MAM CAFE's Commitment: Monaka Series
The Monaka series pursues the joy of “eating” as well as safety, security and deliciousness.
MAM MONAKA uses high-quality raw materials and incorporates new technology to improve quality while preserving traditional manufacturing methods to deliver high-quality products.
Until a single product is released to the world, the staff will exchange various opinions, collect various selfish opinions such as "I want to eat that", "This looks delicious", and expand the possibilities to infinity. Each MAMCAFE product, which is created through repeated planning, sampling, and testing, is filled with the passion of each producer.
The glutinous rice used at MAM MONAKA is Shin-Taisho glutinous rice, which is characterized by its stickiness, firmness, smoothness and sweet flavor.
It is built on land in the Hokuriku region that features a mixture of rice paddies and houses.
Since ancient times, it has been an area with abundant clean water, and there were many paddy fields.
In the days when each family grew rice, it was the beginning of maintaining and managing a house close to the paddy field so that it was easy to manage the water.
≫ Ideas for Cultivation Shin-Taisho glutinous rice is sown three times.
In addition, the fields are divided into flat land with a gentle slope and intermediate and mountainous land that has been made into rice paddies by leveling the mountains.
The reason for this lies in the characteristics of Shin-Taisho glutinous rice.
It has a good reputation compared to other glutinous rice, but it has the disadvantage of being very easy to germinate.
When the buds appear, the nutrients of the rice are absorbed by the buds, resulting in a loss of quality.
As a countermeasure, we divide the growing period and separate the cultivation areas into flatlands and hilly and mountainous areas, and use even the slightest difference in temperature to stagger the timing of rice harvesting so as not to reduce quality.
≫ 120 days until harvest
From May 15th, 3 people will start planting glutinous rice and harvest it after about 120 days.
About 500kg of brown rice is produced per 10a. *1 are = 10m x 10m
During this period of about 120 days, farmers are especially careful of wildlife damage caused by extreme weather and wild boars in the mountains.
When water is depleted, yields can drop by up to 50% due to drought damage.
Even if there is damage to wild boars, the 1m radius of the area that the wild boar passed through must be cut down because it will smell, and the yield will be reduced by 90% in the worst case, not in the whole field, but in one field. In addition, we calculate the risk backwards and convert about 20% of the overall risk into production.
In the subsequent rice polishing, where normal rice polishing removes 10% of the rice, yellow spots may be visible if the germ remains, so remove nearly 20% of the germ as much as possible. Using 100% of the carefully commercialized Shin-Taisho glutinous rice, we move on to the production of monaka seeds.
Kanazawa has long had a flourishing tea ceremony culture, and Japanese confectionery has permeated the lives of the common people and become one of the representative food cultures. Monaka also spreads in the same way, and in Kanazawa, red and white monaka called “fukuume” is eaten as a celebratory confectionery that is indispensable for the New Year.
MAM MONAKA monaka, made in Kanazawa, uses all natural coloring agents.
The Shin-Taisho glutinous rice, which is the raw material, has a very strong fragrant aroma even after baking, which will whet your appetite.
It is very difficult to bake the monaka, and the temperature in the factory reaches nearly 40 degrees in the middle of summer. Bake the monaka at about 200 degrees and remove the baked seeds from the mold with your bare hands. Therefore, two craftsmen are required for one machine (one type of seed) in the morning and afternoon. In addition, about 5 staff members are involved in the production of MAM MONAKA, including the person who prepares the dough, the person who inspects and packs.
MAM MONAKA is very large and delicate for a monaka species. The underside of the seeds is also scorched, making it difficult to control the heat, resulting in uneven browning and damage (cracks or damage when removing from the mold). However, the non-standard ones are not only discarded, but also recycled as winter plum powder. (Scorched color monaka only)
≫ More than 700 types of raw materials
We use our own experience and know-how to combine more than 700 types of raw materials to develop a single soup.
Although it is difficult to select and mix the raw materials to be used, delicate adjustments are possible due to the wide variety of types.
≫ We use all dried raw materials to make the most of raw materials, but we want to deliver products that are "safe, secure, and delicious" as well as the joy of "eating", so we use spray-drying and freeze-drying.・We select drying methods that maximize the use of raw materials, such as hot air drying and natural drying.
≫ A team of 5 people puts the carefully selected raw materials into each monaka by hand, one by one. .
The shapes of monaka and ingredients vary, and it is difficult to align the mating surfaces perfectly when crimping.
In addition to the delicate manual work that requires perseverance, standing work requires physical strength, but there are things that can only be done by human hands.
≫ When the matching is completed during the bagging, the team will put them in the bag one by one. One person is in charge of the sealing machine and packs the product to complete the product.
Instead of relying on large machines, we pack each bag while checking it with our own eyes.
In this way, MAM MONAKA is created by hand by skilled craftsmen, sparing no effort during manufacturing.


William Knight – 1843 – 1941
By Granddaughter Eleanor Knight (1913-1994)
In 1890 Bayfield received by freight 4,067 bushels of potatoes and 723 tons of hay. The Bayfield County Press commented: “The items of potatoes and hay received show a condition of affairs that ought not to continue. The vast acres of pine which are annually being cleared off leave acres of stump land which can be bought for a mere song. On these lands ought to be raising all the potatoes, hay, and vegetables this community needs, with plenty to spare. Instead of importing such a large amount of produce, we ought to be exporting a much larger amount. What this country needs are more farmers.”
Whether this item had any effect on my grandfather, I do not know, but he soon began to grow potatoes. The idea of growing them commercially evidently took hold, for Bayfield history readers may remember that in 1897, John Bjorge got tired of wheeling his potatoes to town in a wheelbarrow and built an airplane to fly them in.
Potatoes were only the beginning. William Knight looked at the acres of stump land and thought, “Where these trees grew and were harvested only once, why not plant trees that will yield a harvest every year?”
He assembled men, horses and dynamite and began to work on the stumps. As fast as the land was cleared, he planted fruit trees. This was all an experiment, because up to this time no one thought fruit could be raised commercially here. Members of the State Historical Society did not believe it possible to raise fruit commercially so far north and had to be shown. There was plenty of evidence that fruit trees would grow here. There were cherry trees on Madeline Island believe to have been planted by the Jesuits in the 18th century. In 1871, Mr. Roswell E. Pendergast, lighthouse keeper on Michigan Island, had a nursery there and experimented with many types of crops and trees.
Acting with faith on these bits of evidence he saw about him, William Knight planted his first trees in 1905, 20 acres in cherries and 20 acres in apples. The next year he planted 45 acres in apples and cherries. The Press reported on May 18, 1906, “William Knight is busy setting out 2,000 fruit trees this week. Mr. Knight has the land, the means and the disposition to make an orchard and he’s going to do it.” He did plant orchards so thoroughly that some are still bearing fruit.
By 1909 interest in horticulture was thriving here. January 15, 1909, the Press reported: “William Knight, Nathaniel C. Carver and Carl Vollenweider attended the State Horticultural meeting in Madison, Mr. Knight going as a special delegate from the local branch of this society, which is the largest in the state, having more than 100 members.”
Believing that Bayfield’s future in agriculture was great and that marketing was one of the first problems to solve, William Knight became an incorporator of the Bayfield Fruit Association in 1910. Carl Vollenweider of Bayfield and John Bissell of LaPointe were the other two. In 1912, this Association merged with the Bayfield Fruit Shippers Association and became the Bayfield Peninsula Fruit Association. This Association flourished and marketed fruit for farmers for over 30 years, became a Co-op in early 1940s, and was liquidated in 1953.
Just as he had been intensely interested in logging and banking, William Knight now switched his attention to agriculture and conducted experiments with all types of plants. I remember his blueberry project and only the other day one told me about the celery experiment. There were numerous other things tried and forgotten, but for his efforts in this field he was honored by the State Historical Society and was made an honorary member for outstanding work in the state.
In those pioneer days each household tried to put away a barrel or two of apples for winter. The market for them right in Bayfield was good. Nov. 8, 1884, the Press reported: “winter apples are rolling into town at a lively rate. Last week there was received by boat upward of 200 barrels and as many more are expected. Twenty-two years later, boats were still bringing in apples. In 1906, “The steamer Eber Ward will be at the Dormer-Boutin company dock about next Monday with a carload of the finest apples at the lowest prices. When you hear her whistle, go down with your money.”
In 1910 with the orchards planted and thriving, William Knight decided to run for State Assembly. Nathan E. Carver wrote the following letter to the Bayfield Progress urging everyone to vote for William Knight saying, “He has always been a man of action, of deeds and few words. He is not a man always going to do something and talking of what he is going to do…When chairman of the town board he built the city waterworks…When he announced today that he was going to do something tomorrow, you would see the work in progress. When the people were mourning that they had no bank in Bayfield, he announced one day that he would start one. In 30 days, the bank was running. During the strenuous times of the ‘93 panic, not a man asked for money at his bank that did not get it forthwith, not being put off; no 30- or 60-days’ notice at his bank. No one knew he was going to build a sawmill until the machinery was on the ground and men at work on the building. No one knew he was to develop a farm and plant commercial fruit orchards until he was clearing land for that purpose. He has been an employer of men in this town for 40 years and never had a strike and all men were paid in full, and I hear more good things said of him from the laboring men than from any other class of people.”
That was natural. William Knight had been a laboring man. If he had not taken any job that came along and worked at it, he would have starved in the early days, and never lived to do anything. As the years went on, William Knight continued his farming and civic activities with vigor. His civic duties extended from chairman of the executive committee to keep cows off the streets, through the vice presidency of the first Commercial Club organized in 1906, various city and county offices and the state legislature. Tales of Bayfield Pioneers; a History of Bayfield, Eleanor Knight, Published August 2008
This history brief was written by Robert J. Nelson. Generously sharing our local history through his research and writing.


