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Han's Laser Technology Centre , Shennan
Ave No.9988,Nanshan District, Shenzhen,
Guangdong Province, China.
Zip code: 518057
Tel.:+86 -(0)755 - 86632700
Laser technology has been used in the electronics for a few years now and it has helped many consumer electronics companies to provide better products for their customers. Laser marking, laser cutting is the most common technology used on electronics, which helps manufacturers improve the efficiency and quality of their product. Laser technology is widely applied into the semiconductor industry, such as online/ offline PCB marking and cutting, flexible PCB marking and cutting, full-automatic IC marking and so on.
High quality requirements and absolutely complete information flow in every process step are the requirements in the field of electronics. Circuit boards and electronic components are marked with permanent, solder-resistant and safe machine-readable laser markings, for example a data matrix code.
The laser system can read the information to be inscribed directly from a database, mark it on the component and check it for quality and content through a camera system. With the use of a camera system, the position and orientation can be detected, the caption can be automatically adjusted, and the content and quality can be checked. Thus you achieve high quality assurance as well as high production efficiency.
Fully automated laser systems with automatic loading and unloading of printed circuit boards, for example, guarantee high efficiency and high volume flow.
Semiconductors and small electronic components are usually produced in very large quantities. Economic mass production is only possible through fully automated processes. The small components often have to be provided with much information. This information must be flexibly and extremely quickly applied to the components.
By using a laser system with a galvo head for very fast deflection of the laser beam and a partially or fully automated solution, the high requirements can be met. The applied marking is resistant, durable and perfectly readable.
A laser system is also used for special test procedures of microchip testing, also called decapping. Decapping a microchip into a process of removing the protective coating of a microchip so that the actual chip itself is revealed for visual inspection of the microcircuits. This process is typically performed to debug a manufacturing problem with the chip or possibly copy information from the chip.


A reuters article suggests Apple Inc. is gathering advice on parts and production methods, focusing on electric and connected-car technologies, while studying the potential for automated driving. They appear to be uninterested in help from the regular industry.
- “Fully automated driving is an evolution. Carmakers will slowly build the market for autonomous cars by first releasing connected and partially automated cars,” the auto industry source said. “Apple is interested in all the potential ways you can evolve the car; that includes autonomous driving.”
- “The Wall Street Journal reported on Friday that Apple had set up a secret lab working on the creation of an Apple-branded electric car, citing people familiar with the matter. The lab was set up late last year, soon after Apple revealed its forthcoming smart watch and latest iPhones, the Financial Times said.”
- “Car technology has become a prime area of interest for Silicon Valley companies ranging from Google Inc (GOOGL.O), which has built a prototype self-driving car, to electric car-maker Tesla Motors Inc (TSLA.O).”
- “Already, carmakers such as Daimler (DAIGn.DE), BMW (BMWG.DE) and Volkswagen’s (VOWG_p.DE) Audi (NSUG.DE) have revealed cars that can travel long distances without human intervention.”
We know that self-driving cars are in general safer, more fuel efficient, have quicker reaction times than humans, and will be able to automatically find the best routes in real time by being aware of traffic abnormalities.
- In the near future it will be illegal for humans to drive cars. It will be culturally depicted as a murderous act. Films will portray rebellious heroes driving old American muscle cars in ways that self-driving cars cannot be driven in order to evade capture or pursue criminals.
- Apple will buy Tesla for $75 billion in 18 months. (link)


RGB LED pixels mounted on a dress, partly concealed by sheer rhinestone mesh
RGB LED pixels mounted on leather harnesses for 16 backup dancers
Custom control hardware and software
Wireless DMX control
Janet Hansen was commissioned to create the lighting for several custom pieces of clothing for Britney Spears and her 16 backup dancers on the Femme Fatale tour.
During the finale song, "Til the World Ends", she wore a lighted dress containing several hundred smart RGB LED pixels that flashed in patterns simulating fire and lightning. The lights were mounted on reinforced panels that wrapped from the front of the body to the back, going over the shoulders.
For the dancers' costumes, lights were mounted on leather harnesses (non washable) worn over other pieces that could be washed daily. The control electronics and batteries were concealed in pockets behind the straps and beneath the shoulder pads, depending on the costume.
These patterns were triggered by a wireless DMX signal coming from the master lighting console, allowing the effect to be revealed on many performers simultaneously.
The video sample below shows two flashing modes that could be displayed on the dress: "lightning" and "fireball".
Other examples of Janet Hansen's wearable LED work can be seen at enlighted.com.


We use RayXpert for calculation of the shielding of a transport container for our 60Co sources. We plan to use it in the future for other similar projects. It is in principle easy to use tool after few training sessions with TRAD. RayXpert imports CAD files of the objects for simulation of 3D dose distribution. We can also add multiple detectors at the desired locations around the object for more precise dose calculation, including indication of the precision. RayXpert has also a nice feature to continue simulations from the previously saved data, which helps to improve the accuracy of the results.


A DMX splitter gives you a lot of flexibility when connecting DMX controlled devices. A splitter isolates and amplifies each output independently. This therefore means that if there is a fault or malfunction from one branch, the other branches are not affected.
When choosing a DMX splitter for your theater needs, there are several factors you have to consider before you make a decision on which type will fulfill your needs perfectly.
When choosing a DMX splitter you need to consider to cable distance to the output channels. Some DMX splitters come with cable limitations but a good quality DMX splitter will eliminate this limitation.
Number of Outputs
Depending on the size of your theater, you will need a DMX splitter than can support the number of devices you want to control. Most DMX splitters come with a fixed number of outputs with each output controlling about 32 devices. Therefore if you need to control more devices then the number of outputs featured in the DMX splitter have to be more. Alternatively, you can link multiple DMX splitters until you have controlled the number of devices you intended to.
DMX splitters only control your devices but do not supply power separately to them. Each device therefore needs to be connected to a power supply. When choosing a quality DMX splitter you need to consider your power supply source as well. Good DMX splitters can switch between 110 V to 240 V. This makes it versatile and easy to use for any type of power source.
A good quality splitter will operate between 20 – 60 degrees Celsius. If the temperatures exceed this range, the splitter is likely to overheat and malfunction affecting the performance of your devices.
Lastly when choosing a splitter you need to consider its size. Good splitters come in a compact design making them highly portable and easy to use especially if you will need to link them up.


The BBC’s mini-series The Capture makes a strong, if indirect, argument for blockchain technology.
The show depicts a world full of fake news, where intelligence agencies use technologies like deepfake face-swapping to manufacture evidence supporting their agenda. This is not science fiction; thanks to the GAN (Generative Adversarial Network) that emerged in 2014 as well as open source technology, deepfake videos are one of a growing number of ways people can create convincingly realistic “fake news.”
Deepfakes are already being used for everything from jokes to porn. But as I wrote in a previous article, that the real danger in deepfakes is the potential to use them for fraud and terrorism. This is precisely what the show depicts. In The Capture, even “reliable” CCTV surveillance video can be altered, asking the question: can we no longer believe what we see?
As far as anyone knows, we haven’t seen technology as sophisticated as what’s used in The Capture, which depicts realistic deepfakes being generated in real time, show up in real life. But it is not difficult to imagine that such technology could exist. Real-time environment capture, deepfake neural networks and motion libraries all exist. Perhaps no one has combined them to create totally convincing real-time deepfakes yet, but it will be possible someday soon.
And while it seems incredibly advanced and out-of-reach, it could quickly become normal and ubiquitous. Under the auxiliary of various tools that are easy to use, people can quickly learn the technology and put it into practical use.Hao Li, an associate professor of computer science at the University of Southern California and an expert in facial recognition whose work on performance-driven facial animation contributed to the iPhone X’s Animoji,said in an interview with CNBC this September that everyone will be able to create manipulated images and videos that seem “perfectly real” in “half a year to a year.”
Indeed, they already can. Deepfake apps already put this technology into the hands of the public, although the results aren’t often flawless enough to be indistinguishable from the real thing.
This is a big deal. As Tom Van de Weghe of Stanford University pointed out in his blog, “[Deepfakes] can be used to create digital wildfires. They can be used by any autocratic regime to discredit dissidents.”
As long as data exists, data tampering exists. So in an increasingly data-driven, digitalized world, what can we believe? This is where blockchain, which has the potential to serve as a powerful anti-tampering tool, comes in.
Data recorded on a blockchain is incredibly difficult to tamper with, since information is verified and stored by a large number of decentralized nodes when it’s entered into the chain. Changing that information after the fact, therefore, would require controlling at least half of all available nodes — a hugely difficult and expensive prospect on most blockchain networks.
And while storing entire videos on the blockchain would be resource-intensive, that wouldn’t be required. Only the fingerprint-like hash value of the video data for each second (or perhaps each frame) would need to be recorded. Since these hashes are relatively short strings of characters, they’re much smaller to store than raw video, but they can still be used to identify any video that’s been modified from its original.
For example, here’s how this approach could be used to defend against attacks on security camera footage: we can add a signature to each camera with a unique private key built into the chip.The camera then signs each frame/second/minute of the footage using this key, and the video data hash and camera signature are recorded on the blockchain. And any data tampering could be quickly discovered by generating a hash of the potentially-tampered file and comparing that to the original stored on the chain.
A similar approach could be taken for the video recorded on mobile phones. Many modern phones already have a chip or dedicated chip area reserved for security. For instance, Google’s new product Pixel 3 is equipped with such a security chip named “Titan M”, iPhone has similar ‘Secure Enclave’, and Samsung's Galaxy and other Android phones often use TrustZone that comes on ARM chips.
Right now, these security chips are storing data internally, but they could be used to generate and store hashes for videos on a blockchain, similar to the approach described above for security cameras.
As the world becomes more and more digital, the need for counterfeit-proof digital technology is likely to rise, and blockchain is the best answer we currently have. It can offer security and certainty, freeing us from our reliance on corruptible centralized institutions to determine what’s true.
Authorities as varied as Facebook, Google, and the British government are trying to fight deepfakes in their own ways, but any such centralized solution requires trust in the institution itself. Do you trust Facebook? Personally, I prefer the distributed, trustless solution offered by an immutable blockchain — a single, transparent, and distributed source of truth that anyone can verify for themselves.


