Virtual reality promised to disrupt the way we consume content. Unfortunately, the disruption is yet to happen. After Facebook’s famous acquisition of Oculus for $2 billion the buzz around VR remains high, but the real change hasn’t taken place as quickly as expected.
Just like Apple’s smartwatch, Virtual Reality is highly praised by people in the tech industry, yet when it comes to real people there isn’t much of an excitement. The only industry that fully embraced VR is gaming industry, where user experience is tied up to the way visual information is transmitted and perceived. When it comes to web design though, things are different. Web information is still largely based on the text. And while the text is partly visual, it’s perceived by the right brain that is more analytical. Some research even suggests that visuals are processed 60,000 times faster than text. So is virtual reality in web design a dream that will never come true?
Virtual reality is a computer technology that uses headsets to produce an effect of presence in the environment that seems highly realistic to those wearing the device. The main appeal of Virtual Reality is its ability to place a person in the imaginative world by engaging as many senses as possible including vision, hearing, touch, and smell.
Virtual Reality simulates the environment following the position of the viewer’s eyes. The graphics change as the user turns their head. The technology has become possible due to the invention of the head-mounted display (HMD). The display tricks your brain to believe that you’re in the 3D world through the combination of the stereoscopic display, latency and the expanded field of view.
Virtual Reality tech includes the aforementioned HMD and a smartphone. Even though people associate VR with heavy equipment and high cost, this is not always the case. Here is an overview of VR tech available on the market:
Virtual Reality is a perfect tool for creating immersive gaming experiences and connecting people. But when it comes to web browsing, we’re still at the stage of initial development. There are numerous predictions on VR development. Soon we’ll be moving through the online space using hands and gestures, just like the heroes of Johnny Mnemonic.
But you’re probably more interested in how to use VR for business instead of the specs of the technology that makes it possible. It’s still too early to know how the VR online browsing experience will look like. In an ideal future world, VR will turn pages of text and lifeless pictures into realistic experiences that you can be a part of. But VR is already used in some cases to enhance our regular experiences:
VR is an amazing technology, but as with anything new, there are some drawbacks. These disadvantages refer to the way VR makes you feel as well as technology restrictions that VR puts on developers.
VR causes slight nausea. It’s recommended that you follow VR headset instructions that concern break time and duration. VR sickness is similar to “Simulator sickness” that is commonly suffered in flight simulators. It’s unclear whether we as humanity will get used to sickness or maybe the technology will improve. As of now, it’s impossible to live in the Virtual Reality world, rather you step into it for a short period of time.
Another health-related issue is the risk of injury. Look at the more advanced VR sets and you’ll see the bunch of cords and weirdly shaped wearables. Considering that you’re all immersed in a different world and can’t see what’s happening around you, wires present a real problem. Whether you’re fighting enemies on a battlefield or catching butterflies you have to move around the room and discomfort is bound to occur.
The most serious problem for developers is that web isn’t designed for VR. Web is a collection of 2D objects such as texts and images. Designers are still spending hours adjusting the design to different screen sizes and mobile. Having to adopt virtual makeover means more hours of work for designers and developers, which business will be opposed to due to budget constraints.
Having to switch between VR and regular browsing experience isn’t the perfect solution. If you want to forget about the real world, the immersion should be easy and unnoticeable. Right now it’s impossible as you have to switch the toggle button to activate VR.
Bandwidth is another concern for VR web implementation. Current attention spans don’t exceed 8 seconds – that’s how long visitors are willing to wait for the web page to load. With VR you have to wait for heavy videos to load, which might scare the users off.
WordPress.com is now supporting Virtual Reality images and videos. Considering the number of sites running on WordPress.com, that’s a huge boost for the VR industry. Self-hosted WordPress sites are also benefiting from VR through the use of plugins. Here are the two plugins that are used most often:
With VR Views you can add a VR video or image onto your site. Of course, these images and videos can only be viewed with a VR headset. For those who don’t have one, the website will display the magic window, that allows the visitors to move the image and explore it in a 360-degree view.
WP-VR Views works similar to VR views. It uses the same switch to the magic window for those who don’t own a VR headset.
Virtual Reality is bound to transform the web. But no one knows when and how it will happen. With the current state of web the transition is likely to be hard. But several years ago we were all sitting in front of our desks clicking the mouse buttons to move around web, now all we do is pick up the phone and scroll the pages back and forth. This change happened very quickly. Virtual Reality is the next step in this journey.
UPQODE’s work consistently exceeds all expectations, garnering enthusiastic praise from customers. The team has proven themselves capable of producing strong results, even with sudden schedule changes. In the end, their technical expertise and customer-centric approach spur continued engagement. I appreciate that they share my desire to deliver outstanding results and amazing customer service. Furthermore, their quality of work usually exceeds my expectations. We always get repeat customers thanks to UPQODE’s great work. Our clients are extremely pleased with the final product and often come back to request extra work.


- Hand held, Battery operated, Portable Source and Sink for mV, mA and RTD.
- PT-100 reading directly in terms Of temperature
- Test facility to confirm DPM and stabilized circuit.
- Typical Accuracy 0.1%.
- Battery low indication.
GK' introduces truiy portable and highly able Calibrator which can be used for the bration of many types of process control ruments which work on mV, mA and iistance. The Calibrator is designed to suit rument lab as well as field calibration. This can be used as better tool for fault finding and firmation of Instrument / Sensor reliability. ice very useful for Commissioning, Quality urance. Routine maintenance and Trouble oting.
|Power Supply :||Two Batteries of nv. size PP3. Make Everedy or equivalent|
|Indication :||41/2 digit LCD display with 'Battery Low'. Over-range and Polarity Indication.|
|Operating Temperature :||0 to 50 Deg. C|
|Effect of Temp. Change:||0.002% / Deg. C. Ref. 25 Deg. C.|
|Humidity :||Max. 90% Rh non condensing|
|Storage Temperature :||0 to 70 oC|
|Battery Life :||0 to 70 oC|
|Size :||170 (H) 90 (W)'45(D)|
|Weight :||Max. I/2 Kg|
|DC mV||199.99 mV||0.01 mV||±0.1% of F.S.||5 mA max.|
|DC mA||25.00 mA||0.01 mA||10.1% of F.S.||500 Ohms(at 20 mA)|
|RTD||-200 to 600 oC||0.1 oC||-I- 0.1% of F.S. (For 0 to 400 oC)||0.25 Watts|
Functional DescriptionFront Panel
In case of instrument is not being used for longer duration, batteries should be removed.
1).For Calibration of Process Control Instruments and Systems for various industries such as Cement, Chemicals. Dyestuff, Paint, Drugs, Pharmaceuticals, Sugar, Paper, Glass, Food Industries, Steel, Synthetics. Automobiles, Air-conditioning & Refrigeration.
2).As fault finding tool.
3).Quality Assurance toot for ISO 9000 companies for "Control of Inspection, Measuring & Test equipment


Turn Your Home Into a Smart Home
Photo credit: Jeffery A. Davis Photography
Whether your home was built in the 70s or last year, today’s innovative technologies allow you to transform any home into a smart home. Smart devices convert the everyday dwelling into a connected, intuitive space elevating your family’s comfort and often the overall energy efficiency of your home. Ready to improve your space? Below we detail a few easy steps to give you the smart home experience.
Step 1: Start with a Smart Home Device
Hub platforms such as Amazon Echo or Google Home are well-recognized smart home devices. They offer a relatively inexpensive way to manage your home’s lighting, entertainment, energy use, appliances and security through a singular interface. Even if you’re looking for something a little less comprehensive, most brands offer “mini” devices (like the Echo Dot) you can place in various rooms and tailor for specific functions. You only need a WiFi connection to get started.
Step 2: Replace Traditional Lighting with Smart Lightbulbs
Lighting accounts for 15% of the average home’s electricity use and can drastically affect your productivity and mood. By swapping harsh, traditional incandescent lights for LED smart bulbs, you can save energy and get a more customized lighting experience. Change lighting color, set schedules and group bulbs together to turn off and on at the same time, or dim with a simple voice command.
Step 3: Integrate Appliances into Your Smart Home Device
These days, most appliance brands are getting smart upgrades. From refrigerators autopopulating your grocery list to washing machines using AI to determine wash and drying cycle needs — there’s a smart appliance for just about everything! However, you’ll get the most bang for your buck by selecting appliances designed for energy efficiency and maximum comfort.
HVAC is essential for comfort and can account for up to 40% of your home’s yearly energy expenses. Nothing is worse than a lousy HVAC system, whether the weather is freezing or scorching. All-electric heat pumps offer energy-efficient, precise temperature control through set zones (or living spaces) within your home. This efficiency is only enhanced with our kumo cloud® app, allowing homeowners to set schedules, turn off mini-split indoor units in empty rooms, and automatically engage supplemental heat when extreme weather strikes (with the kumo station® platform addition). Our mini-split heat pump technology can pair with smart hubs such as Amazon Alexa and Google Home through kumo cloud.
Even better — no more messing with the thermostat. Temperature management is simplified with a voice command or using the kumo cloud app.
By making incremental appliance upgrades and simple swaps, you and your family can enjoy a customized home environment tailored to your needs while saving energy. To learn more about our mini-split heat pump systems, check out MitsubishiComfort.com.


