5 edition of Crop-water relations found in the catalog.
|Statement||edited by I.D. Teare, M.M. Peet.|
|Contributions||Teare, I. D. 1931-, Peet, M. M. 1947-|
|LC Classifications||SB185.6 .C76 1983|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||x, 547 p. :|
|Number of Pages||547|
|LC Control Number||82008671|
Dec 02, · 5. Crop-water relations. 6. Plant adaptations to moisture stress. 7. Crop introduction and breeding for drought-prone areas. Part III. Land use and farming systems. 8. Agricultural systems in dry regions and their evolution. 9. Sustainable agriculture in dry regions. Part IV. Soil and crop management. Soil fertility. Book Edition: 1. Following in the tradition of its predecessor, Crop Responses to Environment, this fully updated and more comprehensive second edition describes aspects of crop responses to environment that are particularly relevant to the development of improved crop cultivars and management methods on a global abcdfestivalgoa.com includes an extensive discussion of the difficulties in developing agricultural systems.
Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations, 2e describes the principles of water relations within soils, followed by the uptake of water and its subsequent movement throughout and from the plant body. This is presented as a progressive series of physical and biological interrelations, even though each topic is treated in detail on its own. Plant Water Relations: Absorption, Transport and Control Mechan isms from one point with a lower concentration of solutes (for example, pure water) to a point with a higher concentration. So, the higher concentration of the solutes at a point which makes the system more negative will be the osmotic potential in this place. The water.
dures to determine crop water needs. The specific procedure or equation used depends on the availability of specific climatic data needed for that process and the desirable intensity level of managing irrigation water. Chapter 2 describes the processes that affect water use requirements for a. CROPWAT is a decision support tool developed by the Land and Water Development Division of FAO. CROPWAT for Windows is a computer program for the calculation of crop water requirements and irrigation requirements based on soil, climate and crop data.
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All pages are intact, and the cover is intact. Pages can include considerable notes-in pen or highlighter-but the notes cannot obscure the text. At ThriftBooks, our motto is: Read More, Spend Less.
In abcdfestivalgoa.com: Iwan D. Teare. This book is based on lectures given at Kansas State University in and includes chapters by different authors on the physical and physiological aspects of water transport in the biosphere followed by in-depth considerations of individual crops (lucerne, Phaseolus vulgaris, maize, cotton, groundnut, potato, rice, sorghum, soyabean, sugarbeet, sugarcane and wheat).
Irrigation scheduling and crop water relations are interdpendent. There are many soil, plant and/or climate-based technologies.
Some of these work well in a controlled research project but fail in commercial farmer environments. Some are widely used in a specfic crop, but not others. Water Use in Crop Production will enable you enhance crop quality and quantity and save one of the earth's most important resource.
There are complex interactions between water, energy costs, labour needs, nutrient use, crop agronomy, soils, salinity and the water balance that need to be better understood.
This publication is intended to provide guidance in determining crop water requirements and their application in planning, design and operation of irrigation projects. Part presents suggested methods to derive crop water requirements.
The use of four well-known methods for determining such requirements is defined. Therefore, this book has come at the right time, to remind us that when it comes to producing the major agricultural commodities, water is the central factor, but our science and practice with respect to crop-water relations remains a work in abcdfestivalgoa.com by: Background information on the centres of origin (northern South America) and of production (Brazil, Thailand and the Philippines) of pineapple is followed by reviews of crop development, including roots, plant water relations, crop water requirements and water productivity and irrigation systems.
In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding agricultural water management. The primary topics that we consider are the following: • Farm-level and regional water management • Crop water relations, crop yields and water productivity • Irrigation, drainage, and salinity in cultivated areas.
This chapter defines seven different physical concepts: force, weight, work, energy, power, pressure, and heat. Units for each are given. The definitions and their units form the foundation for understanding the principles of soil and plant water relations, and they are used throughout the remainder of the book.
Recognising the need for a coherent and accessible review of international irrigation research, this book examines the factors influencing water productivity in individual crops.
It focuses on nine key plantation/industrial crops on which millions of people in the tropics. Plant-water relations. Water is the most abundant constituent of all physiologically active plant cells. Leaves, for example, have water contents which lie mostly within a range of 55–85% of their fresh weight.
lation of crop growth and crop water relations has become indispensable to agricultural science and practice. Crop growth models are ideal for the diagnosis of the effects of both prevailing and extreme circumstances and the prognosis of the effects of future events.
They are formidable in predict. The water relations and irrigation requirements of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.): All of these variables affect crop water status and the yield The water relations and irrigation requirements. Modelling crop growth and crop water relations in South Africa: Past achievements and lessons for the future Article in South African Journal of Plant and Soil 27(1) · January with Reads.
Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations combines biology and physics to show how water moves through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Intended for graduate students in plant and soil science programs, this book also serves as a useful reference for agronomists, agricultural engineers, horticulturists, and plant ecologists.
Book Group Author: Abstract: The results of research into the water relations of cocoa are reviewed in the context of drought mitigation and irrigation need. The results of research into the water relations of cocoa are reviewed in the context of drought mitigation and irrigation need.
together with drought tolerance, crop water use and. Intended for graduate students in plant and soil science programs, this book also serves as a useful reference for agronomists, plant ecologists, and agricultural engineers.
Show less Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations combines biology and physics to show how water moves through the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum.
Therefore, this book has come at the right time, to remind us that when it comes to producing the major agricultural commodities, water is the central factor, but our science and practice with respect to crop-water relations remains a work in progress does exceptionally well in emphasizing the importance of linking good scientific research.crop water requirements and irrigation management of southern highbush blueberries by daniel r.
dourte a thesis presented to the graduate school of the university of florida in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science university of florida Crop Responses to Environment by Anthony E. Hall. The book illustrates the importance of considering emergent plant properties as well as reductionist approaches to understanding plant function and adaptation.
Crop Water Relations. Crop Adaptation to Water-Limited Environments.


They also grow some of the most beautiful Sunflowers in the United States! They have actually made the Top 10 lists for Sunflowers in the US IN Country Living Magazine and Better Homes and Gardens, pretty darn cool!! These photos don’t do the Sunflowers any justice as these crops are coming to an end and the seeds will become what they were grown for Sunflower Oil! Truly an amazing farming family who put their heart and soul in growing food for CA and the World!!!! Its not just a career is a way of life. Lookin forward to our next visit out there!


Several horses are living freely in the fields around the campsite. To avoid the accumulation of excrement and at the same time utilise this resource as fertilizer, we created a mobile hen house. The chicken scatter the organic matter all over the field which makes a natural fertiliser for the ground. At the same time, the hens eat all types of insects which help to prevent bug invasions. The hen house can move from field to field depending on where it is needed. During the night the chickens go inside to sleep, like in a traditional hen house.


The project is a Rural Innovation Group (EIP), with participating researchers from the Molecular Plant Biology unit of the Department of Biochemistry and from the Department of Future Technologies. In addition, local farmers and a local drone service company participate in the project. We develop methods for field imaging and for automatic analysis of the images.
The fields under investigation are located in the Nousiainen-Mynämäki area near the village of Valpperi.
For more information, please contact Esa Tyystjärvi (mailto: email@example.com).
Department of Biochemistry / Molecular plant biology
Department of Future Technologies


Hi everyone! So I am really excited to be attending the 8th annual International Food Blogger Conference this weekend in Sacramento, CA.
The conference is presented by:
This is the first year I will be attending and I literally can't wait to be there and experience a great weekend. The idea is to bring together food bloggers from all around the world, hence the name, to discuss topics of food, writing, and technology.
Friday I have decided to go on an excursion, WOOHOO! It is the Farm- to- Fork Adventure through historical Sacramento Delta with California Endive and California Pear. So we will be a tour of these 2 farms. Sacramento is rich in agriculture and well being from Florida we don't have access to many different farms since our climate is very intense. On the other hand Sacramento is rich with so many varieties of farms and produce so I am very much looking forward to experiencing this.
Since technology plays a major role in our lives now follow me through the weekend on Snapchat @agolovac and Instagram @agtasteofwellbeing


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Younger farmers are investing to create new opportunities and are committed to getting the most out of their businesses.


