Registration of ‘Lyon’, a Two-Row, Spring Feed Barley
‘Lyon’ (Reg. No. CV-356, PI 673045), a spring, two-row, hulled feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar developed and tested as 05WA-316.K, was released in 2013 by Washington State University (WSU). Lyon was derived from the cross ‘Baronesse’/‘Spaulding’ and selected through single-seed descent from F2 to F4 and pedigree breeding methods from F5 to F6. Lyon was tested in field trials in Pullman, WA, and in multi-environment trials at 8 to 10 locations per year by the WSU Variety Testing Program from 2009 to 2013. In these testing sites, Lyon had a mean grain yield (5699 kg ha−1) that was higher than those of check cultivars ‘Bob’ and Baronesse. Across 37 station years in the Western Regional Spring Barley Nursery, Lyon had an average grain yield of 5284 kg ha−1, which was higher than check cultivars ‘Steptoe’, ‘Harrington’, ‘AC Metcalfe’, and ‘CDC Kindersley’. Lyon showed head emergence significantly earlier than Baronesse, Bob, and ‘Lenetah’ and was 3.3 cm shorter than Bob and 6.1 cm shorter than ‘Champion’. Similar to Champion and Baronesse, Lyon is moderately susceptible to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei Eriks.). Lyon is intended as a high-yielding replacement to barley feed cultivars Bob, Baronesse, and Lenetah in the dryland cropping regions of eastern Washington that receive an average precipitation of 400 mm yr−1 or higher. © Crop Science Society of America. All rights reserved.
Murphy, K. M.; Ullrich, S. E.; Wood, M. B.; Matanguihan, Janet B.; Guy, S. O.; Jitkov, V. A.; and Chen, X., "Registration of ‘Lyon’, a Two-Row, Spring Feed Barley" (2015). Biology Educator Scholarship. 99.
Murphy, K. M., Ullrich, S. E., Wood, M. B., Matanguihan, J. B., Guy, S. O., Jitkov, V. A., & Chen, X. (2015). Registration of ‘lyon’, a two-row, spring feed barley. Journal of Plant Registrations, 9(1), 6–9. https://doi.org/10.3198/jpr2014.05.0031crc


Sunday, May 29, 2011
Today I planted the garden! I must say, it was nice not having to drag all my stuff up to the third floor like I did at my old apartment. Still a container garden, because we have no land. For my birthday, Ricky got me the book The City Homesteader by Scott Meyer, to give me other ideas on what to garden and how to have a country lifestyle in a city. Definitely a good read, I recommend checking it out. Because of this book, I'm expanding into more veggies, such as three varieties of pepper, eggplant, and miniature cucumbers. All three I read were good for containers, so here's hoping.
I'm also excited about all the herbs I'm growing, because I love fresh herbs and it'll make all our meals this summer that much tastier. The list of herbs was inspired by Apartment Therapy's list of the Top 10 Herbs to grow. Normally I just do basil and rosemary, but I decided to try others to make for a more flavorful summer. Going to be great!
Above are my three pepper plants (along with the pot I've designated for all our smoker friends to put their cigarettes so they don't dirty the walkway) and below are my herbs (back to front basil x 3, dill, mint lavender, cilantro, thyme) and veggies (back to front miniature cucumber and Japanese eggplant). Not featured are my parsley and my rosemary plants.
I also have some flowers, beans, and radishes growing from seeds, so it's just dirt right now and not very exciting. The book says multiple times that radishes are very quick to produce, so I'm hoping to have a few batches of them.
I'll be posting pictures as they grow along with my bounty. Hope that they turn out nice, the squirrel next door doesn't eat everything, and that they all taste good. I also can't wait to sit out on my porch around my plants and enjoy it all summer long. Something I definitely missed when I lived in that studio, and one of my favorite parts of this new apartment.


Pengaruh Konsentrasi Nutrisi AB Mix dan Kombinasinya dengan Pupuk Hayati Cair Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tiga Varietas Sawi Hidroponik Sistem DFT
This study aims to determine the concentration of nutrients AB mix liquid biological fertilizer combination will affect the growth and production of three varieties of mustard hydroponic DFT system. This research was conducted at Bedadung Indah AA8 Housing, Jl. Teuku Umar, Tegal Besar Village, Kaliwates District, Jember Regency, which will be held from January 1, 2022 to February 23, 2022 at an altitude of ±89 meters above sea level. This research was conducted using a factorial 2 x 3 Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 replications. The first factor is nutrition (N) consisting of two levels of treatment, nutrient concentration AB mix 1000 ppm (N1) and nutrient concentration AB mix 1000 ppm combination of liquid biological fertilizer 2 ml/lt water (N2). The second factor was variety (V) which consisted of three levels of treatment, Pagoda mustard (V1), mustard green (V2) and mustard kailan (V3). The data obtained were then analyzed by uij F using the help of IBM SPSS Statistic 26 software for Windows, the significantly different results were further tested with Duncan at a level of 0.05. The results showed that the nutrient concentration of AB mix 1000 ppm with a combination of 2 ml/lt water (N2) liquid biological fertilizer gave the best response to the number of leaves and the fresh weight of mustard greens.. The interaction of nutrient concentration of AB mix and its combination with liquid biological fertilizer (N) and variety treatment (V) was not significantly different on the growth and production of three hydroponic mustard varieties using the DFT system.
Keyword: AB mix nutrition, biological fertilizer, DFT hydroponics, Mustard greens


Our Moringa powder is pure, organic and hand-processed. We take pride in it to know that each and every bottle or bag with our product that leaves Finca La Maya, is of the highest quality.
To make the Moringa ready to consume in form of powder, there is a lot of work to be done. It takes 7 pounds (seven!) of fresh Moringa leaves to make only 1 pound of powder.
Step 1: Growing plants
Our trees are grown using organic seeds from Moringa trees that have been grown
on our farm. No pesticides or chemicals of any kind are used on soil or plants.
Step 2: Harvesting leaves
Branches of Moringa leaves are removed from trees. Leaves are removed from branc
hes one-by-one, so that only the leaves are ready for drying.
Step 3: Drying leaves
Moringa leaves are placed on a dryer for dehydration.
Small fans circulate the air (115-120 F / 46 – 49 C) so that dehydration of leaves occurs evenly. Approximate time for drying of leaves is 16 hours (low
ydration helps maintain the nutritional integrity of plant contents).
Step 4: Grinding dried leaves
Dehydrated Moringa leaves are processed in a commercial grinder until a fine powder is achieved.
Step 5: Packaging dried powder
Dried powder is weighed and placed in special air-tight food quality plastic bags, or in vegetarian clear gel capsules, then sealed in plastic bottles.


Water project | Madzi
Dependence on rain for successful harvests.
Inhabitants of Monkey Bay.
Construction of a water pump powered by solar panels.
Sustainable project completed and water pump still in use.
We no longer collect donations for this project. However, there is the possibility for companies to make a direct donation for the construction of a new water pump in another area. The estimated costs for this are € 15,000. Please contact us.
Access to water
The Malawian people are dependent on water, amongst others for growing maize. The maize is sown between November and December, at the start of the wet season. The wet season usually takes 3 months. In this time enough maize is produced to provide families with food throughout the rest of the year. Unfortunately, in reality the wet season takes less then 3 months, yielding a harvest that is too low for the entire year. Each year Malawians starve and die from malnutrition. Furthermore, water is also needed for drinking and cooking. Often several kilometers need to be traveled to get to a clean water source. If nothing else is available, even polluted water is used for drinking and cooking, which causes bacteria and diseases, as the same water is used for washing. Malawi is one of the poorest countries worldwide, so there is only little money available for investments to prevent or solve the shortage of food and water during droughts. The climate change only causes more drought, increasing the severity of the problem.
At the beginning of 2016, founders Aaron and Mariska started a fundraising to provide the most vulnerable families in Malawi with maize. We thought that next to directly investing in providing food, investing in a more permanent and sustainable solution would be even better. Aaron and the uncle of Johan and Mariska, John, started talking about this during a family gathering and never stopped talking about it since. It seemed so easy, as only water was needed to ensure that people could harvest enough maize themselves.
The use of water pumps seemed a very promising solution to us. Powered by solar panels, these pumps bring water to the plants on the land via a drip system. A drip system yields the highest efficiency of water transfer, due to the high temperatures in Malawi. By leaving the construction to Malawian companies and the maintenance and use to the local farmers, we could give the residents themselves a chance to contribute to a sustainable solution.
John wanted to contribute and contacted an old friend, co-owner of Eltra Engineering BV. After discussing our proposal, the management of Eltra Engineering BVdecided to donate a substantial amount of money for the project. Aaron started the Water Project during his stay in Malawi in 2018. A lot had to be arranged and organized and contacts were established with various local businesses to realize the project. It was necessary for Aaron to be in Malawi during the startup of the Water Project to ensure everything went smoothly. A water tank was build and connected to a pump and solar panels. Water is drilled 50 meters underground. The pump is powered by solar panels and the water is stored in the water tank. The water is used for growing maize, but also for growing vegetables, like tomatoes, beans, lettuce, potatoes and lemons. It is also used as drinking water and for cooking and washing. Maintenance and repairs are paid by the people who use the water pump. The water pump is still used daily. Without the donation by ‘Eltra Engineering BV’ this would not have been possible. For this, we are very grateful to them. As we find it very important to keep them up to date about the developments of the Water Project, Mariska created a Facebook page where pictures and updates about the Water Project, also called the Chimanga Project, are posted. ‘Chimanga’ means maize in Chichewa (the Malawian language). At least 150 villagers of Monkey Bay use the water and are self-sufficient because of it.


