Automation & Robotics
What is Automation & Robotics?
Today most robots are used in manufacturing operations; the applications can be divided into three categories: (1) material handling, (2) processing operations, and (3) assembly and inspection. Material-handling applications include material transfer and machine loading and unloading. Material-transfer applications require the robot to move materials or work parts from one location to another. Many of these tasks are relatively simple, requiring robots to pick up parts from one conveyor and place them on another. In robotic processing operations, the robot manipulates a tool to perform a process on the work part. Examples of such applications include welding, sanding, polishing, and spray painting. Spot welding of automobile bodies is one of the most common applications of industrial robots in the United States. The robot positions a spot welder against the automobile panels and frames to complete the assembly of the basic car body. Sanding and polishing are ideal applications for finishing prior to painting . Spray painting involves the manipulation of a spray-painting gun over the surface of the object to be coated. Other operations in this category include grinding, polishing, and routing, in which a rotating spindle serves as the robot's tool. The third application area of industrial robots is assembly and inspection. The use of robots in assembly is expected to increase because of the high cost of manual labour common in these operations. Inspection is another area of factory operations in which the utilization of robots is growing. In a typical inspection job, the robot positions a sensor with respect to the work part and determines whether the part is consistent with the quality specifications.
What are Cobots?
Cobots are cost effective, flexible, safe and user-friendly collaborative robots that work closely with people in production environments. Collaborating robots are making automation easier than ever before for small and medium sized businesses. Thanks to technological development, cobots is the future of the automation industry. Discover the significant benefits you can obtain by automating your production – all of these benefits have made the cobots a game-changer within the industrial and collaborative robot industry.
Who Is Universal Robotics?
In 2005, Universal Robots is officially founded, with the goal of making robot technology accessible to small and medium-sized enterprises. We believe that collaborative robotic technology can be used to benefit all aspects of task-based businesses – no matter what their size. Our robot arms are advanced tools that can be used by all levels of production to help increase productivity, reduce injury, and boost morale. With a Universal Robots robot arm, you can automate and streamline repetitive or potentially unsafe processes, so staff can be assigned to jobs that provide them with new challenges. We believe that the latest collaborative robot technology should be available to all businesses. The nominal investment cost is quickly recovered as our robotic arms have an average payback period of just six months.
Dynabrade orbital sanders are now fully integrated with UR cobots through the UR+ platform. Another manual task now addressed by cobots is sanding. Dynabrade's new robotic sander kit includes a pneumatic sander, robot mount, and a solenoid enabling robotic operation via the UR teach pendant. Dynabrade is finding that many customers are interested in mounting our tools on robots. Cobots are very affordable and user-friendly, allowing our end users to bring automation into their workplace without the expense and learning curve of traditional robots. UR being the leader in the cobot industry, it is obvious to bring Dynabrade sanders to the UR+ platform.Request Information Download Literature
What Are URCaps?
Caps are to robots, what apps are to smart phones: useful accessories, hardware and software extending the capabilities of UR robots handling many different tasks. Now Universal Robots has created a platform for robot users worldwide providing a shortcut to proven combinations of robots and accessories. URCaps is a platform where distributors and integrators can present accessories that run successfully in UR robot applications at end users. Any supplier of robotic accessories and solutions that have proven to be suitable for UR robots can download an application form. After this, the dialogue with Universal Robots begins. If the proposal is approved by UR, suppliers can now offer their products directly to interested buyers - in the countries where the CAPS are sold. The first URCaps are a combination of workbenches, vision solutions, cables, jaws and grippers. Caps is an abbreviation of the word capabilities. The first 24 caps are already featured on the platform. These caps have been through a thorough trial integration testing, a vital requirement that URCaps must be proven and in use within the industry.Download DYN-1.0 URCap


How does it work?
Focus Fractional Radio Frequency is the 3rd generation of RF Technology. It utilises three or more poles/electrodes to deliver the radio frequency energy under the skin. This energy is controlled and limited to the treatment area. Key advantages of this technology are high treatment efficacy, no pain as less energy is required , shorter treatment services and variable depths of penetration.
Why Choose 3D-lipo?
- A complete approach to the problem
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- Inch loss
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페이지 정보작성자 Gogi Tech 작성일20-10-07 00:00 조회7회 댓글0건
This is the World's first SLED TV the realme Smart TV SLED 4K 55" the price in India is Rs. 42,999 but for limited period you can get for Rs. 39,999. Check out the video to know more about the LED, SLED and QLED.
You can buy the realme Smart TV SLED 4K 55" here at https://buy.realme.com/in/goods/265
#realme4ksled #realmetv #realmeSmartSLEDTV
(c) Gogi Tech | Like | Share | Subscribe
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Announcing partnership to promote the use of AI in medical diagnostics.
Katalysen has been working for more than a year with leading medical, imaging and
artificial intelligence experts on developing technology for advanced, machine-based, diagnostics in
orthopedics. Given the encouraging results, Katalysen has decided to accept the invitation to
participate as a co-founder in Swiss MedTech startup Med4cast which has been incorporated to encapsulate
current and develop future intellectual property generated from the enterprise.


The latest version of HDMI cable has been released recently in the market and the good news for all the gamers is that the brand new HDMI 2.1 cable comes with Xbox Sequence X, PlayStation 5 or Xbox Sequence S which is able to recreate in 4K at 120 Hz.
HDMI 2.1 is an updated version of previous HDMI cable which expands the HDMI bandwidth as much as 48Gbps. It also permits flexibility in a wide range of excellent features like VRR (variable refresh fee), eARC (enhanced audio return channel) and ALLM (Auto Low Latency Mode).
Additionally, it helps to improve the refresh rate charges and excessive decisions like 4K120 and 8K60. It is quite definite that it will improve the console gaming considerably.
HDMI cable and TV Cable have to help HDMI 2.1 which unlocks these options. Nilay Patel, Chris Welch and Dieter Bohn, all three experts talked about these HDMI 2.1 standards in an interview for a special Vergecast Holiday Episode.
In this special episode, these experts discussed various factors like essential factors to look at while buying a new TV, seriousness of the TV manufacturers about integrating the new HDMI 2.1 in TV sets and the whole process of implementation of these new standards throughout this industry.
Chris and Dieter have a word with aforementioned Samit Sarkar regarding the state of TVs, availability of HDMI 2.1 and next-generation gaming in consumer tech at the moment.


Lead acid battery chemical reactions
Working principles of & reactions of a lead-acid battery
All Batteries are electrochemical systems which function as a source of electrical Power and energy. Each system has 2 electrodes (Positive and Negative), electrolyte and separator. Most electrochemical systems have a metal oxide or oxygen itself as Positive and a metal as Negative. The systems can be further classified as Primary and secondary batteries. The primary batteries are for one-time use; while the secondary batteries can be discharged and recharged several times.
Some of the commercially established and successful secondary batteries are given in following table:
|Electrochemical system||Positive Electrode||Negative||Electrolyte||Remarks|
|Lead Acid Battery||Lead Peroxide PBO2||Lead metal in spongy form||Dilute Sulphuric acid||Electrolyte used in reactions + conducting electronic ions|
|Lithium ion battery||Lithium with oxide of Cobalt, Nickel, Manganese, Iron||Graphite, Silicon with (intercalated) bound Lithium||Organic solvent mixture for lithium salts||Electrolyte to conduct lithium ions between 2 electrodes - No chemical reactions|
|Nickel Cadmium||Nickel oxyhydroxide Ni(O) OH||Cadmium Metal||Dilute Potassium Hydroxide||Electrolyte only to conduct electronic ions|
|Nickel Metal Hydride||Nickel oxyhydroxide Ni(O) OH||Hydrogen absorbed in a metal alloy||Dilute Potassium Hydroxide||Electrolyte only to conduct electronic ions|
Lead Acid battery has 3 main working components:
- Lead Dioxide (PbO₂) forms the Porous Positive Electrode.
- Lead in Spongy condition forms the porous Negative electrode.
- Dilute Sulphuric acid of density varying from 1.200 to 1.280 specific gravity is the electrolyte. In VRLA batteries the volume of acid is low. Therefore, a higher specific gravity of acid like 1.300 -1.320 is commonly used to achieve the designed capacity.
The electrodes are made porous using special additives during the manufacture, to ensure reactions occur throughout the bulk of the battery plate. The battery separator (a non-conductor) helps in isolating the 2 electrodes from shorting; but allows the electronic ions to pass through with minimum electrical resistance.
When battery is connected to a load (discharge), the lead atom on the negative plate splits into lead ion (Pb²⁺) and 2 electrons. The electrons which form the fundamental unit of current, originates at negative plate and flows through the negative terminal into the external circuit.
After passing through the load the electrons arrive at the positive terminal. The electrons convert (reduces) the lead dioxide to lead ions.
In both positive and negative electrodes, the lead ions (Pb²⁺) react with sulphuric acid to form LEAD SULPHATE. (Double Sulphate theory of Gladstone). In other electrochemical systems like Nickel Cadmium batteries, Lithium ion batteries, the electrolytes do not take part in the reactions. Their role is only to conduct the ions between the two electrodes.
Reactions during Discharge (Which is the Main Function of a Battery)
Pb (Negative) → Pb²⁺ + 2 e⁻ ——————————1
PbO₂( Positive) Pb⁴⁺ + 2 e⁻ → Pb²⁺ —————————–2
Pb²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ (from acid)→ PbSO₄ ( in both electrodes)——–3
During Charging of a Discharged lead acid battery, all the 3 reactions take place in the reverse direction, The above is the simplified chemical and electrochemical reactions taking place in lead acid battery making it the most dependable RECHARGEABLE battery system or SECONDARY Battery system.
What is the difference between primary & secondary battery? While primary batteries are use & throw & cannot be recharged; secondary batteries, on charging, all the 3 components – positive, negative and acid are regenerated.
Thus a rechargeable or secondary cell / battery is created. Hence the name secondary battery
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Tubular Gel Valve Regulated lead Acid Battery are lead acid batteries with tubular positive plates for cyclic applications and it is sealed for its service life and are maintenance free. The Gel is manufactured in a secret recipe with German technology, where the electrolyte is jellified in a fumed silica base.
What is an inverter battery used for? Not so long ago, the inverter battery was predominantly used in commercial applications such as power stations and the automotive industry for backup power. Nowadays, we see more and more private households utilizing this convenient energy source as a solution for power cuts or where mains electricity is not accessible.


