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Cessna 172 Electrical System Pdf
within our reach, based on electric and hybrid propulsion systems and a new class of light urban or suburban aircraft, even planes.. 09.01.2016 — The Cessna 172 Interactive Electrical Diagram allows a pilot to learn the system with a hands-on approach.. Standard industrial practice and is in AC 43.13-1b and Standard Wiring Practices Manual (SWPM). Page 12. Aircraft EWIS Practices Job Aid 2.0. UNCONTROLLED COPY …
You should always think “Power, Attitude, Trim” when performing every maneuver. • This MDG does not include procedures for the 172RG; the Cessna 172RG POH …
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AIRCRAFT GENERAL. ATA Number. ATA Chapter name. ATA 01 … Electrical System Installation. ATA extended list. ATA Specification 2200.. vor 24 Stunden — Freightliner Fuse Box Location Unlimited Wiring Diagram . … The FREIGHTLINER Cascadia Truck Driver’s Manual PDF above the page.
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All 172 information in this manual pertains to the F172 as well. D61G -1J RA. … Electrical energy is supplied by a 14-volt, direct-current system.. Field Low Volt ALT Input Alternator Control Unit (ACU) Ground Sense Power In … MASTER BATTERY EXTERNAL POWER EXT PWR RELAY STARTER STARTER RELAY BATTERY …. 23.12.2020 — for NAVIII Option Airplanes on the Cessna Model 172 until this information gets … Model 172 (Series 1996 and On) Wiring Diagram Manual.. 14.11.2017 — RH Alternator. BATT. Battery. RH ENGINE: FUEL PUMP A. RH ECU A Fuel Pump. FUEL PUMP B. RH ECU B Fuel Pump. (g) Equipment.
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The main wiring harness for the pitch & roll axes gimbal and the stick wiring was … as well as assembled aircraft panels, Plug-n-Play flight systems and …. TABLE OF CONTENTS: GENERAL; LIMITATIONS; EMERGENCY PROCEDURES; NORMAL PROCEDURES; PERFORMANCE; WEIGHT & BALANCE/EQUIPMENT LIST; AIRPLANE & SYSTEMS DESCRIPTIONS …. 29.10.2020 — The electrical system is a critical component in today’s modern airplanes, distributing and supplying power to the lights, avionics and …. Marco’s EPIC system has empowered the staff by allowing them to do more with … Epic also attributes its students’ success to its fleet of new Cessna 172 …. History of the Cessna 172 Electrical Systems ○ Older aircraft systems used a 14 volt alternator with a 12 volt battery. ○ In 1964 electrical fuses were …. CESSNA. MODEL. 172. SKYHAWK. AND. 1968. OWNER’S MANUAL … radios and general electrical systems should be turned off before the.. aircraft’s electrical system and their sequence sets a convenient pattern on which a study of principles … each breaker being closed or tripped by manual.. von J Michałowska · 2021 — during a number of flights made by Aero AT-3 R100, Cessna C172, … 1 for the Cessna 172. system. Figure 7. The electric field in the course …. Cessna 172 R 172 S Series Aircraft Wiring Diagram Manual. Disclaimer: This item is sold for historical and reference Only. These are either ORIGINAL or …. PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK. Cessna. 1976. Skyhawk. CESSNA MODEL 172.4 … Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions .. Download Cessna 172 NAV III Electrical System App 1.0 for iPad free online at AppPure. Get Cessna 172 NAV III Electrical System for iOS latest version.. The aircraft uses two crew members, a pilot and a weapon systems officer. Excel Flight Planning Tool ist ein Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020 Mod erstellt von …. A—2 Ensure aircraft is grounded and battery. 2011 manual marvel schebler carburetor ma-3spa rebuild manual mk2 ma3spa carb – supercub.. operation of the Reims/Cessna F172 Skyhawk which is certificated as Model … Electrical energy is supplied by a 14-volt, direct-current system.. STARTING ENGINE (With Battery). 1. Throttle – OPEN 1/4 INCH. 2. Mixture – IDLE CUT OFF. 3. Propeller Area – CLEAR. 4. Master Switch – ON.. In this booklet, Cessna 172 Skyhawk. Safety Highlights, the AOPA … 23. In the event the electrical system failed, what flight instruments would be lost?. Instructors Note: Never dump sumped fuel back into the aircraft unless your strainer has been cleaned prior to taking a fuel sample. Page 6. Electrical System.. 14.07.2016 — Airspeed/Altitude — See Flight Manual (Section 5) for correction table. VACUUM SYSTEM FAILURE. Left or Right Vacuum Annunciator Light …. 23.03.2017 — Keep in mind that just because the alternator went off line, it doesn’t mean the aircraft’s alternator itself has failed.. Aim Describe principals of operation of the aircraft electrical system. … C172 SP Here we can see the layout of the electrical system in the C172 SP, …. vor 16 Stunden — Read Or Download 172n For FREE Wiring Diagram at DIAGRAMIFY. … Make no blunder about it; Cessna 172n Wiring Diagram panels are the crucial …. Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions … and is in addition to the requirements of the referenced Flight Manual. Crew Drills. Normal Procedures.. For BMWs equipped with OBD I, you can read the codes using a system that is built … Hi, i need all wiring diagram and all foult Code list pdf file please …. 10.11.2000 — Sikorsky Aircraft, USA. 3050. Sikorsky S-76A,S-76C. Relocation of the battery to the forward E- … ST-184-40 in Baureihen Cessna 172M,-.. This A36 Bonanza has been converted to turbine power with the Tradewind STC. … Cessna 172, Beech Bonanza, Cessna 182, Piper Cherokee, and Mooney aircraft …. von AR Gnadt · 2018 · Zitiert von: 55 — Electric aircraft propulsion system topologies. … Some projects, including the Airbus E-Fan, Beyond Aviation Electric Cessna 172, Electric.. von CA Luongo · 2006 · Zitiert von: 270 — potential of an electric propulsion system based on HTS technology, we present a number … first case study is a propeller-driven Cessna 172 type aircraft.. Retrofit G1000 NXi Availability Expanded – Garmin Blog The Cessna 172S G1000 … Read Free Cessna G1000 Wiring Diagram Manual Cessna 182 Wiring Diagram View …. We optimized the power system for long-duration flight by including only enough … system for use in an existing full-size airplane: the Cessna 172 …. TUTES THE FAA APPROVED AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL. f) Member of GAMA. COPYRIGHT. Type 1 Junction Boxes Manufacturer Pages PDF Approval Date Note(s) Armorcast 3 303 kb 3/13/20 Fogtite … Quazite Patch Kit – Hubbell Power Systems. 3:25.. P3d Scenery Lime Crack Pokemon Leaf Green Prima Guide Pdf Download Franck Pourcel … flight computer panel, custom-coded electrical system with functional …. Get Free Cessna 172 Pit. Layout. Cessna 172) X-Plane 11 | The Cessna 172. Electrical System How to make the C172. Panel for your Simulator| Captain Bob X-.. Been having some problems with the electrical system on a Cessna 172M (1974)The … Cessna aircraft 172 service manual 1977 to 1986 D2065-3-13. com) …. At one time the common transition was from a Cessna 152 to a Cessna 172, or from Piper … S-TEC System 30 2-Axis Autopilot with Manual Electric Trim.. Request PDF | HTS Electrical System for a Distributed Propulsion Aircraft | As the commercial aircraft industry aims to meet the challenge of 2050 emissions …. IPC-D-356 Bare Substrate Electrical Test Data Format. … aircraft Maintenance Manual; – aircraft IPC; – Wiring diagrams; – Trouble shooting manual; …. The GNS 430 is secured in the installation rack with the proper wiring … Configurations offered include Cessna 172 steam gauges with a Garmin 430, …. CESSNA. SECTION 1. MODEL 172S NAV III. GENERAL. GFC 700 AFCS. U.S.. GENERAL. TABLE OF CONTENTS … 12V Power System .. PC Gaming in 2008 – game system requirements, compare 2008 system specs with games … The Aircraft Identification box will list our C172’s tail number by …. 26.02.1998 — While in cruising flight at night, the Cessna 172, C-GXSD, serial No. … manual (AOM), was first to turn off the alternator to reduce …. *This manual covers operation of the Model 172/Skyhawk which is certificated as Model 172M under FAA … your aircraft’s equipment, systems, and controls.. Aircraft electrical system will be limited by existing wiring and output breaker not … kit is STC’d for many aircraft including the early Cessna 150, 172, …. The download process took too much time; it was cumbersome to perform and required either aircraft power or a separate battery box. • Use removable FLASH memory …. THERMAL SYSTEMS. THERMACOOL Electric Air Conditioning Sysem. ThermaCool is an all electric air conditioning sysem initially designed for the Cessna 172 and …. 25.09.2018 — Electrical System . … This Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM) includes the necessary data to do the maintenance of the XA41 and the XA42.. OE-KLJ Cessna 172S Skyhawk. 1/24. ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF ROLL … personnel must do electrical system inspection prior to next flight.. Pooleys Flying and Navigational products and accessories provide Pilots with the most comprehensive range of finest Aviation equipment.. Captain Sim – 737 Captain Manual Boeing 737 800 Aircraft Maintenance … provide inertial data to the Electrical Flight Instruments; these systems will not …. Common Training Aircraft Electrical System Characteristics: Cessna-172: 28 Volt DC electrical system; Powered by 60-amp alternator (belt-driven) and …. This is wonderful, but without a reliable source of electrical power — a generator or an alternator — those wonders of the electronic age are worth little.. Matches 7126 – 7150 — The VNAV function on a G1000 or Garmin Perspective system is a great … Diamond Aircraft DA 62 – etwas komplexer als die Cessna 172, …. DIAMOND DA20 POH PDF – DAA1-VLA Aircraft Flight Manual. … The Katana’s battery was moved behind the baggage bay to help move the empty CG aft, …. Wiring Schematics – Mercury. in the old days, Phase Tester also were used for this … Instrument Panel Bezels – Cessna 172 Flight Simulator by allanglen …. This manual covers operation of the Model 172/Skyhawk which is certificated as Model 172L under FAA Type Certificate … Alternator Field Circuit Breaker,.. 11.05.2016 — lights in aircraft fitted only withwingtip strobe light needs further approval.Installation … wiring which willprovide the ATC System with.. The Cessna Skyhawk is the most popular single-engine aircraft ever built and the ultimate flight training aircraft for student pilots.. 08.09.1998 — stated in the aircraft maintenance manual, along with the overhaul intervals. … equipment and the aircraft’s electrical system. 11-7.. Common examples of aircraft include airplanes, helicopters, … POWER GENERATION SOURCES OF AIRCRAFTS The electrical power systems of aircrafts have made …. 26.06.2013 — 4.2 Aircraft wiring repairs and maintenance should, … manual load shedding by the flight crew, provided that the failure warning system …. 01.07.1974 — sent to the Cessna Claims Department. f. Remove battery and store in a cool dry place; service the battery periodically and charge as re-.. Cessna 172 Skyhawk Specifications . … The (battery) ammeter indicates if the alternator/generator is producing an adequate supply of electrical power.. This manual covers operation of the Model 172/Skyhawkwhich is certificated … system powered by an engine-driven alternator. (see figure.. Recharge the Battery. Try unplugging your router for 30 seconds then connecting it again. The lights on the Spotlight Cam will only turn on when it is dark …. 17.10.2018 — Electric propulsion system ops-cost benefits … Flyer during ground ops and taxi, (compared to “idle” engine power required in Cessna 172).. ROBERTSON R/STOL CESSNA 172 & SKYHAWK … low RPM conditions with an electrical load on the System such as during a low RPM taxi.. I found a Cessna 172 1:1 Panel drawing on the internet (you can download on the right side the original version) but I had to modify it. I modified the gauges …. PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK. ~. Cessna@ 1978. Skyhawk. CESSNA MODEL 172N … Electrical Power Supply System Malfunctions. Over-Voltage Light Illuminates .. von GO EMERGENCIES · 2015 — Emergency Descent. E-4. Electrical Fire/High Ammeter. E-4. Negative Ammeter Reading. E-4. Smoke and Fume Elimination. E-5. Oil System Malfunction.. PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK. Cessna. ME. SKYHAWK. 1978 MODEL 172N. Serial No. Registration No. … through the Owner Follow-Up System.. Chapter 7 Wiring and circuit protection. 137. 7.1 Overview … (described in the aircraft maintenance manual) when handling such devices.. The new C172 cockpit introduces new Infinite flight systems. … skateravionics switch on/off the electric system and avionics bus gswitch electric switches …. 13.01.2018 — Cessna 172 Maitenance Manual (Rev 21)(한글정비교범) (17), ELECTRICAL POWER, ALTERNATOR, BATTERY, POWER JUNCTION BOX, ALTERNATOR CONTROL UNIT …. AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL AT ORIGINAL ISSUE, DATED 20. DECEMBER 2007 (PART NUMBER 172RPHBUS-00). COPYRIGHT © 2007. CESSNA AIRCRAFT … 12V Power System .. von M Hepperle · 2012 · Zitiert von: 218 — demonstrated by introducing battery powered electric propulsion systems to small and medium sized aircraft. Abbreviations and Symbols b = wing span [m].. Also, if power and speed limitations specified in this manual … Induction System – Lycoming O-320 series engines are equipped with a float type carburetor …. von H SCHEFER · Zitiert von: 12 — system. This electrical grid can therefore be seen as key driver for energy-efficient aviation. It enables novel approaches for aircraft energy supply from …. Cessna 172S/SP Checklist Cessna 172 NAV III Electrical System $1.99 The Cessna 172 … Cessna 172 SP Checklist – Free download as PDF File (.pdf), …. Items 1 – 16 of 128 — The isolation switch is a manual one installed with the battery (this … transferred, and distributed to the engine of the Cessna 172S.. The Cessna 172 is one of the most popular aircrafts in history and has successfully … Aircraft Outdoor Flight Toys For Kids Boys With 3 Battery : Amazon.. As of this writing, the electricity consumption of the worldwide bitcoin … First National Bank of Chicago, C172/96, Judgment, EU:C:1998:354, paras 25–35.. Cessna 172SP Systems: System. Notes: Landing Gear. ◊ Fixed tricycle gear, tubular spring steel, … 24 volt battery in engine compartment. Enviro. Systems.
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The C Clustering Library consists of a collection of clustering routines that can be used to analyze gene expression data. Routines for hierarchical (pairwise simple, complete, average, and centroid linkage) clustering, k-means and k-medians clustering, and 2D self-organizing maps on a rectangular grid are included.
The GUI program Cluster 3.0, available for
Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux/Unix, provides the easiest access to the clustering methods in the C clustering library. Cluster 3.0 is an enhanced version of the original Cluster/TreeView program, developed by Michael Eisen of Berkeley Lab. A command-line version of Cluster 3.0 is also available.
For Python users, we have developed an extension module to Python that gives access to the routines in the C clustering library.
A similar module is available for Perl.
The routines can also be called directly from other C programs (which is how we developed Cluster 3.0) by using the source code.
The C clustering library and the corresponding Python extension module were released under the Python License. The Perl module was released under the Artistic License. Cluster 3.0 is currently covered by the original Cluster/TreeView license.


