Hemp is the first plant known to be cultivated. In China, a fabric is woven from hemp fibre for cloth in 8000 BC. In 1000 BC Hemp is cultivated in India and in 70 BC it is cultivated in England. Hemp cultivation spreads throughout Europe for paper, sails, ropes, shoes and fishnets and in 1215 the Magna Carta is printed on hemp paper.
Renaissance artists use hemp canvas for their masterpieces (the word ‘canvas’ comes from ‘cannabis’). The Guttenberg Bible is printed on hemp paper in 1456 and in 1492 Columbus outfits his ships with hemp sails and ropes for the journey across the Atlantic to discover America.
Throughout history, hemp has proven to be a vital resource, especially for new immigrants who colonized North America. It was so essential, in fact, that American colonists were required to grow hemp by law. Hemp became legal tender – used to pay taxes and encourage farmers to grow more to ensure America’s independence. Feilds of Hemp were termed ‘Victory Gardens’ during WWII and a ‘Hemp for Victory’ campaign celebrated the vital input of hemp for the military during the war.
Unfortunately, long-term prohibition has caused most people to forget the many industrial uses of hemp and continue to misidentify it with its cannabis cousin, marijuana.
Since 1992 hemp has been undergoing a revival. In Europe, Canada and most recently the US, legislation has been passed allowing for commercial cultivation of low-THC hemp.
Canadian hemp farmers follow a highly regimented licensing and quality assurance process that is closely monitored by Health Canada to ensure integrity.
The hemp plant is incredibly versatile and has been used throughout the ages for its therapeutic properties in the treatment of inflammation, digestive disorders and rheumatism, just to name a few.
Hemp is steadily gaining popularity as a premium health supplement. It is completely natural. Grown readily with no need for pesticides or herbicides and benefits the soil as well.
Hemp has so many benefits for our animal companions. See why hemp for more information.


Make Photo Gifts For Sweet Sisters On Rakhi
China has two winners of the annual First Prize of the State Natural Science Award for 2017, a testimony to the nation"s growing research capabilities in fundamental science, experts said on Monday.
It is the first time in 12 years that China has two winners within a single year of the nation"s highest honor for major scientific breakthroughs in fundamental research. The last time was in 2006, according to data from the Office of State Science and Technology Awards.
This year"s winners are chemist Tang Benzhong and bioengineer Li Jiayang.
Tang discovered aggregation-induced emission－a chemical phenomenon in which a special type of luminous agent becomes brighter the more it groups together. The discovery revolutionized luminescent biomarkers for material science, medicine, cancer diagnosis, electronics and other fields.
Li discovered the molecular mechanism that decides the quality and yield of rice, which allowed scientists to create an ideal rice crop that is nutritious and tasty and produces a high yield.
"The first-prize winners not only must have groundbreaking scientific achievements, but also must have strong and lasting global impact," said Chen Zhiming, the deputy director of the office.
The standard for the first prize is so rigorous that typically there is only one winner per year, said Chen. Since 1991, there have been 12 occasions on which there was no first-prize winner, including a three-year drought from 2010 to 2012, according to the office"s data.
"But this year"s first-prize winners lived up to their name," said Chen. "These achievements are the result of China"s growing effort and devotion to fundamental research."
After the discovery of aggregation-induced emission in 2001, scientists from more than 1,100 institutes in 60 countries have been studying the strange effect and producing new material, medicine and diagnostic tools, said Tang.
Li"s discovery of the secrets behind high-quality, high-yield rice has propelled China to become one of the world leaders in agricultural biology research, with close collaborations with Russia, Japan and Southeast Asian countries, Li said.
"The new discovery might be the beginning of a new agricultural revolution," said Li. "Farmers can reliably produce high-quality and high-yielding rice to protect the nation"s food security as its population continues to grow."
Phil Coates, a chemical engineer from the United Kingdom and the winner of the 2017 International Science and Technology Cooperation Award－China"s highest honor for foreign scientists, said that in the past decade, China has put tremendous effort into fundamental research, as well as the commercialization of science findings to fuel the economy.custom printed wristbands children's id wristbands uk plastic wristbands uk custom silicone wristbands uk 24 hour wristbands


Pistachio nuts were the most important export item which brings the country $1 billion-$1.2 billion in hard currency revenues a year, Mojtaba Khosrotaj said on Saturday.
Exports of the split-shelled nibble, however, dropped 22% in the first six months of the current Persian year, failing to match the figures during the same period a year ago when most of the produce was exported, Press TV reported.
“Given that exports of other dried fruit items have grown, it is anticipated that the deficit will be offset by the end of the year,” Khosrotaj said.
Head of the Iran-China Chamber of Commerce Asadollah Asgaroladi said 250,000 tonnes of pistachio nuts are produced a year, of which 150,000-160,000 tonnes are exported.
Iran is the world’s biggest pistachio exporter, a position it has maintained thanks to the premium quality of its crop in the face of stiff rivalry from the US.
Asgaroladi put dried fruit exports at 2 million tonnes a year, citing dates another important export crop. He said Iran produces 2 million tonnes of the crop a year, of which 200,000 tonnes is exported.
Overall, Iran produces 117 million tonnes of agricultural products a year, with horticultural crops accounting for 30 million tonnes of the figure.
Because of its unique ecology and rich soil, Iran is one of the largest fruit producers in the Middle East and North Africa, where the diversity of climatic zones makes it possible to cultivate an assorted group of crops.
The Iranian plateau is believed to be the homeland to a number of fruits, vegetables and ornamental plants such as Persian walnuts, pomegranates, peaches, spinach and tulips.
According to Iranian officials, as many as 240 million people across the region savor Iran’s horticultural products, primarily pomegranates, pistachios, saffron, figs, raisins and dates.
The country is the world’s seventh largest producer of citrus fruits, including a variety of oranges, tangerines, limes and lemons.
Agricultural exports exceed $6 billion a year, where horticultural products account for half of the earnings, with livestock and poultry coming next with a share of about 25% and crops with the other 25%.
Agriculture accounts for 13% of Iran’s GDP and over 20% of its employment. The sector has traditionally been the key source of food and livelihood security over millennia despite losing much of its significance since the country struck oil.


Dubai, UAE, 8/12/2023 – Neutura, a new carbon removal company based in Southeast Asia, announces angel funding for two new biochar projects. This initiative is a significant leap forward in combating climate change by converting agricultural waste into valuable resources.
Neutura is embarking on a mission to redefine the narrative around carbon removal projects often seen as capital-intensive endeavors, and is set to launch two innovative projects in 2024. These projects, targeting Southeast Asia and Southern Europe, are not just about reducing emissions but are a holistic approach towards responsible waste management.
The core of these projects lies in utilizing vegetation and biomass from the agricultural industry to sequester carbon from the atmosphere, optimizing the use of the plants in factories, and transforming unused waste into biochar and wood vinegar. “We see agricultural waste not as a problem but as a potent solution,” explains Laksamana Sakti (Alif), Co-Founder of Neutura. “By converting this waste into biochar, we are tackling multiple challenges–reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving soil health, and creating sustainable farming practices.”
Biochar, a high-carbon form of charcoal produced through the process of pyrolysis, is an exceptional material. Its ability to enhance soil fertility is just the beginning. “Biochar holds immense potential,” says Alif. “It improves water retention and soil structure, leading to healthier crop growth and reduced reliance on chemical fertilizers. This is a game-changer for sustainable agriculture.”
However, the benefits of Neutura’s biochar extend beyond the fields. The material also finds applications in other industries, such as metallurgy and cement, contributing to enhanced material properties and a reduced environmental footprint. “Our vision is to see biochar integrated into various industries, each benefiting from its unique properties while contributing to a greener planet,” adds Alif.
In parallel, wood vinegar, another byproduct of this process, emerges as a natural pesticide and fertilizer. “Wood vinegar is an organic solution for plant care,” notes Alif. “It’s effective, eco-friendly, and aligns perfectly with our vision of a sustainable future in agriculture.”
The underlying technology, specialized pyrolysis equipment, is designed to be energy-efficient and fully integrated with factories and mills. “We’re investing in technology that not only supports the streamlined operations of our projects but also sets a new benchmark in low-emission processes,” Alif states.
These projects are built on a robust, scalable business model. Neutura aims for long-term profitability by leveraging biochar sales and generating carbon removal credits. “Our business model reflects our commitment to sustainability and profitability,” says Alif. With these projects, Neutura is not only addressing environmental issues but is also paving the way for a more sustainable, profitable future for the climate and agriculture industry.
Sequestering biochar for agriculture use
About – NEUTURA
Neutura harnesses the untapped potential of the world’s agricultural waste to leverage carbon removal opportunities. Trees and plants, as biomass, naturally absorb CO2 through photosynthesis yet release it into the atmosphere upon decomposition. Neutura’s mission is to intercept these emissions by transforming biomass into biochar via pyrolysis.
Our biochar serves as a long-lasting carbon-stable material capable of locking carbon for generations. It’s versatile, catering to soil enhancement and construction needs, all while generating carbon credits as an added value.
This Press Release has also been published on VRITIMES


