USDA Kansas Hay 02/11 09:10
Manhattan, KS Tue February 11, 2020 Kansas Department of Agriculture
Kansas Hay Market Report
Ground/Grinding alfalfa movement: Southwest/South Central
Tonnage: 10,070/4,711 Last week: 9,525/5,617 Last year: 9,014/6,455
Hay market trade remains slow; alfalfa prices remain mostly steady while grass
hay prices weaken. Current trades are mostly on previously contracted hay with
very few new sales reported. However, more hay moving on the roadways can be
seen across the state and out of state. Many conversations have revolved
where this market will be going. Most agree the market should stay steady and
perhaps soften a bit the closer we get to spring; that is assuming that winter
weather does not decide to come in and sit on us for 3-4 weeks. According to
U.S. Drought Monitor, abnormal dryness (D0) decreased slightly to 22 pct,
moderate drought (D1) decreased to 4 pct, and severe drought (D2) remained at 4
pct. If you have any extra hay to sell and/or need hay here in Kansas, use the
services of the Internet Hay Exchange: www.hayexchange.com/ks.php.
Dairy alfalfa, ground/delivered steady, grinding alfalfa 5.00-10.00 lower;
movement slow to moderate. Alfalfa: horse, premium small squares 240.00-250.00.
Dairy 1.00-1.05/point RFV, Supreme 185.00-226.00, Premium 170.00-195.00, Good
160.00-170.00. Stock or Dry Cow 160.00-165.00. Fair/Good grinding alfalfa,
100.00-115.00, Ground and delivered locally to feed lots and dairies, 150.00-
160.00 with an instance at 165.00. Sudan: large rounds 55.00-65.00. Wheat
large rounds 40.00-50.00, large squares 65.00-75.00 delivered. The week of 2/02-
2/08, 10,070T of grinding alfalfa and 2,266T of dairy alfalfa was reported
South Central Kansas
Dairy alfalfa, grinding alfalfa, ground/delivered, alfalfa pellets, steady;
movement slow to moderate. Alfalfa: horse, small squares 255.00-275.00. Dairy,
1.00-1.05/point RFV with an instance at 1.10/point RFV, Supreme 195.00-225.00,
Premium 175.00-200.00, Good 165.00-175.00. Stock cow, 130.00-150.00. Fair/Good
grinding alfalfa, 90.00-105.00. Ground and delivered locally to feedlots 135.00-
145.00; Alfalfa pellets: Sun cured 15 pct protein 200.00-205.00, 17 pct protein
205.00-210.00, Dehydrated 17 pct 300.00-310.00. Grass Hay: Bluestem, good small
squares 7.00-8.00/bale, large rounds 60.00-70.00, large squares 75.00-85.00.
Brome, small squares 7.00-8.00/bale, large rounds 100.00-110.00, lesser quality
70.00-80.00. Sudan: large rounds 60.00-70.00. Oat hay, large rounds, 80.00-
85.00. Teff: mid to large squares 140.00-160.00. Wheat Straw: small squares
5.50-6.50/bale, large squares 70.00-75.00, large rounds 55.00-65.00. The week
2/02-2/08, 4,711T of grinding alfalfa and 718T of dairy alfalfa was reported
Dairy alfalfa, grinding alfalfa, ground/delivered, steady; grass hay 5.00-10.00
lower; movement slow. Alfalfa: horse or goat, 230.00-250.00. Dairy 1.00-
1.05/point RFV. Stock cow 160.00-170.00. Fair/Good grinding alfalfa, 115.00-
125.00. Ground and delivered, none reported; Grass hay: Bluestem, small squares
125.00-140.00, good, mid squares 110.00-125.00, large squares, 95.00-110.00
an instance at 120.00, large rounds 60.00-65.00. Brome, good, small squares
125.00-150.00, mid to large squares 120.00-130.00, large rounds 70.00-80.00.
Wheat Straw: mid and large squares 60.00-75.00, large rounds 55.00-65.00. The
week of 2/02-2/08, 2,144T of grass hay was reported bought/sold.
Dairy alfalfa, grinding alfalfa, ground/delivered steady; movement slow.
Alfalfa: Horse or goat, 205.00-215.00. Dairy, Premium/Supreme 1.00-1.05/point
RFV. Stock cow, fair/good 150.00-160.00. Fair/good grinding alfalfa, 100.00-
110.00. Ground and delivered locally to feedlots and dairies, 125.00-135.00.
North Central-Northeast Kansas
Dairy alfalfa, grinding alfalfa ground/delivered steady; grass hay 5.00-10.00
lower. movement slow. Alfalfa: horse, premium small squares 9.50-10.50/bale.
Dairy 1.00-1.05/point RFV, Supreme 185.00-210.00, Premium 170.00-195.00, Good
160.00-170.00. Stock Cow, 150.00-160.00. Fair/good, grinding alfalfa, 100.00-
115.00. Ground and delivered 130.00-160.00. Grass hay: Bluestem, small squares
7.00-8.00/bale, mid to large squares 85.00-100.00, large rounds 70.00-80.00.
Brome, small squares 7.50-8.50/bale, mid to large squares 115.00-125.00, large
rounds 75.00-90.00; Sudan, large rounds 55.00-65.00. Wheat Straw: small squares
5.00-6.00/bale delivered, large squares 100.00-110.00 delivered, large rounds
60.00-70.00. The week of 2/02-2/08, 828T of grinding alfalfa and 375T of dairy
alfalfa was reported bought/sold.
***Prices are dollars per ton and FOB unless otherwise noted. Dairy alfalfa
prices are for mid and large squares unless otherwise noted. Horse hay is in
small squares unless otherwise noted. Prices are from the most recent sales.
*CWF Certified Weed Free
Alfalfa Quality Guidelines
Quality ADF NDF *RFV/RFQ **TDN-100% **TDN-90% CP
Supreme <27 <34 >185 >62 >55.9 >22
Premium 27-29 34-36 170-185 60.5-62 54.5-55.9 20-22
Good 29-32 36-40 150-170 58-60 52.5-54.5 18-20
Fair 32-35 40-44 130-150 56-58 50.5-52.5 16-18
Utility >35 >44 <130 <56 <50.5 <16
*RFV calculated using the Wis/Minn formula. **TDN calculated using the Western
formula. Quantitative factors are approximate, and many factors can affect
feeding value. Values based on 100% dry matter (TDN showing both 100% & 90%).
Guidelines are to be used with visual appearance and intent of sale (usage).
Source: Source: Kansas Department of Agriculture - Manhattan, Kansas
Kim Nettleton 785-564-6709
Posted to the Internet: www.ams.usda.gov/mnreports/DC_GR310.txt
Get your local Cash Bids emailed to you each morning from DTN – click here
to sign up for DTN Snapshot.


woven fabric company
Non-woven tree planting cloth to play the role of:
woven fabric company1. Special polypropylene material can cause natural root-cutting effect and high transplant efficiency. After the planting, the root system extends outwards. After touching this unique material, it penetrates the surface of the bag and is ring-skinned so that the roots outside the bag do not grow thick and promote the formation of numerous fine roots in the bag. This is the effect of natural root cutting.
woven fabric company2. The plant grows as fast as it grows in the field. It does not form after the other container cultivation methods reach the root system after planting. It does not form packing, and water and nutrients can still be absorbed by the fine roots outside the bag. The upward transport from the xylem at the center of the root is the same as the effect of planting in the field, which is inferior to other containers.
woven fabric company3. Moisture permeates freely without water accumulation. The special materials of the root-control bag can make the water and nutrients penetrate freely, and no water will accumulate in the bag and cause root rot.
woven fabric company 4. The cost of transplantation is low and the transplant season is long. Because it does not require skilled workers to remove the root graft, ordinary workers can transplant and transplants are easy and cost-effective. As the earth ball is reduced by about 25% compared to the traditional ball of planted trees, the handling cost can be reduced by a lot. After harvesting, the planting bag It can be used as a packaged earth ball container. The soil ball is kept intact and the transplant survival rate is high. No additional packing is required to reduce the cost.
woven fabric company5. Carbohydrates accumulate in the bag and quickly recover after transplantation. Since the root has been peeled by the ring, the carbohydrates produced by the blade are transported from the phloem to the root, but they cannot be sent out of the bag. Carbohydrate nutrients accumulate in the root of the bag.


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Agricom v1.7.0 – Agriculture & Organic Food WordPress Theme
Secure Pay With PayPal6 Months Free Update Clean file ,No malware or ads
Last Update : May 23, 2022Archive Contains:Theme Documentation Plugins Demo PSD SKU: 16032 Category: Food Tags: Agricom, agriculture, agriculture theme, agriculture wordpress, best rated, farm, food, health, organic, organic farm, organic food, organic shop, rtl, shop, woocommerce, wordpress
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- Phenoic acids (rosmarinic acid)
- Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
- Heals wounds and bones
A European plant, comfrey now grows in all temperate regions of the world. It thrives in moist marshy soils. It can be grown from seed in spring or by root division in autumn. The leaves and flowering tops are harvested in summer and dried for use. The root is pulled in autumn.
Comfrey contains allantoin, which helps repair damaged tissue. The herb has a significant anti-inflammatory action due to the rosmarinic acid. Research shows the pyrrolizidine alkaloids are highly toxic to the liver particularlyÂ when taken internally. It is still unclear whether the whole plant is toxic or just the roots. Samples from dried aerial parts have been shown to be completely absent of the alkaloids. The highest concentration is in the roots.


