroes can't be promoted into 6-Star. The Idaho 281 Star Garnet My father, Dudley Stewart, discovered the specific way in which to cut the rough garnet from the Emerald Creek area in order to reveal the star or rays within the stone. Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia, created and edited by volunteers around the world and hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. It balances, strengthens and protects, and is a talisman of protection and unyielding strength, increasing willpower and resistance to all things … Star Garnet was designated …  An estimate made based on its angular diameter and an assumed distance of 2,400 light years gives it a radius of 1,650 R☉. The Shooting Star is a Gem artifact that first appeared in "Monster Buddies". Copyright © 3T Enterprises
Rumored that they will open back up sometime in July of 2019. The cut of star garnets is important to have a stone with the best possible star. The star garnet is very rare, only found in India and Idaho in the United States.
Because of the crystal structure of garnet (Rhombic Dodecahedron) it most commonly has four rays, but can occasionally display a six ray star.  The star currently has a mass loss rate of (4.9±1.0)×10−7 M☉ per year. There are only two places in the entire world that the beautiful gemstones known as Star Garnets can be found, and the Garnet Area in Idaho’s Panhandle National Forest is one of them. , The distance to Mu Cephei is not very well known. He pioneered the Idaho Star Garnet and introduced it into the market in 1951. In Idaho the star garnets are found in Emerald Creek, next to India it is the only other producer of star garnets known at this time. And the great thing is there is enough garnets that you're nearly guaranteed to find some, if you know what your looking for and are willing to work for it. , A very luminous red supergiant, Mu Cephei is among the largest stars visible to the naked eye, and one of the largest known cool supergiants. Garnet is a generalist Spectra jewelia that deals physical damage, debuted since release. Star Ruby is an intellectual being who tends to get smart with people. Then the star can be oriented and the garnet can be ground to it's final shape and given a high polish. During the Galactic Civil War, he operated as a smuggler, much to the dismay of his parents.  An alternative name, Erakis, used in Antonín Bečvář's star catalogue, is probably due to confusion with Mu Draconis, which was previously called al-Rāqis [arˈraːqis] in Arabic. It is also one of the largest known stars with a radius around or over 1,000 times that of the sun (R☉), and were it placed in the Sun's position it would engulf the orbit of Mars and Jupiter. This item used to measure a parallax of 0.55±0.20 mas, which corresponds to estimated... Support @ helpkidstolearn.com, Mason: main software develeloper/Web designer 2,000–3,000 years the. 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Space Expansion is a multiplayer online survival simulator in space. In the game you will become an astronaut traveling through the expanses of the solar system. On the path of space exploration, numerous landings on various planets and satellites await you. The main way to survive in space is to mine and process resources on Mars, the Moon and other planets and satellites through the construction of mining and processing factories.
However, this may not be so easy, because other players are trying to steal your loot. Therefore, care should be taken to build protective structures and devices so as not to engage in direct combat. The creation of various devices for the mining and processing of resources increases their efficiency. This allows you to profitably trade resources and crafted devices with other players. You can track the progress of your skills on the progress board.
Do not forget to complete the planet's tasks to mine resources and build chains of recycling factories. This will allow you to earn the cosmic currency of the new era - credits.
Building and mining resources on planets is not the only strategy for survival in space. By building a capacious spaceship and converting enough resources into fuel, you will be able to make space flights, buy and sell resources at competitive prices, taking advantage of the different economies of planetary online markets.
The territory of planets and satellites is an open world divided into sectors. You can explore an open world online with friends, just like in sandbox games, without being constrained by story or linearity, setting goals for yourself and living your own online adventure.
After spending a lot of time on long flights, mining a significant amount of resources, building efficient chains of mining and processing factories, building ingenious defensive structures from towers, turrets and other devices for battles, you may want to try to capture sectors of planets or even colonize the whole of Mars.
This will allow you to receive part of the resource extraction from other players. You can track the progress of other players and compete with them in the corresponding rating table. Having learned how to survive and earned a cosmic amount of credits, you will be able to help beginners by answering questions in an online chat, or simply show off your incredible ability to find resources where no one has gone before.


(Photos by David Crick.)
Thousands of revellers gathered to celebrate the Summer solstice at Stonehenge, near Salisbury, on Friday, June 21. Spectators were joined by pagans and druids -- some worshipped, others partied. Many were there simply to enjoy the atmosphere.
More than 20,000 people were at the ancient monument to greet the sunrise at 4.52 AM at the start of the longest day of the year. After a warm, moonlit night the mist and mizzle descended, making it impossible to judge the moment when the sun rose over the Wiltshire plain without an accurate watch.


