In the timescales of history, the discovery and scientific acceptance of climate change are very recent events. The scientific discovery of climate change began in the early nineteenth century when the natural greenhouse effect was first identified. Researchers then dared to venture that low levels of carbon dioxide might explain the ice ages of the past. Later, at the turn of the last century, the idea that humans might be responsible for climate change was proposed by Svante Arrhenius, but it was deemed faulty and brushed aside at the time. It took until the 1960s for people to be convinced about the warming effect of carbon dioxide. Only then, with the advent of the environmental movement, did scientists began to look closely at changes in carbon dioxide levels over the ages and the factors which contributed to those changes.
The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are instrumental in tracking climate change – but they are not the only parameters by which scientists predict and track global warming. The burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and causes it to heat up, and this heating triggers noticeable changes in other processes too.
For example, increased atmospheric temperatures have an effect on soil respiration, or the production of carbon dioxide when soil organisms respire. This natural process, in which carbon dioxide is released from the soil into the atmosphere, is also in a “positive feedback system” with global climate change – which means that soil respiration rates can be affected by climate change, and in turn, respond by accelerating climate change. Ben Bond-Lamberty and Allison Thomson, researchers at University of Maryland’s Joint Global Change Research Institute, have found that soil respiration has increased by about 0.1 percent per year in the two decades from 1989 to 2008. Thus, as the atmosphere becomes warmer, plants and microbes in the soil release more carbon dioxide.
The link between carbon dioxide levels in the soil and global temperatures makes data regarding the carbon dioxide levels in the soil very valuable, as it can advance our understanding of global climate change. I visited the Electrical Sciences Block to interview Vaibhav Pratap Singh, a research student in the department who has worked on a wireless sensor network that can give us just this data by monitoring the levels of carbon dioxide in soil.
Vaibhav’s device measures and wirelessly communicates the carbon dioxide levels in the soil. Using these measurements, he can throw light on the variations of soil carbon dioxide levels with seasons, temperature conditions and geographical locations. For his project, Vaibhav won the Bayer Young Environmental Envoy 2013 (BYEE 2013) competition, which is held in cooperation with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and participated in the Bayer environmental summit in Germany, from 10th November to 15th November 2013, along with forty-eight others from eighteen other countries.
At the start of the interview, I ask Vaibhav to explain how the device was built and what it does. He explains that the set-up for the device consists of a carbon dioxide sensor chamber covered with a membrane that is “semipermeable” – it allows only certain gases to pass through it and keeps others out. The sensor measures the levels of carbon dioxide and converts these measurements into electronic signals. But there is another hurdle here: the electronic signal has to be transmitted over long distances since it is impractical to collect data from the forest or grassland where the sensor is.
Vaibhav solved this problem by employing a wireless network which sends data to be recorded on remote servers. When these remote servers are interfaced with a personal computer, one can analyze the data and generate graphs that depict the variation of carbon dioxide in the soil.
Like most technology that is developed for remote areas, Vaibhav’s soil carbon dioxide sensor comes with a familiar challenge: power. The sensor must draw its energy from somewhere, and in the far-away areas where it is to be deployed, the most readily available source of energy is the Sun. Vaibhav explains that the carbon dioxide sensor is powered by a battery, and the device is equipped with a solar panel so that the battery can be recharged. The device is also fitted with a pump. This, Vaibhav tells me, is because the device is designed to monitor not just the levels of carbon dioxide in the soil, but also its levels in the atmosphere.
Has the sensor been used yet to collect data? Vaibhav answers, “Yes, we conducted our first round of data collection from 28th March to 8th April in 2012. We buried the sensor chamber at a depth of 20 centimeters. Every three hours, the levels of carbon dioxide in the soil were measured. We found that the levels of carbon dioxide in both the soil and the atmosphere increase with an increase in temperature,” Vaibhav adds. Pointing to the graph that shows the variation of carbon dioxide levels with time, he continues, “You can see this by the spikes at 10 a.m., 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. These spikes are linked to the role of microbes in breaking up carbon compounds in the soil to produce carbon dioxide.”
He elaborates, “After a reading of soil carbon dioxide level is taken, the pump is turned on. The pump pushes out the air that is already in the sensor chamber and pumps in air from the atmosphere. The sensor then measures the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. After this is measured, the atmospheric air is pumped out. There is also a valve that is built into the device to enable calibration. After the air is pumped out of the chamber, the valve is opened, and this brings any remaining air in the chamber in contact with soda lime, which absorbs all the carbon dioxide.
Now, the levels of carbon dioxide in the chamber are known to be zero, and the sensor output can be appropriately calibrated.”
So what’s next? Vaibhav answers, “Right now, we’ve finished designing the hardware for the project and are in the experimental phase of it. One challenge for us is to reduce the power consumed by the sensor so that its battery lasts longer. This is particularly important for long–term experiments. We also want to be able to receive data from the sensor on mobile phones, for which we’ll have to incorporate GSM. Another major challenge is to make the measurement precise and accurate, for which we have to eliminate errors in calibration. The goal of the project, ultimately, is to build a low-power, low-cost device to study how the level of carbon dioxide in the soil varies with seasons,temperature and geographical locations.” Vaibhav hopes to receive support from Bayer in taking his project further. Bayer’s international presence could also help them collect data from different parts of the world. Vaibhav envisions his product as one that can help a spectrum of people across the world, from environmental researchers and organisations to agricultural universities and farmers.
Environmental consciousness and technological advancements can make for strange bedfellows. And especially at a university like IIT Madras, which has a beautiful and fragile natural ecosystem in tenuous equilibrium with rapid development, Vaibhav’s research and the recognition it has received are an encouraging affirmation that science could possibly marry the two.


- Why sun looks red at the time of sunset?
- Why is sunset more red than sunrise?
- Why is the sun red today September 15 2020?
- Why is the sun red in the morning?
- Why does the sun look red sometimes?
- Why is the sun so red today 2020?
- Can you look at a red sun?
- What does a red sunset mean?
- Can you tell the difference between a sunrise and sunset?
- What does a pink sunset mean?
- Why the sun is red in morning and evening?
Why sun looks red at the time of sunset?
Near the horizon sunlight passes through thicker layers of air having larger particles that scatter light of longer wavelength such as the red end of the spectrum.
Therefore, the light that reaches our eyes is of longer wavelength which gives rise to the reddish appearance of the Sun..
Why is sunset more red than sunrise?
“Because the sun is low on the horizon, sunlight passes through more air at sunset and sunrise than during the day, when the sun is higher in the sky. More atmosphere means more molecules to scatter the violet and blue light away from your eyes. … This is why sunsets are often yellow, orange, and red.”
Why is the sun red today September 15 2020?
U.S. wildfire smoke reaches Westman: Westman residents were greeted with a blood-red sun on Monday as smoke from the wildfires on the United States Pacific coast reached the area.
Why is the sun red in the morning?
During sunrise and sunset the sun is low in the sky, and it transmits light through the thickest part of the atmosphere. … We see the red, because red wavelengths (the longest in the color spectrum) are breaking through the atmosphere. The shorter wavelengths, such as blue, are scattered and broken up.
Why does the sun look red sometimes?
Sunlight encounters more air molecules when the sun is low in the sky than when the sun is overhead. Even more blue light is scattered away, leaving mostly the reddish component of white sunlight to travel the straighter path to your eyes. So the setting sun looks red.
Why is the sun so red today 2020?
It is orange-red because the sunlight reaching the dense smoke has already been reddened by less dense smoke. … | Jim Hatcher in San Diego, California, captured this very red sun on September 7, 2020. The red color was caused by smoke in the air due to wildfires in the West this week.
Can you look at a red sun?
Thick smoke has been giving the sun an orange red hue this week that some may find tempting to look at, especially with the beautiful sunrise and sunsets. … Although the smoke particles in the air may be diminishing the brightness of the sun, experts say the ultraviolet light is unaffected.
What does a red sunset mean?
A red sky appears when dust and small particles are trapped in the atmosphere by high pressure. This scatters blue light leaving only red light to give the sky its notable appearance. A red sky at sunset means high pressure is moving in from the west, so therefore the next day will usually be dry and pleasant.
Can you tell the difference between a sunrise and sunset?
On the other hand, more dust and smog (at sunset) can have the effect of scattering light across a greater region of the sky, creating a larger drape of colors, whereas sunrise colors tend to be more focused around the sun. … So if you see a rising sun move up and to the left, you know you’re in the twilight zone.
What does a pink sunset mean?
Red sky at night, sailors delight. When we see a red sky at night, this means that the setting sun is sending its light through a high concentration of dust particles. This usually indicates high pressure and stable air coming in from the west. Basically good weather will follow. … Pink sky means clouds (I.e. Moisture).
Why the sun is red in morning and evening?
The light from the Sun travels through Earth’s atmosphere it undergoes scattering before it reaches us. … Thus, there is more probability for shorter wavelength light to get more scattered than for the longer wavelength light. Hence, the Sun (and sunrise and sunset) appears reddish orange during sunset and sunrise.


The National Hurricane Center has issued a Tropical Storm Warning for South Florida and the Treasure Coast ahead of what’s expected to be Tropical Storm Alex. A tropical storm watch has been issued for Central Florida. A Tropical Storm Warning is issued for the Florida Keys and parts of Southwest Florida. South Florida and the Treasure Coast can expect the heaviest flooding from the storm, which could leave up to 8- inches of rain. Forecasters say Central Florida residents should expect heavy rain later today into tomorrow with gusty winds and a chance for tornadoes along the storm’s path. Orlando is forecast to receive about two inches of rain.
Tropical Storm Warnings are now in effect for much of southern and central Florida, including the Florida Keys. Tropical-storm-force winds are likely to begin in Florida by tonight and early Saturday. See http://hurricanes.gov for more info.
Today… 100% rain..clouds, and rain on the increase ahead of a tropical disturbance. Showers and storms are expected to pick up late today…. Rain bands could produce heavy rain and gusty winds. Highs in the low 80s.
Tomorrow… numerous showers, and storms across the area as the disturbance moves over Florida. Repeated rounds of heavy rainfall could lead to flooding issues. Models show improving weather conditions by tomorrow night… Highs in the low 80s.
Sunday- behind the system drier air moves in and the sunshine returns. Highs in the upper 80’s.


