Trailer Wiring Diagram For 4 Way, 5 Way, 6 Way and 7 Way ...
Trailer Wiring Diagrams 4 Way Systems. 4 way flat molded connectors allow basic hookup for three lighting functions; right turn signal stop light (green), left turn signal stop light (yellow), taillight license side marker (brown) and a ground (white). Trailer Wiring Diagrams | etrailer
Trailer Wiring Connectors. Various connectors are available from four to seven pins that allow for the transfer of power for the lighting as well as auxiliary functions such as an electric trailer brake controller, backup lights, or a 12V power supply for a winch or interior trailer lights. How to Wire Lights on a Trailer | Wiring Diagrams ...
Let’s see what types of connectors the trailer light wiring industry uses today. While the basic configuration is a 4 way flat connector that features one female and three male ends, you may come across connectors with up to seven pins for additional functions that require wiring, including electrically actuated brakes, power source for a winch, etc. Trailer Wiring Diagrams | etrailer ActionOutboards
Mounting Your Trailer Wiring Harness Often the 4 pole trailer connector will remain in the trunk or cargo area of a car or SUV when not in use. Wiring | etrailer
Install a 4 way trailer connector on your vehicle without cutting or splicing into your wiring. Zero contact interface sensors identify the current flowing through each wire by simply clamping onto it. Trailer Light Plug Adapter: Wiring & Lighting Connectors
Adhering to Trailer Road Rules Made Easy The best trailer wiring adaptors for cars and trucks operate the trailer lights. The wiring adaptors sync the vehicle's lights with the trailer to signal turning and brake use. How to Wire Trailer Lights | Wiring Instructions
Let’s see what types of connectors the trailer light wiring industry uses today. While the basic configuration is a 4 way flat connector that features one female and three male ends, you may come across connectors with up to seven pins for additional functions that require wiring, including electrically actuated brakes, power source for a winch, etc. Trailer Wiring and Brake Control Wiring For Towing Trailers
Brake Control Wiring. If a trailer is longer than 15 feet or weighs more than 1500 lbs., it must, by law, come equipped with a brake system. There are two types of brake systems used today. Trailer Wiring Diagram Wiring Diagrams For Trailers
4 Way trailer connectors are typically used on small trailers such as boat, snowmobile, utility and other trailers that that do not use brakes. As the name implies, they use four wires to carry out the vital lighting functions. The four wires control the turn signals, brake lights and taillights or running lights. They also provide a wire for a ground connection. 4 way trailer connectors are ... Trailer Plugs, Wiring Adapter, Trailer Wiring
Hopkins trailer plug adapter prevent the need to rewire a vehicle or trailer when the connector styles do not match. Trailer Wiring Adapters Walmart
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Subject: Re: 7 Pin Connector Wiring From: Drdonnelly My 97 Ram did not have the factory trailer package. I wired the 7 blade connector myself, and soldered all connections before taping and sealing with black RTV. U Haul: Trailer Wiring Adapters Free Shipping. Free standard shipping is available on qualifying orders $50 (USD) or more when shipped within the contiguous U.S. or on orders $99 (CAD) or more when shipped within Canada.. Exclusions. This offer is not valid for orders shipped to Alaska and Hawaii. Exact shipping costs are available when you checkout. Trailer Hitch Wiring & Electrical | Harnesses, Adapters ... So, you’ve got your trailer connected to your truck with the right hitch, ball mount and trailer ball. You’re ready to go, but what about your trailer lights?If the trailer connector doesn’t match the one on your tow vehicle, or if the vehicle doesn’t even have a plug, stick around. Trailer Wiring Tips Horse Trailer World Trailer Wiring Tips Brought to you by etrailer for all your trailer wiring needs.. Trailers are required to have at least running lights, turn signals and brake lights. To provide the power and a hook up for these, the tow vehicle's wires are tapped into. Trailer Wiring Diagrams | Offroaders The following page contains information about trailer to vehicle wiring diagrams including: 7 Wire Trailer Circuit, 6 Wire Trailer Circuit, 4 Wire Trailer Circuit and other trailer wiring diagrams. Narva | Trailer Plug Wiring Guide Trailer Plug Wiring Diagram. Our trailer wiring diagram is a colour coded guide designed to help you wire your trailer plug or socket. Or why not make your DIY installation easier with our 'Plug and Play' solutions. U Haul: Moving supplies: Wiring & Lights Free standard shipping is available on qualifying orders $50 (USD) or more when shipped within the contiguous U.S. or on orders $99 (CAD) or more when shipped within Canada.. In Store Pickup Savings! When you pick up your order instead of shipping it to your home, you may see additional savings as some products will be priced lower for in store pickup. 7 Way universal bypass relay wiring diagram | UK Trailer Parts Many modern cars have Multiplexed or Can bus wiring systems. Wiring systems such as Can bus were developed in order to be a simpler and more cost effective alternative to the traditional wiring harness. WIRING DIAGRAM TAILGATE ( TRAILER) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 wiring diagram tailgate ( trailer) sabs 1327 1981 1. left indicator yellow 1 2. auxiliary blue 3. earth white Lights Out? Here's 9 Trailer Wiring Fixes | Family Handyman Trailer Lights Not Working Solution: Troubleshoot your vehicle with a tester Check the vehicle system. Family Handyman. Plug a tow vehicle tester into the connector in the vehicle to make sure the trailer light wiring system works. Custom Wiring & T Connectors CURT custom wiring is the easiest way to equip your vehicle with a standard trailer wiring connection. Custom wiring is vehicle specific and requires no cutting or splicing. Select your vehicle to find custom trailer wiring for your unique year, make and model. 7 Way Plug Wiring Diagram Country Trailer Sales 7 Way Plug Wiring Diagram Standard Wiring* Post Purpose Wire Color TM Park Light Green ( ) Battery Feed Black RT Right Turn Brake Light Brown LT Left Turn Brake Light Red Trailer Wiring Electric Brakes Tip, By ... This short video is about trailer brakes, electric brakes and wiring. It also talks about electric brake controller. Thanks for watching ! VEHICLE SIDE Trailer Wiring Solutions, Brake Controllers ... taillights reverse lights right turn & brake ground left turn & brake taillights right turn & brake ground left turn & brake auxiliary power taillights Trailer City Current Specials: All 2016 models $100 off Trailer Plug Wiring Diagram Current Price Sheet General Towing FAQs Trailer Hitches & Towing Accessories There are five classes of Hitches for towing trailers. Each class is designed for a specific trailer weight range. The class of hitch you choose is mostly determined by your vehicle and its towing capacity. Australian Trailer Plug and Socket Pinout Wiring 7 pin ... Here’s the wiring diagrams showing the pin out for the plug and socket for the most common circle and rectangle trailer connections in use in Australia. Search Results For "Trailer" How we sell great tools at the lowest prices. We have invested millions of dollars in our own test labs and factories. So our tools will go toe to toe with the top professional brands. Car & Truck Tow Bars & Winches for sale | eBay Get the best deal for Car & Truck Tow Bars & Winches from the largest online selection at eBay . Browse our daily deals for even more savings! Free delivery and free returns on eBay Plus items! Johnson Trailer Co. Colfax WI Johnson Trailer Co. Johnson Trailer Co. is the leading utility, car hauler and equipment trailer source in the Midwest region of the United States. Established in 1987 as a family owned and operated business, it remains so to this day. Trailer Parts Superstore® Shopping Index Eastern Marine Trailer Parts Superstore sells trailer parts and accessories for all sizes of recreational & commercial trailers at discount pricing with Fast Shipping! How to Wire a Travel Trailer for Electric | It Still Runs Travel trailers customarily have three sets of wiring installed. There are the 12 volt circuits which run the mechanical and exterior lighting functions of the trailer, controlled by the trailer hitch harness and the tow vehicle. There are the interior 12 volt circuits for lighting and outlets which are powered by a ...
wiring on a trailer Gallery
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Control any IR remote capable device by wire with an Arduino
Recently I was faced with the problem of controlling three identical Personal Media Players with Arduino. Emulating the remote might have been an option but they were too close to each other, so it was hard to control them independently. A command sent for one device sometimes could be registered by the neighboring device. So here’s the hackish solution I found:
All devices with remote control has a built in IR receiver chip. They are usually dark red and have a cylindical or hemispherical window and three pins. Those pins are Ground, VCC and data. It is the data pin we are intrested in. Infrared control signals consist of high frequency pulses of light, and the length of pulses and gaps determine the data. Fortunately for us the carrier frequency is filtered inside the IR receiver chip, so there is only clear +5/0 volt pulses on the data pin. We can send the same messages as the remote commander to this pin and trick the device into thinking it is getting the pulses from the original remote.
But there is a problem. How do we know how the commands are coded? This is where LIRC comes into play. LIRC allows you to record and decode the signals sent from a remote controller. You should have some kind of infrared receiver connected to your computer, but fortunately many of the receiver designs are very easy to build. If you just need it for this project I would suggest using the sound card input method. It uses only an IR receiver chip and a 5V power source. Actually you could just wire the data and ground pins of the IR receiver on the device you wish to control, to the sound card mic input and you’ll be good to go.
Set up Lirc following the documentation on its website and test it with mode2 command. If you are getting the signal from remote and everything seems ok, now is time to record the commands from our remote commander. Once again you can consult the LIRC documentation on how to do that, but on my ubuntu system this command works:
irrecord -f -d /dev/lirc0 ~/pmp.lirc
Do not forget the -f flag. It forces irrecord to save the output in raw format. We are going to need a raw format file to convert it to arduino code. The program will instruct you to press keys and record them to the file specified (“~/pmp.lirc” in this case”). If you feel curious you can take a peek at the file for a text editor. You’ll see many numbers after “name [key_name]” statements. Those numbers represent times in microseconds. For example:
9182 432 688
means first the remote send a 9182 µS pulse, followed by a 432 µS gap and another 688 µS pulse. Now we need to translate these numbers into an integer array in arduino’s memory. Since our ram is very small (512 bytes for Atmega168) we will be using the program memory to store these arrays. I wrote a little php script to convert the lirc data file to an arduino header file you can use right away. You can use the script online here, or download the script to use it locally here.
Once we convert the data files it now comes to this: Connect any digital pin on the arduino to IR receiver data pin. Download the arduino example code from here. Write it on the Arduino’s memory and fire away.
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(Born on 3rd July 1980 in Kanchipuram, Tamilnadu, India), is a former teaching faculty
of engineering Institution (s).
R. Sathishkumar is an alumnus of C. Abdul Hakeem College,
one of the oldest colleges in Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India.
He obtained his Bachelor of Science (B.E.S) degree in Electronic Science from University of Madras in 2000 and later
obtained his Master of Science (M.Sc) degree in Applied Electronics from the Bharathiyar University in 2002, and
thereafter his Master of Technology (M.Tech) degree in Sensor Systems from the Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Tamilnadu in 2004.
He obtained Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree in Electrical Engineering from
Academy of Maritime Education and Training (AMET), India in 2014.
He underwent training at National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa, India during August 2003.
He did a project at National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Chennai, India for his Master thesis from September 2003 to May 2004.
He had visited to Acoustic Research Lab (ARL) of National University of Singapore (NUS) during April 2014 to
learn Autonomous Underwater Vehicle developed by ARL.
After completion of PhD, due to his passion to Build a Community, Share Knowledge and
Create Change, on 20 January 2015, at the capacity of Author/Managing Trustee, he established
the Venus International Foundation (VIF).
Since the inception, R. Sathishkumar is serving as a Managing Trustee and Chairman of the VIF.
Official Email Address
Alternate Email Address


