Particle Count Operations
The particle count uses a laser diode as the illumination source and a photodiode as the detector. The particles are passed through a sensor. When particles are present within the sensor’s micro cell, the particles block the laser beam from the photodiode detector. The loss of laser light generates an electronic pulse for each particle. These pulses are proportional in amplitude to the light intensity or light extinction, which is a measure of the particle size. The particle counter identifies the quantity and the height of the pulses by sorting the pulses into bins with predefined pulse amplitude ranges. The data is transferred to digital numbers and printed. The results formulate the ISO (International Standards Organization) code fraction. This numerator is the measure of particles greater than 5 microns and the denominator is the measure of particles greater than 15 microns.
Importance of the Particle Count Test
The importance of particle count analysis includes: identification of solid material, identifying abnormal wear conditions, monitoring the effects of filtration, and measuring overall system cleanliness.
Back to Lab Services


The TAG Heuer Connected Modular SBF8A8001.10BF0608 Men’s AMOLED Touch Display Sandblasted Titanium with Black Mat Ceramic Bezel Smartwatch is a sleek timepiece perfect for those who want to keep fit and/or connected with a sophisticated-looking smartwatch. Nifty functions an athletic person would love in this smartwatch are its timer, chronograph, GPS, accelerometer, gyroscope, and tilt detection sensor. Along with this smartwatch comes the TAG Heuer Connected app that’ll allow you to customize your smartwatch for optimal utilization for your convenience. Through this smartwatch, you can get quick access to notifications from apps running on your phone right at your wrist. Your favorite apps can also be installed on here (according to compatibility). NFC payments can be made through this smartwatch as well. You can enjoy all those fantastic features and more in this smartwatch within its approximate 25-hour battery life. So if you’re a fitness buff or someone who always needs to keep in check, then grab this smartwatch for yourself.
Brand: TAG Heuer Series: Connected Modular Model: SBF8A8001.10BF0608 Gender: Male Movement: Swiss Quartz Water Resistant: 50 Meters Features: Multiple Finger Recognition, Powered by Intel and Atom Processors, 512 MB Main Memory, 4 GB Storage, Alarm, Timer, Chronograph, GPS, Accelerometer, Gyroscope, Tilt Detection Sensor, NFC, Microphone, Vibrations Haptics Engine, Bluetooth BLE 4.1, WiFi 2.4 GHz 802.11 B/G/N, 410 mAh Battery – Up to 25 Hours Average Battery Life within normal usage, 1 hr and 50 min Approximate Charging Time from a dead battery, Includes Charging Cable, TAG Heuer Connected App – app with features for leveraging your watch content, Compatible with Android 4.4+ (excluding Go Edition) or iOS 9.3+ – supported features may vary between platforms. To check compatibility with your phone, visit g.co/wearcheck.


Building and Construction Review is proud to feature JCB Lighting for our Commitment to Excellence Award, for the recent launch of its innovative range of Work Lights which are helping to revolutionise tasks in a wide range of applications.
These lights offer a ground-breaking lighting solution for everyday tasks and specialist operations, using the latest advancements in LED and Lithium-Ion technology. Offering a comprehensive range of portable and rechargeable lighting, JCB Work Lights are highly mobile and very easy to transport and store, helping to overcome the major trip hazard caused by trailing cables on-site and in working environments. The lights also provide a solution for off-grid and remote working, which can be difficult when a power source is not easily accessible.
“The range of work lights is supplied with one or two rechargeable batteries to allow for loop-charging,” explained Lindsay Newham, Marketing Manager. “You can easily get a day’s work out of the product, with the ability to get 12–14 hours of light from a single charge on some of the range. These are great for a range of applications, such as construction, industrial, inspection, events, maintenance, security, hire and rental. They’re ideal for roadside assistance – the lights can be fitted onto a tripod to allow for a stable light source in the event of a vehicle breakdown.”
Indeed, as well as these exceptional levels of versatility and portability, the work lights feature a highly robust and rugged design, as well as IP65 rating to ensure resistance to adverse weather conditions, dust ingress and water jets, providing a solution for multiple applications. The range offers dimmable lighting with options for 100% and 50% brightness, and it is complemented by a selection of accessories, including the previously mentioned tripod, as well as additional batteries, chargers and cables. What’s more, all products come with a three-year warranty, for extra peace of mind.
The LED Rechargeable Floodlights are available in 20W and 40W versions, offering up to 4000lm light output. They come with either one 22.2V battery or two 7.4V batteries, to deliver a runtime of up to seven hours from a three to four hour charge time per battery. What’s more, the Floodlights offer a powerful magnetic base for ultimate stability and flexibility when working, as well as having a hook design handle for adaptability. In addition, JCB offers LED Rechargeable Power Lights, available in 10W, 20W and 40W versions, offering up to 4000lm light output. With either two 22.2V batteries or two 7.4V batteries, the Power Lights offer a runtime of up to 14 hours from a three to four hour charge time. They also feature a discharging battery indicator with indicator lights that turn off one by one during discharge, to ensure the user can easily see how much power they have left. The lights also have a quick release for the adjustable head and an adjustable tripod fixed wing screw.
The third version of JCB’s range is the LED Rechargeable Industrial Task Lights. These are available in 30W and 50W versions offering up to 4000lm light output. These Industrial Task Lights are available with either an 11.1V or 14.8V fixed battery, delivering a runtime of up to eight hours from a four to six hour charge time. The product is also supplied with a sturdy mounting bracket and has a 100% or 50% mode for brightness.
Finally, JCB offers the unique LED Rechargeable Task Lights, which are available as a 5W version offering 600lm light output. The product is supplied with a fixed 3.7V battery to deliver a runtime of up to three and a half hours. This convenient task light has a magnetic base for flexibility when working and offers 100%, 50% and SOS Flash lighting functions. The Task Light also has a USB output suitable for charging mobiles phone when you are away from a power source.
Certainly, JCB Work Lights are offering an excellent solution for workers in a variety of industries. Thanks to its LED technology and Lithium-Ion batteries, these lights help to save energy and offer an eco-friendly option to help ease your everyday tasks, inspections or emergency situations.
If you would like to find out more information on the full range of benefits of JCB Work Lights, don’t hesitate to get in touch using the contact details below.
T 01246 432325


The recent collapse of honeybee colonies has been the cause for much justifiable alarm and all sorts of speculation ranging from pesticides to (of all things) cellphones.
Now it appears that the actual culprits may have been found.....
Using a new technology called the Integrated Virus Detection System (IVDS), which was designed for military use to rapidly screen samples for pathogens, ECBC scientists last week isolated the presence of viral and parasitic pathogens that may be contributing to the honeybee loss.
Confirmation testing was conducted over the weekend by scientists at the University of California San Francisco. ECBC scientists presented the results of their studies yesterday to a United States Department of Agriculture working group, hastily convened to determine next steps.
The article says a parasite and a virus...this would make sense. If the two recently developed a symbiotic relationship or are just hitting the bees at the same time they could have overwhelmed the bees immune systems. More in this article, which identifies the parasite as Nosema ceranae.
While the situation is still dire, if this is in fact the culprit it is a bit of good news. Some treatment may be able to be devised, at least for domestic beehives.
Even if this is not the culprit, the fact that the Integrated Virus Detection System detected these pathogens indicates that the Pentagons biowarfare sensor methods are at least on the right track.
And that is quite good news.


I asked the Kodak technical representative, "What is the grain size of your DF-58 intraoral X-ray film?
sukani stare baby s chlupatou kundou
Info-imaging unites three closely related imaging markets that enable people to more easily take and share images as information: devices, such as digital cameras and x-ray systems; infrastructure.
For more information please call 1-800-546-3560. . We can help you offer cutting-edge solutions to your patients such as Schick Intraoral Digital X-Ray and Intraoral Camera technology. . Kodak PracticeWorks MS Office 2003
Minor beta and release updates for current Apteryx software applications. . Carestream Dental (Kodak). Schick Technologies Intraoral Digital X-Ray Sensors.. DCV Imaging Devices
Carestream provides dental and medical imaging systems; healthcare information technology; non-destructive testing x-ray systems; and advanced materials for precision film markets.. Digital Intraoral Sensors
Nationally specified dental intraoral camera manufacturer and wholesaler providing safe and secure wireless intraoral camera，kodak intraoral camera，dental intraoral camera,intraoral digital camera,intraoral camera usb with.
. has been a great for our new practice. We have three dental operatory tables and the Nomad allows us to perform dental x-rays at each station without having a cumbersome wall or ceiling mounted x-ray unit at each table.
An intraoral system with a half-wave, rectified x-ray generator is recommended for facilities that desire a system for routine dental radiography; the SID should be about 200 mm standard.
Kodak 2100 / 2200 Intraoral X-Ray Systems SN: začínající WE, WF, WG, WH, WI, WJ, WK, WL, XA, XB, XC, XD, XE, XF, XG, XH,XI, XJ, XK, XL, YA, YB, YC, YD ukotvené na stěnu a WE, WF, WG, WH, WI, WJ, WK, WL, XA.
Use a single dental imaging software package to simplify your practice’s workflow. Apteryx delivers state-of-the-art, open architecture imaging software for digital X-ray sensors, intraoral cameras, extraoral cameras and scanners.


