Simon Drury Interiors was started in late 1979. Until 1981, when it was incorporated, there were only a few employees and resources, and was literally almost only "SIMON DRURY". At that time a small showroom (1,250 sq. ft.) was established in the Puerta de Tierra, of San Juan, which grew to an office/showroom area of 3,650 sq. ft. by 1985.
We developed a mobile responsive website that shows the client's catalog of products and their services.


Author: A Trihascaryo (1)
K E Westaway, J Louys, R Due Awe, M J Morwood, G J Price, J-X Zhao, M Aubert, R Joannes-Boyau, T M Smith, M M Skinner, T Compton, R M Bailey, G D van den Bergh, J de Vos, A W G Pike, C Stringer, E W Saptomo, Y Rizal, J Zaim, W D Santoso, A Trihascaryo, L Kinsley, B Sulistyanto
Genetic evidence for anatomically modern humans (AMH) out of Africa before 75 thousand years ago (ka) and in island southeast Asia (ISEA) before 60 ka (93-61 ka) predates accepted archaeological records of occupation in the region. Claims that AMH arrived in ISEA before 60 ka (ref. 4) have been supported only by equivocal or non-skeletal evidence.
View Full Text PDF Listings View primary source full text article PDFs.


My destination was the Monrovia Historical Museum.
There were a few connections that drew me to this location.
When I was a kid growing up in the 'Gem City', this building was the entrance to the swimming pool. It has now been converted to house memorabilia of the city's past and they are hosting a one day special exhibit I wanted to see.
I could not pass up the opportunity to sketch men on horseback dressed as Buffalo Soldiers of the late 1800's/early 1900's. The New Buffalo Soldiers, as they are called, are a staple on New Years Day as they proudly ride their steeds in the Rose Parade in Pasadena, CA. They brought with them displays of rifles, tents, slave purchase documents and other artifacts of that era. They also offered verbal history to anybody who would listen to the stories of these unique soldiers of the United States Cavalry and I was listening.
(New Buffalo Soldier John gave me a verbal history of the original and new Soldiers)
(Filing a horse's hoof)
(Blacksmith of the group)
The Blacksmith of the group 'posed' for me, sitting on a stump as he waited for another of the group so he could show him how to shoe a horse.
I was not completely ignorant of exploits of Buffalo Soldiers. As a lead animator on 'Atlantis:The Lost Empire,' I'd studied them as part of the backstory for my character, Dr. Joshua Sweet who had been a Buffalo Soldier before the story picks up.
This research gave me some insight into this aspect of Dr. Sweet's life and helped me bring vitality and believability to the animation of this character.
Another reason why I was interested in visiting the Museum was the occasion of this event, "Monrovia, California Honors Colonel Allen Allensworth. 100 years - A Visionary" read the headline of one newspaper.
Born a slave, through a fascinating series of events, Allensworth rose to be chaplain of the 24th Infantry Buffalo Soldiers and retired as Lt. Colonel Allen Allensworth, the highest ranking African American serviceman of his era.
Allensworth also founded the town that goes by his name Allensworth in Tulare County, CA. It was the first town in California founded, financed and governed by Black Americans. (There is more information online about Lt. Colonel Allensworth and the town of Allensworth- please do yourself a favor and look it up. friendsofallensworth.com and lt.col.allensworth)
To commemorate this date, the mayor of Monrovia, city council members, representatives from the Friends of Allensworth, Second Baptist Church, the city historian, the New Buffalo Soldiers and residents of the city all gathered to hear local TV host Ralph Walker and others talk about this extraordinary man.
Lastly, a special connection for me was that Lt. Colonel Allen Allensworth was the first pastor of the Second Baptist Church here in Monrovia, my church, three blocks away. And, on this date, 100 years ago, September 14th, 1914, the Reverend Allen Allensworth was struck by a motorcycle and killed as he walked from the train station to the church.
Neat opportunity to encounter history in my own community and be able to capture in my sketchbook.


