Nanoscience and Engineering center, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT), Bhopal-462051 (M.P), INDIA
Corresponding author Email: firstname.lastname@example.org
Article Publishing History
Accepted After Revision: 12/09/2019
Electronic state of a material is an arrangement allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics of electrons within an atom, molecule or system of molecules. Low-cost nano materials single wall carbon nano tubes and multi walled carbon nano tubes based on semiconductor devises. In case of a metal, the quasi-continuous density of states in the valence and the conduction bands splits into discrete electronic levels, the spacing between these levels and the band gap increases with decreasing particle size. Discussion of electronic and optical properties of carbon nano tubes depends upon size, morphology and synthesis methods. They are smaller than the wavelength of visible light and a hundred-thousandth times the width of a human hair. At this range, unusual properties of materials emerge out that can be applied to yield technologies and products with undividedly new abilities and applications.
Engineering, Quantum dots, Morphology, CNT.
Tripathi G. K. Engineered Nanomaterials and Their Properties : A Review. Biosc.Biotech.Res.Comm. 2018;11(3).
Tripathi G. K. Engineered Nanomaterials and Their Properties : A Review. Biosc.Biotech.Res.Comm. 2018;11(3). Available from: https://bit.ly/2ltwbMS
Engineered Electronic State of Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials are the soul of nano engineering and nanotechnology. These materials possess at least one dimension in the 10–9 m, nanometer, range which is one billionth of a meter. In nanomaterials surface-to-volume ratio increases (Siegel et al, 1993; Collins et al, 2000, Alagarasi 2011).The number of atoms on the surface may be similar to or higher than those located in the crystalline lattice core and the surface properties are no longer negligible. When no other molecules are adsorbed onto the nano crystallites, the surface atoms are highly unsaturated and their electronic contribution to the behavior of the constituent particles is absolutely diverse from that of the inner laying atoms. Electronic State of a material is an arrangement allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics of electrons within an atom, molecule (or system of molecules) (Bate et al, 1975; Frolov et al, 2001).
Fig. 1.1 and 1.2 give the electronic structure of bulk semiconductors and low dimensions respectively. In bulk, the electrons in conduction band and holes in valence bands have degree of freedom in all 3 dimensions.
|Figure 1.2: Quantization in one dimension i.e. 2D strucutres (Quantum well), two dimensions i.e.1D, three dimensions i.e. 0D (Frolov et al, 2001).|
As the size of the nanoparticle increases, the band structure evolves gradually i. e., molecular orbital change to delocalized band states. Figure 1.3, shows the size quantization effect which leads to conversion between a bulk metal or semiconductor, and cluster species. In case of a metal, the quasi-continuous density of states in the valence and the conduction bands splits into discrete electronic levels, the spacing between these levels and the band gap increases with decreasing particle size (Mekala et al, 2000; Bogue at el, 2010; Medintz et al, 2005). In the case of semiconductors, a band gap already exists in the bulk state. This band gap increases as the size of nanoparticle decreases and the energy bands gradually convert into discrete molecular electronic levels (Kim et al, 2011; Patil et al, 2012; Sharma et al, 2013 Tripathi et al, 2016).
|Figure 2: Engineering electronic states of nanomaterials using size quantization effect (Kim et al, 2011)|
Engineered Nanomaterials are the manipulated matter on the nanoscale. Electronic states of nanomaterials can be engineered by tuning the following parameters: Size, aggregation or dispersion state and the extent of dissolution.
Size, morphology, and aggregation state
Some Engineered nanoparticles dispersions may have narrower size distributions than their naturally occurring counterparts as nanomaterials produced anthropogenically are tailored for specific, size-dependent properties; whereas, naturally occurring nanomaterials generally will not have such restrictions. One other technique capable of sizing nanoparticles is single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS), which can provide element-specific information about individual particles that are ablated in the plasma (Pace et al, 2012; Mitrano et al, 2012 Tripathi et al, 2016).
SP-ICP-MS has been employed to size a diversity of NMs such as silver, gold, and metal oxide particles in various complex media (e.g., wastewater, bovine serum albumin). Although this technique requires information regarding particle shape and is currently hemmed in by the nano particle’s size (Pace et al, 2011; Reed et al, 2012).
Dissolved ions vs. nano particulate
In spite of incidental and naturally occurring nanomaterials, various samples in environment comprise a high concentration of dissolved ions that, when using chemical analysis-based methods, may overestimate the amount of material present in nanoparticle form. One way of distinguishing between nanoparticles and dissolved forms of the material is through filtration methods, whereby particles can be size-fractionated, with the remaining fraction composed of dissolved ions. Similarly, centrifugation can put to use where particles may settle out under the centrifugal force, and the supernatant that is decanted, should contain the dissolved forms of the material. As the dimensions of the material is reduced the electronic properties change radically as the density of states and the spatial length scale of the electronic motion are reduced with decreasing size (Liu et al, 2008; Chen et al, 2012; Tripathi et al, 2016).
Table 1: Some synthesis methods and characteristics of engineered nanoparticles
|Process||Elemental Composition Examples||Characteristics|
|Chemical reduction||Zerovalent metals Au, Ag, Fe||Mono-elemental in composition, (Au, Ag) monodisperse and often as spheres or wires|
|Sol-gel||Metal oxides SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, CeO2||Single metal, moderate polydispersity, 2D and 3-D nanoscale dimension|
|Solvo synthesis||Semiconductors CdSe/ZnS, CdTe||Multi-metal composition, low polydispersity|
|Vapor-phase||Carbonaceous materials, metal oxides Carbon nanotubes, fullerenes||Polydisperse, 2-D nanoscale dimension|
|Organic synthesis||Multi-functional polymers||Carbon-based, monodisperse, 3-D nanoscale dimensions|
Electrical Properties of nanomaterials hold forth the essentials of electrical conductivity in nanorods, nanotubes, nanocomposites and CNT and optical properties of nanorods as well. The low dimensions of a nanowire and measurement of the electrical current at a constant applied voltage is one of the methods to validate the quantum conductance. Here with decreasing diameter of the wire, the number of electron wave modes contributing to the electrical conductivity becomes increasingly smaller by well-defined quantized steps (Liang et al, 2011; Benn et al, 2010; Danniel et al, 2004). In CNT’s, single electron wave mode is observed that conducts the electrical current. Different lengths and orientations of the carbon nanotubes provide two information: (i) the influence of carbon nanotube length on the resistance; and (ii) the resistances of the different nanotubes.
Selected Application of Engineered Nanomaterials
Nanomaterials have extensive application in the field of electronics, fuel cells, batteries, agriculture, food industry, and medicines, etc. Nanomaterials holds supercilious chemical, physical, and mechanical properties and of their exceptional formability.
A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device that converts the chemical energy from fuel (on the anode side) and oxidant (on the cathode side) unswervingly into electricity. The soul of fuel cell is the electrodes. The structure of electrode must provide plenty surface area, maximum contact of catalyst, reactant gas and electrolyte, facilitate gas transport and provide good electronic conductance (Smijs et al, 2011).
Carbon nanotubes-Microbial fuel cell
In Microbial fuel cell bacteria devour water-soluble waste such as sugar, starch and alcohols and produces electricity in addition to clean water. This technology generates electricity using domestic or industrial wastewater. Microbial fuel cell metamorphoses various polysaccharides substrates present in wastewaters into a source of electricity. The performance of the fuel cell is dominantly affected by the efficient electron transfer between the microorganism and the anode of the microbial fuel cell.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), due to their special properties of high chemical stability and mechanical strength and large surface area, are ideal for the design of sensors. Since carbon nanotubes promote cell growth, they can be used to build electrodes of microbial fuel cells (Sajith et al, 2010; Sharma et al, 2015).
Phosphors for High-Definition TV
The resolution of a television screen, or a computer monitor, greatly depends on the dimensions or size of the pixel. These pixels are essentially made up of materials called “phosphors,” which radiate when a stream of electrons from the cathode ray tube (CRT) is made to impinge upon it. The resolution enhances with a reduction in the magnitude or size of the pixels, or the phosphors. Nanocrystals of zinc selenide, zinc sulfide, cadmium sulfide, and lead telluride which are synthesized by the sol-gel techniques turns up to be the useful for improving the resolution of computer monitors. The use of nanophosphors is intended to reduce the cost of these displays so as to render high definition televisions (HDTVs) and make personal computers to be affordable to be purchased (Baughman et al, 2002; Niemann et al, 2008).
Next-Generation Computer Chips
The appetence for miniaturization has emphasized the microelectronics industry, to reduce in size the circuits, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors. By attaining a noteworthy decrease in their size, the microprocessors, which enclose these components, can run much faster, thereby enabling computations at a far greater speed (Kimling et al, 2006; Tripathi et al, 2015). Though, there are various technical impairments to these developments, which includes the absence of the ultrafine precursors to produce these components; poor dissipation of large amount of heat released by these microprocessors due to faster speeds; short mean time to failures (poor reliability) etc. Nanomaterials help the industry breach these barriers down by furnishing the manufacturers with nanocrystalline starting materials, ultra-high purity materials, materials having improvised thermal conduction, and long lasting, durable interconnections in the microprocessors (Lakshmi et al, 1997; Srivastava et al, 2014).
Nanowires for junction less transistors
Transistors are miniaturized to the dimension of sub assemblies of electronic systems and deliver smaller and smaller devices, but it is challenging to create high-quality junctions. In particular, it is very tough to alter the doping concentration of a nanomaterial over distances shorter than about 10 nm. Researchers have gained the ground in making the junction less transistor having closely ideal electrical properties. It could possibly function faster and use lesser power than any conventional transistor in the market today (Dabbous et al, 1997; Swihart et al, 2003).
The device consists of a silicon nanowire with perfectly controlled current flow by a silicon gate, separated using a thin insulating layer. The whole silicon nanowire is heavily n-doped, proving it to be an exceptional conductor. However, the gate is p-doped and its presence has the effect of depleting the number of electrons in the region of the nanowire under the gate. Also, the device has near-ideal electrical properties and behaves like the most perfect of transistors without suffering from current leakage like that in conventional devices and operates faster and consumes lesser energy (Gopidas et al, 2003; Kimling et al, 2006).
Elimination of Pollutants
Nanomaterials possess tremendously big grain boundaries as compared to their grain size. Hence, they are very dynamic in terms of their chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Owing to their boosted chemical activity, nanomaterials can be used to serve as catalysts to react with such harmful and lethal gases as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide in automobile catalytic converters and power generation equipment to prevent environmental pollution arising from burning gasoline and coal (Drexle et al, 2001; Tripathi et al, 2015).
Prolonged UV exposure causes skin-burns and cancer. Nano skin blocks (ZnO, TiO2 and BiOCl) have added advantage as they protect the skin by resting onto it rather than penetrating into the skin. Thus they inhibit UV radiation effectively for prolonged duration. Additionally, they are transparent, thus retain natural skin color while working better than conventional skin-lotions (Tripathi et al, 2016; Tripathi et al, 2017).
Sensors depend upon the highly active surface to initiate a response with minute variation in the concentration of the species to be detected. Engineered monolayers (few Angstroms thick) on the sensor surface are exposed to the environment and the peculiar functionality (such as change in potential as the CO/anthrax level is detected) is utilized in sensing (Shrivastva et al, 2014).
Nanowires based Device: The Hub for 21st Century Nanoelectronics
The objectives of study of this topic are to gain an understanding of nanotechnology, the fascinating technological revolution of the 21st century, to review the evolution of nanotechnology and nanomaterials and, to study carbon nanotubes with a view to establishing it as nanoelectronics hub. Nanotechnology is a global phenomenon and being one of the most interesting and wide areas of research of the present century, it is changing the lifestyle, creating scientific developments and new products that are smaller, faster, stronger, safer, and more creditable. This embellishing field has penetrated virtually into all the areas of science and technology. Furthermore, it is one big-league application of miniaturization. In point of fact, miniaturization results in the conception of mechanical, optical, and electronic products and devices have usage in smaller scales materials and devices. This is done with the understanding that items which take up less space are more desired than items which are bulkier since they are easier to carry, easier to store, and quite handy to use.
Nanotechnology, “the engineering technology of 21st century”, is defined as the manipulating matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers. Also, it can be termed as the application of science, engineering and technology to unfold novel materials and devices in different fields in the nano-range. A nanometer (nm) is a measurement system used to measure small particles like atoms and molecules and is equal to one billionth (10-9) of a meter. It is smaller than the wavelength of visible light and a hundred-thousandth times the width of a human hair. At this range, unusual properties of materials emerge out that can be applied to yield technologies and products with undividedly new abilities and applications (Drexle et al, 2004; Onyeje et al, 2013).
In fact, at the nanoscale, physical, chemical, optical and electrical properties of materials bear no resemblance from the properties of matter at either smaller scale, such as atoms, or at the larger scales. It is anticipated that Nanotechnology will have an impact on nearly every industry. Hence, the U.S. NSF has hazarded a guess to attain $1 trillion or more within 20 years in the global market for nanotechnologies. According to its inventor, Raymond Kurzweil, nanotechnology is the next technological insurgency. Consequently, the Nanotech Age is expected to begin between 2025 and 2050, terminating the current Information Age which began in 1990. The Nano Revolution is expected to be at the most as transformative as the Industrial Revolution, but limited to just a few years. Materials that are used in nanotechnology are called nanomaterials; they are not merely an additional leap in the miniaturization of materials, they usually need quite different synthesizing approaches. Some nanomaterials are currently at the laboratory stage of manufacture, while some of them are being commercialized. Although, several nanomaterials exist till now but carbon nanotubes are widely used in nanoelectronics and nanodevices as they exhibit exquisite properties (Frolov et al, 2001; Medintz et al, 2005, Kimling et al, 2006; Moore et al, 2010).
In the direction of producing nanodevices, there is the need to understand the fundamental phenomena, the synthesis of appropriate materials, the use of those materials to fabricate functioning devices and the integration of these devices into working systems. Nanofabrication interpolates the building of machines that operate on an atomic or molecular scale. These are minor, faster and devour less power than conventional electronics and because you can pack so much on to one computer chip, you can have many more functions. Such technology has huge potential in the field of communications, data storage, solar cells and medical applications. Nanofabrication is of much interest to computer engineers since it takes one to super-high-density microprocessors and memory chips. The usage of nanotechnology in electronic apparatuses, especially transistors is referred as nanoelectronics. The eventual aim of nanoelectronics is the sustained recognition of Moore’s law by deploying novel methodologies and nanomaterials to produce electronic devices with particular sizes on the nanoscale. Nanoelectronics often attribute to transistor devices which are so small that inter-atomic interactions and quantum mechanics properties need to be deliberated extensively. In addition to being small and implanting more transistors to be packed into a single chip, the even and regular structure of nanotube allows higher electron mobility and a higher dielectric constant (Liu et al, 2008; Moore et al, 2010; Kimling et al, 2006; Frolov et al, 2001; Medintz et al, 2005 Chen et al, 2012; Tripathi et al, 2016).
Applications of Carbon Nanotubes in Nanoelectronics
Substantial interest generated by carbon nanotubes has been in applications to electronic materials and some of them are:
Better Solar Cells
Usually solar cells use silicon semiconductors. However, a change occurs when carbon nanotubes are incorporated into the semiconductor. These days billions of CNTs could be tightly packed onto solar cells and release far more electricity per square inch than silicon as they’re so tiny.
Better Thinner TVs
In field emission, a systematic arrangement of CNTs is used as they are excellent electron emitters. There is now new process of displaying pictures called field emission display. In this process, the miniaturization occurs by using tiny electron emitters positioned behind individual phosphorus dots displaying the excitation of the phosphorus dots, creating bright, high resolution displays. With the help of CNTs we can produce TVs that are only millimeters thick and dissipate lesser power than plasma and liquid crystal displays.
Better Capacitors that Replace Batteries
In a capacitor, the capacitance is a function of the surface area. Due to the extraordinary high surface areas of CNTs, use of them as the dielectrics increases the storing capability of capacitors to compete with modern batteries.
Electrical Wires and Cables
Electric wires and cables can now be made-up of pure nanotubes and nanotube-polymer composites. It is exciting to observe that latterly the wires have been fabricated using the highest conductivity carbon nanotube with specific conductivity exceeding copper and aluminum.
Batteries are essential electronic components and now there are paper batteries. It is a type of battery that is designed to use a paper-thin sheet of cellulose pervaded with aligned carbon nanotubes. The nanotubes serve as electrodes and thus conducts electricity in the storage devices. This type of battery can deliver a longer, steady power output comparable to a conventional battery. The paper battery is the integration of all the battery components in a single structure, making it more energy efficient.
Carbon nanotubes can now be put together into chips in order to get improvement in its speed. With CNTs in computer chips, several billions of CNT transistors could be crammed against a single processing chip, giving miniaturized, faster computers and electronic devices.
Summary and Conclusion
Nanotechnology being an innovative and powerful technology is seen as the latest mega trend in science and engineering which will bring a wave of radical innovation, thereby sparking new industrial revolution in various application areas. For nanoelectronics applications, carbon nanotubes are fascinating due to their excellent electrical properties. A far-reaching research area is molecular electronics, for which molecules that are quantum electronic devices are designed and synthesized with the aim to use individual molecules as switches and carbon nanotubes as the wires in circuits which are expected to fruition in nonvolatile memories.
Another trend is in the appliance of nanowires in opto-electronics and nano electro mechanical devices. There is also nanomotor which is a molecular electronic device competent enough to convert energy into movement and nano electro mechanical systems. Nano electro mechanical systems typically bears the part of integrating the nanoelectronics with mechanical actuators, pumps and motors, and may thereby form different types of physical, biological, and chemical sensors. Metallic CNT’s have also been proposed since they can conduct current with high value. Carbon nanotubes have acquired so much of fame that they are used in nano electro mechanical systems and the approaches have developed to link suspended carbon nanotubes to other nanostructures. This allows carbon nanotubes to be structurally set up to produce complicated Nano electric systems. Also, since some carbon nanotubes are semiconducting, they can be utilized in transistors.
Replacing silicon in the channel by CNT, allows the transistors to be made comparatively smaller and faster than today’s transistors. Nowadays, there is an evolving trend of Pico technology that includes the modification of the assembly and chemical properties of individual atoms through the manipulation of energy states of electrons within an atom to produce metastable states with unusual properties, producing some form of exotic atom. The term picotechnology is a coinage intended to cognate the term nanotechnology. This can be termed as a hypothetical future level of technological manipulation of matter, on the scale of trillionths of a meter. Furthermore, coinage of the term femto technology is also a proposed term used in reference to structuring of matter which is 10-15 m.
This is a smaller scale as compared to nanotechnology and Pico technology. Carbon nanotubes have phosphorescent/scintillating future as they are extremely versatile. No other material is as strong, conducting, inert and so forth at the same time. Carbon nano tubes unexampled combination of properties paves its way for the rapid progress at the present scenario for example it holds forth a very special property i.e. high surface area which increases the amount of charge that can be stored. These are another possible material for worth use in an ultra capacitor, as they have high density interior, compacted size, steadfastness, and high capacitance.
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Sony Xperia Pro is finally introduced as the company’s latest flagship product, which can serve as a display for your existing camera or camcorder. This smartphone is equipped with a micro-HDMI connection that allows you to connect a camera or camcorder to play real-time video on the 4K OLED display of the phone. FTP options. The server uses its built-in 5G connection. Sony Xperia Pro was originally a 5G phone released last year.
Sony Xperia Pro price, time to market
Sony Xperia Pro is priced at US$249,99 (approximately Rs 1,82,500). Currently, the phone is available in the US through Amazon, B&H Photo Video and Sony online stores. Details on the Xperia Pro’s global debut have not yet been announced.
In February last year, Sony Xperia Pro was released alongside Sony Xperia 1 II and Xperia 10 II.
Sony Xperia Pro specifications
There is not much difference between Sony Xperia 1 II and Sony Xperia Pro. However, the latter is aimed at professional photographers who already own Sony Alpha cameras or camcorders.
Sony Xperia Pro is used on Android 10. It has a 6.5-inch 4K HDR (1,644×3,840 pixel) OLED screen with an aspect ratio of 21 inches. 9. The screen can cover 100% of the DCI-P3 100 color scale. CineAltra supports a dedicated manufacturer model. It comes with Corning Gorilla Glass 6 protection. This phone used Qualcomm Snapdragon 865 SoC and 12 GB RAM and 512 GB UV storage last year. It is an upgraded version of Sony Xperia 1 II, with 8 GB of RAM and 256 GB of onboard memory. The built-in storage on both phones supports expansion via microSD card (maximum 1 TB).
For photography, the Sony Xperia Pro has a triple camera setup on the rear with a 12-megapixel main Exmor RS for an f/1.7 lens motion sensor. There are also two additional 12-megapixel sensors with f/2.4 lens and f/2.2 lens with a field of view of 124 degrees. For selfies and video chats, Sony Xperia Pro is equipped with an 8-megapixel front camera with f/2.0 lens.
Sony Xperia Pro offers a range of connection options, including 5G, 4G LTE, Wi-Fi 6, Bluetooth 5.1, GPS/A-GPS, NFC, USB Type-C, Micro-HDMI and 3.5 mm headphone jack. The phone is also equipped with Dolby Atmos audio technology, which can power button speakers. It is equipped with a 4000 mAh battery and supports Xperia customizable charging and USB Power Delivery (PD) fast charging. The phone measures 170.18×76.2×10.16 mm and weighs 225 grams.