How is GPS helpful in tracking a phone
The GPS, or Global Positioning System, has been operational since 1973. It functions through an intricate network of satellites in the orbit. This satellites help in determining the location as well as the present time of the device. Today, this cannot be called a niche technology as almost everyone possesses mobile phones and tablets with integrated GPS tracking in it. The Federal Commission has made it mandatory for smartphones to have GPS tracking capabilities.
Every person should look for GPS enabled smartphones. This technology can help in tracing and recovering a misplaced or lost phone. Here are some instances where cell phone GPS tracking will spare the owner from unwanted hassles and troubles.
Recovering sensitive data stored on cell phones: Regardless of whether a phone is used for business purposes, losing it can lead to a host of troubles. It not only costs a substantial amount of money to replace it, but can also expose sensitive information. Cellphone tracking can show you exactly where your phone is so that it can be recovered without further delay. There are also service providers that allow you to lock your device or wipe out sensitive information. This way, you can rest assured that your data and information are absolutely safe.
Improving customer service of delivery companies: Many delivery enterprises are also using GPS enabled cell phones. Tracking cell phones of employees can help the business owner trace his employees. This can aid in finding out whether they are performing their job diligently or not. The person in charge can effortlessly check whether the staff are at their desired locations. This helps to refine procedures for bettering customer service. The business can also let the customers know the exact location of their parcel and an estimated time of delivery.
Tracking children: As a responsible parent, you should always know the whereabouts of your kids. But sometimes children may be errant and not inform their parents. Today, most kids have mobile phones which they rarely put down. Tracking a cell phone will enable you to know where exactly your kids are. You don’t have to worry where they are and you can easily find them in emergency situations.
Cost Effectiveness: For some vehicle fleets used in business, the overall cost of installing GPS trackers in the vehicles can be very expensive. On the other hand, installing a cell phone tracking system can be much cheaper. Since most cell phones manufactured in recent years are GPS enabled, you will simply have to activate the device.
Almost every individual in the United States possesses a smartphone. These mobile communication devices are now crucial for both businesses and individual consumers. The advancement of mobile technologies and GPS continues to offer a host of advantages to smartphone users.


Preliminary Program of Technical Sessions
TIP: use the Find function of your browser (CTRL+F) with your paper number to localize your paper in the program.
|This web site hosted at:||The Autonomous Systems Laboratory of the Institute of Systems Ingineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology - Lausanne (E.P.F.L.)|
|Last modified:||Thursday 01st 1970f January 1970 (01:00:00 CET)|


Three students at the University of Alabama in Huntsville have "taught" a robot the moves to the "Gangnam Style" dance craze.
The students -- Roslyn Brown of Huntsville, Heather Helton of Hazel Green and A.C. Thomas of St. Thomas in the Virgin Islands -- have helped create an Android application to control the robot's movements. They are part of a master's degree class in software engineering that have developed the app.
The movements are controlled "through the tilt screen with video feedback from the robot's camera, through manual movements the robot can perform (head, arms, legs, hands), create movement sequences to piece together movements, and a unique demo functionality that allows the robot to show his range of motion by dancing," Helton told the UA System Board of Trustees when the robot made his debut at a meeting earlier this month.
The "Gangnam Style" dance, of course, comes from Korean artist Psy. The music video for the song has gone viral worldwide, having been viewed more than 1.5 billion times on You Tube.
The robot performed the "Gangnam Style" dance for the trustees. The school released the dance video today.
At the beginning of his presentation, UAH President Robert Altenkirch handled the introduction of the robot to the trustees.
"As you have noticed, a member of our campus has joined us, a teacher you could say," Altenkirch said. "This robot is used as part of the curriculum in our electrical and computer engineering department.
"The addition of this robot to our classroom instruction gives our students improved hands-on experience in writing software code and experimenting with creating movements for this device."
Updated today, April 26, 2013, at 10:42 a.m. with correction that robot did perform dance at trustees meeting.
Follow me on Twitter @paul_gattis


CWTS B.V. combines the powerful techniques of network analysis, text mining and visualisation to provide its clients with customised and sophisticated bibliometric analyses for highly strategic purposes. All our analyses are fully supported by pre-developed techniques and tools, such as VOSviewer, which is a science mapping and network analysis application developed in-house.
Science Mapping Analysis
Science mapping analysis visually represents the scientific activities (i.e. research focus) of a country, organisation or journal and particularly reveals its strengths and weaknesses. VOSviewer is our software tool of choice for constructing and visualising bibliometric networks. These visual representations allow complex analyses to be reported in an intuitive manner. Similar analyses can be carried out for a specific scientific field or sub-field of interest.
SPR analysis (strength, promising and risk area analysis)
In the SPR analysis we help research units with (re-)formulating research programmes, setting priorities and develop strategic visions. We position the current activities within a global structure of all science at a level of high granularity. Our CWTS publication-based classification system of science groups the full spectrum of published research – any bibliographic database of choice – into approximately 4,000 fields based on direct citation links. To identify research strengths, promising research areas or risk areas, conventional journal-based classification systems will not suffice. We have created a framework that resonates well with research unit management.
We also experience a good match with funding bodies and national science boards: e.g. to determine where emerging interdisciplinary research themes are. What are strong research areas and who are the prolific or influential actors? Which research area shows a strong connection to regional or international companies? The SPR-analysis provides a rich platform of insights to support strategic decision making.
Societal impact ABC-analysis
To monitor how your scientific research is relevant to society, CWTS measures societal impact through area-based connectedness (ABC-analysis). In this analytical approach, CWTS assesses the potential contribution research has on society looking at the collective effort, i.e. at the community (topic, research area) level.
We quantify the relation between societal issues and research by looking at existing traces in output and signals between R&D output and society. A research area is more connected to society than another when these traces or signals are stronger/denser. The signals CWTS picks up to monitor connectedness, differ from one area to the other. In this approach, the following signals retrieved from Web of Science and external sources, are used: co-authorships with companies, patent citations, references by policy documents, news items and mentions on Twitter.
Benchmark identification locates relevant academic institutes for a proper international comparative perspective in a scientometric performance analysis. CWTS has refined methods to identify globally both similar academic institutions as well as academic institutions with specific set parameters.
How can we help you?
Please provide us with some details about your request and we will get in touch with you.


Inventer of Inferred technology - - Frederick William Herschel 11/15/1738 - 8/25/1822
Current thermal imagers are based on technology that was originally developed for the military. Thermal imaging technology provides the ability to see and target opposing forces through the dark of night or across a smoke-covered battleground. The properties that have made infrared detection valuable to military services around the world
also make it valuable to fire services and law enforcement. in the late 1950s and 1960s, Texas Instruments, Hughes Aircraft, and Honeywell developed single element detectors that scanned scenes and produced line images. The military had a lock on the technology because it was expensive and had sensitive military applications. These basic detectors led to the development of modern thermal imaging. The pyroelectric vidicon tube was developed by Philips and EEV in the 1970s and became the core of a new product for firefighting, first used by the Royal Navy for shipboard firefighting.
In 1978, Raytheon R&D group, then part of Texas Instruments, patented ferroelectric infrared detectors, using barium strontium titanate (BST).
BST is the material that coats the thermal imager’s sensor. Raytheon first demonstrated the technology to the military in 1979. In the late 1980s, the federal government awarded HIDAD (HIgh-Density Array Development) contracts to both Raytheon and Honeywell for the development of thermal imaging technology for practical military applications. Raytheon went on to commercialize BST technology, while Honeywell developed vanadium oxide (VOx) microbolometer technology. Later federal programs such as LOCUSP (Low Cost Uncooled Sensor Program) provided funding for both companies to develop their thermal imaging technologies into equipment systems, including rifle sites and drivers’ viewers. After the 1991 Gulf War, production volumes increased and costs decreased, and so introduction of thermal imaging to the fire service ensued. In late 2004, Raytheon’s Commercial Infrared Division was sold to L-3 Communications.
Meanwhile, the Honeywell microbolometer patent was awarded in 1994. Boeing, Lockheed-Martin (who sold it's infrared business to British Aerospace, or BAE), and others licensed VOx technology from Honeywell and developed infrared detectors for military applications. Thermal imagers based on both BST and microbolometer technologies are available now for non-military applications. In fact, thermal imaging has now expanded to be used in firefighting, law enforcement, industrial applications, security, transportation and many other industries. Bullard introduced it’s first thermal imager specifically designed for fire fighting in 1998.


The Malvankar lab investigates the structures, functions, and electron transfer mechanisms of protein nanowires to understand how bacteria breathe in anoxic environments. Their studies address how bacteria employ electrical charges to carry out several key processes such as respiration, cell-to-cell communication and attachment to host surfaces to cause infections. The Malvankar group has found that soil bacteria Geobacter use hair-like appendages called pili as “microbial nanowires” to export electrons outside their cell body for extracellular respiration (Nature Nano 2011) and to share nutrients and energy (Science 2010). They have also developed a new charge imaging technique to visualize electron exchange among bacteria (Nature Nano 2014).
Dr. Malvankar’s research employs a broad range of imaging and measurement methods (e.g. scanning probe microscopy, nanofabrication, electron microscopy, low-level electrical signal measurements) to identify biophysical principles underlying key microbial processes. Current projects include quantitative imaging of electron transfer among bacterial proteins during respiration and cell-to-cell communication as well as measurements of forces involved in bacterial adhesion to the host surfaces during infection.
Please also view Dr. Malvankar’s publications, reflecting the valuable contributions of current and former lab members.


Ahmed Barnawi is an associate professor at the Faculty of Computing and IT, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, where he works since 2007. He received PhD at the University of Bradford, UK in 2006. He was visiting professor at the University of Calgary in 2009. His research areas are cellular and mobile communications, mobile ad hoc and sensor networks, cognitive radio networks and security. He received three strategic research grants and registered two patents in the US. He is IEEE member.


