There are five races, four preceding the current race of man. The first race was ethereal, the second spoke with a chant like voice. The third race was the first race to evolve from a sexless race of divine humans from its inception, to the close of the third race the distinction of sex was manifested. These divine humans created the forth-coming fourth and final fifth race. This third root race, were cyclopean giants that are known as the Nephilim. They were the builders of the great Typhon and her son Sut, the seven stars of the Great Bear, later in solar reckoning they were typified by the seven planets.
These giants were of Lemurian lineage, and when the great upheaval that beset the Lemurian continent, it was destroyed by fire. Which is an allegory that represented the wrath of the Sun god Ptah. Many died in this destruction, those that survived copulated with the fourth race called the Atlanteans, created new giants, of pronounced beauty, smaller and more cultured. These giants were called the builders of the Suns of Light. The Original giants, the Cyclopean had one eye that is referred to as the third eye. But by the time the atlantians were created the third eye, which was once visible turned inward, and we know it now as the pineal gland. The one eye is interestingly called by masons the all-seeing-eye.
The Freemasons real builders are the Cyclops or otherwise known as the Greek Titans, who built this earth and the celestial universe. Then which followed the fifth race as we all know it, up to this point.
It is said that Atlantis had four rivers, four kings that created the four elements.
The book of Genesis claims that god created male and female, and their name was Adam take Ad, the prefix, which represents a nation that had 4 rivers that are in opposite directions, North, South, West, East, that created the four cardinal directions of the world; as well as the symbolism of the cross; that was surrounded by a ring, which in the past was the symbol of Atlantis. The symbol of earth is its shape, and the planetary ruler is Venus. Also it looks like the ankh.
It is mentioned that the Egyptian pyramids was the tomb of Seth, whom created the pillars of the world, the North and the South Pole. Also they represent the solstices. These pillars were brought to Siriad, and the numerical scheme of the pillars, are reminiscent of the Suns orbit at its center. This explains the reasoning of the pyramid being the tomb of Seth. These pillars represent the magical or celestial tradition of the universal law. Seth is a generic name along with Set, Taht, and Hermes, that represent the Atlantian initiates which were called The Sons of The Son of The Dragon.
Mentioning the pillars, they represent the Sun, and the Moon, male, female.
When the Egyptian Pharaohs needed greater strength and vigilance, they wore the tail of the lioness, uniting the female current with the male, Sun/Moon. It is practiced modernly with the priest’s long garments and the professors of old. The real meaning isn’t normally recognized.
The place of Amenta is the gateway of resurrection; there are twelve gates, each representing a zodiac sign, the first gate is for the pure soul, and is hard to enter, the last is the easiest since it is the doorway to the earth of eternity. These gates or doorways are opened by Ptah, and his builders. Amenta is said to be the meeting place of the Sun and the Moon, which in their union creates the ever coming Sun, or the new born Sun otherwise known as Horus. There are ten great mysteries of Amenta, celebrated on ten different nights. The connection with the ten sephiroths are seen here, and the tenth malkuth, is earth.
It is known that the Great Pyramid was a Masonic temple, its entrance to its inter-most shrine, was situated north to South, which showed its age. North represents the moon and sun represents the South. Being built near the centermost point of the world, it represents the point within the circle. Meaning Ptah the Sun for the circle, and Maya, the moon, representing the point. Also it means the earth and its manifestation. There are three chambers in the pyramid, one above the king represents the sun, the one below the king represents the Queen, or the moon, and the lower one beneath the Queen represents the heart, or earth. These are the three triadic forms of spirit.
The pyramid is called the secret house; it is called by the Egyptians, “The light.” The master of the secret scroll, or secret wisdom, was in the secret chambers also bearing the name, “The light.” In order to follow this light you must understand the mechanics of the lights in consort with the earth; the Sun, and Moon.
The left foot represents the destruction of the Giant Serpent which that, “hides in the dark and comes forth to war with the light.”
A candidate of masonry had to endure twelve trials, known as twelve tortures, symbolic of the zodiac. In which he had to ascend a ladder, known as Jacobs’s ladder, up seven steps, represented by the seven planets. Or known as the steps of the Pleiades. These are known as the seven steps of initiation.
It is said that when at the judgment of the soul in Amenta there are 45 assessors present at the weighing of the soul, to the eternal earth, which took place before Osiris. The three of the 45, which brings them down to the 42 assessors, are the triad of Osiris, Isis, Horus, being as follow according to the tarot, 12 zodiac cards, 7 planetary cards, 3 elemental cards, these all represent divine judgment of your spiritual karma and all that you can control therein. The rest, the earthly karma endured that you can control, is represented by assessors of the following cards: 16 court cards, 4 elemental cards, and 36 minor Arcana cards. So the lesser Arcana cards represent earth. While the rest represents the gods. Now another method to look at these assessors of 42, make the back of the brain, the Moon, and the front, The Sun. Adding forty two equals six which also equals the hexagram, the symbol of Ptah, and six is similar to the six days of creation, which form a Seventh. These forty two faculties combined into one or forty three make seven.
The seventh is represented by the Sun. According to the forty three as seven, (simply add them) the seven planetary cards, come to manifest. And because of this it makes forty nine, simply multiply 7 times 7, the forty nine then equals 13, which equals 4, representing the four elements. Then the elements or aces of the minor Arcana come to assess according to the four.
There was a battle between darkness and light, which were between Sut (Saturn) Horus (The Sun), which Shu (mars) tried to reconcile. These gods were also named the gods of the pillars in Amenta, just like Seth was. But Shu created a triad, the first one recognized. This triad became a triangle, and the meaning of this triangle is represented by Shu standing on the pyramid of seven steps with the apex of the triangle resting upon them; meaning he lifted up the earth in the form of a triangle. This was called a ladder, or the staircase of Shu.
In the ritual of the Egyptians two sets of names were given to the seven steps of the primordial powers, or planets. The first set, of Horus, the Sun, and the other represented by the Moon. It’s been said when the triangle apex is downward it means darkness, or the Moon.
The god Shu created a new foundation of two more equinoxes, the East, and West. The east is represented by the Sun day, the West night and the Moon. The east also represents Venus, as the Empress Major card, and the west the Wheel of Fortune, also Jupiter. Those two planets astrologically are the most benefic and lucky planets.
The serpent that has been pierced by an arrow is known as an image of union between the moon and the sun. A lamb holding a cross has the same meaning.
In druid ceremonies people were arranged in order of merit, according to the numbers three, five, seven, which these candidates were led nine times around their temple going from east to West, the sun rising, the sun at noon, and the sunset. All equaling 3 each 3 + 3 +3 = 9; nine is also the number for Yesode, the sephiroth of the Moon. Nine is also represented by the ninth mystery of Amenta, which is a number of gestations, to prepare for the final judgment of the tenth mystery of Amenta, Malkuth.
Stone-hedge was built by those early giants before the deluge, and the word Stone-Hedge, means Kaer-Sidi, which is known as the seat of Sidi, or seven; which brings back the concept of the seven planets, etc. The word Sidi means Saturn, and the outer stones of the circle are counted as thirty, the astrological cycle of Saturn. Ark in Egyptian means Saturn, and corresponds to the title the Ark of Saturn, and was revered as the temple of the Sun and Moon.
Saturn is symbolized by a stone, the spiritual rock that is the foundation of the solar temple, and the stone represents earth. It is known that the name Sut, in Egyptian means stone, and that the wielder of the hammer, or stone is sacred to nature or earth. There is a white stone mentioned in the book of revelation that is held sacred in its symbolism, its true name is Chalcedony. It is the stone of an initiate and given to those that are worthy. It is the stone the builders rejected, and became a headstone because of its number 231, the measure of the earth, sun, and moon. This stone may be the philosophers stone later mystified as a stone of alchemy. The philosopher stone is the transmutation of gold and silver, Sun and Moon.
The number thirteen signifies the great mother of the seven stars, known as Typhon, the Eagle represents the great mother, and that of the initiate. And on the American currency of the dollar bill it shows thirteen stars. In which represents the zodiac and the sun, 12 + 1 = 13. The stars also form a hexagram, six stars, and represent the Sun. Each star alone represents a pentagram, the earth. On the pyramid it has 72 stones, reminiscent of the Shemhamphoresch, the 72 names of god.
