Kingsolver, Barbara, Steven L. Hopp and Camille Kingsolver. Animal, Vegetable, Miracle: A Year of Food Life.
In her heart it appears that Barbara Kingsolver is still the pragmatic scientist that received her masters in evolutionary biology. How else could you explain her family’s decision to embark on a year-long experiment to almost exclusively eat local food? In this book Kingsolver recounts a year’s worth of reflections of her family’s attempt to take on the industrial food production complex from the grassroots level. The Kingsolver family became the subjects of a real life experiment which sought to answer many questions; among them was - is it possible for a family to survive eating only food that they could grow themselves or purchase locally?
The narrative begins with the Kingsolver family leaving their home of many years in Tucson, Arizona to move to the Appalachian foothills of rural Virginia. After many years of living in a place where the vast majority of the food and water that they consumed had to be shipped over many miles, they felt called back to a place that could sustain them, a place "where rain falls, crops grow, and drinking water bubbles right up out of the ground." (3) After a year and a half of acclimating themselves to this new place, they finally decided to take the plunge of becoming full-fledged ‘locavores’ – those who rely on sustenance from locally produced food.
Now for the Kingsolver family the adjustment was less significant than it would be for the average U.S. American, but nonetheless represented a significant change their lifestyle. They already were committed to eating locally grown and organic produce, and they had long since outlawed any meat except for the free-range variety in their diet. Their pledge to eat locally involved trying to grow as much of the food they would eat as possible, buy from local farmers’ markets whenever possible, and try to procure all of their foodstuffs from the source that resulted in the least amount of impact upon the Earth. Far from being an episode of fanaticism or elitism, Barbara points out that there are some things that they refuse to give up that must be imported long distances. However, in trying to limit these ‘extravagances’ as much as possible, the family limits such purchases to coffee, spices, and a little fruit and candy; but they still look to buy them from sources that practice sustainability and worker justice.
Kingsolver’s book is a reflection of one family’s real life wrestling with the consequences that the food we choose to eat has on all of our lives. Each chapter mixes stories from this experimental year with commentary upon the current state of food culture in the United States, and how it became such a mess. Barbara’s reflections serve as an insightful view into her thought process in coming to believe what she does about the brokenness of industrialized food production, while at the same time prompting the reader to recognize and analyze his own patterns of consumption. Her husband, Steven L. Hopp, writes numerous sidebars about the relationship between industrial agriculture, economics and public policy, pointing out the unfair advantages that large scale, genetically modified monoculture receives over small scale, diversified, organic farming. Also, Barbara and Steven’s daughter, Camille, adds a practical piece at the end of each chapter with seasonal recipes and menus for each month of the year, as well as stories about growing up in, and learning to appreciate, a countercultural food environment.
The premise of the book is that the United States has largely lost its food culture as large scale industrialized and commercialized agriculture has come to dominate the American landscape. The problems this has created are numerous, and have been written about at length in sources from academic journals to weekly magazines. Kingsolver begins to make the link between many modern problems with the disintegration of family farming. Kingsolver revisits her youth, growing up on a farm, in a time where everyone was more dependent upon the local economy to produce the necessary food for local consumption. Throughout the book she then traces the agricultural history of the past 50 years, which saw a dramatic move away from a system of local production and consumption to a system where food is produced as cheaply as possible, shipped to the consumer over long distances, and heavily dependent upon fossil fuel for transport and pest control. The benefit has been a stream of cheap foods, readily available in any season. The disadvantages read like a laundry list – far diminished quality in taste, decreased nutritional value of food, increased amount of processed food, contamination of air and water through fossil fuel burning, decreased productivity of land, loss of the family farm, increased resistance of pests, decreased knowledge about where food comes from, and a sense of disconnection with the land that sustains life.
Kingsolver’s conclusion is that we are living within an agricultural system that destroys the Earth, creates less tasty food, threatens worldwide food security, fattens and infirms consumers, destroys regional economies, and disparages knowledge of the land. In a sense food production mirrors the entire culture within this consumer and profit driven society. The extremism of turning food into a commodity to be sold (its profitability to be maximized) has undermined many internal and external goods that are central to creating a high quality of life. Thus, the Kingsolver family sets out with the idea that separating themselves from such a flawed system will reconnect them with the Earth, and ultimately lead to a way of living that provides more satisfaction and holistic health.
Kingsolver’s narrative moves through each season, showing the highs and lows of this family’s countercultural efforts to participate in and rediscover a food culture that has largely been lost. The family raises a good portion of what they eat in their garden or by raising livestock, and that which they cannot raise they look for at local farmers’ markets. By moving through each month, her family experience serves as an educational lesson to a culture that does not even know how to identify which produce is locally in season. From the early springtime asparagus to the pumpkins of late autumn, the Kingsolver experiment serves as a case study of how to utilize in season produce to make delicious food, and store what is left to have convenient, yet still local, food during the lean months of winter. Besides giving all the details of her own family’s experience, the chapters are interspersed with the stories of other people and cultures that seek to live in an alternate food economy. From greenhouse-farmers of New England to Amish communities in Ohio to centuries old family farms in the Italian countryside, Kingsolver’s travels tell the tales of people that have created healthy, prosperous and sustainable communities by relying on local food economies. Whether by using practices of their ancestors, as in the case of the Italians or the Amish, or by implementing new, smart technology, as in the case of the Massachusetts tomato farmers, she points out that an alternative to large scale, industrial agriculture is not only possible, but is thriving this very day in small communities around the world.
Kingsolver believes that a shift to local, organic, diversified farms is the main hope in creating a food culture that is sustainable and serves the needs of the human being, rather than the corporation. The costs of large scale monoculture is either being paid in government subsidies to large corporations, increased health care expenses, or are being passed onto other generations in the forms of climate change, decreased land productivity, and loss of crop diversity, among others. However, even though a major shift in agricultural practices could have huge health, climate, and economic benefits, the power of large scale operations continues to dominate in the United States. Kingsolver believes that this is a matter of the market, with shifts only coming as change in demand for products occurs. She notes that there has been a huge increase in the production, sale and consumption of organic produce since people have learned about the benefits for personal and environmental health. However, most of this is grown in California and shipped across the country to stores, often crowding locally grown organic produce off the shelves. Kingsolver points out that many of these companies market organic produce for the economic benefit, not necessarily because they care about implementing practices that improve sustainability. Therefore, whereas companies will cut corners to produce the product as cheaply as possible, local vendors conduct business on a code of trust, as their customers will know if they are using pesticides or using unsustainable practices. She argues that the best way to ensure the quality and integrity of a product is to buy locally; and the best way to ensure a market for local producers is to continue buying from them. The keys to changing food culture in the U.S. are many, including systematic changes from above; but a principle one is for consumers to shift the market by demanding more local, organic produce.
Ultimately, this book is a story about family, and the bond of life that becomes of sharing in a nourishing food culture. The cause of caring about one another and the Earth is one that begins at the dinner table. By placing a high value on sharing in producing and confecting high quality food, the Kingsolvers discovered a quality of life that values health, sharing in responsibility, caring for the land, intergenerational bonding, slowing down the rapid pace of our culture, and taking time to enjoy the precious moments and things of life. While it is obvious that their experiment placed additional responsibility on each family member, required a degree of sacrifice, and necessitated many hours of work in the garden, Kingsolver concludes by relating the beauty that was revealed in this more ‘organic’ way of living. After one year of farming (predictable as this may be), the family decides that it wants to continue living as ‘locavores,’ as they do not want to give up this new appreciation they have gained for the miracle of the Earth supporting their lives. This is wonderfully expressed in the final pages of the book as Barbara and her daughter, Lily, take in the miracle that, in this age of artificial insemination, few people alive have had the privilege of witnessing – the hatching of turkey chicks.
I thoroughly enjoyed this book, as it weaved family story with political and social commentary on the state of North American agriculture. Kingsolver’s style of writing is very informative and to the point, but at no point did it come off as preachy or elitist. This is a book where she puts herself out there, as if to say, “This is what my family did… I’m not saying that’s what all families should do, but try it out, you just might like it.” She is very honest with her own shortcomings in trying to live a sustainable and healthy life, yet she approaches this project not as just an author, but a person that is struggling to live out her own values. It is in doing so that she challenges her readers to ask some fundamental questions of their own consumptive habits. Where does my food come from? How far has it traveled to get here? What kind of chemicals have been used to produce it? How will eating it affect my own health? The health of my community? Can I switch to eat food that is in season? Can I find local farmers from which to buy?
Overall, this book is very well researched, written and compiled. While maybe not a comprehensive overview of the problems with large scale, industrial agriculture, it relates the issues in a way that is easy to understand, and in a way that does not demonize the participants in it. The practicality of this book is evident in the numerous recipes for each season, and the realization that comes with reading that cooking in season does not have to be boring, repetitive, or tasteless.
It is easy to critique Kingsolver because she comes from a position of privilege. One could easily respond to this book: “This shift in food culture is something that you can do because you have the economic power to buy land, have the leisure time to garden your own food, and have the disposable income to pay a higher purchase price for organic produce.” While all of this is true, I believe that Kingsolver is helping each reader to evaluate what he can do to support organic, local, diversified farms. Obviously, the answer will be different for each person. A city-dweller without much living space may only be able to shop at a farmer’s market during the summertime, but that’s a step.
Kingsolver implicitly asks a question in this book that needs further conversation. That is, when does participating in sustainable systems become something that is not just for those with resources. Kingsolver begins to answer this question by pointing out that avoiding processed foods can compensate for the costs of buying organic produce, but this topic deserves more attention. There are some lunch programs that seek to inject healthy, local, organic produce into the meals of school children, but we still cannot expect that the majority of the children in the U.S. are getting healthy food options (and implicitly, then, are part of a system of consumption that is destroying the Earth). I do not think that we can expect overworked single mothers or others in stressful situations, to have the time or the resources to seek out the type of food culture for which Kingsolver advocates in her book. I believe that she is right when she says that availability and affordability of this produce will rise with increased demand, but there is a fundamental problem in our food system when the poor are continually fed under-nourishing food whose production practices are bad for sustainability. Ultimately, believing in this type of food culture necessitates advocacy for systemic change which will bring organic, local produce within reach of all people.