Frank Rodesney Scholarship for Electrical Engineering at OU
- Eligible applicants may apply as sophomores and/or juniors for awards in their junior and senior years.
- Applicants must demonstrate plans to pursue a degree/career in electrical engineering.
- Unweighted cumulative GPA greater than or equal to 3.0.
- Financial need will be considered.
The Frank Rodesney Scholarship in Electrical Engineering at OU is renewable for one additional, consecutive year; an unweighted GPA greater than or equal to 3.0 is required to be considered for renewal. The award may be used for tuition, fees, and books.
The Frank Rodesney Scholarship in Electrical Engineering at OU encourages students who are accepted into an electrical engineering program at the University of Oklahoma to pursue their education and develop a career in electrical engineering.


|Intel NUC Kit DN2820FYKH BIOS Driver Download (0025)|
About this publication:
- TXE firmware: 220.127.116.110
- Framework BIOS Reference code: based on 1.3.2
- Built-in Graphics option Rom: build 1007 pc 14.34; GOP driver: 7.1.1005
- LAN option ROM: Version 2.57 PXE 2.1 build 083; UEFI Driver: 2.0.23
- Visual BIOS: 2.2.2
- Fixed issue that prevented booting and installing some operating systems such as SteamOS.
- VBIOS has been updated to version 1007_20140128 to eliminate the loss of HDMI audio.
- Fixed issue in which the installation of the Windows 7 x64 EFI operating system fails.
- The [USB 3.0 (XHCI mode)] option has been removed from the BIOS setup and enabled by default.
- Fixed a problem where USB legacy SMI support is not available.
- Fixed a problem where the password length of the hard disk drive did not match the specification.
- Fixed a problem where USB 3.0 ports did not work.
- Fixed a problem where items in the boot menu were grayed out.
- Fixed an issue where the system was automatically activated.
- Event log for CPU thermal trip added.
- Fixed a problem where the graphics item does not appear in the Intel Integrator Toolkit.
- The maximum number of USB mass devices has been changed from 6 to 16.
To start downloading the Intel NUC Kit DN2820FYKH BIOS update 0025, please select one of the links at the bottom of the list.
- Intel NUC Kit DN2820FYKH updating the BIOS 0025: FYBYT10H. 86a. 0025. EB. exe - Download
If you found any errors during the download, send an email to email@example.com. We will endeavour to resolve them as soon as possible. For other problems, please contact the official support of the publisher.


Networked Robotics provides network hardware, electronics, and software for remotely monitoring scientific freezers, incubators, and cryofreezers.
Data is collected in two ways: by direct communication to the data ports of high-end scientific instrumentation, or via our proprietary digital sensors.
The system supports regulated data collection for FDA, CLIA, HACCP, and other standards.
Type: Private company
Company Size: 10 - 49 employees
Industry: Scientific Freezer, Incubator, Cryofreezer Monitoring
825 Chicago Avenue Suite F
Evanston, Il 60202


Open-Source Virtual Private Network (OpenVPN) is a free software application which secures connections by establishing virtual private networks in remote access facilities. It uses SSL/TLS (Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security) to ensure end-to-end encryption. It provides a medium of authentication between two identities by providing pre-shared keys, authentic certificates, and login details. OpenVPN clients adhere to an open-source protocol which is audited several times to provide safe and secure network access.
What about Android?
- Open-Source: Open-source software offers the highest security level network with a reliable interface. It has gained a wide amount of support through the years for its assured service.
- IPv6 routing: An IPv6 routed device ensures that the device can generate a globally routed address giving it wider access to the internet.
- WebRTC Leak Protection: It provides real-time communication which provides secure network, better sound quality, and open-source support.
- DNS Leak Protection: Domain Name System Leak Protection is a prime use of any VPN software blocking the leak of data like IP to potential threats.
- Kill Switch: It may be used an OpenVPN Killswitch by changing ‘Connection Retries’ to unlimited.


Cocatre-Zilgien J.H. & Delcomyn F. (1990). A slope-based approach to
spike discrimination in digitized data. J. Neurosci. Meth.
Abstract. A spike discrimination algorithm based on the analysis of spike up-
and down-slopes can advantageously replace those based only on amplitude with a
minimal increase of programming complexity and processing time. Such an
algorithm was developed to sort muscle depolarizations from nerve spikes in
electromyograms in insects. It could also be used to sort spikes according to
their direction of travel in bipolar recordings from mixed nerves.
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This Reventon RC car app is for Reventon ESC Series of Speed Passion. This app must be connected with Speed Passion Bluetooth Unit (module). It provides a wireless function.
Compatible with Android Phone / Tablet with Android 2.3.x, 4.0.x, 4.1, 4.2
Please download the latest firmware through online update function.
** For online update function: Please make sure your Android device is connected to network and access the internet. **
Please refer to "Reventon Stock1 firmware instructions" before setup Reventon ESC.
The instructions can download from download section of
As long as the app successfully connects with Reventon ESC, it can read the setting and status (temperature, voltage...) of Reventon ESC, and then it can modify/change the setting of Reventon ESC.
Reventon is a free software application from the Other subcategory, part of the Games & Entertainment category.
The app is currently available in English and it was last updated on 2013-05-29. The program can be installed on Android 2.2 and up.
Reventon (version 1.1.3) has a file size of 7.55 MB and is available for download from our website.
Just click the green Download button above to start. Until now the program was downloaded 1007 times.
We already checked that the download link to be safe, however for your own protection we recommend that you scan the downloaded software with your antivirus.


