More and more companies prefer to cooperate online. While board meetings used to be held in stuffy rooms, technology now allows companies to host virtual board meetings with the help of the board portal. It is especially useful for remote or distributed teams that may not always work in the same room.
Board portal for efficient board meetings
The use of digital technologies in corporate governance and the structuring of electronic information increases the corporation’s efficiency, optimizes business processes, and promotes efficient and efficient interaction of corporation members among themselves and third parties. In addition, video conferencing technology in corporate governance is a relevant and promising way of interaction between corporation members.
Most video conferencing software addresses a basic problem: how can users quickly and easily connect to a network to meet, share information, and collaborate? After that, platforms can provide a wide range of capabilities, but they all build on the same core functionality. Using video conferencing software, users can expect to be able to schedule or start video conferences quickly, invite users, send out calendar invitations, and then manage online meetings in real-time. Therefore, board software is a leading solution among collegial bodies for organizing efficient online board meetings.
The board portal is a digital platform based on blockchain technology that offers helpful tools for virtual collaboration, secure file-sharing, and a data repository for the boards of directors. This management system is a perfect solution for safe and productive board collaboration. When using it, all members work in the same environment, can exchange confidential information, set tasks, execute and control them, and plan and monitor results. In addition, the software allows Chairman to observe the overall picture of what is happening in the organization in real-time.
Board portal development automates the organization of meetings and the processing of their results. In particular, the solution will ensure the storage of minutes and the assignment of tasks following the results of the meetings. Furthermore, the system is integrated into an e-mail and allows the boards and secretaries to monitor the implementation of protocols and instructions online. All this will reduce employees’ time organizing meetings and the possibility of information loss.
Voting in the board software
Blockchain technology is an accessible distributed database that records information about all transactions made by system participants. The main purpose of introducing blockchain technology into the voting process is to solve the problem of the involvement of board members in managing it, as well as to reduce the costs associated with holding the board meeting. Unlike the traditional voting form, voting in the board software does not require the personal participation of shareholders and board members in the meeting. Instead, they can take part in it remotely by using their accounts on the Internet.
The voting process on the board portal is running as follows:
- the formation of the agenda of the board meeting;
- uploading issues included in the agenda of the meeting to the blockchain;
- notification of board members about the date and time of voting;
- issuance of tokens (“voice coins”) by the number of shares in the corporation and distribution in the relevant parts among shareholders by crediting to an electronic wallet;
- voting – the direction by the shareholders of the tokens distributed by them to other electronic wallets, denoting respectively “for,” “against,” “abstained”;
- summing up the voting results.
Blockchain technology in electronic voting will improve corporate governance mechanisms by creating an effective, trustworthy, immutable, and verifiable voting system that ensures transparency and increases interaction with shareholders and board members.


Super Protocol, a Web3 private computing provider that uses Intel® SGX technology has announced the creation of a whitelist for projects and providers interested in participating in its testnet launch (planned for the second half of June).
It’s easy to lose out on actual improvements in blockchain infrastructure, even those that are designed to bring huge innovations to the Web3 cosmos, such as Super Protocol, when news about NFTs and quickly expanding cryptocurrency attacks is at the forefront. The Super Protocol team has established the basic foundation for deploying a test network in less than a year and now invites Web3 developers to introduce real decentralization to their apps.
Super Protocol overcomes a critical problem: without total data confidentiality, while it is being processed, decentralized cloud computing is useless. Super Protocol establishes a marketplace where clients seeking trustless decentralized computing resources can meet hardware providers (who use Intel® SGX to create a trusted execution environment). Training a proprietary machine-learning algorithm, for example.
SP is able to provide secure computing to millions of users and a variety of projects thanks to its ability to run on both Ethereum and Polygon.
With their cloud computing goods and services, AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud earn tens of billions of dollars. With so many businesses and individuals using Web3, there is a huge market demand for computing to be moved away from centralized suppliers.
Michael Blank, Chief Operating Officer at Polygon Studios said: “Super Protocol’s vision of a global, decentralized computing network aligns perfectly with Polygon’s aims of applying innovative Web3 technologies in a trustless manner. It is the very type of service that blockchain was created to deliver, and by building on Polygon Super Protocol’s goals of lowering the cost of cloud computing while preventing data leaks can easily be achieved.”
Polygon, a popular layer-2 scaling solution for Ethereum, provides a low-cost and long-term foundation for Web3 applications and infrastructure while allowing developers to benefit from the Ethereum mainchain’s decentralization and security.
Polygon Studios has backed Super Protocol with a portfolio of services aimed at promoting development and community growth, spanning from technical solutions to industry resources and branding.
“A large majority of the cloud computing market is controlled by very few companies. That means users are constrained by the terms and policies of those companies; changes in service supplier requirements can seriously affect their customers’ operations. In addition, customers are dependent on the security provisions these services provide—and when those provisions have fallen short, critical data leaks have occurred. Super Protocol combines the benefits of TEE technology and blockchain to provide a universal, decentralized protocol for distributed confidential computing. Now organizations have a broad array of options beyond choices offered by the large cloud service providers.” – states Super Protocol solutions brief released by Intel®.
Super Protocol’s founder and CEO, Nukri Basharuli, is one of the pioneers of confidential computing technology, having previously founded a successful company that provided confidential computing to Web2 clients.
“The future of the internet is clearly Web3. We have been working with confidential computing for years. Now the time is right to apply this experience to decentralize cloud computing. The market is ready for it and there is demand” – says Basharuli.
Nukri Basharuli, Super Protocol’s creator and CEO, is a pioneer in the field of private computing, having built a successful company that supplied confidential computing to Web2 clients.


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- Question 1 of 17
A three-phase, 50 Hz salient-pole synchronous motor has a per-phase direct-axis reactance (Xd) of 0.8 pu and a per-phase quadrature-axis reactance (Xq) of 0.6 pu. Resistance of the machine is negligible. It is drawing full-load current at 0.8 pf (leading). When the terminal voltage is 1 pu, per-phase induced voltage, in pu, isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 2 of 17
A single-phase, 22 kVA, 2200 V/ 220 V, 50 Hz, distribution transformer is to be connected as an auto-transformer to get an output voltage of 2420 V. Its maximum kVA rating as an autotransformer isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 3 of 17
A single-phase full-bridge voltage source inverter (VSI) is fed from a 300 V battery. A pulse of 120o duration is used to trigger the appropriate devices in each half-cycle. The rms value of the fundamental component of the output voltage, in volts, isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 4 of 17
A single-phase transmission line has two conductors each of 10 mm radius. These are fixed at a center-to-center distance of 1 m in a horizontal plane. This is now converted to a three-phase transmission line by introducing a third conductor of the same radius. This conductor is fixed at an equal distance D from the two single-phase conductors. The three-phase line is fully transposed. The positive sequence inductance per phase of the three-phase system is to be 5% more than that of the inductance per conductor of the single-phase system. The distance D, in meters, isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 5 of 17
A dc voltage with ripple is given by v(t) = [100 + 10 sin(wt) − 5 sin (3wt)] volts. Measurements of this voltage v(t), made by moving-coil and moving-iron voltmeters, show readings of V1 and V2 respectively. The value of V2 − V1, in volts, isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 6 of 17
If a continuous function f(x) does not have a root in the interval [a,b] then which one of the following statements is true?CorrectIncorrect
- Question 7 of 17
If the sum of diagonal elements of a 2*2 matrix is -6 then the maximum possible values of determinant of matrix isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 8 of 17
A (0-50A) moving coil ammeter has a voltage drop of .1V across its terminals at full scale deflection.The external shunt resistance needed to extend its range to (0-500A) isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 9 of 17
Of the four characteristics given below which are the major requirements for an instrumentation amplifier?
P.High common mode rejection ratio
Q.High input impedance
S.High output impedanceCorrectIncorrect
- Question 10 of 17
Base load power plants are
P. Wind farms
Q.Run of river plants
R.nuclear power plants
S.diesel power plantsCorrectIncorrect
- Question 11 of 17
The self inductance of the primary winding of a single phase 50Hz transformer is 800mH and that of the secondary winding is 600mH.The mutual inductance between these two winding is 480mH.The secondary winding of this transformer is short circuited and the primary winding is connected to a 50Hz single phase sinusoidal voltage source.The current flowing in both the windings is less than their respective rated current.The resistance of both windings can be neglected.What is the effective inductance (in mH) seen by the source?CorrectIncorrect
- Question 12 of 17
The primary mmf is least affected by the secondary terminal conditions in aCorrectIncorrect
- Question 13 of 17
The signum function is given by sgn(x) = x/|x| for x not equal to 0 and 0 for x = 0. The fourier series expansion of sgn(cos(t)) hasCorrectIncorrect
- Question 14 of 17
Two players A and B alternatively keep rolling a fair dice.The person to get a six first wins the game.Given that player A starts the game the probability that A wins the game isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 15 of 17
A 3-phase 50Hz square wave (6-step) VSI feeds a 3-phase 4 pole induction motor.The VSI line voltage has a dominant 5th harmonic component.If the operating slip of the motor with respect to fundamental component voltage is .04 the slip of the motor with respect to 5th harmonic component of voltage isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 16 of 17
A 8 bit unipolar successive approximation register type ADC is used to convert 3.5V to digital equivalent output.The reference voltage is +5V.The output of the ADC at the end of third clock pulse after the start of the conversion isCorrectIncorrect
- Question 17 of 17
Assertion: Fast decoupled load flow method gives approximation load flow solution because it uses several assumptions.
Reason: Accuracy depends on the power mismatch vector tolerance.CorrectIncorrect