I am a physicist with a strong interest in applied sciences. My research deals with Complex Networks, Data Science and their application to the study and modeling of social and urban systems.
I am a PhD Candidate at Queen Mary University of London, where I work within the Complex Systems and Networks Research Group under the supervision of Vito Latora (QMUL). I am also working at the Urban Dynamics Lab of the Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), UCL, under the supervison of Elsa Arcaute. I collaborate with the Dynamical Systems and Statistical Physics Group (QMUL) as part of the LoBaNet project.
I spent part of my PhD at The Alan Turing Institute (London) as part of the enrichment doctoral scheme. Previously, I worked at the ISI Foundation in Turin within the Data Science and Mathematics & Foundation of Complex Systems groups. Before, I was Data Science Intern at UN Universal Postal Union in Bern.
PhD Candidate in Mathematics
Queen Mary University of London
MSc in Physics of Complex Systems, 2015
University of Turin
BSc in Physics, 2013
University of Bologna
I am currenly Visiting Lecturer at City, University of London, for the course:
I’ve been teaching Network Science at the School of Electronic Engineering & Computer Science (QMUL):
I’ve been Teaching Assistant for the following courses at QMUL:
I’ve been a reviewer for the journals:
Chaos, EPJ Data Science, Physical Review E, Scientific Reports, Europhysics Letters, Chaos Solitons & Fractals, Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems, Online Social Networks and Media.
Ghent University, BE.
University of Cambridge, UK.
National Grid, Wokingham, UK.
UPU, Bern, CH.
UPU, Bern, CH.