Bella & Chloe Lightbox
Product Designer (Apr — Jul 2014)
Shortly after starting at Bella & Chloe as a product photographer, I gained the opportunity to help lead in the design of a new storefront, and re-invent the photography process in a way that prioritized quality over quantity.
A key component of that goal was the need to produce high-quality product photography while maintaining a far more rapid pace than you would find in most professional product photography settings.
In order to accomplish this, I set out to design my own custom photography light box.
Research & Testing
While researching ways to improve the process, we first found a company selling 360 degree photography light boxes and bought one.
Ultimately their software was too slow for our needs, and was ultimately built for entirely different needs. Not to mention the price was prohibitively high.
We tested the light box for about a month, and researched other options. We came to the conclusion that what we needed was a not on the market. What we needed was something similar, but with much of the unnecessary technology stripped away and the cost substantially lowered.
This is when I set out to reverse engineer the light box, and completely rebuild my own version of it at one quarter the cost. With the software controls replaced with manual potentiometers, the boxes would be much faster to use.
Before anything else, I wanted to know how the machine worked. So I dismantled it, studied the wiring, PCB, and all the part numbers on all of the surface-mounted chips. I looked at textbooks and researched online.
Going into this, I didn’t know much of anything about electrical circuits, coming out I felt like an amateur electrical engineer.
Planning & Modeling
Once I had a rough idea of how it worked, I made a list of the functions we needed the new box to perform. We needed the same seamless walls of light, manual controls, and three form factors to accommodate vastly different types of jewelry.
While the electrical parts shipped, I got to work modeling the body
I measured every flat edge and panel on the device and made paper models to test if the parts would fold together properly. I then drew vector files of all of these parts that I would later use to cut sheets of plastic panels. I created more complicated parts with CAD software that I could later print with a 3D printer.
Large sheets of plastic were cut down to the panels and placed together. The hinges and other oddly shaped parts were 3D printed from CAD models. Once the entire housing was assembled, I moved on to the electrical components.
Before I could move onto anything else, I tested my if circuit diagrams actually worked using perfboard. Once I knew what I needed, I was able to calculate the amount power needed for the entire unit.
But the amount of power I would need was prohibitively high, and the heat generated would be dangerous. So I had to study a bit more about electrical engineering.
After consulting some electrical engineers, I learned that I needed to use gating to provide more efficient power supply to the diodes. There was the hardware solution using MOSFETS, or there was the cheaper programmable solution using Arduinos. Both of these options were too complex for me, so I found an electrical engineer that I could outsource that task to.
As for the LED circuit boards themselves, I used an etching process that started with a printed mask, spray-paint and a laser cutter. The SMDs were hand-soldered to the board. This process was based on what you might find in industrial scale electronics, but was problematic due to imperfect hand-soldering of tiny surface mounted diodes and the effect of heat on the spray paint.
This is when I came to the conclusion that ordering manufactured LED boards was necessary, and hand-soldering would sacrifice reliability where it saved in cost.
In the end I had a successful working prototype. I was still under my budget, and had calculated that the final product would be much cheaper than initially anticipated.
Unfortunately, there were some changes in priority, and I returned to taking photography with the more expensive light box we purchased and refining workflow.


Check our Latest Premium Products & Devices Including Top German Technologies
COBRA GX 8000
COBRA GX 8000 metal detector is an all in one device for gold detection, metal detection, treasure hunting and prospecting that meet the needs of all treasure hunters and professional prospectors around the world.
MEGA G3 is a second release of Mega Detection technology, a most powerful technology in the field of detection of gold treasures and precious metals and even diamonds.
MEGA SCAN PRO
Mega Scan Pro a most powerful gold & metal detection device, that has been developed exclusively to meet the needs of gold and precious metals prospectors.
MEGA DIAMOND LOCATOR
MEGA Diamond Locator is the latest technology to detect diamonds and gems, which can work within all terrain to capture the smallest sizes of gems from long distances.
Precise technology to detect targets like gold treasures and diamonds in all terrains. Mega Gold is the recommended choice for an amateur and professional prospector.
MEGA DETECTION 2020
Latest Products From Mega Locators That Will Be Released Soon


There are numerous positive aspects to a career in pc engineering. This field is continually growing and new areas of research emerge each day. There are software program engineers, hardware engineers, and networking technicians. All of these positions require an in-depth familiarity with various pieces of a computer. As a result, a components engineer must be allowed to analyze and interpret https://www.managers-work.com/part-time-jobs-as-an-it-specialist-for-students/ test info to find flaws. In addition to being knowledgeable about various software and hardware components, a hardware engineer should also experience good conversation skills.
Laptop engineers ought to be skilled in developing and deploying several personal computers and sites. Many organizations need pc engineers to design computer systems and network infrastructures, install fresh components, and upgrade outdated ones. During a career in this field, technicians are expected to test hardware and software. They have to be able to job independently and possess the patience to know new systems. The following are a few benefits of a job in computer engineering.
Work satisfaction is definitely the result of fully understand one’s work matters and makes a difference on the globe. People fork out a lot of time at your workplace, and they wish to believe that their period is not wasted. In contrast, computer designers can easily rest easy in the knowledge that their work is making a difference in the world. As these engineers are often those people creating the technology for the future, they’re sought after. And start, they can like excellent pay off.


If you look at your light fittings, you’ll probably see that it’s housing an E27 bulb – if you’ve already gone LED that is. E27 LED light bulbs are also known as Edison bulbs. It has a large screw socket, which is 27mm, and that’s what gives the bulb its name. The E27 is a screw socket and E27 LED bulbs will always fit your socket, even if the size and shape of the light bulb changes dramatically.
What can you do with an E27 light bulb?
Known as the Edison bulb because it looks like the traditional bulb you’d associate with a lightbulb moment, that’s only part of the story of the E27. E27 LED light bulbs come in many different shapes and sizes, offering you lots of options for use around your home. E27 LED bulbs can be found in ball, globe, stick, pear, candle and tubular shape. Effortlessly versatile, the E27 light bulb can even set the tone for your room. Coming in a range of retro styles, E27 light bulbs have a range of funky shapes, coloured glass finishes and filaments – just as with an old-fashioned lightbulb. Bright Light Unlike traditional or halogen bulbs that have their brightness described in terms of watts, E27 and other LED light bulbs are described in lumens. LEDs are more energy efficient because they are able to use more or their energy in the light that they make, rather than the incidental heat lost through the bulb. The savings that can be made through swapping to E27 light bulbs are considerable. Not only can you cut your energy bills at the point of using the light, but it also means that you are reducing the amount of power needed to make the electricity that you’re using. This passes energy savings – both in terms of money used to make power and in the cost to the planet – down the power production line.
Quick, Easy and Powerful
You can simply swap lightbulbs yourself. Changing is as straightforward as screwing an E27 light bulb into the correct fitting. At the Pendant Lighting Company, we have an exciting and diverse range of E27 LED light bulbs to choose from. And with fast and reliable delivery from our UK base, you’ll be under a different, more cost-effective spotlight in days.


Tips when Installing CCTV Security
If you think of installing the CCTV security cameras in your home or the office it is important to factor in some important consideration because this will be about your security. You have to sit down and evaluate if you have the right budget to install the CCTV security cameras and ensure that you do the right research so that you can install the right cameras. To learn more about CCTV System, click Dahua CCTV Distributor
. Security cameras have been used for a long time, and they continue to still be used as one of the best tools to provide security by most homeowners. There are various types of the security cameras that homeowners can choose from. They come in various types that are going to suite the homeowners' specific needs. With the many options available, it is necessary to know what is best suitable for you. There are some helpful tips that can be helpful when you are selecting the right CCTV security camera.
First you need to know what the purpose of installing the CCTV security is, but you have to identify the exact purpose. This is important because the camera that you install in your office or what your friend's house has would not be the right one for your use. This means that you have to consider what you really need before you buy the most suitable camera. Having a clear objective will help you to determine the features that you want on the CCTV camera have. The right features can include the focal requirement, picture resolution the storage requirement among others.
The other thing is to know what equipment will be required. The CCTV systems can be made of a single camera and hardware or it can be software based an image recording system. Initially the CCTV cameras could only operate by transmitting the analogue signals using the cables to a location where they are then recorded. In the recent times the options available are sophisticated and the signals are transmitted over the IP networks. To learn more about CCTV System, visit Samsung CCTV AbuDhabi
. The choice of the CCTV cameras that you select will largely depend on the coverage of the area you need the camera to monitor.
You have to consider the recording options. Your images can either be secured in a DVR, even camera itself or your computer. Internet protocols cameras generate images that are digital, but the analogue cameras will generate images that are digitized and before secured. When you choose the DVRs it has the capability to keep records fore more than one channel. You will also have limitations, on the various types of cameras on the number of cameras that you need. You also have to decide if you need fixed or the moving cameras.


Latitude E6230 compact laptop
12.5″ LED display
Aluminum and magnesium construction, hinges made of metal, very secure.
2 USB 3.0 ports, pule VGA and HDMI
Very small and light, but with big performance.
Intel Core i7 @ 2.9Ghz
4gb mem, 256 SSD drive
MS Office 2016 full working suite
Battery is low, works for a short time, but replacement batteries are cheap.