Mexico Chiapas Balam Altura (Medium)
About this coffee
We are excited to bring you this exceptional washed micro-lot from Chiapas, Mexico.
Flavors: Milk Chocolate, Almond, Herbal, Peach
Roast Level: Medium
Origin: Chiapas, Mexico
Altitude: 950 - 1650 masl
Variety: Bourbon, Catimor, Costa Rica, Oro Azteca,Marsellesa, Mundo Novo, Sarchimor, and Typica
About this coffee producer
Here is an opportunity to support a newly formed association of producers in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, which includes the El Triunfo biosphere reserve. Ek-Balam Productores del Jaguar (Ek-Balam) was formed in 2019 with 399 members. The vast majority of producers have indigenous roots and continue to speak a native language. Nearly one third of these growers are women who depend on income from coffee to support their families. They cultivate coffee on farms that average just a few acres in size, small enough for each producer to process their own coffee with their own micro-mill.
Ek-Balam provides crucial support to small producers. In particular, the association has helped producers gain access to credit and certifications. Investments for basic infrastructure needs, like road improvements, establishing local warehouses, and operating a dry-mill facility are all coordinated through Ek-Balam, which ensures traceability and quality control throughout the post-harvest process. Their collective efforts have established higher prices and more producer income to support best agricultural practices and improve livelihoods.
Wondering how much coffee to order?
Here's an estimate of how much brewed coffee you'll get out of each bag.
10 oz. bag ~ 18 cups (8 oz.)
2 lb. bag ~ 60 cups (8 oz.)
5 lb. bag ~ 150 cups (8 oz.)
Not sure what grind type to select?
Select a grind type based on your brew method.
Fine ~ Espresso
Medium ~ Drip Coffee / Filter
Coarse ~ French Press / Cold Brew


There is a rich history that begins the story of Peninsula Cellars which is owned and operated by the Kroupa family. In May of 2015, the family estate was designated a Centennial Farm by the Historical Society of Michigan. To be designated as a Centennial Farm, a property must be a working farm of 10 or more acres that has been continuously owned by the same family for at least 100 years. John Kroupa, owner and winemaker for Peninsula Cellars, is now the sixth generation to farm the land his ancestors did over 100 years ago.
The Kroupa farm was purchased in 1897 by John Kroupa Jr. The farm began as a traditional family farm in order to sustain the needs of his growing family. He maintained livestock , fruits, vegetables, and hay. In the early 1900’s John Kroupa Jr. transitioned into also growing fruit trees such as cherries, apples, and plums. Don Kroupa, John Kroupa Jr.’s son, purchased the farm in 1938 and built a supplemental home for him and his family while John Kroupa Jr. and his wife, Freda maintained residence at their original home. David Kroupa then purchased the farm from his father, Don Kroupa, in 1983. At this point in time the farm was used entirely to farm fruit, primarily cherries and apples.
In 1991, David Kroupa planted Chardonnay and Riesling vineyards, replacing only a small portion of the cherry and apple trees. Currently, the farm is still owned by David Kroupa and his wife Joan Kroupa. They currently maintain residence in the original primary residence of the property, to which they’ve done minimal modifications. The overall layout of the farm remains in it’s original form.
Today, many of the varietals that Peninsula Cellars uses for its wine production are grown on the same 40 acres John Kroupa Jr. settled on so many years ago. This rich tie to the history of Old Mission Peninsula is one of the many reasons Peninsula Cellars is Peninsula Proud.


Founder, Chair of the Board
Keynotes by Pam Warhurst promote the belief that the living different and promoting change and conversation can start in usual places. In particular, Warhurst discusses how her hometown of Todmorden turns all unused land plots into community vegetable gardens to promote tourism.
Currently, Warhurst is the Chair of the Board of Forestry Commission and the co-founder of 'Incredible Edible Todmodern,' a local initiative that promotes community gardens. Prior to this position, Warhurst was a member of the 'Board of Natural England' and the lead non-executive on the 'Countryside & Rights of Way' Bill. She also held the position of Deputy Chair and Acting Chair of the 'Countryside Agency' and chair of the 'National Countryside Access Forun.'
Due to her work promoting and encouraging community change, Warhurst was named a Fellow of the 'Royal Society of Arts & Manufacturing' and was named a 'Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire' (CBE) in 2005.
Advocating that everyone has the ability to promote change and enhance their community, the keynotes by Pam Warhurst offer means by which these goals can be achieved.


IRRIGATION SYSTEM INSTALLATION NORTH RICHLAND HILLS
Irrigation System North Richland Hills
Having a lovely, healthy, balanced and lavish yard is necessary for numerous house owners. Not just does it give an outstanding appearance to your home, but it can additionally raise the worth of your residential or commercial property as well as produce a much more delightful area. North Richland Hills Landscaping has all the devices and also experience needed to mount watering systems for your sprinklers and drip watering.
Correct water systems will certainly maintain your grass as well as the yard looking excellent. Without lawn sprinklers as well as drip watering, your grass, trees, as well as yard might battle to obtain the proper quantity of water they require to prosper.
Need To Update Your Irrigation System? We Can Help! North Richland Hills Landscaping can boost your irrigation system and also maintain your grass healthy and balanced. Call us at (817) 242-5222 today!
Specialist Irrigation Installation
North Richland Hills Landscape has all the tools and also proficiency needed to install watering systems for grass sprinklers and also drip watering. Our specialists develop our watering therapies around your yard’s special functions and also criteria to make certain optimal performance and also performance. There can be different-sized water emitters for various plants as well as blossoms, so trickle watering enables us to customize the watering for certain varieties.
North Richland Hills Landscaping believes that the most important aspects when it comes to maintaining a beautiful landscape is to have a proper installation of irrigation systems that will keep your lawn looking fresh during summertime or on days that there is little to no rain.
The installation of an efficient irrigation system helps your landscape geet the water it’s needed without having to waste water, and even lower your bills. If you’re worried about the budget needed for irrigation system installation, here in North Richland we provide only affordable services that anyone can afford and within your budget limit.
Sprinkler System System
When it comes down to it, your grass will just look as great as your grass sprinkler system enables it to. That suggests if you have a badly created lawn sprinkler system, your plants will likely experience dehydration. Our professionals make ensure that your water system around your yard functions like it’s supposed to be.
There can be different-sized water emitters for various plants and flowers. These watering systems help conserve water as well as avoid parasites that harm your plants and flowers. We start all of our lawn sprinkler installations with drip watering solutions by taking into consideration other factors in mind so you could save water and at the same time have a healthy yard.
Connect with our irrigation specialist here in North Richland Hills Landscaping by calling (817) 242-5222, and ask for a FREE quote


- What’s a fruit or vegetable that starts with P?
- What are vegetables that start with the letter S?
- What fruit or veg starts with Z?
- What are 5 vegetables that start with A?
- What are the 10 vegetables name?
Some of our favorites include papaya, passion fruit, peaches, and pomelo! How many of these have you tried?
Vegetables That Start With S:1 – Salad Savoy: Salad savoy is a member of cabbage family. 2 – Salsify: Salsify is a root vegetable found in Europe and the United States. 3 – Samphire: Samphire is a vegetable grown in the sea. 4 – Scorzonera: 5 – Sculpit: 6 – Sea Beet: 7 – Sea Grape: 8 – Sea Kale:
ZucchiniVeg beginning with Z … Zucchini They look quite like cucumbers, have very soft seeds and can be cooked with onions, tomatoes, aubergines and peppers to make ratatouille.
Browse:Amaranth Leaves.Arrowroot.Artichoke.Arugula.Asparagus.Bamboo Shoots.Beans, Green.Beets.
Vegetable Names in Englishcarrot.broccoli.asparagus.cauliflower.corn.cucumber.eggplant.green pepper.


Dr Charles Howie
Dr. Chales Howie is the adviser to the Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources at An Giang University (AGU), An Giang Province, Vietnam, and Visiting Fellow of the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, England. In 2011, he gained his PhD in the area of political ecology. He has been a Lecturer for over fifty years because he believes learning, in a broad sense, is a key determinant of personal happiness and well-being. One of his research interests is in agriculture in tropical deltaic areas and particularly how the main deltas in Asia, the site of much food production, will adapt to climate change. Another interest is in the power relationship between farmers and the state, and how this will play into addressing the challenges posed by climate change. Currently he is working with colleagues at AGU to revise a curriculum for crop science so that graduates will emerge from the university with a real practical knowledge of crop cultivation and be fit to face the challenges that lie ahead. In this role he has an opportunity to combine his professional knowledge and skills in education with his research interests.


