Total Solar Eclipse April 8, 2024 – Be aware and be prepared.
The upcoming total solar eclipse is a once-in-a-lifetime event, with safety in mind the Oneida County Sheriff’s Office to provide event information.
The northern section of Oneida County will be in the path of the total solar eclipse from 2:07 p.m. to 4:33 p.m., with totality starting about 3:21 p.m. Totality is expected to last about 1 minute and 24 seconds. During that time, it will appear to be dark even if it is cloudy, the temperature could fall by as much as 10 degrees, and animals and plants may behave as if it’s nighttime.
Those viewing the event should not look directly at the sun without the proper eyewear. Permanent eye damage could result. Only ISO-Certified 12312-2 eclipse glasses should be used. The certification number may also appear as 12312-2:2015. They can be found here: https://eclipse.aas.org/eye-safety/viewers-filters.
The public should expect traffic to be impacted by this event, particularly in the area of State Routes 12 & 28, please note that these remote locations will have limited fuel locations. Some streets and bridges in other areas of the county may be closed for pedestrian viewing. Traffic is expected to be heaviest before after the totality. Even residents who do not plan to watch the eclipse should plan on the following:
- Potential for delayed/disrupted emergency service responses and prolonged response times.
- Potential for stranded motorists.
- Fuel infrastructure may not be able to support an increase in vehicular traffic.
- Gridlocked traffic may increase fuel, food, and water demand depending on duration.
- Cellular networks may be overloaded by high volume.
- Increase in 911 call volume.
- DO NOT PARK or stop in the roadway. If you wish to stop, find a safe location that does not interfere with traffic.
- Plan on staying in the region the night of the event.
- If you can’t stay, fuel/charge up the day before the event.
- Have extra food and water in your vehicle for your trip.
- Have cellphones charged and bring chargers with you.
- Plan on being in traffic for an extended period.
- Plan on viewing the event from designated viewing sites.
IF YOU PLAN ON LEAVING AFTER THE EVENT, BE PATIENT AND RESPECTFUL OF OTHERS ON THE ROADWAYS.
For a round-up of all information related to the eclipse, please visit Oneida County’s special webpage at: https://ocgov.net/total-solar-eclipse-2024/.


Every good space enthusiast can sometimes be confused by difficult terms and concepts. It’s not exactly rocket science…but wait. Partly it is! Don’t worry, we got your back. We prepared a small – but very useful – glossary of meteoritic terms. From the basic concepts to the more advanced terms that you need when you turn pro, here is everything you need. Think of it as a starter pack for meteoritics!
Let’s start with the basics.
- Meteoritics: The science of meteors, meteorites, and meteoroids. It is closely connected to similar sciences such as cosmochemistry, mineralogy, and geochemistry.
- Meteor: The flash of light which happens when a meteoroid enters the atmosphere from space. The air molecules trigger reactions with the body of the meteor. Due to ionization, the meteor burns high in the mesosphere, leaving a colored trail behind. Therefore, people call meteors “shooting stars”.
- Meteoroid: All Solar System bodies that are smaller than asteroids. The precise line between these two notions doesn’t exist, but a general rule is that asteroids are larger than 1km in diameter.
- Meteorite: This is a meteoroid that has entered the atmosphere, vaporized (as a meteor) and then landed on the surface of the Earth.
- Lunar Meteorite: A meteorite that originates from the Moon.
- Martian Meteorite: A meteorite that originates from Mars.
- Micrometeorite: A meteorite with a diameter of less than 1mm but bigger than 1 micron. A very, very tiny meteorite. However, it is still bigger than meteoritic dust.
- Meteoritic Dust: Very small particles. Meteoritic dust grains are smaller than micrometeorites.
- Comet: Comets are small Solar System bodies that, when heated, release gasses. Most meteorites (and meteoroids) that we now have originate from comets, i.e. comets are the parent bodies. Most meteoroids are remnants that were left after the disintegration of a comet. Comets usually have two parts – a coma and a tail. The coma is the nebulous circle around the nucleus which forms when the comet is heated while passing close to the Sun. They are mostly made up of ice, dust, and rocky material. Comets, just like asteroids, formed around 4.5 billion years ago. Astronomers employ a general rule of naming comets after the astronomers who were the first to spot them. Halley, however, did not discover the comet, he only made predictions about the upcoming potential sightings of the body. Turns out, he was right – the comet reappears every 75-76 years, and we call it Halley’s Comet.
- Asteroid: Asteroids are large meteoroids, or better yet – minor planets. Scientists have discovered that asteroids are debris from destroyed planetesimals. Most asteroids are located in the Asteroid Belt, right between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. Some asteroids even co-orbit with Jupiter. In terms of composition, asteroids have three main classes – C-type (rich with carbon), M-type (metallic), and S-type (silicate). Asteroids are often confused with comets and meteoroids. Here is the explanation – the difference between comets and asteroids is in the composition, while we differentiate meteoroids and asteroids by size. The largest asteroid ever discovered is Ceres, which is so big (945km diameter) that it’s also named a dwarf planet.
- Fireball: A light phenomenon brighter than a meteor. Fireballs are essentially the same thing, but they reach magnitude -4.0.
- Bolide: We use this term often as a synonym for fireballs. That’s not a surprise, as both terms describe an extremely bright meteor. Bolide is a fireball that reaches a magnitude of -14 (that’s brighter than the Moon), often exploding in the atmosphere. Superbolide represents a fireball that reaches a magnitude of -17 (or brighter). The latest example of a superbolide airburst was in Chelyabinsk in 2013, when a massive fireball exploded in the air above a densely populated area.
- Radiant: The visible point in the celestial sphere that meteors (during a shower) seem to originate from. For observers, who watch this from a two-dimensional perspective, it might seem that the radiant is the vanishing point for meteors. Their trajectories are almost parallel as they stem from the same parent body, i.e. radiant.
- Parent Body – Each meteorite is a remnant (or piece) that was once part of another bigger celestial body. The larger body from which meteorite originates is called the parent body.
- Shower: Meteor showers are cosmic events during which many meteors can be observed in the sky. They must include a radiant, i.e. the starting point of the shower. Meteor showers are typically named after the constellation in which their radiant is visible. One such example is the Leonid meteor shower. The radiant is located in the constellation of Leo. Perseids were named after Perseus, the apparent constellation in which the radiant lies. Of course, there are sometimes exceptions. The Quadrantids are named after Quadrans Muralis, a constellation that no longer exists, but is rather part of the Boötes constellation.
- Duration: The duration of the shower marks the period during which the shower is most expected to be active. The dates need not necessarily stay fixed each year and they can slightly shift.
- Maximum: The maximum represents the peak of the shower, i.e. the dates when the shower is most prolific. Due to changes in the Civil Calendar in terms of leap years, scientists and astronomers opt for the position of the Sun, better known as Solar Longitude.
- A. (Right Ascension): The angular distance of a certain point measured eastward along the celestial equator from the Sun. It is often used in pair with declination. Essentially, R.A. translates into a space equivalent of Longitude.
- (Declination): Declination represents latitude on the celestial sphere. Together with Right Ascension, these two astronomical coordinates serve for specification of the direction of a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system.
- H.R. (Zenithal Hourly Rate): Zenithal Hourly Rate represents the number of “shooting stars” (meteors) that you would expect to see during the peak of the shower. However, the conditions must be perfect. That includes the radiant which must be directly overhead and conditions for observing included limiting magnitude of +6.5. With higher ZHR, you are more likely to see more meteors. However, the ZHR rate is almost always higher than the actual rate that the observers can see. As the radiant approaches the horizon, the rate decreases.
- Train: The consequence of the ionization that burns up the meteor leaves a visible trail behind the body of the meteor. Scientists call this a train.
- Wake: A very short train that lasts less than a second.
- Stream: Earth can encounter a stream of meteoroids in its orbit. The stream is a massive grouping of meteoroids that possess almost identical orbits. This often signals that they originate from the same parent body.
- Trajectory: The three-dimensional line of motion of a meteor in the atmosphere.
- Path: The projection of the trajectory on the celestial sphere of the observer.
- Fusion Crust: The burnt-like surface of the meteorite after it passed the atmosphere. Due to air molecules and ionization, the body gets burnt surface.
- Ablation – The process through which each meteor loses mass as it hurtles through the atmosphere.
- Strewn Field –During the fall, the meteor typically shatters as soon as it hits the ground. This, in turn, scatters a plethora of fragments in the immediate vicinity. The area around the place of the impact where the fragments land dispersed is the strewn field.
If this is not enough and you yearn to learn more, we prepared a page specifically dedicated to meteor facts. There you’ll see what the best conditions for meteor observing are, and how to prepare for the meteor showers.
If you like history and want to trace the gradual development of meteoritics, you can jump right to the page where we discuss the history and origins of meteors and meteorites. If you have any more questions, please consult FAQ where we provided even more answers!


