Now that spring has arrived, it's time to think about how you can protect your gardens, properties, and landscaping with mulch! Luckily, Victory Gardens Inc. has multiple types of mulching that will satisfy both your functional and aesthetic needs. Whether you need just enough mulching for your lawn or you're in need of a source for wholesale mulch supply in PA, Victory Gardens Inc. should be your first call. The following are just a few of the many mulching types currently available for delivery, along with recommendations for usage.
● Black and brown dyed mulch - Perfectly colored to match any property, dyed mulching from Victory Gardens Inc. is triple shredded for the softest texture. Dyed mulch is perfect for when you want to add beauty and aesthetic value to a residential or commercial property. You won't have to worry about increasing your carbon footprint ether--Victory Garden Inc. only uses 100% eco-friendly dye!
● Premium bark mulch - When you purchase bark mulch from Victory Gardens Inc., you can rest with the peace of mind that comes along with knowing that you won't receive a product full of wood filler. Bark mulch is perfect for mulching steeper grades and banks because you won't have to worry about it slipping and sliding away once April's showers come in full swing. The mulching knits itself together, making it especially resistant to the elements and lawnmowers.
● Triple shred root blend. - A perfectly economical choice for larger mulching projects, the triple shred root blend is the most affordable mulching option from Victory Gardens Inc. Made from an organic blend of roots, this mulch boasts a beautiful and natural brown-red hue!
Whether you're in need of bulk mulch or garden soil in Doylestown PA, Victory Gardens Inc. is here to beautify your property this spring season! Give us a call at 215-395-9725 today to get started!
The sun is shining, the birds are singing, and it’s officially time to get outside and start gardening again! Whether you’re a casual gardener looking to spruce up your home with a few well-placed floral beds or you’re a professional landscaper ready to help keep your clients’ properties looking great, take a tip from Mother Earth this year and try employing one of these four eco-friendly gardening tips from our team at Victory Gardens, Inc., one of the leading landscape suppliers in Bucks County. The planet will thank you!
● Skip the weed killer - You don’t need a degree in environmental science to guess that chemical weed killers are toxic for both local plant growth and the animals and insects that call Pennsylvania their home. Instead of spraying for weeds, try a more natural alternative to control weed growth; being consistent with your weeding, laying mulching every season, and spraying weeds that do pop up with a mixture of water and white vinegar can all help to keep unexpected guests away without causing harm to the environment.
● Save water by watering deeply—not more often. - It may seem counterintuitive that watering less often can actually make your plants stronger. However, what matters more than how much you water is when you water. Focus your watering earlier in the season, and water only during the early hours of the morning—this will allow you to use less water while also encouraging your plant’s roots to grow deeper and stronger.
● Choose a mulch without toxic dyes. - Dyed mulches may look great, but they are often colored using harsh chemicals that can cause runoff in the rain. Look for mulching that is dyed the natural way—for example, the mulching available from Victory Gardens, Inc. is colored using 100% Earth-approved methods. As a stone supplier serving Bucks County, PA, and the surrounding areas, we also offer stone delivery for your property.
● Choose local - Buying native, locally adapted plants isn’t just good for the planet, it’s also great for your wallet. Local plants are more likely to have developed an immunity to your community’s pests, allowing you to spend less time and fewer chemicals controlling them.
Interested in learning more about eco-friendly gardening and mulching? Victory Gardens, Inc. is here to help! Give us a call today at 215-395-9725 to get started!
It might be hard to believe, but spring is right around the corner. If you’re interested in cultivating a beautiful garden this season, now is the time to get ready. At Victory Gardens, Inc., we provide customers with mulch, soil, and compost. We know that you’re excited for the change of seasons, and we’ve got a few helpful pointers to help get your garden ready for spring.
One of the first steps to consider when planning for your garden is gathering your supplies. You’ll want to have a few good shovels on hand as well as a rake. Clean off your tools with some soap and water. Then, get your gardening gloves out of the shed and prepare for some fun.
Spring is the time to break up all of the soil that’s been dormant through winter. Doing so will guarantee a more productive season for your garden. Loosening your soil before any planting is important because it allows you to remove any sort of rocks or roots that might get in the way of your planting.
You can use a garden shovel or fork to turn your soil when you have dry conditions. Try to remember not to turn your soil when it's wet because doing so will leave you with solid clods of earth. After you’ve broken up your soil, you can add your compost. Coat your garden with a half-inch, or even a full inch of compost layer. This compost will give your soil a fresh blast of nutrients that will increase its ability to absorb water and nourish seedlings.
Planning your garden is probably the most important part. Find out what zone you are in, and then determine which flowers and vegetables are best for your particular location. If you need ideas, you can always head to your local nursery and get a few recommendations from the experts. Many websites even have garden planning tools that you can try out to see what will work best at your home.
As a guide, think about planting so that you get blooms for all seasons. Mix perennials with annuals so that you keep a steady stream of color all year long. It’s also a good idea to think about planting based on height. This will ensure that taller plants don't block sunshine from the shorter ones.
For more information regarding spring garden preparation, contact us at 215-395-9725.
If you're a property manager or avid gardener, you know that mulching can help to keep your plants and flowers looking great and healthy all year-round. However, you might not like the look that traditional mulching brings to your property. If wood chip mulching or compost are ruining the style of your landscaping, dyed mulch made with water-based color can provide an aesthetically pleasing option that's better for the environment.
Dyed mulches from Victory Gardens, Inc. provide a gorgeous complement to any garden or landscape, and can be contrasted against the color of your plants or flowers for a vibrant "pop" that adds curb appeal or catches the attention of customers or buyers. There are a number of methods that can be used to color mulch, but you'll want to ensure that your mulching is dyed using a water-based coloring. Water-based coloring is a natural option that will help ensure that the roots of your plants won't be poisoned with unnecessary acrylics or chemicals, and you won't have to worry about the effects that the coloring is having on your skin after working with mulch all day. Water-based dyes are also safer for surrounding plants and animals, making it a safer way to add a little color to the landscape.
You'll have to stay conscious and proactive if you want to keep your colored mulch looking bright. Because the coloring is water-based and thus soluble in conditions of rain and flooding, you should monitor the weather and lay your mulching when the forecast predicts clear skies for at least two days. For maximum color, you will also want to replace your mulching once a year, as the sun can cause color to fade throughout the changing seasons.
All of the dyed mulch from Victory Gardens, Inc. is created using a water-based dye, and are delivered right to your door or work site. If you're interested in learning more about the benefits of choosing mulch dyed the more natural way, give the team at Victory Gardens, Inc. a call today at 215-395-9725, or pay us a visit online at http://victorygardensinc.com/.
If you own or care for horses, you probably already know that these beautiful beasts require a lot of attention and care to be kept clean, healthy, and happy! What you might not already know is that Victory Gardens, Inc. does way more than land clearing and mulch delivery. Our team also provides a number of equine services that can help to keep your four-legged best friends feeling and looking better all year-round! Read on to learn more about three equine services that Victory Gardens can provide to you or your business:
● Horse park management. If you own a race track or other equine center, you know that keeping the horses’ stalls clean is a full-time job! Victory Gardens, Inc. can gather, store, and haul all waste, while also helping to ensure that the horses always have fresh bedding, making your job a little bit easier!
● Manure removal. Make 2018 the year that you worry a little less about piles of manure sitting around on your property with help from our team. Victory Gardens, Inc. offers a variety of container sizes to help remove all manure and waste from your property, and we even offer creative financing options to help you offset the cost!
● Cost-effective bedding options. Your horses need bedding, and Victory Gardens, Inc. is able to provide fresh and affordable sawdust options straight from our facilities. We offer both bagged and bulk products, so you won't have to worry about making more than one trip to get the bedding that you need.
Now is the perfect time to make 2018 your best, cleanest, and most well-managed year yet with a little help from Victory Gardens, Inc.! Give us a call today at 215-395-9725 to learn more about these and other equine services that our team can provide to you this year, or pay us a visit online at http://victorygardensinc.com/.
The winter season has officially arrived in Pennsylvania! If you've noticed that the temperature has started to drop, then your plants have, too. Mulching before or during the winter season can help to keep your property looking sharper when the spring season arrives and plants come out of dormancy. Here are three benefits of taking the time to schedule a mulch delivery in Bucks County, PA today!
● Mulching helps provide insulation. If you've used mulching in your garden before, then you probably already know one of the benefits that mulching provides is insulation from the burning summer sun. However, mulching also helps to keep out chilly winter weather as well, helping you minimize the damage to your soil due to ice and snow buildup.
● Mulching helps to retain moisture. Trees, shrubs, and other permanent plantings can face a difficult time getting water to their roots when the ground is covered in a layer of ice during the winter. Using mulching around larger plants helps absorb water from the snow, leaving them better hydrated.
● Late winter mulching helps prevent weed growth into spring. Adding one last layer of mulching right before the spring season arrives is recommended because it helps to curb weed growth. When you mulch, weed seeds have a more difficult time getting into the soil to germinate; you can take advantage of this and leave yourself with less work when it comes time to begin planting again!
Mulching in the winter is an affordable, practical, and smart way to help keep your garden safe from hard frosts and leave them looking sharper come spring. Companies providing wholesale mulch supply in PA like Victory Gardens, Inc. make it even easier to prepare your planting beds, trees, shrubs, and walkways for the coldest months of the year! Give our team a call today at 215-395-9725 to learn more!
No matter if you're a homeowner looking to make your garden or backyard sparkle this fall or if you're a business owner providing landscaping services, you probably already have first-hand experience when it comes to understanding the importance of mulching. Choosing the right mulch can mean the difference between a yard or job site that looks okay to one that looks fabulous, so taking the time to find the right supplier for your mulch is a smart idea. But did you know that your local company providing land clearing in New Jersey also likely sells mulch? It's true! Here are three good reasons to quit buying your mulch commercially and allow a land clearing service like Victory Gardens, Inc. to be your landscape suppliers in Montgomery County.
● It's all natural. When you buy mulch from a commercial store, it has likely been treated with pesticides and chemicals to help preserve its shelf life and last through the transportation process. When you make the local choice and buy it in bulk from us, you're much more likely to choose a product that has not been treated with harsh chemicals.
● It's more environmentally friendly. Purchasing mulch from a local land clearing company is more environmentally friendly because the materials from which the mulch is made (grubbed roots, trees, stumps, etc.) are removed from the land-clearing process anyway - so you won't need to worry about killing any extra trees with your mulching.
● It supports local businesses. When you purchase mulch at a large chain store, you're putting money into the pockets of an outsourced company. On the other hand, when you purchase mulch from a local land clearing company, you don't just get a more natural product - you also put money back into your own community.
Ready to make the more naturally, environmentally-friendly choice for your mulching needs? Give Victory Gardens, Inc. a call today at 215-395-9725 to learn more, or visit us online at http://victorygardensinc.com to view our current specials and find out which products are currently in stock. Here at Victory Gardens, Inc., our goal is to not only provide you with the garden supplies and services that you need but also to make the world a more beautiful place.
Are you looking for some simple and cost-effective ways to boost your property’s curb appeal this fall? The changing seasons are often a great time to think about making a few simple upgrades to your property that will have a positive impact on its aesthetic appeal. At Victory Gardens, Inc., we’ve got five tips to help you instantly boost the curb appeal of your property this fall season. Upping your property’s curb appeal makes it both easier to sell and nicer to look at, so it’s a win-win situation.
1. Spruce up your front door.
The entrance to your home is its focal point. You can make a bold statement by simply dressing up your front door with some fresh paint or even with a new custom installation. Think about small changes that make big differences, like polishing the door fixtures or replacing old knobs. A wreath made out of natural materials to bring out the color of your garden mulch is also a great idea. If you’re looking for landscape suppliers in Montgomery County, then count on Victory Gardens, Inc. We can supply you with mulch to suit a wide range of property upgrades.
2. Install some edging.
One of the best ways to upgrade the look of your property this fall is to install some edging. Don't use the cheap plastic material. Instead get ahold of some durable material such as fiberglass, aluminum or steel. Lay down the pattern that you want and then make an incision with the edging. Fill with a variety of natural stone that best matches the overall look of your property. At Victory Gardens, Inc., we supply homeowners and business owners with a wide range of landscaping materials to complete any edging project to perfection.
3. Create a flagstone wall.
Another quick and simple way to give your property a boost is by creating a flagstone wall. To do this, you'll need to dig a trench that’s a few inches deep and wide enough to accommodate your flagstones. Use pea gravel or sand for tamping and leveling, then lay out the flagstones to assess their size. Once you’ve selected the pieces you like, start stacking from smallest to largest. Backfill the space with gravel. If you need help with the design or with the construction, Victory Gardens, Inc. can help. We provide our customers with a wide range of cost-effective landscaping materials such as mulch, topsoil, and stone.
4. Make a tree surround.
Making a tree surround is yet another way to quickly boost your property’s curb appeal. Creating a tree surround will cut back on your mowing, and it will look great, too. All you need to do is dig a circular trench and add some sand, brick, stone or cement. At Victory Gardens, Inc., we’ve got a huge selection of stone that looks perfect when used for a tree surround.
5. Add a berm.
If you’ve got a relatively flat front lawn, adding a berm is a great way to boost your property's curb appeal. Berms are a simple way of adding a splash of color to your space by planting plants and trees. You can use stones to create your berm, as well. What’s nice about berms is that it has curves and roundness so that you can get creative with the design and backfill material. If you need help with land clearing in New Jersey or if you just need to buy some mulch for a home improvement project, stop in or all Victory Gardens, Inc., today.
If you own a plot of land that needs to be cleared, then you probably already know that the process isn't as easy as running a bulldozer over the plot of land and calling it a day. The best services that provide land clearing in Monmouth County, NJ, and other local areas, offer a host of land clearing services to make sure that the job is thoroughly done and ready to be constructed upon without environmental interruptions. Here are three services that you'll want to ensure that any service providing land clearing in Bucks County, PA offers before signing a contract:
● Clearing and cutting. One of the most significant services you'll need if you're preparing a lot for construction is the professional clearing of brush and cutting down of any trees that might have begun growing in the lot. Land clearing services use professionally heavy equipment to quickly and safely get the job done. You should not attempt to perform any kind of logging on your lot if you aren't a professional, as this carries a high risk of injury if performed by an amateur.
● Grubbing. "Grubbing" is a process that involves running a thick and specially designed rake over your property to pull up any leftover roots and small plants that were too small to be cleared away by the larger machinery. Grubbing processes are important because they clear out the leftover roots that can eventually sprout new plants on the land you're constructing on.
● Structure demolition. If there are any old buildings on your property, it's important that your land clearing service employs a professional demolition crew to safely remove the structure. Buildings require a special crew to remove because there may be sewer, electrical lines, water pipes, and other special structural features that need to be shut down before they are removed.
Here at Victory Gardens, Inc., we’re here for you and your land. Whether you’re seeking land clearing services to clear that lot and make room for improvements, or you’re looking for bulk mulch to either use or sell to your customers, you can rely on us. To learn more about land clearing services you may need before a construction project, give us a call at 215-395-9725.
Summer might be over, but that doesn't mean that gardening comes to an end. Putting a garden to sleep the right way in the fall will make it much easier to wake up in the spring. It’s also better for the overall health of the garden, too. At Victory Gardens, Inc., we work hard to make sure that all of our residential and commercial gardeners have exactly what they need for fall gardening. The following three tips will help you prepare your soil for the upcoming fall and winter seasons.
1. Clean up and compost.
Unprotected gardens are subject to the harsh elements. Why not take the time to cover your garden beds and let them sleep safe and sound under the soil? The first step in the process is to clean up any dead plant material and debris that might have settled on the top layer of your garden. Take this debris and turn it into a compost pile. If you aren’t quite prepared to make a compost pile, you can still shred the plant material and press it close to the soil. This will help facilitate the decomposition process.
2. Plant cover crops.
By planting cover crops, you give your garden a chance to thrive because cover crops keep soil microbes alive and they also rejuvenate your garden at the next planting time. Some simple cover crops include cereal rye and hairy vetch. Cover crops benefit your garden by suppressing weeds and even reducing soil erosion. If you are thinking about planting a cover crop this fall and you need a supplier for garden soil in Warrington, Pennsylvania, then stop in and chat with someone from Victory Gardens, Inc. We can help you with all of your fall preparation needs.
3. Allow some plants to remain.
Many vegetables, like kale, Brussels sprouts, radishes and cauliflower will do fine if they are left alone at the need of the summer gardening season. These vegetables, interestingly enough, act as lures for pests. This means that when spring hits again, these veggies will release cyanide compounds that deter wireworms. Leaving a few stalks behind is also good for attracting birds which will make a bleak winter landscape look much more lively. If you still have questions about how to get going for the fall season, or if you need to find a reliable source for wholesale mulch supply in Pennsylvania, then stop into Victory Gardens, Inc. We love to help our customers find just what they need for each season. Call us today at 215-395-9725.
Hot, dry, rainy, humid; the summer brings all types of potent weather elements with it. And while you might be either sweating to death or trying to dodge the rain (or doing both within the past hour), don’t let your garden suffer from the harsh summer weather. There are certain steps you can take to protect your garden from that super-hot, ultra-bright sunlight as well as those bursts of thunderstorms. Here at Victory Gardens, Inc., we don’t only provide land clearing services in New Jersey, but we also provide goods to keep your garden fresh. That’s why we’re called Victory Gardens! Here’s how to protect your garden from harsh weather this summer season:
● Keep an eye on the weather forecast - Keeping an eye on the weather forecast is so simple these days. Whether you have a TV, smartphone, newspaper, or any kind of internet connection, you have the weather forecast right at your fingertips. This way, you’ll see what the next steps you need to take, whether a drought is coming or a wave of thunderstorms is coming.
● Determine when and how to use water - If you’re currently going through a drought or you hear a drought is coming, it’s time to use your sprinklers. If there’s no drought in sight and it’s supposed to rain every day for the next week, turn your sprinklers off. If you have limited access to water, and you know you’re going to need to keep your soil moist in some way, consider buying and using mulch. Mulch keeps your garden moisturized for a while even when it’s hot, dry, and sunny.
● Give them some shade when they need it - We all know that plants need sunlight and water in order to grow, but what if they’re getting too much? If it’s been sunny and bright for a few weeks, you should think about providing them with some shade now and then to give them a break from the harsh sunlight. To do that, you can use anything from an umbrella to an old sheet.
If you first need some land clearing services in Monmouth County, NJ, and other local areas before you can even start building a garden, contact us! To learn more about protecting your garden this summer, give us a call at 215-395-9725.
If you need to remove lots of weeds, rusted metal, shrubbery, trees, and other miscellaneous hazards from a plot of land, there’s no better choice when it comes to getting the job done effectively and affordably than land clearing. Services providing land clearing in Monmouth County NJ have been gaining popularity with both rental property companies and consumers looking to design their own home, starting with an empty plot of land.
Land clearing is also useful for residential properties, and local customers are now turning to land clearing in New Jersey to help prepare their homes for a new pool or trampoline installation. Land clearing is also often used in response to natural disasters like hurricanes or tornados. But what is land clearing exactly, and how do you know that the company you are hiring is trustworthy?
Land clearing is the process of removing excess material, especially foliage, from a property. This can be difficult to accomplish without professional equipment because most lots include material that is too heavy for the average person to remove (like a solid tree stump) or hazardous to be touched (like a rotting log, which may carry spores that cause disease). This is done through the use of construction-grade equipment, which allows materials to be properly disposed of by professionals. Land clearing experts will start by removing the largest obstructions, then will go over the land by “grubbing,” a process that uses a long rake to clear the soil of any remaining stubborn roots stuck in the ground. The best services also provide demolition of any old or undesirable buildings, and most will provide removal services for the debris post-clearing.
If you’re looking for an expert to provide land clearing, being a smart consumer is the best thing you can do to save yourself both time and money. Remember to protect your safety by hiring professionals who are licensed and qualified.
At Victory Gardens, Inc., we take pride in being one of the top land clearing companies in Southeastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey. To learn more about clearing that patch of land, contact us at 215-395-9725.
Do you want to know what separates a good gardener from a great gardener?
A good gardener will just feed his or her plants, while a great gardener will feed the soil. Some people compare feeding just the plant to giving the plant battery life because it has a limited amount of power before it runs out, while they compare feeding the soil to using hydroelectric power because it continually uses the forces of nature to keep going. Great gardeners understand that feeding soil will also feed the plant to make it live longer, which makes it easier in the end for everyone (and everything) involved.
At Victory Gardens, Inc., we’re a land clearing company in Montgomery County, PA, and other local areas. We’re all about soil, soil mixes, soil amendments, and more, and we’d like to help you prepare your garden’s soil for the winter, so it’ll be much easier for you next spring.
1. Use one of high-quality soil products - At Victory Gardens, Inc. we sell a variety of high-quality soil products including screened and unscreened topsoil, structural fill and clean fill, PennDOT approved topsoils, mushroom soil, leaf compost, rain garden mix, and more. All of our soil products, compost products, and soil blends are periodically tested and based on project guidelines.
2. Remove weeds after the first frost - Waiting to remove weeds after the first frost can help you reduce the amount of labor you have to do. We also suggest you till under any leaves or annuals because they’ll serve as organic matter and help enrich the soil. You can place the weeds into a compost pile to be removed or recycled.
3. Spread the soil mixes or amendments over the area and till it - We have plenty of great soil products to protect your garden over the winter. Use them, and your garden will be ready to go in the spring.
We hope you use this guide to prepare your garden’s soil for the winter. If you take proper care of the soil, your garden will practically take care of itself, and you’ll also be known as a Great Gardener. To learn more about our different types of soil products, as well as our land clearing services in Monmouth County, NJ, and the surrounding areas, contact us at 215-395-9725.
Step 1 - Buy firewood from us at Victory Gardens, Inc.
Step 2 - Build a roaring fire in your home to save money on heating costs!
At Victory Gardens, Inc., we’re a land clearing company located in Bucks County, PA, that also serves the neighboring counties. We are one of, if not THE, largest manufacturer and supplier of bulk mulch and topsoil in Doylestown, PA, and other local areas. We also have a ton of top-quality firewood that’s just waiting for you. Our firewood has no pine or poplar in it; it consists primarily of ash, oak, maple, hickory, cherry, and other types of wood.
If you have an indoor fireplace, now is the time to use it. The weather is getting colder, and fall and winter are the perfect seasons for indoor fires. Using your fireplace during the cold months will help save you money on your heating and oil costs. Many people also use it for aesthetics and to provide a pleasant atmosphere during the holiday season. Remember always to think about safety first, though.
Who doesn’t like to sit next to a warm, cozy fire? Just think about it. A couple of months from now, the winter and freezing temperatures will be here, and people will be wanting to curl up next to their fireplace. At Victory Gardens Inc., we have the perfect type of firewood designed to last them through the winter months keeping them warm and their heating costs lower in the process. When someone looks outside and sees the snow coming down, instead of turning up the thermostat and increasing their heating and oil bill, all they’ll have to do is throw a few logs on the fire and light them up.
At Victory Gardens, we have the best firewood to ensure anyone with an indoor fireplace can have beautiful, crackling fires this year. Just about anyone can increase the aesthetic quality of their home by using our wood for their fireplace this winter. To learn more about our high-quality firewood, contact us at 215-395-9725 or visit our website at http://victorygardensinc.com/.
If you’ve ever been through a storm, then you probably know how damaging they can be. Sure, almost everyone likes a good storm now and then, but sometimes they can be destructive and require a ton of clean up. If you’re a landowner with the potential of having an enormous clean up after a storm or other natural disaster, you can benefit from our services at Victory Gardens Inc.
Maybe the storm has already happened, and you’re wondering how you’re going to clear out all those trees, rocks, branches and other debris. If you are, have no fear, because we’re at your service. Along with providing mulch and topsoil in Bucks County, PA, and the surrounding areas, we also provide disaster relief after storms.
How do you clean up after a storm?
After a storm, the biggest recovery task involves the removal of debris, including fallen trees, branches and other items that are now just taking up space.
The best and most efficient way to clean up would be to contact us at Victory Gardens Inc. We’re a fully licensed and insured company that has been providing relief from disasters for over 20 years. If you feel that the cleanup after the storm is too much for you to handle, our land clearing services in Bucks County, PA, and other local areas, will help get you back on track.
We don’t favor one area over the other. Whether you need a small job done in a residential area or a large job done at a commercial location, we’re fully equipped and ready to handle it. We provide disaster relief on local, state and even federal (FEMA) levels.
Take charge of your land
It’s wise to respect Mother Nature, but that doesn’t mean you have to fear her. Take care of your land by cleaning up after a storm and keeping it in tip-top shape. At Victory Gardens Inc., we'll help you take care of your land after a storm and ensure your needs are promptly met. We’ll work with township managers, project owners, private customers and more to make sure your property is brought back to its pre-storm condition.
To learn more about our disaster relief services, contact us at 215-395-9725.
Is your piece of land clogged with tree stumps and other types of debris? Is it preventing you from making your land what you really want it to be? If so, you may need on-site grinding and removal services. At Victory Gardens Inc., we can help you clear your space so that you can use your land for anything you need. What you use it for is your business, whether that means building a new location for your company or turning it into your own personal amusement park.
Most people don’t have much use for a piece of land that’s filled with tree stumps and waste. This is where on-site grinding and removal services come in. At Victory Gardens Inc., we not only manufacture and supply mulch and topsoil in Bucks County, PA, as well as the surrounding areas, but we also provide on-site grinding and removal services.
What are on-site grinding and removal services?
On-site grinding and removal services are basically used to make your land nicer and clearer. They can also help reduce operational costs that would be used for disposal and transportation. Grinding services minimize any bulky waste, including tree stumps, and make them easier to move. We have over 20 years of experience in the industry, and we’re confident that we can help you with any size job.
What can the equipment grind?
Our equipment can grind plenty of different objects and materials. We’ll do whatever it takes to make sure you have clear land at the end of the project. When it comes to professional mobile grinding services, our equipment can grind brush, leaves, pallets, yard waste and debris, and trees and tree stumps that are up to 45 inches in diameter. The objects that the equipment can’t grind include plastic, glass, tires, construction debris, and toxic, explosive, or flammable material.
If you have any of the material that can be ground using our equipment, and it’s too much to remove yourself, then you probably need a professional on-site grinding and removal service. At Victory Gardens Inc., we’d like to be that company. To learn more about our services, including land clearing in Bucks County, PA, and other local areas, contact us at 215-395-9725.
Clear the area folks, because Victory Gardens, Inc. is coming through! We wreck rocks and tear down trees and do everything else to make sure your lot is clean! We’ll even provide you with mulch and topsoil in Bucks County, PA, and the surrounding areas.
You can rely on us for the best lot clearing services in the land for homeowners. At Victory Gardens, Inc., we can turn any piece of land, like a pasture, wooded area, or anything else, into one that is beautiful and new. That’ll allow you to build anything you’d like on the property, like homes, barns, pools, or any other type of development.
Just think: with our lot clearing services, you can even turn a pasture filled with trees and rocks into a brand, new baseball field. Imagine hosting a game on a sunny, summer afternoon at your new field.
How do we clear the lot?
As a fully licensed and insured company, we will do everything in our power to make sure you end up with a clear and beautiful area. We understand that clearing a lot involves more than just removing an ugly, old tree; it involves the process of cutting down and hauling away trees, removing any brush or rocks in the way, and even eliminating any traces of old and decrepit buildings. This not only frees it up so you can do anything you want to it but also increases the property value of the area exponentially.
How will this help you?
Lot clearing for homeowners has almost endless benefits. Removing unwanted junk, shrubs, trees, rocks, debris, and more, allows you to do anything you’d like. Consider turning it into a backyard of fun for your kids, planting that flower garden or vegetable patch you’ve always wanted, or even an outdoor kitchen.
If you’re a homeowner with an ugly and overgrown piece of land, turn to us for a lot clearing service. We’ve been providing this service for over two decades and can ensure all of your needs are met on time. We also provide mulch and topsoil in Doylestown, PA, and other local areas. To learn more about our lot clearing services, contact us at 215-395-9725 or visit our website at http://victorygardensinc.com/.
In the left corner of the ring today we have - topsoil! And in the right corner of the ring, we have - mulch! Who will win, folks? Only time will tell!
Just kidding, topsoil and mulch aren’t going to duke it out. They both provide a plethora of benefits for your garden, and we aren’t going to see which one of the two is better. Victory Gardens Inc., a topsoil and mulch supplier in Bucks County, PA, and other local areas, is merely going to compare the two to find their similarities and differences, and see how they work hand in hand to give you the best and most beautiful garden possible.
Topsoil is exactly what it sounds like, it’s the soil at the top of the ground. It is the upper 15 to 30 centimeters of the soil. Topsoil is the most humus-rich portion of the soil, which is used to provide organic farms with productivity and fertility. If you're seeking a quality landscape, it is recommended you use quality topsoil as a foundation. It contains high concentrations of organic matter for the nourishment of plants. Victory Gardens Inc. offers screened topsoil to customers, which is considered better than unscreened. It is our best product for yard repairs, filling small holes, raising yard elevations, and growing grass.
Mulch is any material applied to the soil surface from bark to wood chips, or even sawdust and shredded yard waste. Whatever material you choose as mulch, once it is applied to the surface, it discourages weeds, provides shade, and reduces moisture loss that happens through evaporation. It also contains nutrients that are released into the soil and provides the plants with benefits so that they can live longer and healthier lives. Victory Gardens Inc. provides mulch delivery in Doylestown, PA, as well as the surrounding areas.
And the winner is...
Both of them! Okay, so that’s not the most exciting ending, but at least it’s a happy one. Topsoil and mulch both contribute their own benefits to ultimately give you a happy and healthy garden. To learn more about these two landscaping must-haves, contact Victory Gardens Inc. at 215-443-5665 or visit our website at http://victorygardensinc.com/.
It’s not duck season. It’s not wabbit season. It’s tomato season! Tomato season is that blissful time of the year between June and September when tomatoes are at their best for growing and picking. Whether you’re a tomato extraordinaire or a tomato amateur, now is the time to start growing this delicious, red fruit (not vegetable).
Tomatoes are a great addition to your garden because not only do they taste good, but they also provide you with many health benefits. Some of these benefits include preventing several types of cancer, maintaining strong bones and healthy skin, and being good for your heart, hair, kidneys, and eyes. Growing tomatoes in your own backyard is a fantastic way to receive these benefits. Here are five tips for growing delicious and healthy tomatoes:
1. Preheat your garden’s soil - Tomatoes need warm soil to grow properly, that’s why they thrive the most during the hot, summer months. A good way to preheat your garden’s soil is to cover it with black plastic a few weeks before you plant the seeds. This helps retain heat from the sunlight.
2. Bury the seeds deep - Tomato plants need to be buried deep to get the best results. By burying them deep, they develop strong roots all along their stems. And more roots mean stronger tomatoes.
3. Don’t crowd the seeds - Tomatoes will grow the best when they aren’t crowded with other seeds. Make sure the seeds are spread out far enough to give them plenty of room to branch out.
4. Mulch, but not too early - Mulch provides so many benefits for growing tomatoes. Wait about 3-5 weeks after planting and then use mulch to cover the soil. Victory Gardens can provide wholesale mulch supply in PA or can provide mulch delivery in Doylestown, PA, as well as other local areas.
5. Water them regularly - Although it may be obvious, tomatoes need to be watered regularly to thrive. They generally need about 1 inch of water per week, but they may need more if it’s hot or dry. You can ease up on the watering once they begin to ripen.
So bring along your green thumbs and grow your tomatoes like no tomato has ever been grown before! To learn more about growing tomatoes, contact Victory Gardens at 215-395-9725 or 1-800-TOP-SOIL.
I’m guessing you’re here because your garden is going wild, and not in a good way. The topsoil in your Doylestown, PA garden looks ugly, and there are weeds everywhere. Certain types of pests, some that are winged and some that go by the six or eight-legged variety, are conquering the land that you worked so hard to perfect. But never fear, mulch will come to the rescue and restore that beauty back into your life. Although it may come as a surprise to many, mulch can provide gardens with an almost limitless amount of benefits
Mulch is defined on Dictionary.com as a covering of straw, compost, or plastic sheeting, spread on the ground around plants to prevent excessive evaporation or erosion, enrich the soil and inhibit weed growth. More simply put, mulch is the dirt that makes your garden grow and look pretty. Here are the five benefits and reasons of how mulch can do so:
1. Controls weeds and pests -Mulch blocks the sunlight and acts as a barrier so that weeds find it much harder to grow. Most mulch also contains certain oils and fragrances that act as insect repellant to reduce and even eliminate pests from your garden.
2. Retains moisture - Mulch holds the moisture in the soil and prevents precipitation from taking too much water out of it. This prevents the good plants from drying out quickly.
3. Prevents soil from eroding - Just as mulch holds moisture in the soil, it also protects the soil and keeps rain water from washing it away. It breaks the fall of the water and lessens the impact of the rain against the soil.
4. Controls the soil nutrients - Mulch will keep soil nutrients from being washed away by the rain but will also help release nutrients into the soil if you are using an organic material.
5. Builds a home for earthworms - Earthworms will begin to move in and occupy the soil. Although it may be hard for you to believe, this actually improves soil structure and nutrient cycling.
This is how mulch will become your garden superhero and save the day. If you’d like to learn more about the benefits of mulch or schedule a mulch delivery in Doylestown, PA, please contact 1-800-TOP-SOIL.
Looking for something to supercharge your garden soil? Mushroom compost might be your best bet. Despite its slightly misleading name, mushroom compost isn’t comprised of fungi. Instead, it’s an inexpensive byproduct of the mushroom-growing process. Growers use organic materials like straw, peat, gypsum, manure, corn cobs, poultry and other organic materials to create a nutrient-rich compost that, when used correctly, can greatly improve growing conditions in your garden. At Victory Gardens Inc., we combine mushroom compost and soil with organics to create our best-selling mushroom soil mix. Whether you’re using our mix or creating your own, read this first to learn more about how to use this gardening secret.
Mushroom compost, as we mentioned above, is made up of different organic ingredients that, when combined, create a nutrient-rich mix. It’s best for raising beds, creating new beds and amending existing soil, and it supports the growth of most plants, including fruits, herbs, flowers and vegetables. Vegetables in particular love mushroom compost since it has an alkaline pH, which creates especially favorable growing conditions for veggies that are members of the brassicas family, such as broccoli and kale.
Aside from its high nutrient content and fertilizing properties, mushroom compost also improves the structure of the soil. The lightweight mix of soil and mushroom compost is ideal for faster and longer root growth and also inhibits the growth of weeds. Mushroom compost also aids in both water drainage during rainy periods and retention during dry spells. Finally, its rich, dark appearance is undeniably appealing to passersby, giving your flower beds a look that you’ll be proud of as a gardener.
A word to the wise: While mushroom compost produces wonderful results with most plants, it has a high salt content, which can be detrimental for some plants. Avoid using mushroom compost if you’re trying to grow rhododendrons, azaleas, camellias and heathers, since these plants are salt-sensitive. In addition, plants like the ones just mentioned are averse to chalk, which mushroom compost contains high amounts of. If the soil that you’re growing in is already alkaline or chalky, it’s best to avoid mushroom compost. For alternative suggestions, you can call Victory Gardens Inc. at 1-800-TOP-SOIL.


