Exhibits at the Museum of Astronomy and Related Sciences transport visitors through the Universe
Do you know the origino f the term “knots” in navigation? Do you know the difference between a meridian and an equeatorial lunette? These answers and many others can be found in the Museum of Astronomy and Related Sciences. The 44 thousand square meters terrain in São Cristóvão where the National Observatory is built also serves as headquarters for MAST.
The museum was created, in fact, to absorb pieces from the Observatory that would be discarded, back in 1985. Besides the technical reserve that the pieces make, there are exhibits planned especially for children. On the ground floor, the show “Looking at the Sky, Measuring the Earth” gathers original objects and replica to show the audience some Geography, History and all of the other “related sciences” on the museum’s name. On the underground level, the focus passes to astronomy. Interactive miniatures of the Earth connect the visitor to everything he or she learned (or was supposed to) inside the classroom: phases of the Moon, the tilt on the Earth’s axis, constellations and galaxies. “We’re not here to give answers. We’re here to swap information”, says Carlos Henrique, who works at the education sector since its inauguration. “This is an interactive museum; if you don’t ask about things, ther’s no fun.” The museum is currently holding the temporary exhibits “Photography: science and art”, that gathers scientific images, and “Chemistry in the History of the Universe, the Earth and the Body”, which presents instruments from other areas of science with some application in Chemistry. Both are on the second floor, as well as the museum’s library (that has a collection focused on the history of science).
But the museum isn’t just about the main building. At Mast’s campus, you can see the second biggest meteorite to ever land on Brazil (borrowed from the National Museum of Natural History
) and the lunette pavillions used by the Observatory’s astronomers, that now house miniature exhibits. On every Saturday and the first Wednesday of each month, the audience can observe stars with the museum’s centennary lunette – when the weather cooperates and the sky is clear. Feira de São Cristóvão
‘s neighbour deserves an entire afternoon of your calendar to be visited from the beginning to the end. There are guided tours through the exhibits every Saturday at 3 and 5PM, but you can also book a tour, in case you’re taking a large group. It’s worth reminding: entrance is free.
Feira de Sao Cristóvão: Rua General Bruce, 586 – São Cristovao Rio de Janeiro – RJ, 20921-030
Bairro: Rua General Bruce, 586 – São Cristovao Rio de Janeiro – RJ, 20921-030
Horário: Terça-feira, Quarta-feira, Quinta-feira e Sexta-feira às 09:00 até 17:00
Preço: Free entry
Autor: Katharina Farina


As stars in the night sky glittering
round the moon’s brilliance blaze in all their glory
when the air falls to a sudden, windless calm …
all the lookout peaks stand out and the jutting cliffs
and the steep ravines and down from the high heavens bursts
the boundless, bright air and all the stars shine clear
and the shepherd’s heart exults.
[Ὡς δ’ ὅτ’ ἐν οὐρανῷ ἄστρα φαεινὴν ἀμφὶ σελήνην
φαίνετ’ ἀριπρεπέα, ὅτε τ’ ἔπλετο νήνεμος αἰθήρ·
ἔκ τ’ ἔφανεν πᾶσαι σκοπιαὶ καὶ πρώονες ἄκροι
καὶ νάπαι· οὐρανόθεν δ’ ἄρ’ ὑπεῤῥάγη ἄσπετος αἰθήρ,
πάντα δὲ εἴδεται ἄστρα, γέγηθε δέ τε φρένα ποιμήν.]
The Iliad [Ἰλιάς], Book 8, l. 551ff (8.551-555) (c. 750 BC) [tr. Fagles (1990), ll. 641-47]
Used as a metaphor for the campfires of the Trojan troops before Ilium. Alternate translations:
As when about the silver moon, when air is free from wind,
And stars shine clear, to whose sweet beams, high prospects, and the brows
Of all steep hills and pinnacles, thrust up themselves for shows,
And ev’n the lowly valleys joy to glitter in their sight,
When the unmeasur’d firmament bursts to disclose her light,
And all the signs in heav’n are seen, that glad the shepherd’s heart.
[tr. Chapman (1611), l. 486ff]
As when the moon, refulgent lamp of night,
O'er heaven's clear azure spreads her sacred light,
When not a breath disturbs the deep serene,
And not a cloud o'ercasts the solemn scene;
Around her throne the vivid planets roll,
And stars unnumbered gild the glowing pole,
O'er the dark trees a yellower verdure shed,
And tip with silver every mountain's head;
Then shine the vales, the rocks in prospect rise,
A flood of glory bursts from all the skies:
The conscious swains, rejoicing in the sight,
Eye the blue vault, and bless the useful light.
[tr. Pope (1715-20)]
As when around the clear bright moon, the stars
Shine in full splendor, and the winds are hush’d,
The groves, the mountain-tops, the headland-heights
Stand all apparent, not a vapor streaks
The boundless blue, but ether open’d wide
All glitters, and the shepherd’s heart is cheer’d.
[tr. Cowper (1791), l. 643ff]
As when in heaven the stars appear very conspicuous around the lucid moon, when the æther is wont to be without a breeze, and all the pointed rocks and lofty summits and groves appear, but in heaven the immense æther is disclosed, and all the stars are seen, and the shepherd rejoices in his soul.
[tr. Buckley (1860)]
As when in Heav'n, around the glitt'ring moon
The stars shine bright amid the breathless air;
And ev'ry crag and ev'ry jutting peak
Stands boldly forth, and ev'ry forest glade;
Ev'n to the gates of Heav'n is open'd wide
The boundless sky; shines each particular star
Distinct; joy fills the gazing shepherd's heart.
[tr. Derby (1864), ll. 629-35]
Even as when in heaven the stars about the bright moon shine clear to see, when the air is windless, and all the peaks appear and the tall headlands and glades, and from heaven breaketh open the infinite air, and all stars are seen, and the shepherd’s heart is glad.
[tr. Leaf/Lang/Myers (1891)]
As when the stars shine clear, and the moon is bright -- there is not a breath of air, not a peak nor glade nor jutting headland but it stands out in the ineffable radiance that breaks from the serene of heaven; the stars can all of them be told and the heart of the shepherd is glad.
[tr. Butler (1898)]
Even as in heaven about the gleaming moon the stars shine clear, when the air is windless, and forth to view appear all mountain peaks and high headlands and glades, and from heaven breaketh open the infinite air, and all stars are seen, and the shepherd joyeth in his heart.
[tr. Murray (1924)]As when in heaven principal stars shine out around the moon when the night sky is limpid, with no wind, and all the lookout points, headlands, and mountain clearings are distinctly seen, as though pure space had broken through, downward from heaven, and all the stars are out, and in his heart the shepherd sings.
[tr. Fitzgerald (1974)]
Added on 11-Nov-20 | Last updated 8-Dec-21
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A traditional custom in China to celebrate the Mid-autumn Festival (also named the Moon Festival) is to have a loved ones reunion and the family come collectively to appreciate the moon, which comes in full and shines brighter at the time, on August 15 according to the standard Chinese calender. Yes, we’re celebrating it right here now….wish I could send some moon cakes more than to all of you, but I consider they’d shed their freshness as soon as they get there! The moon is at its fullest and brightest on this night as it is entirely illuminated as noticed from earth. On that day with the precise coordination, the Chinese succeeded in overthrowing their oppressors. Beautifully illustrated and full of fascinating details about Japanese holidays and celebrations, this 48-page picture book offers a vivid picture of some of Japan’s most festive events like New Year’s, Children’s Day, Cherry Blossom Season, Harvest Moon Viewing, Christmas in Japan and quite a few much more.
Do check the moon out Healthylife, and let’s see if it really is a complete one or not! And Mooncake Festival was celebrated henceforth to commemorate this unforgettable event. Parents will buy lanterns for their children to celebrate this mid autumn festival. Ingenira, it really is great to know that you are celebrating Mooncake Festival just about every year.
Lanterns are generally in the shape of the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac, the most well-liked animal being the animal of the existing year. I necessary details on Chinese Moon Poems for class, and none of the internet sites I went to had the correct factor I was searching for. Moon cake (月餅) is the regular pastry taken by Chinese for the duration of Mid-autumn festival (Zhongqiu Festival,中秋节).
The Moon Cake festival is no exception and households who believe in ancestral worship will have unique steamed rice cakes set on the altars of their gods. Moon cakes are given to relatives and friends as presents just before and in the course of the Mid-Autumn Festival, with wishes of a extended and joyful life. Chinese communities are decorated with lanterns and youngsters will play and stroll around with lanterns in their hands.
The celebration is on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which is the middle of the autumn season (the autumn season being the seventh, eighth, and ninth lunar months.) In the Gregorian calendar, the festival falls sometime about mid- to late September, or early October. It was also a custom for the common public to worship or pay homage to the moon in mid autumn in each lunar August.