The rose is a symbol of life, and of the great mother, and it has one hundred and eight petals. What can be seen is that each 12 zodiac signs, times 9 the number of gestation equals 108. The rose is female, and also the moon. Another way to see the number 108 is by Hebrew gematria, the one hundred equals Qoph, the tarot card of Qoph is the moon. The eight equals Cheth, the Chariot ruled by Cancer and also the Moon. Taking away the zero we have eighteen, the 18th path. Noticing even further adding the one and eight we get nine, representing Yesode the moon. Also of interest nine is Hermit in tarot, the Yod which is ten, the godhead, and also the ten mysteries of Amenta, the ten sephiroths. The number 108 represents the seat of maternity, enclosing the universe in her arms, like a fence. The Hebrew description of the fence is in the letter Cheth.
The symbol of the rose-cross represents the rose symbolism, and the cross of the four elements. Together it represents the destruction of human life, so the divine can transmute to a new form on earth. The rose symbolizes the state of Israel, and that Adam gave from the Garden of Eden.
Vishnu like the god chaos, strides through the seven regions of the universe, or the seven planets, which was done in three steps. These three steps represent Sun, Moon, and The Earth. Astronomically they represent the three phases of the day, Sunrise, Noon, and Sunset. It is said when Vishnu dreams, during the interval of his creations, he is supported by a great serpent with seven, on the waters of the abyss. This serpent is symbolic of the great mother, Typhon, and her fellow children the builders of the north that were giants, or the nephilim.
The great serpent of all time is the Sun. Any planetary spirit was known as a serpent, because of its great rays of light. Lightning or light, travels in a zigzag motion, which is emblematic of a serpent, which is duality coming from unity, explaining the dual nature of lightning.
Vishnu’s incarnations are symbolic of the sun passing through the twelve signs of the zodiac, applying their functions. Vishnu’s ten avatars also represent the symbolism of Amenta and the ten mysteries. As mentioned before it alludes to the ten sephiroths.
There is a curious myth of Vishnu’s that his ten avatars represent the development of the human race, and the individual human beings development, and its fate. This prophecy states that there is nine manifestations of this, the gestation, the tenth that’s awaited will be judged and sent to its final incarnation. Curiously the place where these avatars reside is called The White Island, also known as Shamballa. It is said that at the last day the world will be consumed by fire or water. The Sun and Moon will lose their light and a new heaven and earth will replace the old. It is interesting to know that the human embryo represent the nine gestations of being creating within the womb, nine months give and take. This human cycle also reflects the creation of the earth.
Before this new earth appears, there will be war, darkness, and death. Sorrow and misery will spread. Vishnu or the Sun will arrive and bring the light to sustain the judgment with those of pure of blood, or the initiates. Vishnu will be riding a white horse, symbolic of Sagittarius, or the card of Temperance. Temperance has the meaning of modifying, switching. The white horse is the archer, the conqueror, and is emblematic of the serpent coil, or solar force, the Sun. Arrows which also represent Sagittarius, is recognized as pointers or directions of the way of immortality. The arrows are aimed here on earth. The white horse stamping his left foot represents the destruction of the earth. It’s also called the fire horse in this form, champing its bit. The moon and sun will unite.
The circle of the zodiac is split in two, Cancer, and Capricorn, the two solstices. These are called the gateways of the sun. Cancer is involution, and called the gate of man, its spiritual death for a time. Capricorn is evolution, and called the gate of the gods, its ascendancy from earth to a more godlike form. When the soul incarnates on earth, it arrives in Leo the first phase of the conditions on the earth. Reflecting upon tarot, the 7 of wands is Saturn in Leo, which is the beginning of the minor arcana according to the Golden Dawn. Saturn as we know, “Saturn is symbolized by a stone, the spiritual rock that is the foundation of the solar temple, and the stone represents earth. It is known that the name Sut, in Egyptian means stone, and that the wielder of the hammer, or stone is sacred to nature or earth.” Also Leo is ruled by the Sun, and hence the zodiac is being chased by the Sun.
Man like the zodiac is in the form of a circle from its conception, but breaks the circle, when he is born he is turned into a broken and extended circle. Unless man becomes immortal he won’t consciously be a perfect circle.
The wolf is of interesting symbolism, being the light from the Sun, lighting the earth below, or Isis as her guardian in the depths of the underworld. Note: Isis also represents the Moon. The wolf has been seen since in the Denderah Planisphere of the heavens, to be as old as 87,000 years.
There are four winged animals called the Cherubim that represent the four cardinal elements. These four cherubs were found in Egyptian temples, and were said to inlay the eastern gate of Eden, as a token for Ptah. They are also in the allegorical Temple of Sol-Om-On standing on each side of a cube, their wings spread on the Ark.
Also these four cherubs represent the four fixed signs of the zodiac, Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, and Aquarius. The Hebrew word for cherub means a bull, the soul or angel of the earth is a bull. The bull is the zodiac animal for Taurus which is ruled by Venus, and that of Hathor.
The name blazing sword came to be known as the light which man seemed to have forgotten how to direct. Knowing how to wield this power and direct the magic forces he was then named the conqueror of the flaming sword. In the Cabbala, the ten sephiroths were emanated by the flaming sword or lightning flash, traveling from the highest sephiroth Kether, to the lowest of malkuth, Earth. The sword is the symbol of the word of god, or the word of power. The sword is the guardian of the pillars, and keeps alive the tree of life and the zodiac.
The Masonic coffin represents the death from darkness and the time to reflect upon the light in order to be reborn from the ashes like a phoenix, from its death, into immortality, the perfect resurrection. In Britain a candidate coming into the mysteries had to be kept in darkness for nine days, the number of gestation of human life. The vault has similar meaning, but it represents the human, and also earth. This vault is mystically buried so that the light can enter the darkness and be seen. It is also said to represent a miniature of the universe, the microcosm.
In a ritual of the Egyptian Aments there were two ladders that represented two stages; one called the ladder of Sut (Saturn) the land of darkness the other the ladder of Horus, (Sun) the land of light. These ladders are known as Jacobs’s ladder, the ascension from the earth to the divine. The steps were seven in number. Jacobs Ladder is referred to as the soles of the foot. The word Mani meaning foot-soles represents the two truths, eluding to the two ladders of Sut and Horus. The ladders also represent the two poles of the earth, North and South, which refers to the Moon, and the Sun. It was said that there were seventy two angels, or Aeons on the ladder. These are known as the Shemhamphoresch, which each 2-10 suits of the Minor Arcana are given 2 of these angels. Pyramids were built to honor the seven steps of the ladder, or seven planets, which were called high places in Hebrew texts.
There was a book of stone called Petroma which was in two parts. It was the book of the great Typhon written in stone. Reflecting elsewhere in this document stone means earth and the stone is a symbol of Saturn, and the word Sidi, means Saturn, and seven. Mentioned above, the two ladders of seven steps each, represented by the two poles, Sun and Moon, represents the great mother Typhon and her seven stars of the great bear, and the creation of the universe.
The Tent of Tetragrammaton, the Tabernacle, or the meeting place in the desert, has very curious meanings. The tent is represented by the Temperance card, or Sagittarius because of the Hebrew letter Samekh. The letter Samekh is symbolized by the keyword prop, or tent. This brings us to the point that Temperance mentioned elsewhere means modifying, and switching. This tent was built according to the imagery of Moses on Mount Sinai, and built with ten curtains. The length of each curtain, eight and twenty cubits, and its breadth four cubits, the ten curtains are the ten divisions of the Ark of heaven and its four corners, of the elements, and the twenty eight measures corresponding to the lunar cycle. Also note that the twenty eight measures added together are ten. The ten, “Vishnu’s ten avatars, also represent the symbolism of Amenta and the ten mysteries as mentioned before, it alludes to the ten sephiroths.”
Bazalael, and his many names, the builder of the cosmic tent, or tabernacle knew the true meanings of the letters of the alphabet of the heavens and its creation. Hermes a similar god, named the zodiac the Great Tent. The heavens were called the temple of initiation. It was called this because the Sun passed the two great signs, that of Cancer and Capricorn. The latter being the Great Initiation.
There is a veil in the tabernacle of four different colors, white, blue, crimson, and purple. A banner for each they showed four different images, the Bull (Taurus), the Lion (Leo), the man (Aquarius), and the Eagle (Scorpio). These are the four fixed stars in the zodiac, which is also an element.