The Sentry®Safe HL100ES electronic card access safe provides the ultimate flexibility with a reprogrammable electronic lock with the option of a key pad or card swipe entry.
An interior LED light makes searching for important valuables and documents easier. It's ideal for hotel and tenant environments. With the safe's solid steel construction, pry-resistant door and 2 live-locking bolts your belongings will be secure!
- May be bolted to floor (hardware included)
- Users are able to choose between a reprogrammable electronic lock with keypad or card swipe reader for securing their important documents and valuables
- Master override key allows for backup access in the case of a forgotten code or lost/stolen magnetic stripped card
- Auxiliary Remote Battery Pack provides back-up access in case the installed batteries are not strong enough to operate the card swipe reader or reprogrammable electronic lock
- Solid steel, pry-resistant door and body protect against unauthorized access
- 2 live-locking bolts for more security
- Bolt-down hardware included as an additional bonus
- Fits up to a 17 inch laptop computer
- Carpeted interior
- Interior LED light provides quick and convenient access to important documents and valuables
- Product code: 4320


When starting vaping, most of the people do not care about what kind of vaporizer or e-cig they’re using. In fact, after long using time, they can realize the difference between the best products with other such as the mood, smoke or even in batteries. While most of the people choose the vape with good looking, other think the quality is the first concern that we should focus. When choosing a quality vape, we not only focus on its price, looking but also its batteries. A good battery will last for a long time. The question is What is the best vape battery. We would like to introduce to you cheap 18650 batteries – one of the best batteries for your vape.
Why are 18650 Batteries?
The 18650 is an ideal selection for your vapes, so what is the reason? First, the cells are small and powerful. You don’t need to buy new batteries or external chargers. You do need to worry about any safety problems with built-in batteries, just enjoy your vape as soon as you buy your vaping gear.
In fact, the built-in batteries also provide several advantages. First, when they deteriorate, you just throw away the whole part. Besides, 18650 Batteries also help you control your mod and battery quality. When you load high-quality batteries, you can feel you are in the nine cloud. You can consider between high amperage or high mAh and replace the batteries when they reach the end of life.
1. Amperage and mAh.
The amperage can translate to power. The higher the current, the higher the wattage output that we can have. mAh is Milliamp Hours or also known as the overall life of a battery. Mah and amperage can show you how long battery will last.
In theory, a 2000 mAh will come will 2000 milliamp for one hour or 1000 milliamps for two hours. However, in practice, the batteries are not 100% efficient. Therefore, if you want to get a high mAh and high amperage battery, the batteries are the good choice for you. However, they also have some limitations. First, because of the tradeoff between high current and capacity, if you want to get hight power battery, you will need to compromise on capabilities and vice verse. There are three types of vaping batteries: high capacity with low power, high power with low capacity and there some which are in between.
High voltage, low temperature
If you want to wattage, your battery must offer higher voltage, and you can use two 18650 batteries for some modern mods to get this target. For regulated tools, the batteries don’t need to work every hard but for mechanical. For unregulated mods, the voltage you want high voltage to get those “ hard hít”.voltage means the coil is hotter which make more vapor with bigger clouds and flavor.
However, let consider about the heat of batteries because if we keep high temperatures for a long time, they can get hot enough to vent or burst.
Types of batteries
1. Class One – 3500 mAh: The highest capacity of the Class One is about 350mAh, but they have the lowest discharge.e. 10 amp or less. This ideal battery has the wattage of 30 W and can support the resistance of 0.5 ohm and above.
2. Class Two- 3000 mAh: With a 300 MAH capacity and a slightly higher, 15 amp, discharge, they can be considered as a good candidate for 30-60W mods.
3. Class Three – 2500 mAh: the capacity is about 2500mAh, and the discharge comes wit 20 amps. They are suitable for medium wattage.i.e. 60 to 80 watt.
4. Class Four- 2000mAh: the type has a capacity of 2000mAh and is suitable for wattage between 80 to 120 W. Besides, they can support low resistance such as 0.12 ohm.
Hope with this article; you have more knowledge this modern and useful product in the life. sIn conclusion, these are some basic information of the 18650 lithium-charged battery.


Asus X201E Review
|Asus X201E Review|
ASUS X201E Review - is the entry class notebook with Intel ULV Celeron 847 processor clocked at 1.1 GHz. Additionally Asus x201e Review notebook is available with Intel ULV Pentium and Intel Core i3. Size 11.6-inch LCD with a maximum resolution of 1366 x 768. Even so, ASUS X201E equipped touchpad and chiclet keyboard to make your stay comfortable when using it in a long time.
Benchmark results between "ASUS X201E" Vs SONY VAIO
|Benchmark Asus X201E Vs SONY VAIO|
For storage media, hard disk capacity of 320 GB/500 GB ASUS X201E. Hard disk comes with an included Microsoft's latest OS, namely Windows 8. With the presence of Windows 8 in the sales package, you can use it directly without having to install the OS first. Although small, this notebook presents a fairly complete interface for multimedia purposes. Ranging from two USB 2.0, HDMI, RJ-45, one combo jack fruit, audio-out/mic-in, card reader, and do not miss a single USB 3.0 port.
Asus x201e dimensions and weight, which is 1.29 kg. For professionals, this notebook is less suitable for use only on Asus X201 E graphics Intel HD graphics. Because it does not use discrete graphics, 3D image processing course was less than optimal.
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This page contains affiliate links. This means that we may get a small commission for recommending products, if you choose to click on something and buy it. This does not cost you anything, but we wanted to be honest and let you know!(Last Updated On: May 26, 2022)
Looking for home automation ideas on a budget? You’re in the right place.
The recent years saw the rise of smart home devices you can use to make life more comfortable at home. These devices are deemed useful as most homes, especially in the US, have at least one of these at home and are being utilized in the household.
When you think about it, converting your home into a smart home is ideal. It gives you the ability to control the things around your house — from speakers, clocks, lights, surveillance cameras, doorbells, windows, and a lot more — with just a click on your phones or computer. You can even control them with just your voice.
This is essentially useful to those working from home or who are on the go and don’t have the luxury of time to do everything manually. Do you want to close the door? No need to go there directly. You need to access the smart lock connected to your smart device. It is that easy.
But are smart home devices use to automate your home cheaply? Not all but thanks to the demand, you can have access to affordable devices and have total control over home automation without breaking the bank. Check some cool home automation ideas on a budget below.
Smart lights are widely available, and they come at low prices. They are also easy to install and maintain. With smart lights, the idea is that you can turn on and turn off or control the lights on your home with single app control. Here are some recommended smart light products you can use at home.
If you are starting to automate the lights in your home, Philip’s Hue is a great product to choose from. It is Bluetooth compatible and can be connected to Alexa or Google Home. You can control up to 10 lights with just the app, and you can set the on and off function and the dimer function to help you.
The Ring offers an affordable automation system for your home. You can connect the Ring A19 smart LED Bulb to your Ring Bridge to control it via the app or voice command through smart assistants. With the Ring system, you can connect the lights with the Ring doorbells and cameras for a fully connected smart home security system. A Ring Bridge can support up to 50 Ring Smart Lighting devices, including motion sensors.
Aside from smart locks, there are also many good quality smart home cameras being offered in the market today. They were designed to help you develop good security home automation. These cameras are equipped with smart sensors or presence detection to update you. Below are just some of the recommended security automation systems for a home for beginners.
This starter pack is affordable and very easy to install, perfect for beginners. It lets you monitor your home via the ATD app. It contains door and window sensors and motion sensors.
This brand offers complete security at an affordable rate. You can choose from 5 up to 12 pieces of security devices for your home. This includes the security base station keypad, motion sensor, entry sensor, camera, key fob, and panic button.
Smart home assistants like Google Nest, Google Home, or Amazon’s Echo sure do know how to give aid when needed. These home assistants are smart speakers that work through voice-recognition. Here, you can ask things you need just like searching on your computer. These devices can also be connected with other smart devices and help you in your home automation system, such as turning the lights on or off.
This smart assistant device is excellent for doing research. If you are working from home or studying, this might be your perfect companion. It also allows you to make a voice-activated call and other activities you can do on your phone with just your voice. It can be connected to various devices as well.
This device is excellent if you are a heavy Amazon user or subscribe to Amazon services such as Prime, Videos, and Music. Also, the Echo offers great compatibility with other smart home devices as well. The Echo remains the first and the leader in the smart assistant market, and it generally has more sales. It is also available in more regions than Google Home. It can very well do research, answer questions, stream music, and a lot more.
Smart cleaning devices.
If you don’t have the time to tidy up your home because you are swamped with work to do, there are many smart cleaning gadgets to help you with chores. These devices can help you save time, too, when you have a lot to take care of.
Smart robot vacuum – iRobot Roomba i3+
Robot vacuums navigate on their own, and you don’t have to literary touch it to do its job. You need to set and control it via the app available. Imagine all the time you will save with this device.
Air purifier – Coway Airmega 400
Air purifiers are proven to be beneficial at home, especially during flu season. It helps clean the air indoors and aids in getting rid of dust and nasty smell around the house. There are smart air purifiers available where you can control via their app.
If you are looking to develop your home automation system but are working on a budget, know that you can always find something that will suit your budget with the many smart devices available in the market. Many beginner’s packs work equally well with unique home automation brands like Elan, Creston, or Savant. You can also install these devices yourself and do everything on the various apps that come along with it. Yes, your dream of having total control home automation is still possible on a budget.
The Noble Urban represents more than just a person. It represents a lifestyle. A way of living. A noble life lived in an urban setting.