Some vegetable seeds that did not sprout in spring finally did in June. It was all hidden under the grapevine, which is growing very fast, so we didn’t notice. By the time we had, the plants had grown about a week too long. Nuria added cinnamon to a salad she made. The trick worked. The leaves were still sharper than they should be, but not bitter.
When we started the garden we did not have a convenient water source for it. We watered by filling bottles in the kitchen and dragging them four flights to the roof.
Two years ago, however, the building’s water system, which dated to 1938 and was made of lead, sprang a leak. The comunidad de vecinos voted to spend 4000Euros, or 400Euros per flat, to replace the pipes. The new community President, who had been installed in a palace coup last year, replacing one who opposed rooftop access, oversaw the obras. She penciled an extra 100Euros into the budget and extended the water system to the roof. Suddenly a little faucet stuck out of the wall opposite the elevator shaft.
A week later I bought a green watering can at an odds-and-ends shop for six Euros. It was only slightly more practical than the bottles had been. It actually held less water. We no longer had to climb the stairs with bottles, but did still have to walk from the faucet to the garden and back. In the winter it was fifteen circuits to water the whole garden. In the summer it was about twice that. We did this for two years.
At some point about three months ago the garden’s plants were large enough that each demanded a whole can of water. I got tired of it. The hardware store on our corner, which is just barely farther away from the flat than the plants have been from the faucet, charged me an entirely dignified Euro14.50 for a garden hose.
In the months since we bought the hose the garden has doubled in size, though most of that is vertical. I am glad we didn’t do this before. I wouldn’t have known what to do with the sudden increase.
Coincidentally, this summer has also been one of the wettest in living memory in Barcelona. It’s been cooler and we’ve had several dramatic thunderstorms, each one lasting days at a time. Usually, summer is the garden’s fallow period, because the heat on the roof is so extreme. This year it has been our best season. Several of our plants that have been struggling are making dramatic recoveries, including a neglected palm, a rosemary that usually suffers in July, and a cactus that is now budding, out of season. We have a grapevine that has started to climb. We also have three large-leafed, ground-hugging plants with yellow flowers. They are either pumpkin, zukes or eggplants. We probably don’t have enough soil for them to produce vegetables, but the flowers look good, and we are told can be sauteed in butter.
Spring comes and goes in three weeks in Barcelona. Last year it snowed in March, and was 28C by April. So flower season is very short. Like last year, many of our flowers resulted from letting winter vegetables go to seed. Last year, we planted a cabbage called a bruton, which is native to a micro-climate in Nuria’s hometown, 70km south of Barcelona. We let the brutons grow past the point where they would be good to eat. If you don’t cut them the moment they mature (or perhaps a little earlier) they get very bitter, very quickly. We missed the moment, so let them be. After two weeks they had sprouted flowering stalks about a meter high. They had yellow-ish flowers and seemed to thrive in the cold weather. When spring came the flowers quickly wilted and the stalks lost their strength. The first rainstorm finished them off.
The guy who had brought us the brutons as sprouts was our old roommate, Cesc, who grew up in Nuria’s hometown and is a longtime friend of the family. He’s also a semi-professional botanist and helps manage a large vegetable garden for his father. Many weekends when he lived with us, he’d return from a visit to his parents’ place hauling baskets of cartoonishly large vegetables. A zucchini with the dimensions of a bowling pin. Four dozen scallions. A pumpkin. We would spend the week trying to use it all up. When we started the roof garden, Cesc corrected most of our many errors, and still does.
This winter, instead of the cabbage, he and I had planted arugula. Some of it we ate. But lots of it we left. Like the cabbage did last year, it grew into giant shoots with white flowers. This past weekend, we culled most of it, but left some, which are the long, thin stalks on the lower right and left.
The garden is a bit bare right now. We just cleared the remains of the flowers, and planted more for early summer. Several of the plants seem to be hitting the ends of various cycles. Our aloe, which was a gift from Nuria’s mother, has sprouted some sort of new stalk. Previously it only sprouted new leaves. Initially, I thought this was curtains for the aloe. When these sorts of plants flower in California, they die afterwards. Cesc tells me that’s true of the agave, but not its cousin the aloe. Which is good, because we’ve already needed to take leaves, to treat sunburns, twice. It’s only April.


- This event has passed.
Kids’ Gardening Camp
May 16, 2022 @ 4:00 pm - 6:00 pm EDT
One event on May 18, 2022 at 4:00 pm
One event on May 20, 2022 at 4:00 pm
Have Fun Learning About Gardening and Our Food!
Three (3) Days – After School (4-6 pm each day)
May 16, May 18, May 20
For Kids age 7-11.
Come meet other kids and explore gardening at The Greenhouse Project in Nay Aug Park! Learn about seed planting, beekeeping, and how totally cool worms are! Have fun painting garden rocks, doing relay races, making smoothies, and more!
Space is limited. Registration and Pre-Payment Required.
COST OF COURSE:
$25 donation per child.
Payable ONLINE HERE.
Scholarships available. Please inquire.


R2G in Action
Toward Resilient Food Systems
Questions we need to be asking….
How can we rethink food production to increase food security for urban residents?
How can we reconnect people with healthy food?
How can we diversify local farm production and build a regional food market economy?
How can we network regional farmers to share information, knowledge and market power?
A food system is everything from the field to the fork and back again. There are many important steps along the way that you may never see, such as the manufacturing and application of farm inputs (fertilizers, pesticides, seeds), the processing and packaging of food products, and the management of wastes. The food system also includes both the human actors and environmental resources needed to fuel it.
A truly viable and sustainable food system encompasses the goals of social equity and human health, economic vitality, and environmental health. A sustainable food system exists when production, processing, distribution, access, consumption, and waste management are integrated and these practices improve or maintain natural resources, are just and accessible, and support the resilience of local communities and economies.
R2G NY is engaging in food system research and action projects that work toward increasing food system resilience, activating and leveraging food system assets, insuring food access, security, quality and justice and increasing community and individual health and well-being. Short and long term strategies and policies are needed in cities like Utica NY to address food security challenges which are on the rise due to high poverty levels, increasing need and competition for funds and resources. Still other forward thinking policies and actions are needed to generate and cultivate a resilient regional food system that is an engine for economic development, community renewal, environmental health and resource conservation.
For the good partnered with the city of Utica and R2G to launch two community gardens. The urban garden initiative is a community driven initiative that provides inner city residents with fresh fruits and vegetables in exchange for working in the gardens.
"We are focusing on feeding people in the inner city who
don't have the financial resources to feed themselves. If you
grow your own food you will never go hungry".
- Community Organizer Abby Getman of For the Good
The once vacant lot has become a source of food and exercise
for local residents, welcoming people of all ages.
"It's more dignified for people to grow their own food
rathr than going to a soup kitchen, and it creates skills and
- Cassandra Harris -Lockwood, CEO, For the Good


When you talk to most students about agriculture class, they will tell you that it is a class for people who want to farm. Chris Catlin is hoping to change that train of thought through his 8th grade ag class.
One way he is teaching that is by showing different careers that coincide with the field: welding, mechanics, technology, just to name a few.
He also wants students to learn by getting involved.
"They need to have hands on, visual experiences with ag to appreciate it," he said.
Last year, Catlin received a D. Jack Mahuron Education Grant through the Washington County Community Foundation. That, along with a grant from Indiana Farm Bureau, helped him purchase an incubator and brooder. Students have spent the last few weeks studying the process of egg fertilization, as well as development. They watched the hatching process of quail eggs and saw baby quail moved from an incubator to a brooder.
Catlin said it has been a great opportunity to show students the responsibility of taking care of animals.
"I told them it's just like a chore," he said. "I have to come in on the weekends and feed and water the quail to keep them alive. It's important to feed your animals quality feed so they can grow and develop."
He said he has taught the students about the importance of good feed and the many varieties available.
"We learn everything from livestock to production to food items," Catlin said. "Agriculture covers a variety of topics!"