Amazing New Earth Photos From Space At Night
Here are some Amazing New Earth Photos From Space At Night. If I was a apace alien, I would want to land on earth, just because it is so beautiful.
NASA scientists give us a (never seen before) look of Earth during the night.Tell us what you think, Baby Boomers.
Earth at Night
According to NASA: This view of Earth at night is a cloud-free view from space as acquired by the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Satellite.
A joint program by NASA and NOAA, Suomi NPP captured this nighttime image by the day-night band of the satellite’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite VIIRS.
It combines the Earth at night view created by NASA’s Earth Observatory with data processed by NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center with the EO Blue Marble: Next Generation.
The big blue marble could not be more beautiful. For more Amazing New Earth Photos From Space At Night, go to NASA.gov.


ORLANDO, Fla. — While Florida is no stranger to hurricanes at ground level, the Earth once experienced a 620-mile-wide “space hurricane.”
That’s what researchers were calling a phenomenon that formed over the North Pole in 2014 captured for the first time by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. Instead of wind and rain, though, the “space hurricane” was whipping around electrons. Made up of plasma, the vortex spun counter-clockwise and lasted about eight hours, according to the research compiled by scientists from the University of Reading and Shandong University in China.
They published their findings in the journal Nature Communications.
“Here, we report a long-lasting space hurricane in the polar ionosphere and magnetosphere during low solar and otherwise low geomagnetic activity,” the paper’s abstract reads. “This hurricane shows strong circular horizontal plasma flow with shears, a nearly zero-flow center, and a coincident cyclone-shaped aurora caused by strong electron precipitation associated with intense upward magnetic field-aligned currents.”
The paper said the “space hurricane” fed large amounts of energy and momentum into the ionosphere. Bursts of solar wind can disrupt the GPS satellite systems that orbit Earth, and this phenomenon is an example of why scientists monitor space weather.
This marks the first time the existence of a “space hurricane” has been found. Researchers suggest that “space hurricanes” could be present on other planets as well across the universe.


|Skills/Subjects:||civic media, ibm, internet of things, iot, open data, open government, prototyping, usability|
As part of my Array of Things project, I first sought to explore how to involve the public from the beginning of such project. The project was a joint collaboration of RNOC and my project group: Aditya Kulkarni, Chandan Hebbale, Shari Ebanks, and Wen Hua, and was advised by Thad Starner.
Our research goal was to examine the usability and design characteristics of these prototyping kits and develop a set of design considerations for a kit dedicated to smart citizens for civic hacking. This work is in the scope of “citizen-ability,” the pursuit of citizen user experience design for strengthening the efficacy of citizenry and its polity. Our practical target was to help design for making. Makers may appreciate knowing what technology is best to start working with, and even experienced makers would not likely use a particularly complicated product. By figuring out what characteristics of prototyping technology is most usable for citizens to design and build with, we can inform the creation of new technologies that accelerate the transition from curious citizens to smart citizens. We hope that this research will help smart citizens in actively building their future city and future world.
ProtoCity is a nascent attempt at helping citizens prototype and actively build their future city.
We have found from the literature reviewed that there is significant tension between top-down smart city initiatives versus bottom-up, but we also find a great deal of inspiration from new forms of making together, such as the maker and hacker communities, especially in civic interests. We have also learned that there may be significant issues of usability and appropriate design of artifacts designed by those who are not end-users. This is also true of smart city technology, in that citizens should be centered in the design of components of and ultimate realization of their smart city. By informing kit designers, engineers, and programmers about these usability issues, we believe they may better understand and design for the needs of smart citizens, they could more appropriately put to market solutions that feed this movement.
In conjunction with this effort, I advised another team of undergraduate students—Stefan Bjelcevic, Jonathan Jemson, Naveena Karusala, and David Purcell—on a project more closely related to the second goal in AoT: designing for scale. I asked them to use the App Lab’s resources (e.g. smart phones, prototyping kits, and tutors) to create a device that can be at least a semi-reliable node in Atlanta’s AoT in the following conditions:
- Where there is no obvious way to be powered
- Where internet access is not already available
- Where exposure to the elements will likely affect the thing/node
- Where vandalism is common
With some periodic help and connecting them to resources, the team created a device they called a LAMB (for Light And Motion Based Safety).
The prototype in the video was found to be fairly unnoticeable and remained exposed to the elements for some time without any issue. Their second iteration on the device included solar power and integration with LoRaWAN technology on Arduino using their WOOL (Wireless Omnisensor Over LoRaWAN) protocol, as well as improved housing for physical robustness. More details on their work can be found in their academic paper.
After this project, I moved to Austin, Texas to work with IBM, where I am now working on replicating the LAMB and integrating some aspects of it with the ProtoCity project and AoT development in Austin. This would also include more detailed comparisons of prototyping kits in a format similar to this tool by Cooper


Parth H. Pathak
|I am an assistant professor in the Computer Science Department at George Mason University. Before joining Mason, I was a postdoc at University of California, Davis where I worked with Dr. Prasant Mohapatra. I received my Ph.D. in Computer Science from North Carolina State University in 2012.
I received the UC Davis award for excellence in postdoctoral research for 2015.
RESEARCH INTERESTSThe focus of my research is to make wireless networks and mobile systems more efficient, accessible, robust and truly pervasive. I am currently interested in the following topics -
Multiple Research Assistant Positions Available:
Looking to recruit PhD, visiting scholars, MS and undergraduate students interested in wireless networking and mobile computing related research. Interested students can contact me at email@example.com.
Office: ENGR 5318
Phone: (703) 993-6232


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Meet PULSE-NET; A Whole New Kind Of Internet That Can Never Be Shut Down
Open source PULSE-NET uses the stars in the sky, the sun and immovable mountains and buildings for position sensing. This way, your location can't be spied on and when a solar blast, or space warfare, knocks out all of the GPS satellites, you are still good to go. The reason the USA, China and Russian have created official "Space Forces" is because everyone has heard the plans to blow up or EMF-blast each other nations satellites.
Celestial navigation has been around for centuries. With modern technology, you can even use it in the daytime.
Also, you don't need a satellite to tell you to go so many feet in one direction and then so many feet in the next direction. You just need a surface measuring tool like a pedometer, mileage indicator or laser measure.
An evil corporation or media cartel can't hide, censor, down-rank or stop anybody from finding the stars. That is not a thing they can manipulate.
So how do you get a network with no wires and no servers?
Easy, you just pulse the data out and pick it up later, like a dust devil spraying particles across the desert.
Even streaming video is not actually real-time data. Most TV shows were made long ago. You are not watching much of anything that does not have a few seconds delay on it.
By pulsing the data out on regular radio frequencies, light bursts and a wide mix of electromagnetic frequencies there is enough data space in the world to cover every known communication and media need.
AT&T, Comcast, YouTube and the other big corporate giants are going to launch a multi-billion dollar disinformation campaign to try to stop you from trying this because they can't control it...but...
It is one kind of technology that they can never control. They can't block the stars and they can't mask all of the plain old radio signals.
Forget about their 2G and 3G and 4G signals. You don't need it. Forget about their fiber optic and cable tv cables. You don't need them.
AT&T, Comcast and Youtube want you inside their walled garden. You want freedom. A PULSE-NET connection is what you want.
WHERE DO YOU GET ONE?
Programmers around the world are working on this technology now. Soon, open source, $15.00 U.S. circuit boards will be available for anyone to play with.
Just like the Raspberry Pi launched a whole new kind of public computer system, Pulse-Net is launching a whole new kind of internet system. As with Raspberry, at first there was just one kind. Now there are thousands of different Pi-like micro-PC boards.
The technology is far more than just peer to peer mesh networking. It is a global effort to put the web back in the hands of the public.
Using a Pulse-Net is free forever. You never have to pay to use the web again.
If you can program or make rudimentary circuit boards you are now the AT&T of the world.
THE "INTERNET" VS. THE "WEB"
The "Internet" is the corporation controlled network that looks like a single point with rays of connections spreading out from it.
The "Web" is the public operated mesh of free networks that looks like a spider web or fish-net kind of structure.
On the "Internet" that single point is usually the boss corporations in Silicon Valley. They don't want you to see anything that does not agree with their ideologies and politics. Their limits on your freedom have created the censorship crisis that has the world up in arms. That single point makes Silicon Valley oligarchs the gate-keepers of your information, privacy and news. Nobody likes that.
With a "Web" structure as your internet, you can connect anywhere in the world using almost anything around you like game boxes, phones, Pulse boards, TV's, smart cars, wireless appliances, walkie talkies... you name it.
The future is here and it can't be censored, cut off or charged for!