Main / Tools / Computer graphics projects using opengl source code
Computer graphics projects using opengl source code
Name: Computer graphics projects using opengl source code
File size: 454mb
OpenGL Mini Projects With Source Code [ Computer Graphics ] WITH SOURCE CODES Flowing Fountain OpenGL Projects using c++; 30 Dec - 3 min - Uploaded by Mahmudul Hasan Download Link: kelloughenterprises.com?id=kelloughenterprises.comcse. 9 Jan - 7 min - Uploaded by AkashCraft Don't comment for code. Computer Graphics Projects using OpenGL sir please send the.
Graphics and Game Programming in OpenGL My intention of creating that blog was to let students I hope you go through the source codes and will be able to understand. What are some small computer graphics projects using OpenGL?. OpenGL Projects provides free source code for opengl projects, computer graphics mainly focusing mini project on computer graphics using visual c++. OpenGL Mini Projects With Source Code And Report. Here is a list of OpenGL mini projects (Computer Graphics) that includes source codes and full reports. Constructive Solid Geometry using OpenGL · Graphics Editor.
Its simple code base also provides a way to learn OpenGL with the help of external OpenCSG is a library that does image-based CSG rendering using OpenGL. It is based on open source software such as TigerVNC, SSH, and PulseAudio. graphics cards, processors, and computers to scale rendering performance. Source code: abgr.c. Example of using GLUT bitmap fonts. Source code: bitfont .c. Example for PC game developers to show how to combine texturing. Here you can download computer graphics projects with source code and reports . It has all latest OpenGL mini computer graphics projects along with reports. Back in , for my computer science study I had a course about Computer Graphics. More specifically, the practical consisted of several assignments with OpenGL. with a place in the course's hall of fame, along with some other projects. the bottom of this page, as well as the C++ source code of the complete project.


Know the truth about cell phone myths
These days, everyone has a smartphone. And I am sure at some point you have heard a cell phone myth or rumor about how to use or not to use your phone. Instructions like – Don’t user your phone while it is charging. Don’t leave it plugged in overnight. Or how about, always let the battery die completely before charging it. Well not all of these are true.
Technology has come a long way and batteries have become smarter. Typically, most new lithium ion batteries these days (which are used my major retailers such as Samsung and Apple) should last between three and five years if properly managed. Below are a few myths that I will explain.
Do I have to use a “real” charger?
One question that I have been asked quite frequently by people is if inexpensive (or what could be called fake) chargers will actually harm a cell phone. I read an article on the Life Hacker web site where they ran a detailed experiment where they put many different types of charges though the ringer. What they found was the “fake” chargers did not work at all or could even cause damage to the battery. I have even read reports where using a fake charger has caused the battery to melt, the phone to catch on fire, or even explode. When buying a phone charger, you really should purchase a name brand or off brand charger. Off brand being a charger that is still built by a reputable company, but not by the phone manufacturer.
Don’t use your phone while its charging.
One that I thought was quite funny the first time I heard it was “You shouldn’t use your phone while it is charging”. This is of course a myth and not something you should be afraid of. Using your phone while it is charging will not affect the phone or you in any way. Keep in mind, as I mentioned before, you do not want to use a fake charger. If you are, there is a chance that something could happen, but that is because of the charger and not the simple fact that the phone is charging while you are using it.
Why is my phone so slow?
I have also been asked many times why a smartphone slows down or seems to lag and what can be down about it. One common mistake about smartphones is that people see them as phones and not mini computers. They assume that they can be left on forever and that is just simply not true. Smartphones can could be considered mini computers and just like a computer need to be rebooted from time to time. You do not necessarily need to turn your phone off for any extended period of time, but turning the phone off and waiting 10 seconds then turning it back on weekly (or anytime it seems to really be lagging) is something I would recommend.
Most common question
Probably the most common question I have been asked regarding cell phone charging is “do I need to let the battery die completely before charging it”. The answer to this question use to be yes. Technology has changed and with the new lithium ion batteries, this is no longer the case. The short of it is, charge your battery anytime and as often as you would like. It will not hurt the battery. The long of it is that lithium ion batteries have what is referred to as cycles. This is basically the number of times the battery can be fully depleted and then fully charged. Batteries have a finite amount of these cycles and if you are constantly letting the battery die and then charging it, you are actually eating into these cycles. Batteries these days want to be charged and the devices that are using them want them to be charged. Do not worry about when or how often you are charging your batteries. One last note, I would not leave devices charging all day every day. Overnight is fine, but do not leave it plugged in all the time. That can be bad for that battery as well.
One last strange battery fact
Batteries will actually lose their charge faster when the device is cold (of the battery itself is cold). You do not want to leave a device in a hot car on an August summer day, nor do you want to leave it there on a cold February day. Keeping your device with you in the heat and A/C is how you will maintain the best battery usage and the longest life.
Can you think of any other strange rule about using your cell phone you’d like to share? Please add your myth or questions below.
©Custom Systems Corporation 2014


II. What are Semiconductor Stocks?
III. Best Semiconductor Stocks list
IV. Top Semiconductor Stocks: An Overview
V. Strategies for investing in Semiconductor Stocks
VI. The Indian Semiconductor Industry
VII. To Wrap It Up…
Semiconductor stocks in India are gaining attention for their rapid growth potential as technology advances and digitalization becomes widespread. In this blog, we’ll cover essential information on investing in Indian semiconductor stocks.
What are Semiconductor Stocks?
Semiconductor stocks are shares of companies involved in designing, developing, and manufacturing semiconductors, essential electronic components that regulate electricity in devices like smartphones and computers.
They encompass various semiconductor chips, such as memory and microprocessors. In India, these stocks are pivotal for the technology sector’s growth, given the rising demand for electronic devices, driving continuous innovation within semiconductor firms. Semiconductor stock prices depend on this demand.
Best Semiconductor Stocks list
Here is a list of semiconductor stocks to buy in India.
|Market Cap (in Cr)
|Bharat Electronics Ltd
|ABB India Ltd
|Havells India Ltd
|Polycab India Ltd
|CG Power and Industrial Solutions Ltd
|Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd
|Honeywell Automation India Ltd
|Apar Industries Ltd
|Hitachi Energy India Ltd
|V Guard Industries Ltd
Top Semiconductor Stocks: An Overview
Let’s briefly overview the best Semiconductor companies in India.
Bharat Electronics Ltd
Bharat Electronics, a key Indian defense electronics company under the Ministry of Defence, designs, manufactures, and supplies advanced electronics systems like radars, sonars, communication gear, and weapons. BEL plays a vital role in bolstering India’s defense capabilities and electronics self-reliance.
ABB India Ltd
ABB India, a notable technology firm, specializes in power and automation solutions. It’s a subsidiary of the global ABB Group and provides a wide array of offerings, including robotics, electrification, industrial automation, and digital solutions, serving various sectors like utilities, manufacturing, and infrastructure.
Havells India Ltd
Havells, a renowned Indian company, excels in electrical equipment and consumer goods. It prioritizes innovation and quality while manufacturing a wide range of products, including switches, cables, circuit protection devices, lighting solutions, and home appliances. It caters to both domestic and international markets.
Strategies for investing in Semiconductor Stocks
Understanding and monitoring these factors are crucial for successful semiconductor shares investments.
- Calculate semiconductor share prices by dividing the total market capitalization by outstanding shares. Factors like demand, market trends, economy, and tech advancements impact share prices.
- When choosing semiconductor stocks, consider factors like financial stability, market performance, growth potential, and dividends.
- Be aware of risks in the semiconductor industry, such as market fluctuations and global trade policy changes.
The Indian Semiconductor Industry
The Indian semiconductor industry is rapidly expanding. In 2022, its market value reached about $23.2 billion, with a projected growth to $80.3 billion by 2028 at a 17.10% CAGR.
The Indian government supports semi conductor stocks by:
- Launching the $10 billion Semiconductor Fabs Incentive Scheme (SFMIS) to attract manufacturers.
- Introducing the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for semiconductor and display manufacturing.
- Establishing the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) to coordinate industry development.
To Wrap It Up…
In conclusion, smallcap stocks in the semiconductor industry in India provide substantial growth potential for tech sector investors. To succeed in this investment, understand the Indian semiconductor market, select the right manufacturers, and apply a sound investment strategy for profitable portfolio growth.


Interactive Activation Model. This video describes mcclelland and rumelhart's interactive activation model of letter and word recognition. The model has three levels containing a number of simple units.
The model has three levels containing a number of simple units. Each unit has an activation level and is connected to other units by weighted. Two versions of the ia model can be created.
On the left, a schematic of the interactive activation (IA) model of
The architecture of the model, which used the basic framework from the monolingual interactive activation model (iam) (mcclelland & rumelhart, 1981), consists of 4 layers of nodes (letter. The interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception is reviewed, elaborated, and tested, and several recent findings that seem to challenge the model are considered and a. This video describes mcclelland and rumelhart's interactive activation model of letter and word recognition. Bilingual interactive activation plus is a model for understanding the process of bilingual language comprehension and consists of two interactive subsystems:


Are you eager to know more about analog output as well as other kinds of input/output devices in the simplest way? If yes, then you are lucky to find this article. The main content of this post is to provide knowledge for those who wish to conduct measurement control by utilizing computers and anyone who is considering automation of data measurements or even logging.
The signals from sensors measure surrounding natural factors at https://labjack.com/usb-daq which include temperature, flow rate and even pressure. Typically, these are analog signals and most of it control actuators that move together with the analog signals. On the other hand, digital signals can only be monitored by using computers. It’s because of this why it is important to have access to a device that can bridge the analog signal and digital signal being monitored by the computer, in an effort to enter the signal from sensor using computer or output signal to an actuator. This bridge is also referred to as analog input/output interface.
When inputting external analog quantity to computer, there is an infinite number of numbers needed to correspond the digital quantity and this is done in the event that you want to have proper display of the quantity in digitalize form. This is not possible with computers that are capable of handling finite number of digits, even from standpoint of circuit technology that makes up the converter. Among the effective ways to solve this problem is to keep the number of digits in an acceptable range either by making use of rounding the floor or ceiling. In other words, it means that you need to replace the amount in a certain range to represent its value or otherwise known as quantization. Watch and learn more at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nvv_6Mrs1PU.
When quantizing analog values, it is typically represented by a solid line and you are expected to get a stepped line as well. The truth is, it’s become possible to express the analog signal using finite value. This technology is active in many things that people aren’t actually aware of. To give you an example, one perfect example of this is smart phones. These devices at https://labjack.com/support/faq/what-is-analog-output can make calls and it’s through the conversion of voice from analog to digital sound.
As a matter of fact, there are two major classifications for analog input and output devices including:
Bus isolation – it uses photocoupler and it makes the external analog output and computer to be isolated.
Independent isolation – it makes use of a photocoupler as well as isolation amplifier for it to add isolation between the input/output channel.


