I am not going to do daily image updates anymore, as they are readily available
at the SOHO site
and at the SDAC site
Instead this will be more if a solar information page showing the different types of images that are taken of
the sun and short explanations of what they represent.
I will start posting the daily indicies again as they are available
The indicies for the last several days from SESC ( always released with a 2 day delay) were.....
DAY 083, 24/03/05 10.7 FLUX=087.1 90-AVG=098 SSN=057 BKI=0011 3211 BAI=004
DAY 084, 25/03/05 10.7 FLUX=082.1 90-AVG=098 SSN=065 BKI=1443 3323 BAI=015
DAY 085, 26/03/05 10.7 FLUX=077.7 90-AVG=098 SSN=041 BKI=2444 3321 BAI=016
DAY 086, 27/03/05 10.7 FLUX=078.4 90-AVG=098 SSN=035 BKI=2243 3322 BAI=012
DAY 087, 28/03/05 10.7 FLUX=079.7 90-AVG=096 SSN=015 BKI=2210 1012 BAI=003
DAY 088, 29/03/05 10.7 FLUX=078.8 90-AVG=097 SSN=015 BKI=1110 2212 BAI=004
DAY 089, 30/03/05 10.7 FLUX=077.6 90-AVG=097 SSN=011 BKI=2343 2110 BAI=009
DAY 090, 31/03/05 10.7 FLUX=076.7 90-AVG=097 SSN=022 BKI=1321 2223 BAI=008
DAY 091, 01/04/05 10.7 FLUX=078.3 90-AVG=096 SSN=026 BKI=1332 2112 BAI=007
DAY 092, 02/04/05 10.7 FLUX=080.2 90-AVG=095 SSN=030 BKI=1012 1212 BAI=004
DAY 093, 03/04/05 10.7 FLUX=081.1 90-AVG=096 SSN=038 BKI=1221 1322 BAI=006
DAY 094, 04/04/05 10.7 FLUX=084.8 90-AVG=096 SSN=054 BKI=1232 3444 BAI=016
DAY 095, 05/04/05 10.7 FLUX=088.3 90-AVG=096 SSN=056 BKI=6653 3334 BAI=036
DAY 096, 06/04/05 10.7 FLUX=088.0 90-AVG=096 SSN=050 BKI=3323 3322 BAI=012
DAY 097, 07/04/05 10.7 FLUX=087.8 90-AVG=096 SSN=049 BKI=2333 2211 BAI=009
DAY 098, 08/04/05 10.7 FLUX=087.7 90-AVG=096 SSN=056 BKI=2121 2221 BAI=005
DAY 099, 09/04/05 10.7 FLUX=088.4 90-AVG=096 SSN=043 BKI=1211 2322 BAI=006
DAY 100, 10/04/05 10.7 FLUX=088.3 90-AVG=096 SSN=042 BKI=1000 2111 BAI=002
DAY 101, 11/04/05 10.7 FLUX=087.5 90-AVG=096 SSN=017 BKI=2201 2433 BAI=008
DAY 102, 12/04/05 10.7 FLUX=084.9 90-AVG=096 SSN=032 BKI=5543 5244 BAI=030
DAY 103, 13/04/05 10.7 FLUX=083.5 90-AVG=095 SSN=045 BKI=2444 4544 BAI=027
DAY 104, 14/04/05 10.7 FLUX=085.4 90-AVG=095 SSN=063 BKI=4544 3332 BAI=022
DAY 105, 15/04/05 10.7 FLUX=084.9 90-AVG=094 SSN=061 BKI=3422 2323 BAI=012
DAY 106, 16/04/05 10.7 FLUX=104.6 90-AVG=093 SSN=052 BKI=3211 2322 BAI=008
DAY 107, 17/04/05 10.7 FLUX=101.7 90-AVG=093 SSN=054 BKI=2320 2321 BAI=007
DAY 108, 18/04/05 10.7 FLUX=096.5 90-AVG=092 SSN=044 BKI=2331 3432 BAI=013
DAY 109, 19/04/05 10.7 FLUX=093.0 90-AVG=092 SSN=043 BKI=2341 2223 BAI=011
DAY 110, 20/04/05 10.7 FLUX=089.0 90-AVG=091 SSN=039 BKI=2544 4223 BAI=020
DAY 111, 21/04/05 10.7 FLUX=089.8 90-AVG=091 SSN=022 BKI=3011 2212 BAI=005
DAY 112, 22/04/05 10.7 FLUX=087.3 90-AVG=091 SSN=034 BKI=2301 3232 BAI=008
DAY 113, 23/04/05 10.7 FLUX=087.7 90-AVG=090 SSN=035 BKI=1122 2432 BAI=009
DAY 114, 24/04/05 10.7 FLUX=087.1 90-AVG=089 SSN=000 BKI=3322 2322 BAI=010
DAY 115, 25/04/05 10.7 FLUX=082.1 90-AVG=090 SSN=025 BKI=2332 3332 BAI=012
DAY 116, 26/04/05 10.7 FLUX=077.7 90-AVG=090 SSN=020 BKI=1101 2121 BAI=003
DAY 117, 27/04/05 10.7 FLUX=078.4 90-AVG=090 SSN=045 BKI=1101 1210 BAI=002
DAY 118, 28/04/05 10.7 FLUX=079.7 90-AVG=090 SSN=071 BKI=0011 2222 BAI=004
DAY 119, 29/04/05 10.7 FLUX=078.8 90-AVG=091 SSN=046 BKI=1132 3344 BAI=014
DAY 120, 30/04/05 10.7 FLUX=077.6 90-AVG=091 SSN=053 BKI=4433 4333 BAI=019
DAY 121, 01/05/05 10.7 FLUX=078.3 90-AVG=091 SSN=061 BKI=5543 3332 BAI=023
DAY 122, 02/05/05 10.7 FLUX=080.2 90-AVG=091 SSN=055 BKI=3221 3322 BAI=009
Day 123, no report
DAY 124, 04/05/05 10.7 FLUX=084.8 90-AVG=092 SSN=061 BKI=3310 2121 BAI=006
DAY 125, 05/05/05 10.7 FLUX=088.3 90-AVG=092 SSN=050 BKI=1113 2221 BAI=006
10.7 FLUX = 10.7 cm (=2.803 GHz radio frequency) Solar Flux reading, ie. the sun's energy emission at this frequency
SSN = Sun Spot Number
BKI = Boulder (Colorado, USA) K Index, reading taken every 3 hours
BAI = Boulder (Colorado, USA) A Index, reading taken once a day.
This one determines how unsettled the geomagnetic field has been for the last 24 hour period
eg. 0 - 5 = quiet; 6 - 10 = unsettled; 10 - 20 = active; 20 - 30 = minor storm; 30 - 40 = major storm; 40+ severe storm.
is a good guide to go by.
Ap = A Index .. planetary .... an avg of all the A Indicies from the various stations around the world
Kp = K Index .. planetary .... an avg of all the A Indicies from the various stations around the world
IPS GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCE WARNING 05/16
ISSUED AT 08/0110Z MAY 2005
BY THE AUSTRALIAN SPACE FORECAST CENTRE.
INCREASED GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY EXPECTED
DUE TO FLARE/MASS EJECTION FROM 08-10 MAY 2005
GEOMAGNETIC ACTIVITY FORECAST
08 May: Unsettled to Minor Storm
09 May: Unsettled to Minor Storm
10 May: Unsettled to Minor Storm
The sun is viewed in many different wavelenghts of light, eg. Fe (Iron) 171 ┼, 195 ┼, and 284 ┼ also in He
304 ┼ and Ca (Calcium) 8542 ┼. to name the common ones.
┼ = Angstrom is used in the measurment of the wavelength of light, 1 ┼ = 0.1 nm (nanometre), named after the
Swedish physicist Anders Jonas ┼ngstr÷m, one of the founders of spectroscopy
As a reference point, the common visible red laser is usually around 633 nanometres
The LASCO C2 and C3 coronographs are instruments on board of the SOHO spacecraft. The C2 unit images
corona from about 1.5 to 6 solar radii and the C3 unit images from ~ 3.5 out to 30 solar radii.
The different wavelengths and imaging techniques let us view the suns' different atmospheric layers from
visible surface, the photosphere, out to the outer reaches of the coronosphere. In the sets of images
we explore some of these types of images and look at the different features they show us.
Click on the thumbnail for a full size image
These first 3 images are Helium II 304 ┼ ... showing huge prominces
These next 3 images are .... Fe IX, X 171 ┼ (blue), Fe XII 195 ┼ (green) and Fe XV 284 ┼ (yellow)
The Fe blue image shows a large coronal loop reaching 1 million Kelvin in temperature
The Fe green image shows a X28 flare on the west limb (one of the largest ever recorded)
The Fe yellow image shows a large coronal hole ( the very dark area)
All 3 images have dates and times on them
These next 4 images are ....
The red C2 and blue C3 images show a large CME (Coronal Mass Ejection) the size of the sun
is shown by the white circle within the occulting disk. These 2 images show what is happening in the
outer corona and well beyond
The H 6767 ┼ continuum orange image shows the largest recorded sunspot group. Sunspots, although they are
around 5000K temperature, show contrasted dark against the surrounding 6000K photosphere
The grey Magnetogram show the magnetic polarities of the sunsopt groups. This image of 23 Mar 04 shows
very defined magnetic polarities including the reversed polarity between the northern and southern hemisphere
groups. (note how the white leads the black in the north and the black leads the white in the south. This will
reverse at the start of the next solar cycle ~ 2006.
The Photospheric Magnetograms from the U.S.National Solar Observatory at Kitt Peak (Arizona).
The Fe 171, 195, 284 and 304 Angstrom, Lasco C2 and C3 images are from the SOHO Satellite via the
U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and the Max-Planck-Institute for Aeronomy, Lindau, Germany
The SOHO spacecraft orbits the sun approx half way between the orbits of the Earth and of Venus. This gives
it the opportunity (1) ... to observe the sun 24hrs / day and (2) ... it also gives an early warning of streams of
charged particles emitted from the sun during CME events. SOHO is jointly operated by NASA and ESA
under which a large consortium of scientific institutions come together.
The Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) 6767 ┼ continuum images from SOHO via Stanford University
These organisations do a great job supplying us all with this information for free. I know my knowledge and
understanding of solar astronomy has increased in leaps and bounds over the last 10 years that I have had
access to this information.
My thanks to all concerned
Go here for my aurora pics
Go here for Dave Curtis aurora pics
My telescope is a home built 8" f5.6 Newtonian reflector,
The scope gets most of the use, sunspot drawing and general observations,
I enjoy dabbling in deepspace, cometary and auroral astrophotography and am keen to hear
from others with similar interests. If you have CCD images or digitised film images and would
like to see them on these pages let me know and we could start a page dedicated to that theme.
Page Last Updated 8 May 2005


