What exactly is wireless router and laptop connection slow?
May be some people has received wireless router and laptop connection slow, and they also don't realize how to fix wireless router and laptop connection slow. In fact, this wireless connection issue often appears on some situations, not a bit strange. Now, let's study the best way to troubleshoot wireless router and laptop connection slow in a short time. Then, you will not afraid this type of computer problems.
What's wireless router and laptop connection slow?
Wireless router and laptop connection slow is most frequently encountered and associated by using a computer running Ms Windows. Computers which may have wireless router and laptop connection slow indicate an issue is within that computer. Your computer can't work correctly, you must repair it without delay. If you don't fix it as soon as possible, a lot of your works will be affected.
The symptom of wireless router and laptop connection slowWhenever on your screen occurs devices refuse to connect internet, I suggest you fix it right away. The most commonly occurring error messages are:
- A red cross on the WiFi icon
- Can't see wifi icon on the taskbar
- Devices refuse to connect internet
- Internet connection is still working but the speeds are slower than normal
- Keep getting error 678 poping up
Fix wireless router and laptop connection slow manually
1.Click Start button, choose and click Control Panel.
2.Find and click on Network and Internet.
3.Click on Network and Sharing Center on the right side.
4.Click on Change adapter settings on the left panel, enter Network Connection window.
5.Choose the Local Area Connection or Wireless Connection, right click to connect or disable.
"Windows Update" is a module which used for upgrading the windows system, with it, we can upgrade the system, expand the system functions, make our system more supportive for softwares and hardwares, and keep a more stable system environment. Follow steps given as below, it is easy to install windows update.
1.Click Start button at the left corner of screen, and click Control Panel:
2.Click the option of Windows Update on new opened window:
3.After step 2, a new window - Windows Update will be opened, and click on Install updates
After all above steps finished, the process of installing windows update is completed.
You can also fix wireless router and laptop connection slow with SmartPCFixerStep 1: Click the below button to download SmartPCFixer.
Step 2: Run SmartPCFixer and click Quick Scan to check your PC.
Step 3: After the complete scan, click Fix All to solve your PC problem easily.
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This portable charging cable which doubles up as an 500mAh powerbank, is the perfect little life saver, or battery saver should I say. It's great for when you're out and about running low on battery or when you're just at home and need to charge your phone. Either way it's perfect for those who need power in a hurry. The charger is 28cm long and includes a LED Battery indicator. Compatible with iPhone 5 and above devices. Input: 5V/1.5A. Output: 5V/1.5A.
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NSR utilises the full potential of cutting-edge technology such as machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) while providing consultation and development services to clients. Businesses may obtain an advantage over their competitors in their respective industries by utilising our innovative solutions and services. To help you enhance your business, we organise your data jungle, extract insights, and construct predictive algorithms.
NSR assists companies in developing high-accuracy, high-quality AI capabilities as well as cost-effective, scalable digital solutions. With our expertise in software, and web development, we create strong and unique AI solutions. Our sophisticated AI software/products help you work faster, cheaper, and without errors by making decisions and addressing problems.
NSR has been at the forefront of developing powerful machine learning-driven solutions for a variety of verticals and industries that play a critical part in numerous aspects of the business model. Our systems are created with the greatest algorithms along with superior data mining techniques to ensure that the business process runs smoothly.
NSR’s Deep Learning Solutions make natural language processing, speech recognition, and image recognition simple. Our deep learning development approach entails studying semi-structured and unstructured data representations in order to create an optimised algorithm for solving crucial business challenges.
NSR provides tailored data services solutions for all businesses, including exploratory data analysis, database administration, constructing prediction models, and the development of entire decision support systems and data-powered products. We perform extensive study and analysis to discover the correct technology to power it all, keeping our clients’ business demands at the forefront of our approach.


Are you tired of sluggish network connections that slow down your work and productivity? If yes, then it’s high time to switch to fiber-optic connectivity for faster data transfer rates. However, upgrading your entire network infrastructure can be expensive and time-consuming. Luckily, media converters offer a cost-effective solution to maximize your network performance by enabling the conversion between fiber-optic and Ethernet cabling standards seamlessly. In this blog post, we’ll explore how media converters can help bridge the gap between different networks and give you lightning-fast connectivity without breaking the bank. So hold on tight as we dive into the world of fiber to ethernet converters and their benefits for fiber-to-Ethernet connectivity!
What are Media Converters?
As data demands increase on enterprise Local Area Networks (LANs), the need for higher bandwidth and faster data rates also increases. Media converters are an important part of maximizing network performance as they enable connectivity between different types of cable media, including fiber optic and Ethernet. By using media converters, enterprises can take advantage of the benefits of both fiber optic and Ethernet cabling to create a high-performance network that is able to support even the most demanding applications.
Media converters can be used to connect different types of fiber optic cable, including single-mode and multimode fiber. They can also be used to connect Ethernet cables, such as twisted pair and coaxial cable. In addition, media converters can be used to connect different types of equipment, such as switches, routers, and computers. By using media converters, enterprises can create a network that is tailored to their specific needs and requirements.
Media converters come in a variety of different form factors, including standalone units, rack-mounted units, and plug-in modules. Standalone units are typically used for low-density applications, while rack-mounted units are designed for use in high-density environments. Plug-in modules provide a convenient way to add or remove media converters from a system without having to power down the entire system.
When selecting media converters, it is important to consider the specific needs of your application. Media converter selection should take into account data rate requirements, distance limitations
The Different Types of Media Converters
There are many different types of media converters that can be used to maximize network performance for fiber to Ethernet connectivity. The type of converter that is best for a particular application will depend on the specific requirements of the network. Some common types of media converters include:
-Ethernet over SONET/SDH (EoS) converters: These converters are used to connect Ethernet networks to SONET/SDH networks. They can be used in a variety of applications, including data center and metro network applications.
-Fiber over IP (FOIP) converters: These converters are used to connect fiber optic networks to IP networks. They are often used in enterprise and campus network applications.
-SONET/SDH over Fiber (SoF) converters: These converters are used to connect SONET/SDH networks to fiber optic networks. They can be used in a variety of applications, including data center and metro network applications.
-TDM over IP (ToIP) converters: These converters are used to connect time division multiplexed (TDM) systems to IP networks. They can be used in a variety of applications, including VoIP and video conferencing applications.
How to Use Media Converters to Maximize Network Performance
When it comes to maximizing network performance, media converters are an essential tool for fiber to Ethernet connectivity. By converting optical signals to electrical signals, media converters allow for data to be transmitted over long distances at high speeds with minimal interference. Here are some tips on how to use media converters to maximize network performance:
1. Use the right type of converter: There are many different types of media converters available on the market, so it’s important to choose the one that is best suited for your needs. For example, if you need to connect two pieces of equipment that use different types of fiber optic cable, you will need a bi-directional converter.
2. Place the converter close to the equipment: For best results, place the media converter as close as possible to the equipment that it is connecting. This will minimize signal loss and ensure that data is transmitted at optimal speeds.
3. Use quality cabling: To get the most out of your media converter, make sure to use high-quality cabling between the converter and your equipment. This will help to minimize interference and ensure reliable data transfer.
By following these tips, you can maximize the performance of your fiber optic network and get the most out of your media converters.
Tips for Maximizing Network Performance with Media Converters
There are a few key things to keep in mind when using media converters to connect your fiber network to an Ethernet network. By following these tips, you can ensure that your network is performing at its best:
1. Use the right type of converter for your needs. There are many different types of converters available, so it’s important to choose the one that is best suited for your application. For example, if you need to connect multiple devices to your Ethernet network, you will need a converter that supports multiple ports.
2. Convert at the highest possible speed. Converting data at a higher speed will result in better performance on your network. Make sure that your converter is set to run at the fastest possible speed for your application.
3. Use quality cables and connectors. Connecting your media converter to your network with high-quality cables and connectors will improve performance and help to avoid potential problems down the road. Be sure to use quality products that are designed for use with media converters.
4. Keep an eye on temperature and humidity levels. Media converters can be sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity levels, so it’s important to monitor these conditions in your environment. If possible, try to maintain stable conditions in order to prevent any issues with your converter
Media converters are an essential tool for ensuring optimal performance in any network. They allow users to connect their devices and maximize the speed of data transfers over long distances. By understanding how media converters work, you can make sure that your network is running at its full potential. With a few simple steps, you can ensure that your fiber-to-ethernet conversion is as efficient and cost-effective as possible.
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What Is ADHD? An ADHD Definition


What the Mitsubishi Power Steering Torque Sensor Does
In a Mitsubishi, there are many parts and aspects to the vehicle that are all working in tandem to bring you the driving experience that you expect. One of those unsung heroes of the car or truck that doesn’t get the recognition it really deserves sometimes is the Mitsubishi power steering torque sensor. This torque sensor makes it even possible for you to use your power steering. How you ask? Well when you steer your wheel there is something that happens immediately. That torque that you applied when you moved your wheel gets transferred down to this torque sensor which in turn sends that measurement to your power steering system. We’ll explain a little more.
What is It Transferring?
When the Mitsubishi power steering torque sensor receives the torque you send down, what it is receiving and then transferring over is electrical signals. These electrical signals keep your power steering system informed as to how much of that torque should be applied to the wheels at the bottom so that your steering is doing what it needs to do. All of this is thanks to your torque sensor. Electricity passes through the tiny pins inside the sensor which measures out to that power steering that you have in your Mitsubishi.
What if It’s Not Working Right?
If you have a Mitsubishi power steering torque sensor that isn’t working well, you may notice that your power steering isn’t working properly. What may happen is that you may notice that your steering is getting harder. By that we mean turning can be a bit more laborious. It will require more strength than you are used to to just steer the wheel. This is not safe at all especially with so many cars and trucks on the road these days. This is how steering used to work before power steering was included in every vehicle now. But back in the day there were not as many cars too. If your power steering torque sensor isn’t working though, it really is time to get it fixed.
How to Fix it
A Mitsubishi power steering torque sensor that isn’t working correctly really needs to be fixed as soon as possible. It’s not a good idea to leave something like that to get worse. Like we said above, you can experience some really uncomfortable steering which can be a problem. In order to fix your issue it’s best to just outright replace that faulty torque sensor with a new one. Take it to a mechanic that you know will take care of your Mitsubishi well. A torque sensor that needs attention is worth fixing. Like we said it can give you some issues if it’s not working properly and it’s just not worth ignoring. Replace it with a new one and you can be on your way with a power steering system that works like the first day you got that vehicle. People may not know it but this little sensor has a really important job.