QMobile Rocket Lite 5.7 inch 1GB RAM 16GB ROM Dual SIM Price in Pakistan
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Android 9 (Pie); Go edition
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QMobile has brought its new Rocket Lite smartphone that is pressed with some remarkable specs that can be normal in a very good quality smartphone. What is the trademark of the organization by bringing smartphones like QMobile Rocket Lite is to catch clients at low level. The handset will be fueled by 1.3GHz Quad-center Processor. This is a decent processor for a smartphone like this one. The RAM of the QMobile`s Rocket Lite that will help the chipset of the phone is 1 gigabyte. The inward stockpiling of the handset is 16 gigabytes. This is sufficient capacity to hold enormous records for what`s to come. The QMobile Rocket Lite`s going to help the outside microSD card that will empower the client to improve the capacity limit of the phone a lot. The OS of the smartphone will be Android 9 (GO). Rocket Lite by QMobile highlights 5 megapixels back camera and the forward looking camera of the handset will convey a similar limit of 5 megapixels. The QMobile Lite will come outfitted with a 5.7 inches show screen. The presentation will be IPS LCD in nature. The battery of the phone is likewise on the high that will furnish the client with 3000 mAh limit. The new QMobile Rocket Lite with this incredible battery can represent nearly 24 hours without interfacing with the charger. This is sufficient battery life to appreciate anything you need to see. The new QMobile Rocket Lite is pressing back mounted fingerprint perusers that will be there secure the information on the smartphone. It won`t permit any unapproved individual to gain admittance to the information on the Rocket Lite. There is a face open office too which is likewise a decent one to ensure the information on the smartphone. Samsung will consistently face such hardships from the nearby brands.


GreenCloud IaaS environments are deployed with either an Edge Gateway router or a Cisco ASAv firewall. An Edge Gateway is a virtual router embedded in vCloud, whereas a Cisco ASAv is a different virtual router which is created outside of vCloud and imported. Both types of virtual routers manage external-facing connections, as well as internally-defined subnets and networks. The practical differences as they pertain to Org VDC networks are as follows:
- Edge Gateways use the vCloud interface to directly change network interfaces and NAT/Firewall rules
- Cisco ASAv’s use direct SSH login or ASDM management to change those components
- Edge Gateways use Routed networks to directly interface with external networks
- Cisco ASAv’s use Isolated networks to connect to VLAN-backed external networks
For further information, see the Edge Gateway and Cisco ASAv index articles.
To view the Org VDC networks on a VDC, log in to vCloud, select the Administration tab, double-click on a vDC, and select the Org VDC Networks tab.
There are three types of Org VDC networks in vCloud:
- Isolated networks are for private IP subnets.
- These networks can be used to allow vApps to communicate with one another, and can be used to create IP pools on which VMs can be addressed.
- These can be used to allow internal communication to the external internet through a Cisco ASAv. For more information on Cisco ASAvs, please see the Cisco ASAv Reference Guide.
- Routed networks are connected directly to an Edge Gateway.
- They can be used to allow internal communication to the external internet.
- These should be used in place of isolated networks when an Edge Gateway is present in the vDC. For more information on Edge Gateways, please see the Edge Gateway Reference Guide.
- External network direct connections are only used to connect a private VLAN to a customer environment.
- Please do not connect directly to an external network without instruction to do so. It will not work.
- More information on Org VDC external network connections can be retrieved by contacting GreenCloud Support.
To create a new Org VDC Network, select the green plus symbol from the Org VDC Networks tab. In the dialog, select the type of network to be created.
If an Edge Gateway is present, create a routed network and select the existing Edge Gateway as shown above, then select Next. Otherwise a new isolated network can be created.
At the next page, enter the relevant network information. To allocate IPs to the Static IP Pool, enter a range in the box and select “Add”. The example below includes a subnet on 192.168.5.0/24, and allocates 192.168.5.100-192.168.5.199.
Select “Next” when the IP configuration is correct. At the following screen, enter the name of the new Org VDC network and select “Finish”. Verify that all information is correct.
At this point the Org VDC network is complete. If you reach the network quota for a vDC you will not be able to create any more networks, but there will be no error until this point in the process. The network quota can be increased by contacting GreenCloud support.
In order to reach the internet, each VM must be connected to an Org VDC network with internet access. This will be either a Routed network with access to an Edge Gateway, or an Isolated network with access to an ASAv. Right-click on a VM and select Properties, then go to the Hardware tab. Scroll down to the NICs section. See VM Management for more details.
Select the Network dropdown and click on “Add Network…” to open the dialog.
Select “Organization VDC network” at the next screen as shown:
Select the appropriate Org VDC network, and select Finish.
The VM will now have connectivity to that Org VDC network, and will have the ability to use IPs from that network. If the Org VDC network is routed to an Edge Gateway or connected to a Cisco ASAv, the VM should be able to communicate with the internet. Please note that the proper NAT and Firewall rules will need to be configured in order to allow communication.


