Your electric devices from United States of America will be expecting 120 Volts, but Myanmar/Burma grid is of 230 Volts, this is a substantial difference that requires you to take some extra steps in preparation to your trip: On the positive side, nowadays many devices will switch automatically to the network voltage and they will work just fine, i.e. Traveling to Myanmar-Burma? Myanmar suffers power outages several times every month and with this high level of unpredictability it is recommended to pack accordingly. However be aware that some airlines prohibit portable chargers on an aircraft with more than 100Wh of power and must not be kept in the hold so we recommended checking ahead with the carrier. . Both the voltage and frequency are different so if your charger or appliance isn't dual voltage please use a power converter for Myanmar and check that it works with a 50hz supply. Please note we regularly check our electricity information with the International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC). USB chargers will accept both the 230 volts used in Myanmar power outlets plus different voltage standards in other countries. Most mid-range and luxury hotels havegenerators for back-up electricity, which is available 24 hours a day. It will be more convenient and cheaper to buy the correct power adapter in advance of your trip. Look in the travel accessories section of airport newsagents, electronic stores and pharmacists such as Hudson News or Brookstone, but expect to pay more than regular prices. There are four types of power outlets in Myanmar (types G, C, D and F) and bringing this will ensure that you are covered for both types C and G. Because these types of chargers come with interchangeable pins and handle from 100 volts - 240 volts will mean that you can travel to multiple countries in Asia, North America, Europe and Africa just by switching the heads over. Buying a power converter is cheaper than buying a power transformer. The frequency of the current found in a Myanmar power outlet is 50Hz. Where possible, WikiConnections only recommends the type of product as being suitable along with alternatives and does not make any endorsement for any specific brand or product. If this frequency differs from the frequency used in your home country, please use caution when plugging in your devices. This is the case in most of Europe, Australia, the United Kingdom and most countries in Africa and Asia. Remember to allow for more electrical devices at a later date. An all-in-one design - lightweight and small. Type D - Mostly used in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and a few African countries. See the section on. mobile phone chargers are typically multi-voltage (but please, do actually check your own). Small print on the device or power adapter indicates what voltages the device can work with. No other plug types will fit in a type D socket.
When travelling with more than one device then the best travel adapter for Myanmar to buy is a multiple USB charger which includes compatible plugs such as a 4 port USB travel charger. Each plug adapter set includes Type A, B, C, D, E/F, G, H, I, J, L, M and N adapters so will be suitable with a Myanmar power outlet. ), and in Myanmar/Burma you will use: (includes Nay Pyi Taw, Yangon, Mandalay, Nyaungshwe, Pyin Oo Lwin, Mawlamyine, Kalaw.). How many power outlets will be available when you get to Myanmar? The typical size of voltage converters makes them unsuitable for carry-on baggage. [AD]. Power converters are designed for simple electrical appliances which typically generate heat or use motors such as clothes irons, shavers or hair dryers. Unless you are using an electric alarm clock or some motors when speed is an issue. IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY! Check the small print on the device to see if the device can handle the frequency. If you are electrical savvy, perhaps the previous chart is all you need. Offers surge protection. Straightforward design makes this power adapter simple to use. It is advisable to take auniversal adaptorthat fits a variety of socket types. usb chargers, laptop chargers, etc. Should you need to safely use a 100, 110 or 120 volt device then you also need a step down power converter for Myanmar. During a trip to Myanmar increased use of mobile phones for taking pictures, storing calendars, GPS, social network sharing and streaming videos will syphon off power excessively. By packing a, Providing that your laptop uses a USB-C charging port then a. Assumptions on if any power adapter, charger, converter or power strip works in any location is based on data from publicly available sources and if it fits the primary power outlet used in that country. Will I need a power converter if I'm visiting Myanmar from the US? If this is not the case, you can continue reading and discover what the chart is saying! Ideal when you only have to power USB devices, for example cell phones, iPads or eReaders. So, time shifts could be experimented. You can use all your equipment in Myanmar-Burma if the outlet voltage in your own country is between 220V-240V. If you intend on travelling to more than just Myanmar then you might need to bring multiple power adapter types. Bring a Type G plug adapter to Myanmar if the plug you would like to use won't fit in a Myanmar power outlet. Power converters are suitable for 2 pin ungrounded appliances, it could be harder to find a converter if you want to use a grounded 3 pin appliance.
Voltage from power grids in some areas could fluctuate, a power surge could damage electronics. When powering appliances which draw more power or generate heat, Read our comprehensive travel guides on travelling with, If the power converter doesn't include the correct shaped plug then it will also be necessary to plug in the power cord from the power converter into a. High street electrical stores such as Best Buy, Walmart, Target, Home Depot or Fry's normally sell a limited range of travel adapters to popular locations but for widest choice it is recommended to buy a power adapter online. Sorry, none of the plugs used in both countries are common. What is the difference between a power transformer and a power converter? Solar bags are available in messenger, backpack and rucksack styles making them perfect for domestic, work and travel use. It is therefore advisable to have atorchfor the occasional drops into darkness, particularly if you are staying in budget accommodation. Plugs, sockets, adapters and other information needed for travelling from United States of America to Myanmar/Burma in this page. The voltage in Myanmar is 230 volts, however 120 volts is used in the US. International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC), Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. You'll need a power plug adapter. When you travel from the US and go to Myanmar then you will require one as the voltage in Myanmar is 230 volts. No other plug types will fit into a type I outlet. Power converters are more suitable for travellers wishing to bring domestic appliances abroad such as hair dryers or flat irons. All power sockets in Myanmar-Burma provide a standard voltage of 230V with a standard frequency of 50Hz. Most models will have a surge protector built in which will protect any electronics from being overloaded by unstable power grids. All functions and capabilities should be checked prior to purchasing or using any power adapter. Single-phase power is primarily for residential use (such as homeowners and what you would find in a hotel) while 3-phase electric power provides more stable, heavy-duty power for most industrial applications like manufacturing plants, commercial facilities, data centers, telecom towers, hospitals, food processing, and utility power plants. What is the best USB charger for Myanmar? Type C - The standard European plug. Do you still need use your charger when returning to America? Will your devices and appliances only work with 230 volt power outlets? Certain cell phones could pull more than the normal 500 milliamps produced from a standard 5 volt USB adapter to charge or provide fast charge. An adapter only modifies the shape of the plug to fit in a. Consumer portable chargers aren't designed for use with high wattage items that generate heat, but a, A phone which has been directly plugged into a USB port of a solar backpack will trickle charge the power during sunny spells in Myanmar, but this could be inconvenient to have a phone continually connected in the bag during the day if it is to be used constantly. You can buy the following multi-purpose adapters from Amazon. So even if the device isn't dual voltage it will still work in Myanmar when using just a travel power strip, making them a lightweight and cheap alternative to a dedicated voltage converter. No other plug types will fit in a type A outlet. On the contrary, modern low-power devices are likely to auto-detect and auto-adapt to different voltages i.e. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity_by_country, We endeavour to ensure that links on this page are periodically checked and correct for suitability. A power adapter enables a visitor from a different location to use their electrical devices in Myanmar simply by changing the shape of the plug. [AD], You need to use a step down power converter in order to use any 100, 110 or 120 volt appliance in Myanmar. This is mainly because you have to slow the engine RPM down and make adjustments so the overall kW or kVA output will be lower. You will need to pay attention to the maximum power output of the converter and the maximum power consumption of the device. The voltage is different therefore use a power converter if your device isn't dual voltage and check that your appliance is compatible with a 50hz power outlet. We can book multi-day trips, day tours and other activities. Devices which connect to a Myanmar power outlet, power any non-230 volt appliance with a 230 volt power outlet in Myanmar, Typical combined number of USB ports and AC outlets, Powers a 230 volt AC appliance in Myanmar, International Electrotechnical Commission, BESTEK Portable International Travel Voltage Converter, ORICO Traveling Outlet Surge Protector Power Strip, BESTEK International USB Travel Power Strip, check the device for dual voltage support, a lighter power strip with a built in power converter, USB wall charger with interchangeable heads, lightweight universal travel power adapter. For more details please read the, Product availability last checked on Saturday 16, how can you tell if you have a dual voltage or single voltage device. If you are visiting from America you will need to bring a power adapter for Myanmar as an American plug won't physically fit into a Myanmar power outlet, and because the voltage is much higher you will also need to use a power converter for Myanmar if your charger or appliance isn't dual voltage to prevent overheating or damage. Each country is listed with the volts and frequency (also referred as Hertz or Hz and is referring to cycles per second) commonly found in each geographic area. The multipurpose travel charger illustrated is the 4 Port USB Wall Charger which has been tested successfully with multiple USB devices in numerous foreign countries around the world with perfect reliably. For those travelling regularly we suggest buying an adaptable travel adapter similar to this online. You will discover power sockets will vary depending on which country you are in therefore we suggest reading the power adapters list for a full list of regions and countries. A simple method to tell if your appliance is dual voltage is to check for either a sticker or numbers printed on the existing charger, or on the unit itself, typically near to where the power cord plugs into. Does a solar powered charger work in Myanmar? Transformers are designed for more complex electronic items such as televisions or games consoles. This website may receive commissions for purchases made through links on this page. . What is the best power adapter for Myanmar? This chart includes information on voltages and frequencies found across the globe. If your American appliance or charger doesn't support dual voltage then you should use a power converter for Myanmar which can lower the voltage from 230 volts to 120 volts. Power transformers are larger and heavier making them more suited for permanent residential use; for example an expat wishing to use an imported television would need to use a transformer for this purpose. anything that its main purpose involves generating heat (or cold) like hair driers, baby bottle warmers, kettles, etc. It's usually better value and more practical to buy a dual voltage travel appliance than to purchase an expensive power converter just to power your existing single voltage appliance in Myanmar. Why use a travel USB charger for Myanmar? The voltage from a Myanmar power outlet is 230 volts, should you travel from a country which doesn't use 230 volts and your appliance isn't dual voltage (, Should you only plan on packing USB electronics such as phones and tablets then it is recommended to just pack a. Having just one working power adapter the remaining power adapters will be redundant using up packing space. Copyright 2022 Flyma PTE. Visit our partner areahere. Not all plug adapter types are typically included. They don't have a built in voltage converter meaning they're not suitable for non-230 volt electrical appliances in Myanmar. If you wish to charge multiple devices at the same time then we recommend using a, A cheap power adapter which powers only one device in Myanmar, Most simple power adapters will typically only work in a single country, so if you need to visit more than one country then you'll need to pack, If you are embarking on an extended flight to get to Myanmar think about a convenient, Because not all airlines have power outlets available we recommend using a travel, The electricity in Myanmar might sporadically fluctuate and this can cause damage to your devices, you will need to look for an adapter which offers built in surge protection such as a, Due to Myanmar suffering from power outages or having limited access to power in some areas you might find that whichever power charger you bring doesn't work anyway. Because of the size of a power strip it might be unsuitable for packing in hand luggage. The number of wires and plugs used varies greatly by region since each country is evolving their electrical grids at a different rate and over time so these are only provided as a good starting point and general guide. Download-Chart-to-PDF.pdf, Russia (officially the Russian Federation), Saint Barthlemy (informally also referred to as Saint Barths or Saint Barts), Saint Kitts and Nevis (officially the Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis), 120/208 V / 277/480 V / 120/240 V / 240 V / 480 V, Generator Source, LLC 1999-2022. Do you intend on only bringing hand luggage? Do I need a plug adapter if I'm visiting Myanmar from America? This will allow you to charge multiple devices simultaneously without needing to bring individual power adapters on your Myanmar trip or occupying additional wall sockets. This isn't as complex as it first appears, with only a handful of different types of common standards used throughout the world this article shows exactly what you'll need in advance to power your device in Myanmar. A heavy and expensive power converter will transform the voltage of 230 volts from a Myanmar power outlet to work with a non-230 volt appliance, however a smaller and more lightweight power adapter (or plug adapter) will change the shape of the plug on your appliance to slot into a power outlet found in Myanmar. When back at home travel USB chargers can still be used by charging multiple cell phones every night using only one power outlet. Always check the reputation of the manufacturer and product to ensure the quality and safety of any electrical device being used. By bringing every type of plug adapter ensures that you are covered for every country. Explanation: Some alarm clocks uses the frequency of electricity network to measure time. If your device supports Fast Charge (not all USB devices will) then you will benefit from quicker recharging times by using one of these travel adapters plus additional compatibility with certain power demanding devices like tablets. If the shape of the Myanmar power outlet isn't the same as the type of plug outlet in Myanmar then you will need a power adapter. You will only receive emails that you permitted upon submission and your email address will never be shared with any third parties without your express permission. What is the frequency used with a Myanmar power outlet? All rights reserved. Click here to get in touch with our experienced team. We can book flights, buses, trains and more. For more details please read the disclaimers page. Click here to make an enquiry. See the power adapter substantions section for more information on how we compared travel adapters (October 2018). Quickly see if you need a power plug adapter or voltage converter by selecting your country of origin above to compare the electrical outlets and power plugs between your country and Myanmar-Burma. WikiConnections has not taken into consideration other less common power outlets which might be found as these might only be used in certain areas or in the process of being phased out. Almost every home electronic device works perfectly with different Hertz. The power strip should still be of use when you return to America. Power outlets in airports are often in short supply and the demand for charging multiple cell phones before a flight can be high, therefore a USB travel charger with multiple ports and the ability to charge quickly is perfect. How many electrical devices are you taking to Myanmar? You will need a step down voltage converter a device that can be plugged to 230 volts and it provides an outlet with 120 volts for your United States of America' device. A voltage converter only converts the 230 volts in Myanmar and won't change the actual shape of the plug to fit in a Myanmar power outlet, therefore you will still need to bring the correct type of. Expedited Shipping - US & Canada, Get $$$ for your used power generation equipment. In Myanmar more than 25% of the population of the country doesn't have access to electrical power. Unlike a normal power converter, the converter on a travel power strip doesn't work with higher wattage appliances such as hair dryers or curling irons. Are you flying long haul to get to Myanmar? Varying different standards and plugs can all be confusing when planning to travel to another country to the first time traveller. When you return to America it could still work. Instead of bringing multiple domestic USB power chargers travellers only need to pack one charger. It is important that you pay attention to your device's voltage. What types of electrical devices do you need to use with a Myanmar power outlet? Lists of adapters you can use in your travel: This adapter allows you to use plugs type: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N into outlets type: E, F. This adapter allows you to use plugs type: A, B, C, D, E, F, I, M into outlets type: G. This is a very cheap adapter without loose terminal and finger protection; it does have earth pass-though (good); but no good grip because of so many different supported plugs. LTD. All rights reserved. The standard frequency in Myanmar-Burma is 50Hz. This website may receive commissions for purchases made through links on this page. Type A - Mostly used in the US, Canada, Mexico, Central America, China and Japan. Only one power adapter for each appliance - for each separate device you wish to use you will also need to use a separate plug adapter. While WikiConnections strives to make the information on this website as timely and accurate as possible, we make no claims, promises, or guarantees about the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of this site, and expressly disclaim liability for errors and omissions in the contents of this site. We recommend to use a more expensive option if available. [AD]. Restricted to USB ports so you will be unable to charge electrical appliances, just USB ones. Please also take a look at the recommended gadgets for your trip. Take a look at the pictures below to see what these plugs and power sockets look like: Do the outlets look different in your country? Sign up to our newsletter - covering the latest Myanmar travel news, insights and Go-Myanmar.com developments, , and electrical sockets tend to be one of the two European standard types: the Type C Europlug and the Type E/Type F Schuko; some sockets take multiple plug types. Where to buy a power adapter for Myanmar in the US. Interchangeable heads fit in Types A/B, E/F, G and I power outlets so will work in Myanmar. A USB travel charger is a dual voltage charger with interchangeable plugs and multiple USB ports, suitable for charging multiple USB powered devices when travelling abroad. A power adapter set will typically work out more economical than buying individual plug adapters. Means lots of individual plug adapters to pack. There are some universal travel adapters that include a built in surge protector, this will prevent your device from being overloaded by an unstable power grid. Are you thinking about buying a new laptop computer soon? High-power devices don't usually handle different voltages due to the high-currents involved i.e. World-Power-Plugs.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for website owners to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com and any other website that may be affiliated with Amazon Service LLC Associates Program.


