Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have enabled the use of microbial production platforms for the renewable production of many high-value natural products. Titers and yields, however, are often too low to result in commercially viable processes. Microbial co-cultures have the ability to distribute metabolic burden and allow for modular specific optimization in a way that is not possible through traditional monoculture fermentation methods. Here, we present an Escherichia coli co-culture for the efficient production of flavonoids in vivo, resulting in a 970-fold improvement in titer of flavan-3-ols over previously published monoculture production. To accomplish this improvement in titer, factors such as strain compatibility, carbon source, temperature, induction point, and inoculation ratio were initially optimized. The development of an empirical scaled-Gaussian model based on the initial optimization data was then implemented to predict the optimum point for the system. Experimental verification of the model predictions resulted in a 65% improvement in titer, to 40.7±0.1mg/L flavan-3-ols, over the previous optimum. Overall, this study demonstrates the first application of the co-culture production of flavonoids, the most in-depth co-culture optimization to date, and the first application of empirical systems modeling for improvement of titers from a co-culture system.
Metabolic Engineering 35, pp. 55-63 (2016)


LED lights are an agricultural lighting source that has recently become more common in the industry. They offer farmers many benefits in terms of electricity consumption and improved poultry production. Hontech Wins presents an opportunity to help poultry plants increase their yields!
Why is poultry lighting important?
Poultry lighting is important because it helps increase poultry production. Lights help stimulate the poultry’s natural behavior and increase their productivity. Like many other agricultural industries, poultry farming has struggled to keep up with the growing demand for its products. One solution to this problem is to increase poultry production through the use of LED lighting.
Poultry farmers need to consider a few things when using LED lighting in their operations. First, they needed to make sure the LED lights were oriented correctly to provide the best light distribution. Second, they need to install lights specially designed for poultry farming, as not all LED lights are suitable for this purpose. Finally, they need to ensure that the poultry have adequate exposure to light.
Benefits of Poultry Lighting
When it comes to poultry farming, LEDs have many benefits. They are energy efficient, which means they use less energy than traditional lighting systems. This can help farmers save on electricity bills and make their operations more environmentally friendly. LEDs also provide more consistent light than traditional lighting systems, which helps poultry farmers improve their breeding programs and achieve better yields. In fact, LED lighting can even increase poultry production by up to 50%!
Lighting is an important part of poultry farming, especially egg production. Poultry farmers have long known that supplemental lighting at night can help stimulate egg production.
LEDs are now one of the most popular types of lighting for poultry because they provide light in a variety of colors (important for breeding programs). They are durable and lightweight, and do not produce any harmful fumes or heat.
LED lighting has become a standard feature in many commercial poultry businesses. It helps increase poultry productivity by reducing disease incidence to increase egg production and overall poultry health. Therefore, if you are looking for effective ways to increase poultry production, LED agricultural lighting is definitely an option you should consider.
LED lighting can also help improve poultry production. Chickens raised in LED-lit barns produced more eggs than chickens raised under conventional lighting, and their meat was noticeably fresher. If you’re looking for an eco-friendly way to increase poultry production, LED agricultural lighting may be the solution you’ve been looking for.


Our wild rooibos is sustainably harvested from 30 to 50 year old naturally occurring plants in the Cederberg mountains of the Western Cape of South Africa. These plants contain more nutrition and flavour as a result, as well as adapt to climate change and drought more efficiently.
This Rooibos is unlike any other with a deep, complex flavour that has earthy, woody, sweet and smooth notes.
Indigenous tribes of South Africa used Rooibos to accompany them on their hunting trips, which would last for many days. Associated with the sun, it was seen as a giver of life. As a legume, Rooibos allows its community plants to thrive by converting nitrogen in the air to a usable substance in the soil. It brings life and balance to the ecosystem.
Our Rooibos has been sustainably harvested from the Wild. Allowing the plants to grow in the wild supports the delicate Fynbos ecosystem, contributing to better plant and soil conditions as well as adaptation to climate change, thus benefiting the entire plant community and allowing it to thrive. This results in a Premium Quality product


Ecclesiastes 3:11 – He hath made every thing beautiful in his time: also he hath set the world in their heart, so that no man can find out the work that God maketh from the beginning to the end.
One of the joys of starting a garden is actually seeing the end results. I myself only enjoy starting a garden from seeds and on occasion purchase establish flowers just to speed up the process. But those flowers don’t last too long and then they are wilted. For some reason or other, I can’t seem to keep them flowering the way I purchased them from the garden store. However, my success is always rewarded when I actually plant them from seeds. I choose a nice spot to start the garden bed, make sure they are planted according to instructions, and water, water, water till I see them sprout. Now you need to make sure you know your weeds and flowers when they germinate, because you could eventually pull your flowers out instead of the weeds. One summer I put an avocado seed in a large container, and I completely forgot about it. Through seeding that container with flowers and constant watering the avocado started sprouting and it looked like a weed to me and well, I pulled it out and at the end of the plant was an avocado seed hanging from it. I thought “NOOOOO”.
My constant diligence in caring for these seeds in the ground reveals the end results of my laboring over it, Through the heat of the day, cold of the night when a late frost blasts through unexpectedly. In it’s beginning stages of growth, you want to hurry it along by fertilizing it. But when that first bloom emerges your heart can’t express how beautiful it is, And you examine it’s petals and colors and wonder “how did God do that”? He painted that flower so perfectly as if he used a fine tip brush.
In my life, it is searching God’s word, trusting God’s word and constantly feeding my soul with the water of life that yields results. My God does things so beautifully and perfectly. And when he is done accomplishing His work in me, my heart can’t express how grateful and even words can’t describe how awesome He is. All I can do is say “thank you Lord.”


grass seeds with political value
12 x 13 cm (edition of 1000)
distributed by the Protest Supplies Store
Download press image
Malieveldgras is a product Willem de Haan developed for the webshop Protest Supplies Store. The unique grass mix is a combination of seeds used by Staatsbosbeheer to maintain the famous Malieveld (The Netherland's most famous grass field, known for the many protests that take place here because of it's location near the parliament), combined with seeds Willem himself cultivated out of a stolen piece of Malieveld.
With the product, Willem tries to stimulate alternative forms of (local) protest. Currently, the Malieveld is seen as the go-to location for any type of protest. Though, the COVID-19 virus (including lockdown measures) made it harder for big groups of people to get together on this specific piece of grass. Especially when living far away. The product Malieveldgras offers a possible solution: spreading the political value this famous grass adds to any protest, throughout the whole country.
Each package of Malieveldgras is filled with 30 grams of the unique Malieveldgras seed mix, which should be enough to grow 1,5m² of Malieveld in your own garden or local park.
This project is made possible with the support of Stichting Stokroos, Schakel025 and Provincie Gelderland. Since its release in August 2020, Malieveldgras has been featured on VICE, NOS, Radio NPO2, 3FM, Omroep West, Radio NPO5 and AD.


Also known as Quick or Early Version strains, these specimens are F1 hybrids derived from selective breeding with auto genetics.
Despite their auto ancestry, these strains still remain photoperiod (dependent on light cycles to bloom), however, are blessed with the ability to race through the vegetative stage and start flowering in less time than their non-fast counterparts.
This usually knocks a week or two off the overall growing time for any given ganja strain, and is a less divisive method to using autoflowering seeds as these specimens tend to be far more similar in every way to their non-fast equivalent than an auto variant will be.
What’s more, those final two weeks are (as any experienced grower knows) crucial to a successful harvest – by shortening the flowering time, those endgame risks (from pests to thefts) are effectively mitigated.
What are the benefits of cultivating fast flowering pot?
Fast Version strains tend to have their biggest audiences in cooler northern regions, where the swifter cultivation time is a considerable boon to beating the cold or humid weather.
Even in more tropical climes, these beans still have their fans – after all, wouldn’t you want your weed quicker if you had the choice? Especially as it means more potential crops per year and a rapid turnaround (of particular appeal to commercial cultivators hunting a cash crop).
Perhaps the main benefit though is that, unlike many autoflowering varieties, Fast Version seeds are typically more or less identical in every way to the originals – same yields, same potency, same flavor and aroma, only faster.
How are Fast Version seeds different to autoflowering seeds?
The key difference is that Fast Version cannabis plants are (just like any other feminized seeds) still dependent on light cycles in order to shift from vegetative stage to flowering. While treated to more light hours than dark hours, these plants will continue growing and not flowering – when they receive equal hours light and dark, the flowers will begin to bloom.
Autos, on the other hand, are pre-programmed to bloom regardless of their light exposure. After 30 days at the most, autoflowering marijuana plants will automatically start producing flowers.
This translates to larger yield potential for Fast Version strains than autos in general, as growers are able to adapt the vegetative period to suit their desires, enabling the cultivation of massive plants just like any other photoperiod specimen.
Should I choose a Fast Version or an autoflowering strain?
This entirely depends on your needs.
Autos are famously easy to get to grips with, merciful and resilient. That said, many within the cultivation community snub these innovative little beauties because they’re bred with ‘inferior’ genetics – sadly, the Ruderalis genes (which gives the auto trait) are not exactly potent or desirable in any other way, resulting in many autos being considered by some as ‘sub-par’ compared to photoperiods.
Breeders are always improving though, and plenty of autos these days can and do hold an impressive candle to their photoperiod equivalents.
Fast Versions, meanwhile, strike a happier middle ground. There’s less chance your strain will differ in terms of yield potential, potency, aroma or flavor, but you’ll have that bit more work ahead of you than if you opted for an auto instead.
As always, the choice comes down to preference.
Can I grow Fast Version seeds indoors or outdoors?
These fast flowering beauties are designed to thrive in indoor and outdoor environments, so no matter what type of grow you have in mind, you’ll find these beans more than suitable.
Cultivators in the northern hemisphere or those looking to rush in a last-minute outdoor crop before the weather turns are often quick to snap up Fast Version cannabis seeds due to their versatility, reliability, speed and output.
Likewise, growers who simply want their marijuana faster than ever (particularly those who consider true autoflowering strains to be inferior to photoperiods) are often quick to grab their favorite Fast Version seeds.


