“Combining the power of AI with a vision for a circular economy represents a significant, and as yet largely untapped, opportunity to harness one of the great technological developments of our time to support efforts to fundamentally reshape the economy into one that is regenerative, resilient, and fit for the long term.”
— “Artificial Intelligence and the Circular Economy,” Ellen MacArthur Foundation and Google
Facing the twin challenges of environmental sustainability and climate change, world political and economic leaders are considering proposals aimed at promoting a food system that can help address these global problems. The EAT Forum-Lancet Commission on Food, Health, and the Planet published a major study on sustainable food systems at this month’s World Economic Forum in Davos with new guidelines for a plant-based “planetary health diet.” Focusing on the role technology can play in promoting sustainable food systems, Google partnered with the Ellen MacArthur Foundation to produce “Artificial Intelligence and the Circular Economy,” an extended discussion of how AI could help develop an economy “in which growth is gradually decoupled from the consumption of finite resources.” An expansion of traditional calls to reduce, reuse, and recycle, the report reframes food and agriculture as well as consumer electronics “value chains” as part of the solution to pollution and waste. This circular approach calls for “redesigning our economy to be one that creates rather than extracts value, keeping finite technical resources in flow within the economy and protecting and regenerating biological systems.”
In particular, the new report focuses on the role small farmers like Refresh Working Group (RWG) member Karen Washington of Rise & Root Farm play in the circular economy, explaining how sourcing food locally contributes to a more sustainable food supply chain. To that end, it cites two organizations with a connection to the Refresh Working Group: FARMWAVE (Craig Ganssle and Chris Chan) and PlantVillage (Amanda Ramcharan). By developing AI tools for farmers to interpret, share, and leverage data, they are helping to make the most forward-thinking, sustainable practices accessible to all.
A circular economy needs local farmers, and local farmers need affordable tools. Food Tank, led by RWG member Danielle Nierenberg, has been at the forefront of discussing the role AI can play in empowering farmers, highlighting everything from facilitating precision weeding to recognizing plant diseases. In her film From Farms to Incubators, RWG member Amy Wu profiles women working in agriculture to develop new technologies to support farmers. Wu profiles HeavyConnect, a Salinas, CA startup that created a user-friendly app to help small farmers comply with food safety requirements, helping ensure they can thrive by delivering safe products in the most efficient, sustainable way possible.
In the film, HeavyConnect design engineer Rivka Garcia discusses the importance of collaborating with the farmers (i.e. the end users) she’s designing the app for: “We don’t want to come in and show them this is what you need to do. We’re also learning with them.” Her insight tracks one of the most important points in “Artificial Intelligence and the Circular Economy,” the key role that human expertise must play in developing these new AI tools: “For AI to prove solutions, such as the examples mentioned above, it not only requires the four steps of data collection, data engineering, algorithm development, and algorithm refinement, it also requires a clear understanding of the actual problem and what we specifically need AI to solve. Put simply, if humans cannot establish the relevant inputs and outputs clearly, a machine cannot solve a problem.”
By bringing together a range of experts, the Refresh Working Group is ideally situated to discuss the inputs and outputs that would characterize a circular food economy. That effort dovetails well with their individual and collective efforts to promote a more healthy, efficient, and just US food system.


Part of the Department of Food & Nutrition Policy
To educate future leaders at the nexus of agriculture, food, and environmental science and policy, and empower them by providing rigorous training, an ethic of social change, and an intellectual community generating visions and models of alternative systems.
The Agriculture, Food and Environment (AFE) program within the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy fuses the disciplines of nutrition, agricultural science, environmental studies, and public policy. We offer M.S., Ph.D. and combined degree programs, diverse community service and internship placements, and opportunities to participate in research on sustainable agriculture, local food systems, and consumer behavior related to food and the environment. Students in the AFE degree program learn to evaluate the ecological, political, economic and social aspects of food production and distribution. Faculty members come from the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.


For residents of Columbus, Ohio, Hoover Reservoir is a source of both recreation and drinking water for over half a million people. The city has made watershed management a priority to protect the area surrounding the reservoir. For residents and businesses adjacent to the reservoir banks, vegetative buffers are needed to prevent sediment and chemical runoff, and we can easily check the length of those buffers in Lens.
Through a stewardship program, landowners are provided with guidance and opportunities to manage their land to align with water protection goals. More broadly, the Big Walnut Creek watershed, in which the Hoover Reservoir is located, has conservation programs working with farmers to transition cropland to perennial vegetation and encourage cover crops, which yields benefits to both farmers and reduces sediment and fertilizer runoff into the reservoir. These vegetation changes can also be monitored in Lens.


It’s not all about digging!
Part of the permaculture process is to design a garden that fits the space, the conditions, the needs of the growers and works in harmony with the environment.
The Hawick Community Growing Team, led by Rachel, have settled upon a mandala style layout, with paths and a sitting area. Today the ground was being marked with chalk spray so that the planting area and paths could be layed out.
And at the other end of the garden, the team work to clear and chip the brash that has accumultaed during the garden clearing. The wood chip is an excellent mulch and goes straight onto the garden. No dig…no waste! Perfect permaculture!


Number of recruiters: 1 Education requirements: Bachelor degree or above Working years: Unlimited Professional requirements: agronomy Foreign language requirements: CET-4
The total supply of grain reserves is sufficient, and the effect of ensuring supply and price stability is remarkable
Food production is generally improving, coal production is growing steadily, and natural gas supply is stable and orderly... On November 16, the National Development and Reform Commission held a regul
Interpretation of "Administrative Measures for Crop Seed Production and Operation Licensing"
In accordance with the requirements of the "Seed Law", the implementation of the "two licenses" for seed production and seed management is a substantive combination of seed production licenses and bus
Two Offices Issued Opinions to Improve the "Three Rights Separation" Measures for Agricultural Land
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 30th. Xinhua News Agency was authorized to release on the 30th the "Opinions on Improving the Measures for the Separation of Rural Land Ownership and Management Ri
The 17th Guangdong Seed Industry Expo
On December 10~13, 2018, the 17th Guangdong Seed Industry Expo will be held at No. 30, Kemutang South Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, and Harvey Seed Industry welcomes your participation...
The 20th China International Agrochemicals and Plant Protection Exhibition
The 20th China International Agrochemicals and Plant Protection Exhibition will be held at Shanghai New International Expo Center from March 5th to 07th, 2019. Harvey Seed Industry looks forward to me


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Adjustable weight: the lawn roller can be filled with wet sand or concrete mix to increase or decrease the weight according to your preference. Environmentally friendly: our lawn roller is not only durable and efficient, but also features a stylish design that enhances the overall look of your garden.
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The gardebruk 26' tow-behind lawn roller has a 13' diameter metal roller which provides rustproof durability and has an impressive drum capacity of 110 lbs of water but can also be filled with sand.
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Equipped with a large drain/fill plug. It also features a scraper bar which prevents clumps of soil from being compacted on the roller drum, whilst the rounded edges of the roller prevent lawn damage. This connects them to the previously loosened soil so that they grow better. Rolling helps press the seed into the soil so that it doesn't wash away and expedites the germination process. It also makes the surface more resistant.
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Way out in Shavano Valley beyond cell service at the end of a dirt road, farm workers race the fall frost to pick yellow onions from the rural Western Slope soil bound for supermarkets across the United States in time for holiday recipes and dinner tables.
Onion farmers across Colorado know that have only a few days, hours really, to get their crop topped, collected, bagged, and stored before overnight temperatures drop below freezing beginning Sunday night.
Onions can handle a little frost, but much more beyond that and the crop could be too damaged to harvest.
"It looks like Sunday night, Monday night, Tuesday night, Wednesday night it's going to freeze, that's why we're on the hustle," said farmer John Harold. "As they say in the farming industry we're balls to the walls."
Harold whose company Tuxedo Corn grows the popular Olathe Sweet brand sweet corn, is one of many producers on the West Slope working to get yellow, white, and red onions out of the ground before Sunday's expected freeze.
According to the National Onion Association, farmers in the United States plant approximately 125,000 acres of onions each year and produce about 6.75 billion pounds of onions annually.
Earlier this month days of rain prevented workers from harvesting the onion fields. Some farmers hired helicopters to hover just above their fields with the intent to dry the ground so the workers could begin harvest.
"As a farmer you can't complain about moisture, but it sure did set us back and it's what put us in the bind that we're in now," Harold said.
Colorado is one of the largest producers of onions by volume in the United States. This is due to the state's ideal climate for growing and storing onions throughout the fall and winter months.
According to the National Onion Association, farmers in the United States plant approximately 125,000 acres of onions each year and produce about 6.75 billion pounds of onions annually. Colorado's higher altitude and colder winter months keep insect and plant diseases at a minimum, thereby reducing pesticide use and ensuring high-quality onions, according to Colorado State University.
Storage onions are generally harvested and shipped from September through March with other specialty varieties available seasonally.
Back in Montrose County, Harold is using multiple farm crews working alternating shifts day and night to get onions from the field into a sorting center, into 50-pound bags, and onto awaiting transport trucks.
This fall Harold is expecting to move seven to eight million pounds of onions to buyers ready to fill orders ahead of the Thanksgiving and Christmas holidays.
"You'll see in about 15 or so days the Thanksgiving push start where a lot of onions get sold, then there is a little slack and then the Christmas push-starts and then you lollygag through January until fresh onions come out of Mexico," Harold said.
Most of the onions produced by Harold and his company are bound for restaurant suppliers who buy and ship millions of pounds of onions around the country. This year, even as water shortage issues loom over the agriculture industry in Western Colorado, Harold said he's beginning to see more seed suppliers move back to the West Slope, which to him, is a good sign that demand and production remains strong for Western Slope grown food.