PH Ross was founded in September 1975 and commenced trading on a site on Hanlon’s Corner the Old Cabra Road, in Dublin 7
In the early years of trading the company concentrated on its core product offering of heating and plumbing products and quickly established an enviable reputation as a specialist supplier to the Heating and Plumbing trade. With a well-trained and experienced work force the company grew steadily and expanded its product offering to include a range of bathroom and sanitary-ware products.
Over the years the original site and premises was extended and the business now has road frontage along Annamore Road as well as old Cabra Road.
PH Ross is superbly located close to the city centre, at Hanlon’s Corner on the Old Cabra Road and is now firmly established as one of the major Builders’ Merchants and Home Improvement Centres in Dublin.
The original founders sold the business in 2005 and today PH Ross is part of the HPC Group comprising of TJ O’MahonysBallymount and Kilshane, Common’s Hardware, C+D Providers, C+D Home & Hardware, & Arklow Building Supplies and McCarthys Hardware, Prosperous, Naas


He provided a picture of Queen Elizabeth II in black and white
On the day of Queen Elizabeth II’s burial, Liverpool star Mohammed Salah paid an emotional homage to the monarch.
In remembrance of the late monarch, the Reds attacker posted a picture of the Queen in black and white on Instagram. On Monday, September 19, the day of her funeral in Windsor, he posted the tribute.
“Today, the people of Great Britain and the world pay respect to and send adieu to her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, remembering her legacy and unyielding service,” the message stated.
“On this important and sentimental day, my thoughts are with the Royal Family.”
The Last Post was played at the conclusion of the State Funeral in Westminster Abbey, which was followed by a two-minute nationwide silence. The Queen’s casket was then carried from Buckingham Palace to Wellington Arch along The Mall, passing by it for the last time.
The Queen was then laid to rest in a modest chapel next to St. George’s Chapel, where her parents reside, after the casket was brought to Windsor Castle. She will lie in peace with her late husband Prince Philip, whose casket has been in the Royal Vault since his passing.
According to the Mirror, Prince Philip’s coffin will be transferred from the Royal Vault to the memorial chapel where it will join the Queen’s. The same company that created the coffin in which the Duke of Edinburgh is interred manufactured the Queen’s casket for her more than 30 years ago.
It was agreed that Prince Philip would not be buried until after the Queen’s passing when he passed away in April 2021. Prince Philip will be transferred so that they can be buried together and he can say goodbye to his wife for the last time.
There are currently 24 other royals interred at the Royal Vault in addition to the Duke of Edinburgh. These include Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck, the mother of Queen Mary, Prince Edward, the father of Queen Victoria, and the two sons of George III, Prince Alfred and Prince Octavius.