March 28, 2010
Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson joins Massimo and Julia to discuss the need for a space program. Many scientists (and most people in the skeptic community) simply assume that funding outlets like NASA are a good idea. But, can scientists justify the enormous expense involved, not just in terms of their personal curiosity, but as a matter of tangible and intangible benefits to society at large? Should we go back to the Moon and establish a permanent base? Is it worth the expense and likely risk to human life to attempt a mission to Mars? What is a space station for, anyway?
Dr. Tyson is an astrophysicist by training and director of the Hayden Planetarium at the American Museum of Natural History in Manhattan. He is also the host of PBS’s science NOW. His latest book is “The Pluto Files: The Rise and Fall of America’s Favorite Planet.”


The ghost towns of the Mojave Desert are deathly still, aside from the howling wind that roams through them. The dusty streets flanking the infamous Death Valley recall the gold rush days that created them. For nearly 100 years they have decayed.
With night comes swirling stars, the mysteries of the heavens, the smallness of our earthly ghosts. As the light trails behind the spiraling stars, a vortex seems to pull you in.
It is the same sky that would have captivated the towns’ inhabitants a century ago. The deep darkness of the ghost towns allows for this rare view. Our light-polluted cities do not experience the night sky the way humankind did for thousands of years.
Heffernan and Mehmedinovic made this film as part of their Skyglow Project, which raises awareness about light pollution by capturing the beauty of dark sky preserves. Many of their films have been featured on BBC Earth.


Unlike previous similar detections, the interstellar material dribbled down on Earth recently
by EMILY CONOVER
Iron from outside the solar system has sprinkled down on Antarctica in recent years. Measurements of half a ton of snow turned up interstellar iron deposited within the last two decades, scientists report in a study accepted in Physical Review Letters. That iron comes from the explosions of massive stars, or supernovas, the team says.
Within the snow, the researchers isolated 10 atoms of iron-60, a radioactive variety, or isotope, of iron with a total of 60 protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Previous studies have found iron-60, an isotope spewed from supernovas, in ocean sediments and on the moon (SN: 7/10/99, p. 21). But those depositions were a few million years old, and are thought to be the result of ancient nearby explosions blasting waves of debris through space. The new study reveals that the Earth is still encountering the isotope in modern times.
Nuclear physicist Gunther Korschinek of the Technical University of Munich and colleagues transported the snow — still frozen thanks to careful packing and shipping — back to their lab. They melted, filtered and evaporated the snow, and used a technique called accelerator mass spectrometry on the remnants to identify iron-60.


At the end of their lives, stars with ten times the mass of our sun explode as so-called supernovae. In the process, elements like silver are either hurled out into the universe or produced in the first place. The illustration is an artist’s impression of the first moments of such an explosion before the star is completely torn apart.
[Source: European Southern Observatory/ESO]
The lightweight elements hydrogen, helium and traces of lithium came into being a few minutes after the Big Bang. All heavier elements materialised later in the interior of stars or during star explosions, with each generation of stars contributing a little to enriching the universe with chemical elements. The elements a star can generate in its lifetime depend largely on its mass. At the end of their lives, stars about ten times the size of our sun explode as so-called supernovae, producing elements sometimes heavier than iron that are released by the explosion. Depending on how heavy the star originally was, silver and gold can also materialise in this way.
When various stars of the same mass explode, the ratio of elements generated and hurled out into the universe is identical. This constant relation is perpetuated in the subsequent generations of stars forming from the remnants of their predecessors. The investigations by Dr. Hansen and her associated scientists have now demonstrated that the amount of silver in the stars measured is completely independent of the amounts of other heavy elements like gold. These observations indicate clearly for the first time that during a supernova silver takes shape in an entirely different fusion process from that in which gold forms. Accordingly, the scientists contend that silver cannot have originated together with gold. The elements must have materialised from stars of different masses.
“This is the first incontrovertible evidence for a special fusion process taking place during the explosion of a star,” says Dr. Hansen. “Up to now this had been mere speculation. After this discovery, we must now use simulations of these processes in supernova explosions to investigate more precisely when the conditions for the formation of silver are present. That way we can find out how heavy the stars were that could produce silver during their dramatic demise.”


Sun, Oct 29|
Luminous Rose Boutique
Full Moon Circle
Full moons in particular are a beautiful time to gather, celebrate and release what no longer feels supportive.
Time & Location
Oct 29, 5:00 PM – 6:30 PM CDT
Luminous Rose Boutique, 103 N Monroe St, Waterloo, WI 53594, USA
About the event
Full moons in particular are a beautiful time to gather, celebrate and release what no longer feels supportive. Full moons are illuminating... lighting up the darkness within us and all around us to be seen and fully witnessed.
Join us Sunday, October 29th within the energy of the Taurus Full Moon to tend to your heart and nourish your soul. This full moon circle will begin with an opening ceremony, followed by a wisdom transmission on the significance of this particular full moon, as well as an invitation to reflect, journal and share what's on your heart and mind. In this sacred space, you will be witnessed, supported and celebrated exactly as you are.
Heather Last (from Sacred Rhythms Wellness) will be guiding this Full Moon Circle. Heather's offerings as a teacher + coach consist of marrying the expression of the body with the expression of the soul, finding inner and outer alignment. Heather guides people into the the depths of their own bodies, reflecting the wisdom that lies within. Aligning mind, body, soul with the natural rhythms and cycles within us and around us to find balance in our daily lives and reconnect us with our essential nature.
Arrive by 4:45 pm. Please where comfortable clothing and bring cushions or blankets and a journal.
Full Moon Circle
Please arrive 15 minutes prior$15.00


Providing an interesting crossover, Capella and four other stars inside of Auriga were known in ancient China as Wuche or Wuju, meaning the Five Chariots, according to EarthSky magazine. Auriga is usually identified with Phaethon, the son of the sun god Helios and Clymene. Later, another constellation was created by Bedouin astronomers which represented groups of animals with every star representing one animal and Auriga’s stars comprised of goats’ herd. Auriga is a lesser-known constellation neighboring Gemini and Taurus that is visible in the northern hemisphere during the winter months. It is the Latin word for "charioteer" - someone who drives a vehicle that is pulled by an animal. He was raised by Athena and invented of the four-horse chariot known as a quadriga, which he made in the image of the Sun’s chariot. The top point of the triangle, which is nearest to Capella, is called Epsilon Aurigae or Almaaz. References Citations. Get breaking space news and the latest updates on rocket launches, skywatching events and more! Greek mythology and the Constellation Auriga. The most common legend is associated with the King of Athens (Erichthonius) who was the son of the fire god Hephaestus. One variation suggests that the goat in question is Amaltheia, famous for suckling the infant Zeus. Thank you for signing up to Space. Auriga (constellation) Auriga is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy and remains one of the 88 modern constellations.Located north of the celestial equator, its name is the Latin word for "charioteer", associating it with various mythological charioteers including Erichthonius and Myrtilus. Auriga is a constellation that is easy to identify in the winter sky. It is located in the first quadrant of the northern hemisphere (NQ1) and can be seen at latitudes between +90° and -40°. The constellation of Auriga is located east of Taurus. It is a constellation in the northern sky. Space is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Auriga contains the sixth-brightest star in the sky, known as Capella, a Roman name meaning ‘she-goat’; the Greeks called it Αἲξ (Aix), meaning the same. Auriga is a constellation of stars shaped like a pentagon. Auriga is said to represent Myrtilus, the charioteer of King Oenomaus. You will receive a verification email shortly. Auriga was originally a Babylonian constellation called "Rukubi", depicting a chariot with the stars of Auriga and several from Taurus. It was formed from most of the stars of the modern constellation; all of the bright stars were included except for Elnath, traditionally assigned to both Tauru… Auriga, (Latin: Charioteer) constellation in the northern sky, at about 6 hours right ascension and 45° north in declination. © Its rank in modern constellations is 48 among the 88 modern constellations present, its location or it is located in the northern direction of the space or sky system. The brightest star in Auriga is Capella, the sixth brightest star in the sky. The Greeks saw Auriga as King Erichthonius of Athens, son of Hephaestus. But then, why the goats? Auriga is the Charioteer constellation, and in Greek mythology various stories are told of who the charioteer is meant to represent. "Auriga also contains three star clusters, or collections of hundreds or thousands of stars, known as M36, M37 and M38. Auriga also contains three star clusters, or collections of hundreds or thousands of stars, known as M36, M37 and M38. The constellation of Auriga, the charioteer is visible high in the west-southwest sky all night in late winter. References. Myth. Auriga spans 14 degrees of the Zodiac in the Sign of Gemini, and contains 9 named fixed stars. Visit our corporate site. The first, relating to a charioteer, is that of Auriga, the crippled son of Vulcan and Minerva, who invented a four-horse chariot in order to get himself around. Being noted for his love of horses, the king announced that all suitors would have to take part in a chariot race against him and, should they lose, pay with their lives. Auriga is identified in Greek mythology as a charioteer. SpaceX will launch a spy satellite for the National Reconnaissance Office Thursday. The constellation is especially prominent in the winter and spring months, a time when shepherds traditionally spent nights out in the fields with their flocks. Zeta Aurigae is the other ‘kid’ held by the Charioteer. Located north of the celestial equator, its name is the Latin word for "charioteer", associating it with various mythological charioteers, including Erichthonius and Myrtilus. The stars were said to govern the harvest of the five main cereal crops grown in China at that time, according to Ridpath. Watch it live! The first record of Auriga's stars was in Mesopotamia as a constellation called GAM, representing a scimitar or crook. To honor Erichthonius for his great invention, upon his death, Zeus put him in the night sky. 3.3 solar masses and a patron of shepherds moon in 2023 with NASA 's missions! In Latin as fuzzy patches in the northern hemisphere, Here comes the juice the space ;! All is the Latin name `` auriga also contains three star clusters, or collections of or. 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The Griffith Observatory closed for renovations long before we moved to this fair city, but after much anticipation, the new and improved Observatory will open to the public on November 3. Today, a lucky Mayor Villaraigosa got a tour of Griffith 2.0. Much of the original architecture and artwork was restored, but the new Observatory features a classroom and a bookstore. It also has a new café by L.A.’s favorite restaurateur Wolfgang Puck. But don’t race up the hill on November 3 to be one of the first to see the new digs. Visitors will now be shuttled up in a bus for which they must make a reservation beforehand. Getting reservations for L.A.’s newest sight: good luck!
· The New Griffith Observatory, A First Look [L.A. Alternative]