Get ready for turnout
When the days become longer and the grass turns greener, it signals one thing - the arrival of spring. British dairy and beef farmers around the country are busy behind the scenes, actively preparing to turn their cattle out to pasture. This shift necessitates meticulous planning to ensure the well-being of their herd. A primary consideration for farmers during turnout is the significant dietary change that spring grass represents for cattle. If not managed correctly this can impact the herds health and productivity throughout the year.
Gradually introducing livestock to their new diet is crucial. A common approach is to slowly introduce spring grass to livestock via strip grazing with electric fencing. This approach gives farmers control over grazing patterns and regulates the duration cows spend feeding on spring grass. By partitioning the field into designated sections, farmers can closely monitor daily intake and mitigate potential health issues whilst also optimising herd management. As well as this, farmers will also have to check on the condition of their electric fencing equipment. It is important to check the condition and quality of all aspects of electric fencing before the season to prepare properly for strip grazing during turnout. We have compiled a checklist for farmers getting ready for spring turnout:
1. Check your energiser(s):
Firstly, you should check that your Hotline energiser is working correctly. This is important as the safety of your livestock relies on your energiser to be operating efficiently. If you spot a fault with your energiser we offer a repair service where our expert technicians can get your energiser back up and running. This service now also comes with a 1 year warranty applied to repaired energisers to give you peace of mind for the season ahead. If you would like to book in an energiser repair then please call us on 01626 331188 or alternatively email our sales team at email@example.com.
2. Check your batteries:
Ahead of spring turnout it is also important to check your energiser batteries are also charged/full and ready for operation. If you are using a 12v leisure battery to power your energiser you can charge these using a battery charger. If you are using a 6v/9v internal battery you may need to replace them as they cannot be recharged. You can find replacement batteries at Hotline approved stockists either online or at your local store.
3. Check your fencing:
Time to check your fencing! Is your fencing secure and undamaged? This is one of the first checks you need to make in order to ensure the safety and security of your livestock. Closely check to make sure any of your posts need replacing and that your wire is secured and in good condition. In addition ensure that vegetation around the fence line is cut back and that your earthing is correct via correct use of earth stakes. After all steps are complete you can power up your fence and use a fence tester to check it is functioning correctly. If you are looking to save time during turnout, we now offer a 3:1 premium geared reel with 500m of polywire already wound on for your convenience: see here.


PRE98 BUBBA KUSH
Pre98 Bubba Kush is the famed Pre98 cut. The plant produces a bouquet of colorful, exquisitely beautiful flowers. When grown in colder temperatures the strain exhibits deep purple hues. This cut can be picked at 8 weeks, but it’s not recommended. A grower is far from getting superior quality flowers at 8 weeks. They may look good, but rest assured they are not! Pre98Bubba Kush needs 10 weeks to reach full maturity, potency and medicinal effectiveness.


The Plantation Park Heights Urban Farm
provides an oasis of fresh produce to residents of a food desert, and it provides a safe space and structure for neighborhood youth as they engage in farming activities in conjunction with older neighborhood volunteers. The American Farm Bureau Federation named it as one of the ten semi-finalists for its national 2021 Ag Innovation Challenge. It was created in 2014 on a six-acre site that had previously been vacant land.
Our presenter at this site will be the founder and Executive Director of Plantation Park Heights, Richard Francis
, widely known as “Farmer Chippy.” Farmer Chippy previously served as a field service engineer for Carl Zeiss Meditec AG and for GE Healthcare. He holds a B.S. from the University of Maryland Global Campus and is the co-founder of Trinidad & Tobago International Farmers.
The second location for our outing will be Hidden Waters Farm and Market
, a 110-acre organic farm that produces beef, pork, poultry and produce. The farm is committed to regenerative agriculture focused on a symbiotic relationship between the livestock and their environment to create a unique and healthy ecosystem where all thrive and high quality, local products are made available to the community.
, the owner of Hidden Waters Farm and Market, will be our presenter at this site. Tom also is founder of LaTerra Homes, an Annapolis-based developer of apartment and for-sale residential communities. Previously, Tom was a Partner at the Bozzuto Group where he oversaw its apartment development operations and later its home building division. He is a registered architect with a B.A. from the University of Illinois and a Masters in Real Estate Development from Columbia University. Tom grew up on a farm in Illinois. He has served as President of the Maryland Builders Industry Association (MBIA) and various non-profit boards.
If you have any questions, please contact:
President, Baltimore Chapter


The rapid growth of human civilisation is colliding with approaching limits to the supply of key natural resources. Due to climate change, the planet's life-support systems are running down, posing a threat to humanity's ability to produce even the amount of food produced today because agriculture is very sensitive to weather and climate. It also relies heavily on land, water, and other natural resources that are affected by climate change. Climate change has already affected the quantity of food produced globally, even though it is small compared to the significant increase in global food production. A study of global vegetable and legume production concluded that if Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions continue on their current trajectory, food production could decline by 35 per cent by 2100 due to water scarcity, increased salinity, and topsoil depletion.
Wheat is the most important staple crop in temperate zones and is in increasing demand in countries undergoing urbanisation and industrialisation. It is one of the crops most susceptible to the effects of climate change. Studies reveal that…read more on NOPR


Sour ｜ Tangy｜ Sweet
The tamarind tree is a tall, evergreen tree that belongs to the bean family. It can reach up to 30m in height and is known for its fruit pods that contain edible pulp with a sweet and sour taste.
partially dried and fibrous, is immersed in hot water, mashed into a paste, and strained through a sieve to produce a flavored liquid.
and flowers are also edible
Ready-to-use tamarind are available for convenience, eliminating the need for any additional preparation.
contain up to 10 seeds surrounded by a sticky pulp
Thailand is known for producing some of the best quality tamarind in the world due to its ideal climate, fertile soil, and skilled farmers. Our tamarind is carefully harvested and processed to maintain its natural sourness, sweetness and aroma.
By sourcing our tamarind locally, we are able to provide our customers with the highest quality product while supporting local farmers and communities.
Our sour Thai tamarind is the heart and soul of our business. It is known for its superior quality and taste, and is highly sought after by chefs and food enthusiasts around the world.
Our tamarind is sourced directly from the fertile lands of Thailand, where it grows in abundance. Under the brand "AAA MOUNTAIN", we carefully select only the best quality tamarind pods for processing, ensuring that the sour taste and unique aroma are preserved in each and every batch.
Sour tamarind is widely used in many cuisines around the world, including Thai, Indian, and Mexican. It is a versatile ingredient that adds depth and complexity to both sweet and savory dishes, and is loved for its tangy flavor and distinctive texture.
But sour Thai tamarind is more than just a delicious ingredient – it also has many health benefits. It is high in vitamins and minerals, including vitamin C, potassium, and magnesium. It is also a good source of fiber and antioxidants, and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.
At JOME CHAOPHRAYA Co., Ltd., we are committed to producing the highest quality sour tamarind products for our customers. From our AAA MOUNTAIN BRAND tamarind concentrates to our seedless tamarind blocks, we strive to showcase the unique flavor and health benefits of this amazing ingredient to the world.