Join us at the Central Kentucky Wildlife Refuge on Saturday, August 27th at 8:30 PM for our summer night walk.
The type of program will depend on the weather. If the weather is clear we will have a star party in the meadow by the Island Pond.
There will be amateur astronomers there with telescopes to share with the participants. Lacking clear skies we will have a “night sights and sounds” walk.
Either way participants should come prepared for a short walk.
Dress appropriately and keep in mind that chiggers and mosquitoes come out at dusk.
Also make sure to mark your calendar for our Fall Color Walk on Saturday, October 22nd. Details to follow.


In my book, “The Grail of the Unicorn Planet” the extraterrestrials that live on the planet Altair are highly advanced and benevolent. They visit Earth, unknown to most of us but if they did show their faces they would be friendly. However some people believe that to try and make contact with aliens and send messages to outer space is foolhardy and even dangerous. David Brun, scientist and science fiction author and considers it may be risky to reveal Earth’s location to alien civilisations. Another notable critic is the eminent physicist Stephen Hawking, who has said, “If aliens visit us, the outcome would be much as when Columbus landed in America, which didn’t turn out well for the Native Americans,”
Nevertheless, we have been sending messages since 1974 and are continuing to do so. So what messages have been sent and where have we sent them?
Well, the first time humans tried signaling aliens was in 1974, from the Arecebo radio telescope in Puerto Rico. The message was aimed at a cluster of stars called M13, 25.000 light years away. An answer if one ever comes will come back in 50,000 years, so perhaps we do not need to worry too much for after all the earth may not survive for that long.
The Arecebo message used the binary system and consisted of the numbers one through to ten, then the atomic numbers of basic elements , formulas for sugars and bases of the nucleotides of DNA, the double helix structure of DNA, a figure of a human being and its height, the population of earth, a diagram of our solar system and an image of the Arecebo telescope with its diameter.
Perhaps the most bizarre message of all that was sent was the Poetica Vaginal. Joe Davis is an artist and research affiliate at Massachusetts Institute of techology. He was concerned that no image of humans had been sent into space representing the details of human genitals or reproduction. So he made a message of the vaginal contractions of ballet dancers which were beamed from MIT’s Millstone Hill radar to Epsilon Endani, Tau Ceti and two other stars. However, only a few minutes of footage was transmitted before the US air force which had jursidiction over this facility shut the project down. Nevertheless, the vaginal sounds that were sent will have reached Epsilon Endani in 1996 and Tau Ceti in 1998. Who knows what any extraterrestrials will make of the message or what sort of reply we should expect.
The Cosmic Call messages were designed with a copy of the Arecebo message, a bilingual Image glossary as well as text, video and other image files submitted for transmission by everyday people around the world. They were transmitted to various constellations such as Cygnus and Andromeda in 1999 and 2003.
The Teen-age messages were composed by teenagers and four Russian scientists, mainly led by Alexander Zaitsev, a Russian engineer at the Russian Acedemy of Sciences in Moscow. It consisted of three parts, the first being a coherant sounding radio signal with a slow Doppler wavelength in order to help extraterrestials recognise it as a signal. The second was analog information representing musical mellodies performed on the Theremin. This electrical musical instrument produces a signal which is easily detectable across interstellar distances. The third represented a well known Arecebo-like binary digital information and a greeting in Russian and English. This message was sent in 2001 to six different constellations, including 47 Ursae Majoris, the first star to be found with a similar solar system to ours. The message, if there is anyone there to listen will arrive in 2047.
After this, a website was beamed into space by a company called Deep Space Communications Network in 2005. The website is called Craigslist and it beams messages from members of the general public into space. However as it sends messages into open space rather than to specific stars, it is unlikely anybody will pick them up.
Next, in February 2008, the Beatles song Across the Universe was sent out by NASA to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the agency’s founding. The message was aimed at Polaris, the Pole Star, and should arrive there in in 2439. However, Zaitsev, the Russian engineer behind the Cosmic Call and Teen-age messages, criticised the message stating that there were several defects in the method of transmission and also that Polaris is a super giant star that proably cannot support life.
Zaitsev, not content with the Cosmic Call and Teen-age messages set up a new project called A Message from Earth. This comprised of 501 messages selected by a competition on the social network site Bebo. As well as a million members of the public, various celebrities suggested messages, including the X Files actress Gillian Anderson and the Pop group McFly. All these people are now effectively ambassadors for the human race.
Lucy Hawking, writer in residence for Arizona State University’s Origins project and Stephen Hawking’s daughter ignored her fathers warning that aliens may be hostile and in February 2011 launched a writing contest called “Dear Aliens”. It asked students to answer “What would you say to extraterrestrials if earthlings are contacted from Outer Space? If you had to speak for humanity what would you say? Over 1,000 messages were submitted to the contest. Benjamin Lee, a seventh-grade student from Mesa, Arizona won the contest. Despite Stephen Hawking’s grim warning against attemping alien contact, in April 2011 Lee’s message was beamed into space, where it was bounced off the moon.
The message reads “Dear Aliens, Please help us save our world. Not from you, from ourselves. We are destroying our planet and need help from more technologically advanced beings. Our planet is polluted, many nations are at war, there is civil unrest and our economy is in turmoil.”
Lets hope that any extraterrestrials hearing the message are philanthropic and amiable, like the Altairians in my book. And that Stephen Hawking doesn’t get the chance to say “I told you so” to his daughter.
Information contained in this blog taken from

Earth calling: A short history of radio messages to ET . New Scientist. Space. 20 January 2010 Michael Marshall.