We have a small farm in the northern Berkshires of Massachusetts - a post and beam c1800’s farmhouse, a barn, and a chicken coop.
Our farm represents the foundation of hard work and fresh air, and the true essence of the wholesome lifestyle of rural living. It also means surviving by the fruits of one’s labor.
Many years ago small family farming was profoundly changed by technology and government sponsored programs that supported massive and industrial farms and subsidized crops.
While unabashedly nostalgic for ‘the good ol’ days’ we are not going to reverse the clock. We seek to develop relationships with local family farms in Berkshire County and throughout New England to provide us with high quality ingredients. We seek to use local produce whenever and as much as possible.
We are encouraged that sustainable farming linked to a successful local value-added producer, marketer, and distributor, is the key to rebuilding much of what has been lost.


Knox has long supported the Rainbow Community Garden project but this year the congregation has taken on a new role of gardener. The concept of the Knox Herb and Vegetable Garden at the Rainbow Community Garden at the University of Manitoba started in late spring, the inspiration of congregation member Cynthia. Filled with her usual enthusiasm, Cynthia recruited other congregational members to become involved in the project.
Cynthia explains, “We have over 40 rows of herbs and veggies! It has grown with the assistance of Raymond, Lahki, Sabry, Duku, Natalia and Damaso. The Ryerson Boys & Girls Club is collaborating with us to water, weed and harvest our crop. Each day our plants need attention.”
The gardeners are inviting congregation members to suggest recipes which can be made with the produce. Perhaps the group will cook together in the Knox kitchen to share the harvest, which is another important tradition in the life of the congregation.
Anyone who wants to participate in any way, individually or as a group, please call Cynthia at 204-894-5430.


