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JPEG or JPG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable trade-off between storage size and image quality. JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible loss in image quality. Since its introduction in 1992, JPEG has been the most widely used image compression standard in the world, and the most widely used digital image format, with several billion JPEG images produced every day as of 2015.


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A mouse is an essential tool that is used to navigate the cursor on the computers’ desktop. There are two types of a mouse, and they include the wired and the wireless mouse.Explanation to each is as explained below;
A wired mouse offers you reliability. Contrary to a wireless mouse, a wired mouse will quite often work by barring any hardware failures. You connect the mouse, it meets expectations, and you’re headed toward the races because no wireless signals are required. Unlike a wireless mouse, a wired mouse doesn’t require batteries to work, since it’s powered by the cable connected to the PC.
Despite the fact that the costs of wireless mice have gone up throughout the years, the truth remains that wired mice are still less expensive.
It used to be that gamers and graphic designers were immovably in the wired mouse because they relied on the zero lag that just a wired mouse could give. Despite the high performance of wired mouse, some wireless mice still do face lag issues when they assume a rest mode to preserve battery life.
Additionally, a wired mouse restricts you by:
The Cable length – you’re limited to the length of your USB cable. You can’t go past the boundaries of that cable, and in the event that it’s too short you may need to wind up moving your whole PC just to make use of your mouse.
Twisted cables – the mouse cable can hinder your exercises that can be particularly problematic for gamers, which makes you pull the USB cable.
Wireless mouse are turning out to be more famous today. Flexibility and convenience are two of the most crucial points of any wireless mouse over wired ones. The fundamental point of interest of wireless mouse is that they can help decrease the cluster of wires around your work zone. This can thus increase your efficiency.
However, wireless mice are more costly than their wired partners.
With a wireless mouse, the range you can make use of the mouse from is bigger in scope than wired ones. This is crucial in case you have an expansive monitor and wish to control your PC from far off.
The flexibility achieved by a cordless mouse is obviously a great point of preference over corded ones.
Without the bother of wires, wireless mice can be effectively stuffed alongside your laptop for more prominent portability. The drawback to this wireless mice is the regularly USB recipient needed for the gadget to work.
Since numerous wireless mice work on batteries, the batteries should be serviced from time to time. Numerous wireless devices have an on/off switch to help moderate some functions. In the event that this is your first wireless mouse, recalling to switch on and off your mouse may take you some time to get used to.
To sum up, the wireless mouse gives plenty of merits over wired ones, particularly if you are a substantial laptop client. The extra expenses attached to buying a wireless mouse are well justified considering the convenience and flexibility it offers.


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Article, May 2012
Thank You Mr. Kilby and Mr. Noyce!
By Bill James,
Editor / Webmaster, Computer Club of Oklahoma City
February 2012 issue, eMonitor
wijames (at) sbcglobal.net
We are seeing dramatic shifts as our planet becomes smarter. These shifts are changing the way the world works. Cities are becoming smarter by transforming traffic systems, water systems, security—every possible form of municipal infrastructure. Business process is evolving across every industry—banking, trading, manufacturing. And we're seeing changes in the way people live, enjoying advancements ranging from reduced congestion and pollution to new ways to communicate and collaborate. Every aspect of life is benefiting from the instrumentation, interconnection and infusion of intelligence into the systems of the world.
Nothing is changing more than information technology: the way it's accessed, the way it's applied, and the way it's architected. The opportunities for innovation have never been greater.
Enterprises in every industry can use breakthroughs in technology to create new business models, find new ways of delivering technology-based services, and generate new insights from IT to fuel innovation and dramatically improve the economics of IT. New technology innovations signal that we are entering a new era of computing—smarter computing—the era of insight for discovery.
"Who invented the computer?" is not a question with a simple answer. The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of computers and that a computer is a complex piece of machinery made up of many parts, each of which can be considered a separate invention.
But it is no question how computers have changed our personal lives in the last 30 years. I was in grade school during the days of the ‘Big Chief’ tablet and a No. 2 pencil. I also had a metal quill pen and ink bottle. It was not until I was in the 4th grade that I saw and used a ballpoint pen. Handheld calculators were unknown and manual typewriters were still being used well after I left college in the late 60’s.
My first exposure to the so-called PC was in 1980 when one was placed in my office. Prior to the introduction to computers into offices, they were only found in huge air conditioned rooms. They computed in batch cycles which took hours, nothing was instantaneous.
Who knew that one day computers would find their way into our homes, our cars and our pockets and that we would have any request for information instantly.
I do not believe any single object has been so pervasive into our daily lives. To many the computer is a blessing and to others it is a curse. Who knew that you could own a 40,000 book library the size of one book or you could call anyone around the world with the punch of a button. Who know that the Internet would allow access to entertainment, communicate and share information with your family and friends? We can do shopping, banking and bill payment from the comfort of our homes.
As with other appliances, computers have allowed us to evolve. Refrigeration allowed us to shop less; television gave us a window to the world and microwaves allowed us to prepare foods faster. These are just a few of devices that depend on a computer to function.
In the old days computers were big machines full of electron tubes. As technology progressed, the advent of transistors reduced the size of the machines. I also grow up in a time where radios were large boxes and not portable. The invention of transistors allowed the making of a smaller radio. As transistors were introduced into computers it allowed computers to become smaller. Often these may have been what would be referred to as hybrid devices - a mix of tubes and transistors. It was not until the invention of the Integrated circuit do we begin to see miniaturization of the devices we use today. Some circuits can fit on the head of a pin.
Today the smallest laptop computers have more computing power than computers of yesteryear. To quote the CEO of IBM Sam Palmisano - As our planet becomes instrumented, interconnected and intelligent, the computing model is evolving to support it."
So who are Jack and Robert?
Jack Kilby, an engineer with a background in ceramic-based silk screen circuit boards and transistor-based hearing aids, started working for Texas Instruments in 1958. A year earlier, research engineer Robert Noyce had co-founded the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation. From 1958 to 1959, both electrical engineers were working on an answer to the same dilemma: how to make more of less. And they did succeed.Click here to return to top