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Your Fuego Lighter comes partially charged; however, it is recommended to fully-charge the battery before initial use. Charge the battery by inserting the smaller end of the charging cable into the battery port located on the battery and plug the USB end into any live USB port. Charging time may take anywhere from one to three hours depending on usage and port strength.
When plugged in there will be a small red light underneath the battery port. This light will turn off when the battery is plugged in and fully charged.
Screw the burner plate onto the battery base in a clockwise direction until it is hand tight.
Turn the lighter on by pressing the Fuego button located on the battery five times continuously. If done correctly the Fuego button will light up red.
5 )How do I use my Fuego Lighter?
Generally, it is a three-step process.
- Press the Fuego button five (5) times continuously in order to turn device on. The Fuego button will flash to indicate action. The Fuego button will not light up when pressed if the battery is off.
- When on, press and hold Fuego button down until the burner plate is red hot. Hold the Fuego button down throughout the entire cigar lighting process.
- GENTLY touch end of cigar to red hot burner plate and begin to puff as you would traditionally light a cigar with open flame. DO NOT push down or use excessive pressure or force on the burner plate as this could damage the burner plate. Note: Some larger cigars will naturally even out perfectly and come to a full burn as they are smoked.
WARNING! During and after this process components will be very hot! Use with caution and treat as an open flame to avoid fire or injury.
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When you’re growing a small business, you can use all the help you can get. Whether your small business is office-based or home-based, investing in a few innovative devices can make everyday life a little easier. Here are five of the latest and greatest devices for small businesses.
1. Mr. Coffee Smart Coffee Maker
Mr. Coffee takes the idea of programmable coffee makers to the next level with the smart coffee maker that you can control with an app on your phone. That’s right—you can brew coffee with the touch of a button while you’re still cozy in bed. With the mobile app, you can set a weekly schedule, adjust brew times, and even set reminders so you’re never without a fresh cup and can start your at-home workday off right.
2. Energous WattUp
WattUp from Energous is sure to be a game changer thanks to its wireless charging capabilities. And we aren’t talking the kind of wireless where it still has to be placed somewhere specific. This charging station can charge multiple devices within a 15-foot radius and even prioritize charging the devices with the lowest charge first. It’s also worth noting that WattUp doesn’t send power continuously. The transmitter only sends power when devices are within range and in need of charging.
3. Smartphone Credit Card Reader
One of the best devices a small business owner (or employee) can invest in is a smartphone credit card reader, like those available from Midwest Payment Processing. This can allow you to process payment on the go, which is indispensable for smaller businesses. It’s no bigger than a box of matches, it easily connects to your smarthphone, and you can also easily complete refunds with it.
4. Energi Charging Station
Small businesses with owners or employees who are on the road often can take advantage of the Energi charging stations that can charge as many as five devices at one time. The SmartDirect ports used in the charging station also charge faster than the standard wall chargers, so you’re ready to get up and go faster than before. This will also allow you to make sure your smart devices are charged on the road if you run into people who want to sign up or learn more about your business.
5. Wireless Glass Keyboard
Do you need a glass keyboard? Probably not. Does it look cool? Absolutely. One struggle small businesses face is looking more professional. While you might not need this gadget, it definitely has the “wow” factors your customers will appreciate when they come to your office. It’s compatible with iOS, Mac OS X, Android, and Windows devices, connects via Bluetooth, and can be charged with a USB cable.
Always remember to consider what your business needs. While all these gadgets have a lot of offer, they’ll only be of real value to the small business that will make good use of them.
I hope you enjoyed this article about some great devices that can help your company grow!
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Teddington’s National Physical Laboratory (NPL) has been declared the official birthplace of atomic timekeeping.
The European Physical Society Historic Sites award recognises places in Europe that have made an exceptional contribution to physics and was handed over at the laboratory on Friday, January 31.
he award recognises NPL as the place where the first practical atomic clock was built, a landmark that changed global timekeeping and made modern communications and location services possible.
In the 1950s Louis Essen constructed the atomic clock, Caesium Mk. 1, with fellow physicist John Parry, at NPL.
This new clock kept time more accurately than any other in existence and eventually paved the way for redefining the second in 1967, based on the fundamental properties of caesium atoms, rather than the Earth’s rotation.
Professor John Dudley, president of the European Physical Society, said: “Today NPL is justly recognised as a historic site.
“Essen’s work here, as well as that of many other leading scientists, has benefited the lives of all Europeans by providing the precision of timing required for applications such as advanced telecommunications, navigation and defence systems.”
NPL continues to provide a vital role in managing and distributing the UK’s time and carries out research in time and frequency measurement, which aims to improve timekeeping accuracy.
Dr Brian Bowsher, managing director of NPL, said: “Being recognised by the EPS is an honour and is testament to the work of our current, as well as our past scientists. Although invisible, atomic time has impacted the lives of all of us.
“What’s more, ground-breaking developments continue to be made in this field, with the a new generation of atomic clocks on the horizon that could provide everything from improved satellite navigation systems to more sensitive tests of fundamental physical theories.”


- On-board conversion of ASCII text from the computer to USTTY/ITA2 (often incorrectly referred to as Baudot-Murray) on the current loop and vice versa (for 5-bit machines)
- This can be disabled if your software passes USTTY/ITA2 encoded text to the serial interface; if disabled, the board does no translation of encoding
- Pass-through of ASCII encoding for 7/8-bit machines
- Other character encodings – encodings – customizable translation tables can be configured to enable other encodings outside of ITA2 USTTY and ASCII
- 45 and 110 baud rates have been tested the most, but other common rates (and probably all uncommon rates for that matter) used in teletypery should work without problems
- 20ma and 60ma current loops supported (current levels both lower and higher are safe depending on the exact optoisolators used, though it would be unusual to see other currents in use)
- All typical loop voltages supported-- in theory voltages as low as ~5VDC or as high as ~200VDC are possible depending on the optoisolator used in your particular iteration of the board
- Will this board work with model X teleprinter? If it uses a current loop, then most likely. Pretty much any ITA2 or ASCII, 45+ baud, 20ma or 60ma current loop machine should work with this board. Even if you have an unusual type of loop, baud rate, or 5-bit encoding, chances are the board can still be made to work with your oddball machine.
- Will this board work with X computer or X operating system? Almost certainly-- it shows up as a simple serial interface as far as the computer's concerned, so almost anything remotely modern should be able to drive it. It has been most extensively tested on a few flavors of Linux, MacOS, and Windows, however. The computer must also support USB, of course.
- Does this board demodulate RTTY? No, this board is not a TU. However, it could be used in tandem with demod software such as fldigi to act like a poor man's TU, as has been done with ttyBash. The designer of this board has also designed an RTTY demod board. I have considered doing a run of these boards one day, too.
- Does this board require an external loop power supply? Yes. This board does not provide any power to the loop.
- Does the polarity of the loop matter? Nope. There is a bridge rectifier added to the RX_LOOP circuit, which allows for the loop to be wired in either polarity.
- Does this support full duplex or half-duplex? Yes. <This should probably move to be its own section down below>
- The most common mode is probably half-duplex, meaning you have a single current loop to which your teletype keyboard and printer are wired in series (or just the printer if it's an RO unit). This is achieved by bridging the TX and RX terminals with a bit of hookup wire between the center terminals <image to come to better illustrate this>. Then the single loop must be wired to the outermost terminals.
- Full duplex involves two electrically isolated current loops-- one for your keyboard (RX TX on the board), and one for your printer (TX RX on the board). Full-duplex can be achieved by removing the jumper between the TX and RX terminals and simply wiring the two loops to the two pairs of terminals <image to come to better illustrate this>.
- Are there any recommended loop power supplies? There is a great selection of tried and true supplies outlined here <link to be added later>.
- Must I use a fuse on the current loop circuit? Technically no-- it's not very likely you'll ever need it (assuming you correctly current-limit your circuit when you first build it) since if a dangerous over-current occurs on the loop, the current limiting resistor you put into series will almost certainly fail open, protecting the board and the teletype's selector magnets. However, I prefer to be extra safe and fuse my loops to protect my boards and magnets from the unlikely event of an overcurrent that causes the resistor to fail closed or the resistor only fails after the board and/or magnets are fried. I also prefer to fuse to protect from the more likely event that I do something stupid.
One of the great things about this board is that all of its components have through-hole counterparts, so a somewhat solder-savvy person can procure parts and assemble boards by hand. Those with the skills and equipment for SMT can, of course, stick with the SMD components, or a run could be manufactured at any reputable fab house.
Schematics, BOM, &c.
more to comeAvailable for the version of the board I made in 2019 here. Note that since that time it is likely some components may have been phased out, but this is common. In the past a newer, better compatible component has always been made available in lieu of the old one.
Tips for Assembling Through-Hole