What does "endlessness" mean? Is a Man capable of giving a visual representation of how it looks like? We are inextricably bound to the Earth and our life is possible only here. The Earth is our home and yet boundless Space lies beyond its borders. Since ancient times, mankind has gazed at the sky that is hiding countless mysteries. For man gazing at the sky, all those things were not just dots shining in the far away darkness. The ancient civilizations have attached great symbolism and importance in the position of cosmic bodies. Their observations have vastly contributed to the progress of further understanding of Cosmos and ourselves. Nowadays, due to modern scientific discoveries and technology, we can say that we are acquainted with Space. But having in mind that the Universe is endless we realize that our knowledge is not enough and there is still much to learn. While I am trying to imagine what lies beyond the fringes of Space, I transfer myself to places that are far, far away from Earth, just like in a meditation. In my mind appear continuous series of dimensions as if I am on a journey, during which I discover new realities and worlds. At the same time I think about ourselves and about the Planet we live on. We have taken everything for granted, we are right here and now, we have our own time, dimension and Universe. Our life on the planet Earth is our reality and trivial round. Yet, if we had the chance to escape our reality for awhile and look our planet or our whole reality from a certain distance, what we would be thinking then? There is no doubt that we will be thrilled with enthusiasm of being on a Space trip, but at the same time we will speculate upon the question "Is this what we really are? So small and distant, living on a planet dancing around the Sun. The reality of Space is much more different then the reality on Earth. There is no Sun that could define day and night, there are no watches that could measure time, the notions of "up" and "down" do not exist, there is no such big lamp or Sun that is capable of eliminating Space darkness. The boundless Space embraces galaxies, nebulas, stars, planets, moons, particles creating matter, comets, quasars, asteroids, black holes, vacuum, dark matter and dark energy, gravitation, antimatter, etc. Each of these elements is an integral part of the Space picture. Elegant and alluring, the Cosmos possesses mystery and magnetism that have always attracted me and have given me the freedom of thought and imagination.


Corning Inc. components part of Pluto mission
The first up-close images of Pluto, which have quickly become iconic, are partly the work of Corning Inc.’s optical know-how.
High-precision components key to the New Horizons probe’s imaging system were made at Corning Inc.’s Keene, N.H., facility, company officials announced Wednesday.
They said the precision mirrors and housing they provided for the system were important because they avoid distortions due to temperature variations.
The parts are also lightweight, necessary since the probe doesn’t have a lot of power onboard to move around its instruments.
The 1,000-pound, six-foot-wide probe contains a generator running off a 24-pound chunk of plutonium, producing about enough electricity to run four 60-watt light bulbs.
“We’ve delivered diamond-turned mirrors and optical components for several NASA missions but are especially proud as the New Horizons mission marked this important milestone,” said Curt Weinstein, vice president and general manager of advanced optics at Corning Specialty Materials. “Corning has a long history in space innovation, dating back more than 50 years.”
The company has also produced window glass for all of NASA’s manned space missions and the International Space Station, along with mirrors for the Hubble, Gemini and Subaru telescopes.
The historic New Horizons mission was launched in 2006 with the goal of getting the closest-ever photos and data from Pluto, which was still considered a full-fledged planet at the time. It’s now dubbed a “dwarf planet” by scientists.
At 3 billion miles from Earth, it takes several hours for data from the probe to be received, even though the transmission travels at the speed of light -- more than 186,000 miles per second.
The craft passed within 7,700 miles of Pluto Tuesday morning, but it was 13 hours before scientists at NASA and their collaborators at the Southwest Research Institute knew if the flyby was a success.
While Tuesday and Wednesday brought the unveiling of a wealth of photos and information previously unknown about the dwarf planet, it will take about 16 months for the probe to transmit back all the data from its close encounter with Pluto.
One early discovery: Pluto is larger than previously believed, about two-thirds the size of Earth’s moon. The extreme distance has made judging its size with telescopes tricky.
If you choose to count it as a planet, the $720 million mission means the United States has now successfully sent missions to all the planets in the solar system.
New Horizons will go on to explore the Kuiper Belt, an area at the edge of the solar system filled with thousands of rock and ice bodies of varying sizes, of which Pluto is the largest.


Space is no longer the sole domain of governments and aerospace and defense companies. Businesses that pursue emerging opportunities now may gain a first-mover advantage.
Today, few people understand that the space economy—broadly defined as activities in orbit or on other planets that benefit human beings—could soon transform how they live and work.
Some hints of the coming changes are apparent, including the frequent headlines about SpaceX, Blue Origin, and other private companies launching their own rockets and deploying satellite constellations. These activities, once primarily the domain of government agencies, are now possible in the private sector because recent technological advances in manufacturing, propulsion, and launch have made it much easier and less expensive to venture into space and conduct missions. Lower costs have opened the door to new start-ups and encouraged established aerospace companies to explore novel opportunities that once seemed too expensive or difficult. The technological improvements have also intrigued investors, resulting in a surge of space funding over the past five years.
The potential for innovative space applications is immense, especially if established aerospace companies form partnerships with businesses that traditionally haven’t ventured into orbit. Pharmaceutical companies might establish a lab on a space station to study cell growth, for instance, or semiconductor companies might manufacture chips in extraterrestrial factories to determine whether any aspects of the space environment, such as the lack of gravity, improve the process. Such possibilities, which might have seemed like the stuff of science fiction a few years ago, could become an essential part of a business across multiple industries in the near future.
But how and when should companies take advantage of their greater access to space and pursue emerging use cases? And how can they decide what opportunities are most promising when the technology is so nascent? Although much remains uncertain, companies that begin exploring these questions now could gain a long-term advantage.


One of the oldest geometric shapes found throughout the ancient world are spirals.
Spirals appear often in nature, found in shells, plants, weather, animals, minerals, the galaxy -- and even human physiology. They’re also used to explain the cyclical nature in which the sun, stars, planets, and ultimately time revolve in our universe.
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早稲田大学 国際教養学部 AO入試 志望理由書 提出例(稲葉 知士 教授参考)
Dear Admission Office,
Out of an excitement to join such a prestigious school, I am writing this letter with an intention to explain my purpose in applying for School of International Liberal Studies at Waseda University, hoping to pursue a major in Physical Sciences and Communications later in my academic years. I would be more than grateful if you could kindly give it a read and grant me an admission. During the in-person interview, I would also be delighted to expand more on my area of studies and what I can achieve upon joining the school.
Not so commonly known, many ancient civilizations had advanced knowledge on space, but it was the Arabs and Jewish that opened up the path of space exploration in ancient time, after that it was all government sponsored projects but nowadays you see many of the richest people in the world seem to be in competition investing in space exploration technologies and programs. You wonder why?
Scientists use powerful telescopes on earth and in space to study distant stars and galaxies. To everyone’s surprise, the famous Hubble Space Telescope, which revealed the cosmos in great detail for the first time, will soon be replaced by the even more powerful James Webb Space Telescope. Exoplanets are planets beyond our own solar system. Very intriguing, thousands of them have been discovered in the past two decades, mostly with NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope. These planets and surrounding worlds come in a huge variety of sizes and orbits, some of them being icy, some others rocky. As the earth is experiencing extreme weather and natural disasters, latest mission of NASA and other agencies has been looking for a special kind of planet – one that is about the same size as Earth, orbiting a sun-like star in the habitable zone.
In fact, government space programs have increased knowledge, served as indicators of national prestige and power, enhanced national security and military strength, and provided significant benefits to the general public. In areas where the private sector could profit from activities in space, has been most notably the use of satellites as telecommunications, and commercial space activity has flourished without government funding. In the early 21st century, entrepreneurs and the rich believed that there were several other areas of commercial potential in space, most notably privately funded space travel. For example, companies have arisen that use satellite imagery to provide data for business about economic trends. It is also said that in the future other areas of space activity, including utilization of resources found on the Moon and near-Earth asteroids and the capture of solar energy to provide electric power on Earth, could become successful businesses.
As described, space studies don’t only concern the rich but the general public. It is extremely important to be aware of related studies and how new technologies are used in arising profitable businesses as well as national security conservation. We may live in a world of fully developed world yet there are always new possibilities, therefore, I feel passionate about gaining broad knowledge in astronomical physics and international studies from diverse perspectives. I am very impressed with a wide range of study programs that can be found on the school online syllabus. And in order for me to attain high-level education and equip myself with what is needed to survive the next decades of globalization and competition, it is extremely important for me to study various international studies among like-minded students at Waseda where liberal studies is offered. Thank you very much for reading and I am very much looking forward to hearing good news.