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Towards Scientific and Technological Advancements inmodern human history, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has achieved a profound position in the world of Arts, Science, and Technology. Rexsy has been involvedin AI Systems Design and Development since the 80's, thus,various AI discussions are presentedhere for understandings and knowledge acquisitions.
<> REXSY UNIVERSAL COSMIC MUSIC <>
Einstein, Zadeh, Newton, Neils Bohr,
Darwin, Da Vinci, Simon Haykin,
Galileo, Planck, Kurzweil, Kagen Atkinson,
Carl Sagan, Lennart Ljung, Tesla, Maxwell, Faraday,
Benjamin Franklin, Stephen Hawking, Edison, Descartes!
Today, AI can be found in the world of Scientific ResearchandEngineering in Advanced Stochastic Adaptive Signal/Image Processing,NeuralFuzzy Adaptive Systems, Ontology & Expert Systems, Pattern Recognition, Robotic/Computer Vision, Data Mining, Knowledge Discovery, Algorithms Development, Financial Analytics Engineering, Biometrics Security System Design, Adaptive IntelligentControls, RF Communications, Radars, Avionics, Multi-Agent Complex Adaptive Systems, Evolutionary Systems, and Defense Systems Engineering.
On World Applications, Rexsy has beeninvolved withthe following technologies:
As a Scientist & Engineering Consultant Expert, Rexsy has been involoved in the following AI projects:
Design and Development of Advanced Evolutionary Multi-Agent Expert Systems (AEXSYS) based on Adaptive Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Networks, State Space Innovations Models, Multi-variable Nonlinear Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMAX) Systems, Advanced Pattern Recognition Theory, Ontological Expert Systems, and Generalized Hybrid AI System Architectures (Series/Series, Series/Parallel, etc.). These AEXSYS Systems possess both Fuzzy Knowledge-Based and Computational Intelligence evolving through time towards optimal endeavors.
Latest Project involved Design & Development of REXSY Universal System (REXSYS), which is the Fusion and Integration of Advanced Complex Adaptive MultiAgent Ontological Expert Systems ACXSYS, ACXSYS.mix, ACXSYS.vsm, ACXSYS.nlp, ACXSYS.quantum, and ACXSYS.hybrid, in both Classical, Quantum, and hybrid Classical/Quantum computing environments, for both centralized Web-based and decentralized Blockchain applications. This is the universal Rexsys Quantum AI Systems (REXSYS).
Recent projects included design and development of Web Data Detection, Extraction, and Mining for Business application, based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. The novel approach used Vision-based AI techniques for detecting, extracting, and processing Data of interest in noisy stochastic environment. Also, Designed and Developed Advanced Relevant Data/Documents Search Systems based on the Evolutionary Vector Space Model (EVSM), Genetic Latent Semantic Analysis (GLSA), Neural Genetic Boolean Search (NGBS), K-means & Fuzzy C-means Clustering, and Neural Pattern Recognition/Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Algorithms. These systems showed great optimal performances, from integration of both Numerical/Digital and Linguistic Information Dynamics, and unification of both Computational and Knowledge-based intelligence. Ultimately, integration of the EVSM, GLSA, and NGBS constituted an extremely powerful Search System on the Internet World of Information.
For applications on Internet high-speed Data Transmission, participated in the Design and Development of Optimal Reference Web-Page/Document Compression based on the Vector Space Model (VSM) and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). Furthermore, Advanced versions of the above Systems were designed based on Users Predictive Patterns, which generated Optimal Reference Pages ahead of time for highly efficient Data Compression.
With respect to University Enrollment Management and Controls, Developed and Designed the Predictive Analytics Expert Systems, which utilized Neural Fuzzy Architecture for Students Predictve Enrollment Patterns, and with such Prediction Data available, the University Management would be able to effectively design Controls Strategies for Optimal Enrollments.
Designand Development ofthe Advanced Complex Adaptive MultiAgent Ontological Expert System (ACXSYS), which consisted of various groups of Intelligent Agents working and performing complex tasking/functions in parallel to achieve the final goals/endeavors. Responsibilities of the Agents included Massive Data Filtering/Mining, Clustering/Segmentation, Spectral Estimation, Blind Signals Separation/Deconvolution, Pattern Detection/Recognition, Future Events Prediction, Information Tracking, Expert Knowledge Mining/Discovery, Intelligent Decision Support, and Complex Adaptive Transactions. The technologies and systems architectures embedded in these Agents included the Evolutionary Fuzzy Neural Expert Systems, Genetic Neural Pattern Recognition, Fuzzy Learning Vector Quantization & C-means Clustering, Stochastic State Space Predictions, and Complex Adaptive Systems Theory. Also, Advanced Biometrics Pattern Segmentation, Detection, Tracking, and Recognition techniques were applied to the Intelligent Multi-Dimensional Adaptive Mining/Discovery process on Time-Series/Image data, as well as Stochastic Evolutionary Complex Adaptive Controls Expert Systems on Multi-Agents Optimizations and Controls.
Collaborated with high-tech companies on Research, Design, and Development of cutting-edge Technologies, and Solutions/Systems, and wrote world-class STTR/SBIR proposals for winning innovation research projects. Some of these projects included the architectural design of Multi-Agent Expert System for optimal performance of advanced Telerobotics Surgery with Multiseneory/Multimodal Interface. Another project involved Design and Development of the Multi-Agent Multi-Target Tracking System for immersive Virtual Reality (VR) environment for infantry battle training. With respect to Adaptive Flight Controls, Designed Intelligent Multi-Agent Flight Control Systems for effectively and robustly autonomous controls of UAVs with missions in challenging environmental /weather conditions.
Design ofthe OBX, which involveed Integrated fusion of Ontology and Advanced Data Mining System, with adaptive feedback capabilities for real-time Learning, Communications, and Controls. For the OBX, developed the Multi-Agent Complex Adaptive System Architecture, where the OBX was embedded in the agents intelligence and knowledge structure. In general, the key advantages of the OBX were the fusion power of both Computational Intelligence and Semantic knowledge-based Ontological Intelligence, on-line Self-Learning capabilities based on the closed-loop feedback structure, and the powerful Complex Adaptive System Architecture. The OBX, based onWordly Applications, successfully demonstrated its powerful capabilities.
Building an Ontology-based Federated Dynamic Data Distribution System. For the project, developed an overall system architecture based on the Multi-Agent System (MAS) structure, where the Agents consisted of an Ontology (O), Query Federator QF), Data Mining (DM), and Hierarchical Storage Management (HSM) subsystems. These Agents worked in concert under the management of an Intelligent Ontology Expert System for optimal dynamic data distribution. The Data Mining utilized technologies including Genetic Fuzzy Clustering, Neural Pattern Recognition, System Identification & Modeling, Hidden Markov Models, Support Vector Machines, Kernel Systems, and Evolutionary Systems theory. The Ontology integrated both Knowledge (Rules) and Computational Intelligence, and adaptively updated its structure online under the changing environmental dynamics. Also worked on the conceptualization of adaptive intelligent Ontology architectures, including the Evolutionary Neural Fuzzy Ontology System associated with the Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) theory.
Anotherproject included application of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) in missile defense environment, where the agents (Trackers, Predictors, Discriminators, Interceptors, Controllers, Pattern Recognizers, Data Miners, etc.) interacted cooperatively to achieve overall system goals, through a communications/controls network mastered by an Expert System, where Evolutionary Algorithm architecturally took part of the overall controls, coordination, negotiation, and optimization. The co-evolution, fusion, and cooperation of the MAS and evolutionary Expert System lead to the development of the Multi-Agent Expert System (MAXSYS). The MAXSYS was applied to Radar Target Tracking, Prediction, Navigation, Guidance, Controls, and Interception, where the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM)/Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) agents were employed, and the simulation was developed for defense environments. In parallel with the Evolutionary Algorithm/System mentioned above, the Adaptive Evolutionary Annealing Simplex System was under consideration for incorporation into the MAXSYS.
Recently involved in the Research, Design and Development of the most advanced Radar Systems using Phased Array Antennas, which required elengantly sophisticated Adaptive Processing Algorithms for Objects location detection and tracking, and based on Advanced AI theories for the design of the Stochastic Neural Fuzzy System. The system, with parallel architecture, intelligently and adaptively processed Radar data in real time including fast training for updating its knowledge while optimizing the multi-objective fitness function for unknown multi-variables estimation, under extremely noisy environment. Also, a Stochastic Genetic Kalman System was designed and developed to support and enhance the Radar data processing capabilities upon achieving optimal performance.
For a defense project,performed research, development and design of advanced detection, tracking, and identification of objects using Cellular Neural Networks (CNN) as the front-end processor, which was interfaced with other Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) modules including the Extended Kalman Tracking, Neural Fuzzy pattern Recognition, Adaptive Multi-Spectral Estimation, Signal/Noise Cancellation, Evolutionary Genetic Optimization, and Object Detection Systems. Also, designed algorithms directly with the CNN as a main central processor for various applications in Adaptive Equalization, System Identification, Noise Modeling, Interference Cancellation, Adaptive Filtering, and Pattern Recognition.
Performed studies and analysis on Radar Tracking Systems. Designed the EKF-based (Extended Kalman Filter) Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) tracking filter, which involved investigation of the state space dynamical models, formulation of models transformation and mixing, implementation of the IMM algorithm, and design of the Matlab simulation system. Also conducted research and development of interacting multiple model (IMM) Radar Tracking Systems based on Neural Extended Kalman Filtering (NEKF) architecture. Various NEKFs were explored to adaptively model system nonlinear time-varying characteristics, which included the combined and coupled state/weights system identification, dual EKF optimization algorithm for separated states and weights estimation, NEKF based on state space innovations models, and advanced neural optimization of the state space target tracking models.
For a SBIR project, designed an Advanced Evolutionary Algorithm for radar/sensor resources scheduling and management system for applications in Missile Defense. The development process included designing the encoding system based on symbolic mathematical expressions with a multi-objective fitness function. This system showed optimal performance in achieving the design objectives with fast convergence speed, and applicable to real-time implementation.
Researched, Developed, and Designed Advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems for applications in Security, Surveillance, Intelligence, Human Detection & Identification, Biometric Systems, Interactive Multimedia Data Processing, Automated Video Indexing, AI Video Compression, Robotic Vision, Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining, Communications, and Controls. Responsibilities included designing Smart Machine Vision, Audio-Visual Classification, Object Segmentation, Detection, Identification, Tracking, Recognition, and Expert Control Systems, based on Neural Networks Theory, Adaptive Fuzzy Clustering, Genetic Algorithmic Optimization, Principal and Independent Component Analysis (PCA & ICA), Multivariable Nonlinear Adaptive Signal Processing, Genetic Fuzzy Neural System Architecture, Time & Space Multi-dimensional Signal Processing, Stochastic Adaptive Evolutionary Systems, and AI Expert Systems Theory.
Developed A Generalized Stochastic Adaptive Pattern Recognition Expert System, which was based on Adaptive Signal Processing, Parametric Estimation, Data Prediction, Kalman Filtering, System Identification Theory, Object Detection & Tracking, Nonlinear Adaptive PCA & ICA, Fuzzy C-Means & Learning Vector Quantization, Feature Extraction Systems, Adaptive Nonlinear Evolutionary Feedback Controls, Recurrent Neural Fuzzy Systems, Probabilistic & Generalized Regression Radial Basis Networks, Statistical Data Processing, and Adaptive Expert Systems Theory. In addition, the system employed robust adaptive techniques such as the Stochastic Gradient, Newton, Minimum Variance, and Evolutionary Algorithms for System Optimization and Nonlinear Feedback Controls.
Researched, designed, and developed Telecommunication Systems including Modems V.17, V.22, V.27, V.29, V.32, V.34, and V.90. Responsibilities included advanced modeling of the above Communication Systems based on Matlab/Simulink as reference against the assembly code in the design and development process. In parallel with systems modeling, performed advanced algorithms analysis and optimization, modified DSP software, and organized existing software into the General Unified System Architecture. With respect to algorithms engineering, conducted research and analysis on Communication System Modulation, Demodulation, Convolutional Coding, Optimal Viterbi Decoding, Adaptive Equalization, Jitter Tracking and Carrier Phase Recovery Algorithm, Adaptive Timing Recovery System, and Echo Cancellation. Additionally, performed Stochastic Signal Processing, Advanced Detection & Estimation, Kalman Filtering, and Artificial Intelligence Designs in Communication Systems. Also, developed Matlab/Simulink library of systems models for the V.xx modems (above) and other signal processing modules.
Worked onadvanced Geophysical data processing projects in both R&D and production environments. Projects under management included the Electromagnetic, and Gravity Airborne Systems modeling, simulation, design, and development. As part of responsibilities, directed research on the Genetic Neural Fuzzy Expert System for multi-dimensional pattern recognition which involved symbolic/subsymbolic data processing approaches. Additionally, some of the advanced technologies employed in various technical projects included the unsupervised blind deconvolution, separation, estimation, system identification, and pattern recognition. These technologies were based on the independent component analysis (ICA ), principal component analysis (PCA), and fuzzy neural adaptive systems theory.
Performed research, design, and development of digital signal processing systems for applications in Geophysics. Projects included developing advanced DSP algorithms for adaptive spectral estimation, signal modeling, adaptive noise cancellation, system identification, and adaptive filtering for processing exploration data. These advanced algorithms were based on the stochastic system identification and prediction theory, adaptive neural networks, and fuzzy inference systems. For these applications, signal and system model development included the multivariable MA, ARX, ARMAX, general linear, state space innovations, and neural fuzzy architectures. Also, for estimating and training these models, the minimum variance, stochastic gradient, Newton Optimization, and genetic algorithms were among some of the optimization methods used in the design process. The above tasks were performed interactively in both time and frequency domains.
Designed and developed advanced signal processing and control algorithms for World Financial Systems. Theories based on Expert Systems, Stochastic Processes, Fuzzy Controls, Neural Signal Processing, and Genetic Algorithms were employed in real-time processing of financial data upon optimizing investment strategies. Systems design included Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Signal Prediction, Stochastic Spectral Estimation, Time-Frequency Signal Analysis, Adaptive Blind Separation and Deconvolution, Cycles Analysis, Multivariable Filtering Systems, Pattern Recognition, and Stochastic Principal Component Analysis. The above System Design possessed a generalized architecture which could be utilized in various applications in Engineering, Geophysics, Defense, and Science. Multivariable inputs to the system included world market indexes, analyzed stock prices, bond yields, interest rates, commodity prices, and global intermarket data. System sampling rates may vary from minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, and quarters, to years of historical dynamics.
Designed and developed control strategies for water treatment systems. Projects included design of Expert Systems in parallel with Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic for controlling nonlinear time varying processes; various control and signal processing modules were developed and linked to the Expert System including system identification, digital controls (PID, Logic, Adaptive, etc.), statistical signal processing, mathematical optimization, and failure detection algorithms. In the analysis and design process, responsibilities also required systems modeling, simulation, and optimization for achieving the best system design. Works were performed on the VAX/VMS (Supervisory Control using Plant Information (PI) system), ABB-MOD300 (Distributed Control System), and PCs (systems simulation and PLC programming). In parallel with controls engineering, also performed digital signal processing tasks including stochastic signal analysis, estimation, and prediction to complement control strategies. Also, organized and coordinated technical training courses and seminars for the Controls System Department at the plant.
Please contact Rexsy if you need Engineering Consulting on AI Systems Research, Design & Development.