High-quality products start with high-quality materials. At Mini Melon, we are committed to sourcing the best organic fabrics and materials for our products.
Because respecting the planet is our core value. Farmers practicing organic farming understand this, and are committed to the same values. Organic farming eliminates the use of toxic chemicals, pesticides, and fertilizers to grow crops, reduces water usage, and humanely treats animals, to deliver a higher quality product.
In turn, these sustainably practices build-up the soil and strengthen the planet, rather than traditional commercial farming which depletes the soil and relies on man-made chemicals to sustain crop growth.
Organic cotton, hemp, bamboo, and wool provide a strong, sustainable fabric that is free of all the chemicals.


Home » Philodendron Green: How to Grow and Care
Philodendron Green: How to Grow and Care
Growing Philodendron Green Philodendron Green is a tropical plant that grows naturally in the rainforests of Central and South America. As such, it thrives in warm, humid environments with indirect sunlight.
Here are some tips for growing Philodendron Green:
- Soil: Philodendron Green prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. You can use a general-purpose potting mix or make your own by mixing equal parts peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite.
- Watering: Water your Philodendron Green when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot. Make sure your pot has drainage holes to prevent water from accumulating at the bottom.
- Light: Philodendron Green prefers bright, indirect sunlight. Avoid direct sunlight, as this can scorch the leaves. If your plant isn’t getting enough light, the leaves may become smaller and darker in color.
- Humidity: Philodendron Green thrives in humid environments, so consider placing a humidifier near your plant. You can also mist the leaves with water or place a tray of water near the plant to increase humidity.
- Fertilizer: You can fertilize your Philodendron Green once a month during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer. Follow the instructions on the label for best results.
Caring for Philodendron Green Philodendron Green is a relatively low-maintenance plant, but there are a few things you can do to ensure it stays healthy and happy:
- Pruning: You can prune your Philodendron Green to promote bushier growth and prevent it from becoming too leggy. Use clean, sharp scissors to cut back any stems that have become too long or are growing in an undesirable direction.
- Pests: Philodendron Green is generally resistant to pests, but it can attract mealybugs, spider mites, and scale insects. If you notice any signs of infestation (such as yellowing leaves or sticky residue on the leaves), treat your plant with an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Repotting: Philodendron Green doesn’t need to be repotted very often, but you may need to do so if the roots become cramped or the plant outgrows its pot. When repotting, choose a pot that is one size larger than the current one and make sure it has drainage holes.
Philodendron Green is a beautiful and easy-to-care-for houseplant that can bring a touch of tropical greenery to any home. By following these simple tips, you can ensure that your plant thrives and grows into a lush and healthy specimen.
Most Asked Questions
How do you take care of a green philodendron?
To take care of a green philodendron, you should provide it with well-draining soil, bright but indirect sunlight, and moderate humidity. Water the plant when the top inch of soil is dry, fertilize it once a month during the growing season, prune it to promote bushy growth, and repot it as needed.
What is the green philodendron called?
The green philodendron is called Philodendron Green, Philodendron Scandens, or Heartleaf Philodendron.
Do Philodendrons need a lot of sunlight?
Philodendrons prefer bright, indirect sunlight. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves, so it’s best to place them near a window with filtered light or in a well-lit room.
Is philodendron a good indoor plant?
Yes, philodendrons are excellent indoor plants because they are relatively easy to care for and can thrive in a range of conditions. They can help purify the air in your home and add a touch of greenery to any room.
How often do you water a green philodendron?
The frequency of watering a green philodendron depends on factors such as the size of the plant, the pot size, and the humidity levels. As a general guideline, water the plant when the top inch of soil is dry to the touch, which may mean watering once a week or every 10-14 days.
Do philodendrons like small pots?
Philodendrons prefer to be slightly pot-bound, so they do well in smaller pots. However, if the plant outgrows its pot, you should repot it to a larger container.


It's Composting Day, a perfect occasion to celebrate the practice of reducing waste and creating nutrient-rich soil for your plants. Composting is a simple process that anyone can do, and with a few tricks and tips, you can make it even more effective. What better way to begin your composting journey than by incorporating sustainable household products like the Composty’s pop-up sponges into your routine? Composty's sponges are crafted from 100% natural cellulose, derived from wood pulp. These eco-friendly sponges can be thrown into your compost pile along with your food waste, ensuring they break down naturally over time. To enhance your composting experience, we'd like to share some of our best composting tips with you! Choose the right compost bin: Selecting the appropriate compost bin is crucial for successful composting. Consider options such as a traditional compost bin, a tumbling composter, or even a worm composting system. Choose the bin that suits your space, budget, and lifestyle. Add the right ingredients: To create nutrient-rich soil, incorporate the right ingredients into your compost bin. This includes brown materials like leaves and twigs, green materials like food scraps and grass clippings, and water. Aim for a 2:1 ratio of brown to green materials, and maintain proper moisture levels without making the compost too wet. Avoid certain items: While composting is an excellent waste reduction method, it's important to avoid certain items in your compost bin. These include meat, dairy, oily foods, pet waste, weeds, and diseased plants. These items can attract pests, generate unpleasant odours, and slow down the composting process. Use compostable sponges like our friends at Composty: Incorporating compostable sponges, such as those offered by Composty, helps reduce waste and enhances the effectiveness of your composting process. These sponges are crafted from natural materials like cellulose and cotton, and they can be composted alongside your food scraps and other organic materials. Turn your c?ompost regularly: Regularly turning your compost is essential for proper aeration and speeding up the decomposition process. Use a pitchfork or compost-turning tool to mix the materials and promote airflow. Aim to turn your co mpost at least once a week, or more frequently if you notice slow decomposition. Patience is key: Composting requires patience. Depending on your compost bin and the materials used, it may take several months to a year for your compost to be fully ready. However, the end result is well worth the wait—nutrient-rich soil that will nourish your plants and promote their growth. By following these simple tips, you can save money, reduce waste, and create nutrient-rich soil for your beloved plants. Composting is a straightforward and effective way to make a positive impact on the environment. This National Compost Day, we are delighted to collaborate with Composty to offer our followers a chance to win an Eco BBQ Bundle featuring a range of Composty's eco-friendly sponges. Head over to our Instagram page for the rules on how to enter. Happy Compost Day!
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Peanut Worms appear in the episode: Growth Spout. They are all in Mrs. Puff's Vegetable Garden. They look like big peanuts. Mr. Krabs steals them from Mrs. Puff's garden, because he wants to gives food to Pearl, who is having her growth spurt and gets even hungrier, by everything she eats. They squirt out gooey lquid as a form of self-defence. It is questioned why Mrs. Puff just has peanut worms in her garden, because she doesn't have anything else in her garden.


I'm satisfied to buy my food from the supermarket and not worry about where it came from. So the prospect of tracing the American human food chain to its origins seemed akin to taking bitter medicine for me. But I wanted to be a well informed world citizen so I started this book with some apprehension. Fortunately, I found the author to be a entertaining story teller. I found the last quarter of the book especially entertaining where the author tells about his experiments with being a hunter-gatherer. However, the underlying message of the book is a serious one that everybody should hear. The book teaches the reader compelling lessons about what we are actually eating and what the costs of our choices are in terms of our dependence on oil, the toll on the environment, and the health of our bodies.
Here are some questions answered by this book:
1. Why does a typical US citizen have a higher percentage of carbon atoms in their body that originated in a corn plant than a typical Mexican? (Despite the fact that Mexican's eat a lot of corn tortillas and Anglo-American's eat a lot of wheat bread.)
2. What does "Free range chicken" mean? How free and how large was the range?
3. Is "industrial-organic" an oxymoron? Or what does "organic" mean?
4. Why would being a "grass farmer" be considered by some to be a revolutionary way of farming?
This book was published in 2006, so the prices for corn, wheat and soybeans have risen significantly since then due to the increase in demand caused by ethanol production. So some of the things said in the book about corn prices are a little dated. But fuel and fertilizer prices have risen also, so the overall discussion about the profitability of farming is still probably correct.