The Shewbread represented the twelve months, or the zodiac, seven planets represented the candlestick, or the heavens. The Tabernacle is the universe in microcosm on earth. The blazing altar of burnt offering was for the use of sacrifices to the sun god, usually represented by incense.
The most holy of objects in the Tabernacle was the Ark, remember Ark means Saturn. Thus, “was revered as the temple of the Sun and Moon.” In this Ark there are two cherubim facing each other. Within, there are two tablets of Moses, which are said to be two Cherubs mentioned above. These Cherubs represent the Sun and Moon, and also represent the two bears, the little and the big bear.
In Egypt, the Egyptian Solomon is the coming son, he was the designer of the tabernacle, and was the divine architect. Solomon being the prince of peace was the sun and moon manifestation. They are known as the god Ptah, and the goddess Ma.
The hammer, or gavel, is a weapon of the god Thor, and is a symbol of justice. Its original form was that of a double axe. The double axe is represented by the two lights the Sun and the Moon. The gavel in ancient symbolism is related to the swastika, the workers hammer, the weapon of Thor. The swastika was originally formed by two figures, reminiscent of the Sun and Moon creating the elements. This weapon is symbolic of purifying the earth and creating a new one. Thus, the hammer that creates. When this hammer is used in conjunction of the cup, it represents the union of the Sun and Moon.
In representing the cross, there is a mystical chain formed from a circle and a cross shown by crossing arms of one person to another, which represents the sun and moon, and the elements uniting, this symbol also represents the planet Venus in an astrological glyph. Venus ruling the earth is also shown. The astrological glyph of Venus also resembles the Egyptian Ankh. This circle and cross was to be squared to form a Tau cross, also the Hebraic thirty second path, symbolizing Saturn and the World Tarot trump. This squared cross is a form of ninety degrees, reducing it results in nine the number of the generator.
The square is also the swastika and is called the generator of fire, or the light, and that of the sun. The Tau cross was originally created to recognize the rising of the Egyptian Nile River. The Cross was the fire of life that protected the lands from the inundation, hence the swastika being called the Tau Cross. The Tau cross is called the beginning of the end of secret wisdom. This cross in another form called the triple Tau, is emblematic of the trinity, hence the three lines on the cross shape. The following quote states, “The headless or Tau cross is also a figure of the three quarters of the zodiac circle, or nine signs; the fourth quarter, or the last three signs, was for mystical reasons not completed. In the kabala this number nine is the Broken Wheel, the wheel which cannot be completed until man becomes the perfect number twelve.” (1) This broken wheel may represent the broken earth as present.
The remaining three wheels, Capricorn, Aquarius, Pisces, are shown in the tarot trumps of The Devil, The Star, and The Moon. The ruling planet of each card or sign is, The Devil is Saturn, The Star is Uranus, and Pisces is Neptune. The Devil is sometimes called the Beast, and so is Saturn, Saturn is Sirius in his form of Sut. The planet Saturn may represent the next earth not physical but allegorical. The planet Uranus may be the next sun, and the Neptune the new moon. A name for Capricorn was called Makara, translated as Crocodile. The crocodile is a symbol of the Constellation Draco, and being called that because of the rising sun, its nadir, and it’s set. It shows that the crocodile would come out during sunrise, sit in the sand at day, and be submerged at night, with its tip pointing out of the water. The word Makara beginning with the letter M is most sacred, and in Hebrew it is the letter Mem.
In tarot the trump is The Hanged Man, meaning sea or water hence the crocodile in the water at night. The word Makara is also typified by Makaram which stands for the microcosm of the macrocosm, or earth below the universe. This word is connected with the destruction of the earth and also it is known this word means the number five. It is symbolized by the pentagram, the elements and the earth, when the pentagram is down it means creation.
The symbolism of the bee is quite detailed. The ancient Jew’s called the Bee the Word of god, and its ancient title was that of the sun, or otherwise called the Great Revealer. The Persian Sun-god was called the Great Revealer of the godhead, or Mithras. Who of which was represented by the Lion the animal of the Sun and Leo, the symbolic name of the lion is in the initiates grip called the Lions Paw. This Lion has been seen with a bee in its mouth presenting it to the initiated, carrying the word of god. The Bee has also been sacred to the goddess Venus.
The name Abraxas is a name given to that of a Sun god. His name has seven letters, representing the seven planets of the heavens. His names numerical value is said to be 365, which relates to the number of angels or aeons. Aeons were arranged in two’s, male/female, Sun/Moon. According to the Persian sun god Mithras, its name relates to that of Abraxas, giving the name IAO, and it is a name of great power. The god Abraxas and the word IAO have a magical formula that is the word of the new Earth. This formula is actually an incantation, its: “ABRAHADABRA.” The formula is in this name, counting the letters it equals 11, the total of the five points of the pentagram, representing the earth and mankind, and the six points of the hexagram, the Sun god Ptah. It gives the eleven pointed star, the key to the coming aeon.
Mount Meru, the mountain of Eden, and the gods, is connected to the Tower of Babel, the pyramid of Sakkara and other monuments which created the worlds altar stairs equaling seven, that of the seven planets of the heavens. The planet Saturn is represented by the seventh step, similar to Jacob’s ladder.
The three fold construction in the blue lodge of freemasonry is represented by the sacred numbers 3, 5, 7. The 3 is symbolized by 3 large stars in the constellation of Orion, that are particularly linked to the Blue Lodge, that consist of the above numbers of 3, 5, 7; being: Two of these stars are just 3 degrees apart, the other is 1/3 a degree from the other two. They represent the entered apprentices. The Hades near Orion are 5 in number, and represent the fellow craftsman, near by is the Pleiades, 7 in number representing the master mason. The color of the name of the Blue lodge, which is blue, is the Egyptian color of the sun; they used lapis lazuli in their temples to represent Ptah, or Ra.
It is interesting to know that the Apron represents a leaf, the leaf is a symbol of the Hebraic letter Daleth, the leaf, and the door, or called the leaf of the door. It gave entrance to those that were initiates. The letter Daleth is ruled by Venus, and the corresponding tarot trump is the empress; she represents the earth. The fig-leaf is also emblematic of the Apron; it is a trinity in unity, which is a triangle. The triangle also corresponds to the Sephiroth Binah, or the planet Saturn. In which the last tarot trump of the tarot is ruled by Saturn, and represents the earth also, the World trump. The ancient Egyptians wore an Apron in the form of a triangle inlaid with gold, representing the Sun god Ptah, and twelve jewels of the zodiac. The Masonic Apron also represents the seven planets or stars.


‘The universe is under no obligation to make sense to you’- was once famously said by Neil Degrasse Tyson. NASA would beg to differ. Founded in 1958, they have been at the forefront of scientific discovery and spaceflight. They are making great strides in uncovering the mysteries of the infinitely expanding cosmos. There have been successful missions like the Apollo Program, Voyager, Pioneers and spitzer, but few infamous failed projects.
In number one, we have Genesis. It is a space probe deployed in 2001 to collect solar wind particles, in other words containing the glorious sun itself. These samples collected would be later used to study the composition of the sun. Although it successfully collected the pieces of solar isotopic ions, it had a tragic landing due to a parachute mishap and crashed in Utah on September 8th, 2004. But luckily, they were able to forage through the debris and salvage some of the sample collectors.
The Mars Climate Orbiter (MCO)
Unlike the movie The Martian, where Mark Watney could come back from planet Mars successfully to planet Earth MCO could not. Lockheed Martin, who was NASA’s subcontractor for this mission, designed the robotic probe to have metric units of pounds. Still, NASA used Newtons as a metric unit which caused a systematic glitch. This experiment led to NASA losing all connections with the probe, which is thought to either have entered the sun’s orbit or burnt up and been destroyed by the red planet’s atmosphere.
Deep Space 2
Known as ‘Mars Microprobe’, this is the second spacecraft developed under the NASA New Millennium Program. The occasion intended to demonstrate high-risk technology corroboration, and “the initiation was to reduce risks in future” was the slogan for this experiment. Instead of using conventional landing methods Deep Space 2 was supposed to follow the idea of a penetrator probe. And it was impacting the planet at high speed instead of decelerating for a softer landing. It was supposed to measure atmospheric pressure, density and temperature while also analyzing the soil layers if successful. But, just like MCO, the fate of deep space 2 remains a mystery, as after impact communication could not be successful. For more information visit this site: cnnnewsworld
Hubble Space Telescope
After the launch of the Hubble Telescope, a flaw was detected that affected the clarity of the images. There was an aberration one-50th the thickness of human hair, which caused the returning images to be blurrier than expected. Perkin-Elmer Corp created the primary mirror used in the Hubble Telescope. After investigation, the diagnostic result was the flaw was due to the equipment used to manufacture the mirror. Thankfully, later on, authority corrected by building replacement instruments for the telescope.