Lunar Eclipse Today: When and How to Watch Super Blood Wolf Full Moon
Lunar Eclipse Today: When and How to Watch Super Blood Wolf Full Moon ? Will lunar eclipse be visible in India? What about other countries ?
By Tech Hunt
Lunar Eclipse Today
The rare trifecta of a complete occultation, super blood moon, and a “Wolf Moon” is here. Tonight, uncountable folks across Americas, elements of western Europe, and continent are going to be witness to a brilliant blood wolf moon.
It’s notably vital as a result of it’s aiming to be the last total occultation till could 2021. So, make preparations to feast your eyes on this epic astronomical event. Sadly, for India, some elements of Asia, and Australia, there is not aiming to be something special within the skies as they’re aiming to be facing the Sun at the time of the occultation.
Remainder of the globe can get to envision a number of the eclipse at moon rise or moon set counting on the time in their region.
Browse on to seek out everything you would like to understand regarding this super blood wolf moon and why is it known as that.
Will lunar eclipse be visible in India? What about other countries?
As you can see in the map below, all of North and South America as well as UK, Ireland, Greenland, Portugal, some parts of Spain, France, and Norway, and Iceland will get to full lunar eclipse. People living in Hawaii, almost all of Africa, part of Europe and Asia will catch some of lunar eclipse but not the full event.
Lastly, there will be no partial or complete lunar eclipse visible in India, China, Australia, New Zealand, South-East Asian countries, Koreas, Pakistan and parts of Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and parts of Afghanistan and Tajikistan.
… Thank You …


does anyone have links for this episode, too? hashei and matriliner have been repeatedly posting bad and incorrect links for almost half of this series. it's really annoying when you get in to a show and then miss a lot of it. can't we get their bad links removed? i've tried flagging them but the system here doesn't work the way we need it to. :o(
Team Cohutta, it is a FUN lighthearted show, why all the serious mumbo jumbo about ST ? Which I love too by the way, but they are very different this one being a comedy (more so in S1) Your rant reminds me of a teenager having a hissy fit at being grounded! Just chill the F out dude sheesh, so much drama.
You are so very, very WRONG Kyndryd! The chaplain is played by Teddy Sears who is way to young to be Betty/Brittany's father! Betty/Brittany's father is played by Kyle Secor and he was on Homicide: Life on the Street and was a detective. He has appeared in many tv dramas over the years and most recently in Confess.
Year : 2015
Episode Runtime: 60
First Aired: April 20, 2015
Status : Continuing
Watch StarTalk with Neil deGrasse Tyson Online
Host Neil deGrasse Tyson brings together celebrities, scientists and comedians to explore a variety of cosmic topics and collide pop culture with science in a way that late-night television has never seen before. Weekly topics range from popular science fiction, space travel, extraterrestrial life, the Big Bang, to the future of Earth and the environment. Tyson is an astrophysicist with a gifted ability to connect with everyone, inspiring us all to to "keep looking up."


Date(s) - Wednesday, Feb 2, 2022
7:00pm - 8:30pm
Wednesday, December 8, 2021
7:00 PM EST
BCCNY Science Fiction/Fantasy Book Discussion: The Martian by Andy Weir
Join BCCNY members and alumnae for a discussion of this novel which follows the story of American astronaut Mark Watney as he becomes stranded alone on Mars in 2035 and has to improvise in order to survive. The book was adapted as a film and released in October 2015 starring Matt Damon.
RSVP by December 6 to Yvette Pomeranz at email@example.com for the login link.


We spoke a few days ago what one immediately thinks for “planet” when you hear that word. Mercury, Venus … etc, until a few years ago, it was certainly no more than ten. In recent decades there have been dozens of space missions to different planets, comets and satellites. The results of these explorations have largely been available to the general public that have seen detailed images of Mars sent by the probes Viking and Mars Pathfinder.
But even though the exploration of the solar system still has a long way to go, the idea of worlds (and life) around other stars is surely back to the dawn of human imagination. Interestingly the first two planets detected are not found orbiting a quiet star (such as our beloved Sun), but in a strange place
where no one would have thought to find such a thing: the pulsar PSR 1257 +12 that is in the Virgo constellation about 2,000 light years from us. It came to fame in 1992 for harboring two planets of a size about twice that of our Earth. The discoverers of such a finding were the Polish Alexander Wolszczan and Canadian Dale Frail.
The pulsars (see the artistic recreation of one on the right) are tiny neutron stars that spin at breakneck speeds (specifically PSR B1257 + 12 has a diameter of about 30 km and a rotation period of 6 milliseconds, or that is, rotates about 160 times per second!). A curiosity is that both the discovery of this pulsar and observations that revealed the presence of these exoplanets were made at the Arecibo radio telescope in Puerto Rico. Antenna we have all seen in the movie “Contact” based on the novel by Carl Sagan. Interestingly this telescope today provides data project SETI @ home that seeks to detect radio emissions by extraterrestrial civilizations.
The method to detect these planets around pulsars is quite simple to understand. Pulsars have a period of extremely regular rotation, so the radio broadcast we received with a radio telescope has a fairly well-defined period. One example is the following video showing an auditory representation of electromagnetic pulses that are detected in some famous pulsars:
Now imagine a small planet revolving around one of these pulsars. This pulls gravity on the planet in the same way that the planet pulls on the pulsar, or in other words, both bodies will revolve around the center of mass system common. In the case of system PSR B1257 + 12 and the largest of its planets (called B as the second in distance) the center of mass is about 700 km from the pulsar (remember that its diameter is about 30 km). To calculate this figure just we need to know that the planet B has an estimated mass 4.3 times the mass of Earth and is orbiting at about 0.36 astronomical units pulsar).
From our reference system on Earth, the pulsar will have a very small oscillation around its center of mass, which will add to the intrinsic rotation of the neutron star. Thus the periodic pulse emitted will be modulated in turn by this oscillation another almost imperceptible.
The residue left after subtracting the period of the pulsar can determine the axis of the orbit of the object that produces the disturbance (the supposed planet), as well as having an upper limit on its mass.
Of course all this is complicated when instead of having a single planet we have a planetary system with several components. Each planet then exerts a little tug on the pulsar and slightly modulate its intrinsic pulse. So it becomes even more complicated demodulation. This is the case of PSR B1257 + 12 in which 4 planets have been detected in different sizes and orbital distances.
The advantage of this method is that it is quite accurate because the pulsar signals can be digitized with enough time to be picked up by radio telescopes resolution. In addition to being the natural clocks so precise pulsar is easy to detect tiny anomalies in the period due to relatively small planets, even smaller than Earth. No other method to discover planets as small.
The disadvantage is that there are not many known pulsars which severely limits the potential planets to discover. In fact, today, less than a dozen extra solar planets have been discovered using this technique. In addition, another point that takes some of the interest the matter is that all these planets would not harbor life almost certainly. Pulsars are neutron stars that remain as residue after the recent explosion of a massive star as a supernova . Therefore any planet in the area would have to be formed at some time after the explosion and would be subjected to intense high – energy radiation that would prevent the formation of life.
I guess I still need to answer the question. We’ll save that for next week.


NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine said the Orion spacecraft could be launched from a commercial rocket, ie produced by a third party (privately). It was the first time that the number one of the famous space agency evaluated the possibility.
The first flight of Orion, EM-1 or Exploration Mission-1, is scheduled for June 2020. It is part of a test that will send the capsule around the Moon for six days, with a total duration of the mission of about three weeks. It also had to be the debut of SLS , the Space Launch System, the giant NASA rocket. However, SLS has suffered countless production delays and surpassing the expected costs has certainly not helped: this has only delayed the start date of EM-1, but it seems that the NASA administration wishes to make some progress in its lunar program by 2020 and therefore starting the mission with the use of a commercial rocket would seem the best option. In the coming weeks the final decision will be taken.
There are only two space launchers currently in operation that are able to support this mission, ULA’s Delta IV Heavy and SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy. It will take two launches to put the entire apparatus into orbit – one to launch the Orion capsule into low Earth orbit and the other to push it to the Moon (and back).
The interesting aspect is that NASA has admitted that commercial rockets might be able to replace SLS. Of course, they may need additional missiles to do the SLS job, but it’s not necessarily a flaw: among other things, building in space is much easier and less expensive than building and launching a giant rocket. The question now is: what will be the future of SLS if the US space agency is starting to evaluate commercial rockets for its manned missions outside the Earth’s orbit? It will certainly be interesting to follow the story.


Thanks for visiting my website.
I have been taking photos now for many years and really enjoy sharing the beauty of the world for you all.
I am based in the North East of England and I host Stargazing events at Twice Brewed Inn which is based in the International Dark Sky Park of Northumberland.
I am available to book for weddings, private functions and also photography workshops.
I organise trips to Iceland to chase the Northern Lights, as well as boat trips to the Farne Islands to see the Puffins.
If you have any booking enquiries please send me a message and I will get back to you as soon as I can
Thanks for visiting!