Halong weather is typical for tropical coastal climate, which has two main seasons all year around. From April to September, it is often hot and humid; from October to March the weather is dry with some cold months. Most travelers visit Vietnam in wintertime, this is dry season in the country. Winter in Halong Bay […]
Halong Bay is situated in the Northern part of the country, its weather is different in 4 seasons but it can be mainly divided into cold dry winter and hot humid summer.


What’s Happening with the Ozone Hole?
Presented by Dr Andrew Klekociuk from Australian Antarctic Division
20 July 2022, Wednesday 8:00 PM
Physics Lecture Theatre 1, UTAS, Sandy Bay
Human-caused depletion of ozone in Earth’s stratosphere remains the focus of scientific attention because of its importance to the health of the biosphere and its influence on global climate. The ‘ozone hole’ phenomenon, which was first identified in the 1980s, has been brought under control by international cooperation under the Montreal Protocol which is clearly working to improve the global state of the ozone layer. Above Antarctica, the overall size of the annual ozone hole has reduced since the early 2000s, but the amount of ozone depletion is subject to significant year-to-year variability which is intimately linked with climate effects.
In this presentation, I will review the history and causes of stratospheric ozone depletion, and provide an overview of the current health of the ozone layer and its likely future trajectory. I will also outline ozone-climate links, discuss human and environmental effects of ozone depletion, and highlight consequences of the 2019/20 Australian Black Summer fires and the 2022 Hunga volcanic eruption on the Antarctic ozone hole.
Andrew is a Principal Research Scientist at the Australian Antarctic Division where undertakes research on the polar atmosphere, including the evolution of the Antarctic ozone hole and the effects of climate change and variability. His recent activities include co-authorship of two forthcoming environmental assessments: the 2021 Australia State of the Environment report, and the United Nations 2022 report on Environmental Effects of Ozone Depletion, UV Radiation and Interactions with Climate Change. Andrew is a graduate of the University of Tasmania, and holds research affiliations with the University, and the University of Melbourne and the University of Adelaide. He currently serves on the committee of the International Ozone Commission.


Credits: The Weather Channel. Full List Here.
The 2018 Atlantic hurricane season list of names includes several that might sound familiar, along with one new name.
(MORE: Hurricane Central)
Atlantic hurricane and tropical storm name lists repeat every six years, unless one is so destructive and/or deadly that a committee of the World Meteorological Organization votes to retire that name from future lists.
This avoids the use of, say, Katrina, Sandy or Maria to describe a future weak, open-ocean tropical storm.
In 2018, Sara replaces 2012’s Sandy. Four names were retired from future use after the 2017 hurricane season.


MOISTURE PROCESSES IN THE CONTAINER
A container is a closed system with it’s own unique ” weather” inside. It differs from the warehouse in that the variation in temperature is much greater. It is not unusual to have containers wherein temperatures range from freezing to 60-70C during the course of a single voyage.
The central fact is that warm air can hold more moisture than cold air. That means that if warm air is cooled, it becomes more humid. And if it is cooled enough, some of the moisture must rain out – condense. That is exactly the same phenomenon that causes dew in the grass or fog on a cool autumn.
In a container a fast temperature change of 5-10C is often enough to cause problems. Water will condense on the coolest available surface, which is often the container ceiling or walls. From there it may drip down onto the cargo and cause damage – “container rain”. At other times it condenses on the cargo, say on the inside of the pallet wrap, – “cargo sweat”-, which is usually even more damaging.
Even without any condensation, elevated humidity over a period of time is sufficient to cause damage. Many metals will corrode or discolor at a rather modest level of humidity , 60-70%. At higher levels of humidity, 80%-90%, moulds will grow, labels will peel and corrugated boxes will start to soften.
The Relative Humidity (RH) is a percentage measure of how much moisture the air
holds as compared to the maximum mount of moisture air at that temperature can hold. That means that completely dry air has a RH of 0%. The RH can never be more than 100%, or any excess moisture will rain out. There is little danger of damage to anything if the RH is below 50% or so.
The Humidity Changes when the Temperature does
The important thing to realize is that the humidity of the air changes only as a result of the change in temperature. When air cools it becomes more humid, – even though the moisture content in the air remains the same.
The Humidity in a container will go up and down throughout the voyage, as a result of changing temperature only. If the temperature changes rapidly enough there is sure to be moisture trouble, even if the container may be fairly dry by reasonable standards.
In a container, moisture evaporates into the air during periods when the container is warm. The warm dry air can accept a lot of moisture. Or warm moisture containing air enters from the outside through “Container Breathing”. When the container cools down, that air becomes very humid. And it is then the troubles start.
But the temperature doesn’t have to vary in time to create a difference. It is equally bad when different parts of a container are at different temperatures. When warm air moves into a colder part it becomes humid and perhaps even condenses moisture. Tons of moisture can be redistributed within a container during a voyage through such processes. Mysterious patterns of damage may arise, such as mold only in certain parts of the cargo.
Temperature changes in a container may arise because one side of the container is
exposed to the elements and another is not. Or it may arise simply as a result of a great thermal inertia in the cargo as outside temperatures change. It is common that it takes weeks for the temperature to equalize through a densely stuffed cargo.
It should be noted that all the basic processes outlined above are strongly nonlinear. A small difference in conditions may cause a grate difference in outcome. That is why the pattern of damage may seem unpredictable.
Where Does the Moisture in the Container Come From
The moisture in the container:
- Is in the air when the container doors are closed
- Is contained in the cargo and packaging and is evaporated throughout the voyage
- Enters from the outside through so called container breathing.
The amount of air contained in the air at loading depends at the temperature and the
humidity at loading. If loading at cool temperatures the amount is seldom significant, at most a few hundred grams. At loading in the tropics, however, the total amount of moisture could be a Kg or more.
Most cargo and packaging materials can both absorb and evaporate moisture. What
happens depends on the temperature and how humid the surrounding air is. It is common that the cargo will evaporate during one part of the voyage and absorb during a different part.
No container is airtight. Moisture can move both into and out of the container as a result of temperature variations. Unfortunately, common circumstances will lead to a gradual build up of moisture within the container.
It could very well happen that you start with a very dry cargo, but at some later time the cargo has absorbed a lot of moisture which may be released in a very destructive way. If there is a temperature difference within the cargo, very substantial amounts of moisture may be re-distributed within the cargo. The moisture will always move from the warmer to the colder part.
Any absorbers put in the container are of course expected to be part of the solution and not the problem. Alas, that is not so. Unfortunately almost all kinds of absorbers, other than Absorpole and Absorbag, will re-evaporate moisture under some circumstances, usually in connection with a period of elevated temperature some time into the voyage.


Okinawa Typhoon Website Resources
In the spirit of the Typhoon Season, we thought it would be appropriate to compile a list of Okinawa typhoon websites that are very useful while in Okinawa, Japan.
5. http://www.tropicalstormrisk.com/ – This site is very easy to use and understand. Color coated typhoon tracks and brief explanations. Simple is good.
6. https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/jtwc.html – Our friends at the Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Hawaii. Aside from Zulu time and 6 hours between typhoon updates, they can be somewhat useful.
7. http://www.buoyweather.com/wxnav6.jsp?region=OK&program=nww3BW1&grb=nww3&latitude=26.0&longitude=127.5&zone=9&units=e – Wow, that’s a long address! Check the waves around Okinawa with this site.
8. https://www.kadena.af.mil/Agencies/Local-Weather/ – and of course the local typhoon conditions.
9. https://www.windy.com – Really well designed website and app that shows current and predicted wind conditions. Great to install on your keitai!
We hope this listing is useful to you and your families. If you would like to add to this list, please feel free to post a comment.


Capshaw, AL Storm Damage Help
The Southeast and AL are famous for severe weather. Warm months often create the most dangerous weather like tornadoes, tropical storms and thunderstorms. Sadly, even the most prepared houses or businesses can take on damage from severe weather. The storm damage contractorswith Paul Davis Emergency Services serve the Capshaw region with quick response times and thorough repairs.
Storm Damage Clean Up Contractor
The Paul Davis Emergency specialists have helped locals with storm restoration in days after inclement weather across Capshaw. We are available anytime for first response help and storm damage repair quotes. However severe the damage, you can contact our licensed restoration specialists to repair your property. We contribute to the insurance process and offer storm repair quotes. Paul Davis offers storm damage help for these common problems:
Across the region and in Capshaw, tornadoes have left a trail of destruction in their wake. These severe gusts can cause havoc on vehicles and utility lines and cause additional problems. The storm damage to your property alone can include ripped siding, broken windows, damaged shingles and sometimes entire walls. Landscaping and vehicles aren’t even safe from strong wind storms. If you want an estimate for storm damage, contact the contractors at Paul Davis Emergency Services.
It’s easy to underestimate water because it’s often under our control in our daily life, but water damage can become a intensely destructive natural if let loose on your property. When enough rain falls, water can destroy foundations, drywall, fabrics and create mold when left unchecked. After a flash flood, you might discover damage to your pavement, remaining mud and muck inside, debris around your home and sewage overflow. Paul Davis Emergency specialists also remove water damage, get more information on our service page.
Tropical storms blend the most damaging components of strong winds and rainfall into one serious storm. While tropical storms vary in force, storms have been known to damage homes, level landscaping and move vehicles. Paul Davis Emergency Services performs estimates for hurricane damage.
Frozen rain and hail is a normal part of winter around the South. Large hailstones can bend and splinter shingles and siding, which lead to long-term leaks and compounding damage. Paul Davis Emergency Services are ready to assist you with repairing your property 24/7.