As the famous saying goes, “The grass is always greener…” but in a lot of cases when it comes to our lawns, the green is not there at all. And in Lubbock, where the temperatures and overall weather can vary in major ways – from super hot to super cold in the same week – it is key to work hard at a lot of different things so that the grass is greener on your side of the fence. I’ve found that one of the main things that you have to have going for you so that this very thing happens is a working sprinkler system that can properly water your grass in every spot so that there are no brown patches or dead sections. (Proper fertilization and professionals who can work on and consult on your lawn are key too.) Since sprinkler systems are so important, one has to make sure that they are working right.
It’s easy to assume that when you set the watering schedule for your yard all of the sprinkler heads are working. I know I certainly don’t watch my grass get watered and thus I wouldn’t know if I had any broken sprinkler heads (this can be the cause of a part of the lawn not getting watered and thus will result in those frustrating dead spots.) So, I recommend to any of you out there who care about the condition of your lawn to watch your sprinkler system when it turns on and try to note if all of your sprinkler heads are working. Actually, you might want to make sure that your entire sprinkler system is working. Otherwise your brown yard might be the eyesore that causes angst on your block.
Anyway, if you do find that you need Lubbock sprinkler system repair or even just Lubbock sprinkler head repair, make it a priority to find a highly reputable local company who knows what they are doing. There are plenty of them out there, but I recommend checking out websites and reviews to get the best idea of which company is the best. I personally vouch for a group called Rainmaker Irrigation (www.wateringdryplaces.com) but you will have to do your own discovery. I certainly don’t want to lead anyone astray on this issue.
Okay, that’s all I have for now. I’d love to hear back from you as to which companies you have trusted in the past with your sprinkler system repairs and what you think of them. Until then, happy watering and may your lawn be the greenest on the block!


The level of your agricultural production is likely to be affected by the choice you made as far as fertilizers are concerned. You are likely to experience a lot of confusion especially when selecting between organic fertilizers and synthetic fertilizers but the truth of the matter is you need to consider organic fertilizers. One reason which makes choosing an organic fertilizer beneficial is that it does not pose as an environmental hazard. An organic fertilizer works best because it is likely to be absorbed into the cell structure. Provided the Organic fertilizers are fully absorbed there is no likelihood that it can cause any level of pollution to any water source. The only thing you need to do to ensure that you do not affect the soil pH is to make sure that you use organic fertilizer and this is also going to dictate the level of fertility of the soil.
It is only when you decide to go for organic fertilizer that you are likely to appreciate more cost savings. In as much as you are likely to purchase an organic fertilizer at a higher price than the amount you need to purchase synthetic fertilizers you are likely to realise the value for your money. What is likely to happen when you purchase organic fertilizers is that you might not need to make extra purchases of pesticides and insecticides for your farm. Apart from the fact that insecticides and pesticides are very expensive they are also detrimental to the soil and the affect the soil composition. The good thing about purchasing an organic fertilizer is that it prevents you from worrying about certain mineral components that you need to add to your soil since they are already existing in organic fertilizer.
Considering to use an organic fertilizer is the best decision since the fertilizers are crop friendly. What makes organic fertilizers the best choice is the fact that they are not likely to give the crops are high scorching effect. What you need to avoid is excessive use of synthetic fertilizers since this is a way you can damage the roots and in turn, you are going to affect the absorption of nutrients from the soil. An organic fertilizer, on the other hand, is likely to give your plants the nutrients its demands and it is not going to result to stunted growth of plants. In a nutshell, using organic fertilizers is the only way you can be sure that you are soil structure is improved and this in turn leads to quick erase of absorption of water and nutrients as well as faster growth of crops.


What is plant pathology?
Plant Pathology is defined as the study of the organisms and environmental conditions that cause disease in plants, the mechanisms by which this occurs, the interactions between these causal agents and the plant (effects on plant growth, yield and quality), and the methods of managing or controlling plant disease. It also interfaces knowledge from other scientific fields such as mycology, microbiology, virology, biochemistry, bio-informatics, etc.
Plant Pathologists are scientists concerned with the understanding of the dynamic processes involved in the plant health. Their work is more research oriented.
Biology and/or Agricultural Science in Matric. Normally a pass with E (HG) or D (SG) symbol is a prerequisite for admission in these courses by most institutions.
Scientists have to qualify in BSc (Agric) in Plant Pathology (3 years).
What does one need to become a plant pathologist?
You must have a strong interest in biological science studies and research.
Where can training be undertaken?
Various universities in the country with faculties of agriculture offer qualifications in plant pathology, for example Natal University, University of the Free State, University of Stellenbosch and University of Pretoria to name but four.
Where do people qualified in this field work and what do they do?
Run registration trials and promote the products to farmers.
Test cultivars for disease resistance, breed seeds for better resistance.
Their clients often have technical problems which are associated with diseases, so they hire plant pathologists.
These work at most of the major plant pathology departments either as lecturers or Researchers.
Many go into the production field, either with their own interests or as a manager. Their broad training and understanding of the constraints of disease on production are excellent equipment for this role.
Several pathologists have ended up in this competitive and technically demanding job.
Some have Plant Pathologists start their own companies manufacturing biological control agents.
This is a demanding job, as it is a challenging field to consult in.
Tel: (012) 319 7028


Y U Ranch® is proud to have been recognized for their commitments and efforts with the following awards:
1. Norfolk Soil and Crop Association - 2006 Soil and Water Conservation Award
3. November 10, 2008 - Presentation of the ‘Canadian Agri-Food Awards of Excellence for Environmental Stewardship 2008’ at the Royal Winter Fair, Toronto.
4. September, 2008 - Toronto Food Policy Council - LOCAL FOOD HERO
5. October, 2009 - International Texas Longhorn Association Breeder of the Year Award, Glen Rose, Texas


Have your own free
for small acreages.
This shed is no longer available. New product coming soon
Two shed sizes available – one to suit up to 30 birds and the other to suit up to 70 birds.
Moveable chook sheds are constructed from coolroom panels to keep the birds warm in winter and cool in summer. Moveable chook sheds are easy to move with an ATV or ute, which makes them perfect for small acreages as they will fit through an eight foot wide gate.
Moveable chook sheds make great fertilizer for pastures and produce great tasting free range eggs.


Welcome to Riverside Sod Farm, which grows quality turf-type tall fescue and bluegrass sod in West Virginia. Riverside Sod Farm provides sod for both commercial and residential customers with delivery anywhere in West Virginia or pick-up on site. Whether the job is large or small, you can enjoy the beauty of a fine lawn instantly, eliminating the long germination period and grow-in time of seeded lawns.
Charlie Price and Becky Morris, owners of Riverside Sod Farm recommend sod over seeding because a luscious green lawn takes time and preparation to accomplish and generally the amateur grower lacks the knowledge and inclination to provide these needs. Important factors include:
Proper use of fertilizers and soil amendments
Oversight during the initial growing period when the sprouts require a great deal of attention
Introduction of chemical pesticides to prevent weed infestation
Monitored watering periods
Once in place, sod will initiate rooting into the subsoil within seven days, much quicker than it typically takes seed to germinate.
Give Riverside Sod Farm a call at (304) 344-0581 to receive pricing for sodyou will be glad you did.
Questions? We've got the answers! If you have questions regarding our turf grasses, services, or other lawn care issues, please e-mail us at email@example.com or give us a call. If you have any ideas about how we can better serve you, we'd love to hear from you.
Watch our website for information on perpetual lawn care information.
General Information: firstname.lastname@example.org Webmaster: email@example.com
Send mail to firstname.lastname@example.org with questions or comments about this web site.


The Family Herbalist’s Guide To Growing and Harvesting Earth Friendly Organic Herbs
As the word ‘guide’ suggests, this is a practical, step by step approach to planting your own herb garden and harvesting the fruits of your labour. Because family herbalists grow herbs for both cooking and health, how the herbs are grown is very important.
The organic approach that we take does not rely on harmful pesticides or commercial granular fertilizers. Besides being the safest way to grow edible plants, our approach is in tune with the ethos of herb growing that has been practised for hundreds of years.
This mini-masterclass is also your ideas bank – with loads of suggestions on where and how to grow herbs, herb garden designs, companion planting advice, how to make your own organic pesticides and how to get herbs for free (legally and not holding up the local garden centre!).
We hope this class will not just remain on your smartphone but will become a daily guide, both dog eared and mud-stained. Above all, we hope it leads to your enjoyment and use of herbs in every aspect of your life.
Happy herb growing.
The Herb Academy
The Herb Academy wishes to thank the following for their contribution to this manual:
Alice Spencer Higgs
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any manner without written permission from the South African Herb Academy
First Edition: January 2008
Revised Edition: September 2019
Copyright © All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or shared in any form or media.