Welcome back to another episode of the POP SHOW starring Anthony C. Ferrante.
Unfortunately, Anthony was not able to join us this week as he is still out shooting SHARKNADO 5. But Ryan Mitchelle is with us again as well as Christopher Allen Smith and myself.
This week we delve deep into the Academy Awards broadcast including the big Oscars flub for Best Picture, how Jimmy Kimmel did and now Oscar winning SUICIDE SQUAD. We also chat about the proposed moon mission by SpaceX where it will send two private citizens around the satellite. Finally we chat about the death of Bill Paxton and his legacy as a great actor.
So sit back and have a listen and please make sure to subscribe to the POP SHOW on iTunes.
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Article: POP SHOW – Episode 42: Oscars and SpaceX’s moon mission


More Double Eclipse images. ”—VOYA Praise for Triple Moon: “A stormy beach read. NASA’s SDO Witnesses a Double Eclipse Early in the morning of Sept. Double Eclipse is double eclipse the debut album released by the American hard rock band Hardline in 1992. Double Eclipse The double eclipse first book, double eclipse Triple Moon, is a great read if you haven&39;t read double eclipse it yet. By Daily Mail Reporter Updated: 15:58 EST, 5 January.
We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! Praise double eclipse for Double Eclipse: “Nudge the Summer on East End series toward Percy Jackson readers who wish it had a little of Cecily von Ziegesar’s Gossip Girl mixed in. DOUBLE ECLIPSE (IRE) DOUBLE ECLIPSE (IRE) is a bay horse. From: 1992 Album: Double Eclipse. See more videos for Double Eclipse. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read Double Eclipse.
The pedigree for DOUBLE ECLIPSE (IRE) is: ELA-MANA-MOU - SOLAC (FR) - GAY LUSSAC (ITY). Click here to view the book trailer Dark Sky, Full Circle An eclipse is coming. The double double eclipse eclipse was captured by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), a satellite designed to monitor the sun and its atmosphere. Double Eclipse is the debut album released by the American hard rock band double eclipse Hardline in 1992. It is also the last album to feature Joey Gioeli.
The photos were taken during an eclipse at sunrise on Decem, and went viral after Chasiotis posted them on Facebook, appearing in the likes of CNN, NBC, and The Sun. An eclipse that will obscure double eclipse the sun and expose the sins of double eclipse four guilty men. Soon after totality, the winds returned and the water again became choppy. Double Eclipse is a Believix strategic/defensive double eclipse spell used by Stella. The Sagittarius eclipses—which began double eclipse with a lunar (full moon) eclipse on J, and wrap double eclipse with a second solar eclipse on Decem—serve us powerful lessons around travel.
Get the best deals for hardline double eclipse at eBay. Hardline&39;s "Double Eclipse" is truly a lost gem for anyone growing up in the 80&39;s listening to hard/hair/glam rock. II is the second album by American hard rock band, Hardline. The double eclipse eclipse came, his tripod and camera were ready, and so was the lake. Environmental studies were already showing the grave impact of tourism on Earth.
The spacecraft double eclipse holds a variety of instruments to image the sun. "Takin&39; Me Down" peaked at No. The first single released from the album was "Takin&39; Me Down", written by Johnny and Joey Gioeli with Neal Schon. Double Eclipse Hardline Rock · 1992 Preview SONG TIME Life&39;s a Bitch. 5:30 PREVIEW Rhythm double eclipse from a Red Car. Provided to YouTube by Universal Music Group Life&39;s A Bitch · Hardline Double Eclipse ℗ 1992 UMG Recordings, Inc.
She creates a star-shaped, double layered shield or a round yellow bubble to defend herself or someone else. Double Eclipse is a Brown Ale - American style beer brewed by Great Flood Brewing Company in Louisville, KY. The sultry sequel to double eclipse Triple Moon from 1 New York Times bestselling author Melissa de la Cruz Twin witches Mardi and Molly Overbrook are back for another summer in North Hampton, and this year they’re serious about two things: avoiding trouble and dedicating themselves to rest and relaxation.
5:30 PREVIEW Rhythm from a Red Car. Covenant of Peace. Entitled Danger Zone, the new album&39;s art features an eclipse to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the debut album Double Eclipse and was released on by Frontiers Records. Available for sale from Wentworth Galleries, Rex Turnbull, Double Eclipse (), Acrylic on Canvas, 101 × 101 cm. This all being said, if this review may contain spoilers for the first book, but I will try to keep them to a minimum (really there probably aren&39;t any at all). View credits, reviews, tracks and shop for the 1992 CD release of Double Eclipse on Discogs.
Double the suspense. When the sky grows dark, they will have come full circle. 1,, NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, caught both Earth and the moon crossing in front of the sun. Product details Package Dimensions : 5. As result Double Eclipse is one of the best melodic rock albums of 90s era.
Released on:Producer: Neal Jose. The owner of DOUBLE ECLIPSE (IRE) is The Middleham Partnership and his current trainer is Mark Johnston. Planet with two moons: double eclipse possible? Overlooked and underappreciated - the band put together a smoking rock double eclipse album that simply went nowhere (or at least not as far as it should have gone). Read this book using Google Play Books app on your double eclipse PC, android, iOS devices. Double Eclipse - Ebook written by Melissa de la Cruz. Discover releases, reviews, credits, songs, and more about Hardline - Double Eclipse at Discogs. The first ballad is track 4 ("Change Of Heart") and Schon&39;s guitar is the highlight here.
”—Booklist “A very entertaining read. He told Insider it was "a truly unforgettable experience" and that he "intentionally chose the coastal area of Al Wakrah, Qatar, so that the horizon would be completely. Score: n/a with 4 ratings and reviews. 37 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in June double eclipse 1992.
Find album reviews, stream songs, credits and award information for Double Eclipse - Hardline on AllMusicNeal Schon&39;s perpetual quest for a heavy metal. He is 28 years old (foaled 13 April 1992). ”—Kirkus double eclipse Reviews. Del Vecchio commented that he had written the lyrics and music for the album with Gioeli&39;s vocals in mind, and sent demos to Frontiers president Serafino. &39;Double Eclipse&39; was originally released in double eclipse 1992 and lead to Hardline touring with such heavy hitters as Van Halen and Mr. Astronomers working with NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft have witnessed an unusal &39;double eclipse&39;, where both Earth and the Moon cross in front of double eclipse the Sun at the same time.
About Double Eclipse The sultry sequel to Triple Moon from 1 New York Times bestselling author Melissa de la Cruz double eclipse Twin witches Mardi and Molly Overbrook are back for another summer in North Hampton, and this year they’re serious about two things: avoiding trouble and dedicating themselves to rest and relaxation. View credits, reviews, tracks and shop for the 1992 Vinyl release of Double Eclipse on Discogs. In my view, it&39;s all the breathtaking and well done material, under condition if you are into such things or if you are not the diehard death metal lovers. Two solid mid tempo rockers start it off with "Life&39;s A Bitch" and "Dr. The 2nd best slow tune is "Can&39;t Find My Way". Double eclipse: The moment the Moon double eclipse AND the International Space Station cross the face of the Sun. Would it be possible double eclipse for an earth-sized planet to have two moons, with the smaller inside the orbit of the larger, and each moon have sufficient apparent diameter to eclipse the parent star and the smaller, inner moon have sufficient apparent diameter to eclipse the larger moon?
Molly’s headed to Aunt Ingrid’s, while Mardi has double eclipse convinced their father, Troy—a. From: 1992 Album: Double Eclipse As for the songs on "Double Eclipse" - standard hard rock formula with a few power ballads kicked in for good measure. Double Eclipse is a stunning combination of magic and powerful Johnny Gioeli&39;s vocals plus the hard rocking Neal&39;s guitar. As with every eclipse, there is a paradox. Last update:.
-> 武士 の 名前 の 付け方
-> 測量 知識


Many of you may not know the latest scientific discoveries which are being done. There are a lot of scientific discoveries and inventions which are being done all-time in the current days. Many papers are being published and copyrights are also being filed regularly for many new discoveries. Among them, some incredible inventions and discoveries do come. There are more numbers of discoveries available in the current scenario which would bring out the wow factor in you. This could make you feel amazing and awesome. Today I’m going list out some of the amazing discoveries dedicated to science.
Table Of Contents
SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES OF 2016-
LANDING A ROCKET VERTICALLY-
Generally, landing a rocket on the planet vertically is felt to be difficult in achieving it. Usually, space agencies like NASA and the European space agency would either dispose of the rockets in oceans or would burn them in the space. But a private agency called SpaceX has successfully landed the rocket vertically on a floating drone ship. This goal was created by the CEO of this agency Elon Musk. This discovery is going to help much in saving the amount of money by making the possibility of reusing of the rockets.
STEM CELL TREATMENT TO MAKE STROKE PATIENTS TO WALK-
It was discovered that the modified human stem cells being injected into the brains of several chronic stroke patients showed out good healing that too little faster than the expected period. It was done as a trial in Stanford University school of Medicine by providing mild anesthesia to the patients. It didn’t show any negative effects except a mild headache. The healing includes mobility of patients who were limited to wheelchairs previously.
EARTH’S SECOND MOON-
NASA scientists discovered a new quasi-satellite of earth. It is an asteroid which is found to be having a stable earth orbit, which makes it as a constant near-Earth companion. Though we cannot see this second satellite, NASA confirmed its existence and named it as 2016 HO3. It is very far from Earth and Sun’s gravitational impact on it is more than the Earth. But it orbits around Earth and follows the orbital path of the Sun. It is smaller than the moon with dimensions around 40-100 meters across.
CARBON DIOXIDE SOLID STONE-
Scientists in Iceland found a method to make the greenhouse effect causing gas known as CO2 into a solid stone. This helps in capturing this gas to enter into the atmosphere which would cause trouble to the atmosphere around the Earth. This is done by pumping this gas into the volcanic rock, which makes it into limestone. Naturally, it takes thousands of years to happen. But they are able to do this in two years.
ETERNAL DATA STORAGE METHOD-
In the University of Southampton, scientists discovered a new way of storing and retrieving data using a Nanostructured glass disk which is very small as an American quarter. It can hold up to 360TB of data which can be written using ultrafast laser through short and intense light pulses.