Our professional projector installation team have been trained to assist you in creating the ideal installed solutions for your classrooms, meeting rooms, training rooms and reception areas. And of course your home cinema projector installation is just a phone call away!
We focus on achieving the best solution for your establishment to meet both your needs and your budget. To ensure that your exact requirements are met we will send out a expert projector installer to carry out a free site survey and investigate any existing equipment that needs to be integrated into the final install. We help you maximize the full potential from your projector and as all our work is warranted then you have complete peace of mind.
Included in our business conference room projector and projection screen installation service:
Conduct a site survey to meet all safety regulations and performing stress-test to the ceiling or the wall for the weight of a projector and a screen
Unpack and check the equipment for damage
Attach projectors ceiling mount to the ceiling; we provide The perfect high quality mountBracket (make and model number of a projector must be specified by the client or determined during an initial site inspection)
Attach and secure projector on the ceiling mount
Conceal all video cables going to the projector (up to 15 feet) for a wire free look*. All HDMI and Component cables we provide are 18 feet long, support 1080p with 36bit depth and CL3 rated for in-wall wiring
Attaching a clean source of power will eliminate electromagnetic and radio frequency interference from your AC power and components for better high definition picture and to protect your projector against potentially damaging surges and spikes
Mount fixed or motorized screen from the ceiling or the wall and perform all electric motor connections based on the manufacturers specifications. Connect all electric motor triggers or infrared signals to the system for automatic operation
Integrate projector and the screen into the existing audio/video system
Reconfigure cable box, satellite box, Blu-Ray DVD player and any game console to function properly and with its maximum capability with an HD projector


Producing and Measuring Elecrical Quantities
The purpose of this introduce is to introduce and explain the basic theory and characteristics of batteries. The batteries which are discussed and illustrated have been selected as representative of many models and types which are used in the Navy today. No attempt has been made to cover every type of battery in use, however, after completing this chapter you will have a good working knowledge of the batteries which are in general use.
First, you will learn about the building block of all batteries, the cell. The explanation will explore the physical makeup of the cell and the methods used to combine cells to provide useful voltage, current, and power. The chemistry of the cell and how chemical action is used to convert chemical energy to electrical energy are also discussed.
In addition, the care, maintenance, and operation of batteries, as well as some of the safety precautions that should be followed while working with and around batteries are discussed.
Batteries are widely used as sources of direct-current electrical energy in automobiles, boats, aircraft, ships, portable electric/electronic equipment, and lighting equipment. In some instances, they are used as the only source of power; while in others, they are used as a secondary or standby power source.
A battery consists of a number of cells assembled in a common container and connected together to function as a source of electrical power.
A cell is a device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy. The simplest cell, known as either a galvanic or voltaic cell, is shown in this figure. It consists of a piece of carbon (C) and a piece of zinc (Zn) suspended in a jar that contains a solution of water (H20) and sulfuric acid (H2S04) called the electrolyte.
The cell is the fundamental unit of the battery. A simple cell consists of two electrodes placed in a container that holds the electrolyte.
In some cells the container acts as one of the electrodes and, in this case, is acted upon by the electrolyte. This will be covered in more detail later.
The electrodes are the conductors by which the current leaves or returns to the electrolyte. In the simple cell, they are carbon and zinc strips that are placed in the electrolyte; while in the dry cell, they are the carbon rod in the center and zinc container in which the cell is assembled.
The electrolyte is the solution that acts upon the electrodes. The electrolyte, which provides a path for electron flow, may be a salt, an acid, or an alkaline solution. In the simple galvanic cell, the electrolyte is in a liquid form. In the dry cell, the electrolyte is a paste.
The container which may be constructed of one of many different materials provides a means of holding (containing) the electrolyte. The container is also used to mount the electrodes. In the voltaic cell the container must be constructed of a material that will not be acted upon by the electrolyte.
A primary cell is one in which the chemical action eats away one of the electrodes, usually the negative electrode. When this happens, the electrode must be replaced or the cell must be discarded. In the galvanic-type cell, the zinc electrode and the liquid electrolyte are usually replaced when this happens. In the case of the dry cell, it is usually cheaper to buy a new cell.
A secondary cell is one in which the electrodes and the electrolyte are altered by the chemical action that takes place when the cell delivers current. These cells may be restored to their original condition by forcing an electric current through them in the direction opposite to that of discharge. The automobile storage battery is a common example of the secondary cell.
|David L. Heiserman, Editor||
Copyright © SweetHaven
Revised: June 06, 2015


When you consider how rapidly technology has developed in the last 50 years, the mind boggles at what the future holds. I'm sure if someone had said 100 years ago that man would walk on the moon, or we would be taking a close look at some of those planets out there they would have been laughed at. So what would we laugh at now that will be common place in 100/200 years. How about 1,000 years, or a million years . Well how about this for a thought in the not too distant future. Foreign languages. I was watching with interest some news the other day showing the development in artificial intelligence of lip reading. Thousands of hours of studying newsreaders lips whilst broadcasting the news have helped to advance this technique with amazing success, even to the extent of having to take account of context to distinguish between similar lip movements producing different sounds. It showed a newsreader reading the news and a computer interpreting in real time using artificial intelligence At the rate this is progressing it doesn't take a stretch of the imagination to see this advanced to the point where it can automatically detect the language and interpret in real time in any chosen language. Install this artificial intelligence into robots, which are already developing at a frightening rate, and the language barrier has disappeared. It wouldn't be a total surprise to me if one day our brains, which after all are computers with extremely advanced artificial intelligence, could be tapped into and made to accept newly developed artificial intelligence (eg download a language interpreter). It would be even less of a surprise if there are beings out there somewhere that have already mastered this (they might even be robot aliens). What sort of things do you believe could be common place within 100/ 1000/ 1,000,000 years? Will robots ever be able to reproduce?


Vanliga IOS kommando – Administration av nätverks- och
12th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling
Use the show ip interface brief command to view the endpoint-specific IP addresses on your router. Use the show run interface interface_name command to view both the IP address and subnet mask. For devices with multiple interfaces, use the command show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned to see only those interfaces that have been configured. The “show ip interface brief” command is a layer 3 command on the Nexus 7000. If you do not have routing enabled, it does not display anything. Try using “show interface brief” or “show interface description” to get port up/down status.
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S1# show ip interface brief | exclude unassigned. Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol. Parse show ip interface brief into dictionary. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets. the
5 rows 2018-04-25 6 rows To display IP information for an interface, use the show ip interface command. show ip interface [type number] [brief] [vrf vrf-name] Syntax Description 2020-06-08 The command show ip interface brief shows the IP address of each interface, as well as the operational status of the interfaces at both Layer 1 and Layer 2.In order to see interface descriptions and speed and duplex settings, use the command show running-config interface.Next-hop addresses are displayed in the routing table with the command show ip route, and the MAC address of an interface show ip interface brief. Description.
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The default is all interface types and all interfaces. Options. vrfName—Name of the VRF; brief—Displays a brief summary of IP status and configuration information; detail—Shows a detailed display of IP … The show IP interface brief command gives you the answers to these questions and is the best summary of the status, protocol and IP addresses of your interfaces. This command can be used in both User EXEC and Privileged EXEC mode.
Python – Road to .. NetDevOps? - NSO - Jonas Collén
show ip interf brief | e unassigned! Shows you all of the IP-capable interfaces on the box, except for the ones that have not been assigned an IP address. I use this often, especially on big switch/routers where most of the physical interfaces do not have an IP addresses, but the SVIs do. show run | i ip route.*Serial1/1 The show ip interface command provides tons of useful information about the configuration and status of the IP protocol and its services, on all interfaces. The show ip interface brief command This command displays a brief summary of the interfaces on a device. Its useful for quickly checking the status of the device. Verificación de interfaces del router.
It's a quick way to find the State (UP/UP, UP/DOWN, ADMINISTRATIVELY DOWN/DOWN) of one or more interfaces and what their IPv4 Addresses are (you would use show ipv6 interfaces brief if …
show interfaces * show running-config show ip interface brief show mac-address-table 52.
Till dessa Router# show ip interface brief. Router# show Router# show ip interface brief.
The show ip interface brief command can also be used to verify the status of the switch interfaces.
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The show ip interface brief command can also be used to verify the status of the switch interfaces. brief—Displays a brief summary of IP status and configuration The command show ip interface brief shows the IP address of each interface, as well as the operational status of the interfaces at both Layer 1 and Layer 2. One of the most useful and popular commands used on Cisco devices is the “ show interface ” command. To configure an IP address for an interface, you can View more … Description: Use the show ip interface command with no arguments to display information about all interfaces.
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a summary of the IP addresses and subnet mask on the interface. a summary of the IP addresses on the interface and the interfaceâ€™s status. the IP packet statistics for the interfaces. the IP addresses for the interface and the routing protocol advertising the network. I was looking at a device attempting to find an ip address route next hop. Didn't find the address in the default route table.
ASA5505# sh int ip bri.