1.easy to operate
2.Optional double working platform
3.Continuous operation of single-disc
Automatic window type of Floor-standing glue dispensing machine
Main features of Floor-standing glue dispensing machine:
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11.Control resolution of glue exudation is 1ms.
12.Continuous operation of single-disc and multi-fixture can be conducted to improve efficiency.
13.Exclusive high-speed rotating valve of YD company makes dispensing control at the beginning and the end of more precise.
14.It is applied to fluid dispensing,such as UV glue,AB glue,Epoxy(Black glue),white glue,EMI conductive glue,silicon,epxoy resin,instant glue,silver glue,red glue,paste,thermal grease,welding control paste,transparent painet,screw fixative and so on.
15.Applicable object:mobile phones,computer case,CD-ROM driver,printer,ink folder,PC board,LCD,LED,DVD,digital camera,switches,connectors,relays,radiators,semiconductors and other fluid dispensing products like repid dispensing connect with SMT facility,clocks,toys and medical apparatus.
Free parts of Floor-standing glue dispensing machine:
Stepping motor(360AD) / AC Servo(400AD/500AD)
Lead screw and guide rail
CCD Image system
80G disk,512 memory,2.7CPU
Micro-regulating packer rubber fixture
XYZ axis Three dimension adjustable
400(X) X 400(Y) X 80(Z)mm
500(X) X 500(Y) X 80(Z)mm
servo motor / ball screw
950 X 950 X 1600mm
1200 X 1100 X 1600mm
Moisture 20-90%,Temperature 0-40 °C
Silica gel, EMI conductive adhesive, UV glue, AB glue, fast
dry glue, epoxy adhesive, sealant, hot glue, grease, silver
glue, red glue, solder paste, cooling paste, prevent solder
paste,transparent lacquer,screw fixation agent, etc.
Automobile mechanical parts coating, cell phone buttons
point glue, mobile phone battery packaging, laptop battery
package, the coil point glue, PCB bond fixed sealant, IC
sealant, horn external punctuate glue, PDA sealant, LCD
sealant, IC packaging, IC bonding,casing bonding, optical
device processing, mechanical seal, etc.
Y&D Technology (HK) Co.,Ltd was founded in 2003.We are a professional high-tech company specialized in liquid dispenser, dispenser robot and all the accessories.We are one of the earliest developers of application robots which are used extensively in the liquid control and dispensing equipment industry Y&D Technology (HK) Co.,Ltd was founded in 2003.We are a professional high-tech company specialized in liquid dispenser, dispenser robot and all the accessories.We are one of the earliest developers of application robots which are used extensively in the liquid control and dispensing equipment industry today in China. Our aim is to solve the application problem of automatic liquid dispensing
If you are interetsed in any item, please contact us!


Welcome to ICEET 2015
2015 3rd International Conference on Electronics Engineering and Technology (ICEET 2015) will be held in Phuket, Thailand during April 2-3, 2015. The aim objective of ICEET 2015 is to present the latest research and results of scientists (preferred students, PhD Students, and post-doc scientist) related to Electronics Engineering and Technology topics. This conference provides opportunities for the different areas delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration.
All accepted papers of ICEET 2015 will be published in the International Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering (ISSN: 2301-380X).
*IJEEE is indexed by Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Engineering & Technology Digital Library, etc.
Some papers will be recommended to
International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering (IJCEE)
Abstracting/ Indexing: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Engineering & Technology Digital Library, Crossref, ProQuest, EI (INSPEC, IET), and Electronic Journals Library
*All papers will be blind reviewed and accepted
papers will be published bimonthly by the ETPublishing which is
available online (open
access) and in printed version.
|Full Paper Submission||January 20, 2015
|Notification of Acceptance||February
|Final Paper Submission||February 25, 2015|
April 2-3, 2015
Welcome to download the conference group photo of 2015(Click)
March 17, 2015 News!
Welcome the conference chair: Professor (Dr.) K. M. Gupta, (Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India) to make a keynote speech (Click)
March 17, 2015 News!
Welcome to download the final conference program(Click)
March 4, 2015 News!
Welcome to download the conference program(Click)
December 10, 2014 News!
The last round of submission has begun.Welcome to submit your paper.
November 10, 2014 News!
The second round of submission has begun.Welcome to submit your paper.
October 24, 2014 News!
Welcome Prof. Francisco Eduardo Rivera, Federal Aviation Administration, USA to make a keynote speech in the conference. (Click)!
October 15, 2014 News!
The ICEET 2015 has chosen the Grand Mercure Phuket Patong hotel as the conference venue.(Click)!
June 18, 2014 News!
ICEET 2015 will be held in Phuket, Thailand during April 2-3, 2015!
April 11, 2014 News! Congratulate Fatma Boufera, from Mascara University, Algeria for winning the best paper! (Click)