Dr. Khalil Khoumabti is a Professor in the Institute of Information and Communication Technology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. He received his PhD in "Evaluating the Adoption of Enterprise Application Integration in Healthcare Organizations" from the School of Information Systems, Computing and Mathematics, Brunel University, UK. He also has an MSc in Computer Technology and a BSc in Electronics from Institute of Information Technology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. His current research focus is on the adoption of enterprise application integration in healthcare organization and e-government applications.
Dr. Khoumabti is on the editorial board of several international journals such as Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy. He has published 24 research papers in internationally refereed journals such as Journal of Management Information Systems and Journal of Computer and Information Systems. He has presented 16 papers in international conferences such as HICSS, AMCIS, ECIS and EMCIS. He is currently editing a book for IGI group of publisher USA on Handbook of Research on Advances in Health Informatics and Electronic Healthcare Applications: Global Adoption and Impact of Information Communication Technologies.


Chemistry 101: Ionic and Covalent Bonding
In chemistry, atoms often need to bond together to form more complex molecules and compounds to become “stable.”
In other words, when an atom is “stable,” it has 8 outermost electrons, otherwise called valence electrons. This can be achieved in two ways: Ionic Bonding and Covalent Bonding.
But first, what are valence electrons?
All bonding starts with the concept of valence electrons, which are electrons located on the outermost shell of the atom.
On the periodic table, an element’s position on the periodic table indicates the number of valence electrons present in its atom.
An element like Lithium (Li) in Group 1 would have 1 valence electron, while an element such as Chlorine (Cl) in Group 17 would have 7 valence electrons.
Groups = Columns
We generally skip transition metals in Groups 3-17 because their outer shells and electron configurations are different and these metals often bond through another process called metallic bonding. Elements in Group 18 are called noble gases and tend to have little reactivity because they are already stable with 8 valence electrons.
Ionic bonding starts with ions, atoms that have either accepted or donated electrons based on the number of electrons in their valence shell.
For example, as we mentioned before, Sodium (Na) has 1 valence electron in its outermost shell. If possible, a Sodium atom would like to lose or donate this electron, so that it can more stably exist with a full valence shell from an inner layer.
Traditionally, atoms are neutral, but since we altered the amount of electrons and charge within the atom, we now can refer to it as an ion. Since it lost an electron, it now has a positive charge because there are more protons than electrons present in its atom. Positively charged ions are referred to as cations, and we would denote this positively charged ion with a +.
Now, let’s utilize the element Chlorine. It is in the 17th group in the periodic table and has 7 valence electrons. To reach a desirable full outer shell, Chlorine would only need to accept one valence electron to have 8. If we take the electron lost by Sodium and donate it to Chlorine, the Chlorine would now also obtain a charge. However, this time, the charge would be negative because it received an extra electron. We refer to negatively charged ions as anions and Chlorine would be written as Cl-.
In the ionic bonding process, an atom donates an electron and becomes a positively charged cation, and an atom accepts this electron to become a negatively charged anion. The two opposite charges attract to form a bond. Utilizing the two ions that we created above, the Na+ ion and the Cl- ion would bond together to form NaCl, a compound that we commonly refer to as table salt.
Remember, atoms always try to achieve stability when bonding with another atom. Hence, they either gain or lose electrons depending on which is more favorable. For example, Calcium in Group 2 of the periodic table would form a 2+ ion because losing 2 electrons will give it a full outer shell. Calcium can either bond with other anions with a 2- charge or with two 1- ions like Cl-.
Covalent bonding occurs between nonmetals and is the process when two or more atoms share one or more pairs of electrons to form a compound.
Let's look at an example of covalent bonding between hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O). Hydrogen has 1 valence electron and oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Oxygen wants to gain 2 electrons to complete its outermost shell, while hydrogen wants to gain 1 electron to complete its outermost shell.
However, these atoms cannot ionically bond because they are both nonmetals as they cannot donate electrons to one another. Therefore, these atoms covalently bond, or share electrons instead. In this process, atoms share the electrons in their outermost valence shell.
When hydrogen and oxygen come into contact, they will share their electrons. This will result in the formation of a molecule of water (H2O). In this molecule, each hydrogen atom shares its electron with the oxygen atom, and the oxygen atom is sharing its electrons with the hydrogen atoms. Now, each atom has a stable valence shell. (Hydrogen follows the duet rule, meaning that it is stable with 2 valence electrons).
In covalent bonding, atoms can share one or more pairs of electrons to create double or even triple bonds, where multiple pairs of electrons are shared between atoms. This allows two of the same elements to covalently bond in different ratios to form different compounds. For example, Carbon, which has 4 valence electrons, and Oxygen which has 6 valence electrons can covalently bond to form either Carbon Monoxide (CO) or Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
In Carbon Monoxide, One Carbon and One Oxygen triple bond together and share 6 electrons between two atoms. (Each dash represents 1 pair of shared electrons).
In Carbon Dioxide, One Carbon and Two Oxygens Bond together (Each dash represents 1 pair of shared electrons).
QUICK TIP (Ionic vs. Covalent Bonding):
Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a nonmetal.
Covalent bonding occurs only between nonmetals.
Determining Ionic or Covalent Bonding Quiz
That’ll be it for this article! As always, feel free to check us out on YouTube and Instagram at Biorithmetic! We hope you enjoyed reading and learning about ionic and covalent bonding. Make sure to try our available quiz below to check your understanding of this topic.
1. How many valence electrons does potassium (K) have?
2. How many valence electrons does nitrogen (N) have?
3. What type of bond will form between magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O)?
4. What type of bond will form between carbon (C) and hydrogen (H)?
5. What type of bond will form between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl)?


The Arduino Uno Rev3 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
The Raspberry Pi® is a single-board computer developed in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation with the intention of stimulating the teaching of basic computer science in schools. Includes the Noob 8GB SDCARD micro adapter & micro-SD.
The PN532 is the most popular NFC chip, and is what is embedded in pretty much every phone or device that does NFC. It can pretty much do it all, such as read and write to tags and cards, communicate with phones (say for payment processing), and 'act' like a NFC tag. If you want to do any sort of embedded NFC work, this is the chip you'll want to use !
Lithium ion polymer (also known as 'lipo' or 'lipoly') batteries are thin, light and powerful. The output ranges from 4.2V when completely charged to 3.7V. This battery has a capacity of 1200mAh for a total of about 4.5 Wh. If you need a larger battery, we also have a 2500mAh+ model
This is a blank MiFare Classic silicone bracelet - often used for parties/events or identification but also found in other systems where a small proximity card is desired. The bracelet contains a NXP S50 chip and an antenna, and is passively powered by the reader/writer when placed a couple inches away
Put on your sunglasses before putting this shield onto your 'duino - 40 eye-blistering RGB LEDs adorn the NeoPixel shield for a blast of configurable color. Arranged in a 5x8 matrix, each pixel is individually addressable. Only one pin (Digital #6) is required to control all the LEDs. You can cut a trace and use nearly any other pin if you need some...
Our Partner LA POSTE ships in France within 48H
Étoele is a Fab Lab. We can help you, contact us !
Our partner are Paypal for Credit card payments, and BitPay for bitcoin !
Fab Lab & Shop.
Étoele a fabrication laboratory that co-founded the Fab Lab Amiénois, integrated to the worldwide Fab Labs NetWork !
We are French resellers of products for prototyping and 3D Printing. Our main partners are ColorFabb, Arduino and Adafruit.