Whether you look at it or play on it, homeowners love lush green grass. For families, the lawn is a playground for children and pets. Gardeners see grass as a neutral green carpet surrounded by brilliant flower beds. Your lawn is a calming view from the deck while sipping a favorite beverage. However you enjoy it, a few best practices will keep it healthy during summer.
8 Ways to Get Your Lawn Summer-Ready
Regular watering, weed control, and fertilizing contribute to a thriving lawn. Prepare your lawn for summer with these eight tips.
Turn on Your Sprinklers
Homeowners in cold states drain and turn off their in-ground lawn sprinklers in winter. This keeps the pipes from freezing and bursting during the winter. When spring comes, so does sprinkler season. But the best time to turn on the sprinkler system varies depending on where you live. In areas with cold winters, such as the Midwest, turn the sprinkler system after the last freeze, usually in May.
In the mountain and western regions of the US, drought conditions led to water conservation regulations. These states have an irrigation or sprinkler season that starts May 1 and ends October 1, though the exact dates may vary.
The first few times you water your grass, look for signs of faulty sprinklers. These include:
- Irregular spray patterns
- Unusually low or very high water pressure
- Water puddles around the lawn
- The controller system isn’t working properly
A malfunctioning sprinkler system wastes water and can lead to costly damages. Leaky sprinklers can cause water to puddle around your foundation and flood the basement. Call a plumber if your lawn sprinkler has clogs or leaks.
You’ll also need professional help for sprinkler leaks that cause water damage to your home. With water damage, speed is essential to dry out and dehumidify your home to avoid mold growth. For example, the water restoration experts at SERVPRO have an eight-step process that includes inspection and damage assessment, cleaning, sanitizing and deodorizing, and repairs and reconstruction.
Prep Your Lawn
A healthy summer lawn starts with spring lawn care.
Address Bare Patches
If your lawn has dead spots, here’s an expert tip to soften brown, dry patches. Put a little dish soap in a spray bottle or hose-end sprayer. Use about three ounces of dish soap per gallon of water. Spray the brown area so the soap can help break down dead grass to help water soak through the thatch into the soil.
Choose a biodegradable dish soap without bleach or antibacterial ingredients. If bubbles form on the ground, spray it with clear water. To fill bare patches, till the soil and spread seed evenly across the space.
Dethatch Your Lawn
Over the winter, thatch or decaying plant material accumulates in your lawn. Rake it thoroughly to remove thatch and allow sunlight and water to reach the grass.
Fertilize the Grass
Fertilizer gives grass nutrients that soil may lack. Apply fertilizer at least twice a year during the growing season. A rule of thumb is to fertilize in late spring and early fall, but follow the recommendations for your brand of fertilizer.
Spot Treat Weeds
If you see a dandelion or other weeds, spray them before they spread. Use a commercial weed killer or make a natural weed killer with ingredients like salt and vinegar or castile soap.
Check Your Tools
Dull lawn mower blades tear the grass, making it susceptible to disease and less resistant to drought, heat, and pests. Experts recommend sharpening your mower blades twice during the growing season. Take the lawn mower to a hardware or home improvement store or sharpen it yourself if you’re handy and have the right tools.
Don’t mow your lawn too short, or you’ll stress the grass plant. Maintain a height of 3 inches or more. Your grass will grow deeper roots and be more drought resistant.
Regular watering differs between a green lawn and a yellow dormant one. The best time of day to water your lawn is in the morning before 10 am. It’s more relaxed and less windy so that the water can soak into the soil. In the evening, try to water between 4 and 6 pm. That allows the blades of grass to dry before nightfall, minimizing the chance of disease.
Check the water regulations for your city if your area is in a drought. Some cities or states prohibit landscape watering to preserve water for essential functions. If you can’t water your lawn, it will turn yellow and become dormant. But it will revive when the rain returns.
Get Your Lawn Summer Ready
The steps you take in the spring will get your lawn summer ready. It will look good and be healthy enough to withstand summer’s heat or dry spells. While most lawn maintenance is a DIY job, get help to repair a faulty sprinkler system. Too much or too little water will harm your lawn. Also, seek expert help if a sprinkler leak floods your basement. Water restoration experts can speed the repair process and help minimize the damages. With these tips, your lawn will be ready for children’s soccer games, the dog’s zoomies, or your quiet morning coffee break.


Harvest has begun at Tenuta Carretta
Reading time in
The photo above was taken in mid-July in Cannubi looking out at the village of La Morra. The sun was shining and there wasn’t a cloud in the sky but you could feel a cool breeze all the while, an indicator of ideal conditions for an excellent vintage.
A note from Tenuta Carretta CEO Giovanni Minetti…
The 2016 harvest began this week at Tenuta Carretta with the picking of the first white grapes. Last weekend, we already picked the Moscato grapes on the Malgrà estate. Thanks to ideal summer temperatures, a July full of days that were warm but not too hot and cool evenings, and rain that fell with the right frequency, our white grape harvest seems poised to deliver wines with intense aromas, great balance, and good structure. And based on early analysis of the fruit at the winery, the wines should also have good aging potential. All things considered, including issues with vine disease, this appears to be an excellent vintage despite a little bit of hail and some rain during flowering. The weather did not have any impact in terms of quality and it only affected the quantity of grapes. This year, production will most likely be 5 percent lower than the previous year.
The harvest has come early this year, in part because we want to preserve the complexity of the aromatic profile of the grapes and their acidity. Based on the analysis of early samples taken from the vineyards, the 2016 harvest appears to be an ideal vintage for the most part. The must seems to have the freshness and elegance of the 2014 vintage and the complexity and structure of the 2015. We are still waiting to pick the red grapes. Harvest will begin within the next month. In the meantime, we’re keeping our fingers crossed!


Big Sun Farms
The Largest Outdoor and Mixed-Light Co-Op in California
27 FARMS STRONG & Growing Daily
Big Sun is a leading producer of simple, sustainable, sun-grown cannabis on-scale.
We are second generation cannabis farmers that have a unique relationship with the plant. Our passion for growing the best sun-grown cannabis is at the very heart of this relationship.
It is based on Trust, we give the plant everything it needs from sun, water and our special blend of organic fertilizer and the plant in turn provides everything we need – it has provided for our families for over 40 years!
Experienced Management & Staff
Our Project managers have a combined 100 years of experience ensuring delivery of quality and on-time product with expertise spanning a wide range of
Agricultural & Cannabis Policy
Community, Government, and Media Relations,
Product management and marketing
Strategic & Technology counseling.
Our employees are trained and knowledgeable and are available for any questions.
Investment Opportunities Available Now
With an Estimated $50M Annual Revenue by 2019, Big Sun has the capacity to securitize loans against properties in Humboldt and Mendocino Counties.
Our 20+ farms are owned and operated in the premiere zone for outdoor/greenhouse production. Big Sun founders have over 1000 harvests with over 75 tons of premium cannabis.


In the past, metal nets made of metal instead of wood used to be very expensive items because the form of the metal nets was very complicated and heavy. However, as Americans launched long-term agricultural activities in the 19th century, the demand for metal mesh and metal net became crucial to protect farmers’ crops. The metal net can be made or fabricated by welding, intertwining, and many other metal working methods.
One of the most common things in the wire-making process is the welded wire mesh, or called welded wire fabric. This is a prefabricated connection grid for fused welding, consisting of a series of parallel longitudinal lines, and the accurate spacing welded to cross wires with the required spacing. Metal net making machines are used to produce screens with precise dimensional control. This product can save a lot of time, labor and cost.
Using a metal net making machine, users can obtain a reliable metal nets at a reasonable price, and use suitable fences to protect crops for agricultural use. In agricultural applications, fences are used to keep animals in or out particularly restricted areas, which is agricultural property defined by the owner. These fences can be made from a variety of wood or metal materials, depending on the terrain, location, and animals to be confined.
Most agricultural fences have an average height of about 1.2 meter, and in some places, the law requires the heights and construction fences should be designed for livestock. A fencerow is a piece of land surrounded by uncultivated fences. It may be a refugee in a hedge, shelter belt or native plant. If it is not too narrow, it will act as a habitat corridor. From the historical perspective of most societies in the world, domesticated animals can roam freely and are surrounded by gardens or crop fields and other unwanted places. All the while, especially when crop agriculture is dominant and the population density of people and animals is critical, livestock owners are fenced to protect their animals and keep them in a well-managed state. The earliest fences were made of available materials, usually stone or wood, and these original materials are still used by some fences even today.
Meanwhile, in areas where field stones are plentiful, fences have been established over the years. Because of cultivating and planting crops, the rocks were moved from the field. The stones were placed on the edge of the field to remove them. Therefore, it is well known that metal nets or fences are made to protect specific properties not to be touched by other animals or in some cases, by others people, or to prevent restricted animals from losing to field owners.
The requirement of metal mesh and wire fence is that they are mainly supported by tension and stretched between the heavy strutted or guy wired posts at the ends, corners. In Ideal condition, they should be separated by a longer distance, so the metal net making machine must be able to operate at a speed that enables this specification to be achieved. Between these support columns, there are other smaller wooden or metal columns that keep the wires spaced and upright, and the spacing is usually ranging from 10 to 20 feet, depending on the specification of the type of fence used. The specifications of the fence also need to state the width of the mesh, wire diameter, etc. The supplier will tell the purchasers about the delivery time for the net making and the entire production process.
Although the installation method of metal net is a very old technology, it is still very practical to protect various agricultural properties, including livestock and plants, from unnecessary contact or touch. In this way, it is expected that the technology of the metal net making machine will grow as well as the agricultural development soars in the fields all over the world. Now, with GE technology, genetically engineered agricultural properties have affected the way humans produce crops and meat sources, and this technology may also have a major impact on the design and development of metal net making machines. No matter how the technology changes and develops, we humans need certain restrictions and definitions. Therefore, in addition to agricultural applications, net making can also be applied to other application fields, such as land demarcation or construction projects. The demand for these specific machinery will continue to grow with the development of civilization.
IMTS Exhibition includes manufacturers from around the world. Send us a message with your requirements and our IMTS Experts will happily help you with your questions.