Plantagen 2014 – 2016
Purpose: Increase sales in green plants.
Sometimes we need to have the courage to bring someone into our everyday business who looks at it from a fresh angle. We also need the courage to listen and act upon what they have to say. If you are too comfortable in what you do, my job is to challenge the stagnation and cultivate your business.
One of my main objectives at Plantagen was to overlook the range of green plants. At the time the range was developed and made out of an Excel sheet with all the names in Latin. And I thought, if I don’t understand what plants we keep, how could our customers?
I asked the product manager to collect one of each green plant in our Holland office so we could break down and categorize them into smaller product ranges. The reaction was “Why? A green plant is just a green plant”. I eventually managed to convince them and told them that we need to look at the unique quality of every individual plant.
After our first workshop we had organized the plants into different categories based on customer needs, density of the leaves, suitable for floor or window and with a well-defined price ladder. We had outlined a new range of green plants and upon finishing the project the product manager turned to me and said “You know what? A green plant is not just a green plant”.
Outcome: The Growth of the business was the evidence that the work we did was successful.


Dec 3, 2018
Author, activist and permaculture designer Starhawk shares how agricultural permaculture can inform social permaculture (and what the heck that even means). Plus, she digs into how to engage with someone you don’t agree with in a productive way—a worthy endeavor that’s especially important today.
Tune in to hear about:
- Permaculture: what it is, why it’s so cool, and how it fits in with other ideas about regenerative agriculture.
- Thinking about social conflicts through a permaculture lens.
- How climate change is a degradation of multiple ecosystems—something we need to be aware of in order to properly fight it
- How evolution is based as much on cooperation as it is on competition
If you enjoyed this one, check out our other conversations with Starhawk from 2017 and 2016!


Next time you're in California wine touring why not skip Napa and Sonoma and try some of the other wine grape growing regions: Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties for example. Monterey is full of non table grapes (and lettuce and broccoli and...the list goes on). SLO, as it's known has several wine growing regions and microclimates, some of which mimic those in Europe. Try some of the West of 101 wineries around Paso Robles, but especially Jada Vineyard, a 90 acre parcel with absolutely fantastic wines! See if you figure out how the owner came up with the names of the various wines.


As the autumn leaves begin to change colour and the weather is see-sawing between balmy and blustery, we in Garden Gang have been on pause pending the Government announcements about the latest Covid restrictions. As I write we have just begun Level 3 restrictions for the next three weeks.
Even though we haven’t done anything significant in the allotments since the early summer, it is a salutary lesson that Nature continues as normal. Perhaps it is perfectly acceptable to let the allotment ‘rewild’ somewhat allowing the bird-life and insects feast as they should? For now we will wait. In a few weeks time, hopefully we can return and plant bulbs and winter plants safe in the knowledge that in the Springtime we will see their buds growing.
As mentioned in the previous SandMill News, the St Philip’s Allotments were filmed as part of the Rathmines Initiative ‘Rathmines Virtual Open Gardens 2020‘.
The Garden Gang normally meets on Saturdays from 3.30pm to 5pm at the allotments beside St Philip’s Church. It is for primary school children of Sandford and St Philip’s parishes. It is free to join with a donation of €10 per family to buy seeds and plants. If you are interested in getting your children involved please email me at email@example.com.


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- Neuigkeiten und Ressourcen
- Über uns
Environmental Secretary, Michael Gove, revealed that the UK will back a ban on pesticide usage in fields across Europe which cause harm to insects. The decision reverses the government’s previous position on the matter due to recent evidence justifying the concern of neonicotinoids contaminating the whole landscape and causing damage to colonies of bees.
Neonicotinoids has been the globes most widely used insecticide, but in 2013 the European Union banned their usage on flowering crops. This caused much debate throughout the EU with some countries resisting the ban, the UK being one of them.
The European Commission now plans to put into effect a total ban on the usage of neonicotinoids outside of greenhouses. With a vote expected in December, this makes it very likely to pass with the UK’s new standing.
Gove said the evidence of neonicotinoids’ harm to pollinators has grown stronger since 2013, this including a landmark field trial published in July 2016 which showed neonicotinoids damage bee populations, not just individual insects.
Friends of the Earth’s chief executive Craig Bennett said “Michael Gove is to be congratulated for listening to the experts on this issue and backing tougher restrictions. But lessons also need to be learned – we now need to move away from chemical-intensive farming and instead boost support for less damaging ways of tackling persistent weeds and pests”.
Chris Hartfield, the National Farmers Union’s acting chief science adviser, also commented on the matter saying: “Farmers are acutely aware that bees play a crucial role in food production and have done an enormous amount to help them.” But he said the committee’s finding of “unacceptable effects” came despite their acknowledgement of a gap in understanding in whether neonicotinoids damage overall ecosystem services, “in our view, the ECP ( UK Expert Committee on Pesticides ) has leapt beyond its brief.”
For growers and users of pesticides alike, being able to track exactly what pesticides have been used has become an even more essential part of fresh produce production. With farming now having an arsenal of tools at their exposure, it makes it far easier to record this will allow you to do this.
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Published: 17th November 2017


On-line course on Environmentally Sustainable Restoration of Abandoned Ponds of Alpechin (ERAOWP)
Course of Technical-Professional competences in the field of sustainable management of olive oil production.
The course arises from the need to develop applied formation to the olive oil production sector about the management of non-productive mass flows such as alpechines, alperujos and vegetation waters. Especially considering that Spain is the world’s first producer of olive oil we should not forget that approximately 80% of the volume of processed olive is WASTE.
This course will specially explore the management and decontamination of abandoned ponds of alpechines. The evaporation of alpechines causes a great polluting effect, as well as risk of contamination of surrounding soils, aquifers or river courses. Therefore, in this course will be produce significant information for the olive sector, as well as certain tools for its sustainable management.
Finally we will show the results obtained in the Life+ Regrow project including the demonstrative actions of in situ remediation of 4 abandoned ponds in Mora (Toledo), using different sustainable bioremediation strategies.
The course will focus on the following objectives:
- Introduce the student to the olive sector and the productive olive oil industrial activity.
- Form about the generation, nature and management of the waste flows and by-products of
olive oil production.
- Introduce the student to the general processes of pollution of the agricultural environment and
their specific aspects associated with the olive oil activities.
- Show the main procedures for restoring contaminated soils and the processes that favor such
- Study in depth the biological restoration processes (BRS) of interest in the olive oil sector.
- Develop theoretical and practical training in BRS of landfarming, phytoremediation, composting
- Restore a polluted area (abandoned ponds of alpechin), applying in situ different biological
strategies (landfarming, phytoremediation, composting and vermicomposting) to reduce the
contamination, and also transforming the area into a multifunctional green infrastructure for
recreational, formative and educational purposes.
- Spread the LIFE+Regrow project as a key tool for the sustainable management of abandoned
ponds of alpechines.
- Know operational, economic and environmental technical aspects that are key to the
implementation of these LIFE REGROW solutions.
- Train students for the proposal of new restoration projects of abandoned ponds of alpechines,
based on key parameters and the use of DSS decision systems.
THE COURSE IN FIGURES
NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS
COURSE COST (€)
NUMBER OF UNITS
The contents of this course, elaborated as audiovisual knowledge pills, will be evaluated using an online questionnaire.
To access the questionnaire you must be registered in the course (free of charge in http://www.liferegrow.eu/)
Passing this questionnaire will entitle the LIFE+ project coordinator, to the course certification, equivalent to 1 ECTS credit.


Farming has always been a legacy-based business for the 2014 Top Producer of the Year winner, Lee Lubbers of Gregory, S.D.
“Our great-grandfather was the first generation to farm in America,” said Lubbers.
The fourth-generation farmer prides himself on his roots and values the farm’s foundation and its potential for the future.
“We always knew it was never just a piece of paper,” said Lubbers. “It can’t just be agreements and trust. There has to be culture behind it.”
Since Lee and his brother Terry won the Top Producer of the Year award in 2014, the operation has drastically transformed.
Both brothers got married and started their own families. Three little girls are set to take over the farm someday.
“We couldn’t love ten sons more than our three girls,” said Lubbers.
The fifth-generation is having a big influence on the business, that spans 20,000 acres of corn, soybeans and winter wheat.
“We know our daughters can run this farm, not just as good as we do but better, and take it in new directions,” said Lubbers. “We’re excited about it.”
The Lubbers are already taking the succession plan to the next level—working on multiple trust funds.
“Our farm will stay together as a working unit,” said Lubbers. “[The girls] can be absentee owners. They can be involved in production every day. They can oversee the farm and have other business entities we’ve built up over the years.”
Time brought changes –triumphs and disappointments.
“We’ll just keep going ahead and 2018 will be better,” said Lubbers.
Drought plagued the 2017 growing season throughout much of South Dakota. The first rain in months brought hail.
The result of the damaging weather is hard to accept, but easy to calculate.
“It took about two-thirds of the yield off of [one field],” said Lubbers.
The Lubbers were fortunate to combine all of their winter wheat during this tough summer. Others were not so lucky.
“We have friends who would have had 10,000 to 15,000 acres of wheat to cut and they cut 1,000 to 3,000 acres,” said Lubbers. “Some of them never fired up a combine this year.”
When drought hits and net farm income is down, Lubbers says he’s leaving emotion out of this marketing plan.
“A drought is psychologically crippling,” said Lubbers. “We’re going to work with numbers.”
That’s why he says it’s important to keep the inventory he has secure. The family has replaced old bins with new ones, now with a total capacity of roughly 1.5 million bushels.
They say they’re some of the first producers in the upper Midwest to install a bin-monitoring system to check temperatures and humidity while saving power.
“I can be in Chicago in the airport and it will notify me which bin kicks in, which fan, and what is going on and the reason why,” said Lubbers.
It can hydrate the crop as well.
“We get 8 to 9 percent moisture content on our soybeans,” he said. “We can put it in the bin and in three months, we can hydrate them to 13 percent content moisture and gain three bushels.”
For this operation, change is constant, which is the way the Lubbers prefer it.
“We’ve always embraced that,” said Lubbers. “We’re not the same operation we were five or 10 years ago. We’re not the same people.”
Preserving yet evolving, keeping the farm moving and standing for the future.
You can read more in the latest issue of Top Producer Magazine.