I truly enjoy making photographs at night. If I’m willing to give up some sleep and risk some cold, I have the opportunity to photograph some beautiful locations in relative solitude. It always amazes me how much detail modern cameras can pull out of a night sky. So with that in mind, here are some of my favorite night images from the last year.
Tunnel View – Yosemite
I’d wanted to photograph the Milky Way arching over Yosemite Valley for a while. Early this year I bought a new 14mm lens and decided that I needed to try it out in Yosemite. I checked the forecast and moon phase and decided to drive out to the park in early April. When I first started taking photos at night, I aimed for evenings with a full moon so I could use the moonlight to light up the landscape. As cameras got better in low-light, I started aiming for evenings with no moon in the sky. These dark nights were great for emphasizing the Milky Way. The downside was that there would be little or no light on the landscape. So lately I’ve been looking for evenings where a partial moon is low in the sky to light the landscape, while the Milky Way is in the right position for my intended composition. Those conditions end up being fairly rare, especially since Murphy’s Law pretty much ensures a cloudy sky on those nights!
For the shot at the top of this post, I estimated that the moon would provide some nice light for the valley at about 11:30PM and that the Milky Way would arch over the valley at about 2:00AM. The skies were forecast to be clear (there were some small clouds but those aren’t a problem) so I made the drive out to Yosemite. I arrived and got set up just as the moon was highlighting Bridalveil Falls so I captured some frames. I left my camera on the tripod and waited for the moon to set and the Milky Way to move into position. While waiting, I took some long exposures to process a version showing some star trails (below). Finally everything lined up and I was able to capture some frames of the sky. With a 14mm lens at f/2.8 I took 30 second exposures at ISO 6400 to get bright point stars. I then blended this frame with the earlier one of the valley for the final image above.
Upper Yosemite Falls – Yosemite
I’ve gone to Yosemite several times over the years to shoot Yosemite Falls by the light of the full moon, capturing a lunar rainbow (or moonbow) across the falls. I had seen shots of Upper Yosemite Falls with a moonbow from the trail to the top, but hadn’t attempted it myself. Beyond the usual challenges of needing sufficient water in the falls to provide a rainbow, clear skies, and having the moon in the right position, this shot also requires a 4-1/2 mile round trip hike in the dark with a 2000 foot climb.
I decided that wasn’t enough of a challenge, so I tried to find an evening where I could also get the Milky Way in the sky. For this I needed a partial moon that provided enough light for the rainbow but not so much as to wash out the stars. It also needed to be in the right position (essentially low in the sky behind me) to create a rainbow at the same time that the Milky Way would be in my frame. I use a couple of apps on my phone, including the Photographer’s Ephemeris and PhotoPills, to figure things out and decided that June 30th was the day. Using the apps, I find the location I want to shoot on a map and put a “pin” there. I can drop another pin in the direction I want to look. This tells me the direction I’ll be shooting and then I can scroll through dates and times and see where the moon and stars will be until I think I’ve found the right combination. I usually use a program called Stellarium on my computer to double check the Milky Way, since it is really easy to see how it moves throughout the evening. I like to know how it is moving since I’m never exactly sure where in the sky I will want it until I arrive on site and I like to give myself some margin for error.
I started the hike up the Upper Yosemite Falls trail in the late afternoon, allowing me to find a good spot before sunset. At that point I just had to line up my image and wait for darkness. I was excited when the moonbow appeared and tried both portrait and landscape compositions. Both of these are single frames with no complicated blending or layering. The landscape view includes some of the lights in the valley. I do think I want to try this again sometime, as I don’t think the sky was fully dark yet after sunset.
Shark Fin Cove – Davenport
My two favorite (reasonably) local areas for night sky photography are around Yosemite and on the coast. Both areas have some dramatic landscapes along with some views that avoid problematic light pollution from nearby cities. The town of Davenport, just north of Santa Cruz has some great beaches and I decided I wanted to capture the stars over the “fin” at Shark Fin Cove. Looking at my planning apps, I found a night where a partial moon would be setting while the stars were in the right position. I bribed my wife with a seafood dinner and she joined me on a drive out to the coast. The dinner was great but the clear skies in the forecast were nowhere to be found. The shot was a bust.
A week later I saw another opportunity and this time I convinced both my wife and my daughter to come along. The seafood was again delicious and this time I could actually see stars! Unfortunately the clouds poured in before the sky got fully dark, and I wasn’t able to get the detail in the sky I was really after. You can see in the shot below, though, that the setting moon did provide some nice light on the cove.
I had scoped out another composition in Davenport, and booked a nearby hotel room so I could be there at 3:00am in mid-August when I expected everything to line up. After dinner in a local restaurant I looked outside and saw a clear Milky Way in the sky. I quickly grabbed my gear and headed back to Shark Fin Cove. There was no moon in the sky (it wouldn’t rise until later) but there was enough light from the town to brighten the cove. The result is below.
I blended several exposures for this image to minimize the noise. My approach and processing are summarized in an article I provided to the Focal World forum here. Back in my room I set an alarm for 2:00AM and got some sleep. Unfortunately the clouds moved in again during the night (summers on the Northern California coast are notorious) and my main plan for the evening was thwarted. I’ll try again in 2018…
Soberanes – Big Sur
Later in August, I was in Carmel with my wife where she was playing in a tennis tournament (she’s awesome by the way). I’ve been to this spot in Garrapata State Park at the north end of Big Sur several times, and have always liked the arch in the ocean and with Soberanes Point in the background. I thought it would work well with stars and the sky and estimated that the Milky Way would appear to erupt from the peak as the moon was setting.
I drove out in the evening and made the sketchy hike to the spot I selected. The sky wasn’t fully dark yet so I had a little time to set up and figure out my composition. I started with some portrait shots, and captured on with a shooting star in the frame.
I then tried some landscape shots and since the sky was a little darker I was able to pick up more color in the stars. After that I felt the Milky Way moved too far to the right and decided to call it a night.
The Watchman – Zion
I went to Zion National Park at the end of October hoping to photograph the fall foliage in the colorful canyons for which the park is famous. This view from a bridge over the Virgin River is a very popular spot at sunset – especially when the trees are full of yellow leaves. With clear skies and an aversion to crowds, I decided to take advantage of the quarter moon and try out the scene at 10:00PM when most other photographers were back in their rooms. I knew that the Milky Way wouldn’t be visible in this direction, but I was happy to see the moon backlighting the trees and highlighting the Watchman in the background. The quarter moon allowed some stars to shine through as well. This is a relatively straightforward photograph, easily captured with a single frame. For this photo I used my Canon 5DSR and a Tamron 15-30 f/2.8 lens at f/2.8. I exposed the scene for 20 seconds to keep the stars sharp and ISO 3200 to keep noise reasonable.


Chinese Moon Festival
Join in the celebrations for Chinese Moon Festival at Miss Songs!
Enjoy a special Chinese Moon Festival banquet throughout the festivities. Chinese Moon Festival, otherwise known as the Mid-Autumn Festival was traditionally celebrated by Ancient Chinese emperors to give thanks to the moon for the harvest. Nowadays, people use the celebration as a time for family reunions.
17 SEPTEMBER – 23 SEPTEMBER
$89 p.p. (minimum 2 people)
Subject to availability, cancellation and change. Special banquet available from 17 September – 23 September 2021 only.


We watched the solar eclipse last night although we did not have the best view of it which was a few miles away. The distance from the earth to the moon varies and this time the moon was a bit too far away. When I was younger, there was a ring of fire eclipse where the moon was the perfect distance from earth. The moon was the same apparent size as the sun and the corona was very visible. In fact, the sun was visible through some lunar craters at the very edge of the moon’s edge. That was very spectacular, but I don’t recall whether or not I saw it in person or just read about it.
- Solar eclipse of the heart (pallino1021.wordpress.com)
- Solar Eclipse Dazzles Millions in Asia and Western US With ‘Ring of Fire’ (foxnewsinsider.com)
- Solar Eclipse: What is a Total Solar Eclipse & When is the Next One? (rant4u.com)


Description: Starry Night Pro has everything the experienced astronomy enthusiast needs to explore the universe.
* Enhanced observation planner lets you create detailed lists of targets for an observing session * New observation logs allow you to store notes, times, sky conditions, equipment used and even images on targets * Equipment list allows you to store all scopes, eyepieces, binoculars and accessories * LiveSky™ panel lets you see up-to-date images of the Sun and Earth from ground and space-based observatories * Navigate and open your saved Starry Night files easily with the new “Favorites” panel * View from anywhere on Earth or select from a database of over 8,000 cities * See the sky from any location in the universe up to 700 million light years away * Print personalized star charts of any area in the sky * OpenGL® support renders high-end 3D graphics * Create QuickTime™ movies and export images * 16 million stars and corrected NGC/IC catalogs * Online access to 500 million stars * Tycho 2/Hipparcos 3D star database * PGC catalog with 70,000 galaxies * Control most popular brands of computerized telescopes (additional cable required)
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Telesopes can be borrowed by Livingston residents and pay-card holders in good standing (18 or older) for a period of two weeks. Telescopes may be reserved in advance by calling the Library.
Orion Starblast 4.5 Reflector Telescopes
Two eyepieces 17mm & 6mm
Magnification: 26x & 75x
Aubudon Pocket Guide to Constellations
What can be viewed with the telescope?
Anything visible in the night sky. Do NOT look at the sun through a telescope. The moon is an excellent place to start. The visibilities of planets in our solar system change from season to season. Instructions for finding these objects come with the telescope when checked out.
How powerful is the telescope?
The telescope can magnify up to 75x with the included eyepieces. This is powerful enough to see Saturn’s rings.
Do I need anything else to use the telescope?
The telescope comes with everything you need to have an observing session. The only thing you will need is a table or platform for the telescope to rest at a comfortable height.
Can the telescope take pictures?
The telescope itself is not equipped to take pictures, but you can take a photograph with a smartphone through the telescope eyepiece.


Figuratively and literally! AlterG was graciously mentioned in this year’s NASA SpinOff book. This book features innovative technologies from NASA’s space and aeronautics program that transfer the benefits of NASA technology to many sectors of our society. If you didn’t know already, AlterG’s “differential air pressure” technology was originally developed by NASA scientists to help astronauts exercise in space. Here is the article on the evolution of the technology from a tool for astronaut training in space, to a tool for rehabilitation and athletic training on Earth.


It’s a hot day in Washington and stuffy inside the Milton Gottesman Jewish Day School of the Nation’s Capital, where are hard at work making miniature planetariums.
Carefully, they poke holes in maps of the constellations. The holes will let light through and project s map of the stars on the wall of the Milton Space Camp for elementary school-age kids.
Across the hall, other campers fiddle with microchips designed for use in weather satellites — tiny pieces of fragile equipment. The kids are careful as they place their thumbs on a sensor to test the change in temperature.
Melinda Viteri, a NASA-certified pilot and a second-grade teacher at the Milton school, created the weeklong camp after a parent’s made the suggestion during a school field trip to the Air and Space Museum.
“The parent said, ‘Wouldn’t it be great to do a space camp at Milton?’” Viteri said.
Activities at the camp, held last month, included visits to the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, the College Park Airport Museum, the Air and Space Museum’s Steven F. Udvar Hazy Center and the Potomac Airfield in Friendly, Md.
Campers tried out a space shuttle flight simulator, put on parts of a space suit and made drones. There were talks about space travel and the history of flight.
Camper Alex Nehrer is spending the morning working with the microchips and weather satellites.
“Building the mini satellites was my favorite part,” she says.
Harriet Laskey loves that she was able to spend more time with Viteri, who was her teacher last year. “I want to float around in space,” she says.
After the kids finish their projects, they’ll have the chance to play with water rockets and fly drones like that had earlier that morning.
It’s not quite school, and it’s not quite camp. At the beginning of the second session of her satellite-making class, instructor Melissa Pore, who leads the student program Amateur Radio on the International Space Station, shows a video from NASA about its plan to return people to the moon in 2024. And then she asks why NASA decided to go to the moon as a stepping stone to going to Mars.
Nearly everyone raises their hands or shouts out answers.
“Because the moon is closer.”
“If you jump on the moon you won’t float away but you will on Mars.”
“Because we’ve been to the moon before.”
Pore praises the kids for their answers, even if they aren’t all correct.
Alexander Hake says camp was “great.” He particularly loved going to Goddard Space Flight Center. “We had lunch, and we looked at a movie and we got to try on a glove from a space suit, a real space suit.”


