One of the ongoing problems in the wetlands is weeds. Because the soil is so fertile and moist, come the warm weather and we tend to be inundated by them. At present there are far more species of weeds than native plants, after all, not only were the wetlands left vacant for many decades, but there were several irrigated vegetable gardens there too, for such plants as alfalfa and carrots. And lets not forget that there were a few years in which the wetlands was used to house a small herd of Shetland ponies. One way to deal with weeds is broad-scale spraying with glyphosate in the form of bioactive Roundup or other appropriate herbicides.
While we try to minimise the application of herbicides, with 30 acres of land that contains a massive seed bed and with occasional floods that readily deposit even more, hand weeding is not an option in most places. That doesn’t mean we don’t try. Where our planted species occur, weeds readily grow, even through the thickest mulch. In these cases we use mattoacks and a range of weeding tools to physically remove the weeds and replace the mulch. As time goes on we know that many of our plants will provide root or shade competition to discourage new weeds from occurring. But in these early stages it is a weed’s paradise, after all weeds love disturbance best, and that is what we are up to at the moment. Where broad-scale weeding won’t work, we spot-spray in tight niches or where a few targeted weeds occur in relative isolation. One of our FROGS’ members has modified existing equipment to minimise wind drift and makes it his job to routinely and sequentially walk the wetlands, removing such culprits.
So what are our main weeds? There are too many to list in this space. Almost certainly worst is Chilean Needlegrass, This is a relative newcomer, having arrived in Goulburn around the early 2000s. It didn’t take long to establish itself in moist valleys and riversides. Soon a plant that many took to be the healthiest looking speargrass they ever saw covered thousands of acres, aggressively excluding most other plants in its path. The good news? Well, it is palatable to cattle and only has a relatively short seed life of about 3 years. The bad news is that it is incredibly invasive. In the wetlands we sowed several hectares to native grasses at great expense. The native grasses came up, but, despite having slashed, mowed and sprayed twice, so did Chilean Needlegrass and it was so vigorous it completely swallowed up the native grasses, only a tiny fraction which has been seen since. The other serious problem with needlegrass is that it sets seed in three parts of the plant: the seed head (well, you’d expect that), inside the stalk holding up the seedhead and, worse still, at the very base of the tussock. In other words, mowing has little or no effect on the spread of this species. The golf course beside us is largely mown needlegrass.
Below are some photos of typical weeds found during spring in the wetlands.


Welcome to T.G Polymers. We manufacture high quality Grow bag, Agro bag, Planting bag, HDPE woven sacks, PP Woven sacks, HM, HDPE, LD, LLDPE, Polythene Bags , Mulching Sheets , Sheets & Rolls.
Our products are used in various applications in the field of agriculture, aquaculture, floriculture and consumer textiles. All these products are available in wide range of sizes and colours with an option of UV protection. We offer a wide range of choice that address various pre harvest applications and post harvest packaging solutions.


The Land Board was established on January 16, 1990 on the basis of the Land Management Government of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Estonian SSR.
The State Land Board of the Republic of Estonia, then called, started working in the area of government of the Minister of Agriculture. On 16 July 1993, the Board was transferred to the area of government of the Ministry of the Environment by a regulation of the Government of the Republic.
At the establishment, our name was the State Land Board of the Republic of Estonia. Our institution has also been called the State Land Board, which was renamed the Land Board in December 1998.
The Land Board was established with the aim of ensuring the organization and more rational use of land use; to organize geodetic and cartographic works; introduce a unified land cadastre; to organize land valuation and control the introduction of land tax; to issue work permits for land management and land surveying; resolve land disputes, etc. After a while, the Land Board was also tasked with carrying out land reform, which became one of the most challenging tasks.
The leaders of the Land Board through the years
The government appointed Ago Soasepa, Deputy Minister of Agriculture, as the first Director General of the Land Board. Raivo Vallner, the former head of the land management government, started as the deputy head of the office, and from June 1991 he continued as the director general. In 1995–2006, the Director General of the Land Board was Kalev Kangur. From 2006 to the beginning of 2015, Raivo Vallner was the first Deputy Director General. From 23 February 2015, the Land Board is headed by Tambet Tiits as Director General.
Last updated: 14.09.2021


A Proud Granary for Over 2,000 Years
The Izumibashi Story
Izumibashi Sake Brewery was founded in 1857, during Japan’s Edo era.
Nestled in the heart of the Ebina heartland, Izumibashi has long taken advantage of the area’s natural bounty,
from abundant land for rice growing to the natural waterflow from Mt. Tanazawa.
To this day, we continue our growth as a cultivation brewery,
with respect for the rice-growing and sake-making skills those before us have passed down,
so that we might pass these traditions on to the generations to come.
The Origins of Our Name
The Izumibashi Sake Brewery rests in the center of the Ebina heartland, amidst the illuvial plains created by the great Sagami River.
Our company’s name, Izumibashi, comes from the agricultural land around us. Just north of the Izumibashi brewery runs the Izumikawa river that provides our fields with water. Combining the “Izumi” in Izumikawa and the first kanji character of our house name - Hashiba - Izumibashi Sake Brewery found its name.
The Cultivation Brewery’s Pledge
Founded in 1857, Izumibashi spent many years cultivating primarily table rice. Beginning in 1996, we shifted our focus to grow sake rice and began the Sagami Sake Rice Institute two years later in partnership with local producers in order to study and research sake rice growing.
In 2006, Izumibashi determined to focus singularly on junmai sake. In 2016, we registered as a cultivation brewery, making sake that respects the unique characteristics of our local environment.
Honoring Our Homeland
with the “Akatonbo”
The “Akatonbo,” the official mark of Izumibashi, reflects the image of a dragonfly soaring over the Izumibashi Sake Brewery’s rice fields. Visible from the brewery is Mt. Oyama, a respected landmark for the local people, and part of the mountain ranges of Tanzawa, where mineral rich waters flow beneath. This source of hard water – rare in Japan – lends itself to sake that is clear and rich in umami, bringing out the full flavors of the dishes it’s paired with.
Red dragonflies are a common sight in the autumn skies of our neighborhood, and we pledge to continue making great sake to pay our respects to our community and give thanks for its natural splendor.


We are concerned about sustainability, including climate change, world oil shortages, the rising cost of oil and food and how that will affect our area
Sustainable Thornbury (ST) is a community group for people in Thornbury and the nearby villages in South Gloucestershire. We are an official Transition Initiative.
ST wants to help make our community ready for the changes we expect in the future. We expect oil to become scarce and expensive. Transport relies on oil, so bringing goods from a long way away will cause problems and be expensive. For essentials like food, it makes sense to produce them locally.
We aim to be more energy efficient, and generate more of our energy locally. We want to grow more food locally and to eat more local food and waste less.
We need a strong community that feels able to do things for itself. We want to keep the good bits of technology but throw away the wasteful bits, the noise, the pollution, the traffic and the stress.
Caring about the future of our community in Thornbury and the surrounding villages!


It’s been a long time coming! Sorry for the radio silence guys- I hope everyone has kept up to date via my Facebook and Instagram posts. I’ve drafted this blog four times now and It’s probably worse than the original, so I’m just going to cut my losses and hope that this makes some kind of sense!
Before I go on, my deepest condolences to Debby, Georgia, Will and Cooper Hallyburton. Brad will be sorely missed and you are all in our hearts. Words are not enough to describe the pain felt by us and the wider community with this loss. Our strength and wishes are also with Rodney, Kelly, Fraser and Connor Oates- wishing Rod a speedy and full recovery!
So the past couple of months have seen a ton of progress here on site; with works in the hop yard, works on our harvest equipment and finalisation of our brewery building. Throw into the mix a trip to China for equipment inspection and a nasty bout of salmonella and it’s been a hell of a journey!
We’ve been pretty busy getting the hop yard and barley under control. All I can say is thank god it’s all done now(until harvest at least); 864 rhizomes in the ground from 12 varieties, upgraded fertigation, comprehensive nutrient management program as well as an ‘organic principles’ shot at ground covers/counter cropping along with two new age malt barley varietals in the ground. It’s been awesome fun reading and learning about these little babies, although the biggest lesson has been that seedlings and rabbits DON’T MIX WELL. I’ll leave that one there though. Rabbits aside, this gives us a great standing for the next season; our plan is to increase our hop yard from around 1.5 acres this year to nearly 5 next; this with the 12 varieties under plant, plus a few extras in the pipeline; things are looking good!
I’ve nearly finished construction of our hop dryer, utilising a 3kw industrial heater coupled with two standard bathroom vent fans and a series of drying racks, we are attempting to mimic a traditional oast on a much, much smaller scale. The idea is to dry the hops as quickly, but as gently as possible from a harvest content of 80-85% moisture, to a storage content of 8-12% moisture (varies by variety and p


Genetically Modified Crops and Food Security: Commercial, Ethical and Health Considerations (Earthscan Food and Agriculture) (Hardcover)
(This item cannot be returned.)
This book reviews a wide-range of genetically modified (GM) crops to understand how they are produced, the impacts on the agricultural industry, and their potential for improving food security.
The production of GM crops has now become an invaluable asset in the agricultural toolbox. With a significant portion of the world suffering from hunger and poverty, this book examines how food security can be achieved through GM crops. A wide variety of crops are examined, from the earliest developments of GM tomatoes and potatoes to recent interest in the development of low-cost, high yielding biofuels, such as microalgae. Chapters also discuss the role of GM crops in pest management and the consequential reduction in the use of insecticides. Overall, this book provides an important synthesis of GM crops from their commercial value to the agricultural industry, as well as their potential for improving food security.
This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of agricultural engineering, crop science, food biotechology, food security, and those interested in food and agriculture and sustainable development more broadly.
About the Author
Jasmeet Kour is an Assistant Professor (academic arrangement), Department of Food Science and Technology, Padma Shri Padma Sachdev, Govt PG College for Women Gandhi Nagar, Jammu-180003 Jammu & Kashmir, India.Vishal Sharma is presently working as Manager Industrial Estate at District Industries Centre, India. Imtiyaz Khanday is an Assistant Professor of Plant Reproductive Biology and also Director of Research at the Seed Biotechnology Center of the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of California, Davis, USA.