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Keeping a lawn manicured can prove challenging. It doesn’t take long for a lawn to show signs of deterioration due to everyday use and environmental conditions. As fall and winter approach, start considering which services are right for your lawn. Here are some tips for discerning between lawn care service options in the Highland Park, IL, area so that you can keep your lawn healthy, attractive, and safe.
The site conditions play a huge role in how well the grass you have selected is going to flourish. There are numerous species of grass commonly found in our area and they all adapt differently to sun and shady conditions. Select turf that is specific to your site and you are on your way to a healthier lawn. Additionally, knowing what grass blend you are having serviced is going to be crucial when it comes time for fertilizing, re-seeding, re-sodding and re-planting.
Pest and Disease Treatments
Having a flourishing turf means keeping it free from pests and disease. No grass is completely safe from pests and diseases, but there are proactive ways to prevent invasion. Understanding that your lawn is susceptible to things like white grubs and patch disease will have your service technique off to the right start. In fact, white grubs are known to be one of the most destructive pests to Illinois turf. What’s more, the threat of pests doesn’t stop there; beetles and rust disease are other common issues to avoid. It’s important that your lawn service includes routine and sufficient treatment for pests and disease control.
Proper irrigation is worth considering. If you have a large expanse of lawn, then having an irrigation system may be the best option for keeping it properly hydrated. If your space is manageable without the installation of irrigation, it is important to remember that your lawn needs water to survive, so you will information on how best to keep up with scheduled watering cycles. Lawn care service experts may recommend paying attention to the weather reports or a rain gauge to properly meet this responsibility.
Keeping your soil and grassroots in the proper condition to absorb fresh water and fertilizer can prove beneficial. This service will require some special lawn maintenance equipment. When used properly, they will loosen up the grass root and soil just enough to keep it from becoming so compact that water and nutrients have a hard time penetrating. A well-fertilized lawn is usually much healthier and can withstand much more. When it comes to the application of fertilizer and how often it is applied, your lawn care experts will take into consideration the type of turf you have, the environment, and conditions of your landscape.
Whether the finishing touch is just a mow or includes edging, weeding, blowing, pruning, trimming and hedging the type of grass your turf consists of and the existing condition of your lawn needs to be considered at all times. Blade depths, frequency of mowing, foot traffic, and disturbance from these processes can be conducive to whether or not your lawn stays in its best shape. A service plan can deliver a beautiful lawn that’s had its precise needs addressed.


This article is from WeChat public account:I am a scientist iScientist (ID: IamaScientist), author: Cui Kai, editor: Yuki, cover:
In 1994, American scholar Brown wrote an article titled “Who Supports China,” which attracted widespread attention in the Western world. In the past 25 years, China has used 18% of the world’s arable land to feed 18% of the population, but Brown’s question still deserves our vigilance.
On October 14, 2019, the State Council Information Office published the White Paper on China’s Food Security again after 23 years, clearly stating that in the medium and long term, China’s grain production and demand will remain in a tight balance.
01 China’s resource endowment
A song sung by singer Li Jian: “The prose poem written by his father”, which has a simple and unpretentious lyric: “In 1984, the crop was not harvested, and the son was lying in my arms and sleeping. It’s so sweet. Tomorrow I’m going to the neighbor’s house and borrow some money. The child cried for a whole day and was clamoring for biscuits. This is the text in my father’s diary, which is a prose poem left by his youth. This land has made me cry, and it has buried many people’s sad memories.”
We put the time coordinates in the song in 1984. That year’s harvest was good. China’s grain output exceeded 400 million tons for the first time, and the per capita grain was 390 kilograms, which is only 70% of today’s. At that time, these foods were able to maintain the basic food and clothing of the people, but they could not get more food to feed the pigs and raise chickens. In 1984, China’s per capita meat was only 15 kilograms, equivalent to a quarter of today’s. At that time, the state implemented a quantitative supply of food, and food purchases required food stamps. It was not until 1993 that the food stamps withdrew from the historical arena.
In 1980, I was still in elementary school and I was very thin. At that time, milk powder was a luxury for ordinary people. In order to help me supplement my nutrition, my fatherThe oil mill in the village bought protein-rich soybean meal and put it in a white cloth bag. I used my laundry stick to beat it. The cardamom is mashed and then blended into the cornmeal. The steamed corn has a unique bean flavor. Looking back today, the “corn + cardamom” that I ate when I was a teenager is today’s feed formula – these things are already ancient legends in the eyes of today’s young friends.
China’s grain production structure in 2018 | Source: National Bureau of Statistics
The line of sight turned back to today. Since 2015, China’s grain output has stabilized at 650 million tons for four consecutive years, plus 120 million tons of grain imported each year, with a total consumption of 770 million tons. If converted according to the weight, the import volume of 120 million tons is only equivalent to 1/6 of the total domestic production of 660 million tons. It seems that the problem is not big, but it is not. Converting the 120 million tons of imported grain into cultivated land is equivalent to 600 million mu of cultivated land.
If you add imported cotton, sugar, fruit, meat, milk powder, etc., it will exceed 700 million mu. According to the country’s 2 billion mu of cultivated land area, our cultivated land has an external dependence of 35%. Grain production requires the consumption of cultivated land, fertilizers, pesticides and fresh water. Imported food is essentially imported resources.
Please take a look at the form below. In terms of land area, 9.6 million square kilometers of China ranks third in the world, but in many places, the desert Gobi, which is dry and rainless, or the plateau cold land, which is low in temperature all year round, our cultivated land accounts for only 14% of the country’s land area. There are fewer people, and the per capita cultivated area is only 0.1 hectare, far lower than the agricultural powers such as Russia, the United States, Brazil and Argentina.
In a sense, the ability to feed 1.4 billion people is China’s greatest contribution to the world. However, we have also paid a heavy price for this – in order to control pests and diseases, a large number of pesticides are sprayed on the farmland, which seriously pollutes the water and soil environment and destroys the ecological balance. In my teenager’s memory, the sunset glows in the middle of the night, and the frog sounds in the summer night. Go and see today, this picture has become a memory.
In order to increase food production, we use one third of the world’s fertilizers. China’s chemical fertilizer use has been the world’s number one for more than 30 years since 1984. However, our fertilizer utilization rate is only 38%, far lower than the level of 50% to 60% in developed countries. The amount of chemical fertilizer used in food crops accounts for 1/2 of the total amount of crops (including vegetables, fruits, cotton, etc.), and today the average grain per 100 kg Need to fertilize 6 pounds.
Excessive fertilization destroys the soil structure of the cultivated land, causing soil compaction and salinization. Excess fertilizers flow into the lakes and lakes with rainwater, resulting in eutrophication of water bodies, algae plants that grow wild and water bodies stink. A large number of algae cover the water surface, shading and oxygen consumption, affecting the growth of underwater organisms, and the entire aquatic ecosystem is destroyed. The cyanobacteria outbreak in Taihu Lake is one of the most typical examples.
The quality of cultivated land is directly related to national food security. Black land is the most fertile soil in the world, and “the chopsticks are also sprouting”. The Northeast is one of the three major black soil regions in the world. The grain output accounts for 1/4 of the country’s total. The transfer volume accounts for one-third of the country’s total. It is an important granary in China. In these years, while the grain production increased, the black land was also overexploited and used, and the soil was obviously degraded and exhausted.
The black soil layer has fallen from 60 cm to 70 cm in the 1950s to 20 cm to 30 cm today. Black soil is a valuable resource that cannot be regenerated. It takes hundreds of years to form a 1 cm black soil layer. In the past, the black soil was thick, and the foot was stepped on like a sponge. Now the soil is thinner and less nutritious, and it has to be applied more. The more fertilizers are used, the more the soil is compacted, and even the footprints are not stepped on. “All things are born in the soil, there are earthy foods.” The sustainable development of black land needs to be solved urgently.
Northeast Black Land | Photo: Wan Ling Xun
China’s per capita water resources are only 2050 cubic meters, which is only 1/4 of the world average. Agricultural irrigation consumes 60% of China’s available water resources, while water use efficiency is only 30% to 40%, far below the level of 70% to 80% in developed countries. In the arid regions of the North, due to water shortages, some areas have overexploited groundwater resources for agricultural irrigation. Huabeijing Irrigation District is one of China’s major grain producing areas. Due to mining in the past 30 years, the groundwater level here has dropped by more than 20 meters, making it the largest underground funnel area in the world.
Looking ahead, China’s population peak is expected to occur around 2028, with a total population of about 1.42 billion. Although the population has since declined since then, it will not be less than 1.2 billion by 2050. In other words, China will still face food security pressures in the next 30 years.
Looking at the world, there are 7.6 billion people on the planet today, 10% of whom are hungry, including 150 million dysplastic children. It is estimated that by 2050, the world population will increase to 9.5 billion, and in 2100 it will reach 11 billion. It is not easy to let the earth feed so many people.
02 “Sacrifice” Soy, make sure “rice bowl”
China is the hometown of soybeans. 5,000 years ago, the ancestors of China began to plant soybeans. Since then, they have been “in the original, and the people have taken it.” There is a fragrant aroma of the Chinese nation in the tofu, and there is a poem of “cooking beans and burning soybean meal.” In the Tang Dynasty in the 8th century AD, Jianzhen Dongdu transferred soybeans to Japan. In the Qing Dynasty in the 18th century, soybeans were introduced to Europe and America from China. Today, soybean planting on the earth reaches 120 million hectares, accounting for about 8% of the world’s cultivated land. It can be said that soybean is the best gift China gives to the world.
In the middle of the last century, it was a glorious period of Chinese soybeans. Soybean, tea and silk are the three famous products exported by China and enjoy high reputation in the world. At that time, China’s soybean acreageIt accounts for 40% of the world, but it fell to 20% in the 1980s and is now only 7%. In 1995, China began to become a soybean importer, and its imports soared to 90 million tons in 2018, accounting for two-thirds of the global soybean trade.
Why import so many soybeans? Many people don’t understand this. There are industry-stricken tragedies, food security concerns, GM debates, and patriotic sentiments in trade wars. Intricately cut, cut constantly, and still chaos.
Soybean is a protein-rich grain, and this characteristic also determines its fate – an indispensable feed ingredient. The meat, eggs, and milk on our table are all converted from feed. In the feed, corn accounts for 65%, and soybean meal after oil extraction accounts for 20%. Pigs can grow 1 kg of meat for every 2.7 kg of feed, and 1 kg of meat or 1 kg of eggs can be produced for every 2 kg of feed.
Northeast Soybean | Photographed at Jilin Agricultural University Experimental Farm
In the 1990s, people’s lives began to “eat” and the consumption of meat and eggs increased rapidly. The meat production increased from 28 million tons in 1990 to 85 million tons in 2018, which improved the whole 3 times. Soymeal demand as a core ingredient in feed also increased year-on-year. Today, the domestic soybean production is only 15 million tons, and the import volume reaches 90 million tons. In other words, soybean dependence on imports exceeds 80%.
A public questioned: Why not expand the planting area of domestic soybeans? China is the world’s most populous country, and food security is heavier than Mount Tai. One side is the growing population and meat and milk consumption, and the other is the 2 billion mu of cultivated land that is stretched. In order to protect the rice bowl in its own hands, China can only choose to “sacrifice” soybeans, giving priority to ensuring the area planted with rice and wheat. It is certainly the most reasonable choice to grow relatively high-yield staple crops with cultivated land saved from imported soybeans.
In fact, farmers also lack the willingness to grow soybeans. Soybean productionThe amount is low, and the planting income is only 1/2 of that of corn and wheat. The northeast is the main soybean producing area. In the song “Home in the Northeast”, there is a lyric: “My home is on the Songhua River in the northeast, where there are soy sorghums in the mountains.” Today, if you really go to the northeast, you will have a large area. Soybeans and sorghum have long been replaced by corn.
There is also public comment: Why import US soybeans? The annual global soybean production is about 350 million tons. In some major producing countries, domestic consumption is deducted, and only 150 million tons can be exported for international trade, including 60 million tons in the United States. China imports 90 million tons of soybeans. If it completely blocks US soybeans, it means that we have to buy global trade soybeans outside the US, which is unrealistic.
The trade war between China and the United States in 2018 is filled with smoke: The United States uses chips as spears, and China uses soybeans as shields. The Chuhe Hanjie, who did not give each other, was finally Brazil. how do I say this? Brazil and the United States are the two largest exporters of soybeans worldwide. In 2017, among the imported soybeans in China, the share of Brazil and the United States was 53% and 34% respectively.
By 2018, this ratio became 75% and 19%. Among the surge in Brazilian soybean exports, how many of them are sold to China by translating US soybeans into Brazil’s vests through entrepot trade? unknown. The Amazon rainforest is known as the lungs of the Earth, and 60% of Amazon is in Brazil. Protecting the rainforest is a burden, and developing agriculture is a benefit. In the face of economic stagnation and the gap between rich and poor, Brazil has extensively cut down tropical rainforests in recent years to grow soybeans and graze beef cattle.
Harvested soybean plants | Photographed at Jilin Agricultural University Experimental Farm
There is also public questioning: Why import GM soybeans? Why not seek alternative imports from countries such as Russia? Here I want to tell you that the soybean trade volume of the three countries of the United States, Brazil and Argentina accounts for 90% of the world’s total. Other countries