Table of Contents
Best ACs to buy in india 2023:
As global climate change continues to affect the world worldwide, temperatures are rising. Air conditioning is now an essential requirement for many locations; however, finding one that meets your needs may take time and effort with the many models and brands in the market. This article provides a comprehensive review of the most popular models of air conditioners for 2023 to help you make an informed choice.
Best 1-ton 5-star ACs available in 2023.
If you are looking for the best 1-ton 5-star AC in 2023, a wide range of models are available in the marketplace. It can be a challenge with so many options to choose from. To help you make the decision easier, we’ve created this list of our top five suggested 1-ton 5-star ACs to be used in 2023.
|Price (as of March 2023)
|Voltas 1 Ton 5 Star Adjustable Inverter Split AC 2023 Model
|Adjustable temperature, Copper Condenser, Dust filter
|Check Price on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3JI0b0d
|Samsung 1 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC 2023 Model
|Integrated Stabilizer, Digital Compressor, Antibacterial Coating
|Check Price on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3JA0rye
|Panasonic 1 Ton 5 Star Wi-Fi Inverter Smart Split AC 2023 Model
|Wi-Fi Inverter, PM 2.5 filter, Copper Condenser, Integrated Stabilizer
|Check Price on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3JxD0VY
|Daikin 1 Ton 5 Star Triple Display Inverter Split AC 2023 Model
|Three-dimensional display, Dew Clean Technology, Copper Condenser, Integrated Stabilizer
|Check Price on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3yxUD1S
|LG 1 Ton 5 Star AI DUAL Inverter Split AC 2023 Model
|AI DUAL Inverter Technology, Copper Condenser, Integrated Stabilizer
|Check Price on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3LhpV4p
Voltas 1 Ton 5 Star Adjustable Inverter Split AC(125V VECTRA ELITE, 2023 Model).
Its Voltas 1 Ton 5 Star AC is an excellent choice for small and medium-sized rooms. It has an inverter with an adjustable temperature, meaning you can adjust the temperature to meet your preferences. Additionally, thanks to the 5-star ratings and energy-efficient design, this AC will also help reduce your electric costs! It also comes with a 120V VECTRA ElITE 2023 Model dust filter that ensures clean air throughout the room and a copper condenser that provides durability for a long time.
Samsung 1 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC (2023 Model AR12CY5ZAGD)
This model that is energy-efficient and has five stars is another option that is energy efficient. It comes with an integrated stabilizer that works smoothly when voltage fluctuation occurs. Additionally, the digital compressor can maintain temperature, even at extreme temperatures, while its antibacterial coating helps keep the air inside clean and healthy.
Panasonic 1 Ton 5 Star Wi-Fi Inverter Smart Split AC (CS/CU-NU12YKY5W,2023 Model, White).
This Panasonic 1 Ton 5 Star AC includes a Wi-Fi inverter, so you can manage the temperature using your smartphone. It’s earned a 5-star energy rating and features the PM 2.5 filter that ensures air quality that is clean in the space. In addition, its copper condenser is durable and an integrated stabilizer that works smoothly even in the event of voltage fluctuation.
Daikin 1 Ton 5 Star Triple Display Inverter Split AC (2022, FTKM35U)
This Daikin 1 Ton 5 Star AC has a three-dimensional display that makes checking the temperature, humidity, and speed control simple. With the 5-star rating of the Daikin 1 Ton 5 Star AC and Dew Clean Technology, this energy-efficient AC will ensure that the air inside your home remains healthy and clean. Additionally, the copper condenser will last for a long time, and an integrated stabilizer will function smoothly even in the event of voltage fluctuation.
LG 1 Ton 5 Star AI DUAL Inverter Split AC (2023 Model, RS-Q14YNZE)
This LG 1 Ton 5 Star AC features AI DUAL Inverter Technology to keep temperatures constant at extreme temperatures. This energy-efficient AC assures healthy and clean Indoor air is healthy and clean. Additionally, the copper condenser ensures long-lasting performance and is an integrated stabiliser that works effortlessly even through variations in voltage.
Best 1-ton 3-star ACs available in 2023.
If you want cost-effective cooling solutions for small offices or rooms, 1-ton 3-star ACs could be the ideal choice. They provide efficient cooling and keep energy costs kept under wraps. To help you choose the most efficient 1-ton 3-star AC models for 2023, we’ve put together our top 4 suggestions based on user reviews, features, and performance.
|1 Ton 3 Star Inverter
|Dual-inverter compressor for rapid cooling, Ocean Black Protection to prevent corrosion and rusting, energy-efficient operation through inverter compressor technology
|1 Ton 3 Star
|Copper condenser coils for efficient and durable cooling, active dehumidifier to adjust cooling based on humidity levels in the room
|1 Ton 3 Star
|Inverter compressor for efficient and energy-saving operation, copper condenser coils for efficient cooling, PM 2.5 filter for air purification
|1 Ton 3 Star
|Inverter compressor for energy-efficient cooling, copper condenser coils for efficient cooling and easy maintenance, refrigerant leakage detection device for added safety and security
LG 1 Ton 3 Star Inverter Split AC
This LG 1 Ton 3 Star Inverter Split AC is a favorite choice among consumers looking for a low-energy air conditioner. It has a 3-star energy rating and an inverter compressor that adjusts the cooling temperature according to the room temperature. This unit offers effective cooling and cuts energy use.
The AC has a quiet dual-inverter compressor that offers quicker cooling. LG’s unique Ocean Black Protection shields the unit from harmful contaminants, dust, and saltwater intrusion. This makes it ideal for coastal environments.
Voltas 1 Ton 3 Star Split AC
Its Voltas 1-Ton 3 Star AC can be cost-effective and energy-efficient for smaller rooms. It comes with a 3-star energy rating and the ability to cool rooms in high ambient temperatures, which can efficiently cool rooms with temperatures as high as fifty degrees Celsius.
The AC comes with copper condenser coils for effective cooling that is durable and simple to maintain. It also comes with an active dehumidifier, which can detect the humidity in the indoor environment and adjust the cooling accordingly.
Daikin 1 Ton 3 Star Split AC
Its Daikin 1 Ton 3 Star Split AC is a top-of-the-line air conditioner with durable cooling and energy efficiency. It has a 3-star energy rating and an inverter compressor that regulates cooling based on ambient temperature. The air conditioner can reduce energy usage by adjusting the cooling to ambient temperature.
This air conditioner comes with copper condenser coils that provide efficient cooling while being durable and simple to maintain. It also comes with a PM 2.5 filter for air purification, which removes dust, pollen, and other dangerous particles from the air.
Carrier 1 Ton 3 Star Split AC
Its Carrier 1 Ton 3 Star Split AC is an efficient and reliable air conditioner with a three-star energy rating. It has an inverter compressor that adjusts the cooling according to temperature, reducing energy usage.
The air conditioner comes with copper condenser coils that provide efficient cooling while being robust and simple to maintain. In addition, it has a refrigerant leakage detection device that will detect and stop the leakage of refrigerant, ensuring the security, safety, and operation of the AC.
The best 1-ton 3-star AC for your small space or office is a challenge due to the variety of models on the market. Consider things such as energy efficiency, durability, noise levels, and features such as an inverter compressor and purifying air filters. You’ll be able to find an AC that will meet your demands and your budget.
Best 1.5-ton 5-star ACs available in 2023.
Summer is coming, which means that cooling systems for summer are highly sought-after! For a lot of Indian households but the 1.5-ton 5-star AC will be the most suitable because its size and efficiency are ideal for cooling the standard space while delivering incredible energy efficiency. In this article, we’ll take an in-depth review of some of the best 1.5-ton 5-star ACs available in 2023.
|1.5 Ton 5 Star
|Himalaya Cool Technology for rapid and efficient cooling, inverter compressor adjusts temperature to save energy
|1.5 Ton 5 Star
|Coanda airflow function to distribute cool air effectively, inverter compressor adjusts cooling capacity to save energy
|1.5 Ton 5 Star
|Triple Inverter Technology for faster cooling, less noise, and longer life span, inverter compressor saves energy
|1.5 Ton 5 Star
|Four-way auto Louver feature for efficient circulation of cool air, inverter compressor adjusts capacity to save energy
LG 1.5 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC
This LG 1.5 Ton Five Star Inverter Split AC is an ideal choice for an energy-efficient and powerful air conditioner. With a rating of five stars for energy efficiency, it is an AC that uses minimal electricity. Additionally, the inverter compressor can adjust its temperature to match the temperatures in the room, so you can conserve energy while you work at peak efficiency. It also has dual inverter compressors to provide more efficient cooling, lower noise levels, long-lasting durability, and more – not forgetting Himalaya Cool Technology which rapidly and efficiently cools the space’s surroundings!
Daikin 1.5 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC
If you’re looking for an energy-efficient air conditioner that consumes less electricity, Daikin 1.5 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC is a fantastic alternative. This AC has an energy rating of 5 stars, drawing very little energy while operating at its peak and conserving energy. Additionally, the inverter compressor can adjust the cooling capacity based on the room’s temperature to ensure efficiency and energy efficiency. The AC also has a Coanda airflow function that allows cool air to be distributed across the room effectively and helps save resources.
Samsung 1.5 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC
Samsung 1.5 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC is the ideal option for an efficient and energy-efficient air conditioner. It is five stars in energy efficiency, which means it uses a minimal amount of power consumption. Additionally, its inverter compressor can adjust the temperature according to the room’s temperature so that the AC is efficient and helps save energy. This model also comes with the unique Triple Inverter Technology, which provides speedier cooling, less sound levels, and a longer life span.
Voltas 1.5 Ton 5 Star Inverter Split AC
If you’re looking for an energy-efficient air conditioner that conserves energy, then the Voltas 1.5 Ton 5-Star Inverter Split AC is an excellent choice. It is rated with a five-star energy rating, which means that it requires a minimal amount of energy. It comes with an inverter compressor that adjusts capacity based on room temperature, giving you the best efficiency while reducing energy consumption. In addition, the AC comes with an exclusive four-way auto Louver feature, which ensures the circulation of cool air through the entire room efficiently.
Best 1.5-ton 3-star ACs available in 2023.
If you are looking for the best 1.5-ton 3-star AC in 2023, a wide range of models are available in the marketplace. It can be a challenge with so many options to choose from. To help you make the decision easier, we’ve created this list of our top 3 suggested 1.5-ton 3-star ACs to be used in 2023.
|Dual Inverter, Ocean Black Fin, Smart Diagnosis
|High Ambient Filters, Sleep Mode
|Air Purifier, Sleep Mode
LG 1.5 Ton 3 Star Inverter Split AC (KS-Q18ENXA)
Its model LG KS-Q18ENXA is a great choice for those looking for a top-performing 1.5-ton AC with 3-star ratings. Its rating is three stars, and features an inverter compressor that provides efficient and energy-efficient cooling. With 5180 W power, the AC efficiently cools large spaces. It also comes with features such as dual inverters, ocean blackfin, and smart diagnosis that help ensure the highest efficiency.
Voltas 1.5 Ton 3 Star Split AC (183VCZJ)
Voltas has become a well-established name in the field of air conditioners. Their 183VCZJ model is the perfect choice for anyone looking for a 1.5-ton 3-star AC. The AC has 5100 W of cooling power which makes it suitable for bigger rooms, and features such as air conditioning with high levels of ambient filters to prevent dust in addition to sleep mode.
Carrier 1.5 Ton 3 Star Split AC (CAS18EK3R30F0)
This Carrier model is a stunning 1.5-ton 3-star AC option for sale. With an impressive capacity for cooling of 5175 W and a rating of 3 stars, the AC comes with an energy-efficient inverter compressor, air purifier, and sleep mode options to provide added comfort.
The selection of the right air conditioner is essential, especially regarding energy efficiency and cooling capacity. The following list of 3 top suggested 1.5-ton three-star AC models used in 2023 will assist you in making an informed choice. Make sure to consider the size of your room, energy efficiency, and budget when you make the final decision.
Frequently asked questions (FAQs) about air conditioners (ACs):
How do I choose the right size AC for my room?
It is important to choose an AC with the right size for your room. An AC’s cooling capacity is measured in British Thermal Units (BTUs) or Ton. As a general rule of thumb, a 1-ton AC is suitable for a room up to 120 square feet, a 1.5-ton AC for a room up to 180 square feet, and a 2-ton AC for a room up to 240 square feet. However, other factors such as the room’s height, insulation, and the number of occupants may also affect the cooling capacity required. It is best to consult with an HVAC professional to determine the appropriate size for your room.
What is the ideal temperature setting for an AC?
The ideal temperature to set an AC to depends on personal preference and the outside temperature. The recommended temperature range for an AC is between 24-26 degrees Celsius in summers. However, some people prefer a slightly cooler or warmer temperature based on their comfort level. It’s important not to set the temperature too low, as this can cause the AC to consume more energy and result in higher electricity bills
How often should I clean my AC filters?
The AC filters should be cleaned or replaced at least once every three months or as recommended by the manufacturer. Dirty filters can reduce the airflow and affect the AC’s performance, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
How do I maintain my AC?
Regular maintenance is important to ensure that your AC operates efficiently and lasts longer. You can perform some basic maintenance tasks such as cleaning or replacing the filters, cleaning the coils, and checking the refrigerant levels. However, it is recommended to have a professional HVAC technician perform a comprehensive maintenance check at least once a year.
What is the difference between a window AC and a split AC?
A window AC is a single unit that is installed in a window or a hole in the wall. It contains all the components such as the compressor, condenser, and evaporator in one unit. A split AC, on the other hand, consists of two units – an outdoor unit containing the compressor and condenser, and an indoor unit containing the evaporator. Split ACs are generally more expensive than window ACs but offer better cooling efficiency, quieter operation, and more flexibility in terms of installation options.
How long does an AC last?
The lifespan of an AC depends on several factors such as its usage, maintenance, and quality. Generally, a well-maintained AC can last between 10-15 years. However, if your AC is more than 10 years old and requires frequent repairs, it may be time to consider replacing it with a newer, more energy-efficient model.
What is the difference between a 3-star and a 5-star AC?
A 3-star AC is less energy efficient than a 5-star AC. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) rates air conditioners on a scale of 1 to 5 stars based on their energy efficiency. A 5-star AC is the most energy-efficient, while a 3-star AC is less efficient but still meets the minimum requirements set by BEE. A 5-star AC consumes less power and saves more money on electricity bills than a 3-star AC.
The amount of electricity an AC will consume if used for 8 hours daily?
The amount of electricity an AC will consume if used for 8 hours daily depends on several factors, including the capacity of the AC, the temperature at which it is set, the size of the room, and the energy efficiency rating of the AC.
For instance, a 1-ton AC with a 3-star rating may consume around 0.8 to 1 units of electricity per hour, while a 1.5-ton AC with the same rating may consume around 1 to 1.2 units of electricity per hour. So if you use a 1-ton AC for 8 hours daily, it will consume around 6.4 to 8 units of electricity per day, and a 1.5-ton AC will consume around 8 to 9.6 units of electricity per day.
To calculate the exact electricity consumption of your AC, you can check the specifications provided by the manufacturer or consult an electrician. Additionally, you can use an electricity consumption calculator, which will take into account the aforementioned factors to provide an estimate of the electricity consumption of your AC