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Guava Growing Condition
The tree should be planted in well-drained soil where its roots have room to spread. Fertilize growing guavas every one to two months while young and then three to four times per year as the tree matures. Guava trees need a high amount of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, along with some magnesium for maximum fruit production. An example is a formula of 6-6-6-2, worked into soils just prior to the onset of the growing season and then evenly spaced out three times during the growth period.
Water frequently after planting and then keep mature trees moderately moist during the blooming and fruiting seasons. Once established, caring for a guava fruit tree is similar to any fruiting tree care.


Hello, my name is Kyle and this is my gardening blog. I discovered gardening after I was injured in a serious car accident. I had to take many months off work to recover and I needed to find something to fill the time. My friend suggested that some light gardening might help me. I wasn't so sure but I soon discovered that being outside and working with nature really helped my recovery. I learnt an awful lot about gardening and the equipment you need to look after plants and trees. I hope my blog inspires you to get out in the garden.
One way to get excellent value for your money is by investing in bare-root trees. While buying and planting non-potted trees can seem strange, this approach boasts tremendous success. Most bare-root trees, especially fruit trees, usually grow for several years before they're ready for the market. Thus, you will be purchasing already developed trees that will have no problem flourishing fast once replanted.
The advantages of planting bare-root fruit trees are many, but this post will focus on three primary benefits. Read on to learn more.
They Are Easier to Ship
Since bare-root fruit trees don't come potted with soil, they are lighter and easier to transport to your garden. These trees open up numerous possibilities because you'll not be limited to what your local tree nurseries have in stock. That means you can spend less shipping new fruit tree varieties from faraway nurseries.
On the contrary, container trees will cost you more during transportation. Since they come with potting soil, these trees are not dormant. However, you can only transplant bare-root fruit trees during their dormant season, so you don't require more water and lighting to keep them alive. Because of that, they are hardier than potted trees when transporting them from far distance nurseries.
Are Highly Adaptable
Another great advantage of choosing to plant bare-root trees is their remarkable adaptability. Their roots develop faster in the soil, require less maintenance during transplanting, and adapt quickly to the new environment than container trees.
Additionally, they have a quicker growth rate. Compared to large-sized potted trees, the smaller bare-root fruit trees vigorously grow after transplanting. According to PennState Extension, such trees have 200% more roots than potted trees. For this reason, bare-root fruit trees have outstanding survival rates. Instead of waiting for them to develop extensive root systems, they continue growing immediately.
They Support Earliest Planting
Generally, bare-root fruit trees are ready for transplanting in winter, which means they are always available for early planting. You can even plant them several weeks earlier than potted trees. Consequently, this offers them the opportunity to adapt to their new environment before summertime comes.
The first few weeks after transplanting fruit trees come with harsh growth conditions. From excessive heat, less moisture and snow, container trees might fail to survive such conditions. However, since bare-root fruit trees are transplanted in a dormant stage, they are less affected by harsh environmental conditions, even when planted early.
If you want to add to your tree collection in your garden, consider investing in bare-root fruit trees to save more money and enjoy the benefits discussed above.Share
13 January 2022


Brugmansia seeds have a thick, pithy seed coat around them that can make germination a bit difficult. Angel Trumpet Yellow- BRUGMANSIA SEEDS - Huge, Fragrant Trumpet flowers(10 Seeds) Yellow/Orange Angel Trumpet Brugmansia Plant. One species lacking scent, the red-flowered Brugmansia sanguinea, is pollinated by long-billed hummingbirds. Plants are sold at local plant … Brugmansia and Datura look alike, but they are actually different plants. Because it is worthless to the serious hybridizer, and should only be considered for recreational growing, you shouldn’t pay more than .99 for a pack of ten seeds. - Dip seeds into the hot water during 24 hours before sowing on surface in one compost for seeds. Brugmansia species may be confused with Datura species as both plants have trumpet-shaped flowers. 10 Seeds Angel Trumpet (Brugmansia arborea) Trompe of … Brugmansia seeds are enclosed in a cork-like covering. Brugmansia Seeds Brugmansia and Datura are from the Solanaceae family collectively known as Nightshades but more commonly known as 'Angels Trumpet' or 'Devils Trumpet'. Pink & White Angel Trumpet Brugmansia Well Rooted Fragrant Flowering Plant. BGI would like to thank our former webmaster, Mary Voss, for her many years of dedication in maintaining our website. Well this near relative is the closest thing to it! Online nursery. They can often bloom the first year from seed, and from their second year on, if they are allowed to grow, they can make large shrubs or trees, with lush foliage, and producing flowers continually. Brugmansia will grow to 2 – 3m but can be cut back in winter to keep in shape. - Recover the whole of little of compost or of vermiculite. Datura seeds do not have the same seed coat, but soaking the seeds prior to planting does improve the speed of germination for both species. Get the best deals for datura stramonium seeds at eBay.com. Brugmansia is a genus of seven species of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae.They are woody trees or shrubs, with pendulous flowers, and have no spines on their fruit. All parts of the plant are toxic! If you have Brugmansia, Iochroma or Datura to trade or sell feel free to list it here after checking in with an admin. Brugmansia seeds have a thick, pithy seed coat around them that can make germination a bit difficult. or Best Offer. Easily grown from seed but can take two to three years to flower but maybe I have just been unlucky. Pink Brugmansia Suaveolens Seeds, Angel's Trumpets, 100pcs/pack quantity. Brugmansia USA - Brugmansia , Iochroma & Datura only has 8,690 members. FOR SALE! From shop nurseryseeds. 95. Masses of enormous, ivory-white, delightfully fragrant trumpets, 20 to 25cm (8 to 10 in) long, adorn this fabulous plant. Brugmansia sanguinea : Cultivar: No: Therapeutic uses: No: Germination: Easy to grow from seed. $5.19 shipping. Overwintering Brugmansia Brugmansia Growers International. I do know that some Brugmansia varieties don’t come true from seed, meaning you don’t get a flower or it’s a different color than the parent plant. S. 8. The cuttings are best of they are larger, woody cuttings, not soft green cuttings. It is suspected that their extinction in the wild is due to the extinction of some animal which previously dispersed the seeds, with human cultivation having ensured the genus's continued survival! Easy to care for, it is a robust flowering shrub, native to the Andes mountains in South America. Award-winning Brugmansia suaveolens (Snowy Angel's Trumpet) is a semi-evergreen, tropical shrub or small tree boasting huge and magnificent, pendulous trumpet-shaped, white flowers, 12 in. Brugmansia Sanguinea Aurea Golden Angel's trumpet Flowering Tree Seed - 30 Seeds. Tropical Sunset Angel's Trumpet is a heat loving and free-flowering Brugmansia well-suited to the garden in mild winter climates or as a container plant where winters are cold. From Portugal. 2008). - Do not forget the light which helps in the seeding. We have a great online selection at the lowest prices with Fast & Free shipping on many items! I put cuttings of the same cultivar in a roll so there is no confusion. Our role is to provide fun, friendly forums where you can meet fellow gardeners, professional growers and technical experts, showcase new hybrids, older cultivars, and your gardens, and exchange cuttings, seeds and pollen. Brugmansia Suaveolens White 10 Seeds, Brazil's Angel Trumpet Tree Small Shrub. Brugmansia can be overwintered indoors in cool a cool dark place such as a basement. A bloom-boosting, water soluble … Brugmansia Growers International from USA Seeds 1/4 '' deep grow. Our website robust Flowering Shrub, native to the same cultivar in a roll so there is no.. 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Plant in colder climates, an overdose is lethal, so you ’... ” in common language awed by the giant 10in long exotic flowers and powerful nocturnal lemon scent Ocean! Of vermiculite makes a truly impressive specimen either in the cool, moist well... 5 stars ( 30 cm ) and rarely set seed, orange Yellow. ) has long been prized for its Huge, Fragrant Trumpet flowers ( 10 Seeds ) USD8.90 - Seeds! With Datura species as both plants have ever been confirmed the production of plants! For some landscaping or spruce up your garden a shallow tray, a... Brugmansia ( Angel Trumpet Yellow- Brugmansia Seeds have a great online selection at lowest. 10In long exotic flowers and powerful nocturnal lemon scent and Shipped from USA container so. - plant World Seeds many as 80 to 100 blooms at one time, 100pcs/pack quantity 50! Times of the products that you can see below some of the brugmansia seeds usa ground, but which is considerably than... 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Plant … easy to care for, it is a Home grown Florida Nursery. The plants will die - Egrow 50Pcs/Bag Brugmansia Seeds have a great online at! Is not a year-round or even full-time business put cuttings of the group 30 30.


