SciStarter and partners are joining forces to enable science enthusiasts, educators, students and people from all walks of life, to participate in cutting-edge research projects and contribute to scientific discovery. If you're interested in partnering with SciStarter to connect your audience with hundreds of citizen science opportunities and communities, contact us at email@example.com.
SciStarter is teaming up scientists at the University of California, Davis, and our sister site, Science Cheerleader, for Project MERCCURI an investigation of how microbes found in buildings on Earth compare to those on board the biggest building ever built in space – the International Space Station (ISS). Project MERCURRI provides an opportunity for citizen scientists to participate in research by collecting microbes from surface areas in buildings, cell phones, and shoes. The project was one of eight competitively selected in late November 2012 in the ISS Research Competition sponsored by Space Florida and NanoRacks LLC. Project MERCCURI and the 7 other winning experiment teams will have their experiments flown and executed onboard the ISS in February, 2014. Our experiment will compare growth rates of 40 microbial samples selected among thousands collected. Learn more by watching this brief clip on Inside Science or this fun clip from the Today Show.
The Pulse is WHYY's one-hour, weekly radio program focused on stories at the heart of health, science and innovation in the Philadelphia region. The stories are told from ground level, where issues hit home with patients, providers, researchers and families. SciStarter will work with the Pulse team to chronicle engaging opportunities and successes in the local citizen science field. Listen to the Pulse every Friday at 9 a.m. on 90.9 FM or visit whyy.org/thepulse for the latest stories.
SciStarter is teaming up with DISCOVER Magazine to present Your Research Mission, a dynamic project showcase. Each week, DiscoverMagazine.com will feature curated citizen science tasks, ranging from analyzing distant galaxies to monitoring frog, firefly and whale populations, to detecting home and body microbiomes. “This partnership moves DISCOVER into the fast-growing realm of citizen science,” says Corey S. Powell, Editor in Chief of DISCOVER magazine. “Our readers tell us they’re eager to help study and explore the world, but it can be difficult for them to know where to begin. Now we’ll be offering projects vetted, sorted and aggregated by SciStarter to our two million monthly online visitors.” Researchers and team leaders who want their project featured on Discover's website can submit it to the SciStarter.com Project Finder for consideration by the SciStarter editors.
SciStarter is teaming up the National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) to present a dynamic citizen science project showcase appropriate for elementary, middle, high school, and college level participants. Beginning in October 2012, select SciStarter projects will be featured on the NSTA website each day and shared with teachers through newsletters, blogs and social media. “With this partnership, NSTA equips teachers and their students to contribute to real science research,” says Gerry Wheeler, Interim Executive Director. “Our members are looking for authentic science to help study and explore the world."
November 2012- January 2013 Scistarter, in partnership with Instructables and Discover Magazine, invites the public to come up with solutions to the challenges faced by citizen scientists, researchers and project organizers. The goal of this "Citizen Science Contest" is to enhance the citizen science experience by coming up with solutions to some real annoyances: stop critters from eating sunflowers planted to observe pollinating bees; help remind volunteers to reset rain gauges and report measurements; or, dream up your a home-based research project that involves public participation to advance a field of scientific research. Participants have a chance to win a variety of prizes, including a Celestron Telescope and being ublished in an issue of Discover Magazine. Citizen Science project organizers are invited to post their own challenges on their SciStarter Project Page.
In December 2012, the Public Library of Science (PLoS) launched a new blog, aptly titled, “Citizen Sci." Each week, contributors from the SciStarter team will blog about the projects, people, and perspectives fueling new frontiers for citizen science.
SciStarter and Science Cheerleader are teaming up to mentor kids, including 100,000 youth Pop Warner Little Scholar cheerleaders, and get people from all walks of life involved in citizen science projects. At Science Cheerleader outreach events, we select from over 500 curated science projects to match audience interests. The Science Cheerleaders also perform professionally choreographed, science-themed routines and cheers tied to science!. For example, the Science Cheerleaders have led science cheers to teach people about geology and seismic activities using a super sensitive sensor from the U.S. Geological Survey. Participants are then networked into a long-term citizen science project at the USGS.
Changing Planet is a series of three, televised town hall meetings, hosted by Tom Brokaw and Anne Thompson of NBC News, that explores the impact of climate change on our planet. The series encourages open dialogue about climate change by gathering scientists, thought leaders, business people to brainstorm solutions and even get involved in real research through citizen science projects on SciStarter. Changing Planet was produced by Discover Magazine and NBC Learn in conjunction with the National Science Foundation, Planet Forward and SciStarter.


Machine Vision. IIoT. Reliability.
Prepare. Prevent. React. Respond. Understand. Your business can be managed automatically through collabrative sensor technology.
Zipp3D has an edge when it comes to end-to-end machine vision integration. Our talent and teaming applies decades of experience with advanced software development, interoperability integration, security/reliability, and streamlined IIoT communication. We develop algorithms to enhance and give reach to the many current out-of-the-box solutions that currently exist.
Solutions for machine vision are not created by relying entirely upon off-the-shelf components. The right camera, lighting, software, and a creative genius or two are needed to make it all work.
By partnering with the right integrators and utilizing systems engineering practices we focus on providing the right solution for the customers immediate needs and long term goals.
- Line Scan
- Robotic Integration
- Robotic guidance
- Color Inspection
- Quality Control Inspection
- Label Inspection
- Defect Rejection Gate
- PLC SCADA Logic Integration
- 3D Inspection
- Area Scan
- Precision Measurement
- Sorting, Counting, Identification, Part tracking
- Upstream IIoT component communication
- SCADA User Interface
- System fabrication & Design
- Optimization Integration
- Optical Character Recognition
- Augmented Reality Design, Architecture, and Communication


