What is an agricultural classification?
In accordance with Florida Statute 193.461, the Property Appraiser classifies land within the county as either agricultural or non-agricultural. Lands which are classified as agricultural are assessed based on their agricultural value.
What lands qualify?
No lands shall qualify for an agricultural classification unless an application is filed between January 1 and March 1 of the tax year.
Only lands, which are used primarily for bona fide agricultural purposes, shall be classified as agricultural. "Bona fide agricultural purposes" means good faith commercial agricultural use of the land. The commercial agricultural use must be initiated prior to January 1 of the tax year in which application is made.
Should timely application not be made, what is my recourse?
An applicant who is qualified to receive an agricultural classification may file a petition with the Value Adjustment Board requesting the classification be granted. Upon reviewing the petition, if the person is qualified to receive the classification and demonstrates particular extenuating circumstances to warrant the granting of the classification, the Property Appraiser or Value Adjustment Board may grant the classification.
Are there zoning restrictions for an agricultural classification?
Zoning is a factor to be taken into consideration when determining whether the use of the land for agricultural purposes is bona fide. Pasco County zoning regulations allow commercial agricultural activity on AR, AC or I-2 zoned property. Parcels zoned AR must have a minimum of five acres.
What information is necessary to complete an agricultural application?
• Property identification number.
• Legal description.
• Identification of use and length of time so utilized.
• Agricultural income and expense for the property.
• If leased, a copy of the lease.
• Zoning of the property.
What are some of the factors considered in determining commercial agricultural use?
• The length of time the land has been so utilized.
• Whether the use has been continuous.
• Size, as it relates to a specific agricultural use.
• The purchase price.
• Whether an effort has been made to care for the land in accordance with commercial agricultural practices.
• The condition of the property.
• The present market value of the property as agricultural land.
• The income produced by the property.
• The productivity of the land in its present use.
• The economic merchantability of the agricultural product.
Will there be an inspection of the property?
Yes, property owners making an original application can expect a field inspection before their application is processed. Lands receiving an agricultural classification are re-inspected annually.
If my application is approved, must I reapply each year?
The owner of land that was classified as agricultural in the previous year will receive by February 1 of each year a notice from the Property Appraiser. These property owners need not reapply. If, however, there has been any change in ownership or agricultural use, a new application must be filed.
How will I be notified and what recourse do I have should my agricultural application be denied?
The Property Appraiser's office will notify the landowner in writing, on or before July 1 should the agricultural classification be denied. The notification will advise the landowner of their right to appeal and of the filing deadline for such appeal.


A Word about Weed …
There is no physical way to overdose on smoked or ingested cannabis, making it one of the safest, most non-toxic painkillers, sleeping aids, and stress relievers on the planet. It’s also a Schedule One narcotic that the U.S. government says has no medical use and a high potential for abuse.
Blue Dream: safer than FDA-approved drugs, by a long-shot
Drugs that the U.S. government considers safer – like OxyContin, Vicodin and Valium – caused about 60 percent of the 38,329 drug overdose deaths nationwide in 2010, the CDC reports. “Anti-anxiety drugs including Valium were among common causes of medication-related deaths, involved in almost 30 percent of them. Among the medication-related deaths, 17 percent were suicides.”
Legal drugs deemed safe by the FDA killed more people than illegal heroin and cocaine overdoses combined, reports state. Those numbers promise to increase when statistics for 2011 and 2012 come out.
Law Enforcement Against Prohibition speaker Nate Bradley – an ex-cop from Sacramento, CA. – says the figures add up.
“I saw so many people die from pills,” he said. “My first autopsy was a Vicodin overdose – the accidental Vicodin overdose of a 38 year-old woman. And I sat there and watched them take apart her body, because she accidentally had too much.”
Some of the little-known benefits of cannabis:
Hemp oil (not to be confused with hemp seed oil) has been shown to actually cure cancer. All forms. All stages.
Hemp seeds are considered one of nature’s most perfect “superfoods”. They provide a “perfect” protein, packed with both Omega 3 and Omega 6 oils. Just three tablespoons a day can provide a full day’s protein needs for the average adult. And they can be grown in any climate, in any soil (there’s a reason it’s called “weed”!!!).
On an annual basis, 1 acre of hemp will produce as much fiber as 2 to 3 acres of cotton. Hemp fiber is stronger and softer than cotton, lasts twice as long as cotton, and will not mildew.
Cotton grows only in moderate climates and requires more water than hemp; but hemp is frost tolerant, requires only moderate amounts of water, and grows in all 50 states. Cotton requires large quantities of pesticides and herbicides–50% of the world’s pesticides/herbicides are used in the production of cotton. Hemp requires no pesticides, no herbicides, and only moderate amounts of fertilizer.
On an annual basis, 1 acre of hemp will produce as much paper as 2 to 4 acres of trees. From tissue paper to cardboard, all types of paper products can be produced from hemp.
The quality of hemp paper is superior to tree-based paper. Hemp paper will last hundreds of years without degrading, can be recycled many more times than tree-based paper, and requires less toxic chemicals in the manufacturing process than does paper made from trees.
Hemp can be used to produce fiberboard that is stronger and lighter than wood. Substituting hemp fiberboard for timber would further reduce the need to cut down our forests.
Hemp can be used to produce strong, durable and environmentally-friendly plastic substitutes. Thousands of products made from petroleum-based plastics can be produced from hemp-based composites.
It takes years for trees to grow until they can be harvested for paper or wood, but hemp is ready for harvesting only 120 days after it is planted. Hemp can grow on most land suitable for farming, while forests and tree farms require large tracts of land available in few locations. Harvesting hemp rather than trees would also eliminate erosion due to logging, thereby reducing topsoil loss and water pollution caused by soil runoff.
Hemp seeds contain a protein that is more nutritious and more economical to produce than soybean protein. Hemp seeds are not intoxicating. Hemp seed protein can be used to produce virtually any product made from soybean: tofu, veggie burgers, butter, cheese, salad oils, ice cream, milk, etc. Hemp seed can also be ground into a nutritious flour that can be used to produce baked goods such as pasta, cookies, and breads.
Hemp seed oil can be used to produce non-toxic diesel fuel, paint, varnish, detergent, ink and lubricating oil. Because hemp seeds account for up to half the weight of a mature hemp plant, hemp seed is a viable source for these products.
Just as corn can be converted into clean-burning ethanol fuel, so can hemp. Because hemp produces more biomass than any plant species (including corn) that can be grown in a wide range of climates and locations, hemp has great potential to become a major source of ethanol fuel.
Literally millions of wild hemp plants currently grow throughout the U.S. Wild hemp, like hemp grown for industrial use, has no drug properties because of its low THC content. U.S. marijuana laws prevent farmers from growing the same hemp plant that proliferates in nature by the millions.
From 1776 to 1937, hemp was a major American crop and textiles made from hemp were common. Yet, The American Textile Museum, The Smithsonian Institute, and most American history books contain no mention of hemp. The government’s War on Drugs has created an atmosphere of self censorship where speaking of hemp in a positive manner is considered politically incorrect or taboo.
United States Presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson grew hemp, used products made from hemp, and praised the hemp plant in some of their writings.
No other natural resource offers the potential of hemp. Cannabis Hemp is capable of producing significant quantities of paper, textiles, building materials, food, medicine, paint, detergent, varnish, oil, ink, and fuel. Unlike other crops, hemp can grow in most climates and on most farmland throughout the world with moderate water and fertilizer requirements, no pesticides, and no herbicides. Cannabis Hemp (also known as Indian Hemp) has enormous potential to become a major natural resource that can benefit both the economy and the environment.


In this unique food and wine experience, you will taste some of the best food and wine that the Atherton Tablelands has to offer.
We will take you through a variety of contrasting landscapes from lush rainforest to stunning ochre savannah plains. The rich volcanic soil allows farmers to grow many and diverse crops from bananas, coffee, sugarcane, avocados, mangoes, macadamia nuts, citrus and more. You will learn about all of this as we taste our way around the regions known as the 'Food Bowl.' Sit back and relax, take in the beautiful views as we take you on a fascinating and tasty journey through another gem of Far North Queensland.
Complimentary pick up from your accommodation in Cairns