Besao is one of the rice producing municipalities with the highest yield per hectare in the province. The municipal agricultural office estimates rice production at an average of 21 cavans of 1,045 kilograms per hectare. Still, the majority of the population are highly dependent on rice imported from other areas. Other agricultural crops produced are citrus fruits, banana, root crops, corn, and coffee.
Livestock popularly rasied includes cattle, carabao, swine, chicken, ducks and other domestic animals. These animals are rasied primarily for domestic cunsumption and for social and cultural purposes.
Last updated 5 July 2002.


Red Tiara™ Déjà Bloom® Azalea
Each Déjà Bloom® variety was bred for vivid blooms and color purity, while also ensuring exceptional disease and pest resistance. Color purity prevails in Red Tiara™. Red blooms remain true throughout the heavy bloom cycle, without fading to pink. As the most compact variety of the collection, it’s ideal for containers or small gardens.
Common Name: Azalea
Variety: Red Tiara™
Genus species: Azalea hybrid
Patent Info: PP25728
Bloom Time: Spring, Summer & Fall
Light: Morning sun and afternoon shade, or full sun in cooler climates
Hardiness: Zone 7
Size: 3.5' H x 3.5' W
Water: Water thoroughly at planting-then keep soil moist once established
Prune: Immediately after Spring flowering
Plant Food: Apply a granular azalea or gardenia fertilizer in March or April per the instructions on the label.
Mulch: Keep a layer of mulch around the base of the plant year-round to conserve water and reduce weeds.
Ideas for Use: Flowering Hedge or Border, A Focal Point in the Garden, Containers


For most Africans agriculture is still the dominant source of income. The agricultural sector is then also the best place to begin building a liberated and prosperous Africa. This must happen with improving the life circumstances, food security and employment. The study The Better Harvest of the Arfrica Study Centrum (ASC) in Leiden under the coordination of journalist Dirk Vlasblom illustrated how the Indonesian model can offer inspiration.
Indonesian success story
The Berkeley Mafia, a group of Indonesian intellectuals, was influential in the policy around agriculture. They were led by Widjojo Nitisastro. The Berkeley Mafia uses both the free market as heavy government regulation. They placed the wishes of the farmers central in their policy and supported entrepreneurship and hard work. The government ensured stability and security. This was an inclusive approach from bottom up, instead of a trickle down economy that was dependent on the richer classes. This was a crucial difference from the neo-liberal approach, which is still popular in the West.
The Berkeley Mafia applied the principle that the best development strategy is the approach that empowers the greatest amount of people in the shortest amount of time. The agricultural strategy was focused on increasing the productivity of the small farmers.
As a result public funds were used to improve the irrigation system and new rice variants were introduced to gain higher profits. Credit and fertilizers were subsidized. All farmers gained a minimum price for their rice. Agricultural technology was labor intensive and thus did not lead to massive employment (in contrast to the West) but more employment.
Tens of millions of Indonesian farmers and laborers profited from this approach. It increased the income of the majority of the population and enhanced the national income as a result. The agricultural revolution ensured food security for the majority of the population. After the economy started growing, the trust also increased, that again led to more investments in labor intensive manufacturing industry, that led to hundred thousands of jobs. After this an export focused industrialization followed. The keys of this agricultural and afterwards industrial growth was to ensure food security and provide employment to innovate the food agriculture. There was an innovation from agricultural production to up-scaling in the value chain.
These lessons can be adjusted to the local realities of the African economies. It is crucial that there is sufficient food production to not only feed the rural populations but also the fast increasing urban populations. Still too much food production is dependent on the weather for a good harvest.
Famines keep returning where many tens of thousands die of hunger. In too many African countries food is still being imported for a cost much higher than it would have been produced locally. This agricultural transformation showed that in a relative short period it can lead to development. The inspirational story of a Liberian farmers son, narrated by writer Vamba Sherif, illustrates what is possible.
In Liberia a farmer’s son had studied in the United States. When he returned he brought the farmers together and involved them in all decisions regarding their crops and agricultural methods. Within a few years he succeeded together with the farmers to make this one of the best collaboration of its kind in Liberia. Until then they had been dependent on the weather, the government and old inefficient methods. Because of the agricultural success they started building better tools, granaries and other improvements. It quickly became one of the richest areas in Liberia.
Burkina Faso approach
This sort of success stories can be found in many more countries than Liberia, such as in Burkina Faso. Sankara also found agriculture the most important leverage for economic and social development in Africa. He stimulated building irrigation dams to build more food. To help farmers preserve their crops and to bring to the market, hundreds of granaries were build. The government invested in schools and clinics in the rural areas, while networks of farmers were organized. Most investments were used to increasing food production within the agricultural sector. It was essential to increase agricultural production. Land had to be used effectively and the existing agricultural production had to be reorganized. It also became important to keep the nature and climate healthy. People were encouraged to plant trees at all family and cultural gatherings. Through this method the initiative to plant trees became an adopted habit within society.
Erik van der Zanden
Picture by Roman Bonnefoy


The newbies duck in a dark corner, acutely aware that they are the lowest in the pecking order. They arrived this morning in their “chicken retirement home”. At first they trod gingerly in the garden, nervous but also relieved to have escaped the night’s raid.
Survivors of a chicken farm
When we brought them in with the others, they knew that more trials were awaiting them. The other hens have been living here for over a year. They look fat and healthy, and they take their privileges for granted. Usually they can swarm out not only around the garden but all over the farm, picking worms and exploring sheds and thickets. Today they are suddenly locked into the shed with these fearful invaders, small terrified hens whose bare flesh shows clearly between some rumpled feathers that have remained.
Outside, beyond the garden fence, huge tractors and carts move noisily over the farm, bringing loads of new potatoes. The potato harvest has been going on for several weeks, but it is only these days that the barn opposite is being used. A handful of helpers line the conveyor belts, picking out green, small, mouldy, or weirdly shaped potatoes. The remainder is carried up into wooden boxes on the second floor of the barn. The roar hanging over the scene comes from a huge fan installed there so that the new potatoes can dry a bit more, to prevent them from rotting.
When one of the new hens, which looks almost normal apart from its almost white crest, dares to come nearer, the others peck vigorously at her. Even Gwendolyn, heavy but shy, joins in. Until yesterday it used to be her who was mobbed. In fact, Gwendolyn and the other established hens all looked similarly bare when they arrived a year ago. We propose Polyester as a fitting name for one of the four new chicken that looks only half-plucked. Polly will have to start working on her outfit before the winter sets in.
In the potato fields
The hectic work outside intensifies. It is the last day of the potato harvest. We go to visit the workers out on the field, where a huge red machine ploughs up and down the land. Irritated, the driver waves us to hurry up to the second floor. A team of five is busy throwing out stones and twigs from between the potatoes that the machine is digging up and transporting to the top. After this first sorting, they fall into a crate.
“Say, if we have 350 acres, and on each acre we harvest about – no, that should be hectares. How many hundredweights per hectare, do you reckon?” Karl, the owner of the potato rooter, gets entangled in his numbers and traditional measures. “I think we do about 40 tons per day” he concludes finally when we climb down from the iron dinosaur.
Thorsten, king of the chicken retirement home
The next day, when we open the flap to the outside world, the old chicken team sets out into the garden. Thorsten, the rooster, crows energetically, and soon the hens are at work frightening the local worms. The newcomers stay in, but at least they get some food and some rest, and they start laying eggs as soon as they can grab a seat. After all, that’s what they have been bred to do, and they can’t help laying an egg at least every other day. Although they are survivors from an organic farm, the hens are genetically programmed to produce more eggs than their bodies can manage even with the high-tech power food they are fed. Huge group numbers and a lack of space add to their stress.
After a year or two, when their productivity drops below market requirements, the whole stable is cleaned out and the hens are taken away to be made into chicken stock. Polly and her friends have managed to hide somewhere during the evacuation. Thus they have earned their ticket to this refuge opposite the potato barn. H., the friend for whom we are house-sitting, offers them a Retirement Residence without egg-laying pressure. “Just because it’s so nice to see them run around.”
Congratulations, Polly: Lifelong Learning means that you will soon figure out what a worm is.