We are enormously proud to say that alongside our partners in Monmouth Scientific we were able to work on Ireland’s first ever satellite, the EIRSAT-1. This satellite has been developed by UCD with the support of ESA Education.
A Bit About EIRSAT-1
The project was initially chosen in 2017 by the ESA for their fly your satellite program. It passed its preliminary design review with both universities involved. By 2018 however the project has been designed and implemented by UCD with ESA’s support.
EIRSAT-1 will be carrying three experiments into orbit:
Gamma Ray Module (GMOD)
A miniaturized sensor for detecting gamma rays originating from cosmic phenomena. This module was developed by Sens Ltd. from Cork. It has the potential to improve gamma ray sensors by getting rid of the need for problematic components.
A novel in orbit protective oxide surface treatment module. This module was developed for the Solar Orbiter mission. This launch will allow it to be tested I orbit.
Wave Based Control
A new altitude control system which will allow a satellite to turn in any direction needed using Earth’s magnetic field.
Goals Of the Mission
As well as testing new satellite technology this mission is designed to boost the space sector in Ireland. Addressing skill shortages and inspiring future students to enter the STEM fields.
PhD student Sarah Walsh approached NSP Expert Lab Solutions in 2018. She and the rest of the EIRSAT team sought an extremely clean environment suitable for designing, assembling and testing the three payloads present on the 20cm X 10cm x 10cm satellite.
What We Did
For this project we used Monmouth’s 3m x 3m ISO Class 8 Aluminum Modular Cleanroom.
We found a modular cleanroom to be ideal for this project. Supplying enough space for all assembly and testing to be done while also keeping costs and construction time down.
The unit has a 9m² production area and is well lit with LED lighting. The doors are sliding doors with a soft closing feature.
The modular cleanroom is assembled on site and is highly adaptable, constructed of high-grade aluminum with durable polycarbonate windows.
As well as the cleanroom construction we added a CAM1000 Clean Air Module. This module ensures positive pressure and an ISO class 8 environment for the EIRSAT team to work in.
This unit features HEPA filters which filter the air as it enters the cleanroom (99.997% efficient at 0.3 microns). The unit then creates a positive pressure within the cleanroom.
In total this unit can handle an area of up to 1000m ³. Providing HEPA filtered air to the entire facility with 75 clean air changes an hour.


