It’s Sunday morning. Your 7:10 a.m. worship-team rehearsal was supposed to start at 7:00, but the guitar isn’t coming through the system. Everything was fine during the midweek practice, but now there’s no signal, and it’s crunch time. Here are five troubleshooting tips for some of the most common last-minute guitar problems:
1. The mixing console’s phantom power is turned off
If the guitar’s pickup or the DI box is passive (requiring power), then it requires what is called “phantom power” from the board. Depending on the board, phantom power may be assigned for the whole board or for each individual channel. Look for the characters “48 V.”
2. The guitar batteries are dead
I’m so used to powering the guitar signal with phantom power that I often forget to consider a dead guitar battery as the cause of a signal problem. If you don’t already, keep a stash of nine-volt batteries on hand.
3. The 1/4-inch or XLR cable is bad
If your guitar player is going through a pedal board and/or a DI box, there are multiple cables that may either be bad or poorly connected. The signal from the guitar to the mixing console to the speakers is like water flowing down a river: every cable and connection must be working right for the signal to flow properly. One bad connection jams up the whole river.
4. The guitar or channel is muted
I can’t tell you how much time I’ve spent looking for complicated fixes to a signal issue only to realize it’s something simple like a mute button. Be sure to check for buttons on both the guitar and the corresponding board channel.
5. The guitar channel is not assigned to the main outputs
For larger mixing consoles, each channel will have multiple options for outputs: L/R, different groupings, etc. These buttons can easily get depressed, so make sure the channel in question is assigned to your main output feed.
Next time you find yourself asking, “Where’d the guitar go?”, be sure you run through this list before you’re forced to improvise. What are some of the biggest last-minute issues you’ve run into?
* * *
Proclaim makes it easy to change things up on the fly with quick and intuitive features like the On-Screen Bible, quick screen, and the remote app. Your Proclaim account connects to everything you need—CCLI SongSelect, Planning Center Online, Graceway Media, and Logos Bible Software. When you can adjust quickly, last-minute changes won’t phase you. Download Proclaim today, and try it free.


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Our high-performance XHP 70 Lamp chip delivers hours of intense brightness. The 20000 Lumen Led is powered by advanced battery technology that prevents over and undercharging preserving the battery's lifespan.
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West Marine carries sealed marine batteries and flooded marine batteries in the form of starting batteries, AGM batteries, dual-purpose batteries and deep-cycle batteries for every type of boat, plus battery boxes and hold downs for secure installation. Dec 31, 2020 · Best Exide 200Ah Inverter Battery Price List Models Price ; Exide IMTT1500 150AH Battery ₹16,000: Exide Inva Tubular IT500 Battery ₹17,000: Exide Inverter Plus (FEI0-IN1800PLUS) 180AH Battery ₹29,025: Exide Inva Plus IP1800 180AH Battery ₹18,990 Battery, 6V Battery, AGM Battery manufacturer / supplier in China, offering 6V 200ah Deep Cycle Sealed Lead Acid Maintenance Free Battery, 3.7V 150mAh Lithium Polymer/Li Polymer Battery/Lipo Battery with Size 30*20*4mm, 3.7V 50mAh Lithium Polymer Battery/Lipo Battery with Size 15*15*4mm and so on. Alibaba.com offers 2,475 agm battery 200ah products. About 50% of these are Lead Acid Batteries, 0% are Storage Batteries, and 3% are Lithium Ion Batteries. A wide variety of agm battery 200ah options are available to you, such as application.


During my visit to the Kennedy Space Center, I had the opportunity to hear about a number of innovations and experiments being conducted on and off the International Space Station. My absolute favorite was ROBONAUT! “The core idea behind the Robonaut series is to have a humanoid machine work alongside astronauts” (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robonaut). While many find this dude a bit creepy, I was instantly intrigued by this complex piece of technology that seemed to me to be at the apex of human and robot cooperation. In order to understand and create the type of robot that could assist in tasks made for a human, researchers, engineers, and designers, must be acutely aware of the human body as governed by the senses, biomechanics, and training based movements or embodiment of daily tasks within the environment of a space craft.
Since I took a bit of video of my new friend, I combined my video with some archival NASA footage to create a bit of an ‘Ode to Robonaut’!
What do you think of this dude? Have you ever made a robot or participated in a robotics competition? What are some good ones to visit?


Panasonic 32 inch Full HD Smart TV – TX32JS360B
Our Service Includes
|Free Delivery||Arranged at a time convenient to you|
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HD SMART TV WITH VOICE CONTROL COMPATIBILITY
The HD JS360 Series Smart TV’s attractive metallic-trimmed design is packed with useful features. Built-in Wi-Fi quickly connects to the internet for Netflix*, YouTube and other services. It’s compatible with popular voice assistants. You can even play home videos using the USB Media Player. While HDR compatibility ensures a high contrast picture.
- Full HD Resolution
- Smart TV & Essential Apps
- Works with OK Google / Works with Alexa
- WLAN built-in / HDMI / Triple Tuner
- USB Media Player
- HDR Technologies
Full HD Picture Performance
The Full High Definition JS360 offers step-up picture performance from broadcast TV. If you’re upgrading from a standard definition TV, you’ll see an improvement in picture clarity. Nature programmes look more real and dramas will pop from the screen – all helped with high contrast HDR capability.
Smart TV & Essential Apps
Why limit your viewing to live TV broadcasts? Smart TVs connect easily to the internet, via their built-in Wi-Fi, offering a world of viewing choice. Catch-up TV, YouTube and popular video streaming services like Netflix, Amazon Prime are at your command.
JS360 Series models work with Ok Google or Alexa for hands-free control. Change channels, adjust the volume or turn the power on or off with just your voice. This is perfect for when you’re watching TV while cooking and other times when your hands are full.
Google and YouTube are trademarks of Google LLC.
Google Assistant is not available in certain languages and countries.
Amazon, Alexa and all related logos are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.
Flexible Viewing Options
Watching TV in the bedroom? No problem with the flexible viewing options of the JS360 Series: With DVB digital terrestrial, satellite and cable all built-in – HD Triple Tuner offers many routes to a great picture. It can also easily be connected via WLAN built-in and HDMI.
USB Media Player
With the USB Media Player you decide what is played on the TV. Simply connect a USB drive to the socket and access personal content stored on USB: games, music, videos or photos. This feature makes this TV an ideal companion for the kidsʼ room. Wall-mounting is also an option if you don‘t have too much space for a hefty media unit.
Screen Resolution 1920 (W) x 1080 (H)
Panel Drive 2K 600 Hz RMR
Picture Mode Natural/Dynamic/Cinema/Sport/Game
Ultra HD Premium*¹ —
Muti HDR Support*² HDR10/HLG
HDR Brightness Enhancer Y
Dynamic HDR Effect N
Contrast High Contrast
Colour Space N
Advanced Video Processor/Engine N
Local Dimming N
Adaptive Backlight Dimming Y
THX Certified Display*³ N
isf Mode N
Dolby Atmos N
Surround Surround Sound
Speaker Output 12 W (6 W x 2)
Sound Mode Smart/Movie/Music/News/Off
Smart TV Smart TV
Voice Personal Assistant Y(Works with Amazon Alexa/Works with Google Assistant)
Voice Guidance N
On Screen Display Menu Languages 38 Languages*¹⁶
Digital TV DVB-T/T2/C/S/S2
Twin Tuner —
Wireless LAN Built-in Y
TV Anywhere*⁴ —
In-House TV Streaming (DVB-IP) —
Panasonic TV Remote Apps —
Swipe & Share —
Web Browser*⁵ Y
Home Network*⁶ N
Bluetooth Audio Link*⁸ N
IP Home Control N
Media Player Y
.mp3/.wma/.wav/.aac/.m4a/.ogm/.ogg/.ac3/ .eac3 /.flac
Data Broadcasting Hbb TV 2.0.2
Teletext Reception 1000P
USB-HDD Recording*⁹ N
Multi Window N
HDAVI Control Y
Suppliers Trademark Panasonic
Model ID TX-32JS360B
Energy efficiency class A-G A+
Visible Screen Size (diagonal) 80 cm / 32 inches
On mode Average Power Consumption*¹⁰ 31W
Energy consumption per 1000 hours in kwh*¹¹ 45kWh/annum
Standby Power Consumption <0.5W
Off mode Power Consumption NA
Power Supply AC 220 – 240 V, 50/60 Hz
Rated Power Consumption –
Ambient Sensor (CATS) N
Switch Design —
Terminal Digital Tuner Reception DVB-T/T2/C/S/S2
Analogue Tuner Y
HDMI*¹² 1 (side), 1 (rear)
HDMI (HDCP2.2) 2
Support Feature Audio Return Channel (Input 2,rear) HDMI2.0
USB 1 (1 side, USB 2.0 x 1)
CI (Common Interface) 1 (CI Plus, Version 1.4)
Scart Connector —
Component Video Input shared with Composite RCA type x 1 (rear)
Digital Audio Output (Coax) —
Digital Audio Output (Optical) 1 (rear)
PC input(VGA) + PC Audio In 1x PC input (rear) + 1xPC Audio In (via rear AV)
Headphone Output 1 (side)
Included Accessory*¹³ TV Remote
Dimensions (W x H x D) (w/o stand) 732x453x78
Dimensions (W x H x D) (with stand)*¹⁴ 732x479x185
Dimension Pedestal 4385x20x185
Weight (w/o stand) 4.5 kg
Weight (with stand) 5.5 kg
VESA Compatible Y
VESA Dimension 75×75 (M4)
Outer Boxed Unit (W x H x D) TX-32JS360B: 795x530x128
Total Boxed Weight 7.5 kg
*¹ Ultra HD Premium™ logo is a trademark of the UHD Alliance, Inc.
*² All models: Supporting HDR does not increase the peak brightness capabilities of the TV panel.
Full HD & HD models: The ability to send a non 4K HDR signal via HDMI depends fully on the playback device. The majority of 4K Blu-ray discs require HDCP2.2 on TV to play back HDR, whereas the HDMI input on this TV support only HDCP1.4; accordingly not all HDR contents are guaranteed to be enjoyed on the TV.
*³ THX and the THX logo are trademarks of THX Ltd. which are registered in some jurisdictions. The THX 3D logo is a trademark of THX Ltd. All rights reserved.
*⁴ Due to network conditions or certain broadcaster restrictions, this function may not be available.
*⁵ The Web Browser cannot display some web pages correctly. And viewable contents by the Web Browser are subject to the following conditions;
– viewable contents may vary depend on models,
– viewable contents may differ from those for PC,
– viewable contents may be limited.
*⁶ File formats that are not supported by your Network Contents server (DLNA compatible server, etc.) cannot be played.
*⁷ HID (Human Interface Device Profile) compliant keyboards are available. A2DP (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile) compliant audio devices are available. The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Panasonic Corporation is under license.
*⁸ When a Bluetooth device is connected to the TV, it is possible that the Bluetooth audio output may not be synchronized (i.e. be delayed) with relation to the images on the screen. This is not a defect of the TV or the device. The delay time will differ depending on the device.
*⁹ This feature requires a USB hard drive or flash drive with a capacity of at least 160 GB.
*¹⁰ Based on IEC 62087 Ed.2 measurement method.
*¹¹ Energy consumption XYZ kWh per year, based on the power consumption of the television operating 4 hours per day for 365 days. The actual energy consumption will depend on how the television is used.
*¹² The terms HDMI and HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface, and the HDMI Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of HDMI Licensing, LLC in the United States and other countries.
*¹³ Not all the accessories are listed here.
*¹⁴ Dimension with recommended pedestal style.
*¹⁵ Supporting HSP standardized by CTA-2072 (HDR Still Photo Interface)
*¹⁶ 38 Languages (English, German, French, Danish, Finnish, Norwegian, Swedish, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Greek, Bulgarian, Hungarian, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Turkish, Lithuanian, Latvian, Estonian, Ukrainian, Serbian, Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, Albenian, Gaelic, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Flemish, Kazakh, Thai, Belarussian)
*¹⁷ To playback HDR, a HDR source is required (H.264 or H.265(ST2084 or HLG format)).
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Choose from our vast range of tech, from brand new kitchen appliances to the latest TVs and sound systems.
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Our friendly team will deliver and install your product at a time convenient to you, completely free of charge.
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Octave Bandwidth 4GHz – 8.3GHz VCO
The broadband VCO GVO4083 tunes over the frequency range of 4,0GHz to 8,3GHz and features low phase noise and low power consumption, despite the over-octave wide tuning range. A built-in buffer amplifier minimizes load pulling and an integrated voltage regulator markedly reduces pushing and filtering complexity for low spurious content from a single +5V source.
For applications that require fast on/off switching of the VCO, a version without the internal voltage regulator can be supplied (GVO4083U), allowing switching times of under 5µSec.
The VCO comes as an SMD-Module with 18mm x 21mm x 4mm.
U: Fast On/Off switching (5µS) via Supply Voltage