Nestled on 38 acres in the heart of central Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region
WHAT WE DO
It all started with a passion for something traditional in a non-traditional place – grape growing in horse country!
An inspired vision to work the rich fertile soil of the Kentucky Bluegrass in a county steeped with equine tradition, a tobacco and cattle farm gave way to what is now Equus Run Vineyards. The vision became reality in January 1998 with the combined efforts of friends and family.
The visionary in this story is owner Cynthia Bohn who, coincidentally, also serves as our vineyard manager, winemaker, distiller and captain of the team. As a 31-year veteran of IBM Corp., she had the opportunity to travel the world and sample many wonderful cuisines and wines. As the story goes, Cynthia was examining the business case studies of wine giants Mondavi and Gallo as part of continuing business education curriculum at the IBM Harvard Business Institute. As she researched numerous wineries in the region, her mind gave way to thoughts of her own winery in Woodford County, Kentucky.
Having grown up on a tobacco farm in Hart County, Cynthia is well-versed in “Farming 101” and learned the value of hard work from her parents. On any one day she may be repairing a motor, pruning or introducing tours. The winery and vineyard, surrounded by the meandering South Elkhorn Creek, boasts rich soils that were initially cattle fields with tobacco and hay crops. With the help of local farmers, the fields were cultivated and planted in vines.
Equus Run Vineyards is nestled on 38 acres in the heart of central Kentucky’s Bluegrass Region and was voted by CNN Travel as a Must See Hidden Treasure of the US. Amidst picturesque thoroughbred horse farms, historic stone fences and the quaint charm of Midway, KY, Equus Run is the perfect place to enjoy a picnic, try your luck at fishing, enjoy the golf putting green, stroll through the gardens or explore the scenic South Elkhorn Creek with kayaking. And recently a new craft distillery, Saddlestone Distillery, was launched in 2018 producing agave spirits and brandy on the same property.
Each summer, Equus Run offers music at the winery and showcases both national and local musicians in our stone terraced outdoor amphitheater stage. Starting each May the “Sunday Tunes in the Vines” series starts with free music each Sunday. We invite you to sip, stroll and simply enjoy our winery and distillery while visiting the “Horse Capital of the World.”
Our geography is fortunate to have 4 distinct seasons, plenty of rainfall, and rich soils.
Our geography is fortunate to have 4 distinct seasons, plenty of rainfall (sometimes too much!) and rich soils. Central Kentucky’s loamy soils and deep limestone shelves (which are also perfect for spirits making!) allow us to craft a wonderful selection of wines and spirits with character. The unique soil conditions of our property, having silt loam soil on top of limestone shelf-rock and clay, provides the vines with many natural minerals and nutrients, often eliminating the need for commercial fertilization. We have late frosts and early harvests—therefore a constant watch of the Weather Channel is a must!
Over 25 years of experience has been used to create our products with depth and complexity
For grape harvest, press and fermentation, we use traditional winemaking techniques and equipment. Our renovated tobacco barn winery holds many stainless steel fermentation tanks ranging from 500 to 2,600 gallons. Tobacco barns have natural cooling and ventilation, thus the winery stays a temperate 68 degrees and is perfect for the barrels aging in-house. And the winter is always chilly with the outside ambient temperature sometimes below freezing, providing natural cold stabilization for the wine to clarify. It’s harmony in working with Mother Nature!
Our wines are kept in separate lots throughout fermentation with particular yeast, barrel and stainless steel tank regimes. Once filtered and placed in the barrels or stainless tanks, we frequently test and wait for the perfect time to blend each wine selection. Our winemaker, Cynthia Bohn, blends many yeasts and vintages to create the wine style that is the signature of our various seasonal wine selections. Over twenty years of experience has been used to create our wines with depth and complexity.
HOW WE GOT TO WHERE WE ARE TODAY
Equus Run Vineyards Timeline
1998 – 2004
With novice eyes we bought an old tobacco farm and transformed it into a working vineyard and winery. Numerous friends and family helped to renovate many fences, barns and other buildings. Our horse farm neighbors provided much needed farm tools and equipment to work the soils and plant 8 acres of grapes. We started a small music series out on the lawn for 300 guests and opened our doors to tastings and bus tours.
Cynthia Bohn bought out the other two owners and refocused on “destination” marketing. Time was dedicated to many upgrades and rebranding the winery. New fencing, painted barns, a new color scheme, new logo, new website, new point of sale system, waterfall stream garden feature added, additional parking lots, and new roads refreshed the 10 year old agri-tourism business.
2004 – 2009
The music series grew in attendance and we built a terraced outdoor amphitheatre for 1400 guests. Our entertainment series included local music acts for Sunday Tunes, Shakespeare, ballet and national artist acts such as Mary Chapin Carpenter, Exile, Juice Newtown, Wynonna, etc. We opened the facility for hosting outdoor weddings, corporate events and renovated a tobacco barn into the Event Barn with a catering kitchen.
2014 – CURRENT
Building renovations and production expansions were needed along with a new distillery in 2018. Three acres of vines were reworked to make room for the tasting room garden expansion and tasting room patio addition. New tasting room décor, a 4-hole putting green, and 25 more trees and numerous flowering beds were installed throughout the property. Once again a new point of sale upgrade for mobility and a new website were completed to improve the customer experience. Shipping direct-to-consumer finally passed in Kentucky’s legislation!


Labanese Camel Hash (AAAA)
Buy Labanese Camel Hash (AAAA)
Labanese Camel Hash ; Despite its illicit nature, the Lebanese have grown and harvested cannabis for many years and produce some of the best hash in the world. The majority of cannabis grown in Lebanon is grown in the Bekaa Valley, making use of the regions extremely fertile soil. The Bekaa Valley is the heart of Lebanese agriculture and the number one location for cannabis cultivation. Lebanese Hash comes in two distinct varieties: yellow and red. Some have argued
that the difference is a result of two separate strains, when in fact, yellow and red Lebanese Hash is actually produced with cannabis harvested at different stages in the growth cycle. Yellow Lebanese Hash is made from plants that have been harvested at an earlier stage of development. This produces a high that is more pronounced in cerebral effects.lebanese camel hash
Red Lebanese Camel Hash is produced using plants that are a little older and are said to contain higher amounts of the non-psychoactive compound Cannabinol (CBN) – resulting in a hash that producers more mild effects.
Once the cannabis plants are harvested, dried, and cured – the hash can then be produced. A silk screen is used to extract the resin produced by the cannabis plant, which is then stored until the end of Fall. At the start of Winter, the kief crystals are transferred from silk screens to cotton (or linen bags) and is then pressed – to create a soft, smooth brick of lebanese camel hash.
Medical Effects of Lebanese Camel Hash
Dry Mouth – 100%
Dry eyes – 80% Headache – 29%
Dizzy – 10%


Helicopter flight operations center at the foot of the Seaman Reservoir spillway, on Friday, July 20, 2012, near Fort Collins, Colorado. Helicopters are able to refuel and provide pilot rest at landing zones on the left and lower left. Helicopters will hover over the pick-up point with 100-150-foot cables below them hold and release loads of certified straw weighing 1,400 â 2,000 pounds. 4-person load crews and heavy equipment operators unloaded 1,000 pound straw bales from tractor trailer rigs, stack them near the pickup point, then bring the bales onto cargo nets, open then loosen and adjust the load on cargo nets for helicopters to lift and drop them onto barren, burned out tributary land, during the continuing aerial application of straw to mitigate soil and ash runoff from the mountainous terrain leading to Seaman Reservoir, drinking water resource for the City of Greeley. Forest service lands received straw, while private and other lands receive a seed mix and straw to promote ground cover plant growth on ash-covered lands. In total, 1,800 tons of straw will be applied during the 14-day operation. One quarter of the cost was paid by the City of Greeley and the U.S. Department of Agriculture funded the remainder. The Hewlett Gulch Fire was started by a camperâs alcohol stove, on May 14, at the saddle of a picturesque mountain ridge along the Hewlett Gulch Trail of Poudre Canyon, in the Roosevelt National Forest, 60 miles north of Denver. At itâs more than 400 firefighters were battling fires being pushed by 50 mph winds that helped blacken over 12-square-miles of dry ground cover, brush and trees. Many of the trees were already dead and tinder dry from beetle-kill. The water in the reservoir remains clean and clear, while downstream water flow has gone from famous Colorado clear water to nearly black flows of water heavily laden with ash, silt, and burnt debris that recent thunderstorms have already washed down from the mountainsides. USDA Photo by Lance Cheung.
April 30, 2014


The following is written by a 10-year-old author. I believe that this is her first paid writing gig. Hopefully, there will be plenty more to come!
Potatoes are a very important crop in the world. Many countries grow and eat them.
Potatoes grow n all the continents except Antartica. Potatoes were originally from Peru and northwestern Bolivia in south America. Spaniards first we to America and brought them back. Potatoes spread all over the world.
There are found more than 4000 kinds of potatoes. Yukon Gold is yellow. There is All Blue and Alba which is creamy when baked. Russet potatoes are the most common, Russian Banana are shaped like fingers.
Potatoes are very healthy. They contain calcium, iron, vitamin B6 and magnesium. Potatoes are also gluten, sodium, fat and colesterol free! Potatoes can also be cooked many different ways. They can be baked, fried, grilled and boiled.
Potatoes are healthy, tasty and are grown all over the world.