At the beginning of January you can expect higher temperatures, the average highest â¦ Winter weather in Sweden. Most sights and accommodation will be open. Weather in Sweden. January Typical (usual) weather in Sweden in January is this: The average highest temperature in Sweden in January is -0.8 â (30.56 â). 84,154 weather forecasts for all cities, villages and toponyms In Stockholm, the summers are comfortable and partly cloudy and the winters are long, freezing, dry, and mostly cloudy. January 10, 2015. Radar and lightning. January, like December, in Gothenburg, Sweden, is another cold winter month, with average temperature fluctuating between -2°C (28.4°F) and 2.3°C (36.1°F).January is the coldest month, with an average high-temperature of 2.3°C (36.1°F) and an average low-temperature of -2°C (28.4°F). The month of August can at times be very wet. Weather; UV index; Wind; Road; Water temperatures; Forecast This Snow Forecast for Åre, Sweden gives the predicted Snowfall and Freezing Levels for the next week.. The ice hotel makes the most of Sweden's extreme northerly climate and skiers and snowboarders hurtle down the snow-capped mountains. Luckily, Stockholm is located on the protected southeast coast of Sweden, where the Baltic Sea meets Lake Mälaren.As such, Stockholm is shielded from the worst of the arctic weather by the mountains of Norway, so the weather here is more pleasant than foreigners imagine. But the Aurora Borealis and midnight sun keep people coming even in the darkest months. Weather phenomena recorded in previous years in Sweden â Water Temperature in localities in Sweden â Weather forecast for Sweden in February â. Sweden weather. Read more: 10 reasons to spend winter in Sweden. Average Weather in Stockholm Sweden. Weather in Sweden in February 2020. The yearly rainfall is moderate since Norway Mountain act as rain breaker.The Swedish summers are relatively sunny with occasional showers. in the south. Current weather in Sweden â Temperatures in Sweden today Here you can find information on the current weather in Sweden, from Malmö in the south to Kiruna in the north. Precipitation and cloudiness. Sweden's many lakes and the gulfs of Bothnia give Sweden generally a relatively mild climate. In Sweden is dominated by a temperate climate, but due to the significant elongation of submeridional climatic conditions within the country vary. Sturdy footwear, scarves, hats and gloves will be required regardless of where you are. The is a great deal of rainfall in Gothenburg, even in the driest month. Weather forecast in Northern Sweden (Norrland) for 96 ski resorts, mountain weather in Northern Sweden (Norrland) 7 days, weather in Northern Sweden (Norrland) for skiing, weather map: ski weather in Northern Sweden (Norrland) Weather Underground provides local & long-range weather forecasts, weatherreports, maps & tropical weather conditions for the Stockholm area. All times are CET (Europe/Stockholm, GMT +0100) unless otherwise stated. Sea observations Season map Snow depth The Algae situation. The weather in Stockholm has several sides to it. in the far north of Sweden. Stockholm Weather Forecasts. Weather in Sweden in march 2021. Differences can be huge â the country is 1,600 km long. Travel guide and advices. Satellite. Last updated: Su, 29 Nov, 21:22 GMT. Weather in Sweden. Sweden weather. From about late May until mid-July, sunlight lasts around the clock north of the Arctic Circle, but, even as far south as Stockholm, the nights during this period have only a few hours of semidarkness. Sweden has a mostly cool climatic condition, but the southern quarter of the country is always warmer. February is usually Sweden's coldest month, with temperatures from - 22 to -3°C. Warnings Observations Marine & coastal weather Sea weather forecast Sea levels & waves. Characteristic for Sweden are the relatively high summer temperatures and the fairly mild winters compared to the surrounding countries lying on the same latitude. Most of Sweden has a temperate climate with four distinct seasons. The forecast snowfall depths given are the likely average accumulations for the Lower and Upper slopes. At the same time it can be 0°C. Warnings Observations Marine & coastal weather Sea weather forecast Sea levels & waves. These predictions are statistics for march from weather reports for many years. Sweden - Sweden - Climate: About 15 percent of the country lies within the Arctic Circle. Overview Climate. Swedish vacation is usually from June to August, and most people have 4 â¦ Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 22°F to 72°F and is rarely below 6°F or above 81°F. THE WEATHER IN SWEDEN. There are three different climatic zones in Sweden: the south has an oceanic climate, the centre has a humid continental climate, and the north has a subarctic climate. BBC Weather in association with MeteoGroup. Sweden Weather, climate and geography Weather and climate Required clothing. The center-north of Sweden is characterized by long, freezing winters and short, mild summers. Shoulder (SepâOct) Weather is still good, even if no one's around to enjoy it. Some restaurants and shops close in July or August as Swedes take their own holidays. Temperature of water and air, precipitation, amount of days with rain and advice on the best time to visit Sweden. Read an overview of the climate. Photo: Helena Wahlman/imagebank.sweden.se. Weather is far too cold this time of year in Sweden to be enjoyable for warm weather travelers. Sweden weather in February 2021. Get the latest coronavirus (COVID-19) updates for Sweden with current travel advice, statistics and online resources.. Below are average maximum temperatures at popular destinations in Sweden in May. The actual snow depth in Åre, on any given piste or itinerary, may be dramatically different, particularly if the snowfall is accompanied by high winds and/or varying air temperatures. Future climate. In Gothenburg, the climate is warm and temperate. This climate is considered to be Cfb according to â¦ These times of year are the slowest with tourists. Winters in Sweden are quite cold yet short while warm and wet summers boost temperatures between 15 to 25 degrees in July. Select a destination to see more weather parameters. This sounds odd and a little clichéd but the heat in Sweden is not the same as the heat in England. The percentage indicates the possibility of having the weather mentioned. While the weather was unusually warm we were also told that the sun in Sweden feels different. Best Times to Travel âº Sweden Sweden can be broken up into three regions, Götaland (the south), Svealand (the middle) and Norrland (the north) and each region is unique in terms of weather.


SULLIVAN COUNTY, NY (August 28, 2011) – County Manager David Fanslau issued the following statement: "The National Weather Service in Binghamton has issued a High Wind Warning and a Flood Watch for Sullivan County effective through Sunday night. Sullivan County is under a Declaration of a State of Emergency from 12:01 AM Sunday through 5:00 PM on Monday, August 29, 2011.
“Hurricane Irene will move up the East Coast spreading heavy rain across portions of Central New York and Northeast Pennsylvania tonight and Sunday. The greatest rainfall amounts are expected over the Catskills and Poconos, .where storm totals may reach 4 to 7 inches. Flash flooding of streams and creeks are possible, followed by flooding on larger rivers. Flooding is especially likely along the Delaware River and its tributaries.
“A high wind warning is in effect from 6:00 AM to 8:00 PM on Sunday. The Western Catskills and Poconos are targeted in the warning area, especially in the higher terrain.
“The combination of strong winds and saturated ground will result in downed trees and power lines. Winds are expected to be north 30 to 40 mph with gusts up to 60 mph. The expected impacts from these conditions will result in downed trees with likely widespread power outages and possibly property damage.
“A high wind warning is issued when sustained winds of 40 mph are expected for at least an hour, with frequent gusts of 50 mph or greater. Damage to trees, power lines, and property are possible with winds of this magnitude. Be prepared for the possibility of trees blocking roads and widespread power outages. At home, you should be prepared to be without power for several days. Make sure you have adequate supplies of food and medicine.
“A Flood Watch means there is the potential for flooding on small streams, creeks, poor drainage, and low-lying areas based on current forecasts. You should monitor later forecasts and be alert for possible flood warnings. Those living, working, or driving in areas prone to flooding should be prepared to take action should flooding develop. Residents living along streams and creeks should take immediate precautions to protect life and property. Do not attempt to cross swiftly flowing waters or waters of unknown depth by foot or by automobile. Do not underestimate the power of flood waters. Only a few inches of rapidly flowing water can quickly carry away your vehicle.
“I strongly urge any resident who lives near a stream, creek or river to be prepared and alert as Hurricane Irene progresses, and to take preventative measures to protect their property through sandbags, etc. Outdoor, moveable property should be secured, and indoor property should be put up in case of flooding in the home. Furthermore, in case of emergency, all residents in these areas should make preparations to vacate their home if conditions warrant, and are strongly urged to comply with any and all reasonable requests from law enforcement or emergency responders during an emergency.
“County residents, particularly those in flood-prone areas, are also urged to have enough flashlights and extra batteries, canned goods and bottled water for 48 hours, in case of power outage or emergency. Residents are encouraged to make arrangements to check on elderly neighbors, and arrange for pets to be housed either inside, or with proper shelter.
During the State of Emergency and throughout the storm all County residents are urged to remain indoors and off roadways whenever possible. If residents must drive, they are advised to exercise extreme caution when driving through this storm, and to pay special attention not to drive through pooling or standing water. If there are flood conditions on a roadway, please do not travel through the water.
Sullivan County officials will be in contact with all towns, village and fire departments in the flood-prone areas, to ensure all precautionary measures are being taken, and implementing contingency plans in case of flooding. County officials will remain in contact with these towns, village and volunteer first-responders throughout the storm, as they monitor the situations in their own communities.
Should flooding occur in Sullivan County, residents and visitors are urged to visit the County website, http://www.co.sullivan.ny.us, for current news and information."
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Change in the Weather
A&C Black, 10. 5. 2006 - 256 strán (strany)
Eden investigates further the extremes of weather we experience and the dire consequences for farmers, builders and above all insurance companies who live by a calculation of actuarial risk. Many of us have become disconnected from our climate, writes Eden. However bizarre weather events may seem at the time, there is usually a precedent for them, and there is always a scientific explanation. Only by reconnecting in this way can we have proper historical and scientific contexts in which to place the sequence of interesting and unusual meteorological phenomena we will experience in coming years.