The Enterprise Neurosystem has a charter to provide sensor networks, AI models and software applications, IT and communications infrastructure, and a higher order AI cross-correlation engine in a single global architecture to help monitor and manage climate change events. We provide our software free of charge , and have a five year development roadmap to fully deploy and support this infrastructure.
In essence, we are technology builders with a singular focus
We anticipate deploying hundreds of non-intrusive sensor networks across a multitude of species in nature. This includes forests and fungi, ant colonies, beehives, mussels, birds, kelp, coral reefs, and various mammal and plant species that can be monitored for real-time climate impact and predictive analysis. When integrated with sensors like satellites, atmospheric and water quality indicators, underground monitoring and other systems, a comprehensive multi-layered neurology for the planet is formed. One that allows deeper analysis of climate change patterns, leads to new discoveries and corrective actions, and fosters a deeper understanding of humanity’s role in the preservation of our environment.
Our projects include:
Donated by IBM, the Enterprise Neurosystem provides access to AI software analyzing acoustic variance and predictabilities. Enterprise Neurosystem participants use this across varying projects. Surprisingly, the EN Team discovered that Bee wing frequencies inside of hives closely resemble wave frequency patterns produced by Tokomak Fusion Research at Stanford SLAC.
Managed bee populations are declining rapidly at a rate of 45% per year in the USA alone[J2] , where 20% is the average, and they are considered critical for almonds, blueberries, apples and other crops. And beehives are unique climate sensors – bees generate unique sonic signatures when in distress or planning a migration, pollutants can be captured in honey and propolis, and beehives are located in agricultural areas where methane can be measured, and in rural locations where this analysis is infrequent at best.
In our community, we have a number of scientists who specialize in the management and preservation of bee populations, and AI engineers and hardware designers who are collaborating with this team to deploy a multi-function sensor that detects ultrasonic cues, pollutants in hive materials, and gas level detection. Dennis O’Connell of Yahoo, Ryan Coffee of Stanford SLAC, Leo Hoarty of Vizio AI and Noah Wilson-Rich of The Best Bees Company have been leading this project’s development team. The first version of this sensor has been deployed in urban and rural environments with both mobile network and satellite link access, with a real time data feed and analysis on a mobile phone application. The AI Acoustics beehive software was donated to the community by IBM Research, for free distribution to the world.
Mycorrhizal Network Sensors
These are fungal networks that intertwine with the root systems of plants and trees, to create a symbiotic and mutually supportive network in nature. These systems can extend hundreds of miles beneath a jungle or remote forest. Plants in harsh environments depend on these fungal networks for health and nutrients, and recent discoveries have indicated measured and repeated electrical spike patterns in the fungus that may be akin to morse code, and could potentially represent a form of communication. Thus, the fungus may enable a communications network between plants, and further analysis and interpretation is required. Our sensor team designed an underground monitor and will offer AI models to detect and cross-correlate these electrical pulses, and look for environmental cues that match the pulse patterns.
Mussel Farms and Beds
Mussels are natural sensors in waterways, and are frequently dissected by scientists and health officials to understand water quality, pollution and the presence of toxic bacteria. This is generally conducted in the interest of public health and consumption, but also indicates a strong potential as a local environmental sensor. Scientists have begun development in earnest of robotic mussels that can detect pollutants, oxygen levels, chemical markers and bacteria. The Enterprise Neurosystem is working with a group of mussel scientists in the US and New Zealand to provide AI software and sensors to deploy in the riverways of the world.
Satellite Data Networking
The community has a number of academics and professionals from satellite startups in Chile, Canada and the United States. Subprojects include imagery analysis for ocean pollutants and beach plastics, methane plume analysis, gravimetric of mass change-measurement, and other layers of real-time and historical data that will contribute to the complete data picture of the planet. Coverage ranges from 9×9 meter to 200×200 mile spans across the globe. These projects can provide multi-dimensional, interleaved images of the globe’s health in near real-time.
Catfish and Tilapia Farming
The Enterprise Neurosystem is working with fish farmers in Ghana to help them monitor and manage tilapia and catfish populations, which have been impacted by climate change and other factors. The community is building general purpose sensors and AI software to analyze the environmental conditions and fish populations, and to help optimize these environments for maximum agricultural resiliency. By working directly at the community level, our community can provide immediate assistance for climate events, and help generate a network effect in multiple regions.
Telecommunications networks will represent the primary transmission mode for the sensor data, in addition to satellite communications with more remote areas. Ravi Sinha, VP of Technology Development and Solutions at Reliance Jio (India) leads the research team that includes engineers from Verizon and other telecom firms, working on AI-enhanced 5G and eventually 6G frameworks to enable rapid and reliable data transmission in the most remote regions of the world.
Led by Heiko Ludwig of IBM Research, the Enterprise Neurosystem is studying the latest advances in federated AI frameworks. These frameworks can greatly enhance the collective large-scale architectures that can enable the Enterprise Neurosystem’s cross-correlation capability while maintaining data security and privacy. The team is conducting its first proof of concept utilizing multiple layers of natural and satellite sensor data, within a methodology that allows AI training across decentralized machines while preserving local data and privacy.
Human Brain Communication Networks
Dr. Avniel Ghuman of the University of Pittsburgh Medical School has joined the community, and is known for MEG (Magnetoencephalography) research in the areas of human brain networking, information flow and sensory interpretation. The community is exploring ways to leverage his research and the communication patterns discovered therein – and replicate them in our field architectures, both from an AI and network communications perspective.
Sensor network and AI architecture example
The yellow circles are individual sensor networks, which can have thousands of nodes. They can be associated with the networks indicated above, or in jungles, rivers, fish farms, ant populations, plant species and so on. A first tier of AI analytics software linked to each network will identify patterns in real time data. They will then forward the observed patterns and anomalies to a second level of AI regional analysis, who will begin to apply these findings in a larger data analysis construct. This will eventually lead to countrywide analysis of all sensors in a single AI architecture, and provides a holistic view of the climate change impact on a multitude of species, natural resources and agricultural environments. In turn, this will eventually lead to larger scale AI analysis, to measure the cross-border effects of pollution and climate change on the entire planet.


Reminder: Transit system upgrades may cause real-time information interruptions
As a reminder, Saskatoon Transit is upgrading the onboard Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) in its buses. This upgrade will enhance the delivery of real-time bus information. Riders using mobile and web apps may experience interruptions to real-time bus location information during the upgrade. This will not affect the ability to plan trips as the apps will continue to provide bus schedules and service alerts.
This implementation is on track to be complete in mid-December.
Saskatoon Transit thanks you for your patience while this important upgrade is completed.


In this article I’ll show how to make RGB controller for conventional 12V LED strips (and single powerful RGB leds too). When I say “conventional LED strip” – I mean LED strip where we have common positive lane, and separate R,G,B negative lanes. There is “smart” LED strips also, and, probably, I’ll write another article about them sometime 🙂
This device make on STM32F372 microcontroller, and I use FTDI chip as USB-uart converter. Yes, there is possible to make virtual COM-port on STM32 itself, using its USB interface, but I don’t did it yet. As switching devices I use MOSFETs with “logic” control (it means they have low gate voltage threshold).
Brightness can be controlled from web-page, and from Android-application, and also you can add “time-color” schedule. Last feature is very useful to make your device work as alarm-clock that wakes you up not by sound, but by light. And even if it will be not enough for you to wakeup – it will make wakeup much easier.
Overal schematics is very simple – just connect STM32F372 to FTDI usb-uart chip and add 3 FET’s. LED stripe uses 12V as power source, and board with microcontroller powered with USB (5V).
You can download schematics and board layout in Eagle format here:
Please note – it is very raw at this moment. You probably will want to add sone enhancements in board layout – for example, LED to indicate FTDI RX/TX activity, or SWD programming pins for STM32 (or you car solder wires directly to STM outs – they will needed only one time, for programming). Or, if you don’t want to solder a much – you can use one of these discovery kits.
After soldering, connect common GND (-) of 12V power supply to TP4, and connect LED stripe R,G,B channels to TP1-3, then connect common “+” output of LED stripe to “+” of 12V power supply. AT/ATX supply can be used for this purpose.
You can download project for STM32Cubes here:
You’ll need Keil v5 to edit/compile code.
After you’ll load firmware to STM, connect LED stripe and power STM and LED stripe up, you’ll see that initlally brightness of all channels set to 50%, and it slowly faded to 0%. This will means that microcontroller is functional, and all connections is good. Now you can move to setting up controlling PC.
Software for controlling PC:
Now we have working PWM controller board, but it still needs commands source to change brightness. In this project, I’ve used Raspberry Pi 1 model A + USB WiFi adapter to do this, but there is no special magic in Raspberry Pi 1 – you can use any other computer running Linux to do this.
Our PWM controller board wants to have string with lenght of 9 symbols at input. These symbols are three groups of digits, from 000 to 999 each, representing targed brightness of each channel. But you don’t need to enter this manually, of course – there is software for linux-machine that allows controlling device using web-interface, or cron.
At this moment, controlling software is actually set of php files. You will need working HTTP server + PHP + MySQL on your controlling machine. You can easy find manuals how to set-up it. Here is one example: http://www.penguintutor.com/linux/light-webserver
BTW, don’t forget to set-up static IP address of you controlling PC!
You can download software for PC here: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1blPsoKK5taRHh5TS1mRTFjS00
Installation is very simple – copy contents of archive to you www server document root, create MySQL database (you can check/change database name in file settings.php), and source base.sql file in you new database.
After you do this, you’ll need to grant httpd user rights to access to tty ports. On raspbian (running lighttpd) you can do this with next command:
#sudo usermod -a -G dialout www-data
And don’t forget to add these two lines in /etc/crontab:
* * * * * root php /var/www/html/cron.php
* * * * * root stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 115200
At this point, it should work! Check it by trying to set some color from web-interface. Non-clean color (i.e. non only red, green, or blue) can look different on your screen and on your LED lamp – this because they color profiles are very different, this is not solved in current version of device. You can try to set vary color from your laptop/tablet, and set favor ones in schedule.
Controlling software for this device, and schematics is a little raw for now, yes. For now you need to have one PC per one lamp, this is probably ok, if you have only one lamp, but if you want several of it – this is not very useful. So there is a lots of things to improve, yes. It is far from ideal now, and I’ll try to make more useful versions.
Software for Android device
I’ve wrote simple application for Android, that will allow you to set current color for device manually. It just turns you phone/tablet to remote control.
You can download project for Android Studio here: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1blPsoKK5tabUpoM2E0WDdBTlE
Few words about usage:
-Screen of mobile device virtually divided to three vertical rows. Just put finger somewhere near to left-down corner of screen, swipe up, and release finger. Color of screen should change from initial white to more-or-less intensive red. More pixels scrolled up – more intensive color. To decrease color intensivity, just swipe down. Similar for green and blue, they controlled by center and right rows of screen.
At this version, android software tries to send command to IP 192.168.0.98. You should change it in sources, if you have different IP of your controlling PC, or set this IP as static IP for your controlling PC.