Peter Mumford, the owner of Arbor Operations in Brisbane, has been involved in the Queensland agriculture, horticulture and arboriculture industries for more than forty years.
He has been entrusted with the task of employing cutting-edge technology to protect the magnificent century-old trees in West End, one of Brisbane’s most happening hubs.
“The watering program creates a more favourable growing environment for the trees and optimises their root development.”
“It’s a great example of old meeting new. It’s also fantastic to see developers embracing this new technology.”
The Arbor Operations teams will be using some of the latest gadgetry to ensure the old trees remain protected and healthy during the re-development phase.
This includes a high-tech irrigation systems in which use a number of mathematical parameters to measure, monitor and log moisture levels deep under the ground, where the root structures of the trees are located.
The trees, which are listed by Brisbane City Council as Significant Landscape Trees, include bunya and hoop pines that are protected under the Natural Assets Local Law 2003.
Read more about Stockwell’s Virtuoso apartments here.


"At organic papaya farms, tall trees such as coconut and mahogany and medium-height trees such as banana, cacao, and neem are planted to protect the papayas from strong winds.
Banana and cacao also serve as food for earthworm fertilizer, providing precious nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium that help the papayas grow.
Citronella and marigold planted in the corners of the farmland have a repellent effect, protecting the papayas from various harmful insects.
They also help the soil retain water. These initiatives carried out at the highest-grade organic farms not only produce safe and high-quality green papaya, they also contribute to securing economics and sustainability."
COCONUT is useful as food. The minerals and fibers in coconut are used for fertilizer.
BANANA contains large amount of potassium and phosphorus that are vital nutrients for plants and therefore it is indispensable for making compost. Also, Banana trees are planted as a natural windbreaker.
MADRE CACAO converts nitrogen into natural fertilizer. By planting this medium shrub, we can create a complex mixed planting farmland.
PEANUTGRASS has root bacteria which convert atmospheric nitrogen into natural fertilizer. Its roots are deeply-rooted causing water draining effect.
In the Philippines, it is believed that spirits dwell in Balete trees. The branches of Balete trees provide elegant shades and are planted as a companion plant in the farm.
CITRONELLA reduces the density of nematodes which infect papaya and lower the quality and yield. It substitutes for pesticides.
LEMONGRASS protects papaya from mosquitoes and other insects that may carry pathogenic bacteria causing diseases to papaya.
Its flowers attract insects and result in protecting papaya from bugs. Marigold can also prevent weeds.
NEEM TREE prevents pests and nematodes. Also, it breeds actinomycetes to make soil rich and healthy.
Earthworms create crumb structure in soil by processing various plants. Nitrogen produced from cocoa and large amount of potassium and phosphorus in banana help plants grow.
MAHOGANY protects papaya from strong winds. Mahogany helps prevent global warming because it grows fast and absorbs carbon dioxide.
Bio Normalizer’s Philippines factory is located in the First Philippine Industrial Park at the foot of the dormant volcano Mount Makiling in the city of Santo Tomas, Batangas, 52 km south of central Manila (approximately 60 minutes by car). This emerging industrial park was developed as a joint venture of Japan’s Sumitomo Corporation and a local financial clique and is home to a total of 52 companies (29 of which are Japanese companies), including Honda Motor Co., Ltd., IBIDEN Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., and Phillip Morris. The total number of employees working inside the park is approximately 16,000, and it is one of the major factory clusters supporting the economy of the Philippines.
To ensure full fermentation of the green papaya raw materials inside the factory, a special room is set up which can achieve constant temperature and humidity control. Inspections and other delicate operations are not left to machines. Each green papaya is carefully handled by human workers, and licensed inspection staff carry out thorough quality control in a specialized lab equipped with precision inspection equipment. Authorized sellers in Japan also visit the Philippines factory. They observe the thorough quality management system for Bio Normalizer here and also undergo training.
“Traceability” refers to understanding where products came from and where they are going. In the case of Bio Normalizer, our proprietary selection standards are used to cultivate carefully chosen green papaya and they are harvested under a strict management system. Also, inspection and management are carried out at all stages of the production process from the primary manufacturing at the Philippine factory to shipping, secondary manufacturing, filling and packaging, inventory control, and delivery to stores.


When is apple picking season in NJ?
September brings the season for apple picking in New Jersey to fruition. This fall, don’t miss out on some of NJ’s most popular farms. These top locations are scattered throughout the Garden State and are each known for various attractions and produce. One thing they all have in common, though, is their outstanding orchards and pick-your-own apples. So if you’re wondering where to go apple picking this year, look no further.
Riamede Farm in Chester, NJ
Riamede Farm is advertised as an old-fashioned apple farm from 1952; it is New Jersey’s oldest ‘pick-your-own farm’ (its first fall picking season dated back to 1974). Their trees were planted half a century ago and they offer over 40 types of apples to be picked. Prior to picking, guests are welcome to visit the website to learn about what types of apples they can pick. Apples are listed by heritage, taste and use for the season to help guests prepare for their picking.
The farm opens September 3 to kick off the ‘pick-and-bake’ season, beginning with fuji apples entering their prime time of the season. Here at New Jersey Digest, we have a great recipe for apple cinnamon muffins to pair with your recent pickings. Each week, the farm will advertise which apples are ripest upon entering their store and picking.
Demarest Farm in Hillsdale, NJ
If your family is looking for a farm that checks all the boxes, Demarest Farm is known for putting on a show. The farm’s greater attractions include a haunted orchard and movie nights. Reservations are needed to enter the farm. For updates, visit their site. All reservations must be made online—no tickets or admission will be offered at the door. Entry costs $8, and admission for kids under 2 is free. The farm charges $15 for a bag that will hold 10 to12 lbs of picked apples.
Demarest suggests that guests wear comfortable shoes that are recommended for walking on uneven surfaces and no strollers— backpacks or purses are allowed while picking.
Battleview Orchards in Freehold, NJ
Battleview Orchards is open for the fall! This orchard takes pride in their fresh New Jersey produce, baked goods and rich history. The Applegate family has been operating and running the orchard for four generations and has maintained the love, dedication and retail value as those before them. Current owners, Scott and Lisa, have three children to hopefully continue as the fifth generation of growers. Battleview is open daily from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. but closed on Tuesdays. This orchard strongly suggests checking their Facebook page for consistent updates on what is happening this fall season.
Keep in mind that Battleview is a cash-only operation and pets are prohibited. The farm is growing Ginger Gold, Gala, Jonamac, Honey Crisp, Macintosh, Early Fuji, Cortland and Jonathon apples this season. At just $1.89 a pound, what are you waiting for? You can find more details on apple picking and other farm operations here.
Melick’s Town Farm located in Califon, NJ
Melick’s Town Farm has four locations and sells its produce at various farmer’s markets throughout the state. Current running farms include Oldwick Farm Market, Cider Mill and Orchard, Bridgewater Market and Califon Orchards. The Califon farm is open daily from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. and requires a reservation. This farm has over 24 types of apples to pick and more than 20,000 apple trees planted on the property. Apple cider made on premise is one of their specialties. Weekends in September and October is the time to catch a free wagon ride in Oldwick Farms, and a horse-drawn wagon ride in Califon Orchards!
If attending later in the season, pumpkin picking is available in addition to apples. You can find out more and inquire about reservations at their website.
Mackey’s Orchard in Belvidere, NJ
Mackey’s Orchards is an eighth-generation family farm that takes pride in the fact that some of the fruit trees planted in the early 1900s still stand today. This fun-filled farm is known for its apple bakery, homemade ice cream, greenhouse and seasonal activities for children. Mackey’s is known for its bargains, as well as offering online ordering and delivery for fresh produce and baked goods. Guests are able to visit their website for more information regarding the services they offer.
This forty-five-acre farm has a great view of the Delaware Water Gap—perfect for pictures! Options for picking range from a half-peck bag (about 5 pounds) at $10, a peck bag at $20, and a bushel at $40. Bringing your own bags for picking is not permitted.
Race Farm in Blairstown, NJ
Race Farm has been operating for 70 years and has seen four generations of Race family members pass on the gift of Jersey-fresh produce. With each generation, there have been minor tweaks to modernize the farm and increase production. There is no admission fee to enter the farm, as well as free hayrides on weekends during the fall season. Having maintained this welcoming and traditional feel for many generations, Race farm has earned their place for one of the best farms to go apple picking in New Jersey.
Guests are also welcome to the picnic areas to share a meal and enjoy the great foods the farm has to offer. Race Farm’s pick-your-own apple season will run until October 31 this year. During this time, the farm will be open from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m. daily. You can find out more details here.
Windy Brow Farms in Fredon, NJ
Windy Brow Farms has been growing apples since the 1920s. Today, many of the apple trees planted a century ago still bear fruit. With other 45 varieties to choose from, Windy Brow remains one of the best options for apple picking in New Jersey this fall. Apple picking will be available at the farm through the end of October. For dog-lovers, Windy Brow Farms permits dogs on premise so long as they remain leashed at all times and are picked up after.
In addition to apple picking, Windy Brow Farms offers fresh baked goods, a farm retail store, pizza nights and mind-blowing homemade ice creams and beverages. You can read more about all of the details of this legendary farm and the story behind how It came to be here.
Stiles Farm and Nursery in Cape May Court House, NJ
This is a great pick-your-own farm near Jersey’s most southern point. Stiles Farm prides themselves on offering an array of in-season fruits to pick throughout the year. Along with apples, pears and Asian pears remain options to pick and purchase for the fall months.
The picking options at Stiles Farm are constantly changing, so it is best to stay up to date at their facebook page where they post the farm’s options daily. Keep in mind, this is a cash only farm.
About the Author/s
Writing has allowed me to practice journalism, reporting, advertising and so much more. If I’m not reading, cooking or drawing, I will be working on new content. I have a passion for content creation and developing new projects to be shared.