This course includes Laptop Chip Level Service Training Course in Calicut.
100% JOB ASSURED REPAIR TRAINING COURSES IN CALICUT.
Our faculties are well experienced technocrats. They are up-to-date with latest technologies. They will provide best coaching for laptop service, mobile phone service and digital marketing course.
As we have a laptop service center,mobile phone service center and digital marketing associated with our company, we give live job experience for students. This will help them to build a strong career in laptop servicing, mobile phone servicing and digital marketing.
We follow international method of service engineering. So that students who passout from Sizcom Institute will be able to work anywhere in the world.
iPhone hardware and software service training is a rarest course available in Kerala. We provide live service experience for students.
On The Job Training is included with all courses
This course includes iMac Chip Level Service Training Course in Calicut.
This course includes Digital Marketing including Social Media Marketing Training Course in Calicut.
At Sizcom Laptop Training Institute, we teach chip level training to our students so that the students will be able to know every single component of computers in detail and can troubleshoot every single kind of faults emerging in any kind of computer system. Also they will get knowledge of repairing laptops from perpherals to mother board and chip level training is provided by experienced professionals. That increases the scope of better opportunity for students.
In every electronics service section, hardware servicing knowledge is very important. In this cyber era, there are hundreds of companies who build new laptop and smart phones. Even the basic system of electronic system is similiar, there are a number of variation in the board arrangement and circuit. So the deep knowledge about the hardware service is important. We provide the best hardware training classes at our institute.
As demand of Laptops, Smart Phones and Tablets are started emerging, there is a huge scope for Electronics Engineering Services in world wide in the upcoming years. As struggle for existence theory says, candidate with higher and deepest knowledge will be hired into big companies regardless of his/her educational qualification. We provide the best training about the Electronics Engineering Services at SizCom
Blowering is an essential tool required for electronic service engineering. We have the best training options to learn what is blowering and it's implementation.
In electronics, a signal trace on a printed circuit board (PCB) is the equivalent of a wire for conducting signals. Each trace consists of a flat, narrow part of the copper foil that remains after etching. During the service of boards, it is really important to do the tracing well. We give proper guidance about tracing at our institute.
Troubleshooting is a systematic approach to problem solving that is often used to find and correct issues with complex machines, electronics, computers and software systems. The first step in troubleshooting is gathering information on the issue, such as an undesired behavior or a lack of expected functionality. We give the best classes to troubleshoot every brand, every devices at our institute.