For those who have long been debating the merits of electric cars, one of the most talked-about issues revolves around the price tag. Although electric cars have become very popular over the last few years, they still can be expensive to purchase. The problem with electric cars is not the cost per kilowatt-hour, but rather the cost per mile. Most electric cars will only cost you about ten cents per mile to drive, which may not be worth your while.
One of the reasons why electric cars are so expensive is because they do not improve air quality. An electric car, also known as electric vehicles (EV), is a car that utilizes one or more electric motors for propulsion rather than a conventional gasoline engine. In contrast to traditional vehicles, electric vehicles do not release any greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. While some environmentalists applaud the advances made in technology that help collect and divert exhaust fumes, they point out that technology will not be able to continue forever.
Electric cars are also notorious for not charging quickly. As previously mentioned, the technology will eventually allow electric cars to charge very quickly. Unfortunately, the first wave of electric cars did not come to the consumer market until after the turn of the millennium. Since then, new models have come to the market almost every year. Even the latest model from the manufacturer, the Ford Motor Company has had trouble keeping its battery charger in stock!
It is difficult to determine how long it will be before electric cars catch on. The biggest reason for this is the slow growth of battery technology. Some carmakers have already released a series of electric cars, but they are relatively new compared to brand-new models from manufacturers like Toyota and BMW. Many experts expect that we will see an end of battery-powered cars by the end of 2020, or possibly even earlier. The increasing price of gasoline will make it impractical for most consumers to buy one, despite early consumer success.
One of the challenges facing electric cars and their makers is developing an EV that can support the ever-growing demand for “plug-in hybrids” or electric vehicles (EVs). Plug-in hybrids have a battery that can be plugged into the vehicle’s main power source, which in turn charges the battery. The advantage is that the vehicle uses its own power source even when it is running, greatly reducing fuel consumption. Unfortunately, however, the cost of EVs has been very high, causing many buyers to delay purchasing them.
Currently, the electric cars of the future will feature something called “range extender” technology. This technology allows the vehicle to “extend” its battery power when it is running low, by using energy from the onboard motor. In effect, the electric cars run on part electric, and a portion of their power supplied by the motor. The motor in these vehicles will also be smaller than those used in plug-in hybrids, potentially saving as much as thirty per cent of fuel.
Concerns about autonomous driving and the “umbrella” of issues surrounding human drivers being in control of the vehicles have also slowed the adoption of electric cars. Many automobile manufacturers are concerned that with the autonomous capability, autonomous driving could spell disaster for the manufacturer as well as the overall automotive industry. Automakers worry that if autonomous driving becomes widespread, people might sue them, forcing the industry to deal with a multitude of lawsuits related to self-driving vehicles.
Manufacturers of both gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles are concerned that electric cars will reduce their revenues. Diesel carmakers have had trouble transitioning to electric cars because of high costs associated with batteries and charging systems. Automakers have also had to invest heavily in costly infrastructure to support the continued use of diesel. Given the relatively high cost of batteries for electric cars, the carmakers are doubtful that they will be able to make a return on the investment made in recent years.


LABEL ITALY is an Italian company that now produces professional antennas and accessories for telecommunications and broadcasting. Founded in the 1970s, the company is headquartered in Modena, Italy. Starting from the 90s LABEL ITALY began to produce antennas and accessories for radio – television and for telecommunications in general and already at the end of the 90s LABEL ITALY began to export its products all over the world and today the company serves customers in more than 140 countries. LABEL ITALY is a company appreciated in the telecommunications and broadcasting sectors. We have been manufacturing professional antennas and accessories entirely in Italy for over 25 years and our products are known for their high quality and reliability.
Here are some of the reasons why LABEL ITALY is known for its excellent products in the telecommunications and broadcasting sectors:
LABEL ITALY is a trusted supplier of telecommunications and broadcasting equipment to customers around the world. Our products are known for their high quality, reliability, and innovation. LABEL ITALY is a valuable asset to the telecommunications and broadcasting industries. We are a trusted supplier of high-quality antennas and accessories, and they play a key role in helping their customers to achieve their goals.
By using software to create a model of a radiant system and then simulating its performance we can help customers to:
Optimize the design of their system to achieve the desired coverage and performance.
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Our service is particularly useful for complex radiant systems. By using software to simulate the performance of these systems, we can help customers to identify and resolve potential problems before they impact real-world operations. Overall, our service is a valuable asset to the telecommunications and broadcasting industries then helps customers to design, deploy, and troubleshoot radiant systems more effectively and efficiently.