If you research, who is the father of internet, you will get Bruce Sterling as the Google result. That is because he is the father of the internet. He initiated the internet in the 60s by his two science fiction stories.
Vinton Cerf is considered to be the father of Internet.
As I think about how the Internet has changed my life, I’m constantly amazed at how much it has done for me. I can keep in touch with friends I haven’t seen in years, share pictures and videos of my life with those who care about what’s going on, and of course, I can learn whatever I want whenever I want. The bottom line is that so much good has come from the Internet and the future will only bring more great things of this sort. My hat’s off to Vinton Cerf (father of internet) and his contributions to the world of technology.
He studied at Stanford University where he received his Ph.D in computer science in 1972.
Vint Cerf (father of internet) was instrumental in the development of the Internet, being one of the creators of core IP technology along with Bob Kahn and responsible for laying out the blueprint for protocols used by today’s Internet. As early as 1972, Vint Cerf focused on the concept of a “live” network – a network that is always available. While still at Stanford in 1973, Cerf and Kahn published a paper titled: A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication. This paper is considered to be the birth of the protocols and architecture of the Internet.
In the 1970s, Cerf was a program manager for National Science Foundation’s Internetting Program.
As a practicing engineer and an Internet architect, [Vinton Cerf] helped build a global infrastructure that is not only useful but also keeps getting better every day. Cerf’s work and the work of his colleagues have had an impact far beyond their wildest imagination.
While working with Robert Khan at DARPA, Cerf helped develop the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP).
Vinton Cerf is a legend in the computing world. He’s considered the “Father of Internet.” Through his work with Robert Kahn developing TCP/IP, Cerf laid the foundation for today’s massive interconnected digital world. He and Kahn were inducted into the Internet Society’s Internet Hall of Fame back in 2005, and Cerf has devoted much of his later life to educating others about computers and computer science. We’ll miss hearing Cerf’s stories at ICANN meetings—he was always our favorite attendee.
These two protocols became known as TCP/IP and formed the basis of all Internet communications today.
Arguably, no one else has done quite as much to shape the Internet as Dr. Vinton Cerf (father of internet). He was instrumental in helping to develop ARPANET, the US government’s first packet-switched network, and he also worked closely with Robert Kahn on the development of TCP/IP. Without these protocols, we might still be using the telegraph today. Furthermore, his ongoing research continues to push the limits of technologies like artificial intelligence and quantum computing.
Vint Cerf is the co-inventor of the TCP/IP protocol, which goes without saying is the backbone of the Internet. Cerf has dedicated his life to shaping this industry and making it what it is today. The technology and computers we use today can be credited to a lot of people, but being one of the creators of the Internet makes Vint Cerf stand out among his peers.
Vinton Cerf is considered to be the father of Internet because he helped develop its basis.
Vinton Cerf (father of internet) will always be remembered as the man who made possible the global communications network that we know as the Internet. The way we connect, share and collaborate has been forever transformed by Vinton Cerf’s contributions. Although he may not be the richest person in the world, there is no denying that he has left an indelible mark on our world.
Whether you’re an internet expert or novice, Vinton Cerf can provide useful insight into the internet, where it is today, and where it’s supposed to go in the future. Whatever your level of interest in computers or the internet, you can learn something from Vinton Cerf. He has vast experience with computer technology and a lifetime of stories to share about this fascinating field of study.
Though many of the technical foundations for the Internet were created by the U.S. Department of Defense (e.g., TCP/IP), it is generally accepted that Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn were the fathers of Internet business because their work on Internet technology continued through the growth period of 1988 to 1990, when commercial services and applications began to flourish.


In the vastness of the universe, the exploration of exoplanets has emerged as a frontier that captivates the imagination of scientists, astronomers, and the general public alike. Exoplanets, or extrasolar planets, are celestial bodies that orbit stars outside our solar system. The discovery of these distant worlds has opened new possibilities for understanding the diversity of planetary systems and, perhaps, the potential for extraterrestrial life. This expansive field of study combines astronomy, astrophysics, and astrobiology to unravel the mysteries of exoplanets and explore the conditions that might support life beyond Earth.
The Quest for Exoplanets
The search for exoplanets gained momentum in the last few decades, fueled by advancements in observational technology and innovative detection methods. Traditionally, astronomers relied on the radial velocity or Doppler method to detect exoplanets by measuring the gravitational wobbles induced on a star by an orbiting planet. The transit method, which observes the periodic dimming of a star as a planet passes in front of it, is another widely used technique. Additionally, direct imaging and gravitational microlensing have become valuable tools in identifying and studying exoplanets.
As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, thousands of exoplanets have been confirmed, and the number continues to grow with ongoing discoveries. The diversity of these newfound worlds is astounding, ranging from gas giants larger than Jupiter to rocky planets similar in size to Earth. The variety in their compositions, orbits, and host stars has expanded our understanding of planetary formation and evolution.
Habitable Zones and the Search for Life
One of the central themes in the study of exoplanets is the concept of the habitable zone, often referred to as the “Goldilocks zone.” This region around a star is characterized by conditions that could potentially support liquid water—a key ingredient for life as we know it. The habitable zone is not too close to the star, where water would evaporate, nor too far, where it would freeze. Identifying exoplanets within the habitable zone has become a priority in the search for extraterrestrial life.
The Kepler Space Telescope, launched by NASA in 2009, played a pivotal role in discovering thousands of exoplanets, including many in their star’s habitable zone. Kepler’s observations have led to the identification of exoplanets with Earth-like characteristics, such as Kepler-186f, which is similar in size to Earth and orbits within the habitable zone of its star. While the detection of planets in the habitable zone does not guarantee the presence of life, it raises intriguing possibilities.
Challenges in the Search for Extraterrestrial Life
Despite the exciting discoveries, the search for extraterrestrial life faces significant challenges. The vast distances to exoplanets make detailed observations and direct exploration extremely difficult with current technology. Most detections rely on indirect methods that provide limited information about a planet’s atmosphere, composition, or potential biosignatures.
Furthermore, the conditions for life as we understand it may differ from those on Earth. While water is a crucial component for life on our planet, other forms of life might thrive in environments with different chemical compositions or under extreme conditions. This broadens the scope of potential habitats within our galaxy and the universe.
Biosignatures and Atmospheric Analysis
To assess the habitability of exoplanets and search for signs of life, scientists analyze their atmospheres for biosignatures—indicators that could suggest the presence of living organisms. These biosignatures include gases such as oxygen, methane, and ozone. The upcoming generation of space telescopes, such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), aims to scrutinize the atmospheres of exoplanets with unprecedented detail. The JWST’s advanced capabilities may allow scientists to detect specific molecules that could be associated with biological activity.
Exoplanets in the Galactic Context
The Milky Way galaxy alone is home to billions of stars, each potentially hosting a multitude of planets. The sheer scale of the galaxy, with its diverse array of star systems, raises the tantalizing prospect that Earth is not the only abode of life. The field of astrobiology strives to understand the conditions necessary for life to arise and persist, taking into account the many variables that influence planetary habitability.
In the quest for extraterrestrial life, researchers consider the potential for extremophiles—microorganisms on Earth that thrive in extreme conditions—to serve as analogs for life in unconventional environments. This broadens the scope of habitable zones beyond the conventional understanding, encompassing worlds that may deviate significantly from Earth’s conditions.
SETI and the Search for Intelligent Life
The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) represents another facet of the quest for extraterrestrial life. SETI involves monitoring electromagnetic signals, such as radio waves, for potential artificial transmissions from advanced civilizations. While no conclusive evidence has been found to date, ongoing efforts continue to scan the skies for signals that could indicate the presence of intelligent extraterrestrial beings.
Ethical Considerations and Planetary Protection
As humanity ventures into the exploration of exoplanets, ethical considerations come to the forefront. The potential for discovering microbial life, even if not intelligent, raises questions about our responsibility to avoid contamination. Planetary protection protocols are in place to prevent the inadvertent transfer of Earth’s microorganisms to other celestial bodies and vice versa. This ensures that our exploration efforts do not compromise the integrity of environments that could harbor extraterrestrial life.
The Future of Exoplanetary Exploration
The field of exoplanetary exploration is dynamic and continually evolving. Future missions and observatories, including the James Webb Space Telescope and the upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, are poised to revolutionize our understanding of exoplanets. These advanced instruments will provide insights into the atmospheres, compositions, and potential habitability of distant worlds.
As technology advances, the prospect of sending robotic probes or even crewed missions to study exoplanets directly becomes more feasible. The concept of interstellar travel, although currently in the realm of speculative exploration, fuels discussions about the possibility of sending spacecraft to neighboring star systems in search of habitable exoplanets.
The exploration of exoplanets represents a monumental shift in our understanding of the cosmos and our place within it. The discovery of diverse worlds orbiting distant stars has ignited a sense of wonder and curiosity about the potential for life beyond Earth. While the search for extraterrestrial life remains an ongoing scientific endeavor with many challenges, each discovery brings us closer to unraveling the mysteries of the universe and our cosmic companions.
As we gaze into the night sky and ponder the vastness of the cosmos, the exploration of exoplanets beckons us to consider the possibilities that await us in the uncharted territories of our galaxy and beyond. The quest for understanding our place in the universe and the potential for life on other worlds is a journey that continues to inspire scientists, researchers, and dreamers alike.