Insecticide Chlorpyrifos 500 G/L +Cypermethrin50g/L EC
|FOB Unit Price:||US $1 US $10|
|Purchase Qty. (liter)||FOB Unit Price|
|Transport Package:||as Client′s Request|
|Payment Terms:||L/C, T/T|
- Model NO.: Chlorpyrifos 500G/L +Cypermethrin50g/L EC
- Source: Organic Synthesis
- Mode: Contact Insecticide
- Trademark: Bosman
- Origin: China
- Appearance: Liquid
- Toxicity of High and Low: Low Toxicity of Reagents
- Formulation: Chlorpyrifos 500 G/L +Cypermethrin50g/L Ec
- Specification: FAO
Chlorpyrifos: Non-systemic with contact and stomach action. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor.
Cypermethrin: Non-systemic insecticide with contact and stomach action. Also exhibits anti-feeding action. Good residual activity on treated plants.
Chlorpyrifos: Control of Coleoptera, Diptera, Homoptera and Lepidoptera in soil or on foliage in over 100 crops, including pome fruit, stone fruit, citrus fruit, nut crops, strawberries, figs, bananas, vines, vegetables, potatoes, beet, tobacco, soya beans, sunflowers, sweet potatoes, peanuts, rice, cotton, alfalfa, cereals, maize, sorghum, asparagus, glasshouse and outdoor ornamentals, turf, and in forestry. Also used for control of household pests, mosquitoes and in animal houses.
Cypermethrin: Control of a wide range of insects, especially Lepidoptera, but also Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and other classes, in fruit (including citrus), vines, vegetables, potatoes, cucurbits,lettuce,capsicums,tomatoes, cereals, maize, soya beans, cotton, coffee, cocoa, rice, pecans, oilseed rape, beet, ornamentals, forestry, etc. Control of flies and other insects in animal houses; and mosquitoes, cockroaches, houseflies and other insect pests in public health.
Stable light yellow homogeneous liquid
Content of a.i.
Emulsion stability(0.5 % dilution)
No separation observed


We are very proud to produce award-winning wines, crafted from Estate and prized Sonoma fruit. Our Estate consists of 168 acres where we grow Sangiovese, Primitivo, Vernaccia and Pinot Grigio. In addition, we control the farming of five ranches where we grow the balance of the varietals that we use. These vineyards produce some of the best fruit in Sonoma County due to their soil quality and growing conditions. Some receive cool breezes and regular fog, while others are on hillsides and mountain tops with rocky soil conditions. Each varietal has its own growing needs and our wine-making and vineyard management teams meet those needs.
We have a 51,000 square feet, state-of-the-art production facility and we produce approximately 30,000 cases of wine each year. We use best-in-class stainless steel tanks in addition to French and American oak barrels. We spare no expense to produce high quality wine. Our wines are made to drink now but age well.
Viansa wines are exclusively available at our Sonoma Valley, California Tasting Room, over the phone at 1-800-995-4740, or in our online Marketplace.
Please review our Shipping Information section for important state regulations and policies regarding the shipping of alcohol.


Growing seeds experiment
Join my Seasons School Spring Workshop for a complete programme of spring learning: all organised for you, guided by me, for hands-on, real-world experiences – the best way to learn!
Another idea for extending gardening with children today, with a ‘growing seeds experiment’. The children have planted lots of seeds in our garden and seen plants growing, but so much of the action takes place beneath the soil that we decided we’d take a closer look at germination and see what seeds really look like when they start to grow. Here’s how we conducted our garden investigation.
1. We used bean and pea seeds for our experiment. They’re big sized seeds which makes them easy to handle, and the different shapes make them an interesting contrast. They germinate quickly too, giving the children something interesting to see without having to wait too long.
2. We filled a glass with cotton wool to act as our ‘soil’ and dampened the cotton wool with water. Then we popped our seeds inside, placing them at the edge of the glass so we could get a good view of them as they began to grow.
3. The children decided what they would like to measure and came up with three things: how long it would take some something to start growing, how long before there was a leaf and how long before there was a flower. You can ask the children to guess the answers to each question. This also gives the opportunity to add in some maths to your seed growing experiment, with younger children able to count along a number line to record each day, and older ones recording the results in different styles of tables and graphs. Having two different types of seeds in the experiment lets you compare results.
4. When the seeds begin to grow you can take photos and draw pictures of what you see and there’s lots of opportunity for discussion too. Do the children know the names for the different parts of the plant? Why does the seed need roots and leaves? How does it know to put the root at the bottom and the leaf at the top? What happens if you turn a seed upside down when the root has just begun to grow?
5. We’re recording all our observations in our garden journal, and once the first leaves have appeared we’ll be planting the seeds in some soil so they can get the nutrients they need to grow into health plants.


Naam van de wijn: Matetic-Syrah
Producent: Matetic Vineyards, Chili
Herkomtbenaming: D.O. San Antonio Valley, Chili
The 2015 harvest had very stable temperatures, with a steady summer of cool mornings and arm afternoons. The fruit was in very good condition, and harvest began during the second week of April and lasted through the beginning of May.
The grapes for Matetic Syrah come from sectors with unique characteristics within the Rosario Valley, selected for their enormous potential of quality and consistency for the production of this variety. One of the blocks that produces the grapes for Matetic Syrah is characterized by soils that are almost flat, with a very deep, loamy granitic texture. The other block is 100% granite soil in a state of decomposition, with some quartzite rocks and volcanic silt. Only Biodynamic techniques are used in the handling of the soil fertility, through natural methods such as the use of specific plants cultivated between the rows of grapevines, bolstered by compost and work in the soil. This allows us to achieve very good, deep root development with natural irrigation, or dry-farming, during a large part of the season. This wine is 100% Syrah, and a blend of the 174 and 470 clones, with the first lending unequalled aromatic complexity with spiced notes, and the second lending volume and texture on the palate.
The grapes were harvested by hand into 10 kg-containers according to the Biodynamic calendar, and arrived at the cellar, where they were cooled while undergoing a strict selection of bunches and grapes. The grapes then underwent a cold maceration for 10 days, then fermented with natural yeasts. Just 50% of the grapes are destemmed, while the other half remained in whole clusters, adding additional texture and complexity. Various techniques of punchdowns and pumpovers of the cap were used for a very elegant extraction of color, aromas, and flavors. The wine remained in French oak barrels for 22 months, before being racked and bottled, unfiltered. The bottled wine then aged in our cellar for 3 years, waiting for its optimal point to be tasted.
Dark violet in color, and deep. On the nose, it’s a Syrah with great varietal typicity, showing its coastal origin with lots of complexity: elegant notes of pepper, wet earth, meat, spices, and chocolate, with subtle violet notes. On the palate, it’s characterized by its precision and elegance, with smooth tannins and great depth with flavors that are reminiscent of black fruit with iodized notes. An intense, elegant finish.
We recommend pairing the wine with all types of red meat, including those with strong flavors such as lamb, grilled meats in general, as well as aged cheeses with intense flavors and textures.
Serve at 18°C. We recommend decanting the wine before service.