- Is the software emulation 100% compatible with the original TESSELATOR system?
It will be 100% compatible regarding communication protocol (ADLP-10, TOP)
and the display channel and other tertiar unit (TU) commands.
Some differences are that the TessEm doesn't support download of changed symbol libraries.
But additional or changed symbols downloaded from a host computer to a TESSELATOR 7000/8000/9000
system could be saved by the TessEm, with the Symbol Handling option, and be converted, edited
and added to TessEm symbol libraries.
- System requirements?
The TessEm7000 and TessEm8000 software products requires a standard
PC with the Windows 10/7/Vista/XP/2000 operating system.
More detailed system requirements is described in the data sheets which you can download.
See Download section.
- Which are the benefits to use TessEm7000 compared with TESSELATOR 7800
- Lower maintenance costs. By using standard PC equipment with the
Microsoft Windows 10/7/Vista/XP/2000 operating system the TessEm7000
has the ability to take advantage of the myriad of peripheral equipment available on the market from third party vendors.
Thus the user is free to select I/O devices such as monitors, keyboards, printers etc.
Easy to upgrade to low costs when new improved hardware/software is available.
Not related to one supplier of special hardware.
- Alive product. The software product TessEm7000 is continously updated with bug corrections,
improved with new features etc., compared with the TESSELATOR system which is not maintained by ABB anymore.
- Increased performance. Using the TessEm7000 in a standard 2.4 GHz PC gives a display update
rate up to 20 times faster than TESSELATOR 7800. Also faster communication speed with the host computer, asynchronous communication up
to 128.000 Baud, more displays stored in Local Display Storage etc.
For more detailed information see the data sheet in the Download section!
- What type of existing system can use the TessEm products?
- The TessEm7000 product can be used in ABB Master View 810/830, ABB AccuRay 1190, ABB DMS,
ABB Superview, ABB ALSY 225, ABB Transmission HVDC CAS or other systems using TESSELATOR 7800 products as graphic operator interface.
- The TessEm8000 product can be used in ABB Master View 810/830/850, ABB AccuRay 1190, ABB DMS,
ABB Superview, ABB ALSY 235, ABB SINDAC, Fisher & Porter DOC, ABB ALSY, ABB Transmission HVDC CAS or other systems using TESSELATOR 8000 products as graphic operator interface.
- Is there the any test version of the software we can evaluate?
Yes, you can download a stand-alone demo package (no communication with any host computer) showing some of the features. See Download section.
You can also request to borrow a complete TessEm7000 or TessEm8000 Field Test system. See information in the Contact section!
- What kind of support can we expect from you in porting our application?
The intention with the TessEm products is that the user shouldn't be forced
to make any changes in their host application. Just install the software in a PC, connect to host computer and the system should work in the same way as the old TESSELATOR system!
Of cause if we talking of new features such as LAN communication, windowing functions etc, then
changes has to be done to your host software.
Our company Newcon Data AB has the best knowledge of the TESSELATOR system in the world!
The people in the company have been working with the TESSELATOR products in over 36 years! As part of the development teams for all the TESSELATOR
models, the company has been doing additional development projects for example the windowing functions in the TESSELATOR 9800 system and
handling support and maintenance etc on the TESSELATOR system for over 14 years.
So if you have any questions or problems around replacing the TESSELATOR systems, we if anybody can help you!
We also do special software development tailor made only for you if necessary.
- Our PC has only one COM-port but we need to connect a keyboard and a host computer to TessEm7000!
A PC with only one or need for several serial port connectors can use an additional serial PCI card.
NOTE: For communication with the host computer try to use a built-in COM-port on the PC mother board, if available!
Configure the peripheral equipments such as keyboards, printers etc on the additional serial ports.
The following Serial PCI Cards has been tested with the TessEm7000 product:
- LAVA DSerial-PCI, PCI Bus Dual Serial Port board with 16550 UART COM Ports. See www.lavalink.com
- LAVA OCTOPUS-550, PCI Bus 8 Port Serial board with 16550 UART COM Ports.
NOTE: Must be revision "P.N.MOKO L81.1" or newer! See www.lavalink.com
- StarTech PCI2S950, 2 Port High-Speed 16950 Serial PCI Card. See www.startech.com
- NetMos 9835 PCI Multi-I/O Controller, The card is using a MCS9835 is a PCI based dual-channel high performance UART with enhanced bi-directional parallel controller.See www.moschip.com
- DeLock 89004 PCI card, 32-Bit PCI card with 2 serial ports and 1 parallel port which uses a 16C550 UART. See www.delock.de
Newcon Data AB has experienced problems using USB adapter together with the TessEm products.
Therefore we don't recommend use of USB serial adapters!
Despite that has one customer successfully used a USB-to-Serial Adapter from the company Belkin.
- Our existing TESSELATOR 7800 is using the built-in current loop modem to communicate! What to do?
Connecting an equipment for example MV 810/830, to TessEm7000 using the balanced current loop signal interface requires a short-range modem on the PC side.
The Westermo MA-12/MD-12 short-range modems has been tested with the TessEm7000 product.
For more information about the Westermo MA-12/MD-12 short-range modem, see www.westermo.com.
Detailed information about strapping and cables is also found in the TessEm Connections document in the Download section!
- Our host computer is using X.25 communication together with a TESSELATOR 8310. Could we use the TessEm8000?
The software product TessEm8000 contains a X.25 Communication option, which makes it
possible to communicate with host computers through the CCITT X.25/2 LAPB protocol.
The X.25 Communication option uses one FarSync X.25 TxU card from Farsite Communications Limited
with 1, 2 or 4 X.25 channels, each with a maximum communication speed of 8.448 Mbits/s.
- We want to display the information on 3 different monitors without any window frames! Could that be done?
The software product TessEm8000 contains a Multi-Display option, which adds support for one or two additional displays (screens).
By using the standard window type "Operator Window" the TessEm8000 windows is placed on top of all other application windows on the Windows desktop, covering the entire screen.
The only visible information is the contents in the TessEm8000 windows.
NOTE: The "Operator Window" requires a dedicated graphics chip driving each display (screen).
If more than one display is defined in the TessEm8000, more than one graphic card or a multi-monitor graphic card must be installed in the PC.
The "Operator Window" type is also standard in the TessEm7000 product.
- Using system standby modes on the PC.
The TessEm applications can sometimes have problem to access the USB license key
after that the PC has been started from system standby mode.
The problem is related to how the power for the USB slots is activated by the specific PC hardware.
If you experience this kind of problems for the TessEm applications together with your PC, we recommend not activating the system standby functionality!
- Using Aero transparency features in Windows 7 and Windows 10.
Customers have experienced problems with missing display information when using Aero transparency features in Windows 7 and Windows 10 activated together with the TessEm applications.
A slow CPU and low amount of RAM cause the PC to swap windows contents on hard drive sometimes.
Some of the messages sent from a MasterView 810/830, to display information on the screen, were then processed slower than using the original TESSELATOR 7800 system causing an
internal message queue in the MasterView to be full and a message was thrown away before sent to TessEm application in the PC!
If you experience this kind of problems for the TessEm applications together with your PC, we recommend not activating the Aero transparency features!
- Is the entire ABB MasterView 810/830 system replaced by the TessEm7000 product?
The TessEm7000 software product installed in a PC replaces the ABB TESSELATOR 7800 display unit(s) (part. no. DSID 78xx) in the MasterView 810/830.
It also replaces the hard copy option available in the TESSELATOR 78x5 display unit(s) (part. no. DSID 78x5).
By using the PC Keyboard option the PC keyboard and mouse can be used instead of or as a complement to an existing functional ABB keyboard and trackball.
The part of the MasterView 810/830 system containing the 19" rack with circuit boards like DSPC 171, DSCA 114, DSMC 112, DSCA 125 (Master Bus 200), DSCS 140 (Master Bus 300) etc must still be used for the communication with the process equipments!
- Which part of the MasterView 850 system is replaced by the TessEm8000 product?
A MasterView 850 system consist of two 19" racks with circuit boards.
Rack 1 (upper) contains boards like DSMB 151, DSAV 110/111/112, DSCS 116 etc.
This rack is the TESSELATOR 8000 and the entire rack can be replaced by a PC with the TessEm8000 software product installed!
The PC will still use CCITT X.25/2 LAPB communication with the rack 2, the DSCS 116 board.
Rack 2 (lower) contains boards like DSPC 171, DSCA 114, DSMC 112, DSCA 125 (Master Bus 200), DSCS 140 (Master Bus 300) etc must still be used for the communication with the process equipments!
- Price, orders and delivery time for the TessEm products?
The following versions of the software product TessEm are now released:
- TessEm7000 version 2.2.0
- TessEm8000 version 1.0.0
The delivery time is normally less than 2 weeks.
For price and orders please contact us, see information in the Contact section.
- Which part of the automation system is the DDR replacing?
The DDR unit replaces the old 5.25" floppy disk drives, DSMD 113 and DSMD 110, in ABB Master automation systems.
The original floppy disk controller card, such as DSMC 110/111/112, is kept in the system.
An installed DDR unit will be handled as a normal floppy disk drive by the automation system software.
The following types of DDR units are available:
- The NDDD 001 replaces the floppy disk drive DSMD 113, the entire circuit board, used in 19" rack based system for example MasterView 850.
- The NDDD 002 replaces the floppy disk drive DSMD 113 used in small cabinet system for example MasterView 810/830.
- The NDDD 003 replaces the floppy disk drive DSMD 110, the entire circuit board, used in 19" rack based system for example MasterPiece 200 and TESSELATOR 8400.
- The NDDD 004 replaces the floppy disk drive DSMD 110 used in for example MasterPiece 200.
- How many floppy disks can be stored on a SD memory card?
The DDR unit uses 2 Gbyte SD memory cards with the capacity of storing data corresponding to a maximum of 200 diskettes (1.44 MB format).
The unit uses built-in buttons on the front of the unit to change the "active floppy disk", which is indicated on a display on the front.
- Can any type of memory cards be used in the DDR unit?
The DDR unit can only use pre-formatted 2 Gbyte SD memory cards ordered from us (part no. 900061).
The SD card is formatted with the capacity of storing data corresponding to a maximum of 200 diskettes (1.44 MB format).
The SD card cannot be read directly by any PC, because there is no file system present on the card.
NOTE: Each DDR unit is delivered with one (1) SD memory card. Additional cards can be ordered from us.
- I want to store the MasterView system software on a server? What to do?
After that the system software has been transfer to a SD memory card, used by the DDR unit,
our PC software product SDBackup allows easy backups of the SD memory card directly to any PC hard drive or server.
The software product SDBackup works with any PC compatible SD card device handling 2 Gbyte SD memory card on
Microsoft Windows 10/8/7/Vista/XP/2000. The product is available as an option and can be ordered from us.
- Price, orders and delivery time for the DDR products?
The delivery time is normally less than 2 weeks.
For price and order please contact us, see information in the Contact section.


