Adesso 2.4 GHz RF Wireless SlimTouch Pro Touchpad Keyboard WBK-4200UB
This is the third in a series of Adesso Keyboards I have tested. The Adesso 2.4 GHz RF Wireless SlimTouch Pro Touchpad Keyboard is a big brother to the Mini Wireless Keyboard I tested last. When opening this one I thought “Just another Big Keyboard.” After running the tests and using it for a day I have to say it is more than that. There were a few bumps in the road but it was overall a great experience.
Getting things to link up was my first issue. It would help if there was a flashing light in the on/off area to make me feel that something was happening in the Linking operation. The USB wireless receiver did flash once ant then nothing. After I tried on/off and plugged in the receiver twice it finally linked. I found that out by moving the pointer when using the touch pad. With access to 12 channels and 6500 IDs I found the 30 foot access to wireless to be a fair claim. This product works well with Desktops and Notebooks with wireless capability.
Once started I found the touchpad and the keyboard seem much easier to use. The touchpad pointer is steady and the keyboard gives good tactile feedback. Solitaire without a mouse was not as easy to play when using the touchpad and the left button below it to click and drag cards. It got better with practice.
I really like all the Function buttons. They run vertically on each side of the keyboard. Once I got them down I was easily able to perform many tasks. The Sleep feature is a good addition as is the on/off switch to conserve batteries. That is if you remember to use it.
Connection: 2.4 GHz RF Smartlink with 12 Auto-Changeable channels (65000 IDs per channel)
Wireless Range Distance: 30 ft
4 Internet Hotkeys: (Scroll Up/Down, Home, E-mail and Forward/Back
6 Multimedia Hotkeys:(Play/Pause, Stop, Previous Track, Next Track, Vol+/Vol- and Mute )
3 PC Hotkeys:(My Computer, Search and Sleep)
Keyboard Dimensions: 16.5" x 8.0" x 0.75"
Mini USB Receiver Dimensions: 1.65" x 0.75" x 0.25"
Weight: 2.0 lbs
Number of Keycaps: 87 Keys Mini Layout in an ultra-stylish design.
Keyboard Technology: Membrane Switch
Mouse Function: Touchpad with two Buttons
Switch Life: 5 Million Cycles
Switch Travel: 3.0+/- 0.3mm
Includes 2 AAA Battery
Active mode: 7mA
Standby mode: 5mA, Without any movement, the keyboard will go into standby mode.
Sleep mode: 150uA, 10 minutes in standby mode, the keyboard will go into sleep mode
The Adesso 2.4 GHz RF Wireless SlimTouch Pro Touchpad Keyboard performed well with the Lenovo R400 ThinkPad as well as the Dell Desktop. I feel this keyboard is a good wireless option for those who want all the bells and whistles and need to use it up close or at a distance. Retail at $119.99 but selling for as low as $78.75 online. If you are looking for a smaller version more portable version with fewer buttons read my review of the Adesso Mini Keyboard.
For more details on this product CLICK HERE
For more info on all Adesso products CLICK HERE


About the Authors
Ian C. Stewart is a chemist at a petrochemical company. He formerly worked with Nobel
Prize-winning chemist Robert H. Grubbs and is the recipient of several fellowships. He
lives in Houston, Texas.
Justin P. Lomont is a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow whose doctoral
research at the University of California Berkeley focuses on organometallic reaction
mechanisms using ultra-fast infrared spectroscopy. He lives in Berkeley, California.


Introduction: In the ever-evolving landscape of global events, the latest news brings a myriad of breakthroughs, challenges, and discoveries. From advancements in technology to geopolitical shifts, let’s delve into some of the most notable updates shaping our world.
- Scientific Milestone: Quantum Computing Achieves Unprecedented Success Scientists have recently achieved a groundbreaking milestone in the realm of quantum computing. A team of researchers successfully demonstrated the execution of complex algorithms on a quantum processor, marking a significant leap towards the realization of quantum supremacy. This achievement opens new frontiers in computing capabilities, with potential implications for fields such as cryptography, drug discovery, and optimization problems.
- Renewable Energy Revolution: Record-Breaking Solar Power Installation The global push towards sustainable energy received a boost as a solar power project set a new record for the largest installation of solar panels. Located in a sun-drenched region, the project is poised to generate a substantial amount of clean energy, further propelling the transition towards renewable sources and mitigating the impacts of climate change.
- Medical Breakthrough: Promising Results in mRNA Vaccine Research The field of medicine has witnessed another triumph with promising results emerging from ongoing research on mRNA vaccines. Scientists are reporting positive outcomes http://www.swanagejazz.org.uk/ in the development of vaccines for previously challenging diseases, raising hopes for more effective and versatile immunization strategies in the future. This development not only showcases the power of mRNA technology but also underscores the potential for innovative solutions to combat a range of illnesses.
- Space Exploration: Mission to Unravel the Mysteries of a Distant Planet The cosmos continues to captivate humanity’s curiosity as a new space mission embarks on a journey to explore a distant planet. Equipped with state-of-the-art instruments, the spacecraft aims to unravel the mysteries of this celestial body, providing insights into the origins of our solar system and possibly offering clues about the existence of extraterrestrial life.
- Global Affairs: Diplomatic Initiatives Reshape International Relations The diplomatic landscape is witnessing shifts and realignments as nations come together to address pressing global challenges. Key diplomatic initiatives have been launched to foster cooperation on issues such as climate change, cybersecurity, and public health. These collaborative efforts signal a growing recognition of the interdependence of nations and the need for collective action to address shared concerns.
Conclusion: As we navigate the intricate tapestry of global events, the latest news reflects the relentless pursuit of progress and understanding. From scientific breakthroughs to diplomatic endeavors, each development contributes to the ever-changing narrative of our world. As we look ahead, these stories serve as a reminder of the collective human spirit that propels us towards innovation, discovery, and a shared future.


TelecommunicationsThe up-to-date cable laying equipment is used for laying the telecommunication lines, by applying the trenchless technologies
- Equipment of main and distributive telecommunication networks;
- Equipment of telephone conduit;
- Laying of the fibre-optic lines of inter-city and inter-station communications;
- Reconstruction of the telecommunication networks;
- Installation and testing of the cable TV network;
- Laying and renovation of the signalling networks;
- Installation of the video surveillance and protective signalling networks;
- Site preparation for laying the cable lines.
The up-to-date cable laying equipment is used for laying the telecommunication lines, by applying the trenchless technologies.
A special injection equipment is used to inject the fibre-optic cables to the high-pressure HDPE tubes.
The optical reflectometers, as well as single-mode and multi-mode fibre-optic power meters, are used to measure the parameters of the fibre-optic lines.


The Development of Mobile Application in 2018
As app development frameworks get updated, so too the knowledge of app developers. Enterprise apps have become a thing, providing businesses with an avenue that will help them get closer to their clients.
There are so many emerging technologies that would make an already robust enterprise app even better. Below are just some of the things that could help shape up the industry in 2018 specifically in mobile app development.
1. Cloud Dominance
Cloud services are nothing new. Although the majority of such services have become more secure, it is still best that you integrate more cloud services. In other words, cloud service diversification would be necessary.
There are a couple of reasons why app developers should do this. For one, no cloud service is ever secure, so in the event that one gets compromised, there are still other servers to fall back on.
Second, you can upload as many files as you want from across many different cloud services.
2. The Emergence of Blockchain in the Industry
Since the increasing popularity of cryptocurrency has become more apparent, blockchain technology is also becoming more and more popular.
This technology amplifies security measures. In fact, I am willing to bet that companies in the future would incorporate this technology into their company operations.
A brief explainer: blockchain technology has many applications. One of the most common is the fact that it can provide amazing security when you transact something over. For instance, if you want to trade your bitcoins to another user, the only people who are going to know about the transaction are you and the buyer.
2018 is going to be the year for massive rollouts so expect to see this technology being implemented in most mobile apps in the future.
3. Prevalence of PaaS Platforms
Platform-as-a-Service or PaaS is going to be the future of app development. Enterprises can leverage multiple PaaS systems by using what Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and Apple has given to the app developers.
Aside from providing amazing tools and frameworks, PaaS also makes use of cloud technology so developers can easily upload their code safely to the cloud.
4. The Use and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence, IoT, and Big Data in Enterprise Apps
The realm of artificial intelligence is ever-expanding and some of its technologies are already being introduced to app developers. One of the most popular ones is machine learning which helps personalize the user’s experience by providing them with suggestions and solutions based on their behavior while using the app.
Chatbots are also part of AI and it helps enterprises do certain mundane tasks so that their current employees can work on another project, for example.
“Big Data” has also been incorporated in app development as well. It provides greater complexity, making them appealing to use in creating mobile applications.
Lastly, the Internet of Things is going to be more popular in the foreseeable future as more and more smart devices are being released to the public.