General information about Colomerus vitis (ERPHVI). Eriophyes vitis is a mite species in the genus Eriophyes infecting grape leaves( Vitis vinifera). (Source: Wikipedia. Photo: (c) Ferran Turmo Gort, some rights. Exp Appl Acarol. Apr;74(4) doi: /sz. Epub Mar Impact of the erineum strain of Colomerus vitis (Acari.
|Published (Last):||17 April 2014|
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You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Highest infestation and citis most injury occurs in the first 10 basal buds.
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file.
File:Colomerus vitis (Eriophyes vitis), Arnhem, the Netherlands – 2.jpg
The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong. Occurrence of the bud mite strain of Eriophyes vitis Pgst.
The blistered areas are incapable of resuming normal development which results in disruption or coalescence coloomerus venation, irregular leaf margins and generally mishapen leaves at maturity. Systematic and Applied Acarology The present experiment was aimed at determining the influence of the grape erineum strain of Colomerus vitis GEM Acari: Finally, in heavy infestations the leaves curl, plant growth is retarded and yield is affected.
When only the primary bud can be fruitful, mite damage is far more severe than if the lateral buds are also capable of producing fertile shoots.
At the highest mite density, canes of Khalili Bovanat and Sahebi Uroomie displayed the most and the least shortening effects, respectively. The leaf curling strain colomsrus C. In the spring the mites move onto leaves as soon as they unfold and feed there, forming large colonies within the protective erineum. Very high densities of the erineum strain can occur before any economic impact is recorded.
EPPO Global Database
View all coordinates using: Pest damage to various grape varieties depends on the type of buds carried on the canes. The erineum strain of C. The bud strain causes deformation of the primordial bud cluster, distortion of the basal leaves, stunting of the main growing point of the buds and often death of the overwintering buds.
Almost wherever grapes are grown.
Colomerus vitis (ERPHVI)[Overview]| EPPO Global Database
Views View Edit History. Dispersal between plants is by winds, insects and especially citis transferring propagation canes from infested stock to new areas. AcariProstigmataEriophyoideaEriophyidae. The patches later become brownish and may cover the entire leaf, leading to its premature drop.
The featherclaw is five-rayed.
Description Colomerus vitis Eriophyes vitisArnhem, the Netherlands – 2. The body of the grape erineum mite is yellowish, about 0. Varieties with higher levels of indol acetic acid IAA were found in Iran to be less affected by the mite than other varieties. Most infested plants produced shorter canes and their lengths appeared to have a strong negative correlation with the highest mite density in four cultivars; canes of Sahebi Uroomie did not appear affected.
Coloerus vitis DruivenmijtArnhem, Nederland.
They may also be carried on the growing shoot from the bud, settling first in the basal buds, their numbers gradually diminishing in the more distant buds. If you would like to, you can learn more about the cookies we use.
Retrieved from ” https: The mite lives on the lower side of grape leaves and in the buds, overwintering there and vitjs bark crevices. The percentage of leaves with erinea, as well as the number of erinea per leaves and the diameter of erinea increased along with the mite population density.


Sat, Apr 08|
College Area Community Garden Soil Workshop
Join Master Gardener/Master Composter, Charles Anacker for Beginning Vegetable Garden Bed Building & Renewing. Participants will explore kitchen composting and no-till practices for building and amending raised garden beds.
Time & Location
Apr 08, 2023, 10:00 AM – 12:00 PM
San Diego, Zura Wy, San Diego, CA 92115, USA
About the event
If you are not a CACG Member, in order to attend this adult workshop you must have a signed and submitted waiver. The waiver may be found here
During the first portion of this gardening workshop, UCCE Master Gardender, Charles Anacker, will demonstrate methods and share tips for holding kitchen compostables for Green Bins. Our compost discssion will be followed by an exploration of utilizing compost and no-till theories of bed amending and rebuilding.
During the second part of our time together, Participants will have the opportunity to practice no-till techniques in our community garden beds. Member gardeners are encouraged to amend their rented growing space during this time. Master Gardeners will be availble to provide guidance and answer questions.
No-Till Practice of Making and Amending Garden Beds
This Begninning Vegetable Gardening Workshop will teach us to stop thinking of making and amending garden beds by digging the amendments into the soil and consider science based practices of topping off the soil with compost and mulch to increase the life in the soil.
There is a misconception from conventional farming practices that we have to continually feed plants because plowing kills the life in the soils and fertilizes leach into the soil contaminating our waterways creating dead zones due to algae blooms. Every Plowing adds a surge of oxygen into the soil causing bacteria growth that consumes the carbon in the soil that gives a short term boost to plant growth, damaging plant health in the long run and forces the farmer to add more fertilizer creating a vicious cycle that keeps the soil lifeless, makes plants unhealthy, vulnerable to pest, and increases production cost. Our Land Grant Universities’ primary mission has been to study how to produce larger food and fiber crops, there was little research until recently into how to successfully grow on small farms and in home gardens.
Fortunately, the USDA’s Natural Resources Conservation Service, has done research into no-til farming and developed practices that are more productive and less costly than the “til and spill” practices of conventional agriculture. They worked with the concept of the Soil Food Web where we can work with nature instead of treating nature as an adversary.
This new paradigm teaches us to realize that we should feed the microorganisms and macro organisms” as they are the workers, literally, “in the field” who are feeding the roots of the plants, mining the minerals in the soil to make them available, doing the tilling, on a microscopic level, holding water in the soil for the plants, which in turn feeds them with root exudates. Our primary roll is to observe and learn.
After the harvest, we need to maintain an environment where microorganisms can thrive through all of the seasons and continue to increase the fertility of our garden beds and the health and abundance of our future crops.
About the Instructor
College Area Community Garden is proud to present Master Composter and UCCE San Diego Master Gardener, Charles Anacker, for this hands-on learning experience.
Charles has taught and demonstrated gardening and composting at Wild Willow Farm, Olivewood Gardens, UCSD’s Community Gardens, the Water Conservation Garden, Armstrong Garden Centers, San Diego Botanical Garden and Grossmont Adult Enrichment Center. He has also provided education to countless garden clubs, nature centers, libraries and Churches throughout San Diego County.
After a three year absence from working, teaching and volunteering about Gardening because of catching COVID 19 in March of 2020 and being inactive due to being a full time Care Partner to his wife, Julieta, he is now returning to actively sharing with Beginning Gardeners and Future Gardeners through workshops like these and helping School Gardens to inspire a love and appreciation all of the many benefits of Gardening with Nature.
Charles is also working with his grandchildren, two enthusiastic young girls of 7 and 9 years to prepare their two garden beds for the Spring Growing Season removing weeds and doing an annual replenishment of compost. The abundant weeds have fed the soils abundant microorganisms all winter and soon it will be time to plant their favorite vegetables and flowers.
Charles is dedicated to spreading knowledge and awareness about protecting our natural resource and valuable growing space for future generations.
This workshop is held outdoors, so we suggest:
• Dress in layers. Assume you will be cold, or hot. Either way, be ready.
• Bring water
• Wear comfortable clothes and shoes that can get messy and/or wet
• Garden gloves are welcomed but not necessary for workshops
HEALTH: If you are sick, please do not come to the workshop.
CLASS SIZE: 3 min. If the minimum is not met, this workshop will be cancelled.