Despite the failed experiments, NASA’s space exploration has not halted. Instead, they are fueled to reach other planets and break through more atmospheres to learn more about the universe we would abode. Their future visions include building a long-term sustainable robotic habitat on the moon, and the first mission of this project is named Artemis I planned for 2021. NASA’s failures and achievements both remind us that the sky is genuinely not the limit.
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The moon is a great revealer, and following moon cycles is one of the clearest guides given to us by nature. Here's a resource to help you get in harmony with your place under each New Moon:
Moon Phase Today: 2023 Moon Phase Calendar
What is the Moon Phase today? Use our 2022 Moon Phase Calendar to find dates and times of the full Moon, new Moon, and every phase in between. Beyond the phases of the Moon, you will also see daily Moon illumination percentages and the Moon's age. Enter your postal code to get all this...


The Immensity of the Huge Universe and God
Light travels 186,282 miles per second (see www.space.com/15830-light-speed.htm), which means that if it could follow the curvature of the earth, a burst of light would flash 7.5 times around the earth in a second. This burst of light travels 11.2 million miles per minute and about 6 trillion miles per year.
The distance from the sun to the earth is 94.119 million miles, equivalent to only 8.3 light minutes. If a burst of light could ping-pong back and forth between the sun and the earth, it would make the trip about 63,325 times in a year.
In July 2022, NASA released some stunning photos of distant galaxies. Below are two of them (Sources: https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/goddard/2022/nasa-s-webb-delivers-deepest-infrared-image-of-universe-yet and https://cdm.link/2022/07/nasas-webb-telescope-could-transform-how-we-imagine-digital-art-along-with-our-cosmos/main_image_galaxies_stephans_quintet_sq_nircam_miri_final-5mb/)
Taken with the James Webb Space Telescope, this first image is approximately the size of a grain of sand held at arm’s length. It shows a galaxy cluster far away: the light generated by this cluster is estimated to have traveled 4.6 billion years—one way—which is some 27.6 billion-trillion miles. I suppose that if the telescope is pointed in the opposite direction, it would find other galaxies that are a similar distance from the earth.
How unimaginably immense is the space that we call the universe.
Which brings us to the big bang theory. NASA (https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/big-bang/en/) explains it in this way:
“The big bang is how astronomers explain the way the universe began. It is the idea that the universe began as just a single point, then expanded and stretched to grow as large as it is right now—and it is still stretching!”
A little more explanation is found at here (https://www.space.com/25126-big-bang-theory.html):
“The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation for how the universe began. Simply put, it says the universe as we know it started with an infinitely hot and dense single point that inflated and stretched — first at unimaginable speeds, and then at a more measurable rate — over the next 13.8 billion years to the still-expanding cosmos that we know today.
Existing technology doesn't yet allow astronomers to literally peer back at the universe's birth, much of what we understand about the Big Bang comes from mathematical formulas and models.”
Which brings us to the question where it all came from and who or what is behind it all.
Beyond describing the start of it all as a “dense single point,” we cannot really figure how this dense object could have existed already for who knows how long and why it then suddenly “inflated.” We understand the effect, but what was the cause? Was there anything or anyone who gave it cause? Was there someone, whom we might call God, who said: “Okay, go!”?
Suppose there was not. Then there is no God now either—or if there is a God now, he/she/it arose after the natural forces unleashed themselves to generate what we now call the universe. Such a God would be smaller than those natural forces, would originate from them, would be a derivative of them, would not be in control of them, would be subject to them. If so, the natural forces would be supreme—and might as well be considered equivalent to some sort of God instead. However, they are mere natural forces, not with a mind or emotions or intelligence or purpose, not a God who rules.
By implication, any God who is worshiped now is worth worshiping only if he/she/it oversaw the big bang also. A religion that has no place for an event like the big bang is a mere narrative.
That leaves us with two options. Either God set the universe in motion from matter that appeared out of what he only knows at the big bang moment, or there is no God, not now and not ever. And if there is no God, what is the point of that big bang, of the vastness of space, of those galaxies, or of us here in 2022?
Which brings us back to the universe and all those lightyears of distance. We are so, so, so small! The God who rules over it all this deserves the capital G.


About This Video
From the discovery of Sedna, a distant object rotating with puzzling slowness, to theories about the death of the universe based on observation of supernova remnants, 2004 was a big year for Hubble science. This third installment in the Hubble yearbook series covers these topics and more.
Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a space shuttle in 1990. Although not the first space telescope, Hubble is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well-known as both a vital research tool and a public relations boon for astronomy. The HST was built by the United States space agency NASA, with contributions from the European Space Agency, and is operated by the Space Telescope Science Institute. It is named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble. The HST is one of NASA’s Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.
Space telescopes were proposed as early as 1923. Hubble was funded in the 1970s, with a proposed launch in 1983, but the project was beset by technical delays, budget problems, and the Challenger disaster. When finally launched in 1990, scientists found that the main mirror had been ground incorrectly, severely compromising the telescope’s capabilities. However, after a servicing mission in 1993, the telescope was restored to its intended quality. Hubble’s orbit outside the distortion of Earth’s atmosphere allows it to take extremely sharp images with almost no background light. Hubble’s Ultra Deep Field image, for instance, is the most detailed visible-light image ever made of the universe’s most distant objects. Many Hubble observations have led to breakthroughs in astrophysics, such as accurately determining the rate of expansion of the universe.
Hubble is the only telescope designed to be serviced in space by astronauts. Four servicing missions were performed from 1993 to 2002, but the fifth was canceled on safety grounds following the Columbia disaster. However, after spirited public discussion, NASA administrator Mike Griffin approved one final servicing mission, completed in 2009. The telescope is now expected to function until at least 2014. Its scientific successor, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), is due to be launched by 2018.
Lyman Spitzer, “father” of the Space Telescope
The history of the Hubble Space Telescope can be traced back as far as 1946, when the astronomer Lyman Spitzer wrote the paper “Astronomical advantages of an extraterrestrial observatory”. In it, he discussed the two main advantages that a space-based observatory would have over ground-based telescopes. First, the angular resolution (smallest separation at which objects can be clearly distinguished) would be limited only by diffraction, rather than by the turbulence in the atmosphere, which causes stars to twinkle and is known to astronomers as seeing. At that time ground-based telescopes were limited to resolutions of 0.5–1.0 arcseconds, compared to a theoretical diffraction-limited resolution of about 0.05 arcsec for a telescope with a mirror 2.5 m in diameter. Second, a space-based telescope could observe infrared and ultraviolet light, which are strongly absorbed by the atmosphere.
Spitzer devoted much of his career to pushing for a space telescope to be developed. In 1962 a report by the United States National Academy of Sciences recommended the development of a space telescope as part of the space program, and in 1965 Spitzer was appointed as head of a committee given the task of defining the scientific objectives for a large space telescope.
Space-based astronomy had begun on a very small scale following World War II, as scientists made use of developments that had taken place in rocket technology. The first ultraviolet spectrum of the Sun was obtained in 1946, and NASA launched the Orbiting Solar Observatory to obtain UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray spectra in 1962. An orbiting solar telescope was launched in 1962 by the United Kingdom as part of the Ariel space program, and in 1966 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) launched the first Orbiting Astronomical Observatory (OAO) mission. OAO-1’s battery failed after three days, terminating the mission. It was followed by OAO-2, which carried out ultraviolet observations of stars and galaxies from its launch in 1968 until 1972, well beyond its original planned lifetime of one year.
The OSO and OAO missions demonstrated the important role space-based observations could play in astronomy, and 1968 saw the development by NASA of firm plans for a space-based reflecting telescope with a mirror 3 m in diameter, known provisionally as the Large Orbiting Telescope or Large Space Telescope (LST), with a launch slated for 1979. These plans emphasized the need for manned maintenance missions to the telescope to ensure such a costly program had a lengthy working life, and the concurrent development of plans for the reusable space shuttle indicated that the technology to allow this was soon to become available.