Galileo I (1985): First orbiter of Jupiter. Launched atmospheric probe. Was later turned to focus on the moons as their attributes became widely known.
Galileo II (2001): Passed through the Jupiter-Io flux tube and had its communications disabled.
Galileo III (2008): Carried the Io lander, which successfully landed near a lava flow. Functioned for three hours.
Galileo IV (2008): Carried Europa lander, which crashed and was unable to send back data. Galileo IV entered orbit around Europa and further mapped the planet and its ocean.
Galileo V (2020): Launched from the surface of the moon. Delivered a submersible that was successfully landed on Europa and melted through the ice. Discovered evidence of biological activity, though no indisputable evidence of life.
Galileo VI (2034): Sample return mission for Io.
Galileo VII (2034): Ganymede lander; sample return rocket failed to ignite.
Galileo VIII (2054): The Europa Biochemical Laboratory successfully touched down on Europa and began a five year mission. A small rover collected samples from cracks and faults in the ice. Biological activity confirmed, yet again no samples of lifeforms discovered.


Space Environment and Space Medicine
1인하대학교 의과대학 이비인후-두경부외과학교실, 2인하대학교 우주항공의과학연구소
1Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Inha University, 2Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, KoreaCorrespondence to:
Received: August 18, 2022; Accepted: August 30, 2022
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Korean J Aerosp Environ Med 2022; 32(3): 77-79
Published December 31, 2022 https://doi.org/10.46246/KJAsEM.220018
Copyright © Aerospace Medical Association of Korea.
The space environment is a harsh space for humans who have evolved for a long time by adapting to the earth environment. The cosmic conditions that humans experience in outer space including the moon and Mars, such as altered gravity, exposure to cosmic radiation, changes in atmospheric pressure, and lunar dust, not only make the human body uncomfortable but also threaten survival. Space medicine is one of a field of environmental medicine that aims to clarify the physiology and response of body to these harmful space conditions. The primary purpose of space medicine is to protect the health and life of astronauts, and to support mission performance to succeed in space exploration. In addition, it contributes to mankind by utilizing and industrializing the knowledge and technology acquired in the process of developing knowledge about medical countermeasures, basic life support in the space.
Aerospace medicine, Environmental medicine, Gravity, Altered
- International Space Exploration Coordination Group. The global exploration roadmap. 3rd ed. [Internet]. Washington, D.C.: NASA; 2018 [updated 2018 Jan; cited 2022 Aug 10]. Available from: https://www.globalspaceexploration.org/wordpress/wp-content/isecg/GER_2018_small_mobile.pdf
- Jeon CH, Yoon SC, Moon KS, Son SM, Shim CK, Jeon EJ, et al. [The near universe, the distant universe]. Seoul: Eum; 2022. pp. 83-99. (Epi; 19). Korean.


After a brief outline of magnetohydrodynamic theory, this introductory book discusses the macroscopic aspects of MHD turbulence, and covers the small-scale scaling properties. Applications are provided for astrophysical and laboratory systems. Magnetic turbulence is the natural state of most astrophysical systems, such as stellar convection zones, stellar winds or accretion discs. It is also found in laboratory devices, most notably in the reversed field pinch.
Title : Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence [Reissue ed.]
author(s) : Dieter Biskamp
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
size : 5 Mb
file type : djvu
please if the url of download is not work , informed me by comment and thank you


Interstellar, Christopher Nolan’s sci-fi masterpiece premiered in 2014 and is both visually and mentally stunning. Using practical effects, film instead of digital and no green screen at all, Nolan creates an intense, beautiful and terrifying vision of space and time, brought to life through masterful visuals and a perfectly suited score. Coupled with the artistic aesthetics and auteur feel of Nolan’s creation, is the realistic and almost entirely accurate science behind the film. Based on the work of Dr Kip Thorne Nolan and his brother built a screenplay with the vision of a sci-fi feel, but with true science and physics behind it, having studied astrophysics for months in preparation for the script.
The narrative follows the former NASA astronaut Cooper (Matthew McConaughey), whom now runs a farm, as he is recruited by physicist Dr Brand (Michael Caine) in the hope he can pilot a team, aboard the ship ‘Endurance’, to travel through a worm hole and find a new planet, capable of sustaining human life. On Earth, blight is causing crops to die, with global starvation the impending consequence.
Cooper, having fought with his daughter Murph about leaving, embarks on the interstellar trip. A crew of four, Cooper, Amelia (Anne Hathaway), Romilly and Doyle begin the trip across time and space. They travel through a worm hole and to a scouted world with the potential of sustaining life. This turns out to be unfortunate, as the world is situated close to a black hole, time is warped, meaning time spent on the planet runs faster than that on Earth. Discovering the planet in uninhabitable and losing Doyle in the process, Cooper and Amelia return to the Endurance to find that the time spent on that planet was catastrophically stretched compared to that on Earth. The three remaining astronauts must now find another suitable world before it is too late for the starving people on Earth.
Nolan perfectly crafts a narrative based on realistic science coupled with theories about love, human relations and survival, making this incredible motion picture breathtakingly beautiful and mentally refreshing. A brilliant film and a brilliant story.


This April, NY State will be in the path of a total solar eclipse. This could be an opportunity for fun STEM explorations with youth in your community! Check out these resources if you are interested in learning more.
NASA has a variety of resources and activities that could help support your local program:
Solar Eclipse Resources from NASA's Night Sky Network
NASA also partners with local libraries to host eclipse events. This could be a wonderful way to grow or start a new collaboration in your community.
The National Informal STEM Education Network (NISE Network) also has a variety of materials and resources for training, promotion, community collaborations, and youth activities for the eclipse.
You can connect with Zoe Learner Ponterio, Outreach Coordinator, at Cornell's Spacecraft Planetary Image Facility (SPIF) and overall champion of 4-H. Among the other wonderful resources available at SPIF, Zoe has an eclipse workshop that she would lead for youth and adults. This workshop could be in-person if you're located in central New York and could also be held virtually. Contact Zoe to learn more.


Getting rockets to orbit
Through my work at Portland State Aerospace Society I have started writing code to do accurate numerical simulations of rocket flight, with special consideration to lifting bodies to orbit in a minimal effort manor. If your into this sort of thing feel free to download it and play with it.
In the summer of 2009 I picked up an old bike off the side of the road and started to restore it. I haven't made it very far yet, but stay tuned.
Maybe make a documentary about space? Who's wants to help?


The SQM Club is a non-profit organization that is committed to preserving the beauty of our night skies by raising awareness of light pollution and promoting dark sky preservation. Through advocacy, education, and citizen science initiatives, the SQM Club aims to empower individuals worldwide to take action against light pollution. In this article, we will delve into the history, mission, and achievements of the SQM Club and explore its current initiatives and future plans.
The Origins and Goals of the SQM Club
The sqm club was founded in 2008 by Dr. Richard Berry, an amateur astronomer and inventor of the Sky Quality Meter (SQM). The SQM is a device that measures the brightness of the night sky and is used by citizen scientists worldwide to monitor light pollution levels. The SQM Club’s goal is to create a global network of dark sky advocates and citizen scientists who can use the SQM to promote dark sky preservation and protect our night skies. In this section, we will explore the origins and goals of the SQM Club and how it has evolved over the years.
Advocacy and Awareness Campaigns
The SQM Club is committed to raising awareness of the impacts of light pollution on the environment, wildlife, public health, and cultural heritage. The organization has launched several advocacy and awareness campaigns, such as “Losing the Dark” and “Globe at Night,” to educate individuals about light pollution and promote dark sky preservation. In this section, we will examine the SQM Club’s advocacy and awareness campaigns and their impact on communities worldwide.
Citizen Science Projects
The SQM Club is also committed to promoting citizen science by engaging individuals in scientific research projects aimed at monitoring light pollution and promoting dark sky preservation. The organization has launched several citizen science projects, such as “Urban Star Project” and “Great World Wide Star Count,” which invite individuals worldwide to observe the stars and submit their observations. In this section, we will explore the SQM Club’s citizen science projects and their contribution to scientific research.
Resources and Educational Programs
The SQM Club provides a wealth of resources and educational materials for individuals interested in learning more about light pollution, dark sky preservation, and astronomy. These resources include light pollution maps, observing guides, educational videos, and online courses. The organization also provides educational programs for schools, museums, and public outreach events. In this section, we will examine the SQM Club’s resources and educational programs and their impact on public awareness.
The Future of the SQM Club and Dark Sky Preservation
As light pollution continues to increase globally, the work of the SQM Club remains critical in promoting dark sky preservation and empowering citizen scientists. In this section, we will explore the SQM Club’s future plans, including its focus on expanding its network of dark sky advocates and citizen scientists, promoting dark sky tourism, and supporting research into the impacts of light pollution. We will also examine the broader implications of the SQM Club’s work for environmental conservation and public health.
The SQM Club has established itself as a leading advocate for dark sky preservation and citizen science worldwide. Through its advocacy, education, and citizen science initiatives, the organization has raised awareness of the impacts of light pollution and empowered individuals to take action. As we continue to face the challenges of light pollution, theM SQC lub’s work remains essential, and its impact on communities worldwide will continue to grow.
Q: Can anyone use the Sky Quality Meter? A: Yes, the Sky Quality Meter is designed to be easy to use, and anyone can learn to use it to measure the brightness of the night