I’m jumping the gun by a day because… I didn’t get anything out of the garden this morning. I’m going to estimate the eggs for the day, which won’t effect things too much. July production in general has fallen off a little. This is why some AZ gardeners take July and August off. I can’t bring myself to do that because you can still be growing some good things if you put in a little extra effort. Here are the totals for July:
eggs – 72 (this was effected by the heat, also from losing one layer at the beginning of the month and two short vacations where we partially compensate our chicken-sitter with eggs :))
yellow squash – 6.5 lbs
zucchini – 12.5 lbs (a good haul but some significant disfigurement)
tomatoes – 3.75 lbs
jalepenos – .25 lbs
bell peppers – 7
cucumbers – 5 lbs
watermelons – 7 melons totaling 71 lbs! (yeah, this throws the production by weight off a little bit)
It was a good month! Obviously the watermelons helped out a lot and continue to produce. I have at least 4 more on the vine right now. Peppers are also continuing to do good and the sweet potato vines have come into their own and are growing like crazy. I can’t wait to see if we actually get some sweet potatoes. Temps have backed off a little, but it will be back up to 108 today. Cooler the rest of the week though with some possible monsoons. A little muggy (humidity over 80% at times), but a lot better than the 110+ we had for DAYS at the beginning of the month.
A good harvest in trying weather conditions.
I tend to almost shut down my allotment in the middle of our summers which are so hot and humid here in Brisbane and we tend to get mould diseases on our veggies.
I’ve noticed the bad bug activity increasing, especially as the plants turned south. I think some of the plants just get worn out. It might be different if I pulled some of them and succession planted.
We have had a few little tomatoes and a cuke or two, some yellow squash, small beets and lots of beet greens, turnips, turnip greens, small but very sweet carrots and swiss chard. We have a couple canteloupes growing and a watermelon or two, more pickling cukes and finally getting some flowers on our beefstake tomatoes-we’ll see if we actually get any. There are tons of yellow flowers on our pickling cukes, but we will see if they actually are cukes. There are still lots of yellow squash coming in the garden. One plant I looked at will probably have 3 perfect for dinner tomorrw or Friday. Really enjoying this!!
Sounds great! I think the fact that you all started a little later and have kept the shade cloth up has really helped. Plus all of the extra watering over the last month. It all sounds good. Keep with it, fall and winter can be even better!
My best crop has been broccoli, which doesn’t mind New Hampshire’s cool weather. Good year for yellow squash, due to our hot spell. Still waiting on corn, which I planted late. Lots of beets and swiss chard, and pulling our first carrots. Peppers slow, but have had a few. No tomatoes yet. One lone eggplant fruit. Overdose of lettuce.
Over on my site I’ve been focusing on sea-ice melting on the north pole, and the crazy guys sailing and rowing a midst the icebergs in the Northwest Passage. I got so cold I had to come to your site to warm up!
I know, I’ve been reading. Never knew there were lakes that form at the pole in summer time. Crazy stuff. Don’t get me started on the rowers.
Hahaha. But the rowers are so typical of youth. However one guy has two kids. He ought be a bit wiser, methinks.
Jones, you are too funny. I just finished reading your squash bug post. They certainly can bring a person to the brink of insanity, that’s for sure. I don’t worry about the dreaded Vine Borer. After two or three squash and zucchini, I’ve had enough for the year. When my plants start looking wilted and the stem in drying out, I pull the plant and pitch it in garbage. The little buggers can have their way at the land fill.
This year the potatoes look good. My neighbor has already dug up nearly a five gallon bucket full from just a few plants. The green beans did awesome this year. I harvested 4 to 5 gallons of beans from just 10 plants. Cabbage has been a real success this year. I have never had any success with starting seeds but this year the cabbage, eggplant, and tomatoes have done wonderfully well. The cucumbers, broccoli, watermelon, and pumpkins were a bust this year. It seems that every year is great for some plants and not so great for others. I haven’t decided yet if I will plant a fall garden. I still have about 150 feet of fencing to install which, for me, will take the rest of the year to get accomplished. It’s really a must before I can get some serious gardening accomplished. Those night shade critters seem to think that my garden is their buffet. I did get a few ears of sweet corn before they stripped it clean.
Have a great day in the Arizona garden.
Thanks, Dave! I agree, getting that fence up seems like the priority. It’s funny, I’m getting all ready for the cabbage, lettuce, and broccoli. Of course I don’t have to worry about too many animals eating mine, just the occasional bug, that is… if I keep the chickens’ wings clipped.
Congratulations on the harvest–especially the watermelons! Interesting about your drop-off in egg production. Ours (in Tennessee) dropped significantly in June-July even though our summer has been cooler than usual.
The only thing I can think of is that the increase in humidity has been tough on them. That and the fact that we lost one (I think she was a good producer). This summer has been a brutal one for AZ. Not the worst, but definitely not cooler than usual.


Summer is in full swing here on the farm. Crops are getting tall; roosters are getting fat, and the garden has sped into that uber productive phase of mid-summer. We recently arrived at the "if we don't grow it, we don't eat it" point of no return. Goodbye, supermarket produce!
And mostly it has been a good summer. Sure, some crops fail, but far more are succeeding. We tried to grow some new varieties this year. I couldn't resist the name of this lettuce in the seed catalogue: Drunken Woman! Isn't she lovely? Tasty, too. Not quite sure how she got the name, though.
Here are a few more garden photos to whet your appetite.
Green Bush Beans
A nice crisp lettuce - I forget the name!
Ruby Red Chard
Loads of red currants
Oh, were you expecting some art? Yes, there is that, too! Here are a few recent pieces.
"Colorful Gray" 10X8" painted paper collage on cradled panel.
"Flower Box" 5x7 painted paper collage on panel.
"Thought" 24X24" painted paper collage on cradled panel.


Here's my 25 week belly! It feels like it has grown a lot in the past week. The weather here's been great -- 60's and sunny -- so we've been really active: bike riding, walking everywhere, chasing after the kids we babysit outside, and going on picnics in the park. It's been great! The nice weather also means we get to start gardening. We have a plot for veggies right in our apartment complex, and we just started breaking up the soil today for planting a few spring plants.


Elizabeth Vaughan is the Food Systems Manager for Community Health Improvement Partners, or CHIP. Elizabeth is a leader in San Diego’s pioneering efforts in the national Farm To School movement, helping schools and other institutions work with local farmers and agriculture producers to purchase fresh foods.
Schools, hospitals and other institutions have significant buying power, and in recent years they’ve been aggressive in working with local food producers (farmers, fisherman and the like). This Farm To School movement helps in a number of ways, including:
- Bringing fresher foods into schools.
- Lessening the environmental impact of shipping food. And
- Supporting local economies.
On top of that, it’s also addressing the issue of equity in our food systems. When schools can partner with local farms, students are getting some of the best quality food around. And that flies in the face of the traditional narrative that school food is the worst, cheapest food around.
There's lots more here - enjoy!


EAT SMART NUTRITION CONSULTANTS
More bang for your Buck!
In Season Fruit and Veggie Advice
Get more value for money when doing your fruit and vegetable shopping by buying produce that is in season.
Certain plants only flower and produce fruit and vegetables at certain times of the year. As all the farmers have to harvest around the same time, it increases supply and reduces the general cost, hence saving you money.
Supermarkets generally dedicate large displays to this produce and reduce the price to move more stock. So not only are you buying fresher produce, it is also cheaper!!
Look for produce that is generally cheap, and in the large displays.
June is a great month for:
FRUIT: Bananas, grapefruit, and lemons.
VEGETABLES: Bean shoots; Broccoli; Carrot; Cauliflower; Pumpkin; and Silverbeet.
An added benefit apart from the cheaper prices, is that eating in season is a great way to increase your variety!! This is nature’s way of making sure our bodies get a healthy mix of nutrients and plant chemicals.


Bermuda grass is also better known as golf grass because it is often planted on golf courses. The leaves are grayish-green with a width of 2-15 cm and 1-30 cm. Golf grass is an expensive ornamental grass. In addition to the price of the seeds which are higher than other ornamental grasses, this grass also really needs regular maintenance. Its main enemy is water, where golf grass will easily rot if it is flooded. Therefore, this grass needs the best weed killer for Bermuda grass. This is of course to get quality grass.
Not only that, but this grass also needs a planting medium that has a smooth water channel so that it thrives. The form of care that must be given to this golf grass is not the same as other garden grass because the condition of the grass will greatly affect the smoothness of the golf game process so it must be cared for properly.
So this golf grass plant must be watered, fertilized, trimmed, and kept away from pests and diseases so that it is always ready to play.
Good Golf Lawn Fertilization
The nutrient requirements needed by golf grass plants vary from one course to another. This should be based on the results of the soil analysis of each golf course. Other factors that also affect the nutrient requirements of golf grass include thatch conditions, previous fertilization schedules, grass quality, and levels of pest and weed attack. This soil analysis is carried out every 6-12 months.
The most nutrients needed by golf grass are nitrogen (N). This element can be given according to the growth rate of grass plants. The green area on a golf course requires more N elements than other parts of the course. Likewise, the needs and methods of using fertilizers containing potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) elements must be adjusted to the results of soil analysis. Because after all this fertilization must be done as well as possible.
Pest and Disease Control
Pest and disease control schedules need to be adjusted according to their level of attack. While the control time itself depends on the season, whether it is dry season or rainy season when weed control efforts are made. For example, the pests that usually attack during the dry season are worms. Meanwhile, during the rainy season, the disease will start to attack golf grass plants. So you have to adjust the control efforts that must be made against the symptoms of the initial attack that appear.
Pay attention to the level of uniformity of grass growing on the golf course. Try to keep the field from being polluted by other weeds. Likewise, weeds or weeds that live on this golf course must be destroyed as soon as possible so that they do not take up nutrients in the course. You can do this weed control process chemically using herbicides or remove them manually. You have to take serious countermeasures so that the grass planted on the golf course thrives and looks neat.