Béton3 is an open-source macro pad design based around the QMK-compatible Pro Micro platform, MX-mount keyswitches and a commonly available, clickable rotary encoder design.
The defining feature of Béton3 is the cast concrete rotary encoder knob, created using a 3D printed mold that results in a distinct, weighty knob with luxurious inertia and precise steps, much like a premium stereo system. Using the Béton3 stock firmware, the smooth rotary encoder performs three volume control functions: volume up, volume down, and mute/unmute.
Below the rotary encoder, the 0.91” OLED screen is a bright, programmable canvas for information, text or animations. Using the Béton3 stock firmware, fluid animations quickly respond to button and knob inputs with icons representing media control and volume control actions.
Finally, three Cherry MX-compatible switches provide a basis for programmable macros, supporting large, 1.25u and 1.5u keycaps for easy muscle memory access. Using the Béton3 stock firmware, three switches perform five media control functions: play/pause, forward, back, fast-forward, and rewind.
Link to YouTube - Béton3 interface demo
CAD part files, source code, and build instructions are hosted on my GitHub, linked on the first picture at the top of this page.


LiPo batteries are the best in terms of performance, but they need to be treated with respect. If they are not charged, stored, and used correctly, they will not only quickly become unusable, but they can become explosively flammable.
Before Charging LiPo Batteries
- read the lipo battery manual and charging instructions
- Always check the voltage of batteries before each charge session in order to ensure they are at or above the minimum safe starting voltage. If their starting voltage is below recommended levels then your batteries have been over-discharged or have experienced a failure and should NOT be charged.
- Always check the battery before charging for any type of damage. Check the battery packaging, wires and connectors for defects, which may cause a short circuit and eventual battery failure.
Charging LiPo batteries
- Only use a charger designed for a lithium polymer or lithium-ion battery. Many chargers have multiple modes for different types of batteries. Check out our chargers here.
- You should charge lipos away from any flammable martials.
- Never charge batteries inside of your model
- Never charge batteries below freezing (0°C, 32°F)
- Never charge Batteries that are hot to the touch (above 100° F).
- The charger should never be set to charge batteries at a rate greater than 1C (one times the capacity of the battery in amp hours)
- Never overcharge batteries over their rated maximal voltage (4.2V/cell for a LiPo).
- Using a LiPo pouch to charge will prevent fire expanding if there is a fire
- Charge away from your living area. i.e. do it in an out building
- NEVER charge in the house over night near flammable objects.
How to discharging LiPo batteries
- Never discharge batteries at amperage rates higher than specified on the label
- Never allow the temperature of batteries to exceed 140° F during discharge.
- Never discharge battery to a level below 3V per cell under load. For most drone batteries, the recommended cut off voltage is 3.5V per cell.
- Batteries can still accidentally leak for about an hour after discharge, and that reaction with air may cause the chemicals to ignite. Keep batteries in a safe area away from any combustible materials and observe them for an hour after discharge.
How to store LiPo batteries
- Never store loose batteries together. The batteries’ terminals may contact one another, causing a short circuit.
- Never store batteries in extreme temperatures or direct sunlight. The battery should be stored within -10℃~45℃ range environmental condition. If the battery has to be stored for a long time (more than 3 months), the environmental condition should be:
- Temperature: 23±5℃ Humidity: 65±20%RH
- The voltage should be 3.6V~3.9V range per cell.
- Always disconnect Batteries when not in use and store batteries in a non-conductive and fireproof container.
- Never alter, puncture or impact Batteries or related components.
Spotting a broken liPo battery
- The RC servo for steering will work, but the speed controller will not function. This is because the ESC will
- LiPo batteries that are beyond repair will typically show no voltage from one cell or more. The Spotting a broken liPo battery chargers we sell are able to act as a battery meter and will allow you to check each cell.
- Broken batteries will typically be “puffed up” in that they are larger than they were originally
- Any battery with these symptoms should be separated from other batteries and disposed of as soon as possible.
General LiPo battery Safety
- Keep your batteries away from your living area when unsupervised or charging
- Never strike a battery with any sharp edges
- Never open or deform the folding edge of a cell
- Never drop, hit or bend batteries
- Never disassemble the cells. The disassembling may generate an internal short circuit in the cell, which may cause gassing, firing, or other problems
- Never incinerate nor dispose of batteries in fire. These may cause firing of the cells, which is very dangerous. Additionally, never be soak batteries with liquids such as water, and especially not soft drinks, juices or coffee (never thought I would have to add that one as a tip!).


Research & Development
Capula is able to provide support for innovative research projects. One such project is the ITER Project, which is one of the most ambitious energy projects in the world today. Capula is combining its control system expertise with its knowledge of the traditional nuclear industry to address the needs of the mission.
In southern France, 35 nations are collaborating to build the world’s largest magnetic fusion device that has been designed to prove the feasibility of fusion as a large-scale and carbon-free source of energy.
Capula is working as a member of the AMCE Foster Wheeler led ERHA alliance to develop and deliver the Neutral Beam Cell Remote Handling System.
This Remote Handling system in the Neutral Beam Cell is crucial to the success of ITER. Neutral Beam injectors are used to heat up the plasma inside the reactor until it is hot enough for fusion to take place. For this package of work Capula will design and supply the control system.
The system will allow the repair and maintenance of these complex internal systems during outages.


My interest in computer technology began when I started to troubleshoot my Pentium III computer, which was built by a leading computer company. As the company outsourced their tech support to India, I found that there was a significant communication barrier; the level of technical competence had also declined sharply. As my experiences with tech support often left computer problems unsolved or worse than before the call, I began to tackle computer problems on my own. Eventually, the performance of my computer started to falter as it was being outpaced by the latest hardware and software developments. It was time for a new computer, and my past experiences with a manufactured PC left me determined to build my own. After conducting research on building computers, I decided to assemble my own PC. Pictured below is the computer that I built at various assembly stages. The computer was built with an MSI RS480M2-IL (ATI chipset) motherboard, AMD Athlon 64 3000+ processor, 1 gigabyte of Corsair Value Select RAM (2 x 512 MB), 420 watt Enermax Noisetaker power supply, Rosewill DVD/CD burner, 80 gigabyte Western Digital SATA hard drive, and Mitsumi digital card reader/floppy drive. Pictured from left to right, top to bottom: (1) Computer Case with power supply, hard drive, DVD/CD burner, and card reader/floppy drive (2) close-up of motherboard in case with RAM installed (3) motherboard in case with other components (4) motherboard with wiring attached (5) front of case with DVD/CD burner and card reader/floppy drive (6) front of case with cover closed.
After eight months had passed, I began to encounter difficulties with the motherboard pictured in the above section (Computer Build at Various Stages). The speed of my computer had bogged down considerably, and after a great deal of troubleshooting, it was apparent that the motherboard needed to be replaced. The photos below show the stages involved in replacing the motherboard. I replaced the motherboard with an MSI K8NGM2-FID and a new heatsink that offered better processor cooling, the Thermalright XP-90. Pictured from left to right, top to bottom: (1) New motherboard with the processor transferred from defective motherboard (2) Ceramique (thermal interface material) that rests between the processor and the heatsink (3) new heatsink prior to installation on new motherboard (4) the new heatsink installed on the new motherboard (5) computer case minus motherboard (6) new motherboard installed in the case.
While the onboard graphics chip supplied with the MSI K8NGM2-FID was an adequate video solution, I desired a more robust graphics card that would allow video to be played at high frame rates and optimal resolution. The photos below show various views of the new EVGA e-GeForce 6800 NVIDIA graphics card installed in the MSI K8NGM2-FID motherboard. As a result of the new video card installation, video performance has improved dramatically.