The world’s leading banana company, Chiquita has been shipping bananas since 1870, when Lorenzo Dow Baker shipped 160 bunches from Jamaica to Jersey City. Since bananas require minimal handling and very specific atmospheric conditions to ripen properly, shipping the fruit was challenging. Fortunately, favorable winds allowed Baker to reach Jersey City in 11 days, resulting in an impressive profit on his investment.
Today, modern technology helps companies overcome some of the many challenges that accompany shipping bananas. In February, Chiquita announced that the company will be adding five full container vessels that will be used to ship bananas from Central America to Europe’s Vlissingen port in the Netherlands. The vessels use ultra-efficient containers equipped with software that is designed to regulate the containers’ compressors and interior atmosphere. The new technology will result in increased efficiency of up to 50 percent, saving 17,000 tons of carbon emissions from entering the atmosphere.
Nearly 150 years after Baker’s first shipment of bananas left Central America, modern shipping technology allows people all over the world to enjoy fresh bananas.


My name is Gabriele, I'm a Italian and I'm a fan tractors and MMT. Tractors have been my passion for so much time... Already when I was child.
Today my collection is more than 270 models, primarily in 1:32 and 1:43 scale, in different kind: tractors, combine harvesters and equipment, some vintage and some Italian.
The name Agricola G.V.B. of my tractors collection derives from Farm Gabriele Vanessa Bellotti.
I created this site to present my collection to agricultural and farming fans.


Hawai‘i Forest Industry Association
Specialty Farmer Business Training Workshop
Friday, October 21, 2016
9 AM – 3 PM
Hilo Yacht Club
77 Laehala Street
Hilo, HI 96720
RSVP: firstname.lastname@example.org by October 1, 2016
The workshop is free of charge with limited seating. Morning coffee and lunch will be served.
About the Workshop
Small Business Development Center (SBDC) Hawaii Business Instructors will conduct the Specialty Farmer Business Training Workshop. While this workshop is part of the ‘Āina Mauna Christmas Tree Demonstration Project, topics will be applicable to those interested in growing or selling Christmas trees as well as other agricultural crops.
State of Hawai‘i Department of Agriculture
US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Marketing Service
About the ‘Āina Mauna Christmas Tree Demonstration Project
The ‘Āina Mauna Christmas Tree Demonstration Project involves importing and propagating seed and outplanting fir trees on Hawai‘i Island. Our goal is to show that Douglas fir and Grand fir are suitable for Hawai‘i production and to establish protocols and methods to create top quality Christmas trees that can compete with the imported trees in our local markets. The project also includes webpages, educational materials, and workshops.
Why Are We Growing Local Christmas Trees?
According to the Hawai‘i Department of Agriculture, shipments of Christmas trees from the Pacific Northwest have been found to be widely infested with slugs and other pests that are not found in Hawai‘i. The concern about the heavy infestation of slugs is that they may carry the parasite, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, or rat lungworm, which causes a disease that affects the human brain and spinal cord. Once an invasive pest or disease becomes established in Hawai‘i, it may have a devastating impact on Hawai‘i agriculture by causing damage to crops and is often costly for the state and growers to control. These invasive species can be very harmful to Hawaii’s unique ecosystems. Providing the Hawaiian Islands with locally grown Christmas trees will support import replacement and promote the “Buying Local, It Matters” message.
‘Āina Mauna Christmas Tree Demonstration Project Partners
Hawai‘i Forest Institute; Department of Hawaiian Home Lands; Hawaii Agriculture Research Center; DLNR Division of Forestry & Wildlife; County of Hawai‘i Department of Research & Development; College of Tropical Agriculture & Human Resources; Coordinating Group on Alien Pest Species; Hawaii Invasive Species Council; USDA Forest Service; Mauna Kea Watershed Alliance.


Nurturing the Earth and Ourselves
The Slow Food Movement – Revaluing What We Eat
by Paul Chaffee
For those who would love to find some middle ground between the strictures of a vegetarian or vegan diet, on one hand, and the sometime travesties of big agriculture, GMOs (genetically modified organisms), packaged food, and fast food, on the other, the slow food movement may be a satisfying alternative in reflecting on and choosing what you eat and how you eat. The ‘movement’ was found by an Italian named Carlo Petrini in 1986, responding to plans to build a fast-food restaurant in Rome. The slow food perspective urges us to return to the land, to cultivate and consume locally grown plants, seeds, and livestock with practices supporting sustainable crops and local businesses.
Three years later, in 1989 delegates from 15 countries signed a Slow Food Manifesto, which states:
Born and nurtured under the sign of Industrialization, this century first invented the machine and then modeled its lifestyle after it. Speed became our shackles. We fell prey to the same virus: ‘the fast life’ that fractures our customs and assails us even in our own homes, forcing us to ingest “fast-food.” Homo sapiens must regain wisdom and liberate itself from the ‘velocity’ that is propelling it on the road to extinction. Let us defend ourselves against the universal madness of ‘the fast life’ with tranquil material pleasure.
Against those – or, rather, the vast majority – who confuse efficiency with frenzy, we propose the vaccine of an adequate portion of sensual gourmandize pleasures, to be taken with slow and prolonged enjoyment. Appropriately, we will start in the kitchen, with Slow Food. To escape the tediousness of “fast-food,” let us rediscover the rich varieties and aromas of local cuisines. In the name of productivity, the ‘fast life’ has changed our lifestyle and now threatens our environment and our land (and city) scapes.
Slow Food is the alternative, the avant-garde’s riposte. Real culture is here to be found. First of all, we can begin by cultivating taste, rather than impoverishing it, by stimulating progress, by encouraging international exchange programs, by endorsing worthwhile projects, by advocating historical food culture and by defending old-fashioned food traditions. Slow Food assures us of a better quality lifestyle. With a snail purposely chosen as its patron and symbol, it is an idea and a way of life that needs much sure but steady support.
Today Slow Food International has 35,000 active participants in Italy, more than 100,000 globally, and 450 chapters in 150 countries, all organized around slow food principles. In 2004 Petrini founded the University of Gastronomic Sciences, with several campuses across Italy.
But the influence of ‘slow food’ reaches far beyond the organized movement. The values and practices it advocates reach into kitchens of restaurants and homes around the world. Essentially, the movement opposes agricultural globalization, industrial production, and fast food; while supporting local foods and traditional food production and gastronomy, which is how you select, prepare, and eat what you eat.
Wikipedia has conveniently listed a more detailed slow food agenda, including:
- developing an “Ark of Taste” for each ecoregion, where local culinary traditions and foods are celebrated,
- forming and sustaining seed banks to preserve heirloom varieties in cooperation with local food systems,
- preserving and promoting local and traditional food products, along with their lore and preparation,
- organizing small-scale processing (including facilities for slaughtering and short run products),
- organizing celebrations of local cuisine within regions,
- promoting “taste education,”
- educating consumers about the risks of fast food,
- educating citizens about the drawbacks of commercial agribusiness and factory farms,
- educating citizens about the risks of monoculture and reliance on too few genomes or varieties,
- developing various political programs to preserve family farms,
- lobbying for the inclusion of organic farming concerns within agricultural policy, and
- lobbying against government funding of genetic engineering.
Acknowledging Indigenous Origins
From an interfaith perspective, and taking nothing away from the remarkable achievements of Carlo Petrini and his Italian colleagues, the ancient origins of slow food clearly come from Indigenous cultures everywhere. The same communities which recently cried “water is life” at Standing Rock have always treated food ‘slowly.’
No wonder, then, that a major division of Slow Food International is the Indigenous Terra Madre network, covering 370 communities in 60 countries. Their website makes the case:
Slow Food believes that it is senseless to defend biodiversity without also defending the cultural diversity of Indigenous Peoples. The right of peoples to have control over their land, to grow food, to hunt, fish and gather according to their own needs and decisions, is fundamental to protect their livelihoods and defend the biodiversity of indigenous breeds and varieties.
As the original inhabitants of a land, they possess unique cultures, languages and customs, but throughout history this has been eroded through the confiscation of their lands, the displacement of communities, cultural suppression and even genocide. Today this continues through land grabbing. The survival of indigenous peoples is proof of the resilience of these traditional societies, held together by their identity – their culture, language, and traditions linked to a geographical area and the historical links with the environment that they have inhabited and depended on.
Phrang Roy, coordinator of the Indigenous Partnership for Agrobiodiversity and Food Sovereignty, and Slow Food International Councilor for Indigenous Peoples, puts it concisely: “If you look at a map of global agrobiodiversity hotspots, you soon realize that they are identical with indigenous people’s habitats.”
What may distinguish indigenous slow food with the contemporary movement is that the ancient ways always emerge from a deeply spiritual context, something not always acknowledged in our secular times. To be fair, Slow Food International has spoken out about vegetarianism and spirituality, but spirituality, much less religion, is not a major theme in the movement. Spirituality and food for Indigenous peoples, on the other hand, are inextricably related, adding a whole new layer of richness and complexity in understanding the food we eat.
The first international gathering of Indigenous leaders to talk about slow food took place in 2011 in Denmark. The following year, Slow Food president Carlo Petrini spoke at the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues in New York, the first guest speaker to be invited in its ten-year history.
Then in 2015 a second Indigenous Terra Madre gathered in Shillong, Meghalaya, in northeast India. As Slow Food International reported, “It involved over 600 representatives from 140 international Indigenous communities and over 60 countries. Three days of conferences addressed the rights of Indigenous Peoples to have control over their land to grow food, hunt, fish and gather according to their own needs, to protect their livelihoods and to defend the biodiversity of indigenous breeds and crop varieties.”
The two videos embedded above say more than any analysis or argument. They were both filmed at Shillong and give a sense of what slow food means and why it is important. The first video, narrated by a child, makes the point poetically, powerfully. The second tells more of the Terra Madre story and explores why people attended. Both are beautiful and worth seeing.