Portable garden floodlight with paper box
|Terms of Trade:||FOB,EXW|
|Min. Order:||200 Piece/Pieces|
|Delivery Time:||25-28 Days|
|Place of Origin:||Jiangmen China|
|Port:||Yan Tian,She Kou|
Model No.: MD-PT54200W-WHITE
Portable garden floodlight with paper box
Portable garden floodlight with paper box,Although the existing solar floodlights can illuminate the scene very well, when they are used, the connecting wires on the solar floodlights are often messy entangled together, which will not only affect the user's work in the process Efficiency, it is very likely to damage the wires inside the connection line, causing the solar floodlight to not be used normally, and the use effect is not good. For this reason, we have proposed a portable solar floodlight.
1. MULTIFUNCTION: solar flood lights outdoor- Adjustable Timing Function, you can choose 3 hours, 6 hours or even 8 hours.Easily control your Solar Powered Flood Light through remote control.
2. Cordless & Easy Installation: this solar powered flood lights with adjustable wall mount bracket. You can mount this all-in-one solar light on a wall or on a pole without any additional wires. The recommended installation height is 10ft-16ft
3. RATING WATERPROOF: This solar powered outdoor flood lights is the IP67 waterproof class allows you to install optionally in any corner of the room or outside. Gives you lots of flexibility for excellent lighting solutions.
4. Energy Save: No electricity cost, entirely solar powered and wireless installation, which can save your cost
5. Super Bright: Solar powered street light Built-in large storage battery over 20000mah, can illuminate an area of more than 200 square meter.
brightest solar flood lights Product Specification:
Li-ion Battery : 3.2V 20AH 32650
Charging time: 4-6Hrs
With Charging indicator
Solar panel：5V 20W polycrystalline silicon solar panel
Solar panel size : 460*350*17mm
Luminous : 1400LM
Working mode：Auto+Remote control
Rainy days it can last:：2-3 days
LED Type:5730 1S304 P
Built-in photoelectric sensor, Auto-on/Off Dusk to Dawn
Easy to install, waterproof, dustproof and durable
No pollution, energy saving and environmental protection
Build-in Lithium iron phosphate battery, high-temperature resistance and long lifespan
IP65 waterproof grade, all aluminum lamp body, aluminum alloy frame + tempered glass
Once the ON/OFF mode key is pressed, the automatic light control will be turned off.
If you want to turn on the light automatically at night and turn off the light automatically during the day, you need to press the AUTO key to activate the light control switch.
Otherwise, the solar panel will not automatically turn on the light at night.
Solar panel should be placed where can receive maximum sunlight directly.
Illumination time depends on the weather, seasons, places, etc
Jiangmen Biaosheng Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
Jiangmen Bingsheng Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd. is located in the high-tech development zone of Jiangmen City, the first hometown of overseas Chinese in China. It is adjacent to the ancient town of Zhongshan, which is known as the world's lamp capital. The geographical position is superior and the traffic is fast and convenient. The company is a comprehensive lighting enterprise integrating R&D, production, sales and service of LED solar lamps. Its main products are LED solar street lamps, solar floodlights and its core kits. Companies adhering to the "customer first, integrity and win-win" business philosophy, "scientific and technological innovation, quality first" as the core competitiveness, "to achieve success, and seek common development" talent values, Actively attract all outstanding talents, committed to the green environmental protection and the sunshine industry, to provide customers with superior quality and reasonable price products. Biaosheng currently has an efficient professional team with LED industry skills and modern management. It continuously introduces automatic production equipment and precision testing instruments, adopts advanced manufacturing technology and supports ERP. Software and OA office system, strictly implement 5S management and ISO9001 quality management standards. And through independent research and development, has a number of intellectual property rights, and strive to become the standard of the solar lighting industry. Forerunners and ascending initiates. The company is willing to carry out sincere business cooperation with all partners to give full play to the value of light and jointly create more social contributions to the lighting industry.
- Company Name: Jiangmen Biaosheng Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd.
- Representative: Chenggen Zhou
- Product/Service: Solar lights , Solar flood lights , Solar street lights , Solar spot lights , Solar lights outdoor , Solar light LED
- Capital (Million US $): 2，000，000RMB
- Year Established: 2019
- Total Annual Sales Volume (Million US $): US$10 Million - US$50 Million
- Export Percentage: 91% - 100%
- Total Annual Purchase Volume (Million US $): US$5 Million - US$10 Million
- No. of Production Lines: 10
- No. of R&D Staff: 11 -20 People
- No. of QC Staff: 5 -10 People
- OEM Services Provided: yes
- Factory Size (Sq.meters): 5,000-10,000 square meters
- Factory Location: NO.46 Keyuan Xi Road, Jianghai District, Jiangmen, Guangdong
- Contact Person: Mr. Ben
- Tel: 86-0750-3099592
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Finally, the Nikon D500 has been announced. Right alongside is the D5. They both boast 4k video, while the D500 has 10fps up to 200 frames the D5 has 12. They share the 20k multi-cam auto focusing system with 153 AF points. They both share 180k-Pixel RGB Sensor and Group Area AF. The D500 has a 3.2" 2,539k-Dot Tilting Touchscreen LCD while the D5 has 3.2" 2.36m-Dot Touchscreen LCD Monitor. A touch screen monitor on a D5? This is very interesting. The D500 has Native ISO 51200, Extend to ISO 1640000, while the D5 has Native ISO 102400, Extend to ISO 3280000. Thats right over 3 million ISO. The video covers more details of this exciting announcement from Nikon.
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Secom provides full-service electronic security integration for computers. The professional staff installs and repair network systems for long-term use. View its website to learn more about their commercial and governmental services.
- Fax: 443-276-6865
- Founding Date: 2004
- Payments accepted: MasterCard, Personal Check, Visa
- Products: Security System Itegration, CCTV, Access Control, IDS
- Computers and electronics brands: Pelco, Bosch, Amag, Andover Controls, Integral Technologies
- Computer & electronics services: Consulting, Installation


- System requirements for SoundTaxi Platinim and SoundTaxi Professional
- System requirements for SoundTaxi Pro+VideoRip and SoundTaxi Media Suite
Note, Audio / Video converting operation are quite intensive and usually require more CPU / RAM (memory) than regular computer usage. Therefore: the more powerful computer you have got - the faster conversion would be. Our developers team spent dozens of hours optimizing the code to make sure our software works as fast as possible to save your time and grant you with pleasure from using SoundTaxi and other our products.
One of the most annoying problems about video conversion is its low speed, when it takes much longer to convert movie than to watch it. Ideally video conversion should take minimum time and effort and at the same time provide quality output results. Yet in practice we often face the fact that conversion of an average two-hour movie can take us two or even three times as much as its actual duration is. But even users with powerful computers and appropriate hardware can face the above-mentioned troubles with video conversion if the conversion software they are using doesn't let them use their high performance capabilities at full scale. Users try to solve this issue with the help of GPU computing using such technologies as NVidia CUDA Optimization, ATI stream transcoding, Intel CPU Optimization. But you should note that in order to use these technologies you need to have a proper video card.


I’m always on the hunt for things to cut down the execution time of different parts in the NAHS-Bricks environment. For Example I could improve the response time of NAHS-BrickServer by 2ms with writing a background-worker for the transmission of MQTT packages. With this in mind I planed to do the same thing for writing metrics to InfluxDB in the hope to gain another one or two milliseconds.
All incoming sensor data are, besides evaluation, stored to InfluxDB for later review, drawing graphs and so on. For this purpose I wrote a connector module that offers functions for the different sensor types and uses the default InfluxDB python library to transmit the data to InfluxDB with the write_points function. This works totally fine but as write_points is a blocking function that is released after all network packages are transmitted and received from InfluxDB I saw a point of improvement.
The solution is to have a background worker that takes data, to transmit, from a (multiprocessing) queue and calls the write_points function with this data. With this worker the main process just needs to prepare the data but has not to wait for write_points to finish, as this is done in the background. Implementation of this just took 15 minutes after which I immediately fired my performance test to see if the worker in deed transmits the data to InfluxDB.
And the result was 13.5ms on avg per request! (Side note: The avg response-time was 20.5ms before the background worker) So I checked the the data in InfluxDB, as I expected something went wrong, and the data maybe never got transmitted to InfluxDB. But it did, all data was correctly saved to InfluxDB. So maybe my first test was a lucky shot, and I ran the test again. The result was 13.5ms again. After this I started digging a bit deeper, as I couldn’t believe the result, but came to the conclusion: yes, it’s valid. I’ve just improved the average response-time by 7ms (or 34%) with nearly no effort….
Why does it matter?
All Bricks are connected to BrickServer via the Brick-Interface, which is a HTTP-server receiving Delivery data from the Bricks and sending Feedback data back to them. When a Brick wakes up it gathers it’s Delivery data and then sends them out to the BrickServer. While it is waiting for the response it needs to keep WiFi up and can’t go back to sleep. This means the shorter a Brick has to wait the earlier it can go back to sleep. Which saves consumed power that extends the overall lifetime of the battery before it needs a recharge. And one of the main goals of NAHS-Bricks is to focus on battery driven sensors, with a maximum possible lifetime.
In conclusion: In theory the improvement in response-time should improve the battery lifetime.
But does it really matter?
As I lately received a Power Profiler Kit 2 (PPK2) by Nordic Semiconductor I took the chance and captured the power consumption of a NAHS-RHTBrick in different configurations with and without running the background worker on NAHS-BrickServer.
- Static sleep delay of 10 seconds
- Power cycled for each test
- Configured pin D6 to be pulled low immediately before communication with BrickServer starts and pulled high immediately after response from BrickServer received. This ensures I can select exactly the relevant part of the capture for collecting data
- Power Profiler
- Powers NAHS-RHTBrick trough battery terminal with 3.9ish volts
- NAHS-RHTBricks pin D6 is connected to digital channel 0
- Resolution set to maximum
- Capture time set to 100 seconds (this captures 9 transmissions to NAHS-BrickServer for each testrun (Fig. 1))
- Testrun with one HDC1080 humidity reading
- Testrun with one HDC1080 humidity reading and two DS18B20 temperature readings
- Testrun with one HDC1080 humidity reading and four DS18B20 temperature readings
- MongoDB and InfluxDB is cleared before each testrun
- Testruns done with
- either background worker enabled (async)
- or inline write_points function calls (sync)
In total 6 testruns were done 3 with sync InfluxDB connection with one, three and five sensors connected to Brick and 3 with async InfluxDB connection with one, three and five sensors connected to Brick. For each testrun I collected all nine measurements which results in 27 samples for each (sync, async) BrickServer configuration.
The reason why I choose to do testruns with different sensor counts is, that I was unsure if a difference is measurable between sync and async with just one sensor. This is because every sensor issues a write_points call, which sum up with three or five sensors. But as you are going to see even with just one sensor there was a measurable difference. (Take a look at Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 for a direct comparison)
Here are the average time, current and charge values for each testrun:
|BrickServer Mode||Sensor Count||AVG Time(ms)||AVG Current (mA)||AVG Charge (mAs)||AVG Charge (mAh)|
Putting everything together; the use of a background worker for InfluxDB results in 7ms time saving in synthetic tests. This improvement is in fact measurable with a average saving of 5ms time and 100nAh charge for each wake of a Brick. This is by far not a huge impact but it is an improvement in the end. Also it was quiet some fun to come along this journey 😉
If anyone is interested in reviewing my sampled data I’ve uploaded an archive with all raw data. The ppk files can be opened with power profile which is part of nRF Connect by Nordic Semiconductor that can be found here: https://www.nordicsemi.com/Products/Development-tools/nRF-Connect-for-desktop