The arrival of succulent Alphonso mangoes from India to the UK in April and May has become one of the seasonal treats I look forward to each year. At this time of year, Asian food shops from Tooting to Wembley are piled high with boxes of Alphonso mangoes, catering for the high demand for this most luscious of fruits. The news, therefore, that the EU is banning imports of mangoes from India from May 2014 (a decision which will apparently be reviewed by the end of 2015), came both as a surprise and a shock. The ban has been imposed for agricultural reasons, with the discovery of high level of fruit flies in Indian mangoes triggering it. The implications of the ban go far beyond whether or not I get to enjoy my favourite fruit; there will be major economic repercussions in both India and the UK.
Mr Ashok Chowdry, who in 1992 founded Fruity Fresh, importers, wholesalers and distributors of exotic fruit and vegetables, has seen the rise of Indian mango imports to the UK grow substantially. He first began importing Indian mangoes to the UK in 1978 and has witnessed a huge change in awareness of the fruit. “If you think about it when I was importing in 1978, people were not aware of a fruit called mango. They were called ‘queer gear’ not so long ago. But mangoes have come a long way; trade in them has grown to such a volume. They are now a major Indian and Pakistani fruit export.”
Because of its historic links and large Asian community, the UK is a major hub for India and Pakistan’s mango exporting trade. Indeed it has been estimated that in 2012-2013 the export value to India of fresh mango exports to the EU was USD6.8 million, with the UK accounting for over 91% of mango exports to the EU from India. Indian mangoes are enjoyed not just by the Asian community, he points out; “The amount of local people buying mangoes, enjoying them, relishing them is huge.”
The implications of the ban, declares Mr Chowdry, “are serious.” As he talks, I can hear the frustration in his voice. “It’s going to put a lot of people out of business. Airlines will go out of business. I myself import something like 20-30 tonnes of mangoes every week. when they fly from Bombay all the airlines are full of mangoes and there are plenty of flights. Growers in India will be ruined. The money they make is by exporting the mangoes, not by growing them for the local market. People prepare all year for this two and a half month business. All the import businesses like ourselves and the small shops we supply will be hit very hard.”
What Mr Chowdry is looking for rather than the abruptly imposed blanket ban is a constructive solution which addresses the fruit fly issue but allows the export mango trade to continue. He cites the example of Indian mango imports to the US, where, in response to American concerns over the fruit fly issue, the mangoes have to be treated with irradiation. “We already take steps for other countries like America and Australia. You know how strict Australian food laws are. What we want are extra procedures to be put in place, so that they become a requirement.” Other countries require vapour heat treatment of Indian mangoes before allowing them to be imported. The timing of the ban, with India’s politicians and civil servants caught up in the throes of a general election, is particularly unfortunate. Without the political will to work out a practical settlement, the ban looks likely to have serious economic consequences for businesses in both India and the UK. “This ban is going to ruin a lot of people,” says Mr Chowdry simply.
In response to the ban, Fruity Fresh have launched a petition to the British government to highlight the issue and its implications.


The South African High Commissioner to Uganda, Her Excellency Lulama Xingwana, recently addressed youth about the opportunities in agriculture during a one on one session organized by the MTN Youth Skilling Program under the theme: Business Relations for Sustainable Partnerships. Below are the excerpts.
Uganda is among the leading producers of coffee in the world, hence my surprise to discover that there is no Ugandan coffee in South Africa. I would like to believe that currently, coffee is Uganda’s best kept secret. I don’t know if you are able to sell or export it, but I think there is an opportunity for you to do more. For instance, we do not produce coffee in South Africa but we love drinking it. Therefore, there is a ripe market for coffee farmers in Uganda to take advantage of in South Africa. However, to do that, Ugandan coffee farmers must evolve beyond subsistence farming and into commercial agriculture with the ability to undertake agro-processing. Young famers must look at opportunities in agro-processing, which will help them grow their markets from local or regional to International. Selling fresh fruit and vegetables has its limitations, but selling processed fruits and vegetables is more profitable as fruit juice or tomato paste which lasts longer and can reach a bigger export market hence making your products more profitable through value addition.
I am cognizant of the challenges of limited capital that hinder farmers’ ability to scale their operations to large scale farms and the heavy capital requirement for agro-processing.
Start Small dream Big
However, it is important to remember that Rome was not built in a day. We all start small, but we must have the vision and ambition to start from small but to grow big and ultimately move to commercial agriculture and the export industry. This will greatly contribute to Uganda’s economy.
More importantly, the need to grow your business underpins the significance of building business relations for sustainable partnerships. I am aware that MTN is interested in supporting agriculture and especially agro-processing businesses. It is up to you therefore, to take up this opportunity as young farmers.
Business Relations for Sustainable Partnerships
Strong partnerships with banks, such as Stanbic, Absa and multinationals are important and can help grow your business. Donors can also assist in this regard. It is for those reasons that keeping good reports and audited financial statements is vital and will help you develop trust and confidence of your donors or partners (e.g Danida, Sida etc). Partnerships are not designed for companies only, you can also harness a relationship with individuals. The introduction of agreements such as the Africa Continental Free Trade Area has opened a 1.4 Billion market (i.e. the African population) for African Farmers. Currently, African countries predominantly export to Asia, Europe and other continents, yet trading between Africans is still at 15%. Intra-Africa trade is still very low, which presents an opportunity for harnessing sustainable partnerships among African farmers. It is up to our youth to seize this opportunity. I know that Ugandans love goats, nyama ye mbuzi. We too have lots of goats in South Africa, so Ugandans can buy goats from South Africa and we can buy your pineapples, pawpaws or coffee. This is how we can start these partnerships. Farmers in Uganda can partner with farmers in South Africa such that we import and export between our countries, thus increase Intra – Africa trade and grow the economies of our countries and the continent. Through these same partnerships, young Ugandan farmers can benchmark from South African farmers who are already working in agro-processing and have experience and equipment or machinery needed for such projects.
There is also a direct correlation between commercial agriculture and other sectors. Commercial agriculture can be the springboard for other sectors for example tourism and ICT to prosperity. Through agritourism, a concept defined as a tourism programme that covers agricultural and farming areas where tourists can see local products and often participate in farm activities, Uganda can increase the number of tourists visiting the country. A common phenomenon in South Africa, providing additional income to farmers and contributing to our economy, agritourism particularly in wine production has proved profitable to local farmers in the country and the tourism sector. In Cape Town, we have turned the grape and wine farms into great tourist destinations. People want to see where this bottle of wine from South Africa was produced. They go to Stellenbosch or Franchoek for wine tasting, they buy wine and stay there and experience lifestyle in the wine farms. Wine farms and wine tasting have contributed a great deal to tourism and to our economy. Why can’t we have coffee tasting and farm holidays in the coffee farms of Uganda? This way more people will buy and import Ugandan coffee. Therefore, I appeal to you my dear youth who have been trained in nourishing your entrepreneurial spirit to move from subsistence to commercial Agriculture.
Growth of the agriculture and tourism sectors can also directly spill into the ICT sector. There has been a proliferation of innovations in the technology space created with the aim of bridging gaps such as lack of market for agricultural produce and need for critical knowledge in agriculture. There are also vast opportunities for ICT in the tourism sector such as travel apps, links to accommodation in the country, marketing the agricultural farms and the local experience to the outside world.
It is even better now that the AU has adopted the Forth Industrial Revolution led by our President His Excellency, Cyril Ramaphosa. MTN and Multichoice are major players in this sector, and will support such projects. I also know that, as young people, you love this sector. I therefore appeal to all our youth to look into this area and develop projects that will empower young people and, create jobs in the country.