Introduction to 8HP Power Tiller
Welcome to Alibaba.com, your premier destination for a wide range of agricultural machinery. In this section, we will provide you with valuable information about 8HP power tillers, their features, applications, and advantages.
Understanding 8HP Power Tillers
8HP power tillers are robust and efficient machines designed to assist farmers and gardeners in various agricultural tasks. These tillers are equipped with a powerful 8 horsepower engine, which enables them to handle demanding soil cultivation and land preparation tasks with ease.
Features of 8HP Power Tillers
8HP power tillers come with a host of features that enhance their performance and usability. These include:
- High Power: The 8HP engine provides ample power to tackle tough terrains and heavy soil.
- Durable Construction: These tillers are built to withstand rigorous use and are made from high-quality materials.
- Adjustable Depth: The depth of tilling can be easily adjusted to suit different soil conditions and cultivation requirements.
- Easy Maneuverability: With user-friendly controls and ergonomic design, operating the tiller is convenient and comfortable.
- Versatility: 8HP power tillers can be used for various tasks such as plowing, tilling, furrowing, and more.
Applications of 8HP Power Tillers
8HP power tillers find extensive applications in agriculture, horticulture, and gardening. Some common uses include:
- Field Preparation: These tillers efficiently prepare the soil for planting crops, ensuring optimal conditions for growth.
- Weeding and Cultivation: With their adjustable tilling depth, these tillers effectively remove weeds and cultivate the soil.
- Landscaping: 8HP power tillers are also ideal for landscaping projects, such as creating flower beds or leveling the ground.
Advantages of 8HP Power Tillers
Investing in an 8HP power tiller offers several advantages:
- Time and Labor Savings: These powerful machines significantly reduce the time and effort required for manual land preparation.
- Increased Efficiency: The high power output and versatile features of 8HP power tillers enhance overall productivity.
- Cost-Effective: By streamlining agricultural tasks, these tillers help optimize resources and maximize yields.
Explore Alibaba.com's extensive selection of 8HP power tillers and connect with reliable suppliers to meet your agricultural needs. Start browsing today and revolutionize your farming practices!


Memberships help the Garden provide valuable educational opportunities to adults and children and also help in our development of new garden spaces as we continue to grow.
Individuals and families joining receive:
Cultivating the Soil . . .
Sowing the Seeds . . .
Growing the Future
Annual Garden Membership (Individual/Family) - $50
For information about becoming a member, contact Toni Hays at 336-996-7888, or complete the form on this page.
Please complete our secure form to become a Member. Membership options are described below. You can also download, print and mail us the form by clicking here.


Our insect mesh is made from high-density UV-protected polyethylene for many years of service. This product provides crop protection against thrips and all insects. It also provides protection from hail, wind and birds. These netting significantly reduces or eliminates, the use of chemical pesticides and is great for organic growing. Fantastic for organic gardening and organic farming, providing bug protection without pesticides. Our insect netting provides protection against insects including beetles, stink bugs and grasshoppers, as well as birds and hail – all in one application. It can be used as floating row crop covers or hoop netting, cherry tree cover, fruit tree cover. Made from high-density UV protected polyethylene for many years of service.


Camden Community Garden and Our Community.
As our garden grows so does visitation and community engagement, a huge part of this garden is about connecting local people, wether they have a common interest or not in gardening, but using our garden as a conduit to do so. Building Community is a common goal and we are continually engaging members from within and beyond our boundaries, below is some of the work currently being done by Camden Community Garden.
Potatoes going in back in september.Narellan Congregational Community Services (NCCS) potatoes for christmas. Earlier in the year the team from NCCS had a bit of a visit to "The Big Spud" at Robertson, it was a great chance to get out and at the same time pick up some spuds for the community garden. they were consequently planted by half a dozen attendees and staff, and complememted by another 20kg planted by the community gardeners themselves, the aim being that they would be harvested in time for Christmas and the end of year dinner, and that they were. Three varieties were planted and the Norland Reds were perfect for roasting. In all enough were harvested for about 80 people in attendance for the end of year Christmas Lunch and there are still plenty in the ground for subsequent dinners.
Caravan Park Residents planting out raised beds.Caravan Park Residents Group, over the space of 3 months in 2012 Caravan Park residents from 2 local caravan parks engaged in planting, growing and learning more about gardening under the expert guidance of local Annette Arany, although the project was only 3 months, one of the great outcomes was that although alot of the residents were from the same caravan park they didnt see each other alot and it has now brought their community together alot more within the park.
- Salvation Army - Brunch to Lunch Project, it is hoped that this venture restarts soon, last year saw the community gardens donate excess produce and specially grown produce to The Salvos, this was cooked up by local business owner Bill Zunick of Nitro Pizza and provided free out of The Salvation Smeaton Grange Centre on Friday lunchtimes.
- Roam Communities had an innaugural tree planting in the community garden after taking up a garden plot, Roam Communities are a local practise providing mental health services, the benefits of gardening are globally recognised and Horticultural Therapy is become more and more recognised locally.
The Gardens has been the source of information for a great part of the the community and as such has hosted visitors from the following groups that we are aware of and has been part of the following events.
- Chester Hill Neighbourhood Centre
- Asian Women at work program
- Harrington Park Public School, Yr 2
- Holroyd Garden Club
- St Benedicts School, Kinder Classes.
- Macarthur Famgate Tours
- Ecotopia Garden Tour
- Camden Senior Week Tour
- Camden Produce Markets
- Canterbury Community Centre
- The Hermitage 1st Birthday Country Fair
- Camden Show 2013, Kids interactive with MCSL
Camden Show 2013 was a great chance to engage with our fellow community members, Camden Community Garden joined forces this year with Macarthur Centre for Sustainable Living (MCSL), Uni NSW Cobbitty and The Spinners and Weavers group in a Kids Interactive Display, this stand showcased produce from Paddock to Plate and beyond, as well as seeing the origins and processes wool and cotton went through it was a great chance to follow grains through the food chain and their various forms, MCSL had some great craft opportunities for the kids as well as fruit and veg carving, composting and worm farming demos and a huge amount of info on living sustainably. The Community Gardens together with MCSL grew in excess of 3500 seedlings, kids got the opportunity to collect free seedlings for themselves and their schools. The following schools either collected or were delivered seedlings during or since the show.
- Oaks Public School,
- Narellan Vale Public School,
- St Pauls Catholic School Camden,
- Elderslie Public School,
- Mount Hunter Public School,
- Camden South Public School.
The following groups have now taken the offer of free seedlings up also.
- Bundanoon Community Garden, Bundanoon.
- Airds Bradbury Mens Shed
- Waratah Cottage Early Learning Centre, Claymore.
- Carss Park Community Garden, Kogarah.
This year we have also made connections with RichmondPRA, and Macarthur Disability Services, as part of our commitment to spreading the word about the importance of community gardens and educating the next generation we have been reaching beyond our borders. In April 2013 our president visited Marsden Rd Public School at Liverpool to meet with a group of parents, teachers and the local enviroment group to discuss their community garden, community engagement and give the group a virtual tour of a selection of gardens across sydney. In April 2013 we also took part in a Regional Meeting with NASSA (Neighbour Aid Social Support Association) run through Narellan Congregational Community Services, this was a great chance to highlight the connection made with one group involved in the Community Garden and how this example can be used to benefit many others.
May will see Camden Play Day happen at Kirkham Oval, this should also be a big day for the Communtiy Gardens with more activities and things green for the kids.
Camden Kids Play day has been and gone, a huge day with almost 1000 seedlings given away just to the littlies.
The middle of the year has seen more visitors with schools starting to embrace the gardens, the latest visitors being year 3 and 4 from South Camden Public School, near 200 kids spread over 2 days.
Other groups visiting Include
- Penrith Wanderers - Seniors Group,
- Camden District Activity Centre Seniors,
- Eastwood Senior Group.