Quest for funding
The continuing success of the OAO program encouraged increasingly strong consensus within the astronomical community that the LST should be a major goal. In 1970 NASA established two committees, one to plan the engineering side of the space telescope project, and the other to determine the scientific goals of the mission. Once these had been established, the next hurdle for NASA was to obtain funding for the instrument, which would be far more costly than any Earth-based telescope. The US Congress questioned many aspects of the proposed budget for the telescope and forced cuts in the budget for the planning stages, which at the time consisted of very detailed studies of potential instruments and hardware for the telescope. In 1974, public spending cuts instigated by Gerald Ford led to Congress cutting all funding for the telescope project.
In response to this, a nationwide lobbying effort was coordinated among astronomers. Many astronomers met congressmen and senators in person, and large scale letter-writing campaigns were organized. The National Academy of Sciences published a report emphasizing the need for a space telescope, and eventually the Senate agreed to half of the budget that had originally been approved by Congress.
The funding issues led to something of a reduction in the scale of the project, with the proposed mirror diameter reduced from 3 m to 2.4 m, both to cut costs and to allow a more compact and effective configuration for the telescope hardware. A proposed precursor 1.5 m space telescope to test the systems to be used on the main satellite was dropped, and budgetary concerns also prompted collaboration with the European Space Agency. ESA agreed to provide funding and supply one of the first generation instruments for the telescope, as well as the solar cells that would power it, and staff to work on the telescope in the United States, in return for European astronomers being guaranteed at least 15% of the observing time on the telescope. Congress eventually approved funding of US$36,000,000 for 1978, and the design of the LST began in earnest, aiming for a launch date of 1983. In 1983 the telescope was named after Edwin Hubble, who made one of the greatest scientific breakthroughs of the 20th century when he discovered that the universe is expanding.
Construction and engineering
Once the Space Telescope project had been given the go-ahead, work on the program was divided among many institutions. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) was given responsibility for the design, development, and construction of the telescope, while the Goddard Space Flight Center was given overall control of the scientific instruments and ground-control center for the mission. MSFC commissioned the optics company Perkin-Elmer to design and build the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA) and Fine Guidance Sensors for the space telescope. Lockheed was commissioned to construct and integrate the spacecraft in which the telescope would be housed.
Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA)
Optically, the HST is a Cassegrain reflector of Ritchey-Chrétien design, as are most large professional telescopes. This design, with two hyperbolic mirrors, is known for good imaging performance over a wide field of view, with the disadvantage that the mirrors have shapes that are hard to fabricate and test. The mirror and optical systems of the telescope determine the final performance, and they were designed to exacting specifications. Optical telescopes typically have mirrors polished to an accuracy of about a tenth of the wavelength of visible light, but the Space Telescope was to be used for observations from the visible through the ultraviolet (shorter wavelengths) and was specified to be diffraction limited to take full advantage of the space environment. Therefore its mirror needed to be polished to an accuracy of 10 nanometres, or about 1/65 of the wavelength of red light. On the long wavelength end, the OTA was not designed with optimum IR performance in mind — for example, the mirrors are kept at stable (and warm, about 15 °C) temperatures by heaters. This limits Hubble’s performance as an infrared telescope.
Perkin-Elmer intended to use custom-built and extremely sophisticated computer-controlled polishing machines to grind the mirror to the required shape. However, in case their cutting-edge technology ran into difficulties, NASA demanded that PE sub-contract to Kodak to construct a back-up mirror using traditional mirror-polishing techniques. (The team of Kodak and Itek also bid on the original mirror polishing work. Their bid called for the two companies to double-check each other’s work, which would have almost certainly caught the polishing error that later caused such problems. The Kodak mirror is now on permanent display at the Smithsonian Institution. An Itek mirror built as part of the effort is now used in the 2.4 m telescope at the Magdalena Ridge Observatory.
Construction of the Perkin-Elmer mirror began in 1979, starting with a blank manufactured by Corning from their ultra-low expansion glass. To keep the mirror’s weight to a minimum it consisted of inch-thick top and bottom plates sandwiching a honeycomb lattice. Perkin-Elmer simulated microgravity by supporting the mirror on both sides with 138 rods that exerted varying amounts of force. This ensured that the mirror’s final shape would be correct and to specification when finally deployed. Mirror polishing continued until May 1981. NASA reports at the time questioned Perkin-Elmer’s managerial structure, and the polishing began to slip behind schedule and over budget. To save money, NASA halted work on the back-up mirror and put the launch date of the telescope back to October 1984. The mirror was completed by the end of 1981; it was washed using 2,400 gallons (9,100 L) of hot, deionized water and then received a reflective coating of aluminium 65 nm-thick and a protective coating of magnesium fluoride 25 nm-thick.
Construction of Hubble. The optical metering truss and secondary baffle are visible.
Doubts continued to be expressed about Perkin-Elmer’s competence on a project of this importance, as their budget and timescale for producing the rest of the OTA continued to inflate. In response to a schedule described as “unsettled and changing daily”, NASA postponed the launch date of the telescope until April 1985. Perkin-Elmer’s schedules continued to slip at a rate of about one month per quarter, and at times delays reached one day for each day of work. NASA was forced to postpone the launch date until first March and then September 1986. By this time the total project budget had risen to US$1.175 billion.
The spacecraft in which the telescope and instruments were to be housed was another major engineering challenge. It would have to adequately withstand frequent passages from direct sunlight into the darkness of Earth’s shadow, which would generate major changes in temperature, while being stable enough to allow extremely accurate pointing of the telescope. A shroud of multi-layer insulation keeps the temperature within the telescope stable, and surrounds a light aluminum shell in which the telescope and instruments sit. Within the shell, a graphite-epoxy frame keeps the working parts of the telescope firmly aligned. Because graphite composites are hygroscopic, there was a risk that water vapor absorbed by the truss while in Lockheed’s clean room would later be expressed in the vacuum of space; the telescope’s instruments would be covered in ice. To reduce that risk, a nitrogen gas purge was performed prior to launching the telescope into space.
While construction of the spacecraft in which the telescope and instruments would be housed proceeded somewhat more smoothly than the construction of the OTA, Lockheed still experienced some budget and schedule slippage, and by the summer of 1985, construction of the spacecraft was 30% over budget and three months behind schedule. An MSFC report said that Lockheed tended to rely on NASA directions rather than take their own initiative in the construction.
When launched, the HST carried five scientific instruments: the Wide Field and Planetary Camera (WF/PC), Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS), High Speed Photometer (HSP), Faint Object Camera (FOC) and the Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS). WF/PC was a high-resolution imaging device primarily intended for optical observations. It was built by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and incorporated a set of 48 filters isolating spectral lines of particular astrophysical interest. The instrument contained eight charge-coupled device (CCD) chips divided between two cameras, each using four CCDs. The “wide field camera” (WFC) covered a large angular field at the expense of resolution, while the “planetary camera” (PC) took images at a longer effective focal length than the WF chips, giving it a greater magnification.
The GHRS was a spectrograph designed to operate in the ultraviolet. It was built by the Goddard Space Flight Center and could achieve a spectral resolution of 90,000. Also optimized for ultraviolet observations were the FOC and FOS, which were capable of the highest spatial resolution of any instruments on Hubble. Rather than CCDs these three instruments used photon-counting digicons as their detectors. The FOC was constructed by ESA, while the University of California, San Diego and the Martin Marietta corporation built the FOS.
The final instrument was the HSP, designed and built at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. It was optimized for visible and ultraviolet light observations of variable stars and other astronomical objects varying in brightness. It could take up to 100,000 measurements per second with a photometric accuracy of about 2% or better.
HST’s guidance system can also be used as a scientific instrument. Its three Fine Guidance Sensors (FGS) are primarily used to keep the telescope accurately pointed during an observation, but can also be used to carry out extremely accurate astrometry; measurements accurate to within 0.0003 arcseconds have been achieved.
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The Valentina Ring
Linking the traditionally masculine cigar band to the daintiest of stackers, the Valentina Ring is an otherworldly creation set with six star-set white sapphires. Blast off in silver or gold.
Handmade in Toronto in Sterling silver. Customization available for mixed metals or different stones upon request. Please allow for 1-2 weeks to ship as this is a made-to-order piece.
Valentina Tereshkova is a politician, engineer, and cosmonaut. At the age of 26, she became the first youngest woman to have flown in space. She remains the only woman to have completed a solo space mission. She's had a crater on the moon named after her, and now, a sapphire star-set ring!