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Telephone Number: (800) 993-4367
Nutiva was founded in 1999 with a single purpose in mind—to revolutionize the way the world eats. Today, Nutiva nurtures vitality by conscious curating of the world’s finest plant-based organic foods. We contribute one percent of sales to projects supporting healthy communities and sustainable agriculture.
We nurture vitality by conscious curating of the world’s finest organic plant-food ingredients. Learn about our values for responsibly grown food.


Launch of Allotment Site Design Guide
Guidance on designing an allotment published
A guide, which will assist local authorities and gardening groups design and cultivate allotment sites, has been launched.
Planning Minister Derek Mackay officially unveiled the Allotment Site Design Guide at the Scottish Allotment and Garden Society’s (SAGS) annual conference today (June 15).
The guide, designed in partnership with SAGS, will allow local authorities and individuals to make the best possible use of the land they have available for allotments through good, practical use and design.
Funding for the guide was provided by the Central Scotland Green Network and Scottish Natural Heritage.
Speak ahead of the SAGS conference in Dunblane, Planning Minister Derek Mackay said:
“Allotments and community growing spaces are often at the very heart of our communities and we recognise the range of benefits that they can bring.
“Since the publication of our National Food and Drink Policy in 2009, we have made clear our commitment to supporting the increasing number of people who want to grow their own food.
“In April we launched a public consultation to shape the future of allotment legislation. This has now closed and plans to simplify and overhaul Scotland’s allotment rules are now being considered.
“By providing guidance on how to design allotment sites we can make it easier for both the public and landowners to develop and cultivate sites.
“I hope this guide, along with the growing body of advice we have helped produce, can assist with the creation of new sites.”
Keith Geddes, Chair of the Central Scotland Green Network Partnership Board, said:
“CSGN is committed to raising awareness of the range of health, economic and environmental benefits of community gardening.
“We are delighted to have been able to help fund the Allotment Design Guide which will provide a valuable insight and helpful information for groups looking to develop new allotment sites.”
A SAGS spokesperson said:
“This is the first comprehensive guide covering all aspects of allotment site design in Scotland.
“It is an empowering tool to avoid conflict about applications for new sites and help all interested parties reach an amicable solution.”


Grain spawn can consider as "the seed" for growing mushrooms. It is made by inoculating sterilized grains with mycelium from an agar dish or liquid culture. Grain spawn can add to the substrate to grow paddy straw mushroom or propagate more mushroom cultures. Before sterilizing to kill live microbes, the process begins by cleaning, soaking overnight, cooking, and drying grains. For family cultivation, one or two spawn jars are more than enough. When it comes to a large scale of cultivation, each grain master jar can multiply more than a hundred times. Moisture content plays a vital role in fast mycelium run and reducing contamination.
Different types of grain spawn
Wheat, rye, rice, popcorn, brown rice, and wild bird seed are grains commonly used for making grain spawn. However, home growers prefer wild bird seeds for growing mushrooms since WBS is cheap and popular. You can easily find it at local pet stores.
Cleaning and soaking the grain
Rinse the grains with water four times to remove dust and undesirables and make sure the water is clear. Then soak the grain for 12-24 hours to allow the grains to absorb the water. Water soaking also helps reduce contamination since bacteria pathogens likely germinate and are killed through sterilization.
Cooking the grain
Add 1 liter of clean water, one teaspoon of Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), one tablespoon of brown sugar or molasses to 1 kg of grain. Calcium carbonate helps bring grain PH level to 7-8, at which paddy straw mycelium loves to run.
Cooking the grain to help the water penetrate through the center of grain and materials getting softer to allow faster digestion by the mycelium. Depending on the type of grains, cooking time is different. Cooking also helps wet grain dry faster.
- Popcorn: cooking time is 15 minutes.
- WBS - wild bird seed: cooking time 5 minutes.
- Wheat grain: cooking time is 1 minute.
Drain and dry the grain
- Pour the hot grain into a colander and shake well. Then spread the grains out in a thin layer over a towel or fly screen to allow the water to evaporate for 1 or 2 hours. Proper moisture content is around 40%. Before packing the grain into culture jars, make sure the grain becomes damp but not dripping wet. Grab a handful of grains for a few seconds and release, and you do not feel your hand getting wet.
- Mix 1 tablespoon of gypsum to prevent the grains from sticking together and stabilize the PH level during mycelium running.
Pack, sterilize, and inoculate the culture.
- Your grains are now ready for packing around ¾ of a mason jar, leaving ¼ on the top of each jar.
- Drill or punch a ¼ inch hole on the lid and cover with microspore tape to allow gas exchange during spawn run.
- Cover the jar lid with a piece of aluminum foil to prevent the water from spilling into your jar during pressure cooking.
- Sterilize the grain jar at 15 psi for 90 minutes in the pressure cooker.
- Let it cool naturally in the pressure cooker for a couple of hours.
- Once the grain jar cooled down to 80-90 degrees Fahrenheit, your grains rea ready to inoculate culture, either from grain spawn or liquid culture.
- For paddy spawn inoculation, open the lid and drop one or two tablespoon of spawn into the grain jar. Then shake well.
- For liquid culture inoculation, inject a paddy culture syringe evenly around 2-5 cc into the wall of the grain jar via a 1/4 inch hole. Then replace the microspore tape with the new one or poly-fil.
- For fast jar colonization, maintain temperature around 86-90 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Paddy straw mycelium will colonize the whole jar around 1-2 weeks. If it is not ready to use, the paddy spawn can remain viable for 2-3 months when stored at 60-70 F.
Tips to reduce contamination
- High moisture content is prone to contamination, and low moisture leads to slow colonization. Thus proper water content plays a crucial role in success.
- Use aluminum foil to cover the jar lid to prevent moisture from escaping or entering the grain jar during sterilizing.
- Always inoculate the grain jar in a sterile environment like a flow hood or still air box.
- Clean hand and working table with isopropyl 70 alcohol antiseptic.