I love sunflowers because they are beautiful, colorful and cheerful. They also smell so good! I love their vibrant colors, and the way they grow so happily in the sun. They even make me feel like I’m part of the earth. They are energy-rich, so that’s another reason why it would be a good idea to put them around your house. I’ve compiled a list of my favorite types of sunflower varieties below- check out the gorgeous pictures!
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a highly productive agricultural crop widely used for food, fodder, and decorative purposes. These bright, incredibly sunny flowers create a unique flavor of country style in the garden, which makes it especially attractive and interesting while creating a positive mood and vitality.
To date, there are more than 300 varieties and hybrids of sunflower on sale with various colors of elegant baskets, from yellow to bright red and even brown, and some varieties have a three-color, very colorful and unusual color. Among them, there are low-growing plants that are good in group plantings, great for decorating flower beds, borders, for growing in pot culture, and this group of sunflowers is well worth cutting.
High varieties are good against the background of a wicker fence, fence. From sunflowers, you can create a wonderful hedge or curtain up to 3.5-5 meters high.
Considering sunflower as a crop, one cannot ignore its productivity for grain, and especially its nutritional value. After all, everyone knows the taste of sunflower seeds since childhood, and the ancient Incas knew about its beneficial properties.
How to care for the sunflower
Even for an unpretentious culture, care is important. As for sunflowers, they need to be watered, fertilized, tied up, and treated against pests.
Since the sunflower is a very moisture-loving plant, watering is needed abundantly and regularly. As a rule, one watering per day should be enough, but in severe drought, their number increases up to 2-3 times a day.
The garter helps the tall sunflower not to break or bend from the wind and from the weight of the seeds. Since the plant is usually tall, without a garter it can fall and be damaged. If the culture is planted in a windless place, next to a fence that has a protective and supportive effect, then you can do without it.
Sunflower loves potassium and does not tolerate nitrogen fertilizers well. When there is a lot of nitrogen in the soil, the plant is more susceptible to various diseases and it may turn out that the seeds of sunflower grown on such soil will be empty. When fertilized with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, bees pollinate sunflowers well, and the seeds grow full, large, and tasty. Fertilizer should be applied during planting, after watering, or the first weeding.
19+ Beautiful Sunflower Varieties
1. Annual sunflower (Helianthus annuus) – the most widespread species in culture.
The Annual sunflower is the most famous species of the genus Sunflower from the Astrovye family. North America is recognized as the place of origin of the plant, from where it spread throughout the world. At first, it was grown only for decorative purposes. Only from the 19th century, the sunflower began to be used to obtain vegetable oil.
In full accordance with the species name, the life span of this representative of this common sunflower is limited to one season. The annual sunflower has a tap root system that penetrates into the deep layers of the soil. A dense, coarsely pubescent, erect stem rises majestically above the ground. The standard height ranges from 1.5–2.5 meters. However, often woody stems at the end of life reach 4–5 meters.
Large dark green leaves are oval-heart-shaped with beautiful yellow petals. They are located alternately, the lower ones are attached to the shoot with petioles, the upper ones are sessile. Leaf-blades with a sharp tip and serrated edges are covered with hard hairs. Longitudinal veins are visible. The plant has a complex inflorescence – a basket. The marginal flowers are bright yellow, sterile. Numerous tubular flowers are bisexual. After cross-pollination, fruits are set, which are oblong achenes. What gorgeous flower heads. You’ll often see them winning prizes at county fairs.
2. Holly sunflower (Helianthus argophyllus)
This is a wild variety of sunflower native to North America and belongs to the secondary gene pool of cultivated sunflower. This means that the H. argophyllus species is more different from the cultivated species, and despite some reproductive barriers between it and its cultivated relative, the holly sunflower can be crossed with the cultivated sunflower to obtain fertile offspring.
Several properties of interest have been found in Helianthus argophyllus, including downy mildew tolerance and drought tolerance. One of the more beautiful traditional sunflowers.
3. Red-stemmed sunflower (Helianthus atrorubens)
The inflorescence is numerous, 8 cm in diameter, golden-yellow with a purple-red center, well suited for cutting. Flowering in late August-September. The leaves are oval, dark green, rough. Peduncles 120-150 cm high, powerful, straight, reddish. The soil is loose, fertile, well-drained. The planting site must be sunny- especially since the birds will love hanging out by them!
4. Maximilian sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani) is a North American sunflower species.
Maximilian sunflower is a North American type of sunflower, a branching perennial herb that forms a thick rhizome and reaches a height of up to 3 m. The native land of Maximilian sunflower is the Great Plains in central North America.
Both the wild species and the resulting hybrids are highly decorative. During flowering, its sturdy stems are covered from top to bottom with numerous golden-yellow, wide-open flowers with a diameter of 7 cm, exuding the sweet aroma of chocolate. By winter, the tall, thin stems of the plant die off, but in the spring the plant perfectly restores its aboveground part. The plant propagates by seeds and vegetatively from the rhizome. What a sturdy stalk!
5. Tuberous sunflower (Helianthus Tuberosus)
The herbaceous perennial came to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia from the New World. Native Americans cultivated this plant thousands of years ago.
Like all members of the genus, the flower has a powerful root system with multiple underground shoots. They form tubers of various shapes (round, fusiform, pear-shaped) and colors (white, yellow, brown, purple).
The erect stem of the Tuberous Sunflower branches in the upper part grows up to 3 meters in height. The leaves are attached to the shoot with petioles. The leaf blades are large, heart-shaped, with a pointed tip and jagged edges. The foliage is painted dark green.
At the end of summer, it is time for flowering. At the tops of the stems, basket inflorescences bloom. The marginal flowers are golden, the middle ones are yellow. After cross-pollination, the fruits are tied – achenes.
Hybrid varieties are the result of the work of breeders. Their main drawback is that they are all annuals. At the same time, their yields are about 15% higher, most hybrids are suitable for any application- with their great beauty. It’s the perfect sunflower and great for flower lovers who like a splash of color. Make sure to pay attention to the soil type!
Popular sunflower hybrids
Choosing The Right Sunflower Variety For You
6. Hybrid sunflower type “Jason”
The flower was bred in Serbia. The plant is typically tall for this species, growing in height up to 160-185 cm.
The growing season takes noticeably 107-110 days, which makes it possible to classify this variety is early maturing. The basket of “Jason” is medium-sized, up to 18-24 cm in diameter, slightly flattened.
The seeds are gray-striped, the oils in them are about 49.7-50.4%. The flowering and ripening periods in plants of the hybrid variety “Jason” are uniform. The direction is established as an oilseed. The maximum yield per hectare is approximately 4-4.2 tons of sunflowers.
Plants of this variety grow quietly in conditions of too dense planting, do not crumble, are well resistant to lodging, but can be severely affected by severe drought and heat. As for diseases, no type of dew will harm the sunflower, but various types of rot can slightly spoil the crop. What beautiful flowers!
7. Sunflower variety “Lux”
This type of sunflower is the result of a careful selection of plants of the variety “Donskoy Krupnoplodny”. Thanks to such a good “parent”, “Lux” sunflowers are not susceptible to various diseases that affect the so-called confectionery sunflowers.
This variety is highly productive, but its ripeness group is medium. The growing season is delayed, on average, for 100-105 days, which makes it possible to classify “Lux” as an early variety. The yield is very high, on average 3.2-3.4 tons of sunflowers can be obtained per hectare of field.
Sunflowers of the “Lux” variety are not affected at all by different types of rot, verticilosis, and phomopsis, but may suffer a little from downy mildew. Also, this sunflower is an excellent honey plant. It is characterized by a fairly high drought tolerance, grows well in all soils and climates. For “Lux” thickening is detrimental.
8. “Nut” Sunflower
It was bred as a result of the selection of confectionery varieties “Lakomka” and “SPK”. Refers to early maturing. Suitable for growing in any conditions that are technically suitable for the cultivation of this crop.
Sunflowers of the “Nut” variety are not tall, on average 160-170 cm, and grow in 103-104 days. The seeds are black, covered with longitudinal stripes of dark gray. The achene is oval-oblong in shape, large in size – 1000 seeds weigh 145-150 grams if the norms of growing density were observed.
Plants bloom and ripen together, seeds are tied even in the worst climatic conditions. The yield is very high, 3.2-3.5 tons of harvest per hectare. They have genetically innate immunity to broomrape and sunflower moths, almost not susceptible to damage to downy mildew and phomopsis.
9. Sunflower variety “Lakomka”
— zsuzsa (@CsuryZsuzsa) August 4, 2019
The “parents” of this variety are the biotypes of the “SPK” variety, which underwent a careful single selection. “Lakomka” is a large-fruited mid-season variety that ripens quickly enough – in 105-110 days. Flowering and ripening are aligned. The bushes are very high, up to 1.9 m, the basket is lowered, convex in the area of attachment of seeds, of medium diameter.
Does not wither in the heat, does not crumble, and does not lie down. It is immune to moths, broomrape, powdery mildew.
10. Variety “Forward” Hybrid
As a result of selection, it acquired resistance to sclerotinia, sunflower broomrape races, and phomopsis. Almost does not suffer from various types of rot and downy mildew. Refers to medium early varieties. Vegetation takes 104-108 days. At the initial stages, it develops very quickly, does not suffer from a lack of moisture and high temperatures, the stems do not lodge, and the plants themselves ripen very amicably, and the height of the stems throughout the field is almost the same, which makes it easy to harvest.
Plants reach a height of 182-187 cm, or 6 feet tall at maximum height. The diameter of the basket is 15-20 cm, it is slightly convex in shape, lowered down. The direction of this sunflower hybrid is oilseed since the percentage of vegetable fat in the kernels reaches 49.3-49.7%. What beautiful blooms and great for floral arrangements.
11. Variety “Oliver”
A hybrid of Serbian production with very short ripening periods (90-95 days). The plants themselves are low, 135-145 cm in height, do not branch, with a powerful root system that penetrates to a depth of 1.5-2 m. Baskets are of medium size, thin, due to which they very actively lose water, flat in shape, even in the area where the seeds are attached. Seeds are medium, the wide ovoid, dark, weight of 1000 pieces is equal to 60-70 grams.
The shell layer of the seeds is well developed, the husk content is 22-24%. Oils in seeds are not less than 47-49%, which determines the direction of sunflowers of this variety – oil. The oil yield is 1128 kg per hectare.
The yield is 23.5 centners per hectare, but with good care and proper planting, the figure can reach 45 centners. As for diseases, neither downy mildew, nor rust, nor sunflower moth will harm the plants of this variety. Also, these sunflowers have rather high indicators of resistance to drought and heat.
12. Sunflower variety “Rimisol”
Hybrid oilseed sunflower. The growing season is delayed by 106-110 days. Sunflowers of the “Rimisol” variety are characterized by high nectar productivity, as well as lack of reaction to a lack of moisture. With proper care of plants from 1 hectare of area, you can get more than 40 centners of the crop, which is a fairly good indicator.
Plants reach a height of 140-160 cm, with a rather thick stem, a large number of leaves, a well-developed root system, which will “get” moisture even from a depth of 1.5-2 m. The Rimisol basket has a diameter of 19-22 cm, tilted downward, convex, rather thin.
The seeds are black, elongated, the weight of 1000 pieces is, on average, 75 g. At the initial stages of development, plants grow very quickly. The kernels contain about 46-48% of oils, the husk content is kept at the level of 21-23%.
13. Sunflower variety “Atilla”
Belongs to super-early varieties, ripens in 95-100 days. The first shoots can be seen already 58-60 days after planting. It has a particularly strong resistance to diseases of various kinds, it takes root well in a wide variety of soils.
The Atilla plants themselves are tall (160-165 cm), with a flat, half-inclined basket, the diameter of which reaches 22-24 cm. The percentage of oil in the seed kernels is 51-52%, and the husk content is 20-22%. Plants withstand temperature extremes, lack of moisture, and heat well. Almost all types of diseases do not affect sunflowers of this variety, even phomopsis, rust, and all types of rot. The variety is quite resistant to the sunflower moth. Lookout for edible seeds and useful sunflower oil.
14. Variety “Prometheus” A very early variety, the productivity of which is extremely high.
Plants have time to fully form in less than 95 days. They are rather low (140 cm), with an average basket with a diameter of 18-22 cm. The potential yield is 38 centners per hectare, the average indicators are kept at the level of 25-27 centners. 1000 seeds weigh about 65-70 grams, oils in them are from 50 to 52%.
The drought tolerance of these sunflowers is excellent. There is also immunity against broomrape, downy mildew, rust. Rot can spoil the crop a little. Plants respond well to feeding.
15. Sunflower Variety “Flagman”
An early variety of sunflower with a growing season of 90-94 days. Plants are very tall, more than 2 meters in height. The seeds are elongated, oval in shape, 1000 seeds will weigh 60-65 g. They contain a lot of vegetable oil – up to 55%, which makes this particular variety indispensable in the production of the product.
This variety of sunflower is distinguished by its high technology, it responds perfectly to the high agricultural background. It quickly adapts to the new conditions of the place where these plants are grown. It is not affected by powdery mildew, broomrape, it is highly tolerant to phomopsis.
16. Variety “SPK”
The ‘SPK’ variety is the most popular and demanded on the market. It is rightfully considered the best honey plant among the known sunflower hybrids and varieties. The period of active vegetation is up to 90 days. It loves space, it is advisable to pickle the seeds before planting, as he is susceptible to disease.
17. Sunflower type “Bogdan”
? Here's something sunny to brighten up your Saturday! ?
We've loved having a look through all of the beautiful blooming entries to the community run contest 'Sunflowers', like this stunning snapshot by Bogdan Zarkowski.
Click here to enter your shots: https://t.co/LC1KadxWLP pic.twitter.com/NMosgzS6bx
— Photocrowd (@photocrowd) September 22, 2018
Suitable for cultivation on impoverished soils, capable of producing up to 50 centners of seeds per 1 hectare. The kernels are large, the oil content is up to 50%. Differs in high resistance to the vast majority of diseases.
is characterized by large seeds with an oil content of up to 52%. An average of 43 quintals can be harvested from 1 hectare. The variety is resistant to most common diseases.
19. “Rigid” sunflower (Helianthus rigidus) –
is a plant up to 1.5 m tall, which in autumn dissolves dark yellow baskets up to 8 cm in diameter. Decorative forms differ in the size of the inflorescence and the number of reed flowers and are characterized by a longer flowering period (more than three weeks).
Hi, my name’s Elena Coolidge. I’m a DIY enthusiast who loves building fun woodworking plans. These DIY plans are fun hobby projects for enthusiasts or even more advanced builders that want to build things like bunk beds, end tables or even a duck box!