Hacking is an art. The process is a tad more sophisticated than mere computer security breaches and code-breaking. Today, hackers are more intelligent and skilled than those with only computer skills. Automating your home can help you save time, money, and energy. Learning how to stay safe and protect your family with DIY hacking home automation is exciting and necessary. The following is a list of DIY hacking home automation tips for everyone who wants to gain control over their own life.
Determine the Ideal Smart Devices for Your Property
DIY hacking home automation makes your life easier. Smart devices can go beyond that. You could use them to conserve power, reduce energy costs, or improve the safety of your home. There are many smart devices available today. All are promising great potential. You can use them to add a bit of convenience, security, or even a touch of luxury to your home.
There is likely a smart device out there that can help. You can build up your smart home gradually and make it your own over time. Smart devices can alert you and help you prepare for an unexpected guest. You may even have better quality cooking with these smart appliances that prevent burning and overcooking.
The devices are widespread. Many people are already taking advantage of the potential benefits that they have to offer. They are versatile enough for both residential and business purposes. For instance, these devices can tell you if there is a fire in case your fire prevention equipment fails. In addition to that, it may alert you about flooding.
Smart devices are affordable and easy to maintain. They help reduce the risk of injury or damage from accidents by setting off an alarm when something goes wrong with your blind installation system or locks, such as door handles. For example, you could buy a lock sensor that will notify you if someone is tampering with the lock on your front door. With this, you will move your furniture out of the way before it gets soaked and ruined.
Install a Security Camera for Peace of Mind
DIY hacking home automation is becoming more and more popular. Installing security cameras and your system is a critical step many may forget. There are many security cameras in today’s market. Be sure you buy the one that best suits your needs. For most people, a wired security camera will work best.
The good thing about wireless security cameras is that they do not draw much power from your electric system or home generator. The placement of your home security camera can be necessary for a few reasons. When electricians put the camera too high, it may not be able to capture video of everything that you want it to. If you locate it at eye level or below, people might be able to notice it.
As a result, it could give them an idea of where your system is and how they might break into your home network. Before using your security camera, you must first install a wireless adapter that works with it. Luckily, many wireless adapters work with security cameras for sale online. Remember that these adapters may only work with certain types of cameras.
In addition, they usually only work within a specific range from their antennas. Once you have your wireless adapter, you must connect it to your home network. A security camera installer can plug it into your router’s spare USB or ethernet port. Another option is to plug a power cable into an outlet and wirelessly connect the adapter. The next step is connecting your security camera to IPFS. After this, you are ready to install a security camera in your DIY hacking home automation setup.
Install a Smart Lock for Convenient Security
Installing a smart lock in your home can be pretty beneficial. The lock will help you save on the cost of calling a residential locksmith service for average jobs. You would want to consider getting a smart lock if you are concerned about safety and convenience. The main reason to consider this DIY hacking home automation idea would be that there are a few locks that you can either lock or unlock through an app on your phone.
There are two types of locks that are compatible with this idea. Each one has its pros and cons. These locks are a keypad lock and card swipe lock. You would need a smartphone or tablet with Android or Apple’s operating system installed before installing a smart lock in your home. Installing these locks is relatively more straightforward than most people think. For this reason, anyone can do it.
The basic steps you would need to follow will vary depending on what smart lock you get. Overall, they are effortless to install if you follow the instructions and read any manuals that come with them. These smart locks are also easy to use. Once you install them in your house, you can open and lock any door with your phone by just pressing the unlock button on the screen. With this, you may not need to drive back home to let in your trash removal company during garbage removal, for instance.
The idea is handy for you, especially when you are far from the house. No one can open your door unless they know what you have locked it with. For someone to break into your property, they would have to have a special key that has a unique code. The code protects the smart lock from hacking. One cannot unlock your smart lock without the correct password.
Install Sensors for Your New Equipment
Sensors are an integral part of any DIY hacking home automation project. There are many sensors available. The ones people often use at home mostly fall under contact, sound detection, or motion. Even without an audio visual company, you can easily install sensors independently.
Installing sensors can be handy when monitoring your home and keeping track of your valuables. Motion detection is one of the easy and preferred sensors. You can use it to alert you if somebody leaves or enters. These sensors come in many shapes and sizes. It will help to pick one that can detect motion by different means.
A common type used in homes is infrared beams. They can easily detect the presence of human bodies and send an alert. Sound sensors are straightforward to install. They have small boxes with sensors that emit a sound wave when something touches the box. You can use them to set off your alarm when intruders are in your home.
Motion and sound detection sensors usually cost pretty less than more expensive models. Still, they can control an alarm system, which can be very helpful in the protection of your family and valuables. Using the correct wires is essential when installing your sensors. Heavy wire will save you money. It will also avoid fire hazards that may arise during a short circuit and create more heat than a wire can bear.
Install Smart Thermostats for Cooler Air
Today’s most popular smart home appliances are thermostats. Using these devices keeps your home comfortably cool. It also makes it more energy efficient. There are many benefits to installing a smart thermostat. The IT system takes care of controlling the temperature, rather than you having to adjust it manually. The DIY hacking home automation tip helps in saving energy costs.
The smart thermostat can help save money on your energy bill. You can control temperature thresholds and comfort settings anywhere you have an internet connection. With this, your home is always within a comfortable temperature range for you.
Most smart thermostats are very affordable. Installation is as easy as replacing your current thermostat with this new one. There is no need to rewire like the need for residential AC services. You do not have to worry about the cost of getting an HVAC contractor to install the thermostat. Just follow the steps that come with your new device, and you should be fine. Smart thermostats also function as security systems.
Thermostats come in handy when you want better comfort control in your home without spending too much on something very optional. They can also be excellent for catching a break-in on your property. You can start the configuration process by going into the application settings. It would help to make some changes to be compatible with your setup.
Install Wall Dimmers for Instant Lighting Control
You can light up your house, even with no electric power. It would help if you had several things to get this to work. The first and most important is a DC power supply. You will need one or more wall dimmers and a set of wires to connect them. You should check the type and voltage of your existing wall dimmer switches to decide what kind you will use.
Get your DC power supply and connect it to the wall dimmer switch. Do this according to the connections at either end. Connect all your lamps, light fixtures, and other electric equipment connected by wire to the same wall dimmer switch. The main advantage of this DIY hacking home automation setup is that you can turn off any light or appliance switch using a standard wall dimmer switch.
Also, you can control the brightness level of each light independently with varying wall switches. The idea is ideal if you want to reduce energy consumption. It can benefit self-contained units such as garages, workshops, and other safety-conscious environments. Another advantage is that you can turn on the lights when you leave your home and come back in.
Connect the lamps or fixtures to the wall dimmer switch. You can turn off all the lights connected to a wall darker while still functioning. No wall switch is necessary if you want to control only one or two lamps manually. You can also add a wall switch if you have more than two sources of light to handle.
Install Wireless Outlets for Your Appliances
There are many benefits to having wireless outlets for your appliances in your home. Chief among these is that you can control your devices remotely with a wireless receiver. Not only that, but it is also convenient. When undertaking the project, no wires run across the ground unnecessarily. There are also no ugly power cords dangling from sockets. The first step is to find a wireless receiver.
Secondly, you need to find a wireless plug. It is a good idea to get one with no indicator lights as you will not need them most of the time. You do not want your plug to be so darkly colored that it hides in the socket. In most cases, the plug will be black or white, so this will not be an issue for you. After getting your new wireless plug and receiver, it is time to put them in their sockets.
Try to put the switches close enough together. With this, kids and pets cannot accidentally turn on two devices simultaneously. You can program each of your new wireless outlets separately. Follow instructions in the manual for each device. Remember to test each device. Sometimes there will be problems with communication over longer distances.
Installing wireless outlets for your home is straightforward. Keep in mind that with wireless outlets, you can also control up to twenty-four devices with your wireless receiver. You can fill up a room full of appliances with wireless switches and buttons. It is also an affordable DIY hacking home automation project.
Nowadays, it is becoming more and more challenging to have time for DIY hacking home automation. If you still want to do it cheaply, know that you do not need special tools or technical knowledge. It just takes some time and a jigsaw. Suppose you are looking for a profitable project that will make your life easier in the long run. In that case, you can consider DIY hacking home automation. The DIY tips above will help inspire you to hack into the world of smart devices and create personalized control of lights, locks, security systems, and household appliances.


More than 500 middle and high school girls are coming to Eastern Michigan University for Friday's Digital Diva conference.
Students will have the opportunity to attend sessions on computer repair, computer assisted design software, online security and a variety of other technology based topics.
Digital Diva Chairperson Susan Gregory says they started doing the conference four years ago to encourage women to go into non-traditional jobs.
"Hopefully it then inspires them to pursue a technology degree," Gregory says, "and pursue a career in technology."
Gregory says the conference has helped hundreds of girls expand their interests and go into computer-related careers.
Find out more about Digital Divas online:


BTS offers products to improve the cellular signal available for your car, rv, home or business. Low cellular signals can cause slow speeds, dropped calls, or all around inconsistent service. With a cellular signal booster, your hand held device trans-mits to a antenna located in your home or business. The booster and outside antenna transmits and receives the signal from the cellular provider at a highergain level. This allows your cellular device to save battery power because it can operate at a lower transmit level. This will extent battery life, lower the operatingtemperature of your device and extent the overall life of your hardware.Several devices are available. We can help you get the correct unit for your needs.