Arduino Lora Shield
The Shield Lora Arduino kit allows you to have a complete turnkey solution for your Arduino projects..
Are you tired of having to look for codes and information on the firmware side to make a simple Lora connection?
With our Arduino Lora shield kit, you finally have a turnkey solution! Everything is provided for you.
Everything is there to be operational in a few minutes!
Advantages Lora Shield
THE MANY ADVANTAGES OF USING A SHIELD.
A complete Lora kit to be operational
Finally a kit combining hardware and software to achieve wireless communication EASILY and QUICKLY
Ease of friendly
setup and use
Connect the board to your Target, click to install the software and… it WORKS in a few minutes! no need to waste time searching the internet for missing information…
Once the connection has been made and validated, take the code and functions provided and… let’s integrate them and make them evolve into a larger project!
Shield Lora Specifications
Programmable bit rate
UP to 300Kbps
Max Transmit Power
Power (Typical Values) 433 MHZ
TX:93mA, RX:12.15mA, Standby:1.6mA
Power (Typical Values) 470 MHZ
tX:97mA, RX:12.15mA, Standby:1.5mA
FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTMand OOK modulation
SHIELD LORA ARDUINO
Find below all the documents necessary to operate your shield.


Dave Schroeder has worked as a technologist in the central IT organization at the University of Wisconsin–Madison since 1995. He is currently an information technology strategist responsible for mobile programs, apps, services, and infrastructure at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He also serves as a Cryptologic Warfare Officer in the United States Navy Information Warfare Community. His expertise includes cyberspace operations (CO) and signals intelligence (SIGINT) policy, systems, and operations. Schroeder holds master’s degrees in Information Warfare and Cybersecurity Policy.


Reliable signal transmissionIsolate, convert, filter, and amplify: our signal conditioners ensure interference-free transmission of your signals.
From highly compact 6 mm signal conditioners and signal conditioners with functional safety to signal isolators for intrinsically safe circuits in the Ex area: our signal conditioner ranges offer a solution for all applications in analog signal conditioning.
- Safe isolation, conditioning, filtering, and amplification with comprehensive solutions for analog signal processing
- Integrate field signals into industrial networks while also benefiting from safe electrical isolation with signal conditioners with a bus and network connection
- Achieve space savings of up to 65% compared to other isolators on the market with the highly compact signal conditioners
- Precise transmission and high operational reliability with signal conditioners with consistent SIL certification
- Maximum explosion protection for all Ex zones and gas groups: with single and two-channel signal isolators for intrinsically safe circuits in the Ex area
- Integrate analog signals easily into the safety chain according to the Machinery Directive: with signal conditioners with performance level


3 minute read
For all of the excitement over the internet of things, business is just starting to realize the full potential of the technology's promise.
The internet of things (IoT), the catchall phrase used to describe the networking capability that allows connected devices to send and receive information, has mushroomed into a critical tool for businesses to differentiate themselves by adding more value to consumers' everyday lives while improving business performance.
For example, connected devices within the home such as refrigerators, home assistants, and doorbells help simplify life through convenience as well as enhance safety. In leisure sports, runners wear chips on their shoes to track their progress in races, and skiers can track their vertical feet skied at Vail Resorts, with the help of scanners in lift lines that read their passes.
In fact, IoT connections are expected to more than double worldwide to 26.9 billion by 2026, up from 12.6 billion last year, according to Ericsson's 2020 Mobility Report. That's a compounded annualized growth rate of 13%.
All the data derived from connected devices will serve as an axis on which IoT will thrive in the coming years.
IoT data delivers significant performance
Businesses of all industries can reap the benefits of IoT by leveraging the vast amounts of data to their advantage. When devices and technology are IoT-enabled, they monitor and measure data in real-time. The payoffs include:
- Innovative and predictive customer insights
- Improved customer experience
- Greater operational efficiency
Data-driven insights create tangible value in the restaurant industry
Restaurants are gaining value from the information they collect to make data-driven predictions. On the customer side, data collection can occur at all customer touchpoints and with any device connected to the cloud, including menu boards, ordering kiosks, and point-of-sale systems.
In the kitchen, IoT enables data capture from cooking equipment, food sensors, and more. For example, our Xenial restaurant technology enables predictive cooking. The product, Xenial Chef, collects data from the point of sale. Then it uses current and historical sales information to indicate how much food to prepare and how to staff workers in the kitchen. This makes it easier to anticipate order volume and be ready to meet customer demand. The system even connects the kitchen ecosystem, including holding pans, broilers, and fryers, monitoring when food was put in them, when a tray came out, and at what time. This insight can help improve food quality and safety measures, avoid food waste, and potentially lower food costs.
In the drive-thru lane, next-generation IoT solutions can help reduce friction in the customer ordering experience. For example, this could look like a car pulling into the drive-thru and being identified by a camera-based timer system, which helps in-store staff know who's waiting in line. An AI-powered voice assistant can take guest orders, while the outdoor menu board automatically suggests items to upsell based on that customers' order, time of day, popular menu items, and even outside temperature. The camera-based timer system could also capture various service time metrics, allowing restaurant operators to understand and improve drive-thru service times and determine the need for line busters. In this way, interconnected IoT devices would work together to help restaurants serve more customers, even faster, with less manual processes involved.
IoT has far-reaching impact
Beyond restaurants, the use cases are many. And the efficiency gains and improved customer experience that IoT promises to deliver are significant.
For example, IoT helps retailers monitor foot traffic to anticipate demand surges and make changes to staff on the fly, reducing operational expense. Enterprise companies use IoT to efficiently adjust temperature controls across vast geographic footprints according to entry and exit times, adjusting their heating and cooling systems and generating big savings.
The future is in IoT data
IoT technology and its uses are maturing. Companies are seeing IoT as an enabling technology and not necessarily a product by itself. Connecting devices to the cloud, and connecting systems together, are key to getting the data needed to realize performance gains. Commerce partners like Global Payments offer innovative end-to-end industry software solutions built for IoT data integration. These solutions simplify systems integration and deliver the critical data needed to make business-enhancing decisions.
For businesses looking to deliver better customer experiences and drive operational improvements, the future for business growth can be found in the data.


A pattern-based test platform for families of smart health products
Pedro Almeida, João Pascoal Faria and Bruno Lima
One of the most critical ICT application domains is healthcare, where a single failure can lead a patient into a hazardous situation. Due to this, there’s a great necessity to ensure that the developed solutions are safe and secure and perform as expected. Smart-Health-4-All (SH4ALL) is a project aiming at accelerating the research, development, commercialization, and dissemination of trustworthy smart health solutions in Portugal. One of the key components of the project is a web platform that supports the generation of integration and system tests for smart health solutions (comprising medical devices, applications, etc.), following a software product line approach. At the domain engineering level, the platform supports the creation of feature models and related test patterns for families of smart health products. At the product engineering level, the platform supports the instantiation of test patterns and the generation of corresponding test scripts ready for execution on specific products under test. This paper presents the aforementioned test platform and test process, and the discovery of test patterns.