Damsco Group’s Plans for Agricultural Development in Syria
According to collapse expert, Luke Kemp in his article published on “BBC” website civilization is defined as “a society with agriculture.”
Agriculture is one of the essential pillars of a state’s solid foundation. As the economy is the lifeline for any civilized entity on earth, and its pulse is nourished by agriculture, industry, trade and the investing of natural resources, it was crucial to focus on restoring the agriculture of a country thorn and exhausted by eight years of war and crisis.
Damsco Group led by its founder and CEO Mohannad Al Masre, established strategic restoration plans to revive the sector of agriculture in post-war Syria, by investing in the fertile Syrian land that was neglected during the bitter years of war, which affected not only the Syrian peasant and farmer, but the entire Syrian community with all its categories.
Syrian entrepreneur, Mohannad Al Masre’s plans, cover almost all industrious and service sectors in Syria, through the active involvement of Damsco Group’s different companies in the reconstruction of the country.
According to FAO reports, the Syrian agriculture sector suffered massive losses that reached 1.8 billion US dollars by 2013. By the end of 2015, the Syrian Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform estimated the total losses of the sector by 2 billion US dollars. These numbers reached 225 billion US dollars according to the Syrian Center for Policy Research (SCPR).
International reports of UN agencies show that 9.8 million people in Syria face food insecurity, and as many as 6.8 million live in extreme adversity, which negatively impacts the agricultural projects and the grocery trade market to a threatening extent.
On the other hand, according to the reports of the Syrian Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, 7000 pine trees were planted in the country in 2017, and more than 3000 fruitful trees were planted in 2016.
Through its enterprises in the sectors of agriculture and the trade of main foodstuffs such as sugar, flour, olive and vegetable oils, Damsco Group upheld its approach in supporting the Syrian farmer regardless of the location of his land on the Syrian crisis map.
The strategy of Damsco Group was to take an equal stand to all sides, supporting the Syrian community without giving heed to the dividing classifications of the crisis, and purchasing the local agricultural produce for support price.
For the future, Damsco Group is considering the prospect of supporting agricultural projects in the governorate of Idlib, through the provision of affordable fertilizers and pesticides, as well as basic and essential agricultural equipment and machinery.
The Group is also investigating the best ways to encourage the Syrian youth to repatriate and to create opportunities for those who wish to invest in the sector of agriculture.
In this context, Damsco Group works on revitalizing the trade of Pistachio in the country, considering that growing this crop is widespread in Syria, which came in the fourth place in its production in the world after Iran, Turkey and USA (before 2011).
As growing “Aleppo pistachios” is centered in Aleppo, Hama and Idlib, Damsco Group provides safe land transportation services between the Syrian governorates and appropriates local trading markets for the crops in the Middle East.
Led by its chairman Mr. Mohannad Al Masre, Damsco Group also intends to support agricultural research for growing and cultivating Pistachio and help its production regions in Aleppo, Idlib and Hama to recover from the destruction and damage caused by the war.
In conclusion, as agriculture is the source of livelihood for humankind and civilizations, it is crucial that Syrians contribute to its development for the sustainable restoration of their country.
All the reports, numbers and tables in this article have been taken from the Syrian Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform (GFAR) and FAO.