Y5 Space Centre Trip
7th October 2016
OUR TRIP TO THE SPACE CENTRE, IN LEICESTER!
On Friday the 7th of October 2016, year 5 went to the National Space Centre! At around 9 o clock we boarded the coach. Everyone was excited to arrive. After 1 and a half hours we arrived. Everyone was glad when we got there.
The first thing we did was to eat our lunch. Then we went into the main building. The second thing we did was to go the 2nd floor. It was all about the different types of rockets there has been over the years. We also got to shoot water rockets. Next we went to the 3rd floor. It showed us what toys there had been over the years. We went into a small pod on that floor and we talked to the people on the other side of the wall.
On the top floor we had a look at an old fashion living room .We could also play a game where we landed a rocket on Mars. There was a mini cinema and it showed us about rockets. We also saw a moon that had a quarter cut out and here was a piece of moon in the middle of the model of the moon. Then we went down lots and lots of stairs.
Next we went to the ‘into the space trail’. In the trail we went into a pitch black room. In the room there was multi coloured stars .There was also goggles that if you look into them you could see dozens of stars. Then we went to ‘the forces of the universe trail. ` In there, there was a gigantic telescope and if you looked in it you can see Pluto. There was also a camera where you could change the lens to make you look different. There was also a fact file about each and every planet.
After that, we went to the ‘tranquillity` base. We went on the simulators and we also picked up mini balls and put them in another box. After that we went to the planetarium. It showed us an amazing 3-d movie all about training to go to space and what it’s like going to space.
IT WAS THE BEST SCHOOL TRIP EVER!
By Bobbie and Freya


Light, plastic, electronics
30″ x 30″ x 30″
This piece describes the warping paths of light as they travel through the fabric of Spacetime near massive bodies. The curves of Spacetime are caused by the presence of matter, and the distortions are more pronounced around massive bodies. Such distortions cause it to appear as if light is being warped as it approaches massive bodies, however the light is actually traveling in a straight line through a warped Spacetime.


Introducing the Starry Sky Projection Pendant Light, a captivating lighting fixture that effortlessly elevates your interior design to new levels of enchantment and celestial beauty. This innovative pendant light combines the allure of a starry night with the magic of projection technology, creating a statement piece that exudes wonder and awe.
The mesmerizing design of the Starry Sky Projection Pendant Light showcases a sleek and elegant pendant housing a powerful projection system. With a simple flick of a switch, the pendant comes alive, projecting a breathtaking display of stars and constellations onto your ceiling or walls. The room is instantly transformed into a celestial wonderland, creating a serene and magical ambiance.
Whether installed in a nursery, a bedroom, or a cozy reading nook, this pendant light becomes the centerpiece that captivates attention and enhances your design. The projection of a starry sky adds a touch of whimsy and serenity, infusing your space with a sense of tranquility and enchantment.
The Starry Sky Projection Pendant Light not only enhances the aesthetics of your space but also provides a captivating lighting experience. The soft and diffused illumination creates a soothing and dreamy atmosphere, perfect for relaxation or creating a cozy ambiance. The projection feature allows you to customize the intensity and color of the stars, creating a personalized celestial experience.
Elevate your interior design with the Starry Sky Projection Pendant Light and immerse yourself in the captivating beauty it brings to your home. Experience the perfect fusion of wonder and technology, and let this pendant light become the centerpiece that transports you to the enchanting depths of the cosmos, leaving a lasting impression on all who behold its celestial projection.
- Materials: Metal, Stainless Steel
- Voltage: 90-260V
- Light Source: LED
- Lighting Area: 5-10 square meters
- Base Type: LED
- Installation Type: Cord Pendant
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The default light color is Warm White
You can let me know if you prefer Neutral Light or Cold Light and I will send it to you accordingly.


Begins: Fri, 10 Jan , Maximum: Fri, 10 Jan , The animation shows what the eclipse approximately looks like in Rome.
Eclipses During 12222
Stages and times of the eclipse are outlined below. All times are local time CET for Rome.
During this penumbral lunar eclipse , the Earth's main shadow does not cover the Moon. As the Earth's shadow umbra misses the Moon during a penumbral lunar eclipse, there are no other locations on Earth where the Moon appears partially or totally eclipsed during this event.
- numerology by full date of birth 20 march.
- Lunar Eclipse Dates?
- pisces astrological stone.
A penumbral lunar eclipse can be a bit hard to see as the shadowed part is only a little bit fainter than the rest of the Moon. Rome Eclipse Countdown. Note: Click on the date link for details in Rome, or the path map image for global details. Currently shown eclipse is highlighted.creatoranswers.com/modules/gregg/hoteles-para-solteros-en-menorca.php
Your Guide to Lunar & Solar Eclipses in and How They’ll Affect Your Life
All rights reserved. The letters L Lunar and S Solar are included with the Saros numbers to help distinguish the series that the eclipse belongs with. The Nodal Family is directly linked with the Saros Series.
The North and South represent the node that the eclipse series originates from. The crescent is actually the Sun being eclipsed by the Moon during a solar eclipse, while the pinkish round circle is the Full Moon during a total lunar eclipse.
To adjust the times for your timezone, add or subtract the number of hours your timezone is from 0 UT. If you live in the western hemisphere mostly the Americas you would subtract the number of hours from the time shown on the table. Most of the eastern hemisphere will add hours to the time shown in the table. This may include personalizing content and advertising.


The Astrophysics Research Group was established at Liverpool John Moores University in February 1992. Since then it has grown to its present size of over 40 individuals with further rapid expansion planned. During this period it has attracted significant PPARC and EU grants and was one of only two university physics departments in the UK to show an improvement of 3 grades between the 1992 and 1996 national Research Assessment Exercises. In August 2000 the Astrophysics Research Institute became an independent department within the University. An Advisory Board, including senior university staff and external representatives, provides guidance to the Institute from a wider perspective.
Current research spans topics in stellar astronomy including novae and related stars; regions of star formation; brown dwarfs, extra-solar planets and the environments of Be stars. Work in the area of extragalactic astronomy and cosmology encompasses galactic dynamics; interacting and merging galaxies; the evolution of galaxies, and large-scale structure.
The Institute houses a node of the STARLINK system for data reduction and analysis. It also holds a PPARC PATT rolling grant to fund travel for observational work at telescopes around the world and a PPARC Visiting Fellows grant to enable collaborators to spend extended periods working within the Institute. Postdoctoral Fellows, Research Assistants, Research Students and technical and secretarial staff are funded by PPARC grants or University (RAE) research funds.
A major initiative that the Institute is involved in is the Liverpool Telescope project funded in part by an EU grant. Project partners are PPARC, the National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside, and Merseyside industry. Our primary aim is to re-establish the UK's ability to build large optical telescopes, and to base the enterprise in the Merseyside region. The prototype instrument, the 2m Liverpool Telescope, will be the World's largest robotic telescope, and will be in full scientific operation on La Palma in the Canaries in 2003. The Institute will be responsible for running this telescope, and will have a significant amount of guaranteed time in which to conduct observing programmes. The telescope, and its successors, will be built on Merseyside by a subsidiary company of JMU, Telescope Technologies Limited.
Members of the Institute are also involved with Physics with Astronomy B.Sc. and Astrophysics M.Phys. degrees in conjuction with the University of Liverpool Physics Department, a variety of distance learning programmes and the National Schools' Observatory. In the recent QAA teaching quality assessment exercise conducted together with the Physics Department of the University of Liverpool we were awarded a maximum TQA score of 24 out of 24.


Your objective: the planet Spes, reported to be as habitable as Earth. During this voyage that will last several millennia, the crew of the Black Angel, composed solely of robots, will be co-managed by several artificial intelligences (AIs).
You play as one of these AIs. You must make the most of the robots and resources under your control, explore Space, escape the formidable Ravagers, and learn to use new technologies discovered through contact with benevolent Alien species. Once you have obtained your objective, the AI that has earned the best score will have the privilege of overseeing the reawakening of Humanity….


Things From Outer Space Hank Davis
The universe is a large place full of wondrous and unimaginable things. From the publisher's website:-. NASA has brought us out of this world ever since it was founded in 1958, but did you know it helped invent many of the things in this world? It's called The Awful Green Things From Outer Space. The Awful Green Things From Outer Space. The Awful Green Things from Outer Space is played in alternating turns. Rate of flow of radio waves) of electromagnetic radiation received from outer space. Awful Green Things From Outer Space. Read book reviews & excerpts, watch author videos & more. Find out more about Things From Outer Space by Hank Davis at Simon & Schuster. Buy Dinosaurs, Diamonds and Things from Outer Space: The Great Extinction by David Brez Carlisle (ISBN: 9780804724944) from Amazon's Book Store. Features pictures, description, ordering information, and answers to questions about the rules. The Awful Green Things From OuterSpace (Steve Jackson English Edition 2011) 2011. 'In this wacky two-player game, one player controls the Awful Green Things.


Recent data has suggested that about twenty percent of stars in the Milky Way have a planet that
is roughly earth sized and orbits in the habitable zone. This zone is the distance from the star where
liquid water can exist, meaning that twenty percent of the stars in our galaxy could have life. This
has enormous implications. One hundred billion stars exist in our galaxy, meaning twenty billion
could potentially have life bearing planets. Despite that many more things are required for life to
succeed on a planet as we know it, such as a magnetosphere, this still means that there could be
billions of planets out there that are habitable. In terms of ourselves, this can spur future space
Exploration, along with proving to people that life almost certainly exist off of our planet.


Aggregation and fragmentation in granular mixtures
Anna Bodrova, Moscow State University
Granular materials, such as gravel sand or different types of powders, are ubiquitous in nature and widely used in industry. Rarified granular systems, where the volume of a solid phase is small as compared to the total volume, are termed as granular gases. In the Earth conditions these may be obtained by placing granular matter into a container with vibrating or rotating walls, applying electrostatic or magnetic forces etc. Extraterrestrial granular gases are also common. Many astrophysical objects, like protoplanetary discs, Planetary Rings and interstellar dust clouds contain granular gases as one of the important component.
Granular materials represent a polydisperse mixture of grains of different mass and size. We investigate size and kinetic energy distribution in granular mixtures, arising due to interplay of aggregation and fragmentation of granular particles. We also discuss application of our theory to dense planetary rings and compare our results with data, available from the observations.


The Super Blood Wolf Moon seen from Burnley, Lancashire , January 2019. High-quality photo print in sizes: 8.3 x 11.7in (A4) 11.7 x 16.5in (A3) 13 x 19in (A3+)
It was difficult to get a shot of the moon between the tree branches, after couple missed shots finally I got it . All done with Nikon D7200 with Nikon AF-P 70-300mm.
Moon Over North West England. Lancashire. August 2016.