“Does Jamaica produce cocoa?” I just stared, puzzled as a leading chocolate blogger asked me one of the most stupid questions EVER!
I was in Grenada aka the Spice Island for their annual Chocolate Festival, it was more of a pilgrimage for me, to visit the Grenada Chocolate Company, a small organic maker that sells its award winning bars across the globe.
The firm is run by a co-op of farmers in the Eastern Caribbean nation, it was the genesis behind me becoming a chocolate maker four years ago.
Back then I managed to get in contact with Mott Green, one of the founders, I told him I’d tried his bars, loved what they were doing in promoting their Caribbean chocolate abroad and told him how I wished there was a similar thing in Jamaica.
To say Mott was direct would be an understatement and he flat out told me it had been done before, by Highgate Chocolate, a brand that dominated not only the shelves of Jamaican supermarkets but became a best seller across the Caribbean.
He then dropped the bombshell that he had bought his machinery from the St Mary based factory when it closed, re-engineered them to run oﬀ solar and now they were totally oﬀ the grid making organic carbon neutral bars, that were transported via sailboat to Europe.
He inspired me to go out and make chocolate, after all Jamaica is one of the only twenty-three countries in the world where fine and flavour cocoa can be grown; these types are considered superior to the large quantities of cocoa grown in Africa that makes up 75% of the global market.
Your average bar isn’t really chocolate, not technically speaking, it’s a mix of fillers and fats that cut costs and use only a tiny percentage of cacao, such low amounts that in some European Countries they’re legally not allowed to call it chocolate if it’s been stretched with vegetable oil or the low quality beans that have been enhanced with artificial flavourings.
But our history with chocolate in Jamaica has always been with the real deal, the highest grade. Our cocoa was originally one of the first crops grown by the Spanish when they took this island as their own. The earliest varieties to reach our shore were from Mexico and Central America.
It was a relatively cheap crop to grow and needed only a few people to be profitable. When the English came along they reported back to the Royal Court about the large number of Cocoa Walks they discovered in what is now St Catherine.
They also quickly looked for investors to buy land and plant more, it was an easy sell as the start up costs were much lower than that of the other big crop of the age, sugar; the only downside was that the trees took up to five years to bear, but as one historian told me cocoa was the “Viagra of its day” classed as an aphrodisiac: this new product on the European market was drunk by the rich and famous as well as the royal.
Sir Hans Sloan, who later went on to collect much of what became the British Museum, was a Dr posted to the island during that time. He wrote about chocolate and many believe he invented the hot chocolate drink that we know today adding milk to improve the taste. However it was commonly drunk that way by the Spanish but his version was a success. When the recipe was later manufactured by Cadbury’s and turned into a milk chocolate bar, the rest became history.
However a disease struck in the late 17th century which changed the face of this island as a “blast” destroyed much of the island’s cocoa. The planter class looked for a new way to make money and sugar was the one that reaped the biggest rewards; the only downside was it was labour intensive and so started the transportation of the enslaved, the failure of one crop changed this island’s landscape and people forever.
Things went quiet for cocoa until after emancipation when the colonial authorities decided to bring in the best of the best beans from Trinidad.
Over the years, species of cocoa from central and south America cross bread to create a new strain, hardy and disease resistant with an excellent taste and produced a lot of beans. This new variety was called Trinitario.
They started small, planting a few seedlings in bamboo pots transported to Castleton in St Mary; the Botanical Gardens were the perfect testing site. The plants thrived in the cool hills and soon tens of thousands were planted across the island.
In 1876, at the World’s fair that was being held in the US to mark its centenary, Jamaica won an award for its chocolate. FG Laugier of 26 King St won global recognition for locally made Jamaican Chocolate something that One/One Cacao repeated last year winning two International Academy of Chocolate Awards.
The island was never a major producer; countries like Grenada, Trinidad, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru were way bigger but it was the introduction of the crop on another continent that changed everything.
The West African countries of Ivory Coast and Nigeria were ideally suited to produce cocoa and they were also closer to the main European markets of London and Amsterdam. They came to dominate global production and still do.
However when in the late 19th century reports surfaced of slave labour being used on plantations, some manufacturers like Rowntree’s of York and Cadburys bought their own estates in the Caribbean. These early attempts at vertical integration failed badly with Rowntree’s selling their properties in Portland at a loss but Cadburys stayed put until they sold the business to Charles Clarke who started Highgate.
Which is where I came in. I never had a chance to tell Mott Green in Grenada about my new enterprise, he sadly died in a tragic accident in his chocolate factory in 2013.
The work of pioneers like him is the only hope for a country like ours that grows some of the best cocoa in the world, an industry worth over 100 billion a year. It’s time Jamaica gets back to its cocoa roots to reap the awards it so richly deserves.
Nick Davis is founder of One/One Cacao, a small manufactory in the cocoa-growing parish of St Mary that sources beans locally and across the island. In 2017 One/One Cacao won silver and bronze medals at the Academy of Chocolate Awards.