It takes a lot of work to grow the ideal garden. Aside from finding the right plants, the correct soil, and the proper care and conditioning to keep your greenery healthy, there’s also dealing with weeds. And while you can take care of weeds with a little pruning and some attention, there are more stubborn ones that need more effort to remove.
Some of these weeds can withstand your average weed remover, which is why you’ll need the strongest weed killer than you can find. These formulas are guaranteed to remove weeds of all kinds no matter how stubborn they are – from their leafy blossoms right down to their roots.
But strength isn’t all that you need from a strong weed killer. That’s why we’ve compiled this list of the most effective and strongest weed killers on the market: the ones that can remove your weeds and keep your beloved blooms pest free.
Compare-N-Save Concentrate Grass and Weed Killer
- The 7 Strongest Weed Killers Money Can Buy
The 7 Strongest Weed Killers Money Can Buy
While any of these weed killers can remove unwanted plants from your garden, you’ll have to be careful in their formula and application so they don’t harm your other plants. Keep your garden composition in mind when selecting the brand you’ll choose for the best results.
It’s cheap, it’s effective, and it comes in a 1-gallon bottle: the Compare-N-Save Weed Killer is a favorite of many a gardener that has a lot of unwanted plants to deal with. Here’s why it works so well.
Compare-N-Save is 41% glyphosate, one of the most effective herbicides that we’ve ever invented. Since it makes up almost half of this product’s formula means that it’s far more effective at removing stubborn weeds than others. Aside from garden work, it’s an excellent plant remover for other places like driveways and fences.
The ideal time to apply Compare-N-Save is during warm days, where the heat can kick-start the weed’s absorption. Once applied, the active glyphosate makes its way deep into the roots of the plant, removing it from the inside and making sure that it never grows again.
It’s also a concentrated mixture, so buying any bottle of Compare-N-Save goes a long way. Simply mix 3 tablespoons of the formula in 1 gallon of water, and you’ll have enough coverage for over 250 feet. For more stubborn plants, you can adjust the amount of formula you used to come up with an effective remover for every occasion.
Within 5 days, you’ll have a weed-clear garden any unwanted plants won’t visit for a long time. And if you’re worried about the rain washing away the formula before it works, Compare-N-Save can withstand those conditions within two hours of application. Just give it time to settle into the plant, and it’ll do the rest.
What’s great about this product is how fast it works. It’s one of the strongest weed killers available, with many a customer saying that a few repeat applications cleared their entire plot of weeds in less than a week. And because it’s a concentrate, it also provides good value for money compared to other brands.
However, it might be too strong for some gardens. Some reviews have mentioned that while Compare-N-Save does a great job in removing stubborn weeds, it can also kill plants that are caught in the application area. Delicate flowers such as jasmines are particularly vulnerable, and other plants like sage and thyme. If you’re keeping an herb garden, Compare-N-Save may not be the best choice.
But if you have a large infestation of weeds or are confident in your application, then Compare-N-Save Weed Killer is a powerful tool in any gardener’s arsenal to keep weeds at bay.
One of the common problems that weed killers have is that they’re made of very strong synthetic chemicals that can harm pets and children. For areas where your family regularly stays like the lawn or the backyard, Green Gobbler’s organic formula can help you eliminate unwanted growth while keeping it safe to use.
With its active ingredient made from vinegar, this weed killer can eliminate most broadleaf weeds on contact, with results in 5 days. It’s easy to apply: simply use the sprayer provided on the growth, and the formula will do the rest. It’s best suited for lawns and shrubbery – while the formula is strong, it can’t get rid of harder to reach areas like hairline cracks in patios or brick walls.
Be careful to not spray it on other plants. Since it’s a natural formulation, it doesn’t discriminate between weeds and healthy shrubs, as it will start dissolving organic matter on contact. You should also take care when applying it since the higher concentration of vinegar can cause irritation if your skin touches it.
It’s one of the few herbicides approved by the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) which makes it ideal for small-scale agricultural applications like vegetable patches and herb gardens. You can also dilute the mixture so more delicate plants in the area won’t be affected, making a great cost-effective purchase for home gardens.
One concern with using this product is that it can cause staining if applied too frequently on some solid surfaces. It also needs repeat application to keep weeds away, so expect to go through multiple bottles a year. The best time to apply Green Gobbler would be on a sunny day or warm conditions, as the vinegar concentrate can be easily washed away by humidity and rain.
Keep in mind that this is designed as a surface herbicide – it won’t work against germinating weeds like crabgrass. The strong vinegar concentrate can also disrupt the natural pH levels of soil if applied in large doses, so check if your plants can tolerate the increased acidity.
Overall, if you want an environmentally-friendly weed killer that uses organic ingredients and won’t be poisonous to pets and children, Green Gobbler is a good choice. While it’s not as strong as chemical-based herbicides, it does a good job at removing unwanted growth without jeopardizing the health of non-plant life in the area.
For those that want a clean, manicured lawn, keeping stubborn growths like crabgrass and bluegrass has never been easier with Quali-Pro Prodiamine 65 WDG. With regular application and the right timing, this potent weed killer can get rid of weeds before they even appear.
That’s because they have formulated it as a pre-emergent herbicide – targeting germinating weeds that can be difficult to remove once it grows with your grass. While it requires application BEFORE the weeds grow for the best results, the speed and the strength of this formula makes it one of the strongest weed killers for lawns and other grassy areas.
Composed of 65% prodiamine, this herbicide is best applied in the spring and fall, right before troublesome weeds blossom in the summer and winter. It’s long-lasting enough to repel weeds for an entire season, yet flexible enough that it can be immediately applied once you gain a plot that needs pre-germination weed removal.
Prodiamine 65 casts a wide net with weeds that it can catch, with over 25 different varieties. It doesn’t stain your grass and stays once it’s applied in your plot: the low solubility of the solution allows it burrow deep into the soil to target seed pods before they germinate.
While it’s tough on weeds, it’s soft on grass, even with more delicate varieties like Fescue and St. Augustine. Most common turf grasses can go through repeat applications just fine since the active ingredient is ¼ lower than other pre-emergent weed killers.
It’s also extremely cost-effective even for large lawns: all you need is 1 to 2.5 tablespoons for every 1000 square feet, and it can keep weeds at bay for 3 to 8 months. You can also apply it to landscape gardens, Christmas tree farms, and other ornamental plots that require large tracts of soil and regular weed control.
Take note that since it has such a high concentration of its active ingredient, it’s not safe for immediate application in areas that see a lot of human traffic such as herb gardens and golf courses. While ingesting this herbicide won’t be fatal, prolonged exposure could present several health hazards.
This also means that you need to be careful with applying Prodiamine 65. Do not disperse it through an irrigation system without supervision from a professional. Applying it to dry fertilizer can also affect the nutritional component of the natural bacteria in the soil, reducing its effectiveness.
If you want a thorough pre and post-emergent herbicide, few brands do it better than Tenacity Turf. While less suited to more delicate grass turfs than other brands on this list, its powerful formula guarantees the removal of stubborn weeds while keeping your grass intact.
You apply Tenacity Turf in two batches: the first as a pre-emergent herbicide that targets seed pods in your turf and inhibits their growth. Since the active formula is lower than other products, it also makes these weeds more susceptible to other methods of removal, further guaranteeing the safety of your grass turf. Weeds absorb the herbicide as they emerge from the soil, inhibiting growth.
The second application (done after two to three weeks of pre-emergence activity) improves weed control by finishing the already weakened weed growth. If there are any patches that have made it through the first application, the foliage is far less spread out which makes direct removal effective.
Many gardeners use Tenacity Turf as an alternative to reseeding grass turf since the formula is strong enough to target weeds yet gentle enough to leave the grass alone. While this creates some empty zones in lawns (especially those that had a high concentration of weed) the formula doesn’t interfere with your turf grass’s natural reseeding.
It’s also one of the few herbicides that are activated via water, which makes it ideal for application in colder or wetter weather. In hot conditions, we advise that you irrigate the applied areas with a light showering of water for the herbicide to soak in the ground. Otherwise, the weeds will germinate without taking in the active component of the herbicide, making your application useless.
What we like about this brand is that it’s effective against an assortment of grass weeds like clover and nutsedge, even if multiple swathes of them are present in one area. It takes a little under a week for pre-emergence application to take effect, killing the largest concentration of weeds – while the post-emergence application can take care of the rest.
As effective as it is, the one problem that Tenacity Turf has is the relatively high price compared to other brands. While this is an essential investment for properties that put a lot of emphasis on their greenery, it may be too expensive for the casual gardener. However, as it’s a concentrated mix, it can last for repeat applications before you need to buy another batch.
Ortho GroundClear is the option you pick when you want to clear an area of all vegetation without using fire. It’s not only one of the strongest weed killers out there – with one to three regular applications, this product can also clean any area of vegetation up to a year.