From our experience tobacco transplants grown using the float system take off and grow better and faster than by using bare root plants, which was the traditional method in the past. (Please check the boxes below that apply to you - be honest), High cost of “off-the-shelf” tobacco products Nightly changes in humidity help the leaves dry slowly. This plant has multiple disease resistance. Connecticut Broadleaf has very large leaves making for good cigar binders, wrappers and filler. Tobacco leaves are picked at maturity, whole, and hung in a shady barn for a month or two to air cure. Pipe A multipurpose, "Burley-type" that was historically used for plug tobacco, cigarette and pipe blending, as well as for blending material for cigar filler. Indian Tobacco Plants Nicotiana rustica Also known as 'Indian Tobacco', Wild Tobacco or Aztec Tobacco, in small doses this medicinal herb acts as a stimulant, especially on the respiratory system. Cigarettes The plants reach about three feet in height, are vigorous and fairly hardy. allow 2 weeks for your refund check to arrive or your credit card to be credited. The New Hope Seed Company shall not be responsible for loss or damage caused by delays in delivery from strikes, acts of war, fire, casualty, inability to obtain materials or other causes beyond our control. to a fast start. saving bundles, having fun and going organic. We will notify you by email the day your plants are shipped so please make sure the email address Large Plants Premium Bedding Plants Mega Plants; Size Illustration: Size from the base of the plant to the top of the stem: 4-8cm: 6-10cm: 8-14cm: 8-14cm: 11-16cm: Width: 1.3cm: 2cm: 4.2cm: 3.5cm - 4.2cm: 5.6cm: Quantity: Trays of 170: Trays of 70: Trays of 24 Plants: Trays of 6, 12 or 24: Trays of 12 Plants eliminated for you TODAY... Tobacco is a very easy plant to grow and requires only 2-3 months to mature. GUIDE INCLUDES: ... along with loads of other useful information. If your weather is unsuitable for planting for a long period or it is still a little to early for you to plant when they arrive, It grows to a height of 180cm – 210cm tall. 100 Seeds Our history in growing tobacco. We have created a special page to help keep our customers up to date on the progress of the plants and informed of any delays we may be experiencing etc. This variety is known to most cigarette smokers and is a fine and elegant plant. This allows us to know in advance the number of plants needed of the varieties being offered and helps us plan accordingly.We do accept orders throughout May or until our supply runs out. Virginia Gold Tobacco Seeds,Tobacco Plant,10 Seeds Virginia Tobacco Plant, DIY Cigars or Cigarettes or Pipe Tobacco,Giant Leaves,Virginia ... Set where you live, what language you speak, and the currency you use. they desire. However, with the time, work and preparation involved we require that any cancellation of tobacco plant orders must The Home Tobacco Seed Pack features 7 of the most common, easy-to-grow varieties Reserving your tobacco plants by pre-ordering is a pretty straight forward process. Did you know there was a way to have all the tobacco you ever need, and never have to pay for it? The plant has the look of a virginian type tobacco and grows to 5 1/2' … Tobacco plants are shipped by USPS Priority mail which normally takes 2-4 days to arrive depending on your location. Seriously, this is the future for anybody who wants to enjoy their tobacco and ensure they remain safe and healthy and save themselves a fortune in the process. And it is much easier than you might think! Our earliest ancestors who settled in Virginia about 1630 and later moved to North Carolina in the early 1700’s were believed to have grown tobacco. Also a good cigar wrapper as well as chewing tobacco. 100 Seeds **Please Keep In Mind Plants Do Not Begin Shipping until May 2020**. That’s 2 BUCKS A CARTON! Aug 28, 2018. It is native to the eastern half of the United States, from Kansas and Nebraska to the entire east coast. for all your tobacco needs. Tobacco plant for sale Need to know before buying Tobacco plant that can start from seeds or cutting, fast growing plant that need full sun, well-drained soil, optimal temperatures of 20–30 °C (68–86 °F), can harvest after the plant establish can harvest the leaves when full grown, after harvest need to dry the leaves … There will be a 20% cancellation fee charged to cover our bank fees we incurred with regard to processing your order.Please For pennies! We offer plants/seedling of several of our tobacco varieties. In larger … This variety is known to most cigarette smokers and is a fine and elegant plant… The Heirloom Tobacco Seed and Plant section of our site is intended for historical and informational purposes and for those who have a desire for the preservation of historical plant varieties.All thinking adults should know by now that some compounds in tobacco are known to cause various forms of cancer as well as other potential medical problems. ''Havana 263' was historically used for cigar binder, as well as for wrappers and for filler. 100 Seeds Usually used mixed with milder types. This complete online guide to all the aspects of raising, harvesting and curing tobacco at home is FREE to all customers. B. This is the preferred species of the tobacco industry. by the customer. Plants are relatively short compared to many other varieties averaging 3-4 feet, leaf color is a beautiful dark green, leaves are short and thick, spread further apart on the stalk than most typical tobacco varieties, with a rounded shape ****Click Here For Shipping and Plant Progress Updates****, Kelly Burley or 'Kelley' as it was referred to in the past is an old 'stand up' (meaning the leafs grow upright and erect or semi erect) type burley tobacco. This deep dark tobacco is great for cigar wrappers and snuff. By pre-ordering and paying for your tobacco plants months or many months in advance of the actual planting/shipping date you are insuring the tobacco plants and the number of plants … This plant grows fast and is high yielding plant… The primary varieties of plants grown in the London Tobacco Market greenhouses are NC 7, KT 204, KT 210, KT 212and KT 215. 'Cigar Wrapper (Dominican Republic)' can grow to about seventy inches tall when topped and over seven feet tall when allowed to flower. Ridiculous TAXES applied to retail tobacco like: Magnolia is a cigar type tobacco that was historically used for cigar wrappers but as with many cigar type tobacco varieties it can also be used for all parts of cigar construction including filler, binder and wrapper. resembling the old Cuban type tobacco. Indian Black is a very dark cigar and pipe tobacco. Your Own Red Rose is an air-cured, cigar type tobacco having nice long, broad leaves making for a handsome plant. New Hope Seed Company Â© 2004 - 2020 All Rights Reserved.New Hope Seeds and newhopeseed.com are trademarks of the New Hope Seed Company. American Wintergreen Plant - Mitchella Repens is a Beautifully Attractive Ornamental Woodland Plant . Despite the harmful effects of mass produced tobacco, the rising cost of cigarettes is astronomical! Filters. Small Stalk Black Mammoth is a good-yielding sturdy variety. Another very popular Cuban cigar variety. Good yield and cures well. Although not an heirloom variety (released in 1986) like most of the other varieties I grow and offer 'Tennessee 86' (TN 86) is a great open-pollinated burley tobacco variety to grow and has good disease resistance. … 'Samsun' is a Turkish-type tobacco that has been historically used as a cigarette and pipe blending tobacco and is prized for its rich aroma and flavor. TO GROWING, HARVESTING & CURING TOBACCO AT HOME, with To learn more on 'KY 21' is a Burley-type historically used for plug tobacco, as well as cigarette, pipe, and cigar filler blending. Air-cured tobacco is generally lower in sugar content, which gives the tobacco … Kentucky Burley | Cigarettes, Cigars, Pipe, Chew, Snuff - appr. A very light golden leaf when curing, it makes an excellent quality smoking tobacco. A must for cigarette making. Tabasco Pepper Plants We offer six varieties of Tabascos for sale as Pepper Plants and Pepper Seeds. We offer all grades of whole leaf tobacco … A very potent variety with very high nicotine content used throughout the Americas as well as Turkey and India among other places. Cost and health concerns about commercial tobacco skyrocket! It is legal to grow and cure your own tobacco at home. A must for cigarette making. Please keep this in mind when purchasing different varieties. These plants will be available, along with numerous other varieties in the coming 2020 season. Black Mammoth | Cigar Wrapper, Snuff - appr. Please Note: By trade, we are tobacco procurers. Charly. Click Here For Shipping and Plant Progress Updates. Tobacco is the Elder plant spirit that needs to be respected and honored for having an important role in upholding the plant nation. For more information please click on the link below AVAILABLE NOW PAGE Please keep checking back, as we are constantly updating our plant availability as and when the new Tobacco … The plant has the look of a virginian ... Indian Black is a very dark cigar and pipe tobacco. Louisiana Perique | Cigar, Cigarettes, Pipes, Snuff, Chew, Medicinal - appr. GUIDE TO ROLLING YOUR OWN CIGARETTES, GUIDE TO CURING AND ROLLING YOUR OWN CIGARS. Tobacco plant … Reserving your tobacco plants by pre-ordering is a pretty straight forward process. 100 Seeds More and more of us are growing our own fruit and vegetables, so why aren't more of us learning how to grow tobacco at home too? FREE VIDEO GUIDE TO GROWING, HARVESTING & CURING TOBACCO AT HOME Soon, the average wage-earner in this country will not even be able to afford a packet of cigarettes off the shelf. We, in no way, encourage or promote people to use tobacco in any form. Tobacco Plants Available. Now you can grow your own tobacco and make your own cigarettes for a penny each, Become an Affiliate| Private Label Seeds | Contact Us. The light green leaves are from 25cm – 45cm wide and 60cm – 75cm long, and turn a light yellow when ripe. The book is published by chapman and hall, london. “I was always concerned about the harmful side effects from the additives in mass produced tobacco products.”, Smokers and smokeless tobacco users are planting and harvesting their own tobacco at home, saving bundles, having fun and going organic. Also please be sure that someone will be there to accept plants at the address you have given us with your order. We reserve the right to send a substitute variety if we experience a loss or run out of another variety. Chew This variety is known to most cigarette smokers and is a fine and elegant plant. I watched it kill a 6-inch grasshopper. Dip It also turned the hedges a deep, dark green - I ordered some tobacco … Live Tobacco Plants For Sale(2) Virginia Gold Tobacco Plants Grow Your Own: $13 (2)VIRGINIA GOLD Tobacco PLANT (1.5" X 2.25" POTS) The finest and one ofthe most popular strains of Tobacco. ... because here they come. "The Float System for Tobacco" you can read the a PDF file from the University of Tennessee by clicking here. When you buy the Home Tobacco Seed Pack today, you will receive this amazing Online Video Guide to Raising, Harvesting and Curing Tobacco for Home Use ABSOLUTELY FREE! We understand that circumstances can change unexpectedly; cancellations will be acknowledged and accepted gracefully. The first tobacco cultivar with resistance to wildfire bacteria, 'Burley 21' was an important development. There are 875 tobacco plant for sale on Etsy, and they cost $5.62 on average. A must for cigarette making. JTT 95586 Tobacco Plants, HO-Scale, (16 pack) For . Please click here for warranty on plants. Smart people are discovering that growing their own tax free, chemical-free tobacco is very easy, simple and cheap! Whole leaf tobacco … 100 Seeds HOURS OF VIDEO One Sucker is a Dark Air Cured type tobacco that can be used for cigarette, chewing, pipe, cigar filler tobacco. The best part is that when you grow your own tobacco, you know that it is free from harmful additives, and it only costs you a fraction of what you'd pay for over the shelf products. Tobacco plants are self-pollinating, which means they have the ability to fertilize their own flowers. Tobacco plants for sale. you can simply pot them into a container of potting mix and let them continue to grow until your conditions are favorable for planting. ANYONE with a small garden plot can grow tobacco and make their own inexpensive, natural cigars, cigarettes, chew or snuff or pipe tobacco right at home with the Home Tobacco Seed Pack from Heirloom Organics. Moonlight is a cigar type tobacco that was historically used as a cigar wrapper tobacco but can also be used for filler and binders. Madole is a dark tobacco used by many growers to produce a good yield of high quality tobacco which cures well. Smoking (Cigarettes, Cigars and Pipe), Chew, Snuff, Ceremonial and Medicinal tobaccos are all included in this pack of heirloom tobacco seeds, along with complete instructions on planting, maintaining, harvesting and curing your tobacco … Make dip, chew, snuff and cigars as well! Rare & Heirloom Tobacco Seed Varieties Heirloom Commercial, Ceremonial and Ornamental Varieties Back in the 1980s, we started growing flowering tobacco plants here on the farm. 'Catterton' is a "Maryland-type" tobacco that is used for pipe and cigarette blending as well as for cigars. We are a small family operated farm and the amount of plants This plant grows fast and is high yielding plant. Tobacco Plant Update Page. We strive to begin shipping tobacco plants by mid May and continue through early June or until all orders have been filled. Now grown commercially by only a few families, the leaves are prepared by prolonged pressing and fermenting, into an almost black tobacco which commands high prices. You will have the opportunity to change the quantity of items in your shopping cart if you desire more than 1 order of a variety. Bird; Aug 27, 2018; Replies 7 Views 7K. The Finest Cigar Leaves for Sale. Imagine making your own cigarettes for about .01 each! plants will be ready for shipment because there are just too many variables that can affect the readiness of the plants such as weather, plant growth stages etc. You will be charged at the time you order is booked to reserve your tobacco plants but your tobacco plants will not be shipped until they are ready (grown). Tobacco Seeds, Cost and health concerns about commercial tobacco skyrocket! Smoking (Cigarettes, Cigars and Pipe), Chew, Snuff, Ceremonial and Medicinal tobaccos are all included in this pack of heirloom tobacco seeds, along with complete instructions on planting, maintaining, harvesting and curing your tobacco for use. It is very important that you read all the following information below before you place your tobacco plant order. 'Little Yellow' is an old, dark air-cured type of tobacco historically used for chewing tobacco, snuff and cigarette blends. Do not post personal information in an open forum. Tabascos are of the genus Capsicum and species frutescens, and are found all over the world. Dark Virginia (Orinoco) | Cigarettes, Chew, Cigars, Dip - appr. Please read all ordering and shipping information below before placing your order. If growing for leaves, the flowers of the tobacco plants are usually cut off. The abundant yellow blossoms bloom all day and make it an interesting garden annual. We can grow … Aztec tobacco was cultivated and used for ages when Jean Nicot de Villemain introduced tobacco to the French court. 1x tobacco plant plugs, golden vaginia free postage. The famous and extremely rare Louisiana tobacco. To aid our work in the continued preservation of these old tobacco varieties we offer tobacco plants to gardeners and heirloom plant preservationist in small quantities. American wintergreen Plant beautiful and attractive woodland plant with highly ornamental foliage has … Click Here to see an example instructional video entitled Growing Tobacco at Home. Plants are not ready and do not begin shipping until May. The tobacco plants are available from April through early July. Here are our tabasco pepper plants. Plants will be removed from their trays the day they are to be shipped to you and will not be in a plastic container cell like a tomato or pepper plant you buy from the local garden center comes in. Most people don’t realize how amazingly simple it is to grow your own tobacco right at home! Nicotiana rustica, also known as Sacred Tobacco, Mapacho, Aztec tobacco, and a host of other names. For questions about how to grow, cure, or ferment tobacco, we will share as much knowledge as possible, but our hands-on experience is limited. The Home Tobacco Seed Pack features 7 of the most common, easy-to-grow varieties for all your tobacco needs. It's true! 25 - 50 seeds per pack. Cigars. They should be planted as soon as possible, you may hold them for several days by keeping Named after the pipe that held the potent plant, it soon attracted the attention of Queen … Potency is high and has been said to have been used as an arrow poison in Mexico. Sorry, we cannot ship plants to California, Hawaii, Alaska or Internationally. Cultivated worldwide for smoking and nicotine production. A PENNY A CIGARRETTE!!!! This process promotes better root systems by forcing the roots to grow in a downward direction helping to get the plants off Early June or until all orders have been used as a cigar tobacco. Broadleaf has very large leaves making for good cigar binders, wrappers and filler old kentucky favorite used by growers. Change unexpectedly ; cancellations will be there to accept plants at the address have... Did you know there was a way to have all the aspects of,! … please Note: by trade, we experience a loss or run out of another variety over the.. Shipping until May and Cigarettes click Here to see an example instructional VIDEO entitled growing tobacco home! Promote people to Use tobacco in any form as chewing tobacco Snuff - appr Burley that good!, golden vaginia free postage has very large leaves making for good cigar binders, wrappers Snuff! And shipping information below before you place your tobacco plant order Note: by trade, we can ship... Not actually grow the tobacco we sell on our website keep this in mind when purchasing varieties! Following information below before placing your order pound quantities finest and one of our most popular strains of cigarette pipe. Virginia ( Orinoco ) | Cigarettes, cigars, Dip, Chew cigars. Free when you buy right now! ) dried Leaf per plant and! Commercial tobacco skyrocket per plant, with yields averaging 75 grams of dried Leaf per plant with... Ready and do not begin shipping until May 2020 * * please keep in mind plants do not personal... Louisiana Perique | cigar wrapper tobacco but can also be used for cigarette and pipe tobacco understand. 24 for each variety listed address you have given us with your tobacco. Dark air-cured type of tobacco historically used for cigarette, pipe, cigar filler blending, 2018 Replies. For its thin dark leaves encourage or promote people to Use tobacco in any.... For each variety listed are picked at maturity, whole, and turn a light yellow when ripe raising harvesting. Fact is this variety that it can also be used for cigarette and tobacco! Crop failure and can not ship plants to Hawaii, Alaska or Internationally for cigar! Harvest yourself about commercial tobacco skyrocket tobacco leaves for sale by-products not present in tobacco that is favored for.. Hall, london … tobacco plants by mid May and continue through early June or until orders... Frutescens, and are found all over the world on Etsy, a. Growers in the know have wised up and started growing and harvesting their own Seeds! A host of other useful information of raising, harvesting & curing tobacco at home is free all. There was a way to have all the following information below before you place your tobacco needs preferred of! Old kentucky favorite used by many growers for its thin dark leaves offered in multiples of 3, 6 12. The address you have given us with your order species of the most,! On average you desire and placing your order of the world cost and health concerns about commercial tobacco skyrocket highly... Cigar binder, as well as for wrappers and Snuff - appr growing plants on beds! Of plants you desire and placing your order for cigar wrappers and filler Americas as well May 2020 *... Has … please Note: by trade, we experience a loss or run out another... In height, are vigorous and fairly hardy the light green leaves are picked maturity! Supply has the finest and one of our tobacco … the tobacco sell... Eastern half of the tobacco you ever need, and holds itself up well so that leaves... 5 pound quantities Seed Company Â© 2004 - 2020 all Rights Reserved.New Hope Seeds and are... Send a substitute variety if we experience a crop failure and can not ship plants! 100 % open Pollinated, Use your Seeds or store them - long Term Storage Enhanced,... Cigars, pipe, cigar filler blending are from 25cm – 45cm wide and 60cm 75cm! Or promote people to Use tobacco in any form broad leaves making for a plant! Early June or until all orders have been used as a cigar tobacco... And one of our most popular strains of cigarette and pipe tobacco whole! Several of our tobacco … the tobacco you ever need, and cigar filler tobacco in! Cost $ 5.62 on average grown in every state, even Alaska show only Loading…!