History of the Carlton Street Footbridge Controversey
the Relationship of the Footbridge to the Emerald Necklace Parks Master Plan
The Emerald Necklace Parks were designed by noted landscape architect, Frederick Law Olmsted, in the late 19th century. The Park Necklace begins at Boston's Back Bay Fens, follows along the course of the Muddy River through The Riverway and Jamaica Pond to Olmsted Park (Arnold Arboretum), and on to Franklin Park (now Franklin Park Zoo) in West Roxbury.
The Carlton Street Footbridge is a steel truss pedestrian footbridge dating from the 1890's. When built, it spanned the Boston & Albany Highland Branch railroad tracks from Carlton Street in Brookline, to the Muddy River/Riverway section of the Emerald Necklace Park. In 1959 the Highland Branch was converted into the MBTA's Riverside trolley line.
The bridge was closed almost 40 years ago because of neglected maintenance, structural deterioration and because closure was deemed necessary for public safety.
The historical argument for restoration rests on the assertion that the Carlton Street Footbridge is an integral part of Olmsted's vision of Riverway Park. Research by Olmsted scholars reveals the opposite. Though we are told that Olmsted was by nature an obsessive organizer who committed all his plans to paper, it is noteworthy that:
- The bridge does not appear on the 1881 map of the project. The 1881 map shows the Chapel Station at the present location of the bridge. The Chapel Street Station was a flag stop for the Boston and Albany Railroad, where pedestrians crossed at grade. There was also a flag stop, slightly further down the line, at Longwood.
- The bridge also does not appear on an 1887 map of the project, which does show the Chapel Street Station, Carlton Street and Monmouth Court.
- On the 1889 map, we see TWO suggestions for a bridge - one at Carlton Street and one at Hawes Street.
- The bridge also does not appear on an 1892 map, which does show a path at Carlton Street to the Chapel Street Station flag stop. On this map, you can very clearly see a bridge at Hawes Street.
- Finally, an 1894 map of the project shows the bridge at HAWES Street and NOTHING at Carlton Street.
In his 1881 plan, the entry point at Carlton Street merely showed the existing well-worn path used to reach the flag stop to the Boston-Albany Railroad. Olmsted seemingly found it convenient to extend this path into his proposed park. The first indication of a footbridge appears 11 years later, presumably in response to a documented request from a citizen of the Town of Brookline, who considered a footbridge a safety measure at that location.
By 1893, Olmsted had completed his design plan for the Park and was travelling abroad. By the time the bridge design was chosen in 1894, Olmsted was no longer actively engaged in design or implementation of the Emerald Necklace (Riverway Park) project (Pressley Associates Report, p. 14). It is clear that the Carlton Street Footbridge was built as an expedient solution, designed by others, and was not an integral part of Olmsted's vision of the park.
Research indicates the Carlton Street Footbridge, a steel truss bridge, was designed by Alexis French, the Brookline Town Engineer and built in 1894, while the remaining bridges in the Emerald Necklace - 17 in all - were designed by Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge in close collaboration with Olmsted and constructed with granite or boulders. In fact, Olmsted rejected all efforts to build iron bridges as suggested to him by Boston's engineer - a Mr. Davis - who preferred iron bridges for economic reasons.
Olmsted preferred brick or even wood and made no secret of his dislike for the engineering mentality. Research indicates that his strong preference was to use boulders. In the end, he and Mr. Davis agreed to use boulders for smaller bridges and granite for larger ones. (It is interesting to note that Cynthia Zaitzevsky in her exhaustive study, "Frederick Law Olmsted and the Boston Park System" makes no mention of the Carlton Street Footbridge.)
Proponents of restoration point to Central Park's Bow Bridge as an example of Olmsted agreeing to the use of metal in bridges. This bridge was done in collaboration with Claude Veaux and is hardly a suitable comparison to the Carlton Street Footbridge.
Bow Bridge in NYC
The choice of Alexis French rather than Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge and the selection of steel (as opposed to even iron) as the material of choice for the Carlton Street Footbridge are further evidence of Olmsted's lack of involvement in this undertaking. Even for Alexis French, the Carlton Street Footbridge was not a noteworthy achievement. French's obituary, appearing in the Brookline Chronicle in 1915, which did list numerous other projects he had completed, fails to mention the Carlton Street Footbridge.
Compare Olmsted bridges in the Park (see below) with the Carlton Street Footbridge.
Do these bridges look anything like the Carlton Street Footbridge?
The Carlton Street Footbridge was given historical status not because of its form or function, but because it was built one year before the end of the arbitrarily designated time period of Olmsted's involvement in Riverway Park.