Apply it on surfaces where you don’t want any plants at all like driveways, patios, garden walls, and fences. It comes in several easy-to-apply bottles from wands to sprinkle caps, while the strong concentrate means that a little bit of it goes a long way. The soluble formula gets into hard-to-reach places like hairline cracks and mortar, which makes it ideal for a lot of brick or gravel fixtures.
Ortho GroundClear can give you visible results in as little as 10 hours, with permanent removal within a few days. Depending on the severity of the vegetation, it can take up to two weeks to clean out the area, but no vegetation will grow in these areas for up to a year. You need proper care and accuracy during the application, as this product can get into the areas you’re trying to protect.
What makes Ortho GroundClear so powerful is also its greatest weakness, as you can’t apply it in a wide area, unlike other weed killers. It’s a nuclear option when dealing with weeds and vegetation, as it will kill any plant life that it comes into contact with; it inhibits growth when sprayed on the ground.
Since the active ingredient is so strong, we advise caution when applying Ortho GroundClear if there are children or pets in the property. Ingestion of this product can be fatal, especially for small animals and other wildlife. Consult your local zoning ordinance if you live in a protected area, as applying this product may have unintended consequences on the flora and fauna.
It’s important to note that diluting this product in any way inhibits its effectiveness, so the immediate cost-effectiveness is lower compared to other weed killers. However, the strength of the formula and the time required between reapplications balance out cost. It’s ideal for heavy vegetation that needs to be cleared and kept at bay, not for general application.
Ortho GroundClear works as a great substitute for weed whackers, as you can spray this formula over these areas. If you have a property that needs regular cleaning of vegetation (for aesthetic or safety reasons), this is the strongest weed killer that you can get.
This is a brand that needs no introduction, as it’s been around since the 1970s. The weed killer of choice for many vegetable gardens around the world, it’s effective in getting rid of common weeds while leaving your plants untouched.
It’s best used in settings that require regular weed control like agricultural plots or herb gardens since the active ingredient is less effective in grassy areas like lawns or ornamental gardens. The active ingredient is glyphosate, a natural growth inhibitor for plants and other microorganisms, which is why this product is trusted by many gardeners and farmers.
RoundUp works even better with GMO plants resistant to glyphosate, allowing larger and more frequent applications for more stubborn forms of weeds. However, it needs special application methods for the best results, since it can also affect other kinds of plant life – flowers are vulnerable to this formula.
One reason we’d recommend RoundUp is that it’s readily available: most supermarkets and almost all hardware stores carry a bottle or two. It also comes in easy to spray and concentrate forms, though we don’t recommend diluting it with water since it takes away from the effectiveness of the formula.
It has a lower glyphosate concentration than other brands, which makes it safe for the environment. However, we advise that you keep it away from children and animals, as it can cause irritation and sickness. And while the active ingredient has been marked safe for application on vegetables and crops, the other inert ingredients may pose further risks to your health.
It also has limited effectiveness depending on the specific plant. While it can target the most common forms of weed like kudzu and poison ivy (with visible results as early as a day), more resilient plants like mint will require multiple applications over three weeks to remove.
However, it’s one of the few brands which are rainproof within 10 minutes of application and works well in dry conditions. The best way to use this formula is to spray it on full-grown weeds, as immature weeds will only absorb it via the foliage and not the root. With proper use, it also clears out garden paths and patios of weeds for up to a year after application.
If you want a general, all-purpose herbicide, RoundUp is one of the strongest weed killers that can get the job done. While its effectiveness is limited by where and how much you can spray it, it works well vegetation remover that won’t affect soil quality.
Do you have roots in your piping? There’s only one tried-and-tested solution that can unblock your pipes without calling in the aid of a professional – the Roebic Laboratories K77 Root Killer. Able to remove the most stubborn of roots from your sewer pipes and other drainage systems, it also keeps them away for up to a year after application. One of the strongest weed killers with roots, this product can help save hundreds of dollars in repair and unclogging services.
The K77 Root Killer is one of the most effective formulas on the market removing up to 90% of roots in a blocked drainage system. All you need is to pour the solution in the blocked area (either your bathroom or your kitchen) and you’ll never need another plumbing auger again.
The active ingredient in this weed killer doesn’t just take care of roots – it can also help unclog other debris and plant matter from the piping. Since it’s a chemical application, it can also get into the hairline cracks where most roots take hold, removing all entry points and keeping them clear for months afterward.
Unlike manual root removal, K77 doesn’t damage the interior of your pipes. It’s even safe to use with septic tanks, as the formula only affects organic growth. Aside from dissolving and unclogging the roots from the pipe system, it also seals the dead root’s point of entry, inhibiting regrowth. As a non-corrosive liquid, it can be applied to any piping system without the risk of structural failure, even with repeat applications.
While this is an effective weed killer, the lack of availability might be a barrier to many people who want to use it. K-77 is not available in some states and bay areas and is banned for use for septic tanks in Florida. However, for old houses close to long-standing trees and plenty of vegetation, it’s the ideal weed killer to use that doesn’t harm the existing plumbing system or the aboveground vegetation.
Note that the K77 Root Killer can only get rid of roots within the plumbing system. If the root of your troubles extends aboveground, the exposed air can render the formula ineffective. Fortunately, the weed removal process doesn’t affect the tree itself, since the formula doesn’t travel up the root system.
If you want a long-term solution to roots in your plumbing without the cost of digging and rooting services, the Roebic Laboratories K77 Root Killer is your best option.
What To Consider When Choosing The Strongest Weed Killer
While these herbicides are powerful formulas, it’s important to understand that they aren’t a one-all solution. Depending on the growth that you’re facing, one kind of weed (or application method) may work better than others. Here are things that you should keep in mind.
The Kind Of Weed
Some weeds are best removed before they grow too big, while others you can only remove once they mature and the root systems develop. Understanding the weed that you’re trying to remove can help you decide which herbicide to get for the best results. There are some general herbicides that can remove most kinds of weeds, while other brands are tailor made to take down certain varieties.
The Area Of Application
Are you spraying on a sidewalk or fence, or are you trying to remove growth around a flower patch? Depending on the area that needs weed removal, get a product that you can apply with some accuracy. Fortunately, a lot of weed killers come in bottles that have attachments like wands or sprinkle caps that make application easier. If you need more control, you can buy automated or manual sprinkler systems.
The Concentrate Ratio
Each weed killer has an active ingredient that allows it to remove vegetation, with higher concentrations giving faster results. It’s important to keep in mind that the higher the concentration, the more precautions you’ll have to take applying it. The ratio of concentrate also affects how much of it you can dilute, which gives you more flexibility in application. You can either adjust it so it doesn’t harm other plants in the area or add more of it for a more thorough removal.
Other Plants In The Area
Weed killers can either target a specific plant and leave nothing else behind, or it can be a blanket formula that kills all vegetation. Recent improvements in farming and horticulture mean that there’s less chance that your plants are sensitive to weed killers, but you still need to take care of how you apply it herbicide if it’s a strong formula. Before buying any kind of weed killer, check if the plants can withstand its application, especially if they’re within proximity of the affected area.
Weather And Seasonal Shifts
There are some conditions that can be ideal for different weed killers: for example, pre-germination herbicides work best in the spring and fall, while general herbicides can work year-round. Conditions like rain or heat can either improve or lessen the effects of the weed killer you’ll be using, so always consult the packaging for additional info.
Prevention Vs. Elimination
If you’re unsure about the weed you’re dealing with, a good standard to use is whether you’re trying to prevent it from growing or removing it from the area. For weeds that regularly spring up in one area such as crabgrass, pre-emergence herbicide is your best option. If the weeds have already grown, post-emergence herbicide can enter through their foliage and run to their roots to kill their growth.
It’s impossible to achieve a 100% weed-free garden – even the strongest weed killers can only inhibit growth for up to a year. Some weeds also remain dormant for a long time, only being activated in sunlight and moisture. Here, choosing a weed killer that can penetrate the ground layer is your best bet, as they can kill the seed pods even before you dig up the soil.
Better Growths For A Better Garden
Left unattended, weeds can cause a lot of trouble aside from making the area look overgrown and messy. The next time you encounter a particularly stubborn patch of weeds growing where it shouldn’t, these weed killers are the perfect tool for you to deal with them!
While weeds will always be an ever-present possibility that we’ll have to deal with, the strongest weed killer can help keep this problem at bay for a long time. The important thing is to be vigilant and knowledgeable about the weed you’re facing, so you can choose the best herbicide to give you the results you want in record time.
A weedless area means you’ll have less gardening and maintenance work to do, freeing up your resources for something more worth your time. With the proper weed killer on hand, you can spend the rest of your days weed-free!