ENJOY YOUR ONGOING LOVE AFFAIR WITH YOURSELF!
Pretty Love Remote Control Beaded Plug – 4 Function – Black
Pretty Love Remote Control Beaded Plug is beaded for extra pleasure and has a suction base. The plug has 4 function vibrations with 4 function rotations and is made of Silicone, ABS. USB rechargeable, remote control requires 1 AAA battery for function. On/Off button with 3 second holding time.
- suction base cup
- USB rechargeable
- 4 function vibrations
- 4 function rotations
- made of medical grade Silicone
- wireless remote control
- works without remote as well
- 1 AAA battery required for the remote
- Phthalate free
- 5.3 inches length, 1.37 inches widest point
- best used with anal water-based lubes


The OpenRDMA project is an opensource implementation of Remote Direct Memory Access(RDMA) service enablement layers in Linux operating System by exploiting the RDMA capabilities of next generation interconnects such as RDMA offloaded NICs (a.k.a RNICs), Infiniband.
The primary goal of this project is to provide the user and kernel applications with standards based interfaces by offering a stable, performant and scalable RDMA solution. For more details on the goals of this project, please take a look at goals document.
Contact Us: If you have any questions regarding the project, please drop us a note at the rdma-developers mailing list.
Note: This homepage is currently in progress. More details are coming soon.


Welcome to Eco Wireless CCTV
Welcome to Eco Wireless CCTV. At Eco Wireless CCTV we produce simple and highly effective systems that provide high quality video in HD (SD available as well). With the use of our optional solar panels or small wind turbines for power they are environmentally friendly, allowing installations in non-traditional areas that do not have electrical infrastructure. This allows us to cover a large area, and provide rapid and simple installation, thus eliminating the need for great lengths of expensive video cables. We eliminate the high cost of running those cables through conduits, or trenching to bury the cables in ground in outdoor applications, which is particularly useful in existing urban areas that would require cabling through walls and floors, or tearing up existing pavement to bury video cables.
Our systems use proprietary long range RF equipment, and therefore have much longer range than standard Wi-Fi, at much lower data rates. They are available on custom frequencies, and with the ability to create a MESH network for multiple cameras operating in range of each other they can act as repeaters for each other, extending the system range further.
Our proprietary NVRs provide massive storage capacity, with the option for redundant hot swappable hard drives, and cloud back up. They provide huge storage, premium functions, and a low cost, providing outstanding value relative to our competition. Download our brochure
Contact us today to discuss your specific application.


10 May Nordic Tankers and partners test new emissions monitoring technology
Nordic Tankers, Dania Ship Management, and Danfoss IXA have tested a new sensor technology designed to monitor emissions.
As part of the test, the technology has been installed on the Nordic Mari chemical tanker, which is owned by Nordic Tankers and managed by Dania Ship Management.
Results from the test showed that the technology has helped the vessel to consume less fuel and allowed Dania Ship Management to monitor the engines’ performance.
Developed by Danfoss IXA, the sensor is capable of measuring the emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx), and ammonia (NH3).
The technology is also designed to provide data to both ship owners and authorities using a cloud-based solution.


By Thomas Knight, John Savage
The layout of hugely built-in or large-scale structures comprises a suite of interrelated disciplines, together with circuits and units, layout automation, VLSI structure, software program platforms, and thought. profitable study in any of those disciplines more and more depends upon an knowing of the opposite components. This convention the 14th in a chain that has been held at Caltech, MIT, UNC Chapel Hill, Stanford, and UC Santa Cruz, seeks to inspire interplay between researchers in all disciplines; that relate to hugely built-in platforms. Thomas Knight is affiliate Professor within the division of electric Engineering and laptop technology on the Massachusetts Institute of expertise. John Savage is Professor within the division of computing device technology at Brown collage. Topics lined: Circuits and units. Innovative electric circuits, optical computing, automatic semiconductor production, wafer-scale platforms. layout Automation. Synthesis and silicon compilation, format and routing, research and simulation, novel layout tools, architectural layout help, layout for attempt. VLSI structure. hugely parallel architectures, specialpurpose VLSI chips and platforms, novel small-scale platforms, 1/0 and secondary garage, packaging, and fault tolerance. software program platforms. Architecturedriven programming types, parallel languages, compiling for concurrency, working structures, synchronization. 'Theory. Parallel algorithms, VLSI thought, structure and wireability research, 1/0 complexity, interconnection networks, reliability.
Read or Download Advanced Research in VLSI and Parallel Systems: Proceedings of the 1992 Brown / MIT Conference PDF
Similar microprocessors & system design books
Fresh years have visible the advance of robust instruments for verifying and software program structures, as businesses around the world have an understanding of the necessity for enhanced technique of validating their items. there's expanding call for for education in uncomplicated equipment in formal reasoning in order that scholars can achieve talent in logic-based verification equipment.
This ebook is designed for a primary direction in microprocessors or it can be used as a reference for practising engineers. The ebook is exclusive in proposing a balanced, built-in subject assurance of meeting language programming, microcontroller programming through the c programming language, and interfacing. Programming subject matters are mentioned utilizing either meeting language and C, whereas interfacing examples use C to maintain code complexity low and increase readability.
Regardless of the starting to be mainstream value and detailed merits of autonomic networking-on-chip (ANoC) know-how, Autonomic Networking-On-Chip: Bio-Inspired Specification, improvement, and Verification is likely one of the first books to guage learn effects on formalizing this rising NoC paradigm, which used to be encouraged by way of the human fearful method.
PIC32 Microcontrollers and the Digilent chipKIT: Introductory to complex tasks will train you concerning the structure of 32-bit processors and the info of the chipKIT improvement forums, with a spotlight at the chipKIT MX3 microcontroller improvement board. as soon as the fundamentals are lined, the publication then strikes directly to describe the MPLAB and MPIDE applications utilizing the c program languageperiod for software improvement.
Extra resources for Advanced Research in VLSI and Parallel Systems: Proceedings of the 1992 Brown / MIT Conference
The corresponding curve for the underlying process is called the probability mass function (pmf). A histogram is always calculated using a finite number of samples, while the pmf is what would be obtained with an infinite number of samples. The pmf can be estimated (inferred) from the histogram, or it may be deduced by some mathematical technique, such as in the coin flipping example. Figure 2-5 shows an example pmf, and one of the possible histograms that could be associated with it. The key to understanding these concepts rests in the units of the vertical axis.
16. This error can be nearly eliminated by breaking the signal into short sections, and calculating the statistics for each section individually. If needed, the standard deviations for each of the sections can be averaged to produce a single value. The Histogram, Pmf and Pdf Suppose we attach an 8 bit analog-to-digital converter to a computer, and acquire 256,000 samples of some signal. As an example, Fig. 2-4a shows 128 samples that might be a part of this data set. The value of each sample will be one of 256 possibilities, 0 through 255.
For instance, a sampling rate of 2,000 samples/second requires the analog signal to be composed of frequencies below 1000 cycles/second. If frequencies above this limit are present in the signal, they will be aliased to frequencies between 0 and 1000 cycles/second, combining with whatever information that was legitimately there. Chapter 3- ADC and DAC 3 3 a. , DC) b. 09 of sampling rate 2 2 1 1 0 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 Time (or sample number) 3 -3 Time (or sample number) 3 c. 31 of sampling rate d. 95 of sampling rate 2 2 1 1 0 0 -1 -1 -2 -2 -3 41 Time (or sample number) -3 Time (or sample number) FIGURE 3-3 Illustration of proper and improper sampling.


Ongoing information digitisation is creating increasing quantities of data and demands in terms of data administration are rising fast. Big data addresses the issue of how to process these enormous amounts of data. The intelligent analysis and processing of such volumes of information requires solutions which go beyond conventional technologies. Here we apply business intelligence systems which are able to capture and display information at high speed, incorporating diverse formats in their analysis (text, photos, videos etc.).
Our high-performance business intelligence concepts not only give companies swift access to important information, they also provide the analytical functions with which to evaluate the data. As an expert in the field of business intelligence we develop and operate well-conceived BI solutions such as mgm Hadoop for the high-capacity processing of bulk data – tailored precisely to the needs of our customers.