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Figure 1.6 Address Spaces, Segments, and Pages
Files and File Systems
virtual memory is accessed, the hardware MMU raises an event to tell the kernel
that an access has occurred to an area of memory that does not have physical
memory mapped to it. This event is a page fault. The heap of a process is also allocated in a similar way: initially, only virtual memory space is allocated to the process. When memory is first referenced, a page fault occurs and memory is allocated
one page at a time.
The virtual memory system uses a global paging model that implements a single global policy to manage the allocation of memory between processes. A scanning algorithm calculates the least used portion of the physical memory. A kernel
thread (the page scanner) scans memory in physical page order when the amount
of free memory falls below a preconfigured threshold. Pages that have not been
used recently are stolen and placed onto a free list for use by other processes.
1.7.2 Kernel Memory Management
The Solaris kernel requires memory for kernel instructions, data structures, and
caches. Most of the kernel’s memory is not pageable, that is, it is allocated from
physical memory which cannot be stolen by the page scanner. This characteristic
avoids deadlocks that could occur within the kernel if a kernel memory management function caused a page fault while holding a lock for another critical
resource. The kernel cannot rely on the global paging used by processes, so it
implements its own memory allocation systems.
A core kernel memory allocator—the slab allocator—allocates memory for kernel data structures. As the name suggests, the allocator subdivides large contiguous areas of memory (slabs) into smaller chunks for data structures. Allocation
pools are organized so that like-sized objects are allocated from the same continuous segments, thereby dramatically reducing fragmentation that could result from
continuous allocation and deallocation.
Files and File Systems
Solaris provides facilities for storage and management of data, as illustrated in
Figure 1.7. A file provides a container for data, a directory contains a number of
An Introduction to Solaris
files, and a file system implements files and directories upon a device, typically a
storage medium of some type.
File systems can be
mounted upon other
directories to extend
Figure 1.7 Files Organized in a Hierarchy of Directories
A file system can be mounted on a branch of an existing file system to extend the
hierarchy. The hierarchy hides the mount so that it is transparent to users or
applications that traverse the tree.
Solaris implements several different types of files:
• Regular files store data within the file system.
• Special files represent a device driver. Reads and writes to special files are
handled by a device driver and translated into I/O of some type.
• Pipes are a special type of file that do not hold data but can be opened by two
different processes so that data can be passed between them.
• Hard links link to the data of other files within the same file system. With
hard links, the same data can have two different file names in the file system.
• Symbolic links point to other path names on any file system.
• Sockets in the file system enable local communication between two processes.
1.8.1 File Descriptors and File System Calls
Processes interface with files through file related system calls. The file-related system calls identify files by two means: their path name in the file system and a file
descriptor. A file descriptor is an integer number identifying an open file within a
process. Each process has a table of open files, starting at file descriptor 0 and progressing upward as more files are opened. A file descriptor can be obtained with
the open() system call, which opens a file named by a path name and returns a
file descriptor identifying the open file.
fd = open("/etc/passwd",flag, mode);
Files and File Systems
Once a file has been opened, a file descriptor can be used for operations on the file.
The read(2) and write(2) operations provide basic file I/O, along with several
other advanced mechanisms for performing more complex operations. A file
descriptor is eventually closed by the close(2) system call or by the process’s exit.
By default, file descriptors 0, 1, and 2 are opened automatically by the C runtime
library and represent the standard input, standard output, and standard error
streams for a process.
1.8.2 The Virtual File System Framework
Solaris provides a framework under which multiple file system types are implemented: the virtual file system framework. Earlier implementations of UNIX used
a single file system type for all of the mounted file systems; typically, the UFS file
system from BSD UNIX. The virtual file system framework, developed to enable
the network file system (NFS) to coexist with the UFS file system in SunOS 2.0,
became a standard part of System V in SVR4 and Solaris.
Each file system provides file abstractions in the standard hierarchical manner,
providing standard file access interfaces even if the underlying file system implementation varies. The file system framework allows almost any objects to be
abstracted as files and file systems. Some file systems store file data on storage-based media, whereas other implementations abstract objects other than storage as files. For example, the procfs file system abstracts the process tree, where
each file in the file system represents a process in the process tree. We can categorize Solaris file systems into the following groups:
• Storage Based — Regular file systems that provide facilities for persistent
storage and management of data. The Solaris UFS and PC/DOS file systems
• Network File Systems — File systems that provide files which appear to be
in a local directory structure but are stored on a remote network server; for
example, Sun’s network file system (NFS).
• Pseudo File Systems — File systems that present various abstractions as
files in a file system. The /proc pseudo file system represents the address
space of a process as a series of files.
The framework provides a single set of well-defined interfaces that are file system
independent; the implementation details of each file system are hidden behind
these interfaces. Two key objects represent these interfaces: the virtual file, or
vnode, and the virtual file system, or vfs objects. The vnode interfaces implement
file-related functions, and the vfs interfaces implement file system management
functions. The vnode and vfs interfaces call appropriate file system functions
depending on the type of file system being operated on. Figure 1.8 shows the file
system layers. File-related functions are initiated through a system call or from
An Introduction to Solaris
another kernel subsystem and are directed to the appropriate file system via the
System Call Interface
VFS: File-System-Independent Layer (VFS & VNODE INTERFACES)
Figure 1.8 VFS/Vnode Architecture
Table 1-2 summarizes the major file system types that are implemented in Solaris.
Table 1-2 File Systems Available in Solaris File System Framework
UNIX Fast File system, default in
MS-DOS file system
High Sierra file system (CD-ROM)
Uses memory and swap
Network file system
Uses a local disk as cache for another
NFS file system
Uses a dynamic layout to mount
other file systems
File system for the /dev devices
Table 1-2 File Systems Available in Solaris File System Framework (Continued)
/proc file system representing processes
File system of socket connections
File Descriptors Allows a process to see its open files
FIFO file system
Traditional UNIX implements kernel-resident device drivers to interface with
hardware devices. The device driver manages data transfer and register I/O and
handles device hardware interrupts. A device driver typically has to know intimate details about the hardware device and the layout of buses to which the device
is connected. Solaris extends traditional device driver management functions by
using separate drivers for devices and buses: a device driver controls a device’s
hardware, and a bus nexus driver controls and translates data between two different types of buses.
Solaris organizes I/O devices in a hierarchy of bus nexus and instances of
devices, according to the physical connection hierarchy of the devices. The hierarchy shown in Figure 1.9 represents a typical Solaris device tree.
SCSI Host Adapter
SCSI Device Driver (sd)
Figure 1.9 The Solaris Device Tree
An Introduction to Solaris
Each bus connects to another bus though a bus nexus. In our example, nexus
drivers are represented by the PCI, EISA, PCMCIA, and SCSI nodes. The SCSI
host adapter is a bus nexus bridging the PCI and SCSI bus it controls, underneath
which the SCSI disk (sd) device driver implements device nodes for each disk on
the SCSI chain.
The Solaris device driver interface (DDI) hides the implementation specifics of
the platform and bus hierarchy from the device drivers. The DDI provides interfaces for registering interrupts, mapping registers, and accessing DMA memory. In
that way, the kernel can interface with the device.
Device drivers are implemented as loadable modules, that is, as separate binaries containing driver code. Device drivers are loaded automatically the first time
their device is accessed.
he Solaris kernel manages operating system resources and provides facilities
to user processes. In this chapter we explore how the kernel implements these services. We begin by discussing the boundary between user programs and kernel
mode, then discuss the mechanisms used to switch between user and kernel mode,
including system calls, traps, and interrupts.
Access to Kernel Services
The Solaris kernel insulates processes from kernel data structures and hardware
by using two distinct processor execution modes: nonprivileged mode and privileged mode. Privileged mode is often referred to as kernel mode; nonprivileged
mode is referred to as user mode.
In nonprivileged mode, a process can access only its own memory, whereas in
privileged mode, access is available to all of the kernel’s data structures and the
underlying hardware. The kernel executes processes in nonprivileged mode to prevent user processes from accessing data structures or hardware registers that may
affect other processes or the operating environment. Because only Solaris kernel
instructions can execute in privileged mode, the kernel can mediate access to kernel data structures and hardware devices.
If a user process needs to access kernel system services, a thread within the process transitions from user mode to kernel mode through a set of interfaces known
as system calls. A system call allows a thread in a user process to switch into kernel mode to perform an OS-defined system service. Figure 2.1 shows an example of
a user process issuing a read() system call. The read() system call executes special machine code instructions to change the processor into privileged mode, in
order to begin executing the read() system call’s kernel instructions. While in
privileged mode, the kernel read() code performs the I/O on behalf of the calling
thread, then returns to nonprivileged user mode, after which the user thread continues normal execution.
System Call Interface
Figure 2.1 Switching into Kernel Mode via System Calls
Entering Kernel Mode
In addition to entering through system calls, the system can enter kernel mode for
other reasons, such as in response to a device interrupt, or to take care of a situation that could not be handled in user mode. A transfer of control to the kernel is
achieved in one of three ways:
• Through a system call
• As the result of an interrupt
• As the result of a processor trap
We defined a system call as the mechanism by which a user process requests a kernel service, for example, to read from a file. System calls are typically initiated
from user mode by either a trap instruction or a software interrupt, depending on
the microprocessor and platform. On SPARC based platforms, system calls are initiated by issuing a specific trap instruction in a C library stub.
Entering Kernel Mode
An interrupt is a vectored transfer of control into the kernel, typically initiated
by a hardware device, for example, a disk controller signalling the completion of an
I/O. Interrupts can also be initiated from software. Hardware interrupts typically
occur asynchronously to the currently executing thread, and they occur in interrupt context.
A trap is also a vectored transfer of control into the kernel, initiated by the processor. The primary distinction between traps and interrupts is this: Traps typically occur as a result of the current executing thread, for example, a
divide-by-zero error or a memory page fault; interrupts are asynchronous events,
that is, the source of the interrupt is something unrelated to the currently executing thread. On SPARC processors, the distinction is somewhat blurred, since a
trap is also the mechanism used to initiate interrupt handlers.
A context describes the environment for a thread of execution. We often refer to
two distinct types of context: an execution context (thread stacks, open file lists,
resource accounting, etc.) and a virtual memory context (the virtual-to-physical
18.104.22.168 Execution Context
Threads in the kernel can execute in process, interrupt, or kernel context.
• Process Context — In the process context, the kernel thread acts on behalf
of the user process and has access to the process’s user area (uarea), and process structures for resource accounting. The uarea (struct u) is a special
area within the process that contains process information of interest to the
kernel: typically, the process’s open file list, process identification information, etc. For example, when a process executes a system call, a thread within
the process transitions into kernel mode and then has access to the uarea of
the process’s data structures, so that it can pass arguments, update system
time usage, etc.
• Interrupt Context — Interrupt threads execute in an interrupt context.
They do not have access to the data structures of the process or thread they
interrupted. Interrupts have their own stack and can access only kernel data
• Kernel Context — Kernel management threads run in the kernel context.
In kernel context, system management threads share the kernel’s environment with each other. Kernel management threads typically cannot access
process-related data. Examples of kernel management threads are the page
scanner and the NFS server.
22.214.171.124 Virtual Memory Context
A virtual memory context is the set of virtual-to-physical address translations that
construct a memory environment. Each process has its own virtual memory con-
text. When execution is switched from one process to another during a scheduling
switch, the virtual memory context is switched to provide the new process’s virtual memory environment.
On Intel and older SPARC architectures, each process context has a portion of
the kernel’s virtual memory mapped within it, so that a virtual memory context
switch to the kernel’s virtual memory context is not required when transitioning
from user to kernel mode during a system call. On UltraSPARC, features of the
processor and memory management unit allow fast switching between virtual
memory contexts; in that way, the process and kernel can have separate virtual
memory contexts. See “Virtual Address Spaces” on page 130 and “Kernel Virtual
Memory Layout” on page 205 for a detailed discussion of process and kernel
2.2.2 Threads in Kernel and Interrupt Context
In addition to providing kernel services through system calls, the kernel must also
perform system-related functions, such as responding to device I/O interrupts, performing some routine memory management, or initiating scheduler functions to
switch execution from one kernel thread to another.
• Interrupt Handlers — Interrupts are directed to specific processors, and on
reception, a processor stops executing the current thread, context-switches
the thread out, and begins executing an interrupt handling routine. Kernel
threads handle all but high-priority interrupts. Consequently, the kernel can
minimize the amount of time spent holding critical resources, thus providing
better scalability of interrupt code and lower overall interrupt response time.
We discuss on kernel interrupts in more detail in “Interrupts” on page 38.
• Kernel Management Threads — The Solaris kernel, just like a process,
has several of its own threads of execution to carry out system management
tasks (the memory page scanner and NFS server are examples). Solaris kernel management threads do not execute in a process’s execution context.
Rather, they execute in the kernel’s execution context, sharing the kernel execution environment with each other. Solaris kernel management threads are
scheduled in the system (SYS) scheduling class at a higher priority than most
other threads on the system.
Figure 2.2 shows the entry paths into the kernel for processes, interrupts, and
Entering Kernel Mode
System Call Interface
Interrupts are lightweight and do most
of their work by
scheduling an interInterrupt
Figure 2.2 Process, Interrupt, and Kernel Threads
2.2.3 UltraSPARC I & II Traps
The SPARC processor architecture uses traps as a unified mechanism to handle
system calls, processor exceptions, and interrupts. A SPARC trap is a procedure
call initiated by the microprocessor as a result of a synchronous processor exception, an asynchronous processor exception, a software-initiated trap instruction, or
a device interrupt.
Upon receipt of a trap, the UltraSPARC I & II processor enters privileged mode
and transfers control to the instructions, starting at a predetermined location in a
trap table. The trap handler for the type of trap received is executed, and once the
interrupt handler has finished, control is returned to the interrupted thread. A
trap causes the hardware to do the following:
• Save certain processor state (program counters, condition code registers, trap
• Enter privileged execution mode
• Begin executing code in the corresponding trap table slot
When an UltraSPARC trap handler processing is complete, it issues a SPARC DONE
or RETRY instruction to return to the interrupted thread.