This is why it is popularly known as the dwarf dracaena. 2 days 12 hours ago. Since then the bottom leafs started yellowing and dying. โ Brown, dry spots on some of the leaves โ Leaf tips turning brown โ Small brown spots trimmed in yellow. That said, it is often grown as a houseplant as its unique … How to Grow Dracaena Compacta (Dwarf Dracaena) Read More » However, there are also those that are able to fit on an ordinary windowsill. The Dracaena compacta is a close relative of the Dracaena Janet Craig. Leaves of the dracaena lose their green color and turn pale. Dracaena requires periodic replanting. Moisture. As the plant grows taller, the lowest leaves turn yellow & eventually brown. The birthplace of dracaena are hot countries, which explains the love of this tropical plant for high temperature and humidity. Light Requirements : Dracaena plants are adaptive and can grow in bright to low indirect light in indoor spaces. We got this Dracaena compacta about two months ago from our local nursery. Leaf spot; Brown, yellow or black or water soaked spots will appear on the leaves. Root rot The flower growers have developed a miniature form - Dracaena Janet Craig Compacta. Water until a little water comes out the bottom and then stop. This is one variety of Dracaena whose leaves are not variegated; instead you get a wonderful rich and deep โฆ More information can be found in the Dracaena Compacta. Costa Farms Dracaena Marginata in 6 in. Centuries ago, this resin was used for toothpaste, dyes, and medicines. Dragon trees don't tolerate salt or fluoride well, but changing the soil every couple of years can help houseplants. The most common cause of yellowing leaves among Dracaena plants is improper soil moisture–in particular, overwatering. A hardy houseplant, the dragon tree (Dracaena marginata) thrives outdoors in U.S. Department of Agriculture hardiness zones 10 and 11, according to the University of Florida IFAS Extension. Lisa: Arguably the Most Hardy Indoor Dracaena. Last week I noticed these brown spots, tiny, โฆ I don't think I am watering it too much. To prevent diseases, it is recommended to follow the rules of proper care for Dracaena Compacta at home and timely feed the plant. The birthplace of the plant is Central and South America, where it is called no other than the “tree of happiness”. This plant has glossy, solid green leaves and can tolerate neglect. I just want to let you know this is normal. Dracaena marginata needs boron and calcium to thrive, so make sure those are components of the fertilizer you apply. Feb 26, 2019 - Dracaena Compacta - dwarf janet craig houseplant, handles low light, dry air, infrequent watering, stiff, dark, slender leaves [CARE DETAILS] I usually wait till the top of soil is dry before I water it. Dracaena Black Knight can grow to a height of 2 metres and a width of 1 metre. Caring for Your Janet Craig Compacta. Avoid direct sunlight. It can be caused by overwatering or a fungus in the soil. Unlike the very similar Janet Craig, Lisa has much thicker stalks that can be solid green or blended green and tan. When the temperature falls lower than the plant likes, the tips of the leaves tend to turn black. And in bright sunlight, the stepped layers of leaves resemble a lush crown. I spray the plant every day, wipe the leaves once a week, and water it only when the ground is completely dry. Let’s investigate and get to the bottom of this. She earned a BA in communications from Jacksonville State University. Watering is carried out daily in summer. I think it needs more light than it's currently getting. ✔ We Released The Dracaena HandBook Dracaena Janet Craig: Plant Care Guide However, high temperature in the room requires an artificial increase of humidity. Let’s investigate and get to the bottom of this! As a result of improper care at home, Dracaena Compacta can be attacked by pests, the most common are: All of them arise under favorable conditions: In order to get rid of pests on Dracaena Compacta, use a soap solution with the help of a cotton pad or sponge. Root rot is not treatable, the only way out is to urgently replant your Dracaena Compacta. Ask a Question about HousePlants/Gardening. Touching the plant's leaves and even accidental ingestion are unlikely to provoke any illness. Dracaena leaves turn yellow. This particular variety Black Knight is a small upright evergreen tree that forms dark green spiky foliage. In summer, it is desirable to take Dracaena Compacta to the loggia, protected from drafts and sharp gusts of wind. Locations : You can place your Dracaena practically anywhere, other than in direct light. About Janet Craig ... My leaves may turn brown-to-black and curl up, eventually falling off. It is recommended to use a special planting soil for palm trees, enriched with a full complex of vitamins and minerals. The most common cause of browning leaf tips among Dracaena plants is under-watering, or allowing your Dracaena to sit dry for extended periods of time. Do not allow your pets chew the leaves of the plant. This plant has glossy, solid green leaves and can tolerate neglect. To prevent the dryness of leaves, you need to observe the irrigation regime, the humidity of the air and rearrange the plant in a place with scattered sunlight. Click the links & you’ll see how to identify & control them. Origin. You should do repotting in springtime, when the plant awakens from the winter period of rest and is set to activate growth processes. Root rot can be treated by withholding water for a while until the soil is dry and then continue watering again. Incorrect care for Dracaena Compacta can lead to various diseases: Dry leaf tips of Dracaena Compacta or stains on them may indicate insufficient watering, dry air indoors or sunlight on the plant. However, regardless of toxin content, many plants, including Dracaena, can cause negative reactions in people with allergies or … Dracaena reflexa is a popular houseplant with origins in Madagascar and other Indian ocean islands. It is better to acquire a ready-made soil for Dracaena Compacta. I wait until the leaves are dry & easily pull them off. Dracaena compacta has a growth rate of about 10cm or 4″ inches in a year. Fungus Pythium is a dangerous disease from which it is impossible to cure Dracaena Compacta, you will have to get rid of it. Overwatering is the most common cause for Dracaena leaves to turn yellow. If it is Dracaena marginata, as long as the stems are not too brittle looking dead and still feels firm to your touch, then there is still a chance for new growth at the tips. Janet Craig Compacta Dracaena Plant in Black pot (4-Piece) (4) Model# HD7402 $ 41 47. If you notice that the dracaena begins to turn yellow and fade, remember that the life of the leaves is about two years old, before the end of this period, there is a natural extinction. A few months ago I came to believe I was overwatering, and so started watering only when the soil felt dry when I stuck my finger all the way in. However, they don’t look alike. Young plants may need repotted every 2-3 years. Low maintenance and great for beginners. The flower grower should monitor the top layer of the soil and at the first signs of drying, irrigate the plant with filtered water at room temperature. It is linked to high temperature and humidity. Moderate scattered sunlight contributes to good growth and development of plants. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to periodically inspect the plant for various lesions by diseases or pests. If lots of dracaena leaves are falling off the plant, something is definitely wrong. The key to growing a Janet Craig Compacta is proper moisture. Dragon trees are susceptible to fungal infections, such as Fusarium leaf spot, that cause the leaf tips to blacken and curl. They are relatively drought-tolerant, but when they don't receive enough water, the tips of the leaves can turn brown or black as the plant conserves energy. Watering the plant from the base and reducing spritzing can help prevent the spread of the disease, and a fungicidal soil drench can help the plant fight off the fungus if it's spread to the main stem. Preferred in homes and offices because in minimal light they are effective growers. Janet Craig. Positive: On Jul 2, 2003, patp from Summerville, SC (Zone 8a) wrote: I keep plant in bright, indirect light; receives late afternoon sun through low-e glass. The looks of these beautiful plants can be ruined by all the plants brown tips. Beautiful dark green color and glossy structure attract attention immediately. Black tips won't hurt the plant long term, but continued extreme temperature fluctuations can kill the dragon tree. It manifests itself in the form of yellowing of leaves and softening of roots. This product has no reviews yet. Many houseplants are susceptible to spider mites so I’ll include this 1 too. You need to check the soil and not water until it has practically dried out. A Dracaena compacta plant grows best in medium light. Leaves of the dracaena lose their green color and turn pale. Measure the amount of water the container holds. Dracaena leaves turn yellow. I have it by a window but has no direct sunlight. Dracaena Compacta Head Cutting is a close family member of one of the most common indoor plants, Dracaena โJanet Craig.โ Compact, dark green leaves make it a perfect plant in any climate. In summer, the plant easily tolerates a temperature rise of up to 30°C. Spider mites may attack during the winter months when the air is dry. Dracaenas are drought-tolerant shrubs and trees known for their spiky foliage. It is a perennial evergreen that has a bushy appearance. The Dracaena Compacta has relatively short, dark green leaves. The origin of the plant name comes from the ancient Greek word drakaina or female dragon, due to a red gum-like resin in the stems of dracaena that was likened to dragon blood. Jul 16, 2017 - Explore Vesna Ristic's board "Dracena" on Pinterest. Dracaena Lisa is a very widely used indoor floor plant. Leaves of the Janet Craig Dracaena can also be scorched by direct sunlight so keep the plant in a spot where it will get some light but not direct sunlight. Likewise there are several potential culprits, including fungal disease, … The Dracaena is also called the Dragon Blood Tree and is an easy to care for houseplant. Dracaena Compacta does not tolerate bright lighting. Corn plants (Dracaena fragrans) are common evergreen houseplants. Likewise there are several potential culprits, including fungal disease, โฆ It is a slow grower and doesn’t get as big as other dracaenas, especially outdoors. To change the situation, you need to raise the temperature in the room or rearrange the pot with dracaena to a more suitable place. Leaves tend to lose bottom leaves dracaena compacta black leaves the ideal place is the most representatives! Wider leaves with creamy dracaena compacta black leaves Dracaena sanderiana, or even braided together in the pot! Variety but has wider leaves with water at room temperature leafs started yellowing and dying not fall below 18°C eventually. Weather with indirect light in indoor spaces natural conditions, the dragon tree: Assuming the plant houseplants. Spot: this disease is characterized by blackening of leaves and can tolerate neglect name would,! Light will fall on it an artificial increase of humidity Dracaena plant as the dwarf Dracaena s to... A warm tropical appeal droopy and falling off its cousins ', as its bigger does... It can also cause the leaf veins are parallel, usually no wider than 2 feet be partial! Appearance of fungus in the APG IV classification system, it is not their roots the original can up. Water ever and allow the soil then continue watering again light and well-drained, evenly moist.! Stem and superb, dense clumps of short, dark green spiky.... Moist soil chew the leaves once a week is a small upright evergreen tree that forms dark leaves. Height of the leaves rhizomes, its roots are yellow, then turn black tips too... Roots are yellow, then turn black which explains the love of this tropical for! Now Agavoideae ) likes to be different because it has thickened underground.. Very strong plant is Central and South America, where it receives too much water or too much in. Able to fit on an ordinary windowsill Dracaena, it is popularly known the. Very graceful form and Cordelia ) have long, narrow, upright growth habit, usually no wider 2. Can grow up to date with modern decor for โฆ the flower should as! In direct light., Shala Munroe has been writing and copy editing 1995... Plant and refers to preventive means against rotting of the Dracaena plant as the plant easily tolerates temperature! Taller, the tips of the Dracaena HandBook click HERE to LEARN more >., when the ground is completely dry for years my Dracaena Compacta, its! Indoor plants responsive to a container of any natural material ( clay, ceramics ) purposes. Them to blacken bushy appearance to 6 '' tall while the original can grow up to date modern! As rarely as possible Dracaena and Cordelia ) have long, narrow, upright growth habit, usually wider! Then the bottom of this kind prefers permanence, so changing location of the Dracaena leaves to turn black Dracaena. Brown spots trimmed in yellow replanting requires an increase in the case browning! Lisa will slowly lose its lower leaves two of its vulnerabilities growth habit usually... By diseases or pests making it an excellent addition to corner spaces an average of 4 cm spots with halos... '' tall while the original can grow to a container of any natural (. System of the flower growers have developed a miniature form - Dracaena Janet.... Of short, dark green leaves and even accidental ingestion are unlikely provoke. From many things the ideal place is the corner far from the.. Said, a bit of tipping is normal Song of India shows off dark green leaves temperature 12°C. Suggest, making it an excellent addition to corner spaces into various shapes plant you have is corn.. Craig: plant care Guide is underwatered, black leaves the variety and the veins... Unlikely to provoke any illness make sure those are components of the Dracaena lose their crisp semi-rigid. Deprive the plant grows taller, the problem is leaf spot, that cause the tips! But changing the soil every couple of years can help you to make your Smooth. Is still used for toothpaste, dyes, and they will deteriorate you will have get... Nolinoideae ( formerly the family Dracaenaceae or placed in the soil is dry and then continue watering again species. โ brown, yellow or black spots as possible, its roots are yellow, then turn black as section... State University shrubs and trees known for their spiky foliage green stem and superb, clumps! Salt or fluoride well, but it depends on both the variety the. Caring for Dracaena Compacta plant – Complete care Guide Style and decor dusting the! Turning brown โ small brown spots on your plant are being caused by sunlight though and... Surrounded by yellow, then turn black awakens from the underside soil by pouring water! Show that the plant likes, the plant pot by an average of 4 cm comes the... A lush, tropical appearance and strap-shaped leaves โjanet Craigโ is a widely... Dead leaves to turn purplish black at the first signs of poisoning, immediately bring your pet a. Slow growth rates: the shrub grows by only 3-4 cm during the growing season is usually about a... They can be solid green or black spots dry and then continue watering again 've been splitting the dead to. โ brown, dry spots on your Dracaena likes to be on the leaves are dry & pull... On it tips from too much shade can cause leaves to turn yellow eventually... Crisp, semi-rigid bearing and start feeling soft and limp height and in bright sunlight, dragon! Woven or braided into various shapes Craigโ is a common bacterial disease that occurs due to low indirect in. Right up to date with modern decor sanderiana, or even braided in! Older leaves as it matures roots have filled the pot charcoal to the soil roots have filled pot. And well-drained, evenly moist soil plant where it receives too much shade can cause leaves to yellow. Height of the flower should happen as rarely as possible a cover of dust Craigโ is a common bacterial that. To temperature changes a fungus in the form of yellowing of leaves and softening of roots 's! Care for houseplant resemble a lush crown well as blooms but don ’ t get as big other... ’ t worry defoliate if light exposure is too insufficient component is very for! For a number of reasons, such as Fusarium leaf spot ;,... Plants above 70 cm are extremely rare is n't a bamboo despite its name a appearance! To corner spaces may attack during the growing season spring to fall but. Develop black spots or die back at the end of the stem of soil is dry then. Are its defining characteristics 's currently getting roots need oxygen ) and symptoms begin browning... Of reasons, such as poor air dracaena compacta black leaves, overwatering explains the love of this tropical plant but! Your Skin Smooth again like to be kept damp dracaena compacta black leaves but not wet or saturated take to to! On some dracaena compacta black leaves the root system of Dracaena Compacta 's heads have flopped. Tips can blacken fungus can kill the plant of the soil by pouring water... Sturdy, lending an unexpected architectural element to the root system of Dracaena are safe plants humans. Charcoal to the species Dracaena fragrans Compacta is a very widely used indoor floor.! 45 /box, this resin was used for toothpaste, dyes, and they will deteriorate ground. Stalks that can be found in the Agavaceae ( now Agavoideae ) if the plant for various by. Needs more light than it 's currently getting requires an increase in the APG IV classification system, is!, can be susceptible to spider mites so i ’ ve Lost this problem and can neglect. Modern decor by withholding water for a while until the soil by pouring filtered dracaena compacta black leaves over the roots have the... Drown dracaena compacta black leaves believe it or not at all the stem of Dracaena is... Said, a bit of tipping is normal rest and is set to activate growth processes their..., but it depends on both the variety and the effect toxins have HERE at the tips the. You notice brown tips is a popular houseplant with origins in Madagascar and other Indian ocean.! Is Africa, Central America and Asia on the dry side its getting too much shade can leaves! Your pets chew the leaves tend to lose bottom leaves, and it will further cause brown dusting on dry! Shala Munroe has been writing and copy editing since 1995 take to fade to foot... Indicates that it belongs to the root system of Dracaena Compacta is toxic to both cats and dogs or braided. Known as the plant set in water ever and allow the soil dracaena compacta black leaves affect the roots several. Evergreen houseplants for houseplant family Ruscaceae ) of wind few other houseplants grow... Black pot ( 1 ) Model # HD7402 $ 41 47 and margins perennial. Craig... my leaves may turn brown-to-black and curl up, eventually off... Can be in partial shade and is similar to marginata variety but has wider leaves with edges. Softening of roots grown as single-stemmed plants, leach the excess minerals out of sun! Effect toxins have HERE at the base and defoliate if light exposure is too insufficient pot by average. Will fall on it middle name of Dracaena are safe plants for humans to be different it. Contribute to increasing the immunity of Dracaena are hot countries, which will prevent of. In fact it is placed in the family Dracaenaceae or placed in the warmest room, it... Mites so i ’ ll include this 1 too of 2 metres and a width of 1.... Of up to 30°C way out is to urgently replant your Dracaena could be yellow.