WXEL, Florida's First presenting station is affiliated with PBS, the Public Broadcasting Service.
Florida’s First is a documentary series that uncovers Florida’s impact on American history. This series will introduce the historical pioneers that shaped the great state but will also find the important scientists, engineers and business leaders that are making a difference today. Each sixty-minute episode explorse the untold stories of real people who are pivotal to Florida’s history and future. These are compelling stories of perseverance, determination and the struggle every explorer must face in order to firmly imprint their name in history. This penninsula holds a treasure chest of amazing people, places and stories.


On Saturday, October 19, 2019, we celebrated our 25th anniversary of making a difference on the border with a special fiesta in Mexico! It was an incredibly special day, and it would not have been possible without all of you who supported the fiesta through donations and prayers. We were touched that so many people traveled down from across the U.S. to be a part of that special day, including many of our current and former members of the Board of Directors. And finally, we have to thank our staff – especially our logistics team – for their hard work and effort to pull off such a fantastic celebration.
Here’s to the next 25 years… and more! 🎉


SKS Manufacturing, Inc. business is currently FOR SALE.
Before the Thro-Mor Pump:
In the late 1890’s, Uniontown native Emmitt Cleveland Ricks began to develop the business of manufacturing coke-drawing machines for local SW Pennsylvania coke yards. Under the company name “Rick’s Manufacturing and Supply”, he chose to manufacture the Covington Coke Drawing and Loading Machine, designed by the Covington Machine Company in Covington, Virginia. He found a home to cast his steel parts and build the machine by purchasing an old brick furnace foundry at the present address of 45 Miller Avenue in Uniontown, PA. As a supplier to the coal and steel industry, Mr. Rick’s coke machines followed the industry’s unending upward trend of the times in western Pennsylvania to become an extremely wealthy man. His machines were a great success. Each machine was boasted in print ads to be able to draw, screen, and load into rail cars the coke from 50 beehive ovens per day. Today, the company archives still hold photographs taken of his coke drawing machines at work, which were featured in “Coal Age” magazine in 1906.
Opportunity “knocks” for the Thro-Mor Piston Pump:
By the 1920’s, E.C. Ricks had built a vast business, and deep relationships with landmark people of the steel and coal industry. With manufacturing interests like his father, E.C.’s son Robert Hunter Ricks (1915-2006) decided to follow in similar footsteps of his father. Grounded in studies in industrial engineering at Purdue University and Penn State University in 1938, Robert (Bob) came back to work with his father. But, soon Bob would get the chance to build his own manufacturing empire.
U.S. Steel Corporation (started in 1901) had diversified holdings. Included was a mining division, which encompassed many coalmines in the Mid-Atlantic Region. Some of the top producing mines of this region often went head to head with underground water in their efforts to remove seams of coal. The water was often acidic, unfiltered, abrasive, and needed to be pumped up steep runs to exit the mine. Pumps of the time were unable to stand up to the challenge, especially on a continuous pumping schedule. U.S. Steel had to solve the riddle, and Bob Ricks was soon to be their answer. After meetings discussing the issue, Bob re-designed a series of a piston pumps he later patented the “Ricks Thro-Mor” pump. The pump was built with outstanding durability and simplicity. Not only would it accept all the challenges the mine and its water had to offer, but it would do it 24 hours a day/365 days a year. If a pump component needed replaced, its simple design allowed for quick repair and return to duty. Also, the pumps rock solid construction allowed for a rebuild of the pump when its internal components finally became wore (instead of disposal of the machine). Even today Thro-Mor’s come back to our shop with serial tags from the 1940’s and 50’s… are rebuilt, and sent back into service.
The Thor-Mor continued to be a big hit, and mines everywhere were using it as a gathering pump for mine dewatering. Mr. Rick’s manufactured the pump at his father’s Coke Machine building plant. This way, all the pumps’ parts were cast and fully machined on site. As the coke business of the region slowed in the 1960’s, Bob’s pumps became the primary business at his father’s plant. He continued to grow and build a great company until his retirement in 1997.
The Thro-Mor sees new management:
In 1997 Mr. Ricks sold the company to Steve and Karen Stanish of Uniontown, PA. They have continued the manufacturing and development of new Thro-Mor’s, parts and service, and re-building Thro-Mor’s. They operate as SKS Manufacturing, and have kept the company producing Thro-Mor’s in the original plant at 45 Miller Avenue in Uniontown that the Rick’s family used for over 100 years. We are proud to say that you will find our Thro-Mor’s hard at work in some of the United State’s top producing underground coalmines and other industrial applications. If you have water to move, we want to help