|Zero Point Energy & The Dirac Equation
(Copyright 2007, H. Javadi & F. Forouzbakhsh - All Rights Reserved)
by H. Javadi ( a ) and F. Forouzbakhsh ( b )
a. Invited professor of the Faculty of Science at Azad Islamic University, Tehran campuses, Tehran, Iran
b. Academic Researcher, Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Posted: 15:15 July 12, 2007
The Photon in a Gravitational Field
Color-charges and Color-magnetism
Definition of a CPH
Principle of CPH theory
CPH and the Cyclic Group
Zero Point Energy
Photo by Robert Morningstar
Zero Point Energy (ZPE) describes the random electromagnetic oscillations that are left in the vacuum after all other energy has been removed. One way to explain this is by means of the uncertainty principle of quantum physics, which implies that it is impossible to have a zero energy condition.
In this article, the ZPE is explained by using a novel description of the graviton. This is based on the behavior of photons in a gravitational field, leading to a new definition of the graviton. In effect, gravitons behave as if they have charge and magnetic effects.
These are referred to as negative color charge, positive color charge and magnetic color. From this, it can be shown that a photon is made of color charges and magnetic color. This definition of the structure of a photon then leads to an explanation of how the vacuum produces Zero Point Energy (ZPE).
Zero Point Energy (ZPE), or vacuum fluctuation energy, are terms used to describe the random electromagnetic oscillations that are left in a vacuum after all other energy has been removed.
The concept of zero-point energy was first proposed by Albert Einstein and Otto Stern in 1913, and was originally called "residual energy" or Nullpunktsenergie. All quantum mechanical systems have a zero point energy. The term arises commonly in reference to the ground state of the quantum harmonic oscillator and its null oscillations.
In cosmology, the vacuum energy is taken by many to be the origin of the cosmological constant. Experimentally, the zero-point energy of the vacuum leads directly to the Casimir effect , and is directly observable in nanoscale devices.
One way to explain this is by means of the uncertainty principle of quantum physics, which implies that it is impossible to have a zero energy condition.
In this article, an attempt has been made according to the concept of gravitational blue shift, to take the Mössbauer effect, Pound-Rebka experiments and the interaction between gravity and the photon into consideration from a Higgs field point of view.
Blue shift and the Mössbauer effect indicate clearly that three different Higgs bosons cause increasing photon mass when they have electromagnetic specifications. This generalizes color charge from the nuclear regime to the photon. This new view of color charge means that we can redefine the graviton and electromagnetic energy.
Gravitons behave like charged particles and in the interaction between gravity and the photon, gravitons convert to negative and positive color charges and magnetic color. These color charges and magnetic color form electromagnetic energy and electromagnetic energy then converts to matter and anti-matter such as charged particles.


- Help Center
- Diarkis C# SDK
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Diarkis C++ SDK
License and billing information
How To Measure UDP and RUDP Speed
You may send an echo packet to Diarkis server Cluster and receive an echo back to measure the speed of UDP and RUDP messaging.
Using Echo To Measure RUDP Speed
An echo is sent and received as a RUDP message.
NOTE: To receive the response of echo, register a listener to OnEcho.
udpClient.OnEcho += (double echoTime, string myAddress) =>
// echoTime is the round trip time in milliseconds
Using Ping To Measure UDP Speed
A ping is sent and received as a UDP message.
NOTE: To receive the response of ping, register a listener to OnPing
NOTE: Because a ping is sent and received as a UDP message, there maybe a chance the ping does not reach the destination due to potential packet loss.
udpClient.OnPing += (double pingTime, string myAddress) =>
// pingTime is the round trip time in milliseconds


A WiFi network is a wireless network that connects your internet router to your wireless-enabled devices (like printers, computers, and smartphones) in your business utilizing a wireless radio signal. A wireless network provides your business with convenience and mobility to access shared files, other devices on your network, and most importantly, connect to your internet.
Wireless networks and traditional ethernet-wired networks have the same basic structure. The basic components of a wireless network are:
- Router (or Wireless Router)
- Wireless Access Point (WAP)
- Wireless Adaptor–often called network interface cards (NIC’s)
- Wireless Bridge (to wireless bring internet to another building without internet connectivity)
- Wireless Controller
Our goal is to give you the very best in telecommunications services and to provide your business with cutting-edge technology.