We spent over 0 hours reviewing 63 to help you pick the best brand. Use this grid to sort and compare using over 0 data points such as veteran's discount policies, and . Want to compare more features? View the overall best rankings
Know someone shopping for ? Share this via Gmail or Facebook.
Based on reviews posted on popular review sites as well as from SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless' website, SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless performs very well in terms of battery performance relative to other wireless gaming mouse brands.
The review site techradar.com gives SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless excellent ratings for battery performance in a review posted on its website. Specifically, this reviewer pointed out the following:
Battery performance is good with lighting turned off. We can go through a week with considerable gaming and still have battery lfie to spare. Turning all of the LEDs on will burn through the battery considerably faster. Luckily, fast charging does the job of providing it with 10 (or more) hours of battery life in just 15 minutes, and the Rival 650 works perfectly as a wired mouse.
The review site pcworld.com gives SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless excellent ratings for battery performance in a review posted on its website. Here's a brief quote from this review:
The second gimmick will make more of an impact though, I think. Fast charging has finally hit mice, or at least this mouse. I’m honestly surprised it’s taken so long, but the Rival 650 features charging capabilities similar to those found in modern phones. SteelSeries claims that 15 minutes plugged in provides the Rival 650 with 10 (or more) hours of battery life. And in my experience, it works. The effect is more pronounced if you leave the mouse alone for 15 minutes so it can really suck in power, but even 15 or 20 minutes while still playing gives you hours and hours of battery once you unplug again.
Learn more at the company's website.
You can also check out the top 10 wireless gaming mouse brands for battery performance, or the overall best-performing wireless gaming mouse brands on our main review grid.
Looking for SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless coupons? Check out the latest deals here. Want more reviews on SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless? Read a more in-depth review of SteelSeries Rival 650 Wireless on this page.
— reviewed SteelSeries on October 6, 2019, Read all 2 battery life reviews.


What is XtraView?
XtraView is a cost effective and flexible solution allowing you to link two XtraView capable DStv decoders* at a cost of a single subscription, plus an access fee of R75 per month. XtraView allows you to increase the number of TV channels which can be viewed simultaneously in your home without having to pay an additional subscription. (* See available XtraView combos)
How does XtraView work?
Basically, two decoders* are linked to work under a single subscription. Each decoder is independently connected to the satellite dish and each decoder has a smartcard. In the XtraView installation, one decoder is designated as the “primary” decoder and the other one is designated as the “secondary”. The decoders are linked by a cable that allows communication between them and the primary decoder sends a “heartbeat” to the secondary decoder via this cable. If the cable is removed or the “heartbeat” lost, the secondary decoder will lose video & audio until the cable is replaced or the “heartbeat” resumed. There is no impact to the primary decoder if the cable is disconnected.
Available XtraView combos


Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona
A coupled inductor boost converter as a piecewise linear complementarity system:
model and feedback control
The aim of the talk is to present the problems arising when analysing piecewise continuous systems in the frame of feedback systems. For design purposes it is important to have tools that allow to determine the behaviour of the system when the loop is closed. In the present case a control system with a switch and two diodes will be shown. It will be modelled and analysed as a piecewise complementary system.


- Develop and bridge the systems area with
that of basic sciences, in particular with
physics and biology at the small scale.
- Development of fundamental research in
systems area., that is, significantly aided
by unique perspectives gained by the NDSL
team from its interdisciplinary nature.
- High density data storage solution: New
collaboration with IBM Zurich
- Non-contact static Mode Microscopy:
Featured in Nature
- Detection of probe-loss in AFM:
Reliability measure of AFM imaging: Applied
- Transient Detection of sample feature:
437|22 September 2005
NDSL houses a state-of-the
art nano-interrogation and manipulation
- Optical Tweezer (Built in-house 2004)
- MFD 3D Atomic Force Microscope (2003)
- Multimode Scanning Probe Microscope
The benefits of the interdisciplinary focus
is evident in the results of NDSL in the
scanning probe microscopy (SPM) applications.
SPM community traditionally was primarily
populated by physicists. NDSL was a pioneer in
introducing Systems concepts into this area.
Other High Performance Instruments
- FPGA development system
- High speed data acq system
- Network Analyzer
- Nikon inverted microscope
- Control System Anlyzer
We at NDSL encourage the visitor to explore
this website and contact us if further
information is desired.


Hotseat Internet Connections
A hotseat is a special outlet, also known as a data port, which allows you to connect a computer or laptop to the Internet via an Ethernet cable.
At IndyPL, special hotseating ports have been installed in the Franklin Road, Haughville, Irvington, and Pike branch library buildings for your convenience. If you need help locating the ports, please ask a staff member for assistance.
For Internet access, your laptop must have an Ethernet card, an Ethernet cable (also known as a patch cable) and an Internet browser such as Internet Explorer.
If you only want electric support for your laptop, feel free to plug in at any outlet. If plugging into a surge protector, ensure the rocker switch is in the ON position.
Please note that this service is offered as a courtesy to patrons who have their own equipment.
Because of the vast array of wireless cards on the market, library staff will not be able to answer technical questions about your specific card configuration. The Library cannot guarantee that your equipment will work with the library's network and is not responsible for any changes you make to your computer's settings.
Connecting to a Hotseat Port
Follow these steps to connect to the internet through an IndyPL Hotseat Port:
- Plug in your laptop's power cord (if needed).
- Insert one end of the Ethernet cable into the network jack on your laptop, and insert the other end into the data port.
- Power on your laptop.
- Open your web browser.
In most cases you will not need to change the settings on your laptop to connect. However, if you are unable to connect immediately, see the tips listed under the Trouble Connecting section.
Please note that:
The library's wireless network is not secure and information sent from or to your laptop could be captured by anyone else with a wireless device and the appropriate software.
We recommend your laptop have the latest operating system service packs and anti-virus software before connecting to the internet.
The tips provided assume a laptop running Windows 2000/XP or Mac OS X is being used.
Check that the network cable is secure.
Ensure the cable is fully inserted into the network jack on the back of the laptop and into the data port on the wall, floor, or table. Reboot the laptop and try again. If there is still no connection, try plugging the network cable into a different data port and reboot again.
Check your laptop's network TCP/IP settings.
In Windows 2000/XP, these settings can generally be accessed from the Control Panel under Network and/or Internet Connections > Wireless Network Connection. Find the properties for TCP/IP and ensure that Obtain an IP address automatically and Obtain a DNS server automatically are selected.
If using Mac OS X, go to the Apple menu and click System Preferences > Network. Find the TCP/IP settings. Configure IPv4 should be Using DHCP. Leave the DNS Servers and Search Domains boxes blank.
Check that your laptop has a valid IP address for the public network (10.4.x.x or 10.44.x.x).
To verify the IP address using Windows 2000/XP:
- Click Start > Run
- Type cmd and press Enter
- Type ipconfig and press Enter
- The IP address will appear
- The IP address should be 10.4.x.x 10.44.x.x.
If the IP address is different, try to reestablish a network connection:
- Type ipconfig/release
- Press Enter
- Type ipconfig/renew
- Press Enter
- The correct IP address should appear
- The IP address should be 10.4.x.x or 10.44.x.x.
For Mac OS X users:
From the Apple menu click System Preferences > Network > TCP/IP. If there are no numbers next to the IP address, subnet mask, and router or the IP address is not 10.4.x.x or 10.44.x.x, check the DHCP settings and verify that the SSID is public. You could also try clicking Renew DHCP Lease in Network Preferences.
Ensure your browser is not set to run through a proxy.
For example, the proxy settings in Internet Explorer are under Tools > Internet Options > Connections > LAN Settings.
If using Mac OS X, go to the Apple menu and click System Preferences > Network > Proxies.
Ensure your browser is not configured to use a dial-up connection.
If it is, you will need to change your network or browser settings.
Are you unable to print?
Wireless printing is available for machines running Windows 2000/XP, Vista 32-bit, and Windows 7 as well as Intel-based MAC running 10.5 Leopard or 10.6 Snow Leopard. For more information, visit the IndyPL printing page.
Printing is not available via a wireless connection on any other systems. If you need to print, save the file to a floppy or USB device and use one of our public PCs to print.
If you were still unable to connect after trying these suggestions, you may need to contact the manufacturers of your hardware or software for assistance.


Simplify CI/CD on AWS
CI/CD on AWS makes it easier for DevOps teams to build, test, and deploy apps in the cloud. This whitepaper is intended for existing and potential AWS users – especially Architects, Developers, and SysOps Administrators who prefer to implement their application development and deployments using the CI/CD model on AWS.
- Cloud and mobile-based computing allows development teams to build apps and disseminate them instantly without having to worry about infrastructure
- These agile and nimble teams can get real-time feedback from their customers and rapidly make changes
- Building and releasing applications at this pace needs end-to-end automation for consistent and repeatable results
- Development teams need tools to manage these processes, test the applications automatically, and deploy them
This whitepaper highlights the AWS services and features that can be leveraged to implement continuous integration and continuous delivery for the application development cycle. It also provides an overview, the stages involved, benefits of CI/CD, and hands-on examples. The techniques described allow users to scale applications while continuously integrating and deploying application changes that may be incurred.