Located in downtown Nassau, the BAMSI store and Distribution Centre is the central point through which most of BAMSI’s produce is received, distributed and sold.
With over 200 customers and nearly 20 food processors providing their goods for sale through the Distribution Centre, BAMSI’s portfolio is rapidly gaining consumer acceptance. BAMSI bananas are now sold in major food stores across the country and Super Value has named BAMSI as its supplier of choice for its high quality agricultural produce. BAMSI products are also sold to a number of restaurants both in Nassau and across the Family Islands.
In addition to its work with suppliers, each week, the BAMSI store features fresh produce in-house received directly from the farm in Andros and Associated Farmers in Abaco, which consumers can purchase at competitive and affordable prices. The store also features a range of locally processed jams, sauces, dried herbs and honey from all over The Bahamas.
The BAMSI Distribution centre is constantly modernizing and growing. Cooling facilities have recently been installed to ensure that produce sold is of the highest quality.
Gladstone Road Agriculture Centre (GRAC):
The Gladstone Road Agriculture Centre (GRAC) is a pivotal player in the industry, supporting BAMSI’s overall goals of increasing food and nutrition security.
As part of BAMSI’s mandate, GRAC will mirror the operation currently based in Andros. The academic, research and extension themes found in the Family Islands will be instituted in the New Providence office. The objective is to increase the number of farmers, to help them develop better methods in agriculture, to improve research capabilities in the industry and to help the general public become more involved in urban agriculture.
The Institute offers teaching and training to provide the professional and technical qualifications necessary for various branches of agriculture and marine resources and to provide strong academic training and extensive hands-on orientation in crop and livestock production, farm management, environment conservation, agri-business and management of marine resources.
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It's been a while since the last post, I admit.
Since then I have completed the chicken coop the way I wanted it for the summer. I'm not sure yet as to whether this will last throughout the winter so instead of walls I've surrounded the 4 sides of the coop in heavy duty chicken wire, leaving one side unattached aside from a hook that keeps it closed so that I would have access to the inside.
Unfortunately I learned about 2 weeks ago the lesson that a door only works when it is closed. With a heavy heart, I'm sad to announce that one night the door was left unhooked and with the tenacity of a hungry stray cat, the door flew open and released all the chicks. From the there it was a game of cat and mouse or rather cat and chick. Another of the Golden Comets was taken in the night as the others ran for cover under the large squash leaves growing in the garden. By the time I had awoken the next morning to feed them, my mother had already coerced the still shaken chicks out from under the crops and placed them back in their coop, doors hooked and all.
I've also used the remaining chicken wire to fence off a section of the back yard, under a big cherry tree, for the girls to roam free in and peck at the bugs. The bird seed that they end up kicking out of the coop as they scratch and peck at their mixed feed ends up in the run and after a few rain storms grew into a nice thick patch of grass that the girls just go crazy for. It's probably their most favorite food. That and any type of weeds I can find growing in the cracks on the ground.
Pictures will come in the next post.


Los Angeles apartment dwellers could probably make use of a community composting initiative.
If you have a lawn or garden, you can easily transform food scraps into healthy, eco-friendly, compost. All you need to compost is basically a bin with holes at the bottom. But apartment-dwellers who don’t want to send fruit peels and veggie pieces to the landfill have a harder go of it. You need more involved equipment — and have to get more involved yourself.
This is why I haven’t started composting yet.
In fact, none of my local green, apartment-dwelling friends compost. And it’s not cuz we’re lazy!
It’s just tough to compost indoors. Jenn of Tiny Choices wrote a great post about the 4 ways to compost indoors. Guess what: Jenn doesn’t compost herself.
Are you a successful apartment composter? Share your story [email@example.com] to encourage us all, and I’ll include them in a future post. In the meantime, I’m going to figure out how I can push Santa Monica, the city I live in, to give us green bins we can put our food scraps in for city composting. Homeowners get these green bins, but not apartment dwellers.
Composting indoors is a challenge but if you have no outside compost bin, then a combination of using bokashi and a worm bin* may do the job.


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What fruit do you wish to bear in your life?
Whether it's a baby, a career, a health goal, or a dream, a nourishing diet is one of the foundations of a vibrant, fruitful life.
How will you cultivate the rich, fertile soil necessary for your fruit to ripen?
Whole, natural, clean, simple foods provide optimal fuel for your body, mind, and soul to face life's great adventure. Allow me to gently work the soil alongside you, to tend to the roots. May your harvest be bountiful!
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Indian Rice is globally appreciated variety of rice for their rich taste and tempting aroma. It is widely used for making biryanis, fried rice, pulao, and other dishes in various restaurants, hotels or homes. This rice is enriched with energy, carbohydrates, and other nutrition. It has longer grains that are perfectly aged as well as has longer shelf life. This variety of rice requires less cooking time and retains the good amount of moisture.
Yellow Chickpeas are extensively used by chefs and ladies for preparing different types of traditional Indian dishes. These chickpeas are high in fiber content and proteins, making them healthy and safe to consume for everyone. The chickpeas of high-quality packed & stored under hygienic conditions in moisture proof packagings to protect them from contamination. They have a good shelf life as well as makes cooking various dishes easy by consuming less preparation time. These chickpeas are highly demanded at hotels, restaurants, food corners, homes, canteens and food centers for their freshness & natural taste.
Sesame seeds are one the most widely used oilseed crops and have one of the highest oil contents than any other seed. The oil of sesame is extracted from high-quality seeds by the cold pressing process. The oil is light in color with a delightful aroma and enhances the flavor of any dish. They are 100% pure and contain natural minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. These seeds are considered as healthy cooking option as they have zero cholesterol and zero trans-fat. They also act as an anti-depressive, helps in preventing diabetes, and used in various ayurvedic medicines.
Indian Spices are produced by grounding the various ingredients such as cumin, turmeric roots, chili, pepper, coriander seeds, black cardamom, cinnamon, and other such herbs obtained from various plants. They are highly used in various food industries and restaurants for coloring and flavoring of the food products as well as for curing and preserving of meat products. These spices possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as well as have various health benefits such as aid in the relief from nausea, dysentery or dyspepsia and stimulation of appetite.
Coffee Beans are the seed of coffee plant that is roasted and grounded to produce coffee powder. These seeds are also used for flavoring and preparing cakes, cookies, candies or beverages. They are cleaned and hygienically processed to remove any unhealthy or immature seeds. These beans are also a rich source of various essential minerals like carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, lipids as well as a rich source of antioxidants. They also help in reducing inflammation and lowering the risk of heart diseases.