A control component controls your home’s indoor temperature, when it breaks down, you will not be able to regulate your HVAC system, and in turn, fail to keep your home’s indoor environment comfortable! Often, when a control component breaks down, it becomes unresponsive, it fails to detect as well as adjust to temperature changes as you had anticipated. Occasionally, it may fail to signal your heating and A/C component to turn on as expected. In some cases, it would turn the HVAC component on and will not turn it off at all, a control component could break down because of a wiring defect that disrupts signal transmission between the control component and your HVAC equipment. This could cause the plan to start and stop unnecessarily. This short-cycling causes temperature swings inside your home. Some rooms will not get conditioned air to heat or cool the room. Short cycling also strains the compressor and raises electricity bills, check your control unit’s calibration to ensure it is correct. A faulty control unit’s screen will be blank and will not have a backlight even after a battery change. It could also cause the blower fan to run continuously or fail to start at all. Check the wires that run from the control component to the central AC as well as service them if they are faulty. A control component could also have lost its connection to the compressor when the fan is running. Therefore, the HVAC plan will not blow cool air from the vents. If you experience any of these problems, you need to call an HVAC professional to service your control unit. Better yet, troubleshoot your control component as well as determine the best course of action, however replace the HVAC system’s control component if it is completely broken.


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Rechargeable Selfie Light / Ring Light Four Brightness Levels Clip On Phones
|Using Time||2 hours ( depends on the brightness levels)|
Long Lasting LED Bulbs
Provides supplemental or side lighting for photography when ever you have low light conditions. It also helps you to get higher quality pictures and videos when natural light is not available.
The clipping head can be widely opened. So it can be applied to almost all smart phones in market.
Ultra-wide Lighting Range
It can meet the demand of complementary light in wide ranges and wide lighting angles.
How to use?
1. Use the usb cable to charge the light.
2. Clip the light on the phone.
3. Turn on the light, press the switch to choose brightness.
1 x USB Selfie Ring Light
Contact Person: irene


Comodo SecureBox will protect the Benseron PoS devices
Comodo, a global innovator and manufacturer of security solutions, has announced that Benseron, a Point of Sale (PoS) provider, integrates with its products the technology developed by Comodo - Comodo SecureBox, which will protect over 20,000 PoS devices around the world by isolating sensitive information exchange systems against potential attacks and information leakage from endpoints.
The patented Comodo SecureBox technology creates an additional level of protection by protecting software used, for example, in bank transfers or intermediating in information exchange at Point of Sale PoS, limiting access to indicated software and preventing potential data theft while free access to software by its users.
Comodo SecureBox (CSB) allows users to safely interact with critical applications on devices potentially infected with malware, such as corporate computers or sales points. CBS can effectively fight malware such as PoSejdon , which has been designed to steal data from payment cards (see more A new type of malware stealing credit card numbers from PoS terminals ).
PoSejdon malware consists of two files, a loader and a keylogger. When paying with the card for the purchased goods, data from the customer's payment card are read from the magnetic strip of the card, then they are processed by the PoS point, which communicates with malware infected by a work computer connected to the network. Malware during data exchange between the computer and PoS launches loader, which downloads from the C2 keylogger server, in turn this armed with Luhn algorithm scans the computer's RAM for credit card numbers and other number sequences associated with the payment card, which are sent to the offender server .
The credit or debit card numbers and other information about the card holder obtained in this way will not be used to withdraw funds from the ATM, unless the PIN has been stolen, but can be sold on the black market.
Comodo SecureBox technology enables employees to safely use Internet technology and at the same time protects against malicious software, keyloggers, eavesdropping of SSL traffic, MITM attacks, MITB and unauthorized transfer of information to the "outside".
Learn more about our offer
We use Google Cloud Translation and Gengo API’s to translate articles with exception of our comparative tests.


The Envision Platform is the next generation controller for the SPE-DEX® 4790 Extractor system. Built on proven technology, it is the first web-based controller for SPE.
The Envision Controller offers an easy-to-use, compact and user-friendly interface for controlling and interacting with up to eight extractors. You can develop, save, and transfer methods.
The Envision Controller connects to a PC from which you can configure and operate up to eight SPE-DEX 4790 Extractor systems through intuitive and easy-to-use software.
The Operations screen is used to control and monitor the status of each Extractor. The screen is divided into sections within the right and left pane. The right pane displays the status of all connected Extractors; the left pane is used to control and monitor one Extractor.


Vendon has begun using AT&T IoT solutions to automate its global business intelligence and telemetry system for connected coffee and vending machines.
Automated data collection from each machine has the power to prevent any issues before they happen, avoid machine down time and give near instant access to stock levels and service history.
The company insists the potential cost savings for customers from systems being connected to the cloud are huge compared to current manual servicing levels.
Vendon’s customers rely on the Vendon vBox (IoT hardware device), installed on their coffee and vending machines and connected to Vendon Cloud, to ensure machines are well stocked and in full working order.
By connecting the Vendon vBox using AT&T IoT solutions, Vendon can offer its customers near real-time technical and sales data to guarantee snacks and drinks are always available and match the consumers’ preferences.
Powerful reporting and analytics tools in the Vendon Cloud provide valuable insights about consumer behavior and product performance. This in turn helps optimize daily business, win more customers and grow revenue.
Vendon’s CEO, Kristiāns Vēbers said: “Our business intelligence tools help customers spot consumption patterns, analyze machine performance and make data-based decisions to increase revenue and profitability. That’s why we turned to AT&T for a solution that offered us the global reach and speed to support our global customers.”
The AT&T IoT solution comprises the AT&T Global SIM and AT&T Control Center. It will transport data about the coffee and vending machines from the Vendon IoT hardware device and to Vendon’s cloud computing application service.
The AT&T Global SIM provides highly secure connectivity in more than 200 countries and territories. This means Vendon can provide quality customer service and ensure coffee and vending machines are maintained and managed remotely and automatically.
A highly secure global connection is also vital for Vendon customers because many of the vending and coffee machines handle large amounts of currency. The AT&T Global SIM helps safeguard this data sent between locations.