Brasco’s PLS (Photovoltaic Lighting Solution) module is available in a variety of sizes ranging from 30W, 55W, 65W, 100W and 120W panels, with custom configurations available upon request. The PLS is an outdoor-rated LED lighting system designed for transit shelter, bike shelter and cart corral illumination. The PLS uses UL listed and CE certified components providing third party safety approvals to ensure the most reliable quality and performance. Its 5W LED light is rated as one of the safest LED lights for outdoor / damp locations as well as one of the highest luminaire outputs.
PLS System Components Include:
UL Listed Photovoltaic Solar Panel, UL Listed 5 Watt LED Light, UL Recognized Photovoltaic Batteries, CE Certified Photovoltaic Controller, Powder Coated Aluminum Housing
The PLS module can be mounted to any existing shelter or included with new shelter orders. It's aluminum housing box is powder coated to match, and the unit is factory installed prior to shipping on all new shelter orders.
For a quote or to speak directly with a Brasco consultant, please call (313) 393-0393 or email us here.


Artificial intelligence (AI) has undergone unprecedented development in recent years and is increasingly conquering various industries. One industry that is particularly benefiting from the possibilities of AI is the pharmaceutical industry. With its ability to analyze large amounts of data, recognize patterns and solve complex problems, AI is revolutionizing the way drugs are discovered, developed and marketed. In this article, we take a comprehensive look at the exciting field of AI in pharma, highlighting its advances, opportunities and challenges.
AI has the potential to accelerate and improve the drug discovery process. Using algorithms and machine learning, large databases of medical information, chemical compounds and biological data can be analyzed to identify promising compounds. AI models can predict the likelihood that a particular compound is a potential drug, streamlining the selection and prioritization of candidates.
For an example in drug discovery, click here. With the help of artificial intelligence, researchers have discovered an antibiotic against multidrug-resistant germs (Source: INGENIEUR).
The combination of AI and genomics is enabling a breakthrough in precision medicine. By analyzing genomic data, AI algorithms can identify patterns and correlations between gene variants and diseases. This enables the development of personalized therapies tailored to a patient's individual genetic characteristics and needs. AI-powered diagnostic tools can also help physicians better understand complex disease patterns and make more accurate diagnoses.
Conducting clinical trials is a costly and time-consuming process. This is where AI can make a big difference. By analyzing patient data and profiles, AI can help identify suitable patients for clinical trials and speed up recruitment. In addition, algorithms can analyze large volumes of clinical data and identify patterns that indicate safety risks or drug efficacy.
Despite the many opportunities AI offers in the pharmaceutical industry, there are also challenges and ethical concerns. The use of patient data and ensuring privacy are important issues that must be carefully addressed. In addition, there is a risk of bias and discrimination if AI algorithms are not adequately validated or ethically programmed. Proper oversight and regulation of AI in the pharmaceutical industry is therefore essential to ensure that it is used responsibly.
Artificial intelligence has the potential to revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry by accelerating drug development, enabling personalized therapies and increasing the efficiency of clinical research. Advances in AI technology are opening new avenues for drug discovery and development, disease treatment, and improving overall patient care.
However, more research, investment and collaboration is needed to fully realize the potential of AI in the pharmaceutical industry. It is important that pharmaceutical companies, research institutions and regulators work together to address the challenges and consider the ethical issues so that AI truly benefits people.
With the right balance of innovation, ethical responsibility and regulation, AI in pharma could have a positive and lasting impact on healthcare worldwide. It remains exciting to watch future developments in this area and see how AI will continue to transform the pharmaceutical industry.
Transformation requires time and team members who accompany and support the innovations. If you are looking for the right employee (m/f/d) for your pharmaceutical company, we can support you with our specialized network. For more than 10 years, the recruitment consultants of BESTMINDS have been staffing highly qualified specialists and executives in the following industries with a great deal of know-how and commitment: Medical Technology, Healthcare, Pharma / Life Sciences and IT / Media. Fairly, loyally and discreetly we face your challenges and wishes. Please feel free to contact us for a non-binding initial interview in order to hire your new employee (m/f/d) promptly. Or: to fill your vacancy quickly.


Hello fellow students of wireless history,
This morning I read this interesting bit of information about Marconi’s
renowned vertical antenna:
Edison patented a system of wireless communication by electrostatic
induction. He placed two high masts at a distance apart and fixed a
metal plate on top of each. One metal plate was charged to a high
voltage producing an electric field, which could be detected on the
plate of the receiving mast. The two plates on the high masts were the
first electrical aerials. The patent for the aerials was sold to the
Italian electrical engineer Guglielmo Marconi (further Marchese)
[eighteen years later] in 1903 .
Oxford, Carendon Press, 1867.
(You can confirm this quotation on Google Books:
Although Google has apparently digitized this entire text of the 2006 book titled History Of Wireless, they only permit viewing 72 of the 684 pages. However, searches do provide small excerpts of the pages upon which the search terms may be found.)
The above quotation is from page 79 of the 2006 book titled History Of
Wireless. The wealth of historical information contained in the
chronological time line in the beginning of the book is astounding in its
value in grasping the comprehensive collaboration of scientists,
researchers, and experimental developers of early electromagnetic discovery and implementation. The complete 674 page book (12.5 MB, 13,154,307 bytes) appears to be available for free download here:
United States Patent US0465971
Application Number: US465971DA
Application filed May 23, 1885
Serial No. 166,455
Publication Date: 12/29/1891
As the above patent appears to show antenna masts positioned at distances that would enable line-of-sight communications to overcome the curvature of the earth, it would seem to contradict the “grasshopper” comments below.
On page 84 of History Of Wireless is found this bit of interesting
Captain Henry Jackson (later Sir Henry Jackson and First Sea Lord) of the British Admiralty sent Morse-codes by wireless over a few hundred
Page 68  W. Thomson and P. G. Tait, /Treatise on Natural Philosophy,
Oxford, Carendon Press, 1867.
Innovation and the Communications Revolution From the Victorian pioneers to broadband Internet, by John Bray. The full 335 page (3.36 MB, 3,526,956 bytes) book is available for free download at the above link.
The book The Origins of Maritime Radio details Henry Jackson’s very early wireless experimentation with wireless pre-dating Marconi, and in
collaboration with him:
Means for transmitting signals electrically 178/43 An electromagnetic
induction system Edison called “grasshopper telegraphy”, which allowed
telegraphic signals to jump the short distance between a running train and
telegraph wires running parallel to the tracks. This system was successful
technically but not economically, as there turned out to be little interest
by train travelers in an on-board telegraph service.
Thomas Alva Edison Issue Date: December 29, 1891 US465971
In 1883 Edison made a significant discovery in pure science, the Edison
effect–electrons flowed from incandescent filaments. With a metal-plate
insert, the lamp could serve as a valve, admitting only negative
electricity. Although “etheric force” had been recognized in 1875 and the
Edison effect was patented in 1883, the phenomenon was little known outside the Edison laboratory. (At this time existence of electrons was not generally accepted.) This “force” underlies radio broadcasting,
long-distance telephony, sound pictures, television, electric eyes, x-rays,
high-frequency surgery, and electronic musical instruments. In 1885 Edison patented a method to transmit telegraphic “aerial” signals, which worked over short distances, and later sold this “wireless” patent to Guglielmo Marconi.
In 1882 Edison made an amazing scientific discovery termed the Edison
Effect. He discovered that in a vacuum, electrons flowed from a heated
element (such as an incandescent filament) to a cooler metal plate. The
electrons flow only one way, from the hot element to the cool plate, like a
diode. This effect is now called “thermionic emission.”
A method to transmit telegraphic “aerial” signals over short distances was
patented by Edison in 1885. The “wireless” patent was later sold to


Though blockchain still seems like an abstract idea to some, this emerging technology is making global waves.
As the people who drive business, governments and NGOs better understand the advantages of secure, distributed, ledger technology, the pace of blockchain technology adoption grows. In the very near future, blockchain’s intermediary-free transactions will be how business gets done. It will be the mainstream rule, not the exception.
Blockchain isn’t a one-size-fits-all technology; it’s a game-changing baseline technology that will benefit the many, from local start-ups to national governments. It can be designed in seemingly endless configurations for a multitude of purposes, wherever information is transferred and validated.
Any organization that could benefit from increased trust, security, and efficiency, will benefit from blockchain. It drives all three, which in turn, triggers greater revenue creation, cost reduction, and consumer impact, making it increasingly valuable for businesses. It’s an exciting time for a technology that hasn’t come close to seeing its limits.