Romania is Ready to Double Transit of Ukrainian Grain
On Friday, August 11th, during negotiations in the port city of Galati involving officials from the United States, the European Union, Moldova, and Ukraine, Romania's Minister of Transport, Sorin Grindeanu, announced that Romania will take measures to increase the transit capacity of Ukrainian grain from 2 million to 4 million tons per month, as reported by Libertatea. The aim of the meeting between officials from the aforementioned countries was to explore alternative export routes for Ukrainian cereals due to Russia's exit from the grain deal.
"We have agreed that the export of Ukrainian grain should be accelerated in light of the Russian missile attacks that targeted Ukrainian ports in Reni and Izmail in recent weeks. During the meeting, I emphasized the importance of Romanian land, rail, and maritime transport routes to ensure a continuous flow of exports and imports from Ukraine," Sorin Grindeanu emphasized at the negotiations in Galati, as noted by Agerpres.
Representatives from the US Embassy in Bucharest labeled this meeting as "decisive" on the eve of negotiations, demonstrating their commitment to ensuring the continuity of Ukrainian grain exports to satisfy global demand.
Following the meeting in Galati, its participants underscored that the USA confirms its readiness to provide financial assistance to neighboring countries of Ukraine in improving logistics, facilitating cargo handling, and expanding the transit capabilities of Romania and Moldova. "The US support will encompass the expansion of alternative export routes, the modernization of border crossing points and critical infrastructure for rail and road transport, as well as supporting the development of export capacities along the Danube," noted Grindeanu after the meeting.
During the post-negotiation press conference, the Minister of Transport also highlighted that to achieve the set goals in terms of Ukrainian grain transportation volumes, it is necessary to optimize the capacity of the Sulina Canal, which connects the Danube and the Black Sea.
"From a transportation perspective on the Danube, the Sulina Canal represents the most effective waterway for grain transportation, hence the optimization of its capacity is crucial. This has been a very productive meeting that will enable us to take the necessary steps to increase the capacity for grain transit coming from Ukraine through Romania. This way, we will reach our goal for the next period, which is nearly 4 million tons, as opposed to the current 2 million tons we have monthly," added Grindeanu.


We have a special guest and location for this weeks meeting.
Farmlogs https://farmlogs.com/ a midwest Clojure startup will be presenting.
FarmLogs helps farmers use data about their fields to grow row crops more profitably. This talk provides a brief intro to the national data sets we provide, including soil quality, crop history, and vegetative health. We’ll also dig into the architecture and Clojure code we use to deliver field level data layers on demand, using tools such as PostGIS, RabbitMQ, and custom Clojure libraries.
The meeting will be held at Top Gun/Mason Tech Center and pizza will be provided. Come a bit early for pizza and conversation.


In many regions of the world, women produce the majority of the food consumed by their families and communities, and make up the majority of the world’s small-scale farmers, yet own the rights to almost none of the land. At AWID 2012, experts examined what is changing and how.
One year ago, India’s first-ever Women’s Land Rights Facilitation Center opened in Odisha State. This month, 150 local women were approved to receive the titles to their land. There has been increased global momentum around women, land, and farming but for all the talk, will there be the walk?


Unearth the Magic of Black Swallow Living Soils - KIS MIX BLENDED SOIL
By GreenLeaf Gardener
Hello, dear readers!
You know, there's an age-old saying that goes, "The health of soil, plant, animal, and man is one and indivisible". Today, I'm thrilled to introduce you to a product that truly embodies this wisdom - the Black Swallow Living Soils - KIS Mix Blended Soil. Whether you're a hobbyist gardener, a parent nurturing the gardening spark in your child, a teacher seeking to educate your students about sustainable agriculture, or a homeowner looking to level-up your indoor plant game, this read is for you.
The Magic Beneath Your Feet
Before we delve into the specifics of the KIS Mix Blended Soil, let's first understand the role of living soils in our ecosystems. Living soils are the lifeblood of our planet, providing an environment for countless microscopic organisms. This bustling micro-world plays a critical role in maintaining soil health, facilitating nutrient absorption, and promoting plant resilience. When you choose living soils, you're essentially nurturing a microcosm that goes beyond just soil and plants; you're supporting an entire ecological balance.
Introducing Black Swallow Living Soils - KIS Mix Blended Soil
This is where the Black Swallow Living Soils - KIS Mix Blended Soil comes in. This premium soil mix is crafted from a diverse range of organic materials, including compost, worm castings, kelp meal, and rock dust, among others. The 'KIS' in its name stands for 'Keep It Simple', and that's precisely what this mix does. It simplifies your gardening needs by offering a complete, well-rounded blend that promotes plant health and productivity.
Benefits and Pros of Using KIS Mix Blended Soil
Nutrient-Rich: This soil mix is packed with a wide array of macro and micro-nutrients that feed your plants and promote their growth. You're no longer dealing with the guesswork of adding nutrient supplements; the KIS Mix has it all!
Encourages Microbial Life: The KIS Mix fosters a biodiverse ecosystem, encouraging beneficial bacteria and fungi that improve soil structure, aid in nutrient absorption, and combat plant diseases.
Versatile: Whether you're growing veggies in your backyard, maintaining ornamental plants indoors, or running a commercial farm, KIS Mix Blended Soil can cater to a variety of plant types and growing conditions.
Organic and Sustainable: The ingredients used in the KIS Mix are not only organic but are also sustainably sourced. So while you're providing your plants with the best, you're also doing your bit for the environment.
Easy to Use: Ideal for beginners and experts alike, KIS Mix Blended Soil can be added directly to your garden beds or pots without the need for additional amendments.
So, whether you're a parent looking to instill in your kids the love for Mother Nature, a teacher educating young minds about sustainable living, or a homeowner seeking the joy of vibrant, lush houseplants, Black Swallow Living Soils - KIS Mix Blended Soil is an investment that promises to pay rich dividends.
Remember, it's not just about growing plants; it's about nurturing an ecosystem. It's about fostering a relationship with nature. It's about making the world a greener, healthier place. So go ahead, dig in, and let the magic of living soils transform your gardening experience!
With green wishes,


Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the most powerful long-lived greenhouse gas (GHG) with ∼268 times higher global warming potential (GWP) than carbon dioxide (CO2) on a 100-year perspective (IPCC, 2019). Beside global warming, nitrous oxide also has a severe effect in depleting stratospheric ozone (Ravishankara et al., 2009). Agriculture is the most important source of anthropogenic emission of N2O, mostly by N fertilizer application (Davidson, 2009). Nevertheless, sufficient synthetic N fertilizer should be used to meet the global food demand with expected population increase over time (Tilman et al., 2011). Thus, decreasing the N2O emission with adapted N application rates and timings, and the use of enhanced efficiency fertilizes with urease and nitrification inhibitors, have great potential for improving future agricultural management practices.
Since N fertilizer derived N2O is mostly produced by microbial driven nitrification and denitrification processes, reducing the corresponding substrate concentration or retarding the related microbial activity in the soils is a reliable path to mitigate soil N2O emission (Wrage et al., 2001). Using nitrification inhibitors (NI) to slow down the transformation of ammonium to nitrate has been considered as an efficient way to reduce N2O emission or N leaching in many studies (Di et al., 2016; Meng et al., 2021). Nevertheless, single use of NI may increase the ammonium availability in soil and subsequent ammonia emissions, especially in calcareous soil with high pH, which was substantiated in a review study by Lam et al. (2017). Fan et al. (2018) reported that use of a nitrification inhibitor decreased soil N2O emissions by 1.8–61.0 %, but promoted NH3 volatilization by 3.2∼44.6 % in vegetable production systems in China. Thus, the combined use of NI with urease inhibitor (UI) has been promoted to concomitantly control the emission of ammonia and N2O (Weiske et al., 2001, Tao et al., 2018).
There are three commonly used NI, i.e. dicyandiamide (DCD), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and Nitrapyrin. Generally, DMPP showed the strongest effect (per unit weight of compound) on nitrification inhibition since it has a lower mineralization rate and can remain longer in soil than DCD (Zhou et al., 2020). Moreover, the efficacy of NI seems also to depend on crop type, field management, soil and climatic conditions (Behnke et al., 2018, Essich et al., 2020, Ottaiano et al., 2020). Thus, in addition to laboratory testing, the efficacy and performance of a new developed inhibitor should be assessed under field conditions,
A new nitrification inhibitor, DCD/TZ (mixture of dicyandiamide and 1H-1,2,4-triazole) was introduced in Germany in the early 2000s. The positive effect of DCD/TZ alone on retarding N2O emission after urea application were found in both lab incubation and field studies (Ni et al., 2018, Hu et al., 2020). Like NI, urease inhibitor (UI) is another nitrogen fertilizer synergist which slows down the speed of transformation of urea to ammonium. UI is beneficial for decreasing nitrogen loss by ammonia volatilization. But the knowledge on the effect of UIs on N2O emission is scarce.
The UI N-(2-Nitrophenyl) phosphoric triamide, shortly as 2-NPT, was also introduced in early 2000s, and its efficacy to reduce NH3 emission has been assessed (Ni et al., 2014, Schraml et al., 2016, Adhikari et al., 2020), but its efficiency on decreasing N2O emission has not yet been tested. It was reported that additional 2-NPT increased the N2O emission compared with DCD/TZ addition alone (Hu et al., 2020). The decrease of efficiency of NI by UI addition implies the key role of climate and soil conditions on N2O emissions.
In addition to the effect of inhibitors on N2O losses, the specific N form (e.g. urea vs. calcium ammonium nitrate) can play a role. Cowan et al. (2019) showed that under the conditions of Ireland (clayey soils, high rainfall) N2O emissions from the nitrate-based fertilizer CAN could be considerably higher than from urea, due to faster and stronger denitrification. Overall, there is a strong need to evaluate the N2O emission behavior of fertilizer N forms and the influence of inhibitors on this behavior under various agroecological conditions. This is in particular of importance for regionalized N2O emission assessment which can support optimized allocation of N2O emission reduction measures and policies (Mathivanan et al., 2021).
Another important aspect of N form and use of inhibitors is their agronomic effect on crop yield and nutrient efficiency with relevant repercussions for fertilizer economy and additional environmental benefits by allowing the reduction of application rates and of concomitant environmental risks of excess N supply including reduction of indirect N2O emissions. On a global scale, recent meta studies found general agronomic benefits (Li et al., 2018, Kanter and Searchinger, 2018) combined with emission reduction. But effects also depent on inhibitor active ingredients and agronomic environment, with smaller effects e.g. in grain crops. For a full assessment of a potential benefit of an inhibitor active ingredient both agronomic outcomes and emissions need to be accounted for and can be combined in the variable yield scaled emissions.
In this study, a ﬁeld experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of urea and CAN and the efficacy of 2-NPT, DCD/TZ and their combination on N2O emission reduction, crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat in northern Germany. The main objective was to quantify the response of crop yield and N2O emission to fertilizer type and different inhibitor treatments of urea. We hypothesized that (1) CAN has no higher relative N2O emission than urea under typical central European climate and arable soil conditions, (2) UI or NI addition alone have positive effect on reducing N2O emission, but combined use of UI and NI has no additive effect as the NI dominates the urea turnover process, (3) single use of UI or NI can increase yield due to reduced N losses, and a combined use of UI and NI has a synergistic effect.
The field experiment was carried out on two different areas of a field (10ha) in the Experimental Farm “Hohenschulen”, an affiliate of Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel in Northern Germany (54°18'N, 9°58'E). The soil is sandy loam in texture (sand 58 %, silt 29 % and clay 13 %) and classified as Luvisol with the following properties: bulk density 1.37gcm−3, pH 6.5, total organic C 1.5 %, total N 0.1 %, water holding capacity (WHC) 37 %.
The climate in this region is maritime, with the
Grain yield, N concentration and NUE
Grain yield was higher in 2012, and N fertilization significantly yielded 2 times higher grain or straw biomass than CK (Fig. 2). CAN resulted in very high grain yields in both years while U+UI+NI showed the highest grain yield across years among urea treatments, 8 % higher than U (Table 1). No significant differences in grain yield between fertilizer treatments were observed across years.
Compared to untreated U, neither single or combined use of inhibitors showed significant effects on straw
Nitrous oxide emissions
Averaged over all fertilizer types, N2O emissions were higher in 2012 than in 2013. Initial soil mineral N contents (0–0.3 m) were much higher in this year (on average 25 kg N/ha, Fig. S5) compared to 2013 (15 kg N/ha). In addition, higher temperature and much more frequent rainfall in 2012 were probably favorable for N2O production, and would have promoted denitrification which is the predominant source of soil N2O emission under central European conditions (Wrage et al., 2001). This
No difference between CAN and urea fertilizer on N2O emissions were observed under light soil and moderate rainfall conditions. As CAN fertilization resulted in higher crop yields than urea, yield scaled N2O emissions were lower for CAN. Nitrification inhibitor DCD/TZ addition to urea showed a beneficial effect on reducing soil N2O emission compared to both urea and CAN, but urea treated with NI alone showed a lower N recovery rate. Furthermore, combination of UI 2-NPT and NI on urea did not
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
We want to express our grateful thanks to Jun Yang, Gunda Schnack and the ﬁeld technicians’ team at Hohenschulen experimental farm for their technical support. This study was funded by the German fertilizer producer SKW Stickstoffwerke Piesteritz GmbH (SKWP). But SKWP has no influence and decision on the results and publication.
© 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V.


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Help sow the seeds to change our future. More information.
Planting the Seed is a standards-based curriculum for grades 6-8 that cultivates an understanding of seeds and their impact on society. Learn More
Tomatosphere™ uses the excitement of space exploration to teach skills and processes of scientific experimentation and inquiry. Students investigate the effects of the space environment on the growth of food that will inevitably support long-term human space travel. Learn More


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Though small in terms of population, Australia and New Zealand are both agricultural powers, exporting beef, lamb, dairy products, oilseeds, and wheat, among other products. This makes them countries of interest to investors and competitor countries alike, as well as suppliers of farm machinery and biotechnology.
Recent projects include:
- Value chain analysis of the dairy and beef sectors in Australia and New Zealand for a US agricultural machinery manufacturer;
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July 8th, 2010
Graduate student, Alison Pankey from Michigan State University, is interning at EARTH to get hands-on experience in the field of ethnobotany and to learn how plants can benefit humans as food, medicine, and as other materials.
The two main plants Alison is focusing on are the uncommon chaya and chicasquil species.
Alison’s EARTH mentor, Professor Jorge Arce, finds these plants to be important in Latin American countries, since they are especially rich in protein, calcium, vitamins, iron, and antioxidants. However, knowledge of these plants seems to be continually declining, and so does the existence of the plant itself.
“Farmers around here just don’t know much about it anymore,” explains Alison, sharing information she gathered from local farmers. “They say it’s something their ancestors used, but they don’t really use it themselves.”
Alison and Professor Arce hope to discover the reason for the declining use of this plant through personal interviews and through lab experiments.


Hydroponic grow table greenhouse rolling bench is one of our new products. Greenhouse breeding bed, also known as the rolling bench, is widely used in horticulture, flowers, nursery, breeding, and other industries, it is mainly used in greenhouse flower cultivation, vegetable seedlings, rice seedlings, Chinese herbal medicine, medicinal seedlings, etc. It is the lack of equipment in modern agriculture.
The main advantage of a greenhouse rolling bench is to increase planting area effectively. The layout of the hydroponic rolling bench can be arranged vertically or horizontally islands, but no matter what kind of layout, just leave a mobile aisle. The use of mobile seedbeds can increase the effective space of greenhouses to more than 80%.
|Hydroponic Grow Table Greenhouse Rolling Bench
|Hot-dip Galvanized Steel
|30 inches and can be fine-tuned, can be customized
|according to users’ requirements.
|Heavy/ weight load
|The tray is food grade ABS, 2.5mm/3mm thickness, good performance, good load-bearing capacity, and long service life.
1. It is widely used for flower production, vegetable seedlings, and greenhouses of greenhouses. The planting operation is convenient, and anti-side flip installations are designed to avoid overturning.
2. 0.6m-0.8m wide operating channels can be generated between two seedbeds.
3. It can be moved left and right, the height direction can be fine-tuned, and the area of greenhouses can reach more than 80%.
4. The advantages of mobile seedling beds, are firm welding, good load-bearing, accurate size, convenient installation construction, corrosion resistance, and durability.
5. The seedbed is beautiful and generous, economical and practical, corrosion resistant, aging resistant, acid and alkali, non-fading, and can be used in the greenhouse tide environment for a long time. Conventional size of mobile seedling beds: 1.7 meters, 1.75 meters, and 1.8 meters of other specifications can be customized, switched at random and easy to install.
The hydroponic grow table greenhouse rolling bench is a mature agricultural irrigation technology. It has been widely used in developed countries. The greenhouse rolling bench solves the “three-phase” composition of irrigation and oxygen supply. It is also a high-energy agricultural technology that does not destroy the matrix. It is also in a wide range of development stages in my country.


Consuming certified organic food from sites like http://myorganicfoods.net ensures you are not ingesting pesticides, which cause a range of health problems like allergies, headaches, cancer, and birth defects. Organic farmers do not use toxic chemical pesticides to control weeds, insects, or to improve product size and appearance. If you are committed to eating only organic fruits and vegetables and you like to garden, consider growing some your own produce organically. Because you have control over your own growing methods, you can be certain your food is truly organic if you are unable to purchase organic foods.
The Environmental Working Group, or EWG, recently released its 2014 Dirty Dozen list of produce most heavily contaminated by pesticides. Be planning your garden to include some of these offenders, you can enjoy eating them without introducing pesticide residue into your body.
Rated #2 on the Dirty Dozen list, strawberries still contain small amounts of pesticide even after washing them under cold water. Instead, buy them organically or grow them in your garden. Strawberries are the easiest berry to grow because they are cold hardy and quite adaptable. Plant young plants in a raised bed for easy picking, or in containers if you do not have a plot of earth.
The taste of fresh, homegrown strawberries is very different from the cold, unscented berries from a store. The aroma and sweetness is unforgettable. All they require is a sunny spot and some organic compost. Because these berries love acidic soil, use pine needles to mulch around the plants to prevent weeds and keep the soil moist.
Sweet Bell Peppers
Sweet bell peppers are ranked number 7 on the list. Some gardeners avoid planting these lovely globes because they are susceptible to a few diseases like verticillium wilt and mosaic. To get around this, choose cultivars that are resistant to such diseases and rotate your garden crops each year. Plant young pepper plants near taller plants like tomatoes or corn to provide some shade for tender blossoms; temperatures above 90 degrees cause them to wilt and fall.
Sweet bell peppers come in a rainbow of colors. Pick clean, fresh peppers to chop and use in salads, sauté with onions for fajitas, or just dip raw strips into your favorite dip.
This salad favorite is #6, and growing your own spinach ensures a crisp green crop free from pesticides. Prepare a plot of freshly dug earth rich in nitrogen by adding organic compost. Spinach loves cool weather, so consider preparing the soil the previous fall so you can plant seeds very early the following spring.
Sow spinach seeds about every ten days for a continuous supply until the heat of summer arrives and spinach plants bolt, or go to seed. As summer draws to an end, resume planting seeds once more for autumn harvests. These vitamin rich leaves are delicious in salads and boost your levels of Vitamin A and K.
Ranked #12, potatoes may seem safely buried in the dark soil, but this is not true. One potato contains more pesticides by weight than any other food. As a root vegetable, potatoes absorb whatever is in the soil, including chemicals. After harvest, potatoes are sprayed with more chemicals to kill any remaining vines and prevent sprouting.
The good news is that growing potatoes is simple and fun. Plant only organic seed potatoes, which are free from chemicals. If you are concerned about potatoes taking up extra space, try doubling up on your crops by planting other perennials above them, like peppers. By the time peppers have finished producing, the potatoes will be ready to dig. And digging for potatoes is like digging for treasure if you have children. Try planting red, yellows, and even blues.
Ever since I was a child, I’ve enjoyed spending the night at hotels. I particularly like to stay at posh resorts that provide indoor swimming pools, onsite spas, and oceanfront dining options. Whenever I stay at a luxurious hotel, I always look to see if there are gourmet chocolates on the pillow waiting for me to savor at bedtime. For some reason, this small amenity really appeals to me. If you own a hotel, consider treating your guests with chocolates at the end of their busy days. This added touch is also perfect for Valentine’s Day. On this blog, you will discover how to shop for the best gourmet chocolates for your hotel. Enjoy!