A closeup view of a "supermoon." (NASA photo)
Skies in the Pacific Northwest have finally started to clear, which should bode well for stargazers hoping to catch the supermoons coming this season.
There will be several big moons in 2021, according to astronomers, most notably the full moons on April 26 and May 26, the latter of which will take place during a total lunar eclipse.
The term “supermoon” is unofficial, though it is generally thought of as a full moon that is a little larger and brighter than normal as it reaches its closest point to Earth. Because the moon follows an elliptical path around the Earth, its distance from our planet (known as the perigee) varies throughout the year.
Scientists refer to the phenomenon as “perigee syzygy,” meaning the alignment of the Earth, moon and . . .


The Transit of Venus
08 June 2004
All images Copyright ©2004 Clay Ruth - All rights reserved.
I took these photos from the front porch of my home in northwest Indiana by hand-aiming a Sony digital camcorder at the eyepiece of a 200 mm aperture f/10 Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope equipped with a 40 mm wide-aperture eyepiece and an aluminized Mylar solar filter.
Foreground branches frame the silhouette of Venus on the rising Sun's disk
As the time of third contact approaches, only a sliver of sunlight appears between the silhouetted planet and the Sun's limb. The enlarged view at right shows the beginning of an optical phenomenon known as the "teardrop effect," in which the Sun's limb appears to draw inward toward the silhouette, making such transits very difficult to time accurately.
At third contact, the teardrop effect becomes quite prominent, as can be seen clearly in the enlargement at right.
As the planet leaves our line of sight to the Sun, it becomes just a tiny indentation in the limb.
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(Photo source Pandotrip)
Hello, I’m Kim Sojung, the 4th member of the FEALAC National Delegation.:) Do you know the fact that Latin America has many ancient civilizations?Today I’m going to talk about one of the three major Mesoamerican civilizations, the Mayan civilization!
Shall we go now?
The Mayan civilization has a long history of about 3,500 years from 2000 B.C. to 1690 B.C.It’s noteworthy that unlike other civilizations, it existed in the form of individual city states, not one Mayan Empire!
However, it is called the Mayan civilization because it has achieved almost the same level in terms of culture, economy, and technology (agriculture, architecture, astronomy, mathematics, ball games, human memorial services, etc.).The Mayan civilization is largely divided into three periods: the All-Classical, Classic and Post-Classical. For these reasons, the Mayan civilization has developed different cities by period.In particular, the classical period is the heyday of the Mayan civilization.Early Paleozoic (2000 BC – 250,300 BC) Mexico Isafa, Civil Chartung, Mani-Guatemara Kaminarhu Yugo (250,300 BC – 900 BC) and Temara Tikar, Waxatoon Mexico Palenke Honduras Copanfugo Electric Co., Ltd. (900-1690 BC) Mexico Chichenite Co., Ltd.Early Paleozoic (2000 BC – 250,300 BC) Mexico Isafa, Civil Chartung, Mani-Guatemara Kaminarhu Yugo (250,300 BC – 900 BC) and Temara Tikar, Waxatoon Mexico Palenke Honduras Copanfugo Electric Co., Ltd. (900-1690 BC) Mexico Chichenite Co., Ltd.Tikal was one of the most powerful city-states of the Mayan civilization during the classical period (photo source Cahal Pech village report)Tikal was one of the most powerful city-states of the Mayan civilization during the classical period (photo source Cahal Pech village report)Lastronoaa de Chichén-Itt astronomy of ChicheniteThe Mayan civilization flourished in various fields, including architecture, science, mathematics, and art, and among the various city-states, Chichenite, in particular, achieved great development in astronomy.The Mayan civilization’s advanced astronomical level can be inferred from the fact that it was able to predict lunar and solar eclipses and observe Venus, as well as the Mayan calendar that many people are familiar with. El Castillo and El Caracol provide a glimpse into the great astronomical and architectural techniques of the Romanian civilization, the representative ruins of Chichenite.El Castillo (Photo Source Pandotrip)El Castillo, a Spanish surname, is a building and temple that symbolizes Chichen Itosa and was originally a temple serving Kukulcan, a winged snake god.It is a 30-meter-tall, ninth-floor stepped pyramid, and the temple at the top is estimated to have been completed in the 9th century. Since there are 91 stairs on each side, the total number of stairs on the slope is 91×4=364 and the top is 365 days. In addition, you can see the unique effects of the northern stairs in the equinox and autumnal equinox, where the length of day and night is the same. Every year around sunset in the spring and autumn equinox, shadows hang over the feathered serpent head sculptures at the bottom of the stairs on the north side, which are said to be shaped like giant snakes leaning down stairs from Chichenite.El Caracall (Photo Source Photoscapes)El Caracall (Photo Source Photoscapes)What did the ancient Mayans see on the stars? Their descendants work with scientists to learn that the sophisticated Stars have recorded their knowledge in buildings, books and still alive traditionswww.science.org.So today, I briefly introduced you to the astronomy of the Mayan civilization 🙂 I hope you enjoyed reading it, and I was Kim Sojung, the 4th generation member of the FEALAC National Delegation.reference materialjoongang.co.kr/article/2652985#homejoongang.co.kr/article/2652985#home


Elon Musk: we can launch a manned mission to Mars by 2024 – video. Musk tells the audience that he believes a cargo mission to Mars will be possible by 2022, with a manned mission following in 2024. He envisages the creation of an inhabited city on the planet, with up to 100 people able to travel to the base. Many missions to Mars have also included dedicated observations of the Moons, while this section is about missions focused solely on them. There have been three unsuccessful dedicated missions and many proposals. Because of the proximity of the Mars moons to Mars, any mission to them may also be considered a mission to Mars from some perspectives. Mission. It is Mars One's goal to establish a human settlement on Mars. Human settlement of Mars is the next giant leap for humankind. Exploring the solar system as. I called it the Mars Oasis missions. The idea was to send a small greenhouse to the surface of Mars, packed with dehydrated nutrient gel that could be hydrated on landing. You’d wind up with this great photograph of green plants and red background—the first life on Mars, as far as we know, and the farthest that life’s ever traveled.
Die Verweildauer auf dem Mars bis zum nächsten Hohmann-Transfer zurück zur Erde würde etwa 500 Tage betragen. Theoretisch errechnet wurde, dass mit entsprechendem Energieaufwand die kürzeste Dauer einer vollständigen Mission etwa 450 Tage betragen könnte. Die Bahnbewegungen von Mars und Erde erlauben keine beliebigen Transfers. 03/11/2018 · Starman has put a lot of miles on his Tesla Roadster in the last nine months. The red electric car and its spacesuit-clad mannequin driver, which launched on the maiden mission of SpaceX's huge Falcon Heavy rocket in February, have made it beyond the orbit of Mars, company representatives said Friday night Nov. 2.
06/02/2018 · UPDATE: Holy crap, they did it. The Falcon Heavy test launch was a smashing success, and now Starman is driving Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster out into space. Behold the view: Here's all you need to know about it. If all goes well this week, Elon Musk will launch his red Tesla. 13/02/2019 · "Very dependent on volume, but I'm confident moving to Mars return ticket is free will one day cost less than $500k & maybe even below $100k. Low enough that most people in advanced economies could sell their home on Earth & move to Mars if. Projets de mission vers Mars étudiés. Les missions habitées vers Mars ont fait l'objet d'un très grand nombre d'études. Un document de la NASA de 2001 recensait ainsi près de 1000 projets plus ou moins détaillés, produits depuis 1950 au sein de l'agence spatiale américaine ou dans d'autres institutions . 07/02/2018 · The test mission of SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy, the most powerful operational rocket on earth, was supposedly intended to put Elon Musk’s Tesla Roadster in an orbit around Mars. It was a little, let us say, heavy on the accelerator pedal: After a fly-by of Mars, the car will instead head beyond, to. SpaceX designs, manufactures and launches advanced rockets and spacecraft. The company was founded in 2002 to revolutionize space technology, with the.
Tesla Supercharger-blocking Ford Mustang gets towed after driver flips off Model 3 owner. The owners of two Ford vehicles who parked their vehicles in Tesla Superchargers have. Track Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster in Space! On February 6, 2018, at 2045 UTC, the first Falcon Heavy was launched into space. It contained a very special payload- a Tesla Roadster with Starman. Tesla’s Corporate Mission & Corporate Vision – Analysis & Recommendations. Tesla, Inc.’s mission statement is satisfactory in terms of presenting the company’s goals. It adequately covers the kinds of products that the company sells, the market scope of the business, and the.
02/01/2019 · The Tesla boss also replied to another Twitter user who said: "I only hope the first wave of explorers will be poets and not real estate developers." Musk's response was that the initial Mars colonisation flights would be populated with creatives. "Engineers, artists and creators of all kinds. There is so much to build," he said. 18/07/2016 · And the new mission statement now: It’s actually not surprising that this would be Tesla’s next direction, especially considering the fact that Tesla is bidding to acquire solar power system company SolarCity despite the looming merger not garnering a positive initial response from the market.
12/02/2018 · SPACEX carried out the unimaginable this week when Elon Musk fired a cherry-red Tesla into space with the Falcon Heavy rocket on Tuesday. With the Tesla roadster now floating through space and time as it nears the asteroid belt, here are live updates and the latest information on the Mars mission. 07/02/2018 · Mission Mars: „Falcon Heavy. Er ließ seinen eigenen kirschroten Sportwagen seiner Elektroautofirma Tesla an Bord der Rakete bringen, um dem Testflug – wie er sagte – ein etwas „dramatisches Flair“ zu geben. Elon Musk leads Space Exploration Technologies SpaceX, where he oversees the development and manufacturing of advanced rockets and spacecraft for missions to and beyond Earth orbit. Founded in 2002, SpaceX’s mission is to enable humans to become a spacefaring civilization and a multi-planet species by building a self-sustaining city on Mars.
26/09/2019 · The Tesla Model S/X battery packs are expected to act as boosters of energy capacity up to 400 kWh. Meanwhile, the latest updates on the Mars spacecraft and the rocket Superheavy will be coming from Musk on Saturday during a presentation in Texas. 16/12/2019 · NASA is gearing up to launch its next Mars rover. Dubbed 2020, the roving scientist is set to blast off to the Red Planet next year, aiming to find signs of life and bag samples for eventual return to Earth. The rover, scheduled to launch next summer, will touch down in February 2021. It’s landing . SpaceX's Starman resting at his Tesla Cybertruck on Mars by Indian space artist Eashan Misra. More of his art here. According to Elon Musk, the CEO of both Tesla and SpaceX, the pressurized edition of Cybertruck will be capable to drive on Mars. 05/02/2018 · After reaching Mars, the car will be left in orbit, playing David Bowie's “Space Oddity” for as long as it can. Musk hopes the Tesla Roadster would be “on a billion year elliptic Mars orbit,” As for the Falcon Heavy, it is is a reusable launch system capable of generating more than 5.
30/11/2018 · “We are going,” is an important part NASA’s motto for its return to the Moon, and to get there, the space agency will need corporate partners. As part of carrying out the private sector integration requirements of White House Space Policy Directive 1, NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine announced today at 2 pm EST the nine . 19/02/2017 · The Importance of a Martian Missions. Missions to Mars would ideally be launched every 26 months when the planet is aligned with Earth. The 2020 planned lander will be critical for future possible manned missions as it will test technology required to land heavy equipment on the Martian surface—a task that, given Mars’ unfamiliar.
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To some, this could be controversial, but check out this SPACE MAN MUG- it's first hand evidence that we have made it to the moon! Out of this world... am I right?!
Fired to infinity and beyond, not once, not twice but THREE times to reach the perfect combination of colours, textures and sparkle that all astronaughts carry with them. Each mug is hand painted with a final addition of beautiful gold lustre to catch the starry night sparkle and just like every night sky, no two mugs are exactly the same. Because of the nature of the golden stars, it is recommended that each mug is hand washed to keep their sheen bright in the sky.