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We are an acclaimed manufacturer, exporter and supplier Service Provider of Storage Silo like Powder Silo, Pickling Passivation, Pickling Passivation and others. The offered silos are considered ideal to temporary store different kinds of food and non-food grade materials under the favorable conditions. This silo is fabricated by our seasoned professionals using optimal quality metal alloys and ultramodern techniques in tune with international standards. Available in different designs and capacities, this Storage Silo can be purchased from us at competitive prices.


3 edition of Championing urban farmers in Kampala found in the catalog.
Championing urban farmers in Kampala
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).
|Statement||Hooton, N. ... [et al.].|
|Series||ILRI research report -- no. 2|
|Contributions||Hooton, N., International Livestock Research Institute.|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||92 p. :|
|Number of Pages||92|
|LC Control Number||2008349762|
Urban farming is also taking off in a big way in some developing countries, including Uganda. Although expanding agricultural production and distribution in rural communities is an important way to help families break the cycle of generational poverty, people living in cities also need support. urban appraisal, the enterprises of major importance to urban and peri-urban farmers were established and ranked. The Ansoff product-market growth matrix (Kotler, ) was used as a tool for planning the survey in terms of growth alternatives, based on the perceived opportunities and constraints of urban and peri-urban farmers in Kampala.
Even in Kampala, the capital city with an estimated population of million, where urban and suburban land pressures are highest, agriculture, including livestock husbandry, remains a component of the livelihood strategies many urban households pursue (Hooton et al., ). Urban-rural divides in Uganda, at least spatially, are not sharply. But in a very classic monocentric model, Kampala extends and agricultural land prices are going up. “Farmers now compete for available land with urban-type developments” (p), such as housing, recreational facilities, and brick making activities. The latter has actually become a structuring income generative activity for Kampala.
To limit their risk, farmers now have a chance to buy insurance cover for crops and livestock after insurance companies, led by Lions Assurance, introduced the first ever agrinsurance product. The capital Kampala is the lively, creative and ever-evolving heart of the new Uganda. It is a brash and fast-moving city of contrasts. The open-air markets of the city’s urban farmers sit next to modern high-rises. It’s the city of soca rhythms and Phiona Mutesi, Uganda’s year-old slum-born chess master. Kampala is changing.
Gender, Class and Rural Transition
Supreme Court and civil liberties
Degree course guides.
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Windmills & watermills
Requirements and feasibility of assistance to the civil aviation program in Guinea
Chevrolet small-block V-8
army of the Rajputs
national short line railroad database project, 1996-1997
reciprocal tariff policy and the proposed government spending programme
Championing Urban Farmers in Kampala: Influences on Local Policy Change in Uganda: Process and Partnership for Pro-Poor Policy Change on *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Download Book Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala in PDF format.
You can Read Online Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala here in PDF, EPUB, Mobi or Docx formats. Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala Author: ISBN: Genre: Agriculture and state. Championing Urban Farmers in Kampala: Influences on Local Policy Change in Uganda: Process and Partnership for Pro-Poor Policy Change: International Livestock Research Institu: Books - at: Hardcover.
Download Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala ebook PDF or Read Online books in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format. Click Download or Read Online button to Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala book pdf for free now.
Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala. Author: ISBN: Genre: Agriculture and state. championing urban farmers in kampala Download championing urban farmers in kampala or read online books in PDF, EPUB, Tuebl, and Mobi Format. Click Download or Read Online Championing urban farmers in Kampala book to get championing urban farmers in kampala book now.
This site is like a library, Use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Championing urban farmers in Kampala. Influences on local policy change in Uganda. Process and partnership for pro-poor policy change.
CHAMPIONING URBAN FARMERS IN KAMPALA ; INFLUENCES ON LOCAL POLICY CHANGE IN UGANDA 10 Executive summary Introduction This working paper presents an analysis of actors, events and inﬂuences affecting a policy change on urban agriculture in Kampala.
It. The paper presents preliminary findings on information search and acquisition mechanisms in contributing to reduction or exacerbated urban food insecurity among urban farmers in Kampala district in Uganda.
An information seeking and use model for urban farmers will be designed. Urban Farming In Kampala. With the exception of a small group of commercially-oriented farmers, urban agriculture in Kampala represents a form of semi-proletarianism, or relying on a measure of cash income (labor market participation or petty trading) as well as on home-production for direct consumption.
The Urban Farmer is simply the best guide out there for anyone wanting to grow vegetables for full of practical information on costs, business planning, the best crops to grow, how much land to farm, growing techniques, and how to develop markets, this book covers it all.
Hooton, N, Lee-Smith, D, Nasinyama, G & Romney, D‘Championing urban farmers in Kampala; influences on local policy change in Uganda’, ILRI/ODI/KUFSALCC/Urban Harvest Working Paper, ILRI Research Report 2, ILRI, Nairobi.
Urban farming in Kampala Although over two-thirds of Uganda’s population live in rural areas, populations are exploding in urban areas too. In Kampala, Uganda's capital, there are over Hooton N., Lee-Smith D., Nasinyama G.W., Romney D.(): Championing urban farmers in Kampala; Influences on local policy change in Uganda.
ILRI Research Report No Abstract This paper is based on a research that was carried out in two selected divisions of Nakawa and Makindye in Kampala City, Uganda, in The focus of the is on the importance of urban agriculture to urban dwellers' livelihoods and specifically to women who dominate the informal sector.
Download Kampala ebook PDF or Read Online books in PDF, EPUB, and Mobi Format. Click Download or Read Online button to Kampala book pdf for free now. Kampala City Handbook. Championing Urban Farmers In Kampala. Author: ISBN: Genre: Agriculture and state File Size: MB Format: PDF, Mobi Download: Read: " The Urban Farmer is simply the best guide out there for anyone wanting to grow vegetables for market.
Chock full of practical information on costs, business planning, the best crops to grow, how much land to farm, growing techniques, and how to develop markets, this book covers it all. The Oranjezicht City Farm has captured the imagination of Cape Town and beyond, championing urban farming and better access to healthy food.
Book. Full-text available. Feb ; Urban Agriculture Policy Prospects Kenya Ayaga et al Championing Urban Farmers in Kampala, Influences on Local Policy Change in Uganda. Book. Download advocacy championing ideas and influencing others ebook free in PDF and EPUB Format. advocacy championing ideas and influencing others also available in docx and mobi.
Read advocacy championing ideas and influencing others online, read in mobile or Kindle. Hello my beloved fellow farmers, i great in the name of our lord Jesus Christ. This information is for all urban farmers who would like to grow vegetables but have small land.
I am here to solve your problem with a new way of growing vegetables. This is called sack gardening, growing crops vertically. Small land is no longer an issue with me.The fast growth in urban population coupled with rural-urban migration has resulted into continued growth of slum and squatter settlements, accompanied by food insecurity in Kampala city.
As lack of food increases and life for the urban dwellers becomes more complex, urban agriculture is viewed as one of the alternative survival strategies.Kampala derives its name from Uganda’s largest city and is spread haphazardly over seven hills.
As the sun sets on Kampala, the majestic 7 mountains are bound to catch your eye. The farm offers 6 houses along with guest rooms, which can accommodate up to 60 individuals. Come and explore all that nature has to offer at Kampala!”.


Sprinkler Installation and Repair for Duncanville, TX
Summer temperatures in Duncanville, TX, often hover around the 90- to 100-degree range, so if you want your lawn to keep looking fresh throughout the summer, you need to water it regularly. At Abundant Water Sprinkler, we can provide the sprinkler installation or repair service you need to keep your lawn lush.
Automate Your Lawn Care
Whether you use a hose or a sprinkler system, you may not yet have experienced the convenience that is automated lawn care. You may need to drag a manual sprinkler to different spots in the yard or turn your sprinklers on and then off every time you want to water.
At Abundant Water Sprinkler, we can install a sprinkler system that can water your yard automatically and efficiently. You can choose the time it turns your sprinklers on so it won't interfere with any activities, and you can even schedule it for a part of the day when the water is least likely to evaporate, thereby conserving water and giving your grass more water than it would get otherwise.
If you already have automatic sprinklers but they are less efficient than you'd like, give us a call - we may be able to find the inefficiency and fix it with our sprinkler repair services.
Whatever sprinkler services you need, contact us. We are happy to help.


Chains are an indispensable tool in agriculture and especially in forestry. They are used in different lengths and thicknesses, depending on the power of the tractor and the winch. Our company offers different chain dimensions (material quality 10, manufacturer’s attestation is provided). We cut the chains for you to desired lengths and equip them with different hooks and slide rings as per your request.
Our years of experience also helped us develop the installation chain link used for repair of forestry and snow chains. This link makes chain repair easy and ensures the same characteristics it had prior to the chain breakdown. The image of the chain and the installation chain link shows a simple assembly of the installation piece.
WE OFFER THE FOLLOWING CHAINS (manufacturer Řetězárna):
- chain 6 mm round or square, weight approx. 800 g for 1 meter of chain
- chain 7 mm round or square, weight approx. 1,050 g for 1 meter of chain
- chain 8 mm round or square, weight approx. 1,600 g for 1 meter of chain
Chain quality: with designation 10, blue, test carried out.