You don't have to spend hours working on your lawn to keep it healthy and beautiful. All you need to do is turn to American Dream Landscape & Estate Management.
Our sod installers handle installations, repairs and replacements for sod lawns. Clients in Orlando, FL and surrounding areas can choose from a wide range of brands to find the perfect sod that will work best for their lawn.
Call 321-732-1517 now for a free estimate on our sod installation services.
You won't regret scheduling sod installation services once you see how much it can help your ailing lawn. There are many benefits to choosing sod, including...


ROVA|FSK Chicken Feeder
Automated Chicken Feeding System
Keep those feeders full with the ROVA|FSK, our automatic feeding system.
With flexibility in mind, we’ve designed a system that can be easily adjusted to your growing flock. We’ve also added multiple safety features so you can rest assured that your system turns off in the event of a blockage.
Kit-based automated feeding system so you can start your chickens or turkeys in a separate building and still take advantage of this time-saving automation.
Our automatic chicken feeder includes:
- 90kg/200lbs galvanized feed bin
- Caster feed bin stand
- Hand-crank for lifting and manually turning the auger
- Customizable feed pans
- Feedline and auger screw
- Intuitive instruction manual


Rapeseed is BIG money now in the UK and Ireland and many of the local farmers seem to be growing it in preference to all other crops. Leaving aside its visual beauty, the crop has other far less attractive impacts, as those amongst us that suffer with hayfever will tell you only too well! Additionally, after the crop is harvested. our homes and gardens are usually infested with swarms of tiny homeless insects (we call them thunderfly) that often decide to take up residence in the oddest of places; it is not unusual to see them under the cover glass of paintings and photographs and even under the seams of wallpaper!
This 10-15 minute watercolour was developed from a sketch I did in pastel pencil recently whilst on a local bus route that passes alongside fields of rapeseed. The stark yellow of the field is punctuated by the swathes of green from the growth below and heightened by the dulled ultramarine blue of a blustery Cambridgeshire sky above. The small roundish trees and hedgerow of the field boundary are dwarfed by the distant line of giant poplar trees of a neighbouring field, planted by farmers as a frail windbreak against the cold, brisk winds that blow almost totally unhindered across this flattest of lands from the North Sea.
|Liquid Gold, watercolour and watercolour pencil on Langton 140lb Rough, A4|


Dear fellow blogger as I post this today (12 May), along with many of you I am still having problems with leaving comments on so many blogs. Many of you have kindly suggested ways in which this situation may be fixed but alas not for me (and I suspect many others), it is very frustrating, and I hope that blogger will sort it out soon, refer to this post here
In the meantime I hope you may enjoy todays post about parsley …
Growing your own produce is increasingly popular these days. If you’re keen to give it a go but are a bit apprehensive about your gardening skills, herbs are a good way to get started and they’re instantly rewarding. You can buy a small pot at the nursery, plant it and harvest (just a little bit) immediately. And if that’s not enough to convince you, the other big pluses of herbs are that they’ll grow just about anywhere and thrive with hot weather and sunshine.
You don’t need a purpose-built herb garden. You can plant your herbs in a pot, trough or window-box, or pop some in among other plants in the garden.
One of the best herbs to begin with is parsley. You can buy it in punnets or small pots, but it’s also extremely easy (and cheap) to grow from seed.
If you have a reasonable soil that holds moisture, just make a shallow furrow in damp soil, and sprinkle in some seeds. Alternatively, fill a punnet with potting mix and sow a few parsley seeds, then transplant when the seedlings are large enough to handle.
Parsley shoots in three to four weeks, so you won’t need to wait long to see results. Hand-weed and watch out for hungry slugs or snails. Also, keep the soil moist by watering gently with a watering can with a large rose, or use a gentle setting on the hose nozzle so as not to disturb the new seedlings.
Although parsley is a herb, it can also be used decoratively in the garden. It makes an attractive border plant, perfect for edging a sunny part of the ornamental garden or even the vegie patch.
When well-grown, parsley lasts for many months.
Parsley is rich in antioxidants and nutrients like vitamins A, K, and C, parsley may improve blood sugar and support heart, kidney, and bone health. What’s more, this herb can easily be added to many tasty dishes. Parsley stays fresh for up to two weeks, whereas dried parsley may last up to a year. Adding parsley to your diet can boost your health while adding flavour to your favourite recipes.
Do you grow your own parsley?
As regular readers know, this blog is presented in a magazine style – we hope something for everyone. You will find a variety of articles, studies, thoughts, photographs, music and recipes! However, not all the recipes ideas featured in this blog may be suitable for you. If you may have any food allergies, or underlying health issues these must always be taken into account. If you are a diabetic and not sure how certain foods may affect your blood sugars, test is best, i.e. use your meter.
All the best Jan


As opposed to adhering your finger into the dirt to evaluate if it’s time for watering, a dampness gauge will certainly let you understand by delivering a genuine reading. These devices are actually easy to use as well as a valuable tool for those that have plants with deep roots that can’t conveniently be actually reached out to by fingers. fuktmätare för odling av växter
Exactly how to Make use of
The simple, low-cost dirt humidity gauge is one of one of the most valuable resources you can use to help ensure that your veggies as well as blossoms are receiving the correct amount of water. Unlike the outdated hands examination, which provides simply a really vague tip of the circumstances of the root device below ground, a dampness meter offers a constant review of your expanding channel and permits you recognize when it’s opportunity to water as well as when to postpone.
The manner in which these little gizmos job is actually that the tip of a metallic probe (commonly copper, however it may be plastic at the same time) is actually connected to a digital sensing unit which measures conductivity. Ground with water in it is actually a good conductor of electrical energy, while completely dry dirt is an extremely poor conductor. Through evaluating the conductivity of your ground you can say to whether it’s wet or dry out, depending on to Laidback Garden enthusiast.
The main thing to remember when using a dampness gauge is that the tips of the probing aren’t designed to copulate in to the dirt; requiring the probing much deeper than it need to go can easily wreck or crack it. Moreover, don’t try dunking the meter in a cup of water to check it; doing so could infect the reading or maybe create the gauge to breakdown.
What to Look For
Soil dampness meters may be helpful tools for determining whether your plants require additional water. Having said that, it is necessary to know just how to utilize all of them effectively so you don’t by mistake over or under water your plants. To receive an accurate analysis you are going to need to push the sensing unit, which lies in the recommendation of the meter, into the soil. As a whole you must intend to place it pair of thirds of the way down right into the soil. This will definitely guarantee that you are evaluating for the amount of water required through a lot of vegetation origins. poledance stång hemma
Dampness gauges function through evaluating the conductance of the dirt. Dry ground possesses little conductance and also is going to as a result offer a reduced reading, whereas damp soil will definitely have a considerably greater reading as it is actually largely constructed from water. The composition of the soil and various other variables such as plant food sodiums can easily affect this analysis. For this reason, you need to constantly inspect the results of your moisture meter along with your hands too.
Rubber trees and exotics like to possess dry out dirt so you would certainly prefer to water all of them when the meter is revealing a reading of 1 or 2. However, Boston brushes, philodendrons, and calatheas choose to possess somewhat damp soil and also needs to be actually watered when the meter goes through in between 4 and also 7. Constantly clean the probing tidy after each exam and never leave it in the dirt for days at once as this can ruin the sensor.
Just how to Obtain an Accurate Reading
A number of the inexpensive humidity meters you view in landscape centers operate well when they are actually brand new, yet in time they may start to offer imprecise readings. According to Flower Sprouts and Relaxed Garden Enthusiast, this is actually because in time, hard faucet water and also plant food salts build up in the ground. This alters the conductivity of the dirt, which is what these devices procedure. riskokare
It is essential to gently push the metallic probing inside the ground to ensure 4/5 of it is actually within. If you fulfill protection, try a different spot in the pot. It might take 60 seconds or additional for the device to locate soil moisture and feature a result in the meter carton.
The lead to the gauge carton are actually loved one, implying it won’t inform you when to water your plants. You’ll need to interpret all of them based upon the water choices of each plant. As an example, succulents as well as cacti like drier soil, while plants like maidenhair brushes and also fiddle fallen leave figs demand somewhat moist ground.
Always keep in mind that conductivity differs based on the kind of soil. This is actually why it is actually absolute best to review a humidity meter’s results to the details on your plant treatment memory card or even to think the soil manually for reference.
Just how to Interpret the Outcomes
The arise from a ground wetness gauge may be complicated to translate. Through observing these easy ideas you can utilize the meter as a tool to assist you sprinkle your plants in the very most efficient way achievable.
A lot of meters work by measuring the conductivity of the dirt. Soil that has the capacity to hold water will definitely give a much higher reading, while dry out soil will certainly lead to a lesser one. Dirt that contains a high volume of salt or plant foods will certainly also result in unreliable readings.
It is very important to stick the probe down into the ground regarding possible to get a correct analysis. If you may drive it in quickly, this suggests that the best coating of the ground is actually damp, but the root degree is actually certainly not. This is a good indication that the plant needs to be watered.
Stay clear of making use of the meter through dousing it into a mug of water as this can trigger the probe to come to be damaged. It is actually additionally encouraged that you clean the gauge after each usage. Accomplishing this are going to make certain that the gauge remains in good condition for longer and that you are receiving exact readings each opportunity you utilize it.
Dirt moisture meters may make it a lot easier to understand when your flowers, veggies and annual shade demand water. By utilizing a meter, you can easily take the guess work away from irrigating your plants, saving you each money and time.
Soil with water in it is actually a great conductor of electric energy, while completely dry dirt is actually an exceptionally bad conductor. Soil humidity meters can easily be actually practical devices for calculating whether your vegetations need more water. Dry soil has little conductance and is going to for that reason give a low analysis, whereas damp ground will definitely possess a much greater analysis as it is actually mainly created of water. Succulents and also cacti prefer drier soil, while vegetations like maidenhair brushes and fiddle leaf figs need somewhat damp soil.
Dirt that is able to keep water will certainly give a greater analysis, while dry out dirt will result in a lesser one.