GoGrid, a leading cloud infrastructure company, today announced that a GoGrid Server Image with IBM® DB2™ database software is now available to help independent software vendors (ISVs) build DB2 powered applications on the cloud in minutes.
GoGrid, a leading cloud infrastructure company, today announced the introduction of CloudLink, a fast, dedicated private line that offers a more secure option for connectivity across GoGrid's data centers. With CloudLink, customers no longer need to worry about sending critical traffic over public lines that lack security and can impact performance. Combining cost-efficient access with a true private line, CloudLink is an ideal solution for corporate environments that require disaster recovery and data replication.
GoGrid, a leading cloud infrastructure company, today at MSPWorld in Austin, TX, introduced a referral program designed to provide organizations with the essential tools necessary to understand, enter, and grow their cloud businesses.
GoGrid, a leading cloud infrastructure company, announced today that its cloud infrastructure services have received the highest ranking value score in Info-Tech Research Group's recent report titled, "Vendor Landscape: Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)".
GoGrid, a leading cloud infrastructure company, announced today that Wild Bamboo Rocket, a consulting firm that specializes in rapidly delivering web apps and websites for Internet startups, is leveraging GoGrid's state-of-the-art cloud infrastructure, excellent support and industry-leading Service Level Agreements (SLAs) to meet their end customers' development needs at a lower cost and with faster results.
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The presence of mobile devices in the workplace has changed how employees operate, driving the death of the PC era and supporting the dawn of cloud computing.Read more
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This page provides information related to MISO's coordination with distribution interconnection standard IEEE 1547-2018.
IEEE Std 1547-2018 (abbreviated IEEE 1547) is a newly published standard for distributed energy resources (DERs) interconnection and interoperability requirements. It is a technology-neutral, voluntary IEEE standard that has been highly vetted by a large group of stakeholders with the aim to harmonize technical interconnection performance capability requirements and functional specifications for the growing installations of distributed generation and energy storage systems IEEE, https://standards.ieee.org/findstds/standard/1547-2018.html.
In 2018, IEEE 1547 added new requirements regarding voltage and frequency ride-through capability, to help the reliability of the Transmission system. It includes provisions for coordination with Reliability Coordinators, which is MISO in the MISO region. MISO would like to coordinate with the distribution utilities and experts to provide a regional preferred choice of performance category and setting selection.
MISO Guideline for IEEE Std 1547
April 23 MISO IEEE 1547 Workshop Report
EPRI IEEE 1547 Training Module 1 – Overview
EPRI IEEE 1547 Training Module 2 – DER Ride-through Performance Categories and Trip Settings
EPRI IEEE 1547 Training Module 3 – T+D Coordination for DER Ride-Through and Trip Requirements
MISO internal workshops
Internal workshops to digest and discuss IEEE 1547-2018
Late June – August 2018
|Stakeholder workshop prep||
|October 2018 – March 2019|
|Stakeholder online training and pre-test||Pre-training and test required to register for the workshop||December 2018 – March 2019|
|Stakeholder workshop||Facilitated by MISO and EPRI||
8:00 AM April 23, 2019 - 12:00 PM April 24, 2019
|Reach stakeholder consensus of IEEE 1547 adoption||IEEE 1547 gives options to requirements adoption. This is to achieve a 'preferred' option in the MISO region.||August 2019|
|Publish draft MISO region guideline of IEEE 1547||September 2019|
|Publish MISO region guideline of IEEE 1547||November 2019|


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Every sensor features its own specification over a particular Temperature range. Now, it really is on the user, who will think that what sort of sensor is most effective for his/her application.
Selecting sensor depends on a variety of specifications viz: Application, Tolerance, Accuracy and out of your most temperature ranges.
Now to be honest to differentiate between different type of sensor which can include temperature range, tolerance, accuracy, interchangeability and relative strengths and weakness for every single type of sensor.
RTD’S consist of a sensing element which can be an electric resistor that changes resistance with temperature. This modification in resistance is well understood and it is repeatable. The sensing aspect in an RTD usually contains either a coil of wire, or perhaps a grid of conductive film that features a conductor pattern cut with it. Extension wires are affixed to the sensing element so it’s electrical resistance can be measured from some distance away. The sensing element will then be packaged so it could be placed right into a position in the process where it will make it to the same temperature that exists along the way.
Thermocouples, on the other hand, contain two electrical conductors made from different materials that are connected at one end. The end of the conductors that will be exposed to the method temperature is called the measurement junction. The point in which the k type temperature sensor end (usually the location where the conductors connect with the measurement device) is known as the reference junction If the measurement and reference junctions of a thermocouple are at different temperatures, a millivolt potential is formed throughout the conductors.
Knowing the kind of thermocouple used, the magnitude in the millivolt potential inside the thermocouple, along with the temperature in the reference junction allows the consumer to ascertain the temperature with the measurement junction.
The millivolt potential that may be created within the thermocouple conductors differs dependant upon the materials used. Some materials make better thermocouples than other since the millivolt potentials produced by these materials are more repeatable and well-established. These thermocouples happen to be given specific type designations such as Type E, J, K, N, T, B, R and S.
The materials employed in RTD’s and thermocouples have temperature limitations that may be an important consideration in their use.
As mentioned earlier, and RTD consists of a sensing element, wires for connecting the sensing element to the measurement instrument and some form of support to position the sensing element during this process. Each of these materials sets limits on the temperature the RTD may be open to.
The sensing aspect in an RTD usually includes a platinum wire or film, a ceramic housing and ceramic cement or glass to seal the sensing element and secure the element wire. Typically, platinum sensing elements have the ability to be in contact with temperatures as much as approximately 650°C. Other materials for example Nickel, Copper and Nickel/Iron alloy could also be used, however, their useful temperature ranges are a great deal less than for platinum. The wires which connect the sensing element on the readout or control instrumentation are usually made of 09devmpky for example nickel, nickel alloys, tined copper, silver plated copper or nickel plated copper. The wire insulation used also directly influences the temperature the RTD can be open to. Table has got the widely used wire and insulation materials in addition to their maximum usage temperatures.
Thermocouple materials can be purchased in Types E, J, K, N, T, R, S and B. These thermocouple types may be separated into two categories: Base Metal and Noble Metal thermocouples.
Type E, J. K, N and T thermocouples are classified as Base Metal Thermocouples as they are created from common materials for example copper, nickel, aluminum, iron, chromium and silicon. Each thermocouple type has preferred usage conditions, for instance the use of bare Type J thermocouples (Iron/Constantan) are generally confined to a maximum temperature of 540°C and so are not suggested for usage in oxidizing or sulfurous atmospheres due to deterioration from the Iron conductor. Bare Type T thermocouples (Copper/Constantan) usually are not used above 370°C because of deterioration from the copper conductor. Temperature ranges for these thermocouple types are incorporated into Table 3.
Type R, S and B thermocouples are called Noble Metal Thermocouples because they are made of Platinum and Rhodium. These thermocouples are being used in applications that exceed the capabilities of Base Metal Thermocouples. Type R and S thermocouples are rated for use at temperatures between 540°C and 1480°C, with Type B rated for use from 540°C to 1700°C. When lasting exposure at temperatures above 13700°C is anticipated, it is actually prudent to specify Type B thermocouples for improved thermocouple life. Type R & S thermocouples may feel significant grain growth if held near their upper use limit for very long amounts of time.
Since Thermocouples do not have sensing elements, they do not have a lot of the temperature limiting materials that RTD’s do. Thermocouples are generally constructed using bare conductors which are then insulated within a compacted ceramic compacted ceramic powder or formed ceramic insulators, This construction allows thermocouples to be used at greater temperatures than RTD’s.
Tolerance and Accuracy would be the most misunderstood terms in temperature measurement.
The expression tolerance identifies a particular requirement, which is usually plus, or minus some amount. Accuracy on the other hand identifies an infinite variety of tolerances spanning a specified range.
By way of example, RTD’s have a sensing element, that is manufactured to experience a specific electrical resistance with a specific temperature. The most typical instance of this requirement is what’s called the DIN standard. To meet the requirements of your DIN standard, an RTD should have a resistance of 100 Ohms ±0.12 % (or .12 Ohms) at 0°C that need considering a Grade B sensor (a Grade A sensor is 100 Ohms ±0.06%. The tolerance of ±0.12 Ohms applies simply to the resistance at 32°C and can not be used on some other temperature. Many suppliers can provide an interchangeability table for RTD’s, which offer the person having a table of tolerances at specific temperatures.
Thermocouples on the flip side are specified differently than RTD’s as they are manufactured differently. Unlike the sensing element seen in RTD’s, the mV potential generated in the thermocouple can be a function of the information composition along with the metallurgical structure in the conductors. Therefore, thermocouples are certainly not assigned a value in a specific temperature, but given limits of error, which cover a whole temperature range.
These limits assigned to thermocouples are classified as standard or special limits of error.
Table 3 provides the standard and special limits of error specifications for each and every standard thermocouple type. It must be noted the limits of error values placed in Table 3 are for new thermocouples, prior to use. Once thermocouples are open to process conditions, changes in the thermocouple conductors may lead to increased errors.
RTD’s are normally employed in applications where repeatability and accuracy are essential considerations. Properly constructed Platinum RTD’s have very repeatable resistance vs. temperature characteristics over time. If your process will be run with a specific temperature, the precise resistance in the RTD at that temperature could be determined inside the laboratory and will also not vary significantly with time. RTD’s also enable easier interchangeability since their original variation is quite a bit lower compared to thermocouples. By way of example, a Type K thermocouple used at 400°C features a standard limit of error of ±4°C. A 100-Ohm DIN, Grade B platinum RTD has an interchangeability of ±2.2°C around this same temperature. RTD’s can also be combined with standard instrumentation cable for link to display or control equipment where thermocouples need to have matching thermocouple wire to have an exact measurement.
In the same configuration, you will probably pay from 2 to 4 times more on an RTD than for the base metal thermocouple. RTD’s are more expensive than thermocouples as there is more construction required to create the RTD including creation of the sensing element, the hooking up of extension wires and assembly of the sensor. RTD’s do not do and also thermocouples in high vibration and mechanical shock environments because of the construction in the sensing element. RTD’s can also be limited in temperature to approximately 650°C where thermocouples can be used high as 1700°C.
Thermocouples enables you to temperatures as much as 1700°C, generally are less expensive than RTD’s and they are often made smaller in proportions (to approximately .020” dia) to allow for faster response to temperature. Thermocouples will also be stronger than RTD’s and will therefore be utilized in high vibration and shock applications.
Thermocouples are less stable than RTD’s when in contact with moderate or high temperature conditions. In critical applications, thermocouples ought to be removed and tested under controlled conditions so that you can verify performance. Thermocouple extension wire must be used in hooking up https://www.usheat.com/Thermocouple to thermocouple instrument or control equipment. Usage of instrumentation wire (plated copper) will lead to errors when ambient temperatures change.