In 2014, we launched our open-access repository which offers full text access to conference proceedings from many of our events including the INC and HAISA series. These papers are free to access and distribute (subject to citing the source).
South African Information Security Multi-Conference (SAISMC 2010)
Title: Autonomic Agent-Based Self-Managed Intrusion
Detection and Prevention System
Author(s): Ahmed Patel, Qais Qassim, Zarina Shukor, Jose Nogueira, Joaquim Júnior, Christopher Wills
Keywords: Information Security, Intrusion detection, Intrusion Prevention, Anomaly Detection,
Misuse Detection, Autonomic Computing, Self-Management
Abstract: Over the last fifteen years the world has experienced a wide variety of computer threats and
general computer security problems. As communication advances and information
management systems become more and more powerful and distributed, organizations are
becoming increasingly vulnerable to potential security threats such as intrusions at all levels of
Information Communication Technology (ICT). There is an urgency to provide secure and
safe information security system through the use of firewalls, Intrusion Detection Systems
(IDSs), Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPSs), encryption, authentication, and other hardware
and software solutions. Many intrusion detection and prevention systems have been designed,
but still there are significant drawbacks. Some of these drawbacks are low detection
efficiency, inaccurate prevention schemes and high false alarm rates. Since IDSs and IPSs
have become necessary security tools for detecting and preventing attacks on ICT resources, it
is essential to upgrade the previous designs, techniques and methods to overcome flaws.
Anomaly detection is an essential component of the detection mechanism against unknown
attacks but this requires advanced techniques to be better and more effective. In this paper we
put forward a new agent-based self-managed approach of anomaly intrusion prevention system
based on risk assessment and managed by the principles of the Autonomic Computing (AC)
concept, which has all the flavors of self-management. Applying AC will open up new
frontiers, and enhance and improve the intrusion detection mechanism by not only protecting
the system’s information and assets but also to stop and prevent the breach before it happens.
It can also assist in digital forensics and investigations.
Download count: 2983
How to get this paper:
PDF copy of this paper is free to download. You may distribute this copy providing you cite this page as the source.


By Yoshio Kuramoto, Yusuke Kato
One-dimensional quantum structures express interesting houses past the scope of the mean-field approximation. notwithstanding, the complex arithmetic concerned is a excessive barrier to non-specialists. Written for graduate scholars and researchers new to the sphere, this booklet is a self-contained account of ways to derive the unique quasi-particle photo from the precise answer of versions with inverse-square interparticle interactions. The e-book offers readers with an intuitive realizing of tangible dynamical homes when it comes to unique quasi-particles that are neither bosons nor fermions. strong recommendations, reminiscent of the Yangian symmetry within the Sutherland version and its lattice models, are defined. A self-contained account of non-symmetric and symmetric Jack polynomials can be given. Derivations of dynamics are made more straightforward, and are extra concise than within the unique papers, so readers can research the physics of one-dimensional quantum structures in the course of the least difficult version.
Read or Download Dynamics of One-Dimensional Quantum Systems: Inverse-Square Interaction Models PDF
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One of many most sensible promoting Physics Books in line with YBP Library providers Order are available in the entire buildings unfolding round us at varied scales, together with within the preparations of subject and in strength circulation styles. Aperiodic constructions in Condensed topic: basics and functions specializes in a distinct form of order known as aperiodic order.
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Extra info for Dynamics of One-Dimensional Quantum Systems: Inverse-Square Interaction Models
The most striking feature of the Sutherland model is that one can derive not only the energy spectrum but also the dynamics for the many-particle case with an exact account of interaction eﬀects. Thus, the Sutherland model provides an ideal framework to study a one-dimensional quantum liquid in detail. 1, we derive the eigenenergies of eigenstates. 2, we present diﬀerent but equivalent physical pictures for the energy spectrum. Namely, the energy spectrum is naturally regarded as that of interacting bosons or fermions.
6(b). 92) consists of the Fermi sea for an N -particle system and an additional particle. We call this particle outside the Fermi sea a quasi-particle. 3 Elementary excitations 41 (a) · · · 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0· · · (b) · · · 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1· · · (c) · · · 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0· · · Fig. 6. Motif representation of eigenstates for λ = 2 and N = 7: (a) the ground state; (b) a one-particle addition state; (c) a one-particle removal state.
Part I Physical properties 2 Single-component Sutherland model In the present chapter, we discuss the Sutherland model for particles without internal degrees of freedom such as spin. We call this model the singlecomponent Sutherland model. 3) have been obtained explicitly in the previous chapter. The most striking feature of the Sutherland model is that one can derive not only the energy spectrum but also the dynamics for the many-particle case with an exact account of interaction eﬀects. Thus, the Sutherland model provides an ideal framework to study a one-dimensional quantum liquid in detail.


Bevelling machine B5 CORDLESS
- Edge rounding function
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(Maximum bevel width 5 mm / 0.2 in.)
B5 Cordless is designed for bevelling and deburring of edges. Specially designed to produce quality bevels on all types of edges. An all-purpose machine for beveling straight edges, profiles, radiuses and holes. The B5 Cordless with the radius milling head is the ideal solution for deburring of edges and preparing the surface for finishing.
- Scale for an accurate adjustment of bevel size.
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- Suitable for beveling and deburring of steel, aluminium and other materials.
- High performance, durable, brushless, Power Drive motor.
- The motor is fully enclosed to protect from dust and other particles.
- Maintenance free motor with innovative cooling fins for optimal cooling and temperature monitoring.
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- Includes stackable case with room for accessories and tools.
- Manufactured in Czech Republic, with a high performance German manufactured the motor.


Topic 8: Superconductivity
Superconductivity depends on the fact that as metal gets colder, electricity will flow through it more easily. For most metals, this is only true up to a point. Once they reach a certain temperature, there will always be some resistance to the flow of electrical current. But there are a few interesting metals -- superconductors -- where the resistance sharply drops to zero at some critical temperature. With the resistance gone, no voltage is required to keep the current moving -- and that means superconductors can deliver electricity far more efficiently than your average wire.
At the beginning of the 1900s, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was an established Dutch physicist at Leiden University who had made great strides in creating extremely cold temperatures. In 1908, he was the first to liquefy helium, bringing the record man-made temperature down to -452 F (-269 C). Since he knew how to refrigerate materials to such incredibly cold temperatures, he decided to test how well metals could conduct electricity at those extremes. There were a lot of theories at the time. Some people, such as Lord Kelvin, believed that current would stop altogether. Onnes thought perhaps the resistance to the current in the material would gradually drop off and current might increase. (You can think of resistance as something like friction, it slows down electrical current much the way friction slows a sled on snow.)
Onnes studied a wire made of mercury, and measured the current at various cold temperatures. Initially, he noticed no change whatsoever -- he made the wire extremely cold, but at first it didn't affect the flow of electricity. Then, all of the sudden, once the wire hit 4.5 K, (-451.57 F or -268.65 C) all resistance disappeared. Current flowed through the wire and it didn’t need any voltage to keep moving. It would be as if someone gave you an initial push on a sled and even though you were on flat ground, the sled just kept going and going, never slowing down -- you could travel around the whole world without ever having to get another push. Onnes wrote: "Mercury has passed into a new state, which on account of its extraordinary electrical properties may be called the superconductive state."
It took a while before scientists noticed a second important property of superconductors. In 1933, Karl Wilhelm Meissner and R. Oschenfeld discovered that superconductors are repelled by magnetic fields -- scientists say they are diamagnetic. So, not only are superconductors fantastic carriers of current, but they exhibit strange properties in the face of magnets. Two normal magnets cause each other to move -- you can feel a strong magnet practically jump out of your hand when you put it on the refrigerator. But a superconductor produces a stable magnetic effect -- a bar magnet will levitate easily and steadily over a superconductor, something which is called the Meissner effect to this day.
While scientists wanted to put the electrical and magnetic properties of superconductors to use in new technologies right away, the first superconductors had to be kept so cold in order to function that it just wasn’t practical. In the 1980s, scientists discovered materials that were superconducting at higher temperatures (77 K / -196 C / -321 F) -- though still incredibly cold by human standards. These materials can be cooled by liquid nitrogen, which is far easier to work with and much less expensive.
- Topic 1: Measuring the Cold - Thermometers
- Topic 2: Understanding Heat and Energy
- Topic 3: States of Matter
- Topic 4: Refrigeration
- Topic 5: Cryogenics
- Topic 6: The Quest for Absolute Zero
- Topic 7: How Animals Survive the Cold
- Topic 8: Superconductivity
- Topic 9: Astronomy
- Topic 10: Spaceflight
- Topic 11: Agriculture
- Topic 12: Cold Medicine


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• Lab fully compliant to ESD standards
MADE IN USA!!


Vikas Nanda (CABM Resident Faculty Member and Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Rutgers – Robert Wood Johnson Medical School) along with Paul Falkowski (co-PI, Distinguished Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Marine and Coastal Sciences at Rutgers) received a three-year, $1.1 million award from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation to design synthetic proteins that function as electronic components. Protein-based electronics have the potential to serve as medically safer and environmentally sustainable alternatives to existing devices. Also, proteins can adopt intricate three-dimensional structures on a scale significantly smaller than cutting edge industrial nano-lithography approaches, providing a path to engineering ever smaller devices.
This project draws upon diverse expertise across molecular biology and geochemistry - the chemical transformations that drive biological metabolic cycles on a global scale are catalyzed by sophisticated protein nanomachines that draw their energy from the Sun and electrochemical gradients in the atmosphere, ocean and rocks of our planet. Analysis of the atomic structures of these proteins reveals the presence of modular units that function as analogs of electronic components, such as diodes, capacitors and transistors. These components, almost exclusively comprised of proteins, are assembled into circuits that couple electron/proton transfer to biologically relevant chemistry far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
The goal of this project, titled “Design of Life’s Transistors”, is to design and characterize synthetic protein-based electronic components using small synthetic peptides. Components will be integrated into simple devices that emulate biological metabolism far from thermodynamic equilibrium. We hope to learn how complex protein nanomachines evolved from simple devices, and develop a palette of protein modules that can be used to make synthetic nanomachines to address challenges in nanomedicine, green energy and environmentally sustainable industrial processes.