On February 27, 1998, Jonathan Schaus and Rick Scholz went to Hell. Many people have asked us why we went to Hell.
The idea began during another trip that we took, this time to visit Rick's brother in Lake Arrowhead. We were looking at the stars, and Jon commented on how many more stars he could see when he lived in Liberia, West Africa. He commented that in Liberia, there are so many stars in the sky, that you can't even begin to count all of them.
We decided then and there to try to find some place far away from the city lights -- far enough so that we could experience stars like you could never see in the city.
After evaluating many options, we decided that Hell just has that special ring to it. So many times, people in a fit of rage would tell us to "Go to Hell." We decided to take them up on that offer.
Hell is located right off Interstate 10, just east of Desert Center, California. After we visited Hell, we continued into Arizona, staying in Gila Bend, Arizona. Saturday, we visited Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, and Sunday, we made the journey home.
Join us now, as we begin our journey to Hell and Beyond.
Comments? Ideas? Send me mail: email@example.com
Copyright © 1998, 2001, 2002 by Rick Scholz, All Rights Reserved.


Update: Thinking about CBS’s Strange Angel.
Strange Angel is CBS’s new online streaming show (like Star Trek: Discovery). The star-fields in that show are amazing to look at. It does make me wonder how accurate those star fields are. Lots of people, like Neil DeGrasse Tyson, can tell you right away when a star field on a TV show is inaccurate.
One night when I was 18 years old I was at a lake with some friends taking a night-time dip. We were there for the phosphorescence: little particles that light up at night from friction.
While the phosphorescence wasn’t nearly as visually striking as the movies made it out to be, a friend of mine looked up to the stars and told me about a little theory. He said:
“If the universe is infinite, then there are infinite variations of our world throughout the galaxy. What this means is: anything you can imagine: it already exists in the universe”.
It was a really cool idea. I already knew from Stephen Hawking’s theories that the Universe, while so vast that we can barely comprehend it, isn’t infinite. That’s an older theory from the days of Einstein.
But it did make me think: even without the infinity factor, are there other worlds where we evolved in exactly the same manner, and in these worlds, are there different versions of us? Perhaps there’s a version of you that asked one girl out on a date instead of another, and ended up married to a different person. Or you took a different job, studied a different degree?
In the incalculable vastness of space, we can’t truly rule anything out yet. Discovering these kinds of secrets of the universe will take vast amounts of time.
Here’s my take on the whole issue, using my very limited brain and limited knowledge:
I think that life, evolutionary processes and more actually have bottleneck moments, where life can evolve in one particular way. When we look for lifeforms that aren’t carbon-based, for example, we run into a problem: our body is an assortment of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (stay with me, here,), and those elements stick together in ways that allow for life to form because of how they chemically bond with each other.
Now, the periodic table only has so many elements in it. Can there be a lead-based lifeform? The elements that combine with lead are limited.
Although, this is my first-year university Biology-educated mind speaking, and I truly am completely open to my mind being changed.
Going back to another galaxy with a version of me that asked another girl out and had a completely different life as a result, well, he could exist. And if I visited this world, I would find the genetic clone of myself, sitting with another girl, perfectly content and not realizing the vast galaxies I had traveled to witness this. He wouldn’t know me. Would you recognize yourself if he or she walked by?
Maybe I would tip my hat to him. Maybe I would tell him he should’ve asked out the other girl. And in the vastness of space maybe, just maybe, there’s room for both destinies to play themselves out.


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An upgraded Kyiv Planetarium chose Screenberry media server to deliver a 4K digital sky. A single media server provides a smooth 360 video playback on a 23-meter dome by driving and auto-aligning 12 x Benq MW705 projectors.
Apart from screening fulldome shows, the Kyiv Planetarium is now also able to deliver astronomy lectures with the help of SpaceTime360™, hold presentations with Presenter360™, and entertain visitors with Meduza360™.
The new system replaced an old one installed by Front Pictures in 2011. The upgraded planetarium received a brighter projection and a new generation of fulldome applications developed by Front Pictures.
The Kyiv Planetarium is the biggest and oldest planetarium in Ukraine. This massive fulldome theater with a capacity of 320 seats has an annual turnout of 150,000 visitors.


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6 Cosmology Is Not A Science, My Scientific Work by exegesisme 1xπ Human being lives in three cosmoses, one real cosmos human never knows, another cosmos as human sees directly in day and night we think it is what as we see now, and the third cosmos is the cosmos we know as cosmology tells us. 2xπ Sun is the nearest star to human, however, human can only know its information as fast as 8 minutes ago. 3xπ The second nearest star to human is 4.24 light years away, which means we can only know its information as fast as 4.24 years ago, and we never know what it really is now. 4xπ The farthest star human can directly see is 1550 light years away, which means we can only know its information as fast as 1550 years ago, and we never know what it really is now. 5xπ The farthest object human can indirectly see is 13.2 billion light years away, which means we can only know its information as fast as 13.2 billion years ago, and we never know what it really is now. 6xπ Therefore, although the most scientific knowledge about our cosmos is the knowledge from cosmology, it can not tell us what our real cosmos is now, and it can only tell us what its history might be. 7xπ Here, I want to introduce a proposition, maybe our real cosmos is much smaller than our cosmology tells us. 8xπ Our real cosmos, now as it is, is much smaller than we know from our cosmology. Our cosmology is just a long history of our real cosmos now as it is. I mean, many different things as our cosmology tells us is actually the same thing in our real cosmos now as it is. 9xπ let's say a person 100 years old, we know her or his photos 10 years ago, 20 years ago, 30 years ago and so on. All these photos are about the same person now 100 years old. 10xπ I mean, what we know from cosmology 12 billion light years ago, 10 billion light years ago, and so on to 1 million light years ago are possibly about the same thing now where we do not know. Our real cosmos at this moment we do not know and never know is very likely much smaller than what the cosmology describes it. In other words, the cosmos in cosmology is not the real cosmos at now in which we are living. Cosmology is not a science, in cosmology now we do not know what are the same and what are not the same. Cosmology now is only about some past information of our real cosmos. Light year is not a scientific concept for spatial distance, and might include meaning of time. Light might be hold to move in the same space repeatedly by gravity for 13 billion years.