USB Car Charger
is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock.
Double USB port car charger plugs into any vehicle for charging on the go. Comes with Micro USB charging cable. **For Elite Series only**
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Role of Cryptography in Smart Contracts
Cryptography plays a crucial role in ensuring the security and integrity of smart contracts. Smart contracts are self-executing agreements with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. They are stored and executed on a blockchain network, making them transparent, immutable, and tamper-proof.
1. Authentication and Verification
Cryptography is used to authenticate and verify the identities of the parties involved in a smart contract. Public-key cryptography, specifically digital signatures, is commonly employed to ensure that only authorized individuals can interact with the contract. Each party has a unique private key that is used to sign transactions, while the corresponding public key is used to verify the authenticity of the signature.
2. Privacy and Confidentiality
Cryptography techniques such as encryption and zero-knowledge proofs are utilized to protect the privacy and confidentiality of sensitive information within smart contracts. Encryption ensures that data stored within the contract is only accessible to authorized parties, preventing unauthorized access or tampering. Zero-knowledge proofs allow one party to prove the validity of certain information without revealing the actual data, enhancing privacy.
3. Data Integrity and Non-repudiation
Cryptographic hash functions are employed to ensure the integrity of data within smart contracts. A hash function generates a unique fixed-size output, or hash, based on the input data. Any change in the input data will result in a different hash, making it easy to detect tampering. This ensures that the data stored within the contract remains unchanged and verifiable by all parties. Additionally, cryptographic techniques provide non-repudiation, meaning that once a transaction is signed and recorded on the blockchain, it cannot be denied or disputed by any party.
4. Secure Execution and Smart Contract Logic
Cryptography is used to secure the execution of smart contracts and ensure the integrity of their logic. By employing cryptographic techniques, the code of a smart contract can be protected from unauthorized modifications or tampering. This ensures that the contract will execute as intended, without any malicious alterations.
In conclusion, cryptography plays a vital role in the security and reliability of smart contracts. It provides authentication, privacy, data integrity, and secure execution, making smart contracts a trustworthy and efficient tool for conducting digital transactions.


Project: Learn, develop, and implement key functionalities in autonomous electronic systems to manage sensing, data acquisition and processing, and motion control
Autonomous systems such as quad copters and self-driving cars are being used today in a wide range of applications; ranging from helping first responders, to smart farming, to driving you to work, to delivering goods to your home.
Much of their functionality depends on their embedded electronics, which sense, analyze, and react to changing goals and environments. These systems act and make decisions in cooperation with or without explicit guidance from a human operator. The following cycle of actions is central to these systems.
- Sensors measure motion, distances to obstacles, and other data.
- Circuits convert the different signals into a uniform format and make all the data accessible to an embedded computer.
- Signal processing algorithms extract useful, actionable information from the raw data.
- Control algorithms make decisions based on these data to adjust outputs such as propeller speeds, maintain motion stability, and ensure safety.
In this section, you’ll develop, change, and implement electronic systems to manage each of these actions. The end result: an autonomous vehicle that responds to changes in its environment while carrying out a complex task such as following along by your side.


Bespoke 7 MW off-grid solar power system for deployment in Northern Nigeria.
Solar PV is now the cheapest source of electricity in many locations, mostly around the equator, with large swaths of Nigeria ripe for PV installations. Solar PV power generation is now an accessible option in Nigeria, with great potential for off-grid and rural applications. October 2017.
Thus, the combination of solar PV, batteries and inverter will constitute a cost-effective alternative to expensive fuel-hungry generators for reliable power. Although a semblance of such a system currently exist in the country, they are poorly designed (poorly sized inverters) with inappropriate components (wrong battery-type) and are generally of poor quality. Implementing a system that addresses these limitations at an accessible price range will be invaluable to residences and SMEs such as small hotels and private hospitals that currently must rely on noisy diesel-guzzling generators for consistent power supply.


Below is a listing of commonly asked questions and answers for the Prodigy® P2 Proportional Brake Controller for Trailers with 1-4 Axles, Gray. If you can't find the
information you need here, please submit your question to us using the form in our contact page.
Select a question to view the answer.
The display shows one dot or the display shows two dots.
The left dot is the power indicator. Meaning that the P2 is powered up and ready. The right dot is the Boost indicator. This tells you that there is a level of boost set.
Display only goes up to 0.0 to 4.2 when applying brakes.
With Proportional Type digital controls the vehicle must be in motion for the control to have output. If the vehicle is sitting still with the vehicle's brake depressed or stopping very slowly the voltage displayed will be very low on the control. The is normal operation.
The P2 display shows PL.
The P2 detected a power loss on the Black wire.
- Applied brake pedal or manual lever while connecting P2 to power.
- Poor connection on Black wire, Fuse or Circuit Breaker.
- Faulty circuit breaker or Fuse.
The display shows og or OG.
The P2 detects an open ground.
- Poor or no connection to ground on the White wire of the P2
The display is blank.
The P2 will go into a Sleep Mode after approximately 15 minutes of no movement or input.
- P2 went into sleep mode.
- No power on black wire of P2.
- Bad ground on White wire of P2.
No "C" displayed with trailer connected or shows "nc" with trailer connected.
The P2 has to have a complete circuit on the Blue wire to the trailer brakes and then to ground.
- Open on brake circuit (Blue wire).
- Power back feed on brake wire (Blue wire).
- Trailer has electric over hydraulic brakes and control set for electric brakes.
- Brake circuit has incorrect resistance on electric brakes.
- Open on ground of brake circuit.
The display shows "SH".
- Short to ground on brake wire (Blue wire).
The display shows "OL".
The P2 detects excessive current on the brake wire (Blue wire).
- Short to ground on brake wire.
- Trailer has electric over hydraulic brakes and control is set to electric brake mode.
- No power on battery charge circuit (for electric over hydraulic brakes only).


Live performance and studio recording digital console with up to 40 simultaneous input channels
- 32 award-winning Midas PRO microphone preamplifiers
- 25 time-aligned and phase-coherent mix buses
- AES50 networking allows up to 96 inputs and 96 outputs
- 32 bi-directional channels of live recording/playback on dual SD/SDHC (cards not included)
- Up to 3 hours of 32 channel PCM recording in one session
- stored as uncompressed WAV files
- High-performance carbon fibre, aluminium and high-impact steel structure
- 40 bit floating point digital signal processing
- 8 DCA and 6 mute groups
- 8 digital signal processing effects engines
- 25 Midas PRO motor faders
- Daylight viewable 7” full colour TFT display screen
- 32 x 32 channel USB 2.0 audio interface
- DAW remote control emulations of Mackie Control* and HUI* protocols
- Optional wireless remote control with Midas Apps for iPhone* and iPad*
- Auto-ranging universal switch-mode power supply
- 10-Year Warranty Program*
- Designed and engineered in the U.K.
Designing A Future Classic
Our goal for M32 LIVE was to combine the best of classic British console designs with advanced modern technology to completely redefine what a medium-format live console can offer.We began the industrial design process by drawing inspiration from
Why High-Performance Cars?
Simply because the design teams at Aston Martin*, Bentley*, Rolls Royce*, and other leading manufacturers are skilled at introducing innovative technological advancements while simultaneously maintaining the feel, essence, and intangible qualities...
The Landmark in Console History
A close look at M32 LIVE reveals that the styling is completely new in every sense of the word. Rajesh Kutty’s automotive-inspired design elements mesh perfectly with a recognisable Midas signature, setting the M32 LIVE apart from any other console....
Midas is the Epitome of Excellence
In 2013, Midas approached me to create a new design language for Midas and with it a new mixing console. Having designed for Bentley, I am intimately familiar with the challenge of transforming a brand while retaining the precious heritage.


Dr. Christopher Williams Consultant Endoscopist, London, UK
“When we started to develop the electro-magnetic imaging technology for ScopeGuide, I envisioned a system that would allow colonoscopists to feel as comfortable as a tourist driving through the most unpredictable city with the assistance of a SatNav navigation system. Today, ScopeGuide does just that: improving colonoscopy by providing a real-time three-dimensional display of colonoscope position and configuration. The endoscopist no longer needs to rely on ‘guess and feel’ or fluoroscopy to determine the orientation of an inserted scope. ScopeGuide will change the way you see colonoscopy. “Even with 40 years of experience in the field, I think of ScopeGuide as an essential part of quality colonoscopy.”
Some of ScopeGuide’s benefits:
- Real-time 3D display of position and orientation of the colonoscope
- Shows the correct manoeuvres to straighten complex looping
- Electromagnetic transmission coils within the scope create a low intensity magnetic field, which is completely safe for continuous use.


The Nortel BCM50 telephone system is a fantastic package that delivers small/medium-sized businesses and branch offices with converged voice and data solutions, allowing for a choice of an IP enabled or digital capacity. The Nortel Business Communications Manager 50 Telephone System offers a host of valuable features including IP telephony, unified messaging, call centre applications, interactive voice response and many more. Contact us.
Meridian Norstar, a brand from the Nortel Corporation (sometimes known as Meridian Phones), has a history of developing high quality business phone systems which can be expanded easily. The range of Nortel office phones, integrated communication systems, door entry systems and peripherals provides companies of all sizes with the telecoms devices they need.
Nortel and the Meridian phone brands stand for cost effective quality and flexibility – a range of office phones and related systems that will stand the test of time as well as changing business needs. Browse the various Nortel products on the connected pages to find the latest in business telephone systems, door entry systems and voicemail setups.