Southwire is pleased to announce the launch of Romex® Brand SIMpull® NM-B-PCS Duo™ Cable – a cable that combines power conductors along with control/signal cables all under one jacket. Coupled with the SIMpull® cable jacket, this winning combination saves time and reduces installation costs – when compared to traditional installations of two cables – all while helping to make pulls safer and more efficient. This great new product is ideal for use with LED or fluorescent dimming controls and SMART homes.
“We are committed to making contractor’s lives easier, and the Romex® Brand SIMpull® NM-B-PCS Duo™ Cable is an excellent addition to our suite of products,” stated Carol Godfrey, the SVP of Construction Marketing & Products. “As we look into the future, we will continue to develop products that help contractors save time, mitigate potential safety risks, reduce jobsite waste, and make crews more effective.”Romex® Brand SIMpull® NM-B-PCS Duo™ Cable is the all-in-one cable UL listed wiring solution to connect 0-10V dimmable LED and fluorescent lighting fixtures to 0-10V dimmers and switches. Romex® Brand SIMpull® NM-B-PCS Duo™ Cable is clearly labeled as a power and control/signal cable and features a continuous stripe on the outer jacket for easy identification.
“We are excited about the benefits this innovative product brings to the electrical contractor,” stated Cody Smith, Product Manager. “With 0-10v dimming and automation installations increasing, so does the need for products that both save time and make the contractor’s job easier.”
The dimming signal input to the LED driver is typically supplied through a purple wire (+10VDC) and a gray wire (Signal Common). The individual purple and gray conductors of the control/signal component of the Romex® Brand SIMpull® NM-B-PCS Duo™ Cable match this color convention to ensure the polarity of control wiring is maintained throughout the lighting system for proper operation.
CAUTION: Do not use the control/signal component to make connections to 120V AC line voltage.
- Designed for easier pulling, resulting in easier installation
- Manufactured as 2 or 3 insulated copper power conductors with a bare ground wire plus a control/signal component for installation as a Class 2 or 3 circuit
- Color coded PVC jacket with SIMpull® Technology
- Voltage rating for NM-B-PCS cable is 600 volts
- Compliant with NEC articles 334 (NM Cable) and the Class 2/Class 3 circuit separation requirements of NEC 725.136(I)(1) and 725.136(I)(2)
- Listed per UL Standard 719
- For use in one and two-family dwellings
- For use in multi-family dwellings where type NM-B cable is allowed by NEC
- Can be installed behind walls or in ceiling
- Reduces installation cost when compared to pulling separate power and control/signal cables
- All cables under one jacket decreases the likelihood of damage
- SIMpull® cable jacket allows for easier pulling
- Conductors identification is printed directly on the jacket
©2018 Southwire Company, LLC. All Rights Reserved


Microwave Transmission Type Moisture Meter
Microwave transmission type moisture meter can be installed easily in the existing production lines to promptly measure even internal moisture in a non-contact and non-destructive manner unaffected by the color and surface shape of measurement materials.
Measure in a non-contact, non-destructive manner.
Microwave transmission type is non-contact and non-destructive for unobtrusive measuring. This product is safe because the transmitter output is less than 1mW making this product safe and with no effect on people or measurement objects.
Measures even internal material moisture
Microwave is a super-high frequency wave, a generic name for an electromagnetic wave where wavelength is expressed in centimeters, with the characteristic of penetrating into dielectric substances. Because of this characteristic, measurement is not influenced by the color and surface state of measurement materials while large particle materials can also be measured. Highly-accurate measurement for objects where the moisture distribution of surface and inside varies is possible.
Based on 100 pieces of raw data per second, an average value (transition average) in a range specified between 0.1 sec to 3,600 sec is calculated and displayed promptly. Upper and lower limits of moisture value can also be specified and used to output a warning.
Measurement principle of microwave moisture meter
Microwave is a generic name for an electromagnetic wave with a relatively long wavelength from 1cm to 1m.
Microwaves travels in a straight line in the space, however, it is reflected on a metal surface and the energy is transmitted through decaying electrically-insulated dielectric substance.
For example, water is composed of positive ions and negative electrons in pairs, and pairs of ions and electrons rotate toward the electric field when microwave is radiated at them as shown in Figure 1 (a). When the electric field is reversed as shown in Figure 1 (b), the pairs of ions and electrons rotate to reverse arrays. Energy lost due to this rotation is microwave attenuation. Therefore, the molar mass to be rotated increases when moisture content increases, and attenuation also increases.
Water is known as a high dielectric substance among dielectric substances. Our microwave transmission type moisture meter applies this principle and measures moisture by radiating microwaves at the measurement object and measuring the energy amount before and after transmission.
Moisture meter object products
||Rice, wheat, noodle, tea, seaweed, dried foods, bean, bread crumb, pet foods, etc.
||Wood, wood chip, plywood, bonded wood, PB, roof tile, exterior material board, tile, sand, etc.
||Soap, Chinese herb, adhesive material, sludge, paper material, cardboard, carpet, powder and particle substance, etc.


The Standard Contactless Timer is an accumulative timer where each additional contactless payment will add the programmed time to any time remaining. It is fitted with a digital display to show the remaining credit. Time per payment can be set in either minutes or seconds with a range from 1 to 127. The case is made from powder coated zintec steel and it has a power consumption of approximately 10W (at 230V AC). The contactless card reader requires either a mobile phone signal or an ethernet connection.


Jul 12, 2021
Have you ever spoken to a friend about something, only to see an
ad appear on your phone for that exact same thing? Today’s
guest, Dr. Jen Golbeck explains why this is…
Dr Golbeck is an associate professor in the Information Science department at the University of Maryland, and a computer scientist specialising in media surveillance, information security and artificial intelligence. Through TED Talks, her informative TikTok channel and her university course ‘How to Become an Influencer’, Dr. Golbeck educates people on the best ways to interact with technology, social media and personal information in the digital world.
Jen joins the show today to discuss the positive and negative impacts of social media, the dangers of using our smart devices, and the tricks you can use to boost your engagement on social media platforms.


Polycom Wi-Fi USB Adapter OBiWiFi5G
Wireless adapter allows a USB-equipped Polycom VVX IP Phone or ATA to connect to the Internet over a Wi-Fi network
With Polycom WiFi adapter, you have the freedom to place your IP phones or ATAs anywhere within range of your Wi-Fi network.
- Compatible with the following VVX IP Phone models: 250, 350, 450, 401, 411, 501, 601 and Obihai 300 ATA
- Wi-Fi Standard IEEE 802.1x for High Level of Security
- Wireless Data Encryption with 64/128-bit WEP, WPA, WPA2
To order, call 8x8 sales at 0333 043 8888


Jaw Crusher Virtual Prototype Simulation Parameters
A Review on Study of Jaw Plates of Jaw Crusher, Figure.9: The complete virtual assembly chart of jaw crusher In this module, many types, such as the reaction force, impulse, and static load of different positions can also be defined to carry out static analysis, kinematics analysis and dynamic analysis.crusher performance parameters, CONE CRUSHER MODELLING AND SIMULATION - 2013-11-29 · Cone Crusher Modelling and Simulation crusher performance. This will enable experiments and tests of virtual prototypes in early product development phases.Crusher Simulation Impact, Jaw Crusher Simulation Crusher Mills Cone Crusher Jaw Jaw crusher impact crusher vertical crushing including leading edge casting simulation 3d animation of jaw crusher – video motor drives belt and pulley when the jaw crusher works the moving jaw plate goes up and down through the eccentric shaft andIJETR2479.pdf by Engineering Research Publication, The Simulation Result of ADAMS The virtual prototype model of the crusher is set up in ADAMS with the structural parameters before and after the Table2 optimization, and the kinematics simulation ...CJ411 Jaw Crusher Frame Cracked Problem Repair, In order to analyze the damage reason for CJ411 jaw crusher in detail, the numerical simulation analysis of the frame was carried out by ANSYS software. Due to the lack of detailed geometric parameters of the original design, the main dimensions of the rack were obtained by mapping the prototype of the rack.Hydraulic Ripper Computer Modeling and Simulation, The purpose of the virtual prototype model is to obtain a series of data on the acceleration and velocity, displacement and energy of the bucket teeth of the Hydraulic ripper. We set the simulation time 2 s, simulation steps 2000, set the Figure 3. 4. Simulation.
CONE CRUSHER MODELLING AND SIMULATION, i REPORT NO. 1652-9243 Cone Crusher Modelling and Simulation Development of a virtual rock crushing environment based on the discrete element method with industrial scale experiments for validation JOHANNES QUIST Department of product and productionImproved flow, Simulation results show that the new flow model has improved the accuracy in the prediction of operating parameters of the rock crusher, such as hydraulic pressure, power draw, and close side ...The Characteristics and Applying Range of Cone Crusher, Based on the command language of Solver of Adams, it builds parameterized virtual prototyping model of cone crusher. With compressive force being input of the simulation model, it solves the results of cone crushers kinematics and dynamics at different kinds of materials, and obtains information of cone rotation speed and friction pair loads, etc.Jaw crusher kinematics simulation and analysis, Jaw crusher kinematics simulation and analysis 1. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES) ISSN (Online): 2320-9364, ISSN (Print): 2320-9356 .ijres.org Volume 3 Issue 3 ǁ March. 2015 ǁ PP.95-99 .ijres.org 95 | Page ...Out, Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringCone crusher modelling and simulation using DEM, · In this paper the cone crusher, which utilizes this mechanism, is investigated using the discrete element method (DEM) and industrial scale experiments. The purpose of the work is to develop a virtual simulation environment that can be used to gain fundamental.
harga alat jaw crusher | Global trade leader ECROBOT.COM, get the curve track of liner. a virtual prototype model is built for jaw harga alat jaw crusher working device based on simulation software adams, kinematic and dynamic analysis for two kinds of typical structure jaw harga alat jaw crusher working device ...jaw crusher selection and performance pridicting, In this paper a method for prediction of cone crusher performance is presented By using the and choice of operational machine parameters for an individual crusher as a part of a crushing plant. K. GauldiePerformance of Jaw Crushers.