Journal of Formalized Mathematics
Volume 11, 1999
University of Bialystok
Copyright (c) 1999
Association of Mizar Users
Logic Gates and Logical Equivalence of Adders
Shinshu University, Nagano
This is an experimental article which shows that
logical correctness of logic circuits can be easily proven by
the Mizar system. First, we define the notion of logic gates.
Then we prove that an MSB carry of `4 Bit Carry Skip Adder'
is equivalent to an MSB carry of a normal 4 bit adder.
In the last theorem, we show that outputs of the `4 Bit Carry Look
Ahead Adder' are equivalent to the corresponding outputs of the normal
4 bits adder.
The policy here is as follows: when the functional (semantic)
a system is already proven, and the correspondence of the system to a
(normal) logic circuit is given, it is enough to prove the correctness of
circuit if we only prove the logical equivalence between them.
Although the article is very fundamental (it contains
few environment files), it can be applied to real problems.
The key of the method introduced here is to put the specification
of the logic circuit into the Mizar propositional formulae, and to use
the strong inference ability of the Mizar checker. The proof is done
formally so that the automation of the proof writing is possible.
Even in the 5.3.07 version of Mizar, it can handle a formulae of
more than 100 lines, and a formula which contains more than 100 variables.
This means that the Mizar system is enough to prove logical correctness of
middle scaled logic circuits.
Definition of Logical Values and Logic Gates
Logical Equivalence of 4 Bits Adders
Received February 4, 1999
Download a postscript version,
MML identifier index,
Mizar home page]


Computer Chip Industry Urethane Molded Parts
Urethane molded parts manufactured for the computer chip industry are now used for vacuum chucks to pick up and transport silicon wafers during the production of computer chips, which shows its versatility.
The computer chip industry has experienced tremendous change over the years, and it is expected to reach even higher in market value in the future, with the computer chips being able to process data 1,000 times faster than existing chips. Computer chips are not just used only on mobile phones but also in central air conditioners, HD television sets, washing machines etc. There are numerous reasons why urethane molded parts are utilized in the computer chip industry, some of the reasons include, its strength, elasticity, solvent resistance, and its ability to minimize noise levels.
Looking for the best computer chip urethane molded parts? Plan Tech offers a variety of urethane custom-made molded parts paying attention to the specifications, design, and uniqueness of our clients. We manufacture various types of computer chips such as the CPU chip or microprocessors, magnetic computer chip, and memory chips also known as RAM CHIPS which is used in storing data. You do not have to worry about spending a fortune, with our budgeting process and large quantity discounts, Plan Tech engineering and technical staff will manufacture exactly what you need.


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The Acer Predator G3-710 has funneled a tremendous amount of power into a portable chassis that users can easily grab on the go. A full-sized NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 graphics card and a 6th Generation Intel Core i7-6700 processor reside behind the Predator's tough, armor-covered exterior. From its 1 TB hard drive and 16 GB of RAM to its secondary 128 GB solid state drive, the serious gamers in your friend group will greatly admire this state-of-the-art model. Processor: 3 GHz 8032 USB 3.0 Ports: 6 USB 2.0 Ports: 2 RAM: 16 GB DDR4 Graphics Coprocessor: geforce gtx Operating System: Windows 10 Product Dimensions: 20.1 x 16.1 x 7.1 in.
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* This is a rental-purchase agreement and no ownership rights are acquired until total amount is paid or early buyout is exercised. Products advertised are new. Total cost does not include sales tax and other charges (such as late charges) that you may incur. Example: $17.99 x 104 weeks = $1870.96 PLUS TAX. See the full cost of ownership below.
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Quintessential Innovation (Quin Design)
Quintessential Design (you can call us Quin) is looking for an outstanding Android Developer to join the dynamic Quin team. As an Android Developer at Quin, you will have the opportunity to work on different parts of the App Development process.
We’re a passionate team dedicated to Essential Safety who are building products that help transform people’s lives. Android developers at Quin have the freedom to work on multiple app platforms. We’re looking for people who are excited about safety and technology, and how these together can make a difference in people’s everyday lives.
The Android Developer at Quin is a software enthusiast, loves to make smart applications and is willing to extend his/her knowledge to multiple platforms and services.
WHAT YOU’LL DO
– Design and develop new product features in our products
– Write and optimize the client apps for Android that can utilize all the internal hardware – and services
– Quickly prototype for our new ideas, technologies and designs.
– Develop and integrate the front end to the apps
– Collaborate with our Embedded Engineers and create fully integrated products
WHAT YOU ARE
– Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Computer Engineering, or comparable skill
– Proven strong App development and software architecture skills
– Can Quickly prototype ideas, get things done and have the ability to figure out the requirements. – Good understanding of JAVA, Kotlin and Android apps
– Can do the programming for processing, algorithm integration and optimization
– Can write and design logic for App working and scenarios
– Good understanding of Bluetooth, BLE and other communication protocols
– Can integrate apps with external devices, Internal hardware and other communication services.
Mobile Application Development, Software Architecture, Strategic Thinking, Android Development, Android Studio, Problem Solving, Front-end Development, Multi-tasking, Kotlin, XML, MVP, Gitlab, Custom components, Retrofit, Bluetooth, BLE, Location Tracking, Activity Recognition API.


The 2012 Nobel Prize for physics was awarded Tuesday to two scientists for work related to quantum systems. Serge Haroche, a French man, and David J. Wineland, an American, received the award "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring & manipulation of individual quantum systems," the Nobel Prize committee announced Tuesday.
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OVNS Brick Pod System Starter Kit Vape – 0.5ml (250mAh)
The OVNS Brick Pod System is super compact, lightweight & portable vape pen for oil concentrates and high nicotine e-liquids including nic salts. Never worry about having to carry a spare charger with you either as this whole unit plugs straight into any USB port.
This pod system has a 15 second pre-heating mode so you won’t have to mash the button to get it up to temp. Plus, choose from three different voltage settings for a fully customizable vaping experience. With it’s unique side air flow the OVNS Brick is virtually leak proof.
- Very small and light weight
- E-liquid capacity: 0.5ml
- Ceramic (cCell) coil refillable pods
- Side airflow holes to prevent leaking
- 250mAh battery capacity
- LED indicators; showing real time battery life and voltage
- White flashes = 2.7V output
- White & red flashes = 3.1V output
- Red flashes = 3.6V output.
- LED light flashes 15 times = the battery is out of power.
- Resistance: 1.8ohm
- Output Wattage: 7.2W
- Unique USB charging design
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It is the most familiar form of electromagnetic waves. It is the part of the spectrum that is detected by the human eye. It runs a wavelength range of about 700 – 400 nm. Visible light emitted or reflected from objects around us provides us information about the world. Our eyes are sensitive to this range of
wavelengths. Different animals are sensitive to different range of wavelengths. For example, snakes can detect infrared waves, and the ‘visible’ range of many insects extends well into the utraviolet.
It covers wavelengths ranging from about 400 nm down to 0.6 nm. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is produced by special lamps and very hot bodies. The sun is an important source of ultraviolet light. But fortunately, most of it is absorbed in the ozone layer in the atmosphere at an altitude of about 40 – 50 km. UV light in large quantitieshas harmful effects on humans. Exposure to UV radiation induces the
production of more melanin, causing tanning of the skin. UV radiation is absorbed by ordinary glass. Hence, one cannot get tanned or sunburn through glass windows.
Welders wear special glass goggles or face masks with glass windows to protect their eyes from large amount of UV produced by welding arcs. Due to its shorter wavelengths, UV radiations can be focussed into very narrow beams for high precision applications such as LASIK (Laserassisted in situ keratomileusis) eye surgery. UV lamps are used to kill germs in water purifiers.
Ozone layer in the atmosphere plays a protective role, and hence its depletion by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) gas (such as freon) is a matter of international concern.
Beyond the UV region of the electromagnetic spectrum lies the X-ray region. We are familiar with X-rays because of its medical applications. It One common way to generate X-rays is to bombard a metal
target by high energy electrons. X-rays are used as a diagnostic tool in medicine and as a treatment for certain forms of cancer. Because X-rays damage or destroy living tissues and organisms, care must be taken to avoid unnecessary or over exposure.
They lie in the upper frequency range of the electromagnetic spectrum. This high frequency radiation is produced in nuclear reactions and also emitted by radioactive nuclei. They are used in medicine to destroy cancer cells.