Answers to the Exercises for The Lazy Family
A. How much did you understand?
- The farmer was very lazy, so his sons did all the work on the farm.
False. The sons were lazy too.
- The farmer's wife said to the neighbours, "Yesterday, the birds came and ate all my sorghum."
False. The farmer said those words.
- The farmer said to his brothers, "Wild animals came to my field and ate all my inset."
- The farmer's wife was angry when her husband brought the inset home.
- God sent a miracle, and put inset in the field.
False. The farmer's wife put the inset in the field.
- The next day, the farmer buried more inset.
False. The farmer's wife buried the inset.
- After several days, the farmer and his sons had dug the whole field.
- The farmer and his sons learned to like digging.
- The farmer's wife planted seeds, and her sons learned to pull out the weeds.
False. The farmer and his sons planted the seeds.
- The farmer's sons felt proud of their good work.
B. Make complete sentences
Match the beginnings of these sentences from the story with endings from the list below.
- 1/f Yesterday, the birds came and ate all my sorghum.
- 2/d Wild animals came to my field and ate all my inset.
- 3/b She dug the inset out of the hole, and showed it to them.
- 4/c She took some of the inset, and wrapped it in leaves.
- 5/e The next day, the woman dug another hole in the field, and buried more inset.
- 6/g They dug, and dug. After a long time, they found the inset.
- 7/a The next day, she buried more inset, and her husband and sons dug half the field.


In 2019 the global essential oil market was estimated at around USD $7 billion. Research suggests this number will double by 2026, forecasting a market share of around USD $14.1 billion. This astronomical increase is due to increasing customer demand, as consumers begin to move towards natural products and cosmetics. Also, it is expected that pharmaceutical companies will contribute to this rise in demand, as research continues to highlight the beneficial role of essential oils in terms of health and wellness.
Essential oils are volatile oils that come from the plant they have been extracted from. They carry the main characteristics—or essence—of the plant, including its core constituents, fragrance, and flavors. The question of sustainability arises due to the sheer amount of plant material required to create essential oils. For example, to make 1lb of lavender oil, it takes around 500lbs of lavender flowers—which translates to a yield of .2%!
So, are essential oils sustainable?
The honest answer is both yes and no.
While there is no doubt the creation of essential oils is a very resource-intensive process, correct use of the oils means a small amount can go a long way. Furthermore, essential oils are a safe alternative to many harmful chemicals and toxins that are currently being leached into the environment. Let’s take a closer look at the sustainability issues that arise when we consider essential oils:
One of the largest hurdles when it comes to sustainability is overharvesting. As the name indicates, this is when a plant is harvested to a level that threatens its existence. There are websites such as United Plant Savers, and the IUCN Red List which consumers can use to ensure they are not purchasing oil from a plant that is endangered. At VINEVIDA we pay close attention to where and which species are endangered, to ensure we are not contributing to the depletion of resources.
There are two different options when it comes to harvesting essential oils: farming and wild harvest. If wild harvesting, the San Juan National Forest Service guidelines suggest no more than 5% of the local plant population. With such high demand for essential oils, many companies have turned to farm cultivation. While this can help prevent overharvesting, these farms are often monoculture crops which bring with them their own problems. Here at VINEVIDA we do our best to source wild harvested plants whenever possible. If we do purchase from farm cultivated sources it is part of our due diligence to ensure that best practices are being used to ensure sustainability.
Monoculture crops refer to crops where only one type of plant is grown. While there are some benefits to monoculture farming—such as increases in production and revenue, and more opportunity to advance technology—there are also drawbacks. Monoculture crops tend to be more susceptible to pests, which means more pesticides are used to combat them. In addition, only growing one type of plant upsets the natural balance of the soil. Having too many of the same species in a designated area will cause the level of nutrients in the soil to drop, killing off important bacteria and microorganisms.
Another issue is erosion. When there are more than one plant species it means there are multiple different kinds of roots at work to help prevent soil from erosion. With only one type of root it often isn’t enough, which leads to compromised soil. This brings us to the next issue in terms of sustainability: soil health.
One of the most important elements in sustainable growing is the health of the soil. Soil offers up nutrients, water, and minerals, along with hosting billions of insects, microorganisms, and bacteria. The health of soil directly impacts the health of the plant being grown, yet soil is degrading year-after-year due to poor farming practices and erosion. Excessive tilling, overwatering, and the use of too many pesticides and chemicals all contribute to the decline of healthy soil. Soil is not considered a renewable resource, as it takes more than a human lifetime to recover what has been lost. To put it into context, the amount of soil that can be lost in a year due to erosion could take hundreds—or even thousands—of years to recover.
Evidence shows that working towards managing soil sustainably can help improve local economies by increasing productivity, income and job security.
At VINEVIDA, we make it our goal to source plants from the countries they grow naturally in. When a species is native to a certain environment it requires much less human intervention in terms of growing. The plant is generally accustomed to the climate patterns of its origins, such as rainfall, soil, and temperature. Plants that are grown outside of their native homes tend to require things such as artificial climate control, additional irrigation and water, and chemical additives.
Another issue of dispute in the agriculture industry is the treatment of workers. Agriculture is the second-largest source of income in the world, yet also one of the most exploited. In many third-world countries farm workers live in poverty, and businesses often employ child workers.
At VINEVIDA we do our best to source plants from where they grow in abundance naturally. This means we work directly with growers from all different areas of the world. In some lower-socioeconomic countries, farmers must compete with middle-men who act as brokers, driving down prices. For example, in India, growers couldn’t sell outside their local territory, so these middle-men would come in to purchase their crops, offering unsustainable prices. The farmers would have no choice but to comply, otherwise their plants would go unsold and eventually die off and become worthless. India recently changed this law, essentially enabling growers to cut-out these middle-men and sell their plants to whoever was offering a fair price. As an American company, VINEVIDA always deals directly with local farms, which is beneficial to both us and the growers.
To help support worker’s rights it is important for companies to dig further into how their farmers are being supported. Education is particularly important, as many growers don’t know their own rights. Fair Trade USA is an organization that certifies companies who provide safe and fair working conditions, alongside sustainable livelihoods for farmers around the world. When a company is Fair Trade certified, a certain percentage of their profits go back to the producers, farmers and workers. VINEVIDA is currently looking into the process of Fair Trade certification for certain products, in the hopes of further supporting some of our farmers and growers.
In regards to our manufacturing plants, VINEVIDA works directly with dedicated processors. Employee satisfaction is a top priority, and we believe in a hands-on approach.
Multi-level Marketing (MLM)
VINEVIDA has never, and will never, use MLM. This is for multiple reasons; one in particular being the effect MLM has on sustainability. The entire purpose of MLM is to move product. When it comes to essential oils, this isn’t necessarily a good thing. At VINEVIDA we pride ourselves in offering quality over quantity. We don’t offer ill-advised suggestions such as ingesting oils or using more than what is required in an effort to create further sales. We believe when you are using a premium product, less is more. When it comes to making essential oils sustainable, the best contribution we can make is to properly educate our consumers. Essential oils are extremely concentrated products, therefore using them correctly is the way to ensure our environment isn’t overharvested or exploited.
Recycling and Waste Management
At VINEVIDA, we are always looking into new ways to minimize our environmental footprint. Currently, we are moving towards the implementation of a program which will allow consumers to return essential oil bottles to be reused. Many essential oils are flammable, and there are certain areas and states that don’t allow them to be recycled.
We are also looking at other ways to improve waste management, including our shipping practices. We are taking into consideration the type of packaging we use, and looking for more sustainable options. Furthermore, many of our staff members are able to work from home, which cuts back on both travel and electricity.
The Lacey Act of 1900
The Lacey Act is put into place to ensure that the illegal trade of plants, fish or wildlife does not take place. For example, sandalwood and certain types of cedarwood are both on the list of products that are strictly regulated and require an import declaration.
When it comes to essential oils it is important for a company to be fully transparent about their compliance with the Lacey Act. They should work closely with suppliers in order to ensure they know where the plants are being sourced and supplied from and if it is in an ethical way.
If possible, it is best for a company to come up with a certification system, so they can reward suppliers who show initiative in transparency, and carefully audit this system to ensure compliance continues.
In Somaliland, harvesting frankincense is the second-largest way to make a living. The trees grow naturally there, and one species is endemic (or native) to the region, and can’t be found elsewhere. Frankincense is a common additive in perfumes and incenses and is in high demand around the world. This is leading to a dwindling supply, as trees are being harvested faster than they can be grown. As with any item of limited quality in high demand, prices are rising, and in turn, poachers are taking more risk to illegally export frankincense. Here at VINEVIDA, we do not purchase frankincense from Somaliland. At this point, there is not enough awareness or cooperation in the communities to allow the market to be sustainable.
With the demand for essential oils on the rise, it is important for companies to teach consumers how to purchase and use them responsibly. Companies must take steps to ensure they are ethically sourcing their plants and following guidelines set out in Fair Trade agreements in regards to workers.
Here at VINEVIDA, we put a focus on sustainability, which means we believe in educating our customers on how to properly use oils in a way that will both provide benefits and prolong usage. We believe in quality over quantity, and it shows in our products. If you have any further questions, comments, or suggestions, please don’t hesitate to contact us.