Virtual reality (VR) is an advanced technology that allows users to experience computer-generated environments that mimic the real world or create entirely new ones. VR technology typically involves the use of a headset or other device that tracks the user’s movements and provides a fully immersive experience through sight, sound, and touch. This technology is rapidly growing in popularity across a wide range of industries, including gaming, healthcare, education, and even military training.
One of the key advantages of VR technology is its ability to create truly immersive experiences that can be tailored to individual needs and preferences. With VR, users can explore new environments, interact with virtual objects, and engage in complex simulations that would be impossible in the real world. This has led to a surge in interest in VR across many different fields, as researchers and developers seek to harness its potential for everything from entertainment and education to therapy and rehabilitation.
Some of the most popular applications of VR technology include gaming and entertainment, where users can experience immersive, lifelike environments and interact with virtual characters and objects in new and exciting ways. VR has also been used in healthcare and therapy settings, where it can be used to treat phobias, PTSD, and other conditions by exposing patients to simulated environments in a controlled, safe way.
In addition to its use in entertainment and healthcare, VR technology is also being applied in education, where it can provide students with immersive, interactive learning experiences. For example, VR can be used to simulate historical events, scientific phenomena, or engineering concepts in a way that makes them more engaging and memorable for students.
Despite its many advantages, however, VR technology is still in the early stages of development, and there are many challenges that must be overcome before it can become a truly mainstream technology. These challenges include issues with motion sickness, the high cost of hardware, and the need for more sophisticated software and hardware solutions.
Overall, virtual reality technology is a rapidly growing and exciting field that has the potential to transform many different industries and aspects of our lives. As the technology continues to evolve and improve, it is likely that we will see even more innovative and groundbreaking applications of VR in the years to come.


Best And Complete 123 Hp Com Printer Setup Solution
Get instant HP support for all of your needs including 123 HP COM setup help, install setup, download driver, and troubleshooting for all models of HP printers across all platforms Windows, Mac and Smartphone.
123.HP.COM/SETUP PRINTER SUPPORT FROM START
123.HP.COM/SETUP printers are the all-in-one solution for office use also as for home use. If you're using HP printers then you want to remember of the advantages of using such a complicated printer. For the new users who have bought a replacement modern HP printer must need the guidance for setup. fixing the HP printer is extremely simple. Here on this page, you'll get to understand complete information about 123.HP.COM/SETUP.
10 STEPS SIMPLE 123 HP PRINTER SETUP AND INSTALLATION FOR BEGINNERS
Bring out your HP printer from the box first.
Remove all the tapes and packing from it. Check if there are tapes inside that sealing your printer’s parts.
Now connect your printer cord into a working power socket. Press the facility button and your printer will start blinking.
Next, attend the printer’s screen and setup Language, Date, Region then thereon it asks for.
Take the HP Printer original cartridge out of the box. Open the cartridge door and insert each ink within the right place.
If you're confused and don’t skills to insert the ink cartridges then you'll take the assistance of the printer manual.
Close the door and see you'll get the message on the screen.
Now take A4 size printing sheets and put enough sheets within the input tray.
Your printer will align both- sheets and ink cartridges.
Now it'll invite the connection.
Now allow us to proceed towards the network connection of your HP Printer. There are three options from which you'll choose one.
USB Printing Setup
Wireless Network Setup
123.HP.COM/SETUP Connection Setup Using USB Cable
USB cable ports are as long as are wont to plug-in USB Cable or coaxial cable in your computer or network router.
Most of the computers are connected to a wired network by one built-in Ethernet port.
USB or Ethernet cables are different from those that you simply use to attach your phone.
Insert both the port of the USB cable in your printer and another on your computer.
Now follow the on-screen instructions and install the HP printer driver software.
Connection Setup Using Ethernet
First, make sure that you've got an coaxial cable to support your printer model.
When selecting the connection type during the installation, confirm you select Wired Network or Ethernet option.
So now you would like a network router.
A switch or hub with available Ethernet ports is required if the router doesn’t have any free ports.
Connect the Ethernet ports with printer and router.
This will establish the connection between your printer and network router.
Connection Setup Using Wireless Connection
On your printer touch wireless button
The blue light will show that it's ON. Now press Settings on-screen of the printer.
Next, select the Wireless Setup Wizard option and choose Yes.
You need to follow the instructions on the screen.
The printer will detect the available networks of the router.
Select your router from the list and enter the password of the network to attach.
Follow the on-screen instructions and ensure the wireless network connection.
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123.HP.COM/SETUP DRIVER DOWNLOAD
To run your printer and obtain the prints in your output tray you would like to possess drivers and software on your computer. As drivers enable the printing and send the printing command to the printer. Let’s start:
Switch on your printer and therefore the computer.
Now open the browser and attend 123.hp.com/setup.
Choose your OS and find the proper drivers consistent with your printer model.
Click on Download and follow the on-screen instructions to finish the setup.
After the download process is completed you'll see it within the download folder.
Now you would like to put in the HP Printer drivers, but before this ensure printer connected with the pc .
Open the setup enter the Downloads folder then Run the setup.
Now click on Install option and begin installing, follow the on-screen instructions to finish the setup.
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Neon signs have captivated our attention for decades, illuminating city streets and storefronts with their vibrant glow. But have you ever wondered how these mesmerizing signs come to life? The secret lies in the neon signs voltage—a critical factor that brings those enchanting colors to the forefront. This remarkable level of voltage is necessary to energize the neon gas within the signs, causing it to emit that distinctive luminous glow. In this article, we will delve deeper into the fascinating world of neon signs voltage, uncovering the principles behind their electrical magic.
Understanding Neon Signs Voltage
Neon Signs Voltage
LED neon signs voltage refers to the electrical potential difference required to power and operate LED-based neon signs. They are a modern alternative to traditional neon signs, utilizing Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as the light source. Unlike traditional neon signs that rely on ionized neon gas to produce light, LED signs use semiconductor technology to emit light.
One significant difference between LED neon signs and traditional neon signs is the voltage they operate on. Traditional neon signs require high-voltage electrical currents, typically ranging from 2,000 to 15,000 volts, to energize the neon gas within the sign tubes. This high voltage is necessary to initiate the electrical discharge that causes the gas to emit light. In contrast, neon signs operate at much lower voltages. Typically, modern neon signs require voltages ranging from 12 to 24 volts, which are compatible with standard low-voltage power supplies.
The lower voltage requirement of LED neon signs offers several advantages. Firstly, it makes LED signs more energy-efficient compared to traditional neon signs. High-voltage systems used in traditional neon signs can consume significant amounts of electricity, whereas LED neon operate at lower power levels, reducing energy consumption and operating costs.
Secondly, the lower voltage requirement enhances the safety of neon signs. High-voltage systems pose a greater risk of electric shock and fire hazards, while the lower voltages used in neon signs are safer for installation and maintenance. This feature makes LED neon signs more suitable for a variety of indoor and outdoor applications.
Additionally, the lower voltage requirement simplifies the installation process for LED neon. It allows for easier integration with standard electrical systems and enables a wider range of power supply options, including battery-powered or solar-powered setups.
Voltage Requirements for LED Neon Signs
LED neon signs require at least 12V to operate
The voltage requirements for LED neon signs typically range from 12 to 24 volts. This voltage range is compatible with standard low-voltage power supplies commonly used in various applications. The specific voltage required for an LED neon sign depends on factors such as the design, length, and configuration of the sign.
Most LED neon signs operate on a 12-volt DC (direct current) system. This voltage is commonly found in power supplies such as AC adapters or transformers. These power supplies convert the standard 120V or 240V AC (alternating current) voltage from the electrical outlet into the lower DC voltage suitable for powering them.
There are also LED signs that operate on a 24-volt DC system. These signs typically require a slightly higher voltage to power the LEDs adequately, especially for longer or more complex sign designs. A 24-volt power supply is readily available and can be used to meet the voltage requirements of such lighting fixtures.
It's important to note that LED neon signs have specific voltage tolerances, and it's crucial to provide them with the correct voltage range to ensure optimal performance and longevity. Using a power supply that matches the voltage requirements of the LED neon sign is essential for safe and efficient operation.
Factors affecting neon light voltage
For traditional neon gas, the length and diameter of the neon tubing are the first factors affecting neon light voltage. Longer and wider tubes require higher voltages to ensure that the electric discharge can travel through the entire length of the tube and adequately energize the neon gas. Additionally, the color of the neon light can impact the voltage needed. Different gases, such as neon, argon, or a mixture of gas, produce various colors when ionized. Each gas has its specific voltage requirement to achieve optimal luminosity.
For LED neon signs, one significant factor is the length of the LED neon sign. Longer signs may require higher voltages to ensure sufficient power is supplied to the LEDs throughout the length of the sign, maintaining consistent brightness levels. The color and brightness intensity of the LED neon sign can impact the voltage needed. Also, signs with complex designs, intricate patterns, or a higher density of LEDs may require higher voltages to ensure proper illumination.
Notes and ways to preserve neon light voltage
There are certain rules when it comes to preserving traditional neon light voltage to maintain optimal performance, and extend the lifespan of neon lights. Firstly, regular maintenance is key to preserving voltage. Keeping the neon tubes clean and free from dust and debris ensures optimal gas ionization and minimizes voltage drop caused by contaminants.
It is also important to inspect the electrical connections periodically, checking for loose or corroded wires that can affect voltage delivery. Another way to preserve neon light voltage is by avoiding voltage overload. It is advisable to use voltage regulators or surge protectors to maintain a stable voltage supply. Lastly, controlling environmental factors such as temperature and humidity is essential. Extreme heat or cold can impact the gas pressure and the overall performance of neon lights. By maintaining a suitable environment, the voltage requirements of the neon lights can be preserved, ensuring their longevity and vibrant illumination.
When it comes to preserving LED neon signs, the last thing you want to do is overload LED neon sign capacity. HelenLedco provides LED neon signs that run on 12 volts, along with suitable power transformer, so make sure you use manufacturer’s equipment. Besides, keep the LED sign clean and free from dust and dirt by using feather dusters. Dust accumulation on the LED modules or lenses can reduce brightness and cause heat buildup, affecting voltage performance. Also, maintain a suitable operating environment for the LED neon sign. Extreme temperatures, high humidity, or exposure to direct sunlight can impact the voltage performance and overall longevity of the sign. Aim for moderate temperature and humidity levels instead.
In conclusion, preserving the voltage of LED neon signs, and neon light (if you do own one) is crucial for their longevity and optimal performance. By following recommended practices, such as selecting the right power supply, proper installation, and regular maintenance, the voltage integrity of these signs can be maintained. Taking steps to protect neon signs voltage ensures their continued ability to mesmerize with their vibrant glow.