A lot of my friends buy cameras based on the number of megapixels and then expect higher quality images. Image sensor size (actually sensor density) has a much higher correlation with image quality than the number of megapixels. Larger sensors typically capture images with less noise and greater dynamic range than smaller sensors. Wikipedia has a great graphic that illustrates the size of sensor found in most common cameras (click for original graphic size). Sites like dpreview.com offer statistics on image density. Consider sensor density when buying your next camera.


An electronic cigarette is comprised of a battery, atomizer and a flavor cartridge. The battery is contained within the body of the ecig unit and is what powers the atomizer. E-cigarette batteries come in either automatic or manual models, depending on your preferred model of electronic cigarette. Automatic ecig batteries are powered when you puff on them; manual ecig batteries are triggered by a button located on the side of the body. The battery powers the atomizer, which in turn heats the e-liquid contained in the flavor cartridge; turning it into a vapor.


Oblique semi-guided waves: 2-D waveguide optics with negative effective permittivity
Semi-guided waves confined in dielectric slab waveguides are being considered, for oblique angles of propagation. If the waves encounter a linear discontinuity of quite arbitrary shape and extension, a variant of Snell's law applies, separately for each pair of incoming and outgoing modes. Depending on the effective indices involved, and on the angle of incidence, power transfer to specific outgoing waves can be allowed or forbidden. In particular, critical angles of incidence can be identified, beyond which any power transfer to non-guided waves is forbidden, i.e. all radiative losses are suppressed. In that case the input power is carried away from the discontinuity exclusively by reflected semi-guided waves in the input slab, or by semi-guided waves that are transmitted into other outgoing slab waveguides.
Vectorial equations on a 2-D cross sectional domain apply. These are formally identical to the equations that govern the eigenmodes of 3-D channel waveguides. Here, however, these need to be solved not as an eigenvalue problem, but as an inhomogeneous problem with a right-hand-side that is given by the incoming semi-guided wave, and subject to transparent boundary conditions. The equations resemble a standard 2-D Helmholtz problem, with an effective permittivity in place of the actual relative permittivity. Depending on the properties of the incoming wave, including the angle of incidence, this effective permittivity can become locally negative, causing the suppression of propagating outgoing waves. A semi-analytical solver based on a vectorial variant of the scheme for quadridirectional eigenmode propagation (QUEP) has been implemented.
The list of example structures investigated so far includes discontinuities (linear, abrupt, multi-segment) between slab waveguides of different thickness, slab waveguides with elongated trenches that can act as beam splitters (power dividers, polarization splitters), spiral modes supported by bent slab waveguides, but also corner- (cf. figure) and step-like discontinuities that could permit the lossless power transfer between guiding layers at different levels in 3-D photonic circuits. High contrast waveguide gratings can be operated without any radiative losses. A simple strip waveguide, if considered in this 2.5-D setting with oblique evanescent excitation by semi-guided waves, can function, in principle, as a (lossless) microstrip resonator of unlimited Q. Oblique semi-guided waves can facilitate the resonant evanescent excitation of guided modes with high-order angular momentum (OAM modes), of excellent directionality and purity, in specific multimode circular step-index optical fibers.
Hybrid analytical / numerical coupled mode theory
Computational tools are indispensable for concrete design tasks as well as for more fundamental investigations in integrated optics / photonics. Difficulties arise from the usually very limited range of applicability of purely analytical models, and from the frequently prohibitive effort required for rigorous numerical simulations of practical structures in 3-D. Hence we pursue an intermediate strategy. For specific classes of devices there exist relatively clear physical ideas about the optical behaviour, such that field templates can be written down which cover the major features of the light propagation. The templates are expressed in terms of certain known basis fields of lower dimensions. Typically these are guided modes supported by the local straight or bent optical channels, or resonances associated with the cavities in the device. One introduces unknowns in the form of varying amplitude functions, or in the form of coefficients for localized resonances.
What then remains is to determine these unknown parameters in the field template, i.e. to quantify the interactions between the basis fields. Here we use numerical techniques: upon discretization of the amplitude functions by finite elements (FE), variational procedures are applied to reduce the problems to systems of linear equations of small to moderate size.
Building on the physical/engineering notions underlying the field templates, and on the tools necessary to compute the basis fields, the FE/variational procedures can be implemented in a flexible, device independent way. Although restricted to configurations where these prerequisites are available, this Hybrid analytical / numerical variant of Coupled Mode Theory (HCMT) still constitutes a tool of some generality for accurate quantitative ab-initio simulations of real-world photonic devices.
Some of the programs related to a 2-D version of the approach are available online, included in the Metric subroutine collection (section HCMT). Our present range of examples covers circuits that involve straight waveguides, finite periodic corrugations (waveguide Bragg gratings), curved waveguides, square cavities, and circular micro-ring or -disk cavities described either in terms of bend modes or in terms of whispering gallery resonances. First results of a 3-D HCMT implementation concern models of intersections of straight channels at fairly arbitrary positioning and orientation.
Quadridirectional eigenmode propagation scheme
With their potential for high integration densities, devices based on optical microcavities or on photonic crystals attract considerable attention in photonics research at present. Specific obstacles for the modeling originate from the high permittivity contrasts which are exploited for effective guiding and trapping of light waves: Phenomena like wide angle propagation and pronounced reflections are essential for the interference effects that the new structures rely upon. Some of the most promising simulation tools, the class of bidirectional mode expansion or eigenmode propagation (BEP) techniques, are so far set up exclusively (for simulations in the optical regime) along one major axis of light propagation. This viewpoint is decidedly inadequate for the high contrast structures.
Our present approach removes that limitation, basically by means of superposition of eigenmode expansions along two perpendicular coordinate axes, where the (real) basis fields satisfy simple Dirichlet boundary conditions. The relevant Helmholtz wave equation is solved on a rectangular computational domain, formed by the overlap of the lateral windows of the two BEP sets, with fully transparent boundaries (exception: the corner points). Modeling simultaneous influx and outflux over all four boundaries is straightforward; the computational effort remains moderate. While preserving the advantages (accuracy, efficiency, interpretability) of the BEP tools, the proposed technique is capable to adequately capture the phenomena related to omnidirectional (2D) light propagation. Modes propagating in positive and negative direction along two coordinate axes play a role, hence this could be called a ``quadridirectional eigenmode propagation'' (QUEP) method.
Simulation results for several model systems (Gaussian beams, waveguide crossings, a square resonator cavity with perpendicular ports, a bent photonic crystal waveguide, a chain of nine coupled square dielectric cavities, finite high-contast dielectric gratings, and a periodic dielectric waveguide) illustrate the performance of the approach. According to the semianalytical ansatz, the technique is intended for structures with piecewise constant, rectangular, and (so far) lossless permittivity distributions, with preferably only few segments in the slice/layer decomposition. The example of a circular microdisk-resonator shows that the approach can handle also non-rectangular shapes in terms of suitable staircase approximations, unfortunately at the cost of a significantly increased computational effort. For predominant rectangular configurations, however, the efficient simulations allow to play with quite large composite structures. Exciting TET!
Some of the related programs are available online, included in the Metric subroutine collection.
Rectangular integrated optical microresonators
Compact integrated optical microresonator devices are currently discussed as one of the most promising concepts for applications in optical wavelength division multiplexing. While the majority of proposals deals with cylindrical or spherical resonators, coupling two port waveguides by small square or rectangular cavities can also lead to resonator devices that show the desired filter functionality.
Apart from proper performance and extreme compactness, a square resonator unit has the nice property that it can be simulated quite efficiently by well established mode expansion techniques (bidirectional eigenmode propagation, BEP). We consider the structure as being composed of three longitudinally homogeneous waveguide segments (here 'longitudinally' refers to the direction parallel to the waveguides). For fixed frequency, the electromagnetic field is then expanded into the local modes of the segments, including propagating and evanescent, forwards and backwards directed terms. Matching adjacent fields at the segment boundaries yields the transmission characteristics of the resonator.