Qoot is an innovative food brand on fortified rice kernels with The best ingredients for rice mill owners who want to produce healthier rice for their customers and to supply to State / Central Government for various child & public welfare Schemes
Largest fortified rice kernel (FRK) plant in Rajasthan
Among the largest plants in north India
Fully automatic production and packaging
Annual production capacity of 8000 metric tons
ISO 22000 FSMS certified
Delivery in 7 Days from confirmed booking.
one rice plate at a time
Healthy Rice for a
Fortified rice kernels with essential nutrients, including Iron, folic acid and B- 12 Vitamin.
We produce the most delicious, nutritious, and affordable fortified rice kernels with all the necessary nutrients for rice mill owners at the most competitive prices in the industry.
Know what is
Rice fortification aims to resolve micro-nutrient deficiency in countries where rice is a staple food.
It involves adding minerals and vitamins to the rice after it is harvested.
World Health Organization (WHO) defines rice fortification as a strategy to improve iron and vitamin levels in marginalized populations.
Why do we need it
India is one of the countries with a high per capita rice consumption. Many of the nutrients from rice are lost when it is milled and polished.
Fortification ensures that those who depend on rice for their daily nutritional needs get enough vitamins and minerals. It is especially important for the poorer sections struggling with nutritional deficiencies.
Benefits of Fortified Rice
A meta-analysis by WHO concludes that rice fortification reduces the risk of iron deficiency by 35%
Reduces micro-nutrition deficiency.
A cost-effective way to tackle malnutrition.
Fortified with Vit. B12, Iron and Folic Acid.
Tackles anaemia and boosts immunity.
Assured demand of 33.5 million tonnes.
Potential reach to 84 mllion children.
Government initiatives in the field
The government of India has mandated that by 2024, all mid-day meals facilitated by ICDS schemes will serve only fortified rice. This will address the vitamin and mineral deficiencies in school-going children.
Here is why Qoot fortified rice kernels are the best
FSSAI Certified & Manufactured based on the government of India guidelines
Rice kernels untouched by human hand and regularly tested to ensure it adheres to quality and nutrition standards.
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September means one thing for our family: Apple Picking. For years we’ve made the drive out to Oak Glen to be met with orchards of apples ready to be picked. If we are early enough in the season like we were this year, there are a larger variety of apples and even sweet, red raspberries.
We pick at Los Rios Ranch, where they had Spartan, Gala and Red Delicious orchards open for picking. We collected half a bushel of apples with some of each kind and two baskets of raspberries. It was opening weekend when we went out this time and although it was a bit hot, the crowds weren’t too big which really nice.
When we were done picking we headed over to Riley’s Store for some apple cider and to pick up some tasty pumpkin butter and preserves. If you prefer not to pick, you can purchase your apples there, have some BBQ and listen to the band. For the animal lovers they have a small petting zoo with a llama, cow, sheep and angora goats which are super cute with their soft coat.
On our way back down we stop in at Snow Line Orchard for some apple donuts made right on site. They also have three kinds of cider: apple, raspberry apple and cherry apple. This orchard is a bit smaller but they have raspberries you can pick, apples for purchase and a small antique shop in the back.
Our last stop is at the Oak Tree Village where there are a few unique shops to walk through including one that recently has a good selection of Pyrex. If you are a fan of apple pie they serve slices with ice cream.
Do you and your family have any fall traditions?
Lovely Links: Eat, Make, Grow


Discovering Niman RanchRobert Garza
From its humble start as an 11 acre San Francisco Bay Area farm in the 1970’s to its extensive network of over 700 sustainable U.S. family owned farms and ranches, Niman Ranch has continued to deliver the finest tasting meat in the world.
Niman Ranch believes that family farmers and ranchers are the keepers of traditional farming knowledge and are determined to keep this knowledge alive despite the rise of the commodity market.
Niman Ranch’s products are never administered added hormones or antibiotics and their livestock are fed a 100% vegetarian diet. Niman Ranch is proud of its work with renowned animal handling expert Dr. Temple Grandin, to further improve its animal handling protocols; making Niman Ranch’s humane animal practices the most stringent in the industry. All of their livestock are raised outdoors on pasture and/or deeply bedded pens allowing them to act on their instinctive behaviors. Because of this, Niman Ranch is considered the industry gold standard for humane animal care. Along with humane care of the animals, Niman Ranch sets the standard for sustainability. Its farmers and ranchers practice crop rotation and use alternative energy sources, preserving the integrity of the land for their families and their communities for future generations. By implementing these practices, Niman Ranch farmers and ranchers are able to prevent soil depletion, maintain soil fertility, and reduce soil erosion. One of the many benefits of promoting traditional farming and ranching methods is the preservation of water supplies. Niman Ranch wants to sustain the land for the future farming and ranching endeavors.
Neesvig’s is proud and excited to have a partnership with Niman Ranch and shares its mission of providing the highest standard of quality. When you see the Niman Ranch brand, you can feel comfortable knowing that you are consuming products that were made with an understanding of the animals and a responsibility to our planet and the prosperity of future generations. In addition, these products are of exceptionally high quality.


The very best technology for the task isn’t always something from The Jetsons. Often Little Home on the Prairie approaches still work best.
White Violet Center for Eco-Justice, a ministry of the Sis of Providence, utilizes innovation to grow vegetables, fruit and flowers provided in a Community Supported Farming program and for the Sisters of Providence kitchens at Saint Mary-of-the-Woods. These efforts prevent the need to have the fruit and vegetables trucked as much as 2,500 miles and supplies safe, organically grown vegetables, herbs and fruit for the siblings and to those in the surrounding community.
The staff, interns and volunteers are thrilled about the brand-new water station they will start utilizing this summer season.
Currently in the garden, an utilized restaurant sink linked to a tank enables the water utilized to wash veggies to be recycled when watering the plants.
” So the sink looks like any other sink, however the piping beneath goes over to a holding tank that has a sump pump in it,” discussed Candace Minster, garden supervisor. “When we require to water we turn on the pump. It’s kind of like a rain barrel.”
Candace stated it’s particularly good for vegetables like turnips, carrots, and beets that are pulled from the ground and extremely filthy. They will be cleaned up initially at the wash station in the garden and then go through a more refined wash back at the center.
Previously in the growing season, handheld soil blocker tools are used while planting in the greenhouse. Potting mix is compacted into the soil blockers to develop cubes of soil.
” You wind up getting a stronger root system,” Candace stated. “And you do not have the same transplant shock when moving them to the garden in the spring.”
She said utilizing the soil blockers likewise conserves a little time when planting in the field.
” Due to the fact that you’re not trying to wriggle plants out of trays and pots,” she explained.
Rather than a greenhouse, which uses a heating element, high tunnels are warmed by the sun. This is called passive solar. White Violet Center has 2 high tunnels.
Candace said it’s 5 to 8 degrees warmer inside the high tunnel on a cold day. But if it’s a sunny day there could be a 10 to 20 degrees distinction.
Crops are grown directly in the ground beneath the high tunnel that is made out of a layer of thick plastic. Row covers put on the plants imitate a blanket that approximately adds about 3 more degrees of heat.
” This enables us to grow all winter season long,” Candace said. “In the dead of winter we’re growing things like spinach, beats, kale, turnips, carrots and bok choy.”
So, as you can see, a few of the innovation used at White Violet Center has been working well for gardeners for many years. Utilizing the suitable technology for the task does not constantly indicate big, glossy and costly. It can also be easy and clever.


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Every week, Amateur Gardening is the first choice for both beginners and knowledgeable gardeners looking for advice and easy-to-follow practical features on growing flowers, trees, shrubs as well as fruit and vegetables. Be inspired, by our beautifully illustrated features covering plant and flower groups, both home grown and exotic, and take a sneak peek into some of the most beautiful private gardens around the country. Plus, every week we feature expert opinion and tips from some of gardening’s most influential exponents including Toby Buckland, Bob Flowerdew, Anne Swithinbank, Peter Seabrook and Jo Whittingham.
每周，业余园艺都是初学者和知识渊博的园丁在种植花卉、树木、灌木以及水果和蔬菜方面寻求建议和易于遵循的实用功能的首选。从我们精美插图的特色中汲取灵感，包括本土种植和异国情调的植物和花卉群，并偷偷看看全国一些最美丽的私人花园。此外，每周我们都会提供一些园艺界最有影响力的专家的专家意见和建议，包括 Toby Buckland、Bob Flowerdew、Anne Swithinbank、Peter Seabrook 和 Jo Whittingham。