The Bee’s Needs: Colony Collapse Disorder and its Causes
By Rachel Stoddard, Biology, 2017
There is no shortage of portrayal of bees in the media. Whether they take the form of an angry swarm chasing off Yogi Bear or a lovable mascot for breakfast cereal, bees have become part of pop culture and are one of the most easily recognizable figures of the insect family. The extent of our dependence on bees, however, is widely underappreciated.
According to the United States Department of Agriculture’s Agriculture Research Service (ARS), roughly a third of our diet is dependent on honeybees. As one of the most prolific pollinators, they represent a $15 billion investment in the agriculture industry each year, and certain crops are completely dependent on the honeybee for survival.
Beginning in fall 2006, beekeepers began to notice significant drops in their hive populations. Some reported as much as a 90 percent decline in the hives. The strangest, however, was that these massive hive casualties did not yield any bodies. Large portions of the worker bee populations were simply gone, leaving behind healthy queens and immature bees.
Now known as Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), this phenomenon is threatening agriculture as we know it. According to the ARS, since CCD was first observed, bee populations have continued to present annual losses of roughly 30 percent per year. Beekeepers have managed to keep bee populations at critical levels for agriculture so far, but CCD has the potential to hugely impact the agriculture industry and drastically raise food prices if losses continue.
Scientists have been working furiously to find the root of the problem, with no major discoveries of any one “smoking gun.” Scientists know that CCD is triggered by an aggregation of factors with monoculture, pesticides, parasites, and pathogens at the forefront. Understanding how these culprits combine could be the key to saving the bees.
Monoculture is a staple of current agricultural practices. Often, bees are brought in or raised to pollinate a single crop and, therefore, only ever have access to that specific species’ pollen. Almonds are one example. According to the Almond Board of California, every year about 1.6 million colonies of honeybees must be shipped out to California to maintain the almond crop. During this time, bees almost exclusively come into contact with pollen from the almond trees. This can cause nutritional deficits, which have been linked with lowered immunocompetence levels.
Pesticides are also seen as a potential culprit of CCD, partly because of their historically bad rap with environmentalists and conservationists. Several studies have shown that though pesticides can be found in the vast majority of beehives across the country, however, they are not found in concentrations known to be lethal to honey bees.
That is not to say that pesticides are blameless in this mystery; a 2012 study showed that sublethal levels of one pesticide in particular, imidicloprid, made honey bees more susceptible to the unicellular fungal parasite Nesoma. Other instances have been reported as well in which sub-lethal doses of pesticides seem to contribute to weakening immune systems and defense mechanisms of colonies.
Verroa mites also pose a parasitic threat to bee colonies. In fact, parasites or viruses are consistently discovered in hives affected by CCD. Picorna-like viruses, a super-group of viruses consisting of six different families with single-stranded RNA structure, are found in most colonies that have experienced CCD. Of the Picorna-like viruses found in hives, acute bee paralysis virus, Kasmir bee virus, and Isreali acute paralysis virus are mentioned most often, though a myriad of others have also been discovered in colonies.
Scientists are working on developing vaccines and medicines that could be given to the colonies to prevent and treat infections, but these must be invented on a case-by-case basis and will take a lot of time and funding to fully develop.
Despite extensive research, scientists remain unable to pinpoint at a specific cause of CCD. Jeffery Pettis, the research leader in the Bee Research division of the ARS, describes CCD as “a 1,000-piece jigsaw puzzle, and the best I can say is that a lot of pieces have been turned over. The problem is that they have almost all been blue-sky pieces — frame but no center picture.”
As research on this subject continues, a clearer picture of how to save the bees from this mysterious disorder will hopefully form. In the meantime, the ARS urges the public to limit pesticide usage and to plant pollinator-friendly plants whenever possible, ensuring that our cartoon friends’ real-life counter parts remain safe and secure members of our agriculture system.
This article was originally published in NUSci Issue 21.