IP PBX System in Singapore
Experience seamless connectivity at cost-effective rates with us!
Two-liner: Get instant access to cloud-based phone systems which are reliable, scalable, flexible and affordable at the same time, thus helping you boost the communication at your organization while also enhancing its productivity at the same time.
What is an IP PBX System?
While a PBX system can help you connect to a range of networks around the world, an IP PBX system goes a step further and allows you to enjoy a range of other benefits. To begin with, an IP PBX system not only allows you to send audio, but you can also choose to send video and instant messages with it as well.
Since an IP PBX system makes use of online internet protocols, it lets you connect to your audiences with a range of devices including VOIP, mobile devices, standard phones and even with services like Google Talk and Skype.
Benefits of an IP PBX System
The IP PBX solutions enhance your business’s productivity by all means. It provides a stable mode of communication for executives, vendors and other professionals, irrespective of the location they are in. This provides uninterrupted connectivity and boosts your productivity.
Eliminates phone wiring
Unlike standard phones, IP PBX system eliminates the hassles of phone wiring as it allows you to connect to the hardware IP phones directly through a standard computer network port. Further, software phones can be installed directly on the PC.
While adding more extensions and lines will translate to expensive hardware modules, a lot of wiring and unlimited hassles. This all is taken care of by IP PBX systems which are easy to expand. You can easily add or remove the systems by using a standard computer. If you need to add more phones, you just need to expand the network and you are done.
Allow roaming and hot desking
Hot desking is a process by which you can easily move your phone from one office desk to other. This was not possible with the traditional PBX systems which need new extensions for the new location. However, with IP PBX, you just need to move the phone to a new desk.
What’s more? IP PBX systems can roam with you as well. If an employee of yours is working from the house, they simply need to use their SIP software phone to be able to answer calls to their extension. This way you can divert the calls to anywhere in the world.
Easier to install and configure
When compared to a traditional phone system, an IP PBX system is easier to install and use. This is because such a system runs on a computer through a software and anyone with little technical know-how can manage to run it.
Further, such a system can be easily managed via web-based configuration interface. Thus, you get to fine-tune and maintain your phone system on the go without any hassles.
IP PBX Benefits of SIPTEL Telephony
Provide a quick makeover to the way communication is being done at your organization with SIPTEL. Featuring the best cloud-based communication products and solutions, we transform how businesses collaborate and communicate, thus enabling them to connect easily with their employees, clients, customers and other stakeholders globally. Enhance your overall business experience with us!
The IP PBX solutions provided by SIPTEL are compatible with all major service providers including the likes of Starhub, Singtel, M1, and others. Add to that, our solutions are easy to connect to the SIP Trunking, Central Office lines and so on.
Experience the seamless connectivity with our carrier-grade hardware that provides you with mission =-critical SLA. Not only this, but our services come equipped with proactive service monitoring and round the cloud support.
Range of features
Our IP PBX systems come fully equipped with a range of features including long distance and local calling services, voice and data access, voicemails, VOIP telephone handsets, and others.
Secure a business number that works fine irrespective of the service provider you choose to go with. Thus, you are not locked in with a broadband contract, at any point in time.


The European projects ESSENSE and SHELD-ON (Smart Habitat for the elderly)are generating synergies due to a common objective: to facilitate a safer, more comfortable and accessible life for the elderly. ESSENSE was presented at the first conference held in Riga 2018. Since then a project description about ESSENSE was published in the First SHELD-ON conference meeting Proceedings Book. You can find the book here. ESSENSE is described on pages 44-46.
SHELD-ON is financed by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). This organisation is a research network that offers an open space for collaboration among scientists across Europe. SHELD-ON provide impetus to research advancements and innovation. The project aims to foster knowledge exchange and the development of a joint research agenda in terms of design and development of multifunctional indoor environments. The goal is to meet the requirements of Europe’s ageing population while promoting healthy and safe ageing. Thanks to the Sheldon team for your contributions in our project.


PLASTICS, PAINTS & COATINGS TESTING SOLAR SIMULATOR • MODEL16S 150 003
- Solar Simulator
The single output of the 16S Solar Simulator produces solar UV radiation in the range of 290 to 400 nm or full spectrum sunlight. It can output 1 years worth of UV in about 5 days, depending on spot size, providing rapid aging results. The Model 16S 150 accurately replicate the sun’s UV and meet [...]
The 16S Solar Simulator is a turn key fade testing and materials testing light source for plastics, paints, coatings, inks, dyes, vinyls and fabrics testing.
A sampling of some of the most popular materials tested can be seen here.


Prof. Sami Haddadin
Sami Haddadin is Director of the Munich School of Robotics and Machine Intelligence at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and holds
the Chair of Robotics and Systems Intelligence. Prior to that he was Chair of the Institute of Automatic Control at Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Universität Hannover and held various positions as a researcher at DLR. He holds degrees in electrical engineering, computer science and technology
management from the Technical University of Munich and the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He received his PhD with summa cum laude from
RWTH Aachen University. His research interests include robot design and control, robot learning, collective intelligence, safe human-robot interaction,
human neuromechanics, and intelligent prosthetics. He has published more than 200 scientific articles in international journals and conferences.
He has received numerous national and international awards for his scientific work, including the IEEE Early Career Award, the RSS Early Career
Spotlight, the German Future Prize of the Federal President and the Leibniz Prize. He is a member of the national academy of science and engineering,
the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Commission and he is Chairman of the Bavarian AI-Council .
Title of talk:
Robots that learn and interact safely human environments
Enabling robots for safe interaction with humans and unknown environments while learning during these interactions has been one of the primary
goals of robotics research over decades. Recently significant leaps forward, including also breakthroughs in direct human-robot collaboration,
were made in particular in industrial robotics. Interactive and connected robot assistants are already able to follow Asimov’s first law – safely
interact with the human. However; the major challenges still remain in equipping robots with capabilities of autonomous learning of physical human-robot
interaction, continuously developing new skills and acting safely under any unknown situation. Specifically, human-centered robot design, tactile control
and physics grounded machine learning algorithms allow robots to acquire new capabilities and skills. This technology will transform traditional
manufacturing as we know it today, and start becoming relevant to professional service and domestic applications. Also, in the recent Corona crisis
it became clear how much tactile robotics technology could support our societal and health needs, as underlined by several applications I will showcase.


Collections: Dawn of the Electrical Age (1600-1800)
Scintillating tubes were a popular form of electric entertainment throughout the 18th and even 19th centuries. A line of small foil diamonds or discs spiraling down a hand-blown glass tube, with only a small space separating the pieces. A dramatic electric display of sparkling light is created when a static charge is applied to the brass ball finial atop the tube - the charge spirals down the path of tin-foil diamonds, creating a bright spark at the union of each piece.
Shown: Assortment of scintillating tubes and globe. c. q1 19th century« Return to Collection


1. The Instrument to measure relative humidity?
2. An Instrument to compare the luminous intensity of the sources of light?
3. The Instrument to measure the angular distances between two objects?
4. The apparatus used for measuring blood pressure?
5. A small device used to amplify current and perform the functions usually carried out by thermionic valve?
6. An adjustable scale to measure the small sub divisions?
7. A thermometer which measures very high temperatures?
8. The Instrument which measure heat radiation?
Ans: Radio micrometer.
9. The Instrument which determines the concentration of salt solutions?
10. The Instrument which creates three dimensional images body tissues?
Ans: CAT Scanner
11. A Device which measures density?


USB to RS232 converter
Why build my own USB to RS232 converter when there are adapters already available from many suppler?
The Answer is simple:
Neither the strand "USB to RS232 converter" actually worked *properly* with all the devices I tried. But, They did not seem to support ALL the RS232 lines.
The USB to RS232 converter using the FT8U232AM and a Maxim-IC MAX235
The FT8U232AM requires a small number of external components to produce a device that converts USB to TTL level RS232 signals. All you need to add is a TTL to RS232 converter to provide the 12V RS232 logic levels.
The FT8U232AM and supporting components is also available as a complete module - called a USBMOD1 - in a 32pin DIL IC package, making the whole project very easy to build.
Distributor information for the USBMOD1 is mentioned later.
The photo of finished Adapter:
กด Vero board
กด DB9 male socket
กด 2 x 100ohm resistors
กด 1uF Electrolytic Capacitor (16VW or higher).
กด 3mm RED LED
กด 3mm GREEN LED
กด MAX235 Integrated Circuit
กด USBMOD1 Hybrid Module
Window device driver:
Linux Device driver:


Epson EB-U42 WUXGA 3LCD Projector
WIDEN YOUR VIEW. STRETCH YOUR DOLLAR.
Ideal for the meeting and huddle rooms, the affordable Epson EB-U42 projector is a multi-functional, packed with features and the perfect choice to present true-to-life images. Captivating presentations are now possible with stunning colour and white brightness of up to 3,600 lumens to ensure crystal clear images. The intuitive home screen puts all commonly used functions together for easy selection. With your convenience in mind, Epson allows you to project your content wirelessly from compatible smart devices without any software installation.
- White and Colour Brightness at 3,600lm
- More than Full HD (WUXGA)
- Built-in Wi-Fi
- 2 x HDMI / MHL-enabled
- 10,000 hours lamp life in eco-mode
- HWM Tech Awards 2018 Editor's Choice


Speed Test is the best tool for Internet connection speed measurements. This platform provides you accurate and reliable engine for your network diagnosis. The engine first selects the best server for you to achieve the best possible results.
After start (power) button is clicked, the ping to remote server is checked. Ping is very important factor for connection quality and tells you how fast the network react for your query. Ping result is provided in ms (miliseconds) and the lower value is better. Then download and upload speeds are measured. The results tells you how fast you can get or send a data to the Internet, respectively. The values are presented in Mbps (mega bits per second) and the higher value is better.
This Internet Speed Test uses native HTML5 technology. You don't need any additional plugins like Flash or Java.
First of all - check if nothing is using your Internet connection before test!
Before starting the test, make sure you are close enough to the wireless router if you use any. If your connection speed should be above 20 Mbps, please connect to the network via cable if you use WiFi. And finally - check if your power scheme is set to full performance if you have not so fast hardware.
We are a team of professionals, who has been developing internet monitoring software for over 10 years. Our solutions are certified by European Rregulator for Electronic Communication (Poland). Our applications are used by such global concerns as: Siemens, Orange, T-Mobile, Jeronimo Martins and many others.