Capacitor vs. Transistor: Difference and Comparison
A capacitor stores electrical energy temporarily, while a transistor regulates current or amplifies signals in electronic devices.
Difference Between Capacitor and Transistor
A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores electrical energy temporarily in an electric field. Transistors, on the other hand, are semiconductor devices used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.
The capacitor essentially consists of two conducting plates separated by a non-conducting dielectric medium. When voltage is applied across the plates, an electric field is created, storing energy. Transistors, however, operate based on the principles of semiconductor physics. They have three terminals: base, collector, and emitter. The flow of current between the collector and emitter is controlled by the current flowing into the base.
Functionality-wise, capacitors are crucial in smoothing out fluctuations in voltage, timing applications, and filtering in electronic circuits. Transistors are fundamental in digital logic gates, amplifying signals, and are the building blocks of most modern electronic devices.
The applications of capacitors and transistors are vast and varied. While you can find capacitors in power supplies, radio tuning circuits, and timing circuits, transistors are predominantly found in integrated circuits, amplifiers, and switching devices.
Both capacitors and transistors are integral to modern electronics. However, while a capacitor is more about energy storage and release, a transistor focuses on signal regulation and amplification.
Capacitor vs. Transistor Comparison Chart
Stores electrical energy temporarily
Amplifies or switches electronic signals
Two conducting plates with dielectric medium
Semiconductor material with three terminals
Timing, filtering, voltage smoothing
Signal amplification, digital logic gates
Two (Anode and Cathode)
Three (Base, Collector, Emitter)
Capacitor vs. Transistor Definitions
A device that stores electrical energy in an electric field.
The power supply unit uses a capacitor to smooth out the voltage.
A fundamental building block in modern electronic devices.
As transistors became smaller, electronic devices became more powerful and compact.
An electronic component with two terminals used to store energy electrostatically.
The radio's tuning relies on the capacitor to adjust the frequency.
A semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals.
The transistor radio revolutionized portable entertainment.
A passive component that can store and release energy as needed in a circuit.
He replaced the faulty capacitor to fix the flickering light.
An electronic valve controlling the flow of current between two terminals based on the input to the third.
Modern computers have billions of transistors on their microchips.
A component that can resist changes in voltage by storing and discharging energy.
The capacitor in the flash circuit charges quickly to power the camera's flash.
A small electronic device containing a semiconductor and having at least three electrical contacts, used in a circuit as an amplifier, detector, or switch.
An instrument that can differentiate between high-frequency and low-frequency signals in circuits.
The capacitor ensures that only the desired frequencies pass through in the audio circuit.
Any of various devices serving the same purpose but employing a different technology
an optical transistor.
An electric circuit element typically consisting of two metallic plates separated and insulated from each other by a dielectric, used to store charge temporarily or to filter signal frequencies. Also called condenser.
A transistor radio.
(electronics) An electronic component capable of storing electrical energy in an electric field; especially one consisting of two conductors separated by a dielectric.
(semiconductors) A solid-state semiconductor device, with three terminals, which can be used for amplification, switching, voltage stabilization, signal modulation, and many other functions.
a device used in electronic circuits to hold electrical charge, consisting of two conducting plates separated by a nonconducting (dielectric) medium; it is characterized by its capacitance.
A transistor radio.
an electrical device characterized by its capacity to store an electric charge
a component used in electronic devices consisting of three regions of at least two types of a semiconducting material, such as doped silicon, connected to each other and to three electrodes in a conducting path so as to modify the current or voltage in an electronic circuit.
a semiconductor device capable of amplification
A device that can act as an electronic switch or amplifier.
The transistor in the circuit amplified the weak signal from the microphone.
A semiconductor component integral to integrated circuits in most electronics.
He learned about the role of transistors in digital logic gates in his electronics class.
Capacitor vs. Transistor Frequently Asked Questions
Why are capacitors essential in power supplies?
They smooth out voltage fluctuations.
Can capacitors amplify signals like transistors?
No, capacitors do not amplify signals.
What is the significance of the dielectric in a capacitor?
It separates the two conducting plates and prevents a direct flow of current.
In what electronic component are transistors most commonly found?
Which terminal of a transistor controls the flow between the other two?
The base terminal.
How does a transistor function?
It regulates current or amplifies signals.
Which component is considered passive, and which is active?
Capacitors are passive, while transistors are active.
Are capacitors and transistors used in analog or digital circuits?
Both can be used in analog and digital circuits.
What is a capacitor's primary role?
It stores electrical energy temporarily.
Do both capacitors and transistors have two terminals?
No, capacitors have two, but transistors have three.
Written byMuneeza Rehman
At Comparisons.wiki, Muneeza skillfully navigates the vast sea of information, ensuring clarity and accuracy as the lead content editor. With a keen eye for detail, she curates every comparison to enlighten and engage readers.
Edited byMuazma Batool
As a content editor, Muazma Batool is not just a grammar guru but a creative mastermind who breathes life into every word. With an eagle eye for detail and a passion for storytelling, she transforms bland text into engaging content that captivates audiences and drives results.


Wireless nurse call system works on advanced radio frequency technology. This helps to connect nurse call button to the nurse station without wireless. Since there is no wiring involved, therefore, there is no need of installation. And moreover, there is no future maintenance. However, there is no limitation to the signal range as well, with the introduction of boosters. Hence, boosters can forward signals to any possible distance within the building.
FORBIX Osaühing wireless alarms and security systems span from few 100m to over 2-3Kms. However the alarm device triggers with the help of remote controller from a distance. Moreover, the wireless alarm extensively used in commercial and residential buildings. Long range alarms rather deployed at army patrolling areas and border security force. Because of its dynamic design the wireless alarm system are expandable and scalable. Hence, plenty of ready to use customized configuration available. Moreover, PLC triggered and automatic wireless alarms also integratable.
Air quality monitors has now become a necessity of modern world. FORBIX Osaühing air quality monitors measures the presence of impurities in the ambient air. Because, the air we breathe contains dust (particulate matter), carbon dioxide (CO2), and even VOCs. These poses potential health hazard for people especially indoors. Therefore, with the air quality figures, users can now take corrective action. However, FORBIX Osaühing air quality monitor follows standard laid by OSHA, NAAQS and EPA.
Remote control traffic light
Wireless remote control traffic light system is an innovative method to maneuver traffic. By a wireless RF remote controller, traffic lights can now turns RED/GREEN. However, the remote control is either handheld or mounted on the pole. Changing the lights is automatic for the next 10-15 seconds. Hence, this allows pedestrians to cross the roads safely. Moreover, it is possible to connect the pedestrian signaling system to sensors. Further, these possibly can be vehicle or human detection sensors.
FORBIX Osaühing is electronic product design company. Factory produces various wireless automation solutions and wireless call system. This includes wireless nurse call systems, wireless alarms and restaurant waiter call bells. We fabricate a variety of transmitter and receiver that supports signals from 100 to even 2-3 kms. Apart from these company also produces indoor air quality monitors.
FORBIX Osaühing located in Tallinn Estonia, and is an allied partner of FORBIX SEMICON India Pvt Ltd.
Phone number (Estonia)
+372 880 1510
By now, over 10,000+ customers all over the world are benefiting from FORBIX Osaühing products. The primary products are wireless nurse call system and wireless alarms. These wireless solutions are in extensive demand. This is because of its simplicity and no installation principle. However, the communication range is never a problem with the introduction of repeater boosters.
Since most of our designs are scalable, this is an advantage to customer deployments. Wireless nurse call systems can expand from a few numbers to even as much as for the 6000+ sets. And moreover, without altering the existing system. Because of this, FORBIX Osaühing wireless solutions are serving market at a rapid pace.


The service allows users connected to the public intenet to gain secure, authenticated access to N3.
The laptop/PC runs a point and click application that sets up an encrypted virtual private network (VPN) tunnel from the PC to the NHS network (N3).
Before the tunnel is created the user is challenged to input a PIN number plus a code from a SecureID token. If the user is satisfactorily authenticated a VPN tunnel is created between the users computer and the VPN Concentrator within N3.
Once the VPN tunnel is created the user has access to N3. From N3 they can access the services within their own organisation that they are set up to use. eg your desktop computer.


Samsung Recruitment 2021. Next year, Samsung, a South Korean electronics company, plans to employ 1,000 engineers in India. This is a fantastic opportunity for engineers looking for work. Samsung will hire 1,000 people in the fields of electronics, electrical engineering, data management, and software development. This recruiting will be announced by Samsung in the near future.Samsung Recruitment 2021.
Samsung Company Bharti 2021 – South Korean electronics maker Samsung is set to hire 1,000 engineers in India next year. This is a golden opportunity for job seekers for the post of engineer. All these engineering candidates will be recruited from IITs and other major engineering institutes. Such information was released by the company. Next year, Samsung will select candidates for the 1,000 positions in the fields of electronics, electrical, data management and software. Samsung will soon release information regarding this recruitment.
Young graduate engineers will be engaged in advanced fields such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, the Internet of Things, and cloud data analysis in 2022, according to a statement released by Samsung on Wednesday. Samsung will hire 260 young engineers from Delhi, Kanpur, Mumbai, Madras, Guwahati, Kharagpur, BHU, Roorkee, and other new IIT campuses for this project (Bangalore, Noida and Delhi). To encourage these applicants, good pay would be provided.
The remaining engineers will be recruited from BITS Pilani, IIIT (Indian Institute of Information Technology), and NIT (National Institute of Technology) (National Institute of Technology). Samsung India’s research and development (R&D) sector has risen dramatically in recent years, according to Sameer Wadhawan, Senior Vice President and Head (Human Resources). We intend to engage about 1000 engineers for this project.”