Shortly after the phosphine findings went public, Dmitry Rogozin, head of the Russian space agency, remarked that he considers Venus a “Russian planet.” His reasoning? Venus in Earth loves a hug, a gentle stroke or touch on the skin or a massage -- all things material or physical. Venus (/ Ë v iË n É s /, Classical Latin: / Ë w É n Ê s /; genitive Veneris / Ë w É n É r Éª s /) is a Roman goddess, whose functions encompassed love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity and victory. This is not to say that the planets (or the signs) cause anything to happen.  In Inanna and Shukaletuda and Inanna's Descent into the Underworld appear to parallel the motion of the planet Venus. Several claims of transit observations made by medieval Islamic astronomers have been shown to be sunspots. , The astronomical symbol for Venus is the same as that used in biology for the female sex: a circle with a small cross beneath. Venus has its exaltation in Pisces, and is associated with aesthetics, beauty, refinement and romance. For some, any discussion of the final frontier is an unsettling reminder of humanity’s infinitesimal place in the cosmos. Findings from the first missions to Venus showed the reality to be quite different, and brought this particular genre to an end. fire and earth venuses tend to be more assertive and self-centered concerning affairs of the heart. Lovely lady! Pliny the Elder credited the realization that they were a single object to Pythagoras in the sixth century BCE, while Diogenes LaÃ«rtius argued that Parmenides was probably responsible for this rediscovery. Like the moon, Venus represents many of the classically feminine traits. This belief, according to Laurenceau, can become a self-fulfilling prophecy that is potentially damaging. Venus is the second planet from the sun in our solar system and inhospitable for humans — at least in our current form. Although Earth is not viewed in the same ways as the other planets in astrology, she too influences us every day as we interact with the myriad of environments she offers: jungles, prairies, mountains, deserts, oceans, and arctic tundras. Article by Diane Stopyra In 1982 the first colour images of the surface were obtained with the Soviet Venera 13 and 14 landers. From beginners through to advanced students of Astrology. The ancient Greeks also initially believed Venus to be two separate stars: Phosphorus, the morning star, and Hesperus, the evening star. It’s a sensual — though not necessarily sexual — world as far as Venus is concerned. 16. Core to the study of astrology is the concept of rulership, which assigns sovereignty of points to signs and houses, signs to houses, and signs/points to aspects of human life. wow sounds like Pisces venus too, and maybe cancer venus. October 21, 2020. This is only the tip of the meteor. Yet in the words of Alice Bailey author of Esoteric Astrology… This article will look at the relationship between the planet Venus and human sexuality. like i literally donât know a single scorpio who wonât start immediately explaining what theyâve been up to lately, dramatic personal life included, as soon as they meet you. Venus is also associated to the Goddess of Love and Beauty, Aphrodite and is the ruler of two zodiac signs: Taurus and Libra. Itâs important that you each have an understanding of how the other is in love and what they want from you. Named after the ancient Roman goddess of beauty, Venus is known for its exceptional brightness. Misstated as "Ganiki Chasma" in the press release and scientific publication. This Venus is a primary feature of the night sky, and so has been of remarkable importance in mythology, astrology and fiction throughout history and in different cultures. that is, of course, if they like you. “There is a lot of really cool stuff going on.”, Contact us at 302-831-NEWS or visit the Media Relations website, Office of Communications & Marketing Your fire sign Venus in an earth sign house can mesh with both fire sign and earth sign Venuses. Venus – Touch Me! In other words, this is not an easy place for earthlings to explore, and it has never been considered all that habitable, anyway. Pulses of radio waves were beamed at the planet using the 300 m (1,000 ft) radio telescope at Arecibo Observatory, and the echoes revealed two highly reflective regions, designated the Alpha and Beta regions. As of 2020, Japan's Akatsuki is in a highly eccentric orbit around Venus since 7 December 2015, and there are several probing proposals under study by Roscosmos, NASA, and ISRO. It’s the ruling planet of both Taurus and Libra. Its position in the chart indicates the area in which the give and take of love, affection and sensual pleasure will be expressed. Alternatively, they may overemphasize the practical by becoming secretaries or accountants, or being overly concerned about budgeting, details, and order. , In September 2020, a team of astronomers led by Jane Greaves from Cardiff University announced the likely detection of phosphine, a gas not known to be produced by any known chemical processes on the Venusian surface or atmosphere, in the upper levels of the planet's clouds. Known as Earth’s “sister planet” due to their similar size, Venus is the only planet in the solar system named after a female goddess.  Poets such as William Blake, Robert Frost, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Alfred Lord Tennyson and William Wordsworth wrote odes to it.  As scientific knowledge of Venus advanced, science fiction authors tried to keep pace, particularly by conjecturing human attempts to terraform Venus. I'm an Earth venus myself and I always thought your venus is what you're attracted to. Venus is also associated with the principles of harmony, beauty, balance and the urge to unite. This planet asks us to appreciate the exquisite nature of things. , Classical poets such as Homer, Sappho, Ovid and Virgil spoke of the star and its light. However, using this time-average definition of 'closeness', it turns out that Mercury is the closest planet to. They called it Chac ek, or Noh Ek', "the Great Star". This is because, according to astronomers, Venus was not always home to hellish temperatures and a crushing atmosphere. The elemental division is one of the foundations of astrology. Earth Venuses feel balanced with affection and creature comforts (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn), while the air Venus enjoys your tender words and steamy â¦ Hindu astrology also uses the elements of ancient Greece, but in somewhat different ways. Meh.  Similar conclusions have been reached by other studies. (A bit ironic considering the origin story of said goddess is anything but romantic — legend has it she was born from the castrated testicles of Uranus, father of the sky, after his genitals were thrust into the sea.). Earth Venuses feel balanced with affection and creature comforts (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn), while the air Venus enjoys your tender words and steamy love notes (Gemini, Libra and Aquarius). Venus is known as Kejora in Indonesian and Malaysian Malay. Venus is in-taking, rather than out-going (as represented by Mars), and rules the signs Libra and Taurus. , Subsequent analysis of the data-processing used to identify phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus has raised concerns that the detection-line may be an artefact. Phone: 302-831-2792. In 1975, the Soviet Venera 9 and 10 landers transmitted the first images from the surface of Venus, which were in black and white. The discovery prompted NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine to publicly call for a new focus on the study of Venus, describing the phosphine find as "the most significant development yet in building the case for life off Earth". All the earthy metaphors are appropriate here: salt of the Earth, feet firmly planted on the ground and so forth.  The discontinuous movements of Venus relate to both mythology as well as Inanna's dual nature. Cafe Astrology interpets the positions of Venus in the birth chart: by sign, house and aspect. Venus is the second planet from the Sun.It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty.As the second-brightest natural object in Earth's night sky after the Moon, Venus can cast shadows and can be, on rare occasion, visible to the naked eye in broad daylight. In the second century, in his astronomical treatise Almagest, Ptolemy theorized that both Mercury and Venus are located between the Sun and the Earth. In the astronomical literature, the term 'closest planets' often means 'the two planets that approach each other most closely'. Ruler Libra and Taurus Exaltation Pisces Detriment Aries and Scorpio Fall Virgo It symbolizes emotions of love, beauty and harmony. Only the moon (not a planet per se) shines brighter, in fact. Head to astro.com and enter your details to find out. NASA obtained additional data in 1978 with the Pioneer Venus project that consisted of two separate missions: Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Pioneer Venus Multiprobe. When Venus is furthest from the Sun in the sky, it shows a half-lit phase, and when it is closest to the Sun in the sky, it shows as a crescent or full phase. Metal cuts Wood.  Such speculations go back to 1967, when Carl Sagan and Harold J. Morowitz suggested in a Nature article that tiny objects detected in Venus's clouds might be organisms similar to Earth's bacteria (which are of approximately the same size): The atmospheric pressure and temperature fifty kilometres above the surface are similar to those at Earth's surface.  Though by the Roman era they were recognized as one celestial object, known as "the star of Venus", the traditional two Greek names continued to be used, though usually translated to Latin as LÅ«cifer and Vesper.. This has led to proposals to use aerostats (lighter-than-air balloons) for initial exploration and ultimately for permanent "floating cities" in the Venusian atmosphere.  In the 12th century, the Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bajjah observed "two planets as black spots on the face of the Sun"; these were thought to be the transits of Venus and Mercury by 13th-century Maragha astronomer Qotb al-Din Shirazi, though this cannot be true as there were no Venus transits in Ibn Bajjah's lifetime.  The successful Soviet Venera program came to a close in October 1983, when Venera 15 and 16 were placed in orbit to conduct detailed mapping of 25% of Venus' terrain (from the north pole to 30Â°N latitude). , In August 2019, astronomers led by Yeon Joo Lee reported that newly discovered long-term pattern of absorbance and albedo changes in the atmosphere of the planet Venus are caused by "unknown absorbers", which may be chemicals or even large colonies of microorganisms high up in the atmosphere of the planet. A mate who can provide a house for them to make a true home out of and use in growing a family, is seen as extremely attractive. In India Shukra Graha ("the planet Shukra") which is named after a powerful saint Shukra. Glowing, gorgeous Venus is the brightest planet in the night sky. Earth absorbs Water. Just like our earth, Venus has its own set of gases that inhabit the planet. The symbol for Venus ♀ is also the female sign in biology. So, if not obsessing over one’s star chart, what can a person do to cope with the exciting, unsettling, thought-provoking news of possible life on another planet? Sun-Venus Conjunctions from 1950 to 2030. Wikisource has several original texts related to: This page was last edited on 22 November 2020, at 15:21. “It’s an exciting discovery for sure,” said Sarah Dodson-Robinson, associate professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Delaware. The first sign of the zodiac is a fire-starter. Heimpel, W. 1982.  