- 1 When should I plant indoor seeds?
- 2 Should you soak seeds before planting?
- 3 When can you start planting in Vermont?
- 4 When should I plant tomatoes in Vermont?
- 5 When can you plant carrots in Vermont?
- 6 How do you start seeds indoors?
- 7 How do you speed up seed germination?
- 8 Should seeds float or sink?
- 9 Why won’t my seeds germinate in paper towel?
- 10 Can I use egg cartons to start seeds?
- 11 What do I do after my seeds sprout?
When should I plant indoor seeds?
When to Start Seeds Indoors As a general rule, most annual vegetables should be sown indoors about six weeks before the last frost in your area.
Should you soak seeds before planting?
Soaking seeds before planting helps you to break down the seed’s natural defenses against what it expects from Mother Nature, which then allows it to germinate faster. Another reason is that while Mother Nature actively assaults seeds, she also gave those seeds an internal gauge to help them know when they should grow.
When can you start planting in Vermont?
When to start? Plants should be about 6 to 8 weeks old when they go into the garden, depending on the weather. That means starting them indoors in mid-March or early April. (See list on the other side for seeds that should be planted directly in the garden.)
When should I plant tomatoes in Vermont?
Tomato seedlings work best when they are small and stocky. Start tomatoes in early April with a transplant date somewhere towards the end of May.
When can you plant carrots in Vermont?
One crop that is good to sow now is carrots. Plant fall-maturing carrots eight to 10 weeks before the first killing frost to get a good harvest. The first step is to remember to plant. The second is to clean out some room for planting, preferably in a raised bed on compost amended soil.
How do you start seeds indoors?
How to Start Vegetable Seeds Indoors
- Purchase your seeds from a trusted source.
- Pot with seed-starting mix.
- Make sure your containers have drainage holes.
- Plant seeds at the proper depth.
- After sowing, set the containers in a warm location.
- Keep seed-starting mix moist.
How do you speed up seed germination?
One easy way to make seeds germinate faster is to presoak them for 24 hours in a shallow container filled with hot tap water. Water will penetrate the seed coat and cause the embryos inside to plump up. Don’t soak them for longer than 24 hours because they could rot. Plant the seeds immediately in moist soil.
Should seeds float or sink?
Water test: Take your seeds and put them in a container of water. Let them sit for about 15 minutes. Then if the seeds sink, they are still viable; if they float, they most likely will not sprout.
Why won’t my seeds germinate in paper towel?
Moisture. Did you forget about your seeds for a day or two, and return to a largely dried-out paper towel? This is one reason a single seed out of a whole pack could fail to germinate, since the moisture on the towel might have been absorbed and evaporated at different rates across the plate.
Can I use egg cartons to start seeds?
You can use egg cartons as a seed-starting tray! Depending on the type of carton you have, you can even cut apart the individual sections and plant them, as the carton will biodegrade. Be sure to poke small holes for drainage, and put the cartons on a tray or in a shallow pan to catch any residual water.
What do I do after my seeds sprout?
Fill the containers and pack the soil firmly to eliminate gaps. Remember that most mixes contain few, if any, nutrients, so you’ll need to feed the seedlings with liquid fertilizer a few weeks after they germinate, and continue until you transplant them into the garden.


The winter months mean chilly wind, cozy blankets, hot cocoa, and warm fires. Many people may enjoy the cold weather, but the lower temperatures make it hard for your backyard plants to thrive. So how do you help your plants stay alive this winter? Use these tips to maintain your winter garden!
During the winter, sunlight is scarce, and the days are short. To make sure your backyard plants take full benefit of the little light they have, it is essential to keep the leaves of your plants clean and dust-free. Every couple weeks, consider wiping accumulated dust and grime off the leaves, leaving your plants looking good. Also, make an effort to remove the dead and infected parts of plants to avoid harboring fungus or insect eggs that further infect the rest of the plant.
When it comes to watering your plants during the winter, remember to leave them unattended – at least most of the time. The evaporation rate of soil-moisture is lower during the colder months. So the frequency of watering your plants must automatically be reduced. Plants require most water during warmer months when they actively grow, as water helps the roots absorb nutrients from the soil. For that reason, allow your backyard soil to dry out entirely before watering the plants again in the winter.
Winter is the leaner season for the growth of your plants. Hence, your plants don’t need a lot of nutrients to survive when they are not actively growing. Feeding is necessary only during the spring and summer months. Over-fertilizing your plants can lead to issues like yellowing and wilting of leaves, brown tips and margins on leaves, defoliation, reduced flowering, and even plant death. If you do fertilize, it must be done sparingly. The fertilizer must be diluted by 50 percent or more. You may begin fertilizing again once you witness the plant setting new growth (usually in late February or March).
As large shrubs and small trees turn dormant during the winter, it’s best to transplant them at this time. Go ahead and start digging after the last leaf descends before the ground freezes. Don’t worry! Your garden plants will have sufficient time to settle in and get comfortable in their new soil before the warmer months kick in.
There’s always maintenance to do in landscaping, even in the winter months. The offseason is the perfect time to maintain fencing or install in new ones, as much of the landscape go dormant at this time, causing less damage to your plants. If you have bushes or roses adjacent to where the fence will be installed, they can be cut down or relocated during their dormancy without initiating long-term damage.
Get in touch with Ken Shadle Aluminium Products Inc. for high-quality aluminum fencing, railing, decking, and other home improvement projects.


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We have completed the irrigation project for the first 18 hectares of berries.
Our company relies on this irrigation system because the water is used efficiently, in a desired quantity, with minimal waste.
This irrigation system allows watering large areas with much smaller quantities of water Also, there is the possibility to control and adjust the amount of water on each row or even each plant separately. Nevertheless, this system offers reduced costs compared to other types of systems. In the spring of 2020 we will begin the irrigation works by dripping these land surfaces.
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Located just north of Whitney and White Bluff, this rural property has lots to offer. Originally this property was 109 acres. The owner is retaining 26 acres of the northwest corner and is selling the remaining 84.04 acres. She has excavated the landscape from HCR 1212, along the southern portion of the property boundary to provide access to the rest of the property. Right now, it is being cultivated in a hay pasture until the end of the year. This cropland could stay in ag exemption or you could use it for residential, recreational, or investment purposes. There are a lot of possibilties with that much land. Owner does want to retain minerals and has imposed minimal deed restrictions.
TBD HCR 1212, Blum, Texas
- Oak Trees
- Whitetail Deer
|Address||TBD HCR 1212, Blum, Texas|


Sequoia Capital is one of the world’s most renowned venture capital firms, with a portfolio of investments that includes Airbnb, Google, and WhatsApp. masstamilan Founded in 1972, the company has helped shape the tech industry as we know it today. In 2022, Sequoia Capital made headlines once again when it announced its investment of $26 million in Mascarenhas TechCrunch, a startup based in the Indian state of Karnataka.
The Mascarenhas TechCrunch is a platform that myvuhub connects Indian farmers with consumers in urban areas. The startup aims to improve the supply chain of agricultural products by cutting out the middlemen and directly connecting farmers with consumers. This approach not only benefits the farmers by providing them with better prices for their produce, but it also benefits consumers by giving them access to fresh, healthy, and locally grown food.
Sequoia Capital’s investment in Mascarenhas TechCrunch is yareel not surprising given the firm’s history of investing in startups that have the potential to disrupt industries. The firm has a reputation for backing innovative ideas and visionary entrepreneurs. Sequoia’s investment is a testament to the potential of the platform and the confidence the firm has in the team behind it.
The investment is also teachertn significant because it marks Sequoia Capital’s first major investment in an agriculture-focused startup in India. This move is indicative of the firm’s broader investment strategy, which is to focus on startups that are solving problems in sectors that are ripe for disruption. With India being one of the largest agricultural producers in the world, the country presents a significant opportunity for startups that are looking to improve the agriculture industry.
Sequoia Capital’s investment in Mascarenhas TechCrunch is also a pagalsongs sign of the growing interest in Indian startups by global venture capital firms. The Indian startup ecosystem has grown rapidly in recent years, with startups in the country raising a record $38.3 billion in funding in 2021. This growth has been fueled by a combination of factors, including a large and growing market, a young and tech-savvy population, and a favorable regulatory environment.
The investment in Mascarenhas TechCrunch is a testament to the fact that Indian startups are now being seen as serious players on the global stage. With the backing of a firm like Sequoia Capital, startups in India have the resources and support they need to take on the world.
However, the investment also raises questions about the potential impact of technology on the agriculture industry. While the Mascarenhas TechCrunch platform has the potential to improve the lives of farmers and consumers, it also has the potential to disrupt traditional supply chains and farming practices. As with any disruptive technology, there are both risks and opportunities associated with its adoption.
Sequoia Capital’s investment in Mascarenhas TechCrunch is a significant development for the Indian startup ecosystem and the agriculture industry as a whole. It is a testament to the potential of innovative startups in India and the growing interest in the country’s startup ecosystem by global venture capital firms. However, it also highlights the potential risks and opportunities associated with disruptive technologies and the need for careful consideration of their impact on traditional industries.
In conclusion, the gathering of the 26M Series in the Mascarenhas TechCrunch by Sequoia Capital marks an important moment in the evolution of the Indian startup ecosystem. The investment is a sign of the growing interest in Indian startups by global venture capital firms and the potential of disruptive technologies to improve traditional industries. However, it also underscores the need for caution and thoughtful consideration of the potential risks and opportunities associated with these technologies.