Australian Cotton: Good for Fashion, Good for the Environment
I grew up in a cotton growing town, but I can tell you I definitely didn’t know just how big the industry is in Australia. Our growers are producing enough cotton to clothe 500 million people each year, but it’s not always easy for fashion designers and makers to get their hands on. Until Full Circle Fibres, that is.
Full Circle Fibres is an initiative giving small designers and producers, who lack the buying power of the big brands, direct access to the cotton supply chain in Australia. A collaboration with Australian Super Cotton in St George, Full Circle Fibres was started by textile technologist Meriel Chamberlin, who was struggling to find 100% cotton products and knew she would have to be the one to take that first step. “I sometimes call myself a reluctant entrepreneur!” says Meriel on getting started. “Essentially, from the first time I met Glenn Rogan and Rebecca Lindert (growers at Australian Super Cotton) I realised we were the passionate champions we each were looking for. I found a wonderful innovative and forward thinking cotton grower, and they found someone who loved commercialising fabrics and working with supply chains.”
And Meriel is just one of a large group in the textiles and fashion industry with an interest in Australian cotton. “Our most important customers currently are Indonesia, China, Vietnam and Bangladesh – we sell to spinning mills that make yarn. This can change year to year based on seasonal conditions and supply and demand and the 2015-16 Australian cotton crop was worth over $1.3 billion,” says Brooke Summers, Project Lead for Cotton Australia’s Cotton to Market project. “Australian cotton is easy to sell to brands and designers because it’s some of the best quality in the world, it’s sustainable and ethically produced, we look after our people, we contribute in such a positive way to our communities and it produces a beautiful product.”
Brooke explains further how Cotton Australia is supporting the move towards sustainability in fashion and textiles. “Australian cotton leads the world in sustainable cotton production and has improved its environmental performance year on year. For example we use 95% less pesticides than 10 years ago, we’ve increased our water use efficiency by over 40% and we require 30% less land to produce a tonne of cotton compared to a decade ago.” She also adds, “Australian cotton is one of the highest quality cottons in the world, and it’s consistently high quality in terms of length, strength, whiteness and low contamination. Our spinning mill customers love using Australian cotton because of the quality yarns it produces.” Meriel from Full Circle Fibres agrees. “High quality cotton will give you incredibly long lasting items, great comfort and easy care, as well as something that can be mended, recycled or composted at the end of its life.”
Looking to the future, Brooke says Cotton Australia will continue to maintain its global partnership in the social and environmentally responsible production of cotton, as well as strengthening relationships with farmers and customers, and helping cotton growers in other parts of the world to “continually evolve and improve our industry together”.
If you’re a fashion designer, maker or retailer interested in learning more about cotton, you can contact Cotton Australia via email. You can also hear more from Meriel at the Fibre to Fashion Conversation series at this year’s Royal Queensland Show. Coinciding with the Ekka’s Natural Fibres Fashion Parades, Meriel’s panel will take place at 1pm on Saturday August 19. For more information visit the Ekka website.
Author: Zoie May
Images: Full Circle Fibres


After a west Texas spring that lasted all of 1 week, summer has finally arrived here in the boonies. And that means it's time to garden. We planted onions, potatoes and cabbage earlier in the year, but now it's finally warm enough to plant the warm weather veggies. Tomatoes have gone into the garden at last, and in the weeks to come we will plant peppers, green beans, black eyed peas, cantaloupe, watermelon, squash, okra, cucumbers and of course - more tomatoes.
It may seem like a lot, but my husband and I love garden fresh veggies. Right now we're in the midst of enjoying home grown asparagus any time we want it, and canning the extra. Fresh green beans or black eyed peas are a treat that everyone should try at least once. And oh my goodness, how I love home grown cantaloupe and watermelon.
I haven't purchased hot sauce in years. I much prefer to make my own from home grown tomatoes. Not to mention my Uncle James only speaks to me because I make him chow chow in the fall. (Oh I kid. He still spoke to me last year when I wasn't able to make him chow chow due to a lack of green tomatoes. He said "where's my chow chow girl?" at Christmas. ;-))
I look at gardening differently this year. For me, it's an act of faith. I have faith that I will be healthy enough to take care of the garden while everything grows - weeding, watering, harvesting. I have faith that I'll be healthy enough to enjoy those fresh green beans later this summer, and those home grown taters this fall. Faith that I'll have the strength to can the extra harvest.
Faith that I'll be here.
There - I said it. Once upon a time, not too long ago, I couldn't imagine trying to garden this summer. There were days I didn't think I was going to ever get any strength back, much less enough to take care of a garden. I'm still not all the way back - but I'm on my way. I'm so grateful for that. And even though it's been a struggle, and I still tire easily, I know now that it won't always be that way. I know that eventually I'll be able to bend over and pull weeds without feeling like I'm drowning.
Until then - well - that's why I have children.


Who Relies on Grain Handling Hoses?
Grain handling hoses play a pivotal role in the agricultural sector, serving farmers engaged in the harvesting of grains such as oats, corn, rice, and wheat. These hoses facilitate the seamless transfer of harvested grains from the fields to vehicles destined for storage facilities.
This crucial step involves loading grains from trucks into storage bins, where they accumulate alongside other shipments before being consolidated into larger bulk shipments for distribution. When it comes time to empty these storage bins into railcars, barges, or ocean vessels, a specialized machine known as a grain-vac ensures that every last grain is removed, even from the corners of the containers.
On a smaller scale, screw-type grain augers are employed to input grains into storage and transfer them to transport vehicles. These augers use directional hoses at their discharge, typically made of flexible metal grain handling hoses. Upon arrival at their destination, these transport vessels and trucks employ a reverse system to unload the grains, which are then used in the production of everyday products such as cereal, beer, and animal feed.
How Universal Hose & Braid Supports Grain Handling:
Universal Hose & Braid plays a crucial role in this process by providing tailored solutions to meet the unique needs of customers. We offer custom ID hoses with proprietary end fittings, which can be seamlessly attached to grain vacs. For heavy-duty applications involving oceangoing cargo ships, we manufacture robust hoses with a material thickness of .035, ensuring they can withstand the demands of high-volume, long-distance grain transfers. Additionally, we collaborate with numerous smaller distributors who serve individual farmers across the United States and Canada.
At Universal Hose & Braid, we take pride in our ability to manufacture custom ID hoses in various sizes and materials, including galvanized and stainless steel. Our services include attaching end fittings as needed and providing the option to cut hoses to shorter lengths, such as the commonly used 3-foot hoses for grain augers. This comprehensive approach allows your company to consolidate your hose-related requirements with a single vendor.
Exploring Universal Hose & Braid’s Grain Handling Hoses:
Our product range encompasses hoses with ID sizes ranging from 2 to 14 inches and material thicknesses ranging from .010 to .035. These hoses are versatile, catering to a wide range of grain harvesting needs, from lighter uses to heavy-duty loading and unloading for oceangoing grain handling vessels. Lead times typically vary from 2 to 4 weeks, contingent on factors such as quantities, current production capacity, and product variety.
To delve deeper into the world of grain handling hoses and explore how Universal Hose & Braid can support your specific needs, don’t hesitate to reach out to our knowledgeable experts at (773) 277-0700 or via email at email@example.com.