Joris Van Staay
+32 475 87 07 36
- Analyze requirements and design technical embedded Linux solutions.
- Work closely with the hardware development team and the embedded software team to specify, develop, debug and validate embedded Linux based systems.
- Configure, develop and maintain our embedded Linux build system, the kernel and bootloaders.
- Develop user space applications as part of our embedded Linux platform.
- Use modern software engineering practices: version control, CI/CD, multiple environments and automated testing and deployment.
- Develop and maintain automated test applications.
- Setup and maintain manufacturing software and test software.
- Offer occasional assistance to colleagues.
- Passionate about technology and software.
- Bachelor or Master Degree in Electronics, ICT, computer sciences, or equal.
- 3+ years of experience in developing, porting, compiling and debugging kernel and device drivers for embedded Linux.
- Experience with Buildroot.
- Experience with U-Boot.
- Experience in Bash scripting.
- Experience in C programming.
- Good knowledge of TCP/IP.
- Understanding of hardware design and ability to read electronic schematics and data sheets.
- English knowledge, written and spoken.
Additional skills and experience
- Experience in IoT/Smart Building domains .
- Experience with Yocto.
- Experience in C++ programming.
- Experience in Python programming.
- Knowledge of wireless communication technologies (Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, NFC).
- Knowledge of test and diagnostic equipment like spectrum analyzers, oscilloscopes, etc.
- Dutch knowledge, written and spoken.
- Security knowledge
- Excellent communication skills.
- Strong analytical and problem-solving skills.
- Ability to work both in a collaborative environment, as well as independently.


Solar Pumping System (Agricuture And Irrigation System)
All kinds of AC pumps can be used in the solar pumping system. The application of solar pump is wide, such as farm irrigation, water supply of house and livestock, and desertification. The solar pumping system is easy for maintenance.
The solar pumping system mainly consists of PV modules, solar pumping controllers and pumps.
Principle of Operation
The PV modules supply electricity to inverter. The controller converts DC into AC to drive pump according to the intensity of sunshine.
- Auto-operation, labor free Modular design, easy to maintain International advanced components, safe and reliable
- Full protection against over current, over voltage, overheating and surging.
- Low noise level, low maintenance and long life cycle.


Chuwi Hi8 is a weird tablet. After ASUS’ failure to actually launch a dual-boot tablet/laptop hybrid at CES 2014, we assumed the idea had been crushed in its infancy.
Microsoft and Google didn’t seem to like the idea of their two OS-es co-existing on a single device, but while their interdiction applied to the Western world, it did not seem to impact device manufacturers in China.
So low-cost Chinese tablet manufacturer Chuwi has defied all odds and managed to unveil the Hi8 tablet, which comes equipped with both Windows 8.1 and Android 4.4 KitKat out of the box.
The tablet already received the Android 5.0 Lollipop update and now the folks at Gizmo China report that an OTA update upgrading the system to Windows 10 has also been issued. Which is pretty odd given the fact that the mobile OS hasn’t been officially announced by Microsoft yet. However, the images seem to indicate a different story.
Chuwi Hi8 tablet specs
The device takes advantage of an 8-inch IPS capacitive touchscreen display with 1920 x 1200 pixel resolution and is powered by an Intel Bay Trail Z3736F processor clocked at 2.16GHz (a quad-core one), fitted with 2GB of RAM and 32GB of internal storage.
The tablet also sports a two camera arrangement, with the main 2MP unit sitting on the back, while the 0.3MP one lives up in front.
The report claims both OS-es run pretty smoothly on the platform, so in theory users shouldn’t be experiencing any major lags or anything like that.
However, there’s also a negative side to the whole story. Chuwi says the device can only offer 3 hours of screen on time, which is pretty low for a tablet. As for normal use, you should expect to see the device last up to 6 hours before it gives up on life. Which is still below what other models on the market can do now. The Lenovo Yoga bunch can run up to 15 hours on a single charge, for instance.
Anyway, the Chuwi Hi8 is available for purchase for only $93 / €83 a pop from places like Geek Buying.


Servomex DF-550E NANOTRACE
Servomex – Measuring Ultra Trace Oxygen
The DF-550E is designed to deliver ultra-trace measurements of O2 as a contaminant in ultra-high purity electronic gases. With the highly sensitive 200 ppt LDL delivering superior analytical headroom, the DF-550E’s fast response provides sensitive and dependable process monitoring.
- Ultra-trace Coulometric sensing is ideal for upset prone applications and compensates for sample and flow rate fluctuations
- Monitors multiple background gases with a single unit
- Low detection limit capabilities: 200ppt Lower Detection Level (LDL)
- Flexible configuration options: initiation via front panel/digital interconnect
0-10V, 0-1V, 0-2V, 0-5V, Coulometric, Releer


GenoMar has developed a system for traceability/verification of origin using DNA markers. This is particularly important for products dedicated to the European market. From January 2005 traceability became compulsory in the EU and rules for verification of origin are being established. GenoMar’s technology, GenopassTM, is one of the few technologies that allow verification of origin of the product today.
GenoMar is also using the same technology for salmon production. Currently the technology is used to provide accurate breeding information to Marine Harvest (world largest salmon producer) and to establish GenopassTM for verification of their brand.
GenoMar has set up the subsidiary company Genopass Pte Ltd in Singapore to develop and market this technology under the name Genopass.
Visit www.genopass.com to learn more!


Shane Sexton is a cybersecurity-focused instructor with a hunger for using technology to combat real-world challenges. He holds many professional IT certifications such as Citrix CCA, CompTIA A+, CompTIA Security+, CompTIA Linux+, CompTIA CySA+, ITIL Foundations, Cisco CCNA, AWS SysOps, and Cisco CCNP Security. Shane's extensive professional expertise includes Citrix Virtualization, Citrix Virtualization, Computer Hardware support, Cisco networking, Cybersecurity Blue Team, Cybersecurity Red Team, Cisco security, Amazon AWS, and ITIL. Inside the classroom, Shane makes the complicated seem approachable. Outside the classroom, Shane is a mad scientist with automation, coding, and scripting, tying them back to technologies he teaches in class. If he isn't watching the latest SpaceX launch, he can usually be found tinkering with something.


The Proven, Low Cost Method of
Converting Coax Networks to Fiber Optics
Deep Fiber Solutions converts cable operator coaxial cables to fiber optic infrastructure, which allows the operator to deploy fiber deeper in the network. Discover the top Canadian gambling sites in 2023. This deployment is at substantially lower cost than traditional boring and trenching and is completed in a fraction of the time. When fiber is pushed deep into the network the result is dramatically lower power and maintenance costs. We offer a compelling turnkey solution beginning with span qualification and ending with fiber splicing and activation of service over your new fiber optic network.
The Deep Fiber Solutions Value Proposition
Contrasted with conventional boring or trenching construction techniques, coax core ejection is lower cost, results in faster deployment and avoids the complications associated with heavy construction techniques.


CV BRAKING control systems specialist WABCO is the subject of a ‘definitive agreement’ to be acquired by German engineering giant ZF in a $7 billion deal. The combined sales of both companies is approx. €40 billion.
The planned acquisition is part of ZF’s Next Generation Mobility strategy and will expand the company’s expertise to include commercial vehicle braking solutions for the first time. This plays a central role for the control of automated driving functions, including emergency braking manoeuvres of trucks and trailers.
ZF (Zeppelin Foundation) expects that automated driving functions will primarily be implemented for commercial vehicles and in areas with low complexity and traffic (eg. factory sites, airports, agriculture).
The combination of both businesses is expected to further accelerate the development of new technologies to enable autonomous commercial vehicle functions, making ZF less dependent on the economic cycle of the passenger car industry.
The planned strategic acquisition of WABCO (Westinghouse Air Brake Company) is consistent with ZF’s goal to develop and deliver technology solutions that make cars and commercial vehicles see, think and act in order to reduce emissions and increase road safety.
While ZF already has sensor systems and computing technology for its ‘see’ and ‘think’ competence, together with WABCO, ZF will in future be completing the portfolio for commercial vehicle technologies to offer solutions to allow vehicles to ‘act’. ZF is already a leading supplier in the area of steering and driveline technology.