Posted on April 6, 2017
In senior year at Beth Tfiloh High School, students have a chance to take part in an internship. I got in contact with Dr. Avi Rubin who allowed me to take part in an internship at his company Harbor Labs which takes part in information security. They deal with both legal issues and cryptography research.
Once I began to understand WebRTC, I made use of other resources to build an application that allows for two browsers to connect as well as a node server. I then added to the application a data channel to allow for text (or chats) to travel through.
After succeeding with creating a data channel to communicate between two browsers, I began implementing AES encryption using the SJCL a crypto library, and the CBC block cipher mode of operation. This was difficult because the documentation for SJCL is lacking. However, the library does contain a vast number of test cases.
After successfully implementing symmetric AES encryption using CBC, I moved on to asymmetric encryption. This involved me learning how asymmetric encryption works. Each side generates both an ECDSA signing key pair and an ElGamal encryption key pair. I used these to encrypt the symmetric key. To do this, the initiator of a chat creates an AES session key and receives the other’s (non-initiator) ElGamal public key. I then had the initiator encrypt the AES key with the other's ElGamal public key.
The initiator, after encrypting the AES key, uses its private key to sign the encrypted key. It finally sends the signature, the encrypted key, and it's ECDSA public key. When the other receives this information, it first verifies the information with the received ECDSA key, then uses its elGamal private key to decrypt the AES key. This then allows the AES session key to be used for message encryption between the initiator and the other.
Ideally, I would not have to implement key generation between two unknown parties. Certificate authorities are trusted entities that can verify the identity of the imitator and other communicator.
I also worked with Mike Rushanan using Wireshark, a program that analyzes all network packets passing through a system. He taught me how several information systems and networking protocols work (e.g., TCP and UDP). We got to see the information each packet held and the information passed through my application.
I had an incredibly fun time at working with Mike Rushanan and Dr. Avi Rubin. I learned a great deal about wireless communication and encryption.


Time for a movie? Gather around the big screen and enjoy quality time at home with an easy-to-use, design-friendly, home entertainment system.
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Convenient access to lighting combines with smart dimming technology to provide the perfect amount of light for any occasion or ambiance.
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Knob and Tube (K&T) wiring was an early standardized method of electrical wiring which was extremely prevalent in the 1920’s and 30’s. While prevalent in the early part of the 20th century K&T was installed in some locations as late as the 1970’s. It was known that other methods such as better insulated wiring was safer and more effective but K&T could be installed for less.
There are several ways of detecting K&T wiring. One sign is that the circuit will have no electrical ground path. Also where ever the wire passes through lumber ceramic tubes are installed to insulate the wire from the wood. Ceramic knobs, which are displayed in the image, are also used as an insulator when the wiring is surface mounted in a building. The illustration displays the way K&T wiring is usually connected to homes. The best place to look for these signs is where ever the homes wiring is visible such as in the basement or in the attic rafters. Another sign that your home may have K&T wiring is the presence of old push button switches and two pronged outlets with no ground.
K&T wiring is insulated with a rubberized cloth. This insulation is prone to damage and was designed to be suspended in the air. The insulation breaks easily and deteriorates when over heated by modern appliances which expose the wire to damage. The insulation is also highly flammable. I have provided a link below that goes in to greater detail about the insulation of K&T wiring.
<——- Damaged insulation and wiring in contact with other material.


Biomedical Signal Processing, Zarina BT Che Amin
Biomedical Signal Processing is an introduction to the digital signal processing theory in the context of biomedical applications. Major signal processing topics that are covered include data acquisition, frequency domain analysis, filtering, sampling, time-dependent processing, linear prediction, basic probability, random signals and their interaction with linear systems, estimation of random signal parameters, and signal detection.
- Geotechnical Site Exploration in the Year 2012 and Beyond, Paul W...
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- Turbine and Auxiliaries
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Green technology advances in commercial buildings not only help companies save money over time, it scores tax breaks, rebates and other incentives. Companies are developing new technologies and products to help building owners capture some of the “coolest” advances. Many are familiar with the motion-sensor light switches that have been proven to save energy.
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You now have the power to remotely monitor, control, and automate all of your facility’s plug-in electrical devices from one interface – whether that’s on a PC, iOS, or Android device. Scheduling weekend and overnight run-times for vending machines, window air conditioners, and equipment has never been simpler! So, you can throw away those sticky notes reminding employees to remember to turn off lights.
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By adding BOSS Controls’ Wi-Fi enabled Smart Plugs to your operations, you can control any plug-in electrical device with ease. You can add as many BOSS 120 and 220 smart plugs in large groups or a la carte as your budget permits.
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Wessels Smart Expansion Tanks with WessGuard Protection
Wessels Smart Tank Series tanks are ASME removable bladder tanks equipped with the WessGuard® bladder monitoring system. WessGuard® acts to protect the critical components of the mechanical system by using a nonintrusive capacitive sensor to monitor the effectiveness of the system’s bladder tank.
If the bladder extends beyond normal movement, WessGuard® will activate an audible alarm and LED light to notify maintenance personnel of a potential system issue. In the case of compromised bladder integrity, water level will rise and activate the alarm. WessGuard® is the industry’s first and only sentry for critical mechanical system protection.
Wessels Smart Tank Series with WessGuard® bladder monitor can also be integrated with Energy Management Systems (EMS) for remote monitoring and complete system integration.
Learn more about Wessels Smart Tank Series with WessGuard Protection.