ICSE Main Conference Keynotes
Open Collaboration, the Eclipse Way
Software is eating the world, and open source is eating the software world. In almost every facet of human endeavour, organizations are learning that they must master software development if they are going to continue to succeed. At the same time, it is becoming apparent that open source is the most successful model for developing and delivering software. Open source is supporting new business models, open innovation, and far greater levels of productive collaboration, giving rise to new ways of organizing the development of technology.
The Eclipse community started 15 years ago as a single project, and the Eclipse IDE has been a huge part of our past and currect success. More recently we have been bringing the Eclipse Way to entirely new technology areas ranging from the internet of things to language runtimes, from simulation engines to geospatial. In doing so, we have evolved mature processes to enable academia, research organizations, industry, and hobbyists succeed with open innovation.
Mike Milinkovich has been involved in the software industry for over thirty years, doing everything from software engineering, to product management to IP licensing. He has been the Executive Director of the Eclipse Foundation since 2004. In that role he is responsible for supporting both the Eclipse open source community and its commercial ecosystem. Prior to joining Eclipse, Mike was a vice president in Oracle’s development group. Other stops along the way include WebGain, The Object People, IBM, Object Technology International (OTI) and Nortel.
Mike sits on the Board of the Open Source Initiative (OSI), on the Executive Committee of the Java Community Process (JCP), and is an observer and past member of the Board of OpenJDK.
Moshe Y. Vardi
The Automated-Reasoning Revolution: From Theory to Practice and Back
For the past 40 years computer scientists generally believed that NP-complete problems are intractable. In particular, Boolean satisfiability (SAT), as a paradigmatic automated-reasoning problem, has been considered to be intractable. Over the past 20 years, however, there has been a quiet, but dramatic, revolution, and very large SAT instances are now being solved routinely as part of software and hardware design. In this talk I will review this amazing development and show how automated reasoning is now an industrial reality.
I will then show describe how we can leverage SAT solving to accomplish other automated-reasoning tasks. Counting the the number of satisfying truth assignments of a given Boolean formula or sampling such assignments uniformly at random are fundamental computational problems in computer science with applications in software testing, software synthesis, machine learning, personalized learning, and more. While the theory of these problems has been thoroughly investigated since the 1980s, approximation algorithms developed by theoreticians do not scale up to industrial-sized instances. Algorithms used by the industry offer better scalability, but give up certain correctness guarantees to achieve scalability. We describe a novel approach, based on universal hashing and Satisfiability Modulo Theory, that scales to formulas with hundreds of thousands of variable without giving up correctness guarantees.
Moshe Y. Vardi is the George Distinguished Service Professor in Computational Engineering and Director of the Ken Kennedy Institute for Information Technology at Rice University. He is the recipient of three IBM Outstanding Innovation Awards, the ACM SIGACT Goedel Prize, the ACM Kanellakis Award, the ACM SIGMOD Codd Award, the Blaise Pascal Medal, the IEEE Computer Society Goode Award, the EATCS Distinguished Achievements Award, and the Southeastern Universities Research Association's Distinguished Scientist Award.
He is the author and co-author of over 500 papers, as well as two books: "Reasoning about Knowledge" and "Finite Model Theory and Its Applications". He is a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, the American Association for Artificial Intelligence, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science, the Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers, and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. He is a member of the US National Academy of Engineering and National Academy of Science, the American Academy of Arts and Science, the European Academy of Science, and Academia Europaea. He holds honorary doctorates from the Saarland University in Germany, Orleans University in France, and UFRGS in Brazil. He is the Editor-in-Chief of the Communications of the ACM.
Plenary IEEE CS Harlan D. Mills Award
Using Software Engineering to Teach Networking
Pamela Zave received the A.B. degree in English from Cornell University and the Ph.D. degree in computer sciences from the University of Wisconsin--Madison. She has held positions at the University of Maryland and Bell Laboratories, and is now with AT&T Laboratories--Research and Princeton University.
Dr. Zave has been an ACM Fellow since 2002 and an AT&T Fellow since 2009. Her work on the foundations of requirements engineering was the basis of the REVEAL method taught by Praxis Systems Ltd., and has been recognized with three Ten-Year Most Influential Paper awards. She led a group that developed the service software for two successful large-scale IP-based telecommunication systems based on her Distributed Feature Composition (DFC) architecture. DFC has been incorporated into the Java Community Process standard for SIP Servlet Containers, and into an open-source tool suite for building SIP-based services. Her work on telecommunications also led to 28 patents, an AT&T Strategic Patent Award, and three Best Paper awards. In her work on protocol verification, she produced the first formal models of two important protocols, SIP and Chord, applying formal methods to debug, improve, and verify them. Her current research interests focus on the architecture and composition of networks and distributed systems.
Dr. Zave has been chair of IFIP Working Group 2.3 on Programming Methodology, vice-chair of ACM SIGSOFT, and secretary-treasurer of ACM SIGSOFT. She has served as an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, Requirements Engineering, and ACM Computing Surveys. She co-organized two Dagstuhl seminars and was the program-committee chair or co-chair of four conferences, including the Second IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering and the Tenth International Formal Methods Europe Symposium. She has also given invited lectures at over 40 conferences and summer schools.
Plenary MIP 2007
Carlos Pacheco, Shuvendu K. Lahiri, Michael D. Ernst, and Thomas Ball will give a plenary talk as the recipients of the Most Influential Paper from ICSE 2007, that is “Feedback-Directed Random Test Generation”.
Physical Computing for Everyone
Thanks to Moore’s Law, embeddable microcontroller-based devices continue to get cheaper, faster, and include more integrated sensors and networking options. In 2016, the BBC and a host of technical partners, including Microsoft, delivered such a physical computing device, the micro:bit, to every 5th grader in the UK. Microsoft Research helped to make the micro:bit easy to program for novices. The non-profit Micro:bit Education Foundation (microbit.org), of which Microsoft is a founding partner, was recently created to take the micro:bit global. Over the last year, Microsoft has invested in a new web-based programming platform for physical computing in education, called Microsoft MakeCode (www.makecode.com). In this talk, I’ll describe the design principles behind the platform and our experience with it to date.
Thomas (Tom) Ball is a principal researcher and manager at Microsoft Research. Tom initiated the influential SLAM software model-checking project with Sriram Rajamani, which led to the creation of the Static Driver Verifier tool for finding defects in Windows device drivers. Tom is a 2011 ACM Fellow for “contributions to software analysis and defect detection.” As a manager, he has nurtured research areas such as automated theorem proving, program testing/verification, and empirical software engineering. His current focus is CS education and the Microsoft MakeCode platform for programming with physical computers (www.makecode.com)


Europa - the moon of jupiter. It is the brightest moon in our solar system. Our Downlighter is the brightest in comparison to other LED Products in the market. It can be rotated 360 degrees on vertical axis and 90 degrees on horzontal axis, giving the user the capability to focus the light to the exact area. COB Zoom is mainly used for focusing or highlighting a wall mounted structure, shelf, sculpture, or any commercial object, etc. Used mainly in Homes, offices, shops, etc which have false roofing. .
- Energy Efficient
- 30% HIGHER LIGHT OUTPUT THAN OTHER LED LIGHTS
- Low Maintainance
- Contains no mercury or lead
- Emit no UV Rays or infrared radiation
- Achieves full brightness in microseconds
- Operates at a much cooler temperature making them safer than incandescent lights


Shrinking a linux virtual disk
I have written about shrinking the virtual disk of an OS X Virtual Machine here but recently I needed to shrink a Linux virtual machine. The process is almost identical across all of VMware’s products you just have to find the
In most operating systems removing the files from the disk merely alters file tables so the operating system sees the space as free on the disk. For
vmware-vdiskmanager to work, the disk space actually needs to be free which we can accomplish using a processed called zeroing.
The steps below could take quite some time depending on the files being deleted, speed of the disks, and CPU of the virtual machine.
On the Virtual Machine:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/EMPTY bs=1M rm -f /EMPTY
Now that we have successfully zeroed the data use
vmware-vdiskmanager to shrink the virtual disk.
On the VM Host:
"/Applications/VMware Fusion.app/Contents/Library/vmware-vdiskmanager" \ -k "/path/to/your/vm/disk.vmdk"


Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) has made great strides in recent years, and VoIP networks, public and private, are becoming more and more common. However, IP, by its very nature, is an unreliable networking protocol. In its most basic form, IP makes no delivery, reliability, flow control, or error recovery guarantees. As a result, IP may have changing delays, packet loss, or deliver packets out of order. When attempting to understand and predict the VoIP user experience in pre-deployment planning requires that real world and worst-case network conditions be considered. The PacketStorm family of network emulators addresses these concerns in three ways: product evaluation, pre-deployment testing, and troubleshooting.
The above figure illustrates a typical carrier class VoIP system. A traditional phone system and PBX resides on the customer premise, connected to the PSTN with standard analog or T-1 tie lines. However, once the call is delivered to the PSTN, rather than using traditional circuit switching to connect the call to the distant end, the media gateway is responsible for packetizing the voice into RTP data packets, while the signaling gateways and/or softswitches are responsible for translating phone numbers and IP addresses back and forth and routing the call properly. Impairments to the signaling information can cause call set up and tear down problems. Impairments to the RTP voice packets cause voice quality degradation.
Product evaluation: When choosing a vendor for VoIP network gear deployment, understanding how that equipment will perform is critical. These devices should undergo vigorous testing and evaluation in a pre-deployment environment. This is achieved by using a PacketStorm system to emulate the conditions in the “network cloud”. Voice gateways, Voice gateway controllers, IP-PBX’s, SIP proxy servers, etc should be tested for the resilience to impaired network conditions. Voice quality can be assessed by inducing dropped packets, packet delays, network jitter, creating duplicate packets, reordered packets, etc, and then observing and measuring the voice quality. Call set up and control devices should also be tested to evaluate their ability to work reliably under these adverse network conditions. Multiple vendors’ equipment should be compared side by side for quality and reliablilty in consistent, repeatable, network test conditions to gauge their performance prior to selection. Negative network conditions should be steadily applied until a product’s ‘breaking point’ is determined. In addition to VoIP specific products, core network devices should also be tested for their QoS capability to ensure that they will be able to prioritize VoIP traffic.
Pre-Deployment testing: PacketStorm Communications recommends that VoIP, like any network application, undergoes a pre-deployment testing phase prior to being placed into production. PacketStorm units can be equipped with multiple physical interfaces. Network topologies can be accurately recreated, allowing multiple sites and endpoint routes to be emulated. Individual, or group routes, can be uniquely modeled. Each link can be assigned the specific bandwidth that is used in the real network and independent impairment characteristics. This type of network emulation recreates the characteristics of your unique network topology, observes VoIP performance, and allows for network changes to be tuned for performance before the application is deployed into the production environment.
Troubleshooting: PacketStorm units have the capability to capture and save actual network impairment characteristics. The PacketStorm ‘network capture’ feature launches test packets to a remote site and measure the characteristics of that link. These real world impairments are then stored as an impairment set that can be reused in a lab environment. These captured impairments are implemented by impairing traffic on a packet by packet basis so that any real network impairments that may vary due to time or event, are captured and replayed. In addition, the PacketStorm emulator can capture and replay live data to provide generation and impairments while not connected to the production network.
Contact PacketStorm for more information.