Is Stephen Hawking right about aliens? Alok Jha, The Guardian 30 April 2010.

Hawking: Aliens may pose a risk to Earth, mnsnbc.com staff and news service reports. 25 April 2010.

Messages to extraterrestials. Jason McClellen 30 August 2011.


Here’s How You Can See the Rare ‘Christmas Star’ in Alabama
It's been hundreds of years since two planets have aligned on the night of the winter solstice, and you can see this rare celestial event from your backyard.
You'll need to head outside and look southwest just after sunset. Between 5 p.m. and 7 p.m. tonight, you can see the alignment of Jupiter and Saturn with the unaided eye. You'll obviously be able to get a better view of what's being billed as "The Great Conjunction" with a telescope or binoculars; however, tonight's forecast calls for a clear sky which will make it possible to see this once-in-a-lifetime event.
Just how rare is "The Great Conjunction?"
"It’s been nearly 400 years since the planets passed this close to each other in the sky,
and nearly 800 years since the alignment of Saturn and Jupiter occurred at night, as it will for 2020, allowing nearly everyone around the world to witness [it]," ABC 33/40 and Townsquare Media Tuscaloosa Chief Meteorologist James Spann said.
GREAT CONJUNCTION: Tonight we have the "great conjunction" of Jupiter and Saturn. What makes this year’s event so rare?...
The planetary alignment should be at its peak tomorrow (Tuesday) night and will still be visible on Christmas Eve and Christmas night.


NASA’s Juno Spacecraft. Everything about it
Nasa Juno spacecraft which finaly entered jupiter’s orbit after a 5 year journey made history. NASA has become the 1st agency in the world to have reached Jupiter’s orbit.
Ducking the intense belts of violent radiation as it skimmed over the clouds of jupiter at 1,30,000 miles per hour, NASA’s juno aircraft finally clinched its sport on July 4th 2016, in the orbit of the solar system’s largest planer. It took five years for Juno to travel this far on its $1.1Billion mission.
Key Points About NASA JUNO aircraft:
- NASA’s Juno spacecraft entered the Jupitor;s orbit on July 4th 2016 after travelling about 1.7 billion miles. It took five years to enter the orbit.
- The Juno is being managed by the NASA’s jet propulsion laboratory in Pasaden, California
- Indian scientists working at NASA have played an important role in JUNO mission.
- Jupiter is believed to be holding key to understanding of the origins of our solar system
- The mission will end on Feburary 20, 2018 after the Juno will make a suicidal dive into Jupiter.
- Indian Scientists Sushil K. Atreya and Sembiam Rengarajan played a very important role in the mission.


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An extremely rare British Space Cover issued to commemorate Major Tim Peake, the first Briton to walk in Space. Only 80 of this Outer Space cover are known to exist. The cover depicts Tim Peake with Royal Mail stamp officially postmarked on the day of the space walk, dated 15/01/2016 used in combination with a Royal Mail space stamp tied to the cover with a blue First British Space Walk 15th January 2016 Squared Cachet. This is a sought after item of Space Postal History.


Full Moon will occur at 09° Leo on January 28, 2021 at 11:16 AM, PST. The Full Moon in Leo is a time of actualizing deeper levels of self-realization, feeling into your big-heartedness, increased self-awareness of “Who I am.” This is when you can allow your soul to really shine.
We are also in the shadow of Mercury in Retrograde. Can you feel the tension building? Mercury is the planet of Communication: which translates to relationships, cars, computers, contracts. When Mercury is in Retrograde its time to slow down and review, re-evaluate and reassess.
As stated in my blog on Mars in Retrograde, a planet is considered retrograde when it orbits to the far side of the sun. From our two-dimensional perspective on earth, instead of the planet moving along with us in a clockwise direction, the retrograde planet appears to be traveling counter-clockwise.
Each planet has its own reign of influence. When the planet is on the other side of the sun in relation to the earth, we will feel the opposite of the planet’s energy. Many moons ago, planets were associated with specific characteristics and drives or motivations. Planets were then linked to astrological signs, which provides guidance for the type of energy that rules or governs each sign.
Mercury zips around the sun in 88 days, which is why there are four retrogrades in one of Earth’s rotation around the sun – 365 days. This is like our resting times of the year when its important to double-check clarity of communication, and especially your intention.
My friend Victoria Bearden has been my astrologer reader for nearly 25 years. She’s says this full moon in Leo will be a fireball. “The Moon in brave-hearted Leo opposes the Sun, Jupiter, and Saturn in revolutionary Aquarius, while squaring off with a volatile conjunction of Mars and Uranus in Taurus. It would take a while to explain the magnitude of that many planets engaging with one another at the same moment. Suffice it to say, it’s really going to be something! FYI, this is not a peaceful vibration. It’s extremely intense and could spark controversy. But it could also serve as rocket fuel to empower your intentions. Resist the temptation to get sucked into the drama. Instead, use this as a power source for your positive ideas and actions. Due to the exaggerated nature of this planetary vibration, there will be some craziness. This combo could trigger earthquakes or extreme weather. Stay grounded, stay calm, and carry on. The wildness of this Full Moon can help you find your inner warrior. Enlist the aid of your Spirit Guides and Allies to increase your awareness and give you protection.”
What I am discovering at this time is a strong need to shine my “I AM” lioness energy at the same time having an awareness that “all roads lead to Rome.” There are many ways to do things and communicating and if I can stop and listen with my big heartedness then I will hear more of the Divine Light shining through others, as well as myseld. Right now, many of us are spinning the wheels waiting for the chain to catch and the bike to start moving, but we’re heading into Mercury Retrograde, a time to slow down. It’s a time to chat with friends over a cuppa and deepen the sharing our lives with our loved ones.