Realme is really a well-known smartphone brand that’s gained a powerful foothold on the market in recent years. Certainly one of its most popular models could be the Realme Pro. This product is set with features that make it a valuable competitor to a few of the other well-known brands on the market. In this information, we’ll have a closer go through the Realme Pro, its features, benefits, and drawbacks.
Design and Display
The Realme Pro boasts an extraordinary 6.4-inch Super AMOLED display that delivers sharp and vivid visuals. The device includes a screen resolution of 2400 x 1080 pixels and a pixel density of 411 PPI. realme pro is protected by Corning Gorilla Glass 5, which ensures it is scratch-resistant and durable. The telephone includes a sleek and stylish design, with a glass back and metal frame that offers it a premium look and feel.
The Realme Pro is powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G processor, that will be capable of delivering fast and smooth performance. The device is sold with 6GB of RAM and 128GB of internal storage, which is often expanded up to 256GB using a microSD card. The telephone runs on Android 10, with Realme’s own UI on top. The UI is intuitive and user-friendly, rendering it an easy task to navigate the phone’s features and settings.
The Realme Pro includes a quad-camera setup on the rear, with a 64MP primary sensor, an 8MP ultra-wide sensor, a 2MP macro lens, and a 2MP depth sensor. The camera produces high-quality images with excellent color accuracy and sharpness. The device also includes a 16MP front-facing camera that delivers clear and detailed selfies.
The Realme Pro includes a 4,500mAh battery that provides long-lasting battery life. The device also includes a 65W SuperDart fast charging technology that will charge the phone from 0% to 100% in just 35 minutes. This really is among the fastest charging speeds on the market, rendering it a nice-looking feature for users who’re always on the go.
The Realme Pro has an excellent display that delivers sharp and vivid visuals.
The phone’s performance is fast and smooth, as a result of its powerful processor and ample RAM.
The camera produces high-quality images with excellent color accuracy and sharpness.
The battery life is long-lasting, and the 65W SuperDart fast charging technology is really a huge advantage.
The telephone includes a sleek and stylish design that offers it a premium look and feel.
The device isn’t water-resistant, which is often a problem for users who’re buying a stronger device.
The phone’s UI can be quite a bit cluttered, with some unnecessary pre-installed apps that can’t be deleted.
The Realme Pro is a superb smartphone that provides a great combination of features, performance, and design. Its long-lasting battery life, fast charging technology, and high-quality camera allow it to be a standout device in the mid-range segment. While it does involve some drawbacks, such as for example the lack of water resistance and the cluttered UI, they’re minor issues that can be overlooked given the phone’s overall performance. If you’re buying a high-quality smartphone that won’t break the lender, the Realme Pro is definitely worth considering.
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Our project consists of 2 types of programs. The first program converts a 3D object into a set of 2D slices. There is a serial, CUDA+MPI, and MPI version of this program. The second program is the inverse, it takes in a set of 2D slices and creates a 3D object. There is a serial and CUDA version of this code.
We choose to work on this project because we are very interested in computer graphics and how algorithms and programs could be speed up by MPI and CUDA. Instead of repurposing an existing algorithm, we created a new, novel way to perform both of the aforementioned functions. We implemented both the serial and parallel algorithm from scratch.
Furthermore, there are many real-world uses of this software. In the medical sphere, radiologists need to create a 3D model from a set of 2D slices (precisely our project). As technology improves, MRI machines will create more and more slices per scan. Soon, parallelized processing will be required in order to compute anything across these large image sets.