Travel has been on our mind lately. What with Skye's trip to New York and my planning for London in a few weeks. It's got me thinking about the places I have always dreamed of going to, and realising that a lot of the places on my bucket list are not cities but natural landmarks.
Earth has some pretty beautiful things to show us. Just one of these is the Northern Lights or scientifically named Aurora Borealis. Caused by interactions between cosmic rays, solar wind and magnetospheric plasma with the Earths atmosphere... I don't really know what that means but I do know it's beautifully colourful!
I imagine I'd feel a little insignificant but in absolute awe of this incredible natural phenomenon!
Check out some stunning photos below.
These photos are by the talented Tommy Richardson on Flickr.
Have you seen the Northern Lights? And what other natural landmark/phenomena is on your bucket list? Maybe I'll had to add it to mine!


TMT NOW LOOKING FOR ALTERNATIVE SITES
Civil Beat - July 8, 2016
Following protests and a permit revocation, the Thirty Meter Telescope board is considering other places to build the project instead of the top of Mauna Kea, Physics World reported Friday.
“Hawaii is still an option but we are very actively looking at alternatives,” Fiona Harrison, Caltech physicist and member of TMT International Observatory’s governing board, told the publication.
“We’ll be culling down [the list of sites] to a few options over the summer.”


Ryan Gosling might step on the moon.
According to Deadline, Universal’s biopic”First Man” script is still in the works and that the “The Big Short” actor is being courted to play astronaut Neil Armstrong.
Damien Chazelle (Whiplash) will direct the film according to the script by Josh Singer (Spotlight). Chazelle and Gosling are currently working on the musical-romance “La La Land” with Emma Stone.
“First Man” is based on the astronaut’s biography written by James Hansen. Initially, the film was supposed to be produced by Warner Bros and directed by Clint Eastwood.


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UK dating awards
What was not to be happy about? Then I thought about it. If I was really honest, Christmas, when everyone else is sitting down to the turkey and cranberry sauce with their spouses and children, can make me feel lonely. It is not not a cheap option. On the other hand, would you rather have an exotic holiday or somebody with whom to share lots of experiences?
Over the last couple of days I have fallen down a research rabbit hole — I began with a question about clay minerals on Mars and find myself, today, writing about the history of major impact basins on the Moon. The trail that led me here has to do with geologic time scales — the stories that geologists tell about the major events that happened in the history of a planet.
I will climb back out of the rabbit hole eventually with lots of good stories about the geology of many different planets, but I’m going to have to tell those stories bit by bit. It all begins, appropriately, with the history of impact basins on the Moon. I think that’s appropriate because the Moon is where the study of planetary geology started, even before the Space Age. The familiar face of the Moon contains dark splotches, the maria.
Look at the maria with a telescope, and you can see that they’re flat plains that appear to fill low-lying areas. And most of those low-lying areas are circular basins rimmed by mountainous ridges. We know now that these are impact basins, places where asteroids slammed into the Moon. Arguably the most beautiful of the Moon’s basins is Orientale, whose glory we really couldn’t appreciate until the Space Age, because its eastern edge just peeks over the visible near side of the Moon.
Here is a lovely view from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.
.Aphrodite Bling It-Moon Rocks-“Painted”-Natural Mica
Update : On Jan. Will the first woman to travel to the moon be the winner of a billionaire’s “girlfriend contest”? We really hope not. On Sunday Jan. In , Maezawa announced that he and six to eight artists would become the first passengers on SpaceX’s Starship spacecraft, which would fly around the moon without landing.
The moon was born when a Mars-sized body impacted Earth during its very early days. The debris from both objects spewed into space and.
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Lunar formation. Dating the Moon-forming impact event with asteroidal meteorites.
How do scientists find the age of planets date samples or planetary time relative age and absolute age? If carbon is so short-lived in comparison to potassium or uranium, why is it that in terms of the media, we mostly about carbon and rarely the others? Are carbon isotopes used for age measurement of meteorite samples? We hear a lot of time estimates, X hundred millions, X million years, etc. In nature, all elements have atoms with varying numbers of neutrons in their nucleus.
Is the moon your one true love, a third wheel in the sky, or the ultimate wingmoon? Play to find out! You will get access to the following files:. Support this drawn-out dating game at or above a special price point to receive something exclusive. If you have low or no income, feel free to take a community copy! Log in with itch. I loved playing this game!
It became a wonderful nightly ritual, and the game design enabled some very sweet and thoughtful final scenes, even with the sillier character concepts we played with. Also, I feel like I have to add that this feels like the perfect game for the social isolation of the current moment. It encourages you to keep in regular contact with someone and find a small piece of creativity every day, and it’s even designed for play over a messenger app!
FAQ – Radioactive Age-Dating
Crashed spacecraft may have left tiny but tough creatures on the moon You Ask, We Investigate – Woman Scammed Out of More Than $30, On Dating Site.
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Dating The Moon
The Apollo lunar landings yielded an abundance of new scientific data on the Moon. The various experiments placed on the surface provided information on seismic, gravitational, and other lunar characteristics. But perhaps the most dramatic result of the missions was returning a total of more than pounds of lunar rock and soil for analysis on Earth.
These samples of the Moon offered a deeper appreciation of the evolution of our nearest planetary neighbor. Apollo 15 Landing Site This sample has been determined to be billion years old by the Argon method of dating. This date.
Maezawa sold a large portion of his online fashion retailer shop to SoftBank Group Corp. SpaceX has not made public how much he paid for it. Musk has mentioned on several occasions he feels thankful Maezawa is funding Starship’s development because the payment Maezawa made for the space tour was significant enough that it will “have a material effect on paying for cost and development of Starship,” Musk said, “He’s paying a lot of money that would help with the ship and its booster.
The space tour would last approximately one week. Starship will not land on the lunar surface though, instead the craft will fly on a circumlunar trajectory around the moon travelling , miles away from Earth. The trip is planned for the year When they introduced the project a couple of years ago, Maezawa said he would invite 8 artists from around the world to go on this Moon mission.
Upon returning to Earth, these artists would be asked to create something according to their talent to “inspire the dreamer within all of us. This show will be shown on streaming service AbemaTV.