David Hudson has extensive experience in Australian agriculture, including a 23 year career with Monsanto. David was actively involved in leading Monsanto’s efforts to develop conservation tillage and the introduction of Roundup Ready® canola and Ingard® (Bt) Cotton into Australia. More recently he was responsible for gaining regulatory approval for the first GM industrial crop (Super High Oleic Safflower) which will generate industrial grade oil for the oleo-chemical industry.
Since 2005 David has provided consulting services to clients in Australia and globally via his company SGA Solutions in the fields of seed, grain and agbiotech. David’s expertise has been sought by clients to assist in the development of strategies and business plans for the introduction of a range of innovative technologies applicable to pastures, grains, horticulture, sugar, cotton, livestock and the seafood industry. On behalf of clients David has successfully participated in negotiating a number of R & D collaboration and commercialization agreements with leading multinational agbiotech companies. For three years David was CEO of Leaf Energy an agbiotech company which focuses on the development of plant based proteins and biofuel production in sugar cane.
David has established with a colleague a new company PTM Solutions which is focused on facilitating access to the infrastructure (e.g. regulatory, laboratory, glasshouse and field trials) required to progress agbiotech technologies along the pathway to market.
David was formerly chair of the AusBiotech Ag and Food Tech committee and a member of the Agricultural Biotechnology Council of Australia, Grain Trade Australia Market Access Committee and the Australian Seed Federation Plant Breeders and Marketers Committee. In 2016 David was appointed an Honorary Fellow in the School of Agriculture and Veterinary Science – University of Melbourne. David has been an active contributor to the development of industry policies related to the stewardship of, GM crops and pastures within Australian agriculture.


I got my old composting bin back up and running today. The last time I tried to compost, my roommates were tossing in McDonald's leftovers and other nappy shit. I'm hoping this time I can keep it clean and green.
It's really easy to compost, even if you're living in an apartment. The two types I've tried with my limited space are: the bin and the pit. The pit is the easiest. All you have to do, really, is just find an out-of-the-way patch of dirt, dig a hole, fill the hole back in with the loosened soil, maybe mix in some mulch and some leaves, and then start tossing in your leftover organic waste. Every time you toss in an egg shell or the rest of that bag of lettuce that's gone bad, just turn over the dirt so that it's buried, and then let the soil and the worms do the rest. Oh, and sprinkle a bit of water in from time to time to really kick things up.
Now, I'm composting in a big storage bin I bought at Target. I drilled a bunch of drainage / aeration holes in the bottom of it, filled it up with dirt, mulch, leaves, etc...and am keeping the whole thing covered--to keep things shady, moist and, most importantly, to keep any potential stench under control. It's good to make sure you get a lot of friendly little earthworms tossed into the mix so that they can help aerate the soil even more. [Remember Oscar the Grouch's BFF Slimey? Lil earthworms are our friends.]
After a good bit of time adding raw, organic waste and turning over the dirt, you'll have your own, homemade batch of nutrient-rich soil to add to your garden or to your indoor, potted plants.


March 1, 2018
The look of your Orlando or Tampa commercial property can make all the difference. Make sure your curb appeal catches the eyes of your guests and potential customers. With just a little assistance from Baker Landscaping, will boost the appearance and enhance your property.
Spring is fast approaching, make sure your businesses stands out among the rest.
We understand your business is busy. Which is why Baker Commercial Landscaping suggest easy solutions to ensure your landscaping looks its best. We also, work with you, ensuring all of our work is convenient for business.
Fertilizing- It was a long, cold winter in Florida, it is time to wake up your landscape and lawn by fertilizing. This will enable your plants and turf to go to its greenest potential.
Irrigation System- Mother Nature and normal wear and tear can take a toll on the irrigation system. Incorporating simple and affordable irrigation upgrades and retrofits such as, rain shutoff devices, soil moisture sensors, and smart controllers, can keep your property looking its best.
Weather based smart controllers use various sensors to measure wind, humidity, solar radiation, precipitation and other factors to determine when to water the landscaping. They can be easily programmed and save up to 70 percent in water usage.
While soil monitor sensors calculate the moisture in the soil to keep your system from over watering. Rain shutoff devices keep the system from watering during the rain.
Weed Elimination- Weeds can easily make your property look unkept. Applying an environmentally friendly herbicide is one way to take care of those unsightly weeds.
Pruning & Trimming- Dead or overgrown branches on trees and shrubs can make a property look uninviting.
Baker Commercial Landscaping has served Central Florida since 1991 and offer eco-friendly solutions for all your landscaping and irrigation needs. Contact Backer Commercial Landscaping today for a free quote today.