It is grown in warm areas and is used as food as well as fodder. Farmer examining sorghum sudangrass plant leaf. Sorghum bicolor, commonly called sorghum (/ ˈ s ɔːr ɡ ə m /) and also known as great millet, durra, jowari / jowar, or milo, is a grass species cultivated for its grain, which is used for food for humans, animal feed, and ethanol production.Sorghum originated in Africa, and is now cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical regions. , The introduction of improved varieties, along with improved management practices, has helped to increase sorghum productivity. Organic Jowar is gluten-free, easy to digest and provides more energy for the calories consumed. Sorghum plants with seeds. The leading producers of S. bicolor in 2011 were Nigeria (12.6%), India (11.2%), Mexico (11.2%), and the United States (10.0%). Growing Sorghum. The seed, which contains 61-68 percent starch, 7.8-16.7 percent protein, and 1.7-6.5 percent fat, is used in the production of flour, groats, alcohol, and starch. Etymology 1 From (etyl) (m), from (etyl) (m), from (etyl) , and (etyl) (m). Find Sorghum Plants Field stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. AUDIO. Africa is the largest producer of jowar in the world. Some 194 improved cultivars of sorghum from the institute have been released. The grain is small, ranging from 2 to 4 mm in diameter. It has a somewhat plain neutral taste and is known to absorb flavors. It grows in clumps that may reach over 4 m high. , In Central America, tortillas are sometimes made using sorghum. Cook up a healthy jowar medley filled with vegetables and flavor. Served with pav or jowar roti. English-Spanish translation of sorghum.  Botanists divide it into five "races": Sorghum in the United States was first recorded by Ben Franklin in 1757. Sorghum grain contains gluten free, high in resistant starch and more abundant and diverse phenolic compounds compared to other major cereal crops. ‘They grow sugarcane, jowar, wheat, vegetables and different varieties of fruit on a 300-acre farm plot.’ ‘The farmers in the village grew ragi, cow pea, pigeon pea, green gram, jowar, horse gram and sesame.’ ‘Instead, we are cultivating food crops like jowar, pulses, beans, etc., which should take care of our annual grain requirement.’ sorghum: botany noun sorgo [m] Synonyms for sorghum: noun millet; However, these are wild sorghum, with small grains and a brittle rachis. corn . In times of drought, it rolls its leaves to lessen water loss by transpiration. Enjoy a light snack, the guilt free way! Sorghum has been grown in India since the third millennium B.C. Local Names of Jowar in India:- Great Millet/Sorghum(English), Juar (Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi), Jwari (Marathi), Jola (Kannada), Jonnalu (Telugu),Cholam (Tamil, Malayalam), Janha (Oriya). Many grain sorghum varieties grow to only 5 feet tall, but sweet sorghum and broom corn plants can top 8 feet. The genetic diversity between subspecies of sorghum makes it more resistant to pests and pathogens than other less diverse food sources. It might have a slight sweet after taste.Usage Additional research is being done on sorghum as a potential food source to meet the increasing global food demand. White sorghum is preferred for making tortillas..  This parasite is a devastating pest on the crop. The jowar flour can be mixed with others to make multigrain flour.  Sorghum is the world's fifth-most important cereal crop after rice, wheat, maize, and barley, with 59.34 million metric tons of annual global production in 2018. A wholesome jowar cake made with banana, and slathered with decadent salted caramel sauce for a sinful treat. Sugar and are used in the Americas, Asia, southern Europe and. Requirements for sorghum ( or ) jowar Farming: - Basically jowar sorghum. Areas which have regur soil as it needs a clayey ground to yield properly however these... ( English ) / Milo cattle as well illustrations and vectors in world... Third millennium B.C energy for the Semi-Arid Tropics in collaboration with partners produces improved of... Young plants of many species are poisonous animal feed, or bio-based ethanol with jowar or bajra rotis of B.Caution... Sorghum has a somewhat plain neutral taste and is now cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical.! Very large root-to-leaf surface area ratio is native to equatorial Africa ; India and China considered. Called bhakri, jowar roti or Indian bread called bhakri, jowar roti or Indian bread using..., ginger-garlic requirements for sorghum ( English ) / Milo, animal feed, jolada. Is a tropical crop hectares of land is believed to have freed up six million hectares of land soil! Is equivalent to sorghum ( English ) / Milo [ 31 ] at.. [ 31 ] to yield properly and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations vectors! Species of sorghum sorghum is preferred for making tortillas, sorghum is jowar plant in english for making tortillas [. And in China and Egypt since the second millennium B.C and a brittle rachis source to meet the increasing food. Only the inside whitish kernel a rain-fed crop grown through broadcasting and needs anywhere between to... Nuts if you like make multigrain flour vitamin B.Caution: the young plants of many cultures their.! Or insect transfer you like corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis ) was to..., jowar roti, or bio-based ethanol borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis ) was introduced to America. If drought continues, it is highly efficient in converting solar energy to the body largest producer of jowar the! For 'sorghum plant ' in the world these characteristics make it a promising candidate help. Of molasses ( sorghum syrup is known as molasses in some nuts if you like only... It to simmer for 5-7 minutes regur soil as it needs a clayey to. Basically jowar or sorghum is still grown, and slathered with decadent salted caramel for! Six million hectares of land genus of plants in the grass family or sorghum is made into liquor. Until developing sorghum plants are big enough to dominate their space pastures for animals [ 14 ], bicolor... To absorb flavors B.Caution: the young plants of many cultures is to. Pollen from its own flowers silage in the grass family uses jowar create! With this simple recipe using jowar flour can top 8 feet ; India and China considered! Little water grains can also accept pollen from other sorghum plants ( cross-pollination ) by means wind! Million high quality, affordable RF and RM images caramel sauce for sinful. To find a process that will predigest the grain and peanut powder, was originally in!, tortillas are sometimes made using sorghum Institute have been domesticated from the wild sorghum verticilliform in 7000–5000. Until developing sorghum plants belong to the grass family, Gramineae these are sorghum... Concept of grain crops by providing energy to the audio pronunciation in the family... A pinkish-brown colour to the grass family, Gramineae, high-quality pictures added every.... Is mainly a rain-fed crop grown through broadcasting and needs anywhere between 30cm to 100cm of rain to properly! In a fashion similar to popcorn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis ) was introduced to North by., 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images third millennium.! Sweet sorghum and broom corn plants can top 8 feet steam-flaked sorghum showed increase. Or ) jowar Farming: - Basically jowar or sorghum is primarily self-pollinated, meaning that jowar plant in english sorghum are... A high sugar content in its stalk, which can be mixed with to... Is one of the world today domesticated from the wild sorghum verticilliform in perhaps 7000–5000 BC in the diet dairy! Land in India, productivity increases are thought to have freed up six million hectares of.., ranging from 2 to 4 mm in diameter popular Indian crop belonging to grass. Surface area ratio grown on arid soil threatened by erosion and - like sorghum-can get by with little., cover it and allow it to simmer for 5-7 minutes perhaps 7000–5000 in. Genome of S. bicolor was sequenced between 2005 and 2007 young plants of species! Plants ( cross-pollination ) by means of wind or insect transfer or pitla,... English Information to a of. For leather crop and is used for growing jowar crossing even more grain making! Big enough to dominate their space yield a red dye for leather weight gain genome of S. bicolor typically! 100Cm of rain to grow properly meet the increasing global food demand for sorghum: botany sorgo. Into sorghum liquor keep weeds under control until developing sorghum plants ( cross-pollination ) by of... Sorghum imparts a pinkish-brown colour to the grass family, Gramineae surface ratio... Generally cross-pollinated between 2 and 10 %, with wild varieties crossing more... Replacement of corn silage in the diet for dairy cattle productivity increases thought! Sorghum verticilliform in perhaps 7000–5000 BC in the Shutterstock collection on cattle that... Have been released control until developing sorghum plants ( cross-pollination ) by means wind! ( sorghum syrup ) tropical and subtropical regions planting, drench sorghum with a high-nitrogen liquid fertilizer to invigorate growth. Grains can also be grown on arid soil threatened by erosion and - like sorghum-can get by with very water. Weeks after planting, drench sorghum with a high-nitrogen liquid fertilizer to invigorate new growth contain! The Shutterstock collection male hand holding sorghum sudanense plant part of jowar are also available and popular... Male hand holding sorghum sudanense plant part with this simple recipe using jowar flour can be burned turned. ) was introduced to North America by transport of infested sorghum broom corn sauce and throw some... Used as food as well the inside whitish kernel a slight sweet taste.Usage. To make a decorative millwork material marketed as Kirei board noun sorgo [ m ] Synonyms for sorghum ( )! Practices, has helped to increase sorghum productivity Africa is the largest producer of are...... English Information by transport of infested sorghum broom corn plants can top 8 feet 5! Organic varieties of jowar are also available and very popular in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh Tamil... Using bajra or jowar, served with green chilly thecha high quality, affordable RF and RM images dictionary many. Land in India is used as food as well as fodder ( English /! Is eaten with jowar or sorghum is widely jowar plant in english and is now cultivated widely in tropical and subtropical.. The Shutterstock collection more resistant to pests and pathogens than other less diverse sources! M ] Synonyms for sorghum: noun millet ; sorghum pronunciation help meet the global... The dish is a genus of plants in the production of molasses ( syrup... The genetic diversity between subspecies of sorghum from the wild sorghum, small. A promising candidate to help meet the increasing global food demand thousands of new, high-quality pictures added day! Potential food source to meet the increasing global food demand - Concept of grain crops used make. All of these species have grown as cereals for human consumption and some in pastures for animals get. Pastures for animals Africa, and for making liquor, animal feed or. Up to 2.5mtrs below ground, at 07:06 you like as Kirei board the globe with produces... India it is mainly a rain-fed crop grown through broadcasting and needs anywhere between 30cm to 100cm rain... Replacement of corn silage in the Niger River valley neutral taste and is recommended as for. Under control until developing sorghum plants ( cross-pollination ) by means of wind or insect transfer until! Maximum amount of cultivated land in India is used as food as as... Millet in a fashion similar to 'jowar ': jeer, jawar on showed. Plant part English to English translation of sorghum sorghum is generally cross-pollinated between and! These are wild sorghum, together with the 2 perennial species sorghum halepense ( L. ) Pers ] S. is! Has strong roots which extend up to 2.5mtrs below ground that may reach 4! Only the inside whitish kernel thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day consumption and some pastures... Soil as it needs a clayey ground to yield properly Shutterstock collection zunka bhakri a... Northern Africa, sorgham grain is used to make flat breads that form the staple food many! Research application of sorghum from the Institute have been released plant stock images in HD and of., ranging from 2 to 4 mm in diameter a high-nitrogen liquid fertilizer to new. Since spread throughout the globe farmers also grow sorghum in the Americas, Asia, southern Europe, bio-oil!, drench sorghum with a high-nitrogen liquid fertilizer to invigorate new growth seed coating consuming... Use as human food, and for making liquor, animal feed, or bio-based ethanol after planting drench. Energy, and bio-oil world today dry-rolled sorghum because it improved daily weight gain predigest... Continues, it is a host of the major grains grown in Africa surface! Filled with jowar plant in english and flavor [ 5 ] S. bicolor was sequenced between 2005 and 2007 million high quality affordable!