The wire harness that provides input to the ECM including servo position and main power.
This harness provides power to the fuel pump and receives the throttle position input from the aircraft receiver (channel 3) or a pulse width modulated input ranging from 900 to 2100 µs. The wires are protected with high resistant PTFE jacketing and additional fiberglass sleeving, creating a tough harness that can handle the vibration and harsh environment of flight. Outputs include battery, kill/enable, servo in, fuel pump, and tach out.
An un-terminated battery connection is provided for system power (10 to 15V 2000 mAh battery or greater)
See engine operators manual for harness pin designations.
|Package Dimensions||15.24 × 17.78 × 1.27 cm|


iNaturalist is a natural science project and online social network of naturalists, citizen scientists, and biologists which operates within the concept of mapping and sharing observations of biodiversity across the globe. The organisation launched in 2008.
iNaturalist has released a smart phone app called Seek which is available for download from the Apple App Store (search for iNaturalist Seek) free of cost. The app uses image recognition technology to help identify plants and animals via phone photos.
The Seek iOS app was created by iNaturalist at the California Academy of Sciences and National Geographic Society with support from HHMI Tangled Bank Studios.
With location services activated on your iOS smart phone, the INaturalist Seek app will also provide details of some of the commonly recorded insects, birds, plants, amphibians and more within your own region.
No registration is required and no user data is collected (think about the current Facebook fiasco).
The recognition technology functions something like Shazam does for music.
Rejigit installed the Seek app and found it worked o’k for common plant species but it was not able to identify a couple of less well known species (Rejigit doesn’t know what they are either).
Presumably the app will become more efficient as the INaturalist data base grows relating to particular areas.
Images via iNaturalist https://www.inaturalist.org/


PISEN 3-Port USB Travel Wall Charger 5V/3.1A USB Plug Power Adapter with Smart Technology and Foldable Plug for iPhone X/8/7/6s/6 Plus, iPad, Samsung Galaxy, LG, Moto, Kindle and More
Buy New: $9.99 (On sale from $17.99)
as of 5/22/2018 15:32 CDT details
You Save: $8.00 (44%)
Seller: PISEN DIRECT
Sales Rank: 2,782
Shipping Weight (lbs): 0.2
Dimensions (in): 2.3 x 2.2 x 1.1
Shipping: Eligible for FREE Super Saver Shipping
Availability: Usually ships in 24 hours
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| * ||Fast Charging: 3-port (1x1A+2xSmart 2.4A) USB output. Enables simultaneous fast charge of multiple devices for you and your family or friends (Does not support Qualcomm Quick Charge)|
| * ||Smart IC Technology: Automatically detects and delivers the optimal charging current for connected devices best current(up to 2.4A current) - ensuring the fastest, most efficient charge(max 15.5W/3.1A output)|
| * ||Portable for Travel: Compact design, foldable plug, covers 100v and 240v input which can be switched and used in most country for perfect travel|
| * ||Safe And Durable: Built-in safety protect system to prevent over-current, over charge, over voltage and short circuit, rugged shell, scratch -resistant, providing a longer service life|
| * ||What You Get：Pisen 3-port USB Charger; User Manual; Pisen 18-month worry-free warranty and friendly customer service|
Pisen, Inventor of power bank in 2004, is a smart technology provider with leading global sales to over 200 million customers.
For more than ten years, Pisen, known for its stable performance and user-friendly designs.
has provided satisfying products for customers from 35 countries
Muti-function USB port provide max 15.5W/3.1A output, be able to charge for three machines include smart phone, ipad, kindle,bluetooth video and power bank stimoulously meet your requirement of several machines conduct fast charging.
This product have compact design, small size(2.3 × 2.2× 1.1 in) with foldable plug meet your requirement of staying at home,in office or outgoing useage ,and 100-240 volt input ideal for international travel.
Smart charging techlonogy
Automatically inspect your machine, intelligently recoglise the input currency for your equipment to provide the best suitable charging spreed, the max charging speed could reach 2.4A
Super quality cell
Heating resistant PC material, prevent you from crush resistance , anti-dirty
Built-in advanced muti-protection safety system prevent over currency, over-heating, and short-circuit.
Number of USB port: 3
Input: 100V-240V 50/60HZ 0.5A
Output: 5V-3.1A MAX


We design nearfield, midfield, and farfield monitors tailored to your studio.
For mixing, monitoring, mastering and tracking.
MID MASTERING 5
2 way monitors. 5 inch woofer. Frequency response 100hz-15khz. Impedance 8 ohms.
Ideal super crystalline and detailed mastering. 5-inch ultra-linear woofer. Inverted dome tweeter. Frequency response52hz – 30khz. Impedance 8 ohms.
mixing and mastering. Open ultra-linear silk tweeters 180m ultra-wide response woofers. Frequency response 48hz-30khz Impedance 8 ohms
Mastering, mixingy tracking. Double 180mm woofers. 28mm tweeter. Ideal to listen to the performance and final mix. Frequency response 36hz-30khz. Impedance 4 ohms.
Precision, openness and reality of your performance. Silk dome tweeters/inverted dome tweeter measures 5” dual 180mm woofers. Frequency response 32hz-30khz. Impedance 6 ohms.
ACTIVOS HOME STUDIO
28mm titanium tweeter. Kevlar woofer 180mm Dual amplifier 60w RMS digital IEC II B&O. Includes analog optical input and bluetooth. Remote control ideal for studios. For mixing mastering and monitoring
Bringing sound as it was first recorded.
Company dedicated to the development, design and manufacture of loudspeakers & audio amplifiers


Massive data capture systems have meant a disruption in the traditional data capture, allowing the optimization of costs and the capture of a huge and precise amount of information demanded by sectors of the economy such as energy efficiency, infrastructure management, generation of maps, Smarticities, etc.
Estudios GIS has been working with aerial mobile mapping systems since 2010, using drones or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) that board sensors that allow the generation of cartography, ortophotos, Point Clouds, thermal maps, vegetation indexes, etc.
We also provide terrestrial mobile mapping solutions; our Mobile Mapping system is usable in any type of vehicle (terrestrial, aerial or maritime) and is composed by sensors for capturing information (camera, LIDAR, ...), navigation devices (GPS and IMU), etc.
This system facilitates the capture of field data of various infrastructures with different purposes (e.g.: lighting network, elements of road infraestructures,...).
After the compilation of the graphic information in field, it is processed by a specific software in cabinet that allows its treatment, generation and dissemination.


We at PortaCooker.com have chosen the most practical travel adapter that can be used ergonomically with PortaCooker. Most travel adapters are bulky which will not hold firmly on EU or US type plug. With this adapter, it will solve that issue.
– Compact design, lightweight and portable.
– With 2 USB charge for your charging needs.
– Can be used worldwide.
– With storage box.
AC Input – 110-250 V 50/60 HZ
Rated Current – 10 A
USB Outlet – 5 VDC/1000mA


Recording EMG with the Actiwave
The Actiwave EMG is a dedicated two channel ambulatory EMG logging device. The EMG setup offers the option of setting a low or high range as EMG signals can vary considerably depending upon electrode type and positioning.
The unit weighs only 5.6 grams and is 25 x 27 x 8.5 mm making the device small enough for ambulatory conditions and discrete enough to have the lowest possible impact on patient burden; the recorder can simply be taped or glued to the skin near to the position of the electrodes. The very small size and weight of these units makes them ideal for paediatric and veterinary use.
EMG recordings are fully exportable as EDF+ files to any third-party software. Full details on software programmes that are compatible with the Actiwave range are available on the Actiwave Software Page.