Do you know how outdated fuse panel technology is? Here’s some perspective—the original patent for the first fuse panel was taken out by Thomas Edison way back in 1885! And like all technology, the fuse panel has been given many upgrades to reflect modern advances over the years.
Fuse panels have many flaws in terms of safety and as a result haven’t been used in new construction since the early 1960s. At that time, there weren’t very many high-tech appliances in use. But, in this day and age, every home is equipped with advanced appliances and old fuse panels just aren’t equipped to handle the electrical load.
It is essential to you and your family’s safety that you are aware of the common warning signs of a faulty service panel. If any of the following signs are present, your fuse panel could represent a severe fire hazard:
Ignore these warning signs at your own risk. Arcing is a surge in electricity that can send incorrect voltages around your house. This means your appliances could malfunction if they aren’t receiving enough electricity or overload if they are receiving too much.
Besides having a circuit breaker that can handle multiple electronic devices at once without overloading, upgrading your service panel has other advantages, including:


Computer Parts, Core Components
Find the parts you need. Regardless of the final function of your computer, every computer needs the same basic components:
Creating a custom PC is much easier than trying to guess which computer maker offers the right combination of features to satisfy your needs. Putting a system together yourself is pretty straightforward, and the job should take less than a single afternoon so long as you have a number of key ingredients.
The most important decision you’ll make for your custom PC is which motherboard to buy. Motherboard prices and specifications vary tremendously.
The Big Picture
What factors are most important when comparing motherboards? The processor dictate what kind of motherboard you will need for your build. For example you have the choice of Intel and AMD as your two major choices for processor. I personally prefer Intel, I believe you should too. AMD wins a lot of fans due their competitive pricing over Intel, but my past experience taught me not to be cheap with the core components you are using in any build.
Is the fastest processor always the best choice? What type of memory should you look for? We explain which specs are most important, and why. more
Motherboard Shopping Tips
You’ll want to consider the price, performance, and priority of several features before you look for a new motherboard. Our tips help you find the best value.
Processor – This is the brain of your computer. Almost all processors are multi-core, meaning they are essentially multiple processors in one. Compare specs and find a processor that has the speed that you will need to run the programs you want. Also take into account power usage and ease of cooling.
Is the fastest processor always the best choice? Yes but within your logical budget. For example the fastest Intel Extreme Edition black CPU is usually go for 1000~2000$ while the next step down model CPU form Intel is only a fraction of speed slower, so little difference you would barely notice in processioning speed. Why would you pay more for the same function? I also no longer look at the clock speeding of the CPU the truth is by the time you are reading this line the current market and technology must came up with a new way to measure CPU speed which all means very little to you the user. Basically you want to buy a Intel CPU that is the most current generation socket and ~95% in both clock speed and price range as the most fancy current Intel Extreme Edition black CPU you can find. This its usually end up to be around the 300~400$ range CPU form Intel.
Motherboard – The motherboard is what connects all of the internal components of your computer. The processor you purchase will determine the type of motherboard you will need. Different processors have different “socket” sizes, and only work with motherboards that support that socket.
Once you decided the CPU and the cpu socket, you can choose your motherboard. If CPU is like a heart of the human body, the motherboard is the circulation system.
You need to get the best motherboard money can buy again it does not need to be the most expansive award wining motherboard, but it need to be decent. After all if you have a beast of CPU with out the motherboard to match you will never get to use your PC to its full potential. So don’t be cheap on your motherboard buy something with solid reviews, low failure rate from ASUS. A decent 300~400$ motherboard will do for most gaming applications.
match the motherboard socket to your CPU and decide how many dedicated Video cards you would like to put on your board, picking a motherboard is really not that hard since your choices by this point is already limited. So as a result its pretty straightforward.
Motherboards come in many form-factors, but the most common are ATX and MicroATX. ATX is the standard full-size motherboard. If you are building a typical tower computer, look for ATX motherboards. µATX boards are smaller than the standard ATX board, and are better if you want a smaller case and have no need for more than four expansion slots.
I recommend only get ATX as it is the main stream model, most sold in the world, all other board are either inferior build or a design of a toy. Imagine you are the computer engineer would you design the best board to make you the most money from most costumer or make something small enough that no one would want to use in their pc build or hard to find matching part to match the size? Yes ATX it is. You are building this PC for Power! you are not making a toy, you can buy a toy from Bestbuy or something.
Make sure that your motherboard supports all of the other components that you wish to install. If you are planning on installing a high-end graphics card, the motherboard will need to support the PCI Express interface. If you want to install lots of RAM, your motherboard will need to be able to hold at least 4 sticks.
RAM – RAM (Random Access Memory) is where programs store information that they are using. If you don’t have enough RAM, your programs will run much slower than they should. The RAM you can purchase is dictated by the motherboard that you choose. The speed of the RAM that you install must be supported by the motherboard.
RAM should always be installed in matching pairs of sticks. All the RAM in the system should be the same speed, and preferably the same make and model. For example, if you want 8 GB of RAM, you can install two matching 4 GB sticks or four matching 2 GB sticks.
If you intend to use more than 4 GB of RAM, you will need to install a 64-bit operating system. 32-bit operating systems do not recognize more than 4 GB of RAM, even if more is installed.
Hard drive – Your hard drive stores all of your data and installed programs. Storage space has gotten much cheaper over the years, and it is easy to find up to a couple of terabytes of storage for just a little money.
Hard drives come in many speeds, the most common being 7200 RPM, 10,000 RPM, or Solid State. Solid state drives are the fastest available, but the cost is significantly higher than a traditional drive.
Putting your operating system and critical programs on a smaller drive, and then storing everything else on a larger drive, will lead to faster loading times for your system.
Video card – A dedicated graphics card is essential for playing the latest games, but not a major issue for an office computer. Intel motherboards have integrated graphics, so you don’t need a dedicated card if you’re planning to use the computer for web browsing and emails, but some AMD ‘boards will need a video card.
Case – This is what houses your computer components. The size of the case will be determined by how many drives you will be installing, as well as the size of your motherboard. Cases range from cheap and functional to flashy and expensive.
If you intend to run a lot of high-end components, you will be dealing with a lot more heat output than slower components. Choose a case that promotes good airflow and allows you to install more fans.
Power supply – The power supply powers all of your components in your computer. Some cases come with a power supply already installed, but most require you to provide your own. The power supply should be powerful enough to charge all of your components, but not so powerful that you waste electricity by powering more than you need.


Uwell Caliburn Tenet pod system 750mAh- in Dubai
The Uwell Caliburn Tenet Pod System features mechanical punk styling and is compact and hardwearing, ideal for enduring the wear and tear of everyday vaping and weighs in at just 50.4gr. The built-in 750mAh battery can last a whole day on a single charge. It also features a USB-C fast charging port, so when you need to recharge the device you can get back to vaping sooner. This kit includes a Caliburn G2 Pod and two coils. The Caliburn Tenet kit creates a small amount of vapour which closely resembles the feel of a cigarette.
Using a die-casted moulded shell of aluminium alloy and an artistic “TENET” with diagonal stripes across the surface, the rugged look and feel of the Caliburn Tenet is certainly unique.
Multiple Coil Compatibility
The Caliburn Tenet is compatible with the Caliburn G & G2 series of coils, allowing for multiple different ohmages and vaping styles to suit your tastes.
Vibration indicates different working states, such as low voltage, over-time vaping, open-circuit and pod connection, giving you a clear indication of device operation.
Aesthetic & Functional
The screws and rivets on the shell are not only there for a rough aesthetic, they also provide an anti-slip surface for the device for both form and function!
Precise Airflow Adjustment
Simply turn the airflow adjustment wheel at the bottom of the pod to personalise your vaping experience.
The Caliburn Tenet is equipped with both inhale activated and button activated vaping.
Button Ignition Lock
Press the firing button 2 times in quick succession to lock the button and free your worries about accidental firing.
Large Battery Capacity
The built in 750mAh battery ensures a long vaping time, bringing continuous enjoyment all day long!
Large E-Liquid Checking Window
A large e-Liquid checking window allows you to check remaining e-liquid and avoid coil burnout.
Top Refilling Pod
The top fill pod is easy and convenient, as well as helping to reduce leakage and wastage.
Uwell Caliburn Tenet pod system 750mAh Features:
Battery: Integrated 750mAh
Standard e-Liquid capacity: 2ml
Coil installation type: Push Fit
Charge port type: USB-C
Size: 11 x 2.5 x 1.6cm
1 x Caliburn Tenet Device
1 x Caliburn G2 Empty Cartridge
1 x 0.8 Ohm Caliburn G Coil (Pre-Installed)
1 x 1.2 Ohm Caliburn G2 Coil
1 x USB Type-C Cable
1 x User Manual


The Institute of Astronomy University of Zielona Góra was estabilished in 2000 at the Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Technology of School of education (WSP). At this time following professors joined the team: Piotr Amsterdamski, Roman Juszkiewicz, Włodek Kluźniak from Warsaw and Andrzej Maciejewski from Toruń. After the University of Zielona Góra was establised Institute of Astronomy was part of the Faculty of Science. In 2004 a new Department of Physics and Astronomy was formed which includes Institutes of Physics and Astronomy. Currently Institute of Astronomy employs four professors, three assistant professors and six doctors. Institute of Astronomy has a entitlement to conduct the direction ASTRONOMY with specialization in Computational Astrophysics. Since 2005, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy has a right to confer the degree of doctor of physical sciences in the field of Astronomy. In autumn 2005 the Braniborska Tower was completely restored and transformed into a modern astronomical observatory.