The purpose of this research is to develop improved methods for the numerical resolution of stochastic dynamic optimisation problems. Although Bellman’s infamous “curse of dimensionality” impedes the numerical resolution of all but the simplest such problems, approximation methods have had considerable success. At the same time, recent research shows that the quantum computing paradigm could revolutionise the resolution of optimisation problems.
However, no research appears yet to have considered the application of quantum computing to stochastic dynamic optimisation problems. This research proposes the development of new algorithms that leverage the power of both approximation methods and quantum computing, in order to improve performance and enable the resolution of larger instances of such problems than is currently possible.
This project is supported by Instituto Serrapilheira.


The modern computer comes with lots of interesting features. These features differ from one computer to the other. When buying a computer, you should consider the following basic features.
The processing power determines the computer’s efficiency in handling tasks. It refers to the speed at which the computer can complete a task. The motherboard, graphics processing unit and processing memory, all determine the processing speed of a computer. A computer that has more processing power will be able to work fast.
The hard disc and removable drives are called storage of a computer. Storage is also a selling point of a computer. A computer that has more storage is better as you will be able to save a lot of things.
Operating systems offers a set of software that helps you to work. The type of operating system you should choose depends on your requirements. Microsoft, Macintosh, Linux, etc. are the major operating systems available.
You should consider the size and resolution of your display. If the display has higher contrast ration, then you will get high definition displays. You must buy a computer that has a good display, especially if you are going to use the computer to play video games and watch movies.
These are only the basic features of a computer that you should keep in mind when choosing a computer to buy. The type of computer you choose should depend on your purpose and budget. You can read reviews of the latest computers, learn about their configurations before buying a computer.


P-Tap® is a transparent lamination of conductive and non-conductive glass. The arrangement allows power or data to be transferred across individual layers within the lamination. Pre-machined apertures create taps to the positive and negative charged inner coatings that supply power delivery to embedded devices. These connected devices appear to be freely floating within an optically clear glass panel with no visible means of power connection.
Removing the need for wires offers designers, architects and engineers limitless design opportunities to locate powered devices within transparent structures. Devices such as USB sockets, induction charging pads, motors, cameras, sensors and digital displays can all be seamlessly integrated.
Early applications include LED lit display cases and shelving units for museums and induction charging ‘smart’ tables for high-end retail stores. Wider applications span a multitude of markets including Architecture, Security, Automotive, Retail and Lighting.
Commercial agreements to utilise the P-Tap® IP and tech are underway. Initial partnerships include leading touch-screen display manufacturer www.zytronic.co.uk, a global glass company and a leading showcase manufacturer. All will see products to market throughout 2021/22. For direct enquires to purchase Power Tap® glass please contact Zytronic.
P-Tap® Intellectual property is protected under GB1709766.8, EP18756270.7, CA WO2018234777 & US16/624,293
For more information on Power-Tap®, support in applying P-Tap® tech to your own markets, or to be put in direct contact with a P-Tap® OEM component supplier and processor, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org


semi-automatic V shape book scanner
on pages bigger than A3 format
A five-year process to digitize every printed issue of The Daily Kent Stater (now The Kent Stater) concluded this summer. Ninety years of issues, spanning 1926-2016, are now searchable at http://dks.library.kent.edu.
Leverage the power of IP to deliver live video from any location to any destination at any time. TVU offers a number of powerful solutions to acquire and transmit live video for any size organization.
Transmit Video From Anywhere Over IP
TVU offers broadcasters, videojournalists and camera crews small, mobile, lightweight and untethered solutions capable of transmitting professional-quality HD video from on-location. Whether the story takes you to the stadium, city hall, a large scale demonstration or even moving vehicles, trains and helicopters, TVU can help you leverage the power of IP to transmit video of breaking news and events from wherever they happen.
TVU mobile solutions come in multiple form factors designed to meet the needs of any broadcaster. TVU One with HEVC is available in a mobile backpack design. TVU MLink is a rack-mounted encoder that fits in broadcast vehicles and also fixed studio locations. TVU Anywhere app turns your iPhone, iPad or Android smart device into a live video transmitter.
Transmit Over Multiple Mediums Simultaneously With Sub-second Latency
Powered by IS+, TVU’s innovative proprietary transmission algorithm, TVU transmitters can simultaneously aggregate any combination of bandwidth mediums including cellular 3G/4G LTE, WiFi, Ethernet, Ka-band and Ku-band satellite, microwave, microwave mesh and BGAN to deliver a reliable and dependable broadcast picture with sub-second latency, as low as 0.5 seconds. IS+ uses advanced Forward Error Correction technology to produce superior transmission performance. When compared to traditional FEC/ARQ methods, IS+ uses minimal data overhead without latency introduced by packet retransmission. The result is a reliable transmission with best picture quality and ultra-low latency even in a moving vehicle.
TVU One with HEVC is the most compact wireless IP video transmitter solution available that does not compromise on picture quality or performance. Using multiple embedded modems, TVU One is ready to transmit practically anywhere with a camera and push of a button.
Featuring a unique extendable and swappable modem module, TVUPack TM8200 is a portable mobile broadcast backpack that uses multiple cellular 3G/4G LTE modem cards to transmit live HD video with ultra-low latency.
TVU MLink has revolutionized vehicle news newsgathering by incorporating cellular transmission with traditional satellite and microwave or as the primary transmitter from the field. TVU MLink is a rack-mount solution that enables any ENG vehicle to leverage multiple IP connections simultaneously to transmit live video. TVU MLink is available in a model that supports HEVC and 4K.
Breaking news can happen anywhere, and with TVU, any member of your organization can transmit live video using their handheld mobile device. Just download and open the free TVU Anywhere app on any Apple iOS or Android device, and start transmitting live video.


Tripp Lite N201-050-Bl Cat-6 Gigabit Snagless Molded Patch Cable (50Ft)
- Meets Category 6 cabling standards.
- Meets most current industry standards including IEEE 802.3ab, IEEE 802.5, ANSI/EIA/TIA 568, ISO/IEC 11801 & ETL (Category 6, draft 11)
- Drastically reduces impedance & structural return loss compared to standard 100Mhz wire.
- Snagless boots protect the locking tabs on the RJ45 connectors from being damaged during installation
- Features molded connectors with integral strain relief Rated for 550MHz/1Gbps communication


Smok Novo 2 Vaporizer – A Look At The New vaporizer For Your Health
The Smok Novo 2 really is a great air purifier for your home. However, the question still surfaces whether or not it is better than the Smok healthsmap. I have been using the Smok healthsmap for a few months now and I am very happy with it, however the Smok Novo 2 has some distinct advantages over it that I am going to list and compare.
The first huge advantage the Smok Novo 2 has over the Smok healthsmap is that it draws less power. The initial Smok Novo had concerning twice as much battery power as the newer Smok Novo 2 . not The biggest difference inside the initial price will be the top increase in battery power, proceeding from the actually 450 mah battery to the now eight hundred mah battery. Twice the battery energy means twice the particular lasting battery moment.
Smok Novo 2 likewise has newer alternative pods for each of the four main flavor categories. In contrast to the prior generation zero pods provided a single flavor, Smok Novo 2 provides 3. That Element Vape Coupon would be amazing, because everybody can have Smok Novo 2 in their collection, men, women, and children. Plus there are usually new flavors additional all the time too.
Another huge advantage of the Smok Novo 2 will be that it utilizes nickel-free coils. Typically the previous generation applied nickel metal primary coils, which brought on quite a little bit of build-up in addition to mess. As it will be nickel free the coils stay longer, which usually means that there will be much less mess and a more efficient clean. Smok Novo 2 provides a replaceable coils system that allows you to change out coils without buying a complete new kit. This is one regarding the major advantages of the Smok novo 2 and one you can appreciate any time using your vaporizer.
Right now there are some negatives for the Smok Novo 2 as nicely. Although the electric batteries are rechargeable in addition to long lasting, the particular draw on the particular power may be a little bit excessive for a few people. Furthermore, the ease regarding use is just not as good as typically the prior version. Inside addition, the atomizers that come with the kit are usually not very effective in removing caustic soda or additional liquids from your lungs.
The final significant advantage is that the novo a couple of has two battery systems which can be easy. First you can replace the batteries in your smoke cigarettes Novo 2 easily and quickly. 2nd you can hook up the charger to the USB port on the laptop or personal computer and use this to charge your own battery from there. The particular electronic charging system doubles as an automobile dryer as well. That means that you don’t have to hold out for the battery to charge by itself as it does with the earlier version.
With the Smok Novo 2, an individual can enjoy your current vaporizer and never have to buy the replacement ink cartridges, which is very important. The advantage of typically the electronic system of which comes with the particular novo 2 pod kit is that will you can employ both types associated with cartridges. That way an individual won’t waste money on reusing the particular same cartridges over again. Also, your electronic device may run longer just before having to be refilled, which will save an individual money in the long run. When you proceed through the Smok Novo 2 pods and refill them, you save funds since you do not have to pay out the high prices associated with refilling cartridges often.
General the Smok Novo 2 is a new great electronic gadget that provides great advantages for its value. It is a little bit within the expensive side, several people that have used it are actually very pleased with its performance. When you are seeking for a easy camera that creates great results, after that the Smok Novo 2 electronic vaporizer is worth looking at. Smok Novo 2 has a great deal of features that make it endure out from some other competitive products such as the Pax 2 plus the Vamo 2, which are two of the highest selling vaporizers currently out there.