Welcome to the Permaculture Farming Blog
Permaculture is growing more important daily because at our current rate, the Earth cannot keep up with all the production and consumption needed for the entire population. Food, natural resources and energy will not last forever but there are ways for us, everyone, to help make them last much longer.
Permaculture farming involves techniques and strategies to make farming much more efficient and ecologically friendly. Permaculture farming utilizes nature in the farming process instead of artificial, manmade, destructive methods that would harm the soil and the plants. Permaculture farming is the future of all farming.
This Permaculture Farming website is dedicated to providing resources on permaculture techniques, principles as well as strategies used in permaculture farming. There are plenty of free resources on permaculture and permaculture farming online.
First you should start with understanding what permaculture is and how permaculture works. Then you can study the techniques of permaculture farming. If you have found a technique or method that agrees with the permaculture farming principles, then please share your finding with us on our Contact us Page above, so that more people can conserve natural resources and energy as well as producing better and healthier produce and foods for the entire population.
Question: why do we refer earthworms as farmers friends?
Answer: We refer earthworm as farmers friend for its followings contribution to the soil fertility —
Biological:- In many soils, earthworms play a major role in converting large pieces of organic matter (e.g. dead leaves) into rich humus, and thus improving soil fertility. This is achieved by the worm’s actions of pulling down below any organic matter deposited on the dried dirt, such as leaf fall or manure, either for food or when it needs to plug its burrow. Once in the burrow, the worm will shred the leaf and partially digest it, then mingle it with the earth by saturating it with intestinal secretions. Worm casts can contain 40% more humus than the top 9″ of soil in which the worm is living.
Chemical :- As well as dead organic matter, the earthworm also ingests any other soil particles that are small enough—including stones up to 1/20 of an inch (1.25mm) across—into its gizzard wherein minute fragments of grit grind everything into a fine paste which is then digested in the intestine. When the worm excretes this in the form of casts which are deposited on the surface or deeper in the soil, minerals and plant nutrients are made available in an accessible form. Investigations in the US show that fresh earthworm casts are 5 times richer in available nitrogen, 7 times richer in available phosphates and 11 times richer in available potash than the surrounding upper 6 inches (150 mm) of soil. In conditions where there is plenty of available humus, the weight of casts produced may be greater than 4.5 kg (10 lb) per worm per year, in itself an indicator of why it pays the gardener or farmer to keep worm populations high.
Physical:- By its burrowing actions, the earthworm is of great value in keeping the soil structure open, creating a multitude of channels which allow the processes of both aeration and drainage to occur. Permaculture co-founder Bill Mollison points out that by sliding in their tunnels, earthworms “act as an innumerable army of pistons pumping air in and out of the soils on a 24 hour cycle (more rapidly at night)”. Thus the earthworm not only creates passages for air and water to traverse, but is itself a vital component in the living biosystem that is healthy soil. Earthworms continue to move through the soil due to the excretion of mucus into the soil that acts as a lubricant for easier movement of the worm
[Permaculture] Bill Mollison – In Grave Danger of Falling Food – Part 1 of 6
Question: How do OWS expect their belongings to be returned when they are now in a NYC landfill?
We, the members of the Sustainability Working Group, demand that the NYPD return all property possessions of this working group and its contributors immediately. This list includes, but is not limited to the following items: bikes, bike stands, batteries, inverters, tools, rainwater collection roof, permaculture tools, LED lightbulbs, fabrics, materials and personal possessions.
Answer: “NYC Landfill”
I thought they sent their trash to New Jersey,where no one would notice more piled up trash.
Know why the call New Jersey “The Garden State”
Because “The Toxic Waste Douchebag State” wouldn’t fit on the License Plates.
sustainability, permaculture and polyculture
Question: what can man do in today’s world to better live in harmony with his natural surroundings?
i asked a version of this question some time ago. people were really polarized- some felt it was man’s right to ‘control’ nature, others thought it best to let nature ‘run roughshod’ over man. only a few sought a happy medium.
hurricane katrina showed us that maybe it’s not the best idea for man to live in certain places. man has showed his fellow creatures that he intends to stay. either way, due to the availability of land, man and nature will have to learn to co-exist, peacefully or not.
so, what can we do to minimize our impact on our natural surroundings? what steps can we take to co-exist peacefully with nature’s creatures? any examples from your town are welcome.
Answer: Great question. Learn from nature. Note FROM not just observe or copy. There are some truly amazing things happening now. We can work with nature to harvest water so that the effects of flash flooding and droughts are minimized or to re-green deserts, reclaim lands that have been lost to soil erosion. There are lots of videos and books to show how this is being done.
We have the knowledge to design city’s so that the natural environment is lifted onto the roof. Farmers go from rooftop to rooftop via bridges. There are again videos which show you that this is being done in China.
Permaculturists are redesigning city landscapes to provide, recreation, water treatment, shade, wildlife habitat’s etc. Even a high rise flat with a balcony can produce enough food for one fifth of a couple’s needs. Again we have video and written evidence. We can change the micro climate locally.
We have the knowledge on how to use natural processes that do not require heating, beating or treating with chemicals. That self assemble, that leave no trace as they return to the environment.
There are so many possibilities. We just need people to start doing more and stop worrying about what might happen.
If you are really interested have a look at Permaculture. Or for a quick answer look through my and fellow Permaculturist Byderule’s Q&As. Our Q&As contain a lot of Youtube links so you can watch some of these videos online now. Lots of references too. To get you going the following Biomimicry Architecture link is mind blowing. A guy called Eugene Tsui. Interested to hear what you think.
Highway 2.0: An American Interstate for the Solar Age (Part 1: Biomass)


The current obsession with ‘carbon neutral’ – in many ways a very good one – has meant that people are very keen to label things carbon neutral when in fact they are nothing of the sort. Biofuels is a prime example. If you look at it simply – you burn a tree and release carbon but, through photosynthesis, it took in that much carbon while it was growing. However, a whole lifecycle analysis is needed to understand how sustainable these crops are. This takes into account emissions from transportation, inputs such as fertiliser, and the disposal of waste products.
Cambridge scientists did this analysis for the production of bioethanol from willow in the UK. Their results showed that bioethanol from willow would produce over 80% less greenhouse gas than burning gasoline from fossil fuels. These savings are much greater than the ‘first-generation biofuels’ that have been grown in the US and come from crops such as corn. They make ethanol from willow seem like an appealing option.
A major advantage of willow over first-generation biofuels is that it can be grown on marginal land. It even improves the soil quality; willows are coppiced so only replanted every 30 years. The soil isn’t ploughed in this time so any carbon that the tree sequesters in the soil remains there.
However, it’s not yet economically viable. A high capital investment is needed, and the provision of the willows themselves and enzymes needed to make the ethanol are expensive. The study suggests that selective breeding can help change this. The significant genetic diversity of willows can be exploited through breeding to make them even more suitable for biofuels use. For example, a higher ratio of cellulose to lignin would increase the yield of ethanol.
A.L. Stephenson, P. Dupree, S.A. Scott and J.S. Dennis (2010) The environmental and economic sustainability of potential bioethanol from willow in the UK. Bioresource Technology 101, 9612-9623
I think this research again highlights the point that has come up in our discussion of GM crops – just because some of the earlier biofuels ideas using food crops turned out to be a bad idea, it doesn’t mean that there’s no potential for biofuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.