The apple tree is a deciduous tree that, somewhat surprisingly, hails from the same family as the rose. Its ancestor is the Malus sieversii, a tree that is still grown to this day. Originating in Central Asia, apples then made their way to Europe where they grew for many years before European colonists brought them over to North America during the 17th century. It is possible that apple trees are the oldest tree to have been cultivated.
When considering the long journey that apples have gone on around the world and the fact that they are still one of the most popular foods of today, it is not hard to see why they deserve to be celebrated!
Apple Tree Day started off as a celebration of an old apple tree, which had been around for two centuries. As time went on, this day morphed into a celebration of the fruit itself


Green Barley Philippines - Most probably you've heard about barley green grass from a friend or heard it from others but really don't know what GreenBarley really is? What's in barley grass powder? What are the benefits of barley green grass? Well, read on...
After learning about the benefits of barley grass, now you are surely eager to try it. Don't worry, we ship barley green grass and barley grass powder around the world (including green barley Philippines) and you can pay in several ways. What are you waiting for? :)
You've realized that Green Barley is really an amazing product. A miracle, even, and you want barley green grass to reach and help more people. Well, no worries, you can sell green barley in the Philippines and other countries to earn unlimited extra income. Get started now!
What's the latest?
Read about this success story of green barley in the Philippines.


Semi-Automatic Grain Seeds Packaging Machine
Price And Quantity
- 150000-2500000 INR
Semi-Automatic Grain Seeds Packaging Machine that we present is a compact, low maintenance, simple operation and PLC controlled machine, ideal for packing seasame seed, coriander seed, cumin seed, rice, wheat, gram pulse, cheek peas, etc. in various bag sizes from bag sizes from 1 kg to 40kg. Powered by 4KW electricity, it is made of top-grade stainless steel contact parts to ensure its high durability and low maintenance. Moreover, Semi-Automatic Grain Seeds Packaging Machine is available in capacity from 10kg to 50kg at compromising prices.
- 30 Per Month
- 15 Days


Homer group seeks Wrangell blueberries
A Homer-based group is seeking to use Wrangell blueberries as an economic development tool – and a way of producing a healthy product for users around the globe.
A Homer-based group is seeking help from Wrangellites in their effort to bring natural blueberry products to the local, regional and international markets.
Trail Mountain Harvesters is a company that organizes harvests of wild berries and herbs for Denali BioTechnologies, Inc., a manufacturer of premium dietary supplement ingredients owned by Dr. Maureen McKenzie, also of Homer.
According to TMH field purchasing supervisor Bob Fenex, his company is interested in recruiting Wrangellites and others in Southeast to collect the berries, which are high in their anti-oxidant properties, for sale to Denali.
“In different villages and towns over the last seven years, we’ve been growing with leaps and bounds and put money into the economic development of berries in the communities,” he said. “We buy their berries and hire brokers in those towns to pay around 50 cents a pound for them.”
Now that he is retired, Fenex said the opportunity to help Dr. McKenzie, who is also his neighbor, was too good to pass up.
“Since I’ve retired, it’s been a great chance for me to help her do this,” he added.
Dr. McKenzie holds a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Rutgers, the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and Princeton University, as well as an M.S. in Food Science from Rutgers.
“Sometime ago, I spoke with Mayor Maxand about having the people in Wrangell getting involved in a blueberry harvest for my principal product, which is AuroraBlue,” she said. “That was sort of a prelude to other opportunities to harvest many other types of products that grow here, like rose hips, dandelions, and salmon bone, as well as other products available is Southeast.”
AuroraBlue is an antioxidant product developed and marketed by McKenzie and Denali BioTechnologies, and claim it is a proprietary blend of wild Vaccinium species of blueberries, huckleberries and bilberries, which are hand-picked from Alaska’s wilderness.
“There is a long list of harvest products that we are interested in from the community of Wrangell, and we’ve talked about the possibility of placing a Refractance Window Dryer into operation due to the borough’s reasonably priced energy,” she added. “That came up as part of economic development beyond the harvest capabilities.”
The entire idea of an outside group harvesting berries and other traditionally Native foods in Wrangell has some members of the Tlingit community raising an issue with the plan.
After hearing about the plan, the Wrangell Cooperative Association Board of Directors voted on Aug. 16 to disavow the plan in Wrangell.
“The reason we do not support outsiders picking berries in Wrangell is that we pick for our Elders,” Lovey Brock said. “And the berries have been pretty scarce the last couple of years because we haven’t had enough sun. Also, we use the berries for subsistence, and we have talked to other tribes who have told us that these types of operations have wiped out blueberries in the places they have gone into. We don’t want that to happen here, so we won’t support this.”
Fenex, who recently retired from the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, added that he was serious about maintaining a balance with traditional uses of the food staple.
“We do not want to cut into any subsistence,” he added. “That comes first.”
Maxand also weighed in on the subsistence concept of picking blueberries in the borough.
“Ultimately, if any commercial scale harvest of blueberries were to happen on the island, there would need to be some understanding that certain areas should be preserved for use by residents who gather for traditional or subsistence use,” he added. “A lot of people berry pick in Wrangell, and under no circumstances should their access to this resource be limited.”
Maxand, for his part, thinks the idea will help bring sustainable business to the community as well.
“I think anytime we can support industries that are sustainable, and use the resources from our forests, we should do so,” Maxand said. “Whether they be blueberries, fish or timber, we should take advantage of those opportunities.”
Maxand also said acquiring the former mill-site property on Zimovia Highway could go a long way towards developing the local economy.
“I think there are businesses that are looking for a place like Wrangell to move and operate, but finding industrial space is tough,” he added. “That is why we’re looking at the former 6-mile mill site. The more businesses we can attract, the stronger our economy becomes and that’s good for the long term.”


Tasmania is said to have the cleanest air in the world.
Ancient Egyptians believed that onions would keep evil spirits away.
Half the foods eaten throughout the world today were developed by farmers in the Andes Mountains (including potatoes, maize, sweet potatoes, squash, all varieties of beans, peanuts, manioc, papayas, strawberries, mulberries and many others).
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Today the public’s concerns about social distancing have generated considerable interest in avoiding supermarkets and instead shopping at local farms. Comeback Farm, a Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) establishment, located in the fertile Musconetcong Valley, has seen substantial greater demand for their fresh, organic farm produce. The farm, owned by Mark Canright and Amy Hansen, encompasses 42 acres just outside of Asbury in Hunterdon County. Mark and Amy purchased the farm in 2003 and gradually established a successful farm enterprise in this bucolic location.
To reduce labor costs, Mark and Amy have joined forces with three other business partners. Dean Buttacavoli and Emily Stocker, are young farmers who focus mostly on fresh greens planted on a one acre, well-manicured area. They grow lettuce, spinach, arugula, fennel, radishes, and turnips. All while battling, without chemicals, that pesky flea beetle that backyard gardeners know well.
Mark also partners with Farmer Pete on their organic orchard. According to Mark, they manage the largest organic orchard in New Jersey! Fruit trees include peach, apple, cherry, and Asian pear. Maintaining an organic orchard in a humid environment is quite an undertaking.
Mark also cultivates white potatoes, sweet potatoes, winter squash, onions, and melons. He recently plowed a 1.5 acre potato field and started planting.
As an organic farm, the farmers manage the land in a sustainable manner. Using natural methods of pest and weed control helps facilitate beneficial insects and spiders who prey on insect pests. These methods also protect the Valley’s surface and groundwater resources. A seasonal stream meanders through the farm, flowing into the Musconetcong River. The USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) assisted the farmers with planting a buffer strip of native plants along the stream to further protect it. NRCS also provided cover crop seed to cover fallow, winter fields with rye grass which prevents soil erosion and provides valuable, organic matter for the spring planting.
For more information about their farm and their CSA go to their websites:


Pima Smartscape One-Day City of Tucson Course
Registration closes at 12 p.m. on Monday, 6/12/23, two days before the class.
This course is a condensed, one-day version of Smartscape: A Training Program for Landscape Professionals™ that was developed specifically and ONLY for City of Tucson staff. The following topics will be presented, and participants will take an exam at the end of the day to earn their certificate.
- Plants, Soil, and Water examines the relationship between these three elements that form the landscape.
- Plant Selection and Installation covers the criteria for choosing different types of plants for a landscape design, based on their characteristics and growing needs, maintenance requirements, and functional uses within the landscape, as well as selection of the best material in the nursery, and installation in the landscape.
- Drip Irrigation Design and Installation shows students the industry’s latest tools and covers best practices for water-saving drip irrigation systems.
- Landscape Water Management and Irrigation Controllers illustrates how to determine plants’ water needs, how to calculate actual landscape water use, and how to program a controller, in addition to troubleshooting for watering too much or too little.
- Maintaining Desert-Adapted Plants gives students tips on fertilizing, pruning, and covers the effects of shearing on shrubs.
- Plant Disorders offers students practical advice for identifying and responding to plant health issues.
- Desert Adapted Plants introduces students to a wide selection of plant materials currently available from the nursery industry.
Contact Debbie Lesko, the Smartscape Office Specialist, Sr., with any questions or concerns: (520) 626-4800 or email@example.com