We are a young and dynamic company NewArtLine s.r.o since 2014 which strives to fulfil its mission in advancing knowledge in the field of microelectronics based on the interconnection of own and partners capacities. Actively developing electronics industry, we cooperate with many leading manufacturers and suppliers in Europe, North America, Asia.
We offer wide range of services and comprehensive supplies of electrical equipment to our customers throughout the world:
- CUSTOM FABLESS UNIT AND MASS PRODUCTION OF ELECTRONICS BOARDS AND DEVICES ENSURING HIGH PRODUCT QUALITY AND SUPPORT
- ELECTRONICS COMPONENTS ASSEMBLY AND WHOLESALE
We focus on electrical engineering, process automation, motion and robotics, and automation. Portfolio also includes products for measurement and analytical techniques, and instrumentation (electron microscope, magneto optics, mass spectrometry, signal processing electronics).
We assemble printed circuit boards for the automotive industry and industrial engineering. It comprises back-lighted gear stick components, daytime running lights, massage seats and their heating, garage door openers and many other useful gadgets enhancing the comfort in cars.
NewArtLine s.r.o. has manufacturing facilities in Asia and Europe. Thanks to the great diversity of the semiconductor industry, we are always chasing new markets and developing a range of exciting technologies. We manufacture various products such as long-term memory products for automotive and medical sector for retail customers. Static memory chips (SRAM) are used in memory blocks for long-term storage of information in computing devices (computers, tablets), which can be included in the control systems of CNC machines, control systems for cars, medical equipment, etc.
Our experienced and devoted staff will be pleased to provide you with the necessary advice and assistance to ensure complete satisfaction.
The backbone of the Czech industry is in producing electrical, electronic and optical devices, as well as cars, transport vehicles, and machinery. These innovative sectors are characterized not only by their high share in exports but also by their lion ‘s share of private R&D funding, and as a result, creative industries are growing. There is hardly a country with a more extensive tradition in the semiconductor industry in the CEE region, as semiconductor manufacturing in the Czech Republic dates back to the beginning of the 1950s. Innovation and creativity have long been hallmarks of the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic also has a very high penetration of industrial robots. The Czech Republic can boast a considerably developed knowledge base, modern infrastructure enabling world-class R&D in photonics and micro/nanoelectronics, and sufficient potential for R&D application results in relevant companies.
Czech companies can bring a particular value-added in the area of equipment production for semiconductors manufacturing, particularly in the area of process control tools and assembly and packaging tools, where many Czech companies and research institutions build on long-standing experiences. The Czech Republic as a whole – is a true superpower in the development and production of microscopes. The country has a long tradition in developing scientific instruments and is also referred to as the world center of electron microscopy. Furthermore, the Czech Republic benefits from its location in the very heart of Europe. Prague is less than two hours’ drive from Dresden, Saxony, the German Silicon Valley, and Europe‘s biggest semiconductor production hub. Several leading, global microelectronics companies are currently conducting leading-edge research-and-development activities in the Czech Republic. Czech companies excel particularly at the production equipment for semiconductors manufacturing: process control tools, assembly, and packaging tools, and etch and clean tools.


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The ideal role of DHCP network engineer is to ensure that all the systems are functioning correctly. Depending upon the network complexity the organizations can have global network engineer (DHCP) across the international locations for extended support.Generally, there can be two types of IP addresses – static and dynamic. Static is an unchanging IP address, but most computers use dynamic IP addresses for better connectivity. A DHCP server assigns the dynamic IP address.
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I had an annoying situation where, when my AirPods connected to my Mac, they would take over as the active input device (ie, microphone). I didn’t want that because I already have a nice microphone setup. So I set out to find a way to prevent that behavior.
The only solution I’ve been able to find is to change the input device back to my good microphone after AirPods connect. The easiest way to automate this is to use a package called
switchaudio-osx and the ToothFairy app (also available via Setapp).
brew install switchaudio-osx
ToothFairy can run a shell script after AirPods connect. So I’m using that to run:
SwitchAudioSource -t input -s "MICROPHONE NAME HERE"


The faculty members and the students of the department actively participate in various research works. Currently there are seven full time and many part-time research scholars are working towards their Ph.D. under different faculty members.
Prof. J. K. Mandal
Coding theory, data and network security, data compression, visual cryptography, remote sensing and GIS.
Dr. Kalyani Mali
Pattern recognition, digital image processing, neural network, data mining.
Dr. Utpal Biswas
Optical networks, sensor networks, mobile ad-hoc networks, semantic web technology.
Dr. Priya Ranjan Sinha Mahapatra
Computational geometry, data structures, algorithms.
Data mining, soft and evolutionary computing, bioinformatics, optical networks.
Wireless sensor networks, satellite communication, mobile computing.
University of Heidelberg - Germany, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany , University of Goettingen - Germany, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis - France, University of Derby - UK, Tribhuban University - Nepal, Purbanchal University - Nepal.


The Euopean Cyber Security Organization has an awareness calendar that provides some basic facts on selected subjects as well as associated solutions, services, courses and best practices from ECSO Members and the community.
Today, we are launching a new section on our blog to share information and articles with you in alignment with the monthly topics proposed by ECSO.
Life is a science fiction novel
It is safe to say that we live in a world that deceptively resembles a science fiction novel. We are surrounded by electronic devices that are able to communicate with each other without user interaction.
What is the Internet of Things?
Although the term itself is not really new, you cannot find a universally agreed definition what IoT is. It was a bit the same for the Cloud definition, right?
We could define IoT as a network of physical objects (“things”) that interact and exchange information with each other as well as with their owners, operators or other people. It is widely believed that any embedded smart device that communicates over the existing internet infrastructure could be considered a “thing”.
You might say “there’s nothing new that IoT brings to the market”. Healthcare institutions have been using smart implanted devices like pacemakers and insulin pumps for years, and even smart home appliances are nothing new. You are absolutely right, so what makes IoT on of the hottest topics? Probably the magic combination-connection-collaboration of technology, business and media.
Growth of Internet of Things
Technology, business and media meet together to boost each other and that makes us think that the popularity of the Internet of Things to grow in the near future is absolutely certain.
- Cost of technology constantly decreases.
- More and more devices are being connected to the Internet.
- Adding an embedded network module to any device is getting cheap, which gives a potential to unlock entirely new ways to interact with other devices and creating new business value for manufacturers.
- Popularity of mobile devices is encouraging people to seek new ways to use them to monitor and control various aspects of their lives and work.
- … and many more.
What could slow down the pace of development?
Many people, when answering the question: what is the Internet of Things, describe people traveling in autonomous cars and a house that cleans itself. However, this is a question of the future, because it will take a while for this vision to come true. The limitation is not the lack of imagination or lack of the skills. Rather, it is about user SAFETY and INSUFFICIENT NETWORK PERFORMANCE.


Installing required packages
Your RaspberryPi must be running Raspbian Jessie in order to install the OpenPLC. If you haven't updated yet, you must do so before installing this software.
1) Install WiringPi according to the instructions on their website.
2) Install the following packets using apt-get:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential pkg-config bison flex
sudo apt-get install autoconf automake libtool make nodejs git
3) Clone the OpenPLC repository on github by typing:
git clone https://github.com/thiagoralves/OpenPLC_v2.git
4) Enter in the OpenPLC_v2 directory and build the project (it may take a while):
At the end of the build process, you will be asked to choose an I/O driver to use with the OpenPLC:
The OpenPLC needs a driver to be able to control physical or virtual hardware.
Please select the driver you would like to use:
1) Blank 4) RaspberryPi 7) ESP8266
2) Modbus 5) UniPi 8) Arduino+RaspberryPi
3) Fischertechnik 6) Arduino 9) Simulink
Select option 4 to use the RaspberryPi header pins as I/O.
Running the OpenPLC
The OpenPLC application has a NodeJS webserver that controls if the OpenPLC is running or not and enables the user to upload programs (.st) files generated using the PLCopen Editor to the OpenPLC. To start, enter in the OpenPLC_v2 directory and type:
sudo nodejs server.js
Now, just point your browser to http://ip-address-of-your-RaspberryPi:8080. You will see a web interface that will let you upload new programs to the OpenPLC. When a new program is uploaded, it is automatically compiled into a new application and executed.
Below you will find the OpenPLC I/O mapping for the Raspberry Pi header. The mapping should be the same across all the different board revisions.
There is only one analog (PWM-based) output on the Raspberry Pi, and it is used as the an Analog Out (%QW0.0) on the OpenPLC. Also, take note that the first two inputs (%IX0.0 and %IX0.1) have hardware pullups, which means that if you don't connect anything to them, they will both read as TRUE. This is part of the design of the Raspberry Pi boards, and can't be changed by the OpenPLC software. Therefore, the logic on these first two inputs must be reverse.
Running the first project
This is a simple hello world project for the OpenPLC. The button is attached to %IX0.0 and the lamp is attached to %QX0.0. When the button is pressed and released, the lamp remains on for 2 seconds and then turns off.
nerate Program in order to compile the diagram into a ST file. Then upload the ST file to the OpenPLC using the web interface.
PS: For the Raspberry Pi, this program needs to be slightly modified because the first two inputs actually have hardware pullups on the board. You need to either use another input (%IX0.2, %IX0.3, ...), or negate the button contact on the ladder logic for it to work properly.