Chôjikû Yôsai Macross Bye-Bye Mars (1982–1995) Online
Having discovered an abandoned base on Mars, the Zentradi set up a trap for the Macross. The Macross, already far off the intended course for Earth, makes a stop on Mars for much needed supplies.
|Episode credited cast:|
|Arihiro Hase||-||Hikaru Ichijô (voice)|
|Mari Iijima||-||Lynn Minmay (voice)|
|Rest of cast listed alphabetically:|
|Vic Mignogna||-||Hikaru Ichijo (voice)|
|Monica Rial||-||Misa Hayase (voice)|
|John Swasey||-||Captain Bruno J. Global (voice)|
At the 5:30 mark, a message supposedly from Mars base Salla is seen on the screen. The body of the message reads: "IBSN 0 905478 509. First published in Great Britain in 2000 by Andersen Press, Ltd." Then there are a series of coordinates, followed by, "If mice could swim they would float with the tide and play with the fish down by the seaside. The cats on the shore would quickly agree..." The ISBN number is of an actual book, "If Mice Could Fly," by John Cameron. It was published by Andersen Press, Ltd, but the date of publication was 1979, not 2000.


For the star gazers, ghost hunters and night owls who adventure by lunar light, GOAL ZERO introduces the latest in its line of portable power products, the Eclipse 10 Solar Reflecting Kit. An innovation like this only happens once in a blue moon.GOAL ZERO’s newest kit comes complete with the Eclipse 10 Watt Hour Recharger and the Apollo 11 Lunar Panel, capable of keeping phones, GPS units and night vision goggles charged up during late night escapades. “Our customers are always asking for ways to utilize the power of the moon to keep their gear charged up,” said Joe Atkin, President and CEO of GOAL ZERO. “The Eclipse 10 Solar Reflecting kit is the perfect solution for all those late-night adventures.” Utilizing the Apollo 11 Lunar Panel and the reflective powers of the moon, you can charge gear directly from the panel or store power for later in the Eclipse 10 Recharger – a perfect scenario for those who seek out dark caves during the day. Although charging will be most efficient during a full Harvest moon, your device will receive power during a Waning Crescent Moon or a Waxing Gibbous Moon phase. A release date is still unknown. Keep checking
WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/GOALZERO for all the latest information. Go-anywhere, rechargeable battery pack keeps your handheld gear going strong. Charge AA/AAA batteries from the MOON's reflected rays or any USB port, then power your phone, MP3, GPS, or perk up your tablet in a pinch.
-Directly charge a smartphone in a 1-4 hours
-Built-in LED light runs for 150+ hours per charge
-Charge up removable AA/AAA batteries from USB or Reflection
Weight:0.4lbs (0.18 kg)
Type: use only 4x NiMH cellsDimensions:2.5 x 4 x 0.75in (6 x 10 x 2cm)Capacity:4x NiMh cells (10Wh)
USB-mini port:5V, up to 0.7A (3.5W)
Batteries4 x AA or AAA NiMH cellsSolar port:6.5V, up to 1.5A (7W)USB standard port:5.0V up to 1.0A (10W) Flashlight:100mW white LED, 100+ hours . . . . . . .
Happy April Fools day!