Green transition: Climate change is coming for your coffee
Photo: Niels Van Iperen
The aim of this new research initiative is to assess how climate change and the current experimentation of adaptation and mitigation innovations will affect Ethiopia and Tanzania’s coffee value chains and reshape them into the future.
“Coffee companies and growers are astutely aware of the need to plan and adapt to climate change. Climate-smart coffee is an approach to reshaping the agricultural practices of the coffee sector based on the realities of climate change,” says Kristjan Jespersen, Project Leader and Associate Professor at the Department of Management, Society and Communication at CBS.
With 25 million small producers relying on coffee for a living and plantations sensitive to temperature changes and extreme weather conditions, there is a real threat the potential reduction of yields, land use shrinkage and more frequent and widespread pest and disease outbreaks will affect their livelihoods.
Even though farmers, government agencies, coffee roasters and traders, and development-focused NGOs along the coffee value-chain are experimenting with adaptation and mitigation innovations, including new cultivars, climate-smart farming techniques and new land-use strategies, the research project wants to address the real risk that this could produce paradoxical results.
“Today regardless of their cultivar, impoverished coffee growers have a limited capacity to adapt to climate-related challenges so these impacts could further entrench them in poverty cycles. While downstream in the value chain, coffee buyers are worrying declining production volumes in high-value Arabica cultivation areas will threaten their present investments,” adds Kristjan Jespersen.
While Ethiopia’s coffee infrastructure is more sophisticated than Tanzania’s, the comparison and collaboration between the two exhibit empirically important contrasts. Currently, Ethiopian coffee commands high export market prices, while Tanzanian less so.
Today Ethiopia produces only Arabica, while Tanzania produces both Arabica and Robusta, positioning them differently in global value chains. While most global production is Arabica, which commands higher prices, the demand for Robusta is growing more quickly and is less susceptible to climate change.
These differences may result in divergent adaptation trajectories for both countries. Possible future options for Ethiopian smallholders could be climate-smart agriculture with climate-robust Arabica varietals, while land abandonment, crop switching, or a shift to Robusta may be more likely in Tanzania, particularly if demand continues to grow in Asian markets.
To date, little empirical work has been done that would help stakeholders anticipate and address such paradoxical outcomes. “On the one hand, climate-smart agriculture could facilitate upgrading – helping some coffee farmers differentiate themselves and increase added value or better market access. On the other, adaptation and mitigation programmes could make smallholders even more dependent on lead firms for inputs, expertise and market connections,” adds Jespersen.
This research project is of strategic importance for Danish development cooperation. Under its strategic objective of ‘Inclusive, Sustainable Growth and Development’, Denmark is committed to supporting smart, sustainable, and equitable agricultural development, which requires supportive value chain structures.
The study will make use of both empirical and theoretical advances and analyse sectoral changes and model possible future scenarios informed by archival, ethnographic, focus group, interview, survey, and geospatial data. With expertise in both country’s coffee value chains, data collection will take place in local villages as well as interviewing actors involved in Ethiopian and Tanzanian coffee value chains but operating outside these two countries.
To maximise the benefits there will be capacity building including training in necessary computer software for project partners and the integration of project participants into relevant international networks such as The Sustainable Trade Initiative and the African Union. Additionally, all three university partners will undertake to publish research in peer reviewed journals and present their findings at conferences.
The aim is to spread this new knowledge to both academic and non-academic communities, while at the same time influence practitioners and policy makers to take identified factors into account to address the risks to producers appropriately while helping to create new opportunities.
“In a small way, we hope to enhance transparency of the coffee market in Ethiopia and Tanzania and inform economic decisions with accurate and timely data. If successful, we hope that our findings can further support the important work aimed at improving the productivity and resilience of this important and much-loved crop,” concludes Associate Professor Jespersen.


Kensington Pride is the most popular mango variety grown in Australia. It is grown throughout Australia's subtropical and tropical regions. It is a smallish oval mango with an exceptionally fine, sweet flavour. The skin is pale green which develops to an attractive pale yellow with maturity, often with a red blush. The flesh is a golden yellow colour, quite dense and is largely fibreless. The fruit is classed as medium-large.
‘Bowen’, ‘Bowen Special’ and ‘Kensington Pride’ are all names for the same variety of mango!
The Kensington Pride variety was first discovered in Bowen, a town in Northern Queensland. In the late 1800s, Bowen was known for its lively horse trade. Traders from the British Army in India were known to arrive in Bowen with mangoes and spices. They would give these as gifts to prominent locals. It’s believed that the Kensington Pride variety developed from one such gift, given to Bowen Harbour and Customs Officer, GF Sandrock. The Kensington Pride variety proved to be very popular at the Sydney Markets, and production quickly ramped up in the Bowen area. Consumers increasingly associated Kensington Prides with Bowen, and over time the fruit also became known by the names ‘Bowen Mango’ and ‘Bowen Special.’


Albet i Noya Abet i Noya was founded by Joan Albet in Can Vendrell in 1903 following the Phylloxera plague that devasted Europe to oversee the replanting of the vineyards in the Ordal mountain range of Penedes in northeastern Spain. In 1972, Josep Maria, 4th generation of the Albet family, began to introduce organic farming methods after officially acquiring the property his ancestors so lovingly cared for over the years. The winery released their first […]
Category: Organic Wineries
The World Of Organic Wineries
Discovery the Flavors of Albarino to Zinfandel
It is our Great Pleasure to Introduce you to the Organic Wineries of the World.
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Chile, France, Germany, Italy, New Zealand. Portugal, South Africa, Spain and the United States of America. We will add new countries as our research continues.
Organic Red Wines
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Zinfandel, Syrah/Shiraz, Tempranillo, Grenache, Sangiovese, Nebbiolo, Nero d’ Avola and many more.
Organic White Wines
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Moscato, Chenin Blanc, Pinot Grigio, Gewurztraminer, Viogier, Pinot Gris, Semillon and so many more,
From those Bright Salmon colors from Provence to the darker roses from Spain and Italy. Even a Rose from Pinot Noir never fails to impress.
Organic Desert Wines
The Grand Daddy of all wines and while consider sweet, which is naturally produced many have the elegance and ability to age for decades.
Organic Sparkling Wines
Prosecco from Italy, the Cremants from the Alsace and loire Valley to its ancestorial home in Champagne
Welcome to Domaine Bousquet Domaine Bousquet founded by the Bousquet Family, who hail from the Southern French City of Carcassonne, have a long history and prestigious wine making tradition. In the constant struggle to produce wines of a superior quality, the Bousquet Family was determined to fine the best place to continue their decades long tradition. In 1990, the Bousquet Family arrived in Mendoza to investigate the vineyards and wineries. By discovering the […]
Ardinat Faust Champagne The Faust twenty acres of vineyards. certified organic since 1971, are located in Vandières, on the Marne River in the Champagne district of France. The soil is mostly clay with varying levels of chalk, rich in magnesium and with a southerly orientation. The vineyard has been planted with 3 different grape varieties: Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. At the moment, the average age of the vines is 22 years. Winemaking has […]
Château La Canorgue Chateau La Canorgue estate is located in the heart of the Lubéron Mountains between Avignon and Aix-en-Provence. The chateau is built on ruins of a Roman villa in the village of Bonnieux, in the center of the southern French region known as the Lubéron, on the northern edge of Provence. The beautiful old chapel on the label is part of the property, which was all part of a fiefdom granted by Pope […]
Domaine Pierre André Domaine Pierre André is now run by his daughter, Jacqueline, continue a family tradition of producing powerful red wines from their 37 acres of vines in Courthézon, between Orange and Avignon in southern France. Organic agriculture is another tradition in this family; begun in 1963 and converted fully in 1980. The vineyard is certified by Terre et Vie. Since 1992, they have also practiced Biodynamic agriculture and are certified by Demeter. The […]
Mas Laval Joël and Christine Laval, Joël’s brother, Philippe, and their father, operate this 30 hectare (about 80 acres) estate in the heart of Aniane in the south of France. Philippe works with the vines, Joël is a bank director but also works nights and weekends on the estate, and their father, retired for many years, continues to handle pruning and other vineyard work.The small town lies 25 kilometers inland from Montpellier on the Mediterranean […]
Domaine Virgile Joly Virgile Joly grew up in the Rhone Valley in Avignon, grandson of wine-growers who were part of the cooperative in norhern Ventoux. He spent ten years working as an oenologist in France and Chile, and then in 2000, at the age of 28, leased a hectare (2.5 acres) of vines and began making his own wine, fulfilling a life-long dream. That first year he hand-bottled 3,564 bottles of Grenache-dominated wine. With […]
Château Petit Roubié Floriane and Olivier AZAN purchased the Château Petit Roubié in 1981 and converted to organic farming in 1995. In 2012 the are the only certified organic estate in the appellation! They have 147 acres of vines and produce a range of AOC and Vins de Pays white wines and Vin de Pays red and rosé wines but the Picpoul de Pinet is the most important production. It is known and loved […]
Domaine Eugène Meyer Alsace is one of the hotbeds for French Organic Wineries and it is our great pleasure to introduce you to Domaine Eugene Meyers. The Meyer family has been making wine since 1620 in Bergholtz in southern Alsace on approximately 22 acres of land bought by the family after the French Revolution. With a 350 year-old tradition of making wine, in 1969 Eugene Meyer changed business as usual and began farming the vines […]
Château La Nerthe is one of Châteauneuf’s oldest estates and a benchmark producer of the region. Located in the heart of the AOC, the 225 acres of Château La Nerthe’s vineyards are locates in a single block around the chateau and have been certified organic since 1998. The classic chateauneuf terroir of the famous galettes (large, round stones) dominate the on average 40 year old vineyards. Chateau La Nerthe Nerthe’s existence as early as […]