P02 P16 P29 P42 P55 Lawn Mowing Robot - WORX
1. You get stronger grass. To successfully achieve a strong lawn, mow it as often as needed. Once the grass is cut at Lawn Mowing is a job that Jimmy can perform for money. They become available in Chapter II, after passing the mission Last Minute Shopping. Lawn mowing When should you start mowing?
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Mowing Mowing seems simple enough, but each time you cut your grass you’re paving the way for your lawn’s success or failure. Mow correctly, and you’ll groom turf that’s healthy, drought-tolerant and thick enough to crowd out weeds. Mow incorrectly, and your lawn will struggle to survive. Mowing and Trimming a Lawn Step 1: Trim first.. If you use a string trimmer, use it before mowing. The mower will chop the trimmings and reduce the Step 2: Mow at the right height.. Each grass type has its ideal height range.
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Change blades on Husqvarna Robotic Lawn Mowers
Gday Im Ray I own and operate a Lawn Mowing business in Pittwater on the Northern Beaches of Sydney in Australia. Getting a striped finish Start by mowing around the edge of the lawn For square or rectangular lawns, work from the left side, mowing up and down the lawn using the straight lawn edge as a For circular or irregular shaped lawns, line up the mower with a focal point to achieve an initial straight 2021-03-16 · However, do not mow again if temperatures drop and there is frost.
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- Guided Idea Tracking Notebook: Gee, Jennifer L: Mowing The Lawn Stock Photos, ['mowing the lawn', 'adult shadow people'] Lawn Mowing Robot. EN. 5. 1.2 Information on the Landroid®M. WARNING - Robotic lawnmower can be dangerous if incorrectly used. Read through the Hämta den här Mowing The Lawn vektorillustrationen nu. Och sök i iStocks bildbank efter ännu mer royaltyfri vektorgrafik med bland annat Fram eller Lawn Mower by MyDogMorris Brewery is a Pilsner - Other style beer, which has 9 ratings and reviews on Untappd. Översättningar av fras THE LAWN från engelsk till svenska och exempel på användning av "THE LAWN" i en mening med deras översättningar: Mow the lawn Objects struck by the lawn mower blade can cause severe If lawn mower strikes a foreign object, follow Try a test mowing of grass in a less conspicuous.
9 Jul 2020 Lawn experts note circling is probably the easiest and most efficient pattern when mowing your lawn. After mowing the edges, just keep making
Mowing too tall reduces the visual quality of the grass. Tall fescue and bluegrass are best mowed at 3 inches in the average home lawn throughout the season. 10 Sep 2018 The last couple of years I have been “coaching” my oldest son to mow the lawn. To be honest, our lawn isn't that large and can easily be mowed
5 Benefits of Mowing Your Lawn Regularly. 1. You get stronger grass.
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721-053. SV. Bruksanvisning i original. NO Bruksanvisning i original. PL. Instrukcja av F Hallefält · 1994 — The need for maintenance in the form of mowing grass depends on many For other types of lawn it is better to use a rotary mower since it is Sit back, relax, and mow the lawn.
Mow correctly, and you’ll groom turf that’s healthy, drought-tolerant and thick enough to crowd out weeds. Mow incorrectly, and your lawn will struggle to survive. Mowing and Trimming a Lawn Step 1: Trim first.. If you use a string trimmer, use it before mowing. The mower will chop the trimmings and reduce the Step 2: Mow at the right height.. Each grass type has its ideal height range. Mow bahia, blue gramma, and buffalo Step 3: Adjust the blade
To mow your lawn, start around the perimeter to help square off the lawn and give you room to turn as you mow back and forth in rows.
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Do not use the lawn mower when it is raining or when the grass is wet. ○ Particular precautions must be taken while mowing on slopes or downing stretches. Translation of «Mowing» in Swedish language: — English-Swedish Dictionary. Mowing the lawn? Klipper gräset?
The battery powered lawn mower is intended only for cutting grass in private gardens. It was not designed for continuous commercial use. For commercial use, the
Synonyms and Antonymous of the word mower in Almaany dictionary. Synonyms of "hand mower " ( noun ) : lawn mower , mower; Synonyms of "lawn mower "
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Find GIFs with the latest and newest hashtags! Search, discover and share your favorite Mowing The Lawn GIFs. The best GIFs are on GIPHY. Monty Don has called on gardeners - especially men - to ease off their 'obsession' with mowing the lawn. The 65-year-old said keeping grass short tends to be a male trait, which is about 'control'.
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Mow incorrectly, and your lawn will struggle to survive. Mowing and Trimming a Lawn Step 1: Trim first..
Also bag clippings for a spotless lawn, or mulch to add nutrients back to the soil. Watch t If you are the type of entrepreneur who loves the out doors, the warm summer sun and meeting people, a lawn mowing business may be for you. If you don't mind breaking a sweat, putting in a hard day's work (literally), and lifting heavy mach The lawn experts at DIYNetwork.com share basic tips for mowing and maintaining a healthy lawn. Discover the basics of mowing and why it’s so vital to growing a healthy lawn. Mowing seems simple enough, but each time you cut your grass you’r And Other Fall Lawn Maintenance Tips. Posted September 10, 2020. mowing lawn.


Dr. Magana Njoroge Mungai acquired Magana Farm in the late sixties. He initially began with diary farming. In the seventies he switched his focus from dairy farming to horticulture: growing french beans, avocados and later on apples. In 1994, he added floriculture to his farming portfolio and began to grow roses.
This switch resulted in the birth of Magana Flowers Kenya Limited. It is a 18 hectare, 550 employee flower farm that grows roses for export. Dr. Magana Njoroge Mungai its founder is also its current Chairman and CEO. The flower farm is located on Magana Farm in Kikuyu, Kenya which is approximately 18 km from the city centre and west on the Nairobi- Nakuru dual-carriage highway. It is located 30 km from the International Airport.
Magana Flowers Kenya Limited is a fully owned subsidiary of Magana Holdings Limited which is a privately owned company incorporated in Kenya in 1973. Magana Holdings Limited also has interests in real estate, coffee farming, information technology and investments. Magana Holdings is owned by Dr. Magana Njoroge Mungai and his family.


As the days are getting longer and the weather is staying warm into the evenings, I’m finding myself spending a lot more time outside after work. Whether it’s hanging out by the pool, BBQing or just watering the yard, it’s kind of therapeutic to wind down outdoors after a long day.
I’ve been reading a lot about all of the amazing vegetables that grow during the summer months, and after looking at pictures of Kevan’s garden… I have some serious garden envy. My backyard is still under construction, so I can’t go full throttle with a gorgeous raised planter like Kevan did, so I decided to dig around (pun intended) a little online and for something a little less permanent, but still just as functional.
In the tutorial, they use standard resin boxes. When I build mine, I plan on finding something a little more rustic. However, for all intensive purposes the steps will be the same. If you decide to try out this awesome #DIY, I suggest you get creative, too! Maybe try staining or painting the stands or using a fun variety of planter boxes… whatever makes your garden grow! 😉
Below is the guide by Helpful Homemade. To check out the full, original article and see more step-by-step photos, click here.
2 stair risers (we used risers with 5 steps, but you could also use a 4 or 3 stair riser as well)
5 planter boxes (we used 6″x24″ resin window boxes)
1 2″x4″x12′ board (pressure treated)
4 bolts (we used 3.5″ 5/16 hex bolts)
4 nuts (5/16)
8 washers (5/16)
20 screws and matching size washers
8 additional screws
1. Cut the 2×4 into three pieces – 2 legs and one board to stabilize the back/connect the risers. For our 5 step riser, the leg beams measured 50.5 inches each, and the back support measured 20.5 inches (the width of the bottom of the planter boxes). We had some wood left over. If you don’t want to bother measuring and cutting the boards at home, most home improvement stores have a cutting center you can use (we did!).
2. Drill two matching holes into both the leg and stair riser so they can be attached with bolts. Make sure the holes align – measure before drilling! Align the top of the leg with the top of the stair riser, and the back of the leg with the very back of the riser piece. Attach each leg to a stair riser with bolts; slide a washer to the end of the bolt, insert into the riser/leg, add another washer to the exposed end, and tighten a nut to finish. Repeat until all four bolts are attached. We placed the legs of our vertical planter on the inside of the structure, but you can also place them on the outside of the riser if preferred. However, if you choose this route, you will need to measure a longer piece for the back stabilizer to account for the added width of the structure.
3. At this point, each stair riser now has a leg attached. Stand the stairs upright; the next step is to attach the back stabilizer piece of 2×4. Align the stabilizer piece directly on the back edge of the structure. Drill screws directly in the back of the stabilizer piece and into the leg/stair pieces to connect them. This may require the assistance of a second person to hold the stabilizer/stairs/etc. in place. We used 8 screws; 4 on each side of the structure. Make sure the screws you select are long enough to drill through the stabilizer and into the stair risers/leg pieces.
***Note: before drilling the stabilizer piece into place, it is a good idea to place a planter box on the top step of the riser to make sure it is the correct width to hold it.***
4. It is now time to attach the planter boxes. Place a washer on the end of 20 screws. Carefully hold a planter box in place on a stair riser and drill the screw/washer into the base of the step. We placed 4 screws in each planter box; we started from the bottom and worked our way up the structure.
5. When the planter boxes are attached, drill additional holes in the bottom of the boxes to allow them to drain well.
6. Fill each of the planter boxes with potting soil, plant seeds/seedlings, and watch them grow!