Manama, June 14 (BNA): The National Space Science Authority (NSSA) participated in the launch of the Global Health and Space Network meeting, at the invitation of the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA).
The meeting is part of the 66th session of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, highlighting some of the most prominent international efforts to harness space technologies for peaceful purposes to promote sustainable development.
Commenting on her participation, space engineer Amina Al Balushi emphasized that UNOOSA meetings provide a unique opportunity for members to meet and learn about the latest developments in space science technology and its applications.
Aerospace engineer Ali Al Mahmoud highlighted NSSA’s efforts to lead Bahrain into the space sector and to participate in various international meetings and workshops.
Participants discussed the efforts of the UK and Switzerland to launch space, global health networks and the IMPLEMENTOME platform. This digital health platform allows users to navigate digital health data and locate different health institutions.
During the meeting, the UK Space Life and Biomedical Sciences Society highlighted its goals of improving communication and collaboration between individuals and institutions involved in research, healthcare, awareness campaigns and education in space and life sciences and human spaceflight.
#NSSA #participates #Space #Global #Health #Network #meeting


Chien Recognized for Gravitational and Space Research and Mentoring
March 14, 2022 - Yu-Chien (Alice) Chien, associate project scientist in mechanical and aerospace engineering, received the 2021 Thora W. Halstead Young Investigator Award from the American Society for Gravitational and Space Research (ASGSR) at their annual meeting held late last year. Chien was honored for her commitment to space research in microgravity combustion and her exceptional mentoring of researchers at all levels.
“This award was a complete surprise, and my academic colleagues kept asking me whether I knew about it ahead of time,” said Chien. The award honors young scientists who exemplify Halstead’s drive and enthusiasm for science and who have made significant contributions to gravitational and space research. Halstead was a NASA scientist and pioneer of space biology. The award is dedicated to her in recognition of the years she spent encouraging young scientists to enter the research field.
Chien’s contributions, as both researcher and mentor, are primarily in combustion science. She served as the lead project scientist from UCI remotely running an electric-field-and-flame-interaction experiment on the International Space Station as part of the Advanced Combustion Microgravity Experiments suite of NASA studies. She also recently was awarded a grant from NASA to use data from its Physical Sciences Information system to improve numerical simulations of flames under the influence of electric fields in microgravity. She serves as an excellent spokesperson for microgravity science and has delivered a variety of invited talks, news reports and direct mentoring presentations to young researchers.
Her nominator noted Chien’s willingness to break boundaries, stretch the envelope of customary practice, and demand fairness and conscientious treatment of all – independent of race, gender, culture and ethnicity. “She recognizes the challenges of being the pathfinder across the male-dominated environment prevalent in engineering, and she accepts that struggle for herself and provides the support and encouragement for those in similar circumstances.”
– Lori Brandt


A Smiley Face in Space!
Did you know the Hubble Space Telescope has recently taken a photo of a smiley face floating in outer space? The latest "Inside Life" magazine features this image on its cover
and explains it on page 2. And page 9 has a photo of a huge heart shape found on the face of Pluto. Could these be love notes from a Creator God? In fact they are physical phenomena discovered by the marvels of scientific technology. But can religion PROVE that God exists, or science PROVE there is no God? Read the latest "Inside Life" at www.insidelife.org.nz


So, this is my first day's work on the life-hacks and pro tips.
Browse this blog and gain knowledge. As we all know, knowledge is power.
This blog is dedicated to restore honor on the basics in life. Things that people should know or want to know. Or even the things you thought you didn't want to know about life, but now you kinda do.
So, restoring honor is the keyword for this day.
Meanwhile hurricane Earl is powering up. But I simply don't care. I'd rather read some Dilbert comics and shit.
However, there's something nice to say as well:
Many people are intrigued to hear about the two moon phenomenon due today, Friday August 27, but sadly there really isn’t any such thing. Rumors always surface at this time of year and because the stories seem so complex many people are fooled into thinking its true.
For example it’s said that the two moons are actually the usual moon and Mars which only rarely comes so close, therefore it appears as though there are two moons. People say that after the sun goes down if you have clear skies it will be visible all over the globe, that it only happens every 1,000 years and that it won’t happen again until the year 2287, according to Marci Stone over on the Examiner.
However the Examiner also reports that in fact this is all a hoax in an email that is currently doing the rounds. NASA in fact says this phenomenon does not exist and that there is no such thing as two moons in the sky. Apparently the rumor began in 2003 and seems to re-surface every year at the end of August. Over on The Money Times an article by Jaspreet Virk also debunks the rumors that the ‘mars close to earth’ search term that is also popular at the moment, and says that is far from true.
In fact Mars will be able to be seen tonight, but merely as a red star and NASA say it is still some 314 million km away from Earth. Are you disappointed that there will be no ‘two moons’ tonight? We’d be interested to hear what you think about this so please do send us your comments.


Easter vs. the Rest of the Year
tragic and messy
i want every frame of this tattooed on my body and then i want it on my gravestone
children in a nutshell
I know I’ve reblogged this like 10 times but it’s still funny.
"Our entire universe emerged from a point smaller than a single atom. Space itself exploded in a cosmic fire, launching the expansion of the universe and giving birth to all the energy and all the matter we know today. I know that sounds crazy, but there is strong observational evidence to support the big bang theory. And it includes the amount of helium in the cosmos and the glow of radio waves left over from the explosion.”
- Neil deGrasse Tyson, Cosmos


There has talk for some days about whether Comet ISON has fragmented. The sungrazing comet experts were saying no, but Monday morning Karl Battams – one of the great communicators at NASA’s Comet ISON Observing Campaign website – said that something is happening to the comet. There are signs it may be fragmenting. He wrote:
There’s evidence that ISON’s nucleus might not be holding up well (by which I mean falling apart!) It was always a possibility…we’ll see!
Later, he added:
It is absolutely conceivable that ISON remains in one piece, and is just being a sungrazer.
In other words, the word isn’t in yet on whether ISON is still intact.
The evidence for ISON’s possible disintegration comes in the form of a rapid drop in emissions, in recent days, from a certain kind of molecule (hydrogen cyanide molecule) known to be embedded in cometary ice. At his Bad Astronomy blog on Slate, Phil Plait explained that it’s the ice of a comet like ISON that holds the comet together. ISON is full of fresh ice. It’s a first-time visitor from the Oort comet cloud surrounding our solar system. If enough ice boils off the comet as it gets closer to the sun, the comet will literally fall apart.
But how much ice has ISON lost? Enough so that the comet will fall apart? Meanwhile, dust has also been observed to be pouring from the comet. These signs could mean that ISON’s nucleus has completely disrupted. Or not.
Why don’t astronomers know what will happen? Karl Battams explained:
… these reports are new, and while they are undoubtedly valid, we do still need to keep observing the comet to be sure what it happening. Remember: Comet ISON is a dynamically new sungrazing comet, fresh in from the Oort Cloud, and the last time we saw an object like this was never! Furthermore, a sungrazing comet just three days from perihelion has never been studied in this kind of detail – we’re breaking new ground here! When we factor in your standard ‘comets are unpredictable’ disclaimer, what we have is a huge recipe for the unknown.
We do know that, after traveling at least a million years from the Oort Cloud, Comet ISON is now plummeting fast toward the sun. Its perihelion or closest point to the sun will be on November 28 – Thanksgiving Day in the U.S. At perihelion, the comet will be traveling at 248 miles per second, encountering solar temperatures of up to 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
Thus this week will bring Comet ISON’s moment of truth, its day of reckoning. The comet is close to the sun on our sky’s dome now and won’t be seen from Earth this week except, perhaps, by a few experienced observers. However, NASA and ESA’s fleet of sun-observing spacecraft will be watching it.
If it survives its passage near the sun, Comet ISON will return to our skies in early December, and, indeed, early December may be the best time to try to see the comet … if there is a comet left to see.
Courtesy - earthsky.org


On Monday we had a blast shooting the solar eclipse during our lunch break from our front yard in Crystal Springs! For the last few weeks, we went back and forth about the idea of traveling into the path of totality to capture the eclipse in totality, but we chickened out...next time (2023 to be exact, full eclipse in 2024 just a stones throw away to totality in Arkansas). It was truly beautiful from our own home as well! We shot the eclipse on a Canon C-100 with a polarizing filter, on ND 6, F45, and a 100-300mm Canon telescopic lens and viewed it with our bare eyeballs...not really.. A lot of photography jargon, but basically we could have benefitted from a few more stops of ND (neutral density) to further darken the image, however it turned out better than expected. I find particular interest in celestial events so this was certainly a day to be remembered. We plan to film/photograph some different time lapses soon, so keep an eye out (a protected eye)! Until next time, keep those eyes from the scorching of the sun, and stay safe.


An enormous star dating back 12.9 billion years is the oldest ever to be detected, say astronomers.
Over fifty times bigger than the sun, its light has only just reached Earth. We are seeing it around 900 million years after the Big Bang.
The discovery – described as an ‘extraordinary new benchmark’ – could help explain the evolution of the universe.
Co-author Dr Selma de Mink, of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Germany, said: ‘It’s kind of like finding an old photograph of your great-grandparents.
‘These stars are basically our ‘stellar ancestors’. We are, after all, made out of the elements they once produced. Yet we have so many unanswered questions.’
Named Earendel, or ‘morning star’ in Old English, it beats the previous record by almost four billion years.
The observations – based on data collected by Hubble – are a huge leap further back in time.
Co-author Dr Guillaume Mahler, of Durham University, said: ‘This might be the earliest star we will ever see since the Big Bang.
‘It was so surprising. It is so much younger than the previous entry of nine billion years – at first I didn’t believe it.’
It is believed to be one of the most massive stars out there – millions of times brighter than our own.
Even so, Earendel would be impossible to spot at such a great distance without the aid of a huge cluster of galaxies that sit in its path.
They warp the fabric of space – creating a powerful natural magnifying glass that distorts and greatly amplifies the light from distant objects behind.
Dr Mahler said: ‘Gravitational lensing is like observing galaxies under the microscope and with technology such as the Hubble telescope, you start to see what is inside.’
Thanks to the rare alignment Earendel appears virtually directly on a ‘ripple’ – providing maximum illumination.
It pops out from the general glow of its home galaxy – its brightness magnified by a factor of thousands.
The effect is similar to little waves on the surface of a swimming pool – creating patterns of light on the bottom. They act as lenses – focusing sunlight.
Lead author Brian Welch, a PhD student at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, said: ‘We almost didn’t believe it at first – it was so much farther than the previous most distant star.
‘Normally at these distances, entire galaxies look like small smudges. This galaxy has been magnified and distorted by gravitational lensing into a long crescent that we named the ‘Sunrise Arc’.
‘Studying Earendel will be a window into an era of the universe that we are unfamiliar with – but that led to everything we know.
‘It’s like we’ve been reading a really interesting book but we started with the second chapter – and now we will have a chance to see how it all got started.’
Earendel is described in Nature. It will remain highly magnified for years to come as its infrared light is stretched by the universe’s expansion.
Nasa’s recently launched James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is highly sensitive to these longer wavelengths.
Co-author Dr Dan Coe, of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, said: ‘With Webb we expect to confirm Earendel is indeed a star – as well as measure its brightness and temperature.
‘We also expect to find the Sunrise Arc is lacking in heavy elements that form in subsequent generations of stars. This would suggest Earendel is a rare massive metal-poor star.’
Precise details of the star remain uncertain – something the authors say JWST will determine in the future.
Dr de Mink added: ‘Most exciting for me is some of the black holes recently detected by gravitational waves are remnants of stars that lived back then.
‘I hope Earendel and future similar discoveries will help us understand a little more about the origin of these black holes.’
Source: Read Full Article