A great emergency prep to keep in your bags and kits!
When access to important weather details, news updates and lighting is crucial, the 12 Survivors Emergency Hand-Crank Radio/Flashlight can be a vital tool. This reliable device features a high-output flashlight with a low and high setting for bright illumination in dark environments, and a loud FM radio for access to essential information. Equipped with a sturdy hand-crank dynamo and an output cable for fully charging the device in a timely manner, this lightweight, battery-free instrument acts as a low-maintenance platform for several emergency needs. The 12 Survivors Emergency Hand-Crank Radio/Flashlight is the ideal companion for any survival situation.
- No Batteries Needed!
- Quick wind up time to charge unit
- Non-slip grip
- Clear and loud FM radio
- Up to 7 LED lights on flashlight
Included in the kit:
- Input USB Charge
- Instruction Manual
|Output voltage||Per minute rate is 120rpm; max voltage is 6V when accelerated|
|Max output power||1.2W|
|LED Lifespan||>1000000 hours|
|Hand crank dynamo||Full charge >1 hour|
|Radio||At full charge, radio 1.5 hrs|
|LED lights||At full charge, 7 LED lights at 1.5 hrs|
|Hand crank dynamo||Dyanmo 1 minute (120 rpm/min), 5 LED over 10 min, radio 5-6 min|
|FM frequency range||88-108 MHZ|
|FM Radio||Max power is .2W, sensitivity 18-23uV|


I’ve been interested in operating systems development for a while, and last year worked on a small hobby kernel in C++, using the excellent resources from http://wiki.osdev.org. Recently, I decided to start on a new hobby kernel using the Rust programming language.
Recently, I’ve been working on an Aurelia-based webapp for work. I have a basic layout with a bootstrap navbar and different pages linked in the navbar using an Aurelia router. One of the things I wanted to do was have route-specific actions exposed as buttons in the navbar.


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It is this type of organizations that has taken the lead in delivering online education, in spite of its questionable academic rigor and accreditation.


Call for thematic session proposals opens
Call for science talk proposals opens
Call for thematic session and science talk proposals closes
Allocation of thematic sessions and science talks announced
Call for exhibitions opens
Call for exhibitions closes
Annoucement of exhibitors
SFSA Science Diplomacy Award nominations opens
SFSA Science Diplomacy Award nominations close
Set-up of exhibition
Science Forum SA 2017 and Exhibition
SFSA Science Diplomacy and Exhibition Awards
Science Forum South Africa is an initiative by the South African Department of Science and Technology.
We are aiming for our event to be more sustainable and eco-friendly. Our ultimate aim is to run a low-carbon Forum.
Connect with us #SFSA2016
Tel : +27 (0)12 843 6328


Scientists believe that the incident with air traffic control at Tan Son Nhat Airport on June 16 was caused by interference of unfamiliar waves.
According to the Civil Aviation Authority of Vietnam (CAAV), the air traffic control was affected by strange wave at the airport at that moment. As a result, some aircrafts had to fly standby or landed in other airports.
According to Dr. Nguyen Bach Phuc, head of the Electric, Electronics and Informatics Institute, radio frequency range is allocated in a scientific way so that the frequency bands do not override each other. The gap between the two frequency bands for two different applications is large enough to avoid overlapping.
Phuc said that one frequency band overridden by strange wave were due to something either accidental or intentional.
He said a serious accident could have happened from electrical and energetic appliances, or transmitters of other apps under operation in the same area.
An incident could have also occurred with the transmitters of the air traffic unit.
However, Phuc said the wave reportedly existed for 18 minutes only. The air traffic control incident could not cause problems for only 18 minutes.
If the strange wave appeared as intentionally planned, it would be discovered by the security force and Radio Frequency Management Agency, according to Phuc.
“They are capable of discovering where the strange wave was from because they have state-of-the-art equipment,” he said.
CAAV’s head Lai Xuan Thanh on June 17 told the press that the wave interference had occurred in the past in some other areas in Vietnam in 2012 and 2013. However, he said this was the first time the interference occurred at an airport.
An official of the Air Traffic Management Corporation Vietnam said the corporation has asked the Radio Frequency Management Agency to conduct an investigation to find the wave.
“Initial findings show this is a relatively strong wave which overrode the management frequencies of the air traffic control unit,” he said.
According to Thanh, when the incident occurred, the air traffic control unit had to shift to use standby frequency or the air traffic control would be interrupted. All the flights were safe.
“We are waiting for a conclusion from the Radio Frequency Agency,” Thanh said.


NEWS/STATUS of CPU Director Support for Mac OS X 10.4.10/10.4.11 & 10.5
NOTE: CPU Director is not compatible with Mac OS X 10.5 and should not be installed.PowerLogix G4 7447, 7455, and 7457 single and dual processor upgrades do not require CPU Director for proper operation or performance. You do not need to install CPU Director with any version of Mac OS X 10.5.
Mac OS X 10.4.10/10.4.11 Notes:
Due to numerous roadblocks in the revised Darwin source code introduced in Mac OS X 10.4.10 and 10.4.11, further revisions of CPU Director are not possible. CPU Director 2.3b6 is the final release of this product.
Please remember, PowerLogix G4 7447, 7455, and 7457 single and dual processor upgrades do not require CPU Director for proper operation or performance. Upgrading to 10.4.9 will not cause loss of settings or performance, but will disable CPU Director and it's temperature view pane as well as Dynamic Frequency Switching feature (DFS is a 7447 only option).
Owners of certain PowerLogix G3/800MHz to G3/1.1GHz PCI, Pismo, and ZIF upgrades may require CPU Director at startup to enable the higher processor speed of the PowerLogix G3 750FX or 750GX based upgrade. We recommend not updating your system past Mac OS X 10.4.9 due to these requirements.
Ending development on CPU Director was not an easy decision, and countless hours were spent attempting to work around the changes in Mac OS X 10.4.10 and later. Unfortunately, it just cannot be done.
Thank you for your support and understanding in this situation.


Light energy is a kind of kinetic energy capable of allowing various forms of lights visible to the human eyes. Light is known as a type of electromagnetic radiation produced by hot objects such as lasers, bulbs and sunlight. Let us understand it in detail.
What is Light Energy?
Light produces photons which are small packets of energy. As the atoms of an object are heated, it results in the production of photons. The electrons find excitement from the heat and produce extra energy. This energy emits in the form of a photon, and more photons are released as the material becomes hotter.
Light energy travels in the form of a wave as it travels. However, no matter is, essential to carry the light energy to travel. This is why the light energy can travel through space where there is no air, whereas it is not the same with sound waves, as they have to travel through solids, liquids or gas. Light energy is very swift and travels faster than anything else.
The sun produces a large amount of electromagnetic radiation. Humans can only see a small percentage of this energy known as ‘visible light.’ The way solar energy flows is known as waves. Scientists can estimate the wave energy by measuring the wavelength and the distance between consecutive wavelength positions (from crest to crest and trough to trough).
Visible light is only one of the types of electromagnetic radiation produced by the sun. The electromagnetic defines the range of all possible radiation frequencies. It shows various kinds of electromagnetic radiation from the sun, including ultraviolet rays and x-rays.
Types of Light Energy
Light energy is of various types. They are:
Visible light– Can only be seen through the naked eye. It’s a form of electromagnetic energy. The source of visible light is the sun. It can also emit from lanterns, flashlights, light bulbs, etc.
Infrared light– is also a form of electromagnetic energy that produces heat. TV remotes use infrared light. They travel from the remote to the TV.
X-rays and Ultraviolet light– These are short light waves used by doctors to capture images within our bodies and spot fractures in our bones. Also, dentists use x-rays to monitor the extent of the deterioration of the teeth.
Properties of Light Energy
Intensity: Intensity of light is the rate at which the source releases the light energy. Its power unit is a watt. It is also describable as brightness measured at the rate at which light generates in a surface unit or energy per unit time per unit area.
Frequency: Frequency of light is known as the number of crests that passes through a particular point in a second.
Wavelength: The wavelength of light is known as the distance between the two successive crests or troughs. Light waves travel through the vacuum at the same speed. Wavelength and frequency are lightly similar, thus the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength.
Polarization: It is a mechanism in which unpolarized light transforms into polarised light. Light waves vibrate in more than one plane. Hence they are considered as unpolarized light.
Phase: It is a specific point in the time frame of the cyclic waveform. The intensity of light energy increase when the waves are in phase.
Units of Light Energy
Light energy is measurable in various forms of units.
- Angstrom and nanometers are useful to calculate the wavelength of the light.
- Hertz units calculate the frequency of light energy. And,
- Electron volts (eV) is the unit to calculate Light energy.
FAQs about Light Energy
Q1. What are the few uses of light energy?
Answer. Uses of Light Energy are:
Light energy is a source of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. However, there are also several industrial and science applications of light energy, some of them are:
1.Food: Light is the only source of food generation for all living things. Every organism depends on light for their energy and food, except for a few chemotrophic species, such as bacteria.
2. Vision: Many living organisms are able to see things around them due to the presence of eyes, which could be useless without light. Our eyes create an image as the light falls on them, and this information goes to the brain. Thus, light energy let us see things around us.
3. Colours: The world is so colourful, and all these colours are possible because of the sunlight. The light consists of several spectra, and each spectrum has a specific colour i.e. VIBGYOR.
4. Health: The sunlight also provides Vitamin-D, which helps in increasing bone strength.
5. Electronics: Solar panels use the sunlight to store light energy and convert it into electrical energy. This electrical light energy is applicable for domestic purposes as it is both eco-friendly and cost-effective.
Q.2. How does Light Energy travel?
Answer. Light energy travels very fast and flows in the form of waves.