This week is pretty interesting, as I was working on the timing signals for the CCD. In order to perform demosaicing, my supervisor advised me to understand on the operation of the CCD.
The CCD Phase Signal
The CCD sensor will only operate and controlled by the timing signals that are supplied to the pins. I found this link to be useful in understanding the fundamental of CCD, such as the phase shifting of CCD output. Besides, CCD would have many different output modes that would affect its frame rate. The doubling of the CCD output actually doubles the frame rate. However, I found that many datasheet did not specify how are the outputs would be coming out from the CCD sensor. This actually took me some time to finally realize the CCD output order on each output.
A quad output CCD sensor like figure above would get output from the 4 edges of the frame, which it increases the frame rate by 4 times. Each quadrant output is actually getting from their nearest edges. For example, on the top left quadrant, the pixel output of first line is from the left to the middle of the line. Whereby for the bottom right quadrant, the pixel move from the last pixel of last line to the middle of the last line. Followed by the vertical CCD clock timing, the pixel data will shift from top to bottom for the 2 top quadrants, and from bottom to top for the 2 bottom quadrants. All the quadrants would be reading in the same rate if the all the timing signals for all the quadrant are supplied in the same rate. This also mean that the frame rate is fully controlled by the timing signals, where in my case, I would be using the FPGA to generate the timing signals.
The Necessary CCD Timing Signals
As I discover through the datasheets and schematics, I found that only several timing signals are necessary in order to do the demosaicing, which are the line signal, frame signal and the pixel signal. The line signal would be the vertical CCD clock signal, which is one of the several vertical phase signals. Meanwhile, the pixel signal, which is the horizontal CCD clock signal, could be generated by the ADC timing module. Furthermore, the demosaicing would be done using the output from the ADC, and typically there would be some cycles of latency from the ADC output, which is also necessary to be taken into account during the collection of ADC output.
The following diagram shows the necessary signals that would need to be generated by the FPGA, which specify the line (v1t1,v2t) and frame (v1t2) signal. Using these signals, the pixel signal could be generated by the external ADC modules, to be connected into the CCD directly.


11月8日（水）16:30~17:30に、Nastassia Pouradier Duteil博士によるセミナーが開催されます。
タイトル：Reaction-diffusion PDEs on time-evolving maniforlds
講演者：Dr. Nastassia Pouradier Duteil (Paris-Dauphine University)
場所：兵庫県立大学 神戸情報科学キャンパス ３１３ セミナー室
Among the main actors of organism development there are morphogens, which are signaling molecules diffusing in the developing organism and acting on cells to produce local responses. Growth is thus determined by the distribution of such signal. Meanwhile, the diffusion of the signal is itself affected by the changes in shape and size of the organism. In other words, there is a complete coupling between the diffusion of the signal and the change of the shapes. We introduce a mathematical model to investigate such coupling. The shape is given by a manifold, that varies in time as the result of a deformation given by a transport equation. The signal is represented by a density, diffusing on the manifold via a diffusion equation. We show the non-commutativity of the transport and diffusion evolution by introducing a new concept of Lie bracket between the diffusion and the transport operator. We also provide numerical simulations showing this phenomenon.


Kapsch TrafficCom announced the successful completion of a sophisticated tolling pilot project in partnership with Aventi Intelligent Communication AS and Norwegian authorities. The pilot, conducted over the summer, tested technology capable of assessing toll fees based on vehicle type, emissions class and distance driven. Kapsch noted, “While this type of charging is already established for trucks, the tested system could for the first time offer a practicable and user-friendly instrument for passenger cars as well.” According to the firm’s CTO, Alfredo Escriba, “In total, more than two million kilometers of trips . . . were analyzed. The system was able to handle the challenging environments of the Norwegian road network, matching routes and calculating rates with an accuracy level above 99%.” The project furthered Norway’s effort to replace fuel taxation, which is producing diminishing returns with so many of the country’s drivers switching to electric vehicles.


Unless you have had your head stuck in the sand somewhere, you would have already seen or heard something about the upcoming Apple iPhone, the next iPod-replacing innovation announced Tuesday at the annual Apple “geek-meet”.
It’s been posted all over the Blogosphere, but I realise some of my readers don’t read a lot of other Blogs and aren’t all that “techie” so here’s a brief demo of what this amazing gadget is going to be able to do for you.
A few notes before you watch the vid below
- The iPhone will combine your iPod, phone and handheld Internet device into one hell of a high tech, sexy gadget.
- The “white dot” in the demo below represents your finger movements as the widescreen device is fully touch screen activated.
- Yes, the display actually does change when you switch it around in your hand from landscape to portrait orientation. There’s a sensor built in that detects this movement. Yikes!
- Apple may yet have a battle on their hands getting the device to the masses. The launch of the iPhone is already up against a number of legal challenges over the use of the name amongst other things, and in order for the device to go mainstream, it’s going to require a HUGE collaborative effort with telecommunications companies in each country of launch. It’s fair to say therefore, that in Australia where the telecommunications infrastructure is archaic and years behind the rest of the world, there will be no point in getting excited about the iPhone at this stage. Sorry.


What are these glorious golden space swirls? According to NASA, who captured this video with the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), this happened when a dark solar filament erupted and caused a chain reaction.They call these cascading magnetic arches because what you see here is a lot of particles spinning around the sun’s magnetic field lines.
Here’s a video where you can see what a dark solar filament looks like. The darker area, almost in the shape of a circle is it. Filaments are plasma held above the sun’s surface by magnetic forces.
He’s done this in the past with other movies like ‘Interstellar,’ and quite frankly, it’s a bit of an unbecoming buzzkill. Tyson doesn’t care though, and claims some of the audience will watch sci-fi films for ideas on what to invent for future days.


Thursday, June 01, 2017
Then suddenly, I was in a library, talking with some people about how aliens wouldn't look anything like us, or be anything like us if they came from a different universe, or even galaxy. Then it was clear that the library was part of some paranormal investigators office, and I was setting off some electronic device used to detect certain types of electromagnetic waves. This wasn't normal, and the device was emitting an unusual noise indicating that it was at max capacity on it's detection chart. The noise turned into my daughters voice crying out, "DAD!" in a very worried state. I tried to call her and couldn't reach her, and I started to panic. This is where the dream ended as it wok me up.
Posted by Joe at 8:00:00 AM


Samsung Ativ S Neo, Smartphone 4.8 Inch With Cheap Price
Sigmanews - Presently Samsung is trying to explore windows phone smartphone market that had been dominated by HTC and Nokia. In the near future, Samsung will release a plan Ativ S Neo Smartphone with Windows operating system. quoted from SlashGear, Samsung Ativ Neo S will be carried by a 4.8 inch screen and 720p HD screen resolution. To the problem machine, Samsung Ativ S Neo will be armed with a dual core processor with a speed of 1.4 GHz and 1GB of RAM.
In terms of camera maybe this could be the advantages of the Samsung S Neo, because it has a pretty decent camera attached great resolution is 8 Mega Pixels and has a fairly large internal memory as well, which possessed 16GB 16GB internal memory. In terms of specifications owned by the Neo Samsung Ativ S, when compared with the Nokia Lumia 520, Samsung Ativ S Neo is still superior. Samsung Ativ S Neo plans to launch its inaugural launch in the USA and priced around $ 150 or 1.5 million Rupiah. (bz)
Editor : Bonza