The technique enables quite rigorous investigations of the spectral response of the microresonators to changes in the various geometrical and material parameters, in particular with respect to the shape of the cavity, and it allows for a straightforward extension to the modeling of a sequence of cavities, as it is required for the realization of add-drop-filters. Finally, the simulations constitute an efficient numerical complement to a general theory of ''localized states'' in the framework of conventional waveguides.
Once a suitable resonator specification has been identified for a given target wavelength and material system, that resonance can be used to construct composite structures of quite arbitray shapes, e.g. by evanescently coupling a sequence of individual squares, or by enforcing a hard continuation through specific dielectric spacers. The resulting configurations have no dominant axial direction, hence they are handled best by an omnidirectional propagation tool (QUEP).
Cross strip interferometer concept
While searching for technologically simplified integrated optical device concepts, we have discovered the promising properties of a specific class of waveguide interferometers. A typical structure consists of nothing more than a single strip, etched from a bimodal dielectric film. Guided light is launched perpendicularly to the strip. Provided that specific conditions for the film thickness and etching depth are observed, the strip acts as an interferometer of surprisingly good quality. Avoiding the necessity for bend or laterally precisely dimensioned waveguides, the geometry offers an attractive alternative to common integrated interferometric devices like Mach-Zehnder structures or directional couplers.
Understanding its behaviour starts with a division into three homogenous waveguide sections. The light enters from the thinner single mode waveguide outside the strip into the thick strip segment, which is configured to support two guided modes. At the end of the strip, the amount of power that is guided in the following lower output region depends on the local phases of these two fields. For a properly adjusted geometry there are two extreme scenarios. In the first one, the superposition of the two strip modes matches the output profile well. Most of the input power passes the device; the modes interfere constructively. In the opposite scenario the field that arrives at the output junction is orthogonal to the mode of the subsequent segment. The power is scattered into the substrate and cover regions; consequently we call this destructive interference. In both cases the achievable levels of transmission respectively suppression are remarkable: Our numerical calculations predict insertion losses below 0.1 dB and extinction ratios well above 30 dB for realistic device designs.
Based mainly on semianalytic mode expansion simulations, our modeling and design activities have led to concrete proposals for polarizing strips, and for experiments on magnetooptic isolator devices. Realizations were considered in both cases, in the Integrated Optical Microsystems Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, and in the Applied Magnetooptics Group, Department of Physics, University of Osnabrück, Germany, respectively.
Mode expansion modeling of integrated optical devices
Several interesting structures in integrated optics consist of a sequence of longitudinally homogeneous waveguide segments. Examples are the rectangular microresonators and the cross strip devices as described above, a waveguide end facet, and certainly also isolated waveguides and simple coupler segments.
We consider the Maxwell equations in the frequency domain. The interesting region is enclosed by artificial boundaries, which are oriented parallel to the dominant direction of light propagation, and located such that all guided fields in the structure are negligible at the boundary positions. This leads to a discretization of the mode spectra on the waveguide segments; the mode sets become numerically manageable. Separately on each segment, the electromagnetic field is written as a mode superposition, where depending on the investigated structure forward and backward traveling, propagating and evanescent terms are included. Bidirectional projection of the adjacent fields at the junctions allows then to establish a linear system of equations for the coefficients in the mode superpositions.
For these structures, the mode expansion ansatz can replace modeling techniques of a more numerical nature, like finite difference or finite element based beam propagation or time-domain calculations, as a reference simulation tool, at least in a twodimensional setting. Usually the quasianalytical calculations are only moderately demanding in terms of computational resources, and they yield continuous representations of the electromagnetic field, with the solutions of the Maxwell equations being directly accessible in terms of guided mode profiles and mode amplitudes. The related programs are available online, included in the Metric subroutine collection.
Nonreciprocal integrated optical devices
Transparent materials with specific optical properties are of particular interest for general as well as for integrated optics. Our special emphasis lies on waveguides made of epitaxially grown rare earth iron garnet films. Along with low losses in the relevant wavelength regions around 1.3 µm and 1.5 µm, a window of transparency of optical fibers, these materials show comparably large magnetooptic effects of first order (Faraday effect) and second order (Cotton-Mouton-effect).
Garnet films are thus well qualified for integrated optics, where their pronounced Faraday effect enables the design of nonreciprocal devices. These are intended to distinguish between optical waves propagating in opposite directions. In the current framework, a device with two ports A and B that establishes a connection from A to B, but blocks all power transmission from B to A, is called an `isolator'. A more sophisticated `circulator' comprises more ports, three at least, which are connected in a circular manner.
The coefficients of coupled mode theory for the magnetooptic permittivity contribution allow a classification of the influences of gyrotropy on guided wave propagation. For mirror symmetric waveguides with well polarized fundamental modes, one identifies the dominant effects of TE phase shift, TM phase shift, and TE/TM polarization conversion, for polar, equatorial, and longitudinal magnetooptic configurations, respectively. In the framework of project D10 of the SFB 225 at the Department of Physics, University of Osnabrück, Germany, we have investigated applications of all three geometries for isolator and circulator devices. Among these are well established concepts such as the common polarizer / 45o Faraday rotator / polarizer setting for an isolator, several interferometric device proposals such as Mach-Zehnder structures, directional couplers, or multimode interference (MMI) devices, and more exotic proposals, e.g. a polarization independent circulator based on unidirectional polarization converters between radiatively coupled waveguides. The theoretical research in the Integrated Optics Modeling Group was closely related to the experiments in the Applied Magnetooptics Group in Osnabrück.
Wave-matching mode analysis of dielectric waveguides with rectangular cross sections
For dielectric integrated optical waveguides with piecewise constant, rectangular permittivity profiles, a simple local expansion into factorizing exponential or harmonic trial functions forms a promising ansatz for the calculation of guided modes. This function space turns out to be large enough to adequately approximate the unknown mode fields. Inside the homogeneous rectangles the trial functions solve the Maxwell equations exactly. A least squares expression for the mismatch in the continuity conditions at dielectric boundaries connects the fields on neighbouring regions. Minimization of this error allows to identify propagation constants and to compute the mode fields.
The procedure has been implemented both for semivectorial simulations and for fully vectorial mode analysis, where each of the common formulations for the vectorial mode problem may be employed. The vectorial Wave Matching Method (WMM) performs truly vectorial calculations in the sense that both transverse directions are treated alike. The piecewise defined trial fields are well suited to deal with field discontinuities or discontinuous derivatives. At the corners of dielectric waveguides, the method yields correct qualitative features of the divergent field behaviour.
For widely established benchmark problems we observed reassuring agreement between the WMM and several previously published methods. While in principle the current implementation allows to simulate cross sections with an arbitrary rectangular decomposition, the method turns out to be effective especially for structures described by few rectangles and boundary lines only. This class includes single rib and raised strip waveguides as well as coupler geometries constructed from these waveguides. For the composite structures investigated so far, the results are reasonable and accurate.
Unlike methods based on finite differences or finite elements, the WMM yields semianalytical mode field representations which are defined on the entire plane of the waveguide cross section, including the dielectric discontinuities explicitely and accurately. The fields are therefore perfectly suited for further processing, for instance in the framework of propagating mode analysis, coupled mode theory, or for the evaluation of perturbation theory integrals. These techniques are implemented in the WMM subroutine library, illustrated by several example program files.
Next generation active integrated optical subsystems
Online content related to our contributions to the project:


Customizing the lights in your home with smart lights can make a world of difference. Adding some much-needed ambiance to your living room or bedroom can totally change the way your whole home looks and feels. One great way to completely transform your space is by adding lightstrips either to your room or to your TV or monitor. Right now, you can get the Philips Hue White Lightstrip Starter Kit or the Philips Hue White and Color Ambiance PC Lightstrip from Amazon for up to 25% off.
The Philips Hue White Lightstrip Starter Kit is $20 off its original price of $85, and it’s everything you need to set up to brighten up your home. Trim the flexible 32-foot light strip to fit, and stick it up with the included adhesive wherever your place needs a little more oomph.
It comes with a customizable strip light that can sync to your Hue Hub and with your PC via the free Hue Sync software. Alternatively, you can sync your lighstrip with your PC via your Hub. Shine a light on darker cabinetry, light up the bathroom for when you use it at night, or add some twinkling fun to your living room entertainment space.
Philips Hue Lightstrip Starter Kit, $65 (reduced from $85)
The Philips Hue White and Color PC Lightstrip is its lowest price yet at just $127, which is down from its retail price of $170. Built specifically for your PC (or TV if small enough), it offers the same type of functionality as the Philips Hue Lightstrip Starter Kit, but is made specifically for backlighting.
This kit comes in the 24/27-inch size, but you can trim to size even further if you need to. The strip can be mounted on the back of your monitor and can bend around the screen’s corners. It offers customizable surround lighting that you can sync to your Hue Bridge and Hue Sync desktop app, which can help enhance the way you enjoy your favorite TV shows, movies, and games.
Philips Hue White and Color PC Lightstrip, $127 (reduced from $170)
The best smart lights
Need a regular smart light that can take the place of your typical bulb? We’ve got you covered there, too. The best smart lights come with both white and color options, Bluetooth, hub, and smart plug connectivity, and simple installation options. They’re reliable, quality fixtures and are your best overall bets for setting up a smart home. Check out these top-rated Philips, GE Cync, TP-Link, and Lifx smart lights.
Philips Hue High Lumen smart bulb
The Philips Hue line is tough to beat when it comes to smart lighting. The premium-priced 100W High Lumen series boasts serious brightness, which is especially useful for larger living spaces. Choose from white light or over 16 million shades, with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth setup that’s simple to control straight from your phone or digital smart home platform. Change lighting effects with the touch of a button, indoor or outdoor. Add the Hue Hub (sold separately) to enable additional options, including timers, lighting scenes, and much more.
An Amazon customer called this smart light bulb one of the best on the market: “These are some top of the line smart bulbs. Can you find cheaper bulbs as far as costs is concerned? Yes, you can. But the saying goes, ‘You get what you pay for.’ And that holds true with these bulbs. If you are willing to invest into the Hue System, you won’t be disappointed.”
Philips Hue High Lumen smart bulb, $58
GE Cync Direct Connect smart bulb
GE’s Cync Direct Connect smart bulbs are affordable and full-featured lights that come with a wide variety of options. They’re a little less bright than other smart bulbs in their price range, at 750 lumens, but they support millions of colors and different features.
Without the need for a hub, they can connect via Bluetooth and Wi-Fi via app to allow set schedules, saved color scenes, and some of the simplest setup options you’ll find.
An Amazon buyer proclaimed these smart lights as a “kaleidoscope for the hearth”: “It has all the colors on the spectrum, and can imitate settings like the flickering of a candle or sunset. The light can be dimmed or enhanced in intensity. These are also rated to last 15 times longer than regular bulbs.”
GE Cync Direct Connect smart bulb, $22
TP-Link Tapo smart Wi-Fi light strip
If strip lighting is more your speed, this smart light strip is a simple, straightforward option that has everything you need to illuminate your room with ease. You’ll have access to a kaleidoscopic 1,000 lumens of brightness and 16 million colors. But if that’s a bit overwhelming, no worries: It comes with preset color scenes to choose from, right out of the box.
Plus, it’s nearly foolproof to set up, and is compatible with Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, and Apple HomeKit, which means you’re covered, no matter which platform you’ve opted for. They’re great for adding lighting effects to doorways, entire rooms, or even the back of a TV to enhance shows and movies.
An Amazon buyer called them perfect: “Couldn’t ask for a better setup, the app works flawlessly and the lighting is better than I was hoping. I’ll be getting more sets!”
TP-Link Tapo smart Wi-Fi light strip, $40
Lifx Mini White smart bulb
If you’re looking for a no-frills smart light that you can plug in and use within minutes, the Lifx mini bulb is a fantastic option. It boasts a smaller form factor than its brethren, and it offers only white light, but it’s impressively bright, with 800 lumens. It connects quickly and painlessly to your Wi-Fi network and Bluetooth, and doesn’t require a hub. It’s barebones in terms of additional features, but it’s so simple and reliable that it may as well be like screwing in a traditional light bulb.
An Amazon buyer was thoroughly happy with the purchase: “I got a top tier, non hub, competitor multi-color bulb that works well. They all integrate seamlessly with Alexa routines including on/off times or commands, sunset/sunrise times, dim down or ramp up brightness rates (e.g. go to 80% in 50 minutes). Quality product.”
Lifx Mini White smart bulb, $27
Philips Hue White and Color Ambiance smart bulb
This smart light boasts exceptional quality, with more than 16 million shades, including brilliant white. It’s also very simple to set up. Adjusting voice control settings can be done directly from the Bluetooth-enabled app, which lets you manage up to 10 smart bulbs at a time. It boasts a whopping 25,000-hour lifetime. Heavy users can purchase a Hue Hub (sold separately) to unlock additional features, including timers and routines.
One Amazon customer praised this light’s response time when used for general lighting or special effects: “I have been able to sequence lightning strikes with sound effects, sudden rapid color changes and a whole set of fun effects. When not being used for effects, these lights illuminate my porch with a realistic yet not too distracting flame effect.”
Philips Hue White and Color Ambiance smart bulb, $50
Wyze Bulb Color smart bulb
The affordable Wyze Bulb Color is a midrange option that can hold its own against the incomparable Philips Hue smart bulb. It offers 16 million colors to choose from, and a connected Wyze app to adjust scene changes, hue, and lighting temperature control, with no hub or bridge required for additional features.
An Amazon customer praised the bulb for its excellent value and reliability: “These bulbs do everything promised and are very reliable. I’ve used them for a few weeks and I’m ordering another 4-pack to use in a second floor lamp in my living room.”
Wyze Bulb Color smart bulb, $14
Sengled Smart Wi-Fi LED light bulb 2-pack
This budget bulb is the cheapest option available, and you get a 2-pack for less than the price of its competitors. It offers 16 million colors and works with both Alexa and Google Home, though it does not support Apple HomeKit.
It does, however, come with a variety of features, including scheduling and routines, without the need for an additional hub. For simple voice-controlled lighting with additional remote setup options, Sengled’s bulbs are viable and frugal buys that come with a few of the bells and whistles their competitors offer.
One Amazon customer proclaimed they love these bulbs and that there’s no hub required: “Overall, I highly recommend the Sengled smart bulb to anyone looking for an easy and convenient way to control their lighting. It’s a great investment that pays off in both convenience and energy savings.”
Sengled Smart Wi-Fi LED light bulb 2-pack, $17
How to choose the best smart light
Setting up smart lights in your home can be a complicated affair, so here’s a basic rundown of what you need to know. A smart light is a bulb that can be controlled via app or voice command. It connects to your home Wi-Fi and can be turned on or off, scheduled, set to routines, and more with your phone or spoken phrases.
There are a wide variety of smart lights on the market. Choosing the right one for your needs means figuring out what type of control you’re looking for. Would you prefer direct access via smartphone app where you can control everything with a few taps? Or would you rather have voice control with smart home assistant support, like with Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant, or Apple HomeKit?
A voice-controlled smart light lets you adjust your home lighting by speaking. It connects to a smart device, like a speaker, that “listens” to commands. When a command is received, a clip of the audio is sent to a remote server to “understand” what is being asked.
Then, those instructions go back to the smart device to carry them out. You might, say, use Alexa on a device like an Amazon Echo to say “Alexa, turn on the lights,” or something similar. These lights are often connected either via Bluetooth, a smart light switch, or a smart hub.
With that in mind, you’ll need to consider whether you need a smart plug or a hub for your setup. Some smart lights simply connect to Bluetooth and grant control from there. But others require a hub for full functionality, including light timers and dimming options. If you choose to connect your lights to a smart light switch without a hub, you may end up with less functionality, but you can still use your voice to turn your lights off and on.