- 2-in-1 Dual Mode Design: Polymax is a wireless charger with 2 additional USB-A ports. You can charge 3 devices at once, one of the fast wireless charger side and two other devices at the USB charging station side. Total 26W output, both USB ports can deliver up to 2.4A current （3.5A max for both if you use them together), capable of supporting any device you have.
- Dedicated Fast Wireless Charger Adapter: Unlike other wireless chargers, Seenda ICH-57 comes with its own power adapter (charging block), so you don't need to make an additional purchase and will be assured to receive the optimal power output we tailored for fast charging. You can start using straight out of the box.
- Tripple Protection for User Safety: In addition to regular safety measures of smart USB chargers, Seenda charger also implements a smart chip to regulate current & voltage in the safe range, and automatically cut off power if the temperature exceeds 175 Fahrenheit. The bottom design is also excellent for heat dissipation.
- Fit almost Anywhere & Any Device: This charger is 0.86 x 6.3 x 3.0 inches in dimension. You can travel with it, put it on a nightstand or a working desk. You can really charge any device, ICH-57 is not just a great wireless charger for iPhone X, 8, Samsung, Note 8, Note 9, it is also a multiport USB charger which is able to efficiently charge iPad Pro. Fit almost Anywhere & Any Device: This charger is 0.86 x 6.3 x 3.0 inches in dimension. You can travel with it, put it on a nightstand or a work
PolyMax, Dual Mode Wireless Charger + 2 USB Ports
Package Dimensions 7.6 x 5.8 x 1.2 inches Item Weight 10.7 ounces Shipping Weight 10.7 ounces


LDRs are resistors whose resistance varies with incident light level. They might be in around 1M in absolute darkness or less than 100ohm in full sunlight. Different makes of LDR have different characteristics (different resistances at any given light intensity) and tolerances are fairly poor (meaning that two identical devices in the same light are likely to have significantly different resistance). For example part 58-0134 from Rapid electronics specifies a resistance between 2 and 4K at 100 Lux. So 2:1 variation is within manufacturing tolerances.
The simplest way to use an LDR as a train detecting sensor is to mount it between the tracks, either between the sleepers in larger scales, or replacing a sleeper in the smaller scales. Connect one wire to 5V and the other to both a resistor to ground and also to an input pin. In this way they can connect directly to CTI, MERG, QTU or CMOS inputs. The voltage on the input will vary with light so you need to choose a resistor so that the voltage is low (< 1.5V) when a train is present and high (> 3.5V) otherwise. This system is very sensitive to ambient lighting levels and lighting directions but can be used fairly successfully for fixed layouts in rooms with no natural light. Note that the signal connected to the input pin is 'active low' meaning that a low is seen when a train is present. Using a convention of active low signals is convenient because many devices operate in this way. For example a switch from input pin to ground is the same (low when switched on). Also the output from an IRDOT infra-red detector module is similarly active low.
A more reliable mechanism is shown here. R1 is a reference LDR mounted somewhere that is never obscured by a train. R2 to R5 are LDRs mounted between the tracks to detect trains. The value of R8 to R11 should be chosen to be approximately equal to the LDR resistance in your 'average' lighting levels. R6 and R7 should add up to roughly the same value and R6 should be roughly half that of R7. My LDRs are roughly 1K in artificial light, so I chose 330ohm and 680ohm. We now have a reference voltage from between R6 & R7 that varies with ambient lighting, but is a 30% lower voltage than directly on the LDR.
The voltage from each of the other LDRs is compared with this reference voltage. If an LDR is obscured its resistance should at least double so its output voltage should drop below the reference. When this happens the op-amp20 NBov output will go low. This circuit will function reliably in a very wide range of lighting conditions from near darkness to direct sunlight. The only way to fool it is if your layout is partially in direct light and partially shaded. The components that this uses for four circuits over and above that used by the simple circuit is one IC, one extra LDR and two resistors. If connected to a QTU or MERG RPC SRI4 module it can be powered from the pins of the same connector as our outputs are connected to.
I have recently received an email query from someone who wanted to use lots of LDRs on each track section, about 15cm (6") apart. This seems like an excellent idea because LDRs are so cheap and easy to install and wire up. Having so many means that just about any item of rolling stock would be detected wherever it is.
My response to this query (that I couldn't send because of a '550 Unknown user' error) was to connect several LDRs in series and connect to a single input (whether to an amplifier or to the computer). Normally LDRs are low resistance on a model railway because they are all illuminated by the room lights. When any one is obscured by a wagon for example it's resistance will go much higher, and therefore the resistance of several LDRs in series would get much higher, thus triggering the input.
Just make sure that the resistor that connects the chain of LDRs to ground (or supply) is several times (3-10) higher than the resistance of the whole chain of LDRs when in the lowest normal illumination (sun down, room lights on).
I see no reason why you couldn't have a dozen or more LDRs in series on a single input.
Last updated 20 Nov 2013


Mini Permanent Machine Kit Black
- Total supply:
The date of payment from buyers deliver within days
Browse the number:
1pcs power supply
1pcs makeup pen along with wire
1pcs foot pedal
1pcs adapter plug
Item Type: Tattoo Power Supply
Optional Colors: Blue, Red, Black, White
Rated Input voltage: 110-240V
Input Voltage Range: 90-265V
Output Voltage: 0-18V
Power Cord Length: 120cm / 47.2inch
Item Size: Approx. 7 x 2.5 x 8cm / 2.8 x 1 x 3.1inch
Package Weight: Approx. 191g
Metal housing, beautiful appearance and excellent workmanship.
Built-in converter(110V-220V) for universal use.
Precise voltage setting, convenient and safe to use.
Suitable for any types of tattoo machines.
Small size and light weight, easy to carry.


Nikon just announced firmware version 1.10 for the D850, D5600, and D7500 DSLRs. One of the primary improvements is something some photographers have been asking for for years: direct Wi-Fi connections to the cameras from smartphones and tablets.
Time-lapse photographer Gunther Wegner penned an open letter to Nikon back in 2017 to ask for direct Wi-Fi connections:
Technically, the standard Wi-Fi interface is also available in your new cameras with SnapBridge, and in principle it even would work with our specialized apps. Unfortunately, currently the cameras switch it off after a short time, as soon as the user switches from the SnapBridge app to another one. Thus, the only thing missing for us in your new cameras is the possibility to manually turn on WiFi via the menu independently of the SnapBridge App!
This is my modest request: Please give us back the possibility to use Wi-Fi independently of SnapBridge! We would be really happy if you could provide a firmware update for the Nikon D500, D5600 and D7500 and a corresponding implementation in all upcoming cameras. The timelapse community and all others who depend on an open Wi-Fi implementation will continue to be faithful users of your cameras in the future!
With firmware v1.10, the D850, D5600, and D7500 allow smart devices to connect to it through a new menu option called Establish Wi-Fi connection.
This means that these cameras can finally be reliably controlled using third-party apps such as qDslrdashboard, ShutterSnitch, and ControlMyCamera — functionality that already is supported by cameras such as the Z6/Z7.
For the D850, Nikon has also improved autofocusing for certain AF points. The update note states: “The camera sometimes had trouble focusing on subjects in the focus points at the edges of the frame.”


AIR for Bluetooth Low Energy
Anaren offers a range of low power RF transceiver modules for wireless solutions developers worldwide that leverage Texas Instruments silicon and extensive suite of software development tools. Anaren AIR modules offer the best performance-to-size ratio in the industry. Based on the Texas Instruments CC2541 chipset, our Bluetooth Low Energy modules allow customers to easily add BLE connectivity to their products. Harnessing elite processing and memory while fitting on a tiny footprint, these modules provide the best design flexibility available. On top of that, these modules are 100% radio frequency tested in production and are FCC/IC certified, saving you from those expensive costs and fast-tracking you towards deployment.
The A2541x24* is a high-performance radio module that incorporates the Texas Instruments CC2541 SOC, either with a CC2590 Range Extender (A2541E24x) or without a range extender (A2541R24x). Pre-certified to FCC/IC, this module also includes either an integral antenna (24A) or a connector (24C) that accepts a U.FL monopole antenna, all in one of the industry’s smallest package: 11x19x2.5mm.
* The commodity classification for the A2541R24x10 and A2541R24x20 modules is: 5A992a per CCATS G152766. This is a non-restrictive classification, requiring a license for only Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria.
- 2.4-GHz RF transceiver incorporating Bluetooth Smart technology
- Excellent receiver sensitivity and robustness to interference (-92dBm average in HGM mode with <1% PER)
- Programmable output power up to +8dBm
- Supports data rates up to 2 Mbps
- Wide input voltage range (2.0V – 3.6V)
- Available in tape and reel and matrix tray
- Module weight approximately 0.7 grams
- Current consumption: (Typ @ TC = 25°C, VDD = 3.0V)
- Active mode RX (CPU Idle): 23 mA
- Active mode TX (CPU Idle): 38 mA @7.5dBm, with
- 3 low power/sleep modes from 0.5uA to 270 uA
- High-performance and low-power 8051
- Microcontroller core with code prefetch
- 256KB in-system programmable flash and 8KB RAM with retention in all power modes
For features and specifications of each module and development board, view that product's documentation.
- 100% RF tested in production for repeatable performance
- Minimal RF and protocol experience necessary
- Only requires a two-layer host PCB implementation
- No additional harmonic filtering required
- No regulatory intentional radiator testing required
- FCC 15.247, IC RSS-210, and IC RSS-Gen certified
- RoHS compliant
- Available in packaging of 36-piece matrix trays or 500 piece tape and reel for high-volume automated manufacturing
- No additional DC decoupling required
- Accurate digital RSSI support
- Industrial controls and monitoring
- Remote controls
- Home and building automation
- Lighting systems
- Low power wireless sensor networks
- Health and wellness
- Sports monitoring
- Consumer electronics
AIR Certification Requirements Guide
Looking to integrate AIR modules into your product? View our guide on ETSI requirements to ensure you meet all certification needs.
Scroll horizontally to see the rest of the table data.
|Part No.||Order||Documents||Frequency (GHz)||Size (In/mm)||Use||Antenna Type||Regulatory Approval||Packaging (qty)||Additional Functon(s)|
|A2541E24A||Buy|| ||2.4 - 2.4835||11 x 19 mm||Production||Integral||FCC, IC, and other global locations||Reel (500), Tray (27)||Range Extender|
|A2541E24C||Buy|| ||2.4 - 2.4835||11 x 19 mm||Production||Connector||FCC, IC, and other global locations||Reel (500), Tray (27)||Range Extender|
|A2541R24A||Buy|| ||2.4 - 2.4835||11 x 19 mm||Production||Integrated||FCC, IC, and other global locations||Reel (500), Tray (27)||(No Range Extender)|
|A2541R24C||Buy|| ||2.4 - 2.4835||11 x 19 mm||Production||Connector||FCC, IC, and other global locations||Reel (500), Tray (27)||(No Range Extender)|
Select an option to view additional wireless transceivers in the AIR family of products.