Atmosphere: All the gases surrounding Earth
§ 4 billion years ago
§ Methane- CH4 - A combination of Carbon and Hydrogen
§ Ammonia- NH3 – A combination of Nitrogen and Hydrogen
§ Both are deadly to all life
§ A great deal of water vapor
§ Water vapor holds in heat
§ Sunlight triggered chemical reactions
§ Much hydrogen escaped because it was so light
§ Nitrogen became the most abundant gas
§ Carbon from the methane combined with oxygen to form Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
§ Oxygen in the upper atmosphere formed ozone (O3)
§ Ozone is Earth’s protective layer – it protects Earth from the sun’s ultra violet radiation
§ Ozone is a form of oxygen
After 4 billion years our present atmosphere developed with the gases necessary to support all life. These gases are:
§ Nitrogen (N2) – 78%
§ Oxygen (O2) – 21 %
§ Water Vapor (H2O) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) – 1%
§ Trace Gases – All together make up less than 1%
These gases are arranged in layers according to major changes in temperature.
As you travel upward in altitude through the layers air pressure decreases.
Air pressure is the downward push of the air on Earth’s surface.
Gravity is the force that holds all the layers of the atmosphere together.


Photo of the Week – 12-17-10
First Snow on Red Maple Leaves
Santa Fe had its first snow before Thanksgiving which was a light and delicate dusting of white magic. This is supposed to be a dryer winter because of the La Nina weather pattern, but we had a big snowfall yesterday and all last night. This morning we awoke to six or seven inches of snow creating a beautiful white blanket over everything.
As always, your comments and questions are appreciated. You may see more of my images here.


Xinhua | April 23, 2012 14:53
More severe droughts and intense hurricanes will likely hit Cuba due to
world climate change, experts have warned.
According to experts from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC), an organization founded in Geneva in 1988, there is evidence
that some of the weather events in the area are caused by increased
concentration of gases from greenhouse effect in the atmosphere.
Official daily Juventud Rebelde quoted IPCC experts as saying the
Caribbean economies will be greatly affected by these weather events in
the upcoming years.
Cuban television confirmed recently that the island expects more intense
droughts and even greater intensity of hurricanes during the hurricane
season, which goes from June 1 to Nov. 30 every year.
In Cuba, dry periods are becoming more intense and prolonged, turning
them into a growing concern for agriculture authorities.
Abel Centella, assistant science director of the Institute of
Meteorology of Cuba, has warned of increasing climate warming in the
Centella said that after studying the historical series of temperature
on the island, experts concluded that the minimum is rising, while the
maximum remains the same, shortening the temperature variations between
day and night.
As temperatures rise at night and remain almost similar during the day,
the ranges of heat variability reduce and the weather is hot, almost
during the 24 hours of a day, producing a thermal impact on people,
The phenomenon is also affecting the country's agriculture, where crops
like potato, garlic, onion and other vegetables are not developing well,
due to the reduction of temperature difference between day and night.
Last Thursday, economic analyst Ariel Terrero appeared on Cuban
television recalling that the unprecedented severe drought hitting the
island between 2004 and 2005 caused losses worth about 3 billion U.S.
dollars, worse than damages caused by an intense hurricane.
Currently, though the rainy season in the Caribbean begins in May and
June, the weather signals are foretelling another particularly intense
drought, and Cuban authorities are preparing a package of measures to
cope with it.
One sign that predicts another devastating drought, according to local
experts, is that from January to March 2012, the rainfall deficit
reached 70 percent in the island where rainfall is the major source of
The Cuban hydrological official bulletin in April said the rain deficit
was particularly serious in Havana and some provinces.
After the triumph of the Cuban Revolution in 1959 led by Fidel Castro,
the Cuban government took serious measures to redistribute and store water.
Over the past half century, the country has increased its reservoirs and
its capacity to store water from 48 million cubic meters to about 9
billion cubic meters.
In the eastern province of Santiago de Cuba which had been affected by
water shortage for decades, six new reservoirs, an aqueduct and a water
treatment plant have been built.
The problem now is the reservoirs are not filled. Cuban weekly Tribuna
de La Habana reported Sunday that in Havana, the capital city with over
2 million people, about 45,000 people are receiving water supply by tank
trucks from long distances, because the water reservoirs near their
homes do not have enough water to cover their needs.


Wetter Texas. The humidity is 18 percent with a dew point of … Station Data. Unsettled Northwestern U.S. An unsettled Sunday is expected across the Northwestern U.S. with a number of hazards. Sanderson Weather Forecasts. The Time Now ist ein verlässliches Tool, wenn Sie Reisen, Anrufen oder Forschen. Average Weather Data for Sanderson, Texas . SANDERSON, TEXAS (TX) 79848 local weather forecast and current conditions, radar, satellite loops, severe weather warnings, long range forecast. Northwest winds 10 to 20 mph, becoming north in … The change in length of daylight between today and tomorrow is also listed when available. Thank you for reporting this station. The time period when the sun is between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon at either sunrise or sunset. Country: Texas, USA, City: Sanderson. Take control of your data. Be prepared with the most accurate 10-day forecast for Sanderson, TX with highs, lows, chance of precipitation from The Weather Channel and Weather.com WEDNESDAY NIGHT Clear. 7-Tage-Sanderson Vorhersage und Wetterbedingungen. THURSDAY - Sunny. The time of Civil Sunset minus the time of Civil Sunrise. Lows in the mid 30s. Ob Regen, Wind, Regenrisiko, Temperatur oder Sonnenstunden – alle Wetterdaten der Region Texas finden Sie hier im Detail. WEDNESDAY Sunny. The barometric pressure is 29.96 - measured by inch of mercury units - and is since its last observation. Sanderson has a hot semiarid climate (Köppen BSh) bordering both on a cool semiarid climate (BSk) and a hot desert climate (BWh). We recognize our responsibility to use data and technology for good. The time period when the sun is no more than 6 degrees below the horizon at either sunrise or sunset. It is 74 degrees fahrenheit, or 23 degrees celsius and feels like 74 degrees fahrenheit. Hi/Low, RealFeel®, precip, radar, & everything you need to be ready for the day, commute, and weekend! The time of Actual Sunset minus the time of Actual Sunrise. Use escape to clear. Subtropical Storm Theta becomes record-breaking 29th … Die Wettervorhersage für Texas. Sanderson, TX Weather Forecast. This Dog in the Snow Is What We Need Right Now, Lyme Disease Now a Big Problem for Americans, Photos of the Deadly 6.2 Magnitude Earthquake That Struck Indonesia, Exploring the Enchanted Ice Castles in North Woodstock, New Hampshire, How Winter Fashion Has Changed in 100 Years (PHOTOS), Heavy Rains and Wind Trigger Landslide in Oregon (PHOTOS), How To Protect Yourself From Getting Sick While Traveling, 11 Reasons You Should Get Your Flu Shot This Year, Here’s What to Know About the Universal Flu Vaccines Being Studied, Check Our Interactive Map and Informational Hub, Democratic Republic of the Congo | Français, State of Vatican City (Holy See) | Italiano. What Will Rest of Winter Bring Across the Country? The sun does not contribute to the illumination of the sky before this time in the morning, or after this time in the evening. Location Time (cst) Sky/Weather Temp. Rain? Monthly: 1981-2010 normals History: 2007-2013 2:49 PM CST Wed Jan 13 2021. January is the snowiest month in Sanderson … Find out how often it rains, snows, and the gets cold or hot in Sanderson. Latest weather News: Texas man makes free canes for veterans in need using discarded Christmas trees The most pleasant months of the year for Sanderson are October, April and March. The horizon is well defined and the outline of objects might be visible without artificial light. The current weather report for Sanderson TX, as of 1:51 PM CST TUE NOV 10 2020, has a sky condition of Fair with the visibility of N/A miles. Aktuelles Wetter in Sanderson: Temperatur, Schnee, Regen, Wind, Luftfeuchtigkeit, Wetterwarnungen, etc Weather; Videos; Alerts 551; Radar; Maps; Satellites; Models; World °F. Das Wetter in Sanderson - TX - Wettervorhersage für 14 Tage. Sanderson past weather with historical weather conditions for the last 30 days, including history of previous high and low temperatures, humidity, dew point, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, wind gust, and rain fall totals for the Sanderson … The Time Now bietet genaue (US Netzwerk für Uhren) synchronisierte Zeiten und Service in Sanderson, Texas, USA. Climate information with charts. Average monthly temperatures and weather for Sanderson (TX), united-states. Sanderson, TX - Weather forecast from Theweather.com. Take control of your data. Southwest winds 10 to 15 mph. Southwest winds 10 to 15 mph with gusts up to 25 mph. Find the most current and reliable 14 day weather forecasts, storm alerts, reports and information for Sanderson, TX, US with The Weather Network. (ºF) Dewpt. Highs in the mid 60s. The highest monthly average temperature in Sanderson for August is 85 degrees The lowest monthly average temperature in Sanderson for January is 49 degrees The most monthly precipitation in Sanderson occurs in July with 1.8 inches The air quality index in Sanderson is 44% better than the national average Sanderson, TX average temperature is 65.2F, which ranked #1352 in Texas. . Ice? You are about to report this weather station for bad data. New York 43° 25° Miami Beach Coast Guard Station 74° 68° Boston 39° 26° Chicago 38° 29° Home. Includes monthly temperatures, rainfall, hours of sunshine and relative humidity Easy to use weather radar at your fingertips! … West winds 10 to 15 mph. January February March April May June July August September October November December; Average Monthly … Please select the information that is incorrect. Your localized Travel weather forecast, from AccuWeather, provides you with the tailored weather forecast that you need to plan your day's activities Get the historical monthly weather forecast for Sanderson, TX, US Aktuelle Ortszeit und Geoinfo für Sanderson, Texas, USA . In Sanderson, there are 3 comfortable months with high temperatures in the range of 70-85°. One still should be able to carry on ordinary outdoor activities. July is the hottest month for Sanderson with an average high temperature of 93.6°, which ranks it as cooler than most places in Texas. We will review the data in question.