Cost Function and Backpropagation
- L = total number of layers in the network
- sls = number of units (not counting bias unit) in layer l
- K = number of output units/classes
The (regularized) logistic regression cost function is as follows：
For neural networks, the cost function is a generalization of this equation above, so instead of one output we generate k outputs:
For each training data example, sum of each position in the output vector
This is also called a weight decay term, the lambda value determines the important of the two halves
Back propagation is an algorithm used to minimize the cost function, as it allows us to calculate partial derivatives.
- We want to find parameters Θ which minimize J(Θ):
- Gradient descent
- Advanced optimization algorithms
We want to calculate the partial derivative Ɵ with respect to a single parameter
- Ɵi is the matrix of weights which define the function mapping from layer i to layer i+1
- i here represents the unit in layer l+1 you're mapping to (destination node)
- j is the unit in layer l you're mapping from (origin node)
- l is the layer your mapping from (to layer l+1) (origin layer)
Let's get an idea regarding the intuition of the algorithm
For each node we can calculate (δjl) - this is the error of node j in layer l
But the problem here is, "what is this 'real' value, and how do we calculate it?!"
- The only "real" value we have is our actual classification (our y value) - so that's where we start
To do so, we use the following algorithm:
Set a(1) := x(t)
Perform forward propagation algorithm to compute al for l=2,3,…,L:
Feeding input into the input layer (xi, yi), the sigmoid function applied to the z values gives the activation values
The cost function if there is a single output:
If we consider simple non-multiclass classification (k = 1) and disregard regularization, the cost is computed with:
Intuitively, δj(l) is the "error" for aj(l) (unit j in layer l). More formally, the delta values are actually the derivative of the cost function:
Recall that our derivative is the slope of a line tangent to the cost function, so the steeper the slope the more incorrect we are. Let us consider the following neural network below and see how we could calculate some δj(l) :
Backpropagation in Practice
Implementation Note: Unrolling Parameters
With neural networks, we are working with sets of matrices:
In order to use optimizing functions such as "fminunc()", we will want to "unroll" all the elements and put them into one long vector:
thetaVector = [ Theta1(:); Theta2(:); Theta3(:); ]
If the dimensions of Theta1 is 10x11, Theta2 is 10x11 and Theta3 is 1x11, then we can get back our original matrices from the "unrolled" versions as follows:
Theta1 = reshape(thetaVector(1:110),10,11)
Backpropagation has a lot of details, small bugs can be present and ruin it :-(
Gradient checking will assure that our backpropagation works as intended. We can approximate the derivative of our cost function with:
With multiple theta matrices, we can approximate the derivative with respect to Θj as follows:
A small value for ϵ(epsilon) such as ϵ=10−4, guarantees that the math works out properly. If the value for ϵ* is too small, we can end up with numerical problems.
Hence, we are only adding or subtracting epsilon to the Θj matrix. In octave we can do it as follows:
epsilon = 1e-4;
Once you have verified once that your backpropagation algorithm is correct, you don't need to compute gradApprox again. The code to compute gradApprox can be very slow.
Initializing all theta weights to zero does not work with neural networks. When we backpropagate, all nodes will update to the same value repeatedly. Instead we can randomly initialize our weights for our Θ matrices using the following method:
%If the dimensions of Theta1 is 10x11, Theta2 is 10x11 and Theta3 is 1x11.
Putting It Together
First, pick a network architecture; choose the layout of your neural network, including how many hidden units in each layer and how many layers in total you want to have.
- Number of input units = dimension of features x(i)
- Number of output units = number of classes
- Number of hidden units per layer = usually more the better (must balance with cost of computation as it increases with more hidden units)
- Defaults: 1 hidden layer. If you have more than 1 hidden layer, then it is recommended that you have the same number of units in every hidden layer.
Training a Neural Network
- Randomly initialize the weights
- Implement forward propagation to get hΘ(x(i)) for any x(i)
- Implement the cost function
- Implement backpropagation to compute partial derivatives
- Use gradient checking to confirm that your backpropagation works. Then disable gradient checking.
- Use gradient descent or a built-in optimization function to minimize the cost function with the weights in theta.
When we perform forward and back propagation, we loop on every training example:
for i = 1:m,
The following image gives us an intuition of what is happening as we are implementing our neural network:
Ideally, you want hΘ(x(i)) ≈ y(i). This will minimize our cost function. However, keep in mind that J(Θ) is not convex and thus we can end up in a local minimum instead.


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A New Personal Computer
Andrew has just bought one of these five different models of computers.
Each computer has a different screen size, processor power, hard drive capacity and price.
With the help of the clues, could you figure out which computer has been chosen by Andrew?
<-- Click here to view the tutorial if you are new to grid logic puzzles.
Check box in font of each clue to cross out if no longer needed.
Andrew bought the computer which was three hundred Euros less than the PC which has a processor that is 0.4 MHz more powerful than the one which has a 21.5' screen.
The five computers aren: the one chosen by Andrew (which doesn't have the 27' screen), the one which has the 2.0-MHz processor, the computer that has a 250 GB HD, the one which has a price of 1,149 Euros and the computer (which doesn't have the 15' screen) that has the HD bigger than the one chosen by Andrew but smaller than that the one which has the 2.7 MHz processor.
The computer with the 320 Gb HD has either the 2.0 or the 2.3 MHz processor.
The processor of the computer which has the 15' screen is more powerful than the one in the computer that costs 999 euros but less powerful than the processor that is included in the 1,349 Euros computer.
The computer that has the 27' screen doesn't have the 320 Gb hard drive. The 500 GB HD is included in the computer that has a more powerful professor and a larger size screen than the one which costs 699 euros (which doesn't include the 320 Gb HD).


Apple Compatible iMac SDXC - SDHC - SD CardsShopping for fast, high capacity Secure Digital flash memory cards for your iMac's SD slot?
Aluminum Intel iMac SD Slot LocationStarting with the glass panel unibody aluminum iMac desktop computers, Apple started including an SDHC card slot on the right-hand side of the machines located just below the SuperDrive CD/DVD burner opening.
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The slot remains on the latest Thunderbolt 3 Retina iMac Pro's as well. The 2021 iMac Pro slot was updated to support ultra-high-speed UHS-II SDXC cards with an extra row of pins.
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Introducing OLED TVs in 2021, Panasonic has also announced new LCD/LED TV series: JX940 (75, 65, 55 and 49 inches), JX850 (65, 58, 50 and 40 inches) and JX800 (65, 58, 50 and 40 inches). All new products have a 4K Ultra HD resolution and are equipped with different versions of the proprietary HCX processor. The two older series are equipped with My Home Screen 6.0, and the younger one uses Android TV. The voice assistant can be used directly via the new remote control with a microphone (rounded edges make the remote control ergonomic and easy to use).
Panasonic JX940 (JXW944 in some European countries, in some regions will be called JX970)-Panasonic's flagship 4K Ultra HD LCD TVs in 2021. They have an IPS-panel HDR Cinema Display Pro, are equipped with a new HCX Pro AI video processor, as well as HDMI 2.1 ports (some HDMI 2.1 features will require a firmware update) and support AMD Freesync Premium. The TV is equipped with Dolby Vision IQ and HDR10+ Adaptive. Intelligent Clear Motion technology smooths out dynamic scenes for flicker-free viewing. The JX940 series also features a groundbreaking version of Panasonic's flexible stand design to allow the soundbar to be mounted. The integrated Cinema Surround Sound Plus sound system supports Dolby Atmos. With the Dual Bluetooth Audio Link, you can connect two Bluetooth devices to the TV independently (for example, headphones).
The mid-range JX850 (JXW854) series is largely a compromise between price and the stripped-down features of the older line. A simpler panel is used (HDR Bright Panel Plus), the HCX AI image processor is here without the Pro console, Game Mode in the normal version (without Extreme), and there is no support for Dolby Vision IQ. But HDR10+ Adaptive and built-in acoustics with Dolby Atmos support are left.
The Panasonic JX800 models on the Android TV platform stand out (in Germany and some other European countries, the JXW834 marking has already been confirmed). These are simple 4K LCD TVs that inherit Panasonic's first Android TV sets (HX700 series), offering models with a diagonal of 40, 50, 58 and 65 inches. Inside is an HDR Bright Panel Plus and an HCX processor, also supported by HDR10+ Adaptive. For gamers, there is only ALLM, and VRR and [email protected] Hz are not offered. The JX800 will actually be the only Panasonic line-up where you'll find a Disney+ online movie theater and other optional streaming services (Panasonic's My Home Screen 6.0 is offered with a more limited set of apps compared to Android TV).
All Panasonic 2021 LCD TVs will go on sale in the first half of 2021, there is no price information yet.
The website 3d-hd. club contains only the best 3d movies in Blu Ray and SBS formats