Potted Ginseng Care: Can You Grow Ginseng In Containers
By: Teo Spengler
Ginseng(Panax spp.) is a plant that has beenused for thousands of years in Asia. It is an herbaceous perennial and oftencultivated for medicinal use. Growing ginseng requires patience and careful maintenance.It prefers to grow outdoors, either in beds or in pots. If you have questionsabout growing ginseng in containers, read on. We’ll give you information aboutpotted ginseng including tips to help container-grown ginseng thrive.
Growing Ginseng in Planters
It may surprise you to learn that ginseng is native to NorthAmerica as well as East Asia. It has dark, smooth leaves with toothed edges andtiny white flowers that develop into red berries. However, ginseng’s primaryclaim to fame comes from its roots. The Chinese have used ginseng rootmedicinally for millennium. It is said to stop inflammation, improve cognitivepower, lessen anxiety and restore vitality.
Ginseng is available in this county as a supplement and alsoin tea form. But you can grow your own ginseng in planters or pots if you don’tmind the wait. Before you embark on growing potted ginseng, you should realizethat it is a slow and long process. Whether you opt for container-grown ginsengor plant it in a garden bed, the plant roots do not mature until four to 10years have passed.
How to Grow Ginseng in Containers
Ginseng in a pot can be cultivated outdoors in temperateregions. The plant prefers an outdoor location and adapts to both frost andmild drought conditions. You can also grow potted ginseng indoors.
Pick a container about 15 inches (40 cm.) in diameter, andbe sure it has drainage holes. Use light, slightly acidic potting soil thatdrains well.
You can grow ginseng from seed or from seedlings. Note thatseeds can take up to a year and a half to germinate. They require up to sixmonths of stratification(in the refrigerator in sand or peat), but you can also buy stratified seeds.Plant them in the fall 1 ½ inches (4 cm.) deep.
To start growing ginseng in containers, it is faster to buyseedlings. The prices will vary by age of the seedling. Remember that it willtake years for the plant to reach maturity.
It’s important to place the containers out of direct sun.The plants require significant shade and only dappled sunlight. Don’t fertilizeginseng, but water potted ginseng to keep the soil moist.
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Ficus ginseng, a cute little bonsai
Ficus ginseng is a superb indoor plant that is much liked for its superb root trunk and its very ornamental foliage.
Key Ficus Ginseng facts
Name – Ficus ‘ginseng’
Scientific – Ficus microcarpa
Family – Moraceae (mulberry family)
Type – indoor plant
Height – 16 to 40 inches (40 to 100 cm), up to you
Soil – indoor plant soil mix, well drained
Exposure – abundant indirect light
Foliage – evergreen
Watering – moderate
Difficulty – easy
Leaves grow directly from the large root, producing an amazing effect.
It is easy to care for, and here is how to water it, prune it or when the best time to repot it is.
Order Seeds or Roots
Ginseng can be grown from seed or roots. Roots, of course, will reach maturity much faster than seeds. If ordering roots, do not cut them into sections. Ginseng roots must remain whole and can be planted in spring before they begin to bud, usually March or April, or in the fall after the berries have fallen.
If you live near the Appalachians within the natural range of the species, look for locally sourced seed from a trusted source, Sanders suggests. “The ideal seed will be organically grown (whether it is certified organic or not).” It is also important if ordering seeds through the mail to always buy them from a reputable grower.
Seeds from ginseng plants do not sprout the next year. They will sprout the year after falling to the ground because it will take them a year to lose the flesh of the berries that encase them and gain enough energy to sprout. This is process is called stratification. Most ginseng seeds offered for sale are stratified. "Green" seeds that have not been stratified are available, often at half the price of stratified seeds. Many ginseng growers prefer to pay the higher price of stratified seeds rather than wait a year on green seeds to become viable.
How to Plant Ginseng
The main requirement for growing ginseng at home is patience. Seeds can take up to 18 months just to germinate and seeds must be stratified first as well. So unless you locate seeds that have been stratified already, which is a task in and of itself, you will need to store your seeds in sand or peat in a refrigerator for six months before you can begin germination.
Once you have an actual plant in the ground, it’s another five to ten year wait before you will be able to harvest your first ginseng root. Purchasing seedlings cuts out a lot of the preparatory time, but it will cost extra money as well.
Plant ginseng seeds in the fall or early winter when the ground is slightly moist, preferably just after a light rain or snow. Space seeds 14 to 18 inches apart . Sow seeds a quarter inch deep, and cover by pressing down on the soil. Then, cover the planting area with a three inch layer of leaf debris mulch.
The process of planting ginseng seeds can actually be rather complicated as well. Some suggest planting ginseng by scattering seed, some by scattering seed individually. Some experts posit that because ginseng grows happily in the wild, it’s best to mimic its native habitat to grow it properly. General planting suggestions include spacing seeds three inches apart and covering loosely with just three fourths of an inch of soil medium.
Care for Ginseng
Ginsing prefers a consistently moist soil and needs a lot of shade. It is important when picking a location, to choose an area that mimics the plant’s native habitat. Amending your soil base with some peat moss and mulching with leaf litter will help to improve drainage and boost moisture retention. Extra watering is only necessary in drought conditions.
If you amend your soil well, no fertilization is necessary for ginseng, and additional food may actually negatively affect your plant growth. Amend with lots of organic compost.
How to Propagate Ginseng
Ginseng can only be propagated by seed. You can’t create a new plant from cuttings or root division. Propagating from seed can be difficult and seeds should be stratified before sowing. The easiest way to add ginseng plants is to buy established plants. The age of the plant you buy will determine how long you may have to wait for the plant to mature and develop roots large enough to harvest. The older and more established ginseng plant that you buy, the closer it will be to maturity and the smaller the amount of time you will have to wait to harvest it.
Garden Pests and Diseases of Ginseng
Ginseng plants are known to have problems with a few fungal diseases, especially when exposed to poor soil, and overcrowded growing conditions with inadequate air circulation. The common garden diseases known to trouble ginseng crops are leaf blight, damping-off, and root rot.
Prevent disease growth by giving your plants the best care and providing ginseng’s preferred growing conditions. Providing each of your ginseng plants with plenty of space and ample air circulation, as well as conditions similar to the plant’s natural growing environment, will help reduce the chance of disease. Most of the diseases that attack ginseng are fungal, so you may want to keep some fungicide on hand to spray your plants with at the first sign of infection.
Two garden pests known to attack ginseng are slugs and cutworms. Lay out beer baits to drown slugs. Just a small amount of beer poured into a shallow dish will distract the slimy, leaf-eating ne’er-do-wells. Other organic control methods for slugs include picking them off by hand and drying them out by mulching with sawdust.
Cutworms can destroy leaf tissue and leave unsightly messes in your garden beds. Manage cutworms with pesticides. Other insects might attack the ginseng plant, but none cause significant damage. Larger pests, such as mice, have been known to beat you to harvest, eating the roots of ginseng plants before they can mature. Deer have been known to annihilate entire ginseng crops.
Harvesting Laws for Ginseng in the USA
Because of popular demand and limited supply, state and federal laws involving ginseng production and harvesting are constantly shifting to highlight growing trends and to prevent over-harvesting. You don’t have to worry about harvesting laws when it comes to reaping crops that you grow in your own garden, however, it is always good to know the rules and limitations involving harvesting ginseng that is growing in the wild, in case you happen upon some and are considering adding the wild roots to your cupboard stock.
How to Harvest Ginseng
When ginseng finally reaches maturity, the root can be harvested during autumn. To harvest, gently dig around the plant until the root is exposed. Carefully work the root out of the soil, using your hands to dig around the root to free it from the soil without damaging its delicate runners. To preserve the root for extended periods, it can be dried and either sliced or grated.
How to Dry and Store Ginseng Root
There are several ways to dry ginseng root for storage. Different methods involve various drying methods using fans, stoves, heaters, and dehumidifiers. For small harvests, commercial herb drying systems are available, but they will not work for large root harvests. Large drying systems are available on the market, but prices are exorbitant.
Whichever drying method you decide on, the most important element to proper ginseng drying is timing. Rushing the drying process will result in inferior ginseng. Allowing ginseng too much drying time will result in mold issues.
There are two elements that need to be perfect to dry ginseng roots properly. Those elements are temperature and ventilation (or air circulation). Before drying, wash off your freshly harvested ginseng roots using a low pressure water stream. Never use water pressure or scrubbing to clean the roots, as bursts of strong water pressure and hand-scrubbing can easily bruise or damage the roots. Typically, ginseng roots are placed on drying racks or screens which provide good airflow.
Spread the roots out so that they do not touch each other. Occasionally rotate the roots to insure that they are drying equally on all surfaces. Keep temperatures between 70 and 100 degrees. Temperature, humidity, weather, and drying method all play a part in the time needed to dry ginseng roots.
With drying temperatures set at room temperature, or 70 degrees F, it should take around one to two weeks for the roots to dry out completely. Obviously smaller roots dry out more quickly than larger ones, which can take as much as six weeks to fully dry. Keep a close eye on the roots as they are drying to make sure that they are drying equally on each side. Roots that were dried correctly snap in two with ease and should be all-white inside, with no visible mold residue.
Once ginseng roots are completely dry and ready for storage, place them into paper bags or boxes. Never store roots in plastic bags or containers because plastic is known to raise humidity levels and can cause roots in storage to develop mold.
Ginseng root can be used to provide an all-natural energy boost, improve cognitive function, slow the affects of aging, increase sexual performance, reduce stress, and more. Growing the root in your garden can be very rewarding and even profitable, as long as you have plenty of patience and a good growing environment. Growing ginseng is a challenge, but one that any gardener can enjoy.
How to Grow Ginseng Indoors to Reap Its Amazing benefits
With all of the health enhancement and life extension that ginseng provides, participating in a home-grown enterprise is an attractive option for gardeners. Doing so indoors means less dependency on times and seasons. At the same time, the task is more labor-intensive when natural conditions are simulated. Nevertheless, the work of ginseng growing is hardly overwhelming whereas the benefits of ginseng are astounding.
Whether you prefer the ginseng that grows on North American soil or that indigenous to Asia, you gain expertise and confidence when you grow it yourself.


The Airbaler is a new kind of density control system for small square balers.
Finally a density control system for square balers that makes it easy to produce consistently uniform bales without the hassle of manual adjustments.
The Airbaler is the ONLY system that uses an airbag to maintain consistent bale density.
The Airbaler system was invented by Scott Seaver for use on his 170-acre farm in West Michigan. Scott has tested and perfected the Airbaler over 6 years and 60,000 bales of hay.
- Produces perfectly uniform bales - nearly 100% of the time
- Automatically adjusts to changes in field conditions - so you donít have to think about it
- Compatible with all the top baler manufactures
- Easy to install and no maintenance needed
- Cost less than hydraulic density control systems
- One-Year Warranty on all Parts
- Order online or order by mail
- One-Year Satisfaction Guarantee


Yara delivers solutions for sustainable agriculture and the environment. Our fertilizers and crop nutrition programs help produce the food required for the growing world population. Our industrial products and solutions reduce emissions, improve air quality and support safe and efficient operations. Founded in Norway in 1905, Yara has a worldwide presence with sales to 150 countries. Safety is always our top priority.
Yara converts energy, natural minerals and nitrogen from the air into essential products for farmers and industrial customers. The main application is fertilizers, while industrial uses and environmental solutions are also important growth segments.
Our global activities range from phosphate mining and ammonia production, through commodity trade and energy arbitrage, to building local market knowledge and developing customer relationships. The backbone of the company’s operations was large-scale ammonia and fertilizer production in Europe, but in recent years new capacity has been added in regions with low-cost gas supplies.
We ensure reliable supplies of mineral fertilizer and related industrial products to customers worldwide. We benefit from our scale advantages, as the world’s largest producer of ammonia, nitrate and complex fertilizer, and with about 20% of global ammonia trade.
Our local sales and marketing units provide customer services and agronomical support, working with farmers worldwide to increase yields and improve crop quality and nutritional value.
We utilize our strong production platform and global supply system to create local benefits, providing customers with the combination of quality products and expert knowledge that best matches their needs.


Ruumi simplifies rotational grazing for the farmers. Animal herds graze one portion of the field, while allowing the others to recover.
The more the animals move, the more the grass can recover, roots can grow and soil can improve. That means farmers can feed more animals on grass alone, which is more sustainable.
To get the grass to grow, well-timed animal moves are critical. The length of time a field is grazed will depend on the number of animals, on the size of the field and on the amount of dry matter available on the field.
Ruumi's free-to-use grazing app helps farmers to plan animal moves with confidence and monitor grass growth via satellite. It also captures data sets which allow us to create carbon credit certificates of the highest possible quality.