Latest on Hurricane Sandy, winds gust up to 50 mph in California
- by admin
STORM STORM: Tropical storm Sandy made landfall near Los Angeles on Wednesday, making landfall near the city’s coast and making landfall on the West Coast in California.
Sandy is expected to continue to move north across the West, bringing winds in excess of 50 mph to coastal areas and damaging coastal structures.
The National Hurricane Center warned that Sandy will strengthen, as it moves closer to the coast, and that coastal flooding will continue.
This is a developing story.
A strong wind and rain will continue to cause flooding in coastal areas for the next several days.
As of Wednesday afternoon, the National Weather Service had recorded winds of over 65 mph.
The storm has already dumped some 70 inches of rain in some parts of the West and a total of more than 11 inches in Southern California.
The hurricane, which is about 50 mph winds and gusts of up to 60 mph, is forecast to continue moving east across the country and the South.
Weather experts say Sandy is the most powerful storm to hit the U.S. since Hurricane Andrew in 1988.
The weather service says the storm is expected as a category 4 hurricane, the most dangerous category in hurricane status.
There were reports of damage in parts of southern California, but not in the coastal areas, the weather service said.
Sandy was expected to bring heavy rains to the West during the next couple of days, bringing heavy snow to parts of California and southern New England.
The forecast for the storm has not changed significantly from Tuesday night.
The rain and snow is expected in California by Wednesday, with heavy amounts in the mountains by Thursday.
Forecasters are predicting that the storm will likely remain a tropical storm until Friday.
It’s a little bit harder to predict where Sandy will be headed and where it will affect the East Coast, forecasters said.
The agency said Sandy’s impact on the East coast could be significant.
The Storm Prediction Center said the storm could affect Florida, Georgia, North Carolina and Virginia.
But those states were more in the path of Sandy than the East.
The center’s track also predicted that the next day, the storm was likely to move away from the East, making it a bit easier to forecast where Sandy would be headed.
STORM STORM: Tropical storm Sandy made landfall near Los Angeles on Wednesday, making landfall near the city’s coast and making…
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Powder dreams to be had in Vail Valley for MLK holiday
Northwest flow still dominant; Aspen/Snowmass chances increase
Cool, cloudy and calm skies await major change today as northwest winds will increase during the day.
Temps for today will dip into the lower 20s at Vail/Beaver Creek and Aspen/Snowmass. Look for winds in the 15-20 mph range with gusts in the 30-mph range. We will see some flurries by mid day with any accumulation beginning by resort closing time.
Aspen/Snowmass forecast looks better than expected, as we see a more organized storm filter into northwest Colorado by MLK Day on Monday. Expect 4-8 inches for the morning report Monday at Vail/Beaver Creek, with Aspen/Snowmass in the 2-5 range, favoring Snowmass.
Temps will be cooler Monday with on-mountain highs in the low 20s and winds in the 15-25 mph range at the summit. Snow will stay much of the day Monday, with lingering showers expected for Tuesday.
We could see an additional 4-8 overnight Monday as better dynamics assist the already good energy. Another shot at snow for late next week, as La Nina is staying true to her history.
For those of you with an extra day of skiing, enjoy the next 24 hours, as anticipation for a powder day will lead to snow filled dreams, and surely an MLK weekend to remember.
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Haze Hit Penang Island
Latest. Haze has hit Penang since yesterday (Friday). This is taken from my house.The visibility is almost like around 200 meters only. More than that you can't see a thing.
The apartment is about 100 meters from my house. Look the haze is so bad.
Photo taken 11.00am Sat 13/8/2005
According to the weather forecast there will be thunderstorm on Sunday. Keeping my fingers cross and hope the rain will clear the skys by tomorrow.( at least some)


Weather Singapore - Weather forecast: - for today, - for tomorrow, - for a week, - for a month.Weather data from meteorological stations are processed every hour, so it gives the opportunity to provide the most accurate forecast, even hourly weather. Hourly Weather Forecast >>.Please also visit Singapore Historical Weather, Text Weather and Weather Charts pages. Historical or past weather forecast page provides historical weather forecast from 1st July, 2008 till now in 3 hourly interval. The National Weather conditions Service is your better source regarding complete climate forecast along with weather associated information on the world wide web. - Online Hourly Weather Forecast Singapore. Hikersbay presents current and long-term weather forecast for Singapore People usually expect nice weather while travelling. Take a look at the forecast, summer and winter temperatures in Singapore Hourly Local Weather Forecast, weather conditions, precipitation, dew point, humidity, wind from Weather.com and The Weather Channel.Singapore, Singapore Hourly Weather. 3:46 pm SGT. Find the most current and reliable hourly weather forecasts, storm alerts, reports and information for Singapore, SG with The Weather Network. This report illustrates the typical weather in Singapore, based on a statistical analysis of historical hourly weather reports and model reconstructions from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2016. Scratchbox. Warning UK. Weather Maps.Singapore. Singapur/Paya. » Thailand.
» Vietnam. Western. new WeatherOnline Weather App. Weather in Singapore, Singapore : 5 day Forecast, Temperature, humidity, rain , sun forecast for Singapore. Monthly average weather in Singapore through out the year.Singapore 24 hour Weather Forecast. Hour-by-Hour Forecast for Singapore, Singapore. Now. 79 F. Passing clouds. Feels Like: 82 F Forecast: 78 / 88 F Wind: 12 mph from Northeast.
Favorites. Search Results. Weather. Republic of Singapore, SG. 29. Conditions: broken clouds.Hourly Forecast Evolution (C). Temperature. A- A. Contact Us. Weather.24-HOUR FORECAST. Thundery showers mainly over northern, western and central Singapore in the late afternoon and evening.8.30 am to 10.30 am Updated at 8.34 am 2 Mar. Current Rain Areas. Weather. Regional forecasts.UK Outlook for Monday 5 Mar 2018 to Wednesday 14 Mar 2018: Further rain, sleet or snow is expected into the early part of next week, as an area of low pressure moves north across the UK with showers following. Hourly forecast.Weather informers (ru). Weather in Singapore for your website in a few minutes. Accurate Weather Forecast in Singapore and around the world from Gismeteo. Hour by hour weather updates and local hourly weather forecasts for Benton, AR including, temperature, precipitation, dew point, humidity and wind. weather forecast singapore hourly, watermelon girl canada, how to cut scene emo hair for girls, hotmail sign in uk co, hotmail sign in page login at your account, how to change iphone 3gs back panel, weather radar uk, weather radar screen, hotmail sign in page multiple accounts Environment Canadas weather web site provides official weather warnings, current conditions, forecasts, and weather models, for public and marine areas in Canada.Link to the hourly forecast page has been added from the "Area forecasts" tab. 10 day Singapore Weather Forecast. Live Weather Warnings, hourly weather updates.Live weather reports from Singapore weather stations and weather warnings that include risk of thunder, high UV index and forecast gales. 7 day, 14 day and 25 day weather forecasts for Singapore. Accurate and updated regularly by Holiday Weather.Thu 1st Mar : Singapore Hourly Forecast. Weather Forecast in Singapore City. The exact time in Singaporesee hourly weather forecast in Singapore. Temperature trend. Singapore weather forecast for 15 days. Todays weather in Singapore, Singapore.Weatherandtime.net gives you the opportunity to host the weather and time widgets Singapore on your site, as well as other Singaporecities. Live video weather updates and news from WSBTV Atlanta. Hourly Weather Forecast.Severe Weather Outlook. Sever storm tracking for the Atlanta area. Pictures. Browse weather-related photos from your fellow Atlantans. Current and forecast weather conditions for Singapore including seasonal information for travelers.More weather for Singapore. Powered by Weather Underground. Hourly forecast.Updated: 22/1/2018 at 16:00 (Local time) Data: Singapore / Paya Lebar. Historical - One year ago. Data reported by the weather station on January 22, 2017. Get the Singapore hour-by-hour weather forecast including temperature, RealFeel and chance of precipitation for Singapore, Singapore from AccuWeather.com.Singapore Hourly Weather. Follow us on. Login. Weather forecast next 6 days in Singapore. Show Less Details. Сегодня 28 February.Weather forecast for Singapore, next 48 hours.visit World Weather line today Holiday weather information including forecast climate history latest weather and more Latest hourly weather forecast forprecipitation for your area Singapore Travel guide Featuring things to do in Singapore sightseeing history and culture shopping places to eat