Competing for the Convergences Europe Award, Uniterres is a local programme whose aim is both to make fresh and good quality products (especially fruits and vegetables) available to the beneficiaries of food aid and to participate in developing local agriculture, while strengthening the links between producers and consumers. Brought by the Association Nationale des Epiceries Solidaires (ANDES), the project brings together dozens of partners around an integrated approach to food aid and was awarded the Special Convergences Award “Sustainable cities and territories”
A double observation at the origins of the Uniterres programme
The Uniterres program responds to two main issues:
- A low consumption of fresh products (mainly fruits and vegetables) by the recipients of food aid mainly is observed and mainly due to a lack of these products in food aid structures.
- The number of vulnerable farmers having to have recourse to food aid and the severe crisis currently affecting farming continues to rise every year.
One solution to solve a double problem
Uniterres is a local programme which aim is both making fresh quality products (especially fruits and vegetables) available to food aid recipients and to participate in the development of local agriculture, while strengthening links between producers and consumers.
Vulnerable farmers are supported by the Uniterres programme for 3 years. The aim is to make them regain economic sustainability through technical and social support, fixed prices, an annual pre-control system and the management of their logistics. In the social grocery stores of the ANDES network, Uniterres allows fresh, local and seasonal products to be supplied.
Impact of the Uniterres Programme
The Uniterres programme seeks to provide a solution to problems encountered both in the context of food aid and in the context of the agriculture crisis. Several actions have therefore been put in place that addresses these multifaceted challenges:
- Agricultural counselling brought to 138 farmers currently part of the programme
- Support in farm management
- Logistics (transport of products from the farms to the 74 social grocery stores)
- Supply of social grocery stores in fresh local products (about 25,000 beneficiaries in 2015)
- Awareness raising of the teams of the ANDES network via workshops, connecting members of social grocery stores and farmers (farmers meeting, farm visits, etc.).
- Support for integration into commercial channels for farmers
Which partners are involved into this ambitious program?
The Uniterres programme emerged to propose a solution to the supply problem of social grocery stores with fresh fruits and vegetables and to the economic difficulties faced by many “small” farmers in France. This programme solves two problems through matching innovative partnerships.
Uniterres is a transversal programme with implications on the social environment, solidarity economy, agriculture, health, sustainable development, the fight against food waste and the environment.
Without setting these relations and creating partnerships that has never been created before the solidarity existing in the Uniterres programme could not have seen the light of day.
Establishing the dialogue between antagonistic stakeholders: the strength of the Uniterres program.
The Uniterres programme brings together many actors who wouldn’t necessarily meet.
This programme allows them to establish dialogue, whereas these actors do not have the habit of consultation and may typically have antagonistic relationship: the Chambers of Agriculture, the FNSEA, Peasant Solidarity, the private sector, local authorities…
The solidarity cause brings together all stakeholders around the table in order to co-construct together and to improve the situation for both small producers and recipients of food aid, both at the national and the local level.


I am going to do a little something different with this tasting note. I usually try to spend a paragraph or more on the Winery of the wine I am tasting then delve into the grape and then on to the wine itself. However I have already touched on the story of Adam and Diane Lee when I tasted the Novy Grenache. Since Pinot Noir is one of the big grapes and most if not all know the story on this thin skinned temperamental varietal I am going to focus on the Vineyard where this grapes came from before delving into the wine itself.
The Vineyard: Garys' Vineyard...a name synonymouss with great Pinot Noir grapes. Owned and run by THE two Gary's, Fransiconi and Pisoni. Both have a long experience in growing grapes and having their own wines. Mr Franscioni operates the great Pinot Noir specific ROAR wines, and Mr. Pisoni runs the Pisoni Vineyards and Lucia Vineyards.
The Vineyard it self is located in Santa Lucia Highlands an area that is getting better known for producing great Pinot Noir and Syrah. The vineyard was planted in 1997 with a yield of about 3 tons per acre. The soil of the vineyard is mostly Sandy Loam. They use a very specific clone in the vineyards named after one of the owners the Pisoni Clone. The total vineyard acreage is about 50 acres. The vineyard is locate din marine climate with foggy mornings and breezy afternoons that help create a long drawn out growing season. All of this helps in developing the grapes into something that makes tremendous wines.
The Wine: It weighs in at a hefty 14.5% for Pinot. Pours a very nice cherry red in the glass, hints of earth, cherry, strawberry and cola and a small whiff of mint. In the mouth there is a very nice level of acidity that balances the alcohol with earthy minerals, strawberry jam and cola flavors rounding out this very nice, very complex wine. This wine earns an easy A-.


The commissioning of rice pyramids in Abuja yesterday is an indication that Nigeria is making steady and assured progress towards self-sufficiency in food production, President Muhammadu Buhari has said.
The President expressed expectation that other agricultural commodity associations that were yet to participate under the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN)-funded Anchor Borrowers’ Programme (ABP) will emulate the rice farmers association of Nigeria in supporting his administration’s drive for food self-sufficiency.
Buhari made the remarks at the unveiling of the FCT Mega Rice Pyramids in Abuja on Tuesday morning.
“As a critical policy of the government, the Anchor Borrowers’ Programme is expected to catalyse the agricultural productive base of the nation, which is a major part of our economic plan to uplift the economy, create jobs, reduce reliance on imported food and industrial raw materials, and conserve foreign exchange,” Buhari said.
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Have you ever thought of how genetically engineered food can contribute to the reduction of world hunger especially among developing countries with high poverty rates? This article sheds a light on this controversial ongoing debate. Read more and share your thoughts in the comments!
World hunger and food shortages are reoccurring issues in most underdeveloped countries. Among the many possible biotechnologies accessible and the various applications, genetic modification (GM) of crops deserves special attention. Genetically engineered crops containing genes from many organisms could potentially reduce global food shortages. Although there was initial optimism surrounding the adoption of GM crops, with the expectation that they would offer farmers with larger and better harvests, there are now uncertainties concerning the benefits of such crops.
In medicine, malnutrition is associated with hunger. According to the Food and Agriculture Institution’s most current estimate, 854 million people globally are malnourished. This equates to 12.6% of the world’s 6.6 billion population. Many of the 854 million undernourished people, the majority of whom are children, live in developing countries. Every disease, including measles and malaria, is exacerbated by malnutrition.
Around 140 million low-income adolescents in 118 countries, primarily in Africa and South-East Asia, have vitamin A deficiency. This scenario has deteriorated into a public health emergency. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 250,000 to 500,000 Vitamin A-deficient kids go blind each year, with half of them dying within a year of losing their vision. Golden Rice, developed by scientists in Germany and Switzerland, contains three new genes, two from daffodils and one from a bacterium, that aid in the production of preformed vitamin A.
Biotechnology experts are frequently extremely specialized and technique-focused, and thus may require additional expertise in dealing with the complex issue of hunger and food security in poor nations.
Biotechnology has enormous potential for the developing nations. High-yielding, disease and pest-resistant crops will have a direct impact on food security, reducing poverty, and environmental conservation. GM crops will, presumably, yield more on less land. This may enhance total output and provide a mechanism for emerging countries to maintain themselves while also reducing global hunger.