Maura Meredith Bozeman, Ph.D.
Program Chair, Environmental Science
Ph.D. - Yale University, The School of Forestry and Environmental Studies
Dissertation Title: The implications of the quantity, quality, and ‘stickiness’ of dissolved organic matter on aquatic ecosystem function.
MA - Yale University.
BS - Virginia Tech.
Associate in Science - Central Virginia Community College.
Dr. Bozeman has taught or assisted with many undergraduate and graduate courses at Yale and Utah State University. In addition to teaching, Dr. Bozeman has mentored several high school, undergraduate, and graduate students. For three consecutive years, she led a hands-on module in watershed research for all incoming Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies master’s students. At Post University, Dr. Bozeman is the Academic Program Manager of Environmental Science and is responsible for teaching and course development in the program. Dr. Bozeman has taught a broad range of environmental courses, including Environmental Science: A Global Concern, Ecology, Environmental Policy, Strategies for Sustainable Development, and associated environmental lab courses.
Dr. Bozeman has 14 years of experience in environmental science and has worked extensively in field and laboratory research projects in Virginia, Utah, Idaho, and along the East Coast, USA. This strong background in quantitative field and laboratory methods enables her to teach many aspects of environmental science from first-hand experience. Dr. Bozeman has also presented research at many national conferences and has written professional reports and papers.
Dr. Bozeman’s teaching philosophy is centered on hands-on learning. To form a strong foundation in science, reading and time in the classroom is essential. To solidify concepts, students work in the laboratory and in different outdoor environments to build the skills required for a career. Dr. Bozeman teaches environmental problem solving from identification and data collection to problem resolution and monitoring with a specific focus on identifying environmental feedbacks.
Professional and community activities:
Dr. Bozeman is active in community outreach in areas of urban farming, environmental sustainability, and urban environmental regeneration in Connecticut. Towards local and sustainable farming practices, she has worked with several community-minded entrepreneurs to develop a method to grow plants using organic hydroponics. This farming method grows plants in water, in which food waste is directly composted to provide the required nutrients. In her off hours, Dr. Bozeman is an avid woodworker and makes furniture from reclaimed wood and felled trees from recent storms in Connecticut.
Dr. Bozeman’s dissertation focused on how dissolved organic matter fuels aquatic ecosystems. Dissolved organic matter represents compounds such as amino acids and small carbohydrates that are an important energy and nutrient source for organisms. These compounds are readily transported through ecosystems and, along with inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus, organic compounds can be a source of nutrient pollution. Dr. Bozeman has performed many field and laboratory experiments, including ecosystem metabolism – how an ecosystem ‘breathes’, fish migration through stream habitats fragmented by deforestation, and nutrient transformation of aquatic biofilms – how aggregates of bacteria, fungi, and algae change stream nutrient concentrations.
Dr. Bozeman is interested in all aspects of environmental science, including sustainability in environmental use and construction, environmental and biodiversity conservation, watershed science and water quality, ocean conservation, organismal ecology, organic matter decomposition and composting, and sustainable farming practices.


Eastern U.P. Food Hub (EUP Food Hub)
News from the Eastern Region
Come learn about different livestock environmental concerns in the EUP and how the Michigan Agriculture Environmental Assurance Program (MAEAP) can help address those concerns.
More News & Announcements
The primary goal of the Eastern Upper Peninsula (EUP) Food Hub, which encompasses Chippewa, Luce and Mackinac counties, is to develop and implement strategies that will help support the viability and sustainability of EUP Agriculture and food production. Our regional growers and producers face a number of challenges and opportunities and we believe a solid, producer/agency driven collaborative can have a very positive, short- and long-term impact. The goal is to see growers/food producers earn more from food production and to make locally produced food more available to restaurants, schools and other institutions in the EUP.
While many organizations were working with farmers and institutions to address barriers and help them capitalize on opportunities, the formal collaboration began in late 2010. MSU Extension, Chippewa Luce Mackinac Conservation District and several interested individuals came together to talk about how to move work forward in a more coordinated manner.
A small grant from the Les Cheneaux Community Foundation allowed the informal coordinating committee to gather some data from farmers through a small survey and series of local meetings with producers and other interested parties. These meetings culminated in the first EUP Local Food Summit in November 2011.
Through these meetings and the EUP Local Food Summit, needs were identified in the following areas:
- Consumer education, develop stronger demand for local products
- Sustain and expand regional food production
- Connect institutional customers with local producers
- Attract new, young farmers and help them develop support networks
- Develop regional aggregation and distribution infrastructure
- Develop regional processing facilities (dairy, meat, value-added)
- Address legislative and regulatory obstacles that create barriers for local production and consumption
In addition, the Central and Eastern UP Food Hubs are collaborating with the Sault Tribe Community Transformation Grant Project. The Community Transformation Grant was awarded to the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in September 2011. One goal of this grant is to increase the availability, accessibility, affordability and identification of healthy foods. The EUP Food Hub has worked closely with this program to best leverage the tasks they are completing through this grant. This has been a good balance as the EUP Food Hub project has come at the issues mostly from the producer and institution viewpoint, the Sault Tribe grant is focusing on the food access and health/nutrition pieces.
We are excited that this work has grown to have a coordinated effort in the Western, Central and Eastern UP, as well as the coordinating efforts of the UP Food Exchange.
For more information, to learn about local events, volunteer for a committee, share your stories, or join our email list, contact:
MSU Extension Community Food Systems Educator
319 Court Street, Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783


The STIGA SP66 15m 2.4mm Ondulated Section Line is a high-quality and durable line designed for use with STIGA lawn trimmers and brushcutters. This reel of undulating section line features a 2.4 mm diameter and provides excellent cutting performance for grass and weeds. It is made with a special patented composition that ensures resistance, and its exclusive aerodynamic profile results in lower air resistance, less vibration, and lower decibel emissions, all of which save energy and guarantee a longer battery life. This product is ideal for those looking for a reliable and efficient cutting line for their battery-powered gardening tools.
- 2.4 mm diameter undulating section line
- 15 metre reel for easy use and storage
- Patented composition for added durability and resistance
- Exclusive aerodynamic profile for energy-saving functions
- Compatible with STIGA lawn trimmers and brushcutters


Organic Terrace Gardening Workshop for kids – May 12, 2015
Ashvita Bistro and The Offshoot organise a fun learning workshop in gardening for kids above 5 years. They will be introduced to different types of soil, plant seeds. Kids will also learn about ecological importance, vegetative propagation. Each child will be given a seed packet, soil mixture and earthen pot to take home.
The workshop is on May 12, 2015. At Ashvita Bistro, 11, Bawa Road, Alwarpet. The workshop is free. SMS ‘Terrace’ with the name and age of the kid to 97910 88189.


Abraham's farming project is progressing. He is continuing to grow crops on the property that he lives on because he has an established water supply. The development of the newly acquired property is proceeding. In 2021 the building was completed and it is completely fenced. The 2022 projects are: 1) Build a pond for breeding and raising fish. 2) Drill a bore hole for a water supply on the new farm property. 3) Complete the irrigation system with a submerged solar-powered pump, storage tank, piping fittings, and drip irrigation system.
Can you help with a $50 or $100, $500 donation to Abraham's project? Thanks for your kind consideration. Just click donate here to direct your gift to Abraham's building project.
2022 Projects requiring funding for the new property:
- Build a dam suitable for breeding fish. Cost of $1750
- Put down a borehole 50 meters deep with hole liner. Cost of $1750
- Equip with solar-powered pump, storage tank, piping and drip irrigation system. Cost of $3550
Farm Property Progress and Plans
Fencing and Gate Complete
Crops growing on Residential Property where irrigation is available.
Tomatoes, Cauliflower, Beets & Cucumber


We have tons of tomatoes on our vines. We are waiting for them to brighten up. The weather has been in the 80's (perfect!) and not hot enough to ripen up the little ones.
Tuesday, July 24, 2007
Cukes, Conversations and Cards
We have the first crop from our garden... a tastey cucumber that we ate in our salad last night. This is our first attempt to grow cukes and we have been successful! Our garden is very haphazard. I threw in some tomatoe, cucumber, cilantro and basil seed and PRESTO... we have a lush and fruitful garden! I have never been able to grow cilantro and it is flourishing! We didn't do anything fancy with the soil and it has worked!