I have 13′ with touch bar. It’s slow at times. It’s mostly visible when switching between virtual desktops or doing Expose effect. This frame skipping really kills the experience of a fast PC, especially if you switched from a decent Windows 10 machine.
I was suspecting it’s because Intel Iris video card. Then I decided to test other MacBooks. I tried MacBook Pro 2017 15′, iMac, Mac Pro. Guess what. they all are slow. They all skip frames on Expose and virtual desktops switching.
It’s surely not a hardware limitation but somehow a software one. Was it the case in Pre-Sierra MACs?


Operation of the electronic transport systems within vast railway area
The transport safety is a property of the transport process (movement of individuals and/or goods), characterized by absence of danger to life and health of individuals [1,2,10]. This process should represent a high reliability and safety. The measure of safety is certainty that components of the transport process will remain intact during operation, except for natural changes due to ageing and wear. To ensure a sufficient safety level, it is vital to employ the electronic transport systems which aim is to increase the safety of transferred individuals and goods. The electronic transport systems are designed to detect the threats that occur during the transport process (for both stationary and moving objects). This article presents influence of the electromagnetic interferences within vast railway area on the electronic transport systems with one transmission bus. These electromagnetic interferences are able to completely compromise the electronic system, induce the voltage in the transmission buses or in other components of the system and trigger the alarm (higher probability of false alarm). While operating the transport safety system, full spectrum of electromagnetic interferences should be taken into account. Due to complex behavior of the electromagnetic waves during penetration (propagation), influence of the electromagnetic interferences requires separate analyzes for different frequency bands.
Authors retain full copyright to their individual works.
The Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering (JMEE) publishes fully open access articles.
Open Access benefits:
- High visibility – all articles are made freely available online for everyone worldwide, immediately upon publication.
- Increased visibility and readership.
- Rapid publication.
- All articles are CC BY licensed. The final article can be reused and immediately deposited in any repository.
- Authors retain the copyright to their work.
By publishing with us, you retain the copyright of your work under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license.
The CC BY license permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and the source, a link to the Creative Commons license is included, and it is indicated if any changes were made. This means that you can deposit the final version of your work in any digital repository immediately after publication.
We are committed to providing high-level peer review, author and production services, so you can trust in the quality and reliability of the work that we publish.


Gedankenexperiment in sustainable robotic ecosystems
[The background depicts the Voyager Spacecraft, humanity's first interstellar probe—our inspiration.]
The Andromeda Galaxy is only two and a half million light years away and is approaching at 300 kilometers per second. A spacecraft traveling towards it, averaging 500 kilometers per second relative to the Milky Way, would reach it in about a billion years.
2.5E6*kmPerLy/(300+500)/secPerYr ≅ 990.9E6
kmPerLy = 10E12
secPerYr = 365*24*60*60
last modified 2022 Jun 6 11:44 EDT


Get around town with Smartkick Plus X8 electric scooter which can go up to 40-48 km on one charge. Powered with a 500 watts electric motor and suspension in the front and back, this electric kick scooter takes you far while giving you an enjoyable ride! The SmartKick X8 Plus scooter can fold or unfold in less than 10 seconds and the battery can be recharged fast while you are having a lunch break! The e scooter display gives you everything you need in terms of speed and distance at a glimpse. This e scooter is equipped with triple brakes and front and back night light and a horn for a safe ride! The SmartKick X8 is ideal for rides on all-terrain, and travels of all kinds. It is so much fun!


The iWalk BIOM is an active, bionic, powered ankle-foot prosthesis that provides a quantum leap forward in mobility assistance for lower-extremity amputees. Developed from technology invented at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the iWalk BIOM propels patients forward using springs that closely simulate the action of muscular tendons. The battery-powered robotics in the iWalk BiOM emulate leg muscle movement and can adapt to terrain changes. The device provides a “push-off” that propels the patient forward, which assists maintenance of a natural gait. Unlike passive prosthetic devices — which must be powered by the patient — the iWalk BIOM injects power into the gait cycle. The result is a walking experience with reduced fatigue, improved balance, and a much more natural feel. Benefits include an increase in walking speed, normalization of metabolic energy required in walking, reduction in stress on joints, and increase in comfort. iWalk was founded in 2006 by Dr. Hugo Herr, director, the Biomechatronics Group at the MIT Media Lab.


The R4 cards are adapters which were used with handheld devices that they are compatible with. They allow your device to figure with a larger memory thus creating more features to work with such as a movie player, MP3 player, browser, word processor, as well as enabling you to store pictures and video clips and play games. The R4 card serves to be a tool that promotes functionality and amazing features.
The Nintendo DS was made without memory storage, and that's why the R4 card isn't an accessoryDS Karte: In general it lets you not just play high memory games but store multiple games files too. There are two main different kinds of R4 card; the standard R4 memory card and the R4i business card. The R4 card harmonizes with the Nintendo DS as well as the R4i card works together with the Nintendo DSi device. These all work like that too and are still R4 random access memory cards, with the difference being they also have different names. One of the greatest features of R4 card is that this allows users to the console like you would with your iPod or even iPod touch, you can store several songs, e Book computer files, and high memory games all at once.
There are also further variations of R4 memory cards for example R4DS Upgrade-II, R4 Progress, R4DS III, New R4, R4 Custom, R4 Pro, R4 SDHC and R4 Ultra. The R4 memory fits within the slot in your Nintendo DS device, where the common Nintendo card normally proceeds. The R4 card is the same size as the original Nintendo card. On the the surface of the R4 card you would notice the slot, it uses a thrust spring mechanism to locking mechanism the Micro SD into position. A simple push relating to the card the Micro SD can come out easily. However the R4 team realized that the spring mechanism causes the entire card system to come to be ruined.
The R4 card production was told have affected by 5%. Even if there are a lot of different manufacturers right now, the R4 card team still dominates the industry for their continues research and development with the R4 revolution. The R4i card which is compatible with the Nintendo DS can take on average anything because of 1 to 60 games at once. Thus the R4 random access memory cards all work in the same manner except some have a much bigger memory and so can take more data. These can however, require the using different software.
Nintendo is the popular manufacturer of electronic gaming systems console and is widely used console in many countries. Earlier this game console was used only for playing the games and not just for anything else. But with the R4 card now everything is achievable the name is given being the revolution for (4) Nintendo that is why it is called R4 business card. Earlier different cartridges were juggled up to play the different games but now days gone by are over as the R4 card has changed the online game world. Now the the past few years are ruled by the R4 card.


Minor in Computer Information Systems
The minor in Computer Information Systems is a program of study designed to equip students to use computer technology effectively in work and ministry.
The student will be able to:
- Analyze technology needs. Identify and analyze the information technology needs of a business or ministry and, using critical thinking skills, translate that analysis into a set of specifications that include items like capacities, access controls, user interfaces, data flows and repositories required to satisfy the needs identified.
- Design a specified IT environment. The environment will be based on specifications generated through the analysis of a business or ministry, and will consist of computer hardware, software, databases and networks.
- Communicate professionally. This would include commenting of programming code, presenting technical information clearly in an aural format, and documenting an information technology environment including software integration, database structures, computer and network security elements, configuration, directory services and other essential components of the environment.
- Participate in the implementation of a technology solution. Assemble, configure, and troubleshoot a typical secure business computing environment based on specific documentation of system requirements, including networking, hardware and software integration, database design, and overall systems administration.
- Fundamental Computer Literacy (CS 101) or Educational Technology (CS 240)
- Logical Analysis (PHI 108)
- Two Computer Information Systems Core Courses (6 credits):
- Modern Programming Techniques using Visual Basic (CS 151)
- Introduction to Computer Hardware (CS 217)
- Introduction to Networking and Security (CS 222)
- Introduction to Operating Systems (CS 230)
- Two Computer Electives (6 credits)


ME 422/449 --Modem Eliminator
The ME-422 is an RS-422/449 DB-37 Modem Eliminator providing DTE to DTE connection. This device eliminates the need for costly high-speed modems between control units, minicomputers, or another mainframe to your computer system. The ME-422 handles all data, timing, and control signal handshaking, eliminating the need for confusing crossover cables.
These units have a number of selectable options to fit most applications, operates at speeds up to 2 Mbps and is available in either a stand-alone or rackmount configuration.
The ME-422/449 was designed to accomodate speeds greater than the 20 Kbps limit of the RS-232-D standard operation in conjunction with the electrical characteristics of the RS-422-A for balanced circuits. The ME-422 provides the user with an RS-449 DB-37 female interface to both DTE devices.
Communications is in full or half duplex modes in point-to-point or multipoint configurations simulating two or four wire facilities with data rates from 20 Kbps to a nominal upper limit of 2 Mbps. Point-to-point applications may operate on either switched or dedicated facilities.
The ME-422 accepts external timing up to 2.048 Mbps or internal timing to provided up to 614,400 bps. Optional internal timing options provided on request.