What is Happening to Virgin Galactic Shares?
In the last couple of weeks, Virgin Galactic has become one of the most discussed companies in the world. So, today we want to tell you why a space operations company owned by the billionaire Richard Branson invaded the newsfeed, what is happening to its shares, and what forecasts about the company’s future our analyst has to offer.
The regulator allowed Virgin Galactic passenger flights to space
On June 25th, Virgin Galactic published on its official website that it had received a permit from the US Federal Aviation Administration to take passengers on its space flights. This announcement made the first much-heralded and discussed by the general public and investors flight to space with a complete crew more probable.
The stock market literally went nuts for this news: at the end of that very day’s trading session, Virgin Galactic Holdings Inc (NYSE:SPCE) shares skyrocketed by 38.87% and reached $55.91 per share.
The space operations company decided not to stall for time with the flight date and announced that it would happen on July 11th. At that moment, the media took this announcement as Richard Branson’s intention to surpass Jeff Bezos in a space race. We remind you that the Amazon founder earlier said that he would fly into space on its spaceship Blue Origin on July 20th.
Virgin Galactic’s first passenger flight
On July 9th, the last day before the launch of VSS Unity with a complete crew aboard, Virgin Galactic shares ended the trading session at $49.2, thus plunging by 6.62%. If compared with the price on June 25th, which we described above, the company’s shares lost 12%.
On June 11th, a launch plane lifted to a 15-kilometer altitude, and then the spaceship, after launching its own engines, reached 86 kilometers on its own. Several minutes of zero gravity and return to Earth – everything went perfect.
Fall of Virgin Galactic shares
Before the trading session started on June 12th, the next day after the epic success of the space operations company, it became known that it was planning to issue 100 million common shares and raise $500 million.
The news about the additional issue of shares ruined the price of Virgin Galactic shares. On that day, they finished the trading session at $40,69 with a 17.3% decline. On June 13th, they continued falling, although not as fast as earlier: -7,2%, at $37.76.
Tech analysis of Virgin Galactic shares by Maksim Artyomov
“Virgin Galactic shares have been falling for the third consecutive trading session since the announcement of additional issue of shares. At the moment, they are trading at $37. Considering the ascending tendency, we may assume that the current decline is a correction, which may reach the 200-day Moving Average.
The target here is the support area at $30. After testing the 200-day Moving Average, the price may rebound and start a new rising impulse. At the same time, one shouldn’t exclude another trading idea, which implies a test of $30 and, a breakout of the support area, and a further downtrend towards the ascending channel’s downside border”.
Virgin Galactic managed to carry out its first flight into space with a complete crew onboard. In anticipation of this event, the company’s shares were steadily skyrocketing. However, the next day after Richard Branson “conquered” space, it became known that the space operations company would issue and sell additional shares worth $500 million. Virgin Galactic plummeted and reached $37.76.
Many analysts believe that this very company is leading the space tourism race. We remind you that Morgan Stanley experts are sure that this area will make a $1 trillion profit every year by 2040. We’ll keep following the events on such a promising market – it’s pretty interesting who will eventually win this race.
What else to read about space companies' shares on R Blog?
- Why Did Virgin Galactic Shares Grow?
- Virgin Galactic: Space Investments are Getting Popular
- Musk’s Magic Tweets: Etsy’s Stocks 11% Up


Contact us for workshop dates and availability by completing the enquiry form below.
Space STEM kite workshops
- The history of space travel
- What you dont know about the loner moon landing of Apollo 11
- Gravity – what is it?
- Gravity experiments
- Who was the first person to land on the moon?
- Space facts
- Space craft video clips
- Choosing a themed template and tracing the image onto your blank material diamond kite and colouring it with vibrant eye catching colours.
- Designing your own kite that can be taken home.
- Constructing the kite as part of engineering and the importance of the kite being aerodynamic to fly high.
- Flying the kite at the end of the workshop.


By Jenna Jolie
The Myanmar calendar, also known as the Burmese calendar, is a combination of lunar and solar elements, which sets it apart from other calendars around the world. In this article, we will delve into the traditional Burmese calendar, explore the calendar system currently used in Myanmar, and unravel the intricacies of the Burmese lunar calendar.
The Traditional Burmese Calendar
The traditional Burmese calendar, known as the Burmese Era (BE) or Myanmar Era (ME), primarily relies on a lunisolar system, a hybrid of lunar and solar calendars. A lunar month typically comprises 12 months. The days alternate between 29 and 30, which results in an average lunar year of 354 days. This contrasts with the approximately 365.25 days in a solar year. Consequently, to harmonize the lunar calendar with the solar year, some form of addition, known as intercalation, is necessary. The Burmese calendar distinguishes itself from the older Hindu calendar by adopting a variation of the Metonic cycle. This unique feature necessitates reconciling the sidereal years of the Hindu calendar with the near-tropical years of the Metonic cycle by adding intermediate months and days at irregular intervals.
The Burmese calendar has maintained its presence in various states of Burma since its inception in the Kingdom of Sri Kshetra, dating back to 640 AD during the Pyu period. Furthermore, it served as the official calendar in other mainland Southeast Asian kingdoms like Lanna (Thailand), Lan Xang (Laos), and Cambodia until the late 19th century. Nowadays, the traditional Burmese calendar continues to coexist alongside the Gregorian calendar as one of the two official calendars in Myanmar, deeply intertwining with Myanmar's rich cultural heritage and religious beliefs. Traditional holidays, including the Burmese New Year and various Burmese Buddhist festivals, are calculated according to the traditional Burmese calendar. It plays a pivotal role in calculating auspicious dates for important ceremonies, such as weddings and ordinations.
Moreover, Buddhist monks rely on this calendar for scheduling religious observances, including the three-month Buddhist Lent (Vassa). Buddhism plays a central role in the lunar calendar, and many of the lunar days are associated with important events in the life of the Buddha. For example, the full moon day of Kason is celebrated as Buddha Day, commemorating his birth, enlightenment, and death. Similarly, the full moon day of Thadingyut is a time of festivity, marking the end of the Buddhist Lent.
The traditional Burmese Calendar primarily relies on a lunisolar system
What are the twelve Burmese months?
The Burmese calendar consists of twelve months, and each month is associated with specific lunar phases. Here are the twelve Burmese months:
These months have their unique significance and are associated with various cultural and religious festivals in Myanmar.
What Calendar Is Used in Myanmar?
Nowadays, the majority of people in Myanmar follow a dual calendar system: the widely recognized Gregorian calendar and the traditional Burmese calendar. The Gregorian calendar is widely used in government, schools, and commerce, aligning Myanmar with international standards and facilitating communication and coordination with the rest of the world. On the other hand, the traditional one is still utilized to commemorate religious observances, state celebrations, and astrological phenomena. It originated in 638 C.E., roughly the same time as King Popa Sawrahan's introduction as an upgrade to the ancient Hindu calendar.
This duality between the Gregorian calendar for official and business purposes and the Burmese calendar for cultural and religious events showcases Myanmar's rich cultural diversity and ability to blend tradition with modernity harmoniously.
The majority of Myanmar people use the Gregorian calendar and the traditional Burmese calendar
What is the first month of the Myanmar calendar?
While the Gregorian calendar is governed by the sun's movements, the Myanmar calendar is uniquely lunisolar, incorporating both solar and lunar aspects.
The first year of the Myanmar calendar is Tagu, which typically commences from March or April on the Gregorian calendar, marking the transition of the sun's apparent position from Pisces (Mina) to Ares (Mesa). This is a time of great significance and merriment. At its heart is the Myanmar New Year Festival, which usually falls on the 13th of April and is celebrated with great enthusiasm and jubilation. This festival, rooted in the Tagaung Period but gaining prominence during the Bagan Dynasty, features the Thingyan water festival. Water symbolizes coolness, clarity, and the cleansing of impurities, and the act of pouring or splashing water on one another is believed to usher in a sense of purity and good fortune for the New Year. Tagu is probably the most expected month, as it is not just a joyous occasion for the people of Myanmar. It welcomes all, inviting anyone who wishes to partake in the celebrations, spreading happiness and a sense of togetherness, both within Myanmar and for those who join the festivities.
A Myanmar week comprises seven days, each symbolizing a cardinal direction, animal sign, and celestial body, except for Wednesday, which signifies two of each. A day in the Myanmar calendar, called a "yet," is further subdivided into units of 60: one "yet" comprises 60 "nayi" (24 minutes), one "nayi" comprises 60 "bizana" (24 seconds), and one "bizana" consists of 60 "kaya" (0.4 seconds).
The first year of the Myanmar calendar is Tagu
The Myanmar calendar plays a vital part in the country's unique culture. Myanmar people commemorate the traditions and festivals based on their calendar, preserving national identity from generation to generation. While the Gregorian calendar has become the standard for administrative and business purposes, the traditional Burmese calendar continues to hold a significant place in the hearts of the people.
The Burmese lunar calendar, in particular, showcases the deep connection between Myanmar and Buddhism and the influence of celestial events on the people's daily lives. The lunar calendar's unique structure and its reliance on lunar days and planetary positions make it an essential part of Burmese culture and tradition.
In the ever-changing world, the Myanmar calendar remains a symbol of continuity and resilience, embodying the country's ability to embrace modernity while cherishing its age-old customs. It's a reminder that the passage of time is not merely a matter of numbers and dates but a profound reflection of the nation's history, culture, and spirituality.