HOBO MX Soil Moisture Data Loggers are the industry’s only low-cost, fully integrated soil moisture loggers with Bluetooth wireless data offload. Available in two models – one that measures soil moisture (HOBO MX2306) and one that measures both soil moisture and temperature (HOBO MX2307) – these loggers are ideal for researchers and growers looking for the accurate data they need to save water, improve crop yields, reduce harmful runoff, and protect ecosystems.
With just a mobile phone, tablet, or Windows laptop running Onset’s free HOBOconnect app, users get convenient wireless setup and data download via Bluetooth when within 100 feet of the logger – making it easy to retrieve data from hard-to-access field locations. And for indoor areas, such as greenhouses, users can add the MX Gateway for remote access to data in Onset’s cloud-based HOBOlink software.
- Ready to deploy, with pre-attached sensors
- Easy configuration and data offload with the free HOBOconnect app
- Durable TEROS 10 soil moisture sensor lasts over 10 years in the field
- For use in both mineral soils and soilless media
- Sturdy, sharp stainless-steel spikes for easy installation and better soil contact
- Option to view data in Percent of Field Capacity
In what environment does this sensor operate?
This sensor operates in an outdoor environment.
What measurements does this sensor support?
The MX2306 data logger supports the following measurements: Soil Moisture
- HOBO MX2306 Data Logger with 2m cable(s) and attached sensor(s)
- HOBO MX Soil Moisture Logger Quick Start
- Cable ties


Rainbow Exhibition & Event Management Services Ltd.
Rainbow Exhibition & Event Management Services Ltd.: REEMS is a team of young and energetic professionals from the sector of Event & Exhibition Management. We are passionate about them and take each one personally. Our passion and dedication, combined with the experience of our in-house event specialists enables us to exceed client expectations. We make it our priority to understand our client’s objectives, working alongside clients from concept to completion to create a unique and memorable event. We rarely see a client just once. Most of our clients come to us again and again, enabling us to develop a solid understanding of their business objectives. Virtually all new customers arrive by personal recommendation.
Owning our own equipment means we have total control of your event from concept through to completion. We own a 10000 sq. ft warehouse packed full of exceptionally high-quality equipment giving us the ability to price competitively as well as guaranteeing the best possible execution. Whether you need to strengthen client relationships, integrate new members of staff, kick-start learning & development, engage in team building, REEMS Ltd. can provide the right support. We do not restrict the location of our events, we are client led. We pride ourselves on delivering a first-class service to each and every one of our clients, large and small.
GPE Expo Pvt. Ltd.
Since 1997, GPE has come to specialize in providing event planning and consultation services for corporations, associations and individual organizations of pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors.
Their strength is in the logistical details of organizing and executing large functions involving multiple players, while integrating diverse elements.
Through their experience in the industry, They have established extensive vendor relationships, which enable us to produce a top rated event in all areas including decor, food and beverage, entertainment, and timely execution.
Auto Major & Husking Mill Owner Association and Reemsbd Ltd. is established to cherish the fastest growing Bangladeshi Rice industry. With all the privilege is here to announce the 4th edition of RICE & GRAIN TECH EXPO, with a vision to becoming the most preferred exhibition on rice industry to be held from November 23 to November 25, 2017.This exhibition is supported and governing by various prestigious Bangladeshi organizations adding the strength and value to the event.
RICE & GRAIN TECH EXPO 2017 devotes to be a great help for the healthy and sustainable development of the whole chains of rice industry, promoting rice brands, improving mechanization level, expanding sales channels, deepening research and exchange of technology, driving world rice industry to a sustainable development stage. During the exhibition, companies will showcase the new technology and products of rice cultivation, harvesting, processing and selling.
About the Industry
Almost all of the 13 million farm families of the country grow rice. Rice is grown on about 10.5 million hectares which has remained almost stable over the past three decades. About 75% of the total cropped area and over 80% of the total irrigated area is planted to rice. Thus, rice plays a vital role in the livelihood of the people of Bangladesh. Total rice production in Bangladesh was about 10.59 million tons in the year 1971 when the country’s population was only about 70.88 millions. However, the country is now producing about 25.0 million tons to feed her 135 million people. This indicates that the growth of rice production was much faster than the growth of population. This increased rice production has been possible largely due to the adoption of modern rice varieties on around 66% of the rice land which contributes to about 73% of the country’s total rice production.
Fighting inflation remains a core priority of the government in the coming months and more imports of key grains such as wheat, rice and sugar. Sugar imports are expected to be particularly high in 2014. Overall, we see promising production prospects for the agriculture sector and we note corn production as an outperformed. Over the longer term, we highlight the dire need for improved agriculture infrastructure to help the sector cope with climate change-related crop destruction. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Bangladesh loses about 80,000 hectares of arable land due to the impact of climate change such as droughts, salinity and floods.
Bangladesh is fulfilling all its internal necessities regarding this sector. It’s been self-sufficient sector for last couple of years. Advanced technology and peoples dedication towards this sector has leaded us toward the success of being self-sufficient. For the first time since independence, Bangladesh became a rice exporting nation in 2014. Bangladesh has already exported 50,000 tons of rice to Sri Lanka. After Sri Lanka, Bangladesh is now going to export rice to India following bumper production and adequate stocks at home. India has proposed to import 30,000-40,000 tons of rice from Bangladesh for its north-eastern states like Tripura. India will send a delegation soon to Bangladesh to finalize the matter.


Agrobiodiversity handsomely informs the United Nation’s Convention on Biodiversity and the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, as well as similar efforts, by providing a comprehensive social-environmental assessment of the need for the diversity of cultivated plants and the mitigation of their losses globally.
B. L. Turner II
Regents’ Professor & Gilbert F. White Professor of Environment and Society, Arizona State University
Changing global climate and expanding human population have necessarily focused attention on agrobiodiversity conservation and use. The text offers a thorough and timely review of what constitutes agrobiodiversity, its relationship to the natural and anthropogenic environment, and just how agrobiodiversity can be used to sustain humankind in the 21st century.
University of Birmingham, lead author of Plant Genetic Conservation
With this landmark book, Zimmerer and de Haan offer us an altogether distinctive and rewarding perspective on the many roles agrobiodiversity play in our cultures, in the past, in the present and most importantly, for the future. Their deep knowledge of the literature and their extensive fieldwork provide a synthesis which will inspire cutting edge theoretical and applied work for decades to come.
Gary Paul Nabhan
MacArthur Fellow, author of Food from the Radical Center and Where Our Food Comes From
Experts discuss the challenges faced in agrobiodiversity and conservation, integrating disciplines that range from plant and biological sciences to economics and political science.
Wide-ranging environmental phenomena—including climate change, extreme weather events, and soil and water availability—combine with such socioeconomic factors as food policies, dietary preferences, and market forces to affect agriculture and food production systems on local, national, and global scales. The increasing simplification of food systems, the continuing decline of plant species, and the ongoing spread of pests and disease threaten biodiversity in agriculture as well as the sustainability of food resources. Complicating the situation further, the multiple systems involved—cultural, economic, environmental, institutional, and technological—are driven by human decision making, which is inevitably informed by diverse knowledge systems. The interactions and linkages that emerge necessitate an integrated assessment if we are to make progress toward sustainable agriculture and food systems.
This volume in the Strüngmann Forum Reports series offers insights into the challenges faced in agrobiodiversity and sustainability and proposes an integrative framework to guide future research, scholarship, policy, and practice. The contributors offer perspectives from a range of disciplines, including plant and biological sciences, food systems and nutrition, ecology, economics, plant and animal breeding, anthropology, political science, geography, law, and sociology. Topics covered include evolutionary ecology, food and human health, the governance of agrobiodiversity, and the interactions between agrobiodiversity and climate and demographic change.
Photographie: N. Miguletz
Foundations and Integration for Sustainability
Karl Zimmerer and Stef de Haan, Chairs
Program Advisory Committee
To consolidate and advance the multidisciplinary foundations of science and scholarship on agrobiodiversity
To examine the inkages among key focal areas
To develop an integrated scientific framework of agrobiodiversity to address sustainability amid global change
The overall aim is to advance essential understanding and formulate key research questions to guide future query, governance initiatives, and practical interventions.
Group 1: Evolutionary ecology of genetic components, crop and livestock functions, and agroecology
Group 2: Governance, including cultural and policy frameworks, at different geospatial scales
Group 3: Whole-system approach to human health, nutrition, and disease
Group 4: Socio-ecological interactions amid global change


Locally Grown Flowers
Fresh flowers are always a good idea!
Farm Fresh Flowers
Willow Creek works hard to bring your floral vision to life using as many locally sourced flowers and greens as possible. We are committed to supporting local growers. Locally grown flowers and greens means that you will have the freshest product for a breathtaking floral display!
Willow Creek Flower and Herb is also a flower farm, growing a variety of fresh flowers and greens that are used in our designs. Our fresh cut flowers are also available to purchase. We sell to other floral designers and the general public! Flowers are seasonal, fresh and available by the bucket or by the bouquet. Farm tours are also available during the growing season.
We offer many seasonal favorites. Succulent pumpkins in the fall, wreaths, garland and swags for Christmas and succulent planters and houseplants are available year round.