Perfect Portable Bluetooth Speaker compatible with iPhone, iPod touch, iPad 2/3/4/Air, iPad Mini, Samsung Galaxy S/2/3/4/5, Blackberry, Nexus, Tablets, Laptops, PC Computers, MP3 Players, and any Bluetooth Enabled Device.
Crystal clear sound with Bass booster and Subwoofer effect with built-in speakerphone and microphone for receiving calls.
No brainer to use, no wires that could get tangled, no need to build speakers on walls!
Rechargeable battery which can last for 6-8 hours of playing audio perfect for picnics, backyard barbecues and parties.
Includes Adfilic Bluetooth Speaker, USB charging cable and 3.5mm Audio cable.
I really liked this bluetooth speaker. It is a great little speaker with lots of sound.
I used it with my HTC One Max to listen to music and to listen to books. It worked
great also for hand free calls when in the van. I liked it so much and so did my daughter
so much so I had to get her one!


Specification: Product Name: 12 inch pull-out mobile phone screen amplifier Product size: 260x174x9mm Product color: Black / White / red Magnification: 3-4 times Product material: ABS plastic + fenier lens Product functions: magnifying, eye protection, radiation protection, bracket Package Include: 1 x Mobile Phone Screen Magnifier
Features: Product structure adopts many new technologies, which are simple and compact, and can be used for various types of mobile phones. Made of high quality material, safe and durable to use. It adopts high-definition amplification optical technology, no power drive, no use cost, energy saving and environmental protection. High-definition optical technology can enlarge the picture in the mobile phone by 3-4 times, the picture is clear and lifelike, and the dynamic feeling is stronger. Especially watching 3D mobile movies, the three-dimensional effect is stronger! It can also be used as a traditional magnifying glass. Because of its large magnifying area, it is more suitable for people to read books, newspapers and news on the Internet.. Small size and portable, easy to carry. Stand holder design, free your hand, no need to hold your cellphone while watching video Enlarge your cellphone screen, watch video clearer.


1.Suitable for indoor and outdoor for any occasions,when indoor use, just remember to put the solar panel outside to absorb the sunlights. Light sensor controls the solar string lights auto on at dark and auto off at daytime. 2.These lights are not fully charged upon arrival, please put them under the sun for direct sun exposure to get fully charged. Make sure charged for no less than 6 hrs of direct sun light during the day. 3.Each piece is equipped with a powerful lithium solar battery that charges with solar energy during the day and provides power for the LED bulbs at night. After full charging, the solar garden light can reach a running time of about 6-8 hours. Thanks to the integrated light sensor, the lights switch on automatically at night and off during the day. 4.Note:①Before the first use, please make sure the solar light can be charged with sufficient sunlight for 12 hours.②In winter, the solar light is not able to be fully charged for the lack of light. So it's normal if the solar light is not bright enough and illumination time is short. Light time depends on how much it is charged during the daytime.③The solar light should be installed in places where sufficient sunshine is available.


A micro or small wind turbine works in the same way as a large wind turbine in terms of its basic concept, converting the power of the wind into electricity. This is mainly achieved through a rotor, which if propelled sufficiently by the wind, converts this kinetic energy into direct current via a generator. Then, with the help of an inverter, the generated direct current is converted into alternating current so it can be used in the household or fed directly into the grid.
For a power output of up to 1.5 kW, we talk about micro wind turbines, which should rather be considered as hobby installations. Small wind turbines range from 1.5 to 15 kW in output and can be used as electricity generators in households or small businesses as well as in the agricultural sector, either for self-consumption or to feed into the grid.


Neural Systems Engineering & Information Processing Lab
Maryam M. Shanechi
Maryam will chair a session at the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) 2018 Kavli Frontiers of Science Symposium on "Brain-Machine Interfaces".
Maryam will co-chair a session at the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) 2017 Frontiers of Engineering conference on "Unraveling the complexity of the brain". Read more here.
Our lab receives a DURIP award from ARO to develop brain-machine interfaces.
Our paper on brain-machine interface control algorithms is now published online in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering here.
Our Journal of Neural Engineering paper on a generalizable closed-loop system for control of anesthesia is now published here.
We held our joint US/UK MURI kick-off meeting at USC with participation from academia, DoD labs, and UK MoD. Our program is now officially launched. See the page for our MURI for more information.
My lab is awarded a joint US/UK multidisciplinary MURI grant to lead a multi-institutional collaboration that aims to build brain-machine interfaces for enhanced decision accuracy. Read more: USC news here , Viterbi news here, Press release here.
Our PLoS Computational Biology paper on robust brain-machine interface design is now available here.
Maryam Shanechi is recognized as one of the Popular Science Brilliant 10. Read more here.
Our paper first authored by Yuxiao Yang in the IEEE EMBC is selected as the geographic finalist from North America, and is announced as a winner of the best student paper competition. Congratulations Yuxiao! Read more here.
Maryam Shanechi is selected by the National Academy of Engineering (NAE) for the 2015 US Frontiers of Engineering (FOE) symposium. Read more here.
NSEIP lab recieves an inaugural Cal-BRAIN Award as part of California's new grant program to develop neurotechnologies that revolutionize the understanding of the brain. Read more here.
Maryam Shanechi is appointed as the inaugural holder of a Viterbi Early Career Chair.
Maryam Shanechi receives the NSF CAREER Award. Read the USC news story here.
Our research has been selected by Google Solve for X as a "Tech Moonshot". You can see our moonshot page and video here.
Watch a 3 minute video summarizing our research at the MIT Technology Review EmTech conference here.
Maryam Shanechi is selected as a Pioneer in the MIT Technology Review Innovators Under 35 list for her work on brain-machine interfaces. See the MIT Technology Review story here and the USC story here.
Our paper on a brain-machine interface for control of medical coma wins the best paper award in Technology, Computing, and Simulation at the 2014 International Anesthesia Research Society (IARS) annual meeting.
Our PLoS Computational Biology paper on a brain-machine interface for automatic control of anesthesia is now online and has been highlighted in various media outlets including Cornell Chronicle, MIT news, and NBC news.
Our PLoS ONE paper on a brain-machine interface to jointly decode the target and trajectory of movement using an optimal feedback control design is now online.
Our Nature Neuroscience paper on a brain-machine interface for enhanced sequential motor function is now online and has been highlighted in various outlets including Nature, MIT EECS News, and Discovery News.
Our IEEE TNSRE paper on a decoder for goal-directed movements from neural signals is now online.
Our laboratory develops algorithmic solutions to problems in basic and clinical neuroscience that involve the collection and manipulation of neural signals. Our work combines algorithm development and modeling with in vivo experimental implementation and testing, and is conducted in close collaboration with a variety of experimental labs. One problem of particular interest to our lab is the design of closed-loop brain-machine interface (BMI) architectures.
In our research we use the principles of information and control theories, statistical inference, and signal processing to gain insight into basic neuroscience questions and to develop effective solutions for clinical neuroscience problems. Our work includes the development of BMIs that aim to restore original motor function in disabled patients, and BMIs that have the potential to also enhance such original motor function. These BMIs record the neural activity in the relevant brain areas and use diverse mathematical tools to infer from this activity the motor intent of the user. We also develop BMIs for automatic closed-loop control of the brain state under anesthesia that adjust the real-time anesthetic infusion rate based on non-invasive neural recordings. Finally, we design BMIs for closed-loop brain stimulation to treat neurological diseases.
Postdoctoral Position Available!
We're recruiting postdoctoral scholars with control and signal processing background to develop closed-loop control algorithms for neural systems. Applicants with prior experience in stochastic control are especially encouraged to apply. The project involves both theoretical development and algorithm design, and validation in real-time control experiments with human recordings. Interested candidates should apply by sending their CV to firstname.lastname@example.org.
Graduate Student Openings!
We're recruiting PhD students with strong mathematical background who are interested in developing signal processing and control-theoretic algorithms for neural engineering applications. Interested candidates should contact email@example.com.


The process of data analysis is overly time-consuming and driven by manual human effort. This creates bottlenecks for scientific progress and risk of missing signals within data. Innovations in computational biology are continuously emerging to address these issues, but their accessibility is low and their implementation within organizations is lacking.
Our team works with organizations to solve these problems by developing tools or pipelines with functionality including autogating, high-dimensional analysis algorithms, signal normalization, batch processing, differential analysis, and scripts for connecting different analysis software and information systems such as electronic lab notebooks and clinical databases. Applications include biomarker discovery, immune monitoring, and high-throughput screening. Our specialty is single cell data with attention to flow and mass cytometry, RNA-seq, and imaging.
Other services include education and training designed to quickly arm scientists with a key theoretical framework for understanding and approaching high-dimensional analysis.