Computers and computer hardware are designed to make work go faster. Ever faster and smaller chips and processors are what are always being developed in countless research facilities and labs. But what can computers do when you are in a business that can’t be hurried or rushed at all?
When you are in the business of growing grapes, running a vineyard and making wine you still rely on computers for a great deal of information. Thanks to advances in technology, computers are helping to increase yields and improve harvests despite the challenges an especially wet or dry growing season may present.
Vineyards can have a variety of different microclimates running through them. And the moisture requirements to achieve the maximum potential for the growing grapes can be radically different. That is where some enterprising vineyard owners have begun installing wireless moisture sensor stations around the various areas of their vineyards. Some areas may be composed of a softer clay-like soilthat can hold moisture, where another area could be made up of a sandier soil which could dry out faster. These stations can measure the moisture level of a particular area, process the data and then transmit the information to a desktop computer.
With such information a manager could tell how to make the best and most efficient use of irrigation for the different needs of each area. The systems have proven to provide energy, water and considerable money savings. With constantly updated knowledge of moisture levels, no more water than is absolutely necessary has to be trucked in.
Harvests from years when the systems were operational have turned out to be the largest yields with the most mature grapes that had been grown to date.
While grapes and wine will always take their own sweet time to reach maturity it is advances in computer hardware that can help them along the way.


Host Daniel Geneen learns about growing, harvesting, and eating crawfish from Louisiana farmer Mike Frugé
About 40 years ago, rice farmers like Mike Frugé of Frugé Aquafarms and Cajun Crawfish figured out that the two year growing cycle of crawfish synced perfectly with the two year cycle of the rice crop. Now, rice fields are seeded with baby crawfish every other year, creating a new source of food and income for farmers. Host Daniel Geneen visited the farm in Louisiana to see how over a million crawfish are harvested each year.
“If you just came out into this field when we first planted it and just dumped crawfish out here with no cover, the birds would get them all in a matter of hours, or the heat would get them,” explains Frugé, as he and Geneen wade into the flooded rice fields, where tall grass covers the crawfish swimming in … Read more


If you haven’t eaten cabbage in a while we urge you to look again address healthy unsung hero of the vegetable world.
Cabbage which is often lumped into the same category as lettuce because of their similar appearances is actually a part of the cruciferous vegetable family.
Cabbage is one of the most consumed vegetables in India as well as in other countries. but not everyone knows that is also one of the most nutritious vegetables out there.
It is loaded with several essential vitamins and minerals and is good for the digestive system like skin, hair and immune system. Cabbage also has healing properties which also have a mention in Ayurveda.
Before we had the little greenhouse that enables us to grow salad and cooking grains all winter we grew between 50 and 100 green 900 cabbages each year and get them all.
I loved looking at them as they give you like gained flowers in the garden then as they rested side buy side in the root cellar.
Lost spring was the first time in 40 plus years of gardening that I did not grow a single cabbage and I found myself wishing I had especially red cabbage despite having more vegetables than our now to person household knows what to do with.
Cabbage can vary in color from green to red and purple and the leaves can be smooth or crinkled. there is a range of cabbage products available for purchase online and the cabbage may help to protect against radiation and reduce heart disease risk.
with less than 20 calories in half cup cooked it is your vegetable worth making room on your plate for.
It also provides care nutritional breakdown of cabbage and in-depth look at its possible health benefits how to incorporate more cabbage into your diet and there any potential health risks of consuming this vegetable.
Gift you are trying to improve your diet cruciferous vegetables are a good place to start and cruciferous vegetables like cabbage, kale, broccoli are nutritious for being chock-full of beneficial nutrition’s.
Many studies have suggested that increasing consumption of plant based foods like cabbage decreases the risk of diabetes, obesity, heart disease and overall mortality.
consuming fruits and vegetables of all kinds has long been associated with a reduced risk of many adverse health conditions. It can also help you to promote a healthy increase your energy and overall lower weight.
I will plant a few cabbages this year because cabbages mein offer use health benefits that cannot be ignored.
It may prevent cancer and promote weight loss
As cabbage is loaded with essential nutrition’s and contents almost no calories or facts hence it is perfect for people who are on a weight loss diet. I am sure you were heard of the cabbage diet.
There are only 33 calories in a cup of cooked cabbage and it is low in fat and high in fiber. Cabbage also helps to keep skin looking health, toned, blemish free and glowing so it is rich in antioxidants including vitamin c.
If you don’t like to eat cabbage in the form of vegetable you can drink cabbage juice. Red cabbages are particularly loaded with compounds such as lupeol, sinigrin with anticancer properties.
Potential cancer-fighting compounds found in cabbage is Sulforaphane. most recently researchers have been able to pinpoint that the sulfur containing compound that juice cruciferous vegetables their bitter taste is also what appears to give them their cancer-fighting power.
Researchers have discovered that Sulforaphane don’t have the power to inhibit the HDAC known to be involved in the progression of Cancer cells.
This ability to stop HDAC enzymes could make Sulforaphane containing foods potential powerful part of cancer treatment and it was found to decrease tumor size when since from an aggressive form of breast cancer were implanted in mice.
A recent report in the American journal of clinical nutrition associated the intake of flavonoid rich foods with a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease and started that even small amounts of flavonoid rich foods might be beneficial.
The same portent anthocyanins is red cabbage that help you to protect against cancer have been shown to suppresses the inflammation that may lead to cardiovascular disease.
The red cabbages are rich in compounds called sciences which give them their characteristic purple color along this cabbages are also good sources of potassium and calcium essential for healthy functioning of the health.
The high polyphenol content in cabbage might also reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by preventing platelet buildup and reducing blood pressure.
It regulate blood pressure and good for diabetic patients
The potassium present in cabbage is not only good for lowering blood pressure but helps you to maintain blood sugar levels.
It also improve mental well-being by reducing stress and anxiety.
Red cabbage is an abundant sources of anthocyanin uses which is known to lower blood pressure and eating cabbage regularly helps you to maintain normal blood pressure and decreases the risk of heart diseases. Cabbage can be eaten RAW, steamed, boiled or stuffed.
The sulfurous odor often associated with cabbage only develops when the cabbage is over cooked. the longer cabbages cook the stronger the odor becomes.
Cabbage is quite literally the head of the brassica, family. The English word cabbage comes from the Latin word from head caput.


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If your rabbit is acting abnormally and you have concerns please take them to a vet immediately.
Rabbits are among the so-called “folivores” and are therefore leaf eaters. Their main food is the green parts of plants, such as buds and leaf tips. But Lagomorpha are also allowed to eat vegetables and fruit now and then. Find out in our article whether you should also feed your rabbit tomatoes!
Tomatoes belong to the nightshade family and contain the poisonous substance solanine. However, this substance is mainly contained in the unripe fruits and the green parts of the plant. Ripe fruits usually do not pose a threat to rabbits, which is why they can be fed.
To determine if the tomatoes are already ripe, look out for the following characteristics:
The response to this query is yes. Tomatoes can be eaten by rabbits, but they should not be their primary source of nourishment. But because they enjoy this fruit so much, it is a great way to add variety to your pet’s meal as a treat.
It’s vital to understand that we can only supply the tomato, not other plant components like leaves, blossoms, or stems. This is primarily owing to the presence of solanine in the greens, which is toxic to rabbits. This is usually not a problem if the rabbit simply consumes a few tomato leaves.
Tomatoes come in a variety of shapes and sizes, ranging from the traditional round and bright red to lengthy tomatoes and the renowned cherry tomatoes, which are a popular element in gourmet dishes. Because of their size, the latter is suitable for animals such as rabbits, hence the question of whether rabbits can eat cherry tomatoes is frequently asked.
The answer is once again affirmative. The tomato, regardless of its size, is unaffected by the rabbit as long as it is ripe, neat, raw, and without leaves.
Tomatoes are helpful to rabbits not only because they can consume them without becoming poisoned, but also because they provide a variety of benefits. It’s high in vitamin A, C, and antioxidants. Furthermore, tomatoes contain many carotenoids and B vitamins.
Choline is present in tomato pulp, a substance that lowers cholesterol and improves immunity. It is easy to grow, simple, and inexpensive treats.
However, only mature red tomatoes provide all of these advantages. Is it possible for rabbits to eat green tomatoes? In this instance, it’s best not to provide green tomatoes or stalks to the rabbits because they’re toxic and can cause symptoms of allergy or poisoning.
Rabbits should feed food that is high in fiber but low in sugar and fat. Tomatoes have a lot of fiber, but they also have a lot of sugar and acid. Accordingly, only feed the red fruits as a treat in between meals. In general, it can be said that rodents can consume a maximum of one or two tomato slices per day.
Under no circumstances should they be fed tomatoes too often, otherwise they can get digestive problems.
Now that you’re aware that rabbits cannot eat green tomatoes but only red ones, let’s look at how to incorporate them into their diet. The procedure is quite straightforward; simply choose a tomato that is quite red and thoroughly wash it.
If you do choose to feed your bunny tomatoes, keep the amount to a minimum. Tomatoes should be considered a small treat rather than a true source of energy.
Ensure the tomatoes are sliced into rabbit-sized portions. Even though rabbits are adept chewers, you don’t want to put in danger of choke.
Is it safe for rabbits to eat tomato peel? Certainly, it may consume the tomato skin without danger. It is not necessary to peel or remove the peel, you just have to remember that it is an occasional ingredient in the diet. It is suggested that you offer some items no more than a couple of times a week.
Tomatoes can be fed to rabbits, but it’s crucial to keep an eye on how they react to such a treat. Rabbits’ digestive systems can be affected if they eat it in some situations. An adult rabbit should only be given 300 g a day, and only in the morning.
Seeds, particularly tomato seeds, should never be eaten by rabbits. They’re also harmful to your health. Before you feed your rabbit, you should take the seeds out.
Giving a tomato to baby bunnies is not a good idea. It’s best to start including it in the rabbit’s diet when he or she is three months old. Even after reaching this age, a rabbit should be given tomatoes in modest amounts while being monitored for reactions.
Tomatoes are commonly provided to rabbits as part of a diversified diet. The most significant component of a rabbit’s diet is hay. Tomatoes should never account for more than a modest amount of your rabbit’s diet, even though fruits and vegetables can aid.
It’s not just the high acid and sugar content of tomatoes that can be troublesome for rabbits. Because the high water content can also lead to health problems in rodents. If rabbits eat too many tomatoes, it can affect the firmness of the feces. Because very often the animals suffer from the so-called “mud droppings”, extremely soft droppings.
Interestingly, this does not always happen with eating a lot of tomatoes. Because mud excrement is linked to a shift in feed, as well as low feed quality and parasites. If the rodent eats tomatoes and produces muddy excrement or diarrhea, you should stop feeding them. It’s also a good idea to follow the steps below:


If you want to get the different concept of the apartment decoration, you have to know about the Apartment balcony vegetable garden. It is a kind of decoration which is applied in the apartment in the good balcony application. Then, the insertion of the vegetable garden can be done for making it more interesting. For this special decoration, you have to ask the exterior designers. They will give you the suggestions.
The application of the balcony garden should be done carefully. If you don’t know how to work with the plantation of the vegetables in the small balcony, you can read the information about the plantation so that you can make the good treatment for the plants. It will take the more energy for keeping those. But you have to manage all things well so that your balcony can have the green look.
For making the Apartment balcony vegetable garden more interesting, you can add the flower. There are so many kinds of flowers which you can plant there. But the selection should be done for making sure that you have the best application for the balcony in your apartment. So, it will make you get the more jobs.


A customized fertilizer program can be the difference between an average lawn and a lush, green lawn. Starting with soil analysis, our lawn care specialist will customize a fertilizer program tailor-fit for your lawn to enhance color and lawn density. Unlike typical fertilizer programs, our lawn care team will analyze your lawn each visit to detect and address any new problems, such as insect damage, disease and irrigation infiltration. With over 20 years of experience in specialty lawn care, our teams can manage any disease or pest in your lawn. We offer many specialized lawn care programs such as organic fertilizer programs, disease control, pest control, water management, custom fertilizing, and more. Contact us today to learn how we can customize a program for your lawn.
CONTACT US TODAY TO LEARN HOW WE CAN HELP YOU WITH YOUR LANDSCAPING NEEDS


One of Kualesa’s missions is to contribute to a more sustainable future for the planet. This is why we use bamboo fabric to make all our eco-friendly products!
Bamboo is an eco-friendly alternative textile to synthetics (FYI - polyester contributes up to ~60% of the world’s textile volumes while taking 200 years to decompose!)
Here are a few reasons why we believe in bamboo:
- Bamboo cultivation requires a lot less water when compared to the cotton industry. It requires ~2700 litres of water to produce one cotton t-shirt, whereas our bamboo t-shirt only needs ⅓ of this amount.
- The great bamboo regeneration: Bamboo shoots develop rapidly and can grow up to 20cm a day. It is also self-generating from their roots, therefore do not need to be replanted, cutting down on large amounts of labour that cotton cultivation would have required.
- Bamboo absorbs 5X more CO2 and releases 35% more oxygen than it’s hardwood tree cousins. It also has deep root systems that can prevent steep banks from eroding.
- Bamboo shoots can grow on infertile soil which provides farmers with tremendous benefit. There is a long history of using bamboo to repair previously barren land areas for other crops.
Bamboo Lyocell fabric is created by adopting a closed-loop process using a non-toxic solvent, amine oxide, which dissolves bamboo. With this process, 99% of the water used are reclaimed and reused in the next stage of the production process, greatly reducing water consumption.
The resulting bamboo fabric makes for an excellent textile and you should choose it over other conventional fabrics for the following two reasons:
- Bamboo apparel provides comfort due to its hollow fibre, allowing for better ventilation and more breathable clothing. It is also insulating - keeping you cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.
- Bamboo fabric is also antibacterial and hypoallergenic - so individuals with sensitive skin can also enjoy our bamboo apparel!
At Kualesa, we prioritise strength and comfort with an eco-conscious spirit.


India been A agriculture based economy since times unknown . The core sector that won title of Golden Bird for India , since time unknown .
Currently it provides employment to 58% of country’s population in direct or indirect way and a whooping 18% of GDP is been shared by agriculture directly and approx. 11% of GDP is based of agriculture based industries . Making it largest stakeholder in Indian Economy with approx. 29% of GDP stake in its portfolio
Agriculture been a major source of income in rural area. With a huge population of 130 CR or 1.3 Billion people , agriculture becomes more important than anything else to feed huge population. Alike other sector agriculture sector is showing a growth of 2.1% annually and a gross turnover of about 245 Billion $ .
Regardless of all these facts Indian Agriculture needs a major makeover , much bigger that what has been witness in late 80’s , commonly called as Green revolution. India’s ever-growing population , limited land resources, decrease in Soil fertility , Erosion due to natural and man made activities etc. , to over come this , we need to introduce some major changes in our practice that can not only enhance productivity, but gives us a cutting edge capabilities to manage use of resources like water irrigation, use of pesticides , use of fertilizers , increase farmer income or ROI on agriculture activities
Recently Indian Gov. in its Union budget announces special benefits for uses of drone in agriculture and name it as Kisan drones .
The prime target of Indian government is make agriculture drone available to farmer with features that can help farmer generate better ROI from Agri and related activities.
Drones represent the major technological shift in 21st century. Earlier drones are used only a flying camera with some sort of remote control technology that can capture beautiful pictures from a different angle or either drones are used on tactical and military purpose that can do some kind of surveillance or even attack in some cases
But now the drones are evolved to solve modern day problem in a modern way Drones are now capable to firefight in high rise building , Law enforcement , agriculture activities, surveillance, works as a flying Internet router , fishing , and many more
Definitely drones are going to change the world. but there are two fields that are expected to make a major change by introduction of drones these are Military (tactical use) and agriculture drones
Let talk about agriculture drones now
Agriculture is expected to be biggest beneficiary in world by drone technology
Drone assisted farming will be a reality in future . Let check benefits of using Drones in agriculture
Undoubtedly Drone are going to introduce revolution in Indian agriculture and will benefit largest sector of Indian economy and positively effect 50 % of India’s population , but still we are miles to go before we sleep. Public and Private sector in India need to make sure we overcome the hurdles that are waiting for us , we need to train the farmer to use it , Make it multilingual to over come language barrier , relaxing drone license process , subsidy on buying a agriculture drone and its spare parts


- Get a piece of string.
- Tie chicken leg to string. (It’s not necessary for the chicken to be alive).
- Find a bayou, ditch or pond.
- Stand on the bank of the bayou, ditch or pond.
- Cast the chicken leg tied to the string into the bayou, ditch or pond.
- Wait a few minutes, then slowly pull the chicken bone to land.
- Remove the crawfish from the chicken leg.
- Put crawfish in bucket.
- Repeat the prior nine steps until bucket if full.
Of course, that’s the time-honored way to catch fresh Louisiana crawfish. Just about every kid in the Bayou State has caught crawfish that way, but if one wants to trap hundreds of pounds of crawfish, efficiency ought to be incorporated into the plan.
Here’s an article published in Louisiana Farm and Ranch detailing a study in crawfish trap construction that may help you in your quest for crawfish.
Over the last several years, crawfish farmers have been switching to a slightly different crawfish trap – one constructed of ¾-inch square mesh wire in lieu of those made from ¾-inch hexagonal (6-sided) mesh.
The square mesh configuration provides for a much sturdier trap than the hex configuration, thus increasing the useful life of the trap. It was also noticed that crawfish catch was increased by the square mesh trap, partly because the square configuration of the mesh retains a slightly smaller crawfish than the hex pattern. Traps constructed of square mesh wire may also be more efficient because of the increased structural integrity, which allows trap bottoms and funnel openings to retain their original shape better.
One study at the Rice Research Station in 2003 documented a 39% average increase in catch, from 525 to 728 pounds per acre, with ¾-inch square mesh traps compared to the old industry standard ¾-inch hexagonal mesh traps. With increased catch efficiency, the question arises, “Can square mesh traps be successfully used at a lower density than previously recommended for the less efficient hex mesh traps?” Based on research in well-managed ponds producing more than 1,000 pounds per acre, 20 to 24 hex mesh traps per acre were found to be the most efficient and economical trap density in a harvesting schedule that entails emptying traps 3 or 4 days per week.
A preliminary study was conducted in 2004 at the Rice Research Station comparing square mesh trap densities of 18 and 24 per acre. With an average annual yield of 623 pounds per acre, the higher trap density resulted in only 48.5 pounds per acre, or 8%, higher yield. Assuming an average bait cost (½ fish and ½ manufactured bait) of $24 per hundred pounds, and 1/3 pound of bait per trap over 63 days of trapping, bait cost alone for the additional 6 traps per acre would result in an increased cost of $29 per acre, or 60 cents per pound for the additional yield. Although the lower trap density in this one study did not lower yields significantly, additional studies are needed under an array of growing conditions to confirm lower trap density recommendations and to determine the most cost-efficient trap densities under different conditions.
This Crawfish Report brought to you as a public service by www.CrawfishReport.com.
If you want to learn more about the Louisiana crawfish industry and the Pelican State’s fascinating culture, check out these two books by author Sam Irwin of Breaux Bridge, La.