New York City, NY: November 13, 2019 – Published via (WiredRelease) – The “Global Greenhouse Irrigation Market” report comprises a valuable bunch of information that enlightens the most imperative sectors of the market. The data available in the report delivers comprehensive information about the market, which is understandable not only for an expert but also for a layman. This report provides information regarding all the aspects associated with the market, which includes reviews of the final product, and the key factors influencing or hampering the market growth. Moreover, the global Greenhouse Irrigation market report, especially highlight the key market players Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd, Netafim Ltd, Lindsay Corporation, Eurodrip SA, T-L Irrigation Company, The Toro Company, Nelson Irrigation Corporation, Rain Bird Corporation, Rivulis Irrigation, Senninger Irrigation (Hunter Industries Inc) that are competing with each other to acquire the majority of share in the market, financial circumstances, actual certainties, and geographical analysis.
Scope of The Report:
Global Greenhouse Irrigation Market Research for a Leading company is an intelligent process of accumulating and investigating the numerical data related to services and products. This research report gives the idea to aim at your targeted customer’s understanding, needs and demands. The Greenhouse Irrigation market research gathers data about the customers, marketing strategy, competitors.
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Regions are covered in this report: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America & Middle East, and Africa.
Following questions covered in this report:
1. Which geographical region would have more demand for Greenhouse Irrigation Market product/services?
2. What is the ongoing & estimated Greenhouse Irrigation Market size in the upcoming years?
3. What is the Greenhouse Irrigation Market possibility for long-term investment?
4. What is the risk and challenges involved for Greenhouse Irrigation Market suppliers?
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Strategic Points Covered in TOC:
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Chapter 2: Evaluating the leading manufacturers of the global Greenhouse Irrigation Market which consists of its revenue, sales, and price of the products.
Chapter 3: Displaying the competitive nature among key manufacturers, with market share, revenue, and sales.
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Chapter 5: To evaluate the market by segments, by countries and by manufacturers with revenue share and sales by key countries in these various regions.
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Two things that make me feel optimistic. The first is the dawning of a brand new day, and actually seeing the sun in January makes such a nice change to waking to rain.
The second is seeing seeds germinate. It is slightly early for that yet, but certainly in the next couple of weeks it will be time to get back into the greenhouse. The germination of a seed into a tiny, green, growing organism, that you can subsequently have for your lunch, is one of natures amazing miracles.
Check out more optimistic photos at this week’s photo challenge


Along with cloves, cinnamon and nutmeg, pepper was one of the most sought after spices of the Age of Discovery. The use of dried pepper goes back 500 years in the East where it was not only a commodity but a form of currency. In fact, black pepper is the world’s most widely traded spice. In ancient times, the Chinese used it to treat malaria, cholera, diarrhea and stomach complaints. In Greece, it was used for fever as well as stomach disorders. Other little known physical treatments include arthritis, asthma, bronchitis, circulation disorders, cold, flu, emphysema, headaches, muscle aches, migraines, sinus congestion and varicose veins. The use of pepper can clear confusion, calm the nervous system, lessen anxiety and depression, strengthen focus and relieve stress. All this and it makes your food taste good!
Black Pepper or “piper nigrum” is cultivated for its fruit which is usually dried as a spice for seasoning. Each fruit grows in a cluster on a stem and is a single seed. Pepper is a product of its environment: namely, soil, sunshine, humidity, rainfall. It grows well in tropical climates where it has a moist rich soil and is partially shaded by larger trees. The pepper we sell is from Madagascar, an island off the eastern coast of Africa. It is indigenous to the region and grows in the Antananarivo region of the Ankaratra Mountains. The region is shrouded in clouds during the early morning. The clouds are burned off by intense sunshine throughout the day and a 20 minute tropical rainfall is the normal in the late afternoon. The berries grow in clusters on a flowering vine which can either trail on the ground or climb trees. The clusters are cut before the berries turn ripe or red and are brought into a warehouse where women sit at table in front of a screen and, believe it or not, each berry is hand-picked off the cluster. They are then shaken free of dirt, hauled outside and sun-dried for several days during which the skin around the seed dries and shrinks and darkens into a thin wrinkled black layer. The peppercorns can last for years in this state, only releasing their flavor and aroma when cracked by hand or ground in a pepper mill.
White pepper consists of the inside seed of the fruit. The darker colored skin is removed by a process known as retting. Fully ripe peppercorns are soaked for about a week until the flesh softens and decomposes. Rubbing them removes the residue and the naked white seed is dried. Black pepper is considered spicier than white pepper because the active ingredient “peperine” resides in the skin and this is what contributes the spice.
Green Pepper, like the black is made from the unripe berries. Treated with sulfur dioxide they retain their green color and are then preserved in brine or vinegar. Their flavor is fresh and piquant and spicy. These are particularly good in a creamy sauce flavored with cognac for pepper steak.
Pink peppercorns are the fruit of a plant from a different family, originally thought to be poisonous. This has been proven to be no longer true, however.
Black pepper along with other spices from the East changed the course of world history. It was the rare luxury of these spices that led to efforts to find a sea route to the Spice Islands which ultimately provided world-wide dominance for Spain and Portugal during the Age of Discovery.
The pepper from Madagascar is known to be the finest, most aromatic pepper in the world. Since Madagascar was a French colony, until it gained independence in the 1960’s, most of the harvest is imported to France because it is the preferred pepper of French chefs. From there it reaches a few other European countries. Before Old Stone Market began importing it in 2000, it was not available in North America. We receive a yearly shipment of 2000 pounds, which we sell and distribute throughout the United States.
Along with salt, pepper is the most widely used condiment in today’s cuisine.
Madagascar peppercorns are truly an extraordinary product and can be purchased from oldstonemarket.com


Don't let its size fool you. Our Commercial 30 mower is deceptively light and easy to maneuver. In fact, it feels and handles much like its Commercial 21 counterparts.The major difference: its 30-inch cut delivers up to a 40% increase in cutting efficiency compared to a standard 21-inch mower-without wearing out the machine or its operator. Equipped with Kohler® CV200 Command Pro engine and heavy-duty transmission for increased performance and durability. Increase productivity with ground speeds up to 3.8 mph and a large-capacity 2.5 bushel bagger.
The aerodynamically designed deck, baffles and blades create airflow patterns that circulate leaves and grass for repeated cuttings and dispersal deep into the turf. The bolt-in mulching baffles in addition to the mulch plug, redirect the clippings within the cutting chambers so that it results in improved mulching efficiency and much more even distribution of mulched clippings or leaves across the width of cut. The mulch kit can be used with the bagger and results in a portion of the clippings being mulched and a portion being bagged resulting in a significant reduction in the amount of bagged clippings (fill reduction).


In everyday usage, a vegetable is any part of a plant that is consumed by humans as food as part of a savory meal. The term “vegetable” is somewhat arbitrary, and largely defined through culinary and cultural tradition. It normally excludes other food derived from plants such as fruits, nuts and cereal grains, but includes seeds such as pulses. The original meaning of the word vegetable, still used in biology, was to describe all types of plant, as in the terms “vegetable kingdom” and “vegetable matter”.
Originally, vegetables were collected from the wild by hunter-gatherers and entered cultivation in several parts of the world, probably during the period 10,000 BC to 7,000 BC, when a new agricultural way of life developed. At first, plants which grew locally would have been cultivated, but as time went on, trade brought exotic crops from elsewhere to add to domestic types. Nowadays, most vegetables are grown all over the world as climate permits, and crops may be cultivated in protected environments in less suitable locations. China is the largest producer of vegetables, and global trade in agricultural products allows consumers to purchase vegetables grown in faraway countries.
The scale of production varies from subsistence farmers supplying the needs of their family for food, to agribusinesses with vast acreages of single-product crops. Depending on the type of vegetable concerned, harvesting the crop is followed by grading, storing, processing and marketing.
Vegetables can be eaten either raw or cooked and play an important role in human nutrition, being mostly low in fat and carbohydrates, but high in vitamins, minerals and fiber. Many governments encourage their citizens to consume plenty of fruit and vegetables, five or more portions a day often being recommended.
The word vegetable was first recorded in English in the early 15th century. It comes from Old French, and was originally applied to all plants; the word is still used in this sense in biological contexts. It derives from Medieval Latin vegetabilis “growing, flourishing” (i.e. of a plant), a semantic change from a Late Latin meaning “to be enlivening, quickening”.
The meaning of “vegetable” as a “plant grown for food” was not established until the 18th century. In 1767, the word was specifically used to mean a “plant cultivated for food, an edible herb or root”. The year 1955 noted the first use of the shortened, slang term “veggie”.
As an adjective, the word vegetable is used in scientific and technical contexts with a different and much broader meaning, namely of “related to plants” in general, edible or not — as in vegetable matter, vegetable kingdom, vegetable origin, etc.