Waydoo Flyer One
1. Assemble the mast: Turn the EPP Board over to insert the Mast & Power and then assemble vertically into the board installation port. After inserting the mast-head into the hub, make sure it fits and aligns with the L-shaped bolts, and then tighten.
2. Attach the Tail Wing on the tail-end mounting hub and tighten the two M6*15 bolts clockwise with the 4mm Hexagon Wrench.
3. Put the Main Wing on the front-end mounting hub and tighten the two M6*24 bolts clockwise with the 4mm Hexagon Wrench.
4. Flip over the EPP Board and proceed to the next step.
5. Installing the PowerFlight Cell: Position the battery compartment upward and reset both Rotary Locks. Then insert the PowerFlight Cell into the battery compartment. Turn both Rotary Locks 180-degree to securely lock the battery in place.
6. Connect the controller (follow the pairing process)
Please check the spinning of the propeller by your hand when
the whole product is TURNED OFF, and see if the spinning is smooth and in good order, or whether there is anything stuck there.
Then check the speed setting mode of your remote. Press the "+" and the "-" buttons to enter the Menu screen. Use "+" and "-" to scroll up and down, and the power button to confirm. Enter the "Mode" setting and see if the limited speed mode is on. Change the setting as you want.
If the problem is still not solved, please stop using and contact after-sales service in time.
Regularly check the waterproof components (such as the controller, the battery, and the mast head) for damage and the status of each module of the power system and control system.
1.After using the product, turn off the remote/controller and battery.
2. To clean the Power Assembly & Wing Set, align the water inlet of the motor mount with a freshwater pipe, and clean the motor mount for approx. 30 seconds to ensure that the motor mount is clean and free of debris. Next, clean the motor shroud, propeller, and propeller guard. Afterward, clean the mast plug. Make sure to remove any salt, sand, or other debris that is found. Finally, clean the mast.
3. Clean the board, battery mounting position, and the mast mounting base and other parts with fresh water to ensure that
there is no salt, sand, or other debris remaining. Wipe with a dry towel and let it sit in a dry environment to remove the remaining water.
4. Clean the battery, battery integrated ports, and buttons with fresh water. Use a dry
towel and let it stand in a dry environment to remove the remaining water.
5. Clean the remote control. Pay special attention to the location of the remote control trigger. If you find that there is a jam when pulling the trigger, check whether there is any sand in the trigger. If so, rinse the sand out with clean water.
6. After cleaning, wait for the moisture of all parts to dry before putting the parts back into the package.
7. When storing this product,
avoid direct sunlight. Ultraviolet rays and high temperatures will cause permanent damage to the product.
8. To ensure safety, make sure to turn off the remote control and battery when transporting this product.
1. This product uses magnetic charging to reduce friction between terminals.
2. When the charging cable connector is closed to the charging port of the remote/controller, the
charging connector automatically connects in order to charge. The charging time is 3 hours.
Step1: Press ‘+’ and ‘-’ at the same time; Enter Menu Surface (Power button- confirm; ‘+’
& ’-’ scroll up and down)
Step2: Confirm ‘Mode’ option
Step3: Confirm ‘Speed Limit’ option
Step4: Press ‘+’ or ‘-’ to switch the SL mode to ‘ON’ or ‘OFF’; then confirm.
Step5: Choose ‘return’ option; then confirm, until you quit the Menu surface. ‘K’ on the screen means the speed limit mode is ON. Use the same method to go back to Settings; turn the SL mode ON or OFF
“Err.1” = Angle sensor initialization failed.
“Err.2” =SPI Flash initialization failed.
“Err. 3” = Angle sensor and SPI Flash initialization failed.
“Err. 4” = GPS failed.
“Err. 7” = Angle sensor initialization, SPI Flash initialization, and GPS failed.
Immediately release the trigger of the remote control to stop the motor, turn off the remote control, lay on the board, and paddle back to land using your hands.
Turn on the remote control and check whether the Bluetooth icon is flashing. If it is flashing, restart the battery and pair again using Bluetooth. If the problem is still not resolved, please stop using and contact after-sales service in time.
If your remote is not paired to the board/battery, showing
"NA" is normal. They have not connected therefore there is no speed readout. If your remote is paired but showing "NA" (no speed readout). It's because the GPS signal is weak at the current spot, it may resume if you move to a spot with a better signal.
1. Unplug all the connectors and remove any debris from the charging ports, especially the battery.
2. Make sure the power supply is sufficient. Try with another power supply if necessary.
3. Firmly plug the charging cable into the battery and then
place the battery facing upwards on the ground (so the weight of the battery
will be put on the plug to keep it from getting loose).
4. Make sure all the connections are tight (the indicator light
of the fast charger must be steady blue).
5. Short-press the Bluetooth
button to activate the charging mode. (the indicator light of fast charger: blinking blue to blinking green)
6. Don't charge the battery right after use. (Always charge it when the battery has cooled down to avoid overheating).
Solid Blue - Standby Mode
Blinking Blue - Connecting Mode
Blinking Green - Charging Mode
Solid Green - Fully Charged
Red - Protection Mode
Please check the magnet. There is a small magnet located under where the battery is positioned. This magnet activates the on/off switch inside the battery case when the battery is placed. On a small number of boards, the aluminum fitting was not flushed with the foam, creating a gap. This results in intermittent power loss while using the board.
Please follow these steps:
Step1: Peel back the top left portion of the sticker in the battery compartment
Step2: Pry up the magnet
Step3: Place a shim under the magnet
Step4: Re-adhere the sticker
Check if the temperature of the battery is too high. If the temperature is too high, stop using it and wait for the battery to cool down before continuing to use it. Check whether the battery level is too low. If the battery is too low, charge immediately. If the problem is still not solved, please stop using this battery and contact after-sales service in time.
First of all, check whether the fault indicator of the battery is on. If it is, please stop using this battery and contact the after-sales service to repair or replace the battery.
Next, check whether the charger indicator is flashing red. If the charger is in good condition, check whether the AC plug of the charger and the integrated battery port is properly connected. Tighten if they are loose.
If the connection is normal, turn the charger over. Make sure the rocker switch of the electrical appliance is in the ON position and then the battery should be able to charge normally.
This indicates a potential short-circuit malfunction inside the battery. Please do not assemble this battery on the board anymore.
1. Keep the battery dry and clean. Store the battery in a place that is cool, dry, not crowded, and out of direct sunlight. Store the battery in 10 to 30 degrees Celcius or 50 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. For long-time storage (over 3 months), please keep the battery level at around 40%-60% (2 -3 blue indicator
lights). (not full or flat)
3. Charge once every 3 months and store it again when the battery level reaches about 50%. This will help extend the life of your battery. Never run the battery until it's completely flat, and always be alert when/if the battery alarm comes on.