Air Conditioner motor braking is the system in autos that brakes the wheels instantly when the car comes to a standstill. It can either be magnetic or a servo kind system. The type of stopping system you carry your lorry will depend upon whether it's manual or automated. Brake pads and also drums are what move the energy between the brake and also the lorry's wheels. So, if you desire your car to brake without making use of pads or drums, the system will need to be different from the one that uses brakes. Brake rubbing implies there is a particular amount of Air Conditioner voltage that have to go through the system. This is normally a very low amount of voltage, however it is called for to keep the wheels from sliding. You can find here more information about electric motor braking systems.
Brake pads and drums do not transfer this energy directly to the A/C electric motor, so the system requires some kind of regulatory authority or control gadget in order to preserve the Air Conditioning voltage. This regulation is usually accomplished by having a series of lead-acid flooded capacitors that control the amount of Air Conditioner voltage moving with the system. There are a number of different manner ins which Air Conditioner electric motor braking systems work. One means is called straight air conditioning electric motor braking, as well as it's done with a single wire that commences as well as finishes at the brake solenoid. The solenoid allows the flow of A/C existing to be controlled straight by the lorry's tires. If you are wondering why the controller has to be attached to the brake solenoid, the solenoid allows just a defined quantity of current to stream because of a digital control circuit. So, even though the a/c electric motor stopping system is working, the actual stopping procedure is really taking place at the wheels because the DC injection brakes are still working.
A second way that this braking process takes place is through a momentary stopping resistor. The idea behind this resistor is to stop present from going to the actual braking resistors when the system is running under stopping conditions. So, for instance, when the traction control system is activated and the lorry is worsening, the circuit voltage regulator may run under greater than regular currents, which would certainly stop the car from quiting properly. To fix this issue, the short-term stopping resistor enables a reduced existing to be established into the circuit. When the lorry slows down, the circuit voltage regulatory authority matches the brand-new braking resistance, which triggers the auto to reduce in a controlled fashion. This is the second kind of air conditioning motor circuit control unit, which is really comparable to the solenoid-based system. You can see more here about the air conditioner electric motor braking systems.
The third method is by utilize of a dual-arm Air Conditioner electric motor. This stopping mechanism is generally a two-arm rotating actuator with one arm of the rotor connected to a reduced stator as well as the various other arm connected to a leading celebrity. This dual-arm layout enhances the performance of the stopping process, because it is able to put more power right into the blades consequently raising the torque that the state can put on the brakes. This kind of electric motor is really convenient to make use of for slow-speed braking systems. Based on the A/C motor braking procedure described over, there are two kinds of Air Conditioning braking devices: direct and indirect.
A direct braking system places power directly into the brakes while an indirect stopping system uses a constant voltage resource as a stopping system. As an example, an electric motor may be made use of to give a constant 5 Volts to the intermediate circuit voltage in order to generate a torque effect. Such systems typically have high performance as well as are made use of in racing engines. You can get more enlightened on this topic by reading here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor.


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TechXpert Tip: CHECKFIRE 210 - Reset Battery Life Indicator
When replacing the battery module during annual maintenance, the battery life indicator must be reset using the ICM or connect to a PC with the ANSUL CHECKFIRE 210 programmer software.
After replacing the battery module follow the steps below.
- Place the CHECKFIRE 210 System into isolate mode using the isolate switch on the side of the ICM.
- Press and hold the programming button for more than five seconds then release.
- All programming LEDs pulse 3 times in one second to confirm battery life indicator is reset.
- Cancel isolate mode by returning the isolate switch to the normal position.
PC Instructions (Using CHECKFIRE 210 Software):
When connected to the ANSUL CHECKFIRE 210 Programmer software, click the Reset button in the Battery Life Remaining section.
CHECKFIRE 210 Detection and Actuation System