Trees play a vital role in our daily lives. The Arbor Day Foundation recommends planting fruit trees for their many environmental benefits. Fruit trees, like apples and pears, help clean our air and drinking water, benefit wildlife, and help reduce the impacts of climate change all while also producing healthy food.
Since 1872, Arbor Day has been celebrated as the nation’s tree-planting holiday. While growers are planting trees and tending their orchards to produce food, we want to recognize fruit trees’ broader impact in Washington State. The Red Delicious apple helped propel Washington into the leading producer of apples in the United States, accounting for nearly two-thirds of all production. today, over 2,500 Washington growers cultivate more than 240,000 acres of apple, cherry, and pear trees each year.
Fruit trees are vital to the economy in Washington but their contribution to our environment and natural resources are sometimes overlooked. Trees help clean our air and water, contribute to animal habitats and help control erosion. Healthy trees also help store carbon from the atmosphere and reduce the impacts of climate change. Orchards and the nurseries that supply them cultivate trees to produce fruit now and in the future.
Growing food from trees takes energy; hard work, sunlight, and fuel. Orchardists rely on dependable and consistent fuel sources to protect and cultivate fruit trees, to harvest and move fruit, and to safely handle and store it. Natural gas is an important part of this mix.
The electrical grid in many rural communities can’t provide the clean, reliable energy we need at every point in these 240,000 acres of orchards. So, we turn to the cleanest-burning fuel available, natural gas. Natural gas is used in various ways in fruit orchards, powering irrigation systems and frost control, and fueling generators during power outages. A spring frost could risk a crop before it gets a chance to grow, while an early autumn frost could destroy a crop on the tree before it’s ready for harvest.
Our members rely on modern horticultural practices that require precise orchard management to produce healthy crops and reduce food waste. To do this, orchardists must take specific actions at the required times or face a significant loss of production volume or food quality. A loss of power at such at a time means the loss of a crop.
Natural gas also helps to stabilize our energy supply to protect state-of-the-art packing facilities from power outages. Cold storage is vital to maintain the freshness of fruit as it’s prepared for transport. Power outages in the hot summers of central Washington could quickly spoil fruit before it can be consumed. But natural gas provides protection against the loss of food in storage.
Fruit trees help provide healthy food, clean air, and clean water. Natural gas is an important tool in maintaining our regional food system. Taking away this tool puts at risk the economic and environmental benefits that come from growing tree fruit in our state.
Jon DeVaney is President of the Washington Tree Fruit Association


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Table of contents
- Individual Offers
- Syria's Monuments: their Survival and Destruction
- The Project Gutenberg eBook of Rise of Rail Power In War & Conquest , by Edwin A. Pratt.
- Ruptures and Continuities
There is mounting evidence that different marker systems vary in their mechanisms of detecting polymorphism and genome coverage. Therefore, they could complement each other to generate accurate sex-specific markers in date palm. Also described is how to characterize the identified markers by Sanger sequencing and to explore their functions through alignment of their sequences with the Genbank databases. Breeding of date palm is complicated because of its long life cycle and heterozygous nature.
Sexual propagation of date palm does not produce true-to-type plants. Sex of date palms cannot be identified until the first flowering stage.
- Sacred Guilt.
- Phase Behavior of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids.
- Institutional Offers.
Molecular markers such as random amplified polymorphic DNA RAPD , sequence-characterized amplified regions SCAR , and simple sequence repeats SSR have successfully been used to identify the sex-linked loci in the plant genome and to isolate the corresponding genes. Female date palm plants are of economic importance as they bear the fruit. Therefore, sex identification at an early stage is highly desirable. DNA-based markers are useful for early sex detection.
In this chapter, we describe male-specific sequence-characterized amplified region SCAR markers to identify sex in date palm at the seedling stage. Genomic DNA is isolated separately from both male and female date palm genotypes. Based on this amplification pattern, the sex of date palm seedlings can be predicted. Ambiguity in the total number of date palm cultivars across the world is pointing toward the necessity for an enumerative study using standard morphological and molecular markers.
Among molecular markers, DNA markers are more suitable and ubiquitous to most applications. They are highly polymorphic in nature, frequently occurring in genomes, easy to access, and highly reproducible.
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- Anthropologie de la famille et de la parenté (Sociologie) (French Edition).
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This chapter explains a stepwise protocol for extracting total genomic DNA from date palm leaves. A user-friendly protocol for RAPD analysis and a table showing the primers used in different molecular techniques that produce polymorphisms in date palm are also provided. Molecular markers are credible for the discrimination of genotypes and estimation of the extent of genetic diversity and relatedness in a set of genotypes. Inter-simple sequence repeat ISSR markers rapidly reveal high polymorphic fingerprints and have been used frequently to determine the genetic diversity among date palm cultivars.
This chapter describes the application of ISSR markers for genotyping of date palm cultivars. The application involves extraction of genomic DNA from the target cultivars with reliable quality and quantity. Subsequently the extracted DNA serves as a template for amplification of genomic regions flanked by inverted simple sequence repeats using a single primer.
Syria's Monuments: their Survival and Destruction
The similarity of each pair of samples is measured by calculating the number of mono- and polymorphic bands revealed by gel electrophoresis. Matrices constructed for similarity and genetic distance are used to build a phylogenetic tree and cluster analysis, to determine the molecular relatedness of cultivars.
The protocol describes 3 out of 9 tested primers consistently amplified 31 loci in 6 date palm cultivars, with 28 polymorphic loci. Investigation of genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships among date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Various molecular markers such as restriction fragment length polymorphisms RFLPs , simple sequence repeat SSR , representational difference analysis RDA , and amplified fragment length polymorphism AFLP have been developed to molecularly characterize date palm cultivars.
Analysis of data generated from these two techniques and the use of these data to reveal phylogenetic relationships among date palm cultivars are also discussed. Date palm cultivars are classified based on the fruit moisture content, as dry, semidry, and soft dates. There are a number of biochemical and molecular techniques available for characterization of the date palm variation. These techniques coupled with appropriate statistical tools proved useful for determining phylogenetic relationships among date palm cultivars and provide information resources for date palm gene banks.
Box , Egypt. Molecular marker technologies which rely on DNA analysis provide powerful tools to assess biodiversity at different levels, i. A range of different molecular marker techniques have been developed and extensively applied for detecting variability in date palm at the DNA level. Recently, the employment of gene-targeting molecular marker approaches to study biodiversity and genetic variations in many plant species has increased the attention of researchers interested in date palm to carry out phylogenetic studies using these novel marker systems.
Molecular markers are good indicators of genetic distances among accessions, because DNA-based markers are neutral in the face of selection. Box , Baghdad, Iraq. The tree has been and still is at the center of the comprehensive agricultural development. The number of known date palm cultivars, distributed worldwide, is approximately The success of genetic diversity conservation or any breeding program depends on an understanding of the amount and distribution of the genetic variation already in existence in the genetic pool.
Development of suitable DNA molecular markers for this tree may allow researchers to estimate genetic diversity, which will ultimately lead to the genetic conservation of date palm. Simple sequence repeats SSRs are DNA strands, consisting of tandemly repeated mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, or penta-nucleotide units that are arranged throughout the genomes of most eukaryotic species. Microsatellite markers, developed from genomic libraries, belong to either the transcribed region or the non-transcribed region of the genome, and there is rarely available information on their functions.
Microsatellite sequences are especially suited to distinguish closely related genotypes due to a high degree of variability making them ideally suitable in population studies and the identification of closely related cultivars. This chapter focuses on the methods employed to characterize date palm genotypes using SSR markers. Genetic fingerprinting using molecular markers is an important tool for the analysis of genetic diversity and cultivar identification. Here, we present an improved DNA extraction protocol using leaf tissue, based on the standard cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide CTAB protocol, which yields large amounts of high-quality amplifiable DNA.
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Rise of Rail Power In War & Conquest , by Edwin A. Pratt.
RAPD and ISSR markers reveal sufficient genetic diversity as well as give some unique markers in some genotypes with a maximum number of bands. Fungal contamination of in vitro cultures of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. Different molecular approaches have been applied successfully to analyze both inter- and intraspecific variation among fungal species as well as determine their identity. This chapter describes step-by-step procedures of molecular identification of fungal contaminants by internal transcribed spacer ITS products of the most common fungal contaminants of date palm tissue culture.
To begin with, samples of genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Epicoccum, and Penicillium were collected to isolate each fungal genus and extraction of genomic DNA. The molecular identification herein is a rapid and reliable procedure to identify date palm fungal contaminants which is very important in their control and treatment. Date palm is a fruit-bearing tree commonly found in arid and semiarid regions.
It is a dioecious plant, producing fruit on female plants and a limited number of basal offshoots for propagation. To produce large numbers of uniform plantlets, tissue culture techniques are required. It is highly advisable to detect genetic variation that may occur through micropropagation techniques as it may lead to phenotypic alterations. Screening of markers requires repeated confirmation of the pattern obtained in individual samples.
Synthetic seed or encapsulated somatic embryos may be used for propagation, storage, and exchange of plant germplasm and have many diverse applications in date palm cultivation. They have advantages over conventional use of offshoot material for germplasm propagation, maintenance, exchange, and transportation. This chapter describes a protocol for date palm synthetic seed production by encapsulation of somatic embryos with sodium alginate. This protocol is promising for in vitro conservation and international exchange of date palm germplasm. In vitro conservation is carried out to maintain disease-free genetic materials, in a small area, protected against pests, insects, soil problems alkaline, acidic, excess salinity, lack of organic matter, too dry, or too wet , climatic changes, and high-multiplication potential.
A requirement of successful in vitro conservation is that the plants can be regenerated into complete plants rapidly when desired. The current work describes in vitro propagation and conservation techniques employing slow-growth conditions of date palm somatic embryo cultures. Successfully conserved somatic embryos multiply and germinate to regenerate plants with well-developed shoots and roots, which survive acclimatization and field transfer.
Date palm fruit production has great economic significance for many countries. There is a fundamental necessity to conserve valuable date palm germplasm, but there are various problems with in vivo and ex situ conservation. In vitro storage has several advantages over conventional germplasm conservation methods. The in vitro technique offers a developed method of slow-growth storage, which is considered as an alternate solution for short- and medium-term storage of date palm germplasm under controlled conditions.
Minimal growth conditions for germplasm conservation are generally achieved by reducing growth rate through modification of environmental growing conditions and culture, by using low temperatures, and the addition of growth retardants and osmotic agents. Leuven , Leuven, Belgium. Cryopreservation is the technology of choice not only for plant genetic resource preservation but also for virus eradication and for the efficient management of large-scale micropropagation.
In this chapter, we describe three cryopreservation protocols standard vitrification, droplet vitrification, and encapsulation vitrification for date palm highly proliferating meristems that are initiated from vitro-cultures using plant growth regulator-free MS medium.
The positive impact of sucrose preculture and cold hardening treatments on survival rates is significant. All regenerated plants from non-cryopreserved or cryopreserved explants don't show morphological variation by maintaining genetic integrity without adverse effect of cryogenic treatment. Cryopreservation of date palm vitro-cultures enables commercial tissue culture laboratories to move to large-scale propagation from cryopreserved cell lines producing true-to-type plants after clonal field-testing trials.
When comparing the cost of cryostorage and in-field conservation of date palm cultivars, tissue cryopreservation is the most cost-effective. Moreover, many of the risks linked to field conservation like erosion due to climatic, edaphic, and phytopathologic constraints are circumvented.
Using this protocol, In vitro technology offers a potential solution for the conservation of date palm germplasm. Slow growth induced by low temperature allows storage from several months up to few years. Pollen storage and viability are very important for pollination, breeding, biodiversity, biotechnology, conservation, and other biological and non-biological studies of the date palm.
Ruptures and Continuities
Optimizing procedures and duration of storage are important for effective and long-term date palm pollen storage and viability. Curr Biol. Electronic address: nathan. In a new study, previously unknown populations of wild date palm have been identified in remote areas of Oman. Genomic analyses indicate date palm domestication occurred in the eastern portion of the Arabian Peninsula and reveal substantial subsequent gene flow with African palm populations.
Epub Jul Electronic address: muriel. Electronic address: daniel. For many crops, wild relatives constitute an extraordinary resource for cultivar improvement [1, 2] and also help to better understand the history of their domestication . However, the wild ancestor species of several perennial crops have not yet been identified.
Perennial crops generally present a weak domestication syndrome allowing cultivated individuals to establish feral populations difficult to distinguish from truly wild populations, and there is frequently ongoing gene flow between wild relatives and the crop that might erode most genetic differences . Here we report the discovery of populations of the wild ancestor species of the date palm Phoenix dactylifera L.