On April 27, 2017 –Workshop at the Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy after V.M. Kokova (Nalchik city)
On April 27, 2017 the Workshop “Topical issues of state accreditation of educational activities. The requirements to a study program (based on the intergraded group of specialties Agriculture and Agricultural sciences as an example)” was held in Nalchik city, the North Caucasian Federal District.
The Workshop was hosted by the Kabardino-Balkarian State Agricultural Academy after V.M. Kokova.
The program of the workshop covered the issues of a HEI’s preparation for state accreditation using the example of agricultural universities and external review of study programs from the intergraded group of specialties and fields of training Agriculture and Agricultural sciences.
The workshop was attended by a representative from the Ministry of Agriculture of the RF in the person of Tatyana Y. Chausyanskaya – the Head of the Education Department of the Science and Technology Policy and Education Department; NAA’s heads and leading specialists; universities’ rectors.
The workshop participants received a set of methodological materials and certificates.
During the workshop the Accreditation Commission of Rosobrnadzor held its meeting on evaluation of qualifications of candidates applying for the establishment of the powers of experts, involved in carrying out external reviews of educational organizations.
Новости КБР от 27-04-2017 г


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How to Prune Your Hydrangeas
First, Why Is Pruning Necessary?People always hate pruning their plants back, especially when you are cutting your plants back to what seems like almost nothing. But every time you cut off a single stem it will branch and produce two or more new stems right below that cut. Then the next time you prune you will cut back those two new stems to about three inches long and again get two branches on each, or four total. Then next time you prune those to about three inches and get eight stems and so forth. The earlier you start pruning plants back hard the better because you want that heavy branching to be low down on the plant to get a nice rounded look. If you wait to start pruning until plants are very large then you end up with very few low branches and lots of short nubby stems up top. For Hydrangea plants, we have found that cutting plants back hard to only about six inches tall is a much better alternative to selective pruning because plants end up more evenly rounded despite your tedious clipping. Plus you can prune the whole plant in about 40 seconds when cutting them back hard rather than in twenty minutes when cutting stem by stem. Hard pruning is how we prune almost all plants at our nursery and they always look great with full, rounded forms. In fact, small Hydrangea plants (and most other woody shrubs as well) that we are only growing up to larger sizes and flowering is not important get pruned back like this three or four times a year to maximize dense branching.
After a few years of hard pruning your plants will be very dense down low and you can switch to just pruning the outside to maintain an ideal shape. All you really need to do is cut back portions that are growing disproportionately faster than other parts of the shrub to keep it in good order. If the plant gets really out of hand then go back and prune it to about six inches tall again to rejuvenate the plant.
Timing Is Everything For HydrangeasThe first thing you need to know about your Hydrangea plant before starting pruning is which type of variety you have. Depending on the flowering cycle of your particular variety you are either going to want to prune in early summer right after flowering is done or in winter after plants go dormant. Pruning at the wrong time can yield poorly flowering plants because you end up cutting off all the flower buds before they produce any flowers and after the plant has finished making flower buds for the season. There are basically three types of flowering types, those that flower on old wood, those that flower on new wood, and those that flower on both. The varieties that flower on both are newer and are a fantastic addition to gardens because they tend to bloom longer and there is less risk in pruning incorrectly.
Old Wood Varieties - These Typically Flower in Early Summer
Many Hydrangea species flower on previous year's growth, which means that in the late summer buds develop on the new stems that contain the flowering tissue for the following year. These buds remain dormant through the entire winter and then grow the following spring, produce a small length of stem with leaves, and then end with a single large flower at the end. Other buds will develop at various points in the year to produce leafy growth but most of the time these will not produce any flowers - yet. Of course, all the new leafy growth will produce buds at each leaf junction and many of these will produce the flowering stems next year. If you cut Hydrangea varieties that bloom on old wood back in the winter really hard, you end up cutting off almost all the buds that are ready to produce flowers the coming summer. So the time to prune old wood Hydrangeas is right after they have finished blooming in mid-summer. You can cut all the stems back almost to the ground, leaving a few good healthy buds on each, and get your plants to flush out with dense growth around June or July. Your plants will look great and the new growth will produce tons of buds all along the stems that contain flowers for next summer, so you will get very strong flowering again next year. And then after next year's flowering you can do the same thing and cut your Hydrangea shrubs back hard again. New Wood Varieties - These Typically Flower in Mid to Late Summer Unlike varieties that flower on old wood, new wood varieties produce new growth in the spring and then at that point develop flower buds quickly and bloom. These plants can be cut back to any height during the winter and still flower that same year, but you don't want to prune in the spring or summer. This is also great for gardeners in very cold climates because the flowering buds don't have to overwinter and so cold damage is not an issue for blooming. If you have a Hydrangea plant that seems like it never blooms then most likely you have an old wood blooming type that is not hardy enough for your area. Consider replacing it with a new wood flowering type! New and Old Wood Varieties
Some varieties, such as 'All Summer Beauty' Hydrangea, produce flowers on both old and new wood. The benefit of growing this type is that it blooms in two seasons, once early in the summer and then again in late summer. Pruning is best done right after plants finish blooming in early summer, but you can also prune plants in the winter.
Deciding Where To CutAfter determining the correct season for pruning your specific Hydrangea species, you must figure out where to make the actual cuts. Typically you want to make the cut in growth that is one season or younger right above the lowest node with large buds. Make the cut half to one inch above the buds, which is high enough that you don't damage the buds but low enough that you don't leave an ugly nub.
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Turn your garden from cold to cool this winter with Winter Gardenz! Our glasshouse sale is the best way to keep your plants, flowers and veggies thriving through all seasons. Made from the finest quality materials, our fully-customisable designs will fit into any space in your garden, giving you a luxurious and vibrant setting for all your gardening needs. Plus, because our greenhouses come with vents and toughened glass, it's easy to control the temperature so you can get growing what you want whenever you want – even in winter! So if you're looking to beat the chill this chilly season and create a beautiful oasis of greenery, look no further than Winter Gardenz!


When you buy apple trees, you already know that you’ll be pruning them over the summer, and this is especially important with stepover trees and columns because you’ll want them to be trained properly so they can look good and grow right. Pruning isn’t a difficult task but it must be done properly nonetheless, and it’s important to aim for somewhere between cutting off everything in sight and barely trimming the tree at all. When you buy stepover apple trees, they need to be pruned regularly, and most importantly, this means trimming off the side growth so that new buds can appear.
Pruning the Easy Way
You can’t just buy apple trees, plant them, and forget about them. If you wait until the stems get up to around seven to nine inches long, you can go ahead and trim them by half so that new growth is encouraged. There are also leaf buds and fruit buds, and the longer you own your trees, the easier it becomes to tell the difference between the two. While you shouldn’t get too clipper-crazy and chop off everything you see, you should always chop off enough to make a difference. Regardless of when you buy stepover apple trees, you should plan to prune them every summer for the best results.
The Importance of Pruning Your Apple Trees
Pruning regularly provides the benefit of having less side growths and more fruit buds that appear on the tree, and it is especially important in certain types of fruit trees, such as stepovers, columns, and others. Regular pruning produces not only more fruits but also tastier fruits because there is nothing to stifle the natural growth of the trees, which is something to keep in mind each time you buy apple trees of any type. Stepover trees need to remain a certain size to grow right and thrive, and pruning them regularly is the best way to make sure this happens.
If your goal is to buy stepover apple trees, pruning will become a part of your life every summer, and if you need additional tips on any type of pruning procedure, you can check https://www.fruit-trees.com because the information is available and ready to be absorbed. Taking care of stepover apple trees is not complicated, but you will have to learn how to take care of them for the trees to grow and flourish, and it’s good to know that it’s a simple task indeed.


Peppers yellow leaves are a beautiful and useful addition to any vegetable garden. However, they can turn yellow for several reasons including over or under watering, nutrient deficiencies and disease. Yellow leaves are also a sign of stress which can lead to stunted growth or death of the plant. When your pepper plants turn yellow, it’s important to identify the cause and take corrective action as soon as possible.
The most common cause of yellow leaves on a pepper plant is a lack of nutrients in the soil. Peppers need a balanced supply of nitrogen, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, calcium and iron for healthy foliage. Adding a high-nitrogen fertilizer can help alleviate this problem. For best results, add a balanced fertilizer once per week. Some organic sources of nitrogen that are great for your plants include rabbit manure, composted chicken manure and kelp meal.
Lush and Resilient: Bushes That Thrive in Zone 8 Climates
Overwatering can cause your plant to become stressed and turn yellow, as it will be unable to absorb the necessary nutrients. If this is the case for your pepper plant, try to water it less.
Diseases such as bacterial leaf spot, brown spots and wilting can also cause your plants to turn yellow. In many cases, once a disease infects your pepper plant, it’s best to pull it out and let that ground lay fallow for at least a year.
Other reasons for your peppers turning yellow might be too much chlorine in the soil or too much salt from past feedings. Ensure that you’re using only chlorine-free water and use a nutrient-rich fertilizer to fix these problems.