You will be given a username and password so you can log on to the wireless network at Østfold University College or Fagskolen i Viken, which provides the broadband network.
All rooms have a cabled network socket.
We recommend that you bring your own network cable so you can connect to the internet before you have been given a username and password for the wireless network. You may want to bring your own router to use in your private room.
You can buy a network cable from the SiØ bookshop.
IT Operations accepts the temporary use of private wireless access points on the condition that these use channels 1, 6 or 11 in the 2.4Ghz band (IEEE 802111g) or any channel in the 5Ghz band.
If you use other channels, you will weaken the Eduroam wireless network.
If you are experiencing network problems, please try the following:
1. Check your device works in your unit
2. Check if your device works in your neighbour’s unit
3. Check your neighbour’s device is working in their unit
4. Check if your neighbour’s device works in your unit
If at least one device works in each unit, then the problem lies not with the network and the user must check their own device for errors.
If the problem persists, contact the University college’s IT Help services


MARS ORBIT INSERTION PHASE PLAN
The Mars Orbit Insertion Phase corresponds with the MOI Moratorium during which changes to the Ground and Space Segments are kept to a minimum while the team focuses on safely entering a capture orbit at Mars. The Moratorium and all events occurring within this phase are driven by the fact that MOI is a critical event that must occur at a given time for the mission to be successful. The phase targets the capture orbit from the interplanetary cruise, lasting approximately 30 days, with the burn itself lasting approximately 28 minutes. TCM-5 and TCM-6 are performed or waived off depending on NAV predictions of entering the B-Plane Corridor. Mars Orbit Insertion burn parameters are determined during the Cruise Phase, reviewed, and locked down in the flight operations system three months before the MOI execution. The MOI sequence, as well as a number of pre-planned contingency burns that will be used if the spacecraft isn’t in a safe capture orbit after the completion of the MOI burn, will be loaded to the spacecraft eight days prior to the MOI burn. If TCM-6 is performed, the team collects tracking data and spacecraft telemetry necessary to determine when and where the spacecraft will intercept the B-Plane.
The final parameter for the MOI sequence (absolute time of the burn start) is then confirmed and uploaded four days before the execution of the MOI burn. As MOI is an EMM critical event, near-continuous ground station coverage is scheduled as the MOI burn approaches, with frequent DDOR measurements in the month prior to the burn. The phase itself is broken into two sub-phases: The Approach Sub-Phase and the Insertion Sub-Phase. This is done for the purposes of communicating with the DSN and the other 2020 Mars missions as to the criticality of establishing communications in these periods. The start of the Approach Sub-Phase corresponds with the start of the MOI Phase. The start of Insertion Sub-Phase starts one week prior to MOI and lasts until the end of the MOI Phase.


The “not-ordinary bulb”, as title say, typical glass and metal bulb with electronic inside. Powered from miniature AC-DC converter – i have used that one from 230-5V USB chargers – it has enough power (about 500mA) for few RGB leds. Next is Attiny13 (SOIC8 package) based RGB driver, it not only can change colors, but has 3 modes and an automatic color and mode saving to eeprom memory – so after power up you always will see last seen mode and color.
1 – rgb smooth color changing
2 – constant color from stopped mode 1
3 – white color, max power
So, how the control is done, this is closed bulb with no button… To change mode, simply turn it off for a short time, and the turn in back on. Mode changed. In other words, device is powered trough 1N1448 diode and a 220uF capacitor, so after power is off, it can work for about 2 seconds. On one of the pins there is a power-off circuit detection, 1N1448 diode and a 1K ohm resistor allow to rapidly detect power-off. And when it is detected, program starts to count 1 second, after that it check if power is back – if so, it change mode and save it to eeprom memory – if not… well, it drains rest of current from capacitor and program dies. RGB controlling is done by software PWM (attiny13 have only two hardware PWM’s). With 4.8MHz clock, 18.750 interrupts per second from Timer0 gives refreshing at 73.24 per second with 256 bit PWM resolution. I have used the RGB SuperFlux LED’s, current of each one emitter is about 20mA, so in 3rd mode (with 5 leds) it drains up to 300mA. Remember to choose proper current limiting resistors, and note that red emitters have the same current with lower voltage. Transistors are standard NPN’s, each one should have at least 100mA current output. DO NOT suggest AC-DC converter part of schematic, as it can be wrong – simply adapt your own 5V charger. Program written in bascom, pcb dimensions are 20mm x 45mm, it barely fits into the bulb thread, so take a look at converter transformer if it’s not too big.
DOWNLOAD – eagle 5.4.0 project files, schematic and pcb PDF’s, BAS source, HEX firmware.
[flashvideo file=”http://www.mm.pl/~kisiel-ket/diy.elektroda.eu.video.server/bulb.mp4″ image=”http://mdiy.pl/wp-content/uploads/video_images/bulb.jpg” /]


After the kickoff at Grand Valley State University, we met as a team to discuss strategy and key requirements for our robot. Some key points:
- We wanted to have a functional basketball-shooter, rather than play defense.
- Our primary method of crossing the court would be running the bump, rather than using the bridges.
- We wanted a wide robot, rather than a long one, so we could potentially fit three to a bridge for maximum points.
- We wanted to be able to balance the bridge, using a device that would help balance the robot as well as feed balls.
The resulting robot was tentatively named Nado II.
We split into sub-teams, who worked on different parts of the robot. The main teams were for the chassis, loader, shooter, and bridge-tipper. All of the teams made CAD drawings and built simple prototypes out of wood before work on the final robot began.
The wooden chassis model, with the six-wheel design we chose.
Building the launcher prototype.
More assembly of the robot prototype.
Once the prototypes were finalized, work on the robot proper could begin.
Assembling the metal chassis.
The early frame, completed.
Assembling the wires and motors before final assembly.
Bumpers are robot parts, too!
Soon, we were able to begin assembling the various parts.
Working to assemble the final robot.
The “firing tower” added to the base.
Adding wires and motors to the completed frame.
Wire work continues.
So many wires, so little time.
A close-up of our diligent electrical workers.
Meanwhile in the shop…
Assembling the launcher mechanism.
We need bumpers, too!


Energy Storage for Passenger Vehicles
A123 has extensive experience in designing and manufacturing advanced automotive lithium ion battery systems in an efficient package to enable the styling and performance expected from passenger vehicles. We’ve developed battery systems for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that meet and exceed rigorous automotive performance standards of major global automakers.
From custom solutions to off-the-shelf systems, A123 has the proven technology and extensive applications integration expertise to bring your application from conception to commercialization.
High-Performance Lithium Ion Battery Technology
A123’s breakthrough Nanophosphate® technology delivers high power and energy density combined with excellent safety performance and extensive cycle life. Our products have low capacity loss and impedance growth over time, allowing our systems to meet end-of-life power and energy requirements with minimal pack oversizing. A123’s automotive battery systems meet the demanding performance requirements of passenger vehicles while offering lower system lifecycle costs.
Minimal pack oversizing and wide SOC (State of Charge) operating window means you get more from the battery:
Greater battery utilization = Superior price performance
- High Power: Higher charge and discharge rates for better performance and efficiency
- Higher Usable Energy: Wide SOC (state of charge) range enables greater battery utilization
- Extended Cycle Life: Long battery life for more than a million micro-cycles and thousands of 100% DOD (depth of discharge) cycles
- Excellent Safety: Superior abuse tolerance compared to metal oxide lithium ion chemistries
Select Passenger Vehicle Customers:
|Axeon (systems integrator)
||PHEV sedan for a European automaker |
||ActiveHybrid 3 HEV |
ActiveHybrid 5 HEV
|Delphi (systems integrator)
||SAIC Roewe 750 HEV|
||Karma PHEV sedan|
||Chevrolet Spark EV|
||Starter battery on MP4-12C |
|Shanghai Automotive (SAIC)
||Roewe 550 PHEV |
Roewe E50 EV


GIST scientists advance voice pathology detection via adversarial continual learning
Dina Katabi, principal investigator for AI and health at the MIT Jameel Clinic, and Hong Kook Kim, professor at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) co-led a project to develop an adversarial task adaptive training approach that improves performance of a voice pathology detection (VPD) model by more than 15%, compared to the ResNet50 model. The development enables early and accurate diagnosis of voice-related disorders.
Hong states, “Our partnership with MIT has been instrumental in this success, facilitating ongoing exploration of contrastive learning. The collaboration is more than a mere partnership; it’s a fusion of minds and technologies that strive to reshape not only medical applications but various domains requiring intelligent, adaptive solutions.”