Hanoi, as well as Vietnam, has a tropical climate, many rainstorms and no snow as Japan, Korea, Europe and American...
|Hanoi weather and temperature in June: Free bottled water|
Hanoi has four clearly seasons, including spring, summer, autumn and winter, while June is the climax of tropical summer. If you ask when the highest temperature is in Hanoi and in the North of Vietnam, surely answer is in June.
In the previous article about Hanoi temperature in May, I wrote that “May is just the beginning of summer in Hanoi with the temperature begins to rise gradually (but the highest temperature is still 30 – 33 degrees Celsius and everyone still feels comfortable)”. But in June, "as hot as pouring fire" is the oft-quoted among people in the North of Vietnam.
In June, Hanoi weather with high temperature up to 37-38 degrees Celsius. And it is able to make prolonged consecutive heatwave so temperature can up to 39-40 degrees Celsius at 12:00 to 13:00.
The cause of heatwave appearance in Hanoi in June is due to strong winds begin to bring hot dry climate blowing from the West of the Asian continent to the East, which is hot depression part started from Sichuan, China.
|Hanoi weather and temperature in June: Very thirsty on street|
On the way of the wind moving from West to East, the steam has been retained in the area of Hoang Lien Son mountain where has famous Fansipan Mount is regarded as the roof of Indochina. Therefore, only extremely hot dry airflow blows to Hanoi and the East.
On days with Westerly winds (Vietnamese people often call Laos wind because it is blowing from Laos), temperatures will up to 39-40 even 41-42 degrees Celsius in Hanoi.
In the early morning, hot sunshine appears at 7 A.M. The sun sets later, so sky is completely dark around 7 P.M in June.
In June, it continues to appear rainfall and large thunderstorms in Hanoi causing severe flooding on many major routes - Please read: Rainy season Hanoi. But according to my experience, it also appears about three to four heatwaves with temperatures are at 39 and 40 degrees Celsius.
|Hanoi weather and temperature in June. Photo: zing.vn|
When I read on Vietnam tourism forums, many people usually advised that visitors should restrict travel to Hanoi in June to July and postpone to September of October. You can read the article: The best time to go to Vietnam to take a right decision.
However, summer is the time when the people of Hanoi as well as Vietnamese people go travelling most crowded. They want to go to beautiful and exciting beach resorts to escape the heat in big cities such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City...
|Hanoi weather and temperature in June|
The people of Hanoi seem to dislike June, because it is the hottest month when the weather can make them feel tired and uncomfortable.
If you go out in the morning or afternoon in June, you wear not only sunglasses but also wide skirt, hat to shade from the sun.
However, if you want to own beautiful brown skin, we welcome you to Vietnam in June.


Promoting sustainable growth in Asia
Título: Promoting sustainable growth in Asia / Won Jong-Gyu
Autor: Jong-Gyu, Won
Notas: Sumario: Natural catastrophes are increasing both in frequency and intensity across the world, and there is growing evidence the upward trend is closely associated with global warming and climate change. A wide range of extreme and unusual weather events are taking place worldwide. Among the most recent examples are a sweltering heat wave in Queensland, Australia, and asevere cold spell in the US and Canada early this year, as well as asevere snowstorm in Jerusalem, Israel, and some parts of the Middle East last December.
Outras classificações: 328.1
Direitos: In Copyright (InC): http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/


The decade of the 1880s was an uncommonly snowy, blizzard-ridden span of time in North America. Why?
Today is a good day to consider the famous blizzard when New York City was struck by a fierce snowstorm, as 0ne hundred twenty-nine years ago today, on March 11, 1888, the weather turned from “a brief spell of warmer weather [source]” to disastrous.
The upper Midwest (and well beyond) suffered “a string of frightfully frigid winters” through the decade of the 1880s. The winter of 1880-81 set in early, harsh, and deep…and extended well beyond its normal boundaries.
In the three year winter period from December 1885 to March 1888, the Great Plains and Eastern United States suffered a series of the worst blizzards in this nation’s history ending with the Schoolhouse Blizzard and the Great NYC Blizzard of 1888. The massive explosion of the volcano Krakatoa in the South Pacific (in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia)) late in August 1883 is a suspected cause of these huge blizzards during these several years. The clouds of ash it emitted continued to circulate around the world for many years. Weather patterns continued to be chaotic for years, and temperatures did not return to normal until 1888. Record rainfall was experienced in Southern California during July 1883 to June 1884. The Krakatoa eruption injected an unusually large amount of sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas high into the stratosphere which reflects sunlight and helped cool the planet over the next few years until the suspended atmospheric sulfur fell to ground. (emphasis added) [source]
THE SNOW WINTER (LONG WINTER) of 1880-81
Laura Ingalls Wilder’s book: The Long Winter details the effects of the blizzards on the Dakota Territory of the winter of 1880-81. From various blog posts all over the internet, I read historians were so impressed by the accuracy of Laura’s remembrances–as she wrote it 60 years after it happened. The memories must’ve been extreme to remember with such vivid recall.
The winter of 1880â€“1881 is widely considered the most severe winter ever known in the United States. Many childrenâ€”and their parentsâ€”learned of “The Snow Winter” through the children’s book The Long Winter by Laura Ingalls Wilder, in which the author tells of her family’s efforts to survive. The snow arrived in October 1880 and blizzard followed blizzard throughout the winter and into March 1881, leaving many areas snowbound throughout the entire winter. Accurate details in Wilder’s novel include the blizzards’ frequency and the deep cold, the Chicago and North Western Railway stopping trains until the spring thaw because the snow made the tracks impassable, the near-starvation of the townspeople, and the courage of her future husband Almanzo and another man, who ventured out on the open prairie in search of a cache of wheat that no one was even sure existed.
The October blizzard brought snowfalls so deep that two-story homes had snow up to the second floor windows. No one was prepared for the deep snow so early in the season and farmers all over the region were caught before their crops had even been harvested, their grain milled, or with their fuel supplies for the winter in place. By January the train service was almost entirely suspended from the region. Railroads hired scores of men to dig out the tracks but it was a wasted effort: As soon as they had finished shoveling a stretch of line, a new storm arrived, filling up the line and leaving their work useless.
There were no winter thaws and on February 2, 1881, a second massive blizzard struck that lasted for nine days. In the towns the streets were filled with solid drifts to the tops of the buildings and tunneling was needed to secure passage about town. Homes and barns were completely covered, compelling farmers to tunnel to reach and feed their stock.(emphasis added)
In September of 1881 (16th), Iowa had widespread measurable snowfall. Significant enough that the record stands as one of only two days in which snow has fallen in Iowa in the month of September. [source]
The “Big Drift” of 1884-1885 was a cattle migration spawned by a major snowstorm on the Texas Plains that winter, pushed cattle on the open range over 600 miles, from the Arkansas River country of Colorado to the Pecos River, the Devils River and the Frio River of Texas, and resulted int he death of literally hundreds of thousands of cattle.
â€œFrom the time that sheep and cattlemen opened the great grass lands to grazing herds, wealth of various degrees depended on the fickle elements of weather and on transportation of herds to market centers.
An entire herd of 22,000 cattle could be reduced to 80 head by a rapid drop in temperature and a high wind as happened in the blizzard of 1886.â€
Yet, according to Dearen, there was only one â€œbig driftâ€ that was greater than all the others and it is the one that occurred in the winter of 1884-1885.
â€œThat was the big one,â€ said Dearen, â€œthat eclipsed all the other cattle drifts.â€ [source] (emphasis added)
AN ICY MAY in Iowa (May 6, 1885)
1885: A late spring cold spell produced frost and flurries across Iowa from May 6-9, 1885.Â On the morning of the 6th it was reported that ice half an inch thick formed on standing water in Muscatine County. Flurries were reported at Sibley, St. Ansgar, and Waukon that morning and at other stations across northern Iowa on the following two days. The cold spell resulted in widespread damage to garden plants, orchards, and other vegetation across the state. [source] (emphasis added)
PLAINS BLIZZARD OF LATE 1885
In Kansas, heavy snows of late 1885 had piled drifts ten feet high.
KANSAS BLIZZARD OF 1886
First week of January 1886.
Reported that 80 percent of the cattle were frozen to death in that state alone from the cold and snow.
If all this wasn’t enough…
On April 14, 1886, at least 19 tornadoes touched down and ripped across Iowa. A widespread and deadly tornado outbreak ripped Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri and Texas. Several of these tornadoes were said to produce significant damage including one that produced F4 damage, killing 3 people and injuring 18 others. This F4 tornado traveled from near Griswold, Iowa (Cass County) through Audubon and Guthrie Counties destroying most of Coon Rapids, Iowa before dissipating near Churdan, Iowa. Another tornado produced F3 damage in Taylor and Adams counties injuring at least 15 people. Further north in Minnesota, several significant tornadoes developed and probably the most notable tornado of the day was estimated to be a F4 that tore up the cities of Sauk Rapids, Saint Cloud, and Rice, Minnesota. This F4 tornado killed 72 people and injured more than 200 and caused over $400,000 in damages. In 2015 dollars, that would be roughly $10.4 million dollars. This has been Minnesotaâ€™s deadliest tornado to date. [source]
GREAT PLAINS BLIZZARDS OF LATE 1886
On November 13, 1886 it reportedly began to began to snow and did not stop for a month in the Great Plains region.
When a huge snowstorm accompanied by high winds hit the central plains in the first week of January, drifts of six feet or more were common and the temperature dropped to 30 degrees below zero in some places. The snow and wind were so fierce that people became lost a few yards from their homes. It has been estimated that nearly 100 Kansans froze to death during the storm.
Meanwhile, cattle turned their tails to the wind and â€œdriftedâ€ for miles across the open range until they dropped from hunger or exhaustion. Losses reached 75 percent in some areas, consequently bankrupting some large western Kansas cattle companies.
GREAT PLAINS BLIZZARD OF 1887
January 9â€“11, 1887. Reported 72-hour blizzard that covered parts of the Great Plains in more than 16 inches of snow. Winds whipped and temperatures dropped to around -50F. So many cows that werenâ€™t killed by the cold soon died from starvation. When spring arrived, millions of the animals were dead, with around 90 percent of the open rangeâ€™s cattle rotting where they fell. Those present reported carcasses as far as the eye could see. Dead cattle clogged up rivers and spoiled drinking water. Many ranchers went bankrupt and others simply called it quits and moved back east. The “Great Die-Up” from the blizzard effectively concluded the romantic period of the great Plains cattle drives.
“The Longest winter: Season of 1887-88 brought deadly storms” [source]
A.k.a. Schoolchildren’s Blizzard: hit the U.S. Plains states on January 12, 1888. The blizzard came unexpectedly on a relatively warm day, and many people were caught unaware, including children in one-room schoolhouses. [source]
The so-called â€œSchoolhouse Blizzard,â€ also known as â€œThe Childrenâ€™s Blizzard,â€ blew down from Canada and into areas that are now South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho. Temperatures dropped from above freezing in many areas to well below zero in a matter of a few hours. At the same time, more than six inches of powdery snow, accompanied by severe winds, blew in, creating whiteout conditions through much of the region. [source: Farmer’s Almanac]
Schoolhouse Blizzard of 1888, North American Great Plains. January 12â€“13, 1888. What made the storm so deadly was the timing (during work and school hours), the suddenness, and the brief spell of warmer weather that preceded it. In addition, the very strong wind fields behind the cold front and the powdery nature of the snow reduced visibilities on the open plains to zero. People ventured from the safety of their homes to do chores, go to town, attend school, or simply enjoy the relative warmth of the day. As a result, thousands of peopleâ€”including many schoolchildrenâ€”got caught in the blizzard.Â [source]
Seattle writer David Laskin reconstructed the storm in â€œThe Children’s Blizzard” in 2004:
“For years afterward, at gatherings of any size in Dakota or Nebraska, there would always be people walking on wooden legs or holding fingerless hands behind their backs or hiding missing ears under hats â€” victims of the blizzard.”
GREAT BLIZZARD OF 1888
(March 11-March 14, 1888) was one of the most severe recorded blizzards in the history of the United States of America. The storm, referred to as the Great White Hurricane, paralyzed the East Coast from the Chesapeake Bay to Maine, as well as the Atlantic provinces of Canada. [source]
Great Blizzard of 1888 March 11â€“13, 1888. One of the most severe recorded blizzards in the history of the United States. On March 12, an unexpected northeaster hit New England and the mid-Atlantic, dropping up to 130Â cm (50Â in) of snow in the space of two days. Some 400 people died, including many sailors aboard vessels that were beset by gale-force winds and turbulent seas. In parts of New York City, snowdrifts reached up to the second story of some buildings.Â [source]
THE GREAT BLIZZARD OF 1888
The weather preceding the blizzard was unseasonably mild with heavy rains that turned to snow as temperatures dropped rapidly. The storm began in earnest shortly after midnight on March 12, and continued unabated for a full day and a half. The National Weather Service estimated this Nor’easter dumped as much as 50 inches (130Â cm) of snow in parts of Connecticut and Massachusetts, while parts of New Jersey and New York had up to 40 inches (100 cm). Most of northern Vermont received from 20 inches (51Â cm) to 30 inches (76Â cm) in this storm.
Drifts were reported to average 30â€“40 feet (9.1â€“12.2Â m), over the tops of houses from New York to New England, with reports of drifts covering three-story houses. The highest drift (52 feet or 16 metres) was recorded in Gravesend, New York. It was reported that 58 inches (150Â cm) of snow fell in Saratoga Springs, New York; 48 inches (120Â cm) in Albany, New York; 45 inches (110Â cm) of snow in New Haven, Connecticut; and 22 inches (56Â cm) of snow in New York City. The storm also produced severe winds; 80 miles per hour (129Â km/h) wind gusts were reported, although the highest official report in New York City was 40 miles per hour (64Â km/h), with a 54 miles per hour (87Â km/h) gust reported at Block Island. New York’s Central Park Observatory reported a minimum temperature of 6Â Â°F (âˆ’14Â Â°C), and a daytime average of 9Â Â°F (âˆ’13Â Â°C) on March 13, the coldest ever for March. (emphasis added)
March 11-14, 1888
More than 120 winters have come and gone since the so-called â€œGreat White Hurricane,â€ but this whopper of a storm still lives in infamy. After a stretch of rainy but unseasonably mild weather, temperatures plunged and vicious winds kicked up, blanketing the East Coast in snow and creating drifts up to 50 feet high. The storm immobilized New York, Boston and other major cities, blocking roads and wiping out telephone, telegraph and rail service for several days. When the skies finally cleared, fires and flooding inflicted millions of dollars of damage. The disaster resulted in more than 400 deaths, including 200 in New York City alone. In the decade that followed, partly in response to the 1888 storm and the massive gridlock it wrought, New York and Boston broke ground on the countryâ€™s first underground subway systems. [Source: History.com]
THE BURIED CITY; A NIGHT OF DEVASTATION, How The Tempest Howled and Raged Through the Dark Wilderness Streets; Perishing Men and Women.
~ The New York Herald of March 14, 1888, quoted by NBCNewYork.com
… the worst storm the city has ever known. [New York was] helpless in a tornado of wind and snow which paralyzed all industry, isolated the city from the rest of the country, caused many accidents and a great discomfort and exposed it to many dangers.
~ The New York Times on March 13, 1888, quoted by NBCNewYork.com
The blizzard raged from March 11 to March 14. The New York Public Library archives estimated that 200 people died in New York City. The New York Times reported that 21 inches of snow fell in three days, with winds reaching 85 miles an hour.
The New York Herald called the storm the â€œGreat White Hurricane.â€ In an accompanying article on March 13, the newspaper reported: â€A great white hurricane roared all day through New York yesterday and turned the comfortable city into a wild and bewildering waste of snow and ice.â€
Copyright Â© 2017 Kristin Holt LC