Bravida Finland wins installation assignment for Wärtsilä in Vaasa
Bravida has signed an agreement with Wärtsilä Finland Oy for the installation of electricity and ventilation in the Wärtsilä Smart Technology Hub, a new center for research, development and production in Vaasa, Finland.
Wärtsilä is a world-leading supplier in smart technologies and complete lifecycle solutions for the marine and energy markets, and supplies, among other things, propulsion systems for vessels, complete power plants, and battery solutions.
As part of its vision of a smart transport and energy sector, the company is now building its new Smart Technology Hub, a new center for research, development and production in Vaasa, Finland, and an office building.
Bravida has been commissioned to carry out all installations within electricity and ventilation in the new buildings, which have a total area of approximately 73,000 square meters.
“The project is unique in its kind, and we were looking for creative proposals to create efficient installations. We chose Bravida, as they have the size and experience of larger projects required. We believe that they will be able to help us create an efficient and good project”, says Tommy Grannas, General Manager, Real Estate at Wärtsilä Finland Oy.
Jonas Björkskog, Bravida's regional manager in Ostrobothnia, is pleased about the new assignment:
“The biggest challenge in the project is the size and height of the production hall. It will be exciting to take on this interesting project and put our expertise in both electricity and ventilation to the test. We look forward to getting started!”
Wärtsilä's total cost of the Smart Technology Hub will land around € 200 million, including office and factory buildings, logistics and infrastructure. The buildings are expected to be finalised during 2021.
For further information, please contact:
Morten Kjellev, Head of Communications, Bravida. Phone: +46 72 226 37 79


The Women’s Center of St. Francis Hospital Offers New 3D Mammography
Roslyn, NY – St. Francis Hospital’s Women’s Center is now offering a new screening and diagnostic tool to improve the early detection of breast cancer—digital breast tomosynthesis, also known as 3D mammography.
The breakthrough technology uses three-dimensional imaging to provide a clearer, more precise view, compared to traditional digital mammography that takes two-dimensional pictures. It allows radiologists to see through layers of tissue to better examine areas of concern.
The latest FDA-approved C-View Imaging, which is being used at St. Francis, also affords patients the benefits of 3D technology without additional radiation exposure. It provides exceptionally sharp images using an advanced ergonomic design and superior screening platform.
“With this latest technology in breast imaging, coupled with our highly trained staff, we are providing the most advanced screening and diagnostic methods and quality care to our community,” said Carolyn Birnbaum, MD, director of the Women’s Center.
Studies conducted on 3D mammography have demonstrated an increase in overall breast cancer detection over 2D imaging, particularly for invasive cancers.
For more information, you can contact the Women’s Center at (516) 629-2400.


3*4000mAh Battery Pack
PSI, KPA, BAR, KG/CM²
Portable & Cordless & Fast inflation & Dual-Cylinder
- [Powerful 150 PSI and 2X Faster Tire Inflator, Lightweight and Portable] Equipped with a high-performance chip and powerful motor, the SH03 dual-cylinder tire inflator delivers an impressive airflow of 45L/Min-50L/Min, making it 2X faster than others. It can fully inflate a 205/55 R16 car tire (0-36PSI) in just 4 minutes and refill from 29-36PSI in only 1 minute. Its compact and pocket-size design ensures easy portability for everyday use.[Easy to Operate Dual Mode Power Supply, No Need to Worry] The SH03 features a built-in 12000mAh rechargeable high-capacity battery, providing continuous inflation for 40 minutes. Additionally, it can be powered by a 12V cigarette lighter using a separate cable, eliminating concerns about battery power. The quick connect air hose technology allows for easy operation, with the inflation tube connecting to the inflator in just 1 second.
[Accurate Tire Pressure Gauge, Real-time Pressure LED Display Air Pump] Equipped with an upgraded high precision chip, the SH03 ensures accurate tire pressure gauge readings. The dual large LCD display shows both real-time pressure value and preset value, allowing for convenient observation and operation. The inflator also features an auto shut-off function when reaching the preset value, eliminating the risk of over-inflation.
[5 Inflation Modes and Maximum 160 PSI Pressure, Suitable for Various Inflation Situations] The SH03 offers 5 preset inflation modes for cars, motorcycles, bicycles, balls, and manual inflation. The manual mode can reach a maximum pressure of 160 PSI, providing versatility for a wide range of inflation needs.
[Heat-Resisting Air Tube, Noise Reduction, Lighting and Charging] The SH03 is equipped with a heat-resisting air tube that effectively isolates the high temperature generated during operation. It also features noise reduction technology, allowing the air pump to work without harsh noise. The built-in LED light provides convenience for inflating and changing tires in dark conditions. Additionally, it offers a 10V/2A Type-C input and 9V/2A USB output port, serving as an emergency fast-charging power supply for your phone.
Fast Inflation Dual-Cylinder Car Tyre Pump SH03
|Power Supply||2500*3mAh Battery Pack|
|Types of Tire Pressure||PSI, KPA, BAR, KG/CM²|
|Main Feature||Portable & Cordless & Fast inflation|
Up to 160PSI, 11Bar.
Car tires, bicycle tires, motorcycle tires, road bike tires, basketballs, rugby balls, volleyballs, soccer balls, small size swim rings (including but not limited to).
Inflation flow rate of 32-35L per minute, about 2.0-2.4 bar for a typical car tire of 16 inches from about 1 minute 30 seconds.
With LED lighting, rechargeable battery function.
It uses USB-Type C cable charging.
Charging time is about 3-4 hours.
A full charge can be used for about 25 minutes.
80dB at a distance of 1 meter.
The warranty period is one year.
It is not easy to use the inflatable pump for more than 10 minutes continuously, please note that the temperature of the air tube connection may reach up to about 70°, please do not touch it immediately after finishing the inflation.
Yes, the inflatable pump can be used in -10°~40° environment.


The battery is an item which is a power source and is a key ingredient in all v1 devices.
For each new moon that you create, your character's suit will come equipped with one battery. In Explore mode, the battery will recharge your suit's status after an encounter with a hostile mob, such as an alien astronaut. With the battery equipped it will take approximately 5.5 minutes for suit status to fully recover. If unequipped the suit status will remain static. The battery does not seem to affect health recovery, and is not needed in Creative mode.
The suit's battery can be replaced with a power crystal which will cause suit status to recharge faster, approximately 2.25 minutes for a full charge from empty. This also increases the player's maximum walking speed from approximately 27 seconds per superblock (128 blocks) in both "Explore" and "Creative" modes.
An energy orb can also replace the suit's battery (see that article for details).
The battery is a "cursed" item that cannot be removed from the game by conventional means


- Assistant Prof.
Dr.Khanit MATRA has been assigned in charge of the new innovative and contemporary engineering program chairperson; Concert engineering and multimedia production. For his background, he received the B.Eng with the second class honors and M.Eng degrees in Electrical Engineering from Khon Kaen Uiversity, Thailand in 2007 and 2009, respectively. Dr.Khanit worked as a magnetic engineering in Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization) before he was granted a scholarship for a doctoral degree from Kochi University of Technology, Japan. He was awarded his Ph.D. in Electronics and Photonics Systems Engineering in 2013. Now, Dr.Khanit is working as a junior lecturer in the department of electrical engineering, faculty of engineering, Srinakarinwirot University, Thailand. His research subjects include micro plasma characteristics, metamaterials, high voltage engineering, atmospheric non-thermal plasma applications, and other emerging technologies
As this new course has been developed from the integration of engineering science and multimedia production technology, Dr.Khanit and his proficient colleagues will help and pave the engineering skills ; such as Acoustic Materials and Design, Engineering Electronics and Power Electronics, Integrated Stage Design, which is very essential in Concert engineering, for the 1st an 2nd year students.


A tape library is a storage device which contains one or more tape drives, a number of slots to hold tape cartridges, a barcode reader to identify tape cartridges and an automated method for loading tapes.
Tape backup is typically used for backup and disaster recovery, periodically copying the contents of all or a designated amount of data from its usual storage device to a tape cartridge device so that, in the event of a hard disk crash or comparable failure, the data will not be lost.
A storage-area network (SAN) is a dedicated high-speed network that interconnects and presents shared pools of storage devices to multiple servers. This allows each server to access shared storage as if it were a drive directly attached to the server.
The main benefit to using a SAN is that raw storage is treated as a pool of resources that can be centrally managed and allocated on an as-needed basis. SANs are also highly scalable because additional capacity can be added as required.
Network-attached storage (NAS) is a type of dedicated file storage device that provides devices with file-based shared storage, usually through a standard Ethernet connection.
An important benefit of NAS is its ability to provide multiple clients on the network with access to the same files. Prior to NAS, enterprises typically had hundreds or even thousands of discrete file servers that had to be separately configured and maintained.


About GPS Emulator app
Replicate one’s GPS position by employing an app to alter the mobile device’s GPS coordinates.
The application facilitates the relocation of the mobile device to any global location, generating a simulated GPS location that convinces other applications on the device of its presence.
Through the utilization of this counterfeit GPS functionality, the user has the ability to modify both their location and altitude. Additionally, adjustments to accuracy settings and retrieval of the current time for the fabricated position are possible.
The app provides a selection of three map types: normal, satellite, and terrain. Users can toggle the injection of fake GPS coordinates on or off for Google Play Location Services.
Important Note: This application is not intended for gaming deception; its sole purpose is for facilitating developer testing.
Download GPS Emulator app for android
Thank you for your interest in the GPS Emulator app. To download the app and enjoy its unique features, please follow the official steps below:
- Click on the app’s Download icon to open its page.
- On the page, click the “Download APK” button to initiate the download and installation process.