Wireless Power Transmitter with PD and 15W Applications
The CV90335 is a wireless power transmitter controller that integrates all required functions for the WPC “Qi” compliant wireless power transmitter design.which supports various adapters such as PD2.0, PD3.0, QC2.0, QC3.0, AFC and so on.Compliance with the latest WPC V1.2 standard, support MP-A11 coil,support customer coil customized solution, support BPP 5W, Apple 7.5W, Samsung 10W, EPP 15W charging.
The CV90335 has Integrated over voltage protection, over current protection, over temperature protection and other functions, and supports FOD detection.
The CV90335 is a QFN40 package, and integrates full bridge drive circuit and voltage & current communication decoding function
module, which can significantly reduce PCB size and BOM cost.
- WPC 1.2.4 compatible
20kB Multiple-time programmable (MTP) non-volatile memory for expanded feature
Power transfer up to 15W
Support 2 equipment wireless charging at the same time
Integrated drivers for external power MOSFETs
Integrated voltage and current sense amplifier
Real-time foreign object detection (FOD)
Over-current and over-temperature protection
Programming the LED instructions required by the customer
Supports I2C interface
-40 to +85℃ambient operating temperature range
BPP and EPP wireless charging pads
Android fast charging pads
Up to 7.5W charging for iPhones


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AIRTIES - 4920
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AIRTIES MESH TECHNOLOGY
Traditionally Wi-Fi signals originates only from a home wireless router, which is located close to the location where your broadband connection is. It is a known fact that Wi-Fi signals weaken when they go through walls and ceilings. You will most likely experience slow download speed or even no connection when you try to access Internet from locations that are away from your main wireless router.
AirTies is changing the way Wi-Fi signals are distributed throughout the home. As Wi-Fi specialists, AirTies make small and sleek Wireless Access Points, which you can easily install in multiple locations in your home, boost signals and speed up Wi-Fi. AirTies Premium Wi-Fi Technology establishes a wireless mesh network between AirTies Wi-Fi Access Points that connect to each other without requiring any cabling between them. That way, Wi-Fi signals originate from multiple hot spots so that every wireless mobile or portable device receives much stronger signal wherever they are.
BAND STEERING TECHNOLOGY
AirTies Access Points are dual band capable, i.e. they provide Wi-Fi service in both 2.4 and 5 GHz frequency bands simultaneously. That way, 2.4 GHz only or 2.4 and 5 GHz dual band wireless devices can connect the Wi-Fi network wherever they are. However it is up to the wireless device to choose which frequency band to use in order to access Internet.
Unfortunately wireless devices cannot always make the right decision; dual band capable devices usually choose 2.4 GHz band which is low speed and interference prone compared to 5 GHz. AirTies Band Steering technology makes sure that every dual band capable device connect to 5 GHz which is much faster and almost interference free.
O SINAL WIFI PERFEITO PELA CASA INTEIRA
Banda 2ghz e 5ghz (Dupla) automática
While streaming HD videos over 5GHz with the super-fast 802.11ac technology, Air4920 also provides the best possible wireless performance for all your legacy wireless devices over 2.4GHz – at the same time from Air 4920!
User Friendly: Configuration at the Touch of a Button
Push the WPS Button on the Air 4920 to securely configure the device on the wireless network. Add more access points and extend the network the same way.
Smallest Dual Band AC1600 Wireless Booster
Ergonomically designed, with a 10×10,8 cm small form factor, takes up minimum space.
100% Wireless Coverage in the home
Delivering reliable, 100% wireless coverage range in every home top to bottom, back to front has long posed a major challenge for many service providers. AirTies Mesh was designed to optimize wireless coverage range in the least invasive and most power efficient manner. By stringing together a series of small, low-power, and smart access points, Mesh ensures 100% wireless coverage in any home.
Auto Mesh increases the efficiency of air time and is particularly beneficial for real time wireless video distribution. It utilizes “per-packet” routing via the most direct path from “server” (which may be the Internet, or another mesh point such as a IP Video box) to each client. In this way, the wireless network map is completely fluid and flexible, never using potentially wasteful static routes. It constantly reevaluates clients, applications and data flows to maximize wireless network capabilities.
Porque não podemos assistir conteúdos em qualquer cômodo ou dispositivo?
- Crescimento em visualização de conteúdos em dispositivos móveis
- 77% dos consumidores usam dispositivos móveis enquanto assistem TV (Google)
- Dispositivos móveis possuem uma Interface de Usuário aprimorada para navegar e socializar
- Qualidade de Wi-Fi, qualidade de vídeo assim como alta disponibilidade para VOD
- No Wi-FI convencional, todo o tráfego de internet ou entre dispositivos utilizam de um unico AP (access Point)
- Sinais RF em 5GHz são propensos a absorção por barreiras reduzindo seu level de sinal
- Links lentos diminuem a capacidade da rede
- Wi-Fi vizinhos causam interferência


Professor, apologies for the confusion. I just want to confirm for the flow analysis, we only look at TCP and UDP flows only.
From the post above, it’s stated:
We want to know the portion of all IP flows that are TCP or UDP. Count the total number of IP flows, and then report which portion are UDP and which portion are TCP
However the project handout states that a flow is defined as only TCP and UDP:
To analyze flows, you need to reconstruct flows. We only define TCP and UDP flows. We define a set of packets as a flow if they have the same source IP, destination IP, source port, destination port, protocol, and the maximum packet inter‐arrival time between those packets is not more than 90 minutes.
The last answer in this thread also states:
Also note that source port and destination port are only defined for TCP and UDP packets
Does this not imply then that we only look at TCP and UDP flows since we need the source port and destination port to correctly identify a flow? Just wondering where this part fits in:
Count the total number of IP flows, and then report which portion are UDP and which portion are TCP
I was assuming the total (ie. all flows) meant UDP flows + TCP flows, but it looks like this is not the case from the answer above. Would it be possible to get some clarification on the meaning of “all flows”?


Smart contracts are simply programs with self-executing lines of code that perform a specific function. This allows users and applications to push arbitrary code to the Blockchain by using transactions. A smart contract can hold both state and funds/tokens (DJTX, ETH, LINK etc) on the ledger. In other words, smart contracts can be seen as a state machine running in the Blockchain with a public address where we can push or pull the state. The transactions we use to push the arbitrary code in the blockchain can pass both funds and data.
To generalise, smart contracts are used for two main purposes:
- Hold funds and state, which are stored in the Blockchain under the contract's address
- Run logic or code that can perform actions using those funds or update the contract itself.
Compared to the traditional contracts, smart contracts enable users to codify their agreements and trust relations by providing automated transactions without the supervision of a central authority, or a need for a third-party intermediary.
From an implementation standpoint, a Virtual Machine is something that runs the byte code in the Blockchain. Each node in a blockchain network runs an instance of this virtual machine ready to execute any arbitrary code pushed to it.
Smart contracts today are an integral element of DeFi, enabling a wide variety of complex financial transactions to be carried out with speed and efficiency. The benefits of smart contracts specially through the decentralized finance spectrum, simply outmatch the traditional banking institutions.
Dijets Utility Chain and Smart Contracts#
The Utility Chain is one of Dijets Ternary Chain ledgers. As an instance of Ethereum Virtual Machine the Utility Chain offers increased scalability and interoperability while still being compatible with all the Ethereum Tools. Dijets Ternary Chain Ledger system is built to deliver high performance, extreme scaling capabilities, fast confirmation times, and affordability unlike any other platform today. We believe that by making smart contracts cheaper, faster, and more scalable, Dijets can alleviate some of the biggest roadblocks developers are faced with today and unlock the true potential of this wonderful technology.
Dijets enables developers to build and deploy Solidity-compatible dApps, launch custom blockchains with individual rule-sets, and trade digital assets faster than it was ever possible before. With Dijets Utility Chain developers can utilise a network with increased scalability and interoperability all the while being able to continue using the tools they are familiar with.