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Lyapunov-based low-energy low-thrust transfers to the Moon
Pérez-Palau, Daniel (1)
Tipo de Ítem:Articulo Revista Indexada
This paper investigates the numerical computation of low-fuel low-thrust Earth-Moon transfers in a full ephemeris model incorporating the gravitational influence of the Sun, the Moon and all planets of the solar system plus the solar radiation pressure perturbation based on a sample spacecraft area and mass. First, an initial velocity increment to be provided by the launcher is computed. This initial impulse puts the spacecraft on the counterpart in the full ephemeris model of a stable invariant manifold defined in the Sun-Earth Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem. Then, after a coast arc, a closed-loop thrust law is applied to bring the spacecraft to the target lunar orbit. This control law is based on Lyapunov control theory. More precisely, a control-Lyapunov function is defined as the weighted quadratic distance between the first five equinoctial orbital elements of the spacecraft in a Moon-centered reference frame and those defining the target lunar orbit. The control is computed in such a way so as to make the time derivative of the control-Lyapunov function as negative as possible. Numerical results are provided first for a transfer with constant maximum thrust. Then, it is shown that unlike in the case of an open loop control, concentrating the thrust in the vicinity of the perilune and the apolune increases the transfer duration but without reducing the fuel consumption. This is largely due to the uncontrolled effect of the perturbations acting on the spacecraft during the coast arcs. Finally, the robustness of the guidance law against unexpected engine shutdown events is demonstrated.
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There have been many technical advances that have greatly afflicted America just like computers, cell phones and even satellite services. But , I think the most important of all technical advances is the space software. Without the technology gained from our space system, all the other things would have hardly ever happened or perhaps would have considered a lot longer to become developed.
All this began back in the 1950's with the launch of the Russian satellite Sputnik. Ahead of that most Americans assumed which the United States was superior to other countries in regards to technology. With Russia evidently becoming the best choice in space exploration, Congress passed the National Defense Education Work (NDEA). To assist ensure that experienced individuals can be available to support America take on the Soviet Union in scientific and technical areas, the NDEA included support for financial loans to college students, the improvement of science, mathematics, and language instruction in elementary and secondary schools, graduate fellowships, foreign language and area studies, and vocational-technical training. (ED. gov, em virtude de 7, 2008) In response to Russia's noticeable lead in neuro-scientific space pursuit, America introduced their initially satellite, a scientific satellite television called Explorer 1, about January 31, 1958. (Garber, 2007) In December 18, 1958 the first American communication satellite, Project Report was launched. It relayed a Christmas meaning to the globe from President Eisenhower. (Martin, ) That same season also saw the formation with the National Airline and Space Administration (NASA). This period of time is now known as the Space Contest. During the Space Race, technology in the domains of aerospace engineering and electronic conversation made wonderful advances. The consequence of the Space Contest however , went beyond technology and marketing communications and afflicted the every day lives of american citizens. With the start space era technology came what are today commonplace...
Recommendations: Garber, T (2007) Sputnik and the start of the space age. Retrieved April twenty-two, 2008 by
Guillemette, R (no date) Sputnik as well as the crisis that followed. Recovered April 3, 2008 coming from
Martin, Deb (2001) A history of U. S. armed forces satellite conversation systems. Retrieved April 25,
2008 from http://www aero. org/publications/crossling/winter2002/01. html
The federal role in education (2008) Retrieved 04 24, 08 from
http://www. male impotence. gov/about/overview/fed/role. html code


Humans have always been fascinated by the Universe, but only a few have been daring enough to travel beyond the Earth. From venturing into space for the first time to building the International Space Station in orbit, the history of space exploration is filled with peril, bravery and strokes of genius.
Join spaceflight expert Libby Jackson as she reveals the very best true stories of humankind’s thrilling journey to the stars. Grab your space suit and jump aboard – it’s time for an astronautical adventure!
Space Explorers! is particularly suitable for children aged eight to 14 years old.
This event is hosted live on Zoom Webinar. You’ll receive a link to join a couple of days before the event takes place and a reminder an hour before. During the event, you can ask questions via a Q&A function but audience cameras and microphones will remain muted throughout.
Image credit: Wren and Rook
You can buy copies of many of our speakers’ books from Fox Lane Books, a local independent bookseller and Festival partner. In some cases, author signed bookplates are available too.
About the speaker
Libby Jackson is one of Britain’s leading experts in human spaceflight, having spent over a decade working at the forefront of the field. Space was a childhood passion and after completing degrees in physics at Imperial College and astronautics and space engineering at Cranfield University, she has worked in the space industry ever since.
Libby spent seven years working at the European Space Agency’s Mission Control for the International Space Station in a number of roles including her dream job as a Columbus Flight Director. She played a key role in Tim Peake’s mission to the International Space Station and continues to work in the field. She is a frequent contributor on television and radio, including Stargazing Live, The Big Think: Should We Go To Mars? and Astronauts: Do You Have What It Takes? Libby is passionate about sharing stories of human spaceflight and encouraging young people to follow their passions in life. Her first book, A Galaxy of Her Own: Amazing Stories of Women in Space was published in 2017. Space Explorers: 25 Extraordinary Stories of Space Exploration and Adventure was published in September 2020 with Wren and Rook.


A mash-up of memories from a great trip. Next time I’ll be shooting for a prettier, less disorganised video..
This was Mad Nomad Astrophotography in the Sahara with Sam Cornwell. A tiny group of fantastic people who planned a really diverse and stunning route from Marrakech, through the Atlas Mountains to the Sahara and back, in a couple of 4x4s. I was lucky enough to come along for their first trip where I met wonderful people, saw some truly mind-widening sights in the mountains, the desert and the night sky.
Part of the trip was staying in the Saraha Sky Observatory where we saw some incredible parts of space through specialist telescopes, and even used them to take photographs.
I learnt a lot. Not just about photography and astronomy but about the land, the people and their lives, as well as my own. I also learnt that camels bloody love to drink Coke and will produce a most spectacular burp afterwards.
They’ve got more trips lined up, see their website for details: www.madnomadgallery.co.uk


At the end of the year I lamented that I didn’t feel like I got on my bike enough in 2013. I clocked in a total of 3,184.38 miles, which was exactly 1,815.62 miles less than last 2012 (in which I went out on New Year’s Eve to cap off precisely 5,000 miles).
I’m not a person who makes resolutions (or rather, I don’t make resolutions on only one day out of the year), but my brother suggested I attempt to circumnavigate the moon by bike.
6,784 miles around the moon / 365 days in the year = 18.59 miles a day, which is over twice my average commute. Considering that takes about 15 minutes, this seems rather do-able.
Even if I don’t make it all the way around the moon, hopping from crater to crater seems like a fun challenge for anyone. Plus, maybe there’s a chance to learn something, too. Continue reading ›


Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) is a grid computing platform that lets you contribute the unused compute power of your PCs and mobile devices to various research and scientific projects. The client software is available for Linux, Windows, Android, macOS and other platforms and it supports GPU computing on NVIDIA, AMD and Intel GPUs.
The amount of compute power you donate is publicly tracked and you can compete in various leader-boards. I initially began be contributing to the SETI project (the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence). Here’s the national leader-board for Guyana for the SETI@Home project. Compute power you donate to SETI@Home is used to analyze data from radio telescopes all over the world looking for low bandwidth radio waves from space that could signal the existence of technology capable of creating such waves, which we assume would be developed by an extra-terrestrial alien intelligence.
However, I’ve since discovered quite a few other projects that reward far more credits per work unit than SETI does and I’ve been spending time contributing to those projects quite a bit in recent weeks. Admittedly, I don’t concern myself much with the science of the particular projects. For better or worse, I’m really just in it for the credits.
My BOINC Combined Stats
Here are some useful tips (in no particular order) from the message boards of various projects and elsewhere. These threads have helped me put together my current BOINC config.


Elon Musk will attack Mars from seaport, not Earth, SpaceX announces the creation of seaport Deimos
Elon Musk Spacex Starship Mars Launch: SpaceX CEO Elon Musk has announced that his Starship will leave for Mars next year. The funny thing is that this starship will not leave from the earth. Musk wants to build a city on Mars.
The world's top industrialist Elon Musk, who is dreaming of setting up a city on Mars, has announced that this dangerous journey to the Red Planet will not start from the earth but from the sea. Musk has shared with the world his plans to launch his SpaceX Starship rocket. Elon Musk is building a 'seaport' under the sea. The name of this seaport has been given Deimos.
Musk's company SpaceX has started construction of this Seaport Deimos and will launch Starship from it in 2022. Along with Deimos, the construction of a rig Phobos has also started. Both of these are being built at Brownsville Port. Musk tweeted that the maritime seaport Deimos is under construction and will be launched next year.
Plans to make seaport in other parts of the world also
This seaport is located near SpaceX's Starbase, Texas. SpaceX has bought oil rigs that are no longer in use. Musk plans to build such seaports in other parts of the world as well. Earlier, Musk's dream took flight when his starship successfully landed on Earth after taking off in space.
Musk had recently expressed hope that he would be able to fulfill his dream of establishing a human settlement on Mars. He wants hundreds of starships to travel to the Red Planet. Musk has announced the establishment of human settlements on Mars before a possible third world war. He said that in this city to be built on Mars, everything will operate automatically. Elon Musk announced plans to settle on Mars at the Mars Society's virtual conference. Earlier, Musk said that his goal is to land a man on Mars by the year 2026.
'If man does not go to Mars as soon as possible, then there is a crisis on the existence of humanity'
He has also warned that if humans do not go to Mars as soon as possible, then the existence of humanity may be in danger. Musk said at the conference, "I think it's very helpful to set a goal to build a self-powered city on Mars." Our aim should not be a few people or a base, but a self-run city. He said that it is necessary to test whether the human settlement on Mars will end if the supply from Earth is stopped for some reason or nuclear destruction occurs. Musk said that if this happens, we are not in a safe place.