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customers business satisfaction.


Plant Orchestra : können Pflanzen Musik machen?
The method is based on measuring the electrical resistance of the plant (in Ohms) and transferring these signals to the amplifier. How does the sound of the plant change over longer periods of time? What is the language of the plant and how does the plant communicate with human beings?
Quite a few experts from diverse disciplines like biochemistry, biology, agriculture and botany are convinced that sound can influence plants in their growth. Music is often used to stimulate the growth of plants. In this experiment the situation is reversed - the plant influences the environment and is not only a subject of influence. Can this kind of biofeedback be scientifically observed and proven? What are the basics of plant bioacoustics?
This video will be followed by a series of new episodes on the subject of bioacoustics and eco acoustics on Time Wave Zero TV. Stay tuned!
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Mini White Sage Smudge Sticks
Our smudge sticks are from the only certified organic sage farm in the USA, they have certification from both the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) and the California Certified Organic Farmers (CCOF). The owners have been through a long and arduous journey to achieve their aim of growing sage in the most sustainable manner in order to ensure the survival of this much-revered plant. Sadly, in many regions of California white sage has been harvested using such harsh measures that it has impacted its quality and ultimate survival.
The beautiful owners of this organic farm started their crop many years ago when they found wild salvia apiana growing naturally on their acreage, through trial and error they have now worked out the perfect techniques to grow this special plant, founded on much love, passion and respect, to not only the white sage, but also the earth and the people who are employed to harvest, dry and hand roll these gorgeous smudge sticks.
As a result of their efforts, the white sage they produce is of extremely high quality, which is evident in its lovely silver/grey colour and intense scent. By retaining its purity and true essence these smudge sticks contain a high level of antimicrobial and antibacterial properties but most importantly they are infused with loving energy that is beautifully emitted and respectfully shared when burned during smoke cleansing ceremonies and rituals.
We offer both hand-rolled and tool-rolled USA organic smudge sticks in various sizes. They are beautifully tied with rainbow or natural coloured thread. Their scent is even more intense than standard white sage and their colour can be more varied as a result of being a completely natural product.
Smudging is the ancient ceremony of burning revered plants and herbs in order to create a sacred smoke bath. It can be used for welcoming in the new day, cleansing the body, home or workplace from negative energies, for ceremonial occasions and even sweat lodges. Smudging should be performed with reverence and respect allowing yourself to transcend beyond the physical in order to enhance your spiritual connection.


Outside the sun is shining. The temperatures here in Vermont are rising from their early morning chill to something more reasonable – for Vermont that is. Vermont sugar makers are chomping at the bit. They’re waiting for those temperatures to rise above freezing, or more specifically, for the nights temps to drop below freezing and then swing to above during the days. This is what makes the sap in the maple trees run up and down and fills the sap buckets.
To make maple syrup it takes about 30 gallons of sap to make 1 gallon of syrup. 30 to 1. I’ve spent time in sugar shacks during the maple season and I can tell you for a fact that even with fancy technology like reverse osmosis, sugaring is hard work. As long as the sap is flowing, they’re in the shack boiling. A lot of work for a little gain but if you’ve tasted pure maple syrup, you’ll know it’s worth it.


...Control the Food Supply and you Control the World...
We CANNOT let Monsanto and other big bio-tech agricultural companies supply our food!
They supply food for PROFIT, not for HEALTH.
Since our government is run by corporations, our Vote no longer counts, but our DOLLAR does. Every dollar you spend on GMO ingredients is another vote for companies poisoning and creating a monopoly over our food supply.
Monsanto is the producer of Agent Orange, PCBs, DDT, rBGH, Dioxin and other chemicals that proved useful but extremely harmful to humans and the natural environment. MONSANTO are the leaders of the the GMO industry. and at least 75% of all non-organic foods in the USA contain GMO ingredients.
What is GMO? GMO stands for Genetically Modified Organisms. There are 2 common practices to genetically modify organisms in order to make the growing process "easier" and "more efficient":
1. Crossing the DNA of a fruit/vegetable with the DNA of a bacteria or other microorganism that is resistant to herbicides and pesticides such as RoundUp, so that the plant itself will be resistant to the harmful effects of RoundUp. (pesticide created by Monsanto)
2. Crossing the DNA of a fruit/vegetable with the DNA of a bacteria that will kill an insect upon eating it - so that when the insect eats the plant, its stomach ruptures and it dies on the spot, immediately.
Some Interesting Facts....
APPROXIMATELY 90% of US Corn and Soy contains genes patented by Monsanto.
At least 75% of all non-organic foods in the USA contain GMO ingredients.
Monsanto donated over $1million to political campaigns in 2012 and spent nearly $6million lobbying.
VOTE WITH YOUR DOLLAR!!
Want to boycott Monsanto but don't know how because they won't label GMOs?? Download Buycott App for your Iphone or Android and scan each product you want to buy.


Offering fresh vegetables and fruits, local honey, local crafts, plants, baked goods, prepared food, music, and much more, the Colleton Farmers Market is open from April through October on Tuesdays from 2pm until 6 pm and on Saturdays from 9am until 1pm. In November and December the Market is only open on Saturdays from 9am to 1pm.
Our signup meeting for the 2018 season is MARCH 17th FROM 11-1pm. Please call 843.549.2303 or email if you plan to attend & register.
Opening Day is scheduled for APRIL 21st.
The Farmers Market's last regularly seasoned open day of 2018 will be in November.


150 Tons of Seongju Chamoe Exported Annually to Singapore & Hong Kong
Wolhang Nonghyup at the Vanguard of Promoting the Taste of Chamoe to Local Consumers with Chamoe Sampling Events
Traditionally, in season fresh fruit is said to be a restorative that can stimulate your appetite and maintain your health. Chamoe (Korean melon, Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa) is yellow when well ripened and one of the fruits that Koreans consume most as summer approaches. Due to the ample amount of water in it, this representative Korean summer fruit can be enjoyed more fully and with greater refreshment when it is eaten after being refrigerated. Toward the end of May, chamoe production increases rapidly and the chamoe price decreases accordingly. At the same time, the chamoe harvested in this season is high in sugar content.
Korean chamoe originated in India. It is said to have been transferred through China and cultivated before the first century B.C. Thus, it is one of the most familiar fruits to Koreans due to its long history, after it was first eaten in Korea, of over 2,000 years. Currently, the yellow fruit is cultivated in Korea in a combined area of 10,000 hectares.
Seongju County in North Geongsang Province is the chief region in Korea for cultivating chamoe. The county supplies approximately 70 percent of the chamoe produced in Korea. It is optimal for producing chamoe thanks to the climate, sunshine, and soil suitable for cultivating the fruit.
Chamoe has a harder flesh than melon, which is widely enjoyed in European and American countries. In Korea, chamoe is enjoyed after peeling its skin thinly and removing the seeds. To get a sweeter taste, however, some Korean adults eat the whole fruit without peeling the skin or removing the seeds.
Healthy Food with Various Nutrients and Effects
Technically speaking, chamoe is classified into the category of vegetables. However, it is enjoyed as a fruit for dessert. It is wholesome food having various nutrients and beneficial effects. It is a low-calorie food with an ample amount of water and is good for quenching thirst. In addition, it is rich in a cancer-suppressing substance called cucurbitacin and is helpful in preventing cancers and alleviating sufferings caused by cancers. It also abounds in folic acid, which is known to ease anemia. It is a natural, healthy food that can be safely consumed by pregnant women who need folic acid in their pregnancies.
What’s more, the glucose and fructose contained in chamoe in particular are absorbed faster than those of other fruits, and the fruit is thus more effective in relieving fatigue. That’s why hikers take chamoe along as a snack when going hiking or climbing up a mountain. Chamoe is also an alkaline food. For people who sweat a lot and whose bodies are prone to acidification, it means that it’s helpful for keeping the balance. It is also helpful in eliminating harmful bacteria from the body. Due to such beneficial effects, young chamoe has been used as a medicinal ingredient from ancient times in Korea. According to Dongui Bogam (literally translated as “Mirror of Eastern Medicine”), compiled by the royal physician Heo Jun (1539-1615 A.D.) and first published in 1613, chamoe suppresses coughing and is good for constipation and jaundice.
Wolhang Nonghyup Exported 80 Tons of Chamoe to Singapore Last Year
The chamoe loved by Koreans succeeded in entering the Japanese market ten years ago and is now advancing into Southeast Asian markets including Singapore and Hong Kong. The annual amount of chamoe exported to the main markets―including Japan, Singapore, and Hong Kong―reaches about 150 tons. Currently, the chamoe exports mostly come from Seongju County and the Wolhang Nonghyup (agricultural cooperative) started exporting chamoe to Southeast Asian markets three years ago. Wolhang Nonghyup participated in promotional events held in Singapore in April of last year and had a meeting to discuss an export agreement with Century Global. Through the meeting and discussion, Wolhang Nonghyup obtained a good result and was able to export 80 tons of chamoe at the equivalent price of USD$320,000. The promotional events for local consumers were held four times in the big market chains of Giant Vivo City and Giant IMM.
Behind the brisk exports of chamoe are the enthusiastic support and effort made by the Seongju County Office. The county office came forward to pioneer overseas markets because it needs to stabilize the domestic price of chamoe, especially when the fruit is distributed in large quantities.
Mr. Cho Gu-yeol, a managing director of Wolhang Nonghyup, said that the agricultural cooperative started exporting chamoe, which is a specialty of Seongju County, to promote the excellence of the fruit around the world and to rectify a structural issue in which the fruit is only distributed domestically. He continued that, from the administrative aspect, the agricultural cooperative is applying an export policy to help to stabilize farmer incomes as the opening of the Korean agricultural products to foreign markets is accelerated.
Striving to Increase Brand Awareness of Chamoe in Southeast Asian Markets
Chamoe is not harvested as a product to be domestically distributed or as a product to be exported. Around 106 member farms participate in the joint supply and sorting processes conducted at the regional agricultural product distribution center of Wolhang Nonghyup. Most member farms apply eco-friendly farming methods to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This ensures the safety of the fruit. However, the exported chamoe is selected from only a few high-class farms in terms of cultivation techniques and quality. The chamoe produced by the farms recognized for the marketability of the shape and taste of the chamoe are exported. In addition, Wolhang Nonghyup recommends that the member farms select and cultivate any of three chamoe cultivars determined to be suitable for maintaining the chamoe’s uniform shape, color, and flesh.
Although the exports to the Southeast Asian markets are in the initial stage, they have a huge potential for growth. Compared to tropical fruits with a soft flesh, chamoe features a crispy flesh that, while unfamiliar to the local consumers, actually receives a favorable response.
Mr. Cho said that, when Wolhang Nonghyup was promoting chamoe and targeting local children at a sampling event, the children liked it and their parents immediately took an interest in chamoe. He explained that, since chamoe is not a fruit local consumers frequently enjoy, Wolhang Nonghyup attaches a sticker indicating how to eat chamoe onto the packaging before exporting chamoe.
To expand the exports to Japan this year, he released a plan to individually package chamoe in plastic packing. He also predicted that the Southeast Asian region would have high growth potential. According to Mr. Cho, Wolhang Nonghyup plans to make further efforts to raise the brand awareness of Seongju chamoe in overseas markets, including in Singapore and Hong Kong, in order to disperse the supply of chamoe and stabilize the incomes of chamoe farms.
Inquiries Wolhang Nonghyup