Hardware Multithreading A multithreading processor is able to pursue two or more threads of control in parallel within the processor pipeline. The contexts of two or more threads are often stored in separate on-chip register sets. Formally speaking, CMT(Chip Multi Threading),. Cooperative multithreading, in which context switching is controlled by the thread. This could lead to problems, such as deadlocks, if a thread is blocked waiting for a resource to become free. The 32- and 64-bit versions of Windows use pre-emptive multithreading in which the available processor time is shared such that all the threads get an equal time slice and are serviced in a queue-based. Hardware multithreading 1. Hardware Multithreading Coarse-grained Fine-grained Simultaneous 2. Coarse- grained multithreading • Single thread runs until a costly stall - E.g. 2nd level cache miss • Another thread starts during stall for first - Pipeline fill time requires several cycles I'm reading Multithreading (computer architecture) - Wiki, aka hardware threading, and I'm trying to understand the second paragraph: (p2): Where multiprocessing systems include multiple complete processing units in one or more cores, multithreading aims to increase utilization of a single core by using thread-level parallelism, as well as instruction-level parallelism
A hardware thread is a physical CPU or core. So, a 4 core CPU can genuinely support 4 hardware threads at once - the CPU really is doing 4 things at the same time.. One hardware thread can run many software threads. In modern operating systems, this is often done by time-slicing - each thread gets a few milliseconds to execute before the OS schedules another thread to run on that CPU Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) is a technique for improving the overall efficiency of superscalar CPUs with hardware multithreading.SMT permits multiple independent threads of execution to better utilize the resources provided by modern processor architecture Hardware multithreading is common in personal computers (most Intel x86 systems support two threads per core), servers (POWER7, 4 threads per core; SPARC T5, 8 threads per core; SPARC64 VII+, 2 threads per core; Itanium 9500, 2 threads per core; and Intel's x86), network processors (commonly with 4 threads per core), and even the earlier version of Intel's Atom (2 threads per core), but. Hardware multithreading is a well-known technique to in-crease the utilization of processor resources. However, most studies have focused on superscalar processor organi-zations. This paper analyzes which type of hardware mul-tithreading is most suitable for a VLIW architecture an Hardware Multithreading - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. The complete presentation on hardware multithreading for the ppt for computer architecture
What is Multi-Threading / Multi-Threaded Hardware? Definition of Multi-Threading / Multi-Threaded Hardware: Multi-threading computers have hardware support to efficiently execute multiple threads. The goal of multi-threading hardware support is to allow quick switching between a blocked thread and another thread ready to run Blocked Multithreading 2 Basic idea: - Recall multi-tasking: on I/O a process is context-switched out of the processor by the OS - With multithreading a thread/process is context-switched out of the pipeline by the hardware on longer-latency operations process 1 running system call for I/O OS interrupt handler running I/O completion Process Computer Architecture: Multithreading Prof. Onur Mutlu (Editted by Seth) Carnegie Mellon University Multithreading (Outline) Multiple hardware contexts Purpose Initial incarnations CDC 6600 HEP Levels of multithreading Fine-grained (cycle-by-cycle) Coarse grained (multitasking) Switch-on-event Simultaneous Uses: traditional + creative (now that we have multipl
Thus, it's possible that multithreaded deferred rendering may result in a longer total rendering time than single-threaded immediate rendering. 3. The hardware acceleration significantly benefits to DirectX 11 multithreading performance. The drive load accounts for a notable portion of the overall rendering load (Figure 12) . Multithreading allows you to increase the responsiveness of your application and, if your application runs on a multiprocessor or multi-core system, increase its throughput. Processes and threads. A process is an executing program. An operating system uses processes to separate the applications that are being executed Learn about thread and multithreading. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later Multithreading computers have hardware support to efficiently execute multiple threads.These are distinguished from multiprocessing systems (such as multi-core systems) in that the threads must all operate in the same address space, as there is only one shared set of CPU cache s and one translation lookaside buffer (TLB). As a result, multithreading can only take advantage of parallelism.
. The activated thread count per CPU type can be changed only if multithreading is enabled. The effective maximum threads value is the maximum number of threads any CPU type can use given the MAX_THREADS setting requested on the MULTITHREADING statement, hardware limits and software limits With advances in hardware technology, it is now common to have multi-core machines. Applications can take advantage of these architectures and have a dedicated CPU run each thread. Why use multithreading? With the introduction of multiple cores, multithreading has become extremely important in terms of the efficiency of your application Multithreading appears in hardware architectures. Specialized workloads suggest novel silicon allocations in servers and supercomputers. In the past, silicon area budgets did not allow register files large enough to accommodate multiple threads awaiting execution, although software multithreading has been common in operating systems for years Hardware Multithreading A multithreading processor is able to pursue two or more threads of control in parallel within the processor pipeline. The contexts of two or more threads are often stored in separate on-chip register sets
Benefits of Multithreading. Responsiveness; Resource sharing, hence allowing better utilization of resources. Economy. Creating and managing threads becomes easier. Scalability. One thread runs on one CPU. In Multithreaded processes, threads can be distributed over a series of processors to scale. Context Switching is smooth Multithreading operations facilitates to fulfill these objectives and Java programming inherently provides multithread facilities in the coding and it is easy to create and manage multiple threads in Java. Recommended Articles. This is a guide to Multithreading in Operating System
With the newly released 8th Generation CPUs from Intel, one feature has gone missing from the Core i3 models: Hyper-Threading (HT). For example, the new Intel i3-8100 features 4 physical cores and 4 threads, whereas the previous generation's i3-7100 featured 2 physical cores and 4 threads. What is Hyper-Threading, and is it any different from [ Multithreading and multicontexting are powerful tools for enhancing the performance of BEA Tuxedo applications-given the appropriate circumstances. Before embarking on a plan to use these techniques, however, it is important to understand potential benefits and pitfalls Hyper-Threading is Intel's term for simultaneous multithreading (SMT). This is a process where a CPU splits each of its physical cores into virtual cores, which are known as threads Multithreading Design Choices 6.823, L23-12 • Fine-grained multithreading - Context switch among threads every cycle • Coarse-grained multithreading - Context switch among threads every few cycles, e.g., on: » Function unit data hazard, »L1 msis, »L2 msis • Why choose one style over another? • Choice depends o Request PDF | Hardware Multithreaded Transactions | Speculation with transactional memory systems helps pro- grammers and compilers produce profitable thread-level parallel programs. Prior work.
The multithreading paradigm has become more popular as efforts to further exploit instruction-level parallelism have stalled since the late 1990s. Before i explain about Multithreading, first i. When I started studying C++ multithreading I was feeling confused and lost. The complexity of the program was blooming (yes, like a beautiful flower), the non-deterministic behavior of concurrency.
Unfortunately, existing hardware is inflexible and is at best on the level of a Load Linked/Store Conditional operation on a single word. Building Abstract - Cited by 695 (14 self) - Add to Simultaneous multithreading is a technique that permits multiple independent threads to issue multiple instructions each cycle A Study of hardware/software multithreading by Ryan L. Carlson, unknown edition
Software and hardware multithreading pdf Presented in the thesis to real-world problems of software and hardware. Other software and hardware functions, and 3 multithreaded execution of multi.chine, demonstrating that software controlled multithreading can indeed provide a benefit in the presence of hardware support Suijkerbuijk, S ; Juurlink, BHH. / Implementing hardware multithreading in a VLIW processor.Parallel and distributed computing and systems, proceedings of the 17th IASTED international. editor / SQ Zheng Hardware Multithreading Conventional Processor PC regs CPU PC m regs PC regs PC regs Multithreaded Sunday, March 3, 13. Superscalar (vs Superpipelined) (multiple instructions in the same stage, same CR as scalar) (more total stages, faster clock rate) Sunday, March 3, 13. Dean Tullsen Superscalar Executio Having said that, if anyone knows a reason I should definitely go one way or the other that's not necessarily to do with multithreading I'd appreciate knowing that too. On a side note for graphics I'll probably go GeForce (I know Quadro are supposed to be better and all that but I've always found them less stable in Rhino), but if anyone knows better I'm all ears
Multithreading does not work well on CPU heavy tasks. The red bar chart shows regardless of how many threads are used, the total time spent is constantly around 10 seconds. Multiprocessing is effective over CPU heavy tasks, however, it reaches a plateau under hardware limits Rendering is usually the main performance bottleneck of PC games on the CPU; multithreaded rendering is an effective way to eliminate the bottleneck. This article investigates the performance scalability of DirectX* 11 multithreaded rendering, discusses two basic methods for multithreaded rendering, and introduces the case of traditional multithreading deferred shading pipelines in a large. Multithreading computer central processing units have hardware support to efficiently execute multiple threads. These are distinguished from multiprocessing systems (such as multi-core systems) in that the threads have to share the resources of a single core: the computing units, the CPU caches and the translation lookaside buffer (TLB)
hardware | multithreaded | In context|computing|lang=en terms the difference between hardware and multithreaded is that hardware is (computing) the part of a computer that is fixed and cannot be altered without replacement or physical modification; motherboard, expansion cards, etc compare software while multithreaded is (computing) of a programming language, able to produce such programs makes context switching simple & fast, just change a hardware pointer to use a different set of registers, in one clock cycle; coarse-grained multithreading: on a cache miss during Load/Store, switch to a different thread and continue fetching/executing other instructions Multithreading become so important that hardware vendors have al-ready implemented it in their commercial architectures, Pentium 4 Xeon is a good example. More details of multithreading will come in Chapter 2, and Chapter 3 will discuss some issues extended from multithreading Prozessoren mit hardwareseitigem Multithreading (auch mehrfädige Prozessoren genannt) können auf jedem Prozessorkern parallel mehrere Prozesse, d. h. mehrere Programme oder Programmteile gleichzeitig ausführen. Der Nutzen besteht in einer besseren Auslastung der Rechenwerke jeder CPU und in einer schnelleren Antwort des Gesamtsystems auf externe Ereignisse, da mehr Aufgaben parallel. effective is multithreading with hardware support, of which there are many flavors including fine-grain multi- threading, coarse-grained multithreading 1 ], and simu[ l
Multithreading is the ability of a program or an operating system process to manage its use by more than one user at a time and to even manage multiple requests by the same user without having to have multiple copies of the programming running in the computer. Central processing units have hardware support to efficiently execute multiple threads Hardware Multithreading and Its Implications Date: December 22, 2015 Author: Shalaka 2 Comments Over the years, I have been part of many discussions with different customers, on exactly how the hardware threading differs across different processor architectures Multiprogramming - A computer running more than one program at a time (like running Excel and Firefox simultaneously). Multiprocessing - A computer using more than one CPU at a time. Multitasking - Tasks sharing a common resource (like 1 CPU). Multithreading is an extension of multitasking.; 1. Multi programming - In a modern computing system, there are usually several concurrent. The main purpose of multithreading is to provide simultaneous execution of two or more parts of a program that can run concurrently. Threads are independent. If an exception occurs in one thread, it doesn't affect the others. Some multithreaded ap..
In my case, I came across the word multithreading many times. When I tried to gain an understanding of it through articles and documents, almost all the articles explained multithreading clearly but many authors couldn't explain how it is different, in fact, some authors specified it as it is completely asynchronous Hardware multithreading. Add to your list(s) Download to your calendar using vCal Dr Simon Moore; Wednesday 08 October 2008, 16:15-17:15; SS03, Computer Laboratory, William Gates Building.; If you have a question about this talk, please contact Prof Simon Moore.. Hardware for a multithreaded multiprocessor will be discussed
Simultaneous Multithreading By Steven Walton on July 29, 2019 Most Read. 48 comments. Top 10 Best MMOs. 41 HARDWARE UNBOXED Radeon RX 6800 GPUs arrive this week,. Microsoft Academi
Zheng Yu Adesina Adebola Ali Andrew Foti Matthew Chen Jessica Any Questions, Thoughts, Ideas or Brilliant Perceptions? DeadLock There can be a dilemma for using too many locks. Deadlocks occur when a condition in the program prevents a thread or multiple threads to unlock. The Hardware-supported multithreading is a means of utilizing the same processing resources for different execution contexts or threads . There are variations of this approach with different complexity and performance beneﬁts. In all cases, the fundamental support consists of multiple program counter However, multithreading remains one of the viable options in computer multitasking. It is not unusual for a processor to allow for both multithreading as well as the creation of new processes to handle various tasks. This allows the end user all the benefits of context switching while still making the best use of available resources By using multithreading, the developer would ensure that the web crawler is using as much of the hardware's capability as possible to download and index multiple pages at once. Based on just these two examples, we can see the breadth of functions in which concurrency can be advantageous
Multithreading is about running multiple threads within a single process. For example, it is likely that your media player runs multiple threads: Even a trivial assignment like x = 1 on some hardware might be composed of multiple atomic machine instructions,. Hardware multithreading is becoming a generally applied technique in the next generation of microprocessors. Several multithreaded processors are announced by industry or already into production in the areas of high-performance microprocessors, media, and network processors.A multithreaded processor is able to pursue two or more threads of control in parallel within the processor pipeline
Multithreading hardware (yes/no) Home. Programming Forum . Computer Science Forum . Discussion / Question . cwarn23 387 Occupation: Genius Team Colleague Featured Poster. 9 Years Ago. Hi, I was thinking of buying an 8 core Xeon 3.0GHz (16 threaded) cpu but still want more Chip multithreading (CMT) is a way to increase performance through parallel processing. It is the ability of the microprocessor to process multiple hardware threads of execution as well as process multiple software threads
Hardware Multithreading Coarse-grained Fine-grained Simultaneou I use C++14 as a reference, but what I describe is also supported in C++17 . I only cover common constructs. You should be able to write your own multithreaded programs after reading this Then we develope little programs as show-cases for multithreading: the dining-philosopher problem or the students in library simulation. Last chapter is about parallel computing and MapReduce. Section 1 - Multithreading Theory: theory behind multithreading. pros and cons of multithreading. life cycle of a thead. Section 2 - Threads Manipulation
Multithreading is depicted in the above diagram. As shown, there are multiple threads that are running concurrently inside an application. For example, a desktop application providing functionality like editing, printing, etc. is a multithreaded application. In this application, as printing is a background process, we can perform editing documents and printing documents concurrently by. It describes a wide variety of architectural and software design tradeoffs, as well as opportunities specific to multithreading architectures. Finally, it details a number of important commercial and academic hardware implementations of multithreading 1999 ©UCB Hardware Multithreading ° We need to develop a hardware multithreading technique because switching between threads in software is very time-consuming (Why?), so not suitable for main memory (instead of I/O) access, Ex: Multitasking ° Develop multiple PCs and register sets on the CPU so that thread switching can occur without having to store the register contents in main memory.