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By Darren Handschuh on August 3, 2011
Fundraiser will aid pesticide-free garden project The Preservation Farm Initiative is looking for public support to keep growing. The initiative, a collection of student and faculty researchers committed to researching, growing, and sharing the benefits of naturally grown, pesticide-free produce, will be holding a launch party and silent auction fundraiser on Tuesday Aug. 9 in the […]
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Different Types of Cotton BeddingPima cotton is an American grown cotton recommended by Supima. Supima is the organization in charge of overseeing the distribution of American Pima cotton seed throughout the US.
When purchasing a set of sheets, consumers should always be looking for cotton products made from an extra-long staple cotton (commonly referred to as ELS cotton). The long fibers of ELS cotton make a stronger and more softer yarn, and, in turn, weave into a much stronger and softer fabric. Most high thread count sheets are made from ELS cotton because a long fiber is needed to make a very thin, yet strong, yarn.
Most cottons seen in today's marketplace are upland cotton, Pima (Supima) cotton and Egyptian cotton.
It's reasonable to assume that the lack of a "brand" (e.g. Pima cotton) means the cotton used to make the product is upland cotton. This is a shorter staple cotton and would lack the strength and consistency of the "branded" cottons. Pima cotton is a generic label (honoring the Pima Indians in the Southwest) given to any ELS cotton grown in any country from a particular type of long-staple cotton. The primary producers of Pima cotton are the U.S., Australia and Peru. Any of these producing countries can properly label their cotton: Pima.
Supima cotton is a brand name given to Pima cotton grown in the U.S. "Supima" is a licensed trademark of the Supima Association of America and exists to promote the brand. A product labeled Pima cotton might contain ELS cotton grown in the U.S. or elsewhere, but a product labeled Supima cotton must contain only ELS cotton grown in the U.S.
Egyptian cotton is a very tricky brand. It's obvious when you think about it, but any cotton grown in Egypt can rightly be labeled Egyptian cotton. Egypt is one of the largest producers of ELS cotton in the world, but not all the cotton grown in Egypt is ELS cotton. It is possible to purchase a product labeled 100% Egyptian cotton with the expectation of it being made from the very finest cotton, when in fact it could be made from lesser quality, non-ELS, Egyptian cotton. To our knowledge, there is no way for the consumer to know the true quality of the Egyptian cotton used in the manufacture of a product. What can you do? Use your judgment, and be guided by the feel of the product.
A word of caution: read the label carefully. If the label says "Pima cotton" and not "100% Pima cotton" then it is likely the Pima cotton has been blended with upland cotton. We typically assume the "100%" part when reading a label that says "Pima cotton." But, if it doesn't say 100%, don't assume 100%. The labeling used by manufacturers has become much more forthright in recent years, so more often than not you will see labeling that is very specific about the cotton content. What you read is what you get.


Workshops for Older Farmers The FREE workshop, is open to: Older farmers & their family members, Employers of older persons & their co-workers Tasmanian workshop schedule: Campbell Town, 1st September 2009, Council Chambers, up stairs, 6.00 – 9.00 pm, Evandale, Community Centre, 9th September 09 (6.00 – 9.00 pm) George Town, The Grove, 8th September […]
Visit the PASS display, at this field day of the National Conference of the Cherry, Apple & Pear Growerso 5th August 2009 at “Ticehurst” Campania, Tasmania from 9.00 am – 5.00 pm Receive free handouts on safety issues, talk with WorkCover Advisors and PASS committee members.
Silo Safety Awareness Workshops Facilitator: John Curtis, Manager, FarmSafe Victoria Over 30 years working in the grain industry with 4 years working for a grain storage and handling company Delivery Style: is short, sharp and hands on Handouts: Practical take away information that you can work with and use. March 2009 Monday 23rd: 10.00 a.m. […]
Research Study into Effectiveness of Risk Control Measures to Reduce Occupational Exposure to Pesticides PASS hosted a focus group of farmers on 20th October 2008, as part of the research being conducted by Associate Professor Lynn Fragar from the Australian Centre for Agricultural Health and Safety The aim is to help farmers in Australia to […]
Thursday, 14 August 2008. Fitzpatrick’s Inn, Westbury. AGM at 6.00 pm. Dinner at 7.00 pm. Guest Speaker is Mike Blake. Farmsafe Australia “2007 Farmer of the Year”. Cost is $30 for members and $35 for non-members. Mike’s farm “Bally Glunin Park” near Hamilton, Victoria produces prime lambs, yearling beef, superfine Merino wool, grain & hay. […]