harish (at) primussoft (dot) com Device OEM - Wireless Prodcuts, 4g, LTE, GPRS, CDMA, Device Location Basking Ridge, NJ 07920 Duration 12+ Months Device OEM Lead - Consumer Wireless Devices This position will be part of the New Products and Business group that is focusing on developing new cutting edge products in the Kids segment. We are looking to hire a strong device OEM lead who will be responsible for leading development efforts by working with offshore OEM's and software vendors. 7+ Years experience working for either a leading device OEM or a wireless service provider In-depth knowledge of wireless product development including but not limited to Wireless technologies such as 4G LTE, UMTS, HSxPA, GPRSEDGE, CDMA Platform and RTOS such as Android, UnixLinux, Linux kernel Developing and brining up development boards Troubleshooting and problem solving on system integration, system debug, field test and technical support Good working understanding of mobile devices, their capabilities and limitations Experience with network protocols like ip, tcp, udp, http is a plus Product conception, requirement, specification for full product development cycle. Familiarity with Android and iOS platform is a plus Good oral and written communication skills Ability to help with project management Able to communicate in Mandarin is a plus Thanks and Best Regards, Harish Kumar Primus Software Corporation Duluth, GA 30097 Ph - (O) email id- harish (at) primussoft (dot) com
Associated topics: cable technician, design engineer, electrical engineer, engineer, frequency, infrastructure, network engineer, radio, repair, technical
* The salary listed in the header is an estimate based on salary data for similar jobs in the same area. Salary or compensation data found in the job description is accurate.


New Bluetooth 4.0 standard brings better battery life, improved range, and multi-device connectivity
I think we all have a bit of a love â€“ hate relationship with Bluetooth. One minute your Bluetooth deviceÂ is performing really well, and then for no reason at all it seems to have a mind all of its own. Also, I find it personally quite annoying when you have to disconnect one device just to connect to another, or if you forget to turn your Bluetooth off, it will suck the life out of your deviceâ€™s battery. Well according to Michael Foley, Ph.D., executive director of the Bluetooth SIG, these little annoyances could be coming to an end.
According to Dr.Foley:
Bluetooth v4.0 throws open the doors to a host of new markets for Bluetooth manufacturers and products such as watches, remote controls, and a variety of medical and in-home sensors. Many of these products run on button-cell batteries that must last for years versus hours and will also benefit from the longer range enabled by this new version of the Bluetooth specification.
Now the new Bluetooth v4.0 standard will offer you three specifications in one: Classic Bluetooth technology, Bluetooth low energy technology and Bluetooth High Speed technology. Whatâ€™s really nice about this new standard is that all three of these specs can be used simultaneously or separately by different devices.
BlackBerry Smartphones and PCs will use all three of them with the Classic, low energy and high speed technology running â€œside by side.â€ Bluetooth v4.0 will offer you an improved range of up to 200 feet and even more. You can now print from your BlackBerry, Stream Music, use as a Wireless Modem, and make a phone call using your Bluetooth headset without the need to disconnect one to connect to the other.
Bluetooth v4.0 will be available in our smartphones and PCs in late 2010 or early 2011.


Problems That May Have Broke Your Television
What do you do when your TV is telling you there is no signal while the neighbour’s or worse still, the TV in the next room is functioning perfectly? What could be the problem with your TV? Here are a couple of things that could be causing the no signal notice to pop up before you contact a Singapore tv repair service.
This usually is the first suspect. When your television cannot get signal from the station, there is a high chance that the antenna is facing the wrong way. Antennas are designed to pick their signal from satellites spread across the world by broad casting stations. For you to get any signal from them, it has to be facing the direction of the satellite. So move it around till you get signal.
The connecting cables
If the connecting cable is not in the right position, then it’s useless. So try unplugging it and plugging it back and see if it will work. If it still is not working, try using the same cable on a different TV, if it doesn’t give good results on that TV, then the cable is the problem. Get a new one.
This is what joins your TV’s areal to the antenna wiring that goes through the wall all the way to the roof top. If the wire from the TV is not properly insert in the socket, you will not get good signal.
One touch of the wrong button on the remote control can cost you good reception. So before calling for help, ensure that your settings are correct. Check the TV settings and make sure all is as should be.
Your TV’s wiring
For you to get your booster on the rooftop you need to have a wiring system that goes all the way up. If you are not getting clear signals, it may be because the wiring is fried. Since you may not have adequate information or skill set to check this out, just have an expert to come and have a look at it.
The TV’s decoder
There is a small chip in your television that decodes the wave signals into the output you now see on your screen. If it is not functioning properly, then your TV looses its ability to interpret the signals received hence the no signal notice.
Now, same as your TV, if you are using one of those internal aerials, then there could be the possibility that you switched on the TV but forgot the aerial. Clean up and check upJust like any other machine, a TV needs to be checked by an expert every once in a while. You also need to have the dust blown off every coupe of months. Accumulated dust might cause the problem or maybe its just a loose screw that could be taken care of by check up.
If you check for all these and still cannot figure out what in the world is wrong with your reception, call and expert to have a look at it. However, if you realize what the problem is and the solution is not as easy as moving it around or switching it on and off, also call an expert. You don’t want to cause any more damage.


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(as of Sep 09, 2023 22:07:50 UTC – Details)
From the brand
At Govee, we believe in a more intelligent lifestyle. A home is an investment, and we strive to help our consumers improve it. Our products are developed with our consumers in mind by creating innovative technologies of the highest quality.
Govee’s extensive collection of smart home products provides a new way to experience daily life that’s both intelligent and simple. Enjoy powerful controls and convenient features no matter where you are.
Govee Smart Light Bulbs
Govee Smart Recessed Lighting
Govee Smart Home Lighting
Product Dimensions : 2.36 x 2.36 x 4.84 inches; 13.92 Ounces
Item model number : H6008
Date First Available : July 26, 2021
Manufacturer : Govee
ASIN : B09B7NQT2K
Country of Origin : China
Music Sync: Our smart light bulbs change color and brightness simultaneously when sounds are detected by the microphone on your phone. Note: only works when the microphone is not occupied. Download Govee Home App and enable microphone permissions.
Smart Control: Govee color changing light bulbs make it possible to control your bulbs with simple voice commands. And you’d also feel free to turn your smart light bulbs on/off, adjust brightness, or change the colors, set scenes via Govee Home App.
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Built-in preamp for Ukulele Belcat UK-300T
UK-300T is a ukulele electrification system that includes the built-in pre-amplifier with built-in chromatic LED tuner and the piezo pick-up under the bridge saddle for a clear and natural take-up of the sound to amplify or record.
BELCAT is a brand known and appreciated all over the world for the production of pick-ups and pre-amplifiers designed by qualified and experienced professionals. Since 1988, the company has made use of advanced technologies in continuous evolution that allow very high quality standards.
- Controls: 2 band EQ (bass, treble), volume, tuner
- Functions: LED chromatic tuner
- Pickup: Omega-II piezo under saddle
- Intervention frequencies: 100 Hz +/- 12 dB, 10 kHz +/- 12dB
- Input Impedance: 22 MOhms
- Frequency response: 20Hz ~ 20KHz
- Power supply: 3V (2 x CR2032)
- Output: ¼ "TS socket (jack)
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Envision has a range of acoustic equipment which enables the survey of marine habitats covering the continental shelf and are fully conversant with the analysis and interpretation of the data. Envision uses swath bathymetric systems, side-scan sonar, single beam echo sounders and acoustic ground discrimination systems, in combination with benthic sampling, such as video and grab sampling. We participate in research programs developing techniques to survey the marine benthic environment. Our knowledge and experience has been invaluable to clients to ensure that surveys deliver outputs which are fit for purpose.
Underwater Video Surveys
Underwater video analysis is a sampling technique that can provide semi-quantitative or fully quantitative data for environmental assessment. Having pioneered the use of small dropdown/towed camera systems, Envision has a long history of developing video sampling techniques and protocols for the analysis of video footage of the seafloor, with expertise in taxonomy and species identification, assessment of substrate composition and biotope allocation. In addition to the routine standard high definition systems, we also design small, rugged high quality and high definition camera systems for use in adverse conditions.
Envision has been at the forefront of habitat mapping for many years, and has participated in national and international initiatives for developing and standardising protocols. We interpret survey data collected either by ourselves or externally and undertake mapping projects employing GIS modelling techniques. Our experience covers a range of marine habitats from temperate to tropical ecosystems.
A study into potential new areas of conservation including the Annex 1 habitats ‘reefs’ and ‘submerged sandbanks’, was performed in conjunction with Entec UK using GIS, desktop reviews and surveys. Results from the analysis of existing data and biological, video and acoustic surveys of the Outer Wash and Greater Thames areas are being fed into the regulatory conservation process.