Electric circuit control cone crusher for Products improvement Crusher Electric Suppliers, Manufacturer, Distributor offers 1,711 Crusher Electric Suppliers, and Crusher Electric Manufacturers, Distributors, Factories, Companies. There are 980 OEM, 891 ODM, 271 Self Patent.Read More
Series Circuit Diagram at Current Electric. 16.An electric circuit has a 12 V battery and 12- resistor. . Chevalier FSG Series Surface Grinder Electrical Circuit Diagrams and Parts Manual Year (1996) By.
Schematic diagram of an electrical control panel for a crusher electrical circuit of the jaw coal crusher. rock crusher – world news. electric control panels for aggregate equipment – Crusher.
Circuit Diagram For Control Panel For Crushers. cone crusher electrical control schematics rs In China 53 is a schematic diagram of a cone crusher Online Circuit Diagram For Crusher Control Panel line diagram crusher cone .Electrical Drawing Of A Cone Crusher drawing of 200 tph mobile stone cone crusher seshadrivaradhan.
Apr 07, 2020 Each cone crusher has several cavity options with different feed openings and setting ranges. The correct cavity can be selected based on the feed size, setting, and application. Overall, it is essential to keep in mind that the crusher is just one part of a crushing circuit.
Cone crushers are used in the mineral, mining, and aggregate industry for fragmentation of rock materials. Control systems for cone crusher settings are widely used for compensating for wear and.
GAP CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR A CONE CRUSHER. United States Patent 3700175. Apparatus is disclosed for controlling the outlet gap of a cone crusher, comprising a detecting core disposed within a main shaft of the cone crusher and a plurality of coils fixedly disposed with respect to the detecting core and forming therewith a differential transformer.
Diagram and control circuit for crusher. Heavy duty 52sbs optional features allow you to monitor and control cone crusher see graph at the heart of electric circuit mobile crusher youtube jan 2, 2014 mobile cone crusher for sale in south africa is a kind of mobile electrical circuit diagr Details.
Electrical circuitof the jaw coalcrusherin cambodia price. basic electric circuit of stationry crusher. Electrical Circuit Of The Jaw Coal Crusher Electrical circuit of the jaw coal crusher circuitjaw and gyratory crushers are two most important types of primary crushers but coal is probably the largest user of roll crushers currently though grounding the reference point in an electrical.
Diagram electric crusher machine. stone crusher machine electrical wiring diagram control panel Mobile Crusher Beneficiation Equipment SOLUTIONS.Electrical Circuit Diagram For Iron Ore Washing Plant is a leading global manufacturer of crushing and.
Raptor Cone Crushers Smart cone crushers with advanced control systems with most protocols and central plant control systems. Your crusher is protected so it maintains high reliability. Liner life is increased in a closed circuit. Because of the lower circulation load, they.
Feb 18, 2021 As a professional cone crusher manufacturer and supplier, we also offer Customized Crushers, Jaw Crushers, Impact Crushers, Crushing Plant Design, Portable Crushers, and . Usually, a cone crusher is installed in a crushing circuit as a secondary crusher. Pre-crushed material fed in via the top of the cone crusher flows over the mantle while.
Circuit Crusher Cone Crusher China Professional Manufacturer Aggregate Production Line Electric Circuit Control Cone Crusher. US $12500-$12800 Set. 1 Set (Min. Order) 1 YRS Shanghai Shibang Machinery Sales . Contact Supplier. Ad. 1 6.
Improved crusher reliability and availability . The electric dump valve control system checks the Hydroset hydraulic pressure 200 times per second. When pressure rises beyond a preset limit, the system instantly drops the main shaft to reduce mechanical stress on your crusher, greatly improving its performance and reliability.
Cone crusher and screen on the same wheel-mounted chassis. The wheel-mounted and electrically powered NW Series™ NW100HPC-CC™ portable crushing and screening plant features the efficient Nordberg HP100™ cone crusher belonging to the Nordberg HP series™ cone crusher product family.HP cone crushers are the most popular modern cone crushers in the world with over 10,000.
Raptor cone crushers offer mobile closed circuit plants. Productive and versatile, the Raptor cone crusher is readily mounted and easily transportable on a portable cone screen chassis. Versatility The Raptor cone crusher offers flexibility in the production of high quality aggregates such as ballast, road base and asphalt chips.
Cone crusher that is able to produce finished sized products thanks to an integral product screen and closed circuit operation. Designed to function in open or closed circuit for flexible and productive operation, it features the market – Manoeuvred by radio remote control and has a cable remote control for back-up.
Cone crushers were originally designed and developed by Symons around 1920 and therefore are often described as Symons cone crushers. As the mechanisms of crushing in these crushers are similar to gyratory crushers their designs are similar, but in this case the spindle is supported at the bottom of the gyrating cone instead of being suspended as in larger gyratory crushers.
Replacement Nordberg HP300 Cone Crusher Parts. SINCO Machinery manufacture an extensive range of aftermarket crusher wear and spare parts to suit the Metso™ Nordberg™ range of HP300 cone crushers. SINCO Machinery have developed an extensive range of manganese to suit the crushing chambers available for each model. Chambers available include.
300w 132lbs h Electric Ice Shaver Crusher Machine Snow Cone Maker Shaved Ice USA $45.99 $65.99 previous price $65.99 30 off 30 off previous price $65.99 30 off.
If you are trying to find one, our Electric Ice Crusher Shaver Machine Snow Cone Maker helps you get ice in large quantities. The ice maker crusher makes ice while keeping the safety intact. This ice crusher machine has an on off switch, making it easy for you to make ice. Our snow cone machine works efficiently and produces ice up to 143 lbs.
This crusher can be operated remotely using a PC and be fully integrated into the plant's control system if required. In addition, our Trio TP series cone crushers feature a self-contained, climate-controlled oil lubrication skid with integrated programmable logic controller (PLC) monitoring condition sensors .
Apr 19, 2018 The crushers in this plant were automated using variable feed rate to control power drawn at a fixed close side setting. First-stage reduction crushers were running at 60 percent average connected power and the closed-circuit crushers were run at 95 percent average connected power. The equipment therefore was running near maximum capability.
Mar 24, 2021 Call for price. Location Arvin, CA El Jay 54 Standard Cone Crusher with 200 h.p. electric motor drive, V-belt drive with guard, mounted on a steel fabricated stationary structure with wrap around Condition. Used.
May 18, 2017 It is believed that the majority of the crushing variables used by the various cone crusher manufacturers are covered by the variable ranges selected. The program utilized a three foot Symons Short Head Crusher operating in open circuit and equipped with a coarse cavity.
Mar 24, 2021 Control Center. Dashboard. Buyer Tools. Saved Listings (0 1000 SR CONE Close Circuit track mounted, Scania engine, 5x11 2 Deck screen, Hyd Adjust, Near Fresno, CA (1) - one Telsmith Portable 48S Cone Crushing Screening Plant including a 48 Standard D-Style Cone Crusher, 150 h.p. electric motor, V-belt drive with Condition Used MLS.
Symons compound cone crusher is a modern high performance crusher designed and developed by EASTMAN according to the needs of users, based on the principle of lamination crushing and the concept of crushing and less grinding, which integrates optimized cavity type and reasonable stroke. Applications mining, quarry, aggregate making, etc. Materials.
HP300-6x20-CC Closed Circuit Cone Plant Metso-Nordberg HP300 Cone Crusher with Lubinator common lube with 10 hp electric motor and hydraulic system with 10 hp electric motor, air radiator oil cooling fan with 5.5 hp electric motor. Includes extra lube oil heaters for cold weather operation, crusher.
May 28, 2020 The CRC320 combines the TG320 cone crusher and a 15 hp, 42” wide discharge conveyor on a portable all electric chassis. The crusher is fitted with an overflow chute and removable overflow panel so the overflow can buffer feed surges in a closed circuit application. The trailer width and length allow easy movement from site to site.
Cone Crusher – El Jay 54” Standard Cone Crusher. Manufacturer El jay El Jay 54” Standard Cone Crusher with 200 h.p. electric motor drive, V-belt drive with guard, mounted on a steel fabricated stationary structure with wrap around walkways and stairway access. Classic Roller cone.
Cone Crushers Safety, Productivity Ease of Maintenance. Telsmith manufactures a wide range of crushing equipment that’s engineered with the highest standards of safety, productivity, and ease of maintenance for mining, aggregates, crushed stone production, and recycling applications.


Wireless Encryption WEP WPA and WPA2
Many wireless users do not know WEP WPA WPA2 wireless encryption protocols and the security threats that may be subject while accessing a wireless network.
When users set wireless network passwords with WEP WPA WPA2 Wireless encryption protocol, users tend to think they are immune from hackers. However, hackers can easily get to their access and download a high potential of information about the user or human capital.
Besides, the collected data may be used by hackers for their advantage while the right user pays.
Types of wireless security encryption
There are some basic security measures listed below that you can take; but first, you may want to learn about Wireless Encryption WEP WPA and WPA2 and the difference between wireless security encryption protocols.
Moreover, it also introduced the CCMP (Counter Cipher Mode Protocol) which is a protocol encryption focused on wireless networks products that apply the IEEE802.11i safety standards to the original standard IEEE802.11.
The use of CCMP against the use of TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption is an improved data encapsulation mechanism oriented to the confidentiality of data based on the counter mode with CBC-MAC (CCM) of the AES standard. It was created to address the vulnerabilities presented by WEP, currently insecure.
In the current scenario the use of WPA2 system can be the way to make the network more secure.
WPA is an improved WEP that became available in 2003 after a year of official retirement by WEP.
The increase from 64-bit and 128-bit to 256-bit WPA makes a difference in the method and how Encryption keys are used.
Message integrity check and TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) was another change later introduced in the WPA in terms of integrity and intrusion check, providing more security for the user.
However, despite the innovations, WPA still presents some flaws, and thus still prone to hacking, but not so easily as in the case of WEP.
List of measures
Below I present a list of measures that can be taken to protect the wireless network:
- Router Firmware
Using the latest Router Firmware can play a very crucial part in securing the wireless network. Use the latest updated firmware versions in providing protection against hackers.
- Establish Strong Passwords
Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting guessing and brute force attacks. It estimates how many trials an attacker who does not have direct access to the password would need, to guess it correctly.
Even if you are using the most secure encryption you can become an easy target with a weak password.
The strength of password is the result of its length, unpredictability and complexity. The best password security policy is a combination of capital and lower case letters, numbers and symbols and minimum 8 characters long.
- SSID Name
Many users ignore the importance of changing the name of the used network. However, keeping the same name of the wireless network (system default), help the discovery of network access password, using its name and the use of tools available on the Internet.
If you suspect that there was an intrusion in your network, you should contact IT Specialists about systems & network administration to perform the necessary procedures to safeguard your data.
Actually, companies that have already implemented wireless networks usually have concerns about the security of your data and their human capital.
Often they move away from the wireless network technology with the obvious prejudice on their productivity and infrastructure that may no longer hold.
Many alternatives have been available, as well as technology that allowed greater reliability and higher speeds, existing today many standards and updates to protect wireless transmissions.
The most recent security wireless protocols including WPA2, based on the IEEE_802.1X standard, help provide the best protection for trafficking in the business environment of a medium enterprise. Current standards, when configured correctly (DNS/DHCP/Radius servers, VLAN, AP, IEEE_802.1X protocol, network devices and other components) are very safe and can be used with a high level of confidence in the business environment of a small/medium company at low cost.
Wireless Encryption WEP WPA and WPA2 Wireless Encryption WEP WPA and WPA2 Wireless Encryption WEP WPA and WPA2 Wireless Encryption WEP WPA and WPA2
- Active Directory
- IAS or NPS (Radius)
- IEEE 802.1X
- AP WPA2/AES
- EAP-PEAP, Encryption: MSCHAPv2


Making full use of bromination and iodination technologies provide products that can contribute to high functionality in forefront technological industries.
Product lines for diverse fields have been evolved and developed from the fundamental bromination technologies. We make full use of our highly evaluated synthesis technology to make high value-added products?hence our reputation, “Manac is synonymous with bromination and iodination.”
Flame retardants are added to plastics used in the electric and electronic fields. We produce and develop high performance flame retardants with high heat resistance, weather resistance, non-bleeding property, and other characteristics that we have pursued based on our long-cultivated bromination technologies and accumulated information.
Manac supplies the pharmaceutical and food fields with non-bromine based inorganic chemicals made from various mineral components in seawater. Bromine, a minor component in seawater, is also used to continuously manufacture and stably supply inorganic bromides to the photo industry and other fields.
Based upon bromine compounds and iodine compounds, Manac develops and produces various organic chemicals. For instance, pharmaceutical products, other photographic chemicals like photographic emulsions and developers, various types of information recording materials, dyes, fragrances, and electronic materials, etc.