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We have gained immense recognition in the industry by offering a quality assured range of Greenhouse Polycarbonate Sheet. It is used for providing shade to garden areas as well as the roofing of different houses in an efficient manner. This sheet is manufactured by making use of the finest quality raw material and advanced techniques under the supervision of our skilled professionals. The offered Greenhouse Polycarbonate Sheet is available in different sizes, colors and thicknesses as per the specifications of our reputed clients at an industry leading rates.
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Aslan Insurance was originally established to provide cost-effective insurance solutions to the local agricultural community in Sonoma, Napa, and Marin Counties, and we remain committed to working with and supporting local vineyards, dairies, cattle ranches, and others in the farming community, helping them manage risk, thrive, and grow. Our suite of insurance products allows us to offer comprehensive risk management services to a diverse range of clients from large agribusiness operations to small hobby farms.
Employment Practices Liability Insurance
Recreational Vehicle & ATVs
Incidental Hunting or Fishing


Perennial Forage Crops for the North
It is not widely known that the cattle we are familiar with in our part of the world originated in the forests and swamps of Northern Europe.
During the warm summer months, they would spend their time in the swamps, keeping cool, and grazing on the grasses and aquatic plants, much in the same way as moose do here in these parts today.
When winter descended, the cattle would move into the sheltered forests and survive through the winter by foraging on the undergrowth, and lower branches of trees.
Tree hay is a term used for the practice of pruning trees in July, when nutrients are high, and stored until winter when it is fed to livestock.
The animals strip the leaves, tips, and bark from the tree hay and it provides a mineral rich alternative to standard hay made from grasses.
Notice in this video that they are using standard coppice tree species, which means that the tree will grow back vigorously. A multi-functional aspect of this technique is that the animals process the wood so that the end product is suitable as fuel for a rocket mass heater.
Pines (so long as you don't plan on butchering the animal shortly after as it imparts an unpleasant flavour), Alder, Poplar (except black poplar), Silver Birch, Linden, willow, mulberry, elder.
Gorse has historically been used as a highly nutritious animal fodder which is preferred by livestock. It is cut right to the ground once every 2 years, with the top of the plant used for fodder, and the rest for animal bedding and fire wood.
Be aware that wilted maple and cherry leaves contain toxins that are harmful to animals, however fresh and dried are fine.


What happens if urea is not properly mixed with soil?
Urea is lost for the following reason.
If the urea is in the ground, the ammonia gas will quickly combine with soil water to form ammonium hydroxide which is stable and not subject to volatilization loss.
However, if the urea is on the soil surface when the breakdown occurs, the ammonia gas is lost to the atmosphere..
Does urea need to be watered in?
Urea provides a cost-effective way to add an important nutrient to your soil: nitrogen. Often sold as granules you spread around your garden and yard to encourage color and plant growth, urea needs to be watered or tilled into the soil within two days to make sure the plants can access as much nitrogen as possible.
How do you use urea in potted plants?
Urea should be diluted to at least half distillation, and the soils should be well watered after application when used as indoor plant fertilizer. A good use of urea is in foliar sprays, where the plant can immediately use what it needs and the rest evaporates.
Can urea kill you?
Signs of toxicity can commence from as little as ten minutes after urea is eaten and include abdominal pain, frothing at the mouth and nose, bloat, muscle tremors, incoordination, weakness, bellowing, lying down and struggling. Fatality rates in cases of urea toxicity are high.
Does urea increase pH?
It has been confirmed that urea increases the measured pH of aqueous solutions. … It is postulated that urea at high concentrations drastically reduces the activity of hydrogen ions, leaving the activities of the other ions more or less unchanged.
What are the disadvantages of urea?
Urea has several advantages, including cost per pound of nitrogen, higher nutrient density and good handling and storage properties. The biggest disadvantage is the potential for volatilization. This occurs when urea is surface-applied and converted to ammonium carbonate by urease.
Is urea harmful for plants?
Impurities and Improper Use of Urea Fertilizers Can Damage Plants. … As with any source of nitrogen, urea itself can damage plants: nitrogen impairs or completely impedes seed germination, and too much nitrogen can give crops a “burn.”
How long does urea last in soil?
But with the enzyme urease, plus any small amount of soil moisture, urea normally hydrolyzes and converts to ammonium and carbon dioxide. This can occur in two to four days and happens more quickly on high pH soils. Unless it rains, you must incorporate urea during this time to avoid ammonia loss.
Is urea good for all plants?
Urea is an organic chemical compound produced when the liver breaks down proteins and ammonia. … Manufactured urea fertilizer can, therefore, be considered an organic fertilizer. It contains large amounts of nitrogen, which is essential for healthy plant growth.


Experiment 1 nucleic acids: an introduction a sugar, and a phosphate group attachment of the base to the sugar is is called the hyperchromic effect the. The experiment that was conducted during class on fermentation was designed to look at the effects of alcohol concentration on the fermentation ability of yeast it was hypothesized that if the ethanol concentration is increased above 14%, then the carbon dioxide formation (anaerobic respiration) will greatly decrease because the yeast will die. Scientific report the experiment was repeated three times to ensure reliability it could effect the rate at which the water boils, and the temperature of the. The purpose of this experiment is to measure fruit ripening caused by the plant hormone ethylene, by using an iodine indicator to detect the conversion of plant starch to sugar a hypothesis: the ripening of an unripe fruit will be unaffected by storing it with a banana you've heard that 'one. Use this experiment to determine if temperature has any effect on solubility add a 1/2 cup of lukewarm tap water to a plastic cup weigh about 5 tablespoons of salt and gradually add the salt to the tap water, stirring to mix.
You can modify this lab to test the effect of enzyme concentration, temperature, sugar source, enzyme source or salinity choose 1 independent variable to test below are lists of variables and some ideas on how to test them. How does the concentration of salt in water affect the ability of an object to float age: middle school and up: safety concerns: iron in cereal experiment salt water density experiment. Lab 2 spectrophotometric measurement of glucose objectives we can determine the concentration of a the blank should be made of water and sugar, the other.
˘ˇ ˆ˙ ˝ ˛ experiment 5 liquid diffusion coefficient 10 objectives of experiment to determine the liquid diffusion coefficient of nacl solution in distilled/de-ionized water. Enzymes introduction: experiment you will test the effects that changes in temperature have on lactase place your tube in a water bath or a 100 ml beaker. The effect of substrate concentration on the activity of the enzyme catalase a level biology project aims this is an experiment to examine how the concentration of the substrate hydrogen peroxide affects the rate of reaction of the enzyme catalase.
View lab report - lab 5 cellular respiration and fermentation from bio 112 at gaston college abstract the first experiment was conducted to determine if the concentration of the yeast affected. Sample abstract of experiment and results: the problem was to determine the effect of salt water on germinating radish seeds, and also to determine if there was a maximum concentration that could be tolerated. Ap04 diffusion and osmosis experiment it also means that the concentration of water is the same as inside the cell the cell the effect of concentration on a. Students need to plan an experiment to determine the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction 3 students have to construct a hypothesis for this experiment. The concentration of salt will remain the same on both sides, but now the concentration of water on the side with more salt will be greater this is due to a process called osmosis you can learn more about a related process, diffusion, in this guide.
As osmosis is defined as the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration, i predict that as the water concentration decreases in the potato pieces the overall mass and length will decrease too. In experiment 1 you looked at the effect of water movement on the size and shape of cells in this experiment you will examine the effect of a concentration gradient on the speed of water movement across a semipermeable membrane (dialysis tubing. D determine the effects of temperature, molecular size, and concentration gradient on the rate of diffusion or osmosis determine the concentration of water in. The experiment's purpose is to determine the effects of the concentration of alcohol on yeast fermentation another purpose for this experiment is to determine why alcohol's optimum concentration is between 12% and 14.
Ill give out brainiest in a research studying the effect of sugar intake on concentration, the researcher randomly assigns student participants to either a group that receives water before taking a test or juice and candy before taking a test. A calibration curve can be used to determine the concentration of solute in an unknown solution whose density has been measured experiment is that sugar is the.
We will write a custom essay sample on to investigate the effect to the potato cells in the different solute concentration water specifically for you for only $1638 $139/page order now. Calculate the average concentration of the manganese (ii) sulfate solution from the two samples and be sure to show the range of values in your report if you find that the two. The purpose of this lab was to observe the effect of enzyme concentration on the reaction and reducing sugar (rostogi, 2005) water and starch, collide to. Your first experiment will investigate the effect of sucrose concentration on the rate of your last experiment with yeast and sucrose besides yeast, sugar.