Solar Eclipse Safety!
What up, Lincoln, Nebraska! As you very likely know that today, you will be able to see the glorious and splendid solar eclipse! You also probably know that you are one of the lucky areas in the path of totality! What does this mean? Basically, at 2:02PM today you will be able to see a TOTAL eclipse, rather than just a partial one as most of the country will. How cool is that?! Pretty darn cool. This also means that there will likely be A LOT of people outside and driving around today trying to get a good look at the eclipse! With the rise of technology, the dangers out on the road are sure to be higher this time than the last time the eclipse happened, mostly because everyone will want to get an awesome eclipse selfie. No shame in my game, I too will want one, but it will be extremely important to take a few safety precautions to stay safe during this eclipse. Below are a few tips to keep you safe during this celestial event!
DON’T LOOK AT THE ECLIPSE WHILE DRIVING
This feels like a no brainer, but please don’t look at the eclipse while driving. Thing one, ONLY during the time of the full eclipse is it even safe to look a the eclipse. Any other time YOU COULD GO BLIND. Thing two, regardless of the state of the sun, if you are DRIVING, you need to focus on the road. Know that there will likely be a billion people wandering around outside, potentially with handcrafted boxes meant for looking at the eclipse, who will NOT be paying attention to their surroundings. Stay alert, friends.
DON’T PULL OVER ON THE SIDE OF THE HIGHWAY EITHER
Again, it feels like something that should be fairly obvious, but with an event like this, it’s best to just say it anyway. The eclipse is expected to last less than three minutes, so you’ll think to yourself, I can stop quick fast. Well, three minutes is just enough time for an accident to happen. Don’t be an accident.
THERE WILL BE MANY, MANY PEDESTRIANS OUT — DON’T KILL THEM
It’s going to feel vaguely like a zombie apocalypse, particularly with the glorious backdrop of an eclipse, but I must implore you to not go grand theft auto on these people. Drive safely and DO NOT hit the pedestrians.
TURN ON YOUR HEADLIGHTS
During a total solar eclipse, the Moon is literally blocking the Sun, so it will be night out there, albeit briefly, but the darkness will be out there, so turn those headlights on!
WATCH OUT FOR CONSTRUCTION
Last minute construction before the winter begins is common practice in August, so you really need to watch out for construction sites during the eclipse!
Honestly, the best thing you can do during the eclipse is avoid the road altogether. Ride a bike. Walk. Use public transportation. But, please don’t drive unless you really have to. Safety first friends!
Be excited about the eclipse, but also be safe. We want you to live long enough to actually enjoy it!


Not much info came with this video, just that it's a ufo spiraling out of a wormhole in Tomsk Russia. It's a really amazing watch, at first it shows what looks like a comet trail with a bright light at the head, then it goes dark and appears to open up releasing the ball of light which then starts to spiral, very pretty.
I haven't seen anything quite like it before and I can't begin to explain what I think it may be so I won't.
Sure hope it's not a fake.
UFO - Spiral Slips out of Wormhole in Tomsk Russia
Earn a little extra with MyLot


The Dark Sky: McDonald Observatory
Get a glimpse of the stars and more at the McDonald Observatory
Photo By Frank Cianciolo/McDonald Observatory
A crash of thunder booms overhead as lightning pelts the dark summer sky. Inside the McDonald Observatory near Fort Davis, an astronomer glances toward the ceiling with each burst of thunder and then blithely continues with his lecture.
The desert rainstorm may have been a welcome reprieve to the ongoing Texas drought, but it was the opposite kind of weather I’d hoped for when booking a two-hour Star Party, which the University of Texas’ viewing and research center holds every Tuesday, Friday and Saturday to provide guests a chance to see the moon, constellations and occasional planet (look for Saturn in July) through its high-powered telescopes. Like most West Texas rainstorms, this one is short lived. And because it trapped us indoors for longer than expected, it provided the opportunity not only to catch a lecture on satellites (of which there are far more roaming the sky than I realized), but also to tour the Frank N. Bash Visitors Center.
At an altitude of 6,800 feet near sparsely populated Fort Davis, the McDonald Observatory is uniquely positioned to allow for some of the best star viewing in the country. “We have some of the darkest skies of any observatory,” says Frank Cianciolo, senior program coordinator. “We’re also up above a significant amount of air, which cuts down on the blur and fuzzy look of things.”
When the rain moved to the east, Cianciolo’s promise was fulfilled and we were left standing under a particularly dark post-storm sky—the perfect landscape for guides to point out constellations. After a constellation overview, the 100-plus-person crowd was set loose to peer through telescopes ranging in size from 8 to 24 inches in diameter. It didn’t take long for lines to form, particularly behind the 24-inch Ritchey-Chrétien and Alan Y. Chow telescopes. Located inside a dome, the Chow telescope was dedicated last July and provides close-up glimpses of constellations and planets. Robotically operated, it’s set to target certain points in the sky making it easy for even the most amateur of stargazers to enjoy a view unlike anything they’ve ever seen from their own backyard. “We get people from all over the world,” says Cianciolo.
An evening Star Party could consume an entire visit, but the observatory is about much more than just nighttime tours. As a UT research center, it has facilities atop Mount Locke that allow astronomers to study asteroids, planets and everything in between. Visitors who book a daytime tour can take a look around the facility. On certain nights, tours also feature the Otto Struve Telescope, once the second largest in the world.
Standing under the dark sky at the Star Party, I know I’m still thousands of miles away from each celestial object. But, with the help of the center’s high-powered telescopes, it feels like I could easily reach out and touch them, if only for a moment.
When You Go
Drive: 396 miles west on I-10
Stay: If you like sleeping in a tent, reserve a campsite at Davis Mountains State Park, a short drive from the observatory and a place with plenty of daytime hiking options. If you prefer a mattress and electricity, reserve a room at the historic 1880s Hotel Limpia. tpwd.state.tx.us/state-parks/
Eat: Order a milkshake from the soda fountain at the Fort Davis Drug Store & Hotel. Grab lunch or a snack before your McDonald
Observatory tour at the StarDate Café. fortdavisdrugstore.net; mcdonaldobservatory.org
Do: The Otto Struve Telescope recently celebrated its 75th anniversary. Visitors must make reservations to see it on special tours. mcdonaldobservatory.org