Transform your DEWALT Universal Attachment Capable Power Head from string trimmer or edger to cultivator for on-the-go versatility. Featuring 4 steel tines equipped with 8 blades, this effective tool turns over soil for a healthy garden bed. This cultivator can be adjusted to till up to 9 inches wide and up to 5 inches deep. As a part of the DEWALT Attachment-Capable System, this attachment allows users to convert the DCST972 60V MAX* Attachment Capable String Trimmer or DCED472 60V MAX* Attachment Capable Edger into other outdoor tools to help maximize productivity potential.
• HIGH VERSATILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY – Go from trimming to cultivating quickly with this powerful attachment
• PART OF THE DEWALT® UNIVERSAL ATTACHMENT-CAPABLE SYSTEM – Convert the DCST972 60V MAX* Attachment Capable String Trimmer or DCED472 60V MAX* Attachment Capable Edger into other outdoor tools to help maximize productivity potential
• EFFICIENT TILLING – Work quickly and efficiently with 8 blades on 4 steel tines
• ADJUSTABLE PERFORMANCE – Help optimize soil health with a tilling width up to 9 in. and up to 5 in. deep
• INTEGRATED GUARD – Helps keep dirt, dust, and debris away from the operator during use
(1) Cultivator Attachment


Lawn Care Solution: Tips for an Attractive Backyard
Having a well-maintained yard not just improves the elegance of your residential property yet likewise adds to a healthy environment. Nonetheless, achieving a rich green lawn calls for proper treatment and normal upkeep. That’s where expert grass care services been available in. In this article, we will certainly discuss the advantages of employing a yard treatment solution as well as share some ideas for preserving a gorgeous yard.
Benefits of Hiring a Lawn Care Solution
1. Know-how as well as Experience: Professional lawn care solutions have a group of trained experts that recognize the distinct requirements of different types of turf and also plants. They have comprehensive expertise of dirt problems, plant foods, weed control, and bug administration. By employing them, you can tap into their knowledge as well as experience to transform your grass right into a sensational landscape.
2. Effort And Time Conserving: Lawn care is a lengthy job that needs routine mowing, watering, weeding, and trimming. Working with a specialist service will certainly maximize your time and allow you to focus on various other vital tasks. They have the equipment as well as workforce to efficiently maintain your lawn as well as maintain it in leading form throughout the year.
3. Constant Treatment and also Maintenance: A grass care service will provide constant care and also maintenance, guaranteeing that your backyard looks great all year round. They will certainly establish a personalized schedule and adhere to best methods to nourish your yard, control weeds, manage insects, and address any kind of concerns immediately.
Tips for Preserving a Gorgeous Lawn
1. Routine Mowing: Appropriate mowing is vital for a healthy and balanced yard. Set your mower blades to the advised height for the details sort of turf you have. Avoid cutting grass as well short as it compromises the origins and also makes it at risk to conditions and dry spell. Regular mowing likewise protects against weeds from taking control of your lawn.
2. Ample Watering: Watering your yard deeply and rarely is essential to encourage deep root growth. Water your grass in the early morning to reduce dissipation and fungal illness. Stay clear of overwatering, as it can result in superficial origins and raise the threat of weeds and illness.
3. Fertilizing as well as Weed Control: Correct fertilization is required to supply crucial nutrients to your lawn. Consider a dirt examination to determine the details nutrient needs and also choose a plant food appropriately. Additionally, weed control is crucial to avoid weeds from taking on your lawn for nutrients as well as sunlight. A lawn care service can advise the appropriate plant foods as well as apply reliable weed control methods.
4. Oygenation and also Overseeding: Freshening your grass assists boost soil drainage and also enables much better infiltration of water, air, and nutrients to the origins. Overseeding in the loss aids fill in bare patches as well as thicken the grass. These practices promote a much healthier and also greener lawn.
Preserving an attractive backyard needs constant treatment and interest to detail. While you can absolutely handle some standard grass treatment tasks by yourself, employing an expert lawn care service can make a substantial distinction in the total wellness as well as appearance of your yard. Benefit from their experience and conserve time, while taking pleasure in a lavish, eco-friendly backyard that adds worth to your residential or commercial property.