Inversiones Zeus LLC is a company dedicated to sales and Distribution of LED commercial, Industrial and residential lighting and electrical Supplies to these industries
On September 5, 2010 Inversiones Zeus LLC, began operations by their founders Mr. Daniel Mardini. and Ms. Guadalupe Martinez. We have many US and international representations, from which we are able to provide consumers with high quality products (UL and Energy Start certified) , positioning us as one of the leading companies in the LED industry.
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Paving the way for future space travel
Today sees the unveiling of Spaceship Neptune, a high-performance balloon and pressurised capsule we have designed for U.S-based Space Perspective.
The spaceship will fly passengers and research payloads to the edge of space, and is the culmination of a long-term collaboration with the team at Space Perspective.
Nigel Goode, Designer and Co-founder of PriestmanGoode says: “This is the only spaceship that is designed with the human experience at its core and will pave the way for the future of commercial space travel”.
The first un-crewed test flight is scheduled for early 2021.


(as of Jun 21,2021 08:11:17 UTC – Details)
Rock eDigital sells computers with upgraded configurations. If the computer has modifications (listed above), then the manufacturer box is opened for it to be tested and inspected and to install the upgrades to achieve the specifications as advertised.
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Catching Up on the Global Trend of 5G, Embracing the Greater Bay Area Development — CTM holds Media Lunch 2019
CTM, subsidiary of CITIC Telecom International, held the “CTM Media Lunch 2019” on March 27 2019 in Macau, invited the participation of the senior management and the reporters from local media. During the occasion, Vandy Poon, CEO of CTM presented an overall business performance of 2018. CTM played an active role in the development of the Greater Bay Area, including setting up a software development center in Zhuhai, opening a CTM data center in Hong Kong, expanding the data and content services by joining hands with Tencent and TVB respectively, as well as starting tests on the 5G network at the same pace as the neighbouring regions. All these efforts demonstrated CTM’s new development plan of “Serving Macau and the Bay Area”, which aimed at further integrating the resources of the Bay Area and further promoting the construction and development of “Digital Macau” as a smart city.
Before the lunch commenced, CTM has showcased several equipment and technology applications about 5G and Internet-of-things (IoT), including 5G terminal equipment, network equipment supporting SuperFast WiFi technology, high-speed wireless transmission VR equipment, network security solutions, etc., which demonstrated the determination of CTM to actively introduce 5G, IoT applications and promote more intelligent application and services.
Embracing the Bay Area Development through Infrastructure Enhancement and Diversified Application
Poon said in the speech that in 2018, with the full support of the major shareholder CITIC Telecom International, CTM shifted its focus to a variety of smart application services while further investing in infrastructure enhancement to the quality of the full fiber-optic network and 4G+ mobile network, expanding CTM’s Wi-Fi hotspot coverage, opening a CTM software development center in Zhuhai and a CTM data center in Hong Kong, and the development of the IoT applications. All these achievements fully demonstrated the remarkable results of CTM in popularising information technology and smart applications.
Catching up on the Global Trend of 5G in Tandem, Ushering into the “Digital Macau 2.0” Era
Poon said that the extensive applications of 5G network technology will lead to radical upgrades and transformations in various industries. Therefore, CTM’s 5G network construction and application research are tasks which brook no delay. CTM will seize the development opportunities brought by 5G and enhance “Digital Macau” in terms of breadth and depth so as to move into the blueprint for the development of “Digital Macau 2.0”. In the light of the adoption of the worldwide 5G standard in June 2018, CTM immediately launched the first phase of 5G network testing.
At the same time, CTM has established effective communication with the government on the 5G license and spectrum arrangements. CTM will strive to develop and launch 5G network services for Macau at the same pace as the neighbouring regions.
Upgrading and Transforming to Serve the Construction of Smart City, Engaging Stakeholders to Promote Smart Application Scenarios
According to Poon, “Digital Macau 2.0” is not a simple upgrade, but of a deeper and broader vision. With emerging new and proven technologies such as 5G communication technology, IoT applications, Big Data and artificial intelligence applications, CTM will embrace a “big integration era” in the next few years. High-speed wireless access, integration of fixed-line and mobile network, and massive connections will constitute a new type of network with added complexity, which is more challenging for telecom service providers. However, this also favors the development of the industry with an abundance of opportunities. In particular, by virtue of the integration of smart equipment, artificial intelligence technology and high-speed network, more industries and daily application scenarios will be further developed with enormous growth potential.
As a leading telecom service provider, CTM has made necessary adjustments and be well-positioned to keep in pace with market development by transforming into a smart city operator from integrated network service provider in the past and expanding its service offerings. With the motive of “Keeping a Foothold in Macau, Contributing to the Bay Area while Facing the International Market”, CTM is committed to implementing the Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area by working with all sectors in Macau, in order to develop Macau into a world-class tourism and leisure center and a commerce and trade cooperation service platform between China and Lusophone countries, to promoting an appropriately diversified economic development, as well as a base for exchange and cooperation featuring Chinese culture and coexistence of diverse cultures.
On the press conference, Poon and the Rector of University of Macau, Prof. Song Yonghua signed a collaboration agreement of 5G mobile technology . Based on the advantages in specified area, the two parties will join hands in the research and development of 5G mobile technology for Macau. Meanwhile, Poon signed an collaboration agreement with Mr. Stefan Kostic, CEO of Benefit Vantage Limited, a service provider on network security and data backup base in Hong Kong, to introduce IPification mobile authentication technology into Macau, envisage providing a safer and seamless experience of online payment in Macau.