Some milestones in the history of manned space flight are fairly well-known. For instance, most people with even a basic interest in this subject know that Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first humans to walk on the moon.
Such achievements garner attention because they deserve it. However, it’s also important to remember that focusing solely on these milestones can allow us to overlook other major events in the history of the world’s space programs.
The following are a few worth learning about. While you shouldn’t forget about folks like Armstrong and Aldrin, you should also remember the people involved in these significant achievements.
The History of Manned Space Flight: 3 Milestones Worth Knowing About
The Subsequent Apollo Missions
Again, you probably already know that Apollo 11 landed on the moon. Thanks to Hollywood, you might also understand that the Apollo 13 mission later suffered a major disaster that nearly claimed the lives of all astronauts onboard.
That said, it’s worth noting that other Apollo missions followed. For example, on Apollo 14, astronauts broadcast the first color TV images from the surface of the moon, and they conducted the first ever materials experiments in space.
The astronauts on the Apollo 15 mission spent three days on the moon. This was the first extended stay on the lunar surface. It was also the first mission that featured the use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle.
Once more, none of these points are to dismiss the significance of the first moon landing. They merely serve as reminders that the Apollo program continued long after Neil Armstrong took those first historic steps.
Anyone who even casually studies the history of manned space flight knows that astronauts don’t just take pictures when they’re up in space. They use these opportunities to conduct a wide range of experiments as well.
That’s what makes Spacelab such an important achievement. In 1983, the crew of the space shuttle Columbia used it for the first time. As a reusable laboratory in space (hence the name), Spacelab facilitated numerous experiments in fields ranging from basic Earth observation to plasma physics. Although Spacelab is no longer in use, as the first lab of its kind, it paved the way for many others to come.
Svetlana Savitskaya’s EVA
Extravehicular activity (EVA) involves leaving the safety of a space shuttle or space station to conduct some sort of work outside the craft. Most people call EVAs space walks, but astronauts do much more than simply fly around outside during these jaunts.
On July 29, 1984, Svetlana Savitskaya became the first woman to perform an EVA. This is worth including on the list for a few reasons. One, although many Americans know about Sally Ride, it’s important to consider how other women also achieved breakthroughs that helped females earn more respect and attention in the field of manned space flight. Additionally, it’s also crucial to remember that Americans are not the only ones to achieve manned space flight breakthroughs in general. After all, Svetlana Savitskaya hailed from the Soviet Union.
Once more, the commonly-known space missions involving humans still deserve attention. It’s simply smart to remember that Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were not the only important astronauts. As these stories about the history of manned space flight prove, many have played significant roles.


Russell Brand Messiah Complex
Russell Brand Messiah Complex
In this composite image of spiral galaxy M106 (NGC 4258), optical data from the Digitized Sky Survey is shown as yellow, radio data from the Very Large Array appears as purple, X-ray data from Chandra is coded blue, and infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope appears red. Two anomalous arms, which aren’t visible at optical wavelengths, appear as purple and blue emission.
Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech; X-ray: CXC/Univ. of Maryland/A.S. Wilson et al.; Optical: Pal.Obs. DSS; IR: VLA: NRAO/AUI/NSF
Hey, you feel like going to Mars today? Climb on top of a dune in Gale Crater’s “Dingo Gap” with Mars Curiosity, via Andrew Bornov’s latest interactive Mars panorama. Adam Mann has more info on what you’re looking at over at Wired.
If you’re on a non-mobile device, I’ve embedded it below. If you ARE on a mobile device, click here, and you’re in for a special augmented reality treat!
Black Holes Heated Early Universe Slower Than Previously Thought
Black holes acting as companions to early stars may have taken more time to raise the temperature of the ancient universe than previously thought, a new study suggests.
Scientists found that the energy streaming from these early pairings took longer to raise the temperature of the universe, which means astronomers could detect signs of the heating process previously thought to be out of bounds. Two cosmic milestones occurred in the universe a few hundred million years after the Big Bang— dominating hydrogen gas was both heated and made transparent.
Mariner 10’s First Close-Up Photo of Venus
On Feb. 5, 1974, NASA’s Mariner 10 mission took this first close-up photo of Venus.
Made using an ultraviolet filter in its imaging system, the photo has been color-enhanced to bring out Venus’s cloudy atmosphere as the human eye would see it. Venus is perpetually blanketed by a thick veil of clouds high in carbon dioxide and its surface temperature approaches 900 degrees Fahrenheit.
Launched on Nov. 3, 1973 atop an Atlas-Centaur rocket, Mariner 10 flew by Venus in 1974.
Image Credit: NASA
The Sombrero Galaxy in Infrared One of the largest galaxies in the nearby Virgo Cluster of Galaxies. The dark band of dust that obscures the mid-section of the Sombrero Galaxy in optical light actually glows brightly in infrared light. The above image, digitally sharpened, shows the infrared glow, recently recorded by the orbiting Spitzer Space Telescope
International Space Station Silhouetted against The Moon
As young stars form, they often produce narrow high-speed jets from their poles. By astronomical standards, these fountains are dense, narrowly collimated, and quickly changing. The jets have been measured at velocities greater than 200 km/s and Mach numbers as high as 20. The animation above (which you should watch in its full and glorious resolution here) is a numerical simulation of a protostellar jet. Every few decades the source star releases a new pulse, which expands, cools, and becomes unstable as it travels away from the star. Models like these, combined with observations from telescopes like Hubble, help astronomers unravel how and why these jets form. (Image credit: J. Stone and M. Norman)
ETA: As it happens, the APOD today is also about protostellar jets, so check that out for an image of the real thing. Thanks, jshoer!
Gaia comes into focus
ESA’s billion-star surveyor Gaia is slowly being brought into focus. This test image shows a dense cluster of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of our Milky Way.
Once Gaia starts making routine measurements, it will generate truly enormous amounts of data. To maximise the key science of the mission, only small ‘cut-outs’ centred on each of the stars it detects will be sent back to Earth for analysis.
This test picture, taken as part of commissioning the mission to ‘fine tune’ the behaviour of the instruments, is one of the first proper ‘images’ to be seen from Gaia, but ironically, it will also be one of the last, as Gaia’s main scientific operational mode does not involve sending full images back to Earth.
Gaia was launched on 19 December 2013, and is orbiting around a virtual point in space called L2, 1.5 million kilometres from Earth.
Gaia’s goal is to create the most accurate map yet of the Milky Way. It will make precise measurements of the positions and motions of about 1% of the total population of roughly 100 billion stars in our home Galaxy to help answer questions about its origin and evolution.
Repeatedly scanning the sky, Gaia will observe each of its billion stars an average of 70 times each over five years. In addition to positions and motions, Gaia will also measure key physical properties of each star, including its brightness, temperature and chemical composition.
Image credit: ESA/DPAC/Airbus DS
Planning for NASA’s 2020 Mars rover envisions a basic structure that capitalizes on re-using the design and engineering work done for the NASA rover Curiosity, which landed on Mars in 2012, but with new science instruments selected through competition for accomplishing different science objectives with the 2020 mission.


While many children grow up dreaming of becoming an astronaut, very few people see this dream become a reality.
This week, the European Space Agency (ESA) announced its first new cohort of astronauts in almost 15 years.
The new astronauts have some impressive credentials to their names and include a former Paralympian, a helicopter test pilot, and a neuroscientist.
So, would you have what it takes to become a professional astronaut? Here, MailOnline reveals the key criteria needed to be considered by ESA.
Would you have what it takes to become a professional astronaut? Here, MailOnline reveals the key criteria needed to be considered by ESA
Meet ESA’s new cohort of astronauts
- Rosemary Coogan – UK
- Sophie Adenot – France
- Pablo Álvarez Fernández – Spain
- Raphaël Liégeois – Belgium
- Marco Sieber – Switzerland
- Meganne Christian – UK
- Nicola Winter – Germany
- Marcus Wandt – Sweden
- Anthea Comellini – Italy
- Sara García Alonso – Spain
- Andrea Patassa – Italy
- Carmen Possnig – Austria
- Arnaud Prost – France
- Amelie Schoenenwald – Germany
- Aleš Svoboda – Czech Republic
- Sławosz Uznański – Poland
Astronaut with a physical disability
From more than 22,500 applicants, ESA selected five career astronauts, 11 astronaut reserves and one ‘parastronaut’.
‘Today we welcome the 17 members of the new ESA astronaut class 2022,’ said ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher.
‘This ESA astronaut class is bringing ambition, talent and diversity in many different forms – to drive our endeavours, and our future.’
ESA describes itself as an ‘equal opportunities employer’, and says that ‘anyone who meets the requirements’ can apply.
However, its requirements aren’t exactly straightforward.
ESA will only consider applications from nationals of an ESA Member State or Associated Member State.
These are: Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom plus Slovenia, Latvia and Lithuania.
Applicants must have a minimum of a Master’s degree from a recognised academic institution in natural sciences, medicine, engineering or mathematics/computer sciences.
They must then have at least three years of professional experience under their belt after graduation.
‘A PhD or equivalent degree, or additional Master’s degrees in the aforementioned subject areas, are considered an asset,’ ESA explains.
Alternatively, applicants can have a degree as an Experimental Test Pilot and/or Test Engineer.
This week, the European Space Agency (ESA) announced its first new cohort of astronauts in almost 15 years
Shooting for the stars: Three Britons – including the first ever ‘parastronaut’ – are among the European Space Agency’s first new cohort of astronauts in almost 15 years. John McFall (pictured), Rosemary Coogan and Meganne Christian have been named in a class of 17
Applicants must meet a range of requirements to be considered. This includes:
- Willing to perform arduous physical activities, including walking, running, heavy lifting and crawling
- Willing to submit to a swimming test
- Willing to undergo zero gravity flight training
- Willing to spend extended time training underwater to simulate microgravity
- Possess a valid driving licence, or be willing to obtain one
- Able to work in a team
- Experience in risky situations
Members of ESA’s new class of astronauts Meganne Christian (second left), John McFall (second right) and Rosemary Coogan (right) pose with astronaut Major Tim Peake (left)
Applicants must be able to speak and write English well, while good knowledge of another foreign language is ‘a plus’.
‘Speaking Russian is an asset, but not a requirement. This is the second official language on the International Space Station and is taught during the astronaut training,’ ESA explained.
Unfortunately for older aspiring astronauts, ESA has a maximum age limit.
‘Every space mission represents an extremely high investment for all stakeholders involved,’ it explains on its website.
‘For this reason, and to ensure that each recruited astronaut can fulfil at least two missions during their employment with ESA prior to retirement, ESA is obliged to set a maximum age limit of 50 years.’
Unsurprisingly, you need to be in top condition to be an ESA astronaut. Pictured: Tim Peake prior to boarding the Soyuz TMA-19M rocket for launch Expedition 46 to the International Space Station in 2015
Unsurprisingly, you need to be in top condition to be an ESA astronaut.
‘Being an astronaut is extremely demanding on the body and mind, with long periods away from family and friends, high workload and irregular working hours and with routines beyond the comfort zone,’ ESA says.
‘The wellbeing of the astronaut, alongside that of the whole team, is the condition for the success of each mission.’
Applicants must be free from any disease or psychiatric disorders, demonstrate cognitive, mental and personality capabilities, and have 20/20 vision either naturally or after correction with glasses or contact lenses.
Any hearing impairment is also not allowed, ‘to ensure communication over radio with the ground for safety reasons.’
ESA also has strict height requirements for astronauts, who must measure between 150cm and 190cm tall (4ft 11′ and 6ft 2.8′).
However, for this round of applicants, ESA opened up the opportunity for people shorter than 130cm (4ft 3′) for the first time, for its ‘astronaut with a physical disability’ vacancy.
PARASTRONAUT: ESA SEARCHING FOR DIFFERENTLY ABLED CANDIDATE
The European Space Agency is looking for a parastronaut that could travel to the ISS in the future.
The person selected will join the reserve crew while ESA work with partners to find a safe way to travel.
Individuals with missing feet or lower legs, either from amputation or birth defects, are eligible, as too are people who are shorter than 130 cm (4ft 3in).
Tim Peake says he ‘wouldn’t have any reservations travelling to space with someone with disabilities’.
ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti said we ‘didn’t evolve to be in space’.
She said we’re ‘all disabled in space’ and it is just a case of perfecting the technology to take candidates who would otherwise be selected to be an astronaut if it were not for a disability.