Artificial watering of new plantings during the first growing season is necessary. The first 2-3 weeks after planting, or during extreme weather conditions, are very critical to plant survival. Daily watering is usually needed during this time. New plants should be gradually soaked with a garden hose or sprinkler to the point of run off. Watering frequency can gradually be reduced to once a week after the first 3-4 weeks. Watch for leaf wilting or browning of tissue between watering. If leaf damage is noticed, water immediately and more frequently. Plants will survive some transplant stress; however, leaf tissue recovery may not occur until the following growing season. Improper watering or not watering can adversely affect your one-year plant warranty.
After the first year, fertilize trees, small fruits and shrubs with 1/4 pound of commercial nitrate fertilizer per year of growth. You also need to broadcast spread fertilizer under the branches each spring. Roses require more frequent applications of fertilizer through the spring and summer.
Insect and Disease
Insect and disease problems usually show visual signs of leaf damage. Control of insects and diseases is dependent upon proper diagnosis of the problem. If you suspect insect or disease problems call Proturf. We provide tree and shrub service for treatment of insect and disease problems. With proper diagnosis, tree and shrub problems can be treated effectively.
Cultural Practices and Pruning
Proper watering, fertilizing, and selection of plants from good stock will minimize problems with your landscape. Established plants are pruned for cultural and maintenance purposes. Improving structure on trees is of primary importance. Prune for uniform spacing of main stems and branches, thin out weak growth, eliminate weak crotches and raise the head of the tree gradually by removing lowest branches starting at least two years after planting. Keep shrubs shapely by trimming new growths after flowers begin to brown and drop. Heavy pruning should be done by pruning old growth to the ground in late winter or early spring.
Turf Care for New Sod
New sod should be watered daily 20-30 minutes in each area. Under extreme weather conditions it may be necessary to water twice a day. Watering frequency can gradually be reduced to twice a week during June through August. Two hours of watering in each area and 4 hours, once a week in each area during April, May, September, and October.
Fertilizing can begin 6-8 weeks after the sod is laid. Use a 4-0-2 fertilizer ratio containing 20% or more slow-release nitrogen. Apply at a rate of 1 pound of nitrogen per 1000 square feet – 3 to 5 times annually. Apply a pre-emergent crabgrass control along with the early spring application of fertilizer before May 20th. Control broadleaf weeds as they emerge with a spot sprayer and broadleaf weed control product. Always leave grass clippings on the lawn unless they become excessive and smother the turf. Cutting height should be 2.5 to 3 inches.


For hundreds of years cider has been made at Burrow Hill. Every year the harvest starts when the first of our 40 varieties of apples start to fall. The art and the craft of cider making is blending these apples. At Burrow Hill this is the responsibility of cider makers Julian Temperley and Tim Stoddart who between them have 60 years of experience.
"Every bottle of our cider can be traced back to its orchard of origin. In the world of cider making, the terroir of the orchards around the farm is recognised as one of the country’s three unrivalled vintage areas"
Burrow Hill draught cider is poured directly from the barrel and is flat and traditional. We also make a refreshing medium-dry lightly carbonated cider that is a blend of at least eleven varieties of vintage apples. It is moreish, complex and balanced.
New orchards of Perry pears are slowly maturing and we expect them to be fully productive in 40 years time. In the meantime the few pears we harvest make a dry and delicate perry.
At Burrow hill we also make two single variety bottle fermented ciders. This cider undergoes a secondary fermentation within the bottle in order to gain tiny bubbles. It then matured for two years in our cellars before the yeast is removed and it is ready to drink. The Stoke Red Bottle Fermented won overall champion at the Somerset Cider Championships at the Mid-Somerset Agricultural Show in 2017.
Finally we make a very unusual cider by freezing a secret blend of apple juice and removing the ice. The remaining naturally concentrated juice is then fermented into Ice Cider in small oak barrels. This makes it 11.5% abv and gives it a unique flavour that combines the bitter-sweet and sharp qualities found in a traditional vintage apple.
"The man behind Burrow Hill also pioneered Somerset Cider Brandy. Over the past three decades Julian Temperley has done more than anyone else in Britain to develop classy drinks from homegrown apples"
Peter Bazalgette, The FT
Overall champion of the mid Somerset cider show 2017
"'A genuinely innovative drink, a real find.'
'looks like Palo Cortado sherry, smells like Calvados, tastes like a cider pudding', 'brilliant tannins, layers of flavour with soft apple embrace'. 'Ice Cider is great on its own but should be on the shelf of every cocktail bar in London as a serious contribution to mixology'"
The FT Taste Test


Tremco Roofing and Building Maintenance (Tremco Roofing) announced the acquisition of the BioTray™ vegetated-roof product line from Rana Creek, a company based in Carmel Valley, Calif. BioTray is described as a natural, biodegradable, modular system for vegetated roofs, consisting of 17-inch-square trays composed of natural latex and coconut coir. Coconut coir is a fibrous, renewable product derived from coconut husks. Tremco said that unlike traditional modular systems, the coconut fiber decomposes over time and the BioTray module is converted into growing media (soil). The process allows the growing and installing of vegetated roofs without the use of plastic, increasing the sustainability of the roof, the company said. Mark Anderson, program manager, sustainable market development for Tremco Roofing, said the BioTray systems can be used with young plants, and also allow vegetated roofing system owners to pre-establish plants in an off-site nursery. “This enables us to install vegetated roofs that are established from day one,” he said. “Besides providing plants that are more mature and robust, this process eliminates stress on the plants during installation.”
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News and information courtesy of DeckExpert.com, the voice for Division 7 Waterproof Decking.
ICC-ES evaluated Class A fire rated Pedestrian Traffic Systems are your best choice when it comes to long term value, life and lower maintenance costs!


Turtle Lime is a dolomitic lime produced using the Roller Mill method which can give the fineness (Average 150-micron) that is highly recommended for agricultural lime material. Turtle lime contains 37 % calcium and 6 % magnesium and has a neutralizing value of 102 (Table 1). Therefore, it supplies much needed calcium and magnesium to crops and is as good as calcium carbonate in neutralizing soil acidity. This fineness of Turtle Lime ensures quick neutralizing reaction of soil acidity and a lasting benefit.
In a laboratory incubation study with Turtle Lime, faculty at the University of Zambia reported that this material was effective in raising the pH of some acidic soils within 14 days of application. While it is expected that the reaction may take a little more time in the field, this result demonstrates the good quality of Turtle Lime. In the same study, the new pH values of these soils were maintained for more than 120 days.
For easy handling and transporting convenience, Turtle Lime is packaged in 50 kg bags. We maintain a stock of more than 2000 tons of stock at all times in order to promptly respond to your requirements.