Oh, how lucky we are to live in a world where the role of Kava in sustainable agriculture in Australia is a topic of great importance and intrigue.
As we embark on this discussion, we find ourselves captivated by the potential of Kava to revolutionize the agricultural landscape in our country. But what exactly is it about this ancient plant that has caught the attention of farmers and enthusiasts alike?
Well, my friends, let’s dive into the world of Kava and uncover the secrets it holds for a sustainable future in Australian agriculture.
- Kava has a long history and cultural significance in Australia, starting with its use by indigenous communities and continuing to be enjoyed by people from various cultural backgrounds.
- The cultivation of kava in Australia can contribute to the preservation of cultural traditions and strengthen cultural ties with Pacific Island nations.
- Kava farming practices in Australia prioritize sustainability, with a low environmental impact, biodiversity promotion, and the use of organic pest and disease control methods.
- The future of kava in Australian agriculture looks promising, with increasing demand domestically and internationally, presenting economic opportunities, and the potential for Australia to become a global leader in kava production.
History of Kava in Australia
The introduction of Kava to Australia has a rich and fascinating history that spans several decades. Kava’s presence in Australia can be traced back to its indigenous use by the Torres Strait Islanders and Aboriginal communities. Indigenous peoples have a long-standing tradition of using kava for ceremonial and medicinal purposes.
Kava’s introduction to Australia began with the arrival of Pacific Islander communities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These communities brought with them their cultural practices, including the cultivation and consumption of kava. Kava quickly became an important part of their social and cultural gatherings, maintaining a strong connection to their Pacific Islander heritage.
Over time, the popularity of kava expanded beyond these communities and reached a wider audience in Australia. Today, kava is enjoyed by people from various cultural backgrounds, who appreciate its calming and relaxing effects. It has become a popular alternative to alcohol in social settings, offering a non-alcoholic option for those who prefer a more mellow experience.
In recent years, there’s been a growing interest in cultivating kava locally in Australia. This has led to the establishment of kava farms, primarily in northern Australia where the climate and soil conditions are favorable for kava cultivation. These farms aim to provide a sustainable and ethically sourced kava supply, reducing the need for imports and supporting local economies.
The history of kava in Australia is a testament to its cultural significance and its ability to adapt and thrive in new environments. From its indigenous use to its integration into Australian society, kava continues to play an important role in the social fabric of the country.
Benefits of Kava for Sustainable Farming
Kava’s cultivation and utilization in sustainable farming practices offer numerous benefits to both the environment and local communities.
As a crop, kava has a low environmental impact due to its ability to grow in diverse climates and soil conditions without the need for synthetic fertilizers or pesticides. This makes it an ideal choice for sustainable farming practices, as it helps to preserve soil health and prevent water pollution.
One of the key benefits of kava for sustainable farming is its ability to improve soil quality. Kava plants have deep root systems that help to break up compacted soil and enhance its structure. This improves water infiltration and retention, reducing soil erosion and improving overall soil health. Additionally, kava plants have a high biomass production, which can be used as organic mulch or compost to further enrich the soil.
Another benefit of kava for sustainable farming is its ability to promote biodiversity. Kava plants provide a habitat for beneficial insects and pollinators, contributing to the overall ecological balance of the farm. By incorporating kava into crop rotations or intercropping systems, farmers can enhance biodiversity and reduce the risk of pest outbreaks.
In terms of community benefits, kava cultivation can provide economic opportunities for local farmers. The demand for kava is growing, both domestically and internationally, creating a market for sustainable kava products. This can help to support local economies and provide income diversification for farmers.
Kava Cultivation Practices in Australia
When it comes to kava cultivation practices in Australia, farmers prioritize sustainable methods to ensure the health of the crop and the environment. Here are some of the kava cultivation techniques and farming techniques that are commonly used:
Soil and Water Management:
Farmers in Australia employ various methods to maintain soil health and conserve water resources. These include regular soil testing to determine nutrient levels and pH balance, as well as the implementation of erosion control measures such as contour plowing and cover cropping.
Water management practices, such as drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting, are also utilized to minimize water usage and reduce environmental impact.
Organic Pest and Disease Control:
Australian kava farmers focus on using organic pest and disease control methods to minimize the use of synthetic chemicals. Beneficial insects, such as ladybugs and lacewings, are encouraged to control pests naturally. Additionally, crop rotation and companion planting techniques are employed to deter pests and promote plant health.
To ensure the sustainability of kava cultivation, farmers in Australia practice selective harvesting. This involves harvesting mature kava plants while leaving younger ones to continue growing. By only harvesting mature plants, farmers allow for the regeneration of the crop and maintain the overall health of the kava plantation.
Crop rotation is an essential technique employed by Australian kava farmers. By rotating kava with other crops, such as legumes or cover crops, farmers can break pest and disease cycles, improve soil fertility, and reduce the risk of soil erosion.
Environmental Impact of Kava Production
As kava production expands in Australia, it’s crucial to consider the environmental impact of this agricultural practice. Kava cultivation can have both positive and negative effects on biodiversity and soil erosion. Understanding these impacts is essential for sustainable kava production.
When it comes to biodiversity, kava cultivation can have both positive and negative effects. On the positive side, kava plants provide habitat and food sources for native insects and birds. This can enhance biodiversity in the surrounding areas. However, the introduction of kava plants into ecosystems can also have negative consequences. In some cases, kava cultivation has been associated with the displacement of native plant species, leading to a decrease in biodiversity. It’s important to carefully manage kava cultivation to minimize negative impacts on local ecosystems.
Soil erosion is another important consideration in kava production. The removal of vegetation for kava cultivation can increase the risk of soil erosion, especially in areas with sloping terrain. Soil erosion can lead to the loss of fertile topsoil, reducing soil productivity and increasing the risk of landslides. To mitigate soil erosion, farmers can implement conservation practices such as contour plowing, terracing, and planting cover crops. These practices help to retain soil moisture, prevent runoff, and reduce erosion.
Future of Kava in Australian Agriculture
With a growing awareness of the environmental impact of kava production in Australia, it’s imperative to explore the future of kava in Australian agriculture. As we consider the path ahead, there are several key factors that point towards a promising future for kava in Australia:
Kava’s economic impact:
The demand for kava products has been steadily increasing both domestically and internationally. This presents a significant economic opportunity for Australian farmers and the agricultural industry as a whole.
By cultivating kava, farmers can diversify their income streams and potentially increase their profitability. This can help to strengthen the resilience of the agricultural sector and contribute to the overall economic growth of Australia.
Kava’s potential in international markets:
Australia has the potential to become a global leader in kava production. With its favorable climate and fertile soil, it can produce high-quality kava that meets the international standards and demands.
As the awareness and appreciation of kava continue to grow worldwide, Australian farmers can tap into the expanding international market. This presents an opportunity to not only export kava products but also to promote Australian-grown kava as a premium brand.
As we conclude our exploration of Kava’s role in sustainable agriculture in Australia, we’re reminded of the power of ancient traditions and their ability to shape a more sustainable future.
Just as Kava has thrived in Australia, so too can our commitment to ethical practices and supporting local farmers flourish. By embracing the transformative potential of Kava, we can cultivate a future that isn’t only environmentally conscious but also preserves cultural heritage for generations to come.
Together, let’s raise a cup of Kava to sustainable agriculture in Australia.