Electric Mobility Canada invites you to the 9th annual national event for electric vehicles in
EV2018VÉ Conference & Trade Show
April 24th to 27th, 2018 | The Westin Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, CANADA
The EV/VÉ Conference and Trade Show is a highly respected event in the EV industry in Canada. Our Conference committees are working diligently to design a conference program that will bring the latest electric mobility technology trends to you.


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The Apple iPhone 8 + 128GB Storage, is equipped with durable glass and a sturdy aerospace-grade aluminium band, iPhone 8 charges wirelessly and is powered by A11 Bionic – a chip so intelligent, it puts the ‘smart’ in smartphone. iPhone 8 is also water- and dust-resistant, supports augmented reality experiences, offers Retina HD display with True Tone, and comes with a 12MP camera with a new sensor and advanced image signal processor.
iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus introduce a beautiful glass back design made with the most durable glass ever in a smartphone in three new finishes: space grey, silver and gold. The glass finish is made using a seven-layer colour process for precise hue and opacity, delivering a rich depth of colour with a colour-matched aerospace-grade aluminium bezel, and is water and dust resistant.1
Retina HD Displays
New Retina HD displays add True Tone and adjust the display to match the surrounding light for a more natural viewing experience.
The new 4.7-inch and 5.5-inch Retina HD displays with the addition of True Tone adjust the white balance of the display to match the surrounding light for a more natural, paper-like viewing experience. The vibrant wide colour gamut Retina HD display offers the best colour accuracy in the industry. Redesigned stereo speakers are up to 25 per cent louder and deliver deeper bass, enabling richer-sounding music, videos and speakerphone calls.
Introducing A11 Bionic
The new Apple-designed A11 Bionic is the most powerful and smartest chip ever in a smartphone.
A11 Bionic, the most powerful and smartest chip ever in a smartphone, features a six-core CPU design with two performance cores that are 25 per cent faster and four efficiency cores that are 70 per cent faster than the A10 Fusion, offering industry-leading performance and energy efficiency. A new, second-generation performance controller can harness all six cores simultaneously, delivering up to 70 per cent greater performance for multi-threaded workloads, giving customers more power while providing the same great battery life. A11 Bionic also integrates an Apple-designed GPU with a three-core design that delivers up to 30 per cent faster graphics performance than the previous generation. All this power enables incredible new machine learning, AR apps and immersive 3D games.
Designed for AR
iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are engineered for the ultimate augmented reality experience.
The cameras on iPhone 8 Plus are custom tuned for the ultimate AR experience. Each camera is individually calibrated, with new gyroscopes and accelerometers for accurate motion tracking. AR benefits from A11 Bionic, which handles world tracking, scene recognition and incredible graphics at 60fps, while the image signal processor does real-time lighting estimation. With ARKit, iOS developers are taking advantage of the world’s largest AR platform, creating games and apps offering fantastically immersive and fluid experiences that go far beyond the screen.
Photos and Video
The world’s most popular camera is even better on iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus with a more advanced 12MP camera.
The world’s most popular camera gets even better, featuring an improved 12-megapixel camera with a larger and faster sensor, a new colour filter and deeper pixels. A new Apple-designed image signal processor delivers advanced pixel processing, wide colour capture, faster autofocus in low light and better HDR photos, while a new quad LED True Tone Flash with Slow Sync results in more uniformly lit backgrounds and foregrounds. All this adds up to outstanding photos with vibrant, realistic colours and more detail.
The new camera features a larger and faster sensor, new colour filter, deeper pixels and OIS for capturing vibrant photos and videos with more detail.
The new camera also delivers the highest quality video capture ever in a smartphone with better video stabilisation, 4K video up to 60fps and 1080p slo-mo up to 240fps. The Apple-designed video encoder provides real-time image and motion analysis for optimal quality video. With iOS 11, both iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus support HEIF and HEVC for up to two times compression and storage for twice the photos and videos.
iPhone 8 Plus features dual 12-megapixel cameras and introduces Portrait mode with Portrait Lighting, bringing dramatic studio lighting effects to iPhone, allowing customers to capture stunning portraits with a shallow depth-of-field effect in five different lighting styles.
Portrait Lighting is based on extensive research into the art and science of portraiture and core photographic lighting principles. It uses the dual cameras and the Apple-designed image signal processor to recognise the scene, create a depth map and separate the subject from the background. Machine learning is then used to create facial landmarks and add lighting over contours of the face, all happening in real time, giving customers even more power to express themselves through photography.2
Designed for a Wireless Future
The glass back design on iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus enable a world-class wireless charging solution. The glass back design enables a world-class wireless charging solution. Wireless charging works with the established Qi ecosystem, including two new wireless charging mats from Belkin and mophie, available from apple.com and Apple Stores.
Apple gave a sneak peek of AirPower, an Apple-designed wireless charging accessory coming in 2018, which offers a generous active charging area that will allow iPhone 8, iPhone 8 Plus or iPhone X customers to simultaneously charge up to three devices, including Apple Watch Series 3 and a new optional wireless charging case for AirPods.
iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus come with iOS 11, featuring incredible advancements to Portrait mode, while new effects make Live Photos more fun and expressive. iOS 11 also brings augmented reality to hundreds of millions of iOS devices with a new platform for developers to build apps that let users place virtual content on top of real-world scenes. Siri debuts new male and female voices and can translate US English phrases into Chinese, French, German, Italian or Spanish.
Gold, Space Grey
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138.4 x 67.3 x 7.3 mm (5.45 x 2.65 x 0.29 in)
148 g (5.22 oz)
Glass front (Gorilla Glass), glass back (Gorilla Glass), aluminum frame
IP67 dust/water resistant (up to 1m for 30 mins)
Apple Pay (Visa, MasterCard, AMEX certified)
Retina IPS LCD capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors
4.7 inches, 60.9 cm2 (~65.4% screen-to-body ratio)
750 x 1334 pixels, 16:9 ratio (~326 ppi density)
Ion-strengthened glass, oleophobic coating
625 nits max brightness (advertised)
Wide color gamut
3D Touch display & home button
iOS 11, upgradable to iOS 14
Apple A11 Bionic (10 nm)
Hexa-core (2x Monsoon + 4x Mistral)
Apple GPU (three-core graphics)
64GB 2GB RAM, 256GB 2GB RAM
12 MP, f/1.8, 28mm (wide), PDAF, OIS
Quad-LED dual-tone flash, HDR
7 MP, f/2.2
Face detection, HDR, panorama
Yes, with stereo speakers
Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac, dual-band, hotspot
5.0, A2DP, LE
Yes, with A-GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, QZSS
2.0, proprietary reversible connector
Fingerprint (front-mounted), accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass, barometer
Siri natural language commands and dictation
Li-Ion 1821 mAh, non-removable (6.96 Wh)
Fast charging 15W, 50% in 30 min (advertised)
USB Power Delivery
Qi wireless charging
Up to 14 h (3G)
Up to 40 h
Models A1863, A1905, A1906
1.32 W/kg (head)
1.36 W/kg (body)
1.19 W/kg (head)
1.17 W/kg (body)
AnTuTu: 237594 (v7)
GeekBench: 10214 (v4.4)
GFXBench: 20fps (ES 3.1 onscreen)
Display Contrast ratio: 1395:1 (nominal), 3.957 (sunlight)
Camera Photo / Video
Voice 71dB / Noise 77dB / Ring 80dB
Noise -93.5dB / Crosstalk -80.4dB
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Chapters of the Khwarizmi Science Society
Currently, we have chapters in the following institutions.
Punjab University: The head offiice of the Khwarzimic Science Society is located at the Centre for Solid State Physics, Punjab University, Quaid-e-Azam (New) Campus, Lahore 54590. Contact: hiyasir [at] gmail [dot] com (Abdul Haleem Yasir).
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore. Contact: adstec [at] lycos [dot] com (Prof. Dr. Noor Sheikh).
NFC-IET Multan, Contact: ayeshaafzal [dot] pk [at] gmail [dot] com (Ms. Ayesha Afzaal.)


- · Navigate the major databases needed for NGS
- · Understand the differences between the major nucleotide sequence databases
- · Browse the ENA database in detail; understand its structure and the type of data it contains.
- · Use techniques to generate and analyse RNA-Seq data
- · Comprehend the different tools involved in whole genome re-sequencing, assembly and variation calling
- · Utilize these tools to conduct simple re-sequencing assemblies
- · Understand the varied applications of NGS data analysis and how it is being used to answer interesting scientific questions
Tuesday, April 15, 2014
Next Generation Sequencing
Next Generation Sequencing
Deciphering DNA sequences is essential for virtually all branches of biological research. With the advent of capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based Sanger sequencing, scientists gained the ability to elucidate genetic information from any given biological system. This technology has become widely adopted in laboratories around the world, yet has always been hampered by inherent limitations in throughput, scalability, speed, and resolution that often preclude scientists from obtaining the essential information they need for their course of study. To overcome these barriers, an entirely new technology was required—Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), a fundamentally different approach to sequencing that triggered numerous ground-breaking discoveries and ignited a revolution in genomic science.
This course is aimed at molecular biologists who wish to gain new skills in the analysis of high-throughput DNA sequencing data. The programme will cover various databases and resources, and third-party software for the analysis, interpretation and storage of genetic sequence data. Using a combination of lectures, hands-on practical sessions and discussions with trainers, you will learn how to manipulate NGS data, analyze the results of different experiments and utilize sequence databases.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has significantly contributed to the transformation of genomic research, not only by decreasing the sequencing costs but also by increasing the throughput. The next goal is to exploit this powerful technology in the clinic, namely for diagnostics and therapeutics.
This course is aimed at researchers and scientists from the NHS, academia and industry who require an introduction to next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies and to identify:
· Identify the experimental/epidemiological designs used in Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
· Identify the concepts of read, pairing, alignment, indexing and Next Generation whole-genome sequencing.
· Identify genetic variation and mutation and structural variation from an assembled data set.
· Carry out basic de-novo assembly of NGS RNA-sequencing data.
· Perform basic tasks for NGS assembly and analysis using the GALAXY software system.
· Identify statistical procedures for analyzing the results of NGS assembly and data analysis (downstream analysis).
By the end of this course the participants will be able to:
· Introduction to next generation sequencing technologies and applications
· Understanding the high-throughput sequencing data analysis workflow
· Introduction to RNA-seq: expression estimation and normalisation
· Introduction to disease gene mapping
· Imputation and testing imputed SNPs
· Cancer genetics and genomics: Of Mice and Men
Posted by:-Indian Biological Sciences and Research Institute, NOIDA


All release notes since the release of 3Delight for Softimage version 2.0 in January 2011:
New Path Tracing Algorithm
Images can now be rendered using our new super-fast path tracing (in addition to the REYES algorithm). It is not uncommon for images to render ten times faster compared to the previous major release. All the usual quality settings that have been the trademark of our rendering technology, such as pixel filter types and filter support, are recognized by the path tracer.
Progressive rendering, coupled with the path tracer, allows for modifications of lights, materials and cameras without reloading the entire scene.
Physically Plausible Materials
Three easy to use materials are provided. The 3Delight Material is a general material that can simulate a large variety of standard surfaces (metals, plastics, ...etc.). It uses a "dual-layer" shading model so it can simulate coated materials (car paint is an example). 3Delight Glass and 3Delight Skin are also provided to render glass and skin.
Ray Traced Subsurface Scattering Algorithm
In addition to our point-based subsurface scattering we provide a first version of a highly efficient ray tracing version. The advantage is there is no more waiting time before getting the first pixels of the render (time to first pixel is greatly reduced). In addition, subsurface scattering produces sharper images.
Vastly Improved Image-Based Lighting
Our novel image-based lighting algorithm produces extremely high quality renders, meaning that noiseless images can be achieved with fewer samples and, most importantly, without having to blur environment maps.
Thanks to the new path tracing algorithm, we are able to provide a simpler and more artist friendly workflow in 3Delight for Softimage. Photons have been deprecated in favor of path tracing, providing results that are both faster and more accurate. Image-based lighting is now an automatic feature of the rendering algorithm and doesn’t necessitate separate controls.
Free License Upgraded to quad-core
The free license can now take full advantage of a quad-core computer (previously it was limited to dual-core). In addition, users of the free license will now have access to the more frequent updates we offer to paid customers. This will enable to follow more closely all the improvements added to 3Delight for Softimage.
Online documentation has been improved and is now available through a new Wiki.
3Delight for Softimage now contains all the features previously available in the Studio verion only. This includes:
Softimage 2011 Compatibility
The software has been upgraded to support the latest versions of Softimage. Most visible updates include support for new Softimage shaders as well as support for new light features such as flat light and soft shadows.
In addition to the point-based and ray-traced methods to compute color bleeding, 3Delight for Softimage now offers to achieve the same effect using photon mapping and final gathering. The advantage of the new method is much faster renders at the cost of a small pre-computation step.
Added support for ICE primitives, including particles and strands. Particles can be motion-blurred using velocity vectors for better results when using ICE caches.
ICE volumes are supported through the standard ‘Binary Alchemy’ shaders.
Objects can be instanced using ICE.
Light Volumics are supported using the standard Softimage properties.
Softimage Texture layers are fully supported.
Render Time CSG Operations
Geometric primitive can be intersected or subtracted from each other to achieve complex CSG effects at render time.
Arbitrary Clipping Planes
This feature allows creation of clipping planes that are not necessarily aligned with the camera. One such clipping plane can carve a half-space of arbitrary orientation.
Per-object properties have been organized in smaller and more specialized properties that are easier to manage. And many of the less frequently used global 3Delight properties have been moved into custom preferences. The most important new per-object properties are:


Samuel M. Lawrence
Chief Executive Officer
Samuel M. Lawrence is the chief executive officer and co-founder of CytoViva, Inc. He led the development of the core, patented optical illumination technology which is the foundation for CytoViva’s products, as well as played a key role in the development of the patented CytoViva 3D Imaging technology. He continues to lead all product development efforts as well as actively support the company’s sales efforts both domestically and internationally.
Sam has worked with dozens of laboratories around the world to help them solve their analytical imaging needs. His knowledge spans all aspects of the CytoViva product catalog, including optical imaging at the nano scale, hyperspectral analysis of images and the application of Raman microscopy in combination with CytoViva’s optical and hyperspectral microscopy techniques. He also has extensive knowledge in working with the FDA on drug approval projects, both as an applicant and as a board member for a drug development incubator.
Prior to CytoViva, Mr. Lawrence was a director at Boeing Commercial Airplanes in Seattle, WA where he led Supply Chain Transformation for the 737/757 Programs and was factory manager of the Interiors Responsibility Center. Prior to Boeing, Mr. Lawrence worked with Deloitte & Touche, LLC as a management consultant. Mr. Lawrence began his career in 1986 as an engineer on the Boeing Commercial Airplanes Aerodynamics staff after graduating from Mississippi State University with a bachelor of science degree in aerospace engineering. He is co-inventor on two U.S. patents for his work on innovative insulation materials for commercial airplanes.
Mr. Lawrence left Boeing in 1991 to continue his education at the Northwestern University Kellogg Graduate School of Management where he earned a masters of management in manufacturing in 1993. Mr. Lawrence also completed the International Executive Programme at INSEAD (Fontainebleau, France/Singapore) in 2002. He has been recognized as a Distinguished Engineering Fellow by the Mississippi State University School of Engineering and is a member of the Auburn University Chapter of the National Academy of Inventors.
John O. Lawrence
Chief Operating Officer
As Chief Operating Officer, John has led the internal operations and administrative functions of the company since its inception. One of John’s primary roles is overseeing the complex task of sourcing components, assembling, calibration and testing of CytoViva’s microscopy and hyperspectral imaging systems for world-wide distribution. The primary focus in this role is insuring that CytoViva customers receive systems that operate effectively immediately upon arrival for installation at their research lab. This effort requires close coordination with CytoViva’s numerous worldwide supply chain vendors and CytoViva’s technical staff for each custom system configuration that is shipped.
John, also has responsibility for all finance, legal, HR and administrative functions at CytoViva. This includes cash flow management, payroll, tax and export regulatory oversight and many other day to day administration functions required to insure smooth corporate operations.
Prior to CytoViva, John served in senior management roles in the telecommunications and pharmaceutical industries and in startup technology ventures. John received his bachelor of liberal studies from Millsaps College.
Executive Vice President, Sales and Marketing
Since 2005, Byron has led the deployment of CytoViva’s microscopy and hyperspectral imaging technology into hundreds of research labs worldwide. Over this time, CytoViva’s technology has become a standard for many nanotechnology-centric research segments such nano-toxicology and nano-drug delivery and is now advancing into new markets such as pathology and photovoltaics. Byron is involved in every aspect of the customer experience from onsite product demonstrations, assisting customers with grant submissions for system acquisitions to onsite installations and training.
Additionally, Byron leads the development and implementation of the promotional and market messaging efforts for the company through its website, social media and other promotional mediums. He also supports CytoViva’s distribution partners throughout Asia and Europe with a focus on ensuring customers around the globe can effectively leverage CytoViva’s technologies.
Finally, Byron serves as a liaison between CytoViva’s technical development team and the customer, to properly align the utility of CytoViva’s technology advancements and the needs of the end-user.
Prior to his role at CytoViva, Byron successfully served in senior leadership roles for numerous entrepreneurial technology development organizations. He is a graduate of Mississippi State University where he began his career as a soil and water biochemistry research technician.
James Beach, Ph.D
Director, Technology Department
Dr. James Beach brings over eighteen years of experience in imaging systems to direct CytoViva’s hyperspectral systems development program. Dr. Beach, who joined CytoViva in 2008, led the initial development and deployment of CytoViva’s first hyperspectral imaging product offering. As director of technology development, Dr. Beach leads the effort to create new imaging and analysis capabilities for the CytoViva product line.
In 2000, Dr. Beach co-founded an ophthalmic imaging company located in Reykjavik, Iceland, which markets a retinal oxygen monitoring camera system based on his original work at the University of Virginia. Over the past decade, he has been involved in the miniaturization of hyperspectral detector systems under NASA-sponsored research programs at the Stennis Space Center, and has contributed to NIH-funded eye research as an adjunct research professor at the Louisiana State University Eye Center in New Orleans, LA. Dr. Beach received a Space Foundation Hall of Fame award in 2005 for his contributions to portable hyperspectral imaging systems.
At CytoViva, Dr. Beach is actively involved in extending the range of applications for hyperspectral microscopy, including both visible and near infrared spectral imaging, three-dimensional volume imaging, and spectral analysis methods for nanoparticle characterization.
Dr. Beach earned his bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering in 1971 and master of science degree in bioengineering in 1976, both from the University of Michigan. He earned his doctoral degree in biomedical engineering from the University of Virginia in 1983.
Senior Manager, Technology Development and Support
Jamie Uertz is the senior manager of technology development and support for CytoViva, Inc. Jamie manages our customer onsite installations and training worldwide, as well as, serving as the technical lead for all support related issues. In addition to leading the development of the patented CytoViva 3D Imaging technology, Jamie manages the integration of CytoViva’s hyperspectral software routines with various hardware components. These efforts have expanded the hyperspectral analysis software reach and created customized routines tailored towards customers’ microscopy and nano-based applications. He is also the leader of the CytoViva’s integration and development activities with the combined Raman imaging system.
Jamie is in constant contact with customer laboratories worldwide to maximize their use of their CytoViva systems, whether it be technical or application support. His knowledge spans all aspects of the CytoViva product catalog, including optical imaging at the nanoscale, hyperspectral analysis of images, and Raman microscopy applications combined with CytoViva’s optical and hyperspectral microscopy techniques.
Jamie graduated from Auburn University with a bachelor of science degree in zoology in 1999, where he also served as a wetland mitigation expert in the Biological Services Department. He joined the CytoViva team in 2006 and is dedicated to expanding the product catalog and assisting customers with technical and application inquiries.
Senior Software and Product Developer
After serving as a software consultant in 2017, Andrew joined CytoViva as a full-time team member in early 2018 and has led all software development activities ranging from general product development to custom solutions for specific customers and or applications. Andrew also leads the software development activities related to CytoViva’s clinical diagnostic applications development. As a programmer, he helps to identify and solve issues for CytoViva’s customers, as well as, performing proof of concept work for new prospects.
In addition to his role as a software developer, Andrew sources, builds and troubleshoots the computers that are integrated with the CytoViva systems, tailoring each build to suit the end user’s specific needs. Andrew also plays a primary role in supporting CytoViva’s imaging services laboratory. This includes conducting proof of concept imaging for new prospective customers and fee-based imaging services.
Sales Operations Manager
Carroll joined CytoViva in 2013 after graduating from Auburn University with a bachelor of science degree in human resource management and a minor in supply chain management.
During her time at CytoViva, Carroll has established herself as a trusted partner for both customers and vendors. She is an expert in all of CytoViva’s enhanced darkfield and hyperspectral imaging system configurations, which includes various custom system configurations based on researchers’ applications and requirements. She now continues to support existing and potential customers by answering inquiries related to system compatibility, along with any additional software or hardware questions. She also manages vendor relationships by supporting the implementation of new hardware and software components between CytoViva and our vendors.
Carroll still supports all previous operational responsibilities at CytoViva and is managing many new aspects in her program manager role. Currently, she has been working on expanding her relationships with key stakeholders, by keeping communication lines open between researchers and the CytoViva team, as well as, supporting CytoViva’s international distribution partners. She is also managing the CytoViva web presence and multiple marketing efforts implemented within the company. With her knowledge in operations, management, and marketing, Carroll can easily support and help manage customer-centric service through high-quality relationships with for CytoViva’s potential clients, customers, and vendors.