From the last few years, Earth's rotation is spinning faster than its usual speed and the planet could be beginning a 50 year period of shorter days, as per the reports.
On June 29, 2022; the planet rotated faster and completed it’s quickest-ever spin, followed quickly by a day that lasted 1.50 milliseconds less on July 26, 2022.
The previous record for the shortest rotation was reported on July 19, 2020, when the Earth’s rotation took 1.4602 milliseconds less than 24 hours. In the same year, scientists recorded the 28 shortest days since 1960.
According to Interesting Engineering (IE) news outlet, a 50-year phase of shorter days may be starting right now for Earth.
Reports say that the Earth’s fastening rotation could have major consequences on atomic clocks, which are used in GPS satellites.
As the changing time-span won’t take into account the Earth’s changing rotation which means that GPS satellites—which already have to be corrected for the effect of Einstein's Theory of Relativity — will quickly become useless.
Apart from that, smartphones, computers, and other communications systems will render useless as they are synchronised with Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. Since the clock progresses from 23:59:59 to 23:59:60 before resetting to 00:00:00, a time jump like this can crash programmes and corrupt data.
Scientists have not yet come to a particular conclusion as to why the earth is spinning faster than its normal speed.
However, A study published in Geophysical Research Letters of the American Geophysical Union suggests that global warming has led to significant melting of glaciers due to which our planet’s axis of rotation has been moving faster since the 1990s.


According to a new study, an extremely dense and weird matter has been buried under the surface of the moon. The researchers have been imagining a weird matter that might be the debris of an enormous asteroid, which collapsed and buried at the south pole of the moon.
The researchers generated a hypothesis based on the data extracted from two separate space missions, which specify a dissemblance between the geography and gravitational pull of the moon.
Peter B. James—the lead study author and a geoscientist at Baylor University, Texas—stated that the size of the buried matter is almost five times the size of the Big Island of Hawaii.
The GRAIL mission is one of the two missions, on which hypothetical study is concluded. Under the mission, two spacecraft were launched that were revolving around the moon and constantly mapped its gravitational pull for more than a year. The second mission, from which the recent study utilized the data, is Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The mission extended for almost 10 Years, in which the surface of the moon was regularly examined.
The study findings concluded by the researchers are available in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
On a similar note, the Earth’s angular speed or rotational speed has been decreasing occasionally and the reason behind the slowdown is the Moon. The scientists have been considering that it might be hitting the Earth’s core significantly, which ultimately leads to an increase in frequency and magnitude of earthquakes in the future or can even demolish the planet’s ecosystem.
As almost two-thirds of the Earth’s surface is covered with huge water bodies and the tides are dependent on the rotational speed of the Earth. Therefore, the sudden variation, either increase or decrease in the speed, could generate strong effects.
According to the Planetary Science Institute (PSI), Arizona, This occasional slowdown is Earth’s speed can have a great impact on the weather patterns.


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November 11, 2021
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June 20, 2019, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM @ City Hall Chambers
June 20, 2019, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM @ Ethel M. Gordon Oakland Park Library
Come join us on select Thursdays during the Summer Reading Program for space-themed crafts. The craft this day will be coloring space-themed bookmarks. All ages are welcome to join!
June 20, 2019, 5:30 PM - 7:30 PM @ Ethel M. Gordon Oakland Park Library
Adults 18 and over. Join us on June 20th from 5:30 PM-7:30 PM for the Sign up and Blast off event for the 2019 Adult Summer Reading Program. The theme for this year is “A Universe of Stories” in celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Apollo Moon Landing. You are invited to come and view the movie Apollo 11. You will get a book bag, bookmark and reading log during registration. Come and hear more about the program which runs from Thursday, June 20, 2019 to Thursday, July 18, 2019. There will be food, fun, prizes and surprises during this exciting summer experience. For additional information, call Verna Thomas at 954-630-4374.