So let’s say you’re a voiceover artist like yours truly and you decide that rather than just buy a computer to use as your DAW (Digital Audio Workstation), you’d rather build one yourself so that you have greater control over the components that go into it and, hopefully, will end up with a purpose-built system that does the job well and costs less than one you’d buy from a manufacturer who specializes in pre-fab DAW machines.
If you have some experience inside the case of a computer, this is entirely do-able. As to whether or not it’s the best solution is totally up to you and your situation. It could in fact save you money, or it could end up costing you more. It will almost certainly take much more time and effort than buying one pre-fab, but sometimes just the process itself is worth a little effort if you have fun with this sort of thing or want to learn about building PCs. Plus, then you end up with something that is, hopefully, exactly what you want without being less or more.
First let’s just go through a run-down of the components you’ll need:
Sound Card or Audio Interface
Monitor / Display
Keyboard / Mouse
Whew…that’s a fair amount of stuff, huh?
Now, before you even start to think about that there list, you need to ask yourself what OS you’re going to run. Vista is spiffy and looks great and has some really cool features. I’ve also found it to be quite stable. However, many audio hardware manufacturers have been extremely slow to release stable, efficient Vista drivers for their hardware. Please note this is no fault of Vista but of the manufacturers themselves. So if you already have a favorite bit of hardware that doesn’t run under Vista yet, contact the manufacturer and ask them what’s taking them so darn long!
Note that on 2/12/08, Microsoft released a number of Windows updates for Vista and to be honest, it’s the first time I’ve encountered ANY stability issues with the OS. I’m not sure what part of those updates, specifically, has caused this flakiness, and it seems to have mostly corrected itself (perhaps with another couple of updates on 2/13), but I’m hopeful that the remaining issues are resolved asap since, again, up til now, I’ve had extremely stable performance from Vista on every machine I’ve run it on.
Ok, since everybody’s going to have different preferences and needs from their system, I’m not saying that my choices for components are the “right” way to do it, but one example. In fact there are a couple of things I would (and might) change, but I’ll talk about those in a few minutes. My main goal here is to shed some light on the process and things you need to consider when building your own DAW.
Before I get into how I made my selections, let’s just spend a few minutes going over what each of the above components is and how it relates to the others.
- Case – This is the shell that the majority of the computer’s bits fit inside of. Sometimes people call this the “tower”. I’ve heard many people mistakenly call this the “hard drive” but a hard drive is a component that goes inside the case.
- Motherboard – The primary electronic component of the computer, the motherboard or mainboard as it’s sometimes called, is a large circuitboard that everything gets connected to either directly or indirectly.
- Power Supply – Fits inside the case and supplies power to the system.
- Processor – The processor, or CPU, is the primary computing component of the whole system. Some people like to call this the “computer’s brain”. Those people usually have trouble answering their cell phones (just kidding!)
- Memory – Memory, or RAM, is where programs and files are loaded while they’re being used. The more memory your system has (up to a point) the faster it’ll run, because the computer can load more programs and files into memory, which is accessed very quickly. RAM only operates while the computer is turned on.
- Hard Drives – These, also known as disk drives, are the “permanent” storage for your computer, meaning data stored on the hard drive isn’t lost when the computer is turned off, as it is with RAM.
- Sound Card or Audio Interface – This is what takes your voice, by way of a microphone and any other components you add to your audio chain, such as a pre-amplifier or mixer, and turns it from an analog audio signal to a digital one that can be stored as data on your computer.
- Monitor / Display – This is the part that looks kind of like a TV and it’s what you’re looking at right now. And now. And again now.
- Speakers, Keyboard / Mouse, Printer – If I have to explain these, I’m afraid this article isn’t going to do you much good. Sorry :)
Case, Motherboard, Processor & Power Supply
Why are these four things all lumped together? Well, in many ways, the choice of one directly affects the choice of the others, or at least limits the choices you’ll make. In the case of building a DAW, and in fact in building any computer, what you’re going for are tailoring the equipment to your specific needs. In my case, I’d determined that I wanted a machine with very good performance and longevity, but without paying a premium for everything when all was said and done.
With that in mind, I started by thinking about what kind of processor, or CPU, I’d want to use. I knew that I wanted an Intel Core 2 Duo processor, and the one I chose was fast without being the fastest thing on the market at the time, which will save you a lot of money in most cases. Generally one or two steps down from the absolute state of the art in processors is where you’ll find the best value – the best performance for the money. Sometimes, the 2nd fastest processor available at a given time is half the cost of the fastest one, but only 5% to 10% slower, so it’s a pretty good deal.
Now that I had decided on a processor, it was time to pick a motherboard for the system. Different motherboards only accept certain CPUs, so again, some forethought has to go into what you’re planning for the whole system so that the various components match up.
So once I’d selected my processor, I did some research and found a motherboard that seemed to suit all of my needs. Obviously, the motherboard had to support the processor that I’d chosen, so that was step one. I also wanted one that had eSATA controllers for the hard drives. An eSATA connection is a very fast hard drive controller technology. Fast drives are important in a DAW because you want to make sure that your hard drives, where your audio will be recorded to and saved, are fast enough to keep up with the bit-rate (how fast the data is processed) of your audio and the software that you use to record it. Just FYI the motherboard I chose is the Asus P5B Deluxe.
Not only did this motherboard have eSATA controllers, but it also included a SATA RAID controller. RAID, which stands for Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, is a way of using multiple hard drives together either to improve the performance of them, add redundancy to safeguard your data, or both. RAID use is a bit technical…there are various “levels” of RAID, meaning various ways to use the technology depending on your needs. I chose RAID-5, which means that with at least three disks in the array working together, your data is safe even if one disk fails. Pretty cool stuff…there’s a bit of a performance hit with RAID-5, especially when compared to RAID-0, which is very fast, but RAID-0 is vulnerable because if a disk goes bad, your data is lost.
RAID-5 can survive a disk failure without losing data. If this happens, you simply replace the drive that failed with new one (of the same type) and the data is “rebuilt” onto the new drive. This process is generally done by the RAID controller itself and invisible to the user, which is pretty handy.
I figured that with the speed of the eSATA controller and the speed of drives available these days, the slight performance hit by using RAID-5 would be overcome enough to not have any issues with recording audio at sustained bitrates (and true enough, this has never been an issue…the system performs great).
The motherboard I chose also has an IEEE 1394, or FireWire, controller built in, and it’s controlled by a Texas Instruments chipset. Under normal circumstances, you wouldn’t need to know (or care) who makes the FireWire controller, but in researching DAWs online as well as audio interfaces (we’ll get to those later), I noticed that a number of manufacturers claimed that their hardware only worked with Texas Instruments FireWire chipsets. I have no idea if this is true, and at the time I didn’t even know what type of audio interface I would be using, but I figured since this motherboard used the TI chipset anyway, it was a good bet because it would offer another level of flexibility in terms of choosing the audio interface when I got to that point.
So now that I’d decided on a processor and motherboard, it was time to pick a case. Cases are generally standardized in certain respects, such as layout of the attachment points for the motherboard, the I/O panel cutout (the area where the various ports will be available on the back of the machine), where the power supply goes, etc. Of course their are always exceptions, but for today’s PCs, generally what you’ll be looking at are some variant of what’s called an ATX case. This isn’t a brand, but a sort of “standard” for cases. There are also a number of BTX cases available as well. ATX and BTX cases are not compatible with each other, as they have their I/O panels and expansion slots in different places. This comes into play when selecting a motherboard (motherboards are also identified by their layout standard), so you’ll need to pair an ATX motherboard with an ATX case, etc.
Call me silly, but one of the things I was looking for in a case was something that was a little bit different looking and that had a certain “cool factor” to it. For this reason, I chose the red Vento case by Asus. It didn’t look like much else on the market, the color was vibrant and it definitely looked high tech and cool. I also read a little about it and found that people thought it had very good airflow characteristics, which is good, because I was going to try to use a minimal number of fans within my DAW, so a case with better airflow is going to make better use of the fans that are there.
Ok, so the last component in this group is the power supply. There are a couple of hard and fast requirements here. First, the power supply has to have the right connectors for your motherboard and second, it has to supply enough power for the other components that you’ll build into your DAW. The one component in a system that will often require a beefy power supply is the video card, since many current video cards, especially those designed for gaming and advanced 3D graphics, use a LOT of power. Fortunately, for my needs, cutting edge graphics aren’t a requirement, so I figured that based on what components I’d be using, a 500W power supply should do the trick. I did some research and found that the Thermaltake W0093RU power supply had gotten good reviews both for reliablity and noise, meaning that it wasn’t too loud.
This should serve as a mildly annoying reminder that you simply can’t trust the opinions of people you don’t know. While I’m sure the power supply is much quieter than many, it certainly isn’t “quiet” empirically. In fact, I’ll probably swap out this power supply at some point because it simply is too loud.
Now, with regard to the power supply, you need to make sure that the power supply you choose has the proper connectors for your motherboard and video card, especially if you’re building a system with a high-end card, because they often require their own power connector. As an example, your motherboard may require a 20+4 pin connector, a 12v 4-pin connector or both. This one has both as well as plenty of peripheral connectors. But again, it’s not as quiet as I would have liked. Moving on then.
When you look at motherboards, you’ll see that they’re rated for memory up to a certain speed, and this can be determined by the rating of the Front Side Bus or FSB. So if your motherboard has an 800MHz FSB, then you can use memory rated up to that speed. Many motherboards support different speeds of memory so that if you want to use slower / cheaper memory for now, then upgrade later, you have the ability to do that. However, I would recommend buying the fastest memory you can afford to buy for the FSB of your motherboard, and to get at least 2GB of memory.
Since memory is where your applications and data are loaded into while you’re using them, fast memory means faster performance in your computer. And having 2GB of memory means that your software will run fast even when you have multiple programs open. This is good, because it means your system won’t “page” software to disk…if it did this, there’s a good chance your audio would be glitchy since the computer would be trying to stream audio to disk at the same time it’s trying to swap program data to and from disk.
While disk access is very fast, it’s not nearly as fast as RAM access, so again, my recommendation is to have at least 2GB of the fastest memory your system supports.
Note that under Windows XP, only 2GB of memory is supported. Under Vista (the 32-bit version), you can have up to 4GB of memory in the system, not all of which will be usable by the system. This is due to some technical limitations with 32-bit computing and system architecture that I won’t go into, but for most people, 32-bit is still a good idea, especially if you’re more interested in software compatibility than you are the “ultimate” processing performance. Again, given that the audio manufacturers and developers aren’t known for having bleeding-edge, stable hardware and software, I would recommend, at least for the time being, sticking with a 32-bit OS (Win XP, Vista 32-bit) for now.
Ok, again, this is an area that people always disagree on. And there’s no right or wrong here, so just give this a little thought and make the best decision for you.
As I mentioned when talking about my motherboard above, I wanted to implement RAID-5 so that I’d have data redundancy. But it’s also a good idea to have your data on a different drive than your operating system and software. Fortunately, I was able to do this with my system, because the motherboard has the SATA RAID controller AND a secondary SATA controller. So I used the secondary SATA controller for the system’s primary (boot) disk, and set up the SATA RAID to use 3 hard drives for the RAID array, where all my data would be stored.
So far, this has worked out extremely well and as I mentioned, I haven’t had any performance issues at all. Part of this, though, is selecting fast hard drives. SATA and eSATA are already fast technologies, with very good data throughput. And you’ll see, for instance, that if you look at a SATA 3.0 drives, that they all are rated at 7200RPM, so there’s not a ton of variation in performance between drives. You’ll see things like seek times and write times expressed in milliseconds, and you’ll notice that they’re all very close.
I chose some Seagate drives, because I’ve had very good luck with Seagate products in the past and these drives, which use “perpendicular recording” are supposed to have some of the best performance times and quietest operation among SATA 3.0 drives.
Now, with RAID-5, again, you need at least three drives, and the capacity of your RAID array is the total of all your drives minus one. In my case, I got three 250GB drives, so my RAID array is 500GB (250 * 3 = 750, minus one drive at 250 = 500 total). RAID-5 supports more than three drives…just use the same formula to calculate your total…and of course you can also get higher capacity drives which, at the time, were too expensive for the budget I’d set for myself. Also, the SATA RAID controller only would allow for 3 drives (there are dedicated RAID controllers that allow for more) so this is where I ended up.
Actually I got four drives, because as I mentioned, there are three in the RAID array and one used for the system’s boot and program disk.
Sound Card or Audio Interface
Let’s not forget we’re not just building an “ordinary” PC here, we’re building a Digital Audio Workstation. So the Sound Card or Audio Interface is one of the most directly important parts of the system. There are many, many options to choose from and, again, what you choose is going to be dictated by a lot of factors.
First let’s discuss the difference between a Sound Card and an Audio Interface. Both serve the same purpose…to bring in an analog audio signal and convert it to a digital signal that can be manipulated on the computer and stored as digital audio. A sound card goes inside your computer and gets plugged into one of the slots on the motherboard. If you’ve ever owned a desktop PC with a variation of a Sound Blaster, then you’re already familiar with sound cards, as that’s what the Sound Blaster is. In a higher-end or pro-audio sound card, there’s usually an additional component in the form of either a bundle of cables coming out of the back of the card (such as XLR connectors to plug in pro microphones) or what’s called a breakout box, which is another device connected to the back of the soundcard. Usually the breakout box includes the various I/O (input / output) connectors.
An audio interface, on the other hand, is an external device that usually attaches to the computer through either a USB or FireWire port. Instead of the computer’s sound card doing the analog-to-digital (and reverse) work, this is done inside the audio interface and then sent to the computer through the USB or FireWire connection.
In each case, the hardware you choose will have drivers that allow your chosen audio software to use your hardware to send sound to the computer and, subsequently, your software.
When I built my DAW, because of some of the things I’d read about various audio interfaces, such as trouble with certain USB or FireWire connections causing dropouts in the audio, or flaky drivers, I decided instead to go with a pro sound card and chose the E-MU 1616m PCI. E-MU, by the way, is the pro audio division of Creative Labs, the company that makes the Sound Blaster products. This was one of the reasons I chose this product. For one thing, Creative Labs has a long-standing reputation for pretty good and stable drivers. I assumed this would carry over into the E-MU line of products. For another thing, they’ve also had a pretty good track record for developing drivers for new operating systems quicker than most audio hardware manufacturers.
This was another bonus, because I figured that although I was going to use Windows XP for now (more on that later), that if / when I decided to upgrade to Vista, E-MU would likely have stable Vista drivers ready long before many other manufacturers.
Either way you go, there are a few things you want to make sure of. First, your chosen hardware should supply 48V Phantom Power to your mic input(s), as almost all non-tube microphones require this. Many tube mics have their own pre-amp / power supply, but non-powered microphones generally require Phantom Power making this a necessity (and in fact it’s available on just about all pro-grade sound cards and audio interfaces, but just make sure!).
XLR connectors for your mic(s) are another requirement. Unlike the “normal” PC sound card, which takes an 1/8th inch headphone-style jack as its input source, pro audio equipment generally uses 3-pin XLR connectors, so in order to keep your audio chain (the series of devices you have connected together) as “clean” as possible, you want to not use any more cables or adapters than are necessary. The best way to do this is to choose hardware that accepts the type of connectors you’ll likely be using.
There are plenty of features that sound cards and audio interfaces have and will try to sell you on. Other than what I mentioned above, make sure that if you plan to (or think you might) record with more than one mic at some point, or with instruments, etc., that the hardware you choose has multiple inputs. Also, good DACs (digital-to-analog convertors) are important since they’re what does the conversion of the audio to a digital form. Your hardware’s sampling rate should be at least 44kHz (the sampling frequency used on CDs, for example) for good audio fidelity.
One final note here. Many motherboards include audio hardware. If yours does, you may need to disable it so that it doesn’t interfere with your sound card or audio interface that you’ve decided on. At the very least, having more than one sound card or audio hardware option on a PC can be confusing and can lead to a lot of frustration if you’re recording into one and wondering why the speakers hooked up to the other aren’t playing any sound! Much of this comes down to the configuration of your hardware and software settings as relates to audio hardware, so just keep this in mind if you find yourself frustrated with such things.
Monitor / Display
These days, it’s almost impossible to find a CRT monitor for a computer. CRTs are the “old style” tube-based monitors that essentially look like a traditional analog TV set. They’re deep and heavy, thanks to the cathode ray tube (CRT) assembly and front glass required to create the on-screen image. But just like with newer hi-def and digital TVs, computer monitors these days are primarily flat-panels and, more recently, widescreen. Not only are flat-panel displays lighter and take up less room, they can be easily wall mounted and have exceptional image quality. Plus, their ubiquity in recent years has made them quite affordable for their size, as well.
Having a widescreen display is great, because obviously you can see more at once. This is especially useful when using an audio program where you’re going to be looking at your audio tracks…widescreen displays allow you to see more of your tracks at once, or to see the same amount (as you would on a traditional 4:3, or “TV-shape” monitor) at a bigger size, making it easier to see and work with.
Just like with most other electronics, many people have their favorite brands. Personally, I really like Samsung flat-panel displays and usually purchase them when I’m building or upgrading a system.
Now, in addition to the display itself, there’s also the video card or display adapter. I mentioned this briefly when I said that I’d chosen one without a fan, to make for a quieter system. Note that many motherboards include video hardware on the motherboard itself, but that the included circuitry may not offer you all the features you want. For instance, widescreen displays run at different resolutions (the number of dots horizontally by the number of dots vertically) than traditional 4:3 displays, since they’re a different shape. Integrated video hardware on a particular motherboard may not offer widescreen resolutions, or ones that are as high-resolution as the monitor you choose, so it’s important to make sure that your display adapter runs at your monitor’s “native” (default) resolution at a minimum.
There’s also a good reason to consider a video card as opposed to relying on video hardware that’s integrated into the motherboard, and that’s that many video cards offer dual outputs. Why would you want this? Well, you may want to use two monitors side-by-side to get an extended desktop and see more at once. Or, as in my situation, you may want to have one monitor on your desk and one inside your booth or recording space, so that you can control the computer from either location.
Some motherboards do have dual display outputs but they’re less common than are dual displays on video cards, so again, just make sure your hardware will be able to do what you want it to do.
For my system, I chose the Asus EAX 1600 Pro Silent video card with dual outputs and fan-less operation. For my monitors, I have a 20″ Samsung widescreen display on my desk and a 17″ Samsung widescreen display for in the booth. Note, though, that I haven’t yet mounted the 17″ display inside the booth and may in fact swap it out for another 20″ display since the 20″ and 17″ displays have different native resolutions…this was a mistake on my part. Oops!
Like microphones, people have very passionate opinions on speakers and speaker technology. I’m not going to spend a lot of time on this, because as I was putting together my DAW, and knowing that I would likely be the only person ever to listen to them, I opted for about the least expensive “studio monitors” I could find that would connect to my E-MU’s breakout box. At the time, these turned out to be the M-Audio StudioPro DX4 powered monitors. Actually there were cheaper speakers available, but they were, inconveniently for me, out of stock at the time and I needed something, so these had to do. They sound great as far as I’m concerned. I likely could have found cheaper “computer speakers” and just used an adaptor to connect them to the E-MU, but even “computer speakers” that sound decent are getting kind of expensive these days, so I figured that I’d spend a couple extra $$ and get something designed for this particular application (and with the right connectors already).
Keyboard / Mouse
Now, you can go to Target and get a cheapo keyboard for about $10 and a mouse for probably $5, but I prefer to spend a bit more on my kb / mouse because I’m kind of particular about both typing and mousing. When I built this sytem, I just set it up with an old IBM keyboard I had lying around along with a nice, ergonomic Logitech mouse that I like.
This past week, however, I purchased a Bluetooth wireless keyboard / mouse combo by Rocketfish from Best Buy. The reason for this is that I’m finally getting around to getting my phone patch (not ordered yet, though) and I want to be able to control my DAW not only from the desk outside the booth but from inside as well. So I have a flat-panel mount and a keyboard / mouse arm that I have to put into the inside of the booth, but the Bluetooth kb/mouse will allow me to simply carry the mouse & keyboard to the inside of the booth when I’m recording and then just bring them out again when I’m going to be working at the desk.
It’s a pretty convenient solution and Rocketfish claims a 60′ range which is way more than I need, but means that at about 6′ away, the signal should be plenty strong. I’ve yet to hook it up, so I’m hoping that the Bluetooth doesn’t cause any residual interference with my audio chain.
I won’t spend too much time on this either, but just don’t forget that you’ll likely want to have a printer so that you can print out scripts, script revisions, script notes, etc. And a place to put it. Most printers are either USB or ethernet (network) connected these days so, again, just make sure what you buy fits in with your whole setup.
Putting It All Together
Hmm, I thought about a step by step here, but I think that’s beyond the scope of this post as well as being too specific to the particulars of anybody’s setup. So instead, I’ll just quickly go over the general order of getting things put together.
I started by putting the motherboard into the case and connecting all of its various fan and system wires such as the wire for the power button, the wires that go to the front panel USB and FireWire ports, etc. Depending on your case layout, you may want to put the power supply in first, but if not, you’ll likely put it in after you get the motherboard in.
After the motherboard and power supply, next I would put in the processor and its heatsink / fan and get those connected. Then I’d put in the RAM. After that, any expansion cards (such as my E-MU 1616 and Asus video card).
Next I’d attach all the hard drives. Note that in my particular case, I had to do a fair amount of finagling with the hard drives, because I connected the drives for the RAID array first, but doing this, there was no way to then later connect the fourth drive (to the secondary SATA controller) and have that be the system’s boot disk. So I then had to disconnect the RAID drives, connect the boot disk, re-install Windows XP (ugh) and supply the Asus motherboard driver for the secondary SATA controller during Windows installation. Once this was done and Windows was installed on the boot drive, I reconnected the RAID drives and they became my D:\ drive. To be perfectly honest, this whole thing was the most difficult and annoying part of building my DAW, especially since the Asus tech support guy I talked to said it wasn’t possible to do what I was trying to do (have a drive on the secondary SATA controller be the system disk). But in fact, it was possible and has worked flawlessly.
After that, the system is pretty much built…you just need to close up the case, attach your monitor, keyboard, mouse and speakers and you should be good to go.
Finally, once your OS is installed and you’ve gotten your various hardware drivers installed, you can install your other software, such as audio recording software, e-mail and word processing programs if you use them, etc.
I personally wouldn’t recommend isntalling anti-virus software on a DAW, only because all anti-virus software slows down system performance while it’s running. This could cause audio dropouts and other problems (such as issues with file permissions) that can lead to major headaches.
Instead, I would recommend keeping your system free of anti-virus software and connecting it to your internet connection through a broadband firewall / router such as any number of those manufactured by Linksys, for example. The reason for this is the firewall / router will NAT your computer, meaning it’ll connect to your ISP and pass that connection to your computer through a technology called NAT (Network Address Translation). When your computer’s connected through NAT, Windows File and Printer Sharing cannot work on the other side of the firewall / router…they can only work on computers on the inside of your network. This, combined with common sense when surfing the web and opening e-mail, should keep you pretty safe.
I hate to suggest it, but if you feel like you don’t HAVE any common sense when it comes to surfing the web or opening e-mail, then just don’t do any of those things as aren’t specifically related to your audio work. Only go to sites that you already know are safe and don’t open any attachments you weren’t expecting to receive, unless you’re sure they’re audio files or image files, etc.
Wow, this was a long post. But hopefully somebody will find it useful. Again, the idea here wasn’t to say what’s right / wrong as much as to describe a bit of the thought process that went into building my system so that in the event you’re thinking about building one, too, you can perhaps learn from some of the successes and failures of my own experience.
This is by no means the only way to go. As I mentioned briefly, there are companies who specialize in building and selling DAWs, and I have a friend who just “went out and bought a laptop” with Windows Vista, hooked up an Audio Interface and microphone and installed some audio software and she’s happy as a clam. But I like building PCs and this was a fun project. Whatever you decide to do, make sure it’s the right choice for you, taking into considering how you like to work, your particular hardware or software preferences, your space and your budget.