The Katikiro of Buganda, Hon. Peter Mayiga recently met with UNMA staff headed by the Manager Engineering /ICT, Mr. Solomon Mangeni to discuss partnering in instatllation of vital Meterological equipment in various places including those within the Buganda Kingdom.
The current El Niño episode has been evolving since June 2015 and is now fully developed. The Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA) in collaboration with the majority of international and regional climate centers predict that the 2015-16 El Niño is likely to strengthen further before the end of the year and is likely to persist to early 2016.
Based on this predisction, UNMA as part of its obligations, continues to advise several sectors on how to manage the impacts of El Niño.
The advisories to specific sectors are presented in: http://unma.go.ug/index.php/alerts/disaster-warnings
Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA) has warned the public about the illegal issuance of weather forecasts without authorisation from the Authority.
The Public and all other institutions that utilise and disseminate weather information should therefore be guided by UNMA Act 2012: Section 33.
Uganda National Meteorological Authority recently conducted an induction course for all newly recruited staff and those from the Ministry of Water and Environment, Department of Metereology. The Induction took place at Jinja Hotel and Tourism Training Institute. The staff were obliged to swear an Oath of Secrecy at this Induction.
Among the activities, were insighting presentations from a number of speakers including:
UNMA Managers swear an Oath of Secrecy during the recently concluded general Induction course held at Jinja in the presence of the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, Dr. Robert Rutaagi.
WMO has released Series 4 of the Future Weather Videos in advance of the December 2015 United Nations climate change conference in Paris (COP-21).
These videos highlight the need for action to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions and strengthen our climate resilience. To find out what could lie in store, the WMO invited television weather presenters from around the world to imagine a “weather report from the year 2050.” What they created are only possible scenarios, of course, and not true forecasts. Nevertheless, they are based on the most up-to-date climate science, and they paint a compelling picture of what life could be like on a warmer planet.
On 5th Novemebr 2015, the WMO Weather Video 2050 for Uganda through the Uganda National Meteorological Authority (UNMA) was premiered and posted at www.wmo.int/climatebroadcasts and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=134fTjafDs4&feature=youtu.be