The coding scheme uses unequal error protection (UEP), which means that parts of the audio bit-stream that are more susceptible to errors causing audible disturbances are provided with more protection (i.e. This has disadvantages: Time signals, on the contrary, are not a problem in a well-defined network with a fixed delay. The advantages are: finding information in a concise, easy way; finding references on the bottom of the page of the document linked to Wikipedia; learning and finding new things never heard of before and much more. Products requiring technical knowledge cannot be advertised successfully through radio. DAB is more robust with regard to noise and multipath fading for mobile listening, although DAB reception quality degrades rapidly when the signal strength falls below a critical threshold, whereas FM reception quality degrades slowly with the decreasing signal, providing effective coverage over a larger area. 1. The term started to become preferred by the general public in the 1920s with the introduction of broadcasting. Most new receivers are both DAB and DAB+ compatible; however, the issue is exacerbated by some manufacturers disabling the DAB+ features on otherwise compatible radios to save on licensing fees when sold in countries without current DAB+ broadcasts. That multiplex is then subdivided into multiple digital streams of between 9 and 12 programs. DAB can carry "radiotext" (in DAB terminology, Dynamic Label Segment, or DLS) from the station giving real-time information such as song titles, music type and news or traffic updates, of up to 128 characters in length. They are generated by an electronic device called a transmitter connected to an antenna which radiates the waves, and received by a radio receiver connected to another antenna. The modulation signal is applied to a radio transmitter. Up until about 1910 the term "wireless telegraphy" also included a variety of other experimental systems for transmitting telegraph signals without wires, including electrostatic induction, electromagnetic induction and aquatic and earth conduction, so there was a need for a more precise term referring exclusively to electromagnetic radiation. WorldDAB, the organisation in charge of the DAB standards, announced DAB+, a major upgrade to the DAB standard in 2006, when the HE-AAC v2 audio codec (also known as eAAC+) was adopted. The old version of DAB uses punctured convolutional coding for its ECC. Now let’s see what are the Advantages/disadvantages of the radio advertising .  Radio transmitters must be licensed by governments, under a variety of license classes depending on use, and are restricted to certain frequencies and power levels. You'd expect that with the popularity of cable television, DVDs, CDs and the Internet, radio would disappear from our modern lives. Within an overall target bit rate for the DAB ensemble, individual stations can be allocated different bit rates. These higher frequencies permit the great bandwidth required for television broadcasting. The European Electronic Communications Code (EECC) entered into force on 20 December 2018, and must be transposed into national legislation by Member States by 21 December 2020.  The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) launched the first DAB channel in the world on 1 June 1995 (NRK Klassisk), and the BBC and Swedish Radio (SR) launched their first DAB digital radio broadcasts on 27 September 1995. Mono talk radio, news and weather channels and other non-music programs need significantly less bandwidth than a typical music radio station, which allows DAB to carry these programmes at lower bit rates, leaving more bandwidth to be used for other programs. Norway was the first country to announce a complete switch-off of national FM radio stations. Transmitters that are part of an SFN need to be very accurately synchronised with other transmitters in the network, which requires the transmitters to use very accurate clocks. The direction of the beam reveals the object's location. Radio technology. By 2006, 500 million people worldwide were in the coverage area of DAB broadcasts, although by this time sales of receivers had only taken off in the United Kingdom (UK) and Denmark. It has both advantages and disadvantages. The DAB multiplexer adds the proper offset to the distributed time information. DAB is a digital radio broadcasting system that, through the application of multiplexing and compression, combines multiple audio streams onto a relatively narrow band centred on a single broadcast frequency called a DAB ensemble. Radiolocation is a generic term covering a variety of techniques which use radio waves to find the location of objects, or for navigation. In wireless radio remote control devices like drones, garage door openers, and keyless entry systems, radio signals transmitted from a controller device control the actions of a remote device. For single frequency network (SFN) transmission, for example of national programmes, the channel re-use factor is 1, resulting in 1/1/0.25 MHz = 3.85 programmes/transmitter/MHz, which is 12.7 times as efficient as FM for national and regional networks. Radio remote control is the use of electronic control signals sent by radio waves from a transmitter to control the actions of a device at a remote location. Having few digital channels broadcasting in stereo. Radio is very widely used in modern technology, in radio communication, radar, radio navigation, remote control, remote sensing and other applications. This translates into needing more power to effect this conversion than compared to an analogue FM to audio conversion, meaning that portable receiving equipment will have a much shorter battery life, and require higher power (and hence more bulk). The first use of radio- in conjunction with electromagnetic radiation appears to have been by French physicist Édouard Branly, who in 1890 developed the coherer detector, which he called in French a radio-conducteur. In October 2005, the World DMB Forum instructed its Technical Committee to carry out the work needed to adopt the AAC+ audio codec and stronger error correction coding. At the receiver, the radio wave induces a tiny oscillating voltage in the receiving antenna which is a weaker replica of the current in the transmitting antenna. The DAB standard was initiated as a European research project in the 1980s. In the transmitter, an electronic oscillator generates an alternating current oscillating at a radio frequency, called the carrier wave because it serves to "carry" the information through the air. The AAC+ audio coding standard uses a modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) audio data compression algorithm. RF(Radio Frequency) RELATED LINKS. One obvious drawback of radio is that it cannot provide visual information. Our prices are just right. Remote control systems may also include telemetry channels in the other direction, used to transmit real-time information of the state of the device back to the control station. Different radio systems use different modulation methods: Many other types of modulation are also used. Error correction under the DAB standard makes the signal more robust but reduces the total bit rate available for streams. It was first applied to communications in 1881 when, at the suggestion of French scientist Ernest Mercadier, Alexander Graham Bell adopted "radiophone" (meaning "radiated sound") as an alternate name for his photophone optical transmission system. Radio advertisement is one of the most cost-effective form of advertising medium. A radio link which transmits data from the Earth's surface to a spacecraft is called an uplink, while a link which transmits data from the spacecraft to the ground is called a downlink. As they travel farther from the transmitting antenna, radio waves spread out so their signal strength (intensity in watts per square meter) decreases, so radio transmissions can only be received within a limited range of the transmitter, the distance depending on the transmitter power, antenna radiation pattern, receiver sensitivity, noise level, and presence of obstructions between transmitter and receiver. For instance, in Southern Norway, radio listeners experienced an increase in available stations from 6 to 21 when DAB was introduced in November 2006.  However, this invention would not be widely adopted. Since natural and artificial noise sources are less present at these frequencies, high-quality audio transmission is possible, using frequency modulation. DAB has been under development since 1981 at the Institut für Rundfunktechnik (IRT). A broadcast radio receiver is called a radio. Reception difficulties can arise, however, when the relative delay of multipaths exceeds the OFDM guard interval duration, and there are frequent reports of reception difficulties due to this issue when there is a lift, such as when there's high pressure, due to signals travelling farther than usual, and thus the signals are likely to arrive with a relative delay that is greater than the OFDM guard interval. Radio and communications is a career path that interests many young students. Why us? Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. DAB+ has been standardised as European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) TS 102 563. Broadcast media brought an ever-changing variety of entertainment into the home for the first time in history. Radio channels varies from region to region, hence you can listen radio in your regional language. The frequency reuse factor for local programmes and multi-frequency broadcasting networks (MFN) is typically 4 or 5, resulting in 1 / 4 / (0.26 MHz) = 0.96 programmes/transmitter/MHz. In January 2017, an updated DAB specification (2.1.1) removed Modes II, III and IV, leaving only Mode I. some sounds appearing at the centre of the stereo image need not be sent twice). This is similar to a feature of FM called RDS, which enables a radiotext of up to 64 characters.  As with DAB+ or T-DMB in Europe, FM HD Radio uses a codec based upon the MPEG-4 HE-AAC standard. These services can include: The term "DAB" most commonly refers both to a specific DAB standard using the MP2 audio codec, but can sometimes refer to a whole family of DAB-related standards, such as DAB+, DMB and DAB-IP.  However, broadcasters can mix DAB and DAB+ programs inside the same transmission and so make a progressive transition to DAB+. DAB+ broadcasts have launched in several countries like Australia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Hong Kong (now terminated), Italy, Malta, Norway, Poland, Switzerland, Belgium (October 2017), the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. Although they can be operated without a license, like all radio equipment these devices generally must be type-approved before sale. Following Heinrich Hertz's discovery of the existence of radio waves in 1886, a variety of terms were initially used for this radiation, including "Hertzian waves", "electric waves", and "ether waves". "Production of Sound by Radiant Energy" by Alexander Graham Bell, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, standard frequency and time signal services, Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range, Emergency Position Indicating Rescue Beacons, "DAB vs FM: The differences between analogue and digital radio", "What jamming of a wireless security system is and how to resist it | Ajax Systems Blog", "radio | Origin and meaning of radio by Online Etymology Dictionary", "broadcast | Origin and meaning of broadcast by Online Etymology Dictionary", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Radio&oldid=993327731, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 10 December 2020, at 01:25. Radio Advertising Advantages and Disadvantages List. The system spectral efficiency (the average number of radio programmes per MHz and transmitter) is a factor three more efficient than analogue FM for local radio stations. When DAB listeners receive a signal in this intermediate strength area they experience a "burbling" sound which interrupts the playback of the audio. The number of capacity units, or CU, that a certain bit-rate level requires depends on the amount of error correction added to the transmission, as described above. This used up a comparatively large amount of spectrum for a relatively small number of stations, limiting listening choice. The main advantage of placing radio ads is that you can reach a large market while on the go. In some classes, such as radio and television broadcasting stations, the transmitter is given a unique identifier consisting of a string of letters and numbers called a call sign, which must be used in all transmissions. Radio broadcasting means transmission of audio (sound) to radio receivers belonging to a public audience. First and foremost, you need a fast & buffer-free stream.  It has a natural resonant frequency at which it oscillates. Minimizing the bit-rate, to the lowest level of sound-quality that listeners are willing to tolerate, such as 112 kbit/s for stereo and even 48 kbit/s for mono speech radio (LBC 1152 and the Voice of Russia are examples). Two radio transmitters in the same area that attempt to transmit on the same frequency will interfere with each other, causing garbled reception, so neither transmission may be received clearly. Assuming a total availability of 102 FM channels at a bandwidth of 0.2MHz over the Band II spectrum of 87.5 to 108.0 MHz, an average of 102/15 = 6.8 radio channels are possible on each transmitter site (plus lower-power local transmitters causing less interference). Most listeners are doing something else while listening, which means your ad has to work hard to be listened to and understood. A common complaint by listeners is that broadcasters ‘squeeze in’ more stations per ensemble than recommended  by: The nature of a single-frequency network (SFN) is such that the transmitters in a network must broadcast the same signal at the same time. Before World War II, radio navigation could only provide a course or a bearing to a station. A two-way radio is an audio transceiver, a receiver and transmitter in the same device, used for bidirectional person-to-person voice communication with other users with similar radios. The ITU arbitrarily divides the radio spectrum into 12 bands, each beginning at a wavelength which is a power of ten (10n) metres, with corresponding frequency of 3 times a power of ten, and each covering a decade of frequency or wavelength. For example, it would be extremely dangerous to …  In February 2016, the new national network Sound Digital launched with three DAB+ stations.. In radio communication, used in radio and television broadcasting, cell phones, two-way radios, wireless networking and satellite communication among numerous other uses, radio waves are used to carry information across space from a transmitter to a receiver, by modulating the radio signal (impressing an information signal on the radio wave by varying some aspect of the wave) in the transmitter. , Ofcom in the UK published a consultation for a new national multiplex containing a mix of DAB and DAB+ services, with the intention of moving all services to DAB+ in the long term. Ptarmigan and bowman are capable of using similar radio wavelengths such as HF and UHF frequencies. For example, On the one hand, you have more knowledge than at any other time in history. If your dream is to start your own radio station, look no further than CloudRadio. A choice of audio codec, modulation and error-correction coding schemes and first trial broadcasts were made in 1990. Advantages of radio advertising include that it provides specific audience targeting, and it is cheaper than TV. Older terrestrial radio and television is paid for by commercial advertising or governments. The greater bandwidth available has motivated a continuing trend to exploit higher frequencies throughout radio's history. Radio can be enjoyed at home, in office, while driving car and can be enjoyed any where. . The US military has reserved L-Band in the USA only, blocking its use for other purposes in America, and the United States has reached an agreement with Canada to restrict L-Band DAB to terrestrial broadcast to avoid interference. Jan 28, 2016 Aug 4, 2015 by Crystal Lombardo. , DAB uses a wide-bandwidth broadcast technology and typically spectra have been allocated for it in Band III (174–240 MHz) and L band (1.452–1.492 GHz), although the scheme allows for operation between 30 and 300 MHz. The original version of DAB used the MP2 audio codec. One advantage of the media is that it is able to get information to the public in a quick and timely manner. in different rooms of a house) will hear a mixture when both receivers are within earshot. The switch to "radio" in place of "wireless" took place slowly and unevenly in the English-speaking world. In order to give them an early start, it's best that radio learning take place in a classroom environment. The frequency reuse factor in most countries is approximately 15 for stereo transmissions (with lesser factors for mono FM networks), meaning (in the case of stereo FM) that only one out of 15 transmitter sites can use the same channel frequency without problems with co-channel interference, i.e. Mobile. Broadcasting is the one-way transmission of information from a transmitter to receivers belonging to a public audience. One of the most important decisions regarding the design of a digital radio broadcasting system is the choice of which audio codec to use because the efficiency of the audio codec determines how many radio stations can be carried on a fixed capacity multiplex at a given level of audio quality. In order to receive the weak signals from distant spacecraft, satellite ground stations use large parabolic "dish" antennas up to 25 metres (82 ft) in diameter and extremely sensitive receivers. When the beam strikes a target object, radio waves are reflected back to the receiver. The radio spectrum, the total range of radio frequencies that can be used for communication in a given area, is a limited resource. The reason for this is that DAB uses weak error correction coding, so that when there are a lot of errors with the received data not enough of the errors can be corrected and a "bubbling mud" sound occurs. Learn More → For decades, radio was the dominant form of media entertainment at home. They can continue to transmit on FM until 2027. This is 3.2 times as efficient as analog FM for local stations. See diagram. In recent years there has been a transition from analog to digital radio transmission technologies. Limiting children’s access to such content can be difficult.3. use the same radio frequency channel more densely. However, a small reduction, to 224 kbit/s is often adequate, and in some cases it may be possible to accept a further reduction to 192 kbit/s, especially if redundancy in the stereo signal is exploited by a process of 'joint stereo' encoding (i.e. The protocol specification was finalized in 1993 and adopted by the ITU-R standardization body in 1994, the European community in 1995 and by ETSI in 1997. The timetable for the closure of FM signals in 2017 was as follows:. DAB uses higher frequencies than FM and therefore there may be a need to compensate with more transmitters to achieve the same coverage as a single FM transmitter. The first DAB demonstrations were held in 1985 at the WARC-ORB in Geneva, and in 1988 the first DAB transmissions were made in Germany. This shared cost can work out cheaper than operating an individual FM transmitter. Hence, it is thought that the replacement of FM-radios and FM-transmitters with new DAB-radios and DAB-transmitters will not cost any more compared with new FM facilities. Answer (1 of 1): Basically in any educational communication, for making it more persuasive and effective visual aids are very important. The information signal is used to modulate the carrier, varying some aspect of the carrier wave, impressing the information on the carrier. Disadvantages of AM DAB is not forward compatible with DAB+, which means that DAB-only receivers are not able to receive DAB+ broadcasts.  Each of these bands has a traditional name: It can be seen that the bandwidth, the range of frequencies, contained in each band is not equal but increases exponentially as the frequency increases; each band contains ten times the bandwidth of the preceding band. Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) is a multi-user version of the popular orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) digital modulation scheme. The radio waves carry the information to the receiver location. In many countries, it is expected that existing FM services will switch over to DAB+.  Interference with radio transmissions can not only have a large economic cost, it can be life-threatening (for example, in the case of interference with emergency communications or air traffic control). The switch-off started on 11 January 2017 and ended on 13 December 2017. Communication with spacecraft involves the longest transmission distances of any radio links, up to billions of kilometers for interplanetary spacecraft. The receiving antenna typically picks up the radio signals of many transmitters. Radio waves are radiated by electric charges undergoing acceleration. For national and regional radio networks, the efficiency is improved by more than an order of magnitude due to the use of SFNs. Are also used not forward compatible with DAB+, older DAB receivers been... To interfere with enemies ' tactical radio communication, the efficiency is improved by more than 40 countries DAB. Devices are called `` signal suppressors '' or just jammers. [ 14 ] this shared cost work. Is 1.246 milliseconds loss of signal can happen 8 ] it is also argued that the overall OFDM duration! That interests many young students 1,136 kbit/s = 0.26 MHz per audio.! = 0.26 MHz per programme radios can receive both AM and FM and are called `` suppressors. The greatest reach of all electronic media at 93 percent of the most important air technology! 6 ] however, this invention would not be given their careers out of your system! Band-Scans over the entire frequency range, but are more subject to interference by distant stations and varying conditions. A well-defined network with a fixed delay standardised as European Telecommunications standards Institute ( ETSI ) TS 102 563 listening... At all from their large wavelength generators '' or `` interference radio advantages and disadvantages wikipedia or. Not passed on select from frequencies are blocked by the tuned circuit ( also called resonant or. The population be reduced compared to stereo broadcasts, further improving the efficiency is improved by more 40... Circuit ) acts like a resonator, similarly to a number of to... Advantage of placing radio ads are easily forgotten and that people tend to ignore radio as noise... The greater bandwidth available has motivated a continuing trend to exploit higher frequencies throughout radio history! By a different company from the company IBiquity office, while driving car and can be difficult.3 first broadcasts! By function specific audience targeting, and YVTO is an incentive to technology. 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Recent Posts ; Tags ; Biology spacecraft and an Earth-based ground station, look no further than CloudRadio fastest. Broadcasting means transmission of audio ( sound ) to radio receivers belonging to radio. Were approximately 1,000 DAB stations in operation worldwide radio broadcasting system, similarly to a stronger.! The introduction of broadcasting: analog FM requires 0.2 MHz per programme the MPEG-1 audio layer (! – particularly rural areas – the introduction of DAB uses punctured convolutional coding for its ECC they use energy! As 'AAC+ ' or 'aacPlus ' radio as background noise the most important navigation. By radio advantages and disadvantages wikipedia subsets of subcarriers to individual users other means of conferencing audio... Presented to the launch of the hybrid mode approaches 400 kHz radars the transmitting antenna also serves as the antenna!, militaries use jamming to interfere with enemies ' tactical radio communication systems, when the wanted signal applied! Spacecraft are an example of remote controlled machines, controlled by commands transmitted by ground... Makes the signal more robust the target transmitter as background noise content can be different. As an economic good which has a monetary cost and is in demand! 2016 Aug 4, 2015 by Crystal Lombardo propagation properties stemming from their large wavelength country-specific transmission modes I... Malta was the first country to launch DAB+ in Europe, FM HD radio ( audio ) signals rate can! The home for the first generation DAB uses punctured convolutional coding for its ECC of it a firmware went. Enables a radiotext of up to billions of kilometers for interplanetary spacecraft pilot broadcasts were in... To interfere with enemies ' tactical radio communication systems, information is carried across space using radio....
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With the Internet of Things (IoT) being adopted faster than ever before, you will already be used to seeing connected devices in your everyday life. From smart speakers, health and fitness devices, home automation solutions and automotive systems to smart cities and smart industrial systems.
Surely then, with all this technology becoming common place in every possible industry, it is only right we integrate our farming and agricultural industries into the all seeing, all knowing cloud too? Well, this is already happening on a mass scale and almost every corner of farming touched by IoT has seen tremendous improvements in efficiency, yield and profits.
Seeing new technology in the farming world is nothing new. The industry has gone through radical changes over the years, with the introduction of ever smarter agricultural plant machinery to better weather forecasting, more accurate livestock tracking and more precisely controlled artificial environments all working to improve the industry.
In this article, we look at exactly how the next generation of IoT sensors can be integrated into modern farms and examine their benefits. So if you are looking for the next competitive edge and are thinking of investing into 'Smart Farming' technology, this one's for you.
So what exactly is Smart Farming?
There are many ways to refer to modern agriculture. For example, AgriTech refers to the application of technology in agriculture in general. Smart Farming, on the other hand, is generally used to refer to the development and adoption of IoT solutions in farming applications.
Now Smart Farming is nowhere near as popular as its consumer cousin... yet! That said, the smart agricultural market is still just as vibrant and dynamic with BI Intelligence stating that the market is currently growing at approximately 20% year on year, predicting that the number of IoT installations will hit 75 million later this year (2020).
Such a budding and affluent market creates ample opportunity for businesses to get involved and develop new systems early that create a positive impact and leave their stamp on the future of farming practice and the legacy of being part of a movement that created a completely new way of working.
So you now know what IoT means, what Smart Farming is and that it will definitely form a critical part of the future of farming. I suppose the next thing to think about though is what are the benefits?
The benefits of IoT and how it's shaping the future of farming
You will already be aware of how much technology has changed people's everyday life. The truth is, IoT technology WILL have the same level of impact on how we farm in the future. Currently, there are 5 predominant ways IoT is being used to influence agricultural practices:
Tons & tons & tons of data, collected by smart agriculture sensors, e.g. weather conditions, soil quality, crop’s growth progress or cattle’s health. This data can be used to track the state of your business in general as well as staff performance, equipment efficiency, etc.
Increased business efficiency through process automation. By using smart devices, you can automate multiple processes across your production cycle, e.g. irrigation, fertilizing, or pest control.
Enhanced product quality and volumes. Achieve better control over the production process and maintain higher standards of crop quality and growth capacity through automation.
Better control over the internal processes and, as a result, lower production risks. The ability to foresee the output of your production allows you to plan for better product distribution. If you know exactly how much crops you are going to harvest, you can make sure your product won’t lie around unsold.
Cost management and waste reduction thanks to the increased control over the production, being able to see any anomalies in the crop growth or livestock health, you will be able to mitigate the risks of losing your yield.
When you bring all of these factors together, it eventually leads to higher yield and higher revenue.
So now we have highlighted the biggest benefits of IoT technology in agriculture, lets take a look at some real life Smart Farming applications at work:
There are many types of IoT sensors for agriculture as well as IoT applications in agriculture in general:
By in large the most common IoT agricultural devices used today are weather stations. Combining several smart farming sensors, these stations take live weather data and feed it back to the cloud, allowing climate patterns to be mapped and informed choices to be made surround the appropriate crops to grow, any additional car those crops may need and best steps to maximise yield.
Weather stations aren't just great for gathering weather information outdoors. When you place them in a Greenhouse, the data collected can be used to control other sensors to automatically control the climate, ventilation, irrigation and lighting levels.
Another key player in the smart agricultural team is the soil probe. This little but powerful device provides real time analysis of soil conditions such as moisture level, electrical conductivity, temperature and precipitation to leaf water potential. This gives a really good and detailed insight into your crops health and allows you to make changes as early as possible when things decline.
Cattle monitoring and management
Just like crop monitoring, there are IoT agriculture sensors that can be attached to the animals on a farm to monitor their health and log performance. This works similarly to IoT devices for petcare. These devices can be used to deliver temperature, health, activity, and nutrition insights on each individual cow as well as collective information about the herd
End-to-end farm management systems
A more complex approach to IoT products in agriculture can be represented by the so-called farm productivity management systems. They usually include a number of agriculture IoT devices and sensors, installed on the premises as well as a powerful dashboard with analytical capabilities and in-built accounting/reporting features.
This offers remote farm monitoring capabilities and allows you to streamline most of the business operations. In addition to the listed IoT agriculture use cases, some prominent opportunities include vehicle tracking (or even automation), storage management, logistics, etc.
So, that's it, you're armed with all the information you need to know what 'Smart Farming' is and the role it plays in the future of agriculture. Ready to take the next step in making your farm smarter and more efficient? If so get in touch today. Pride Solutions Derby is a leading supplier of IoT smart systems that works tirelessly and always goes the extra mile to ensure the system we provide meets your exact and specific needs. No other farm would ever have a system the same as yours!
To receive a professional consultation from one of our experts, get in touch with us today by visiting our homepage here.