There are two types of farming, they 1. _____ (is / are) traditional and modern farming. A traditional farmer usually 2._____ (use / uses) simple farming tools, such as an axe, a watering can, a sickle and a pickaxe. He 3. _____ (dig/ dogs) the land with a pickaxe and a hoe. He 4. _____ (plough / ploughs) the land with a plough that is drawn by one or two buffaloes. He 5. _____ (harvest / harvests) the crops with a sickle. He 6. _____ (work / works) very hard but 7. _____ (do / does) happily. When the harvesting time 8. _____ (come / comes), farmers 9. _____ (help / helps) each other. Before they _____ (start / starts) to harvest the crops, they usually 10._____ (hold / holds) a traditional ceremony.
A modern farmer 11. _____ (use / uses) modern equipments, such as tractor and a harvested. A tractor 12. _____ (is/are) very useful because it 13. _____ (replace / replaces) the energy of animals. A harvested is used to harvest all types of grains and seed crops. It is useful to replace the energy of men. Otherwise they have to help each other and work harder.


Located in CALIFORNIA, USA incorporated in 1991. We are a company that produces Natural animal feed additives based on scientific research and clinical validation. .
Our key personnel, with many years in the biotechnology and feed industry business, with extensive knowledge possess the skills and experience necessary for us to fulfill our main aim. That is, to make farming more profitable because farmers can now make precision decisions.
At present 70% of the market place uses antibiotics for animal production whether the animal is in need of antibiotics or not. With constant use of antibiotics, bacteria mutations occur and these residuals end up in the meats which humans consume. These residual deposits can be detrimental to our health. As a result, the industry is now moving in the direction of using products without antibiotics, probiotics.
Cenzone's technology –based and innovative specialty nutritional products are distributed and used by progressive and performance –driven meat, milk and egg producers in more than fifty countries.
In the year 2000 Cenzone Tech-Europe, was the first company to be approved by the European Union to distribute Yeasture W as a performance feed additives for cattle, swine and poultry.
All Cenzone products are based on different formulae and have different ingredient ratios. Cenzone offers a comprehensive range of products to all sectors of the animal feed industry. All the products are specifically developed and formulated to optimize animal health, productivity and the profitability of their operations.


Growers, Producers, and Farmers understand yield ⎯ They demand public relations and marketing that yield results
When you work in the agriculture/farm industry doing public relations, marketing and communications, you learn a few things about simplifying a message.
Today’s producers and growers are scientific about crop yields, better nutrition for livestock, and the perfect GPS pattern for fertilizing a given piece of land. They expect no less of a focus on sustainable best practices that yield the best margin from their public relations agency.
Public relations experience in the agricultural industry
At Write2Market, we’ve worked extensively in the agricultural business. Our work has helped our clients get major local attention as well as national coverage on NPR and in major agricultural trade media, like the piece below on Georgia Monitor about our client SunBelt.
Ag Industry Public Relations and Marketing Clients
Here are a few of the long term clients in the agriculture industry that have prepared us to work with you:
- Ecologix Environmental Systems
- ArborOne Farm Credit
- Just Organic Bamboo
- Rural America Capital Group
- SunBelt BioFuels
We love working in an industry that matters to America and the world, and we know how to help you get the attention you deserve. Contact us today and let’s get started!


5 Tips for a Beautiful Lawn
Learn how to achieve a lush and healthy lawn with our expert tips and tricks. From mowing techniques to fertilization schedules, we've got you covered!
A well-maintained lawn can enhance the beauty of your home and provide a relaxing outdoor space. In this blog post, we will share our top lawn care secrets to help you achieve a picture-perfect yard. Whether you're dealing with weeds, brown patches, or uneven growth, we have the solutions you need. Follow our advice and get ready to enjoy a vibrant and healthy lawn!


Since 2015, Rachel Beyer and Jonas Carpenter have been farming on family land in south west Monroe County. This past December, after years of hard work and saving, we closed on a small land purchase, right across the road. We are excited to spend 2018 developing this new site, building our own house and new farm infrastructure, planting trees, and improving soil. If you do not see us at market very much this season, know that we have big plans for 2019 and we look forward to providing more of our beautiful, organic produce to the Bloomington community next year! Feel free to contact us with questions at email@example.com.


Tou Kousal showcases her XAG agricultural drones for daily use in farm work
In Cambodia, agriculture plays a leading role in the economy, with over 34% of its population employed in this sector. For all the crops produced, rice is the principal staple food to feed the Cambodian and makes up around half of the GDP.
However, water shortage and rising labour cost have posed challenges to this growth engine. As farmers struggle to grow rice against all odds, agricultural innovations are gradually on the rise in Cambodia, which aspires to attain higher middle-income country by 2030.
From A Traditional Farmer To Woman Entrepreneur
Tou Kousal is the first female drone pilot to introduce drone spraying solutions in Battambang province, known as the "rice bowl" of Cambodia. As a pioneering woman entrepreneur in agriculture, she not only obtains a decent income as expected, but has also been helping local farmers boost crop yields and reduce their input cost of agrochemical, water, and labour.
Since the business started, she now owns two crop protection service teams with 7 pilots in total, which have served hundreds of farming households and covered 900ha farmlands with XAG's spray drones.
Two years ago, before piloting the farming drone business, Tou Kousal was still a farmer operating a 10-hectare field with limited access to new tools. She also ran a family agrochemical store with her husband. What advanced her decision to throw herself in the whole new realm was the Covid-19 pandemic.
Tou Kousal stood beside a paddy field with one of her drones
In October 2020, when the pandemic attacked Cambodia, she bought the first XAG agricultural drone and offered crop spraying service to farmers, who were faced with a lack of labour and material supplies. She started to see the values of drone in reducing resources and not affecting the health of workers.
"The outbreak had posed pressure in both the economy and labour market, and we had to find a way to yield more with less. When I found out XAG agricultural drones can be such a solution, I was determined to start the new agri-journey," said Tou Kousal.
A Bumpy Road To Challenge The Tradition
As the social media network spread across the rural community, Kousal like many others also used Facebook for friend connection and entertainment."I had seen a lot of companies advertising spraying drones on the platform but none of them grabbed my interest, until XAG's Cambodian distributor Red Sparrow brought the XAG innovations in front of me," she said.
Tou Kousal and Red Sparrow in a field show introducing XAG to the locals
Autonomous flight and precision spraying are the two most outstanding features for Kousal's consideration. This means that less water and pesticides are needed to cultivate crops, while the burden of manual labour can be relieved.
Traditional rice farming in Cambodia heavily relies on rainfall and manual spraying. Despite spending a lot of time, money, and physical effort, farmers often found themselves with low yield and therefore undesirable revenue. As a farmer herself, she was aware of the urgency to make a change and then discovered the possibility of what XAG agricultural drones can do in crop production.
Although drone has numerous benefits in saving costs, making it accepted by farmers was never an easy job. Without any knowledge of new tech, most farmers in Cambodia did not trust the capability of the drones in providing good care to their field crops.
To gain farmers' recognition, Kousal and her team conducted a series of demonstrations on fields by comparing the performance between drone spraying and manual spraying. The results from drones are shown convincing in efficiency and precision, which has dispelled the misgivings and increased the popularity of drone service.
Local farmers watched the demonstration of XAG agricultural drone spraying crops
In just a year, the performance of drone-based crop protection has been witnessed and recommended through word-of-mouth. An increasing number of Cambodian farmers are willing to have a try and encourage Kousal to expand the size of her service team.
"XAG drones can be set up easily and fast, and thanks to that a team of 2 to 3 people can spray 10 to 30 acres per day." In the past, the same workload could take several days for farmers to complete with hand sprayer. Kousal explained that this new form of spraying solution does not damage crops and helps increase crop yields by 10% to 15%.
XAG agricultural drone is guarding the rice in Cambodia
The advancement of technology not only promotes food productivity in Cambodia, but also empowers rural women to fight poverty. Beyond the role of next-generation farmer, Tou Kousal considers herself more of an entrepreneur and forerunner, who are also educating more modern farmers to boost Cambodia’s agriculture.