The global Sprinkler Irrigation Systems Market size will derive growth from the gradual switch to technologically advanced irrigation systems from the traditional ones. Fortune Business Insights in their recent report titled, “Sprinkler Irrigation Systems Market Size, Share & Industry Analysis, By Type (Center Pivot, Lateral Move, Micro sprinklers, Others), By Crop (Cereals, Oilseed and Pulses, Fruits and Vegetables, Turf and Ornamentals, Others) and Regional Forecast, 2019-2026”, studies various factors responsible for the significant growth of the market in the forecast period.
To Gain More Insights into the Market with Detailed Table of Content and Figures, Click Here:
List of prominent companies that are operating in the global sprinkler irrigation systems market are:
- The Toro Company
- Jain Irrigation Systems
- Shanghai Huawei Water Saving Irrigation Corp. Ltd.
- Valmont Industries Inc.
- Chinadrip Irrigation
- EPC Industries
- Rain Bird Corporation
- Lindsay Corporation
The sprinkler irrigation systems market report accords a detailed analysis by gathering information from both primary and secondary sources. It also offers a clear vision of future prospects in the market by providing key industry insights and strategies adopted by vendors.
Some of the strategies include mergers and acquisitions, company collaborations, product launches, investment in research and development, and others. These crucial insights will help players invest accordingly and thus, gain a competitive edge in the market during the forecast period set from 2019 to 2026.
Development of Innovative Irrigation Projects to Promote Market Growth
Sprinkler irrigation systems layout is used for irrigating or watering crops and plants in a systematic and controlled manner, ensuring a rise in water use efficiency and a reduction of water wastage. As per the current sprinkler irrigation systems market trend, the center pivot sprinkler type is dominating the market owing to their low annual costs.
Various factors are responsible for the sprinkler irrigation systems market growth. These include water-saving, fewer weed problems, and less requirement for energy and labor. Besides this, there is a vast difference in the overall cost of crop production with the use of sprinkler irrigation systems as compared to the other ones such as surface drip, manual irrigation, and others. All the above factors are expected to increase the sprinkler irrigation market revenue in the coming years.
On the flip side, the high maintenance cost of farmer’s choice of crops, and may cause hindrance to the sprinkler irrigation systems market growth in the forecast years. Besides this, the high investment required for installation and maintenance of sprinkler irrigation components and equipment may also pose a challenge to the market growth rate in the forecast duration.
Request A Sample Copy – Sprinkler Irrigation Systems Market Report
Nevertheless, government-supported activities and awareness programs for farmers are expected to promote market growth in the future years. Additionally, the revenue growth of sprinkler systems in the commodity market will also bode well for the market. This, coupled with the development of innovative irrigation projects are further expected to create lucrative growth opportunities for the market in the long run.
Major Segments Includes:
- Center Pivot
- Lateral Move
- Micro sprinklers
- Oilseed and Pulses
- Fruits and Vegetables
- Turf and Ornamentals
Government Supported Activities to Help Asia Pacific Register Rapid Growth Rates
The global sprinkler irrigation systems market is categorized geographically into five major regions namely North America, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Europe, and the Middle East and Africa regions. In the current scenario, the market is dominated by North America on account of multiple factors such as high-value crop cultivation, technological advancement, high-quality export agriculture and other products, adoption of precision practices for farming, and others. Moreover, an increase in the production of corn in Canada and the U.S. have also promoted the sprinkler irrigation systems installed on a large scale.
Additionally, the surge in awareness about water management concepts and the acceptance of the same in developing nations are expected to help Asia Pacific market witness rapid growth in the forthcoming years. Besides this, government support and promotion of micro and sprinkler irrigation systems designs for better agricultural production from developing nations are further anticipated to create lucrative growth opportunities in the forecast period.
Key Industry Development
Some of the key industry developments in the sprinkler irrigation systems market include:
September 2018 – The U.S. subsidiary of Jain Irrigation Systems Ltd., called Jain Inc. acquired the US-based ETwater for their irrigation purposes.
January 2019 – The companies Nutrien AG Solutions and Lindsay entered into a collaborative partnership for improving the water use efficiency in agriculture.
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Our reports contain a unique mix of tangible insights and qualitative analysis to help companies achieve sustainable growth. Our team of experienced analysts and consultants use industry-leading research tools and techniques to compile comprehensive market studies, interspersed with relevant data.
At Fortune Business Insights™ we aim at highlighting the most lucrative growth opportunities for our clients. We, therefore, offer recommendations, making it easier for them to navigate through technological and market-related changes. Our consulting services are designed to help organizations identify hidden opportunities and understand prevailing competitive challenges.


So avocado is green, right? Right! Mango does not come from anywhere near where I live but I went for it anyway, as they looked unblemished, plump and juicy! Today’s post of Avocado & Mango Salad is a delicious way to get into the mood for spring.Some of you living where there is still snow on the ground might be ready for a little warm weather and to see a few buds popping out on your trees and flowers. It’s happening in my neighborhood.
Yesterday after the rain stopped, the clouds started to dissipate and the sun started to peek out, I happened to step outside and was met with a very loud buzzing! The warm temps and rain gave occasion to many trees budding out on that day. With the rain gone and the wind still, forager bees ventured out from the safety of their hives. The sound I heard was an orchestra of busy bees in a red oak tree right outside my breezeway door. Thousands of bees gathering golden-yellow pollen from this one tree. Their pollen sacks laden with bounty, ready to be stored in the hive and used for food or to be turned into honey. Their choice! I stood and watched them work a while and then walked away to retrieve something I’d left in my car at which time I realized the music of their buzz could be heard several feet away. That sound is pleasing to a bee keeper, assurance that the hives will have food for their survival and honey for their keeper.
When you look at the photo below, you’ll see the pollen sacks full of golden pollen. When she returns to the hive the inside bees will remove the pollen from her sacks, store it in the comb and clean any pollen dust from her body, readying her for another trip to the tree. The second photo shows two bees working on the same bloom. There were thousands of hard-working little girls, I tell you.
This healthy and delicious salad, made even better by the drizzle of honey and lime dressing. The creamy avocado and juicy mango are enriched by the mixture of honey and fresh squeezed lime juice. A sprinkle of fresh ground pepper finishes off the salad. Served with fresh fruits on the side, grapes, strawberries, blueberries or any other fresh fruits you might have on hand could turn this into a lunch salad that will stand on its own. I served it alongside roasted elk au jus and organic brown rice. It was a satisfying stand-in to a green salad.
Avocado & Mango Salad with Honey-Lime Drizzle
1 ripe avocado
1 ripe mango
2 tsp. honey
juice of half a lime
Half and remove pit from avocado. Peel, slice and dice mango. Whisk together honey and lime juice. Place a leaf of washed leaf lettuce on a plate. Place an avocado half on the lettuce, fill the core with diced mango. Drizzle with honey-lime mixture and crack a little fresh ground pepper on top.


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Abstract: While many studies have addressed the effect of individual stresses on plant–plant associations, few
have addressed the effects of co-occurring stresses. We therefore investigated how associations between Wyoming big
sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) and 2 native grasses (Poa secunda and Elymus elymoides) responded
to different combinations of grazing and moisture stresses in the Great Basin, USA. Positive (i.e., facilitative) interactions
between nurse plants and their beneficiaries are predicted to increase with increasing moisture limitation and
grazing stress, but these interactions may break down at extreme levels of stress. We hypothesized that (1) competitive
interactions and negative shrub-grass spatial associations would occur under the least stressful conditions (low grazing
intensity /high precipitation); (2) positive shrub-grass spatial associations would dominate at intermediate levels of stress
(high grazing intensity /high precipitation and low grazing intensity /low precipitation); and (3) negative grass-shrub
relationships would dominate at extreme levels of stress (high grazing /low precipitation). We sampled 5 site pairs (high
vs. low grazing intensity) that occurred over a precipitation gradient. We assessed how abundance of the 2 grasses
P. secunda and E. elymoides responded to sagebrush microsite (canopy vs. interspace), grazing intensity, and precipitation.
We found that both grass species were positively associated with A. tridentata canopy microsites at low annual
precipitation levels. However, grazing stress appeared to weaken this effect for P. secunda, indicating, as we predicted, a
potential breakdown of facilitative interactions in highly stressful conditions. Although we predicted that facilitation
would dominate in moderately stressful conditions, we only found this to be true (for both grasses) in one of the 2 moderately
stressful scenarios (low grazing /low precipitation). Our results provide insights into how Great Basin plant
communities may respond to the separate and combined effects of grazing and drought stresses, both of which may
intensify in the future.
Abstract: As environmental stress increases positive (facilitative) plant interactions often predominate. Plant-plant associations (or lack thereof) can indicate whether certain plant species favor particular types of microsites (e.g., shrub canopies or plant-free interspaces) and can provide valuable insights into whether “nurse plants” will contribute to seeding or planting success during ecological restoration. It can be difficult, however, to anticipate how relationships between nurse plants and plants used for restoration may change over large-ranging, regional stress gradients. We investigated associations between the shrub, Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis), and three common native grasses (Poa secunda, Elymus elymoides, and Pseudoroegneria spicata), representing short-, medium-, and deep-rooted growth forms, respectively, across an annual rainfall gradient (220–350 mm) in the Great Basin, USA. We hypothesized that positive shrub-grass relationships would become more frequent at lower rainfall levels, as indicated by greater cover of grasses in shrub canopies than vegetation-free interspaces. We sampled aerial cover, density, height, basal width, grazing status, and reproductive status of perennial grasses in canopies and interspaces of 25–33 sagebrush individuals at 32 sites along a rainfall gradient. We found that aerial cover of the shallow rooted grass, P. secunda, was higher in sagebrush canopy than interspace microsites at lower levels of rainfall. Cover and density of the medium-rooted grass, E. elymoides were higher in sagebrush canopies than interspaces at all but the highest rainfall levels. Neither annual rainfall nor sagebrush canopy microsite significantly affected P. spicata cover. E. elymoides and P. spicata plants were taller, narrower, and less likely to be grazed in shrub canopy microsites than interspaces. Our results suggest that exploring sagebrush canopy microsites for restoration of native perennial grasses might improve plant establishment, growth, or survival (or some combination thereof), particularly in drier areas. We suggest that land managers consider the nurse plant approach as a way to increase perennial grass abundance in the Great Basin. Controlled experimentation will provide further insights into the life stage-specific effectiveness and practicality of a nurse plant approach for ecological restoration in this region.


by awitherick on 1 December, 2011
Sometimes we hear all kinds of strange claims about what the European Union is debating and what it’s trying to do.
Recent increases in bee mortality and a declining number of beekeepers across Europe could threaten food production and security, environmental sustainability and biodiversity if left unchecked. An estimated 84% of plant species and 76% of food production in Europe are dependent on pollination by bees.
A recent report urged the European Union Commission to invest money in disease prevention and control and further research into the impact of environmental factors on the bee community as disease and pesticides are taking their toll. Bees are developing resistance to the limited amount of medicines available so more need to be created and produced.
It’s only by working together on cross border issues that we can find a solution not just for Hertfordshire, but for Europe.