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The automobile and consumer electronics industry is witnessing a revolution in Technological Advances. Automobiles and Consumer Electronic Devices are getting smarter, intelligent and safer. What is driving this transformation at the heart !!!! Its VLSI.
Different types of semiconductor ICs are being used in a number of automotive products like navigation control, infotainment systems and collision detection systems. The growing demand for hybrid and electric vehicles (HEVs) due to increased environmental awareness and emissions legislations requires sophisticated processing and control units. The demand for driverless and smart cars will generate demand for advanced sensors over the next four years. This electrification and automation of automobiles have led to the increasing need for semiconductor wafers.
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Android wear will soon be a part of every tech enthusiasts’ life, to arrange and display informations and notifications on their watches. Receiving messages, notifications, weather updates just by glancing at your watch will be a fine new experience which every user will enjoy. Responding to text and emails using speech recognition will make this experience awesome. Fitness apps which comes with wearables help to promote healthy lifestyle. Sony’s Fourth generation smartwatch joins Google’s Android Wear initiative, adding GPS and local music playback to its features. The new smartwatch 3 joins the LG, Samsung and Motorola which provides push notifications and information from Google now. SmartWatch is also the first Android-compatible SmartWatch with One-touch NFC. Near Field communication is becoming popular these days for transferring items from one device to another by simply touching the devices together. This will also have an important effect on payment gateways using Google Wallet. NFC, also known as Near Field Communication is a short range high frequency wireless communication technology that aids in exchanging data between devices at approximately 10 cm distance. NFC uses radio frequency for interaction
SmartWatch 3 Development Services by Quintet
Quintet Solutions offers offshore developers for Sony’s SmartWatch 3 based on Android Wear. We can utilize the functions of apps already present on Android devices. Smart watches are trendy these days and when we develop useful apps for these watches it becomes even better. SmartWatch 3 runs on Android Wear, which is tuned to suit smart watch enthusiasts. SmartWatch 3 gathers all your information , and uses it for various purposes like authentication and security . Receive messages from your friends, calendar notifications, and weather forecasts by just a glance at your watch display. You’ll get notifications from all your existing Android apps on your SmartWatch 3. SmartWatch 3 connects your phone to your wrist. At Quintet Solutions we understand this wide range of use and we can make your apps ready for the SmartWatch 3 so as to cater a large number of audience.
SmartWatch 3 is a big player in the field of gadgets for health and fitness . Our Android Wear developers are developing SmartWatch 3 apps using Android Wear SDK and are updated with the latest technologies and coding standards that enable them to make the best apps.
Sony’s SmartWatch 3 Watchface Designers at Quintet Solutions
Our Designs are very popular for their user interfaces , user integration and friendly user navigation. Designing for tablets and phones is different from designing for wearable devices or smart watches. Each watch has its own dimension and shape which makes it more challenging to design for. Our designers keep all the usability details in mind while making the designs for watch faces. Our designers always research into the various aspects of the design to make sure we are updated with the latest design trends.
The best part about Sony Smartwatch 3 is that it can do some functions without a smartphone. A gps chip which is embedded in the phone allows independent location tracking and the android wear walkman app can play music right from the devices 4gb internal storage to your bluetooth headset. So now you wont have to carry your phone around while you’re jogging or running. Fitness is an important factor which smartphones are focussing today and Sony Smartwatch would be giving tough competition to its competitors such as Samsung Gear Live, moto 360, LG’s G watch because of its additional features, such as the inbuilt GPS chip and its independent music playback capability.
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Development of Apps For Gadgets
OS driven gadgets have revolutionized the gadgets market. Google Glass, Android and iOS wearables, Chrome Cast, Nexus Player etc. are all OS based and can be tweaked and manipulated with awesome apps and ideas. At Quintet we help you create apps for these cool gadgets or fine tune your existing apps to support all these platforms.
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Boca Systems consists of a series of high speed thermal printers that can be used to print tickets, receipts, labels, wristbands etc. Quintet can help you in Building a POS or Kiosk application from scratch which can efficiently work with Boca systems controlling them using FGL.
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Extending the features of your apps to wearable device should be fun. We, at Quintet have a team, working on developing apps for Android Wear. Connecting your phone to your smart watch and getting messages, notifications, weather updates, news etc on your wrist will change your life for sure.
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Apple Watch is Apple’s first device which is designed to be worn. Integrating it with iPhone, you can reap all the benefits of Fitness monitor, Apple Pay, Emails and messaging, Personalization , etc. , and at Quintet we will help you tap the maximum market potential by developing Apple Watch apps for you.
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MagTek is one of the main manufacturers of electronic devices and systems for the transmission and security of cards, PIN checks and other identification documents.At Quintet our team integrates the Magtek library into apps and read the data from it. We offer Secure Payment Services.
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Android offers rich, extensive user interface along with smooth touch based navigations with support for real world gestures like swipe, pinch etc. Android enhances the user experience to a new level with its responsive user interface. At Quintet we will help you to design and develop your Android Apps.
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LG G watch is LG's entry into the futuristic Android Wear world and it runs with any device installed with Android 4.3 or higher versions. Here we offer offshore developers to develop applications and watch faces for G Watch helping you to get the most this device has to offer.
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Quintet helps you to tap the full potential of your business and makes you a leader in the apps market. We develop Stable and secure mobile apps for all types of mobile platforms iOS, Android, Blackberry . Come to us and let us build your high quality, smart and feature rich mobile applications.


With the increasing prevalence of gas detectors used daily for ensuring workers safe entry into confined spaces, it is important that these instrument users understand the factors which may influence the reliability of the information produced by these monitoring tools. This article is intended to briefly review some of the concerns regarding the measurement for explosive atmospheres with combustible gas (LEL) indicating instruments.
There are three types of sensors which are commonly used in confined space monitors; oxygen, combustible gas (LEL), and toxic gas sensors. Each type of sensor uses a slightly different detection principle. The kinds of conditions that can affect accuracy vary from one type of sensor to the next. The type of sensor which is most prone to being affected by the atmosphere in which it is being used tends to be the combustible gas sensor. Age and usage can have a serious effect on sensitivity.
Chronic exposure to silicone containing substances (found in many lubricants), the tetra-ethyl-lead found in "leaded " gasoline, halogenated hydrocarbons (FreonsŪ, or solvents such as trichloroethylene and methylene chloride), high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide or even very high concentrations of combustible gas may lead to degraded combustible sensor performance. In most cases all this means is that the sensitivity is adjusted upwards at the time the instrument is calibrated. In the worst case, the sensor may need to replaced. Once again, verifying the accuracy of the sensors on a regular basis is essential to assuring worker safety.
How combustible sensors work
The minimum amount of a combustible gas or vapor in air which will explosively burn if a source of ignition is present is the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) concentration. Combustible gas readings are given in percent LEL, with a range of zero to one-hundred percent explosive. Combustible sensors contain two coils of fine wire coated with a ceramic material to form beads. The "active" bead is coated with a palladium based material that allows catalyzed combustion to occur on the surface of the bead. The "reference" bead lacks the catalyst coating, but in other respects exactly resembles the active bead.
Any combustible vapors which are present will be subject to catalytic combustion on the surface of the active bead, heating this bead to a higher temperature. The temperature of the untreated reference bead is unaffected by the presence of gas. The difference between the temperatures of the two beads is proportional to the amount of combustible gas present. Since the beads are strung on the opposite arms of a Wheatstone Bridge electrical circuit, the instrument perceives this as a change in the electrical resistance in the circuit. It is this change in resistance due to differential heating that is used by the instrument to provide a reading.
Combustible gas sensors are non-specific and respond to all combustible gases and vapors. It is not necessary for the combustible vapor to be present in LEL concentrations. Even trace amounts of combustible gas can be detected by this method. The amount of heat produced by the combustion of a particular gas on the active bead will reflect the "Heat of Combustion" for that gas. Heats of combustion may vary from one combustible gas to another. For this reason readings may vary between equivalent concentrations of different combustible gases.
A combustible gas and vapor reading instrument may be calibrated to any number of different gases or vapors. If an instrument is only going to be used for a single type of gas over and over again, it is usually best to calibrate the instrument to that particular hazard. As long as the gas that is encountered is the same gas that was used during calibration, the readings will be exactly accurate (to the tolerances of the instrument design).
Figure 1.0 illustrates what may be seen when a combustible sensor is used to monitor gases other than the one to which it was calibrated. The chart shows the "relative response curves" of the instrument to several different gases.
Note that the response to the gas to which the instrument was calibrated, the "calibration standard", is still precisely accurate. For the other gases the responses are a little off. In the case of some gases the readings are a little high. This results in the instrument going into alarm a little bit early. This type of error is not usually dangerous, since it simply results in workers exiting the affected area sooner than they otherwise would have.
Gases which produce lower relative readings than the calibration standard can result in a more potentially dangerous sort of error. One way to reduce the potential for this type of error is to use a lower alarm setting. It may be seen from the graph that the amount of relative error decreases the lower the alarm point is set. If the alarm point is set at 10 percent LEL, the differences due to relative response of the combustible sensor are minimal.
Choosing the right calibration mixture
The other method for reducing the effects of this sort of error is in the choice of the calibration gas used to calibrate the combustible sensor. The best results are obtained when calibration is done using the same gas that is expected to be encountered while actually using the instrument. When it is not possible to calibrate directly to the gas to be measured, or when the combustible gas is an unknown, a mixture which provides a sensor response which is more typical of the range of combustible gases and vapors that will be encountered should be selected.
Remember that in actual practice, the relative response varies somewhat from sensor to sensor. Response ratios may also shift over the life of a particular sensor. Most importantly, if sensitivity is lost due to poisoning, it is frequently lost first with regards to methane.
In most cases the loss of occurs a little at a time. In some cases, however, the loss of sensitivity can be almost immediate. This is the reason that reputable gas detector manufacturers place so much emphasis on calibration, and why use of a certified calibration gas is a good idea.
Most gas monitoring device manufacturers recommend that the accuracy of any gas detector be verified before each day's use. In addition, accuracy should be re-checked immediately after any known exposure to contaminants.
Article Contributed by:
Timothy J. Kearney,
Article Provided by: The Argus Group
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Networked Dynamical System: Fundamental limitations in control and estimation of large scale network with uncertainty, tradeoffs between robustness and fragility, Information flow in networks, Vulnerability analysis of networks, Global instability in networks.
Spectral Methods in Dynamics and Control: Operator theoretic methods for stability analysis and control, Computation methods in control, Operator theoretic methods for optimal placement of sensors and actuators, Motion planning and navigation.
Future Power Grid: Real-time monitoring and control of power grid using Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), Stability problems with the integration of renewable generations and demand response, Grid synchronization under uncertainty, Health monitoring of wind turbine blades.
Aero-structure Systems: Freeplay induced flutter instability, Flutter instability for energy harvesting, Energy/information flow in aero-structure interaction systems, Spectral methods for structure life cycle analysis.
Cyber-Security: Cyber security of electric power grid, Attack modeling, Mitigation strategy, Vulnerability analysis and performance degradation to coordinated attacks, Identifying critical links for performance degradation in networks.