A Structured cabling is a system of cabling that is aligned with a hardware system that provides a detailed telecommunications infrastructure. This infrastructure has played a great role in the telecommunications department, this is because it helped the telephone service providers to efficiently and conveniently provide quality services to their subscribers, it has also ensured that their is faster transmission of data thus promoting faster transmission of information between different people of the world.The structured cabling system starts where the service providers gather and assemble the relevant different types of equipment and make the to fully work together,this promotes the efficiency of their system and makes them to work conveniently. However the structured cabling system varies depending on various different factors, this can either be due to the architectural structure nof the building, which accommodates the cabling installation.
Apart from the architectural design of the house,the cable connection products can also determine the the structured cabling system to be installed in particular places, the aims and the targets of the system will determine the types of cables and the cabling system that is efficient. Many people design their building so that they can best accommodate and suit the type of the cabling and these structured cabling system they want, however they also makes sure the structure and design of the building will support the cabling system and and ensures that it properly functions.
It is also good to understand and known the different types of equipment that the cabling installation you intend to install can support, this is important because it will help in making sure that the cabling installation is efficient and properly working,this will make both the subscribers and the service providers to happy since it will improve the services.When choosing a cabling installation, make sure the types of equipment you intend to use can be supported by the cabling installation both in the present and in the future, this will help promote efficiency and proper working of the cabling system for a very long period of time.
The requirements and interests of the customers should be the first priority before installing the structured cabling installation ,however make sure that the cabling installation meets the interest and the required interests of the targeted customers. Structured cabling system installation maintenance is standardized this helps in ensuring that their is proper cabling installation. The structured cabling system includes the following,backbone cables, the entrance facilities and the backbone pathways.
The facility entrance constitute of the cabling components that are required to a means to connect the outside services to the premise cabling.The facility entrance also houses the transition outside plant cabling to cabling approved for inter building construction. From the entrance facility ,the structured cabling installation divides out to other designed buildings,this is mainly supported by the backbone cabling.However connectors are important to the functionality of the entire telecommunications network, this is because they help in aligning, attaching and decoupling the media to a transmitter ,receiver or another media thus promoting faster transmission and sharing of information.