Flip-Dot Boards XY5 – Make your installation look differently
Flip-Dot Boards XY5 are made of XY5 strips which has been designed to build larger displays. The boards are equipped with XY5 boards controllers. Fixing points allows to construct arrays. Lack of margins ensures continues display area.
- construction frame,
- RS485 data source (can be a PC with RS485 output, Arduino, etc.),
- power supply (24V).
Typical applications include
- graphical artistic installations
- interactive installations
- information signs and displays
- message boards
We are offering various sizes in order to fit your requirements, always in two disk diameter: 13.5mm (0.53") or 8.9mm (0.35").
- available dots sizes: 8.9mm (0.35"), 13.5mm (0.53")
- available dots colors: white, yellow, green, orange, red and mirror (all other colors upon request)
- available resolutions: 28 × 14, 28 × 7, 7 × 7, 7 × 1
- supply voltage: 24V DC
- control interface: RS485
- protocol: proprietary - available upon request
See also: custom made Flip-Dot Wall.
ORBITAL – circular flip dot display and kinetic sculpture at VW Autostadt – 180.000 pixels
Huge rings made from aluminum flipdots is a new welcome sign in WV Autostad. Beautiful design realized by joint efforts of Polyphon and Christopher Bauder from WhiteVOID. Custmized displays delilvered proudly by Alfa-Zeta / Flipdots.com.
GALAXY Split Scan installation
Samsung Electronics Japan opened a pop-up Galaxy Studio at Roppongi Hills, Tokyo in December 2012. “Split Scan” installed in the exhibition section expresses the innovative new technology and functionality of Galaxy, Samsung's series of mobile computing devices produced.
A 4.3 meter wide wall consists of a flip-dots display and an original program using a range image sensor. When you stand in front of the wall, it scans your movement and shows it in real-time on the display.
Flip-Dot Wall for Media Ambition Tokyo
Flip-dot display featuring digital zapping system. Exhibited at Media Ambition Tokyo, held from Friday 15th until Sunday 17th February 2013 at Roppongi Hills.
Reactive super-speed 30fps electromagnet dot display for TNT's “Perception”
For more details please visit http://breakfastny.com


As the price of solar panels has come down tremendously over the past few years, more and more homeowners are taking the plunge and purchasing home solar power systems. These systems give homeowners the chance to reduce their energy bills tremendously, an advantage that is becoming ever more important as PG&E and other companies raise electricity rates and introduce time-of-use pricing.
Yet, many homeowners interested in solar power don’t recognize that investing in a solar power system doesn’t allow them to cut the cord from their local energy company.
Solar power systems typically have to be connected to your local energy grid—you don’t actually go ‘off-the-grid.’
Many homeowners have the idea that once they flip the switch on their new solar system, they’ll never see another bill from PG&E or SMUD again. But the reality is that in order to really get the most savings out of your solar power system, you need to be connected to your local power grid. And that’s because of an easily overlooked issue—how do you store the electricity created by your panels?
While the tech behind solar panels is complicated, their practical operation is pretty simple. When the sun is shining, they make electricity. When the sun isn’t, they don’t make electricity. If you happen to be home while the panels are making electricity, then that energy is used to power your lighting, TV, refrigerator, and other gizmos that are powered on. But what if you’re not home, or you’re making more electricity than you’re actually using? Well, if you aren’t using electricity, then the energy generated by the panels doesn’t go anywhere, much like an unconnected battery’s electricity doesn’t go anywhere. That potential electricity is just lost.
And there’s a second important question to ask: if you’re using electricity at night when your solar panels can’t generate electricity, where do you get it from? Well, you don’t want to have to wait until daylight to run your electrical devices, obviously.
Connecting your home solar system to the grid is a great way of using electricity you don’t need, while getting electricity when you need it.
When you make electricity that you don’t use, it’s sent into the grid where other people can use it. And when you need electricity but can’t make it, or enough of it—at night or on a cloudy day—then you can use the power grid.
Obviously, you don’t want to just give the power company your electricity during the day. They certainly won’t give you their electricity at night!
That’s why an arrangement known as net energy metering has been implemented via legislation in many states, including California. Under the net energy metering program, when you provide electricity to your local utility’s grid, they give you a credit for each unit of electricity. Then, when you consume electricity from the grid, the credits you earned are used to pay for that electricity.
However, this isn’t a truly efficient arrangement. Just as you wouldn’t have a place to put electricity you didn’t use if you weren’t connected to the grid, your energy company doesn’t have somewhere to put its excess electricity. The problem is energy companies have access to all sorts of electricity during the day when solar systems are pumping out electricity and homeowners aren’t around to use it, but at night when energy consumption is at its maximum, there’s no extra solar power for energy companies to draw upon. Basically, they have the most extra electricity when they need it the least.
Home battery systems may soon allow you to sell back more electricity to the grid, or even live off the grid entirely!
If you have ever owned a Prius or other hybrid vehicle, then you know that your car has a battery pack that stores the electricity created by the car’s generator, which is then used to supply some or all of the power needed by the car at other times.
Tesla, the electric vehicle manufacturer, as well as many other tech companies around the world, are working on scaling up those battery systems so that they can be used to store enough electricity to power entire homes. Tesla has pushed the energy forward with its Tesla Powerwall and Powerpack lines of home energy storage battery systems.
While these battery systems are prohibitively expensive for most homeowners at the moment, battery manufacturing costs are dropping quickly, and soon it will be realistic for everyone to have their own home battery system to complement their solar system. For energy providers, this will be a big benefit, as battery-driven homes won’t need to draw power at night, or may even be able to sell off some their excess stored power at peak consumption times. There may soon be a time where power companies pay a premium for solar energy that is stored and then sold off at night, allowing homeowners to more quickly recoup their investments.
An added benefit is that homes in areas that tend to lose power frequently will be able to keep the lights on while power grids are down. In fact, Tesla and German battery company Sonnen have been deploying solar panels and batteries to hospitals in Puerto Rico that have been without power since Hurricane Maria hit in September. Residents of Florida who went without power for days after Hurricane Irma hit in September have also been expressing more interest in battery systems.
Solar power systems equipped with batteries will also allow homeowners to finally achieve the dream of cutting ties with their local utility, and living entirely on the free electricity generated by their solar systems and stored in their home batteries.
If you have any questions about how a new solar system or home battery storage system can help you save money, call Gilmore a call at 888-868-2316, or send us a message using our appointment request form. With Gilmore, you can be assured of receiving the Red Carpet Care that our customers have enjoyed for nearly 40 years!


ACES 7909 A
Basic Electrical Theory for Temporary Electrical Installations for Events
This course is intended to ensure that candidates have at least a basic knowledge of electrical principles relating to temporary electrical systems.
Upon completion, candidates should progress to the ACES 7909-B course, for the Requirements of BS7909:2011.
Part 1: Principles of electric circuits, voltage, current and resistance.
Part 2: Principles of electric circuits, power and sizing cables and protection.
Part 3: Principles of earthing systems.
Part 4: Protection against electric shock
Part 5: Installation of appropriate equipment
Part 6: Assessment
The test specification for this qualification:
Multiple-choice paper, 30 questions: Requirements of BS 7909, 75 minutes.
This is an “open book” exam, so candidates can refer to the course notes during the exam
Course title: AC 7909-A, Basic Electrical Theory for Temporary Electrical Installations
Certificate: Award in the Basic Electrical Knowledge Requirements for Temporary Electrical Systems
Duration: 1 day
Class times: 09.00-17:00
Course fee: £ 160 inclusive (includes registration and exam fee)
This course is primarily aimed at those working on temporary electrical installations in their many forms it covers the basic electrical knowledge that would be expected as a minimum requirement for those involved with temporary electrical systems.
There are no formal entry requirements for candidates undertaking this course.


Properties of matter
United Confederation of Interstellar Planets Science Academy Guide
Stardate 239802.26 Ver1.0
Author: Lieutenant Commander Ma'bor Jetrel
Stardate 239808.03 Ver2.0
Updated and compiled by Ensign Ryukanden Suwada
Stardate 239907.14 Ver3.0
Updated by Henrich VonKraus
Stardate 241309.22, LCARS Version
Formatted by: Arcos
During the late 20th century, evidence indicated that the Milky Way Galaxy mass was considerably more than could be accounted for by observed luminous or interstellar matter.
Dark matter is so-called because it does not actually emit radiation.
It is known as dark matter because it is matter which cannot be detected by simply looking at it.
To detect it, one must use some sophisticated techniques.
However, dark matter is just like any other matter, except that it doesn't radiate.
Dark matter is also called "missing mass."
This is because it is believed that dark matter may be the "missing" mass required to eventually stop our universe from expanding and cause it to contract again to go through another "Big Bang".
An early form of matter. It is made up of one Proton and one electron.
Very rare and valuable. Mainly found in nebulas.
Degenerate matter exists under temperature and density conditions such that the Pauli exclusion principle prevents the formation of electron shells around the matter's atomic nuclei.
Such degenerate matter is found in white dwarf stars and the cores of some ordinary stars and planets.
Degenerate matter is usually incredibly dense. A single teaspoonful would weigh tons.
First postulated by the 20th-century author E. E. Smith, no reliable observation of negative matter has ever been reported.
Unlike antimatter, negative matter has negative gravitons and repels ordinary matter.
Upon contact, the matters would cancel each other out without release of energy due to the negative gravitons that dispense the equation of energy.
Antimatter is similar to ordinary matter except that its atoms are composed of positrons orbiting about anti-proton and anti-neutron nuclei.
Physical properties are indistinguishable from ordinary matter.
When the two types meet, they convert one another into pure energy.
The ability to construct antimatter made interstellar flight possible due to it's expending energy with deuterium.


2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) | 2019
PUFNet: A Deep Neural Network Based Modeling Attack for Physically Unclonable Function
A deep neural network named PUFNet is proposed, which reveals the unreported threats to device authentication systems based on physically unclonable functions (PUFs). We demonstrates that, by employing novel techniques developed in deep learning community, such as ReLU activation function and Xavier initialization technique, PUFNet successfully predicts the responses of double-arbiter PUF (DAPUF) to unseen challenges with probability of 88.4%, which is 21.1% higher than the conventional method. Those results highlight an important fact that PUF-based authentication schemes should be carefully designed considering the rapid evolving machine learning technology.