Imagine standing beneath a sky painted with vivid colors of phosphorescent green, yellow and pink, as they dance and shimmer in the night. A truly magical experience awaits you in Canada, home to one of the most stunning natural phenomena on Earth – the Northern Lights, or Aurora Borealis. Join us on a journey to unlock the spectacular beauty of the northern lights of Canada, where you’ll learn about the science, history, and cultural significance of this mesmerizing light show, as well as the best times, locations, and tips for a memorable aurora chasing adventure.
Where To See Northern Lights Canada
Are you ready to take a Northern Lights trip? Forget about Iceland or Svalbard, Canada has clear skies and long cold nights making it the perfect place to see the Aurora Borealis. In this article, you will learn everything you need to know about seeing the Northern Lights in Canada from where are the best places to see the Northern Lights, to Northern Lights photography tips and suggested Aurora tours. So let’s escape the city lights and set out to remote places with little light pollution to enjoy this wonder of nature.
The Magic of the Aurora Borealis in Canada
Canada is blessed with an extraordinary opportunity to witness the Northern Lights up to 300 days a year. If you want to see the northern lights in Canada, head north and avoid cloud cover. You don’t need to go all the way to the Arctic Circle to see Northern Lights, however, being there gives you an even better chance with more cloudless clear nights thanks to being so far north!
Canada is blessed with a northern location and vast, dark skies that is located within the Aurora Oval in the world’s northern hemisphere making it the premier place to see the Northern Lights. We will unravel the magic of the Canadian aurora borealis and delve into the profound connection Indigenous Peoples have with this awe-inspiring phenomenon.
Understanding the Aurora Borealis
The Aurora Borealis occurs when charged particles from the sun collide with gases in Earth’s atmosphere, creating stunning shapes and patterns that paint the night sky with vibrant colors. This results in a surreal visual experience that has inspired countless myths and legends, such as the Finnish belief that the lights are created by an Arctic fox running through the snow, or the Southern Hemisphere’s own version, the Aurora Australis (Southern Lights)
The science behind the Northern Lights is fascinating, but its cultural significance is equally compelling. Indigenous Peoples in Canada view the Aurora Borealis as a spiritual and ancestral connection, with various communities believing that the lights represent a never-ending energy and a link to their ancestors. This deep connection to the Northern Lights adds an extra layer of wonder to an already captivating experience.
The Perfect Time for Northern Lights Viewing
Timing is everything when it comes to witnessing the Northern Lights in their full glory. The best time to see the Northern Lights in Canada is typically between November and March when there’s less daylight and the skies are darker. Solar activity also plays a role, as the fall equinox in September and the spring equinox in March usually have higher solar activity, but more daylight during these months reduces the chances of seeing the lights.
While you may think summer would be an ideal time for aurora hunting, the midnight sun in some of Canada’s northernmost regions actually drowns out the Northern Lights, making them barely visible, if at all in the summer. So, for the best chance of witnessing this natural wonder, plan your trip during the darker winter months.
The auroral Oval
Much of Northern Canada sits under the auroral zone, also known as the aurora belt or aurora oval. This geographic area houses the best locations for seeing the northern lights. This zone encircles the geomagnetic poles of the Earth and is where the planet’s magnetic field is strongest.
In these regions, charged particles emitted from the sun (solar wind) interact with the Earth’s magnetic field and collide with gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, causing the spectacular light displays for which the auroras are known.
Its visibility can be affected by solar activity, weather conditions, and light pollution. If you want to see northern lights, it’s recommended to be as far north as possible within the auroral oval, in a location with a clear dark night sky, and to monitor auroral activity.
When solar wind and Earth’s magnetic field interact during prime Aurora months, it causes a disturbance in the magnetosphere, leading to the Northern Lights. This interaction creates a reaction that makes the magnetic field lines stretch, twist, and release energy, resulting in the beautiful colors and shapes of the auroras. So, for the best odds of catching this incredible light show, plan your trip during the prime months for Aurora viewing.
Optimal Hours and Moon Phases
The best hours for catching the Northern Lights are usually between 10 pm and 2 am, particularly a few hours after sundown and around local solar midnight (± 2 hours). Moon phases can also play a role in Aurora viewing.
A full moon can make the Aurora look washed out to the naked eye. But photographers will be able to capture the lights even without seeing the northern lights vividly.
The best moon to see northern lights in is a new moon or crescent moon. The darker the skies the better chance of seeing the northern lights with your eyes.
Top Canadian Destinations for Northern Lights Chasing
Canada offers a multitude of incredible destinations for chasing the Northern Lights, with remote and accessible locations across the country providing stunning views of this natural wonder. From the polar bear capital of Churchill, Manitoba, to the rugged beauty of Jasper National Park, Alberta, there’s a perfect spot for every aurora hunter in Northern Canada.
We are going to cover the most popular aurora experiences in Canada such as The Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Northern Manitoba, Northern Quebec, Northern Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Newfoundland and Labrador.
November to March is considered the prime time to see northern lights in Canada due to increased solar activity during these months.
Churchill, Manitoba, is known as the “polar bear capital of the world” and offers a prime location for Aurora viewing between October and April. The town sits under the Auroral Zone so can see the Northern Lights on nights visible up to 300 nights a year depending on light pollution. We have seen the Auroras each time we went on a polar bear safari in Churchill. It is truly magical to see polar bears by day and Auroras by night. See all the details from our trips here: Things to do in Churchill Manitoba – Land of the Polar Bears
We have gone to visit the polar bears three times in Churchill while staying on the shores of Hudson Bay and we have always seen the Northern Lights. Even late in the summer months on shorter days, we still managed to see the northern lights.
We travel with Churchill Wild who has three lodges on the Hudson Bay. Being far away from the light pollution in the city, these lodges are one of the best places to see the northern lights in the world. You really can rely on catching a glimpse. Churchill is so reliable that you may spot the lights anytime, even in summer.
You don’t need to go to a remote lodge though, Churchill is a small town with plenty of opportunities to see the northern lights. It’s more affordable to stay in Churchill where you can choose from cozy hotels or traditional lodge that will take you out on a a Tundra Buggy Explorer trip.
Best time to go: November through March Nights visible: Up to 300 nights per year
Whitehorse, Yukon, is a popular destination to also see the northern lights due to its easy accessibility and little light pollution. The best viewing opportunities to see the Aurora Borealis in the Yukon are between November and March. The top places to view are Miles Canyon, Fish Lake, and Mount McIntyre Recreation Center:
While Whitehorse is easily accessible, why not make your way to our favorite city in the Yukon, Dawson City? This is more of a village than a city. The town sits on the Yukon River under a hill called the Midnight Dome where visitors watch the midnight sun during the summer months, but in the winter, it’s an excellent spot to see northern lights dazzle above the town.
What Else Is there to do in the Yukon in Winter
When you’re in Whitehorse, Yukon, there’s no shortage of fun activities to keep you occupied while you wait for the Northern Lights to make their appearance. You could try your hand at dog sledding, ice fishing, or take a leisurely stroll around the Yukon Wildlife Preserve. If you’re more of a thrill-seeker, why not go snowmobiling on Lake Laberge?
After all that activity, you can relax and unwind by soaking in the outdoor pools at the Takhini Hot Springs. It’s a fantastic way to spend your time as you anticipate the incredible light show that awaits you.
Don’t forget to explore the charming Main Street and other attractions during your stay in this enchanting Yukon destination.
For a truly immersive Northern Lights experience, consider staying at the Northern Lights Resort & Spa, which offers chalets with large glass windows for unobstructed Aurora views. Additionally, one-night Northern Lights tours are available in Whitehorse, a location with mesmerizing city lights, for those short on time.
The best time to go: November through the end of April Nights visible: Up to 240 nights per year
Yellowknife, Northwest Territories
Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, is another prime location for Northern Lights viewing, thanks to its position under the auroral oval. Sitting on the shores of Great Slave Lake, Yellowknife is the capital city of the territory and is one of the closest Canadian cities to the North Pole.
The best time to visit Yellowknife for Aurora hunting is between November and April. During your stay, you can choose from various hotels and activity centers focused on the Northern Lights experience.
What to do in Yellowknife
While in Yellowknife, you’ll get to enjoy a comprehensive package that takes care of all your needs. It includes delicious meals to keep you energized throughout your stay. You’ll also have cozy accommodations to rest in after a day of adventure.
If you’re a fan of flying, you’re in for a treat. The package includes a float plane trip that will give you a bird’s eye view of the breathtaking landscapes. And if you’re an animal lover, you’ll love the tour of the bison sanctuary. It’s a unique opportunity to see these majestic creatures in their natural habitat.
The best time to go: December to April Nights visible: Up to 240 nights per year
The Canadian Rockies – Jasper National Park
If you’re planning to chase the Northern Lights in Alberta make your way to the Canadian Rockies. It’s one of the best locations to experience the Aurora Borealis. In the Canadian Rockies, the lights are active year-round, but they are most active from Autumn to early spring. Read next: 38 Best Things to Do in Jasper Canada in 2023
Jasper is a designated Dark Sky Preserve thanks to its clear skies and low light pollution. It is an ideal location for witnessing the Northern Lights up to 300 nights a year. The best time to visit Jasper to see the northern lights is between September and May when the northern skies are dark for hours. However, you can spot lights year-round if the conditions are right.
Apart from chasing the Northern Lights, Jasper National Park offers a range of exciting activities, such as hiking, cross-country skiing, mountain biking, and wildlife spotting. Don’t miss the annual Dark Sky Festival in October, which celebrates the park’s pristine night skies and offers a fantastic opportunity to catch the Aurora Borealis. It is one of the best places in the world to see the northern lights thanks to its clear skies. Check out: 14 Best Hikes in Jasper National Park – Alberta Canada
The best time to go: September to May Nights visible: Up to 300 nights per year
On the other hand, Banff National Park, while not as well-known for Northern Lights viewing as Jasper, can still offer some fantastic displays, especially in winter. It’s located just four hours south of Jasper with many places to view dark skies as well. Read more: 17 Best Stops Along the Icefields Parkway In 2023
The park’s high elevation and clear, dark skies create the perfect conditions for spotting the Aurora. Some of the best places to try your luck in Banff include Lake Minnewanka, Castle Mountain, and Peyto Lake. Just remember, patience is key when it comes to Aurora hunting! The Best Things to Do in Banff, Canada
Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador is one of the best places to experience the Aurora Borealis. With untouched wilderness and a small population, you can see northern lights up to 60 nights a year. The prime time for catching the lights in this region is between September and October, and March and April. Top locations for Aurora hunting in Newfoundland and Labrador include the Torngat Mountains National Park and Battle Harbour.
Things to do in Newfoundland and Labrador
During your visit to Newfoundland and Labrador, you’re in for a treat with a host of stunning attractions that you can explore. Start off your adventure with a visit to Signal Hill. This historic site offers panoramic views of St. John’s and the surrounding areas. It’s also the site where the first transatlantic wireless signal was received, adding a touch of history to your visit.
Next on your list should be the Cape Spear Lighthouse National Historic Site which dates back to the 19th century. As the most easterly point in North America, it offers breathtaking views of the Atlantic Ocean.
A visit to Gros Morne National Park is a must. With its diverse landscape of mountains, forests, and coastal lowlands, it offers plenty of hiking trails where you can immerse yourself in the beauty of nature.
Finally, round off your visit with a trip to L’Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site. This archaeological site is the only known Viking settlement in North America.
The best time to go: September and October, and March and April Nights visible: Up to 60 nights per year
We have had the privilege of snowmobiling to the far north of Quebec to witness some spectacular night skies. For a truly remote Northern Lights experience, venture to Kuujjuaq, Quebec, a small village located in the Nunavik region.
If you really want to witness the Aurora Borealis, Kuujjuaq, Quebec is the place. Its northern location and proximity to the Aurora Oval provide incredible opportunities for witnessing the Northern Lights, especially between October and March.
What is there to do in Kuujjuaq Quebec?
Kuujjuaq offers a unique and off-the-beaten-path experience for Aurora chasers seeking an authentic connection with nature.
During your stay, you can also participate in activities such as trout fishing and spotting local wildlife like caribou and Musk Ox.
The best time to go: October and March Nights visible: Up to 240 nights per year
Preparing for the Cold of Northern Canada
Winter temperatures in Canada can range from -1°C to -40°C (30°F to -40°F) even more with the wind chill. To stay warm and comfortable, it’s important to layer up with high-quality thermal clothing that is breathable and made from materials like merino wool. Make sure to wear liner gloves so that your skin is not exposed to the cold.
In addition to clothing, we suggest packing ski goggles, hand warmers and foot warmers, balaclava, insulated boots, and a warm hat. See our tips 5 Winter Layering Tips to Dress for Extreme Cold Weather
Checking Aurora Forecasts
To see how your chances of seeing the Northern Lights are, check the Aurora forecast or the Kp index. The higher the Kp index, the higher the geomagnetic activity, and the better your chances of seeing the Northern Lights.
You can check the forecast on sites like NOAA Space Weather or Aurora Notify, which provide estimated Kp levels for the next few days. We use the Aurora Forecast
Photographing the Northern Lights
Photographing the Northern Lights can be challenging. To capture stunning images of the Aurora Borealis, you’ll need a camera with manual settings, a fast wide-angle or ultra-wide-angle lens, and a tripod to keep your camera steady during long exposures. However, Deb caught some great images of the Northern Lights with her iPhone 15 ProMax.
Experiment with capturing the Northern Lights by:
Using slow shutter speeds of 10-15 seconds and night mode Keep your ISO as low as you can to eliminate noise. Use manual focus and focus to infinity on your lens. Consider using an external trigger to control your camera remotely or using the 2-second timer on your camera. Keeping in mind composition rules like including a foreground element or a north-facing composition to get the lights in the sky Not being afraid to experiment and have fun with your shots
By following these tips, you’ll be sure to capture the best Northern Lights images, showcasing the magical beauty of the Northern Lights images to cherish for a lifetime.
Is a Northern Lights Tour Worth It?
Yes, a Northern Lights tour is worth it. Guided tours offer expert knowledge, tailored itineraries, and hassle-free planning for your Northern Lights trip. Local guides who know the best spots for Northern Lights Canada and can share invaluable tips for maximizing your chances of witnessing the lights. These tours often include transportation, accommodations, meals, and various activities, making it a hassle-free and well-rounded experience.
Popular Northern Lights tour packages cater to different preferences and budgets, with prices starting at around $2,900 and going up to over $7,000 depending on the hotel class, region, time of year, and length of stay for northern lights viewing.
Some reputable companies offering Northern Lights tours in Canada include Churchill Wild
These tour packages often include:
Round-trip airport, hotel, and tour ground transportation Multiple nights of Aurora hunting tours Free hot beverages and snacks during the tours The option to get Aurora group participation pictures
By choosing a guided tour package, you can enjoy a memorable and well-organized Northern Lights experience that caters to your specific interests and needs.
About the Northern Lights
Auroras can occur in both of the earth’s poles. In the Southern Hemisphere, they are appropriately known as the Southern Lights or Aurora Australis. Our lodge guides at Churchill Wild used to run a lodge in Tasmania, and after witnessing the southern hemisphere lights, they said they wanted to move to the northern hemisphere to see the Northern Lights. Combine polar bears and northern lights and you have one of the most exciting winter activities that you can hope for!
What month is best to see the northern lights in Canada?
The best time to see the Northern Lights in Canada is from November to March when the nights are long and dark with clear skies. This allows for a higher probability of viewing the show due to the darkness which makes the lights appear brighter. You can see them as early as September and as late as April.
Where in Canada are there Northern Lights?
Churchill is the best place to see Northern Lights in Canada. Yellowknife, in Canada’s Northwest Territories, is also the best place to witness the Northern Lights display in Canada. Located south of the Arctic Circle and under the Aurora Oval is is one of the closest cities in Canada to the North Pole,
Can you see the northern lights in Calgary Canada?
You can see the northern lights in Calgary, depending on the intensity of geomagnetic storms (G3 or stronger). Just make sure to get away from the city lights to avoid light pollution.
What time will the northern lights be visible in Alberta?
The Northern Lights are best seen in Edmonton from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m., with peak viewing around midnight. Don’t forget to look north after dark!
What are some top Canadian destinations for Northern Lights?
Churchill, Manitoba; Whitehorse, Yukon; Yellowknife, Northwest Territories; Jasper, Alberta; Newfoundland and Labrador; and Kuujjuaq, Quebec.
So, whether you’re a seasoned Aurora chaser or a first-time adventurer, embark on this incredible journey to unlock the spectacular beauty of the Northern Lights in Canada. The sky is waiting to captivate and inspire you.