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Sports HD Digital Camera w/Underwater HousingIntova introduces its newest submersible camera the Sport Pro Digital Camera and Piranha Dive Mfg WILL have them in stock and ready to ship next week! This is a pre order price only!!!!!! This HD Waterproof Video Camera can shoot Video at 1080p HD, 720p HD and 480p. The camera can also take still photographs at 12mp, 8mp, 5mp and 3mp. Camera is equipped with a digital zoom for all modes except at 1080p. The Sport Pro is equipped with a 140 degree wide angle lens, so you can get in close to your subject without worrying about cutting off parts of the subject or getting to much scatter in your photographs or video.
Camera is depth rated to 200' (60 meters). The camera mechanism is incased in a durable shock resistant plastic material not requiring a separate housing like with other submersible cameras. Easy to frame your subject with the camera's, 1.5" (3.8 cm) TFT LCD. Camera has a video/still image flip function, and when the action get intense a Burst Mode of 3, 5 or 10 photos, so you'll never miss a shot. Camera supports micro SD card up to 32 GB (4GB SDHC CLASS 4 or above is recommended).
No need for batteries with this camera, this camera comes equipped with a built-in 1400Mah rechargeable battery that gives 2.5 hours of record time on a single charge. Camera is small and lightweight measuring 2.8" x 3.3" x 2.4" (7 x 8.4 x 6 cm) and weighing only 6 oz (170 g), so you can put it in your BC Pocket and quickly pull it out when you want to film. Camera's photographic distances is from 5' to infinity (1.5 meters to infinity) and has shutter speeds of 1/12 to 1/1000 of a second. Camera is compatible with Windows 2000, XP, Vista, 7 and Apple OSX 10.2.6 or later. All camera functions can be controlled through housing, even underwater. Other brands offer limited control functionality in housing. Camera comes with a Owner's Manual.
Very wide range of view without the severe edge distortion of wider view planes, Flat lens port works underwater with no extra accessories, 3 slip on filters available-Red (underwater), clear (protect lens port), Polarizing (bright sunlight). Mounts: Camera has a full range of mounts utilizing standard tripod thread which allows use with most other camera brands. Mount selection includes: Bar/Pole mount: Handle bars, ski poles, paddles, Helmet Mount-elastic strap system fits most helmets, Adhesive Mount with flat and curved adapters, Chest Mount , Suction cup mount and Surfboard Mount. All mounts include quick release system.
Specs Resolution: Video: 1080p HD, 720p HD, 480p Photo: 12MP, 8MP, 5MP, 3MP Digital Zoom: all modes except 1080p Waterproof to 200' (60 meters) 1.5 (3.8 cm) TFT LCD Battery Life: Recording Time 2.5 Hours Video/Still Image Flip Burst Mode: 3, 5 or 10 Photos Built in 32MB Flash Memory Built in 1400Mah Rechargeable Battery Supports micro SD Card up to 32 GB TV/Mini USB Slots Dimensions: 2.8" x 3.3" x 2.4" (7 x 8.4 x 6 cm) Weight: 6 oz (170 g) Owner's Manual
Features Image Resolution: 5.0MP 1/2.3" CMOS Sensor, 12MP (by interpolation), 8MP (by interpolation), 5MP, 3MP External Memory: Support micro SD card up to 32 GB (4GB SDHC CLASS 4 or above is recommended) Video Mode: 1920*1080 (1080P/30 fps).... 1280x720(720P/30 fps)..... 848 x 480 (WVGA1/60fps)..... 848 x 480 (WVGA/30 fps)...... 640 x 480 (VGA/30 fps) Status Display: Yes Interface "software": Windows 2000, XP, Vista & 7 Apple OSX 10.2.6 or later Power: Built-In 1400Mah Rechargeable Battery Photographic Distance: 5' to Infinity (1.5 meters to Infinity) Auto Off System Time: Off/1min/3min/5min High Res Mode: 1920* 1080 (1080P/30 fps) for Video
Low Res Mode: 640 x 480 (VGA/30 fps) for Video....... 3MP for Still Image Depth Rating: 200' (60 meters) Shutter: 1/12 sec. 1/1000 sec LCD: 1.5" (3.8 cm)TFT LCD Dimensions: 2.8" x 3.3" x 2.4" (7 x 8.4 x 6 cm)


With this Application you can calculate basic transistor operations.
As an electronic caluclation application, It offers,
Common Base Transistor Circuit,
Common Collector Transistor Circuit,
Common Drain Transistor Circuit,
Common Gate Transistor Circuit,
Common Source Transistor Circuit,
Calculations of Output/Input Voltage Gain (Av)
and Voltage between output pins.
MOSFET and BJT Transistors included.
Basic Electronic Circuits Calc is a free software application from the Teaching & Training Tools subcategory, part of the Education category.
The app is currently available in English and it was last updated on 2014-08-16. The program can be installed on Android.
Basic Electronic Circuits Calc (version 1.1) has a file size of 1.05 MB and is available for download from our website.
Just click the green Download button above to start. Until now the program was downloaded 7 times.
We already checked that the download link to be safe, however for your own protection we recommend that you scan the downloaded software with your antivirus.


Most Popular Products
|Home||» Products||» Spring Cable Reel||» Spring Operated Cable Reeling Drum|
Spring Operated Cable Reeling Drum
Product Code : cable reel-1
We are counted as a major manufacturer and supplier of Spring Operated Cable Reeling Drum in the industry. This drum is featured with automatic rewind function to simply supply power to cranes, hoists and other machines. It is suitable for both alternating current and direct current applications. Apart from this, our offered Spring Operated Cable Reeling Drum can be powered by springs.
- Cable fed in the clockwise direction
- Available with geared rotary limit Switch arrangement
- No chain drives hence reduced maintenance


Fisher-Price® Kid-Tough® Portable DVR Puts Preschoolers' Favorite TV Shows in the Palm of Their Hands
New device enables parents to digitally record any content that comes from their home cable box or satellite system and take it on the go!
EAST AURORA, N.Y., Jan. 9, 2012 -- Watching TV shows on the go has never been easier for preschoolers, thanks to the Fisher-Price® Kid-Tough® Portable DVR. Even new TV episodes can be recorded for viewing on this cool, kid-friendly, hand-held device.
Recording TV shows is easier than finding the remote! It takes parents only a matter of minutes to simply attach the Kid-Tough Portable DVR to its base unit that is connected to their TV and set top box (DVR, cable box, satellite box, digital converter box) and they can record their children's favorite TV shows. Recording can even be programmed for up to 24 hours in advance of the show's air time.
The Portable DVR has easy-to-use, kid-friendly controls and contains a rechargeable battery for 4-6 hours of play time (the battery re-charges when the unit is docked). The built-in memory accommodates up to 2 hours' worth of content. Families heading on a cross-country road trip can expand the memory and stock up on the latest TV episodes before they leave the driveway by purchasing an additional memory card for the micro SD card slot. This will help minimize the "are we there yet?" hollers from the back seat!
In addition, the device features a 3.5 inch touch-screen interface and a slick, high-end design that preschoolers will love, in either pink or blue.
The Kid-Tough Portable DVR will be available this summer at major retailers nationwide.


عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]چکیده [English]
Reliable predictions on import prices of agricultural products could result in appropriate timing of import and saving of exchange resources. Linear time series models including ARIMA, GARCH and EGARCH have frequently been used in time series forecasting during the past three decades. Recent studies on forecasting with artificial neural network (ANNs) suggest that ANNs can be a suitable alternative to the traditional linear models. But neither linear time series models nor ANNs could be adequate in modeling and forecasting time series since the linear model cannot deal with nonlinear relationships while neural network model alone is not able to handle both linear and nonlinear patterns equally well. Hence, by integrating linear time series with ANN models and designing the hybrid model, patterns in the data could be explained more accurately. In this research, a hybrid methodology that combines time series model ARIMA, GARCH and EGARCH and ANN models is designed and results are compared with those of competitive models. In order to compare forecasting accuracy, in addition to the usual criteria such as RMSE, MAD, MAPE and Theil Coefficient with introducing Granger and Newbold statistic, significance of forecasting accuracy have been investigated. Findings for prices of wheat, corn and sugar indicated that hybrid model significantly improves forecasting accuracy. In order to save foreign exchange, application of hybrid models for agricultural price prediction is recommended.