In this Review, I would be explaining you each and every aspect of this smartphone which will help you to decide whether the stuff is worth or not. 🙂
HTC U ultra is one heck of a good looking device. A 5.7 inch primary screen and a 2 inch secondary screen for extra features or shortcuts we may say. A glass finish which is quite reflective and fingerprint magnet which is also quite slippery. Overall , it is a good looking device which you can showoff. It is a super LCD display which means you get quite colors on the phone. It has a 1440×2560 pixel screen which means it has 513 pixels per inch. You also get a corning gorilla glass 5 protection which means it can handle drops, many of them. It is also 170 g which is justified considering the size.
U Ultra runs on Android nougat out of the box which it obviously should considering it is a flagship. It runs on Snapdragon 821 , yet again justified. Quad core device, Adreno 530 GPU which suits the chip set given and guaranteeing a smooth interface experience. It comes in two variants 64 GB model or 128 GB model with 4 GB of RAM. It also sports a 3000 mAh battery, YEAH! 3000 mAH battery for a big device. There must be a lot of unused space under that hood. 🙂
HTC is pricing this device at $749 which puts it in premium range. Is this price justified though? Let me know in the comments.
Camera is one of the key feature of any device now. It either makes it a great device or not so great device. U Ultra is a good one. It has all the camera features a premium range smartphone should have: 12MP, f/1.8, 26mm, OIS, laser & phase detection autofocus, dual-LED (dual tone) flash. It can shoot videos at 4K upto 30fps which is quite good as well. Well, but we have a huge camera bump. 😉
Now let’s talk about some other features which the device offers . We get fingerprint sensor at the front which is the smallest one I have ever seen. We also have permanent capacitive buttons which are place way down on the chin. Yeah! We also do not have a headphone jack which is a bummer for a phone this huge, they gotta include something.
Below are some valuable Pros and Cons you should be familiar to before purchasing this smartphone.
- Good camera
- Best design
- HTC skin and features
- Small battery
- Not water resistant
Its better for you to get the newest box of headphones: Sony MDR-ZX110A On-Ear Stereo Headphones (White). This headphone would surely fit for your new HTC U Ultra.
We can pretty much say it’s a very good device but not for $749. When you want to buy a phone that costly, you ought to include everything there is. U Ultra doesn’t have it. If they somehow decrease the price to 500-600 then it’s definitely a great buy. So that’s pretty much it. Thanks for reading. Let me know in the comments below how you feel about this device.


CheMaRy Web Page
Electronics, DIY, programming and more…
Programming Bus Pirate v4 without ChipKit
While on vacations I started a project where I needed to program a device (nRF52833) via SWD, as a programmer I wanted to use a Bus Pirate v4.0 I had on hand and OpenOCD.
After some hours of unsuccessful attempts I arrived to the conclusion that the firmware of my Bus Pirate has some bug on JTAG/SWD function. I downloaded newer firmware from https://github.com/BusPirate/Bus_Pirate/releases/tag/v7.0 and tried to burn it using pirate-loader but I was unable to communicate with the device even shorting PGC-PGD, tried lots of things until I remembered last time I programmed Bus Pirate was with my own compiled firmware and PICKit instead of using BP own bootloader, so probably I deleted accidentally the bootloader.
My only option was to program the Bus Pirate using directly the ICSP port, but my PICKit is at my home far away.
Analyzing what I have around most feasible option was FT232RL serial port adapter or an Arduino Nano, I started searching if there are any program for those devices capable of programming the PIC24FJ256GB106 on Bus Pirate v4.
|Pickle Microchip PIC ICSP||Pickle is an PICMicro in-circuit serial programmer for Linux, Windows and MACOS/X, supports PIC micros from the PIC10 to the PIC32 and can use different devices for programming like FT232RL or Raspberry Pi GPIO. |
|pictools||A PIC programmer based on an Arduino Due. Only the PIC32MM0256GPM064 family is supported.|
|Arduino as PIC18F programmer||Arduino as programmer for some PIC18F devices|
Most feasible option seems Pickle as other tools doesn’t support PIC24F devices, but I was first unsuccessful using it and I tried to adapt https://github.com/maximevince/arduino-as-pic18f-programmer code for supporting PIC24F.
I was half way on the process of deciphering DS39907A – PIC24FJXXXGA1/GB1 Families Flash Programming Specification when I decided to use GDB to debug Pickle to better understand the flow, then I noticed the command line I was using is not issuing the commands to the PIC24FJ256GB106 on the way it should be, I corrected the command line and voila the PIC responded identifying itself correctly.
One of my intentions of writing this post was to leave this information here in case somebody else gets to the same situation as Pickle documentation is not very clear about how to use it.
Using FT232RL with Pickle
First we have to create a configuration file defining we want to use FTDI device and the pin assignments, the file should be called .pickle and can be placed on the home or in the same directory where the application is launched, in my case ~/pickle-ftdi/src/.pickle, the documentation includes configurations for other devices, I have edited the recommended settings to use the pins TX/RX/DTR on the header of my FT232RL device.
# DB0 TXD => VPP (MCLR) # DB1 RXD => PGC # DB2 RTS# # DB3 CTS# # DB4 DTR# => PGD # DB5 DSR# # DB6 DCD# # DB7 RI# DEVICE=FTDI IFACE=0 BITRULES=0x1000 SLEEP=100 VPP=0 PGC=1 PGD=4 PGM=-1 # DISABLED DEBUG=0
Pickle includes a test program quite useful to verify the connections are ok, I connected the FT232RL to some leds and checked that PGC/PGD/MCLR are on the pins I defined.
#> sudo ./ptest 2 2 TEST MODE 2 [ICSP] VPP LOW (0V) (ICSP 1) [2 seconds] PGD IN: 0 VPP HIGH (12V) (ICSP 1) [2 seconds] PGD IN: 0 PGD LOW (0V) (ICSP 4) [2 seconds] PGD IN: 0 PGD HIGH (5V) (ICSP 4) [2 seconds] PGD IN: 0 PGC LOW (0V) (ICSP 5) [2 seconds] PGD IN: 0 PGC HIGH (5V) (ICSP 5) [2 seconds] PGD IN: 0 TEST DONE #> sudo ./ptest PGC 3 TEST MODE VPP|PGD|PGC|PGM PGC LOW (ICSP 5) (D-SUB-9 RTS 7) [3 seconds] PGC HIGH (ICSP 5) (D-SUB-9 RTS 7) [3 seconds] PGC LOW (ICSP 5) (D-SUB-9 RTS 7) [3 seconds] TEST DONE
Connecting FT232RL to the ICSP port
After ensuring the correct pins are used we can attach FTDI to the ICSP header on the Bus Pirate and check we can get deviceid and other information with Pickle.
#> sudo ./p24 select PIC24FJ256GB106 LVP id  [PROGRAM] 15600 WORDS [02ABFA] [CONFIG3] FFFF [02ABFC] [CONFIG2] 239E [02ABFE] [CONFIG1] 3E7F [8007F0] [APPID] FF [8007F0] [CALIB1] FFFFFF [8007F2] [CALIB2] FFFFFF [8007F4] [CALIB3] 2ED573 [8007F6] [CALIB4] 0D0071 [8007F8] [CALIB5] FF008A [8007FA] [CALIB6] FFFFFF [8007FC] [CALIB7] FFFF1B [8007FE] [CALIB8] 00F800 [FF0000] [DEVID] 1019 FAM:40 DEV:19 PIC24FJ256GB106 [FF0002] [DEVREV] 0004 MAJOR:0 DOT:4
Programming Bus Pirate bootloader
Programming with this setup very slow, so we will just program the bootloader and then program the new firmware using Bus Pirate own USB.
#> sudo ./p24 select PIC24FJ256GB106 LVP program ~/personal/BusPirate/fw/bpv4_boot4.10_opt1_18092016.hex noblank Total: 7768 3:36.42 time elapsed
Is important to verify that it was programmed correctly, the first time I programmed BusPirate did’t even was recognized as USB device, verification identified that 1600 of the 7768 words were incorrect, programming again fixed the problem.
#> sudo time ./p24 select PIC24FJ256GB106 LVP verify ~/personal/BusPirate/fw/bpv4_boot4.10_opt1_18092016.hex Total: 7768 Fail: 0 6:08.59 elapsed
Hello Bus Pirate bootloader
Now that the bootlader was programmed, we can connect Bus Pirate via USB and check if it responds, I had to connect PGC to PGD on ICSP header to be able to enter the bootloader, also point out that I have to reconnect the device to USB after hello command or it wouldn’t respond to next commands.
#> ./pirate-loader --dev=/dev/ttyACM0 --hello +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Pirate-Loader for BP with Bootloader v4+ Loader version: 1.0.3 OS: UNKNOWN +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Opening serial device /dev/ttyACM0...OK Configuring serial port settings...OK Sending Hello to the Bootloader...OK Bootloader version: 4,10 Device ID [f1]:PIC24FJ256GB106
Programming Bus Pirate firmware
#> ./pirate-loader --dev=/dev/ttyACM0 --hex=busPirate.X.production.hex +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Pirate-Loader for BP with Bootloader v4+ Loader version: 1.0.3 OS: UNKNOWN +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Parsing HEX file [busPirate.X.production.hex] Found 22576 words (67728 bytes) Opening serial device /dev/ttyACM0...OK Configuring serial port settings...OK Sending Hello to the Bootloader...OK Bootloader version: 4,10 Device ID [f1]:PIC24FJ256GB106 Erasing page 0, 0000...OK Writing page 0 row 0, 0000...OK Writing page 0 row 1, 0080...OK Writing page 0 row 2, 0100...OK Writing page 0 row 3, 0180...OK Writing page 0 row 4, 0200...OK Writing page 0 row 5, 0280...OK Writing page 0 row 6, 0300...OK Writing page 0 row 7, 0380...OK Erasing page 8, 2000...OK ..... Firmware updated successfully :)!
Now is time to program the firmware, I compiled the latest version of https://github.com/BusPirate/Bus_Pirate and sent it to the Bus Pirate, it was quite fast compared to FT232RL.
I removed the connection between PGC/PGD and reconnected the Bus Pirate to the USB, entered on the serial console and that’s it, it has the new version.
#> picocom /dev/ttyACM0 --b 115200 HiZ>i Bus Pirate v4 Community Firmware v7.1 - goo.gl/gCzQnW [HiZ 1-WIRE UART I2C SPI 2WIRE 3WIRE KEYB PIC DIO] DEVID:0x1019 REVID:0x0004 (24FJ256GB106 UNK) http://dangerousprototypes.com
Next is to check if OpenOCD is now able to use Bus Pirate, but lets leave this for other post.