Key laboratory of Fujian
X-Ray fluorescence spectrometer, X-Ray diffraction instrument, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Malvern laser particle size analyzer, colorimeter, carbon - sulfur analyzer, magnetic materials analyzer, electron microscope, flame spectrophotometer, energy spectrometer, high temperature sintering furnace, mechanical testing instrument, specific gravity and porosity ratio testing instrument, ultrasonic sieving instrument, slaping sifting machine etc.; chemical analysis laboratory and chemical synthesis lab etc.;
The last ten years, the company's R & D funding average annually is 3.3% of the total sales turnover of the company, and the company set up the R & D special funds, which provide adequate funding for R & D centers.
|Oxygen sensor with yttrium stabilized zirconia|
|Titanium dioxide with electronic grade|
|Zirconium corundum abrasive materials|


Atomic Clock Movement
Atomic Clock Movement is a unique clock motor. The movement's frequency is tuned into the 60khz signal, which the National Institute of Technology transmits as the WWVB time signal. The National Institute of Technology Standards (NIST) and its' engineers at the federal government facility in Fort Collins, Colorado, connected an actual atomic clock to a powerful transmitter. The transmitter broadcasts a time code for our atomic clock movements to receive their time update.
With the reception of this time code, the clock motor will set itself to accurate synchronized time, giving you a time display you can trust.
You can take an existing clock and easily convert it into an atomic clock. You only have to follow some simple steps. Step one is to ensure the atomic clock motor will fit into your existing watch.
As you see, the dimensions of the atomic clock motor are 2 1/2" wide x 3 1/2" high x 3/4". The threaded part of the hand shaft is 1/4" and the overall shaft length is ½ inch. The threaded portion of the shaft must fit through your clock face with about 1/16" extra so you can secure the clock movement to your dial with the provided hex nut. Check Out our tech support videos for additional insights.
The atomic clock mechanism is tuned to pick up the NIST radio time signal broadcast. Sometimes these clock movements are referred to as radio-controlled movements. There is no fee associated with receiving the radio time code. Just use this clock movement to receive the signal and enjoy accurate reliable time.
Atomic clocks reset to the correct time by receiving the time signal transmitted by the WWVB station in Fort Collins, Colorado. The time broadcast covers the United States. When you receive your clock parts, you follow the provided instructions. It is as simple as installing the batteries and setting your time zone.
If you need assistance selecting the correct clock parts, please go to our technical support section and view our instruction videos. Sign into our messenger chat to get additional support or contact us.
- Movement Total Shaft Length 1/2” threaded shaft length 1/4"
- 4 1/8" Hour and Minute Hand set. (HND1346B-ATOM) Included
- 4 1/2 inch red second hand (SWP1286R-FC) Included
- Runs on one AA Battery (NOT included)
- Works in all 4 American time zones
Dimensions: 2-1/2” wide x 3-1/2” High x 3/4” deep


The FCI-Navigator is a fully electronic indicator primarily designed for utility overhead lines of medium voltage.
lt consists of a black polyamid housing with a clamping mechanism from stainless steel, a transparent cap, the indication unit with LEDs and the electronic circuit encapsulated in resin compound.
The indicator has an built-in battery control. When the battery runs down from 400 hours to 50 hours remaining flashing capacity, a yellow LED starts blinking for 1/2 a year.
The indicator is energized by changeable lithium long- time batteries with a life expectancy of 15-20 years.
The FCI can be installed on an overhead line and removed from it by a Hot Stick. The indication has an excellent visibility from all sides
The FCI-Navigator has a load levelling characteristic. This means; the FCI constantly monitors the current magnitude(load) on the line and electronically adjusts reference trip current for a fault (selfadjusting). If a fault current trips the indicator, extremly bright red LEDs will flash until reset.
Special characteristics for different types:
FCI-Navigator LM, version A
Indication by 4 red and 2 yellow LED. The reset is done automatically either by return of current or by time, whichever occurs first or manually.
FCI-Navigator LM, version B
Indication by 4 red and 2 yellow LED. The reset is done automatically by time or manually.
FCI-Navigator LM, version C
Indication by 4 red and 2 yellow LEDs. Resetting of red LEDs by return of current on the line or by time, whichever occurs first or manually. Resetting of yellow LEDs by time or manually.
FCI-Navigator LM, version E
The indication of this type is immune against inrush currents. It senses the line current and the line voltage. The indication can‘t be activated, before the line is under voltage for at least 60 secs. Thus higher inrush currents and recloser cycling are blocked for indication.
Indication by 4 red and 2 yellow LEDs. Resetting by return of voltage on the line or -by time- whichever occurs first or manually.


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Home automation is a fairly new concept, but that doesn’t mean you can’t incorporate it into your daily life. Introducing SayPro AI, the next generation of artificial intelligence training programs. This program uses cutting-edge technology to teach you how to use home automation effectively and safely. Whether you’re a seasoned pro or completely new to the world of smart homes, SayPro AI has got you covered.
The first step to using home automation effectively is installing a smart hub. If you haven’t done so already, we highly recommend getting one! Once on board, download the SayPro AI app and begin learning how to control your smart home with ease. All intelligent products work best when they’re programmed correctly, so SayPro AI will walk you through every step of installation and setup. From there on out, yourSayProAI program will teach you about common smart home devices like thermostats, door locks, and more. As you go throughout the lessons, you’ll learn practical skills that will take your smart home from average to extraordinary!
SayPro is AI-powered data analytics that helps businesses turn data into actionable insights in minutes. It’s the smartest way to get the most out of your data and put it to work for you. With SayPro, you’ll get real-time data and predictive analytics that can help you make smart decisions quickly and efficiently. It’s like having a virtual assistant on hand who knows exactly how to navigate your business’ data and intelligently prioritize its importance.
SayPro is one of the smartest ways to leverage your data for maximum impact. Ask yourself this again later!
SayPro is a breakthrough technology that teaches artificial intelligence in an interactive way. With SayPro, you can learn AI in no time!
SayPro uses state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to teach AI in an engaging and effective way. The system adapts to each user’s needs and provides personalized tutoring based on your skills and knowledge.
SayPro will help you master AI quickly and easily, so you can take advantage of its powerful cognitive capabilities in your daily life. Finally, a solution that delivers results – SayPro is the answer you’ve been searching for!


Computer Doctor is a technology company located in Imperial Valley that provides home users, small businesses, and corporations with information technology solutions. Information technology has become a necessary component of everyday life whether you are at home or working in the office. Our goal at Computer Doctor is to provide each of our clients with easy to use, yet powerful, technology solutions to keep all of your computers and network systems running at peak performance levels. Our network engineers have over 15 years of experience working in large corporations, government agencies, community colleges, small businesses, and with home users. Clients take comfort in the fact Computer Doctor’s network engineers not only hold information technology certifications such as Microsoft, Novell, Cisco and IBM; but also have Masters Degrees in Business Administration (MBA) with an emphasis in Information Technology Management. We are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to provide healthcare to all of our digital patients.


Powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD) used for X-ray diffraction measurements
Post author: Lauren Hyde. Last update: 21/08/2014 at 2:52 pm by Lauren Hyde.
Manufacturer: Bruker, D8 Advance
The XRD uses standard Ni-filtered Cu kα radiation and is capable of collecting data from ~1° to 160° 2θ. It is fitted with an automatic sample changer, allowing for the easy data collection on up to 30 samples.
We have zero background sample holders for measuring very small samples, as well as a number of front and backloading sample holders for powders.
Benefits of the D8 Advance X-Ray Diffractometer
The instrument is a well-equipped to collect diffraction data for a variety of different types of analyses from a range of powders or small solids samples
Technical features and specifications
None have been added


30 Mar Power and Speed
There are lots of discussions going on about why the Nextboard is so fast. How do we achieve that?
Nextboards are powered by redesigned BLDC motors that are fully optimized to power high-performance electric longboards with in-wheel motors.
Our longboards have a 4-wheel drive (4WD) system, which provides great torque for slow and uphill riding, while delivering incredible final speeds over of 100 km/h.
The motors have a diameter of only 50 mm, which allows us to develop wheels with a diameter of 85 mm and a 17.5 mm thick polyurethane rubber.
How do we achieve this? For the speeds we want to reach, the electric winding of the motors is designed so that the motors can rotate with a maximum of 9,000 revs per minute. However, since it’s important that slow cruising is precisely controlled, we are facing a major challenge: How to design the motor so that it can be precisely controlled in the range of 90 to 9000 revs per minute, while providing enough power and torque in all operating modes?
In order to achieve this, the problem was resolved in several layers:
 With innovative and optimized motor design.
Our motors use a 28-magnetic-pole rotor to provide good torque and precise engine control at lower-speeds.
 By mounting motors into all wheels.
With this we diminish stress to each motor a lot, while ensuring better driving control and greater stability at high speeds.
 Precise control of all four motors.
Our own ESC firmware has been developed specifically for the electric longboard and optimized for our motors, the size of the wheels and the specificity of riding on a fast 4WD board.


Unlike other heat caps, the GLO Heat Cap is powered by a small battery. This allows you to start your deep conditioning process with the press of a button. All you have to do is connect your battery to the cord inside of the inner pocket and zip it back up. Hold down the power button to turn it on and off. Click the power button to cycle through the heating levels (high, medium, and low). When you're done deep conditioning, remove the battery and charge it through the included adapter.


Machine learning is a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows machines to learn from data and experience without being explicitly programmed. This technology has revolutionized various fields, including healthcare, finance, and even entertainment.
In this article, we will discuss the history of machine learning, the types of machine learning, algorithms of machine learning, machine learning use cases, what is included in machine learning, and a conclusion.
History of Machine Learning
The concept of machine learning dates back to the mid-20th century when the first computers were built. However, it was not until the 1980s that machine learning became an important area of research. In 1956, Arthur Samuel, a computer scientist, developed a program that could play checkers. The program learned to play the game by analyzing thousands of games played by experts.
In the 1960s and 1970s, the first machine learning algorithms were developed. These algorithms focused on decision trees and statistical analysis. The 1980s saw the development of more advanced algorithms, such as neural networks, which were inspired by the structure and function of the human brain.
In the 1990s, machine learning became an important area of research in academia and industry. The rise of the internet and the availability of large datasets made it possible to train machine learning algorithms on massive amounts of data. This led to the development of more sophisticated algorithms, such as support vector machines and random forests.
In the 2000s, machine learning became an integral part of many applications, including search engines, image and speech recognition, and recommendation systems. Today, machine learning is used in almost every industry, from healthcare and finance to transportation and entertainment.
Types of Machine Learning
Machine learning can be broadly classified into three categories: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
Supervised learning is a type of machine learning in which the algorithm is trained on labeled data. Labeled data consists of input data and output data, where the output data is the desired output for a given input. The algorithm learns to map the input data to the output data by minimizing the error between the predicted output and the actual output.
Supervised learning algorithms can be further classified into regression and classification algorithms. Regression algorithms are used to predict continuous output variables, such as the price of a house or the temperature. Classification algorithms are used to predict discrete output variables, such as whether an email is spam or not.
Examples of supervised learning algorithms include linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, support vector machines, and neural networks.
Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning in which the algorithm is trained on unlabeled data. Unlabeled data consists of input data without any associated output data. The algorithm learns to identify patterns and relationships in the data by clustering similar data points together or reducing the dimensionality of the data.
Unsupervised learning algorithms can be further classified into clustering and dimensionality reduction algorithms. Clustering algorithms are used to group similar data points together. Dimensionality reduction algorithms are used to reduce the number of features in the data while retaining most of the information.
Examples of unsupervised learning algorithms include k-means clustering, hierarchical clustering, principal component analysis, and t-SNE.
Reinforcement learning is a type of machine learning in which the algorithm learns through trial and error. The algorithm interacts with an environment and learns to maximize a reward signal by taking actions that lead to a higher reward.
Reinforcement learning algorithms are used in applications such as game playing, robotics, and autonomous driving.
Examples of reinforcement learning algorithms include Q-learning, SARSA, and deep reinforcement learning.
Algorithms of Machine Learning
Machine learning algorithms can be broadly classified into two categories: parametric and non-parametric algorithms.
Parametric algorithms assume that the data follow a specific distribution or function. The algorithm learns the parameters of the distribution or function by minimizing the error between the predicted output and the actual output. Parametric algorithms are generally simpler and faster to train than non-parametric algorithms but may not be as flexible.
Examples of parametric algorithms include linear regression, logistic regression, and naive Bayes.
Non-parametric algorithms do not assume any specific distribution or function for the data. The algorithm learns the relationships between the input data and the output data by using a flexible model that can fit any type of data. Non-parametric algorithms are generally more flexible and accurate than parametric algorithms but may require more data and computational resources.
Examples of non-parametric algorithms include decision trees, random forests, support vector machines, and neural networks.
Machine Learning Use Cases
Machine learning is used in almost every industry, from healthcare and finance to transportation and entertainment. Here are some examples of machine learning use cases:
Machine learning is used in healthcare to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Machine learning algorithms can analyze medical images, such as CT scans and MRI scans, to detect tumors and other abnormalities. Machine learning can also be used to predict patient outcomes and identify patients who are at high risk of developing certain diseases.
Machine learning is used in finance to detect fraud, predict stock prices, and personalize investment recommendations. Machine learning algorithms can analyze financial data to identify patterns and anomalies that may indicate fraudulent activity. Machine learning can also be used to predict stock prices based on historical data and news articles.
Machine learning is used in transportation to optimize routes and reduce congestion. Machine learning algorithms can analyze traffic data in real-time to identify congestion and suggest alternative routes. Machine learning can also be used to predict demand for ride-sharing services and adjust prices accordingly.
Machine learning is used in entertainment to personalize recommendations and improve content quality. Machine learning algorithms can analyze user behavior and preferences to suggest movies, TV shows, and music that are likely to be of interest. Machine learning can also be used to improve content quality by analyzing user feedback and adjusting content accordingly.
What is Included in Machine Learning?
Machine learning includes several components, including data preparation, model training, model evaluation, and model deployment.
Data preparation involves cleaning and preprocessing the data to remove any noise or inconsistencies. Data preparation may also involve feature engineering, which is the process of selecting and transforming the input data to improve model performance.
Model training involves using a training dataset to teach the machine learning algorithm how to make predictions. The algorithm learns to map the input data to the output data by minimizing the error between the predicted output and the actual output.
Model evaluation involves testing the model on a separate dataset to evaluate its performance. The performance of the model is measured using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score.
Model deployment involves integrating the machine learning model into a production environment. The model may be deployed as a web service or as part of an application.
Machine learning is a rapidly evolving field that has revolutionized various industries. Machine learning algorithms can analyze large datasets to identify patterns and relationships that may not be apparent to humans. Machine learning is used in applications such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment. Machine learning includes several components, including data preparation, model training, model evaluation, and model deployment. As machine learning technology continues to evolve, we can expect to see even more applications of this technology in the future.