- What was the first alien movie?
- Is Hugo a true story?
- What is the movie A Trip to the Moon about?
- Where was it came from outer space filmed?
- Where was Invaders from Mars filmed?
- What was the movie A Trip to Mars about?
- Has a movie ever been filmed in space?
- How do I find a movie if I only remember a scene?
- How do I identify a movie?
- How do you find old movies?
- What happened in the 1990s in NASA?
- What space shuttle was launched in 1992?
- What was launched into space in 1990?
- What killed the Apollo 13 astronauts?
- What did the Apollo 13 movie get wrong?
- Is Event Horizon related to hellraiser?
- What is the best outer space movie?
- What space movies get wrong?
- Who produced Cosmic Slop?
Similarly, What major space movie came out in 1992?
Outer Space Gayniggers (1992)
Also, it is asked, What outer space movie came out in 1882?
It arrived from the furthest reaches of the universe.
Secondly, What is the most realistic space movie?
Three of the Most Scientifically Correct Science Fiction Space Films The Martian is a fictional character (2015) The Martian’s production staff, as well as the book’s author Andy Weir, went to tremendous lengths to be scientifically correct. Interstellar travel (2014) When it comes to visual effects, Interstellar is recognized for being very realistic. Make contact with (1997)
Also, What is the movie Cosmic Slop about?
“Space Traders,” “The First Commandment,” and “Tang” are three short stories that look at current societal concerns. Synopsis of the film Cosmic Slop
People also ask, What were the last words of the Columbia crew?
“Roger, uh, buh.” responded Husband, apparently in response to a tire alert confirmation from mission control, at 8:59:32 a.m. The shuttle was about 38 miles over Central Texas at the time, moving at roughly 18 times the speed of sound.
Related Questions and Answers
What was the first alien movie?
Aliens are aliens (1979)
Is Hugo a true story?
Hugo is a completely made-up character. Georges Méliès had two marriages, the first of them was Eugénie, whom he married during the period he was making films (and who died in 1913). Second, they did not marry until 1925, Jeanne d’Alcy. Eugénie is absent from the picture, while Jeanne is shown as a hybrid of both of his marriages.
What is the movie A Trip to the Moon about?
A team of astronomers embarks on a mission to the Moon. Synopsis of the film A Trip to the Moon
Where was it came from outer space filmed?
It Came from Outer Space, which is set in the fictional town of Sand Rock, Arizona, was actually shot on location in and around the California cities of Palmdale and Victorville, as well as the Mojave Desert.
Where was Invaders from Mars filmed?
0:0016:03 Today we’re at Malibu Creek State Park, looking at the places where Toby Hooper’s 1986 film was shot. More We’re at Malibu Creek State Park today, seeing the shooting sites for Toby Hooper’s 1986 picture Invaders from Mars, which is essentially a remake of a 1953 film.
What was the movie A Trip to Mars about?
A group of Earth scientists go to Mars in a spacecraft, where they discover a peaceful vegetarian and pacifist civilisation. A group of Earth scientists go to Mars in a spacecraft, where they discover a peaceful vegetarian and pacifist civilisation.
Has a movie ever been filmed in space?
Apogee of Fear is a science fiction short film released in 2012 that is the first narrative fiction film shot entirely in space.
How do I find a movie if I only remember a scene?
Search IMDb for what you remember about the narrative, characters, directors, and anything else you can think of. Make your search as straightforward as possible. IMDb, unlike “What is my movie,” does not react well to complex statements or guesses, so stick to simple terms. Follow these steps to use our IMDb search hack (described below):
How do I identify a movie?
The software utilizes Shazam-like technology to recognize movie sequences and then locate items in those moments so you can purchase them right away.
How do you find old movies?
The 10 Best Apps and Websites for Watching Classic Films Turner Classic Movies is a channel that broadcasts classic films. Pluto TV is a television channel that broadcasts on Pluto. Shout Factory is a place where you can make noise. The Criterion Channel is a cable channel that broadcasts films from the Criterion National Streaming Room, Library of Congress. Netflix. Movies from the past that are both ancient and new. The Film Investigator.
What happened in the 1990s in NASA?
Columbia, the first reusable Space Shuttle, is launched into space. Until TDRS became operational later in the decade, Shuttle crew communicated through the Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network (STDN). The Space Transportation System 6 (STS-6) Space Shuttle mission places TDRS-1 into orbit.
What space shuttle was launched in 1992?
Endeavour, the Space Shuttle
What was launched into space in 1990?
The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope that was launched in 1990.
What killed the Apollo 13 astronauts?
The Apollo 13 moon landing mission was NASA’s third, but the crew never made it to the lunar surface. An oxygen tank explosion about 56 hours into the trip caused the crew to abandon all hopes of reaching the moon during the mission’s dramatic chain of events.
What did the Apollo 13 movie get wrong?
However, we witness the moon move through multiple phases throughout that brief voyage. This is a beautiful touch, but it’s completely incorrect. The moon takes a full 28 days to go through its phases. On the four-day journey, there would only be one phase of the moon, as shown in the film.
When it placed horror in space, Event Horizon was definitely inspired by Hellraiser, but it could also live in the same world, with many parallels.
What is the best outer space movie?
Here are the top 12 space films. Interstellar travel (2014) The globe is submerged in knee-high water when the explorers arrive. the moon (2009) Proximity (2019) A Space Odyssey is a science fiction film that was released in 2001. (1968) Hidden Figures is a film about a group of women (2016) Apollo 13 is a spacecraft that was launched into (1995) The Good Stuff (1983) The Martian is a fictional character (2015)
What space movies get wrong?
2 Gravity Won’t Yank You Out of Orbit Like a Magnet5 Things Movies Always Get Wrong About Space 3 Stars Will Not Pass You By (No Matter How Fast You’re Traveling) 4 Space Dogfights Wouldn’t Look Like That. 5 Space Explosions That Don’t Look That Bad (But Are Even More Dangerous)
Who produced Cosmic Slop?
Funkadelic was founded by George Clinton.
“What space movie came out in 1993?” is a question that has been asked many times. The answer is “The Right Stuff”.
This Video Should Help:
The “space movie 1992 tik tok” is a film that was released in 1992. It’s about two children who get lost in space and must find their way home.
- space movie 1992 meme
- space movie from 1992 reddit
- what space movie came out in 1995
- what space movie came out in 1996
- space movie 1992 rotten tomatoes


Could we someday really visit the “real” planet Vulcan?
Although “Star Trek”‘s ‘planet Vulcan’ happens to be fictional, real-life astronomers have just announced that they have indeed found a ‘Class M’ Earth-like planet — right where Vulcan is supposedly located!
The new planet was been found orbiting in the habitable zone around the star HD 26965, also known as 40 Eridani A, the star considered to be the location of Vulcan in “Star Trek.” The finding comes from the Dharma Planet Survey in a new study led by University of Florida astronomer Jian Ge and a team including Tennessee State University astronomers Matthew Muterspaugh and Gregory Henry.
Ge says “The new planet is a ‘super-Earth’ orbiting the star HD 26965, which is only 16 light years from Earth, making it the closest super-Earth orbiting another Sun-like star. The planet is roughly twice the size of Earth and orbits its star with a 42-day period just inside the star’s optimal habitable zone.”
40 Eridani is actually a triple star system with three dwarf stars, and 40 Eridani A is said to be the primary star of the system. It has also long been unofficially considered to be Vulcan’s home star. “Star Trek” creator Gene Roddenberry himself favored the system. It’s been the location of Vulcan in both fan-made and officially licensed books.