Genetically Modified Organisms
Walking down the aisles in any given grocery store is difficult enough with ordinary considerations in mind. Meat and candy, fresh veggies and processed packaging are everywhere you look.
Shiny labels adorn everything, lit by theater style lighting (and often highlighted by theater quality lighting effects). Assaulted on every side by this visual cacophony, it can be incredibly difficult to make an intelligent choice. Heaven help you if you try to do this on an empty stomach!
In the middle of all the confusion, one pronouncement pops up again and again. ‘Made with non-GMO ingredients’. But what on earth does that mean? Why are people so frightened of these foods, when there are so many other concerns out there like refined sugar, pesticide usage, and finding the right fats for a healthy diet?
It turns out that this situation is one where a little bit of knowledge turns into a whole lot of trouble, and context makes a world of difference in the perception of what is safe and healthy to eat and what should be avoided.
GMOs and the Modern Witch Hunt
A Genetically Modified Organism, according to the World Health Organization, is a plant or animal whose ‘…DNA has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating or natural recombination.’
Creating these organisms falls under the disciplines of ‘modern biotechnology’ or ‘genetic engineering’. Through this exacting science, selected genes are transferred from one organism to another, sometimes between totally unrelated species.
Before you get images of the Whomping Willow from Harry Potter, or Blinky the Three Eyed Fish from The Simpsons, step back and look at the bigger picture and what exactly is at stake when genetic modifications are used.
Firstly, humans have been practicing forms of genetic modification practically since the beginning of cultivation and the domestication of animals. Modern corn or wheat have next to no visibly common traits with their ancestral breeds- they have been selected and grown through centuries to produce higher yields, withstand harsh environments, or deter destructive pests.
In a similar fashion, one glance at a Chihuahua tells you that it has next to nothing in common with a Saint Bernard; yet both are scientifically considered to be viable forms of Canis domesticus, and equally descended from Canis lupus, the wolf.
For thousands of years, humans have directly manipulated the outcome of innumerable generations of plants and animals- with absolutely no official scientific monitoring for quality or safety in the outcome.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) have been on the market since the mid- 1990s, starting first with a variety of herbicide- resistant soybeans. This particular crop allowed farmers to utilize a significantly smaller amount of chemical weed killer.
This resulted in less chemical pollution in the watershed, and less collateral damage in beneficial organisms like earthworms and honeybees. In another case, corn enhanced with a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) developed innate resistance to two destructive pests: the corn borer and the corn earworm.
Bt corn kills 100% of the borers and ear worms that chew on it, and yet does not affect plants or soil quality in its vicinity. In this way, GM plants can be seen as the parallel to vaccinated people– much less likely to contract disease, and much less likely to need expensive secondary treatment (antibiotics for people, or pesticides for plants).
Again, by destroying all of the target insects that munch on it, Bt corn doesn’t allow for a few resistant insects to survive and breed- no pest super-bugs here.
Hey, Random Internet Voice, Who Really Monitors This Stuff?
Given the potential for disaster whenever nature is messed with, GMOs are strictly monitored, tested, and controlled by the World Health Organization under their Department of Food Safety and Zoonoses. In a stringent series of guidelines known as the Codex Alimentarius, GMO foods are assessed in the following qualitative traits:
-direct health effects (toxicity)
-specific nutritional composition vs toxic properties
-stability of inserted gene
-nutritional effects of modification
-any unintended effects.
Any GMO is also assessed with a specific eye to the problems of allergenicity, gene transfer, and outcrossing. This translates to assessment as to whether the new organism will cause greater or lesser allergic reactions, whether the new gene can be transferred to the consumer, and if the new gene will hybridize undesirably with native populations.
It is taken into account that different GMOs have genes inserted in different ways; all foods are assessed on a case by case basis. With this excruciating adherence to detail, no generic statements are possible- only specific and accurate ones.
Only those organisms with the lowest, most negligible effects on both consumers and the environment make the grade. While not being internationally binding, countries are strongly encouraged to adhere to the best practices suggested.
Working hand in hand with the WHO are the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). Holding to similarly high standards of laboratory assessment and field testing, both organizations have a vested stake in the ultimate outcome of the healthiest, most nutritionally sound, and safest food products available.
Given the scrutiny from these three respected organizations, it has been shown that there is no more danger from GMOs than from those food sources developed by traditional methods over thousands of years.
Why Are We Doing This?
All genetically modified foods are done so for three reasons: Resistance to insect damage, resistance to viral infection, and herbicide tolerance. Recently, a new focus has emerged to increase the nutritional value of selected crops, though that discipline is still in its infancy.
Combine this with wise crop rotation and land usage, and the overall environmental impact of farming drops precipitously. Even more astonishing, the usage of GMO crops allows for no-till farming, which prevents soil erosion and protects earthworm populations.
Why We Are Afraid
It’s easy to fear what we do not know, it is simply human. However, curiosity is an equally human trait, and one that often makes up for the flaws of unsubstantiated fear. In this case, GMOs get a bad reputation through international news and bad timing.
The mid- 1990s were a terrifying time for UK beef farmers in the form of bovine spongiform encephalopathy: Mad Cow Disease. This was not the result of deliberate cross breeding or insertion of genes, rather it was the ugly fallout of a livestock feeding program.
Scrapie is a degenerative neurological disease that affects sheep and goats. It causes collapse of the legs among other symptoms and is ultimately fatal. When bone meal from scrapie-affected sheep was added to enrich the protein content of fodder for beef cattle, the prion (virus fragment) that causes scrapie was accidentally included.
Almost half a million infected cattle had entered the human food chain before the system was shut down, killing over 200 people. The incredible terror that was the fallout of this scandal lead to the increased interest in where our food comes from, and what is done to it before it reaches our tables.
The introduction of genetically modified soybeans and corn at the same time only lent fuel to the fire of suspicion.
Labeling, Distrust, and the Economy
Due to public outcry, all genetically modified foods in the United States are labeled as such. This is despite rigorous testing that conventional foods do not have to undergo.
With a history of distrust and a sort-of-related situation, people now more than ever want to know what goes into their food, and want to be assured of its safety. Labeling has helped with the public outcry, but is potentially damaging to those who can least afford it.
Farmers who thought to make an educated decision about environmental welfare are being punished by the perception of their sturdier, though modified crops. Despite the careful discipline used to grow them and the methods of crop rotation and environmental protection involved, people are still mistrustful.
Given the fact that the world’s population is slated to hit 9 billion people by mid-century, an attitude change is in order. Careful management of all our land and its assets is needed here in order to feed all those people- and right now, GMOs are the best looking option.


Rufus B. Hatch Memorial Grassland
This parcel of land has never been plowed. It lies in the rich agricultural area of northeast Plymouth County, and only through the diligence of the Merle Treinen family and their ancestors has this area been kept from being plowed. While the above ground plants have changed due to it's grazing history, the soils profile of this 12 acre parcel has not been disturbed.
The Merle Treinen family donated this grassland to Plymouth County in 2005 to protect it for future generations.
Located at the intersection of L22 and 140th Street.
Public hunting, following DNR guidelines, is allowed.


Things at FORRU have really been looking up. At the beginning of my internship, I was worried that we didn’t really have our place on the team. Everyone else had their projects, but my fellow American interns and I were mostly doing data entry. After bringing up my concerns, though, we were able to meet with the founder of FORRU, and as I suspected, there was a lot of work to be done! One of my fellow interns, Anna, is now taking on a project with a professor at CMU, Dakota and I are now working on a seed germination experiment, and all three of us will now be working to update FORRU’s website.
The past week has had a lot of late nights working on getting our seed germination project started. We only have two and a half weeks left, so we need to work fast. It’s been pretty difficult due to the language barrier and lack of materials. FORRU doesn’t have a dedicated lab, so we had to get creative and turned the office kitchen into our own makeshift seed lab. We had to purchase our own tables, venture out to a flower market and use what little Thai we know to buy seeds, go back and forth to too many 7/11s to get miscellaneous supplies, get interdepartmental lab supply loans, and, in a desperate hour, wander into a random lab on campus to borrow a graduated cylinder. This past Monday night we were in our lab until 11pm…blending leaves. It was actually pretty fun, and I’m so glad that we have this opportunity to experiment with FORRU (and hopefully manage to make a scientific breakthrough in three weeks).


February Meeting Guide: Launching I am Global Hunger
[Note: As a new effort to support CRS Student Ambassadors, each month we will release a guide for your on-campus meetings. This will serve to provide relevant updates as well as an opportunity for ongoing education and reflection on the mission of CRS. You can find other months' Meeting Guides here, which can be used flexibly and adapted as needed.]
Key Theme: Launching I am Global Hunger
God of sun and god of rain,
In you, there is no dryness.
In you, no weed chokes the root.
No blight withers the leaf.
No frost bites at the blossom.
And so we pray for farmers and their harvests everywhere.
In you, seeds of tears yield a bountiful harvest of joy.
May the rice farmer in Madagascar know such bounty.
In you, seeds of truth and courage yield a bountiful harvest of justice.
May the coffee farmer in Honduras know such bounty.
In you, seeds of compassion yield a bountiful harvest of wisdom.
May the cacao farmer in the Philippines know such bounty.
In you, seeds of hope yield a bountiful harvest of fulfillment.
May the vegetable farmer in Haiti know such bounty.
In you, seeds of love yield a bountiful harvest of forgiveness and reconciliation.
May the cassava farmer in Zambia know such bounty.
In you, seeds of the Gospel yield the glorious harvest that is our salvation.
God of all harvests, bless all planters everywhere: All who sow and all who gather, All who nourish and all who weed, All who thresh and bundle and bring to market. And bless all harvests.
Sprinkle your living water on our fields, on our relationships, on our communities, on our hearts.
And kiss us with the light and warmth of your undying sun.
May all our harvests reflect the Harvest that is yet to come.
- Welcome any new ambassadors & do introductions
- Suggested Icebreaker Question of the Month: Share the story of your name.
Catholic Social Teaching: Option for the Poor and Vulnerable
- Watch: CST 101 Video: Option for the Poor and Vulnerable
- How does Jesus’ own poverty, and the witness of his encounter with the “other,” challenge you?
- When have you felt inspired by the work of people living in poverty to transform the causes of injustice? How can you join or support their efforts?
CRS on the Ground: Global Hunger
- Watch: The Pathway to Prosperity
- Watch: South Sudan Hunger Emergency Video
- Review: South Sudan Hunger Emergency Factsheet
- Review: I am Global Hunger one-pager
- What about these stories/videos caught your attention?
- How has learning about the Pathway to Prosperity and current hunger emergencies deepened your understanding of the root causes of global hunger?
Act Now: Advocate to Congress to Fight Hunger
- Review highlights and challenges from any recent events or activities. Are there any changes you would make for the future? Do you have any examples of success that you could share with CRS or other campuses?
- What events/programs are upcoming? Do you have the resources you need?
- Do you want to incorporate what you have learned about I am Global Hunger into any programming, advocacy, or fundraising this year?
You may want to consider hosting a "Simple Supper for Global Hunger" this Lent or spring semester. This how-to guide integrates I am Global Hunger resources with CRS Rice Bowl to offer a meaningful awareness event culminating in advocacy.
Review the I am Global Hunger resources, action opportunities, stories, videos, and other materials here to determine what might be most useful.
Closing & Next Steps
- What are the action items that need to be completed before your next event or meeting? Have they been clearly identified and assigned?
- Reminder: CRS CRS SALT Summit Application Priority Deadline is February 28