All electric bikes use battery packs that power the motor during every ride. Most e-bikes have a system that allows you to choose how much power should go to the motor. Using the motor will provide a smoother ride with less effort on your end, but it will make your e-bike battery lose charge quicker. Thus, you will need to charge the battery more frequently, which can reduce the lifespan of your battery.
Now, we understand that an electric bike is an investment that you want to get the most out of, and its battery impacts its consumer value significantly. Thus, this article will evaluate the question “how long does a battery last on an electric bike?” and determine an answer that you can find some comfort in knowing.
How Long Does a Battery Last on an Electric Bike?
“How long does a battery last on an electric bike?” is a common question among new and potential e-bike owners.
In order to answer that question, there are a few factors to consider, such as the capacity of the electric bike battery, the type of motor, the battery usage, and so on. Therefore, there is no definitive answer to this question.
That said, the bike manufacturer will provide a rough estimate of every battery pack’s expected lifespan. That figure should serve as only a reference, as there are ways to prolong that period by adhering to good battery handling practices.
With all that said, let’s begin to understand how long electric bikes’ batteries last.
You may also like: 10 Ways to Make Electric Bike Go Faster and When to Charge an Electric Bike.
1. Understanding the Battery on Electric Bikes
In the United States, most electric bikes have Lithium-Ion batteries. These batteries are small, slim, and lightweight. Therefore, you can always carry an additional one with you if you’re planning to take a long riding trip in one day.
In addition to that, Lithium-Ion batteries typically last longer than lead-acid batteries, which is why they’re more common in most parts of the world.
There’s a further development of Lithium-Ion batteries known as Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries. These batteries are present on electric bikes in the UK and other countries in Europe, but only a small percentage.
LiPo batteries are relatively more expensive, but they have a slow-discharge rate when idle. That is to say that it won’t lose much battery capacity when you’re not using it for some time.
Read How to Repair Electric Bike Battery
2. Cycle Count Determines Lifespan
Every electric bike battery has a specific cycle count that it’s expected to provide. Cycle count is the total number of charge cycles your battery performs before it begins to deteriorate completely. You can check the cycle count for your bike’s battery from the specifications sheet for your exact model.
A greater cycle count will result in a longer-lasting battery. Electric bike batteries typically go up to 500 charge cycles before a significant reduction in maximum charge capacity. Therefore, after that point, you can expect the battery to charge up to only 80% of the design capacity.
For example, if your Li-Ion battery’s design capacity was 6,000 mAh, then it would charge only to a maximum of 4800 mAh. That said, 80% is only a ballpark figure. The maximum charge capacity for your electric bike battery could be lower or greater after this point.
Some e-bike batteries also have 1200 charge cycles. In that case, your battery will last more than twice as long as one with 500 charge cycles.
You may like 5 Ways to Charge Your electric Bikes in Remote Areas and What Is a Cyclocross bike and Why You Should Buy One!
3. The Pedal-Assist System Affects Battery Life
On average, electric bikes provide a mileage of around 22 miles to 50 miles on a single charge. You can achieve a figure within this average figure through relaxed pedaling for most of your time riding your bike.
Now, electric bikes have different pedal-assist systems (PAS), which affects how much power is supplied to the motor. If your bike has a pedal assist, you will be using a combination of pedaling force and battery power.
In that case, you can get more mileage and less battery usage (i.e., fewer charge cycles being used).
However, if you’re using a throttle system, you will be using more battery power as you won’t be supporting your cycling by pedaling.
4. The Sensor Can affect Battery Life
Most PAS bikes in Canada and other North American countries use a torque sensor on the bikes instead of a cadence sensor. The torque sensor provides more power to the motor if you pedal with more force and vice versa.
Therefore, by pedaling lightly, you can increase the mileage on your electric bike, which, in turn, can increase the lifespan of your battery life (as you’ll see in the calculation below).
Cadence sensors operate only as a switch, so you can’t adjust the mileage via your pedaling force.
Calculating the Lifespan of an Electric Bike Battery
In order to determine how long your electric battery will last, you will have to do a bit of calculation. Let’s try and do that using the following approximations.
Let’s go with the example of a Li-Ion battery with 500 cycles. If your battery provides you with an average of 22 miles or 50 miles per charge, you will be able to travel a total of 11,000 miles or 25,000 miles, respectively.
With that figure in mind, you can divide the total miles it provides by the number of miles you ride per day.
If, for example, you travel at an average of 10 miles a day, your battery should last you about 11,000/(10×365), which will equal about three years of use, with an average of 22 miles per charge and after 500 cycles.
If you travel longer distances than 10 miles every day with your electric bike, you can expect the battery to give up faster.
What to Keep in Mind
You should note that these calculations are only rough estimates to provide you with an idea of long your battery should typically last.
There are many other factors that can affect the battery life of your electric bike. Therefore, it is up to you to make sure you handle the battery with care to help it last longer.
Lithium-Ion batteries can even get damaged earlier than expected due to a manufacturing defect. Li-Ion batteries can begin swelling and eventually become unusable. In that case, you must dispose of your swollen battery immediately by contacting your local battery disposal services and replace it with a new one.
If you have a warranty policy on your electric bike, you can contact your bike manufacturer to have the battery replaced. If not, you can purchase a new one that’s compatible with your specific bike model. Li-Ion batteries are typically inexpensive.
Check out, Can You Pedal an Electric Bike With a Dead Battery? and How to Determine E-Bike Battery Amp Hours.
How Much Electricity Does An Electric Bike Use?
Bike riders who are looking to invest in electric bikes often must consider the cost of various aspects of owning and maintaining one. Here’s one common concern: “how much electricity does an electric bike use?” Considering you must consistently keep charging your battery to power the motor and stay in good condition overall, you will have to pay a little more on utility bills, namely your power bill.
However, the cost is not much. Here’s a rough calculation to help you put things into perspective.
You can expect your battery to take about 0.5 kilowatt-hours to 0.8 kilowatt-hours to charge the battery. The exact figure will depend on the capacity of your electric bike battery. Thus, if we were to assume that you spend $0.10 per kilowatt-hour, you will end up spending about 5 cents to 8 cents for a full charge (or the average mileage of your bike).
Thus, charging the battery is not a cost that you should be concerned about. Instead, you will end up spending more money on maintenance on an electric bike as it has more components that can get damaged over time.
Electric Bike Battery Care Tips to Prolong Lifespan
While every electric bike battery is subject to wear and tear over time, there are some electric bike battery care tips to prolong the electric bike battery lifespan.
With proper care, you can make your battery last a whole year longer than expected. Here’s what you need to know.
1. Avoid Overcharging Your Electric Bike Battery
One of the best electric bike battery charging tips you should know is to avoid overcharging your electric bike battery. That is to say that you must unplug the charger from the wall as soon as the battery is charged.
If you leave the battery charging for a day or two after full charge, your battery will be in a discharge and charge cycle. The battery will be charged by the charger, discharge to about 95%, and then recharge again.
If this continues for a long time, it can create bad charging cycles. Consequently, the e-bike battery may not provide the same mileage at full charge because its maximum charge capacity may deplete.
A worse result is that the battery may need replacement sooner than expected.
2. Don’t Let the Battery Get Too Hot or Too Cold
You may shorten the lifespan of your e-bike battery by letting it get too hot or too cold. Therefore, it’s best that you do not ride in freezing temperatures, such as those in German winters. You should do the same about riding when it’s above 110 degrees Fahrenheit.
All Li-Ion batteries need to stay at an acceptable temperature to function properly and prevent permanent damage. It’s best to keep a Li-Ion battery above 50 F(10 C) and below 113 F (45 C). Again, these are extreme temperatures, so make sure to keep your battery in the middle of this range.
To get the most out of your battery, you should make sure that the battery gets proper ventilation whenever you’re riding.
In most cases, electric bike manufacturers take protective measures to prevent overheating of the battery. That said, there are some bikes with batteries that come in plastic cases or bags, which can be harmful during the summer. In that case, try removing all extraneous covering to allow for adequate air circulation.
The same tip about moderate temperature also applies to charging your battery. You should charge your bike battery in temperatures between 60 and 70 F.
Moreover, you must not leave your bike stationary directly in the sun for several hours a day, especially during the summer season. Exposure to excessive heat can damage your electric bike battery.
3. Avoid Draining Your E-Bike Battery Before Storing It
There is no one reason why you may not use your electric bike for a significant amount of time. If you’re storing your bike without using it for some time, make sure that your battery has some power in it.
You should aim to store the battery with about 40% to 70% of charge in it. Leaving the cells without any power in them for a long time can damage their ability to hold charge effectively.
4. Charge Your Electric Bike Battery Whenever the Charge Is Low
A regularly-used battery is a healthy battery. You should use and, consequently, charge your electric bike battery as much it needs to so that it can hold charge effectively and has a better lifespan. You should not leave your battery idle for a long time will weaken its effectiveness over time.
You could recharge your bike battery every time after using it. That said, if you don’t use your bike much in a single day, you could charge it when the battery is somewhere between 30 and 60 percent.
In some cases, you will have to assume how much battery charge is left, as some batteries do not show the exact percentage of charge remaining.
You can make a note of the total amount of mileage your bike gives on a full charge. After that, calculate how much battery is left by factoring in on how much distance you traveled.
For example, if you can travel 50 miles on your electric bike after a full charge, the battery charge percentage will be 60% after you travel 20 miles and 30% after covering a distance of 35 miles. Thus, you can use an approximate calculation like this one to determine the remaining battery charge percentage.
You should note, however, that the amount of pedaling force you apply will also alter the amount of battery power you use. Relaxed pedaling will cause the battery to supply less power to the motor, providing you with more mileage as a result.
You must also know that you should not wait to charge your battery after it discharges completely, i.e., reaches 0%. It will take longer to fully charge the battery if you charge it when it has no power left. This also means that you will not be charging the battery as frequently as you may need to.
Consider this example: your e-bike battery provides you with 60 miles of mileage on a single charge. Now, if you travel only 8 to 10 miles a day, you will be charging the battery once every 7/8 days or 6 days, respectfully. This charging frequency is not ideal if you want to keep your battery in good condition for a long time.
Moreover, it’s good to leave your battery with some power in it as it helps the cells retain their cycles for more times than otherwise.
5. Consider Charging Your Electric Bike Battery for Hours After 100% on the First Charge
When you purchase a new electric bike or battery, you should consider charging your electric bike battery for a few hours after it reaches 100%. You should do this on the first charge only.
The extra bit of charge time can help the current flow through the cells more effectively, which can ensure that the battery runs correctly from the start.
You can follow these electric bike battery care tips and make sure that your battery doesn’t give up on you earlier than expected. This way, you can save a bit of money on battery replacement costs.
You may like the following electric bike articles:
- How Much Cargo Can an eBike Carry in 2021?
- Best Fat Tire Electric Bikes with 1000W
- What are the Best 4 Wheel Electric Bikes?
- Electric Bike Speed Limiter Removal
- Major Electric Bike Problems
- All You Need to Know About Shipping Electric Bikes
- Top 6 Reasons Why Electric Bikes are so Expensive
- Where to Put Bike Lock While Riding
- Best electric bike for long distance touring
Last Words on Your Electric Bike Battery Life
Now that you have gone through this detailed guide, you should know that the answer to the question, “how long does a battery last on an electric bike?” is that the lifespan depends on the specifications of the battery, how often you use it, and how much care you take of it. With all that said, you should expect your e-bike battery to provide you with around 3 years of usage.
If you do consider an electric battery bike replacement, make sure to get one that’s compatible with your bike’s motor. Supplying an excessive amount of power to the motor can damage it quicker, which will increase repair costs. You can also look into upgrading your battery from a 36V one to a 48V battery. It will provide more power to the battery, resulting in a faster bike.
That said, you should first confirm if your bike can support that change before purchasing one. Regardless of what battery you get, taking care of it will help it last longer, as is the case with most things. Happy biking!
I am Michael, an avid rider and bike expert. I am here to provide, biking tips and expert advice on in-depth bike reviews covering features, capabilities, price range, and much more. Specially on electric bikes, mountain bikes, road bikes, etc. I will provide honest product reviews, along with expert advice on purchasing, training, and maintenance. Check out my complete profile.