HUNTSVILLE, Ala. (WAFF) -Want to send your name to Mars on NASA’s next rover mission in 2020?
You’ll get your name etched on a microchip affixed to the rover – and a souvenir boarding pass. Here’s how.
NASA is giving the public an opportunity to send their names – stenciled on chips – with the Mars 2020 rover mission. The rover is scheduled to launch as early as July 2020, with the spacecraft expected to touch down on Mars in February 2021.
NASA will use an electron beam to stencil the submitted names onto a silicon chip with lines of text smaller than one-thousandth the width of a human hair (75 nanometers). At that size, more than a million names can be written on a single dime-sized microchip. The chip (or chips) will ride on the rover under a glass cover.
From now until September 30, you can add your name to the list (and obtain a souvenir boarding pass to Mars) here.


Extreme EXPeditionary Architecture
The MS Scorpion is part of a convoy of rovers proposed in a newly proposed Mission Architecture (EXP-Arch) to explore planetary surfaces. The MS Scorpion is a lunar rover capable of long traverses on the Moon. It can support a crew of 4 for up to 3 months without re-supply. This is one of two vehicles that will work together exploring the lunar surface. The 2 MS Scorpions will be supported by 4 highly agile mini-rovers. This system is proposed by Trotti & Associates, Inc. a space architecture firm from Cambridge, MA. The study was performed under a contract with the NASA Institute of Advanced Concepts.
The MS Scorpion is an all-terrain vehicle capable of traveling
from the North to the South pole of the moon. This system of rovers
work like a mobile lunar base that can be moved to different sites
whenever is needed for scientific and or commercial purposes.
The MS Scorpion is powered by solar panels and hydrogen fuel cells.
Each of the 8 legs has its own electric propulsion motor that power
elastic spherical wheels capable of dealing with the harsh environment
of the lunar surface.
The MS Scorpion can be driven by the astronauts or it can navigate
autonomously. All the vehicles are autonomous and can travel
independently to different sites by themselves controlled from the Earth.
The MS Scorpions are outfitted with expandable inflatable
structures that double the size of their interior volume.
The MS Scorpions can dock with each other in several ways to
create a small camp capable of supporting 8 astronauts.
The mini rovers serve as exploration vehicles capable of traversing
extremely rough terrain.


I am currently a Radboud Excellence Initiative fellow, working in the Department of Astrophysics. My interests are in the evolution of massive stars and binary systems, and the transient phenomena that occur in the later stages of their evolution, including gamma-ray bursts, supernovae and fast radio bursts.
My work straddles the boundary between theory and observation. On the theory side, I have experience with stellar evolution models and population synthesis techniques, making particular use of the BPASS code (Binary Population and Spectral Synthesis). Observationally, I use data from across the electromagnetic spectrum to characterise the 'host galaxies' where these transients occur. By studying these galaxies, we learn about the stellar populations and conditions which are capable of producing the transients. These constraints are fed into the population synthesis codes and we see if our models can reproduce all of the observables that associated with a specific class of transient. These include the event rates, host galaxy population age, metallicity, and offsets from the host. Once observation and theory converge on the same distributions of these parameters, the origin has likely been correctly identified.
There are many types of transient which we are still trying to understand, both in terms of the event mechanisms themselves, and also in the wider contexts of late stellar evolution and the evolution and chemical enrichment of galaxies. These include compact object merger (short) GRBs and kilonovae, collapsar (long) GRBs, superluminous supernovae, rapidly evolving optical transients and fast radio bursts, to name a few. Several new facilities and large surveys across the electromagnetic spectrum and beyond are underway or due to start within the next decade, so this is a particularly exciting time to be exploring the origins of the most dramatic events the Universe has to offer!
An artistic interpretation of my PhD... well, this paper at least:


you're a true astroNUT when..."
the first thing you notice about any new place is how dark it is.
you know the word for astronomy in more than one language. (Very useful
for the travelling astroNUT, aside from the words: "food "water
you wouldn't spend a dime on most things, but you'll splurge when it
comes to astronomical equipment.
the cost of your equipment is more than the vehicle you use to transport
you frown at those who say, "Ah.. so can you predict my
future?" and proceed to lecture them on the difference between
astronomy and astrology.
you remembered the dates when you bought your eyepieces, but forgot your
mother's/ wife's/ girlfriend's birthday.
you don't need more exercise since carrying all your equipment burns
more calories than a 2-hour gym workout.
you hate, deplore, despise and curse at M0 (a.k.a.
clouds) at any astronomy event...
you have actually developed a personal ritual to chase bad weather away,
and are mastering more from other cultures.
you attempt to outdistance bad weather by driving further up North /
South / East / West.
you care more about a speck of dust on your optics than the thick layer on
your living room floor.
you attempted to locate the main power switch for your district...
you ever aimed a stone (or something to the same effect) at a
from the Starrynights.. By Tom Campbell http://www.iolaks.com/softech/astro/astro.htm
you think that not getting enough sleep at night is a good thing.
you ask your optometrist about the availability of H-Alpha Sunglasses.
... you center your vacation time around the New Moon.
... you don't buy a house until you've had a chance to see how dark the
neighborhood gets at night.
... you build your dream home with a roll-off roof (or optionally, a
rotating dome roof).
... all the night lights in your house are red.
... somebody asks you where you live and you tell him the latitude and
longitude of your house.
... somebody asks where your town is and you pull out a map and show him
how to "star hop" from town to town to find it.
... you've named your kids and pets after stars or constellations.
... you can hand-draw your own star charts down to the 7th magnitude --
... when you take a new vehicle for a test drive, the first thing you do
is run by home to see whether your telescope will fit in the trunk.
from other members of Starrynights.. :)
you pick up a mailing tube and wonder what the focal length would be.
you pour cream into your swirling coffee and see a spiral galaxy. -littlestarhawk
the Milky Way ruins your night vision. -littlestarhawk
you're a Deep Sky person when..."
Refer to http://www.open.hr/space/space/jokes.phtml
for a complete listing.
"... you consider the moon a major annoyance.
... you consider Jupiter 'light pollution'.
... you spend most of your time looking at or for objects you can
... your favorite objects are objects you can barely see.
... you enjoy looking at faint fuzzies with the smallest possible
... you enjoy looking at faint fuzzies with the largest possible
... you like to choose objects that are easier to imagine than to
... you're amazed that anyone needs artificial light to read charts.
... you could do a Messier Marathon from memory, if you still
bothered with Messier objects.
... you welcome (and have even considered instigating) power cuts,
but only if they occur on clear moonless nights."
(Additions : )
you overdose on Vitamin A and carrots before an observation session.
you choose the NGC catalogue over Victoria's Secrets.
on the moon. Great food, no atmosphere."
"Astronomers do it all night."
"Astronomers do it Charging, Coupling and Devising (CCDs)."
. Humour for astrophysics. Samplers:
invoke the uncertainty principle whenever confronted with confused
mathematicians, chemists, engineers, psychologists, dramatists, and
andere schweinhund." - The Physicist's
Bill of Rights
: This product attracts every other piece of
matter in the universe, including the products of other manufacturers,
with a force proportional to the product of the masses and inversely
proportional to the distance between them."
: Despite any other listing of product contents
found hereon, the consumer is advised that, in actuality, this product
consists of 99.9999999999% empty space."
notice to purchasers : The entire physical
universe, including this product, may one day collapse back into an
infinitesimally small space. Should another universe subsequently
re-emerge, the existence of this product in that universe cannot be
A Physicist's Considers Consumer Warning Labels
April 1982 - What they say & what they *really* mean"
from Eric Jamison's http://users.metro2000.net/~ericj/astro-humor.html
. I had a good time laughing. Samplers:
say "The color contrast is
striking." ; They mean "One star
is white, the other is white."
"The telescope's optics are
superb." ; They mean "They
magnify atmospheric disturbances perfectly."
"The site offers clear skies
year round." ; They mean "It is
200 miles from civilization."
"A person with average eyesight
can split this pair." ; They mean "Over
half the world is blind."


Eccles Grammar School
THE MAN WHO CAME BACK
Wainwright pushed the lever to bring his ship into normal space, and, as the stars reappeared, started to look for the familiar solar system on his astro-screen.
Twenty long years ago he had disappeared beyond radio contact with the universe, on this first manned voyage to the stars — now, back to Earth, with the saddening news that nowhere, not about any of the stars he had visited — the Alpha Centauri, Vega, Orion, Sirius, or any of the other dozen or so — was there a planet capable of supporting more than a fractional number of Earth's teeming billions. By now, he reflected, the number would be nearly doubled since he left — fervently, he hoped that the next journey would be successful. If it was not — what then?
He made a routine check of the co-ordinates; yes, everything appeared to be all right in the solar system, viewed from this distance, far outside the orbit of Pluto. Then he realised something — the radio which, when he had left, had been alive with the crackling of the many stations in the solar system, was silent — not even the call-signs of the interplanetary beacons, made up of a radioactive core, which should never die out, broke the silence!
First, he checked the set, tried the laser receiver, the deep-space radio-telescope — yet he could find nothing to reassure him. Something dreadful had happened!
He then switched to transmit, for the first time in twenty years, and sent out his call sign, agreed upon before he left the orbit round the moon, where the ship, never designed to go into the earth's atmosphere, had been built specially for the one and only trip it would make. No reply penetrated the eerie silence of the cabin and he began to be a little worried. Still, in a matter of days, his ship would be in orbit round the Earth, waiting for a service craft to come and take him home, and to check his tiny, one-man interstellar probe with the equipment on board that had taken years of research and the finest brains on Earth to develop. This equipment had worked perfectly, generating the field that had carried him on a grand cruise to the nearer parts of the Milky Way. Without developing any noticeable faults, it had brought him home — to what? He did not know and dared not guess.
A few hours later, he shot past silent Pluto, freezing under its eternal blanket of solid hydrogen, and headed inwards, still receiving no replies to his urgent signals. Soon, he should find out what had happened.
Uranus, Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter — all appeared now uninhabited, as if the small exploratory stations had been withdrawn and their dwellings left to decay.
The asteroids were the same, hardly depleted at all yet, by the mining operations necessitated by the growing need for the metals they contained. His ship had been built from most of one of the smaller ones, XK 657, he remembered. He did not check very closely, because he was still worried about the continued radio silence from all sources.
Deeply worried now, he turned up the power on his radio transmitter, and explored the moon with the searching fingers of the electron telescope — no sign of man appeared at all, and the moon seemed suddenly larger, and less pockmarked with craters than it had been before.
Then he went cold all over, as he realised that the Apennine range, cut through in many places over the years of increasing colonisation, was completely whole — not a mark of the work of centuries appeared!
Now with a real sense of urgency he accelerated down towards the Earth. Surely he must find something — his telescope would show him everything more than a hundred yards across, on the earth. What would it reveal?
Settling into orbit just outside the atmosphere he subjected Europe to an intense scrutiny. Where were the City of Britain and the European Community. Only rolling hills and ubiquitous forests mets his gaze.
All over the world it was the same — forests covering all the land, with the polar caps shrunken and thin. The continents, too, were out of place — somehow bunched together and mis-shapen.
Then his numbed mind realised that there would be no service ship to take him home. Wainwright burst into insane laughter as it came home to him — he must starve and die there, stranded on the fringes of the atmosphere in his twenty-fifth century starship, above the primeval Earth.
R. H. Britton, 6USc. I
SCHOOL CAMP, 1966
Do you know Borrowdale, the wettest area of the British Isles? We can now state that this fact is true. Miss Green and Miss Boulton bravely assumed command over seven misguided fifth and sixth formers, and took us to camp at Grange-in-Borrowdale from the 8th to the 15th of August, and we would like to thank (?) them for doing so.
We soon discovered that the quickest way to enlist help, concerning such complicated mano’euvres as erecting tents and lighting primus stoves, was to stand about looking pathetic, and wait for more experienced campers to offer their services.
Throughout the week we enjoyed such things as hikes, swimming in the River Derwent (for the hardy ones only!) and drinking coffee in the cafe at Grange. Most of the days ended with a sing-song and supper (biscuits and hot chocolate, drinking chocolate) in the large tent.
Saturday night was most exciting. Borrowdale's worst storm in living memory occurred that night, leaving a trail of destruction throughout the valley. The nine of us huddled together in the large tent, singing to keep out the thunder and endeavouring to mop up the stream that was flowing through the tent.
The rain finally gave way to beautiful sunshine on the day that we came home.
We did enjoy ourselves. Honestly!
J. and N.