MEMS To The Moon
November 24, 2010
Micralyne’s work is officially out of this world. This renowned pure play foundry has seen their customers’ MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) reach as far as the shadowed poles of the moon while part of NASA’s LCROSS (Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite) water detection mission.
The increasing ubiquity of MEMS components in such applications as sensors for automotive applications, motion sensors for smartphones and video game systems, is driven by the potential for MEMS to deliver smaller, more cost-effective and reliable devices than many conventional technologies. Micralyne has been successfully manufacturing these technically precise MEMS in a variety of industries and in doing so passed several automotive certifications, met Telcordia specifications, military specifications, and FDA specifications for appliances within the human body, making it one of the world’s leading MEMS foundries.
Recently, it was noteworthy that standard production parts for a commercial spectrometer, the Polychromator, which Micralyne played a role in fabricating – specifically in post-processing, assembly and test – were certified and used by NASA aboard the recent LCROSS mission. Micralyne has worked with Polychromix (now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific) for a decade on this MEMS component.
The Polychromator is an electrically programmable micro-mirror array which acts as a variable infrared diffraction grating, which served the infrared portion of the suite of spectrometers on the LCROSS mission. NASA chose the Polychromator technology due to its need for low power consumption and high reliability. The objective of LCROSS was to detect water on the moon in the permanently dark crater bottoms at the lunar poles. Future missions on the surface could potentially utilize this water in applications from life sustaining supplies on a base station, to fuel for exploration and or return missions, thus making it essential to evaluate its concentration and form.
The mission itself made headlines not only because of the advances that could be made in space exploration but also in the form of promises of an exciting visual display. This was to occur when the Centaur rocket upper stage was to deliberately impact the lunar surface to provide the energy to create a vapour plume to analyze. However, it was only those working for NASA who were able to witness the spectacular four minute event recorded from the LRO (Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter). While the collision failed to deliver the promised visual display to Earth-based observers, the on-board spectrometers, including the infrared ones that Micralyne helped create, performed with flying colours, in a very literal sense. The infrared signature showed a 5.6% concentration of water in the soil, in the form of ice and vapour, as well as signatures for methane and sulphur dioxide. It just goes to show that you had to be there – and we were.
To learn more about this mission refer to the following:
How Wet is the Moon – Science Magazine
Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume – Science Magazine
The Moon Is Wet! – ScienceNOW
Thermo Fisher Scientific (Formerly Polychromix)


Created by Reading Information Technology Incorporated (RITI) using Celestial Explorer: Earth. The product was developed using RITI's own SICOM component software engine for spatial (GIS) application development. Through Celestial Explorer: Earth, users can get a view of Earth from anywhere in space, as well as observe topographic features through whole earth image mosaics generated from NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, or MODIS, located onboard the Terra satellite. Also shown: Moon emispheric map and Hemispheric Mars map centered at Marineris Valles.
Author: Reading Information Technology Inc., United States
Software: CARIS Spatial Framework is the core of the RITI engine SICOM that was used to build Celestial Explorer: Earth
Data Source: NASA Terra MODIS images


The Sun's surface is strewn with complex magnetic fields. Only electricity can produce magnetic fields. Therefore, the Sun must be understood in terms of electric circuits - Nun, Isis, Maat, Nut, Hathor and Neith provide an explanation for these circuits.
Aker explains the Sun and its environment in terms of electrodynamics and circuit theory.
In its relationship to the galactic environment the Sun is shown as the anode or positively charged body.
On Earth, when a high-voltage power transmission line discharges into the surrounding air the noisy glow is called a 'corona discharge.' Much the same phenomenon occurs in the corona discharge of the Sun.
The equatorial plasma current ring or torus that surrounds the positively charged Sun is clearly visible when viewed from the Suns poles, and was taken by Spacecraft Ulysses on its polar orbit. The image provides conclusive proof that the Egyptian civilization was aided by advanced life or Gods.
Because this hieroglyph has always been known and understood as meaning the Sun


The Lunar Eclipse Somehow Reminded Me of Death
December 21, 2010 § 1 Comment
The lunar eclipse that’s happening this very night is more significant than any other lunar eclipses of our time. Why? It coincides with the winter solstice. This extremely rare event – according to astronomers – occurred in December 21, 1638, and also happened to land on a Tuesday morning. A similar event like this is going to happen in the year 2094. I believe only the babies alive today will see it if they are lucky enough to surpass living more than 80 years…AND if their 80+ year old eyes are strong enough to see it.
It’s definitely unlikely for me to be alive in the year 2094. I’d be 105 years old. You see, the idea of death lies dormant in my conscious mind. It’s not something I think about everyday. When I really think hard about the fact, it scares me, and that’s an understatement. I don’t intend on sounding so depressing. My complex mind thought of it when I didn’t want to.
This phenomenal occurrence caused me to imagine what kind of death I will undergo. I’m most definitely afraid of drowning or dying in a fire – that’s the worst. If I could choose, I’d rather die overdosing on Tylenol and massive amounts of alcohol in my system. You just go to sleep and then…you’re gone. No pain, no nothing, as what I’ve read from multiple sources.
Looking at this “death” situation in a better light, I guess I could use it to make my life better like making my life worth living. As the cliché saying goes, “Live everyday as if it was your last”. That pretty much sums it all up.
In all my 21 years alive, I wasn’t actually living — I was existing. You may think I’m strange. Don’t ask me how a damn lunar eclipse made me think so deeply about life and death.