The Yakima Valley’s 2016 wine grape harvest has offically begun! Wineries and vineyards throughout the Valley have started hauling in their bountiful harvests, getting ready to produce the wonderful wines that have made the Yakima Valley world-renown. But the best part is the grape stomping, wine tasting fun that goes along with harvest! Since the Yakima Valley supplies over one-third of Washington’s wine grapes, harvest is an amazing time of year for every wine maker, sommelier or wine enthusiast to visit the Yakima Valley!
Here are a few of the upcoming harvest and crush celebrations:
September 3, 2016 - 2016 Harvest Party at Silver Lake Winery - Enjoy a tropical retreat in their vineyard! Celebrate the kick off to harvest season with this fun-filled event. Live music, grape stomping, local vendors, a tropical lunch and delicious ice-cold Vino-ritas! Don’t forget to take home a souvenir glass!
September 17, 2016 - The Grandview Stomp and Chomp - This annual event takes place at the Grandview Fair Grounds, and features the annual grape stomp, BBQ cook-off, motorcycle poker run, and beer and wine tasting!
September 17, 2016 - Rattlesnake Hills Hounds and Harvest - Even pets get to celebrate harvest at Hounds and Harvest! Help Rattlesnake Hills raise money for a great cause! Bring your furry friend and get ready for a day full of fun dog games, food, and lots of wine! Numerous Zillah wineries will be participating in this great event, so be sure to check out the Rattlesnakehills.org page for more info!
October 1 & 2, 8 & 9, 2016 - Maryhill Winery Harvest Celebration Weekend! - Join us for wine tasting, live music, Bocce, grape stomping, barrel tasting and food available for purchase. And there’s a free hot dog and marshmallow roast! Make sure to create a commemorative grape, tie-dyed Harvest Celebration t-shirt. And save BIG with up to 50% off on case specials!
October 8 & 9, 2016 – Yakima Valley’s “Catch the Crush” weekend! - Join the Yakima Valley wineries to celebrate harvest at the Annual Catch the Crush event. Each participating winery, from Yakima to Red Mountain offers its own celebratory events, including grape stomps, harvest and crush activities, tours, free-run juice, hors d’oeuvres, live music, and of course, lots of wine tasting!
October 8, 2016 - Grape Stomp at Airfield Estates Winery - Celebrate the harvest season with Airfield Estates’ 10th Annual Grape Stomp! If you have never experienced wine grapes between your toes, it is truly a one of a kind experience! Simply roll up your jeans, hop in a harvest bin, and start stomping! Lend them a foot to help them create their 2016 Rosé!
Have a grape stomping, wine tasting good time in the Yakima Valley this harvest!


Chloroplast absorption spectra using the cleapss (open- to help students understand how the different pigments present in place a leaf from the plant. The sum of the absorption spectra of the chlorophylls and the carotenoids, evident in the absorption spectrum of a green leaf, is equivalent to the action spectrum. Photosynthesis depends upon the absorption of light by pigments in the leaves of the plot of the absorption spectra of the chlorophylls plus beta carotene. Pigments are molecules that absorb specific wavelengths (energies) of light and have enough or has too much energy can not be absorbed and is reflected.
Pigment absorption is the dominant process in visible ex: red and nir bands for leaf pigments leaf spectrum: determined by absorbing molecules and. Imagine a leaf as a solar collector crammed full of photosynthetic cells where the raw in the electromagnetic spectrum, visible light is only a small part the color of the pigment comes from the wavelengths of light reflected (not absorbed. View notes - photosynthesis lab report from bio 123 at middlesex county college the absorbance spectrum of photosynthetic pigments extracted from. The light is absorbed with the aid of the pigment chlorophyll in fact, the absorption spectrum leads to the conclusion that photosynthesis is primarily a crucial role in the development of chloroplasts4 chloroplasts are the portions of the leaf.
Method for obtaining absorption spectra ut liquid air temperatures the pigments studied were a-carotene, p-carotene, carrot “carotene, ” “leaf xanthophyll,”. Determination of the absorption spectrum of a pigment extract you should know that ordinary white light is a mixture of a variety of different wavelengths from. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, in the chloroplasts of a leaf, are responsible for absorbing wavelengths of light for use in photosynthesis with red and blue wavelengths being optimal green plants use pigments called chlorophyll color green similarly, blue absorbs green and red (560-700 nm) parts of the spectrum and.
This article discusses the differences between absorption spectrum & action target a sole pigment and neglect other pigments responsible for plant growth and recent work has shown that green light is able to penetrate deeper into leaf. The pigments are carotene, xanthophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in a spinach leaf you will first need to extract a small amount of the pigments using a . Spectral curve of leaf pigments materials: you will record the absorbance values of the colored extract at a number of different thus a green leaf spectrum will look like a colored leaf spectrum with additional absorbance for chlorophyll. In addition to pigments, plants have a number of other light receptor molecules known as exist in plants and each has a unique absorption spectrum photosynthetic rate, leaf area and number, and total plant biomass (dry. Called this red-absorbing pigment protochlorophyu, the name by which it is obtained cannot be quantitatively related to the absorption spectrum of proto- plants the average primary leaf length for that particular age was determined for.
Revise higher biology by exploring how farmers can address the increasing demand for food that results from growing human population. Absorbance spectra of maple leaves in a wide range of pigment contents and compositions are shown over 95 per cent ofthe light is absorbed by the leaf. 1 series three photosynthesis lab 8 : photosynthetic pigments 2 introduction these so-called absorption spectra (singular = spectrum) will allow you to identify molecular structures of carotenoids typically found in a leaf. In the 400–800 nm region, leaf photosynthetic pigments are the main due to the overlap of absorption spectra of different pigments which can. Absorption spectrum (what wavelengths are absorbed vs transmitted) can tell us what pigments are present in a leaf and what wavelengths of light will support.
Chlorophyll (also chlorophyl) is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and the chloroplasts of algae and plants its name is derived from the greek words χλωρός, chloros (green) and φύλλον, phyllon (leaf) the absorbed energy of the photon is transferred to an electron in a process called charge. Key words: rice, chlorophyll concentration, leaf absorption spectrum, vegetation index permits the measurements of changes in pigments over time for leaves. October 5, 2012 the absorption spectra of isolated pigments in vitro do not represent what the chloroplasts and a plant leaf where all of the.
The absorption spectrum shows how strongly the pigments absorb at different wavelengths the absorption spectrum and action spectrum show that the. Leaf colors of a plant can be used to identify stress level due to its adaptation to environmental change 1200 dpi, and its chlorophyll content is obtained from absorption spectrum measured chlorophyll is a green photosynthetic pigment. The set of wavelengths absorbed by a pigment is its absorption spectrum in the when a leaf is exposed to full sun, it receives a huge amount of energy if that.


Vitola: 5 1/2x48 Eurus
Wrapper: Connecticut Broadleaf
Binder: Corojo (Jacagua)
Filler: Piloto Cubano (Jacagua), Criollo 98 (Potrero) & Criollo 98 (La Canela)
A true mystery, a rich full-bodied wrapper that begs for age is used on our Signature La Galera Anemoi.
The winds play a very important role when growing tobacco. The winds tell us when the best time to grow and where the best places to grow tobacco. When we looked through history, we found the Greeks understood the importance of wind as well.
The Greeks had wind gods, and they were called Anemoi. Each direction had its own god. Boreas (North), Notos (South), Eurus (East) and Zephyrus (West). Each wind direction will help create a great crop or a bad one. Because of this we thought it was fitting to finally pay our respects.
As you will see below in the Dominican Republic a balance of wind is often best and each wind either will help or hurt the quality of the tobacco.


Right from its inception, Iscon Balaji Foods is on a path to make a positive impact on the society. With its integrated food production venture, the company intends to make the Indian farmer the real hero and stand distinctly.
We at Iscon Balaji Foods are backed with strong values & ethics of JP Iscon and Balaji Wafers. The agricultural economic state in India is always influenced by the climatic conditions; however, in spite of the various odds put forth by the climate, Iscon Balaji Foods has developed a working model that always proves progressive and beneficial for the farmers. Our company ensures that the farmers not only are able to accumulate knowledge, but are able to get adapted to the latest and innovative techniques in the agricultural domain. This endeavor of our company has led to a better yield for farmers and eventually leading to better finished products for our esteemed consumers.
We aim to offer technical and infrastructural support through latest technology for storing, processing and adding value to farm fresh food items to Indian farmers and enable them to produce better crops and realize the appropriate price for the same.
We pledge to render products that will not only suffice taste buds of consumers retaining nutritional value and hygiene, but will also guarantee that the country as a whole will prosper by strengthening its backbone – Farmers.


The grass can be quite expensive to keep in your compound. It is associated with a lot of costs. For instance, you will have to make sure that you have supplied it with the required amount of fertilizers and other chemicals for it to be in the perfect form. There are many other costs that you are likely to meet. Think about that time when your area is hit with drought. Definitely your grass will have to turn brown. This means that you will have to invest in the watering so as you save the grass from drying completely.
There are many other diseases that are likely to attack the grass; you also need to take this into consideration. A lot of chemicals ought to be bought on regular basis so as to control the diseases. Without controlling the infections, it will be cumbersome using the surfaces that is dangerous to both your health and your family at large. With all these problems that are associated with the grass, you need to avoid them and move to modern grass. This is the elegant artificial turf Sydney. The following are some of the benefits of having this turf at your compound;
- Pet friendly
- Maintenance free
Surfaces provided by the natural grass may not be as safe as it is expected. Sometimes the grass could be hiding some insects that are harmful to your health and that one of your family. You therefore need to spray it regularly to control such insects. But to avoid all the costs that are associated with the regular spray, you need to make sure that you have moved to the modern life of using the synthetic turf Sydney. It has the perfect surface that you will be able to enjoy while on it. You will get an amazing times playing with your children and your pets while feeling very comfortable.
To maintain the natural grass can be too economical. It has so many demands that meeting them will cost you a lot of money. Think of regular spray, application of fertilizer and irrigation during the drought. It is all cumbersome doing all of such tasks. However, you can avoid such costs by embracing the modern fake turf Sydney that is maintenance free. You will be able to incur very little costs. In fact you won’t incur any costs besides the one of installation. This is what your family deserves.
Now that the natural grass needs to be sprayed by the chemicals regularly, you can expect the chemicals to affect the environment through pollution. The pollution in return may affect your health and that one of your family at large. Fertilizer application is also some sort of chemical and their effect is commonly known. Why can’t you move to the artificial turf Sydney? It is the perfect surface that you will ever have. You will have fun on its surface without any trouble whatsoever. Contact the experts in Sydney so that you can have a perfect lawn.