2nd International Symposium on Electrometallurgy
The 2nd International Symposium on Electrometallurgy – building on the previous Symposium in Orlando, Florida (2012), will bring
together industry, consulting engineers and researchers to discuss fundamental research, development, and/or application of innovative
aqueous or molten salt electrometallurgical processing technologies for the extraction of metals.
Topics discussed at the symposium:
- Electrorefining: Improving productivity electrolyte control and by-product recovery
- Electrowinning: Impurity effects and deposit control
- Electrowinning: Anode technology
- Molten Salt Electrometallurgy: New and future applications
- Electrometallurgy: Innovative Applications
- Electrochemical Technologies and Fundamentals for Metals, Minerals, and Materials
- Electrochemical treatment of effluents
- Process Modelling and optimization
- Emerging Technologies
This Symposium is organized by the MetSoc of CIM (The Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum) and TMS (The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society).
Short Course on Electrometallurgy
A one day short course will be offered before the Symposium on Saturday, Sept. 10 that will cover presentations on the fundamentals and practice of Electrometallurgy. The short course will be given by lecturers (visit our website for details) of international stature in their fields of expertise.
Topics could include:
Electrorefining and Electrowinning (Cu, Zn, Ni)
Electrowinning: effect of impurities and deposit control
Anode technology (lead and Ti coated anodes)
Molten Salt Electrometallurgy
Electrochemical treatment of effluents
Process Modelling and Simulation
Electrochemical technologies and fundamentals for metals
Organizer: Michael (Mike) Agnew
Dr. Brent Hiskey, Professor, University of Arizona
Dr. Mike Moats, Professor, Missouri University of Science and Technology
Dr. Andreas Siegmund, Technology Manager, Mettop USA LLC
Mr. Carl Brown, Technical Assistance Manager, De Nora Tech
Dr. George Kipouros, Professor, University of Saskatchewan
Dr Michael Free, Professor, University of Utah
Dr Farzad Mohammadi, Technology Development Manager, BioteQ Environmental Technologies
The short course attendance is limited, and a separate registration fee will be charged. Organizer of the short course is Mike Agnew.
A one‐day tour to Canadian Copper Refinery and Canadian Electrolytic Zinc is planned for COM 2016-IMPC2016. That will be either on Saturday, Sept 17, 2016. Please visit this page for updates on the tours and their locations.
The proceedings of the Symposium will be published in electronic format and will be available at the meeting. Both the Symposium and its proceedings will be in English. All papers will be
refereed and edited prior to final acceptance and publication.
Symposium Organizing Committee
G. Houlachi, Hydro-Québec, Research Institute, T 819.539.1400, email@example.com
M.L. Free, University of Utah,T 801.585.9798, firstname.lastname@example.org
M. Agnew, Consultant, T 416.294.4527, Michael.email@example.com
M.S. Moats, Missouri University of Science and Technology, T 573-341-6974, firstname.lastname@example.org
F. Mohammadi, BioteQ Environmental, Technologies, T 604.685.1243, email@example.com
E. Asselin, University of British Columbia, T 604-822-1918, firstname.lastname@example.org
C. Brown, De Nora Tech, T +1-440-487-8731, email@example.com
E. Guerra, Laurentian University, T 705-675-1151, firstname.lastname@example.org
A. Ghahremaninezhad, Queen’s University, T 613.533.3294, Ahmad.email@example.com
S. Wang, Rio Tinto Kennecott, T 801 569-6747, firstname.lastname@example.org
Photo credentials: http://www.faradelk.com/


Plug in matelo_matlab
By combining Model Based Testing and Design process, many aspects of the embedded system can be validated early in the lifecycle, long before an actual implementation is developed, and, most importantly, requirements can be validated before the system is implemented. A flexible integration environment makes it possible to reuse the test cases throughout the lifecycle.
MATELO offers the capability via the plug-in VeriStand developed by ALL4TEC to stay focused on the test development. This facility will avoid to the test engineer to have to do some time consuming tasks such as mapping between TestStand / VeriStand or MaTeLo / TestStand
The .nivsdf (system definition file) that defines the list of inputs/outputs of the Matlab Model will be reused quickly to define the items such as transitions, inputs or outputs in the Matelo Model. The mapping will be realized directly via the VeriStand Plug-in. This file is created by the VeriStand software during the encapsulation phase from each new release of the System Under Test.
The test will be executed by the Stimulus Profile Editor (a VeriStand functionality) to replace TestStand.
The Stimulus Profile Editor enables to create, modify, and execute stimulus profiles and real-time sequences. A stimulus profile is a test executive that can call real-time sequences, open and close NI VeriStand projects, and perform data-logging and pass/fail analysis. It also connects real-time sequences to system definition files to bind channel data within the system definition file to variables in the real-time sequence.
A real-time sequence is a program that deploys to a target with a system definition file and read/write channels defined in the system definition file. Real-time sequences can feature a wide domain of programming constructs, including while loops, for loops, variables, and conditional statements. Because a real-time sequence cannot execute on its own, you must connect it to a stimulus profile in order to execute it. A stimulus profile executes on the host computer, while a real-time sequence executes on the target.
Matlab Script generation
The MaTeLo software can generate test scripts by using the scripting feature in Matlab format runnable under the Matlab environment.
Test script generation for VeriStand
MaTeLo can also generate test sequences for Veristand. It is a software environment which allows to configure real time applications.
The test cases generated will be executed by the Stimulus Profile Editor provided by National Instruments.
The Stimulus Profile Editor is used to create, modify and execute stimulus (orders) in real time.
A profile of stimuli is a frame (executive) of test which can call real time orders, open and close projects and execute the recording of the data and analyze the output values (release) of the system.


Great news for those who cannot afford the very price commercial alternatives for 3D analysis of microscope images. You can download the software here And you can read the original research article published in Nature Protocols hereRead More Vaa3D: New FREE open source software for 3D image analysis !
Here is a HeLa cell in the first stages of mitosis (prophase) just as it has begun to condensing its DNA into chromosomes. At this point it looks strikingly similar to the folds of a human brain. The image has been put through a few photoshop filters to give this stunning final image.Read More Cell Brains – Image of the Week
I am pleased to announce that the latest publication for the lab is now available online at PLoS ONE [Link][PDF]. Below are some additional videos of the Chromotek HeLa cell line [link] undergoing cell division, with the Imaris Dot quantification overlaid, along with a instructional video on how to perform the dot quantification analysis using […]Read More New Paper Published : Quantitative Live Imaging of Endogenous DNA Replication in Mammalian Cells


Having smart technology at home can be a cool factor but when it comes to charging the portable switches of these gadgets then it becomes the “not-so-cool” thing as if the batteries go down
Me critical analysis of an angry goat vs a town. Respectfully, Ozzy Man Reviews
Posted by Ozzy Man Reviews on Monday, February 8, 2016
then you lose the “wireless switchablity” to your smart technology appliances but what if there’s a new technology being in construction that lets you use those devices’ switches without being tensed about charging them then according to me many of us would be benefited.
A critical analysis of the downfall of humanity. Subscribe to me on YouTube too ey! http://www.youtube.com/ozzymanreviews
Posted by Ozzy Man Reviews on Wednesday, July 27, 2016
Having smart technology at home may be a cool variable but in regards to charging the mobile switches of these gadgets then it becomes the “not-so-trendy” matter like the batteries go down then you lose the “wireless switchablity” to your smart technology appliances but imagine if there’s a new technology being in building that allows you to use those apparatus’ switches without being tightened about charging them afterward according to me many people would be gained.
Here's a one year anniversary sequel to my Mexican weather reporting analysis. Cheers! Ozzy Man Reviews.
Posted by Ozzy Man Reviews on Wednesday, July 20, 2016
Panasonic lately introduced a brand new wireless as well as battery less switch technology but won’t request you to do so. The switches that were introduced by Panasonic at the CEATEC 2016 consisted of a power generator that converts all the day-to-day movements only for example like sitting on a seat or opening a door, all those activities are converted into electricity that finally supplies the switch with the power to wirelessly turn on or off the linked apparatus.
Here is my critical analysis of "turnaround". It's business time. Cheers, Ozzy Man Reviews.
Posted by Ozzy Man Reviews on Monday, March 14, 2016
The demo video presented at the CEATEC 2016 shown up turning them away while the model was there sitting on the seat producing electricity for the wireless switch including switching on the lights, fans, computers, and the music by Panasonic.
Additionally, unlike the complex wirings that are needed to install the technology that is smart at your house on/off your apparatus can take cash as well lots of time but with the new technology offered by Panasonic to switch lots of time will cut for sure according to their claims.
At present Panasonic hasn’t declared any products that can come battery less and integrated with the radio receiver switch. Until an official statement is made the technology will stay a demo for now, but it’s extremely possible to view the way the business is transferring consumer products towards the future.


Control the security of your home with your smartphone!
The camera sends an alert to your smartphone and saves visitor activity on the memory card so you can view them later.
Protect your home and loved ones wisely! Keep track of the places that matter to you live.
Easily connect to your home or office WiFi network so you can access your videos from anywhere. Stream real-time video to your device with an intuitive app available on both iOS and Android systems.
LISTEN OR TALK THROUGH THE CAMERA
You can also listen and talk through the app with the built-in sensitive microphone of the outdoor security camera. Voice input works two-way, so you can even talk to your visitor or greet your guests. And the motion sensor alarms you to get rid of uninvited guests.
CHANGE THE CAMERA DIRECTION ON YOUR PHONE
You can rotate the camera horizontally and perpendicularly to maximize your field of vision. With 4x digital zoom, you can see distant objects in more detail, but you can also zoom out for a wider view.
Night shooting with more than just infrared LEDs
This camera is unique in that it also has 2 high-power white LEDs. It also has two advantageous properties. One is that you can set it to turn on automatically when you move, thus deterring a malicious intruder or even an animal. The other advantage is that it will not only be a black-and-white night-time infrared image of the intruder, but also a color day-quality image.
Please note that the camera head may change due to mixed delivery! (black and white)
This device will not be affected by the change !
- Material: ABS plastic
- Two-way audio input
- SD card (not included)
- High resolution
- Color: white
- 16 * 10 * 11 cm
- Motion detection


With over a decade of professional 3D asset creation + software design & development experience, driven by a lifelong
passion for pushing the limits of 3D visuals, I have built a wide range of professional 3D tools and cloud software products.
VR/XR, simulation and touch screen hardware solutions combined with the power of realtime game engine technology has
enabled me to enhance outcomes across many industrial, airport, training and large infrastructure community consultation environments.
In my spare time I like to build my own embedded systems, robotics projects and open source software tools.
What I build
Highly Performant Multithreaded Code
Advanced procedural mesh generation
Advanced multithreaded and ECS based architectures