Expert advice and practices will help you unlock the mysteries of successful hosta growth. With these fundamental tips, you can create a stunning hosta garden.
Look through a wide variety of hosta species to choose the best plants for your garden's size, color scheme, and lighting circumstances.
Learn how to plant hostas correctly, including optimum spacing, depth, and watering. Mulching and weed control are essential for good growth.
Watering and Fertilization
Discover the proper watering schedule and ways for keeping hostas hydrated while avoiding waterlogging. Learn about the best fertilizers for lush foliage
Pest and Disease Management
Identify common pests such as slugs and snails and put efficient control methods in place. Learn how to identify and prevent hosta foliar diseases.
Division and Propagation
Learn how and when to divide mature plants to increase the size of your hosta collection. Investigate effective propagation methods for increasing your garden.


So get sprouting!
Sprouting seeds, pulses, beans & grains is an easy & economical way of growing your own fresh food all year round.
At this time of year, in the ‘hungry gap’, when local seasonal vegetables are scarce & the choice is limited, sprouting at home is a good alternative to relying on imported fresh produce.
Sprouted seeds, pulses, beans & grains are very nutritious. You also get a tasty crop very quickly… depending on what you are growing, your sprouts will be ready in 3-8 days.
At Coachwerks Wholefoods we stock a wide range of organic seeds, pulses, beans & grains that you can sprout at home… Chickpeas, lentils, mung & aduki beans & buckwheat groats & so on. These will all produce different kinds of sprout, with different tastes & textures. For example, mung beans produce a sprout that’s great in stir fries.
We also stock a great Sprouter, that will make your adventures in sprouting even easier.
This Sprouter only costs £7.46, it’s sturdy & will last you a really long time… I’ve had mine for years!
It’s got 3 sprouting trays (so you can grow 3 different things at once if you want). These are are slated, so the water can run through & there’s a green drip tray, to catch any overflow. It comes with full instructions, alfalfa seeds to start you off & there’s a nutritional chart on the box.


Welcome to the Metropolitan Columbus Daylily Society!
MCDS is one of the largest daylily clubs in the United States with about 120 members from all over the State of Ohio. Our club represents everyone from backyard gardeners with just a few plants to commercial growers with thousands
of plants. JOIN TODAY
Our club is a great place to learn about daylilies and gardening. We have regular meetings with speakers, plant auctions, plant sales, bus trips, parties and other events. We meet at the Franklin Park Conservatory and have our own daylily gardens on the property.
We are affiliated with the American Daylily Society (ADS) and ADS Region 2. Check out these links to learn about the National ADS and Region 2 ADS Activities.
The ADS has a membership portal. This portal allows you to create your own profile, connect with ADS members around the world, participate in forums and blogs or explore photo albums and Regional and other group areas. Visit the ADS Membership Portal
Last Updated 01 04 24
Benefits of MCDS
- Connect with others who share your enthusiasm for gardening and daylilies.
- Meet commercial growers, hybridizers, guest speakers and other gardening experts at MCDS meetings, special events, and activities.
- Go on member bus trips to visit gardens in the State of Ohio.
- Participate in member plant auctions and guest plant drawings. Receive at least two daylilies a year in guest plant drawings after you have been a member for a year.
- Attend workshops and training clinics. Receive training to become a garden judge and exhibition judge.
- Learn to enter some of your own flowers in the annual daylily show at Franklin Park Conservatory.


Friends and colleagues who inspire us on a daily basis
Mark is the founder of Taylor Maid Farms, an independent roaster of specialty organic coffee, and is a leading voice within the coffee world. For over 20 years, Mark has not only been in pursuit of the best coffee beans he can roast, but has also worked endlessly towards improving the environmental and social conditions in the coffee industry. He travels the world dealing directly with coffee growers and is a strong voice for issues concerning sustainable agriculture, environmental stewardship, green entrepreneurship and social justice.
In addition, he is great fun to share rum with (especially the good stuff he brings back from his many travels), grows a mean fava bean, is a great father and has brought the hand-crank coffee grinder back into fashion.
Mark is our coffee expert.


Why is PDT low on eggs?
As fall sets in for the season, hens start to prepare their bodies for the winter. Much of their energy starts to be used for the production of stronger feathers to keep them warm. Another reason for the slow down in a hens egg production is a reduction in the amount of daylight hours. Hens need at least 12-14 hours of daylight to lay at their full potential.
Our great egg producers are keeping us as stocked as they can!


I previously posted this on my old blog. I decided it would be good to re-post it, as this is the time of year to save your bean seeds. I include some updated notes which are in italics.
Saving seeds is a great way to be even more economical in your garden. Every time you are able to provide something for yourself and therefore not purchase a product, you are closer to closer to self-sufficiency. It’s better for the planet, and it is just neat to watch the way the natural world works. Also, the process of selecting the beans that work best in your garden and your climate
Today, I’m going to talk about saving some seeds from Dragon Tongue Beans. They were fairly tasty, and looked rather awesome when they were growing. They were purple speckled (and had beautiful flowers.)
At the end of the bean season, I left a few beans on the vine to dry out naturally. The area isn’t the prettiest, but to me it looks like more nourishment for next year.
The unpretty patch of beans:
I pick the pods from the patch:
This is an individual pod, so you can see what it looks like all dried out:
Now, I simply split the pod open. Please excuse the dirt under my nails as I was out in the garden playing):
These were the fruits (perhaps beans?) of that single pod of labor:
Here were the beans from the rest of my labor (I love the pretty color purple!):
There were some brown beans in the pods. I removed those, as I thought they didn’t look very fertile. But what do I know. I may be wrong on this one. I may also be right. I have no brown beans. I didn’t notice whether these germinated or not, I did plant it, though. Experiment and see what works:
I stored the dried beans in an old glass baby food container and will plant them next year. This task was easy, and relatively quick and really fun. I will continue to save seeds as the sense of personal satisfaction is HUGE. I had a great harvest of beans this year. So many we couldn’t eat them all. The entire process of saving the seeds, planting the seeds that I saved, and then cooking up the beans from those plant was incredibly cool. Give it a try this year, or plan to do it next year. I think you will really enjoy the process.


BASIS Advanced Module - Advanced Potatoes
This course, leading to the Advanced BASIS Award, examines the agronomy of potato crop production. It is suitable for BASIS qualified advisers, farmers and farm managers, looking to extend their understanding of potato agronomy.
The course is delivered over five days, arranged in two blocks plus one online day for practise vivas. Delivery is through participatory lectures, exercises and case studies.
The University of Lincoln, Riseholme Campus, Riseholme, Lincoln, LN2 2BJ
The course is assessed by means of a short answer written paper, plus an oral exam