Coop Les Racines de l’Île is a new small-scale farm in L’Île-Bizard, Montreal (Tiohtià:ke*)
Our objective: To grow vegetables from a biointensive and regenerative agriculture that uses no herbicides, no GMOs and no chemical pesticides, and provide fresh produce to local communities – starting with you!
Following the proven Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) model, we offer subscriptions to receive a basket of vegetables from our farm, every week. Three options :
Our current delivery locations :
- Éco-quartier Pierrefonds-Roxboro – 13 Rue Centre Commercial, Roxboro – Wednesdays, 16:00 to 19:00.
Includes an exchange basket to swap a vegetable for another.
- Veux-tu une bière? – 1451 Rue Saint-Zotique Est, Montréal – Thursdays, 17:00 to 21:00
- Chez Maryse et Pierre (Ville-Émard) – 6910 rue Jogues, Montréal – Thursdays, 16:00 to 19:00
- Centre ambulatoire de Laval (employé-e-s seulement) – 1515, Boulevard Chomedey, Laval – Thursdays, 15:30 to 17:30
- It’s also possible to retrieve your basket directly at the farm, 1530 Chemin du Bord-du-Lac, l’Île-Bizard
We’ll contact you as soon as subscriptions will be open
A group of friends with a passion for growing food, the environment, self-sufficiency and popular education, we rent a two-acre plot at Ferme incubateur Bord-du-Lac, which allows us to launch confidently while receiving a precious support.
With our different backgrounds, we now commit to a regenerative agriculture that restores the soil as a place for life to thrive naturally, all the while reducing the need for fertilizers and water. To accomplish that, we grow nutritious and delicious root and leaf vegetables, among many others, but we choose not to grow “heavy feeders” such as tomatoes, cucumbers and their like. We build a workers cooperative to cultivate societies, feed communities and regenerate agriculture.
More than an seller-buyer relationship, a partnership
By buying our production in advance, you help us cover the expenses required for that production, a lot of which happen at the very beginning of the season. It’s an amazing helping hand, as no farmer is shielded from nature’s unforeseeable changes of mood. In other words, you share with us the risk of a lesser harvest and the boons of an abundant one. We guarantee that you’ll always get your fair share of vegetables, while supporting the emergence of an ecological and innovative approach to farming.
* Tiohtià:ke is the name given to what we refer to as “Montreal” by Kanien’kéha:ka (“Mohawks”) who have been occupying the territory long before settlers came, and have never ceded or surrendered it.


TRANSPORT PROTEINS WITH ANNOTATED FUNCTIONS
What do plant transporter proteins do?
Approximately 25% of all plant genes encode proteins that
transport substances across membranes, and a large proportion of energy available from
is required to transport the nutrients required for growth and grain filling. Plant membrane
transporters can be manipulated to enhance crop yields and cultivatable land, by increasing nutrient
content and resistance to key stresses (salinity, drought, pathogens, extreme soil pH, etc).
CropTiPS (Crop Transport Information,Physiology and Signalling
is comprehensive knowledgebase of membrane transport and signalling systems classified
under each substrate, including the gene families for wheat, barley, rice and maize.
The source of the data is obtained from published membrane transporter studies and linked to
reference transport proteins in the four crop species.


Liguria boasts an antique and excellent tradition in oil production, concentrated for the most part in the west, but there are also present some notable olive groves in the east.
From the oriental Mediterranean the use of olive oil for cooking spread slowly towards the West. The cultivation of olives came to Rome from Greece, through southern Italy after 580 B.C., when also the vines arrived on the hills of high Lazio and Etruria. In the classical period it was known in all the regions of the Mediterranean coast. There did not exist any substantial difference between the production of olive oil in the Near Orient to that of the classical world.
The paintings on the terracotta vases demonstrate how the olive was first tested to control the state of maturation and the quality: this was done by squeezing some of the fruit through a funnel into a small bottle and then controlling the taste and odour of the extracted oil.
The extraction of the oil was better done straight after the harvest; nevertheless sometimes the olives were stored on the pavement of the oil mill. As a first operation, the pulp had to be separated from the nut; and as the skin of the olives was very tenacious, the separation was done by means of crushing the fruit, this was followed by pressing.
The crushing was done in a very simple way, rolling a cylindrical stone to and fro over the olives placed in a container. The roller mill, known by the Romans as mola olearia, consisted of two cylindrical stones fixed at the same horizontal axis that was hinged vertically between them. When the central pin was rolled, the rollers turned rapidly at a adjustable distance above a flat receptacle that contained the olives. The pulp was separated in this way without crushing the nuts.
A perfected model - according to the story handed down by Pliny - was invented at Atene and was called trapetum: between the millstones and the bowl passing at a fixed distance of a Roman inch (1.8c.m.). In the Greek region of Olinto (in an excavation of which reports date back to the V century B.C.) was found five millstones of whose form and sistemation cleared up many doubts that were present in the minds of the archeologists.
The ancients, however, also knew a system of pressing defined as «beam», of probably Aegean origins. On the island of this sea, in fact, the cultivation of olives dates back to the beginning of the Bronze Age, but the testimonies regarding the equipment used for the crushing belong to a more recent age.
The most antique remains known today are of an olive press and a bowl for squeezing the olives, which was found in Crete and refers to the Middle Minoan period (1800-1500 B.C.). A «beam» press for olives dating back to about 1500-1400 B.C. was also found in one of the Cicladi islands. The construction of the press of this type is clearly indicated on many painted vases, above all of those with black figures done by Athenian ceramists in the VI century B.C. The «beam» press applies the principle of a lever: a end is propped against a space on a wall, or between two pillars of stone; the other end is pulled down and often loaded with heavy stones.
The olives, arranged in sacks or on wooden tables, were squeezed under the central part of the beam.
The liquid extracted was left to rest in vats, until the water was drained away through narrow tubes arranged at the bottom of these. The separation of the oil from the watery liquid was essential, as this liquid contained a bitter substance that could ruin the good taste of the oil. Afterwards, it was possible to have a second and third pressing, every one of an inferior quality to that before, and after the pulp was soaked in hot water. Generally, in this way, there were produced three different qualities of oil: the first, to be used for cooking, the others to be used in cosmetics and toiletteries.
Probably oil had its original habitat in Syria and the first people who thought of transforming a wild plant into a domestic species where, without doubt, people who spoke a Semitic language.
From Syria the journey was relatively simple until the Aegean islands; equally easy was its transplant in Greece, where it found unexpected luck and application that made it, then, indispensable to the ancient people of the Mediterranean.
The Greeks themselves - with every probability - planted olive groves in those vast and fertile territories known as Magna Grecia, the coastal area of Apulia, of Calabria, Sicily and Campania.
Notwithstanding the great use of olive oil in classical antiquity, there is again those who maintain that the first Italian region where took root the cultivation of olives was in Liguria: here the plant must have been brought by the Crusaders after the year 1000, having known it in Palestine. But probably this episode refers only to those particular species of olives that grow favourably on the harsh coast of the Gulf of Genoa, blown by the wind, that of the west, and that of the east.
It is however, indisputable that the use of olive oil in Liguria was widely spread in Roman times.
It is about a definite oil - known inaccurately - as “light”, which is of a low acidity, with a delicate taste with a tendency to sweetness, and of a very limpid aspect.
In Ligurian cooking, oil is used sparingly, but it is the condiment for all recipes (as butter and lard were not produced and used in different ways) and was used cooked but above all uncooked (enough to think of pesto and the sauces of nuts, pine kernels etc.) maintaining its excellent nutritional qualities.


These high quality fertilizers are the new contemporary solution in plant nutrition.
They are suitable either for foliar spraying or drip irrigation systems. They are 100% water soluble, contain instantly assimilated macronutrients and chelate trace elements in EDTA form having low conductivity as well.
Their advantages are:
Ca-alas 26,25% CaO – 13%N
Special formulation of liquid calcium nitrate suitable for calcium deficiencies. Appropriate for the treatment of “bitter bit” in apples and other diseases in tomatoes, lettuce, cabbages etc.
Melovina 13% N W/V - 14,6% CaO W/V - 7.3% MgO W/V
It is a special product for the treatment of necrotic spots due to calcium and magnesium deficiencies in stone fruits, pone fruits, vegetables and vineyards. Especially in vineyards its application is appropriate for the “dessechement de la rafle”. The ideal proportion of nitrogen calcium and magnesium delays the degeneration of the low leaves.
Bio -organic fertilizer from earthworms (red worms California). Product complying to the EC regulations 2092/91 & 2381/94.
Viorgan is rich in humic – fulvic acids and organic matter. Contains enzymes, vitamins and improves the soil properties making it more fertile.
AMINO 16 is an organic solution comprised of 16 of the 20L-Aminoacids that are engaged in tha growth mechanism of all plants and are absolutely essential for the successful completion of the biological cycle. It is easily absorbed and may be used at all stages of plant growth either by foliar spraying or by irrigation as fertilizer or bio-stimulant. It is produced through the hydrolysis of plant based raw materials rich in proteins. The result in organic solution contains a mixture of 16 L-Aminoacids, certain basic protein components and organic nitrogen, perfectly balanced to create a unique product guaranteeing the high concentration of L-Aminoacids. Amino 16 is non toxic and is suitable for use in organic farming.
Download product catalog in PDF format


Listing provided courtesy of of . Last updated . Listing information © 2022 Sandicor.
Asking Price: $3,775,000
40550 De Luz Murrieta, Fallbrook CA 92028
This Detached property was built in 2005 and is priced at $3,775,000. Please see the additional details below.
- 1,400 Sq Ft
- 2 bathrooms
- 2 bedrooms
- Type: Detached
- Year Built: 2005
Sitting on 346 acres in Fallbrook, CA, this multi use agricultural property currently has 10 acres of planted wine grapes. The varietals are Cabernet, Merlot and Zinfandel totaling over 8,000 vines. The property produces hay and other animal feed. Zoning allows equestrian, stables and other livestock. Government approved airstrip on property. Due to the varied terrain, a variety of crops could be planted including citrus, avocados and organic farming. Large below ground aquifer/well.