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When you can’t wait to see the sun again
By now, you’ve probably heard that the Australian summer is getting cooler, so you might be wondering when the sun will finally return to our skies.
Well, it’s probably going to be in November.
“The sun is set to shine through the northern sky, making for a spectacular view from the top of the mountains,” Sydney Morning Herald reported on Tuesday.
With the exception of the few places where the sky will be cloudy and the sun won’t be shining, we’ll be able to see plenty of the northern lights in November, the paper said.
According to the Sydney Morning Herald, a handful of areas in the northern half of the state are expected to see a bit of a boost from the summer sun, with some even seeing more light than the rest of the country.
In Victoria, the Northern Territory and Western Australia, the weather is forecast to remain sunny and clear, with temperatures in the region around 25C (84F).
In New South Wales, a few locations in the south of the State have seen temperatures drop below 20C (68F).
In the central Queensland region, temperatures are expected in the low teens, according to the ABC.
“With the summer coming to an end, many of us will be out and about enjoying the warmth of the sun,” the ABC’s Ben Smith said.
“The weather will be pleasant and sunny and sunny skies are a welcome sight for many.”
The weather is expected to be sunny and cloudy on Tuesday, Nov. 5, 2018.
This image from a NASA satellite shows the northern night sky.
Source (NASA/JPL) The best place to look in the north is Victoria.
“It’s a great place to enjoy the sun, it has a lot of trees, a lot to see and it’s so remote,” one woman told the ABC, adding that it was also very popular with the locals.
“It was very quiet and quiet when I lived there,” said another woman.
“You would see a lot more people when I was there.”
In NSW, a couple from the state’s south-east told the NSW Independent they could see the northern light, which was visible in Victoria, on Tuesday afternoon.
They had been out on a beach for a swim when they spotted the light and decided to get out of the water and see what was happening.
“It looked like the light was actually coming through the water,” the couple said.
When they did, the sun was still shining, but not as bright as it was when they were in the sun earlier.
“I couldn’t believe my eyes,” the woman told ABC News.
The sun will be shining through the skies, on Nov. 1, 2018 in the state of New South Africa.
This image shows the western sky over Sydney.
Source (NASA)”I’m excited to see it,” another woman said.
“It’s really exciting to see sunshine coming through and I hope the sun is coming back soon.
It’s the best sun ever, I’m looking forward to it.”
So what should you expect when you get out into the northern skies?
You can expect a lot less cloud than you will in southern Australia.
And in New South and Northern Queensland, there are more trees, including some in places that normally see a great deal of fog, such as the Murray-Darling Basin.
You’ll also be able see some light pollution, but most of that will be in the Northern Hemisphere.
“There will be less dust in the air, so that will help with the cloud cover,” ABC meteorologist Chris Williams told the Sydney Evening Herald.
And you might see some rain, but only a couple of inches per year.
Ahead of the new year, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology is warning of a potential rise in flooding in the Australian Capital Territory and parts of Western Australia.
“Rain and strong winds are forecast to form over parts of the NT in the coming days, with flooding in some areas expected to reach the highest levels ever recorded,” the bureau said.
The bureau has also warned of possible flash flooding in Western Australia and New South Australia, as well as some rainfall in the Southern Alps.
But you should be careful in Sydney, where there are already several severe thunderstorms, including one that has brought some of the worst flooding in Australia.


The work reported in this section has been performed by members of RD8 and RD19.
GaAs pixel detectors have been developed which are compatible with the RD19 Omega3/LHC1  read-out electronics. The pixel detectors form an array of 16 x 128 elements each 50m by 500m in size. The latest pixel detectors fabricated by Alenia with an ion-implanted ohmic back contact have been tested in a 120GeV/c pion beam. The detectors were 200m thick and biased to 500V. The detection efficiency dependence upon the Omega3 comparator threshold for the two planes of GaAs pixels under test in an Omega2 silicon telescope is shown in figure 3. The pixels performed as well as the silicon telescope and demonstrated 100% CCE. These results are from on-line analysis but show that GaAs pixels work extremely well.
latex2html conversion by www person on 1997-08-27


Design Thinking for Rocket Scientists (Preview)
Removing Barriers for Innovation at NASA
In the 1960s, the average age of a NASA employee was 27. As a brand new agency with a once-in-history mission to put a human on the moon and bring them back to Earth safely, the National Aeronautical and Space Administration was moving fast and loaded with young talent. This is where we get the term moon shot, meaning a plan to innovate quickly and achieve something big that was previously thought impossible.
Photo by NASA/Bill Ingalls
By Brian Romer, Director of Design, Thomson Reuters Labs
Over the decades, NASA has grown and launched dozens of other missions beyond the Apollo Moon program, from Voyager to the Space Shuttle, the International Space Station to landing robots on Mars. At over 60 years old, NASA is still known as the pioneer and leader in space exploration, but multiple nimble competitors from the private sector now play a growing role in the field…