Here are step-by-step instructions on tips on how to wire up a 3 way lighting circuit or to change a existing two way light circuit to a three way system, this may be very useful on stairs etc. as you possibly can have a switch at the bottom of the stairs and one at each end of the landing. Make sure the electricity is isolated before working on any electrical circuit! For three way switching you need a special light switch with 4 terminals, this is called a intermediate switch and is easily identifiable. You will also need two light switches which can be “two way”, these will have three terminals.
All electrical pages are for information only! New rules have been introduced for electrical safety in the house, please read this document by clicking here, before starting any electrical work
Three way switching is just not as difficult because it first seems and must be pretty straight forwards should you follow the diagrams below. Earth wires have been omitted from all photo’s and diagrams for clarity, but must be connected in any respect earth terminals. Two-way light switches are required for 3 way switching, these can be identified by looking on the terminals on the back of the switch . There might be a Com (common) terminal a L1 terminal and a L2 terminal. You will also need an intermediate switch to slot in between the other two switches, this can easily be identified because it has two L1 terminals and two L2 terminals.
(with the old wiring colours)
Three core and earth cable is required to put in two or three way switching and this must be run from the first light switch to second switch (intermediate) after which to the third switch after which wired as shown in this diagram. Switch one is the switch that contains the live wire and switched live wire.
The diagram shows single colours only. In real life these wires can be covered by an outer protective sheath and would come with a bare earth wire and could be called a cable.
Red sleeving or tape would of been placed on the wires as shown to show that they could be live in some unspecified time in the future. Brown sleeving or tape has now replaced red. Note how the Yellow wire is connected together in a terminal connector within the back box for the intermediate switch.
This is identical diagram as above, but using the new harmonised colours.
Three core and earth cable is required to install two or three way switching and this should be run from the first light switch to the second (intermediate) and then to the third switch and then wired as shown in this diagram. Switch one is the switch that contains the live wire and switched live wire. The diagram shows single colours only. In real life these wires would be covered by an outer protective sheath and would include a bare earth wire and would be called a cable.
Brown sleeving or tape would of been placed on the wires as shown to show that they would be live in some unspecified time in the future. Note how the Grey wire is connected together in a terminal connector within the back box for the intermediate switch.
Here you possibly can see the back of a light switch, in this instance it is a two way switch being used for a a technique light. A one way switch has only a common and L1 terminal and a two way switch has a standard, L1 and L2 terminal, like this one in the image. Note that new harmonised cable is getting used (Brown and Blue) and note that Brown sleeving has been placed over the Blue wire, This signifies that it is going to be live at some point! The earth wire should always be connected to the earthing points, it has been removed for clarity here but must be connected, even on plastic light switches, unless there is no such thing as a earthing terminal. The back box will need earthing unless it is plastic and there is no earthing point.
For three way switching you need a length of three core and earth cable long enough to reach from the prevailing light switch to the second light switch after which a length from the second light switch to the third light switch.
This cable needs routing via the simplest route, listed below are the rules and permissible zones permitted wiring zones
This is not the new harmonised cable so the colours might have changing, the earth sleeving still needs using before connection as with all cable.
There are not any set rules for which wire does what in three way lighting, but I am going to make use of essentially the most sensible option.
These two wires are the permanent live and switched live wires.
There are no fixed regulations for which wire goes where but should you follow the colours that I have used here, they seem to make sense!
Note how all of the wires have brown sleeving on them! I’ve slid this back a bit of then you possibly can see the actual colours of the wires. The brown wire and the blue wire that is sheathed brown are already in terminals L1 and L2, this is described above. These two wires are the Permanent live and switched live.
The Grey wire goes in the common terminal, Brown within the L1 terminal and Black goes in the L2 terminal. When ever you fasten a wire right into a terminal, always give it a gentle pull to ensure it is fastened correctly. This can save hours of work later on when the wire pops out and stops working!
L1,L1 and L2,L2 The two wires from the first light switch, that are red and Blue go into the L1 and L1 terminals. (new colours might be Brown and Black)
The 2 wires which might be going to the final switch, which again can be red and Blue go into the terminals marked L2 and L2. (new colours might be Brown and Black)
The yellow wire (new colour Grey) is solely joined together using a terminal block, this can be taped up with insulation tape and left in the back box. Brown sleeving needs to be placed on all wires except the earth which requires green and yellow sleeving. The colours are usually not important but what each wire does is important.
This is the back of the second switch that may make the circuit 2 way, once again the brown sleeving has been slid back for clarity. The wires in this switch should mimic precisely the three wires that you’ve got put in the other switch.
The Yellow wire goes within the common terminal, Red within the L1 terminal and Blue goes within the L2 terminal.
The Grey wire goes within the common terminal, Brown in the L1 terminal and Black goes within the L2 terminal. You now have a light that can be switched on or off from 2 different locations.


iPhone XS – 64 GB – 8694 – Unlocked
Despite featuring the same exterior design that the iPhone X debuted, the iPhone XS is a heavily-upgraded successor. It has a 5.8-inch OLED display that supports HDR10 video playback and wide-color gamut, as well as an improved TrueTone sensor to adjust the color temperature of the display. The A12 Bionic chipset is built on a 7nm manufacturing process and offers unmatched performance and efficiency that aids the battery endurance.
Out of stock


Weather balloon from 1989 found in Parachute
GRAND JUNCTION, Colo. (KKCO) - A weather balloon from 1989 was found in Parachute Monday and returned to the National Weather Service Office in Grand Junction.
The weather balloons are used to transmit wind speed, temperature and dew point in real time, among others.
For the last ten years return addresses have been put on weather balloons incase they blow off and get lost. Since they can travel a great distance. But since this radioson weather relic is from before that time, it’s a very rare occurrence to find one.
”That version from 1989 was a fairly large instrument based on the technology then,” said Meteorologist Kris Sanders. “But over time we have improved the technology of the measuring devices as well as transferring the information back to the weather service.”
Copyright 2022 KKCO. All rights reserved.


Free shippingOn All International Orders over $100
Hassle-free returns30-Day Postage Paid No Hassle Returns
Suaoki Solar Panel 800mAh Torch Lantern Collapsible Flashlight with USB
Renewable Power Source! Forget your old AA/AAA dry battery today and take the sunlight on the go. Also, it can be charged via USB cable if you needed.
Main Features: 1.Suaoki solar collapsible lantern has three lighting modes, low-brightness, high-brightness and SOS flashing, it can be used in different environment to achieve the brightness you need
2.Running time: in the case of high-brightness running time more than 5 hours，in the case of low-brightness running time more than 12 hours.
3.Pull it to be a led lantern which is great for travel or emergencies. Collaspe it to be a mini flashlight which has small volume and easy to carry.
4.Solar panel & USB rechargeable latern. Suaoki SB-6038 supports regular 5V usb charging, also it can be charged by solar panel when you are in the open air.
5.Build-in 800mA battery, so it can charge your phone for emergency
Multiple Usage: The collapsible design makes the lantern ultra-portable, thus you can easily take it with you for most outdoor activities. Also, you could just enjoy it as a moon light for family entertainment. Last but not least, the SOS flashing light can help you in power outage and emergencies.
Number of Panels: 1 Foldable Solar Panel: No Type: Solar Panel Size: 9.80 x 9.60 x 5.50 cm Flexible Solar Panel: No Number of Cells: 1 Brand Name: Suaoki is_customized: Yes Model Number: Orange-1 Material: Monocrystalline Silicon Nominal Capacity: 800mah Item: Solar battery Battery Capacity: 800mA Type: Solar power Light Name1: Solar panel Function: Solar panel & USB rechargeable lantern


Generally, people are looking to add the extra speakers to their pre-existing sound system and this is to increase their sound effects.
But without the help of an amplifier, you can accomplish your task because they are the one that brings power to all your speakers and makes them produce the sound.
But in some cases, when you add extra speakers that will reduce the power in any one of those speakers and it can be corrected when you have enough knowledge about it.
The amplifier will most probably contain two channels that are left channel and right channel, in this case, you can connect two speakers to it.
But in some of those amplifiers, you can wire 3 speakers to a 2 channel amp. This is the reason why it is to be said that grasp knowledge on connecting the speakers to the amplifier and also how much the amplifier can handle to make the task easier one for you.
Before connecting the speakers to the amplifier you have to know the speaker’s power and the amplifier capacity to deliver the power.
People think that if the speaker is rated as 50 watts and by adding another speaker of 50 watts to it, they will give them 100 watts of power.
The assumption is true when you connect 50 watts’ speaker, to another 50 watts’ speaker you can get 100 watts but if the maximum capacity of the amplifier is just 50 watts they cannot deliver beyond it. So the capacity of amplifier matters here not the power of speakers.
You can connect 6 speakers on 4 channel amp in some cases and in that case, the variation in the capacity of the amplifier will be created.
The power rating on the speaker is just to indicate the power of your speaker to drive them safely it doesn’t influence the power of the amplifier.
The output power of the amplifier will be pre-designed, so the maximum output of the amplifier will completely depend on the design and total impedance of the speakers connected to it.
So when you thinking about the matching different speakers you have to know about the result of mixing speakers with different impedance. It is very important if you don’t want to damage your speakers.
Before connecting the multiple speakers, you have to get to know about the power capacity of your amplifier so that you can bind the task without damaging speakers or amplifiers.


Apple iPhone: Smartphone maker and Tech Giant have a habit of releasing the surprise models and releasing ‘S’ models which are upgraded on their older ones like 5S. 6S. in months of April –may for every year. Now also Apple may release the next version of the iPhone which one upgraded version of iPhone 7 and 7plus. Or directly Apple can release its next version of the iPhone, iphone8.
As of the rumors, Apple is going to release the updated version of iPhone 7 and iPhone 7plus, i.e., iPhone 7S and iPhone 7S plus. And it may be in Red color body. Alongside it will be the having the glass body containing 4.7 and 5.5 inches OLED screen with no home button, with wireless charging.
According to the supply chain of Apple Taiwanese. Next iPhone model is in flashy red colour. Japanese blog Otakara also reported that the iPhone 7S and 7S Plus must be having a refreshed hardware. But it is not a whole change in the design just it was changed in the processor chip. A new A11 chip was inserting for a fast performance for the mobile, and it would not be with Glass body and wireless charging.
But 2017 is the 10th anniversary for the Apple So, it might be a chance for releasing the iPhone 8 with wireless charging, Glass body without a Home button, an inbuilt front camera in the display, OLED display to reduce the thickness and weight of the iPhone Device.
Maybe Mac Otakara prediction would be Right according to the iPhone prediction because his prediction is getting the truth in almost all of the cases. For example, Mac Otakara predicted about the iPhone7 will be releasing without audio jack pin and Releasing of Jet Black Colour. So Rumors about iPhone7 and 7plus must be Truth.