By Ronald Joshua
NEW YORK | BAMAKO (IDN) – Fatou Dembele is a farmer in landlocked Mali, where half of the population engaged in agriculture are women. Agriculture is a key sector to lift women out of poverty. But the increasing degradation of land and natural resources caused by climate change is making women more vulnerable.
Therefore when Dembele’s plants first started dying, she thought the plot of land was ruined, and her livelihood was at risk. “We thought the land was sick. We didn’t know that there were live parasites that attacked the roots of the plants and could kill them,” says Dembele. (P50) FRENCH｜INDONESIAN | ITALIAN | JAPANESE TEXT VERSION PDF | PORTUGUESE | SPANISH | SWAHILI | TURKISH
The increased number of parasites, because of rising temperatures and humidity, is just one of the many side effects of climate change Dembele and other women farmers are faced with.
To combat the negative impact of climate change on women’s livelihoods, a new UN Women programme known as Agriculture Femmes et Développement Durable (AgriFed), implemented by the local non-governmental organization Groupe d’Animation Action au Sahel (GAAS) Mali, is helping local producers adapt to these new challenges.
The programme works with farmers to modernize their techniques, enables their access to information on latest advances in agriculture and increases the value of their products by improving their conservation methods.
“The effects of climate change are not sparing Mali, and are hitting this country hard, an additional challenge in an extremely fragile security context in the Sahel region,” Maxime Houinato, UN Women Country Representative in Mali, said at a side event co-organized by UN Women on March 14 at the 62nd session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women (CSW62).
“And yet, Mali, although a low contributor to the global emission of greenhouse gases, is no less committed to the race to adapt to the effects of climate change,” she added.
To restore Dembele’s production, the programme taught her how to use locally available biopesticides to eliminate the parasites. “Thank goodness, we learned that there are local plants whose extracts can fight this disease,” says Dembele.
AgriFed started its activities in 2017 in the Segou region, over 200 kilometres northeast of Bamako, the capital of Mali. Training on sustainable agriculture techniques reached 247 women and 66 men. The training helped farmers improve water usage, crop scheduling, pesticide and fertilizer use, and cultivation techniques.
In the towns of Boidié and Sécoro, and Cercle de Tominan, women have improved and increased production of shallots thanks to the training. But during harvest, it became clear that the women needed to learn how to conserve their produce better.
“We grow shallots and onions because of their long shelf-life, but we did not know conservation techniques [before],” explained Hayèrè Keita, a shallot producer and seller in Sécoro. “Following our traditional methods, the rates of loss can be very high.”
UN Women supported further training sessions that showed the farmers how to preserve products like shallots, onions and potatoes. Around 110 women producers have managed to increase their revenues using these modern production and preservation techniques.
“I have been growing vegetables and fruits for 20 years, but I only knew the traditional way of doing it,” says Alphonsine Dembele, another farmer.
“AgriFeD taught us to diversify the products we grow, with the introduction of the potatoes, tomatoes and peppers. They not only bring additional income, but also help improve nutrition at home and reduce malnourishment in our children. says Dembele, the other farmer.
She adds: “It has had a positive influence on social cohesion, because women [from different ethnic communities] now meet and have dialogues during the training sessions in the fields.”
The programme, funded by the Government of Luxembourg, will run for five years and is expected to be replicated in other areas of the country.
The programme was launched on December 12, 2017 with a view to building the resilience of a million women and youth in the Sahel to climate impacts through smart agriculture at the One Planet Summit. The launch coincided with a gathering of world leaders in the French capital to mark the anniversary of the landmark Paris Climate Change Agreement.
The One Planet Summit, co-hosted by the President of France, Emmanuel Macron, UN Secretary-General António Guterres, and the President of the World Bank, Jim Yong Kim, aimed at supporting the formal UN process on climate action as nations look to raise climate ambition in the run up to 2020.
The initiative is a programme of the United Nations Integrated Strategy for the Sahel (UNISS) and the G5 Secretariat. The G5 Sahel, the institutional framework for development coordination among the five countries in the region – Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger – has identified combatting climate change and environmental degradation, along with their effects on rural populations, as a priority.
At the national level, governments are working on adaptation strategies; the new initiative is designed to support those efforts. UN Women presented the programme, which is among some 12 showcased at the Summit, on behalf of the UN system. [IDN-InDepthNews – 27 March 2018]
Photo: Members of the women’s cooperative use climate-resilient organic compost and biopesticides in their farm. Credit: UN Women


and ruminant digestive systems. Key Terms: Ñ abomasum absorption anabolism bloat catabolism cecum crop digestion duodenum gastrointestinal tract gizzard.
Rumen Digestive System The process of rumination is assisted by the presence of bacteria in the rumen, which then breaks down the cellulose that exists in plants. The food which is digested is then moved to the reticulum. There are some animals who cannot digest cellulose owing to the complicated components present in it. Ruminants are herbivorous mammals of the suborder Ruminantia that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions.
In the process of ruminal fermentation, nutrients produced such as B-vitamins and CLA, also provide us food products which contain nutrients essential to our diet. 2019-09-09 · The key difference between digestive systems of ruminants and non ruminants is the structure of stomach. Non ruminants have simple stomach while the stomach of ruminants consists of four compartments i.e. rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The digestive system of ruminants consists of following organs: Mouth – with teeth, tongue and pharynx Function. As I previously mentioned, this compartment is similar to a non-ruminant stomach and thus has a low pH (due to the production of hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes) which are fundamental to digest the remaining part of the feed which was ingested, being some proteins of the feed particularly important (in this case, pepsin, is the enzyme which breaks down proteins).
Digestive Tract of Ruminant Mouth. Esophagus. A four-chambered stomach – rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasums. The small and large intestine.
Unlike monogastrics such as swine and poultry, ruminants have Non-Ruminant Digestion. The non-ruminant digestive system only has one stomach where food is broken down into needed nutrients. Examples of ruminant animals are: pigs, horses and humans to name a few.
The inside of a cow or bison's digestive tract is shown in this 3D, computer-generated animation. It starts at the esophagus, travels through the ruminant's
The basic composition and functions performed by the microorganisms of the ruminant digestive system. In the digestive system of ruminants, the composition of the microbiome is estimated to contain more than 5000 microbe species, compared to ~1464 species found in carnivores, omnivores, and human beings. Learn about the veterinary topic of The Ruminant Digestive System. Find specific details on this topic and related topics from the MSD Vet Manual. MLA Style Citation: Eden, Julie "A Comparison Between the Human and Ruminant Digestive System." A Comparison Between the Human and Ruminant Digestive System.
In approximately 10 months, a good cow can produce 496 pounds of protein, 784 pounds of energy in the form of the sugar lactose, 560 pounds of fat, and 112 pounds of minerals all in 16,000 pounds of milk.
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Start studying Ruminant Digestive System.
Rumen microbes also In calves, the esophageal grooves allows milk to bypass the rumen
Ruminant Digestive Anatomy and Function. The ruminant digestive system uniquely qualifies ruminant animals such as cattle to efficiently use high roughage feedstuffs, including forages.
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ruminant digestive system, which includes both foregut and hindgut enteric Pregastric: Fermentation that occurs in the rumen of ruminant animals. It occurs before food passes into the portion of the digestive tract in which digestion Oct 2, 2020 Non-ruminant means that horses do not have multi-compartmented stomachs as cattle do.
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While some parts of the ruminant digestive system are similar to those of non-ruminant systems, several essential components perform the necessary functions for digestion. Table of Contents. Components of the Ruminant Digestive System. Mouth; Esophagus; Stomach; Small Intestine; Cecum; Large Intestine; The Four Components of a Cattle’s Stomach. Rumen; Reticulum; Omasum
The ruminant digestive system.
Goats are ruminant animals. Their digestive tracts (which are similar to those of cattle, sheep and deer) consist of the mouth, oesophagus (the oesophagus is a
Ruminant digestion in Bos taurus Like other vertebrates, ruminant Artiodactyla (including cattle, deer, and their relatives) are unable to digest plant material directly, because they lack enzymes to break down cellulose in the cell walls.
The rumen absorbs the majority of the VFAs from fermentation. A Fantastic blood supply to the rumen walls improves absorption Tiny projections (papillae) line the rumen, which raises the rumen’s surface region and the quantity it can consume.