Agroecology is the study of ecological processes applied to agricultural production systems bringing ecological principles to bear in agroecosystems can suggest novel management approaches that. Today, they remain key to many agricultural communities the mean use of wild foods by agricultural and forager communities in 22 countries of asia and it is clear that wild plants and animals continue to form a significant proportion of the global food basket, and while a variety of social and ecological. 370 october 2010 agricultural and resource economics review 2009) wild and managed pollinators can also have complementary behavioral relationships which increase the efficiency of pollination (green. Review of economical and ecological importance of bee and center, oromia agriculture research institute, holeta ethiopia of the outputs produced such as honey.
Honey bees convert nectar of flowers into honey and store them in the combs of the hive and the growing market honey and beeswax can be produced from an area of little agricultural value beekeeping has positive ecological consequences bees play an important role in the pollination of. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the. Free essay: honey bee foragers perform waggle dances to inform other foragers in the hive about the location, presence, and the odor of beneficial food the honey bee and its contributions to our world dates back thousands of years and continues to be by far one of the most extraordinary creatures ever. Ecological political economy the driving force behind this form of agroecology is a political-economical critique of modern agriculture this approach focuses on the multifunctionality of the landscape, instead of focusing solely on the agricultural enterprise.
Native pollinators also play a critical role in the production of certain fruits, vegetables, and forage crops native bees, including the blue orchard bee and numerous bumble bees and other native bees, are significant pollinators, and on a bee-per-bee basis, can be more effective than honey bees. Agriculture, ecosystems and environment 74 (1999) 19-31 the ecological role of biodiversity in it is argued that because biodiversity mediated renewal processes and ecological services are largely thus modern agricultural systems have become pro-ductive but only by being highly dependent on. Devan became interested in climate change and the ecological role of bees after majoring in environmental studies and ecology at the university of tennessee unlike social bee species, such as honey bees, cavity-nesting bees lead solitary lives in the wild, pollinating many types of flowering. The theme of this volume is to discuss the ecological networks in an agricultural world the volume covers important topics such networking agroecology, construction and validation of food-webs using logic-based machine learning and text-mining and eco-evolutionary dynamics in agricultural.
Despite their recognized importance, bees and other pollinators are in decline across the country putting the ecological service of pollination at risk the european honey bee usually gets most of the credit for the pollination of agricultural crops. The importance of these native pollinators in the reproduction of flowering plants (including those used in agriculture) is just beginning to be understood unfortunately, there has been a major decline in native pollinators due in part to habitat loss and alteration, introduced species, and pesticide use. The importance of honey as food lies primarily in its nutritive value honey produces 280- 330 cal per 100 g eaten (bodenheimer, 1951), and is easily absorbed in the human body. Now an international group of researchers is exploring the disproportionate ecological importance of small natural features — unique environmental elements that provide significant ecological and economic impacts in other cases, our recognition of their role is just emerging, such as caves that. Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities.
Ecology, agriculture, and society this course looks at agriculture as a set of ecological systems and issues it refers to ecology in both the sense of created in the late seventies as an experimental project of the natural science faculty, the farm center continues to be a place where students and. This agricultural benefit of honey bees is estimated to be between 10 and 20 times the total value of honey and beeswax in fact, bee pollination accounts for about $15 billion in added crop value. Honeybee ecology without honeybees you'd starve beekeepers always like to point out that honeybees pollinate the agricultural crops we eat additionally, it is not as though foregoing honey will bring about an end to commercial pollination, so it is not clear what exactly the beekeepers' point is.
Thanks for stopping by my blog and for spreading the word about our honey bees in peril saving the domesticated honey bee is more of an environmental imperative at this time than our degrading atmosphere. Pollinators play a significant role in the production of more than 150 food crops in the united states — from almonds, apples and alfalfa, to melons, plums, and squash almost all fruit and grain crops require pollination to produce their crop. Populations of honey bees and other pollinators have declined worldwide in recent years these findings clarify some of the mechanisms by which honey bees may be exposed to the funders had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or manuscript preparation. Honey-producing countries, emphasises the potential beneficial roles of ecological/ organic agriculture methods bees in decline greenpeace research.
Honey bees are the world's key pollinator of non-crop plants, according to a global synthesis of data honey bees were recorded in 89 percent of the pollination networks in the honey bee's native one out of eight interactions between a non-agricultural plant and a pollinator is carried out by the honey. The problem of agriculture is as old as agriculture itself, and although the core of the problem has always been soil erosion, new problems as modern agriculture converts an ever-increasing portion of the earth's land surface to monoculture, the genetic and ecological diversity of the planet erodes.
The biodiversity components of agroecosystems can be classified in relation to the role they play in the functioning of cropping systems ()according to this, agricultural biodiversity can be grouped as follows (swift and anderson, 1993). These are the ecological foundations of our food system they are also endangered by depletion thrupp la linking agricultural biodiversity and food security: the valuable role of agrobiodiversity for sub-lethal exposure to neonicotinoids impaired honey bees winterization before proceeding to. A recent study that found unprecedented levels of agricultural pesticides — some at toxic levels — in honeybee colonies is prompting entomologists to look more closely at the role of neonicotinoids in current bee declines. Ecological role of fire in gallery forests in eastern kansas in: koonce, andrea l, ed prescribed burning in the midwest: state-of-the-art: proceedings of a symposium 1986 march 3-6 stevens point, wi.


Aaron’s not only offers woods chips for landscaping needs but we offer mulch as well. Mulch is wonderful to use in a variety of ways and can compliment the appearance of your exterior if used appropriately.
PURPOSES: Mulch is any type of material that is spread or laid over the surface of the soil as a covering. It is used to retain moisture in the soil, suppress weeds, keep the soil cool and make the garden bed look more attractive. Organic mulches also help improve the soil’s fertility, as they decompose.
Our Brown, Black and Red Mulch is SOLD BY THE YARD i.e. Bobcat scoop


Difference Between Arabica And Robusta
Many people do not know that there are difference between Arabica and Robusta. Here are some of the explanation:
Arabica trees are particular with their growing conditions then Robusta trees. Therefore, Arabica trees usually thrive in a smaller range of growing environments. They are more defenseless against diseases and pests than Robusta and requires the use of expensive fertilizers and pesticides. And so, Arabica beans are costly than Robusta.
The visual appearance of both beans can be differentiated easily as it has an obvious difference at the beans. Arabica beans are in oval shape and have a curved slit. Robusta beans are more rounded and smaller in shape with straight slit.
In gene form, the Arabica beans have four sets of chromosomes and Robusta beans have two.
What are the difference between Arabica and Robusta?
As most of the people knows, Robusta has more burnt tires or rubbery taste.
Robusta beans have approximately twice the caffeine than Arabica beans. It might sounds positive, but the caffeine carries a bitter taste which it will makes the coffee became unpleasant drink.( About Caffeine )
Lipid and Sugar Content.
Arabica contains around 60% lipids and nearly twice concentration of sugar than Robusta. This is the reason why people prefer the taste of Arabica.
In the market, the price of Arabica is costly than the Robusta.
Arabica: 2.5 to 4.5 meters
Robusta: 4.5 to 6 meters
Chlorogenic Acid Content (CGA):
There is something that is part of a coffee which is CGA. It is a significant antioxidant and insect deterrent.
Arabica is 5.5 to 8% CGA
Robusta is 7-10% CGA
In the world, there are around 75% of Arabica produced and 25% of it are Robusta. Brazil is the significant producer of Arabica and Vietnam produces Robusta.
Why Arabica is better than Robusta?
The cupping quality of arabica is usually considered to be better than robusta coffee. However, cost and quality varies with each type. There are some Robusta that has higher prices than some arabicas which is from the African west coast countries as it has good quality of Robusta.
Arabicas can be used alone or blend with other Arabicas or Robusta. While Robusta commonly only used in blends. But most of the roasters would not think of adding robusta into their blend. Some consumers preferred a little of Robusta because it gives a more robust flavor. It can also contribute to the amount of crema produced in the beverage.


[This module is NOT covered on the NSOE diagnostic exam.]
In the oneway ANOVA module, we looked at a one factor experimental design comparing corn stalk growth across fertilizer treatment. In this module we will expand on this design by adding a second factor–irrigation. Within each fertilizer group (100 corn stalks), we will treat 4 groups (25 corn stalks each) with a different irrigation treatment (none, low, medium, heavy) with 75 corn stalks receiving each irrigation treatment. This will give us a balanced design with (equal number of individuals across treatment types). The table below lists the counts for each type of treatment.
After conducting our experiment of the two treatments, we measure our corn stalk growth after four weeks. The box plot of the data organized by the two factors are shown here. The box plot was made in STATA:
(STATA command: graph box y, over(fertilizer) over(irrigation)).
As you can see, under irrigation groups one through three (no irrigation, light irrigation, medium irrigation), median corn stalk growth is greatest with the Green Grow Fertilizer (group 3). This pattern does not hold for the heavy irrigation group. We could also run side-by-side box plots on each individual factor.
Before we conduct our two-way ANOVA, we should set up our hypotheses. These hypotheses are similar to the oneway ANOVA, with one added caveat–there may be an interaction between the two factors. If an interaction effect is significant, this would mean that the effect of fertilizer of corn stalk growth depends on the level of irrigation (or vice versa). In other words, there is some multiplicative effect between fertilizer type and irrigation level. We then have three null hypotheses (and three alternatives).
Ho: μ1 = μ2 =μ3 (where 1, 2 and 3 are fertilizer groups)
Ha: At least one population mean of corn stalk height is different from the others across fertilizer treatment
Ho: μA = μB = μC = μD
(where A, B, C and D are irrigation treatments)
Ha: At least one population mean of corn stalk height is different from the others across irrigation treatment
Ho: There is no interaction effect between fertilizer and irrigation level on corn stalk height
Ha: There is an interaction effect between fertilizer and irrigation level on corn stalk height
Using STATA, first we ran the two-way ANOVA with the interaction effect. The state command is (the variables are in pink, the STATA code is in blue):
anova y fertilizer irrigation fertilizer##irrigation.
TwoWay ANOVA Table with Interaction Term
As you can see, the table is quite similar to the one-way ANOVA table. STATA calculated the (partial) sum of squares, the degrees of freedom and the mean sum of squares for each of the factors (fertilizer and irrigation), as well as the interaction terms. Let’s look at the interaction first (to decide whether to include the interaction effect in the final model). The F-statistic is quite small, with an associated large p-value. We can not reject the null hypothesis and therefore conclude that there is no statistically significant interaction effect between fertilizer and irrigation on corn stalk height. Based on these results I would drop the interaction effect from the model and rerun the two-way ANOVA.
TwoWay ANOVA Table without Interaction Term
As you can see in the two-way ANOVA table above, the fertilizer treatment was found to be statistically significant, while the irrigation treatment was not. We can reject the fertilizer null hypothesis and safely conclude that at least one of the population means across fertilizer treatments is different than the others. Based on these results we can NOT conclude which mean was different nor by how much. To do so, one could conduct post-hoc comparisons such as the Bonferroni, Tukey or Scheffe tests (or others). It is important NOT to run multiple t-tests across groups at this point in the analysis. When you run many t-tests across all of the group combinations you run in to the possibility of finding significance when significance doesn’t exist (an increased Type I error rate). The post-hoc comparisons deal explicitly with this issue and therefore should be used instead of multiple t-tests. A module will be developed to cover post-hoc comparisons.
To ensure that our results are valid, we also need to check the assumptions of the two-way ANOVA. The assumptions are quite similar to the one-way ANOVA, but now we need to apply them to each of the groups (12 instead of three). Based on the box plot above, we can be fairly confident on the validity of the first three assumptions. We could test for the equality of variance across groups with a statistical test. We must also assume that observations are independent within and between groups, a case that would hold if no spatial autocorrelation exists in our observations.
1. The population values of each group should be normally distributed.
2. The variance of the population values of each group should be approximately equal.
3. Outliers should be rare. This is most important when you have an unbalanced design.


Thursday, September 15, 2022 6:00 PM - 7:00 PM Central Time
Armstrong Browning Library, Hankamer Treasure Room; followed by reception
let us know if you plan to join us for Rev. Brown's talk on how Black churches
and farmers are partnering to grow nutritious, flourishing communities around
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