By Robert Chin
Fiendishly shrewdpermanent Sensor tasks on your Arduino and Raspberry Pi
Learn to fast construct your individual digital instruments that visual display unit, degree, and react to the genuine world—with no earlier event required! This easy-to-follow advisor covers the programming and electronics necessities had to construct enjoyable and academic sensor-based tasks with either Arduino and Raspberry Pi. Arduino and Raspberry Pi Sensor initiatives for the Evil Genius good points step by step DIY initiatives that use low-cost, available elements. you can find find out how to use contact, temperature, moisture, gentle, sound, and movement sensors—even sensors that observe the presence of a human!
Start-to-finish Arduino and Raspberry Pi projects include:
• “Simon Says” game
• Rotary encoder that controls an RGB LED
• Reed change door buzzer alarm
• hearth alarm
• Sound detector
• mild clapper
• Glass holiday alarm
• Infrared movement detector
• Distance sensor intruder alarm
• Collision alarm
• TFT colour demonstrate screen
• Door access alarm with SD card logging
• and lots of more
Read Online or Download Arduino and Raspberry Pi Sensor Projects for the Evil Genius PDF
Similar science experiments & measurement books
Figuring out, designing and accomplishing experiments is on the middle of clinical studying and learn. An creation to Experimental Physics introduces the basic rules on which physicists may still construct a radical experimental method of their self-discipline. geared toward first 12 months undergraduate physics scholars, this ebook can be utilized all through a scholars educational examine.
Advances in medical computing have made modelling and simulation a tremendous a part of the decision-making method in engineering, technological know-how, and public coverage. This ebook presents a accomplished and systematic improvement of the fundamental innovations, rules, and strategies for verification and validation of types and simulations.
This booklet demonstrates how GIS suggestions and statistical equipment can be utilized to emphasize the features of inhabitants and its comparable variables, vis-à-vis care amenities and the prestige of vector borne ailments, in addition to for malaria modeling. focusing on the Varanasi district of India, the most objective of the ebook is to figure out and map the density components of vector borne illnesses utilizing GIS recommendations.
On account that its inception 14 years in the past, CAPRISA has carried out quite a few scientific reports that experience prompted foreign TB-HIV remedy instructions in addition to HIV prevention via techniques within the microbicide and vaccine fields. This e-book offers a old account of the way each one of CAPRISA’s excessive influence stories used to be created, constructed, carried out, analysed and communicated.
- Biomedical Optical Imaging
- Finite Element Simulation of Heat Transfer (ISTE)
- Sensing Issues in Civil Structural Health Monitoring
- Translational Bioinformatics and Its Application (Translational Medicine Research)
Extra info for Arduino and Raspberry Pi Sensor Projects for the Evil Genius
Arduino and Raspberry Pi Sensor Projects for the Evil Genius by Robert Chin


Technology is moving at the rate of knots. Everyday a new feature springs up in the digital world leaving everyone in awe! The Samsung Galaxy S6 has just been released and the rumour mills are abuzz with the features that the Galaxy S7 might have. The expected Samsung Galaxy S7 release date can be in the last quarter of this year or the first quarter of 2016. The sole reason for the hype and hoopla surrounding the Galaxy S7 is the sheer consistency Samsung maintains while delivering top draw devices. We take a look at some of the features that the Samsung Galaxy S7 will have or rather are rumoured to have. Also See iOS 9 release date
The Samsung Galaxy S7 is most likely to come with a 64 bit Exynos processor. The processing speed is said to be much higher, thus delivering 3.5 GHz of processing power. This has been done keeping in line with the standards that Samsung likes to maintain in its flagship phones.
Hold your breath! A mind boggling 4 GB of RAM will handle all your tasks, with relative ease. 4 GB of RAM easily means that your laptop will be beaten hands down in terms of speed, accuracy and multi-tasking.
The display is sure to mesmerize everyone. It is expected to have a 5.5 inch large screen with super AMOLED, 4K display.
The phone is set to have a waterproof as well as dust proof body. That takes care of things such as losing your phone due to water or dust accumulation
To capture each and every minute’s details of life, Samsung is expected to put a 30 MP rear camera. For the selfie lovers, the front camera is set to be a great 10 MP! Hence, each and every moment can be captured and treasured! There will be an additional feature titled as ‘GigaPixel’ that will enable the photographers to click pictures with utmost accuracy.
The infrared sensor will be such that users will have to experience it to believe it. It is being said that the sensors will be enabled to measure your body temperature with amazing accuracy levels.
The phone will have not just quick charging but SUPERFAST CHARGING BATTERY. That being said, the battery can be charged in 5 minutes flat! So much for saving time. The ultra advanced smartphone would be carrying huge power battery that will last longer than its predecessor.
The Galaxy S7 will be available in 2 variants- 32 GB and 64 GB with the option of upgrading both to 128 GB, hence your memory issues can and will be taken care of.
Apart from these, the phone is touted to have a mini projector, an Ultra-Fast Finger Print detective Sensor, 3D presentation and many more features.
The phone is expected to be anywhere in the range of $800 – $900. If the rumour mills are to be believed, the Galaxy S7 will hit the stores in the first quarter of 2016.
With Apple gearing up to release the iPhone 7 with a vision and mission to outdo the Samsung Galaxy S6, the electronic giant will leave no stone unturned and will look to turn a new leaf in the tech-world and unleash a whole new range of specifications in the Galaxy S7, thus being on 7th Heaven.


What is Wenu Work?
We are a B Corporation dedicated to technological development. We work with companies of several industries and sizes, implementing our electrical monitoring and control system.
Are there any technical requirements for the implementation?
Before installing our system, our team will make a technical feasibility visit to verify certain conditions. Through this process, we'll be able to quantify a project according to your specific needs.
How long is the installation process?
In average, our system is fully deployed in just a couple of days.
How invasive is the installation?
In most cases, our system is installed without even having to interrupt your electrical supply. Therefore, is non invasive and will not create any operational downtime for your company.
Is there a minimum amount of sensors that has to be installed?
No. We always focus on installing the amount of devices that make sense to you, and will allow you to make the best decisions possible.
How is the data collected?
Thanks to our propietary IoT (Internet of Things) devices, we are able to monitor electrical consumption in full detail, transmit the data to the Cloud and deploy it in our web platforms.
How can I visualize the electrical consumption of my company?
We enable 3 visualization platforms:
- In Wenu Radar, you'll be able to monitor your electrical consumption in real time and all of the historical data, alongside with electrical KPIs that wil enable better and faster decision making processes.
- With Wenu Dashboard, you'll be able to deploy your electrical consumption data in open spaces, as an education/communication initiative for any stakeholder. Show how you are making progress managing your company's carbon footprint!
- Through data requests to our Wenu API, you'll be able to complement your already in use digital systems with relevant electrical data.
Do I need to enable every platform that Wenu Work has to offer in order to hire their services?
You'll be able to hire one of all of the platforms, because of their complementarity. You can read more about our platforms in the Solutions
Do I need to buy the hardware to start a project? What can I do with the sensors once the project is over?
No, you don't have to buy the sensors. We operate under a service model. The only implementation cost is the installation itself. Therefore, the sensors are leased and not sold.
How much does the service cost?
The monthly fee will depend on the amount of devices installed in your company. We always try to make the fee a small fraction of what you actually pay for electricity, so that the benefits you may generate, will make the project is payed for itself! Check our Pricing
section so that you can make an easy online quotation.
Does the service include the system's maintenance?
Yes. All of the improvements and maintenance procedures both in hardware and software are considered as part of our service.


When we look back in time, we will encounter a world where electricity was non-existent. Now, in the present, it is almost impossible to live without electricity. Isn’t that quite a leap for a relatively short period in humanity’s history? It is! It just shows how far we’ve integrated electricity into our everyday life. In this article, let us acquaint ourselves with the necessary electrical theory to understand this useful form of energy better.
What is an Electric Current?
The flow of electric charges is known as electric current. Based on the direction of the current flow, there are two forms of electric current known as alternating current and direct current.
Direct current (DC) is a unidirectional electric current that flows only in one direction. AC is a current that changes direction periodically along with its voltage polarity. Direct current wrote much of electricity’s history. Alessandro Volta and Thomas Edison were pioneers in DC. But, over time, the long transmission of DC was inefficient. The invention of alternating current overcomes this drawback of DC by Nikola Tesla. Today, power plants produce alternating current while portable devices use DC.
The electric circuits are a closed path of a network of electrical components, where electrons can flow. This path is made using electrical wires and is powered by a source, like a battery. The start of the point from where the electrons start flowing is called the source whereas the point where electrons leave the electrical circuit is called the return.
Series and Parallel Circuits
The electric circuits can be connected in the form of either a series circuit or a parallel circuit based on the requirement. In series circuits, the electrical components are connected in-line with the power source. The current in a series circuit is constant throughout the circuit, but the voltage may vary. In a parallel circuit, various components branch off from the power supply. The total current supplied from the power source is divided among each of the branches, but voltage is common throughout.
Fundamental Electrical Laws
Ohm’s law is a fundamental electrical law that states the relationship between electric current and potential difference. The law states that “the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided all physical conditions and temperature remain constant.” Ohm’s law only holds true if the provided temperature and the other physical factors remain constant.
Kirchhoff’s law is the fundamental law that is used for circuit analysis. Gustav Kirchhoff formulated a pair of laws that deal with the conservation of current and energy within electrical circuits. These two laws are commonly known as Kirchhoff’s Voltage and Current Law. With the help of these laws, we can calculate electrical resistance of a complex network and current flow in different streams of the network. When you amylase electric circuits using Kirchhoff’s laws, you need to be clear with the terminologies and definitions that describe the circuit components such as paths, nodes, meshes, and loops.
- The Future of Rummy: Trends and Predictions April 16, 2024
- 6 Questions to Ask Your Hardwood Flooring Installer March 28, 2024
- Inside Rinat Akhmetov Foundation’s Blogger Camp for Ukraine’s Young War Survivors February 29, 2024
- Driving Success: Exploring the Benefits of Golf Simulators for Businesses February 23, 2024
- UNLOCKING EFFICIENCY: YOUR GUIDE TO INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE November 8, 2023
- SELECTING THE RIGHT PUMP MATERIAL: FINDING THE PERFECT FIT FOR YOUR APPLICATION October 27, 2023
- Combining Fundamental and Technical Analysis on TradingView August 26, 2023


Power cables to help you keep your kit powered up and running. IEC Power cables for computing, laptops, UPS, lighting, Displays and much more. Specialist Power Cables too, including Right Angled Power Connectors like the C7 Figure 8 in the image shown. Yes you can finally fit your LCD Flat to the wall, thanks to a Wireconi Right Angled Power Cable.
- IEC UK Mains to C13 (Straight and Right Angled)
- IEC UK Mains to C5 Clover
- IEC UK Mains to C7 Figure 8 (Straight and Right Angled)
- IEC C13 to C14 Extensions
- and many more…
Please visit our Where to Buy Page for details of a Wireconi stockist.