|Product Name||ScanSnap iX100|
|General Technical Specifications|
|Scanner Type||Single fed (Straight / U-turn path), CDF (Continuous Document Feeding), Simplex|
|Scanning Modes||Color, Grayscale, Monochrome, Automatic (Color / Grayscale / Monochrome detection)|
|Image Sensor||CIS (Contact Image Sensor) x 1|
|Light Source||3 color LED (Red / Green / Blue)|
|Optical Resolution||600 dpi|
|Scanning Speed (A4 portrait)(1)||Auto Mode(2)||5.2 seconds / page|
|Normal Mode||5.2 seconds / page|
|Better Mode||5.2 seconds / page|
|Best Mode||5.2 seconds / page|
|Excellent Mode||20.4 seconds / page|
|Document Size(3)||Normal Mode||Maximum: 216 x 360 mm (8.5 x 14.17 in.)
279.4 x 431.8 mm (11 x 17 in.) with Carrier Sheet
Minmum: 25.4 x 25.4 mm (1 x 1 in.)
|Long Paper Scanning(4)||863 mm (34 in.)|
|Paper Weight (thickness)||52 to 209 g/m2 (14 to 56 lb) (Straight path), 52 to 80 g/m2 (14 to 20 lb) (U-turn path)
Cards: 0.76 mm or less (Non-embossed), 0.76 + 0.48 mm (Embossed) (ISO7810 Conforming)
|Paper Setting||Front-side up|
|Continuous Scanning||260 sheets (A4, Color, Simples, 300 dpi, Battery operated)(5)|
|Interface(6)||USB||USB 2.0 / USB 1.1|
|Wi-Fi||IEEE802.11b / IEEE802.11g / IEEE802.11n
Frequency band(7): 2.4 GHz
|Wi-Fi Interface||Connection Mode||Access Point Connect Mode (Infrastructure mode)
Direct Connect Mode (Ad-hoc mode)
|Communication Distance(8)||50 m (Recommended: 25 m)|
|Security||Infrastructure mode: WPA (TKIP / AES), WPA2 (TKIP / AES), WPA-PSK (TKIP / AES), WPA2-PSK (TKIP / AES), WEP (64-bit / 128-bit)
Ad-hoc mode: WPA-PSK (TKIP / AES), WPA2-PSK (TKIP / AES), WEP (64-bit / 128-bit)
|Easy Installation||WPS2.0 (Button / PIN code)|
|Power Source||Li-ion battery (3.7 V / 720 mAh)|
|Power Requirement||5 V / 0.5 A|
|Power Consumption(9)||Operating Mode||4.7 W or less|
|Sleep Mode||2.2 W or less|
|Auto Standby (Off) Mode||Less than 0.5 W|
|Operation Environment||Temperature||5 to 35°C (41 to 95°F)|
|Relative Humidity||20 to 80% (Non-condensing)|
|Dimensions (W x D x H)(10)||273 x 47.5 x 36 mm (10.74 x 1.87 x 1.42 in.)|
|Device Weight||400 g (0.88 lb)|
|Driver||ScanSnap specific driver
· Windows®: Does not support TWAIN/ISIS®
· Mac OS: Does not support TWAIN
|Environmental Compliance||ENERGY STAR® / RoHS|
|Inbox Contents||Getting started, Set-up DVD-ROM, USB cable|
- Scanning speeds may vary due to the system environment used. The time is measured between start of document feeding to finish of document output.
- Scans will be made in "Best mode" if shorter sides are less than 148 mm (5.8 in.) and in "Better mode" if not.
- Automatically stitch a two-page spread when scanning a folded A3, B4 or double letter size document one side at a time. The image is automatically stitched only if texts or diagrams cover across the two-page spread.
- Capable of scanning documents that exceed A4 size in length except for 'Excellent mode'.
- The number of sheets that can be scanned when connected to a computer via Wi-Fi with fully charged battery. The number of sheets may vary due to the system environment used, usage method and repeated charging.
- Computer with USB 3.0 will work as USB 2.0 guaranteed only with USB cable provided with product.
- Frequency may vary depending on country.
- Communication distance may vary depending on surrounding environment and the access point to be connected.
- When operating with battery.
- When chute is closed.
System Requirements for PC
|Compatible Operating Systems||Windows|
|10 / 8.1
(32-bit / 64-bit)(1)
(32-bit / 64-bit)
|Driver / Applications(2)||ScanSnap Home(4)||Supported||Supported|
|ABBYY FineReader for ScanSnap™||Supported||Supported|
|Hardware Requirements(3)||CPU(5)||Intel® Corelon 1.8 GHz (2 core) or higher (Recommended: Intel® Core™ i5 2.5 GHz or higher)|
|Memory Capacity(5)||2 GB or more (Recommended: 4 GB or more)|
|Display Resolution||1,024 × 768 pixels or more|
|Disk Capacity(6)||3.8 GB or more of the free hard disk space|
- Operate Windows in desktop mode.
- Operating systems listed in this table are the only ones supported. Please refer to the ScanSnap Support site for the latest support information.
- The ScanSnap device may not work if the connected computer does not meet these requirements.
- Installation requires a computer and Internet. Activation is also necessary for software use. Please visit the ScanSnap Support site for download information.
- Scanning speeds may drop if recommended CPU, memory capacity and USB 1.1 requirements are not met.
- .NET Framework 4.7 or later must be installed. If it is not installed, it is installed with ScanSnap Home. Up to 4.5 GB of disk space is required for the installation.
*The system requirements may change depending on the duration of support and the support policy of the companies that make the software listed in the table above.
System Requirements for Mac
|Compatible Operating Systems||macOS v10.14||macOS v10.13||macOS v.10.12(1)|
|Driver / Applications(2)||ScanSnap Home(4)||Supported||Supported||Supported|
|ABBYY FineReader for ScanSnap™||Supported||Supported||Supported|
|Hardware Requirements(3)||CPU(5)||Intel® Core i5 1.4 GHz or higher (Recommended: Intel® Core™ i5 2.5 GHz or higher)|
|Memory Capacity(5)||2 GB or more (Recommended: 8 GB or more)|
|Display Resolution||1,024 x 768 pixels or more|
|Disk Capacity||2.0 GB or more of the free hard disk space|


Info Item number: 466764
- This product is in stock and can be shipped immediately.
- Item number: 466764
- sales unit: 1 piece
- available since: 2019/06/18
- The prices in € are a guideline only.
1010music blackbox; stereo sampling (24 bit / 48 kHz), streaming (microSD card), looping, slicing, sequencing and mixing; combining loops with different tempos through the built-in BPM synchronization and beat slicing; polyphonic playing of one-shot samples and loops via virtual keyboard; piano roll view for creating and editing sequences; microSD slot for importing WAV files, audio recording and playback as well as saving samples and Presets; touchscreen; connections: 1x stereo line input 3.5 mm mini jack, 3x stereo line output 3.5 mm mini jack, 1x stereo headphone output 3.5 mm mini jack, MIDI I/O and Clock I/O 3.5 mm mini jack, USB host input, USB bus power; dimensions: 140 x 130 x 30 mm; Weight: 907g
Your Contact: Studio/Synth/Software
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Television offers us the unique possibility of discovering worlds we would not even know they exist. The TV was the result of a series of discoveries. The following television history timeline presents these discoveries and how they contributed to the creation of the today’s TV.
1831 – Scientists started working with electronics; they did not know much about electricity and its uses.
1862 – The pantelegraph was invented by Abbe Giovanna Casell and thus an image could be transferred through wires, working on the same principle used for telephone wires to transfer sound. This may be considered the first major event in the television history timeline.
1873 – Two scientists, Smith and May, experimented with selenium which helped them realize that pictures could be converted into signals and could be sent over wires more easily.
1880 – The photophone was invented by Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham Bell. This device was able to transfer sound, but their aim was to transfer pictures with it, at a higher quality.
1884 – Paul Nipkow discovered how to use the wires for sending multiple pictures, with the help of a rotating disk that moved the picture; a notable event in the television history timeline.
1900 – The first “television” was displayed at the World Fair in Paris.
1907 – A new type of television was invented, using a vacuum tube and cathode rays.
1924 – John Baird, a Scottish scientist invented a method through which you could capture objects while in motion, subsequently named moving picture, which opened the road to movies and TV shows.
1925 – The long distance television was first publically tested in the area between New York and Washington D.C.
1928 – A famous man in the Charles Jenkins owned the first television station whose name was W3XK.
1936 – The number of television sets grew fast, thus by 1936, 200 TV sets were reported to be used by people.
1937 – The first important television network was CBS.
1939 – Another World Fair exhibit tested the television sets in 1939 in order to market them to the public. RCA was one of the first TV brands.
1950 – Although in development for years, it was not until 1950 that the color TV was released to the public.
1969 – The television revolution had already begun; therefore, in 1969 the entire world was able to see Neil Armstrong on their TV sets, stepping onto the moon for the first time. This really marked the television history timeline.
1997 – Panasonic developers created and released the first flat screen TV, which took over very fast the television market.
2009 – People in the United States of America made the transition to all-digital television viewing.


Our research program is focused on deep brain stimulation (DBS) and the design of novel techniques to improve its clinical application. Our primary research methods rely on coupling computational modeling with experimental measurement in human subjects implanted with neuromodulation technology. We pioneered the concept of patient-specific DBS modeling and made our most important scientific contributions by blending finite element electric field models of DBS with high resolution MRI data. This led to the creation of academic software technologies for modeling the effects of DBS on individual patients, which are now commonly available commercial clinical tools. Our current research efforts focus on evolving that translational pipeline with the integration of biophysical details on the neural response to DBS with anatomically accurate representations of the axonal connections in the human brain (i.e. “Connectomic DBS”). In addition to electrical stimulation modeling, the laboratory also maintains an active research effort studying the biophysics of neural signals recorded by electrodes implanted in the brain.