Edlund et al. – American Journal of Botany 2016. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600031 – Appendix S1 – Page 1
Appendix S1. Plants surveyed for pollen germination site. When collected at botanical gardens, stigmas were cross pollinated, if possible, using a paintbrush, and the entire carpel was collected into 50% Karnovsky’s fixative; pollen was also dusted onto solidified pollen growth medium. From other field sites, entire plants were transferred to the laboratory (in a cooler with an ice pack), before pollen was dusted in situ or in vitro; plants were then pressed for voucher specimens.


We have this beautiful pot of Mint or Pudina in Indian languages in one of our balconies. This one receives decent sunlight. Here is how my bro Sumeet planted it. He had got a big bunch of mint from the APMC market. Now note that the veggies and herbs that are sold in the APMC market travel atleast 100 kms before they reach the consumer, inspite of that we got lucky and it grew beautifully.
Here is the 1, 2 3...
- Take a pot, we used a 4 litre one.
- Ensure there is a small hole in the bottom of the pot for draining excess water.
- Fill with planting soil upto 1 inch below the brim.
- Create holes in the soil at the top.
- Take cuttings of Pudina/ Mint, we used about just 4 or 5 cuttings which will stand on its own when stuck into the soil. Keep 3-4 leaves at the top for it to survive while it grows new roots on planting.
- Sprinkle water to moisten the soil. Do this every day.
- Ensure enough sunlight, but not direct. You can keep it under a larger plant for some shade.
- End of the month you will find more sprigs have come up and your pot is lush green.
Mint propagates with the help of rhizomes, it is a sterile plant so bears no seeds though you will see flowers. So to grow more Mint best is to provide it more space to grow.
Pluck sprigs when you require for garnishing. When you have a lot of mint snip off just the big leaves with a small scissor. Leave the stems in the pot. They will grow roots and leaves at the nodes.
- Use for garnishing
- Make a chutney when you have a enough harvest.
- Brew Mint tea.
- Chew a few Mint leaves as medicine for getting rid of indigestion.
- Make MaTha.


Interim President Considers Changes to Foreign Ownership of Farmland
Economic stagnation has Brazil’s policymakers looking for answers. One solution could come in the form of a change to the Brazilian law that bars foreign ownership of agricultural land. Interim President Michel Temer will reconsider this policy, Reuters reported.
Under restrictions adopted in 2010 by former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, foreign money cannot be used to acquire farmland in Brazil, whether that money comes from individuals or companies under foreign control. Brazil has blocked foreign ownership of farmland due to concerns that too much fertile agricultural land would fall into the hands of other countries, such as China.
However, there is apparently some new thinking on the matter. In discussing with Reuters the government’s plan to lift the restrictions on foreign ownership of farmland, Secretary of Investment Moreira Franco told the news agency that the current rules are “completely unreasonable.” Though rules restricting foreign ownership of land were intended to protect Brazil, industries that produce commodities from land, such as sugar and timber, have not supported the policy.
Agriculture has long been a mainstay of the Brazilian economy. Fibria, the world’s largest pulp exporter by volume, has its headquarters in Brazil. Its eucalyptus trees grow faster in Brazil than eucalyptus trees in Europe and China, giving the company advantages over pulp producers elsewhere.
Both Fibria and Eldorado Brasil, another pulpmaker, have announced plans to expand their plants in Mato Grosso do Sul. Klabin, a paper producer, has started a new plant in Paraná. Those three projects together are expected to add 5 million tons to Brazil’s annual pulp production, Reuters reported.
But Ibá (Indústria Brasileira de Árvores), the trade association representing the pulp and wood industry in Brazil, believes that removing restrictions on foreign ownership of agricultural land will open the country to even more land investment for the industry. According to Elizabeth de Carvalhaes of Iba, lifting the land ownership restrictions could open the doors to $19 billion worth of investment as pulp producers based in other countries could expand to Brazil.
Land earmarked for agricultural and timber purposes will not reach its full potential without the investment to support it. Even if that investment comes from foreign companies, Brazil still stands to reap benefits from the jobs and revenue that industry expansion creates. Changing Brazil’s land ownership restrictions will not be a complete solution to the country’s economic woes, but it would add one more desperately needed piece to help solve the country’s economic puzzle.


In addition to Saturdays, the Farmers Market has been in Logansport every Wednesday and will continue in the midweek through the end of September. However, for October, we will be closed on Wednesday. Be sure to stop by on Saturday instead. We will look forward to seeing you then!
Because sweet corn is ready for you! That’s right, a couple of our local growers have sweet corn ready to sell at Market. Stop by for this Indiana treat!
That’s right, some of our local growers have tomatoes ripe and ready for sale at Farmer’s Market! Be sure to come to Market Early so you can get them early before they sell out!
Despite the extremely unusual year, the Logansport Farmers Market will be opening on June 6th, 2020. We believe that open air markets are a critical part of keeping people healthy while they shop for produce and baked goods. And we are happy to do our part.
Be sure to visit us between 8:00 am and 1:00 pm to get your share of healthy, local food, and healthy, outdoor air!


Wyffels Hybrids is an independent, family-owned producer of corn seeds. In a highly competitive industry of major corporations like Monsanto, Wyffels has been successful by producing a superior product and delivering it with exceptional service.
Wyffels’ website is at the heart of the company’s marketing efforts. The website allows Wyffels to tell their story, communicating to customers how their products outperform competitors, and demonstrating their “customer-first” approach. Pedrera was initially engaged to take over maintenance and support functions, given our expertise in web development -- especially ExpressionEngine development.
Our partnership began with simple edits, and evolved to an upgrade of their ExpressionEngine CMS from version 2.x to 4.x. After a few years, Wyffels felt that the time was right for a complete website redesign. Wyffels retained Pedrera to perform all the technical aspects of the project. Their agency, O&H, handled design.
ExpressionEngine remained the foundation of the new Wyffels website. A fresh installation running the latest version was set up, along with a new information architecture, content model and template system. Pedrera converted the designs from the third-party agency into a user interface system. These templates were then connected to the ExpressionEngine CMS.
After establishing the core website functionality, Pedrera worked with Wyffels to create a series of custom features that would set the website apart from the competition.
Dynamic Product Catalog
A product catalog with an advanced search allowing customers to filter by different combinations of corn seed attributes. The product details pages graphically present the numerous characteristics of the corn seed, and an algorithm suggests related corn seeds for consideration.
Historical Data with Geographic Search
A database of corn trial results that can be searched by year and/or location. The results are rendered in both a list and map view, giving customers a real sense of their potential crop yield when using Wyffels seeds.
Head-to-head Product Comparison Database
A head-to-head comparison tool that allows Wyffels products to be matched to competitor products, with the “Wyffels advantage” clearly shown.
Geographic Monitoring Tool with Weekly Data Feed
A monitoring tool for pests that pulls current field observations and historical data into a searchable map.
Harvest Calculator with Historical and Forecast Weather Data Feed
A calculator that pulls current and past weather data to predict when crops will be ready for harvest based on their seed, location and planting date.
A Platform for Continued Success
The website continues to serve as the centerpiece of Wyffels’ marketing and customer efforts, and it’s a proven resource for farmers in the central corn belt. Pedrera regularly creates new features, as well as optimization and maintenance services to keep the website running in top form.


All About Produce Production and Packaging
Everyone in the world needs to eat food so as to live. It is because of all that the food industry is still making so many profits. The main processes in the industry are growing, selling, and producing. The good thing is that this industry also spans to include the businesses in food services and manufacturing as well as farms. You can clearly be able to find this same industry in multiple places globally. There are many things about this industry that many people do not know. There are many other sectors that contribute up to the point you are able to get food on the table. The only way to be successful in this industry is to get to know the basics. In this article we take a look at the basics of produce production and packaging.
We should begin by defining produce production. The definition is to produce sustenance for human life by growing and raising plants and animals. There are many categories of produce production apart from that of food. For you to be involved in agricultural production you need to know more about what it takes to grow the produce or raise the animals. It is also upon you to find a way to get the product to the clients in good condition.
It is though packing of the product can it get it to the customers you have. It is now more important than ever to ensure proper product packaging since the food safety concerns are very high. You, therefore, have to ensure that the packaging for the food is very good. There is no law that forces you to handle the packaging of the produce. Going for a copacker is the best course of action here. It will be the work of the copacker to make the packaging and also do the packing.
When you choose a copacker to hire it will be like having outsourced that work to another company. You are the one to agree with the copacker about how the products will be packed. It will be better if you choose to be giving the copacker the produce to pack in bulk.
The one very important reason why you should choose to outsource to a copacker is that all of your focus will remain on the produce production. Another very good advantage of having a copacker is that the copacker has the required professional skills ad experience when it comes to packing of produce. A good copacker can also be able to connect you to the best distributors. You should choose a good copacker company no matter the price.