Any terrace which has got a bit flat surface can be used for cultivating vegetable. These Grow Bags – Small, Pack of 10 are ideal for growing vegetables, flowers, green chillies, indoor plants, ornamental Plants, orchids, medicinal plants and much more that do not have too deep roots. They are suited for terrace, balconies, as well as greenhouses. These growing bags have enough space to grow 1 or 2 plants.
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GrassRoots Biotechnology is an agricultural biotechnology that was spun out of Duke University in May, 2007. The company was co-founded by Dr. Philip Benfey and Doug Eisner to commercialize technologies and expertise developed by Dr. Philip Benfey in his lab at Duke. Research operations commenced in July 2008 upon the award of a National Science Foundation Phase I SBIR grant entitled Constitutive Promoters for Crop Improvement with Dr. Tedd Elich as the Principal Investigator.
In January, 2009, GrassRoots’ entered into a Technology Alliance and License Agreement with Monsanto. The alliance is focused on discovery of gene promoters and trait genes for agricultural crops. Monsanto has recently exercised its option to extend the original three-year agreement for two additional years. The two-year extension will expire on January 31, 2014.
GrassRoots currently operates out of its state-of-the-art research facilities in downtown Durham with a satellite lab, dedicated to root phenotyping, in Research Triangle Park.


It’s that time of the year again! Spring is upon us and so is the annual tradition known as Mulch Madness. This is the time that people across the country flock to their local garden store to purchase piles and loads of mulch. What exactly is mulch precisely? And what are its benefits? In this blog post, we will answer every question you have about mulch and show you all that you should know in so that you can make an informed decision on whether or not you should purchase it for your home.
Mulch is a type of material that is spread across the soil to cover soil. It aids in retaining humidity in your soil. Additionally, it controls weeds, and improves the appearance of your lawn. Mulch is made of a variety of materials, including wood chips, bark straw, straw, and plastic.
Benefits of Mulch
There are numerous benefits when you use mulch in your landscape. Some of the most notable are:
Reducing water evaporation from the soil’s at the surface
- Conserving water by reducing run-off
- Helping to keep soil temperatures stable
- Preventing soil erosion
- Enhancing the appeal of your garden
Mulch : Moisture
Mulch helps to keep moisture in soil, that reduces the need for irrigation.
Mulch reduces weeds, which reduces the time and cost on the control of weeds.
Mulch can improve the look of your landscape by making it more attractive.
Types of Mulch
There are various kinds of mulch available in the marketplace, all of which has their own benefits. A few of the most common varieties are:
Wood chips Made from recycled wood, wood chips can be a healthy way to cover your garden with mulch. They aid in removing weeds as well as add organic matter to the soil.
Mulch : Bark
Bark Made from woody bark It is a great option for those who want a natural mulch that also adds nutrients to the soil. It aids in preventing erosion and water retention.
Straw is made of wheat or other plants , and is an excellent choice for those looking for an organic mulch. Straw helps to keep weeds under control, retains moisture, and provides nutrients to the soil.
It is made from recycled tires, rubber mulch is the most popular choice among gardeners due to its durability and durable. It also helps suppress the growth of weeds and also retain moisture.
It can be used as a base layer under different types of mulch. It deters weeds from growing and helps keep the soil moist.
When selecting a mulch, take into consideration the climate in which you live and the types of plants that you’re growing. The ideal kind of mulch to use in your garden will depend on your personal circumstances. No matter what type of mulch you decide to use, be sure to distribute it evenly and keep the freshness. Mulch can help make your garden look great as well as improve its health and vitality. So don’t put off getting out there and mulch today!
Mulching is an important part of gardening and there are a variety of types of mulch to choose from. This article will talk about three popular types of mulch including organic, rubber and plastic.
Organic mulch can be made from natural materials such as bark, compost or straw. It is broken down over time and gives nutrients to the soil. Organic mulch is a good choice for gardens with plants that need rich soil like fruit trees or vegetables.
It is made from the recycled tires of rubber. It isn’t able to break down as organic mulch does, however, it does provide some insulation against extreme temperatures. Rubber mulch is a good option for gardens that experience hot summers or cold winters.
Plastic mulch is made of tough sheets of plastic. It isn’t able to break down or provide nutrients to soil, but it can aid in retaining moisture in the soil. Plastic mulch is a good choice for gardens with dry or sandy soil.
Mulch is an often overlooked however it is an extremely vital component of every garden. It assists in protecting plants from the elements, retain soil moisture, and may even enhance the overall health of your garden.
If your are looking something amazing for the Lawn, Yard, outdoor Space as well as your Garden Then Mulch is the best option and we have it all at extremes of green!
Stop by today and get expert advice on the right mulch for your requirements. Visit Details Guys MD for the best advice and services. Details Guys MD for the top advice and expert services. They’d love to assist you with all of your mulch requirements!


Vision: To live on a sustainably cultivated land surrounded by a functioning forest ecosystem serving as a natural fire break. Promote the idea and support and inspire others to reduce the fire risk in the region.
Mission: To create a safe environment at Keela Yoga Farm and the surrounding region of Castelo Branco, Fundao and Penamacor.
When looking for land in Portugal, we were hoping to buy around 3 hectares (7.4 acres) of land and designate 1 hectare for reforestation. However we ended up buying 18.1 hectares (45 acres) of very fertile land and so our reforestation project is now going to be on a much larger scale. Click here to buy some trees at cost price for us to plant.
There are a lot of forests in Portugal, however they are usually planted specifically for farming and profit such as eucalyptus and pine trees. We will give our land for the following types of permanent reforestation:
10 hectares (25 acres) of native mixed forest.
This is a current barren area which was burned down in a wild fire around 5 years ago and now has some grasses and small trees popping up everywhere.
We will predominantly plant a variety of oaks (cork, holm, Portuguese, American) and a variety of other native trees that grow well here such as the strawberry tree, olive tree, chestnuts and alder. Please click here for the complete list.
We are aiming to create as much diversity as possible and will include an understory.
In between planting all these native trees, we will also plant faster growing trees such as pine. These trees will shoot up faster and provide some shade for the other native trees. Then after around 20 years we will clear most of the pine to use for any buildings, decking, benches or fence posts. This will be part of our carbon offsetting program as every time you grow a tree you are taking carbon out of the air and putting it into the wood. As long as you don’t burn the tree you are keeping the carbon out of the air.
After the pines have been harvested the native mixed forest will be left to thrive by itself with minimum human intervention. We will also leave at least 1 hectare completely to nature, this will be so we can observe what naturally occurs over the years.
Why not buy some trees on behalf of a friend or yourself for us to plant and offset your carbon footprint? Click here . We will buy the plants on your behalf and we will fund collection, planting and irrigation.
3 hectares of Food forest
This is in the areas with very fertile terraces that are currently overgrown with weeds and brambles and have some olive trees that require some attention. This area was historically used for growing vegetables and olive trees. They were burnt down by the wild fire and are now growing back naturally. We will be aiming to create a diversity of trees and plants that will provide us with food. A diversity of trees in a food forest, rather than a traditional orchard, creates a habitat for the food soil web and wildlife which then leads to soils that become increasingly more fertile. We will be spreading the trees out further to create more space for light to come to the understory so that we can plant an array of plants that will provide us with fruit, vegetables, nuts, firewood, timber and anything else that we can grow.
Please click here to learn more about food forests.
3 hectares of diversifying the existing forests
We already have some land that has many cork and holm oak trees but we plan to plant other trees around here to add diversity. Most locals will only keep cork trees in monoculture and plough everything in between them, destroying the food soil web and diversity. They do this as every 9 years the bark (cork) is removed from the tree and sold for insulation and wine bottles. If we can create income from our yoga classes and courses to cover the costs of living and reforestation, we will not need to cut the bark off.
2 hectares of open land and pasture
We can not reforest all of our land, open space is also nice 🙂
Help us with reforestation by buying baby trees. You buy the trees, we will supply the manure, tools and volunteers to plant them. Baby trees range from 1 EUR for 5 trees to 1 EUR for 1 tree, or can be upto 10 EUR for larger trees.