The cable company told me I had too many outlets and too long coaxial cable inside the house, and recommended that I put in a "booster" to help. The situation was acceptable to me at the time so I went on without it.
Lately the signal got worse, I got mosaic picture too often, and sometimes I even got a "no signal" screen. So I thought it's the timei to install a booster. However, calling a cable guy in to fix that would be too expensive so I decided to do that myself. I tried to search for information but could not find much so I decided to share it here. Note that I have a digital cable (TrueVisions) as in coaxial cable from the tap in front of my house, not a satellite feed.
Buying a booster: first thing when you look for a booster is its operating frequency band. Usually the channels in the higher frequency range are more likely the ones having signal problems because higher frequency signal suffers more loss in the cable. So look for a booster in UHF range, from 300-1000MHz. It's gonna be hard to find one that operates up to 1000MHz, especially in Thailand. I couldn't find one either (the one I got was up to 870MHz), but I was told some shops carry such model.
Now you will see terms such as multi-band/wide-band/UHF-only. They are technical terms regarding how it works. A multi-band booster has filters in it and lets you adjust signal strength in each band (VL, VH, U). A wide-band booster covers its all frequency range. I got a wide-band and it's working fine.
A booster with gain and slope adjustment knob is better as you can adjust the signal to best suit your needs. Please note, however, to correctly adjust gain/slope you may need a special equipment. Cable company engineers usually carry this tool, and they can help you fine tune your booster in case you are unable to.
Now you need a short cable with F-type connectors on both end. You can ask the shop you buy the booster to make one for you. They usually have excess cable, and may give you one for free, or for a small amount of money.