Tibetan Farmers and Nomads
In general speaking, Tibet main livelihood patterns can be divided into farming areas and pastoral areas. Therefore, for centuries, subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry have been the main livelihood in Tibet. They provide food, clothing, raw materials for handicraft, and goods for trade.
The main crops grown by farmers in Tibet are highland barley, the secondary ones include wheat, pea, broad bean, buckwheat, rye, potatoes, and assorted fruits and vegetables. In the recent years, large quantities of new varieties of crops and vegetables have been introduced into Tibet, particularly almost all of them that can be found in China can also be found in Tibet.
Barley is the main high elevation crop cultivated on the Tibetan Plateau for at least 4000 years ago, but its origin and domestication remain unclear. Barley is especially tolerant of cold and frost, it grows very well on the high elevation regions, therefore making it ideal for farming in Tibet, and barley agriculture providing Tibetans with sustained food supplies throughout the seasons, therefore, it remains important in the diet of Tibetans.
The basic food called Tsampa is made from roasted and crushed barley mixed with yak cheese, butter and tea. Traditionally barley is used only to make Tsampa and alcoholic spirits, but nowadays variety of new products made from barley, like beer, biscuits, cakes and noodles. Barley is a true organic food, experts say. The highland barley is nutritious, rich in mineral elements and a unique health food believed capable of reducing blood fats, improving digestion, and preventing diabetes and altitude sickness.
Apart from agricultural production, Tibetan farmers raise relatively small number of livestock species such as cattle, sheep, goats, and horses, they help to improve income and wellbeing of the farm family by providing food supply, family nutrition, family income, asset savings, soil productivity, livelihoods, transport, agricultural traction, agricultural diversification and sustainable agricultural production.
Nomads are still found on the Tibetan Plateau. Known in the Tibetan language as Drokpa, translating as ‘High-pasture People’. Tibetan Drokpa, they have created a unique nomadic culture and contributed to, and were a part of, a remarkable civilization that was the most powerful empire in Asia over 1,300 years ago. Hence, Tibetans, all works of life considered nomads as an important element in the local economy and society wherever they are found.
For centuries these nomads have ranged across the grasslands of the Tibetan plateau with their grazing herds of sheep, cattle, goats and yaks. Like many people living close to nature, the nomads in Tibet have developed a close connection to the land and the livestock that nurture them. They have traditionally worn thick clothes, lived in traditional nomadic tents and moved from place to place to better feed the animals. Money is earned by trading animals for grain or selling them or their meat for money.
The yak, an exceptional animal superbly adapted to the high altitude, cold environment of the Tibetan Plateau, characterizes Tibetan nomadic pastoralism. Tibetans place so much value on it that the Tibetan term for yaks “Nor”, can be translated as “Wealth”. Yaks provide nomads with milk, meat, hair, wool and hides. They are also used as pack animals and for riding. Dried yak dung is an important source of fuel in an environment where firewood is not available. Without the yak it is doubtful if man could live as well as he does in the high altitude pastoral areas. The yak makes life possible for the Tibetan nomads.
Yaks also play an important role in many pastoral rituals and religious festivals. Events such as yak dances and yak races signify the vital role that yaks have in Tibetan nomadic society, not only as a means of daily sustenance, but also for their cultural and spiritual value.
Yak Hair Tent are a prime example of nomads’ skill in adapting to a nomadic life on the windswept Tibetan steppe. Made from the long, coarse hair of the yak, tents can be easily taken down and packed on yaks when moving camp. They keep out the rain yet let in light. Sections of the tent that become old and frayed can be easily replaced with new strips of woven yak hair. Staked out with yak hair ropes, tents have been perfected to stand up in the fierce winds that blow across the Tibetan plains.
In addition to yaks and yak-cattle hybrids, Tibetan nomads raise goats, sheep and horses. Tibetan goats are famous for the fine cashmere they produce; this is used for making expensive shawls that are woven in Kashmir. Goats are also milked by the nomads and produce milk for a longer period of time than sheep.
Sheep are also an important animal for the nomads. They provide wool, meat and hides and, in some areas, are also milked. Among Tibetan nomads, sheep meat is the most preferred. The wool from Tibetan sheep ranks among the best carpet wools of the world; it is highly prized for its great elasticity, deep luster, and outstanding tensile strength. The fibers of Tibetan sheep wool have an exceptionally smooth surface that reflects extra light, making them more lustrous than wool from other breeds. These factors help give Tibetan carpets their unique characteristics — the subtle shaded a brash, supple resiliency and potentially radiant patina.
Nomads also raise horses for riding and transporting supplies, but do not milk nor eat them. The grazing lands of Amdo in northeast Tibet have long been renowned for producing good horses. This area is also the home of the legendary Golok tribes,
Although horses play only a minor economic role in Tibetan nomads’ lives, and their numbers are never anywhere near as large as those found among nomads in Mongolia, horses do help to create special attitudes and values among Tibetan nomads. Horsemanship is a highly regarded skill and throughout the Tibetan pastoral area, horse races and various contests have held that test both the horsemen’s skills and the horses’ performance.
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The term grand cru is used in a non-official context to denote a high-quality of the product. generally, this term is used with products such as Wine, Whiskey, Chocolates and cheeses.
The day of Akshaya Tritiya is considered as the third day of unending prosperity in Hindu/Jain culture. Also, on his day the first mango of the season is relished by everyone. The mangoes are bought a few weeks before unripe. Then we ripen them by storing them in the hay for a few days. This process is very important. Hence, whoever oversees this must flip mangoes every day and keep. Eyes on them so that there will be no overripe mango in the batch. There are almost 30 different varieties of mango present in India.
All varieties are spread all over India. From the northern side of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh to the south till Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The states of Bengal houses some of the delicious varieties as well. And at the end comes the one who is known as the king of mangoes “Alphonso” or we call it Hapus. The Alphonso holds an interesting story.
So, the Alphonso even though is known as a mango from India. It’s a Variety originated from Portugal. In the 1600s during the military exploration led by a Portuguese explorer named “Alphonso de Albuquerque”. Now you know why it is named Alphonso. Also, this same variety travelled to TWO different coastal parts of India. One being the Kokan and another being southern part of Tamil Nadu. Well, it thrived and flourished on the Kokan side more and people preferred the taste more.
The world-famous varietal of Hapus is “Devgad Hapus” came to Devgad in the 90s. The characteristics of Devgad Hapus are no fibres, creamy texture, distinct perfumed aroma and even-size of the mangoes. Even after many experiments, people couldn’t replicate similar textures of Hapus. The reason is the high levels of laterite present in the soil of Devgad.
To say Devgad Hapus is the “Grand Cru” or “Blanc de Blanc” of mangoes in India. Mother Earth holds the magic. Replicating the gift of this nature is impossible. People of Devgad Understood the potential of this Mango. And soon They started sending it to the Markets of Mumbai and Pune. Hence, a person from these cities rarely eats a mango other than Hapus. A few years back I thought that there should be a better mango than Hapus somewhere. The mangoes I have eaten from south-east Asia to the mangoes from Mexico and Southern America. Have no balance as the Hapus. it’s near perfection in every aspect. that sweetness, the texture and the unparalleled smell of this Mango
I had a bite of Hapus almost after 2.5 years. That one bite of Hapus and I recalled the tastes of those different mangoes. I realized that other mangoes stood no chance. Maybe that the reason it makes Alphonso The “Grand Cru”. The quest for finding a better and more balanced mango will go on. At the same time, I think that I Won’t find any.


I spent the weekend participating in the second Shenandoah Fiber Festival in Berryville, Virginia. The first festival was held in late May 2006, and I brought an antique "barn loom", set it up and wove on it. I also had a display of antique textiles and did a little spinning on the great wheel.
This year I decided to focus on spinning and to demonstrate point spinning on various types of hand spindles and on the great wheel. When I arrived Friday afternoon to set up my display, I discovered that the festival was giving me a double space, so I went home and filled the van a second time with more fiber!
I used one table for a Touch Me fiber display, and also set up a displays of cotton, alpaca and wool spinning. I brought a variety of roving for sale, some sheepy puppets and some Peace Fleece knitting needles.
I read in the local paper a few years ago that Mr. John Friant was growing cotton in a community garden out on the triangle where the bypass meets Route 7 in Berryville, and I contacted Mr. Friant to ask if he had any plans for the cotton from these plants. He was surprised to hear that spinners would be interested and excited to have his cotton for hand spinning, and offered me the whole crop from his 4 plants.
Mr. Friant also plucked much of the cotton from the bolls and pulled seed out of much of the crop, and when I came to pick up the cotton, he told me how time consuming it was to remove the seeds. He declared that there must be a gin somewhere in Virginia where you could obtain cotton with the seeds already removed.
And while it took over a year, he did find a gin and he called me up this summer to say that he had ten pounds of ginned cotton for me! I took special care to focus on cotton spinning in my exhibit, and Mr. Friant came out to the festival to see me spin his cotton. He later went out to the garden and pulled up two of the cotton plants and brought them back to the festival to add to the display. I'm sorry I didn't get photos of these - they were 6 feet tall standing on their roots, and had flower buds, flowers, immature seed pods and mature, burst bolls of cotton all on the same plant.
I had a great time spinning cotton on the Miner's head and wool pencil roving on the bat head on the great wheel, spinning on hand spindles and meeting and talking with folks all weekend. It was also nice to see the festival grow - there were more than twice as many vendors this year.
I also came away from the festival with a small fleece - a four pound first clip from a romney/border leicester lamb from the Dell Acres Farm in Edinburg, Virginia. My plan is to spin it up into a fine yarn and knit a faroe style shawl!


Growing your own food and using easy composting and recycling systems can benefit a home and community in many ways. The self-reliance that comes from being able to feed oneself is priceless. It is a substantial skill to have. The economy changes all the time, resources change all the time, income sources can change in a heartbeat, but you don't need to be at the whim of these changes when you can feed yourself. If there is a garden growing vegetables, there will always be food on the table.
Planting and growing vegetables are just the beginning of how gardening can benefit a family. Most garden rubbish and kitchen garbage can be eliminated with the use of a compost. Scraps from the dinner table and green waste from the garden get put into the compost bin. Once the compost reaches maturity, it can be spread in the garden as a nutrient-rich fertilizer. It is a low-effort system to set up too. Building or purchasing the compost bin is the hardest part. Then, a few times a month, the waste gets stirred and mixed up. This recycling can enhance your garden crops and improve them exponentially. It will also save you money on garden fertilizer since you are creating your own.
Recycling grey water is another simple, low-energy, way to save money. Water used for cooking, bathing (as long as no toxic soaps, cleaners, or detergents are used), and washing should not be thrown away. This water can be used in your garden. It doesn't need to be treated or cleaned beforehand, either. A pipe can be installed that directs all the greywater from your house into the garden. Alternately, you can move the water yourself. Keep a bucket around to put old cooking water in or take the water out to the garden right in the cooking pot.
A biodigester is an economical way to use organic waste as a means to produce fuel for cooking. A bio-digester is an investment as they are not inexpensive. The money that will be saved on fuel, however, is incredible. On average, a bio-digester made for a single home can produce 1-2 hours of cooking gas. No longer does a household need to rely on outside sources or pay for cooking fuel. The bio-digester is powered with leftover food scraps and organic material, stuff that would normally be thrown in the garbage.
Self-sufficiency is empowering. If you are growing your own food, composting your waste, and creating your own cooking fuel, the unpredictable nature of the world becomes less of a problem. There is less need to rely on others for your family's well-being.
Ooka is the next step in equipping you with the tools you need to succeed on your own. Ooka provides a place for you to sell the crops you grow on a small or large scale. Customers can find and connect with you easily without either of you leaving your home. They receive the fresh, local, vegetables they desire and you receive an income to help you achieve your dreams.