The displayed noise is lower in the PM5 compared to previous power meters which allows more sensitive measurements. The figure below shows measurements of a 200nW square wave simultaneously measured on a PM4 and a PM5, both on the 2 mW scale. The square wave is clearly visible with the improved noise floor of the PM5.
Lower Noise with the PM5
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Contact VDI today for specifications and quotation details.
Virginia Diodes, Inc., Ph:434.297.3257, FAX:434.297.3258, www.vadiodes.com, [email protected]


About Durango Project
This is an Open Hardware and Open Source Software Project. You can find all our projects in our Github Organization.
Durango Computer Team
The Durango Computer Team is the people behind the project, working together to design and implement the hardware and software for Durango.
Of course everyone can become part of the Durango Computer Team, due to the open Hardware and Open Source initiative. Here you can find the core people of the Durango Computer Team.
|6502 Guru. Father of Durango-X||Born in the 80's, always looking for cool projects to learn from||Zerasul is a Software Engineer that loves the retro world.|


Monitoreal offers proactive Security with Video Analytics for all, achieving high reliability and accuracy, data privacy & remarkable compatibility with most cameras – using ONVIF or RTSP.
Sales Manager Monitoreal
Monitoreal Solution was introduced to fulfil an increasing demand for a SMART security solution that offers Video Analytics that is secure and offers real time and reliable notifications in the residential & SMB commercial market.
Monitoreal’s philosophy is based on four key pillars:
1. Data Privacy
Data Privacy – With Monitoreal, No video is processed in the cloud and there is no reliance on third party servers. The device is deployed at the edge, resulting in reduced latency and improved efficiency, as well as freeing up internet bandwidth. Moreover, detections & alerts are generated from behind the firewall. With that, the flexible notifications/alerts are sent as snapshots using private messenger applications, such as Telegram, or user’s email account. This approach allows Monitoreal to remain a truly private device, staying clear of the vulnerabilities that come with cloud solutions or leaking of personal data. As a result, we not only achieve a high level of data privacy but are also able to offer an autonomous solution with uninterrupted service/connection.
Reliability – Monitoreal offers a truly SMART AI intelligent notification system – with algorithms that allow for real time and highly accurate alerts. With over 19 objects to choose from, including: people, animals, vehicles, and accessories the user has the flexibility to set specific rules to only see what matters and ignore the rest. We have put our device to the test and the AI algorithms have proved to deliver impressive results, identifying objects even when partially obstructed from view, in difficult weather and lighting conditions, and ignore distractions such as shadows and moving trees. To add that that accuracy and reliability, we continue to look for ways to enhance the Monitoreal device performance and release updates directly to the device, with no extra cost to the owner. We can say with confidence that we are delivering truly reliable AI smart analytics solutions to the US market and the rest of the world.
Functions/ Capabilities – The combination of rich features, simple installation, and ease of use, make this an attractive and successful product. The discovery or connection of the cameras is done automatically, with the exception of few brands. The ability to connect to the internet through ethernet or WiFi, offers the flexibility of installing the device anywhere in the property and allows for optimal physical security. The most recent update, included at no cost for existing users, adds the ability to manage two different network interfaces, meeting the needs of more demanding projects where subnetwork is being used for the security system. One of the more robust advantages of the device is the ability to choose limitless zones per camera, as seen in the picture below. These zones can be either inclusive (including objects detected within) or exclusive (ignoring objects moving within the selected area). Furthermore, multiple zones can be set for each individual camera. As for the end user, the ability to receive snapshots through multiple messenger applications such as Telegram, is absolutely simplifying user alerts; just like a user would receive a ‘friendly photograph’ by his companion, his children, his parents, or his neighbour. Also, the option to customise alert preferences based on the camera, time or day, or manually using a simple command via Telegram, is one of the most user-friendly notification features that exists in the market.
Furthermore, the new 4 channel WiFi Relay further enhances the smart system, by adding more enhanced integration with the user’s security system, lights, and more. Using the Monitoreal Relay, users can create different rules that trigger actions based on the type of objects detected. For example, a user sets a rule to trigger the lights when a car is detected, to deter the person from entering; and if the person is still detected after some time, to then trigger the intruder alarm/siren/strobe.
To add to the aforementioned features, the Monitoreal device can communicate with many IoT technologies, by using Webhooks, through IFTTT applets; and even with well known VMS platforms, using necessary developed servers.
Compatibility – The compatibility with almost all brands is extraordinary. And for IP CCTV products that support ONVIF protocol, the search and set up process of the cameras can be fully automated. And if for any reason the camera is not automatically detected, the user/installer can set up the camera manually by using the IP address of the cameras. With that said, users may come across some challenges when setting up analog products. Using the RTSP or Snapshot URL, the device can communicate and receive pictures from analog cameras with surprisingly successful results. Of course in the analog systems, there can always be an exception based on low DVR specifications; but again, you can still make the most use of already installed devices or at least the cabling infrastructure, with is the most expensive part of a CCTV installation. As part of our recent tests, our algorithm tested successfully to detect a car and human using a 10 year old camera (650TVL).
New Sales Potential – Monitoreal is here to fill a gap in the residential and small commercial market. This is a market that includes the most end users with existing relationships with the majority of integrators and installers. And Monitoreal makes filling this gap possible with the previously mentioned benefits and offers the right product pricing and features to the market.
Additionally, this is a reliable product that requires limited labor hours and doesn’t require much upfront investment by the integrators. More importantly, it gives integrator partners a chance to monetise existing customer installs, which is an opportunity that not many manufacturers provide. Furthermore, continuous and free updates of the product makes it always current (not obsolete), as new market needs arise for things such as: new languages (Greek, Russian, German, Turkish etc), Covid Density control, and more.


With all the talk around about 4G and the wireless industry, before we can get into what is 4G and LTE Technology, let’s take a little trip down memory lane with the Mobile phone. We need to take a quick look at the evolution over the years that this technology has made.
This was known as the first generation of wireless. It was first introduced to the world in the 80’s and used an analog technology. It was where phones such as the brick phone or car phones would put out 3 watts of power for better range and a cellular tower could cover an area of about 40 to 50 miles without any issues due to the lack of data transmissions and the error correcting it requires, it was strictly used for voice phone calls. The phones were larger in size and a lot more durable.
Next came the second generation of wireless technology. This evolved came about in the early 90’s and was the introduction of digital such as TDMA, CDMA 1X and GSM GPRS came into the picture. This was when data on the phone began its existence. It was still very slow data but it was a beginning and the consumer started to have the options of surfing the internet while on the move. The phones got a lot smaller and due to the digital technology and the error corrections needed for data, coverage started to degrease on sites requiring carriers to deploy more sites for a particular area. It also is when the power on the phones started to degrease to allow for more battery life due to the sites were closer together and the signal not needing to travel as far.
***Note*** All Generations after this point were just developed to increase the speeds of data for the consumer and to allow them a better internet experience while on the move.
This generation was a bridge between 2G and 3G. It was basically a change made to the GSM technology moving it from GPRS to EDGE. This change increased the data speeds for customers.
Third Generation of Wireless was a major breakthrough with data speeds. With this generation speeds on devices move to as high as 3.1MB per second. It was when the development of CDMA EVDO was first introduced.
This generation was once again just a Bridge between 3G and 4G. it was the deployment of UMTS and HSPA+. Some wireless carriers advertise that HSPA+ is 4G but the ITU does not recognize this and considers it 3.5G.
Now let’s talk about the fourth generation of wireless technology. ITU states 4G is anything up to 100Mb per second. However they do state that they consider LTE to be 4G even though it doesn’t meet this requirement. LTE stands for Long Term Evolution and was a major breakthrough in data speeds. We are now seeing speeds up to approximately 22Mb per second or more. However, to support these speeds many things had to change as far as infrastructure for the carrier. You know have to have more band width to a cell site than ever imagined needing. This puts a big burden on carriers to support. If you think about it. If you have let’s say 10 customers on a site all wanting to do 22Mb per second, the carrier has to have 220MB of bandwidth just to that one site.
Due to this increase in bandwidth at both the cell site and at the switching locations, there has been a very limited deployment, to date, of this technology. The deployment will increase but as you can imagine it starts in the major cities and moves out as customer demand increases. Smaller communities may not see LTE deployed in their area for some time.
I must also mention there is one other form of 4G wireless technology that ITU recognizes and that is WiMax. WiMax has far superior data speeds for the consumer but there are major drawbacks for carriers such as the foot print the cell site covers from one location. They are very limited in coverage and thus require many more sites. Also very few of the major Wireless Carriers have opt to use this technology so roaming options are very limited.
There are two issues with 4G/LTE technology that the consumers should be aware of:
1) As wireless carriers are not held to any standard as far as advertising. Some carriers are actually still 3G or 3.5G with speeds but still advertise they are 4G. Some actually considered 3.5G to be 4G and thus confuse the consumer with their advertising. I have even seen carriers stating they are 4G but still sell the same phones and devices as when they were 3G.
2) Since all wireless carriers will now be using the same technology. It benefits the consumer by letting a phone work with different carriers but it also means that the smaller carriers that survive on roaming revenue can see that loss of revenue due to less roaming partners a carrier needs. That may force some of the smaller carriers out of business and that in itself is not good for consumers when it comes to competition.
In closing, as 4G and LTE still new to the consumer and the wireless industry, a lot of issues that may evolve have not all yet been discovered. Let’s just hope that this technology actually turns out to be as great as all the hype is over it in the world. Also let’s hope that since the speeds are so great and the costs to support those speeds are great to the carrier, that we don’t see data plan costs go up. We already see a lot of the carriers starting to implement limits and either charging you for going over or slowing you back down to 2G speeds when you reach your limit.
Posted in Misc Topics and tagged 4G, LTE (telecommunication), Time-Division Long-Term Evolution, WiMAXwith 1 comment.