Agrivoltaics: Bridging the Gap Between Solar Energy and Agriculture
The global push for renewable energy to replace fossil fuels has increased the competition for land use. The demand for land has met with increased opposition from the agricultural industry, which is charged with feeding our growing population with ever-reducing areas of arable land. Agriphotovoltaic (APV) systems, also known as agrivoltaic systems, integrate solar energy production with agricultural production, offering a potential solution to the land use problem by combining energy generation with food cultivation.
Benefits of Agrivoltaics
The core concept of agrivoltaics is to optimise land use efficiency and productivity. Leveraging the same land for both solar energy production and agriculture addresses competing land use challenges and offers numerous benefits, such as:
- Enhanced crop productivity: Agrivoltaics improves land productivity by providing shade to crops, reducing evaporation, and decreasing water requirements. This is particularly advantageous in arid and semi-arid regions with limited water resources. The panels act as a protective canopy, moderating temperature extremes and acting as a windshield to enhance crop yields.
- Clean energy generation: Solar panels in agrivoltaic systems produce clean, renewable energy, contributing to the overall energy supply. This reduces greenhouse gas emissions and decreases dependence on fossil fuels.
- Economic benefits: Agrivoltaics offers additional income streams to farmers through the leasing of land for the agrivoltaic systems or enabling them to generate electricity themselves and sell it back to the grid. It also lowers direct energy costs for farmers, increasing the financial sustainability of their operations.
- Land preservation: Utilising the same land for agriculture and solar energy production helps preserve agricultural land that may otherwise be converted for solar installations or urban development. It also aids in biodiversity preservation.
While agrivoltaics presents numerous advantages, there are challenges to address. Careful planning is required to design and manage agrivoltaic systems to ensure optimal plant growth, resource use efficiency, solar panel maintenance, selection of crops suitable for the shaded conditions and evaluation of the economic viability of the combined system.
Constraints of Agrivoltaics
- High Initial Costs of Raised Solar Panels: A 2016 study in Germany projected significant financial losses, around €80,000 per hectare annually, in agrivoltaics under free market conditions. (Trommsdorff, 2016). If not thought through and optimised, additional costs for poorly designed structures can add to the PV costs substantially. Government incentives were suggested to promote the uptake by farmers.
- Ongoing Expenses: Ongoing costs include maintaining electrical infrastructure and dealing with potential damage to solar arrays by farm machinery.
- Complex Operations Lead to Higher Labour Costs: Technical expertise beyond farmers’ capabilities may elevate skilled labour expenses.
- Agricultural Land Loss: Despite enhancing solar panel efficiency, agricultural land loss is inevitable in agrivoltaics due to the required supporting infrastructure.
- Ideal Circumstances for Agrivoltaics May Be Limited: While certain crops thrive in shaded environments, others can decrease yield in shaded conditions.
How do Agrivoltaics Work?
Agrivoltaics operates by merging solar panels with agricultural methods to maximise the advantages of both systems. Following is a general outline of how agrivoltaics work:
- Site selection: Suitable locations for agrivoltaic systems are identified based on land availability, solar resource potential, soil quality, and proximity to existing grid infrastructure.
- Solar panel installation: Solar panels are installed above or alongside agricultural fields, mounted on structures like poles, frames, or racks, or integrated into existing agricultural infrastructure such as greenhouses or shade structures.
- Design considerations: Various factors such as panel tilt angle, height, spacing, and orientation are considered in the design of agrivoltaic systems. These factors are optimised to balance maximising solar energy generation while minimising shading impacts on crop growth.
- Crop selection: Crops suited for agrivoltaic systems are chosen based on their capacity to tolerate or benefit from the shading provided by the solar panels. Leafy greens, herbs, and shade-tolerant plants thrive in these systems.
- Shading and microclimate effects: Solar panels shade the crops, reducing excessive sunlight and moderating temperature extremes. This promotes a favourable microclimate for crop growth, enhancing water efficiency and reducing evaporation.
- Resource management: Irrigation, nutrient management, and pest control practices are adjusted to accommodate the shading effects and altered microclimate in agrivoltaic systems. Water use may decrease due to the shading effect, necessitating careful monitoring and management for optimal crop growth.
- Energy generation and management: The solar panels produce electricity, which can be utilised on-site to power agricultural operations and fed into the grid for distribution.
- Maintenance and monitoring: Regular maintenance of the solar panels is crucial to ensure optimal energy generation. Monitoring systems are commonly employed to track the solar panels’ performance and crop growth, enabling adjustments as necessary.
Agrivoltaic systems can be adapted to various agricultural practices, including row crops, orchards, vineyards, and greenhouse cultivation. Design and management techniques may vary based on climate, crop type, and regional conditions.
Challenges and Opportunities in Agrivoltaics
Co-locating agricultural and energy systems offers farmers, solar developers, and governments a promising path but requires careful planning and integration. The adoption of agrivoltaic systems in Australia has been slow due to technical knowledge gaps, economic hurdles, inadequate planning, and unclear policy guidance. To facilitate the widespread adoption of agrivoltaics, there is a need to address restrictive insurance requirements, leverage the power distribution network to benefit horticultural regions, increase the planning of solar grazing/crop systems, prioritise biodiversity in low rainfall zones, and establish user-friendly best practice guidelines.
Government policy and incentives will play an important role in successfully implementing agrivoltaics. The recent release of benefit-sharing guidelines by the NSW government is a positive step that proposes a rate for benefit sharing per megawatt per annum for solar energy development paid over the life of the development and indexed to the Consumer Price Index. (Department of Planning and Environment, 2023)
Agrivoltaic developers must also earn community trust and engage in meaningful and mutually beneficial discussions. If developed equitably, these developments can greatly benefit rural towns.
What Can BE&R Do for You
BE&R can analyse the right fit technology, identify potential partners, undertake land assessments and conduct feasibility studies to develop investable business cases. BE&R has worked with solar technology vendors and developers, assessing their application and effectiveness, and has developed business plans for international developers. Most important, is exploring the proposed development for innovations that can reduce costs and vastly improve the economics and other benefits of the project. For more information, please follow us on LinkedIn and contact us.
Agrivoltaics offers a promising solution towards a more sustainable energy future in Australia. These systems can provide significant benefits such as enhanced crop productivity, clean energy generation, and increased economic opportunities for farmers. Challenges include high initial costs, ongoing expenses and a lack of government policy guidance for the industry. By overcoming these challenges through collaboration amongst system developers, governments, researchers, farmers and communities, we can move closer to a cleaner and greener Australia.
Retrieved from chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://shared-drupal-s3fs.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/master-test/fapub_pdf/NSW+Planning+Portal+Documents/Draft+Benefit+Sharing+Guideline+(2).pdf
Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE. (2022, April). Agrivoltaics: Opportunities for Agriculture and the Energy Transition. Retrieved from chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ise/en/documents/publications/studies/APV-Guideline.pdf
Trommsdorff, M. (2016, December 30). An economic analysis of agrophotovoltaics: Opportunities, risks and strategies towards a more efficient land use. Retrieved from chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/150976/1/879248831.pdf


The birth and growth of modern science in plant breeding over the years was seen as a ‘savior’ in solving various agricultural production problems. Farmers sang the chorus ‘it is a new variety’ as breeders embarked on hybridization.
Millions and millions of farmers abandoned their local ones hoping to improve their livelihood.This blossomed and there was massive plant genetic erosion for local varieties. The tendency entrapped farmers due to implications of Plant Breeders Rights (PBRs).
Their freedom to share and exchange saved seeds was limited. The practice was an old practice in Kenyan farming communities. This is clearly denoted in an African proverb ‘Mbegu ndiu managwo’ meaning that no one can deny another a seed.
In addition, farmers saving seeds are required by Kenyan seed laws to pay royalties to the breeders. The value is a given percentage of the total revenue at the farm gate level. This directly increases the cost of production and offers a second payment to the breeder; cost of seeds and royalty.
Seed Savers Network identified an information gap in farming communities and awakened the spirit of farmers managed seed systems. The concept of seed and food sovereignty continue to transverse the country through farmers outreach programme. From field experiences, farmers feel at a great loss where some local seeds are no longer traceable in their communities.
Increased awareness on their rights has led to emergence of farmers’ champions who have played a significant role in empowering other farmers. This year, their vibrancy in training other farmers on their rights, importance of crop diversity, through songs and drama have been instrumental in sharing information in their regions.
The integration of demonstration plots for training farmers on farm saved seeds has changed their perception on its production. The essence of maintaining soil health for increased production has been an area of focus during the training. This has sparked a new practice of using locally available farm inputs to enhance productivity for their soils. Initially, farmers ignored incorporating manure in to their soils.
‘And the way we throw it away because we don’t need it in our homesteads,’ Jane from Njeru Self Help Group narrated during a training session. Farmers in the area are known to have large flocks of sheep and usually dispose the manure to a neighboring forest where businessmen collect it for distribution to Kiambu at Ksh.22, 000 per lorry.
The lucky ones sold it at ksh.3, 000 which was used to buy fertilizer. The group after training in the demonstration plot provided by one of their members like other groups has adopted seed saving and integrated organic soil fertility management in their farms.
Indeed, not all that glitters is gold. The introduction of hybrids led to mono-culture. This creates homogeneity in agricultural fields affecting crop diversity. As witnessed in the past, mono-culture exposes farmers to a high risk due crop failure attributed to adverse environmental conditions.
In Kenya for instance, the effect of climate change, outbreak of diseases (Maize lethal Necrosis) and Pests (Fall Army Worm) have been the darkest times to farming communities. Farmers experienced heavy losses leaving them with less/no food to provide to their families. This is especially in maize which is a major staple food.
In midst of these challenges were farmers part of Seed Savers Network. The outcomes of their efforts in diversifying their crops were promising as they had food for their families. Special traits in disease and pest resistant inherent to their local varieties was an incentive to save more and diverse seeds.The wave of change continue to blow to more farmers as the beneficiaries share the good news.
The debate on the high nutritional value of local food over the years seems to grow stronger and stronger. Voice from medical experts, nutritionists, media and researchers add more weight on this matter. Food consumption behavior is
gradually changing in favor of local and organically grown food. The demand although growing slowly shows a foreseeable future in increased production of local crop crops. This means farmers will require local seeds for planting which will only be supplied through the farmers managed seed system. As a network, we continue to build capacity of farmers in seed saving to enhance realization of our mission of strengthening communities’ seed systems for improved seed access and enhanced food sovereignty. This is critical in matching the expected demand with production.
The introduction of Open Source Seed System in Kenya by Hivos ushers a new dawn in the seed sector in Kenya. The concept advocates for seeds to remain common goods, free and available for use to everyone without restrictions. Great news! what a joy that the chain of plant breeder rights entangling farmers freedom on seed saving, exchange and sharing will in the future be a story of the past.
Seed Savers Network has been working closely with Hivos through the Open Source Seed System initiative. We continue to diffuse the idea to farmers, government agents, researchers, Like-minded CSOs and NGOs.This has been done through various platforms; Exhibitions at KARLO Njoro during World Food Day, media (radio and Facebook) and stakeholders meeting held at our hall.
Currently, the network is working with farmers in documentation of underutilized local crops in Nakuru County. This tries to develop a reference for local varieties as well as document its associated traditional knowledge. So far, farmers have been trained on various aspects of the work and remains determined in identifying custodians for various local varieties in their regions.
The output of this endeavor is to promote utilization of the local crops as seed or food under confines of open source seed system. More farmers will access diverse seeds freely and engage in production to meet the created demand due to increased information on the nutritional composition of local food items. The tendency will have a multiplier effect on the number of farmers saving seeds as they try to tap the emerging agribusiness opportunity.
The emergence of community seed banks in villages has ushered a new era of strengthening communities’ seed system. These acts as seed access points for other farmers in the village where custodian farmers store their seeds. On average each serves 200 farmers. The training on seed production and treatment is done by Seed Savers
Extension Officers who undertakes farmers Outreach Programmes in farming areas.
The model used for the seed bank is that a seed bank member volunteer space for the members to store their individual seeds.The seed bank ensures security for the seeds. Farmers during difficult times in the past used to consume the seeds which exposed them further to food insecurity as they lacked the seeds for planting on onset of rain. The seed banks also ensures accessibility to diverse local seeds amongst the members and by other community members.
So far Seed Savers has established 40 seed banks. The operations of the seed banks involves seed; multiplication, collection and recording, processing and fairs. During seed fairs farmers from different seed banks come together to showcase their work, share seeds and also train other farmers in the area.
This has enhanced spread of the concept to many farmers where in some cases farmers champions have established community seeds in their villages on their own. The tendency brings aspect of sustainability on farmers managed seed system work as farmers take the lead role.
The current spirit by Kenyan Government through the Ministry of agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries in developing a policy for composite flours is another area. Of late senior government officials have been consistent in adding millet and sorghum to current maize flours. This will promote consumption of these crops thus trickling down the effect to farmers for more production.
Currently farmers obtain seeds from their farm saved seeds or sharing from other farmers.The dominance of maize in manufacturing had weakened the production and consumption of these two crops. This was also disincentive for producers and forced to embark on subsistence production.
However, the proposed approach by the Kenyan government moving into the future will amplify the farmers managed seed system in supplying the seeds to match the increasing demand for sorghum and millet in the country.
Lastly, Seed Savers Network remains strategic and focused to tap and sensitize farmers on the opportunities. To strengthen the farmers managed seeds system, the organization has developed modules targeting farmers’
champions and staff from like-minded organizations. This will build their capacity and prepare them as drivers of change in their communities.
The module is designed to offer theoretical and practical exposure necessary in seed production, processing and storage (in community seed banks). Participants after the training will be guided by the organization to diffuse their skills back to their community. This will ensure seed savings occurs in various regions independently and in sporadic manner at grassroots level which is a pre-requisite for a seed movement.
Initially, the efforts of strengthening farmers managed seed system was hampered by existence of knowledge gap on its components. The current approach by seed savers through the module will contribute in bridging the gap by streamlining and building capacity of the mentioned actors.