Biblical Astronomy: The Hebrew Mazzaroth
This page is my little introduction to some resources on Biblical astronomy.
This is not to be confused with astrology, which is the study that assumes
and attempts to interpret the influence of the heavenly bodies on human
affairs. Biblical astronomy recognizes that God created the heavens and
they are for signs to us. They are also the origin of our marking of time.
Most people today have grown up with the names of the 12 signs of the
Zodiac as their only education on the naming of stars and constellations.
In reality, the names remain the same today as ancient cultures called them
before the flood. In fact each name carries a meaning that, when put together
in the constellation, tells a story. Curious what that story is? Read on...
And God said,
Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day
from the night; and let them be for
and for seasons, and for days, and years: And let them be for lights
in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it
was so. And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the
day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also.
And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the
earth, And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the
light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good. And the evening
and the morning were the fourth day.
There’s some truly amazing “coincidences” that happen
in the stars. In reality, I don’t believe in coincidences like these.
I would recommend a background understanding of the Hebrew Mazzaroth. Chuck
Missler has a great mp3 download for $7.95 called
Signs in the Heavens where he goes over some of these ancient constellations
that spell out the plan of salvation in the stars starting with what we
call Virgo (representing the virgin birth of the Messiah) and end with Leo
(the Lion of the tribe of Judah).
by Lyuben Piperov: Sofia, Bulgaria
The Lord Jesus said that
in the time of the end there will be a sign in the sky, “the
sign of the Son of man in heaven” (Matthew 24:30), the
Greek word translated ‘heaven’ here being used both for
the abode of God and the celestial firmament. There are two ways of
interpreting such prophecies, the figurative/metaphorical way and the
literal/physical way. In the last few centuries more attention has been
paid to the former method than to the latter, but I would like to share
with readers a recent discovery I have made of a literal fulfillment
of the prophecy.
The link between the Lord Jesus and the fish
is well known. In the Gospels we read that some of the disciples of
Jesus were fishermen, that Jesus fed thousands of hungry people with
bread and fish miraculously multiplied, and that he caused large numbers
of fish to be caught by miraculous means. Later the fish became a symbol
of Christianity, because in Greek the initial letters of the statement ‘Jesus
Christ, God’s Son, Savior’ make the Greek word for fish.
There is a remarkable astronomical link with this fact, which we will
The constellations are arbitrarily divided areas
of the sky in which are stars that may be quite different from each
other in brightness, spectral class and distance from the earth. There
are eighty-eight of them today. Some were named by Europeans less than
500 years ago during expeditions into the southern hemisphere. The twelve
constellations of the Zodiac, through which the sun makes its annual
course (as it appears to us), have long been identified as such, the
identification of some constellations being traceable back to the Babylonians
or even to more ancient Near East civilizations. The constellation known
as Pisces has been known as such since the first century A.D., and,
together with Venus as the Bright Morning Star, played a major role
in East Mediterranean astrology.1
During the era of the great geographical discoveries, when the oceans
were widely explored, there arose a need for a unified method of naming
stars, the only navigational aids in the open seas. The German astronomer
Johannes Bayer (1572-1625) introduced, in his 1603 stellar atlas
Uranometria Nova, the practice of designating the brightest stars
in the constellations by the letters of the Greek alphabet. Today it
is not the only method of denoting stars, but, apart from the individual
names given to the brightest stars, it is the most convenient one.
Usually the brightest star in a constellation is designated
alpha (α), the first
letter in the Greek alphabet, but this is not so in the case of the
constellation Pisces. Here the star designated omega
(ω), the last letter of the Greek alphabet, is
slightly brighter than alpha and much brighter than the star
beta (β), the second letter.
It is in fact the third brightest star, after eta
(η) and gamma
(γ), among the approximately seventy-five stars
in Pisces visible to the naked eye. The reason for this change from
the normal way of designating stars in a constellation remains a puzzle.
At this point, let me remind you of what the Lord Jesus says of
himself in the book of Revelation: “I
am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last”
(Revelation 22:13; cf. Revelation 1:8,17; Revelation 2:8; Revelation
21:6). In the same chapter he refers to himself as “the
bright and morning star” (Revelation 22:16).
present the sun is in Pisces at the time of the vernal (spring) equinox.2
However, due to a slight wobbling of the earth on its axis, the position
of the sun within the twelve constellations of the Zodiac gradually
moves backwards over the years, the whole process being calculated as
taking 26,000 years before it is back in the same position again.3
As there are twelve Zodiac constellations, this means that the sun remains
in a particular constellation of the Zodiac at the time of the spring
equinox for just over 2,000 years. The sun moved into the constellation
of Pisces, the Fishes—representative, as shown above, of the Lord Jesus
Christ—shortly before his birth, and is calculated to leave Pisces and
enter Aquarius, the Water Carrier, in the next 100 years. The present
age is therefore sometimes referred to as the Age of Pisces.
We now need to consider the concept of the meridian. This is an imaginary
line running from the horizon due north of an observer through the heavens
to the horizon due south of an observer. The meridian at the vernal
equinox is called the zero meridian, and it runs through the constellation
of Pisces in which the sun is situated. At the time of the birth of
Jesus Christ the nearest visible star in Pisces to the zero meridian
would have been that designated alpha (α).
However, due to the slow movement of the sun through the Zodiac, mentioned
above (the precession of the equinoxes), the nearest star in Pisces
to the zero meridian, in fact the nearest of all the 1,800 brightest
stars as listed in a star catalogue, is now that designated
omega (ω). It is calculated
that it will be exactly on the zero meridian early in 2012.
is surely significant that, in the constellation with a name that is
particularly identified with the Lord Jesus, a star designated
alpha by astronomers was closest to the zero meridian
at the time of His birth, and a star designated omega
is closest to the zero meridian at the time when we expect him to return.
This is especially so when, as explained above, astronomers have departed
from their normal convention and designated one of the brightest stars
in the constellation omega.
is more. I mentioned above the fact that the planet Venus was referred
to as the Bright Morning Star by the ancients,4
a title used of the Lord Jesus in Revelation 22, in close proximity
to the reference to him as “Alpha and Omega”. On 30 March
Venus became the ‘Morning Star’ and will remain so till
the end of 2001. Moreover, for the period 24 January to 10 June (137
days) it was situated in the constellation of Pisces, a rare astronomical
event. Such a long sojourn in one constellation was only possible because,
instead of moving straight on through the heavens, the path of Venus
in our skies performed a loop within the constellation of Pisces. Also,
on 11 and 12 April Venus passed very close to the star omega
(ω) in Pisces, probably the closest for millennia.
Whatever might be the figurative application of Matthew 24:30, these
remarkable astronomical phenomena surely provide a literal fulfillment
of “the sign of the Son of man in heaven”, and warn us that
the day of his return is near.
- See the article, “Starry fish in the firmament”,
E. C. Krupp, Sky and Telescope, USA, Dec. 1998. 16).
- The term ‘equinox’ refers to the two occasions
each year, spring and autumn, when day and night are of
- This phenomenon is called ‘the precession of the
- Venus orbits between the earth and the sun. It is therefore
visible (when it can be seen at all) either for a few hours before
sunrise or for a few hours after sunset, never throughout the night.
This led the ancients to refer to it as both the Morning Star and
the Evening Star, thinking they were different ‘stars’.
The First Book. The Redeemer. “The sufferings of Christ.”
The Second Book. The Redeemed.
- VIRGO (A) The prophecy of the promised seed.
- COMA. (= The desired). The woman and child the desired of
all nations (in the most ancient Zodiacs).
- CENTAURUS (with two natures). The despised sin-offering.
- BOOTES. The coming One with branch.
- LIBRA (B) The Redeemer’s atoning work.
- CRUX. The Cross endured.
- LUPUS. The Victim slain.
- CORONA. The Crown bestowed.
- SCORPIO (B) The Redeemer’s conflict.
- SERPENS. Assaulting the man’s heel.
- OPHIUCHUS. The man grasping the serpent.
- HERCULES. The mighty man victorious.
- SAGITTARIUS (A) The Redeemer’s triumph.
- LYRA. Praise prepared for the Conqueror.
- ARA. Fire prepared for His enemies.
- DRACO. The dragon cast down.
The Third Book. The Redeemer. “The glory that should follow.”
- CAPRICORNUS (C) The result of the Redeemer’s
- SAGITTA. The arrow of God sent forth.
- AQUILA. The smitten One falling.
- DELPHINUS. The dead One rising again.
- AQUARIUS (D) The Blessings assured.
- PISCIS AUSTRALIS. The blessings bestowed.
- PEGASUS. The blessings quickly coming.
- CYGNUS. The Blesser surely returning.
- PISCES (D) The Blessings in abeyance.
- THE BAND. The great enemy, “Cetus.”
- ANDROMEDA. The redeemed in bondage.
- CEPHEUS. The Deliverer coming to loosen.
- ARIES (C) The Blessings consummated.
- CASSIOPEIA. The captive delivered.
- CETUS. The great enemy bound.
- PERSEUS. The “Breaker” delivering.
- TAURUS (E) Messiah coming to rule.
- ORION. The Redeemer breaking forth as Light.
- ERIDANUS. Wrath breaking forth as a flood.
- AURIGA. Safety for His redeemed in the day of wrath.
- GEMINI (F) Messiah as Prince of princes.
- LEPUS. The enemy trodden under foot.
- CANIS MAJOR. The coming glorious Prince.
- CANIS MINOR. The exalted Redeemer.
- CANCER (F) Messiah’s redeemed possessions.
- URSA MINOR. The lesser sheepfold.
- URSA MAJOR. The fold and the flock.
- ARGO. The pilgrim’s arrival at home.
- LEO (E) Messiah’s consummated triumph.
- HYDRA. The
old serpent destroyed.
The cup of wrath poured put.
The birds of prey devouring.
The Hebrew Mazzeroth By Chuck Missler
Can you bind
the sweet influences of Pleiades, or loose the bands of Orion?
Can you bring forth Mazzaroth in his season?
or can you guide Arcturus with his sons? Do you know the ordinances
of heaven? can you set the dominion thereof in the earth?
In the Torah, we are told that astrology is not simply a superstition,
but a capital crime - punishable by death! Many people tend to get astronomy
and astrology mixed up, however no astronomer takes astrology seriously,
there is simply no feasible basis for it. For example, a French statistician
sent the horoscope for one of the worst mass-murderer’s in history
to 150 people and asked how well it fit them, 94% thought they recognized
themselves in the description. An Australian researcher reversed the
readings of 22 people and 95% identified themselves in those readings.
Two astronomers tracked and published predictions of some well-known
astrologers and astrological organizations for 5 years, and out of 3000
predictions, only 10% came to pass. Astronomers have posed some rather
pointed questions and statements for astrologers to consider:
- What is the likelihood that one twelfth of the worlds population
is having the same kind of day today?
- Why is the moment of birth, not conception, so crucial to astrology?
- Why don’t all identical twins have the same personality?
Their nature is more often opposite!
- If it was a matter of influence, the obstetrician who delivers
the baby turns out to have about six times the gravitational pull
of mars and about two thousand billion times it’s tidal force!
- If astrological influent is carried by an unknown force, why
is it independent of distance?
- The influence of mars is identical for a horoscope whether it
is on the same side of the sun or seven times further away on the
Psalm 19: 1-6
declare the glory of God; and the firmament shows his handiwork.
Day unto day utters speech and night unto night reveals knowledge.
There is no speech nor language where their voice is not heard.
Their line has gone out through all the earth and their words to
the end of the world. In them he has made a tabernacle for the sun,
which is like a bridegroom coming out of his chamber, and rejoices
like a strong man to run it’s race. It’s rising is from
one end of heaven, and it’s circuit to the other end; and
there is nothing hidden from it’s heat.
A number of people scoff at the above Psalm, because it sounds like
the Psalmist is saying the sun goes around the earth, and everyone since
Copernicus knows that the earth revolves around the sun, and the sun
is still. so obviously the Psalmist is a little confused. However that’s
myopia on the part of the critic because while we rotate on our axis
and revolve around the sun in orbit, the sun appears is on an orbit
of it’s own and revolves around our whole galaxy! So it’s
interesting to note that the Psalmist is actually so much broader in
his horizon that we would have thought possible - particularly in the
time of David.
The band of stars on both sides of this path which is known toady
as the Zodiac is called the Mazzeroth in Hebrew. The names of these
stars, Virgo, Pisces, Capricorn, Leo etc., are familiar to us today,
because they are used by astronomers and navigators to designate various
areas of the sky. Sadly they have also been exploited by astrologers
for occultic purposes which are so very far from the truth. The 12 signs
have nothing to say about man, however they do have a great deal to
say about God’s plan of redemption for mankind - from the virgin
birth (Virgo) to the triumph of the Lion of the Tribe of Judah (Leo)!
The Thunderbolts Project calls into question not only countless modern
scientific assumptions, but also the billions of dollars of big-science
government and corporate funding that continues to preserve and entrench
questionable theories - elevating them to the status of doctrine - while
systematically excluding legitimate alternatives that threaten the status-quo.
Alternatives that may represent the future of science. The Thunderbolts
Project offers remarkably simple explanations for ‘black holes’, ‘dark
matter’, the electric sun, comets that are NOT made of ice, planetary
scarring and many other ‘mysterious’ phenomena. It proposes
that much of the currently observable phenomena of deep space can be intelligently
explained by already known principles of electricity. High school students
get it immediately. A doctorate in higher math is not required. This extraordinary
new theory also redefines ancient history, linking rock art images carved
in basalt 5,000 years ago with identical images found only in Hubble photographs
of deep space or in photographs of recently declassified high-energy plasma
discharge experiments generated in a billion dollar lab. The Thunderbolts
Project invites you to participate in this revolution, to test and even
challenge its validity, or, if finding it rational and intriguing enough,
to contribute to its expansion and further evolution.