Theology professor Jeffrey Cooley has argued that, in many myths, Inanna's movements may correspond with the movements of the planet Venus in the sky. Both planet are terrestrial (meaning that they are made up of silicate rocks and close in size, mass and m gravity. Venus is the planet of love and all the things that you naturally desire. How on Earth is the commission publishing statements that claim to represent its membership when they are not even consulted? Venus is a planet that deals with values, while Virgo itself is grounded and organized. The ten planets of astrology in our solar system are Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. Because of the two different orbital rates of Venus and Earth, Venus must orbit the sun 2.6 times while Earth orbits 1.6 times before the two planets align. One must notice that contrary to Western astrological meanings, the elements in Chinese astrology are not actually ‘static’. He surmised the planet must have a much longer rotation period than had previously been thought. At 880 degrees Fahrenheit, the planet is hot enough to melt lead. It has never radiated the sex appeal of Saturn’s rings or dominated space-centric pop culture like Mars. Of course, not everyone will find comforting the idea that life as we know it on Earth is going to disappear eventually but, hey, maybe not entirely. Esoteric Ruler of Gemini. It is an especially significant finding considering Venus — rocky and orange-hued — has consistently failed to make NASA’s shortlist of promising orbs when it comes to the search for life beyond Earth.  Polished copper has been used for mirrors from antiquity, and the symbol for Venus has sometimes been understood to stand for the mirror of the goddess although that is not its true origin..  The phosphine was detected at heights of at least 30 miles above the surface, and primarily at mid-latitudes with none detected at the poles. Lack of Earth in the birth chart: These people often develop skills which have no practical application, flit from job to job, or overspend and borrow money freely. It will also impact her own work. Each individual Sign within Air Signs tend to be intellectual, poetic and versatile, while Water Signs tend to be sensitive, sentimental and idealistic. The Venus cycle around the earth, the zodiac and our astrology charts is made up of 8 year, 4 year, 19 month and 9.5 month cycles which demonstrate a cosmic geometry like no other, which we can use as an example to reflect growth patterns that unfold in our lifetimes and in our charts.  Though they recognized Venus as a single object, the ancient Romans continued to designate the morning aspect of Venus as Lucifer, literally "Light-Bringer", and the evening aspect as Vesper, both of which are literal translations of their traditional Greek names. Like they will just do things their way and when things go wrong theyâll be like Earth venuses like stability. Venus in astrology, horoscope and mythology, Mantras and Remedies for Venus in horoscope, career, body parts and diseases governed by Venus in astrology. But the second rock from the sun? Your very being which shouts/sings, “Look at how exciting, sexy and fun your life would be with me!” You like the novel & new in everything – in clothes, people and styles- because they make you feel alive. Serious doubt cast on Venus phosphine finding", "Sulfur Dioxide: Episodic Injection Shows Evidence for Active Venus Volcanism", "The Recent Evolution of Climate on Venus", Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, "Naming the Newly Found Landforms on Venus", "USGS Astrogeology: Rotation and pole position for the Sun and planets (IAU WGCCRE)", "Have Venusian volcanoes been caught in the act? In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. Capricorn is a Cardinal sign, known for its initiatory nature, Taurus is a Fixed sign, and it sinks into the Earth perhaps the deepest, and Virgo is a Mutable sign, characterized by changeability. Since Virgo is an earth sign, making love in the great outdoors could also be your jamâas long as thereâs a freshly-laundered (organic cotton) sheet to lay down on the ground. Taurus is an earth sign and Libra is an air sign. ", "Discovery that indicated possibility of extra-terrestrial life attacked by group of astrobiologists", Interactive 3D gravity simulation of the pentagram that the orbit of Venus traces when Earth is held fixed at the centre of the coordinate system, Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Venus, List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Venus&oldid=990055271, Astronomical objects known since antiquity, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, ÐÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ (ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÐºÐµÐ²ÑÑÐ°)â, Ð¡Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ñ£Ð½ÑÑÐºÑ / â°â°â°â°â°¡â°â° â°â°â°, Srpskohrvatski / ÑÑÐ¿ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÐºÐ¸, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. For the 70 million Americans who read horoscopes, the so-called evening star planet has maintained relevance mostly as an indicator of astrological fortune. Looking at Venus sign compatibility is a key to relationship harmony or friction, beyond the Sun sign. Through the Bogota Declaration, these countries claimed this orbit as an extension of their air space and declared sovereignty. out of and use in â¦ “Astrology impacts us because it leads us to make cognitive mistakes and errors,” Laurenceau said. Modest and private, you generally prefer a clean and The element of Earth is attached to the signs Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn, and it also rules the Second, Sixth and Seventh Houses. the planets began to be seen as either malefic or benefic, rather than dependent on season or rising time, and Venus Essentially because Mercury is closer to the Sun than Venus, Mercury spends more time in proximity to Earth; it could, therefore, be said that Mercury is the planet that is 'closest to Earth when averaged over time'. Venus, the teacher of Asuras, is the Son of sage Bhrigu, who is the author of Bhrigu Sutra, and Usha, the dawn.In astrology, Venus rules Taurus and Libra. The energy of the Venus 2020 retrograde period will be in effect from April 10th (when she enters the shadow zone) until June 25th (when Venus will once again turn direct).Look up your *Rising Sign (best option) and/or Sun Sign below to see what this period has in store for you. Brighter than any star in the sky, Venus is almost the same size as Earth, though scientists tell us the planet is somewhat less dense and has a day that lasts more than a year! astro notes rant pt.4 scorpios always have some story to tell. I have told many people who I had a casual tryst with exactly what my intentions were, im not certain about commitment, not to pursue me, etc, but some people, especially water and earth venuses, seem confused by sag If Venus predicts the implosion of your relationship this week, you may start fixating on how your partner chews with an open mouth or leaves dirty socks on the kitchen counter. Venus has often been called Earthâs sister planet because of their similarities. ", "Possible sign of life on Venus stirs up heated debate", "Phosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus", "Scientists find gas linked to life in atmosphere of Venus", "Update: Life Above Hell? Astrology Observations (Personal Experience) ï¦ Mercury in Scorpio or 8th house tend to flirt intentionally quite often. Venus in Earth can be very sensual but it's also very reticent and easily holds within. Maybe this discovery means we get more excited about those Venus-like planets, rather than writing them off as uninhabitable. Love is a serious business and these people are extremely cautious entering new relationships. The following tables reveal the conjunctions of the Sun and Venus from the years 1950 to 2030. Then, Venus Express by the European Space Agency (ESA) entered orbit around Venus in April 2006. The planet Venus has arguably remained less captivating than, say, the legendary tennis star or, for that matter, the women's razor blade companyâboth of those Venuses â¦ Venus in the element Earth may love an outdoor picnic or a romantic dinner with flowers on the table. Closer to the Sun than Earth, the planet was frequently depicted as warmer, but still habitable by humans. Vesto Slipher tried to measure the Doppler shift of light from Venus, but found he could not detect any rotation.  The genre reached its peak between the 1930s and 1950s, at a time when science had revealed some aspects of Venus, but not yet the harsh reality of its surface conditions. Listen out in the NEWS and conversations around you to see what transpires. Venus is incredibly similar to our own planet in terms of chemical composition, mass, and diameter (12,100 km).That said, unlike the Earth, Venus has an opaque atmosphere which makes it impossible to view … This photograph was taken by the Television Photography Experiment aboard, The equatorial speed of Earth is given as both about 1674.4, Enn Kasak, Raul Veede. – that things are taking place in the West and sets in the fortune-telling... Called Maxwell Montes, even without meaning to be clear about the meaning of '! 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Greetings Friend, welcome to our Web Site,
Chamblissburg Baptist Church! A church you can call home. . . . . . .
“1 In the beginning God [Elohim – the powerful creator] created the heavens and the earth.”, Genesis 1:1, NKJV. The heavens are truly beyond our human comprehension! And God just spoke them into existence.
The NASA Hubble telescope was launched on April 24, 1990, scientists have used Hubble to observe the most distant stars and galaxies as well as the planets in our solar system.
So how many galaxies are there in the Universe? Currently, the observable Universe, which has a radius of 46.5 billion light-years, seems to contain at least two trillion galaxies.
What is a light-year? A light-year is the distance light travels in one Earth year. One light-year is about 6 trillion miles. That is a 6 with 12 zeros behind it! Light travels at a speed of 186,000 miles per second. Objects in space are so far away that it takes a lot of time for their light to reach us. The farther an object is, the farther in the past we see it.
The nearest large galaxy to us, Andromeda, is 2.5 million light-years away. So, we see Andromeda as it was 2.5 million years in the past. The universe is filled with billions of galaxies, all farther away than this. Some of these galaxies are much farther away.
In 2016, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope looked at the farthest galaxy ever seen, called GN-z11. It is 13.4 billion light-years away, so today we can see it as it was 13.4 billion years ago.
These statistics just prove that our God [Elohim – the powerful creator] is an awesome and truly incomprehensible creator!
All these pictures (except the one of our church) are from the NASA Hubble Space telescope.