We really like these complete solar kits as they take the guess work out of putting together your solar system. They have everything you need and it’s all made to work together.
We had this exact kit on our Monaco Vesta. It’s a great setup but if you are looking to keep high draw devices like a residential refrigerator going, you’ll want to check out this set up: 960 Watt All Electric Setup
You can see much more on this and other solar options on our solar page: https://www.gonewiththewynns.com/solar


Most modern spas have circuit boards located inside the equipment area, commonly referred to as the “spa pack”. The spa pack is essentially the brain of your spa. If you find you need to replace the circuit board, it is very important to make sure you replace it with the correct board.
Many boards look identical; however their software may be different. Following these very important tips will help guarantee that when your new circuit board arrives it will work great.
IMPORTANT: Many circuit boards look alike, but may not work in your spa. DO NOT order a replacement circuit board based on appearance. Circuit boards must be identified by a part number and/or chip number. Read below how to identify your chip number.
Do you need to replace your circuit board?
Depending on what’s wrong with your spa, different possibilities may exist causing the malfunction. It’s very important to identify the correct problem so you don’t waste money replacing parts that don’t need to be replaced. To get started, remove the cover on your spa pack.
- A good indicator that your circuit board may be bad is if you are not receiving power to an important piece of equipment such as the pump, blower, heater, etc.
- Checking voltage on the board will allow you to determine whether this is where you are losing power.
- If you look at the circuit board itself, there may be melted components, or burn marks.
If you are unsure that your circuit board is the issue, it is best to seek the help of a professional spa technician.
Replacing Your Circuit Board:
There are a number of companies that make hot tub circuit boards, and each may display the replacement information you need in a slightly different manner.
The information below will cover 3 of the most common brands, and will help you identify which replacement is correct for your spa:
Balboa spa packs have been used by many different spa manufacturers for years and are one of the most common. When replacing a Balboa board, you will need to find the “chip number”.
- The chip number is an alphanumeric number that you will find printed on a white label placed on a black chip on the board itself.
- Almost every chip number will end in a revision number. Examples are “R1A”, “R1B”, “REV. B’ or a similar combination.
- The chip number defines the software used between the topside control and circuit board, and will guarantee that the topside control and circuit board will work together.
HydroQuip, another circuit board industry leader, has made identifying the proper replacement board very easy. Each one of their boards has a part number on a large white label placed directly onto the circuit board. To properly identify the correct HydroQuip board, simply match the part number on the label.
To properly identify the correct replacement for a Gecko circuit board, you will need the “Model” and “Options” numbers. The Model and Options numbers are a series of alphanumeric numbers located on a label on the outside of your spa pack. Using these numbers to identify the correct board will guarantee a proper fit and operation.
If you have a circuit board made by a company not listed in this article, it is a good idea to get help from a professional. Getting the correct replacement board is important. Ordering a circuit board based on looks alone could end up being an expensive and time consuming mistake.
Finding Your Replacement
Once you have found your chip or part number, enter it in the search box. Your replacement board should display in the results.
If a corresponding board does not display, send an email to firstname.lastname@example.org and a technician will happily find the correct circuit board for you!
Once you receive the correct replacement board, it’s time to install it. Here are a few very important tips to keep in mind when installing your new circuit board:
- Always make sure the circuit breaker is off and the spa is unplugged before attempting any hot tub repairs.
- Take lots of photos of the old circuit board, paying special attention to where each wire is attached to the board, with a camera or your cell phone before you remove it. This will take the guesswork out of attaching all wires back to their proper location.
- Be very careful when handling the new circuit board. Most boards have a number of components soldered to them. Knocking one of them off can destroy the entire board.
- Using needle-nose pliers to remove the wires from the old board and to attach the wires to the new board will lessen the risk of damaging the wires.
- Make sure when installing your new circuit board that the jumpers and switchbanks are matched to the circuit board you are replacing to ensure proper hot tub function. Jumpers are small and can be hard to see, so make sure to take your time and find every jumper.
Electrical work around water can be especially dangerous. Make sure that when you’re replacing a circuit board (or any other electrical component) that the power is completely disconnected.
If you do not feel confident replacing the circuit board yourself, seek the help of a hot tub technician or licensed electrician.
Still have questions about finding the correct replacement or installing your new circuit board? Post a comment below!


IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2012
We will present our latest work on modelling the Internet routing at the IEEE ICC’2012, which is the flagship annual conference of the IEEE Communications Society.
Title: Valley-free violation in Internet routing – Analysis based on BGP Community data
Authors: Vasileios Giotsas and Shi Zhou
Abstract: The valley-free rule defines patterns of routing paths that allow the Internet Autonomous Systems (AS) to minimize their routing costs through selective announcement of BGP routes. The valley-free rule has been widely perceived as a universal property of the Internet BGP routing that is only violated due to transient configuration errors. Analysing the valley-free violations is important for a better understanding of BGP behaviour and inter-domain routing. This requires knowledge of the business relationships between ASes. The ground-truth data of AS relationships are not publicly available. Previous algorithms have inferred AS relationships based on the assumption that AS paths should be valley-free. Such inference results are biased and cannot provide an objective assessment of the valley-free rule. Instead we extract the AS relationships directly from routing polices encoded in the BGP Community attribute. We are able to extract the business relationship of more than 30% of AS links based on BGP data collected from the RouteViews and RIPE RIS repositories in June 2011. We use our inferred AS relationships to analyse the valley-free violations in BGP routing. We reveal that the non valley-free paths are significantly more frequent than previously reported. As many as one fifth of AS paths in IPv6 BGP updates are valley paths. A substantial portion of these valley paths are persistent during the whole month of measurement. These observations strongly indicate that the valley paths are not merely a result of BGP misconfigurations. Instead they are the outcome of complex business relationships and deliberate policies by ASes using distinct unconventional models.


The key programmer and IMMO bypass (2 in 1) for FIAT 500X and JEEP RENEGADE with Keyless Go system
Key programmer mode
The device will program new blank key with Keyless Go/Proximity function to FIAT 500X and JEEP RENEGADE for the moment. All you need is our special device and one new blank key and in few seconds the key will be programmed. The whole procedure is done via OBD II and works till 2018 year.
ATTENTION! The device program ONLY Keyless Go keys but not normal ones for the two models for now
IMMO bypass mode
- Identification of the control unit via OBD2
- Read and process the immobilizer data via OBD2
- Send the signal to the BCM of the processed immobilizer data via OBD2
- Start the engine
ATTENTION! Switching between the specified modes is automatic
Device is sold only for official use. If you use it for any illeagal purposes, this is your own responsibility!
|Availability||Warehouse in Bulgaria|
|Автомобили||FIAT, JEEP, JEEP||Renegade|
The key programmer and IMMO bypass (2 in 1) for FIAT 500X and JEEP RENEGADE with Keyless Go system reviews
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I3DS project awarded for space robotics solutions
The I3DS project on Space Robotics Technologies, implemented by an international consortium, which includes the PIAP Institute and Hertz Systems, won the Stars of Europe award.
The I3DS project on Space Robotics Technologies, implemented by an international consortium, which includes the PIAP Institute and Hertz Systems, was granted a prestigious award. On December 11, 2019 in Paris the project financed under the H2020 program “Per Aspera” won a Stars of Europe award with the French Minister of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Frédérique Vidal, in attendance.
Suite of sensors developed in the I3DS project will serve future space servicing and exploration missions. Completed in February 2019, the project was conducted as part of the Strategic Research Cluster “Per Aspera”, which was joined by Poland several months ago. The project was particularly tasked with developing a sensor technology for future space servicing missions involving the interception, repair and refuelling of satellites in Earth orbit. This technology may also be deployed in autonomous missions aimed in exploration the surface of the Mars or Moon. The suite of sensors includes, among others, cameras fitted with light or laser flashes, designed to take measurements in the visible or infrared bandwidths, along with ground aids. The project is coordinated by Thales Alenia Space.
Stand for testing a suite of sensors for orbital robotics prepared by the PIAP team.
A team of Polish scientists from the PIAP Institute was responsible for developing sensors, measuring forces and moments, necessary for satellite docking operation. The engineering and technical staff from the PIAP was also responsible for mechanical and electrical integration of the sensor suite provided by consortium partners and supporting test activities for the robotic platform. The project outcomes developed by the PIAP Institute have been submitted for commercialization by the daughter company PIAP Space. The Polish company Hertz Systems from Zielona Góra operating within the consortium provided a radar prototype for the satellite docking system.
– We are pleased that just a few months after completing the I3DS project, it won such an important award. This award confirms the high implementation potential of the developed solutions. Our daughter company PIAP Space is responsible for adapting and certifying prototypes from the I3DS project, developed at PIAP Institute, according to the requirements of commercial missions. The PIAP Institute consistently strives to implement its latest deliverables to various sectors of the economy. The Stars of Europe award reassures us that we have chosen the right path many years ago – says the director of ŁUKASIEWICZ – PIAP Institute prof. Piotr Szynkarczyk.