GM Crops in Africa: Who Stands To Benefit?
Cradle to Grave Care
- As the world rallies against climate change, a multimillion-dollar quest to develop drought and insect resistant crop varieties in Africa has gained track
- South African activist organisation, African Centre for Biodiversity has accused WEMA – a climate change project focused on developing hybrid and genetically modified maize seeds for smallholder farmers – of ‘green washing’ farmers to benefit a few big seed and agro-chemical companies
- The organisation wants the Gates Foundation and other projects donors such as USAID and DfID to shift their funding from ‘catastrophic green revolution interventions to genuine solutions’
A recent report co-authored by Oxford University academics put the agriculture sector at the top of a list of jobs that are threatened by computerisation and robots. The report titled Creativity versus Robots said the growing of cereals and fibre crops, raising dairy cattle, sheep and goats, mixed farming and marine fishing are among the least creative occupations, and are therefore prime candidates for automation.
Agriculture employs about 65% of the population in Africa and accounts for 32% of the continent’s overall GDP. There is no need for the sector’s stakeholders to panic yet, as this study focused on industrialised countries. However, going by the number of African governments seeking and adopting technology, the robots might not remain in the distant future for too long.
What is really alarming now is the rate at which big seed, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are becoming vertically integrated both upstream and downstream of farmers, and the credibility of various initiatives designed to adapt and mitigate climate change.
Climate change has affected agriculture production and particularly the cultivation of maize. Maize, the most popular staple crop in Africa, is extremely vulnerable to environmental factors such as drought and irregular rainfall. The existing projects aimed at developing drought- and insect-tolerant maize (hybrid and genetically modified) have seen varying degrees of success. One visible regional programme, perhaps due to the heavyweight backers, is the Water Efficient Maize for Africa (WEMA).
WEMA was launched in 2008, with a US$47 million pledge by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the Howard G Buffet Foundation. Seed and chemical maker Monsanto partnered in the initiative, offering its technology and technological support to implement the project. Other partners include the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) and the national agriculture research institutions in each WEMA countries, namely, Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Mozambique and Uganda. The Gates Foundation has so far given some US$85 million to WEMA.
WEMA aims to increase food security in sub-Saharan Africa through the development of ‘drought-tolerant maize using convectional breeding, marker-assisted breeding and biotechnology’ and to make it available to small-scale farmers ‘royalty free’, meaning it is available at a reduced price to some but not all farmers.
The project has made some breakthroughs in the recent past, although this has mainly been for its non-GM hybrid seed varieties. Last year WEMA harvested the first non-GM crops and the first varieties are expected to be in the market in the next two years. GM drought tolerant and insect resistant varieties are expected to follow suit. The technology could yield an extra two million tons of food that could feed up to 21 million people, according to Monsanto.
Critics of Monsanto say its participation in WEMA has provided an opportunity for the company to influence biosafety legislation in participating countries and clear the path for other commercially viable GM products.
Unimpressed by WEMA’s purported successes is the South Africa-based African Centre for Biodiversity (ACB), an activist organisation. ACB recently published a report labelling WEMA as ‘nothing more than corporate green washing designed to ensnare smallholder farmers into adopting hybrid and genetically modified maize in order to benefit seed and agro-chemical companies.’
The organisation wants the Gates Foundation and other donors involved such as USAID, DfID, SIDA and DANIDA to shift their funding from ‘catastrophic green revolution interventions’.
"The fact that WEMA project is being touted as a Climate Smart Agriculture case study is a shocking indication of how much ground has been lost to multinational agribusiness in the climate policy space in Africa and internationally," says Mariam Mayet, director of ACB.
The report titled Profiting from the Climate Crisis; Undermining Resilience: Gates and Monsanto's Water Efficient Maize for Africa (WEMA) Project claims WEMA, under the guise of philanthropy and fighting climate change, is facilitating a take over of ownership of maize breeding, seed production and marketing to the private sector.
The discourse on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has always been emotive, with proponents saying science trumps and that this is the best way to feed the burgeoning population. The opponents are adamant GM crops make consumers sick and don’t even live up to promises of increased yields. Caught in the middle is the public who really don’t know who to believe.
The fact that companies like Monsanto are able to patent seeds like software companies patent software is of grave concern in many quarters. Farmers are encouraged to abandon their traditional seed diversity and adopt GM-monocultures, locking them in long-term and dependent relationship with seed companies and other downstream players.
Policy advisor on climate and agriculture at Bread for the World, Eike Zaumseil, says WEMA justifies fears of civil society that Climate Smart Agriculture provides a dangerous platform for corporations to implement industrial agriculture.
“There is overwhelming evidence that industrial agriculture is destructive to people, biodiversity, seed, water, soils, and the climate,” he says.
The report also argues that Monsanto's GM drought tolerant maize is likely to spell disaster for smallholder farmers as it will not perform predictably under conditions of environmental stress - exactly the kind of conditions it is meant to thrive in.
"The inclusion of Monsanto's insect resistant GM maize MON810 into the WEMA project is astounding given that this variety has already dismally failed both commercial and smallholder farmers in South Africa," says Gareth Jones, the author of the report.
WEMA's partners have made their best maize germplasm lines available to the project, with Monsanto ‘donating' the drought-tolerant gene while retaining complicated intellectual property rights on it. Much of the germplasm from CIMMYT is the result of another Gates funded initiative, the Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa (DTMA) project. WEMA's implementing partner is the industry-backed African Agricultural Technology Agency (AATF).
“The WEMA model will reach only a select subsidised layer of small-scale farmers. Further, the costs and technical requirements of both GM and hybrid seed production, currently beyond the reach of small African seed companies, will inevitably lead to industry concentration, enabling multinational agrochemical/quasi seed companies to dominate," says Mayet.
Consolidation and vertical integration in the global seed industry is not novel and continues unabated, according to Professor Bruce Blumberg of University of California.
This month Monsanto made an offer to buy Swiss crop chemical company Syngenta for $45billion. A combination of the two companies would create the biggest provider of seeds and crop chemicals, challenging industry players such as Bayer, BASF, Dow Chemical and DuPont.
Says Professor Blumberg; “If you look at the graph (below) there is a vertical integration in the industry that is quite disturbing;
- Nearly all seed companies were, or are being purchased by pesticide and biotech companies.
- Pesticide and biotech companies are either owned by, or divested from pharmaceutical companies. The seed companies sell crops that are resistant to parent company’s pesticides and herbicides.
- This leads to increased agrochemical use. Increased use of agrochemicals probably leads to adverse health consequences. Pharmaceutical parent company’s drugs are used to treat these adverse health consequences
“I call it ‘cradle to grave’ care,” says Professor Blumberg.


Known as a friend of the farmer in need of a reliable cover crop, the Red Clover’s (Trifolium pretense) reputation changes when it appears in lawns to that of an uninvited guest. Michigan’s favorite cover crop is the Red Clover. It serves to increase organic matter and replace nitrogen in the soil after corn or small grain crops have exhausted the soil. Cursed as a weed, Red Clover is attacked with varieties of herbicides and digging-out methods by determined home-owners striving for the “perfect” lawn. A weed is any plant that is considered unwanted and like the saying goes, “one man’s trash is another’s treasure”, Red Clover falls into either category depending on one’s green space. I want to make note here that whether green lawn or farmland both of these habitats are man-made and non-native similar to the Red Clover’s official alien status.
The child in me remembers gently pulling a petal out of the round bloom and quickly sucking the bottom end to taste a single drop of sweet nectar. There is an art of carefully pulling out the petal so that you get the whole petal with that tiny sack of nectar at the base; pull too quickly and no nectar. The task was tedious and the reward was tiny, but decadent for the sweet loving child. Interestingly Red Clover is not a favorite of honey bees because of the long path to the nectar; bees aren’t able to easily harvest Red Clover nectar.
Friendly host to the Common Sulphur (Colias philodice) butterfly seen in this image, it is a favorite choice for egg laying as well as nectar dining.


Peterborough Grass Machinery offers you access to a wide range of commercial machinery, ranging from golf & turf equipment to garden, sports ground and leisure equipment. We supply various large businesses including stately homes, golf courses, councils and many more.
Additionally we have a long established relationship with the John Deere franchise and have much to offer in the form of knowledge and experience when it comes to professional groundcare equipment.
Peterborough Grass Machinery have a dedicated aftercare sales and servicing facility dedicated to professional and domestic users of garden equipment. For example, we will look after your warranty which means we will help you register your product with the manufacturer. Then if there is ever a problem all you need to do is come to us and we will carry out the repairs and keep your machine in top condition.
For enquiries about our range of commercial machinery call Chris Brown
on 07802 657 993


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The Fox Creek Community Garden is prepping for the season.
On May 4, volunteers topped up the garden boxes with extra soil and peat moss. The group also has a new cultivating tool that was purchased with the money raised from the bottles Lynne Parent and Al Hansen collected.
Currently there is 35 boxes ready to be planted in!
Millar Western donated more wood, enabling eight more boxes to be built. All garden boxes are rented, including the eight that will be built within the next week or two.
Allen Hansen, James Weber and Donna Moore have been faithful volunteers, working hard to get the garden boxes ready for this year’s planting season.
Two more owls (to scare away the ravens) and a new compost area that was built out of wooden pallets were added this year. Rockwater is again donating a porta-potty for community members to use throughout the season.
A meeting was held on May 3 for the community gardeners to review the gardening contacts and receive feedback; there is lots of excitement for the 2016 planting season!
For more information on the Community Garden, contact the Community Resource Centre – 780-622-3758.
“To plant a garden is to believe in tomorrow.” – Audrey Hepburn.Print This Post


- 4/14/2017 9:48:41 AM
- Jay Jackman
- Events / Entertainment
The 19th Annual Newhope Charities Golf Outing is coming up Fri., July 21, 2017, at the Twin Lakes Golf Club in Mansfield.
The Richland Soil and Water Conservation District is partnering with Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District to develop a grant program for producers who plant cover crops.
The Richland Area Chamber of Commerce announced they are sponsoring a business and cultural trip to Spain in November 2017.