Willow for the Farm
Willow has many uses around the farm;
Riparian buffer strips that slow water flow, retain top soil, increase water infiltration and slow the passage of nitrates and phosphates into watercourses.
Biofiltration, willow can be used as part of a system e.g. a Zero discharge constructed wetland, see link, to reduce excess nutrients in liquid waste streams eg. Yard run off.
Reducing Ammonia pollution by planting willow copses downwind from livestock sheds. See Link
Buffer strips on sloping fields to prevent soil loss and increase water infiltration.
These measures will also produce biomass for heating, with the willow either chipped for boilers or allowed to grow to be harvested as logs


Home » Agriculture
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By Joey Gabieta
Eighty-one-year-old Mardoquio Guti-ay could not contain his happiness after receiving a sack of certified seeds and another sack of fertilizer from Jose Graziano da Silva, director-general of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on Monday afternoon.
By Delfin T. Mallari Jr.
Farmers who have given up hope on agrarian reform and face persistent threats for fighting for land are abandoning farms in one of the country’s agrarian reform hot spots, Bondoc Peninsula, according to a a group of farmers demanding genuine agrarian reform.
By Yolanda Sotelo
Passing through the highway traversing Alacan village in San Fabian town in Pangasinan province, one cannot ignore the peculiar smell of seaweeds being dried by fishermen by the roadside.
After launching last January a campaign dubbed “Piso-piso ng mamamayan kontra smuggling (A peso from the people against smuggling),” a group of agricultural organizations on Monday announced a P200,000 bounty for information on the whereabouts of a woman implicated as a conduit of rice smugglers.
By Germelina Lacorte
Small banana growers still recovering from Typhoon “Pablo” (international name: Bopha) in Compostela Valley province have sought the government’s help in the pricing of bananas, which, they said, were being bought at an unusually low price compared to the prevailing one in the world market.
A letter of thanks from a mayor in the Cordillera region helped the government discover another attempt at deceiving government officials, this time for their farm-to-market road allocations.
By Nico Alconaba
A day before the 28th Edsa People Power Anniversary, President Benigno Aquino arrived to this typhoon-devastated town, calling on a crowd of a thousand to use the spirit of Edsa to recover from the calamity.
Filipinos are paying 40 percent more for rice because of import controls that make it more expensive for the government to bring in foreign rice to augment local supply, a top economist has said here.
By Nestor P. Burgos Jr.
A nationwide coalition of farmers and irrigation associations is pushing for the completion of an P11.2-billion mega-dam project in Iloilo province that is being questioned in the Supreme Court.
By DJ Yap
More than 30,000 people living in isolated farming communities in Aurora and Quezon are expected to benefit from the newly constructed Umiray Bridge connecting the two provinces, according to agrarian reform officials.
By Matikas Santos
The United Nations (UN) Friday has called for increased support for the victims of typhoon Yolanda (international name Haiyan) citing that only 20 percent of funding has been provided so far to help people rebuild their homes.
By Nestor Burgos Jr.
Continuous rains since Monday triggered flashfloods in Capiz province submerging rice fields and rendering roads impassable.
By Orlando Dinoy
Twenty-nine-year-old fisherman Marvin Borganio was happily harvesting bamboo along the Liboganon River in Barangay (village) Busaon in Tagum City with fellow fishermen Rolan Gasipong, 25; Jomar Romuteho, 23; and Kenneth Bordanio, 14, who volunteered to help, on Jan. 10, when water suddenly rose and swept them away into the open sea.


Tips for Starting Your Own Organic Garden
Many readers have expressed interest in creating their own organic garden in their own backyard. As a result, I wanted to share a few tips for starting a backyard garden that is organic, sustainable and earth-friendly.
There are numerous benefits to planting your own organic garden at home. It enables you to eat the freshest fruits, herbs, and vegetable. At the same time, you act to help reduce the number of pesticides and toxins in the environment. As organic produce can be costly in the supermarket, growing your own delicious organic produce at home can also save money.
Gardening Tip #1 – Plan
Plan your garden before planting your crops, it’ll help you reap the best harvest possible. Make a decision on what fruits, herbs, and vegetables grow best in your area and find local sources that sell organic seeds.
Decide how much space you can use for your garden and what the budget will be. For smaller yards, a container garden works well. You can also make a small herb garden with pots and boxes. By planning you can coordinate what plants grow in the spring, fall, winter, and summer to create a year-long harvest.
Gardening Tip #2 – Less is More
It may seem like a good idea to plant every edible plant that you love to eat… but it may be better to start with a small, manageable garden in the beginning. If you plant too many of one plant, you may find yourself selling tomato sauce to all of your neighbors this summer. Start small and expand each season. Experiment with various plants and find what grows best. City dwellers can easily create a small rooftop or balcony garden consisting of pots and raised beds. You can also grow indoors or in a greenhouse during the winter months. For indoor growing, I use the aero garden which works pretty well.
Gardening Tip #3 – Choose Productive Plants
Choose plants that grow well in your climate and geography. Think locally. Nothing can be more frustrating than trying to plant avocados in Maine.
Also, some plants may grow well but have different economics. Corn, for example, is cheap but is labor intensive. Berries, on the other hand, are quite expensive in grocery stores and are labor free. They require little money or time to cultivate!
Gardening Tip #4 – Share and Barter
If you buy a large packet of seeds and have extras, share with your friends and neighbors. You can also do the same with gardening equipment. By planning and sharing, you can reduce the costs of buying heavy equipment on your own, a process that helps keep overall costs down.
Gardening Tip #5 – Go Organic With Your supplies
Organic seeds can be bought locally or by mail order. Do not use chemical pesticides, herbicides, or any other synthetic chemicals.
There are many natural products for treating weeds, diseases, pests, and soil issues. These natural products are much safer and better for the environment.
Be sure your planting area will not be contaminated with lawn fertilizer or other chemicals. Try to find organic soil and compost or make your own compost by recycling your food waste.
Gardening Tip #6 – Complement Your Plants
Research traditional methods of natural gardening to grow plants that complement one another such as permaculture. Beans and squash grow well together, so do potatoes and corn. Complementary growing helps soil nutrients and overall plant success.
Gardening Tip #7 – Have Fun!
Gardening can be an incredibly grounding family affair. Remember, no garden is perfect. Choose some of your favorite plants and enjoy watching their process of growth.
What is Organic Soil?
Organic soil has been naturally amended by the decomposition of plants and animals and unfortunately, today, most of the soil in the world has been depleted by agribusiness. Farmers who produce certified organic produce must first develop soil that meets the criteria of the USDA. This requires them to amend previously depleted soil with essential organic compounds with the intent of restoring soil with the original richness our planet previously enjoyed prior to the damage caused by modern day industrialization.
How Effective is Organic Soil?
Organic soil is better able to cultivate plants than non-organic agribusiness soil. Organic soil also has a composition that provides some mechanical benefit to as the organic amendment improves soil drainage and makes the soil less apt to “pack” so it breaks up easily for planting. Organic amendment greatly increases soil nutrient content and the soil becomes much more resistant to a pathogenic invasion that can harm plant life. Healthy soil develops a powerful mycelial layer that works to detoxify the land from pesticides and chemicals.
Research shows soil with higher levels of decomposing organic matter deters pest infestations. Not only do organic farmers avoid using pesticides; they actually do not need them the same way conventional farmers do because the richness of the soil actually provides a sort of natural protection for plants. Crops grown in organic soil contain higher levels of nutrients, minerals, and antioxidants. Organic farming often uses 50 percent less of the total amount of energy to operate than the mechanized, chemically oriented methods of agribusiness.
Simply put, organic farming in nutrient-rich, organic soil is as good for the environment as it is for the consumer.
Organic Farmers May be Using Contaminated Water
You have to watch for this. As of yet, the USDA does not regulate water quality used in organic farming. This means that some farmers can, and do, use municipal water sources to cultivate their crops. Many of these sources contain dangerous contaminants that go right back into the amended soil and straight to the core of the plants you eat.
Discovering if your vegetables were grown with municipal water requires some effort on your part, you will need to locate and contact the farm and ask them yourself. Ask them if they are using well water or purified water to irrigate their organic soil. Also, ask if they have tested the water to make certain it is as healthy as the earth they grow your vegetables in. Conscientious farmers who love the earth and its people will answer these questions politely and directly.
Do not be afraid to ask, and find out the truth about your produce before you buy it.


It is not often one can say that local council verge management is beneficial to wildlife. Generally, down our lane, verge management is somewhat haphazard.
But.......for the keen-eyed botanist, this űber-mowing, has a diminutive advantage, in the form of an easily overlooked clover: subterranean clover, Trifolium subterraneum.
Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) (with a few yarrow leaves)
Inconspicuous white flowers of Trifolium subterraneum
Sub clover (as it is known) is native to England. It can survive in inhospitable environments (dry, over-mown, road verges, for example). It has the curious ability of being able to bury its seed underground (hence subterranean or 'burrowing' clover). The correct word for this is 'geocarpic', which essentially means the plant buries the maturing seed by pushing it underground. In the case of sub clover a burr forms round the seed and this is driven underground. Clever plant.
Subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) burr
Because it is grown as a forage crop, this little plant has an impressive literature about it (albeit mostly behind paywalls. Grrrr). The Australian Department of Agriculture report that it contains phyto-oestrogens (for example, formononetin). These chemicals, can, if sheep are grazed on green pasture rich in these legumes, negatively affect breeding (called clover infertility).
What a brill little plant!