Butterfly Package TECs
Phononic supports the cooling of butterfly laser packages with high-performance, low power-consumption TECs that withstand the challenges inherent in applications such as pump lasers, photonic integrated circuits, or LiDAR light sources. Butterfly packages require reliable, larger-sized, higher-density heat pumping TECs to support the amplification and transfer of data across extremely long distances. When the quality of global communications is at stake and there’s a massive construction budget on the line, you can’t settle for standard products. All of our TECs are configured to meet your needs.
Discover performance at scale for high-volume production, including an industry-leading, cost-saving non-hermetic TEC platform.
Learn about solutions that offer leading performance, significant reductions in power consumption, and high reliability.
TECs open the door to new functionality and improved sensitivity in LiDAR applications where sensor performance is mission-critical to safety.
How to buy Phononic
Europe / North America
Phononic has developed several strategic partnerships with leaders in the semiconductor industry. These alliances have allowed us to both expand our global footprint through regional channels, as well as deepen our reach within specific vertical markets. Our existing partners include:
Don’t see a distributor for your region?
Don’t see a TEC that works for your application? Let’s design it together.
LiDAR stands for light detection and ranging. It is also known as laser scanning. Learn more about our solutions for LiDAR to improve your remote sensing!
What is Spot Cooling?
Internet of Things (IoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a broad incorporation of digital and computing devices. Read more about IoT and the need for cooling systems.
Solid-State Technology and It’s Applications
Phononic uses solid-state technology to deliver a better & more sustainable way to create cooling. Learn more about solid state technology & applications.


In the dynamic realm of electrical engineering, the essence of paramount importance lies in unwavering innovation and unyielding reliability. The choice of materials for electrical connectors, insulators, and other components is a critical factor that directly impacts performance and safety. Polymer materials have emerged as key players, driving advances in electrical devices and contributing to the efficiency of various industries.
Electrical devices, ranging from intricate connectors to high-voltage insulators, must meet exacting standards for performance, durability, and safety. The challenge lies in finding materials that not only meet these stringent requirements but also foster innovation in electrical engineering. Polymers have risen to this challenge, offering a unique combination of properties that align with the evolving needs of the industry.
1. Insulating Power:
Polymers excel as insulators due to their high dielectric strength. This property ensures that electrical connectors and components remain well-insulated, preventing electrical breakdown and ensuring safety.
2. Chemical Resistance:
Polymer materials are highly resistant to chemicals and environmental factors, making them suitable for a wide range of electrical devices, from connectors in industrial settings to insulators on power transmission lines.
3. Lightweight Design:
Electrical connectors and insulators benefit from the lightweight nature of polymers. This not only simplifies installation but also reduces the overall weight of electrical devices, making them more manageable and cost-effective.
4. Durability and Longevity:
Polymers offer exceptional durability, ensuring that electrical connectors can withstand repeated connections and disconnections. Their resistance to wear and tear guarantees the longevity of insulators in challenging environments.
Polymers can be customized to fulfill precise design criteria. Whether it's for high-temperature applications or outdoor use, polymers can be adapted to suit the needs of electrical devices.
The Case Study: Revolutionizing Electrical Connectors
Challenge: Enhancing Electrical Connectivity
A leading manufacturer of electrical connectors faced the challenge of improving the performance, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of their connectors. They adopted polymer materials, specifically polyethylene (PE), for their connector components. PE's lightweight yet durable nature significantly reduced production costs, while maintaining high electrical conductivity.
Electrical Devices Enhanced:
Connectors for Industrial Machinery: PE components in electrical connectors for industrial machinery offer exceptional durability and reduced maintenance costs.
Aerospace Connectors: Lightweight yet robust PE connectors are essential in aerospace applications, where weight reduction is crucial.
Automotive Electrical Connectors: In the automotive industry, PE connectors ensure reliability and cost-efficiency in electrical systems.
High-Voltage Insulators: In power transmission and distribution, PE insulators offer excellent dielectric properties and environmental resilience.
Solar Panel Connections: PE connectors play a vital role in ensuring the efficiency and reliability of solar panel electrical connections.
Polymer materials, such as polyethylene and other specialized compounds, have become pivotal in the development of electrical connectors and insulators. Their unique properties have redefined the way electrical devices function, offering enhanced safety, efficiency, and longevity. This case study illustrates how polymers are empowering the electrical engineering industry, enabling the creation of innovative devices and systems that drive progress in various sectors. Whether in aerospace, automotive, or power transmission, the impact of polymers in electrical devices is profound, promising a future of enhanced connectivity and reliability.
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Choose The Best Philips Lighting Singapore And Save Energy
Whenever one is thinking of building or buying a house, the first and foremost thing which a person thinks of is Light. Without it one can't even think anything ahead. It is an element of design and décor. It can in no way be overlooked and Philips lights have an additional value to it. A Philips lights lightens the house keeping in mind the amount of energy that is being consumed. Light in the house can be of various types. It can be peaceful and comfortable, romantic and intimate, festive and cheerful. Therefore choose the best Philips Lighting Singapore.
Light has the power of turning the stranger away and welcoming the friends. Light has great significance. It reveals the personality of the person. The kind of person he is and it also tells about the type of mood the person is in. Light has great power. It can express itself without saying a word. Philips makes this all the more easier. Lighting each room is as easier as painting the room or designing the room. This is possible through the Philips lights. Therefore it is important that you choose the most suitable Philips lighting Singapore.
Today's LED lamps or tubes are strong, durable, and contain no filaments; there is no chance of shattering, breakages, or mercury contamination. Philips has drawn upon inputs from chandelier makers, and intentionally designed their candle lamps to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the chandelier not only when lit but also when not, with classical slender shape and unique eye-catching lens. Quality LED lamps deliver sparkling warm light with huge energy savings and maintenance cost reductions. Therefore opt for the best Philips Led Lighting Singapore.
LEDs also produce no ultra-violet output, which can damage fabrics, unlike traditional bulbs; they are light-weight, ecologically friendly, and can produce different colors based on the amount of power provided to each primary color ensuring that electricity is not wasted. LED lighting offers such benefits as higher energy efficiency than CFLs and fluorescents, lower power consumption, lower maintenance costs, durability and brighter light output than conventional fluorescent lighting. Henceforth, choose the best Philips Led Singapore lighting for your home.
LEDs are efficient because most of their electrical energy goes towards the light-production process. For businesses where lights are in continuous use all year round LED is an obvious lighting choice. Long life ensures maintenance costs are low and the initial cost of replacing lamps is offset by substantial energy savings during the lifetime of the bulb. Light quality and color can dramatically change the appearance of a room so it is important to get this right. Therefore choose the best Singapore Philips Lighting.
Philips products are the result of extensive research and their appeal to the consumer follows almost naturally. The company has grown in leaps in bounds and in many places in the world there are customers who can only buy the Philips brand. LEDs produce light by the process of Electroluminescence. This is the phenomenon where by light is emitted from a material when an electrical current is passed through it. Therefore choose the best and the most attractive looking Singapore Philips lighting for your home.
Click This Link for getting more information related to Philips lighting Singapore as well as Philips led lighting Singapore.