Resolving the high ping problem on Minecraft servers
The most common cause for ping spikes in Minecraft is inadequate bandwidth. It can occur with slower broadband speeds with multiple devices connected. Try disconnecting devices that are not in use.
Firewalls are known for restricting traffic from certain online games such as Minecraft Multi-player. The anti-virus or firewall intercepts and reviews every packet of data sent and received. This process can be time-consuming, and in some cases, data packets can be lost. By whitelisting Badlion Client in your firewall & anti-virus software, you can shave a few milliseconds off your ping time. Try disabling them temporarily.
Ensure that your CPU is not maxing out. If your computer is hitting the max CPU usage, you need to check what is causing the CPU spikes. This will cause a delay in input and random "ping" spikes (because your computer is lagging).


The aperture itself is based on this instructable, though there were definitely issues with that design. I made an adjustment to have the interior disc's slots a little wider and then I mounted that into the tp of the box.
The reason I had to build something to limit the incoming light was that in the open version, the light source was too dificult to stabilize. With this version I could more carefully place the light source and adjust the aperture width to get a roughly 50-50 split between red and blue lighting up.
I'm still concerned that this implementation isn't fully quantum though because of noise in the circuit and variation in lighting due to movement. If you have an idea about how to fix these issues or if you see other problems I haven't thought of,


Electrical Home Safety Inspection
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Making sure your home continues to function in a proper and safe manner is important and requires the right electrical professional to know how to perform a thorough electrical home safety inspection. Fortunately, our team of Triad Electrical Services experts will know just what to look for when it comes to residential electrical hazards.
An electrical home inspection from Triad Electrical Services covers:
- Verification of proper light bulb wattage
- Switch and wall outlet operation and condition
- Shock or electrocution hazards
- Verification that arc fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs) are operating properly
- A check of all safety and security lighting
- Confirmation of grounding systems
- Validation of appropriate surge protection
- Verification of the proper placement of smoke detectors
- Testing of smoke detectors
- Testing of carbon monoxide detectors
- Inspection of the electrical panel for appropriate labels, amps, and operation
- An examination of outdoor electrical systems
- A detailed, prioritized report on all areas of attention concerning the electrical system of your home
We are the #1 electrical home safety inspection service in Cary and the surrounding areas. Give us a call today for free to schedule an appointment for your inspection.
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There are immense benefits to having a regular electrical home safety inspection. Whether you’ve dealt with an electrical emergency or not, no homeowner wants to worry about a frightening or ill-prepared situation. Your everyday life is busy enough without having to deal with a costly emergency.
What are the other great benefits of having an electrical home safety inspection?
Keep Your System Efficient – If your home or business gets a regular electrical inspection, your electrical system will always run at top performance, with electricians being able to catch any issues that may become a bigger problem. This will not only make your electronics perform better, but you’ll also save on bills from your worn-down electronics.
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Our professionals will finish your lighting on time and leave you completely satisfied.
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With the average American spending 90% of their life indoors, making sure your home stays safe and comfortable for you and your family is important. Having a regular electrical home safety inspection will help keep you and your family at ease. In addition, hiring a professional electrician to perform the inspection efficiently, knowing when to hire your professional electrician is equally important. Triad is committed to helping Cary families stay safe and protect their biggest investments: their homes!
As your trusted Cary electrician, we strongly encourage you to schedule a safety inspection when:
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You may think a home inspection of your Cary electrical system is too expensive, or at the very least an unnecessary expense; but you’ll actually save more money from preventing damage to your home’s electrical system through a safety inspection than you will by waiting until a problem arises to call a Cary electrician for electrical repairs.
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Hello! Welcome to the official website of Jiangmen Xu Hao Lighting Co., ltd.!
To "create a first-class enterprise, first-class quality" for the purpose, to provide the best quality products to you
Jiangmen Xu Hao lighting is a professional manufacturer of LED flexible neon lamp, LED rainbow tube, LED high pressure lamp belt and other LED products manufacturers, has a complete, scientific quality management system. Jiangmen Xu Hao lighting with LED flexible neon lights and LEDSMD high pressure lamp, LED rainbow tube as the leading development of high-tech products, with the times, the pursuit of excellence. Warmly welcome new and old customers at home and abroad to visit, visit the guide, sincere cooperation, create a better tomorrow.
Adhering to the "customer first, quality first, honesty and credit, the pursuit of excellence, forge ahead" service purposes
The accurate calculation of lighting distance to LED light distribution, within the height of LED point light source lampshade to form a surface light source increasing luminous area, anti glare
PVC flame retardant, high transmittance, soft texture
High precision phosphor bronze tin plating process, heat dissipation performance faster, more reliable, flame retardant
The LED core is the carrier of current, which is constantly moving, anti aging and burning, and its special luminescence mechanism determines the length of the luminescence lifetime


July 7, 2023
A series of interesting things I learned from my web related projects. Posts about mistakes and discoveries I made.
May 11, 2023
Learn about how to automatically optimize images on the web in Astro. It is simple, let me show you.
April 27, 2023
In this series I will make my own light based alarm clock using raspberry pi and python. Let me show you the idea, and how I've done it step by step.


Quantum computation, one of the latest joint ventures between physics and the theory of computation, is a scientific field whose main goals include the development of hardware and algorithms based on the quantum mechanical properties of those physical systems used to implement such algorithms. Solving difficult tasks (for example, the Satisfiability Problem and other NP-complete problems) requires the development of sophisticated algorithms, many ofwhich employ stochastic processes as their mathematical basis. Discrete random walks are a popular choice among those stochastic processes. Inspired on the success of discrete random walks in algorithm development, quantum walks, an emerging field of quantum computation, is a generalization of random walks into the quantum mechanical world. The purpose of this lecture is to provide a concise yet comprehensive introduction to quantum walks.
Table of Contents
Theory of Computation
Classical Random Walks
Computer Science and Quantum Walks
About the Author(s)Salvador Elias Venegas-Andraca
, Quantum Information Processing Group, Tecnol
Salvador E. Venegas-Andraca is an assistant professor of mathematics and computer science, and head of the Quantum Information Processing group at Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus Estado de Mexico. Dr Venegas-Andraca's research interests include the algorithmic properties of quantum walks, the development of quantum algorithms for solving classical problems and simulating quantum systems, as well as the understanding and application of non-conventional models of computation. Dr Venegas-Andraca is particularly interested in understanding how to develop quantum and classical strategies for solving problems from the field of molecular biology, particularly protein folding. Dr Venegas-Andraca holds a BSc in Computer Science and Digital Electronics from Tecnologico de Monterrey, as well as MSc and PhD degrees in Computer Science and Quantum Computation respectively, both degrees from the University of Oxford. He is a true devotee of science, computer technology, history, philosophy and politics.


OQ TECHNOLOGY is the world’s first global satellite 5G IoT operator providing uninterrupted cellular coverage for your assets and machines anywhere on the planet.Discover
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Our dual-mode satellite-cellular IoT modem and tracker is a plug and play small, low-cost, and low-power solution that can collect data from more than 1000 sensors, has built-in GPS, and supports 5G NB-IoT, GSM, LTE-M, and bi-directional Satellite links – Data prepaid bundles range from few Kbytes to Megabytes per day!Discover
In the Media
May 15, 2023
- Press Releases
Saudi Arabia to benefit from new satellite IoT services developed by iot squared and OQ Technology
New partnership aims to improve traffic, energy, safety and quality of life
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 15 May 2023 – iot squared, an Internet of things (IoT) technology company and a joint venture between Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund (PIF) and stc Group (stc), has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with OQ Technology, the world's first global satellite telecom operator for IoT connectivity using 5G protocol. The MoU was signed by Shabbab Al Ghamdi -Public IoT Solutions VP, and Omar Qaise, Founder and CEO of OQ Technology.
Apr 17, 2023
- Private Network
- Commercial Services
OQ Technology Starts Commercial Service Using Its 5G Satellite Constellation for IoT Devices
OQ Technology, the pioneer of 5G IoT (Internet of Things) satellite services, has announced the first commercial contract for using the world’s first constellation of LEO satellites to provide 5G coverage for IoT devices. The contract, close to 1 million EUR, is with an unnamed customer described as one of the world’s largest oil and gas companies. The initial customer service package covers the year 2023 with the option for future extension plans.
OQ Technology also launches the world’s first secure private network service based on a 5G IoT satellite constellation in LEO
Mar 17, 2023
- Press Releases
Government of Luxembourg grants Space Activity License to OQ Technology
The operator of the world’s first narrowband-IoT constellation for 5G connectivity among the first to receive the new license.
The Government of Luxembourg has granted OQ Technology a Space Activity License for future satellite launches and operations as part of its growing satellite constellation in Low Earth Orbit (LEO).


Radar Level Sensors
| ||The function principle of the impulse radar (microwave) level meter is TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry). The electronics transmits very short electrical pulses (0.5 ns), which are linked to a one-wire transmission line (measuring electrode). Measuring electrode can be created of rod or rope. The pulse propagates along the electrode in the form of electromagnetic wave toward the level surface, where it is partly reflected and the reflected component is returned to the receiving module of the electronics. The electronics measures the time of flight of electromagnetic wave and appropriately sets the value of the output signal. |
The method is resistant against changes in the atmosphere (pressure, temperature, dust, steam) and to changes in medium parameters (change in dielectric constant, conductivity).
GRLM-70 Radar Level Sensor
- Radar level meter with guided wave
- Universal use, direct mounting into containers, silos, vessels, reservoirs, etc.
- Quick view measured values on the display
- Level measurement of aggressive liquids
- Linear measurement in non-conductive and in differently shaped containers
- Current output (4 ... 20 mA), HART protocol ®