Tue 15 Feb 2011
This article has a nice list of 50 open source applications for science education.
Open Source: Astronomy and Space Exploration
A perennial favorite, Celestia allows users to view the night skies from any point on earth at any time or to see how the sky would look from any point in the known universe. The interface is simple to use, and it uses real telescope imagery of stars, planets, asteroids, and other objects in space whenever possible. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
Stellarium is like having your own personal planetarium on your computer. In fact, it’s such an accurate depiction of the night sky seen with the naked eye or simple binoculars that it’s used by many planetariums. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
KStars offers the same functionality as Stellarium, plus some tools for amateur astronomers, like an observing list, FOV editor, altitude vs. time tool, and more. It comes with a default catalog of all stars up to magnitude 8, but you can expand it with a catalog of stars up to magnitude 16. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
An excellent tool for teachers, PP3 creates star charts that are detailed enough for use in PowerPoint presentations or books. Note that in order to use it, you will also need LaTeX. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
Another option for creating star charts, Cartes du Ciel uses data from 16 different catalogs. Don’t let the French name scare you off—there’s plenty of English documentation. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
6. Open Luna
If looking at pictures of the sky isn’t good enough for you, Open Luna is an open-source project dedicated to sending actual spacecraft into space and eventually the moon. The group’s first mission is scheduled to launch next month. Operating System: N/A.
DevelopSpace has an even more ambitious goal—developing the necessary technology to enable a one-way trip to Mars in the near future. Students and others who get involved can contribute directly to solving the technical challenges posed by a mission to Mars. Operating System: N/A.


Astronaut Academy: Are you ready for the challengeID#821
Детская книга на английском языке Astronaut Academy: Are you ready for the challenge
What’s it really like to be an astronaut on a mission to Mars? Well, kids will not only find out but can also train for their own missions in this exciting activity book. Once enrolled at the academy, they face a variety of challenges and missions that mimic the real-life tasks astronauts may have to perform in space. Specific activities include hand-eye coordination exercises, obstacle courses, building a balloon rocket, basic first-aid skills, how to deal with weightlessness, and doing fiddly things while wearing big gloves!
A jam-packed Space Goodies section includes stickers, a poster, board game, press-outs, and a model space shuttle. Informative, interactive, and fun, this book will appeal to all aspiring astronauts!
|Тема книги||наука, мальчики, девочки, люди, машины, поезда, механизмы|
|Автор||Steve Martin, Jennifer Farley|
|Размер||24 x 1.1 x 20.4 см|
|Возраст||3-5 лет, 5-7 лет|


1) Cosmic Evolution – The origin of Time and Space. The Big Bang Theory.
2) Chemical Evolution – The origin of higher elements from Hydrogen.
3) Stellar/Planetary Evolution – The origin of the stars and planets.
4) Organic Evolution – The origin of life.
5) Macro Evolution – Changing of one kind of animal into another.
6) Micro Evolution – Variations within the same kind of living organism
The first 5 of these are completely unfounded, unscientific and untrue and the last one is not evolution at all but merely variation or adaptation.
In responding to the question of evolution, first off, it is illogical and unreasonable to believe that we can make something from nothing.
Nothing, can only create more “Nothing!”
Before the Universe began something must have always existed.
Science states that something is ENERGY!
According to the 1st Law of Thermodynamics: “Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.” No beginning nor ending… That’s the definition of Eternal.
One also cannot claim that this Energy always existed in the known universe because science has proven that the universe hasn’t always existed.
The Energy Source that existed before the creation of the universe has to be infinite because according to science the universe is still expanding and growing and already consists of trillions of stars and billions of galaxies.
A separate eternal energy source that exists outside of the universe had to transfer it’s power to create the universe because we know the universe did not always exist..
It’s NOT unreasonable to deduce that this Eternal Energy Source was the Creator God!
Someone once asked me, “What do you think about Evolution?”
My response was, “I believe Atheism is a Religion and The Theory of Evolution is the major Doctrine upon which that Religion is built!”
According to Ray Comfort, (Video #1 below) Evolution is UN-scientific and according to Dr. Kent E. Hovind (Video #3 below) it’s just plain stupid!
Evolution vs. God – Ray Comfort Interviews Atheists/Evolutionists on College Campuses
Ray Comfort vs. Richard Dawkins – Evolution vs. God
Why Evolution is So Stupid – Dr. Kent E. Hovind


Hey Darth Vader,
How are you doing? This past weekend my friends and I went on a trip to the planet Ork. We were lucky because my one friend has an uncle with a house there. So we did not have to spend money on a hotel. You know how expensive the prices are on Ork.
When we arrived to the planet Ork, we parked our spaceship in the garage and rested for the night because we were all tired after traveling 3 million light-years away. The next day we walked to the hot springs that were nearby to go swimming. They are very relaxing. But one of the pools was closed because it boiled two tourists who were visiting from the planet Trital last week. Those Trital aliens never learn. After we swam, we walked to get something to eat at the “Chrome Café.” There were a lot of other visitors and we had a difficult time finding a table. Eventually, we found a table and ordered dinner. I ate a giraffe burger with ketchup. It was good. Finally, we walked back to the house and relaxed because the next day we had to travel 3 million light-years back home.
It was a great trip and I hope that you do not destroy the planet Ork any time soon. You should take a trip there. There is a monument of the Emperor in the city center that you might like. I posted pictures on my Instagram.
Talk to you soon,


Today we've been given an extra day. Good? or Bad? It's good this year because it's a beautiful sunny day with temperatures near 60 degrees, but one leap year really messed me up. Three of our children were born on the 18th of some month. It made it really easy to remember their birthdays. Quinn was born on the 17th of March in 1980, which happened to be a leap year. Had it not been a leap year, he would have also been born on the 18th. Rats!
So why leap year? Well, in case you didn't know, it actually takes the earth 365 days + 5 hours, + 48 minutes, + 46 seconds to circle the sun. No big deal, but over time it begins to add up. So they created the Julian calender which added 1 day (4x5 hours + 48 minutes + 46 seconds) or approximately 24 hours every fourth year. Great, the problem is solved! Wait a minute! Every year the Julian calendar is about 11 minutes too long. No big deal, but over time . . . So, in 1582, Pope Gregory XII created the Gregorian calendar (used today) which says that every century year could only be a leap year if it was divisible by 400. So, the year 1900 was not a leap year, but the year 2000 was. The year 3000 will not be a leap year, but the year 4000 will be. Ok, so are we good to go? Not exactly. The Gregorian calendar puts the calendar year very close to the solar year, but it is still a tiny bit off. But it will take around 3000 years for this tiny difference to add up to an extra day, so astronomers have a few years to figure how how to deal with that problem.
It's a little mind-boggling, so just go out and enjoy this extra day, and let the mathematicians worry about the calendar!


There’s something so captivating about dark starry skies when you’re out in the great outdoors. A hot cup of chocolate under the Milky Way and you’re already half way to heaven! This couple are stargazing and are lucky enough to spot a shooting star and a special constellation in the sky.
Medium: Soft Pastel on Board
Size: 48" x 24"
Frame: Large Black Bevel
See technical specifications below.
• Conservation grade 99% UV protection
• Amazing clarity
• Anti-reflection, less than 1% light reflection. Virtually eliminates reflections
This glass stops transmission of UV light absorption and is not angle dependent.
The UV block quoted for this glass of 99% is the actual % for UV block.
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Morehead State University Dedicates New Space Science Center
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
Morehead State University dedicated its new $12 million Space Science Center designed by Hastings+Chivetta, in association with EMG Architects. The Space Science Center originated from a joint NASA-NSF-MSU venture to develop a large aperture (21-meter) radiotelescope and satellite tracking station and associated labs and degree programs at MSU. The highly specialized building has a NASA-type control room, electronics laboratory, anechoic testing chamber, Class 100 clean room and a multi-media auditorium with star projector and audio-video system.