Majority of Indian farmers are still unaware of the quality pricing criteria. This especially includes the small and middle category farmer whose dependence on the harvest is very high and urgent as well. This causes them to sell at the price the buyer will offer. It is highly optimistic for us to hope that the buyer will offer the right price to a farmer who is unaware of their right. MATT comes handy to the farmer so that he/she can assess the quality of their product. This way we empower the bargaining power of these people.
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With the dilution of APMC acts, the possibility to make agri trade online marketplace has become real. The steps taken by the central government and few state governments in this process is commendable. But as the online marketplace lacks the possibility to personally judge the sample before buying, it needs a way to convey the quality of commodity that a seller is offering to the buyer. It becomes crucial at a juncture when the crop price can increase more than to its double based on its quality. With MATT in emandi setup, the trader can easily assess the commodity being sold and can offer price accordingly.
MATT can be scaled to all commodities. But considering the initial hardware requirements, we only have restricted ourselves to small cereals, pulses etc.
The hardware device is customized and calibrated scanning device that captures the image and sends it to further process.


Dallas Turf & Irrigation Specialists Inc.
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"Dallas Irrigation & Turf knew right on the spot what I had and were able to treat disease in my yard in 2 applications. With additional soil testing, we found my yard was lacking in a few nutrients. My lawn is now greener and healthier than it has ever been. Thank you Dallas Turf & Irrigation." -C. Walker Cedar Hill TX
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Yesterday was Dong Zhi and according to Chinese custom, it is time for family reunion. Most of the Chinese households are celebrating good harvest by celebrating with family, in which family members from faraway places will return home to join in the celebration. In the olden days Dong Zhi was celebrated in style. It was the time when farmers and fishermen harvested and gathered food in preparation for winter. One of the must eat dishes is glutinous rice balls which represents round and full for the coming years.
This year Dong Zhi was celebrated a day earlier. Normally it falls 3 days before X'mas, that is on the 22nd December.
Nowadays the rice balls come with varieties of fillings but I still prefer the plain rice balls boil in ginger brown sugar syrup. It can be eaten in savory broth cooked together with chinese cabbage and mushrooms.


The Australian Government Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) hosted a packed out meeting of local farmers and other interested observers in the Grenfell bowling club yesterday.
Given that the Weddin Shire and neighbouring districts are still predominantly reliant on the cropping industry as the backbone of their economies the meeting was timely as the harvest season draws near.
The gathering – dubbed a research Update – saw hot agronomic topics such as “combating weeds, boosting crop nutrition and yields” high on the agenda among the local grain growers in attendance to dissect and discuss.
Growers were also there to learn about wide ranging developments in research and practices that can have a positive impact for on-farm production.
The exciting factor regarding the Update was that a line-up of expert speakers from throughout Australia addressed growers on subjects and issues of most relevance and importance to them.
GRDC Southern Regional Panel chair David Shannon opened the proceedings with a presentation on nitrogen management for yield and protein in wheat.
Following on from that Mr Shannon introduced Dr Neil Fettell, a researcher from the University of New England and a GRDC Southern Regional Panel member, as well as Dr James Hunt from the CSIRO.
They looked at decision-making considerations for topdressing with nitrogen and raised the question of whether plant genetics affect protein results.
Mr Shannon also commented that “local farmers often deliberated about changing their livestock/cropping mix and whether a change would impact on their future business risk.”
The meeting was also told in an address by Cam Nicholson from Nicon Rural Services that “It’s a dilemma for many people in farming so the likely implications need to be discussed.”
The vital question of herbicide resistance was given some scope by an expert in the field, Dr Chris Preston, from the University of Adelaide.
He provided growers with the latest data on herbicide resistance in weeds and an update on developments in pre-emergent options.
The question of whether it is worth spraying for yellow leaf spot was then taken up by the following speaker, Andrew Milgate from DPI NSW, following which in-crop strategies for knocking out fleabane and sow thistle were covered by Col Plater from Dow Agrosciences.
Mr Shannon then informed the gathering that vital new products were now available and those in development for the grains industry would be detailed by GRDC Manager of Commercial Farm Technologies, Paul Meibusch.
Mr Shannon summed up by saying that the day had been worthwhile for those in attendance and that it was great to see such a terrific response to the enterprise from local growers who were keen to ask questions and learn as much as they could from the experts.
He concluded by saying that it was “encouraging to see local grain growers down tools for half a day to attend the Update which is supported by Farmlink Research and Central West Farming Systems.
“The programs were developed for the Update and have involved considerable collaboration with local farmer representatives to ensure the topics are timely and regionally relevant and that the speakers selected were authorities on each of those issues,” he said.
All smiles at the huge turnout for the GRDC Update at the Grenfell bowling club yesterday – including guest speakers, organisers who were responsible for staging the very successful event, a guest farmer and an Australian farm machinery manufacturer – were (l/r) Neil Fettell (GRDC), Wayne McKay (Canowindra farmer), Di Parsons (Central West Farming Systems – Condobolin), John Cobden (CEO Farmlink
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João Tavares de Pina is a passionate champion of the Dão region, its wines and food. After initial studying viticulture and winemaking at Bordeaux University, João followed this with further study at Villa Real, where he finished a 3 year research project on yeast: selecting yeast from Vinho Verde that is eventually commercialized as QA23 and sold throughout the world. Tavares is a strong proponent of the cooler climate wine styles around Penalva do Castelo and, in particular, the Jaen grape (Spain’s Mencia). His wines are true to the cooler, more elevated climates surrounding Penalva do Castelo where he plants Jaen, Rufete, Touriga Nacional,Tinta Pinheira (reds) and Encruzado, Serceal, Bical, Arinto, Malvasia Fina (whites) in a currently expanding 3 hectare vineyard.
Dão was often described in the 19th Century as the ‘Bourgogne of the South’ and was a preferred wine of Portugal’s kings stretching back deeply into the nation’s early history. Quinta da Boa Vista vineyards grow between 500 and 550 meters between elevation and river driven humidity, wide diurnal temperature shifts (20º+) Due to the low altitude to the west, the weather is influenced by the Atlantic that brings regular rain, creating one of the dampest viniculture regions in our country and the world. On the other hand, the climate is also greatly influenced by its relative distance from the ocean, making the winter temperatures lower than normal and the summer temperatures warmer. Soil at Quinta da Boa Vista is composed of slate and granite at great depth with high levels of clay, which is uncommon to the Dao region. This soil provides good drainage and excellent water storage, limiting the period of hydro stress during the final phase of maturity.
No-till, grass cover cropping is practiced and although the vineyards are not certified organic, they are farmed under organic and sustainable practices. Given the winery is covered in photovoltaic cells; making Quinta da Boa Vista a net exporter of electricity its promoted as carbon neutral. The vineyard's floor is covered with autochthonous flowers such as chamomile, clover, serradella, lavender and some different types of grasses which act as natural defense for vines against fungi and any other disease. Occasionally in some years is sulphur and copper used in the vines and cropping is naturally at or under 2 ton/ha as Tavares believes his vines should find their own harmony and carry their own natural weight in grapes with low producers having more ripeness and others less, thus creating a greater complexity and minerality.