In the Computer Systems and Platforms Laboratory at Seoul National University, we focus on future computer systems and platforms. As more and more cores are integrated into one single chip, the architectural changes not only require new operating system structures but also compilers and programming languages that enable developers to exploit the computing power of the chip while at the same time providing an efficient development environment.
We are currently conducting research in the following areas
- Performance prediction on parallel applications
- Runtime systems for efficient execution of multiple parallel applications on heterogeneous systems
- Compiler-runtime interaction for efficient execution of parallel applications
Coarse-grained reconfigurable architectures (CGRAs)
- System verification
- Compilation techniques
- Running deep neural networks (DNNs) efficiently on CGRAs
Data centers of the future
- Modelling performance of live migration
- Efficient live migration
Distributed memory systems for data centers
We are always looking for motivated and curious students ready to get their hands dirty on systems research. Postdocs, who want to spend some time in our lab to collaborate on one of our research topics, are also welcome.
Further information can be found on our Join Us page.
Phone: +82 (0)2 880 1819
Fax: +82 (0)2 875 1819
- Mailing address: Computer Systems and Platforms Laboratory, 301-419 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea


SIGBOOM is a 3D racing game/shooter written as a class project for John Reppy's spring 2008 Game Construction class at the University of Chicago. It was developed in C++ using OpenGL for graphics, SDL for the user interface/input, and the Open Dynamics Engine for rigid body physics.
This course was designed to allow students who had taken classes in a variety of disciplines (Graphics, AI, Networking, Physics, and Software Architecture) to pull together that experience to work in teams for an entire quarter on a single complex program written mostly from scratch. The prompt was to build a realtime 3D racing game. The starting code was limited to a track format and small library to read track files.
The SIGBOOM team decided to go with a floating, low friction, podracer style physics. This allows the racing craft to spin in place and allows their facing and velocity vectors to diverge for long periods of time. Full gravity is implemented (yes we know it is in space) and ships are held up and stabilized by a pack of four AI controlled thrusters on the bottom. Combined with the full rigid body physics simulation this allows many interesting strategies for careening off of obstacles (and other players) in physically satisfying ways.
The usual gamut of racing game features are present: speedometer, timers, laps, lap timers, record time, multiple tracks. It has full support for multiple AI racers that use the same control system and physics as the player. The AI is good enough to be challenging but tuned to not be inhumanly powerful. There is also a LAN mode that allows multiple human players to play each other. Not content with mere racing, the team also implemented a health system, powerups (shields, health potions), and an arsenal of weaponry (laser cannon, missile launcher, timed mines) to provide alternative strategies to winning races.
SIGBOOM authors Peter Thorson and Patrick Lange were interviewed for an article in the University of Chicago Computer Science Departmental Newsletter: Fun and Games, University of Chicago Style.
The SIGBOOM lobby screen. The blue ship represents the local Human player. Red ships represent AI vehicles.
A SIGBOOM race just starting!
A SIGBOOM racer cruising along the course
A SIGBOOM game that has devolved into wanton destruction (As is quite common).
Responsible for game physics. Ansel implemented an interface between the game core and an abstract physics engine that allowed the game to swap between using simple "Asteroid style" physics and more advanced systems. Using the Open Dynamics Engine library he added advanced physics features to the game including collision detection with full rigid body dynamics and vehicle movement based on a thruster system controlled both by the player (forward motion and turning) and the vehicle's autocorrecting stabilization system (altitude/pitch/roll).
Responsible for advanced graphics. Robert implemented most of the advanced graphical features of SIGBOOM including all texturing, skyboxes, text rendering, and spherical planet doodads. He also implemented the scoring/lap timing/calculation features and mini map.
Responsible for AI. Patrick implemented a host of AI commands and behaviors including seek, flee, dodge, and evade. AI controllers control their vehicles in the same way human players do (via firing thrusters) and can make solid time around the track that is tough for humans to beat.
Responsible for networking. In addition to local Human and AI players, SIGBOOM allows other human players to join a game over the local TCP/IP network. Rob implemented this functionality and all related functionality (network protocol, serialization/unserialization for all objects and game state, game client synchronization).
Responsible for game core and basic graphics. Peter designed the modular application core (main event loop / object system / vehicle controllers) that allowed the AI/Networking/Physics systems to be built in parallel without conflicts and implemented the core game features (track loading, explosions, weapon systems/powerups, and game balance). He also implemented graphics for the track, vehicles, and weapons.


Enabling ICN in IP networks via DNS Extensions: A Measurement Study
- Hilt V.
- Satzke K.
ICN promises benefits to users and service providers along several dimensions, including lower response time, nearest-replica routing, intrinsic content integrity without external network-level indicators, location-independent naming and improved support for mobility. However, these benefits come at non-trivial cost as many ICN proposals call for adding significant complexity to the network. ...
64¬ Gb/s Optical Transmission Using DFB EAM Transmitter and SOA PIN TIA Receiver with -23.5 dBm Record Sensitivity
- Achouche M.
- Angelini P.
- Blache F.
- Caillaud C.
- Dupuy J.
- Goix M.
- Jorge F.
- Mekhazni K.
This paper reports a complete transmission system for next generation high speed optical communication systems networks for short reach applications such as access networks and data center interconnects. It consists of a 63 GHz DFB-EAM transmitter and a SOA-PIN-TIA receiver with -23.5 dBm sensitivity at a bit error rate (BER) ...
All-electronic 99-GHz Digital-to-Analog Converter Generating 180-GBaud PAM Signals
- Adamiecki A.
- Chen X.
- Pupalaikis P.
- Randel S.
- Raybon G.
- Sethumadhavan C.
- Winzer P.
We demonstrate the all-electronic generation of 180-GBaud Nyquist shaped pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) signals with 99-GHz RF bandwidth using digital bandwidth interleaving (DBI).
Future Cognitive Mobile Networks : Connecting Management and Orchestration
- Gruber M.
The goals when running a mobile network have remained the same over the years, namely reducing CAPEX/OPEX by decreasing the necessary level of manual intervention and increasing the network performance. However, the complexity has dramatically increased: 5G networks will have to be able to deal with dynamic slice management and ...
On Bayesian high-dimensional compressed sensing
- Jalali S.
- Maleki A.
In this paper, the problem of Bayesian compressed sensing is studied. Given the distribution of the source, and under-determined linear measurements of the source vector, a new recovery algorithm proposed that asymptotically achieves the optimal performance.
Go-Index: Applying supply networks principles as Internet robustness metrics
- Bachmann I.
- Bustos-Jimenez J.
- Morales F.
- Silva A.
Whether as telecommunications or power systems, networks are very important in everyday life. Maintaining these networks properly functional and connected, even under attacks or failures, is of special concern. This topic has been previously studied with a whole network robustness perspective. With this perspective, whenever a node is removed the ...
Opinion Manipulation in Social Networks
- Silva A.
In this work, we are interested in finding the most efficient use of a budget to promote an opinion by paying agents within a group to supplant their true opinions. We model opinions as continuous scalars ranging from 0 to 1 with 1 representing extremely positive opinion. We focus on ...
MIMO Equalization for Multi-Gbit/s Communication Under Channel Variability
- D. Vande Ginste
- Guenach M.
- Jacobs L.
- Jelle Bailleul
- Marc Moeneclae
- P. Manfredi
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) equalization at the transmitter and/or receiver has been shown to enable multi-Gbit/s communication over lowcost electrical interconnects. Because of the high operating frequencies, however, the interconnects become susceptible to manufacturing tolerances and the equalization filters must be adjusted to the specific channel realization to achieve optimal performance. ...
On the Fundamental Characteristics of Ultra-Dense Small Cell Net
- Claussen H.
- Lopez-Perez D.
- Ming Ding
- Mohamed Ali Kaafarx
In order to cope with the forecasted 1000x increase in wireless capacity demands by 2030, network operators tend to aggressively densify the network infrastructure, so as to reuse the spectrum as much as possible. However, it is important to realise that these new ultra-dense small cell networks are fundamentally different ...
A Theory of Nonlinear Signal-Noise Interactions in Wavelength Division Multiplexed Coherent Systems
- Ghazisaeidi A.
a general theory of nonlinear signal-noise interactions for wavelength division multiplexed fiber-optic coherent transmission systems is presented. This theory is based on the regular perturbation treatment of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, which governs the wave propagation in the optical fiber, and is exact up to the first order in the ...
1.2 Tbit/s (64 QAM at 100 GBaud) transmission over 300 km
- Altenhain L.
- Buchali F.
- Dümler U.
- Engenhardt K.
- Eriksson T.
- Idler W.
- Möller M.
- Schmalen L.
- Schmid R.
- Schuh K.
- Templ W.
We demonstrate dual polarization 64 QAM transmission at 100 GBaud over 300 km ultra large effective area fiber. The achieved line rate of 1.2 Tbit/s is the highest line rate achieved without OTDM.
Algorithm for IoT service characterization: performance evaluation
- Ammar N.
- Le Pallec .
- Noirie L.
With the explosion of the number and variety of connected objects, it is necessary to define a system of recommendation of IoT services to the users so that they better use the connected objects that are at their disposal. The purpose of this recommendation system is to provide the user ...
Non-Intrusive and Efficient Detection of Latent Reliability Bottlenecks within Cloud Storage Services
- Chen R.
- Zhai E.
Large-scale storage systems, common in cloud computing, employ replication techniques to ensure reliability. Along with the increasing scale of modern cloud platforms, however, replica servers may inadvertently depend on deep, common infrastructure components, e.g., switches and DNS servers. Such unexpected common dependencies are defined as Latent Reliability Bottlenecks (or LRBs), ...
Optimal Channel Allocation with Scalable TTI for Heterogeneous Services
- Fountoulakis E.
- Liao Q.
- Pappas N.
- Suryaprakash V.
- Yuan D.
The rapid growth in the number of varieties of connected devices requires 5G wireless systems to cope with a very heterogeneous traffic mix. As a consequence, the use of a fixed Transmission Time Interval (TTI) during transmission is not necessarily the most efficacious method for the simultaneous service of such ...
Multi-Dimensional Resource Management in 5G Networks
- Decarreau G.
- Ewe L.
- Liao Q.
- Mwanje S.
- Naseer-Ul-Islam M.
- Sanneck H.
Increased demand for mobile broadband services is driving densification of mobile networks through 4G small cells while spectrum scarcity demands deployment in newer bands including shared unlicensed spectrum. Concurrently, new requirements from vertical industries drive the development of 5G, envisioned not only as a new Radio Access Technology (RAT) but ...
RobOps: Robust control for cloud services
- Arjona Aroca J.
- Chen C.
- Lugones D.
Performing online automated resource provisioning for services in the cloud needs to be robust in order to fulfil minimum Service Level Objectives (SLOs). Resource provisioning is mostly carried out by solutions based on scaling policies, being its probably most popular example Amazon Web Services AutoScaling. However, the validity of this ...
Repeated CTD -- Unleashing the Potential in Multiple Testing Iterations
- Segall I.
Test design is the process of planning and designing the tests to be performed on a software system. The time scale at which organizations perform and modify their test design is typically orders of magnitude larger than that of development, especially in modern agile development processes. As a result, often ...
Multi-Objective Data Placement for Multi-Cloud Socially Aware Services
- Du W.
- Fu X.
- Jiao L.
- Li J.
Socially aware services are services where users form social relationships and interact with one another, which often have a large user base and every user's data have to be partitioned and replicated over multiple geographically distributed clouds. Choosing which cloud to place data, however, is difficult. Effective data placements entail ...
DualQ Coupled AQM for Low Latency, Low Loss and Scalable Throughput
- De Schepper K.
- Tsang I.
Data Centre TCP (DCTCP) was designed to provide predictably low queuing latency, near-zero loss, and throughput scalability using explicit congestion notification (ECN) and an extremely simple marking behaviour on switches. However, DCTCP does not co-exist with existing TCP traffic---throughput starves. So, until now, DCTCP could only be deployed where a ...
'Data Centre to the Home': Ultra-Low Latency for All
- Bondarenko O.
- Briscoe B.
- De Schepper K.
- Tsang I.
Data Centre TCP (DCTCP) was designed to provide predictably low queuing latency, near-zero loss, and throughput scalability using explicit congestion notification (ECN) and an extremely simple marking behaviour on switches. However, DCTCP does not co-exist with existing TCP traffic - throughput starves. So, until now, DCTCP could only be deployed ...