Alternating Current (AC): An electrical current flow of continuously changing polarity, which rises to a maximum voltage in one direction, decreases to zero and then sinks to the maximum voltage in the other direction before changing polarity once again. This pattern is referred to as a sinusoidal wave and the number of cycles per second is equal to the frequency, which is measured in "Hertz".
Ambient Temperature: The normal surrounding temperature of the environment in which a transformer will operate.
Auto Transformer: A transformer used to step voltage up or down. The primary and secondary windings share common turns and thus provide no electrical isolation.
ANSI: ANSI was formed in 1918. American National Standards Institute is a recognized body which approves standards for transformers. ANSI 89.1 is mostly used for dry type transformers.
Air cooled Transformer: A transformer which uses air as the cooling medium. This may be a forced air with the use of fans.
Ambient Noise level: The level of acoustic noise existing at a given location like room or compartment etc. Ambient noise level is measured based on sound level meter or in decibels (db).
Arc voltage: The amount of voltage present between electrodes of different potential or between an electrode and ground. The magnitude is determined by the distance between electrodes and the dielectric constant of the medium surrounding them.
BIL Basic Insulation level: It is an insulation system that can withstand very high voltage surges.
Breakdown voltage: The voltage at which an electrical breakdown occurs. It is also known as breakdown potential, sparking potential or sparking voltage.
Core: The ferrous center part of a transformer or inductor used to increase the strength of the magnetic field. It carries the flux and forms the magnetic coupling between primary and secondary
Core Saturation: Condition that occurs when an inductor or transformer core has reached maximum magnetic strength.
Current Transformer (CT): A transformer used in instrumentation to assist in measuring current. It utilizes the strength of the magnetic field around the conductor to form an induced current that can then be applied across a resistance to form a proportional voltage.
Compensated Transformer: A transformer with a turn’s ratio which provides a higher than rated voltage at no load, and, rated voltage at rated load.
Core Loss: Core loss is also known as iron loss. Core loss is a form of energy loss that occurs in electrical transformers and other inductors. Core losses do not include the losses due to resistance in the conductors of the windings, which is often termed copper loss. It does not vary with load and hence also called constant losses. It mainly consists of eddy current and hysteresis losses.
Double conversion: A UPS design in which the primary power path consists of a rectifier and inverter.
Dropout voltage: The voltage at which a device fails to operate properly or safely. Computer systems will reboot, reset, or lose data.
Delta: Delta is a three phase connection where the ends of each phase winding connection in series to form a closed loop with each phase 120 electrical degrees from the other.
Delta-Delta: The connection between a delta source and a delta load.
Delta-Wye: The connection between a delta source and a wye load.
Duty Cycle: The percentage of time a transformer will be supplying the Full Rated Power to the load. Percentage of time a unit is expected to perform at Full Rated power versus time spent in idle can significantly affect the physical size of a transformer.
Electrostatic Shield: A grounded conductor sheet which provides a ground shield between primary and secondary windings to decrease or eliminate line to line or line to ground noise. It is also known as Faraday Shield.
Effective Voltage or current: The amount of power being delivered to a DC circuit load can be calculated easily by dividing the load resistance into the applied DC voltage squared.
Eddy Currents: It is induced into a metal when magnetic lines of force move across it.
Efficiency: Ratio of its power output to its total power input
Excitation Current: Current required magnetizing a core..
Electrostatic Shielding: Placed between windings (usually the primary and secondary) to provide maximum isolation. Additional Electrostatic Shields can be placed between secondary windings as required. Shielding is normally connected to the transformer's ground.
Encapsulation: A process in which a transformer or one of its components is completely sealed with epoxy or a similar material. This process is normally performed when a unit might encounter harsh environmental conditions such as moisture, salt spray, full-water submersion or corrosive elements.
Exciting Current: The current drawn by a transformer at nominal input voltage in its unloaded (open-circuit) condition.
FCAN Taps: Full Capacity above nominal. This is used to specify that a transformer will deliver rated KVA when connected to a voltage source which is higher than rated voltage.
FCBN (Full Capacity below Nominal) Taps: It is the same as FCAN except that the taps are below rated voltage.
Filter Press: A device for filtering and absorbing moisture from oil.
Frequency: It means the number of times an AC voltage will change from positive to negative and vice versa within a precise time, usually expressed in cycles per second and identified as Hz as in 60 Hz.
Faraday’s Law: A law that states an electro motive force is induced in any system in which a magnetic field is changing with time and is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux.
Filtered: Removing the ripple effect caused by a rectifier. Can also refer to reduced non-sinusoidal or unwanted harmonic frequencies in a power sources.
Faraday Shield: A grounded metallic barrier that can be used for improved isolation between the windings of a transformer. In this application, the shield basically reduces the leakage capacitance between the primary and secondary.
Ferroresonance: Resonance resulting when the iron core of an inductive component of an LC circuit is saturated, increasing the inductive reactance with respect to the capacitance reactance.
Ferroresonant Transformer: A voltage-regulating transformer that depends on core saturation and output capacitance.
Filter: A selective network of resistor, inductors, or capacitors which offers comparatively little opposition to certain frequencies or direct current, while blocking or attenuating other frequencies.
Flux: The lines of forces of a magnetic field.
Forced Air: A method of temperature regulation that involves air from an external environment being forcibly exchanged with a transformer's enclosed environment.
Generator: A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by magnetic induction.
Ground: A conducting path, whether intended or unintended, between an electric circuit or equipment and the earth or some other conductor.
Grounded: Connected to the earth or some other conductor.
Ground Fault: Any undesirable current flow from a current carrying conductor to ground.
Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI): A device whose function is to interrupt the electric circuit to the load when a fault current to ground exceeds a predetermined value that is less than that required to operate the over-current protective device of the supply circuit.
Horsepower (HP): One horsepower is 33,000 lb.-ft /minute or 746 watts
H type core: It is one type of transformer core that surrounds the windings on four sides. This helps lessen flux leakage.
Hydroelectric: Electricity produced by turbines that are turned by water flow.
Hertz (Hz): Cycles per second
Isolating Transformer: Transformer in which input windings are connected to the line and are completely isolated from those connected to the load.
Insulation: Material with high electrical resistance.
Insulator: Device used for supporting or separating electrical conductors
Instrument Transformer: A transformer designed to transform the conditions of current or voltage and phase position in the primary with a specified accuracy of the secondary circuit.
Impedance: Forces, including resistance and capacitive or inductive reactance, which resist current flow in AC circuits.
Inductance: The ability of a coil to store energy and oppose changes in current flowing through it. A function of the cross sectional area, number of turns of coil, length of coil and core material.
Inductor: A coiled conductor that opposes change in current.
Inrush Current: A brief and momentary surge of current through the transformer, due to residual flux, experienced at the instant the transformer is energized.
Inverter: A device used to change DC into AC power.
Jack Pads: Structural member at bottom of transformer which provides lifting points which are used to lift the device onto rollers for repositioning.
Kilowatt (KW): 1,000 Watts
KWH: Kilowatt hour, one kilowatt for one hour – a unit of energy.
KVA: Kilovolt-ampere, or thousand volt-ampere. When multiplied by the power factor, will give kilowatts, or KW.
K-Factor: this is a rating used to denote a rated transformer which is specifically designed to handle non-linear loads. Numerical values indicate both the magnitude and frequency of any component of a current waveform which have been considered in the transformer design.
Linear Load: A load in which the relationship between current and voltage is directly proportional. For example: water heater, resistance heating etc.
Line voltage: Voltage of a power line
Lamination: The sheets of steel making up the core of the transformer.
Magnetic Shielding: Conductive material placed around a transformer's coils to attenuate stray magnetic fields.
Multiple Winding: A winding which consists of two or more sections that can be paralleled to specific mode of operation.