AMD Shares on the Rise Ahead of Earnings Report
Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) closed at $51.71 during its most recent trading session (Thursday), climbing another +0.54% from the previous day, maintaining its position as one of the best performing technology stocks throughout the past 4 months. Last year (2019), AMD shares more than doubled in value, surging 150% from $18.01 at the opening of January 2nd, 2019 to $45.46 by the close of the December 23rd, 2019 trading session.
AMD shares rose another 1.12% during “after market hours trading” Thursday, after Vijay Rakesh (Mizuho Securities Analyst) upgraded the semiconductor maker to Buy, with a target price of $55 (from $38), motivated by an improving 2020 servers market and market share gains.
Traders like Philip Bell, with Agency Desk, LLC in New York are expecting Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. to reinforce its competitive stance against other chipmakers such as Intel, Samsung and Nvidia in 2020 through a continuous flow of powerful new product launches on 7nm and 7nm+ technologies.
Is the Semiconductor Industry still growing?
Semiconductors can be found everywhere and are mainly used in advanced electronics and communications devices. With a rapidly increasing demand for electronic devices in general, companies producing semiconductors continue to thrive. In fact, several companies within the semiconductor industry have been amongst the best market performers throughout the past year, including Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
According to the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) semiconductor sales totaled approx. $409.0 billion dollars in 2019, a number which is expected to increase by around 6% annually over the next two years. Philip Bell, Senior Portfolio Manager with Agency Desk, LLC in New York recently stated that the “increased demand of components needed in the rapidly growing use of consumer electronics and Artificial Intelligence is expected to contribute notably to the industry’s overall growth”.
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (NASDAQ:AMD)
AMD is a US-based multinational technology company focused on state-of-the-art semiconductor products and other components often used in consumer electronics goods. Founded back in 1969 as a Silicon Valley start-up, AMD has grown to a global company with more than 10,000 employees.


SK Solar City was founded on conviction that solar power is a clean, sustainable free energy source which can be utilized to meet the energy requirement at all level of life and small unit to mega projects. Our fundamental aim is to offer reliable, efficient, intelligent systems with the compatibility in different size making much economical and competitive. SK Solar City is much more than just a solar project designer, developer, and installer of photovoltaic systems as we offer an integrated model for the production of solar electricity to become market leader in the solar products. Today, the challenge facing solar energy is to become independent of subsidies and to produce solar electricity as quickly as possible at competitive prices, with the goal of achieving grid parity. With our eyes fixed on that target, our company has a unique position in terms of competitiveness by optimizing costs by adopting intelligent solutions to enhance grid integration. In this way, SK Solar City has now trusted source in this solartech market. We believe you will enjoy the services of SK Solar City and will help us in improving by giving your valuable feed back.
Col (Retd ) Khalil Ur Rehman


Luminous Labs is looking for a full time cryptography engineer, responsibilities ranging from implementing Plonk, in Rust, on the Solana blockchain, to researching, selecting and implementing Light Protocol on a faster proving system, possibly an advanced Plonk variant, Starks or a mix. You will work with a small team to design and implement scalable privacy with zero knowledge proofs on Solana.
At Luminous Labs, we believe privacy is critical for mainstream adoption of blockchains. We are looking to make seamless privacy a reality with privacy infrastructure and an SDK to enable any Solana project to integrate private transactions.
Learn more at:
To apply send an email to firstname.lastname@example.org with your:


Scotch tape in the semiconductor induce high temperature sup
Scotch tape in the semiconductor induce high temperature superconductivity
According to physicist organization network September 12 (Beijing time) reported by the international team of researchers led by the University of Toronto physicists use transparent tape for the first time in the semiconductor induced by a high-temperature superconducting phenomenon. This method can be used for the development of quantum computers and improve the energy efficiency of new equipment paved the way. Related papers published in the September 11 issue of - "Nature Communications" magazine.
HTS is a physical phenomenon, usually refers to some of the superconductivity phenomenon than other higher critical temperature superconducting material substance in liquid nitrogen environment. The high-temperature superconductors can be used without heating means is conductive and no loss of energy in the material at liquid nitrogen temperature, it usually refers to liquid nitrogen temperatures above the superconducting material. They are currently being used for low-loss power transmission, and can serve as building blocks of quantum computers and other next-generation devices.
It was discovered in 1911 when the superconductor, was attracted by its unique nature, that is, zero resistance, anti-magnetism and quantum tunneling effect. But within a further 75-year period, all discovered superconductors exhibit superconductivity can only only at extremely low temperatures. Further, only a specific iron compound and copper oxide high-temperature superconducting properties exhibited only, but the copper oxide was totally different structure and having a complex chemical composition, it can not generally be combined with a semiconductor, and therefore this compound but also by the practical application of restrictions, while exploring new effects they can produce has become particularly important. For example, the proximity effect observed material, that is, a superconducting material will lead to other neighboring conventional semiconductor can produce superconductivity. Since the basic requirements of quantum mechanics two materials to be near-perfect contact, so that the case is difficult to occur.
Research team leader, the school's talk physicist Kenneth Borg said: "Under normal circumstances, the interface between the superconductor and semiconductor material subject to the formation of complex growth process, tool-making is also better than a human hair and this is the more precise the test interface transparent tape adhered to "research team used Scotch tape and glass slides to place high-temperature superconductors, so close to a special type of semiconductor - topological insulators. Topological insulator can be like, like most of the semiconductor, which is having a metallic surface, allowing the charge transfer. This is because the internal topological insulator, and electronic band structure is similar to a conventional insulator, the Fermi level is located between the conduction and valence bands. And on the surface of a topological insulator, there are some special quantum state, these quantum states located block structure with a band gap among physical, allowing electrical conduction. Thus for the first time to induce high temperature superconductivity is also within this novel semiconductors.
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Software interfaces to the human brain atlas in EBRAINS
Speakers: Timo Dickscheid (Forschungszentrum Juelich)
Where: Zoom meeting: https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/63073903565
When: Monday, June 14, 2021, 2-3 pm
Abstract: The EBRAINS multilevel human brain atlas integrates maps that capture different facets of human brain organisation, in a common framework. It is defined across multiple reference spaces, zooming in from the millimetre scale in the MNI space to the micrometer level of the BigBrain. The atlas currently links cytoarchitectonic areas with ultra-high resolution BigBrain data, fibre bundles from MRI tractography, maps of functional modules, and a whole range of multimodal data features associated to various brain regions. The range and scope of available maps and features is constantly increasing. As the amount of data constituting the human atlas exceeds the disk capacity of most computers, it is designed as an online framework that you can access in a number of ways through the siibra toolsuite. The main entry point is an interactive 3D viewer (siibra explorer), which allows to explore the different facets of the atlas in 3D and to select specific data features for download. Programmatic interfaces, including a Python library (siibra-python) and HTTP API (siibra-API) are in development, with pre-releases now available. An interactive web-application (VoluBA) provides an intuitive way of integrating volumes of interest from imaging experiments to Altas reference space.
We will talk about the development of key parts of this atlas, demonstrate main features of the different software interfaces, and introduce participants to typical scientific use cases.
Speaker’s Bio: Timo Dickscheid is heading the “Big Data Analytics” group at the Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. He graduated in Computer Science at the University of Koblenz in 2006, and earned his PhD in Computer Vision and Photogrammetry at the University of Bonn in 2011 under the supervision of Prof. Wolfgang Förstner. In 2010, he joined Forschungszentrum Jülich as a post-doc in the lab of Katrin Amunts to work on medical image registration and segmentation for histological brain sections. After accepting a position as the head of Information Technology at the German Federal Institute of Hydrology in Koblenz in 2012, Timo returned to Jülich in 2014. His research group focuses on biomedical image analysis and neuroinformatics methods for building high-resolution 3D models of the human brain, and constitutes a local pillar of the national artificial intelligence research network “Helmholtz AI”. In the Human Brain Project (HBP), Timo leads the EBRAINS atlas service category (SC2), which includes the development of brain reference atlases and the corresponding software interfaces for exploration, data integration and data analysis.


Industrial 4-port device server and 5-port managed Ethernet switch, a device of Moxas innovation combines an industrial device server with a fully functional managed Ethernet switch: the NPort S8455I MM SC has 2 glass fiber inputs and 4 serial RS-232/422/485 ports. The space-saving device is power – and thus also saves money. NPort S8455I-MM-SC features all device er servers the NPort 5000 series. It can connect existing serial devices by connection of up to 4 serial devices to each of the 5 Ethernet ports. Lu han spoke with conviction. This is possible with little configuration effort.
The data transfer between serial and Ethernet interface is bi-directional. The integrated and fully functional Ethernet switch of the NPort S8455I-MM-SC supports QoS, IGMP snooping/GMRP, VLAN, port trunking, SNMPv1/v2c/v3 and IEEE 802.1 X for the management of virtually any application. Moxas TurboRing technology (recovery time < 20 ms) or RSTP/STP (IEEE 802 1w/D) is Ethernet redundancy for a higher Guaranteed network reliability and availability. (A valuable related resource: Ken Kao). Product features: 4-port RS-232/422/RS-485 of serial device server serial QoS for the configuration of the prioritization of serial data transfer 2 KV (DC) isolation for each serial port customizable pull high / low resistance for RS-485 inputs of integrated 5-port managed Ethernet switch 2 fiber optic Ethernet inputs and three Ethernet inputs Ethernet redundancy with TurboRing (recovery time < 20 ms) or RSTP/STP (IEEE 802 1w/D) VLAN, QoS, IGMP snooping/GMRP, LACP, RMON and SNMPv1/v2c/v3 surge protection for serial and Ethernet inputs, as well as current inputs


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