Contactors are electronically controlled switches which relay the flow of current to the circuit. When your contactor is bad, it breaks the circuit and prevents load switching in your HVAC system, disrupting the motor that circulates air. Contactors differ from relays in that a contactor generally handles more than 15 amps, while relays are typically rated for lower amp applications.
We carry Contactors rated Voltages of 115, 230, 480 volts. Amp ranges of 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90 amps. Poles: Single, Double, Three and Four pole.
When replacing your contactor, make sure you purchase a replacement with the same coil voltage, same number of poles, and the same amperage.


Kata.ai means PT. Yesboss Group Indonesia, a limited liability duly established under the laws of Indonesia engages in providing the services in natural language processing artificial intelligence and its related, supporting technology.
Data means data in the form of electronics that elaborate an individual or entity’s identity and also other information saved in the Kata’ai’s electronic system that is integrated with the Kata.ai Products.
User means every individual or entity who accesses and utilizes the Kata.ai Products.
ChatCommerce means a service integrated with store/merchants information management system to provide service through any kind of connected platform.
Cookies means a file that is sent from a website to be stored inside the user’s computer. The purpose of this file is to store information about the user’s previous activity in the website, which may include login information, previously accessed pages, IP Address.
Chatbot means a computer program that is able to access various functions through instructions in the form of text conversations.
Natural Language Processing (NLP) means an artificial intelligence technology that enables computers to understand human language in the form of text and/or voice, specifically defining the intent of the user based on the user’s speech and finding the right function to serve the user’s intent.
Internet Protocol Address (IP Address) means a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses Internet Protocol for communication. The purpose of this numerical label is to identify hosts or networks on the internet, as well as to detect the location of the device.
WhatsApp API means a connector to WhatsApp chat room which can be attached in various parts of Users’ media.
We may collect User Data, that includes but not limited to:
We conduct a collection of your data through:
We collect your data for these purposes:
In our best effort, We commit to protect Data security and Information from potential unauthorized access by any party by conducting and utilizing any considered necessary and reasonable security measures to review and update the security measures to comply with the latest technology.
We ensure that User shall has these rights:
We may retain User Data until the User requests to delete their Data. We will do our best to ensure that all User Data at server storage but we cannot guarantee in full due to the storage is in the server provider’s internal policy.
We may provide access for Data to:


Nikon 1 V3 + 10-30mm Power Zoom
18.4 Megapixel CX-format sensor,
Additional Product Information
The Nikon 1 V3 compact System camera is the latest model in the companies ever growing line up.
The new V3 features, a 18.4 Megapixel CX-format sensor, a lighting fast continuous shooting speed frame rate of 20fps and a new hybrid Autofocus system that uses 171 contrast detect focus areas and a 105 points that support Phase Detection AF.
The new Removable Hand Grip and the Electronic viewfinder are available as optional extras.
Other new features on the V3 are built in WI-FI and a new tilting touch screen capable LCD panel on the back of the camera.


I am an Assistant Professor in the Tandy School of Computer Science at the University of Tulsa. I received my Ph.D. student at the department of Computer Science and Engineering of the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. I worked as a Research assistant in the Software Engineering group (ESQuaReD) under the supervision of Dr. Gregg Rothermel and Dr. Anita Sarma. I had a joint appointment as Post Doctoral Scholar at the school of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science of the Oregon State University, Corvallis and the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. I worked with Dr. Margaret Burnett.
My research interest lies at the intersection between Human-Computer Interactions, Software Engineering, Education and Empirical Evaluation . Specifically, I envision a society where people in technical problem-solving professions (experts, novice programmers, end-user programmers, and underrepresented communities) can gain access to software tools that no longer drain their capabilities, but rather support and advance them. Her research is highly interdisciplinary and focused towards supporting problem-solving professionals.
I am a member of a End Users Shaping Effective Software (EUSES) consortium and exploratory programming (group of researchers around the world). At TU, I am faculty advisor for the Society of Women Engineers (SWE), National Center for Women & Information Technology (NCWIT), and University of Tulsa Young Professionals (TUYP). I am also Vice President of Outreach for SWE in Tulsa area. I am also in mentorship program of Oklahoma Women in Information Technology (OKWIT). I have received Master of Technology (M.Tech with distinction) and Bachelors of Technology (B.Tech) in Computer Science and Engineering. I am an Oracle 9i DBA Certified Professional.
I'm looking for self-motivated and hard-working Master and Ph.D. students. If you are interested in my research, please email me a copy of your CV/Resume, including some samples or descriptions of your major projects.


Computers control almost every part of our lives. Having an individual who can maintain control of a computer system, who can train others to use specific programs, and who can protect the information stored on computers is invaluable to business and industry.
Computer Science Program
ONLINE OPTIONS AVAILABLE!
About the Program
The Computer Science Program is designed to prepare students for employment in industry
or business, with emphasis on the small business computer environment. The program
offers four options: Cyber Security/Computer Forensic Technology, Programming, Software
Support (Help Desk), and Internet/Networking Technology.
Computer security specialists may plan, coordinate, and implement and organization’s information security. These workers may be called upon to educate users about computer security, install security software, monitor the network for security breaches, respond to cyber attacks, and in some cases, gather data and evidence to be used in prosecuting cyber crime. The responsibilities of computer security specialists has increased in recent years as there has been a large increase in the number of cyber attacks on data and networks.
Computer programmers write, test, and maintain detailed programs that computers must follow to perform their functions, as well as conceive, design, and test logical structures for solving problems by computers. Computer programs tell the computer what to do – which information to identify and access, how to process it, and what equipment to use. Many programmers update, repair, modify, and expand existing programs.
Computer support specialists and help-desk technicians provide technical assistance, support, and advice to customers and other users. These troubleshooters interpret problems and provide technical support for hardware, software, and systems.
Network administrators design, install, and support an organization’s local-area network (LAN), wide-area network (WAN), network segment, Internet, or intranet system. They provide day-to-day onsite administration support for software users in a variety of work environments. They maintain network hardware and software, analyze problems, and monitor the network to ensure its availability to system users.
Job prospects should be best for college graduates who are up to date with the latest
skills and technologies. Employers will continue to seek computer specialists who
possess a strong background in fundamental computer skills combined with good interpersonal
and communication skills.
The median annual wage for computer systems analysts was $90,180 in May 2105. Employment of computer systems analysts is projected to grow 25 percent from 2012-2024, much faster than the average for all occupations. (Source: U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Cloud Computing AAS
Cloud Computing STC
Cyber Security AS
Cyber Technician STC
Cybersecurity and Networking Technology AAS
Data Analytics AAS
Data Analytics STC
Electric Vehicle EV Cybersecurity STC
Geospatial Technology AAS
Geospatial Technology STC
Information Technology AAS
Information Technology STC
Network Technician STC
Systems Engineering STC
Systems Engineering Technology SET AAS
AS, AAS, STC
Curriculum: Program of Study
Pathway Maps: Information Technology, Cyber Security, Cybersecurity and Networking Technology, Programming A.A.S., Programming A.S., Geospatial Technology, Data Analytics A.A.S., Short Term Certificate, Systems Engineering Technology, Artifical Intelligence, Cloud Computing