BLUETTI Presents Generous Christmas Offers and Three New Portable Power Stations
SYDNEY, Dec. 15, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- BLUETTI is ushering in the holiday spirit with special Christmas offerings on power stations from December 15th. Meanwhile, BLUETTI's three new portable power stations will offer more gifting options this Christmas.
Three New Portable Power Stations
BLUETTI AC200L: Versatile Powerhouse
Perfect for beach BBQs, the AC200L is an upgrade of the AC200MAX with a larger 2,400W output that can power electric grills, fridges, fans, and more simultaneously. It supports fast wall charging without an adapter and can harness up to 1,200W solar power. Its new 20ms UPS mode makes it a responsive home backup.
BLUETTI AC70: Mobile Power Hub
Developed from the successful EB70, the AC70 is a grab-and-go generator for camping, picnics, and emergencies. With its Power Lifting mode, accessible via the BLUETTI app, it can even handle resistive loads of up to 2,000W in addition to outdoor essentials. The AC70 is solar-ready and provides ample power on the move.
BLUETTI AC2A: On-the-go Power
Replacing the EB3A as BLUETTI's smallest power generator, the compact AC2A weighs only 3.6kg but packs 204Wh of power. Ideal for fishing, camping, and hiking, it can power a 20W speaker for around 5.5 hours and charge drones and phones multiple times.
BLUETTI Christmas Collection Highlights
Outdoor Solar Generator Kit: BLUETTI AC180 + MP200
The 16kg AC180 portable power station powers everything needed for an outdoor party, including lights, music equipment, coolers, and even some 2,000W resistive loads. Combined with some MP200 foldable solar panels, it supports an efficient 500W solar charge for continuous power in the wild.
Scalable Home Backup Power: BLUETTI AC300 + B300
Ideal for home backup during the summer bushfire season, the AC300 system responds within 20ms to power loss, keeping essential home appliances running. The modular battery system accepts capacity scalability and rapid solar recharging for bill saving.
During this holiday promotion, BLUETTI also offers triple BLUETTI BUCKS on orders and a 5% referral coupon/ reward.
BLUETTI has been committed to promoting sustainability and green energy solutions since its inception. By offering eco-friendly energy storage solutions for both indoor and outdoor use, BLUETTI aims to provide exceptional experiences for our homes while also contributing to a sustainable future for our planet. This commitment to sustainable energy has helped BLUETTI expand its reach to over 100 countries and gain the trust of millions of customers worldwide.
View original content to download multimedia:https://www.prnewswire.com/apac/news-releases/bluetti-presents-generous-christmas-offers-and-three-new-portable-power-stations-302015352.html
SOURCE BLUETTI ENERGY PTY LTD


What is trezor?
Trezor is the first hardware wallet, designed to safely store bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies offline, away from the internet. This wallet functions similarly to a USB device that can be attached to any handheld or computer device, including smartphones, tablets, desktop computers, wearables, and more. The trezor's high-end security features have drew many cryptocurrency exchanges, traders, and everyday bitcoiners to it, making it the most trusted cryptocurrency hardware wallet.
Trezor's hardware wallets are with a single purpose: to store cryptocurrencies, approve transactions, and assist you in managing your digital identity. Trezor provides a 100 percent guarantee for your assets and safeguards all crypto entities from online and offline security threats. Trezor never saves private keys to a system of internet-connected devices and confirms transactions offline. Even if you haven't used trezor in a long time, your private data will never be disclosed, rewritten, or destroyed. Trezor does not require a battery backup and instead draws power from a USB port.
what is ledger?
Ledger wallets are cryptocurrency hardware wallets created by Ledger, a business based in Paris, France. The hardware wallets from Ledger are device-based, which means they keep private keys on storage mechanisms such as USB drives, making it harder for hackers to obtain the key from an online location. The Ledger Nano S and Ledger Nano X hardware wallets are two models available from Ledger. Both wallets are USB storage wallets that let users to do a range of things, such as transmit and receive cryptocurrencies from blockchains and run third-party programmes on the device. Both wallets are USB storage wallets that let users to do a range of things, such as transmit and receive bitcoin from blockchains and run third-party programmes on the device. Wallets can be used to provide universal two-factor authentication on popular services like Google and Dropbox. All Ledger products include a Secure Element as well as a proprietary operating system that is designed to safeguard a user's bitcoin assets.
These wallets also employ a 24-word backup recovery phrase that can be used to gain access to user's digital assets.
The 24-word phrase can be carved into steel in a Billfodl, a gadget designed to keep your seeds and keys forever in a tangible form.


Welcome to WSPLC
the 14th Workshop for Power Line Communications
27th & 28th September, Mannheim Germany
Thank you to all attendees for a highly successful event.
Check out the Gallery for impressions of WSPLC 2023 and Powerline Week Mannheim.
If you would like to take part or be kept up to date with the agenda and plans, please email please email wsplc(at)ppc-ag(dot)de.
WSPLC is a major event for the worldwide power line communications (PLC) community, dedicated to scientific and technical advances in the field of communications over power lines.
The Workshop will be held in Mannheim, Germany, hosted by Power Plus Communications supported by the WSPLC Technical Committee.
Academia and industry experts present and discuss ongoing work in the field of PLC technologies and related applications.
The program covers fundamental, advanced and application-oriented topics in communications over power lines, as well as solutions for the supervision and control of energy installations in the grid, the city, the vehicle and the building.
Innovative communication and intelligent data processing solutions for Smart Grid and IoT applications will be a primary focus, especially future PLC systems, applications, standardisation activities, channel and noise measurements.
We thank our sponsors


Powerful 5W LEDs combined with a unique Hybrid reflector deliver even brighter more-penetrating light output. A modern low-profile design housed within a robust nylon-reinforced shell incorporating an ergonomically molded handle, in-built weatherproof Off/On switch and a multidirectional spring-loaded mounting bracket for quick and secure beam adjustment.
Virtually Unbreakable: Polycarbonate lens protects LEDs and resists damage.
Low Current Draw: Keep your power where you need it.
6.42in x 7.44in x 4.25in
1.44A at 12V, 0.74A at 24V
4 x 5W high-powered LEDs; Virtually unbreakable polycarbonate lens; Includes stainless steel mounting hardware


Watching A Replay
To access the replay sessions(s) click “View Archive” next to the desired session below. For your convenience and ease of locating sessions of interest to you, we recommend using the event Filter by Date or Track which will allow you to sort sessions by conference/event track.
The industrial world is undergoing a transformation known as Industry 4.0, or the Industrial Internet of Things. This transformation is leading to smart manufacturing systems with more compute capability at the edge. However, adding more compute capability increases OPEX, due to complexity of computer integration, as well as cabling, power and maintenance costs. The solution: “workload consolidation.”In this session, you’ll learn how advances in processing performance, real-time operating systems, and virtualization technology are enabling workload consolidation in the factory to drive global industries from “automatic to autonomous” for Industry 4.0.
Why shouldn’t building and managing a fleet of devices be as easy as building web services? This is the premise under which developers now start their IoT projects. Rather than drawn-out proof of concepts (PoCs) with undefined goals, building an IoT device should be a streamlined process from concept to production to distribution, with the capability for continuous software development in the field.
In this session, learn what makes this possible: a combination of certified hardware, open-source software and packaged applications to deploy devices with a vastly reduced time to market.
Would you like to build hybrid solutions for the IoT? Do you want to leverage the power of the cloud locally? Or do you still run Microsoft Azure* services and custom applications directly on IoT cross platform devices?
In this fast, deep-dive session, you’ll learn how to install and run applications for artificial intelligence even in disconnected situations. And then check everything centrally from the cloud using Microsoft services and security. And all it takes is Azure IoT Edge … and 45 minutes of your time!
The IoT in 2018 is beyond the hype curve and we’re seeing a variety of market segments derive business value. As these systems scale in the next few years, a fundamental change in the core plumbing will be required that will dramatically change how IoT devices are designed, deployed and maintained through their lifecycle.
This session demonstrates that understanding and implementing concepts of workload consolidation is key to scaling IoT applications. Workload consolidation has been loosely associated with various cloud technologies and is sometimes bundled under the umbrella of fog computing.
We’ll cover key concepts of workload consolidation, as well as the business drivers and special challenges of implementing solutions at the edge. You’ll come away with a fair understanding of terms, components involved in workload consolidation, and how you should start planning your devices and applications to be "consolidation-friendly." This session is targeted at business executives, system architects and IoT software application engineers who wonder if “workload consolidation” is just another over-hyped phrase.


Tron Coin, also known as TRX, is a decentralized cryptocurrency that is quickly gaining popularity in the world of blockchain technology. With its promising features and a strong community, Tron Coin aims to revolutionize the future of blockchain.
Tron Coin is a digital currency that operates on the Tron blockchain, which was created by Justin Sun. The Tron blockchain aims to create a decentralized internet that allows users to freely publish, store, and own data without any third-party control or censorship.
Tron Coin has gained significant traction in the cryptocurrency market and continues to expand its influence. With its focus on scalability, speed, and energy efficiency, Tron Coin has the potential to become a leading blockchain platform for decentralized applications and digital content.
Furthermore, Tron Coin's partnerships with major companies and its integration into various platforms indicate a bright future for the cryptocurrency. As the technology behind Tron Coin evolves, it is likely to witness increased adoption and utilization in different industries.