Application:Internal illumination to box signs, C/UL approved
LED type: OSRAM/CREE 3.0Watt led
LED quantity: 1 piece
Operating voltage: 12VDC
Color Rendering Index (CRI): 80
Power consumption: 2.8Watt
Operating temperature: -20~60℃
Emitting color: Neutral white/ Warm white
Luminous output each color:245 lumens
Beam angle: 56*12°
Life span: 35000 hours
Protection grade: IP65
Driven mode: Constant current
Weight:29kg per 1000pcs
Package: 15pcs per link, 720pcs per small carton
Quantity to illuminate each ㎡ evenly:
Depth/Thickness of Signs: 150~180mm
1. Powered by original CREE 3.0Watt LED.
2. Lights are to be installed at the two edges of box.
3. Rectangular beam angle especially cost-effective to illuminate doubleside box signs.
4. Applicable to both doubleside-illuminated and singleside illuminated box signs.
5. Long life span up to 35000 hours.
6. Waterproof, IP65, ideal for outdoor use
7. Easy installation and maintenance free.
8. Energy saving & environmentally friendly.


Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is an academic field of study which studies the goal of creating intelligence. Major AI researchers and textbooks define this field as "the study and design of intelligent agents", where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines". (Poole, Mackworth & Goebel 1998, 1).


Technology has transformed our lifestyles. The majority of homes today, quite unlike in the past, have mobile phones, tablets, PCs, TVs and air conditioning. These gadgets have raised our quality of life, but they have also pushed up electricity consumption in homes.
To support the higher electricity consumption, newer HDB blocks are provided with 40 amps main switches. In comparison, HDB blocks built before 1990 were provided with 30 amps main switches. This was based on the prevailing standard specification.
Since 1995, HDB has been carrying out electrical upgrading works to bring these old blocks on par with the newer ones. They provide a higher electrical loading and thus, minimise electrical power trips.
Nearly 2,400 blocks have been upgraded so far, at a cost of nearly $1 billion, fully borne by HDB.
Electrical upgrading is costly as the works are extensive and involve building new infrastructure such as electrical substations and laying higher capacity underground cables. To minimise inconvenience to residents, the works are carried out in tandem with other upgrading programmes and implemented progressively across Singapore.
Our work is not yet finished, as another 4,000 blocks have yet to be upgraded. But they will be in due course.
To find out if your block has been upgraded to a higher electrical loading, you may check the HDB InfoWEB.
Please visit the MND Facebook to leave a comment.


At first, please download our app for Android from Google Play Market. Here is the link.
First connectionAfter application is being installed, you can connect compression tester to your smartphone.
Always connect data cable in shown order: compression tester first, smartphone last. Otherwise your smartphone will not turn power supply on to compression tester.
Just after connection you should confirm all prompts
There should be 2 promts. First will gain application access to external device, second one activates application autostart when external device connected.
After confirming you will see clear application window, and message that you can start compression inspection right now. Just disconnect data cable and turn off application for now.
Note: do not keep tester connected to smartphone more than needed. Device getting power supply from your smartphone, so, when connected, smartphone battery will discharging faster than usual.
Compression inspectionBefore starting inspection you should made some preparations:
* 1. Check that car battery is fully charged. Recharge it if necessary.
* 2. Warm up the engine to the normal operating temperature, then stop it.
* 3. Remove front and rear leading-side spark plugs.
* 4. Disconnect ignition and emission relays or fuses
* 5. Turn pressure sensor in front rotor housing spark plug by hand.
* 6. Turn data cable to your smartphone, app should start automatically, and inform you that everything is ready for test.
* 7. Fully depress the accelerator pedal and crank the engine for 5-10 seconds. While you cranking the enine, progress bar in application will filling. Once it will raise the end, stop cranking.
* 8. Disconnect data cable and save result for front rotor housing.
* 9. Repeat procedure from **5.** item for rear rotor housing.
* 10. Reinstall fuses or relays disconnected at item **4.**
* 11. Reinstall sparkplugs and high tension leads.
Understanding the results
Just you finish measurement process, or open recent result from history, you will got window like this.
Here you can see graphical view of air pressure fluctuation in engine combustion chamber during cranking.
If you touch graph, you can change selected region.
Numbers in right bottom corner will indicate compression of three combustion chambers and engine speed during cranking for selected region.
By touching this numbers you can toggle display of real measured compression and compensated values at 250 rpm.
Device requirementsTo use our compression tester you need any Android powered portable device meeting minimal requirements.
Android 4.0 or higher
USB OTG support
IQ440 - не работает :!: (не поддерживает USB OTG)
Redmi note 2


Solar low frequency sine wave generator are made of two layers (a positive side and a negative side), when they are placed on top of each other they create an electric field, the same way a magnet does. However, the cost of installing these solar panels to heat your home is very expensive, in that it is not just the cost of the panels but there has to be other components purchased in order to make a solar powered home work. When you consider the parts such as, inverters, controls, safety devices, timers, wires, cables, switches, relays, and connectors that has to make the overall product work. Using solar power for homes is very different from powering a calculator or a wrist watch.
If you live in an area that has trouble with power outages or blackouts then it is normal to look toward solar power for an alternate means of electricity. This would make the high cost of the installation of solar power for homes worthwhile, since the energy that is saved from the solar panels will pay for themselves after a few years.
Using such green energy from the sun, means low frequency inverter that it is a clean and renewable energy source. There are many solar powered items on the market that can also help in your endeavor to change to solar power, items such as, solar lamps, water heaters, lanterns, and security lights. DIY solar panel are used mostly for heating water, and consists of a flat structure with copper tubes which allow water to flow through, and an aluminum plate under a thin glass reflects sunlight and absorbs the energy produced by the sun. Like a large magnifying glass, when held a distance from the sun and a specific source will create a fire, the glass and the aluminum cause heat to pass through the copper tubes and heats the water, thus the larger the DIY panel the more volume of water you will have.


Users who use the mobile cable reel not only need to know how to use the mobile cable reel, but also routinely maintain the mobile cable reel. Any daily operation of a product will cause its service life after a long time of friction, but if the daily maintenance is done well, the service life of the product will also be extended. So is the daily maintenance of mobile cable reels really that important? What methods are there? 1. Application of mobile cable tray The mobile cable reel is a high-power mobile socket, but different from the ordinary cable reel, it can be used in more occasions and is more convenient than the ordinary cable reel. However, you also need to choose the right product according to different situations. Because the power gap in the workplace is huge, not all products are suitable. If it is a large production base, industrial socket-type mobile cable reels are required, products that need to work outdoors and in humid environments for a long time need to be waterproof, and professional explosion-proof functions need to move cable reels in flammable gas environments. 2. Moving the cable coil It is necessary to pay attention to the use of the cable tray. The length of the ordinary socket is generally only a few meters to a dozen meters, so the choice of the length is also a problem. When moving the cable reel 30 meters, it can reach 200 meters. When using, you need to choose the corresponding length according to your own needs. If the length is not selected properly, it cannot be used normally if it is too short. If it is long, it will generate a lot of heat when it is wound on the drum, which will affect the output power. three. Mobile cable reel monitoring and maintenance 1. Check the cable. Check the cable for corrosion. If the cable is corroded, exposed wires may leak. Depending on the degree of corrosion by chemical or electrolytic action, the surface of the cable has different symptoms, showing pores of different colors. There may also be red, yellow or yellowish compounds. According to these different manifestations, corresponding measures should be taken. Check for cable damage due to traction friction. Because the cable will be dragged and moved during long-term use, it is easy to be broken or damaged due to external force, resulting in insulation failure. Check the reels and cables for multiple or impending damage from prolonged use. This requires regular and comprehensive inspection of the cable tray so that even if the problem is solved, the potential hazard is not eliminated. 2. Monitoring protector The protector in the cable reel also has some caveats. After the product has been used for a period of time, it should be tested and maintained to ensure that circuit faults can be correctly detected and correct power-off measures can be taken to avoid false alarms and power-offs. 3. Monitoring screw Although the cable reel is easier to use in the industry, many outdoor workers, especially the small wheels below, need to ensure that the screws on both sides of the small wheels are often monitored for looseness with the increase of the number of uses, so as not to affect the normal operation of users working outdoors use. The quality and design of the product are the basis for determining the service life of the product. Whether the operation process is correct or not is the key influencing factor. Today, the product materials used by Wolf brand electrical appliances can ensure the safety and durability of the products to the greatest extent. As long as the user masters the correct method of use, the function of the cable reel can be better played.
Post time: Aug-25-2022