New to Australia from GE Grid Solutions and available exclusively from CSE Uniserve, MDS LaunchNET™ is an automated field deployment tool for GE MDS industrial wireless communication devices. The device discovery and configuration solution eliminates manual configuration and human errors during deployment, enabling ‘Zero-Touch’ or ‘One-Touch’ for secure automated provisioning. MDS LaunchNET™ is designed for managing and deploying any number of devices with minimal effort in a fully automated and rapid way.
Intuitive user interface:
An easy-to-use Graphical User Interface (GUI) that enables management of external interfaces for user authentication using LDAP/Radius and Microsoft PKI for X.509 device certificate enrolment, device inventory database, creation and staging of device configuration templates, and viewing deployment reports.
Zero-touch provisioning driven by device itself which can be done in a secure staging environment over a local network and/or in the field over the field network.
One-touch (In-band or out-of-band):
LaunchNET™ client can either use an existing network infrastructure for accessing the server (out-of-band) or device’s cellular link for devices equipped with 4G/3G/2G modems. No knowledge is required by field technicians, who are only required to enter user authentication credentials in the client software on a computer or tablet. The client provides an electronic report with the results of the provisioning process.
Secure your best return on network investment with MDS PulseNET™
Monitoring and managing the health of your network is a critical consideration when designing, purchasing, and deploying equipment for your communications system. Equally important is ensuring that you maximise your network’s ROI by increasing system throughput and uptime, improving the utilisation of networked devices, and supporting the deployment of maintenance resources when problems arise.
MDS PulseNET™ network management software was designed specifically for MDS Industrial Radio communication systems and satisfies the real-time needs of customers who are responsible for managing them. MDS PulseNET™ software is unique, as it requires no customisation to get started – offering true, out-of-the box functionality. With the PulsePAK add-on, support for specific third-party devices allows you to discover, monitor, and take action on your multi-vendor network.
Reduce the cost and complexity of managing your multi-vendor network with new PulsePAK
PulsePAK is a complimentary add-on to PulseNET Enterprise software. PulsePAK enables support for a wide range of third-party devices, allowing you to manage all your network devices in a single easy-to-use application. With PulsePAK you can:
- Discover, authorise, and monitor third party devices
- Enable or disable rules, notifications, and configure custom thresholds for several severity levels
- Auto-schedule collection of radio performance and configuration data, and view data trends over time
- View, track, and act on any alerts generated.
To find out more about how these solutions can work for you, call CSE Uniserve on 1800 987 616 or contact us.[DISPLAY_ULTIMATE_SOCIAL_ICONS]


Some home inspectors use modern technology to help them examine a home. Thermal imaging in home inspections is when a special infrared camera is used to reveal and capture temperature variations in a specific area. These infrared images provide insight into issues and potential concerns with a property.
A thermal camera can help your home inspector locate problem areas within the electrical, plumbing, and insulation systems. For a better understanding of thermal imaging and how it’s useful, here are some things to know about infrared cameras in inspections.
How Does Thermal Imaging in Home Inspections Work?
A thermal imaging camera captures heat signatures throughout the house. Using the information revealed in the infrared images, the inspector can see if heating and cooling units work properly, find electrical hot-spots, look for air leaks, and determine if rooms are properly insulated. This information will be shared with the homeowner in a detailed inspection report.
3 Issues Thermal Imaging Can Detect
With infrared thermal imaging, if there are hidden water leaks behind walls or in the ceiling, a thermal camera can detect them. The camera will show potential moisture problems by “seeing” a cooler temperature in the affected area.
Your inspector will scan electrical panels as part of the home inspection process. The infrared images might reveal excessive heat in an area that indicates an electrical hotspot. The inspector can then document this in the inspection report for further investigation.
Problems with Insulation
Heat loss also shows up in infrared images. The camera may show cooler areas around doors and windows, and in walls, roofs, and floors. This makes it possible for an inspector to detect air leaks and areas of missing or insufficient insulation.
Thermal Imaging in Home Inspections Provides a More Detailed Report
Home inspectors provide pictures, including infrared images, in their final report along with explanations of what the images show. Varying levels of heat will appear as different colors in the image. Looking at the report, you’ll be able to see temperature changes that indicate problems in certain areas.
Thermal inspections give the homeowner information to help correct issues that lead to high electric bills or to resolve matters that could require costly maintenance later. Infrared cameras detect moisture that could lead to serious water damage.
Thermal imaging can locate problems in electrical systems before they become a hazard that puts you and your family in danger. A thermal imaging scan might also reveal issues with energy efficiency, including cracks, gaps, and poor insulation. All of these negatively impact your home’s comfort and monthly utility bills.
The goal of a home inspection is to learn about the true condition of the home. Thermal imaging in home inspections improves an inspector’s ability to gather information on a property. This data is important to realtors, buyers, sellers, and contractors.
Infrared images show homeowners where improvements need to be made. It helps everyone with a stake in the property make informed decisions. If you’re looking to have a home inspected, choose a company that uses thermal imaging for the most thorough and accurate inspection report.


Samsung Series 7 Gamer comes with an optimized gaming mode, which turbo cools the central processor to keep it working on full speed for continuous gaming action. The Windows key and touchpad may also be disabled using the Gaming mode settings to avoid accidental interruptions, the main gaming keys are highlighted in red, so you play faster with less errors.
With the 3rd generation Intel Core i7 quad-core processor, you will get excellent multitasking capabilities whether you are playing immersive 3-D games or making HD video. And Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0.1 gains speed automatically for whatever you are doing. Samsung Series 7 Gamer also provided with a read-only Blu-ray Disc drive.
Samsung Series 7 Gamer is optimized for hardcore gaming
Samsung Series 7 Gamer – Enjoy powerful, best in class, fast performance with the cutting-edge Intel Core processor and advanced ExpressCache technology for ultra fast processing and Internet access. With a SuperBright screen and NVIDIA GeForce GTX 675M Graphics
17.3-inch LED-backlit display with Full HD 1080p resolution
Dimensions and Weight: 16.1 x 11.2 x 2 inches (WxDxH); 8.4 pounds
2.3 GHz Intel Core i7-3610QM quad-core processor (3.3 GHz with Turbo Boost Technology; 6 MB L3 cache)
1.5 terabyte hard drive with ExpressCache technology
Blu-ray Disc combo drive
16 gigabyte of installed DDR3 RAM
NVIDIA GeForce GTX 675M graphics with 2 GB of GDDR5 video memory


FREE NSF-FUNDED WORKSHOP - Mizzou's 10th Annual Summer Neuroscience Workshop May 22-27, 2016 (ONE WEEK)
The University of Missouri-Columbia Colleges of Engineering and Biological Sciences will host a 6-day interdisciplinary workshop
focused on active learning in neuroscience using virtual (software) labs from Sunday- Friday, May 22-27, 2016 on the Columbia
campus. This workshop is targeted to undergraduate faculty (your can also bring one student with expertise in computers/software
during 2015-16) from biological sciences, psychological sciences and engineering and to high school teachers with an interest in
teaching and learning more about neuroscience using software-based instructional modules. The workshop was initiated in 2007 as
part of a National Science Foundation grant to MU to develop undergraduate curriculum in the area of computational neuroscience,
and continues to be offered free beyond the duration of the grant.
In recent years, Computational Neuroscience has developed tools to abstract and generalize principles of neural function using
mathematics. These tools have proven powerful for research in a wide neuroscience spectrum including molecular, cellular, and
systems levels. However, computational methods also provide valuable tools for teaching neuroscience. Several comprehensive, yet
easy to use software packages to model neurons and networks, which can be used in teaching, are available at low costs. Neural
models can be used alone, or together with simple biological experiments to demonstrate basic neurobiological concepts, and give
students hands-on experience, to significantly improve the student's learning experience.
The workshop will introduce one hardware and seven software experiments in the form of ‘virtual labs’ which can be directly
incorporated into existing neurobiology or physiology courses, or used for the development of new courses. The hardware experiment
covered in the workshop can be custom build locally at low cost (all instructions to build it will be provided). Workshop participants
are supplied with ‘ready to use’ electronic versions of all hardware and software experiments, and of all the lectures.
Eligibility & Application process: Faculty at 2-year and 4-year colleges and universities, and high school teachers with interest in
teaching neurobiology are eligible to apply. To apply, just complete the on-line application form at the site -
For further information about the workshop, contact Drs. Satish S. Nair (573-882-2964; firstname.lastname@example.org), David J. Schulz (573-
882-4067; email@example.com), or David Bergin (573-882-1303; firstname.lastname@example.org)
Application Deadline: April 30, 2016. (see following page for additional information about the NSF project)
|Neuro Workshop Flyer Summer 2016.pdf||238.19 KB|