EX1600EQ – 2 Ohms
Out of stock
Stetsom EX1600EQ – 2 Ohms – Full Range Brazilian Amplifier.
1 Year Warranty on United States.
EXPORT LINE STETSOM: A line for export products that will please the world and Brazil.
Designed for those seeking high performance and fidelity sound in automotive amplifiers with what is most innovative in electronic components.
Performance to charm!
EX1600 EQ features:
– Equalizer with three bands: BASS, MID BASS, MID HIGH beyond traditional resources Level, High Pass and Low Pass.
Bass EQ: -10dB to + 10dB
EQ Mid-Bass: -10dB to + 10dB
EQ Mid-High: -10dB to + 10dB
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS EX1600EQ – 2 Ohms
|FEATURES||EX 1600 EQ – 2 OHMS|
|Number of Channels||1|
|RMS Power at 2 Ohm 12.6V||1600W RMS|
|RMS Power at 4 Ohm 12.6V||900W RMS|
|RMS Power at 2 Ohm 14.4V||1700W RMS|
|RMS Power at 4 Ohm 14.4V||1000W RMS|
|Supply Voltage||9,5 ~ 15V|
|Frequency Response||10Hz ~25KHz|
|Crossover Low Pass||50Hz ~25KHz|
|Crossover High Pass||10Hz ~700Hz|
|Signal to Noise||> 90 dB|
|Harmonic Distortion||< 0,9 % THD|
|Input Impedance||26K OHMS|
|Impedance Output||2 OHMS|
|Consumption with Signal Musical||1,6A ~75A|
|Consumption with Signal Bass||1,6A ~150A|
|Dimensions (H x W x D) mm||75 x 310 x 170 mm|
|Weight Kg||2,0 Kg|
You can see videos, full product datasheet on Stetsom Official Site.
|Dimensions||12 × 10 × 6 in|


LCD splicing screen application industry
Issuing time:2019-11-20 16:48
Nowadays, under the background of low carbon economy, energy saving and environmental protection, LCD splicing technology has developed rapidly. With the development of China's urbanization process and the popularity of smart cities, the application field of LCD splicing screen has been continuously expanded. Now, it has covered many industries such as entertainment, security, radio and television, advertising and so on, providing technology and product support for LCD splicing large screen for different fields.
Special-shaped splicing. JPG
First, video surveillance applications
Video surveillance is used in many places, such as the Public Security Bureau, traffic police brigade, supervision bureau, and so on. As long as the monitoring screen on the LCD splicing screen can monitor traffic information in real time, without personnel to patrol, so as to save manpower.
Second, exhibition application
LCD splicing screen is also commonly used in the exhibition, customers through the LCD splicing screen to show what to sell, what this thing is used for, what benefits and other information can be displayed through the LCD splicing screen.
Although the LCD splicing screen is widely used in these four industries, it also has a place in other industries. After all, LCD splicing screen display advantages and civilian price is a big boost to its market development.
In recent years, the application of LCD splicing screen in business is more and more extensive. As soon as you walk into the mall, you can know what you want to buy through the information on the LCD splicing screen. You can also see what categories have discounts today, which is convenient and time-saving and attracts customers
Fourth, the application of LCD splicing screen in conference
The meeting through the LCD splicing wall display system for video conference in the application of accept network video communication face to face communication and work report, can also realize, voice, video, images of the flexible display, to a certain extent, can arouse the enthusiasm of the representatives of sensory perception, greatly improving the effect of the meeting.


Through holographic projection technology, the effect can be directly suspended in midair without any screen or medium, and it is displayed in three-dimensional images from any angle, and has a vivid three-dimensional display effect.
Holographic display cabinets are mainly divided into three types:
180 degree holographic display cabinet,
270 degree holographic display cabinet
360 degree holographic display cabinet.
Advantages of Holographic Exhibition Cabinet
The form is novel: Compared with the traditional flat display method, the holographic display cabinet can see the stereoscopic 3D display effect, giving a visual impact.
Information display: Through the holographic display cabinet, the appearance, structure and function of the product can be clearly displayed to increase the product’s goodness.
Increased popularity: holographic display cabinets can give viewers a new visual impact, stimulate the audience’s desire to explore, and can play a role in gathering the popularity of the site and deepening the impression of visitors.
Flexible installation: The holographic display cabinet can be customized according to the actual needs of the user. The installation is not restricted by the environment and can be stored permanently in various places.


One of the world’s greatest sources of renewable energy, solar energy is clean, plentiful and easy to collect. At a time when global warming and the buildup of carbon monoxide are of grave concern, solar energy can be an invaluable solution to help protect our planet.
Benefits of Solar Energy
- Free Source of Energy – With the exception of the initial installation and maintenance, this type of energy is free. Unlike other types of energy, solar energy requires no raw materials.
- Does not Emit Greenhouse Gases – Produced by radiation from the sun, solar energy does not produce any pollution, gas or chemical by-products.
- Self-Reliance – Solar energy helps communities in sunny areas become self-reliant. This ability to produce electricity off the grid is especially useful for people who live in rural areas where the cost of installing power lines and maintaining power can be costly.
- Produces Jobs – One of the most advantageous features of solar energy is that it produces new jobs. The jobs come in many forms including jobs regarding solar energy power, development, research and design, developing and maintaining solar panels and more.
- Does not Destroy Eco-Systems – Solar energy does not rely on raw materials so it does not result in the destruction of eco-systems and forests that can occur with many other fossil fuel operations.
- Solar energy is quiet
- The power cells require little maintenance and can last a lifetime
Solar Energy Disadvantages
- Inefficient – Solar energy is inefficient because it takes sunlight to run it. This means that energy must either be store or gotten elsewhere at night.
- Bulkiness – Solar panels are bulky, especially the traditional silicon wafer models. These are large solar panels covered in glass.
- Cost – The cost of installing solar power is high. Even though the energy is free, the upfront costs of installation are expensive.
There are two categories of solar energy systems, active and passive. An active solar system involves the active use of technology to collect the energy of the sun with the help of solar panels and solar hot water systems. This includes using photovoltaic (PV) cells to capture the sun.
A passive solar system uses the heat and the light from the sun for heating, lighting and cooling. Passive solar systems are especially useful if you are building a new house and can design it from the start to use the power of the sun. Older homes can also be remodeled to uses passive heating and cooling.
How a Solar Panel Works
PV cells are made of conductors such as silicon. When light strikes the cell, some of it is absorbed into the silicon. This energy knocks the protons loose and allows them to flow freely. These PV cells feature at least one electric field that forces the electrons to flow in a specified direction. This flow, known as a current can be drawn by placing metal contacts on either side of the PV cell. On a small scale, think of a solar powered calculator. This is how the mechanism works inside of the calculator and the basics on how a solar panel performs its job.


There are four very practical reasons that people invest in smart house technologies. In no particular order, these are:
- Convenience – smart homes can help to simplify complex tasks, or to automate them completely.
- Security – using sensors and communications technologies, homes can be carefully and constantly monitored from anywhere.
- Comfort – climate and lighting systems can be automatically adjusted according to the time of day, the outside temperature or your individual mood.
- Efficiency – Smart homes can control when things turn on and off, and keep track of exactly where and how much energy is used in your home.


A very simple FileHandler which display some basic format information of WAVE and MP3 audio files and provides a display of the wave form for a subset of the possible formats. It directly displays the data from disk without loading the entire file into memory. Interactivity is thus somewhat reduced but this approach allows a quick introspection of even huge music files.
A simple way to play back the audio is provided if the system supports output of the loaded sound. This might not be the case for multi channel audio such as surround sound if no such hardware is present.
Double clicking into the wave display will set the playback cursor to that location and playback will start from there. If the CTRL key is pressed while double clicking, this will add a marker at the clicked position. The previous and next buttons of the player will then move the playback cursor onto these marked positions.
Selection of a range works by holding the SHIFT key while clicking the mouse in the following way: a single click (+SHIFT) will extend an existing selection or create a new one from the playback cursor position. Double clicking (+SHIFT) will select the range delimited by the surrounding markers. Double click while simultaneously pressing SHIFT and CTRL will clear the selection.
Using the mouse wheel on the wave display will zoom in and out and attempts to keep the sample under the cursor at that position.
Click and drag in the wave display will move the displayed section into the direction of the movement.
Limited support for CUE sheet files is provided: only single file CUE sheets which reference a WAVE or MP3 audio file in the same directory are allowed. This will load the audio from the specified file and add markers for all the indices found for all tracks in the CUE sheet file. This allows to jump to the beginning of each track (resp. index) with the previous/next buttons and to select an entire track by pressing SHIFT and double clicking into its audio range.