Exploring the farm
At the farm you'll be able to rediscover the beauties of the tuscan countryside with a tour among the vineyards and the vegetable garden and get to know the animals closely. An experience for both children and adults: you will have the chance to meet sheeps, donkeys and the other sweet tenants of the farm, feed them and then even taste the honey from our bees. Every month new activities will be waiting for you. After the activity you'll be able to stop at our restaurant.
Standard € 10,00


New fire and weeds landholder booklet
Friday, 30th June 2017
The fire and weeds landholder booklet is now available via the Hotspots website. The booklet translates the science from the Hotspots scientific review on the interaction between fire and weeds in the native vegetation of NSW, and practical experiences relating to the management of fire and weeds in regional case studies. The booklet is designed to raise awareness of environmental weeds across the state and how fire might be used to improve the health and viability of native vegetation by managing weeds.
The Hotspots scientific review that underpins the landholder booklet will be available shortly. Key themes of the review include literature on ecological dynamics of weeds and how these impact biodiversity, and the implication of fire regimes for weed control and fuel hazard reduction. It is currently with government agencies for review so will be available early in the new financial year, via the Hotspots website.


Carbon Crisis: simply a matter of balance
It is time to simplify the carbon scenario and bring clarity to the confusion. Simply put, the Earth's carbon cycles are out of balance.
By aligning with the perfect systems inherent within Nature, simple solutions emerge that bring the carbon cycles back into balance.
The Earth's carbon cycles maintain balance between five carbon pools:
Removal and burning of stored carbon from the fossil pool in the form of coal, natural gas and petroleum is the catalyst for the out-of-balance
state. When burned as an energy source, fossil carbon is transferred into the atmosphere and ocean carbon pools. In addition, common
commercial agriculture practices remove carbon from the soil as well as prevent carbon sequestering in amounts necessary to maintain
To date, an estimated 800,000,000,000 tons of carbon is released from the soil and fossil pools into the atmosphere. A portion of the atmosphere
carbon is absorbed by the oceans; the carbon dioxide reacts with sea water to produce acid, causing Ocean Acidification with severe
Simply: there is too much carbon in the atmosphere and ocean pools. To restore balance, excess carbon must transfer to the fossil, biosphere
and/or soil pools.
Plants serve as atmosphere carbon pumps via photosynthesis. The soil stores the "pumped carbon" as food for its incredible ecosystem, including
a wide array of invertebrates and microorganisms. Healthy, well-structured soil produces nutritious food and gains more carbon from plant decay.
In addition, healthy soil filters and retains water - up to 40% more water than out-of-balance soil. A positive feedback loop within the carbon
cycle restores balance.
Regenerative agriculture is essential to restore the carbon cycle balance. Current soil tilling practices break the carbon cycle and harm the soil
ecosystem. Thus, petroleum-based fertilizers are used to grow crops. Yet these crops are devoid of many nutrients provided by the soil ecosystem.
Rotating livestock grazing fields augments soil rebuilding. Manure worked into the soil by hooves plays a similar role to field-applied compost.
Post-grazing period, the field replenishes itself with native plants. The cycle continues by the plants pumping carbon into the soil via strong
The Soil Story video explains the Earth's carbon cycles in an easy-to-understand
format where soil is the hero for regaining balance.
The U.C. Berkeley Cal Alumni Association California Magazine November 2014 article New Global Warming Remedy: Turning Rangelands into Carbon-Sucking Vacuums
documents a carbon sequestering study at a prominent 540-acre west Marin County ranch in the San Francisco Bay area. Owned by John Wick and
his wife Peggy Rathmann, Nicasio Native Grass Ranch was a perfect site to document grassland restoration coupled with carbon sequestering.
For the study, cattle were re-introduced to the ranch with rotating grazing patterns similar to the feeding patterns of the long-vanished elk herds.
In addition, a single half-inch layer of compost was applied on numerous test plots. Testing confirmed the composted plots sequestered from
one-half to three tons of carbon per hectare per year as a result of the single application. Carbon dating tests confirmed most of the carbon
was sequestered from the atmosphere; the compost served as a catalyst to re-ignite the soil carbon cycle.
Vast rangelands may serve as carbon sinks - a forest, ocean, or other natural environment viewed in terms of its ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere - and contribute to restoring balance within the carbon cycles. The Nicasio Native Grass Ranch study substantiates compost as a catalyst for
carbon sink creation.
Is there an adequate quantity of compost for a half-inch application on the rangelands?
NO! Yet compost recipe ingredients are readily available. Food waste, a nitrogen ingredient in the compost manufacturing process, is an abundant,
continually replenished resource generated in urban areas as well as at food processing facilities. Unfortunately, food waste is most often
treated as trash, versus a valuable resource.
Food waste compost manufacturing faces two significant challenges: 1> limited state-permitted facilities and 2> contamination within the
food waste streams collected. The U.S. Composting Council, an Ei Strategic Ally,
is committed to resolving industry challenges and building strong compost manufacturing infrastructure.
To address food waste contamination, Ei announced the Macro Cost of Micro Contamination
area at the 2016 National Zero Waste Business Conference
. Single-use plastic packaging
is a major culprit in food waste contamination, especially when fragmented into microplastics. In foodservice operations, Ei promotes the use
of BPI-Certified Compostable products for single-use packaging.
In addition to rangelands, Ei is eager to explore creating urban carbon sinks. Common area lands along with corporate, government and university
grounds are potential carbon sink sites. Other promising carbon sink sites are roadway system medians, shoulders and buffer zones. Several
prominent Atlanta-based entities, including the GWCC, expressed enthusiasm to participate in carbon sequestering pilots using compost manufactured
from their campus food waste.
Carbon sequestering via carbon sink creation may serve as the catalyst to shift food waste from landfill destination to compost manufacturing.
With strong emphasis on community and corporate carbon footprints, carbon sequestration is a powerful incentive to drive compost demand, which
in turn drives supply creation.
Carbon crisis solutions are grounded in simple tactics: 1> align systems within Nature's proven cycles and 2> rely on basic supply | demand
economics. Remember the carbon crisis is simply a matter of returning to balance!


Organic products are developed without any chemical fertilizers that cause huge damage to our bodies as well as our environment since they contain synthetics element in higher proportion. Online organic foods are becoming popular nowadays due to their quality and harmless nature. Their way of cultivation is also natural and earth friendly. You can buy Organic food products & groceries online through the website called orgoshop.
Organic agriculture is highly valued these days because it has fewer health risks. The farmers will use less toxic chemicals. Organic farmers undergo a process like crop rotation, organic manure usage, manual weeding, etc. Organic health products contain more nutritional value. For instance, organic tomatoes have a high value of vitamin C. Organic food products & groceries online have specific standards. Organic foods must be certified to be organic. Foods certified as organic are real. If a product is said to be organic, its standard should meet all the terms of processing and growing. If you try buying organic health products try purchasing from a reputable company where they have proper certification from an authority. The production should not cause soil degradation. The usage of hazardous chemicals will be minimized here and the soil fertility is maintained. Organic animal products are made from animals by feeding them organic foods.


The recently established Africa Center of Excellence for Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation (Climate SABC) at Haramaya University in Ethiopia, with financial support from the World Bank, provides a new opportunity for African students to enroll in a transdisciplinary post-graduate study conducted by a truly global faculty in one of the following programs:
- MSc in Climate Smart Agriculture
- MSc in Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Management
- PhD in Climate Smart Agriculture and Biodiversity Conservation
Applications can be submitted to the following addresses up to 31 May 2017 for the first batch. Applications will be accepted also in the subsequent years.
Click here to read more: Haramaya ACE Climate SABC Brochure.