KHTB Shield + TM320 Shield + TM is an upgraded version of 360, better stability.
The Specific indicators of Automobile Collision-aviding Millimeter-wave Radar in KHTB Shield +TM 360 system is
(1) Working environment: all-day work;
(2) Temperature range from -400 to +800;
(3) Main applications: high-speed road environments;
(4) Carrier frequency :35GHz
(5) Distance resolution: 1m;
(6) Speed resolution: 1.2m/s;
(7) Maximum range: 170m；
(8) Speed that can be measured is range from -50 to 100 m/s;
(9) Radar Angle: ± 50, used to exclude interference from adjacent lanes and ensure the vehicle is cornering still effectively detect the target, to a certain extent, eliminate false alarm.


April 27, 2023, 0 Comments
GPS VEHICLE TRACKING SYSTEMS
GPS vehicle tracking systems is use to keep track of vehicles, bike or fleet trucks to monitor the usage of the vehicles being used properly and that they can be traced, tracked and shut-down in the case of an emergency or an unusual movement by the driver.
How is vehicle tracking system done?
This is a device that collect data used in monitoring the location of the vehicle used by corporate offices, transport companies, haulage, taxi business and so on using the GPS system.
This uses Global Positioning Systems (GPS satellites) in other to know the vehicle location at all times. The information that is gathered from the vehicle is then stored on the device installed. The data is then transmitted by using a wireless, or cellular network through the network providers that was use. This also use satellite navigation data to make provision for real-time tracking about the vehicle locations, distance and speed. Benefits to this vehicle tracking include theft recovery, fuel monitoring and driver safety.
Which side is the GPS tracker installed?
GPS vehicle tracker can be installed in various places but to make sure is not exposed to harsh connections that can affect the wiring or securities of the vehicle. The best positioning for the installation of the tracker is where the server quality is strong enough to deliver that it can not be tamper with and it is out of sight (hidden).
There is a plaster attached to the tracker which will be used to hold the device firmly or Velcro tape to prevent it from falling off and most importantly to keep it away from heat.
In Summary, Installation of GPS vehicle tracker is easy and understandable and you can also relate to the tracker guide which is well explained and labelled with diagram to help further. With accurate location details, you will get the movements of your fleets, monitor the drivers behavior and give rest of mind.
Blue LED— GPS Status
Flashing: No GPS signal or GPS just starting
ON: GPS OK
Orange LED- GSM status
Flashing: No SIM card or GSM just starting
ON: GSM OK
The default password for all tracker is: 0000
The default mode is normal working (ACC Mode).
GPS Status: A is get location, V is an invalid location.
The alarm mode is on.
The alarm will send to the 3 control number.
Battery 5 is 100%, 1 is 20%; the battery is from 1 to 5.
1. The GPS antenna side should always face towards to clear sky.
(it can not be put under Metal, but Glass and Plastic is ok)
2. Carefully connect the wires
GPS vehicle tracker Functions:
- Set control number
- Working mode: This is to control it by mobile and use SMS only, you can get Google location from your mobile to show the current location of the vehicle Or monitor the tracker online in real-time using an IP address that will be provided or a mobile app.
- Change Password: You can change it from default to a preferred one.
- You can get a location with Goggle link.
- You can get a location by phone call.
- Eligible to change Time Zone.
- Over-speed alert can be set: the alarm will send to the control number set on the tracker.
- Mileage can be set.
- Low battery alert.
- APN can be set.
- Set the Real-time tracker interval and minimum for this is 5 seconds.
- Disarm the vehicle in the case of an emergency.
GPS vehicle tracker Features


Harman/Kardon HKTS 5 5.1 Channel Surround Sound Home Theatre Speaker System - Black
- to make sure this fits.
- Four voice-matched satellite speakers with tandem 3 inch (75 mm) midrange drivers and 1 inch (25 mm) high-frequency dome tweeters
- 60 W subwoofer allow fine tune its bass output for your personal taste and room acoustics
- System's are compact and unobtrusive dimensions offer virtually unlimited installation options
- Bass-boost controls and phase switches for subwoofer
- Magnetically shielded loudspeaker components
|user guide [1.51 MB PDF]|||||user guide [3.38 MB PDF]|
- Product Dimensions: 60 x 35.5 x 35.5 cm ; 699 g
- Boxed-product Weight: 13.6 Kg
- Item model number: HKTS 5
- ASIN: B00A2GJTHW
The Harman/Kardon HKTS 5 system is a complete 5.1 channel speaker package that takes all the guesswork out of the home theatre equation, surrounding you with the captivating all-encompassing sound that you associate with your favourite cineplex. With dual mid range centre and satellite speakers that are engineered for high performance and a down-firing 60 W powered subwoofer that adds serious bass punch.


- 1 CES 2022: New TVs, Foldable Laptop, Color Changing BMW and More.
CES 2022: New TVs, Foldable Laptop, Color Changing BMW and More.
CES 2022 is already approaching its end, with a series of news in several areas of technology. TudoCelular covered several of these events and summarizes for you what was best at the fair, in this TC duty.
Among the highlights are the new generation Smart TVs with OLED panels and Mini LED technology. In the notebook sector, there are new ultra-thin and foldable options. As for hardware, new graphics cards promise more performance in games. In the automotive field, it was possible to change the color of a car at the push of a button.
Not to mention the Galaxy S21 FE, which has been made official and may be close to arriving in Brazil. Want to know all the details? Check out the following topics:
Foldable Zenbook and other notebooks
The new notebooks are among the main highlights of CES 2022. One of the ones that drew the most attention was the new foldable laptop from ASUS. The Zenbook 17 Fold OLED can be used folded, with a virtual keyboard or Bluetooth, to have a 12-inch screen. With it open, you can activate PC mode, to have a 17-inch monitor.
The flexible machine comes with a state-of-the-art processor from Intel and a sound system from Harman Kardon, in addition to promising a durability of up to 30,000 opening cycles.
Another novelty on the market is the XPS 13 Plus, from Dell. It remains the same weight as before, but has had its design renewed. The cooling system has been reworked to be more efficient, while the keyboard is now borderless and has a new key size. The touchpad has also changed and is now made of glass mixed with the wrist rest, for a cleaner look. Here we also have Intel’s 12th Gen CPU and Windows 11 out of the box.
One company that has made its debut in notebooks is TCL. She presented the BOOK 14 Go, an ultra-thin model designed for students and young professionals. Its portability is still in the autonomy of 12 hours of battery and support for 4G connectivity. These features make it easy to use on the go, thanks to Qualcomm’s Snapdragon 7c chip.
CES 2022: BMW that changes color and more car news
BMW showed at the fair that it is possible to change the color of the car with just one button. The feat was accomplished in the iX electric SUV, with a change from white to dark gray. We still don’t have more details on how it occurs, but we know that you can choose between alternating sharply or gradually. The automaker did not disclose whether the novelty will become a commercial option in the future.
Still in the automotive sector, Sony presented its new electric SUV at CES. Vision-S 02 has a capacity for up to seven people and also offers an integrated 5G connection, to install updates even from a distance. The interior has several sensors, which detect the driver’s movements and support gestures and voice commands.
The innovations in this segment do not stop there. Intel’s self-driving car division, called Mobileye, unveiled a system-on-chip designed for driverless cars. The component promises a leaner format, which does not require complex parts of energy. This helps to reduce costs and improve battery life. The problem is, to see this chip in action, we’ll have to wait until late 2023, when the first prototypes are expected.
Galaxy S21 FE has a date to be announced in Brazil
You may remember that we first released the Galaxy S21 FE hands-on at the end of the year. Now, it was finally made official by Samsung, during CES 2022. The specifications follow those we have already disclosed, so the highlight of the announcement is due to availability.
Samsung will launch its new cheap top globally on January 11th. On the same date, the Brazilian branch of the company will hold an event that should serve to communicate the availability of the device in the country. If you’re eager to check out the Korean’s new cell phone up close, your curiosity must be very close to being quenched.
NVIDIA and AMD with new graphics cards
CES 2022 was the stage for the presentation of new video cards, to equip machines that are better and better in games and other tasks. One of the examples was NVIDIA, which launched four new models in the RTX 30 series. The main one is the 3090 Ti, considered the most powerful GPU on the market. It is capable of achieving 40 teraflops of processing and promises a higher clock speed than the version without the Ti.
On the red side, AMD has revealed more Radeon-branded dedicated graphics. There are five new models of the RX 6000M line, designed for entry-level notebooks, not to have a high cost. The RX 6000S series made its debut with three GPUs, aimed at ultra-thin and light notebooks. Their focus is on maintaining the product’s compact size and providing energy efficiency.
New QLED, OLED and Mini LED TVs are announced
The main companies in the market have renewed their Smart TVs portfolio with new models. Samsung was one of them, with the bet on the new Neo QLED TVs, with a new platform called Gaming Hub. In it, the user will be able to access the main cloud gaming platforms, such as Google Stadia and GeForce Now, in addition to the console titles.
The Mini LED technology also still attracted several manufacturers. Sony, for example, announced new televisions with the lighting feature, in conjunction with 8K resolution. TCL, on the other hand, bets on the 144 Hertz panel, with OD Zero technology, which allows the use of Mini LEDs with an ultra-thin profile. Meanwhile, Panasonic preferred to focus on its line of OLED televisions. They promise bigger and brighter sizes, in addition to lower latency, to please primarily gamers.
Terimakasih telah melihat artikel Tanya Jawab, semoga bermanfaat bagi para pembaca Cikijing.com.