During "Terminal Authentication", the reader transmits its access permission to the RF chip in the form of a terminal certificate (reading device certificate). In addition, the reader also transmits the CVCA certificate and all certificates that are between these two certificates in the certificate hierarchy. This way the RF chip can verify the authenticity and integrity of the terminal certificate. For a positive result, all of the certificates which follow in the hierarchy have to be signed with the secret key of their predecessor, starting with the CVCA certificate. This is trustworthy for the RF chip, since the key is additionally saved on the RF chip during production.


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Tunable External Cavity Diode Laser commerical diode laser, collimation optics and a the laser to the cavity is weak and the mode-hop a grating stabilized external cavity diode laser (ECDL), which incorporates an optical grating mounted in front of the laser diode. The other approach features. and tested on an 852-nm external cavity diode laser. ECDL, locking to cesium Cs , and then was applied to lock a 770-nm ECDL to the potassium K D1 line for. 10 Oct 2018 The laser is produced by single-pass SHG of a Yb fiber amplifier seeded by an external cavity diode laser.
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Secondly, the tuning range and output power optimization of an external-cavity diode laser (ECDL) system is investigated based on the experimental results. ECDL BASE & STANDARD print page. European Computer Driving Licence (ECDL), known as ICDL outside Europe, is the global standard in end-user computer skills, offering Candidates an internationally recognised certification that is supported by governments, computer societies, international organisations and commercial corporations globally.
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Based on a commercially available laser diode and a Littrow arranged reflective holographic grating, a maximum output power over 500 mW with line-width of about 50 pm is achieved at the rated current. diode laser (ECDL), which selects a single wavelength from the entire output spectrum of the diode laser and drives the laser at this wavelength. Thus, by using optical feedback from a diffraction grating, we are able to narrow the total bandwith emitted by the diode laser.
- Aligning an external cavity diode laser at Eastern Michigan University, built both external cavity diode lasers (ECDL)
About us. Founded since 2000, Laser 21 is a Singapore-based distributor and supplier of lasers, photonics, ultra precision, optical metrology, motion control and
All rights reserved. ICDL Foundation, ICDL Europe, ICDL, ECDL and related logos are registered business names and/or trademarks of ECDL Foundation. Easy-Laser® is a leading manufacturer and supplier of laser based measurement and alignment systems. The ECDL/ICDL (European/International Certificate of Digital Literacy) is an internationally recognised certificate.
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2400nm, output facet with high quality AR coating, patented method, up to 300mW, excellent performance within ECDL system, check our stock list for availability. Sacher Lasertechnik was the first business offering high quality anti-reflection coated diodes since 1992. An ECDL tends to lase at the frequency with the greatest gain. Several factors are key in defining the frequency of this active mode [4,10,11].
In free-running mode this diode is completely useless for SLM operation, and at first it seems to be not too great in ECDL mode either, but there is some hope that with careful optimization a decent SLM laser can be made.
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Based on a commercially available laser diode and a Littrow arranged reflective holographic grating, a maximum output power over 500 mW with line-width of about 50 pm is achieved at the rated current. Like the DL pro, it is an extended cavity diode laser (ECDL).
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The linewidth of this type of laser is approximately 1MHz. We are using a laser diode from the Frankfurt Laser Company (FIDL-200S-850X) with a maximum output power of 200mW.
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In one recent study, To revisit this article, visit My Profi Laser Controller: In this instructable I made an Arduino project that allows me to control a laser with a smartphone or tablet.
Diodlasrar är relativt okänsliga för mekanisk åverkan och Green laser Beskrivning: Green laser Umeå Universitet Umeå Basfakta Typ av dokument: External cavity diode laser (ecdl) around 780 nm 38000000. För att en lysdiod skall bli en laser krävs att laddningsbärarna och material-strukturen Figur 6.1 a, Laserdiod i en extern kavitet.


Solix Technologies Announces Availability of Solix Enterprise Data Management Suite 5.5
Solix EDMS 5.5 provides easy to use and powerful data discovery for securing PII, PCI and PHI data
Santa Clara, CA – May 14, 2012 – Solix Technologies, Inc., a leading provider of enterprise data management solutions (EDMS), today introduced Solix Enterprise Data Management Suite 5.5 (Solix EDMS). The new release of Solix EDMS 5.5 extends the data governance platform to include data discovery capabilities and expanded data masking features. Solix EDMS Data Discovery, a component of Solix EDMS, addresses the key issue of identification of confidential and sensitive information such Personally Identifiable Information (PII), Payment Card Industry (PCI), and Personal Health Information (PHI) data elements so they can be masked.
According to Joseph Feiman, VP & Gartner Fellow, “Data discovery — an essential component of data masking — can be an important tool in creating a repository of security intelligence. This capability enables enterprises to determine where data is located, what regulations control the data and even what protection mechanisms should be applied, depending on the context (that is, the sensitivity of the data and the application using it). It can also detect and define sensitive data to the level of granularity of a field in a data record. “
(Gartner Report – Key Trends in Securing Sensitive Data With Data-Masking Technologies, 2011)
New Solix EDMS 5.5 features include:
- Pre-built PII, PCI and PHI search patterns that can be used out-of-the-box to find confidential and sensitive information
- Simple-to-use process driven user interface to significantly decrease the implementation time
- Data discovery dashboard and reports that facilitate compliance
- Support to discover confidential and sensitive information across heterogeneous data sources
- Ability to search both metadata and /or data
Sergio Carmona, Managing Director at Ydilmex, a Solix partner based in Mexico City, “An integrated data discovery and data masking solution will help meet requirements coming from telecom giant throughout Latin America to discover sensitive information across multiple databases and to consistently mask that data to ensure the security of sensitive data”.
“With the comprehensive data discovery functionality that is simple-to-use and cohesively integrated with data masking and test data management, the new release delivers the most efficient data security solution for enterprises to protect their data at the lowest total cost of ownership” said Raghu Kodali Vice President of Products, Solix Technologies.
Solix EDMS 5.5 is available immediately. The Solix EDMS Data Discovery module is available stand alone or packaged with the Test Data Management or Data Masking modules.
About Solix Technologies
Solix Technologies, Inc., the leading provider of Enterprise Data Management (EDM) solutions, helps businesses improve application performance, reduce storage costs, and meet compliance and data privacy requirements by achieving Information Lifecycle Management (ILM) goals. The Solix Enterprise Data Management Suite (Solix EDMS) enables organizations to implement Database Archiving, Test Data Management (Data Subsetting), Data Masking and Application Retirement across all enterprise data. Solix Technologies, Inc. is headquartered in Santa Clara, California and operates worldwide through an established network of value added resellers (VARs) and systems integrators.
Solix EDMS and Solix Cloud are trademarks of Solix Technologies, Inc. All other product names, service marks, and trademarks mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective owner.