This Thursday (October 4th) our Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Form Physics classes will be taking part in World Space Week, including an online event hosted by TV presenter Campbell Dallas, a former pupil of Glenalmond.
As part of World Space Week (4-10 October), the event aims to encourage and engage as many young people as possible in Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths (STEM) subjects to help them consider a career in this field when they are older.
Young people will be able to learn and be inspired from the comfort of their own classroom and interact with STEM Ambassadors who work or support the international space industry.
The event will be delivered online and hosted by TV presenter and stage actor, Dallas Campbell OG, who will link the sessions in addition to presenting his own space-themed live talk.
Dallas is best known from the BBC One science series Bang Goes the Theory, and has presented many other science and space TV documentaries over the years.


Julian's crystal clear mountain air is a perfect setting for this
unique sky tour. During the hour of viewing in our observatory, planets,
the Moon, hundreds of NGC objects, and multiple star systems are
available to look at.
Each sky tour is unique and may include comets, asteroids, special events when observable,
and any of the other 64,000 objects in the telescope's database.
When guests stay the second night, special attention is made to show different
objects than what was seen in the previous night's sky tour. Generally,
about 12 objects are viewed in the hour, including a planet,
open star cluster, globular cluster, nebula, planetary nebula, galaxy,
several multiple/interesting star systems, and the moon when observable.


Original title: "Tiangong Classroom" The first lesson opened in China Space Station ■ China Manned Space Project Office revealed that "Tiangong Classroom" is scheduled to start at 15:40 on December 9th, Shenzhou 13 passenger Qi Zhi Gang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu will be taught in space stations.
■ This space lectures will take the manifest interaction method, set the ground main classroom in China Science and Technology Museum, in Nanning, Guangxi, Wenchuan, Hong Kong, and Macau. ■ At that time, three astronauts will showcase the working life scene of China Space Station, demonstrate the phenomenon of cytology experiment, object movement, liquid surface tension under micro-gravity environment, and communicate with the ground classroom, transmit people agency knowledge, Inspire adolescents’ interest in science. Link · I ask the Astronaut "Tiangong Classroom" is about to open! Netizens care about these questions … "How is the space station network speed? Can space can eat snail powder?" China Space Station’s first space teaching event will be opened on the 9th.
CCTV News launched "I asked Astronaut" interactive collection activities.
"Tiangong Classroom" attracted a netizen to participate. The questions asked by netizens, some cute bubbles, some looked at the water, and some people can’t help but laugh, come and see what everyone is curious! The netizen is most concerned about "eat" astronauts a day? Is it good to eat? Do you eat? Netizen also reported a dish name: hot pot, cake, dumplings, dumplings, and snail powder, stinky tofu, hot noodles … melon seeds, spicy strips can not be less.
These Chinese cuisine and snacks, can the astronauts can’t eat in the space station? It is still not until the Spring Festival, and some netizens have been worried about the Spring Festival.
"Will the astronauts eat dumplings in the New Year?" "Prepared a new year?" "It is best to come to a space group to eat."
"There is also netizens curious:" Space New Year, is the three astronauts prepare for the year? "It is not enough to eat enough. Some netizens will not be able to make a potato in the space station:" Is it possible to make potatoes after the space station? "" "Is the space station need to clean?" What is the dandruff? "" What is the mobile phone positioning in space? "The children’s problems are too cute, it is too cute! Children from Shandong, Sichuan, Shanghai, etc. also sent their own questions." Uncle Auntie! If you get fat, is it to lose weight to take the flight? "Astronaut’s uncle, do you see aliens in space?" "Uncle Auntie, can you easily turn back?" "" Space vacuum environment, will it be possible to develop a permanent motion? " "I am a high-grade student in Sichuan Province. Is it oxygen synthetic to make oxygen synthesis with sodium hydroxide? "There are still many netizens to put forward various questions." Do you have pets in your space home? "" Can you chase a video at the space station? " Can you play games in space stations? "" What is our mobile phone display in space calling to the earth? " "Tiangong Classroom" network is about to open! Hurry to move the small bench, connect the network cable, take a good class together waiting to open the class! Play back · Space Teaching June 20, 2013, God Ten astronauts first space lecture China for the first space The lectures were successfully held on June 20, 2013. Shenzhou No. 10 astronauts showed physical phenomena in the heavy weight environment. More than 60,000 primary school students in the country watched live broadcasts and produced huge social response.
□ The leader of the main lecture is a female astronaut Wang Yaping. Nie Haisheng auxiliary teaching, Zhang Xiaoguang as a camera.
□ Teaching content In approximately 40 minutes, astronauts demonstrate physical activity, liquid surface tension characteristics such as object motion, liquid surface tension characteristics such as object motion, liquid surface tension characteristics such as weight loss .
They explained the physical principles behind the experiment and interact with the ground classroom teachers and students through video calls. □ Experts say this space teaching activity is jointly hosted by the China Manned Space Project Office, the Ministry of Education, and China Association.
Experts say that space lectures are the first educational application tasks in my country’s manned space flight, reflecting the concept of manned space projects directly for national education services, will further stimulate the adolescents advocated science, love space, explore unknown The enthusiasm and dreams. Comprehensive Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News Client (Editor: Zhang Hua Wei, Luo Wei) Share more people to see.


© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: A replica of the astronaut capsule is displayed at the Blue Origin site, on the day the Blue Origin’s rocket New Shepard blasts off on billionaire Jeff Bezos’s company’s fourth suborbital tourism flight with a six-person crew near Van Horn, Te
By Joey Roulette
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -Blue Origin’s senior vice president of operations is leaving “for personal reasons,” according to an internal email seen by Reuters, the third executive departure to be disclosed in less than a month at Jeff Bezos’ space company as it aims to sharpen its competitive footing with Elon Musk’s SpaceX.
Blue Origin CEO Bob Smith told employees in an email on Friday that Mike Eilola, the company’s senior vice president of operations since 2021, “is leaving the company for personal reasons” on Nov. 3 and will have his unit split into two new organizations.
Eilola’s departure follows plans announced last month by Bezos to replace Smith, who has been Blue Origin’s CEO since 2017, with longtime Amazon (NASDAQ:) executive Dave Limp by the end of the year. And Sherwood, the head of what had been the company’s research and development unit, will depart next month, Reuters has reported.
Eilola, a former Honeywell (NASDAQ:) Aerospace executive, oversaw Blue Origin’s supply chain, manufacturing apparatus and the company’s vast network of facilities across the United States, as the company reaches the late stages of developing its next-generation New Glenn rocket.
“Effective immediately,” Smith’s email said, the operations unit will split into a new manufacturing and supply chain operations organization and a facilities, maintenance and security team.
Blue Origin did not respond to a request for comment.
Bezos founded Blue Origin in 2000 with the vision of having millions of people living and working in space. The Amazon founder has sought to make the company into a formidable rocket launch and human spaceflight business that could rival SpaceX. Bezos hired Smith, also a former Honeywell Aerospace executive, in 2017 to lead that charge.
Blue Origin this year won a $3.4 billion NASA contract to send humans to the moon’s surface in the next decade, and more broadly has had success with a suborbital human space tourism business centered on its reusable New Shepard rocket. It also plans to build an Earth-orbiting space station.
But New Shepard has been grounded for more than a year after a 2022 uncrewed mishap. And development of Blue Origin’s reusable New Glenn rocket has been delayed for years, setting back the company’s long-awaited debut in Earth’s orbit and its bid to challenge SpaceX’s growing dominance in the global space sector.
In the past several months, Blue Origin’s corporate structure has changed substantially as its leadership gets a revamp.
The company this month unveiled a new In-Space Systems unit and brought its development of a new maneuverable spacecraft, Blue Ring, out of the shadows, aiming to capture a slice of a growing market for refueling and deploying spacecraft while in orbit. Blue Origin this year also spun its moon lander program into a new independent business unit.
In replacing Smith with Limp, Bezos told employees in an email last month that “I know we’ll remain focused on our customer commitments, production schedules and executing with speed and operational excellence.”


Comet disruption is difficult to understand due to the large number of parameters involved in this process. In the present work we would like to find a possible connection between the disruption of cometary nuclei and their orbital parameters. The JPL Small-Body Database2 contains orbital elements for 2461 comets. We have excluded from our analysis comets detected by satellites (such as SOHO and SOLWIND) which leaves 1352 objects.
The 3rd Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Object Catalog (SDSS MOC3) has been compared with visible wavelength spectra available from the Small Main-Belt Asteroid Spectroscopic Survey (SMASS). Using 149 objects in common to both surveys, we create a translation from SDSS colors to the SMASS taxonomic system developed by Bus (1999). We extend up to 40313 the number of asteroids for which a taxonomic classification is available. These data clearly reveal the well known compositional structure of the asteroid belt with respect to the distribution of S-types, C-types, and V-types. A direct test on our SDSS classification of V-types by follow-up spectroscopic measurements confirms a V-type taxonomy for five of the six objects sampled. Most interestingly, our SDSS taxonomy correctly predicted the V-type nature for asteroid (21238) 1995 WV7 located far from Vesta across the 3:1 mean motion resonance at 2.54 AU. Asteroid 21238 may be a new example of a basaltic achondrite asteroid having no connection to Vesta.
Search of new, high-inclination clusters in the main belt asteroid population, using the D-criterion. We find three possible new clusters: (31) Euphrosyne; (702) Alauda and (945) Barcelona. We provide simple ephemerides for the next oppositions in the time interval 2004-2008, in order to motivate physical observations of the candidates, to check their reliability as families


I’m going to try not peeing my pants with excitement or embarrassingly myself by saying something arrogant, but: LAUGH ALL YOU WANT. The Space Elevator could be the great engineering achievement of our lifetime – OURS – and could be wonderful tool for science, industry, space exploration, etc. But we – all of us – need to have the courage to come together and decide (or, I should say, realize) that the space elevator is possible. It can be built if we put enough energy into thinking about HOW to build it, and we can do one thing right. I think the previous few generations have made a lot of mistakes, and I’m hopeful that as my generation takes over our apathy and cynicism don’t prevent us from a great engineering achievement like this.


|Welcome to DeepSkyJam
web site. I have been interested in amateur astronomy when I was teenager
at about 15 years old.
22 years later, I decided to start serious stargazing and bought my third telescope. >> learn more
|You will now enter
the heart of my hobby.
Before purchasing my Meade LX200 GPS 14" telescope I had already planed to build an observatory to house it. In fact, I never forgot that the size of this king of telescope is not easy to move and must be permanently polar aligned.>> learn more
|I'm new in CCD imaging and the purpose of this section is not to give a general tutorial for imaging with the DSI, but provide you with a description of how I use this CCD camera with my setup. For more information about the DSI see the section "related links" at the bottom of this page.>> learn more|
can found here some tech-notes describing home made modifications I realised
on my setup.
- 52 watts dew heater>> learn more
- Hartman mask >> learn more
- 12 V DC and 10.7 V DC >> learn more
- Dew sheild >> learn more
- Pier >> learn more
- Finder Scope >> learn more
Month after month found in this section some stories about my skills in astronomy. Plus, large photos to illustrate them.
This month: My Trip to JFK Space Center in Florida
>> learn more


When I was younger and smitten with Megalodon sharks and imagining what lies at the bottom of our oceans (wait, I still am...), I would spend afternoon's calculating how long it would take me to walk around the world, assuming I were a giant of various heights. I would make little models and sketches, doing my best to capture scale.
Years later, I would attempt to calculate how long it would take a penny to reach the bottom of Mariana's trench. Thankfully, there are others out there with my exact same question, enabling me to cross check the work of my younger self. Also, #blessyou person who wrote: "This is the best question I never realized I wanted to know the answer to."
This exchange = #puregold:
Similarly, I wondered, "Will my penny get crushed by the pressure?"
[Note: It is definitely not a coincidence that Robert answered Merlin's question about a pebble reaching the bottom of Mariana's Trench ON MY BIRTHDAY. #greatquestionmerlin #howmuchdoesyourpebbleweigh]
The moon is another familiar mysterious place. It's one we see (weather permitting) nearly every day, but only twelve of us have ever set foot on it. Below are a few answers to questions you may not have known you had.
- If a car could drive vertical into space at 60 miles per hour, it would take you 6 months to reach the moon (but only one hour to get to space).
- Assuming you walked non-stop (also, assuming you can walk on the moon) at ≈ 3 miles per hour, it would take you 91 days to walk the around the moon at its equator. Your trip time would double to 182 days if you only chose to walk 12 hours in a 24 hour window.
- Temperatures on the moon are extreme, approximately 212 degrees Fahrenheit (or 100 degrees Celsius) during the day, and minus 343 degrees Fahrenheit (or minus 173 degrees Celsius) at night. For perspective, the highest temperature ever recorded on Earth was in Kuwait in 2016 at 129 degrees Fahrenheit, or 54 degrees Celsius. The Earth's coldest temperature was recorded by the Soviets at Vostok Station, Antartica on 21 July 1983 at 128.6 degrees Fahrenheit, or minus 89.2 degrees Celsius. So for your moon trips, pack your (pineapple) suitcase accordingly.
[PS. Internet, I love you.]