Home generators are great when you need them, as they provide power whenever the power grid malfunctions. In order to operate it safely, there are certain considerations that need to be taken into account. When it comes to electrical load, make sure that you properly size your generator so it is capable of powering up appliances and devices you need. Use of transfer switch will further increase safety and make starting the generator much more convenient. If you opt for the cords instead, ensure the cords are properly sized and rated for heavy duty use.
- The size of your generator is important because the size needs to meet the electrical load you need from it.
- Use a transfer switch so that you can safely use a portable generator from your own home.
- Use heavy duty cords so that the cord doesn’t whither away which could cause an electrical problem or even a fire.
“Whether you’re new to using a generator or well experienced, there are a few things you need to know to operate it safely”


Bimetallic protectors are only placed on the electric motor when the client makes the request
So that the electric motor does not suffer from excessive heat that is detrimental to both your life as to its operation, the elements that protect the electric motor are: thermal relay, bimetal protectors, thermistor and termorresistores.
Bimetallic protectors are installed inside the electric motor em2542t that is the headwaters of the coils. This equipment is ideal as it gives greater protection to the electric motor before possible faults that the electric motor suffers, besides the constant monitoramente the winding temperature through sensors.
Bimetallic protectors has a bimetal disc that forms a closed contact and this makes the position is changed and thus the temperature reaches a value that was previously determined.
Upon reaching this temperature, the contact is opened. Bimetallic protectors are different, it is not placed on the electric motor when the client makes the request.
The most famous electric bicycle market is the E-Bike, because this bike allows the rider to choose from three different ways to make use of electric assistance, because only on the pedal without electric motor assistance; Pedaling with electric motor assistance or only the electric motor.
The E-Bikes has a system known as TAG acronym whose meaning twist and go and that is to turn the throttle and go. In the E-Bike, the speed comes quickly to 50km / h and so the bike is no longer bike and becomes an electric moped, because the bike is nothing more than a vehicle of human propulsion.
Ventilation is the main way that the electric motor is to reduce the temperature inside
An electric motor has thermal equilibrium when the heat that is generated inside the computer while it transforms electrical energy into mechanical can be dissipated at the same time. Ventilation is the main way that the electric motor is to reduce the temperature inside.
More usual ventilation systems in electric motor are: the open motor and totally enclosed motor.
Open electric motor that allows the cooling medium has free movement throughout the engine and also have direct contact with the air of the parties that were heated inside the electric motor.
Already fully enclosed electric motor causes the heat to be put out only by the engine outer surface because there is no flow between the cooling medium and the interior and exterior of the electric motor housing.
The balance that is subjected the electric motor is a process that aims to better distribute the mass of a body to be reduced so that the free centrifugal forces acting on the electric motor support bearings.
The electric motor is unbalanced when the principal axis of inertia is not coincident with the axis of rotation and this effect is caused by an asymmetry aims at distributing the mass of a rotating body.
The balancing of the electric motor ac motors l1509trotor assembly is made in the correction system in two planes that are at opposite ends of the rotor. The balancing of the fan that is the electric motor is made as a correction plan because the distance between the support bearings is large and on the other hand the axial displacement is small and is called static balancing.
To make a homemade electric motor has no secret. You can find many tutorials on the internet that show how to do step by step, and when you have all the materials ready is not difficult. Just follow correctly what is being taught.
Taking a good tutorial or even an explanatory video, you can even make homemade electric motor. Be sure to check this option because it is really interesting. Normally, the engine that you do at home is simpler and so that ends up being suitable for most standard applications.
Homemade electric motor scm series drive 1 hp sm41, as a rule, is done with the use of magnet, but you may get a tutorial using another material. Before you start making your check will work as the structure of it, so you have an idea what you’re doing. The most important is that you get what you want, which is an engine made at home.
When it has many features that influence the price of an electric motor is difficult to define this detail. That’s because electric motors have many kinds of variations and even many different brands, so the price will always vary and it is not correct to establish a value for you.
Today we have various types of electric motors t3533411s that meet very varied purposes. This arose due to the great development of these machines that was essential to the success of the same. Today it can offer an excellent efficiency in the process and more economically than most machines that do the same procedure.
Think again deals and offers from shops so you can find a more affordable price for the purchase of its electric motor. If you prefer, do not forget that also has the electric motor option used that it is still a great option depending on the type of application you want. Sometimes the used engine can meet the same requirements that the new model would meet.


Happy Friday, Happy belated Pi Day on March 14th (3-14), and Happy St. Patrick’s Day to those who celebrate that holiday!
The book Chemistry on a Budget contains inexpensive chemistry labs that are useful with easy to obtain materials.
There are two versions of each lab, one with a ten-question conclusion and one with directions for a full lab report. This way the teacher has the option! Each lab is two pages to allow for one two-sided handout.
You can buy this lab book for $23 at amazon.com or lulu.com. It will take 1-2 weeks to get to you -- Order Now. It’s a great resource!
*Some of you have already purchased my lab book – be sure to check out Page 141 !
As published on November 28, 2016,
“The University of Bristol, in England, has developed new technology that uses nuclear waste to generate electricity in a nuclear-powered battery. A team of physicists and chemists from the university has "grown a man-made diamond" that, when placed in a radioactive field, is able to generate a small electrical current. The developers say the innovation could solve some of the problems of nuclear waste, clean electricity generation and battery life.”
“Dr. Neil Fox from Bristol’s School of Chemistry further explained that carbon-14 was chosen as a source material because it emits a short-range radiation (a beta particle which is essentially the nucleus’ version of an electron), that is quickly absorbed by any solid material. Held within a diamond, such short-range radiation cannot escape, especially since we put a thin layer of non-radioactive diamond on the outside. Since diamond is the hardest substance known to humans, there is literally nothing we could use that could offer more protection.”
“The team have demonstrated a prototype 'diamond battery' using Nickel-63 as the radiation source. However, they are now working to significantly improve efficiency by utilising carbon-14, a radioactive version of carbon, which is generated in graphite blocks used to moderate the reaction in nuclear power plants. Research by academics at Bristol has shown that the radioactive carbon-14 is concentrated at the surface of these blocks, making it possible to process it to remove the majority of the radioactive material. The extracted carbon-14 is then incorporated into a diamond to produce a nuclear-powered battery.”
“Nuclear reactors generate heat from highly radioactive uranium rods. The rods are placed in blocks of graphite to control the heat flow and nuclear reactions. After years of absorbing nuclear radiation, the graphite blocks become highly radioactive as well. When nuclear power plants are decommissioned, they have to dispose of the graphite blocks.
The researchers realized they could heat the carbon blocks, which causes the radioactive carbon to turn into a gas. This gas is then collected and compressed to form a diamond. This diamond has some cool properties. Because of its radioactive nature, it can generate a small electric current. This requires no moving parts or maintenance, and can last for thousands of years without needing to be replaced.”
Here is a 4:45 minute video produced by the United Kingdom (UK) briefly describing a nuclear power plant, the nuclear waste, and how it is
Remember that only one part of a nuclear reactor (the graphite rods) is being reused and that the spent nuclear fuel rods still have to be contained for a long period of time.
“…a prototype diamond battery that uses an unstable isotope of nickel (nickel–63) as its radiation source.
Nickel 63 has a half-life of approximately 100 years, meaning the researchers' prototype device would still hold about 50 percent of its 'charge' in 100 years' time.
But the scientists say there's an even better source they could work with – and doing so would end up providing a solution for the UK's massive stockpiles of nuclear waste.
The first generation of Magnox nuclear reactors in the UK produced during the 1950s through to the 1970s used graphite blocks to help sustain the nuclear reactions, but the technique comes at a cost.
During the process, the graphite blocks themselves become radioactive, generating an unstable carbon isotope,
The last of these Magnox reactors was retired in 2015, but after decades of nuclear power generation, there's an awful lot of waste byproduct left over, with almost 95,000 tonnes of these graphite blocks needing to be safely stored and monitored while they remain radioactive. And that could be a pretty long time, given that carbon–14 has a half-life of about 5,730 years.
While that means carbon–14 has to be stored for an extremely long time, it also means the material could make for some amazingly long-lasting batteries – if it can be repurposed into the diamond structure, like the team did with nickel–63.
'Carbon–14 was chosen as a source material because it emits a short-range radiation, which is quickly absorbed by any solid material,' says one of the researchers, Neil Fox.
‘This would make it dangerous to ingest or touch with your naked skin, but safely held within diamond, no short-range radiation can escape. In fact, diamond is the hardest substance known to man, there is literally nothing we could use that could offer more protection.’ “
“But what about that radioactivity? It poses little threat; in fact, the amount of radiation emitted by the diamond battery is smaller than the amount that is naturally occurring in a banana. The radiation is held within the diamond by a coating of non-radioactive diamond material. Since diamond is the hardest material known, it is well protected. In addition, carbon-14 emits only short-range radiation, which is absorbed by any solid material.
At this point, the amount of power produced by a radioactive diamond is minimal; one diamond with one gram of carbon-14 would produce 15 Joules per day, less than an AA battery. However, with a life expectancy of thousands of years, these diamonds could find a place in devices that can’t easily be accessed for replacement, such as pacemakers and medical devices, or satellites and spacecraft.”
These articles are useful because of their use of the language of Nuclear Chemistry (isotope identification, types of electromagnetic radiation).
Here are other blog posts you might find useful:
02/11/2015 Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry
02/18/2015 Nuclear Chemistry -- Part II
(Fission, Fusion & Half-Life)
02/11/2015 Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry
05/07/2015 Penny Battery
03/26/2016 Nuclear Waste Storage
08/07/2016 Debate about Nuclear Power
*This Blog contains several entries that would be helpful to your chemistry classroom. Check out the Topic List to help you to find past Blog entries.
Also, Write To Me about your successes, challenges, or questions in the Chemistry Classroom.
Remember, buying a copy of the lab book Chemistry on a Budget can be very useful to your Chemistry classroom with labs and class article ideas.
Have a great weekend!