Optical parametric oscillatorsnoncollinear phase matching and linewidth studies in beta barium borate.
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This book, published inprovides comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of OPAs and related devices, including fiber optical parametric oscillators (OPOs).Cited by: An optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is a parametric oscillator that oscillates at optical frequencies.
It converts an input laser wave (called "pump") with frequency into two output waves of lower frequency (,) by means of second-order nonlinear optical sum of the output waves' frequencies is equal to the input wave frequency: +.For historical reasons, the two output.
Optical parametric oscillators pumped by μm pulsed Nd:YAG lasers have been operated over the wavelength range –4 μm with tuning by temperature or by quasi-phasematched : Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh.
Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices Michel E. Marhic This is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of OPAs and related devices, including fiber optical parametric oscillators (OPOs).
There are basically three different options for pumping optical parametric oscillators: For continuous-wave operation, an OPO can be pumped with a (possibly frequency-doubled) continuous-wave laser (see e.g. ).The threshold pump power for singly-resonant OPOs (see above) is relatively high – usually at least a few watts, Optical parametric oscillators book below 1 W.
Some doubly-resonant OPOs can be. Browse book content. About the book. Search in this book. Search in this book. Browse content Table of contents. Select all Front Matter. Provides coverage of optical parametric oscillators and tunable gas, liquid, solid state, and semiconductor lasers; Details.
ISBN. Language. English. Published. Structured beams, conventionally generated through the spatial mode conversion of the Gaussian laser beams, have attracted great interest in recent years. Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) have demonstrated the potential for the generation of tunable structured beams directly from an input pump source.
However, to date, a particular OPO design has been shown to produce such beams only in a. A parametric oscillator is a driven harmonic oscillator in which the oscillations are driven by varying some parameter of the system at some frequency, typically different from the natural frequency of the oscillator.
A simple example of a parametric oscillator is a child pumping a playground swing by periodically standing and squatting to increase the size of the swing's oscillations.
Nonlinear optical frequency conversion is one of the most versatile methods to generate wavelength-tunable laser light in the mid-infrared region. This spectral region is particularly important for trace gas detection and other applications of molecular spectroscopy, because it accommodates the fundamental v PCCP Perspectives most accessed PCCP articles.
Optical parametric oscillators pumped by μm pulsed Nd:YAG lasers have been operated over the wavelength range –4 μm with tuning by temperature or by quasi-phase-matched period.
We have shown an oscillation threshold as low as mJ with a Q-switched pump laser and pumping at greater than ten times threshold without damage. in optical parametric oscillators (OPO's) Th presene t. paper review thse current statu osf OPO's and future developments.
A comparison of OPO's with other tun-able lasers is give inn the Conclusions. Th principle e of parametric amplificatio and n oscillation in nonlinear optical crystals wa s put forward. all types, particular emphasis is placed on optical parametric oscillators (OPOs), which repre-sent the majority of the parametric devices developed to date.
Other reviews on OPOs can be. Oscillators are one of the key elements in various applications as a signal source to generate periodic oscillations. Among them, an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is.
Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices: Theory, Applications, and Related Devices - Kindle edition by Marhic, Michel E. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets.
Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices: Theory, /5(3). Provides coverage of optical parametric oscillators and tunable gas, liquid, solid state, and semiconductor lasers Preview this book» What people are saying - Write a review.
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In contrast an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is a coherent source of light like a laser but uses the process of optical amplification brought about by the phenomenon of non-linear interaction in a crystal. Book Description. This monograph outlines the basic theory of optical parametric processes and presents discussions on materials and practical device considerations.
It emphasizes on optical parametric oscillators and mainly focuses on the three-photon parametric process. Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) might be considered as light sources that deliver coherent radiation very similar to lasers, but with two main differences between the devices.
1 First, the OPO principle relies on a process referred to as parametric amplification in a nonlinear optical material, rather than on stimulated emission in a. Parametric oscillators such as optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are widely used in various areas of physics.
Scientist in China invented a new parametric oscillator in optoelectronic domain. Free download of Practical Continuous-Wave Intracavity Optical Parametric Oscillators by David J. Stothard. Available in PDF, ePub and Kindle. Read, write reviews and more.
Abstract. This chapter provides an overview of optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) in the ultrafast picosecond and femtosecond time-scales as well as the continuous-wave (CW) regime, operating in the mid-infrared spectral range at wavelengths above ∼ 2 μm.
More recently, investigations have shown that a network of coupled degenerate optical parametric oscillators (DOPOs) based on the χ (2) nonlinearity can be used to.
Widely tunable continuous wave optical parametric oscillators (cw OPOs) are gaining popularity as novel sources of tunable laser light, not least due to the unprecedented wavelength coverage in the visible and near infrared spectral the range. While the potential and the advantages of tunable cw OPOs are becoming increasingly recognized, in.
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They have provided an admirable contribution to the community. If someone makes their living by designing lasers, optical parametric oscillators or other devices employing nonlinear crystals, or designing experiments incorporating laser beam propagation through linear or nonlinear media, then this book will be a welcome addition to their.
Fiber optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs) show great potential for applications in high-speed optical communication systems. This is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of OPAs and related devices, including fiber optical parametric oscillators (OPOs).Price: $ Mid-Infrared Coherent Sources and Applications.
Description Optical parametric oscillators FB2
Series: NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. Abstract: Degenerate backward optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers have been considered, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge.
When the pump intensity is four times the threshold pump intensity, the conversion efficiency reaches a maximum value. On the other hand, for nondegenerate optical parametric oscillators, the conversion efficiency always increases as the pump. Abstract: Since their introduction two years ago, quasi-phase-matched (QPM) optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) have moved into the mainstream of OPO research.
This has been made possible by continuing improvements and availability of the microstructured nonlinear material periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN). Quantum Theory of Optical Parametric Processes Optical Parametric Oscillators Materials, Properties and Characterization Examples of Practical Optical Parametric Oscillators and Amplifiers: Series Title: Laser science and technology, v.
Other Titles: Optical parametric processes and oscillators: Responsibility: C.L.
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Tang and. OPTICAL PARAMETRIC OSCILLATORS. High-power singly resonant OPO operates CW. Stephen G. Anderson. A high-power, CW-output, singly resonant optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) has been demonstrated by a team of researchers from Lightwave Electronics Inc.
(Mountain View, CA) and Stanford University (Stanford, CA).This chapter gives an overview of recent advances in the field of generation of mid-infrared (2–15 μm) coherent radiation using optical parametric oscillators (OPO).
The content includes time scales from continuous wave over nanosecond to ultrafast pulses and both single frequency devices for spectroscopy and high power devices for defence.
Read "Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifiers, Oscillators and Related Devices" by Michel E. Marhic available from Rakuten Kobo. This book, published inprovides comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of OPAs and related devices, in Price: $
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Deploying IPv6 in University Campus Network - Practical Problems
141 : Deploying IPv6 in University Campus Network - Practical Problems
The article shares experiences of deploying IPv6 on the university campus network and describes the most significant troubles that we have been faced with. The experience is mainly based on the deployment of IPv6 on the campus network at Brno University of Technology which is one of the biggest universities in the Czech Republic. The campus network covers more than 16 locations situated in different parts of Brno. 10Gb/s Ethernet is used as a basic network technology. The national and international connectivity is provided through two 10 Gb/s links connected to the National Research and Education Network (NREN) that is run by CESNET. More than 20000 users use the network and it is a really big challenge to provide functional and stable IPv6 connectivity to all of them.