This topic contains 0 replies, has 1 voice, and was last updated by dolen 2 months, 2 weeks ago.
February 6, 2019 at 8:10 am #3026
Every computer must have a CPU to run the performance of a computer itself. Without a CPU, a computer seems unable to run smoothly. In fact, it can’t run at all.
CPU (Central Processing Unit) is a parent or data processing center from a computer device. While inside the CPU unit, there are several components that are connected to each other. And this is an important thing to be able to process a data from a computer device that was mentioned earlier.
The computer CPU components and their functions are as follows:
1. CPU case
CPU casing is usually made of plastic and some are also made of iron, stainless, and so on. This casing is useful to protect various components contained in the CPU, of course to protect more from dust, heat, water, or other things that are feared to interfere with the CPU’s performance itself.
In addition, the casing also functions as a place for us to place and install various components such as motherboards, power supplies, optical disc drives, hard disks, and many others.
This motherboard is a circuit board where various electronic components and other computers are installed and can be connected to one another. The components that become the core part of this motherboard are processors, sound cards, video cards, hard disks, and so on.
The motherboard also functions as a connecting medium for each component of the computer in order to communicate with other computer components.
In addition, each motherboard has a different specification reference. For example, what processor specifications can be embedded and supported by the motherboard. And how much the maximum RAM capacity is supported by the motherboard.
This means that not all CPU motherboards are the same. As well as not being able to carelessly install every component on the motherboard CPU. Because, if it is not supported, chances are that the component will not be read on your computer.
The processor is one of the core components contained in the computer CPU. Because, if there is no processor, chances are the computer device cannot work at all. Therefore, many say that the processor is the brain of a computer. live streaming football All processes and commands will be done on the processor even though still with the help of other components. So that way, the higher the speed of a processor, the faster the computer will process various kinds of data.
4. Processor fan
This one component is a device that is employed to help the performance of a processor. The Processor fan functions as a cooler and keeps the processor temperature cool and stable. This is so that our computer processor device is not fast overhead or damaged.
RAM (Random Access Memory) is one component contained in the CPU unit. RAM also has an important position for computer devices. The reason is, this one component works as a place to hold temporary data that has been processed by the processor before proceeding to other components.
RAM can also be replaced with a larger or smaller capacity size, but this must also be according to the maximum RAM supported on your motherboard. As much as your RAM memory capacity, but if it is not supported by the motherboard, then it can be ascertained that it cannot be read by a computer device.
Apart from that, RAM units usually use byte calculations. And the capacity of RAM on the market is usually as follows:
256MB, 512MB, 1GB, 2GB, 4GB, 8GB, and others
The types of memory that are still produced today are:
6. HDD (HDD)
Just like an SD card in a smartphone, the hard drive also serves to store various data and also store various operating systems from a computer device itself. Hard drives usually use byte calculations. And the bigger the hard drive capacity, the more conventional data you can save.
Size of capacity Hard drives circulating in the market usually vary, ranging from 250 GB, 500 GB, 1 TB, to 3 TB.
7. CD / DVD ROM
CD / DVD ROM or what can be called an optical disk drive is a device that can be used to write and read cassettes or CD / DVD discs. In addition, CD / DVD ROM can also be used to burn or copy CDs using various software such as Nero, Infra Recorder, and so on.
Apart from that, the formats included in the CD / DVD ROM are CD-ROM drives, CD-RW drives, DVD-ROM drives, and DVD-RW drives.
8. VGA CARD (Video Graphic Adapter)
VGA (Video Graphic Adapter) is one component that is considered very important for a computer device. Because, this one component functions as a graphic data processor before being displayed to the monitor. Without VGA, the computer screen can certainly not display anything, aka blank.
Apart from that, VGA is also very important to determine the quality of images displayed on a computer monitor.
9. Sound Card
This one device functions more as an audio processor for your computer device. Sound cards also function as audio processors, which can convert analog signals or digital signals that enter the card input and produce audio or sound on your computer system.
Sound Card and has a function to control all audio found on a computer device. Without this device, you can be sure your computer will not sound.
10. Power Supply
The last component that we will discuss is Power Supply, which is part of a computer system and CPU unit that functions as a power divider (source of electric current) in each computer component. In addition, the Power Supply also functions to change the DC voltage into AC before being streamed to each component of the computer itself.
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As we navigate through a rapidly evolving digital era, it becomes increasingly clear that certain technologies are set to dominate the business landscape in the near future. These technologies offer transformative potential across industries, paving the way for innovative business models and operational efficiencies. Here, we’ll explore four such technologies, starting with Artificial Intelligence (AI).
- Artificial Intelligence (AI):
AI continues to have a profound impact on business. Its ability to automate tasks, analyze massive data sets, and provide predictive insights is transforming decision making, increasing operational efficiency, and personalizing customer experiences. In the next few years, we can anticipate AI’s role in business to further expand, driven by advancements in machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision technologies.
Dennis Durkin in particular has covered AI in depth for his Medium blog. Dennis states that it’s important to recognize the “transformative power of artificial intelligence” and that “businesses can thrive in the ever-changing digital age” by being the first to adopt these methods. Mr. Durkin has also created YouTube videos on the subject of where he expects AI to end up in the near future for those interested in where the digital age is going to take us next.
Blockchain, the technology underpinning cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, offers far more than just digital money. It provides a decentralized, transparent, and secure method of recording transactions, which has vast implications for various industries. In the finance sector, blockchain could streamline payments and remittances, reducing costs and increasing speed. In supply chain management, it could provide end-to-end visibility, enhancing transparency and traceability.
- Internet of Things (IoT):
The Internet of Things, or IoT, refers to the network of physical devices connected to the internet, collecting and sharing data. As the number of connected devices continues to grow, businesses can harness IoT technology to improve operational efficiency, drive innovation, and enhance customer service. For example, in manufacturing, IoT sensors can monitor equipment in real-time to predict maintenance needs, reducing downtime. In retail, IoT can provide valuable insights into customer behavior, enabling personalized shopping experiences.
- Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR):
While AR and VR technologies are often associated with gaming, their potential extends much further. These immersive technologies can revolutionize the way businesses operate and engage with customers. In real estate, VR can provide virtual property tours, enhancing the buying experience. In retail, AR can enable customers to virtually try on clothes or visualize furniture in their homes. Meanwhile, in the training and education sector, AR and VR can provide immersive, practical learning experiences.
While these technologies hold immense potential, their successful integration into business operations is not without challenges. Concerns around data privacy and security, technology infrastructure requirements, and the need for new skills and capabilities are some of the hurdles that businesses may face.
However, by strategically addressing these challenges, businesses can effectively leverage these technologies to gain a competitive edge. This may involve investing in the right infrastructure, implementing robust data security measures, and developing a workforce with the necessary digital skills.
Furthermore, it’s crucial for businesses to take a customer-centric approach when integrating these technologies. Technology should serve to enhance the customer experience, not complicate it. By keeping customer needs at the heart of technology adoption, businesses can ensure they’re using technology to create real value.
In conclusion, the future of business will be shaped by a host of emerging technologies, with AI, blockchain, IoT, and AR/VR leading the way. Businesses that can effectively harness the power of these technologies, overcome associated challenges, and keep customer needs at the forefront will be best placed to thrive in the digital era.


The RF100 Convection Reflow Iven is a practical benchtop size reflow oven for the manufacturing and reworking of SMT products. The Reflow oven has a large intuitive graphical display. The intuitive menu navigation is controlled by a membrane keyboard. The Benchtop Reflow oven uses highly efficient infrared heating elements, and has several thermocouple temperature gauges. Due to this and the precise evaluation in the microprocessor, the temperature curve of the reflow process is very precise, and the temperature in the respective reflow sections is very uniform.
The Desktop RF100 Batch PCB Solder Reflow oven has been designed for the reflow of all common high temperature alloys, including both Lead and Lead free solder paste creams which can be processed to faciliate the mounting of SMD (Surface Mount Devices). The Reflow oven has an automatic error detection function with alarm.
This product has a variety of applications such as reflow soldering, repairing, prototyping, drying, glueing and so on. It is suitable for SMT small series, for research and development of electronic products, school, education and study.
The Batch Reflow stove is very well insulated by a special Aluminum silicate cotton, which reduces energy consumption, protects the circuit and allows optimal operation and keeps the temperature within the oven uniform and constant.
- Designed for reflow of solder paste or for polymerisation of prototyping glues
- Heating system makes designed for Lead and lead-free and high temperature alloys
- Large window panel keeps card in view during processing
- Compact housing design with generous 350x300mm working area
- 5 Programmable phases for the reflow process
- Suitable for processing of both Single and double sided designed PCB SMT boards
- 4 Program memory complete with LCD Graphical display for temperature & time
- Simple programming for intuitive control
- Heating through forced air convection
- Utilises 2x 1Kw quartz heating elements
- Microprocessor controlled temperature up to maximum 300°C
- Thermic stabilisation time is approx. 3 minutes
- <50dBA Noise level
- 230V Mains powered, 50/60Hz
As part of the SMT process the temperature profile must be programmed with the correct time and temperature parmeters to suit the particular Thermal profile of the alloy compositon of Solder paste being used. To achieve this there are 5 Fully Programmable Reflow phases which briefly comprise:-
- Preheating (Ramp up to Soak) – Circuit board is heated from room temperature to remove residual moisture or gases and reduce thermal stress on the circuit board.
- Heating (Thermal Soak) – Circuit board is heated further until the flux contained in the Solder paste becomes liquid.
- Soldering (Reflow Zone) -In this phase the solder should become liquid such that components float and automatically center and align with the surface tension of the liquid solder.
- Hold Dwell Time – This is particularly useful for high temperature solders to allow solidification to occur slowly. Generally the temperature is set at 10-20 Degrees lower than the solder melting point.
- Cooling Zone – Oven is no longer heated and natural cooling is accelerated by a fan.
|Power connection||200 – 230 VAC. / 50-60Hz|
|Max. Power Consumption||2400 W|
|Sliding Draw Max. PCB-Board Size||350 x 300 mm (Maximum height of drawer 85mm)|
|00:00 – 99:59 sec.
|Temperature||60 -300 °C|
|Setting Options||5 Phases all adjustable both in time and temperature:-
|Working Modes||Automatic Reflow-Soldering
Permanent Heating or Drying function
Option to store 4 different Reflow profiles
|Interface||Graphic display with Keyboard automatic Alarm function
Display of Process progress
|Heatup Time||Approximately 8 min|
|External Dimensions of reflow oven chassis (LxWxH) (mm)||504 x 500 x 314 mm|
Shipping Dimensions 57 x 54 x 39cm
Shipping Weight 28Kg