The Southern African region has a deficit of over 7.3 million metric tons of Maize for the 2016/17 marketing season. This came to light during A stock monitoring Committee held today, 26th August 2016 at the Ministry of Agriculture Offices in Lusaka. According to FEWSNET, the estimated Deficits for Malawi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Zimbabwe and South Africa are 953,000, 2.25 million tons, 1.75 million tons and 2.39 million tons respectively. The meeting noted that the high demand of maize in the region has increased Zambia’s informal trade especially in the Eastern Province. The meeting further noted that there was active participation of private players during the current marketing season. Concern was however raised on the continued inconsistencies in the national maize marketing policies which was affecting the planning of the private sector. It was therefore proposed that a sub-committee convenes next week to propose a marketing strategy that would ensure sustained and expanded production to not only meet the national requirements but also increase Zambia’s exports of maize into the region. It was further noted that purchases of maize by the Food Reserve Agency had been slow and proposed that government quickly pays farmers it owes over their supply of maize to FRA as this might trigger additional supplies from farmers. In attendance was representation from the Food Reserve Agency (FRA), farmers, traders and millers among others.


In Memory of June Davis Davidson. Your spirit lives on through the many words you left us.
With the ever-escalating cost of produce, you can save money and still feed your family a nutritional diet by planting a Victory Garden in the corner of your backyard. A small plot of earth will provide a family with red, green and yellow vegetables all summer long; plump red tomatoes, yellow crook-neck squash, butter or green beans, purple eggplants, dark green leafy collards, cucumbers and red skin potatoes are hearty choices for the miniature southern garden.
These small gardens were originally called War Gardens and Victory Gardens during World War II when canned goods, sugar, meat and gas were rationed. War gardens helped provide food for the family and prevented a food shortage, ensuring a food supply for the military during the war. There were approximately two million victory gardens in the United States during this period, producing almost half of the food grown in America. .
A family affair
Engaging your children in gardening will be the perfect time to discuss the nutritional value of each vegetable grown. Not all will enjoy planting and gathering their crop, but most enjoy the hands-on experience and learning about soil preparation and the methods of planting and harvesting a victory garden.
The tomato is called the world’s healthiest vegetable because it’s rich in the anti-oxidant, lycopene. In the early 1930s, tomato clubs were formed in schools to teach girls about growing this popular and versatile tomato. Tomato Clubs would later become known as the 4-H Club, which began in Mississippi.
Tomato plants require staking, Wire cages, available at most any store with a home and garden department, can be used year after year. Six tomato plants will be sufficient for most families.
1) Scalding washed whole tomatoes will aid in removing the skin before canning or freezing.
2) Wash all vegetables thoroughly before preparing.
3) Add a tablespoon of vinegar in simmering pot of snap beans to preserve the rich dark green color.
4) Fruit and tomatoes should be refrigerated indoors to prevent fruit flies.
5) Take a soil sample to the County Extension service to test for your soil requirements.
6) Plant in full sun, or at least morning sun in a well-prepared bed to achieve maximum crop results.
7) Plant by the moon phase; underground crops such as potatoes are planted when nights are dark. Above ground crops are planted when the moon is full.
8) The Farmers Almanac’s is free booklet filled with useful information for the beginning gardener.
9) A tablespoon of vinegar in simmering dark green snap beans preserves the color.
Then and Now
Years ago, our grandparent used wood poles, attaching wire to the top, which ran the length of the row. Twine was added and zigzagged from the wire and anchored to the ground to allow the beans to grow up the twine. With Victory Gardening, do what the Native American’s did. Plant beans near the base of corn stalks and let the beans grow up the stalk. Not only will this reduce gardening work, but is aesthetically pleasing to the eye.
From the garden to the table
Instead of a hamburger or hot dog meal, gather a couple of nice size green tomatoes. Wash and slice the tomato into thick pieces, salt, pepper and meal before frying in that seasoned iron skillet grandma gave you. Serve fried green tomatoes between a layer of bread spread lightly with mayonnaise and a leaf of dark green lettuce before you lightly toast the sandwich in a buttered skillet. Serve with a side of vegetable soup made from your garden; tomatoes, beans, corn kernels and okra and a quarter of an onion, simmered with a dash of salt, pepper, oregano and basil for a easy and delicious hearty meal.
Thoroughly washed and freshly cooked collard greens can’t be beat for flavor; garnish them with a dollop of sour cream and serve. A dish of cucumber and diced tomatoes is a cool,refreshing addition to your dinner table during the summer months. These two vegetables contains nutrients that decrease during the cooking cycle. Season and cook young, slender green beans in a wok. Scrap corn off the cob, add butter, salt and pepper and bake until done. Less butter is needed to season food than imitation margarine.
The Gardener’s chore
Victory Gardens are easy to maintain and require little work, other than preparing the soil for planting, just keep the weeds at bay and water. Sit back and watch it grow and produce. A rule of thumb is to plant one row about 14 feet long for each vegetable, except for eggplants, cabbage, cucumbers, and radishes. A tiller comes in handy for breaking up the ground, but this can also be done with a shovel, although this takes longer and requires more effort. You’ll need a hoe regardless, to keep the weeds at bay. A weed free garden helps reduce pests. Some plant marigolds between vegetable rows because they claim marigolds keep insects away from vegetable plants, although there is no scientific proof that supports this theory. After the harvest, can or freeze excess vegetables, but follow FDA safety instructions on canning.
From acres of vegetables on family farms in the rural south to the small Victory Garden in our backyard, we can still supplement our diet with wholesome, healthy and additive free food.
So, grab your straw hat . . . its time to plant!
June Davis Davidson is the author of Country Stores of Mississippi, Images of Meridian and coauthor of Legendary Locals of Meridian. She is a member and former board member of the Mississippi Writers Guild and currently serves as the Meridian Chapter head. June is member of Mississippi Alliance for Arts Education and is listed on the Mississippi Arts Commission as a literary artist.


Food for Thought: Switzerland’s Culinary Landscape
The 2018 Soirée Suisse was held on Wednesday at the Embassy of Switzerland in Washington, D.C. “Food for Thought” was the evening’s theme, bringing Switzerland’s Culinary Landscape to the center of attention and honoring two exceptional chefs—Henry Haller and Daniel Humm— with the Tell Award for their impact on the culinary scene in the United States.
The theme of the Soirée Suisse was all about food, and our guests were taken on a Swiss culinary journey through food mappings, culinary landmarks, and live cooking stations. Thanks to Nestlé, this year’s Soirée Suisse partner, the life of a honeybee became a vivid reality through Häagen Dazs’s virtual reality experience. Guests also had the opportunity to discover “augmented food” designs—such as moving desserts and musical chocolate—and to learn more about the importance of water conservation in rice farming.


Organic Food: Everything You Need to Know About Organic Food
In recent times organic farming has experienced an increase in popularity since people are more conscious of the negative health effects of their food. Today, consumers are aware of the risks associated with traditional meals previously not recognized. There’s been a substantial increase in the supply of non-treated food items due to this increased demand for Organic Food. The collection of healthy food products has increased dramatically because of the increased availability.
A Brief Overview of Organic Food
Overall, farm management and production of Organic food farming strive for the sustainable cultivation of land, high-quality goods, and practices that do not damage the environment or harm human, plant, and animal health and health. Here is what you need to know about organic food.
Which Foods Are Considered to Be Organic?
Organic food is food produced sustainably. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) research shows that a governing regulatory body acknowledges and recognizes organic farms wherever it is made. The farm has to be free of chemical use for a time frame to get certified.
There are no industrial fertilizers or pesticides that should be used, and genetic engineering should not be used to alter the crop’s genes. Antibiotic injections and genetic tampering should be avoided in livestock. It is also essential that animals have access to outdoor space and aren’t placed in cramped spaces.
Read also: Six Most Effective Diet Plans to Lose Weight
Organic food has many benefits
Organic food is the best advantages in terms of health and security. Chemical residues are eliminated since no pesticides, or industrial fertilizers were used in the production process. Most of the chemicals identified here are potentially harmful, although in low concentrations. If they build up in huge amounts, they can have devastating impacts on the body.
For example, they can contribute to the creation of cancer. Also, environmental contamination can be reduced when chemicals are not utilized. Additionally, there is a significant benefit to better nutrition. When left to their own devices, plants, and animals create many phytochemicals and antioxidants. Fresher and more flavorful food can be found in new, unprocessed food items.
To learn more visit Organic food | Definition, Policies, & Impacts
Buy Organic Foods
If you wish to buy natural foods, many options are available. However, while it’s not required, purchasing straight from the farms or local markets is recommended. This is because local, fresh foods are readily available at the market. They are also less costly because you don’t have to cover the expensive freight cost of buying things from a distant supplier.
The best time to purchase is during peak times. Because of the oversupply, the prices have fallen dramatically. Buying in bulk also allows you to earn discounts on your purchases. If you don’t have a local organic farm in the area, you should shop online to save time and money.
Recipes for Organic Food
More individuals are turning to natural food recipes over those that require traditional ingredients, which makes it easy to get the previously-used recipes. Many websites offer basic food recipes if you search for “organic food recipes” on Google. Recipes can also be found in your local library. These recipes are important in helping you transition and stay with your healthy eating lifestyle.
Related article: The Benefits of Health Information Technology in Today’s Society