Most astrologers concern themselves only with the positions of the Sun, Moon and planets as seen from a topocentric or a geocentric perspective. Other phenomena, such as fixed stars and comets, when considered at all, are generally misused.
I. Fixed Stars
A. Since each of the stars has the nature of one of the planets the modern astrologer treats them as such. Observing the celestial longitude of the star, he presumes it is on the ecliptic and proceeds to apply aspects and interpretations in the usual manner. Aspects by the planets to the angles of a chart, and hence to fixed stars at those angles, are valid regardless of the latitude of the star, because the "angle" is not just a point on the geographical horizon, but also a great circle on the celestial sphere. Nevertheless, most of the fixed stars are not on the ecliptic, but they have variant celestial latitudes. As long as both bodies are close to the ecliptic there will be no significant error, but if one of them has appreciable celestial latitude the error in aspect can be quite large.
By and large, for the main aspects (conjunction, opposition, sextile and trine) a distance of 60 degrees in celestial latitude between the two bodies may result in an error of about 50 degrees in longitude. In this case, the planetary aspects should not be applicable to the fixed stars.
In ancient times, the stars that were rising, setting, and culminating at the time of birth (the stars one was really born under) were considered to be of primary importance. Each of them was given the nature of one or more of the planets and from them the astrologer could delineate much of what may befall the native. For example:
• Canopus (Alpha (α) Carina in Argo Navis)
Rising: it was supposed to give a love of travel and also to instigate fights and quarrels resulting in lawsuits; the native however could channel these tendencies constructively, with astuteness and a sense of real earnestness. [Fixed Stars and Their Interpretation, Elsbeth Ebertin, 1928]
Culminating: it was signifying great glory, fame and wealth, dignity and authority by the help of an old clergyman or influential person.
• Rigel (Beta (β) Orion)
Rising: was considered to bestow good fortune, preferment, riches, great and lasting honors.
Culminating: military or ecclesiastical preferment, anger, vexation, magnanimity, much gain acquired by labor and mental anxiety, lasting honors.
• Pollux (Beta (β) Gemini)
Rising: Bad eyes, blindness, injuries to the face, sickness, wounds, imprisonment, ephemeral honor and preferment.
Culminating: Honor and preferment but danger of disgrace and ruin.
[Fixed Stars and Constellations in Astrology, Vivian E. Robson, 1923]
B. Another error committed by modern astrologers, is the complete neglect of the star's apparent magnitude. Traditionally, bright stars were considered much more important in a chart than were the dimmer ones and ancient astrologers made much of the changing magnitude of the planets, giving them much more importance as they became brighter. And variable stars such as Mira, which at times cannot even be seen with a small telescope, could only be delineated by carefully noting their periods.
1. What remained after billions of years of planetary encounters was an extraordinarily large cloud of comets extending outward from orbits beyond Pluto in all directions. A virtual spherically shaped cloud of comets (named Oort) surrounds the Sun at a distance from 1,000 to 100,000 astronomical units. There is also a disk shaped source of comets that extends from 35-40 AU out from the Sun to about 1,000 AU. This disk-shaped Kuiper Belt blends with the spherical Oort Cloud at about 1,000 AU. Since the Oort Cloud is spherical, long-period comets can appear to approach the Sun from any point in space. Short-period comets, originating from the Kuiper Belt, always appear to emanate from a band along the ecliptic plane (the plane that contains the planetary orbits). They are temporary visitors and periodic comets, such as Halley's, are always around. It is just that they are too far away to be seen most of the time. A comet is a valid astrological entity only if it can be seen with the naked eye. And the brighter the apparition the more important it becomes astrologically.
When a comet appears in the sky, its celestial latitude can be quite large. As it approaches perihelion, it begins to get very close to the ecliptic. When the comet appears, even at the higher latitudes, it activates the constellation its head is in. When it gets to within ten or fifteen degrees of the ecliptic it is said to be in the zodiac. When the comet is first visible to the naked eye (magnitude about +5) it is said to have entered the solar system. The comet will generally enter the solar system before it arrives in the zodiac. Therein the normal planetary aspects apply.
2. Comets are comparatively rare astrological events. Less than 2% of those born since 1900 have a comet in their birth chart. However, every visible comet that enters our solar system will energize our natal planets as transits.
3. Using progressions, a year of future time is assumed to be accounted for by a day's movement of the planets. But comets move much faster than do planets. A day's movement of a comet is equivalent to 30 days, sometimes as little as a week, of future time as measured from the instant it enters the zodiac. Nevertheless, when it enters our solar system its orbit will be perturbed by the planets, especially by Jupiter. These perturbations are not entirely predictable. As a result, the comet's location and brightness may vary from that given in early accounts, such as in ephemerides published several months ago. The astrology of events such as comets requires visual observation if at all possible.
I am not sure whether all computerized astrological calculations provide for the above mentioned specifications. However, in the case of handmade charts, both the celestial latitude and the apparent magnitude of stars and comets should be taken into account.