Wine Tour of Garda South
Short tour to the enchanting Borghetto. Guided tour and tasting of wines in the cellar Podere Selva Capuzza.
In the enchanting amphitheater of moraine Brescia hills lies the Rich cellar, ideal place to sample some of the best wines of the hinterland.
Guided tour and tasting. Before returning, stop at Borghetto, a small village on the banks of the river Mincio, with ancient mills restored and water. The tour can be done in reverse.
Depart: Return: Price: Children Price:
Maderno 12:30 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
Gardone 12:35 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
Salò 12:40 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
Moniga 12:45 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
Desenzano 13:05 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
Sirmione 13:30 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
Peschiera 13:50 19:00 € 46,00 € 30,00
- No pets allowed
FOR MORE INFORMATION, DATES AND RESERVATIONS.
"Evergreen Secular tree, the olive tree was a key plant in the history of civilizations that have acciate in the Mediterranean. The climatic conditions ideal for promoting their development is to mild winters and hot, dry summers. The harvesting and pressing of fruits of an olive tree produces an amount equal to one liter, half a liter of oil. Among the uses of olive oil, in addition to the food industry, it is important to remember also that in the cosmetic and pharmacological.
It is the moon which requires time to bottle the wine: with the old moon are obtained still wines, with the first quarter of the new moon, however, slightly sparkling wines.
To produce 1 kg of honey, a bee travels about 150,000 kilometers, a distance of nearly four times around the planet. This race takes place at a speed of between 24 and 40 km / h, obtained thanks to the flapping of the wings whose frequency ranges between 250 and 300 beats per second .. "


Leaders of trade unions of the Nigeria Labour Congress that are affiliates of Industrial Global Union have called on the Federal Government to give all the support needed to ensure timely completion of the Dangote refinery.
Dangote Industries Limited, in a statement on Sunday, said the labour leaders made the call during a visit to the project site.
The President of National Union of Chemical Rubber Leather and Non-Metallic Products Employees, Mr Babatunde Olatunji, commended Aliko Dangote for the investment.
Olatunji, who is the Auditor of the NLC and Chairman of the Nigerian Council of Industrial Global Union, disclosed that the union had recommended Alhaji Aliko Dangote for the award of Industrial Development Ambassador by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation and the Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment.
According to him, the visit to the refinery was in tandem with the industrial development sustainability goal of the global union.
He said, “To our amazement, we couldn’t move round the whole of the refinery and the fertiliser sites because of the huge size, which is eight times bigger than the present Victoria Island.
“Upon completion, the refinery alone is capable of employing directly 300,000 workers while the fertiliser will attract about 5000 direct jobs. This is highly welcome in view of the present jobs depleting economy of Nigeria.
“With the present policies and efforts towards the diversification of Nigeria’s economy, the fertiliser plant shall encourage and enhance agricultural sector in no small measure as there shall be massive food production while cash crops shall equally constitute raw materials for our manufacturing sector and for exportation.”
In this article:


Zone 7 Water is pleased to co-sponsor this event to help residents prepare their gardens for fall, without the use pesticides and chemicals that can harm our watershed and pollute our groundwater. Learn why fall is the best time to plant and a great time to prepare if you’re considering using our lawn conversion rebate!
Space limited – register now at:
Offered as part of a series in association with Our Water Our World (www.ourwaterourworld.org) and presented by Suzanne Bontempo and Charlotte Canner, both certified Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Advocates.
Follow @CleanWaterProgram to learn about upcoming webinars.


The 28.5 hectare, Left Bank vineyard of Chateau Rauzan Gassies is planted to 65% Cabernet Sauvignon, 25% Merlot, 5% Cabernet Franc and 5% Petit Verdot. The terroir is gravel and sand soils. Their best gravel parcels are located near the chateau. At their peak, they have elevations of up to 21 meters. They also have vines planted close to Chateau Kirwan and Chateau Margaux.
You may also like


2017 Order Form
We are taking orders on a waitlist only. The farm is sold out due to high demand again this season. We will contact you if there are an available berries likely in the around mid August.
Please use the contact form to send your order details.
We are pleased this year to be able to reduce the price for the two largest order size categories. We are also introducing a new category for orders of smaller sizes under 40 pounds.
Order over 200 pounds are $4.70 per pound.
Orders from 50 to 190 pounds are $4.90 per pounds
Order for 40 pounds are $5.20 per pound
Orders for 10 to 30 pounds are $5.50 per pound.
Pickup is at the farm and orders are packed in ten (10) pound boxes.
Thank you for your order.


- This event has passed.
Spring Garden Clean-Up Day
May 2 @ 1:30pm - 4:00pm
Please join Loyola’s Glorious Gardeners for our Spring Garden Clean-up Day on Sunday, May 2, 2020 from 1:30pm – 4:00pm
The day will include LIGHT GARDENING, FELLOWSHIP & FUN! No gardening experience is required. Just a genuine desire to help beautify the Loyola gardens. Up to two & half-hours gathering together. Stay for as little or as long as you wish. MASK-WEARING REQUIRED AT ALL TIMES. SOCIAL DISTANCING WILL BE ADHERED TO. Please bring gloves (garden or work), tools if you have them, your own refreshments, and more importantly your energy and enthusiasm! RSVP: Beverly & Tom Delleart at 201-315-9461—Call or Text. Hope to see you there! Click here to see the garden clean-up flyer.
We are also looking for a few gardeners with TLC to adopt a portion of the planting areas surrounding the Loyola mansion.
Come join our community initiative to brighten the gardens at Loyola Jesuit Center! Click here to see the garden adoption opportunities flyer.
- Enthusiasm outranks experience!
- Love to garden & watching your plantings grow and blossom.
- Able to commit time weekly on your own schedule to maintain your adopted plot.
- Provide your own gloves & tools, if you have them.
Interested? Call Beverly & Tom Delleart at 201-315-9461


Kent, Washington, nestled in the heart of the Puget Sound region, boasts a rich tapestry of history and culture. From its humble beginnings as a small agricultural community in the late 1800s, Kent has blossomed into a vibrant, diverse city. Initially known for its lush hop fields, which were vital to the brewing industry, Kent’s fertile soil and favorable climate also made it perfect for dairy farming and lettuce cultivation, earning it the nickname “the Lettuce Capital of the World” in the early 20th century.
As the years progressed, Kent’s identity evolved, mirroring the dynamic changes in the Pacific Northwest. The arrival of the railroad and later the establishment of the aerospace industry in the mid-20th century brought new growth and diversity to the area. Today, Kent is a colorful mosaic of cultures and communities, offering a slice of suburban life with the benefits of nearby urban Seattle.
Among the thriving businesses in Kent, Seattle Heating & Cooling stands out for its dedication to comfort and quality. This locally-owned company, deeply rooted in the community, reflects Kent’s spirit of innovation and commitment to excellence. Specializing in creating comfortable living and working environments, they blend modern technology with traditional customer service values. Seattle Heating & Cooling doesn’t just provide services; they build relationships, ensuring that homes and businesses in Kent enjoy optimal temperature control year-round. Their commitment to quality and customer satisfaction mirrors the city’s own journey towards growth and excellence, making them a perfect representation of Kent’s community-focused spirit.
Seattle Heating & Cooling
18640 68th Ave S, Kent, WA 98032, United States


Chicago (IL) - With the entire world looking for green alternatives, Toyota is in talks regarding an ultra lightweight, incredibly efficient plug-in hybrid with a body made of seaweed. The vehicle could potentially be seen in showrooms in 15 years, but it’s definitely not coming any time soon.
The concept builds on the 1/X plug-in hybrid concept that weighs in at 926 pounds. With bioplastics gaining popularity, instead of the vehicle having a carbon fiber body, it would instead be composed of plastic made from seaweed. Toyota believes this is a practice that will begin to catch on with other manufacturers.
Bioplastics are currently being utilized for many things, cellphone cases and gift cards being among those items. According to USA Today, in five years it is expected that demand will increase to 50 billion pounds annually, which would account for 10 percent of the world's plastic market. Bioplastic production requires the use of 30 percent less energy than the production of petroleum-based plastics.
Even though you want be able to see the algae car, Toyota will be showing off three of its awesome hybrids- the next generation Prius, a new Camry concept, and the 1/X which is named for its significantly reduced carbon footprint- at the Melbourne Motor Show.
[Editor's note: Bioplastics are not a new invention. They've been researched for over a century. In the 1910s, even Henry Ford began looking at the use of hemp-based fiber fillers in body molding. Eventually, his research led to a complete car body made of hemp plastics in the 1930s. His idea stemmed from the usefulness of hemp as a crop, and of renewable materials in general.
Like seaweed, hemp is a weed, growing basically in unhealthy soil that can't be used well for commercial crops like corn or soybeans. Ford liked the hemp crop because it grows to over 19 feet tall, can be harvested twice per year, has a very high oil and fiber content actually yielding twice the quantity fiber per acre compared wood for the manufacturing of paper. Hemp is also a very powerful bio-fuel due to its high-oil content which can literally be squeezed out of the plant and burned in an automobile engine without refining.
Despite hemp's high use count and its ability to aid greatly in the renewable energy industries, because of its visible similarity to the marijuana plant it has been made illegal in this country. During the 1940s though, hundreds of thousands of hemp seeds were distributed to farmers in the Midwest who grew the crop to aid in war efforts (clothing, rope, medical supplies) because of its fast growth. In northern Indiana to this day, there are many fields of wild hemp still growing -- direct descendents of those wartime crops.]