3HP 4-Stroke Engine Gas Powered Water Transfer Pump Portable Petrol High Flow US. This gasoline engine water pump engine can quickly transfer clear water at speeds up to 35 GPM (gallons per minute). The gas engine on the pump makes it ideal for use during power outages and at remote jobsites. Powerful 79.8cc 4-stroke overhead valve gas engine, low oil alert, recoil start. Multiuse, The pump is suitable for garden lawn watering, field pumping, drainage operations, clothing crops, green seedlings, irrigation and fertilization, etc.Engine type: single-cylinder, air-cooled, 4-stroke gasoline engine. Maximum power and speed: 3HP, 3700r/min. Fuel tank volume: 0.95gallon. Engine oil tank volume: 0.16gallon. Water pump inlet: 1 (25mm).


Prominent international scientific society headquartered in Madison, Wisconsin. Society members are dedicated to the conservation and wise use of natural resources to produce food, feed, and fiber crops while maintaining and improving the environment. (Discounted student membership rates are available.)
The professional scientific society and conservation organization whose members are concerned with studying, conserving, managing and sustaining the varied resources of the rangelands which comprise nearly half the land in the world.
This is a source of daily commodity futures and financial market information. TFC tracks commodities and financial indicators, making the information available in the form of free online charts and intraday commodity quotes.
Web Soil Survey (WSS) provides soil data and information produced by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. It is operated by the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and provides access to the largest natural resource information system in the world.
Your Librarian Liaison
Laura Baker Liaison to Agricultural & Environmental Science, Law, Political Science, Music E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org Phone: 325-674-2477 Library Room 205 (Learning Commons) Profile & Guides


We built a new flower bed. I'd bought some blackberries, strawberries, knockout roses, and perennials a few weeks ago, so we finally got them in the ground. We desperately need a new fence to gain some privacy from the neighbors, but the greenery will have to do until we can decide what we want to do.
It complements the dahlia garden quite nicely, too.
We also beautified the mailbox and driveway. Mulch is magic! The trees lining our driveway looked overrun with weeds and awkward. A little weeding and a bag of mulch greatly improved the curb appeal. We planted some climbing mandevilla and lavender near the mailbox to give it a little more pizzazz. And I finally re-potted my hanging baskets into actual baskets instead of the plastic tubs they came in.
Our garden is well on its way with a few cherry tomatoes about ready to eat. The rest of the veggies are dragging behind, but surely they'll be showing their leaves soon.


Estimated Reading Time: 8 minutes Adopting sustainable practices in agriculture can be a challenge due to the need for upfront investment and changes in farming methods. However, this challenge presents an opportunity for businesses to differentiate themselves in the market by demonstrating their commitment to sustainability in agriculture and sustainable business. By implementing precision agriculture technologies, diversifying crops and livestock, and developing sustainable land management practices, businesses can optimize resource use and reduce waste, increase productivity, and mitigate risks associated with climate change and market fluctuations.
Estimated Reading Time: 8 minutes Master the art of task management with this simple guide. Learn to balance Task Momentum and Sunk Cost Bias for improved productivity.
Estimated Reading Time: 8 minutes Mental Agility will be one of the main skills necessary for success. It leads to better energy, clarity, and positivity. It focuses on the Agile mindset.


Grow Maxx Professional Garden Supply Center
Grow Maxx, located at 1220 S. Stephenson Ave. Iron Mountain, Michigan 49801, is a professional garden supply store in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.
We are your one stop shop for all of your horticulture needs!
We stock organic nutrients and supplies to help you make your garden grow! Whether you are an outdoor gardener, indoor gardener, or both, we are here to help. Grow Maxx is here to help your garden thrive, year round, no matter what conditions or obstacles you face.


By Elaine Simmons
Riotous spring pansies are well served by planning ahead. If you have outdoor window boxes or winter proof pots, plant your pansies in these containers now with fresh potting soil (not topsoil). They will look good this fall, now that the weather has cooled. They will likely “wilt” a bit (and look rather sorry) in the colder months of winter but, unless we have truly bitter cold, these same pansies will normally spring back to life in March or April, earlier and with more vigor than if you plant them in the spring. In this way you get two seasons of enjoyment out of the same plants.
Pansies disdain heat, so the short seasons of fall and early spring are when they flourish in this area. When the pansies get leggy and spent in May or June, you can replace them with annuals that tolerate summer heat. Right now, the nearby garden centers are well stocked with these plants. Brighter solid colors like yellow, orange, or white will “pop” against your house, or try a combo of contrasting colors like purple, yellow, and white. Pinch off spent blooms at the base of the stems to stimulate new flowers.
And don’t throw away the old potting soil! I keep big pots of it in the garage to use in making compost, combining it with vegetable scraps, coffee grounds/filters, tea bags, and dryer lint. After six weeks or so in bin, the depleted old soil is transformed into rich loam.


Join us to get new ideas for living more simply, growing locally and creating change within your community as part of Surf Coast Shire Council’s ReimaginED workshop series.
March events are:
The Thrifty Gardener 24th March 7pm
Be inspired to reuse waste materials in your garden to help the environment and make your garden beautiful, functional and productive on a budget. Join us for this free webinar covering the basics of sustainable garden design with Richard Rowe from Sustainable Gardening Australia.
This event will be presented online via Zoom, with link and details sent the day before the event.
Climate Action Through Gardening 31st March 7pm
This webinar will introduce you to simple changes you can take to reduce your personal emissions at home and help prepare your garden for a changing climate. Topics will include:
recycling organic waste to reduce methane emissions, productive gardening to reduce food miles, re-purposing materials to reduce embedded carbon emissions, irrigation strategies for a drier climate and supporting biodiversity and indigenous wildlife in your gardens.
This free event will be presented online via Zoom, with link and details sent the day before the event.


Many things contribute to water waste, overwatering from underground irrigation systems being one of them. As the love for green grass grows, overwatering becomes more and more of a problem, especially with commercial property.
As TruGreen, a professional lawn care service, expands their business to include sprinkler maintenance/repair and installation, it would be a great opportunity for them to create a product that solves this problem.
In order to solve this problem, I had to re-imagine how irrigation system work, how they’re used and what they look like. I concluded that watering systems need to be flexible to allow mother nature take its course and let rain water be the primary watering system and underground irrigation systems be a supplemental source of watering. To achieve this re-imagined watering system, I created an app and modified the sprinkler itself.
For this project, my deliverables included: developing a target audience, wireframes for the app, and diagrams for what the sprinkler will look like.
Through observation and research I saw that the lawns that were the most overwatered are commercial lawns. It is especially apparent when it rains. Often times you find the sprinklers running while it’s raining. For the target audience I focused on those who manage commercial properties, including: property managers and groundskeepers.
Target Audience Assumptions:
- Users have to keep up and manage several lawns within their property
- Users need to shut off, run, or pause sprinklers quickly
- Users might need a reminder of scheduled lawn maintenance
- Users need to schedule emergency maintenance
Most outdoor irrigation systems, if not all, water on a rigid schedule and leave little wriggle room for rain (whether it’s going to rain or has already rained). TruGreen’s Watering System provides flexibility by using an app that give the user ultimate control. The user can stop, run, or pause their sprinkler system whenever needed. The app also provides suggestions as to when the sprinklers should be ran based on soil water levels and the weather.
In order to provide accurate water levels in the soil, the sprinklers needed to be modified by placing a soil moisture sensor on the sprinkler. This will allow tell you exactly how much water your lawn needs and when not to water.


The last two weeks of farmers market season are upon us. Both Trinity Lutheran Church’s Wednesday morning and Farmer’s Market Tullahoma’s Monday afternoon markets will be closing for the remainder of the year at the end of this month.
The time to get the last of fresh produce, flowers and other local products is now. Support local growers who provide farm fresh produce, organic and non-GMO products that owners of the stands picked just that morning. The plants are often picked at the peak of their ripeness, providing more nutrition than produce in the grocery store’s produce section.
There are also many local bakers, crafters, canners and more at the two markets. Some of these include The Rustic Greenhouse, Hemp and The Hare, and Ann Bryan who creates holiday wreaths and flower arrangements.
All of these vendors come to one place for the convenience of Tullahoma’s citizens, offering their products throughout the summer and fall months.
Trinity Lutheran Church’s market is on Wednesday mornings from 6 a.m. – 11:30 a.m. Farmer’s Market Tullahoma is on Monday afternoon from 3 p.m. – 6 p.m. Farmer’s Market Tullahoma will be holding a trunk-or-treat event on Monday, Oct. 28 to spread joy to children and also celebrate their closing day.
“This year has been a great season,” Lynne Atkielski, director of Farmer’s Market Tullahoma, said. “Locals will not be able to go to another farmer’s market until around next May, so they need to stop by and get their fix.”
Trinity Lutheran Church is located at 705 Wilson Avenue and Farmer’s Market Tullahoma is at 404 South Jackson Street.
Katelyn Lawson may be reached at firstname.lastname@example.org.