Chapter – 4
In this post, we have given the Important Questions of Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 (Climate) in English. These Important Questions are useful for the students who are going to appear in Class 9 exams.
|CBSE Board, UP Board, JAC Board, Bihar Board, HBSE Board, UBSE Board, PSEB Board, RBSE Board
|Class 9 Social Science Important Questions in English
Very Short Answer Type Questions(1 Marks each)
Q1. What type of climate india has?
Q2. What is climate?
Ans. Climate refers to the average, or typical, weather conditions observed over a long period (above 30 years) of time for a given area.
Q3. Which type of climate is found mainly in the south and the South-East Asia?
Q4. In which places, there is a wide difference between day and night temperatures?
Ans. Thar Desert, (in the day temperature may rise to 50″C, and drop down to near 15″C the same night)
Q5. In which places, there is hardly any difference in day and night temperatures?
Ans. Andaman and Nicobar islands or in Kerala.
Q6. In Which months, most parts of the India received rainfall?
Ans. June to September
Q7. Which type of areas experience less contrasts in temperature conditions.
Ans. Coastal areas
Q8. What is the originating point of North Easterly wind?
Ans. These winds originate from the subtropical high-pressure belt of the northern hemisphere.
Q9. What is meant by Coriolis force?
Ans. Coriolis force refers to the apparent force caused by the earth’s rotation.
Q10. What do you mean by Jet stream?
Ans. Jet stream are a narrow belt of high altitude (above 12,000 m) westerly winds in the troposphere. Their speed varies from about 110 km/h in summer to about 184 km/h in winter.
Q11. What is Inter Tropical Convergence Zone?
Ans. The Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ,) is a broad trough of low pressure in equatorial latitudes. This is where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge.
Q12. What is meant by ‘pressure differences were negative”?
Ans. It mean below average and late monsoons.
Q13. What is El-Nino?
Ans. El Nino is a feature connected to Southern Oscillation. it is the phenomenon in which a warm ocean current that flows past the Peruvian Coast, in place of the cold Peruvian current, every 2 to 5 years.
Q14. Which region of India does not have a well defined cold season?
Ans. The Peninsular region
Q15. What is a a striking feature of the hot weather season?.
Q16. Which area receives the highest average rainfall in the world?
Q17. What is the most important factor in thunderstorms development?
Ans. Atmospheric stability
Q18. What is the highest wind velocity?
Q19 What is tool to measure the wind speed?
Q20 What is temperature?
Ans. Temperature is a measure of the internal thermal energy state of a substance.
Short/Long Answer Type Questions(3/5 marks)
Q1. What are the reasons behind the variety in lives of people – in terms of the food, clothes and houses?
- variation in temperature
- variation in atmospheric pressure
- variation in wind
- variation in humidity
- variation in precipitation
Q2. Describe the major controls of the climate?
Ans. There are six major controls of the climate of any place. They are:
- Pressure and wind system,d. Distance from the sea
- Ocean currents
- Relief features
Q3. Discuss the role of earth’s curvature in influencing climatic condition of a place.
- The amount of solar energy received varies according to latitude.
- Air temperature generally decreases from the equator towards the poles
- Atmosphere becomes less dense and temperature decreases.
Q4. What are the factors affecting climate of the india?
- Pressure and Winds
Q5. “The pressure and wind conditions over India are unique.” Elaborate.
- During winter: High-pressure area north of the Himalayas, Cold dry winds blow from this region to the low-pressure areas over the oceans to the south.
- In summer: A low-pressure area develops over interior Asia as well as over northwestern India. This causes a complete reversal of the direction of winds during summer.
Q6. How many seasons are experienced in the India?
Ans. Four main seasons can be identified in India –
- the cold weather season- December to February
- the hot weather season- March to May
- the advancing monsoon- July to Mid September
- the retreating monsoon- Mid September to November
Q7. Analyse the role of Himalayas in influencing the climate of India.
- Himalayas effectively intercept the summer monsoons coming from the Bay of Bengal and Arabian sea and cause precipitation in form of rain or snow
- Himalayas prevent the cold continental air masses of central asia form entering to india
- Himalayas are responsible for splitting the jet stream in to two branches.
Q8. Discuss the conditions of retreating monsoon.
- Retreating monsoon is the period of transition
- during transition low pressure of the north-west shifts to the Bay of Bengal
- formation of cyclones over the Bay of Bengal
Q9. ‘In spite of abundant rainfall, India is a water thirsty land’. Why is it so?
- occurrence of rainfall in a few months
- rapid run off and the quick evaporation of rainwater
- long breaks and delays in the monsoon
Q10. Why does western parts of Rajasthan enjoy desert climate? Give reasons.
- during monsoon pass, thar desert become warmer and increase their capacity to hold moisture instead of shedding moisture.
- Aravalli hills fall parallel to the Arabian sea and they do not act as barrier.
Q11. Why are the great variations in the climate of the India?
Ans. The Indian climate is controlled by the following factors:
- Surface winds
- Upper current
Q12. Describe the three main characteristics of the monsoon.
- Seasonal reversal of direction in the winds system.
- Seasonal heavy rainfall and drought.
- It unites the whole sub continent in a single climate thread of monsoon.
We hope that Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 (Climate) Important Questions in English helped you. If you have any queries about Class 9 Social Science Chapter 4 (Climate) Important Questions in English or about any other notes of Class 9 Social Science in English, so you can comment below. We will reach you as soon as possible…


Scientists have developed molecular cages within a polymer to trap harmful sulfur dioxide pollution to be able to transform it into useful compounds and reduce waste and emissions.
A unique new material created by an international collaboration of scientists has proved that it can assist in reducing sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions in the atmosphere by selectively catching the molecules in minutely engineered cages. The trapped toxic gas can then be safely released for conversion into suitable industrial products and processes.
Nearly 87% of sulfur dioxide emissions are the result of human activity, usually produced by power utilities, different industrial facilities, trains, ships, and heavy tools, and can be harmful to the well-being and the environment. The worldwide team advanced porous, cage-like, stable copper-containing molecules, often called organic molecular frameworks (MOFs), that are created to separate sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas from other gases more efficiently than existing methods.
Professor Martin Schröder, Vice-President and Dean of the School of Science and Engineering at the University of Manchester, and Dr. Sihai Yang, a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Manchester, led a global analysis team from UK and U.S. on this research.
The researchers exposed the MOFs to simulated exhaust gases and discovered that they effectively separated out SO2 from the gas combination at elevated temperatures, even in the presence of water.
The analysis, led by The University of Manchester and published in journal Nature Supplies, confirmed a vast enhancement in efficiency compared to existing SO2 capture techniques, which might produce a lot of liquid and solid waste and may only eliminate as much as 95% of the toxic gas, researchers noted.


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Jan 29, 2015 - Impacts to New Jersey. Snow, and wintry precipitation overnight Thursday into Friday morning may create slick and snow covered roads. Wind chill temperatures will be low on Friday. We are also watching a system impacting NJ Sunday into


It’s absolutely critical that we do something right now to save our planet from certain peril. An eye-opening new special on global warming will air tomorrow night on the National Geographic Channel. It’s called “Six Degrees Could Change The World.”
In it, some of the world’s top experts on global warming lay out what to expect as the earth warms over the next century:
At 1 degree Celsius, most coral reefs and many mountain glaciers will be lost. A 3-degree rise would spell the collapse of the Amazon rainforest, disappearance of Greenland’s ice sheet, and the creation of deserts across the Midwestern United States and southern Africa. A 6-degree increase would eliminate most life on Earth, including much of humanity.
How do we fight this impending doom? Several people have some very creative, yet expensive ideas. There is hope yet. Check out the following ideas:
Simulating Volcanic Eruptions
The 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines sent an estimated 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide high into the stratosphere. Winds proceeded to spread it all over the planet, forming a high-level haze that reflected back light from the sun and reduced global temperature by 0.5 degrees Celsius. Nobel prize-winning atmospheric chemist Paul Crutzen has proposed simulating the Pinatubo effect by using artillery guns or balloons to inject sulfur into the atmosphere. (Rockets filled with sulfur could also do the trick). Crutzen calculates that the cooling effect would begin within six months and last for up to two years. Artificially duplicating Mount Pinatubo’s effects each year might cost $250 billion, though Crutzen says a relatively affordable $25-$50 billion worth would be enough to make a difference. A major downside is the possibility of creating acid rain or wreaking havoc with global weather patterns, as the eruption of the Indonesian volcanic island of Krakatoa did in the 1880s.
Lenses In Space
University of Arizona astronomer Roger Angel has suggested using non-polluting, magnetically-powered vehicles—a concept that NASA is already exploring—to transport trillions of lenses made of silicon nitride film into space and deposit them near inner Lagrange point 1, an area where the combined effect of gravity of the Earth and the Sun would keep them in the same place relative to Earth’s rotation. The lenses would be about three feet across but incredibly thin, weighing about a gram. Rather than blocking sunlight, they would bend some of it slightly away from Earth, reducing the amount of energy transmitted by about 2 percent. Manufacturing the immense quantity of lenses and putting them into space—some 20 million launches would be required—make Angel’s idea a lengthy and pricey one, but he has estimated that the cost would average out to $100 billion annually over the lenses’ 50 year lifetime. The lenses would also be difficult to turn “off” if necessary, and could lead to uneven cooling effects.
Turning Pollution Into Baking Soda
Burning coal to generate electricity is one of the planet’s major sources of carbon emissions. To cope with their seemingly insatiable demand for electric power, the U.S., China, and India plan to build 850 new coal-fired plants by 2012, which will spew five times as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as the Kyoto Protocol nations aim to eliminate. Many believe that carbon sequestration, in which carbon dioxide emissions from smokestacks are trapped and stored, is the best answer. But most ideas for what to do with the carbon dioxide—such as pumping it into manmade caverns—would be costly, and there’s always the risk that the gases will escape. That’s where a Texas-based startup company, Skyonic, and its innovative new carbon sequestration technology, gets involved. Plastic mesh sheets capture 90 percent of the carbon dioxide emitted by a power plant, which is then mixed with sodium hydroxide to produce harmless baking soda. Solids are easier to store, and since the baking soda produced is high-grade, it can be recycled for industrial applications or even used for baking. Texas utility Luminant installed a pilot version of the technology at its Brown Steam Electric Station in 2006, and Skyonics is now designing a system that it hopes to install on a large 500-megawatt power plant in 2009.


Scientific evidence suggests that greenhouse gases produced from the burning of fossil fuels are contributing to the warming of our planet’s atmosphere. While many skeptics have doubted the validity of global warming, new evidence has shown that our environment is changing at a pace faster then anyone had ever anticipated.
Now that we know that global warming is in fact a reality, it’s important that each of us as individuals take steps to reduce our own carbon foot print and ensure that we have a clean, pollution free environment for future generations that live on planet earth.
Are you doing your part?
We at Got Grease want to encourage businesses to go green and do their part to reduce their carbon footprint and support other businesses that are taking steps to protect the environment.


This Saturday night you might be looking forward to heading out, sitting by a fire and watching some incredible fireworks. It’s not just the man made fireworks you might see though, on 4th and 5th November the annual Taurid meteor shower reaches its peak. This has been going on since September 7th and will end on about December 10th. There are two branches of shower – the north Taurids and the south Taurids. The south Taurids are the one’s which will peak on 4/5th and the north Taurids will peak later on 11th and 12th November.
The Taurid Meteor shower consists of the remnants of Asteroid 2004 TG10 and Comet 2P Encke. As the Earth passes through the debris of these some of enter the Earth’s atmosphere and burn up, creating an amazing display. During this event, approximately 5 meteors (also known as shooting stars) can be seen each hour moving at 17 miles per second across the sky. The meteors will radiate from the constellation Taurus (which gives the shower its name), though for best viewing it’s recommended that you look just a bit away from the radiant location. It’s also recommended to view them from away from any sources of heavy light pollution such as city lights.
This meteor shower is known are being relatively sparse in comparison with some others but it also produces a higher than average number of fireballs since it contains larger fragments. Fireballs are larger meteors which can light up the sky with as much brightest as the planet Venus so are the most exciting to watch.
So, when you’re watching the fireworks this year make sure that you also keep an eye out for this spectacular display. Have fun!