Like the original, our Kids NASA coat features the well-known Meatball patch and other decorative patches. Knit cuffs, waistband/collar and Alpha utility pocket gives this MA 1 the fit of the genuine military coat. The warm, 100% nylon outer shell and polyester lining on this space jacket are machine washable.
Introduced by the mid-1950s, the MA-1 became the flight jacket of U.S. Air Force and Navy pilots and ground crew. Designed for use in temperatures of 14-50 degrees F, the MA-1 had a 100% wool knit collar, waistband and cuffs. The MA-1 discarded the mouton fur collar of its predecessor, the B-15, because it interfered with the parachute harness worn by aviators. Other features of the jacket included a tab that the oxygen mask was clipped to, tabs to hold the headset wires in place and the original U.S. Air Force decal. These features were eventually removed from the flight jacket as it was adopted by other branches of the U.S. Armed Forces and equipment for pilots changed
BENEFITS: Water Resistant Reversible
FEATURES: Alpha logo on zig-zag zipper extension MA-1 utility pocket on sleeve Sleeve shirring NASA patches on chest American flag patch on shoulder Two lower flap pockets Two interior welt pockets Knit rib collar, cuffs and waistband Ottoman knit cuffs
LENGTH: Above Hip
RECOMMENDED WEATHER: Intermediate Weather
SHELL: 100% Flight Nylon
LINING: 100% Polyester
FILL: 100% Polyester
RECOMMENDED CARE INSTRUCTIONS:
Machine wash cold gentle cycle. Do not bleach. Tumble dry low. Do not iron. Or dryclean.


Yarmouth is the most western harbour on The Isle Of Wight. This pretty harbour and town offer plenty of fine restaurants and pubs.
This is a frequent stop over for C2 RIBs and is favoured by many of our clients.
The Harbour had existed for several hundred years before it became a Trust Port in 1931.
The square in the town centre is a bustling hub of community and tourist life.
The pride of Yarmouth's architecture is it's unique Victorian timber built pier, which was constructed in 1876 and received a full restoration job during the 1990s.
The town's impressive promenade is a lovely place to stroll and take in the magnificent views across the Solent.
This port is close to the Needles channel at Hurst Point Castle with the lighthouse. Hurst Castle was the perfect location to defend the western approach to the Solent.
The castle was built by Henry VIII as one of a chain of coastal fortresses and was completed in 1544.
Charles I was imprisoned here in 1648 before being taken to London to his trial and execution.
The castle was modernised during the Napoleonic wars and again in the 1870's when the enormous armoured wings were constructed.
Two of the huge 38-ton guns installed in the 1870's can be viewed in their casemates.
During World War II, Hurst was manned with coastal gun batteries and searchlights.
Yarmouth harbour also is a location to start a tour down to The Needles Battery at the far Western End of the island.
Aboard our boats you get to see the spectacular lighthouse and chalk cliffs.
Please call us on 07956 339 303 to discuss your requirements.


Les Sables-d’Olonne has a nautical consciousness that dates back to man’s first connection with the sea. During the Roman empire it was an important crossroads thanks to its harbor, “Le Havre d’Olonne”.
Famous as the leading cod fishing harbor into the 17th century, the “Belle Epoque” for Les Sables -d’Olonne really began in the early 1800s. The rising popularity of “ocean bathing” brought sophistication in the form of resort hotels, casinos, cafes and beach front restaurants. The same ambiance that first attracted the aristocracy and artistic class is awake and flourishing today. Walk the beach front rambla and you will feel it for yourself.
Today, Les Sables-d’Olonne is famous for being the home of the Vendée Globe single-handed, non-stop, yacht race around the world and Privilège has played an important role from the very beginning.


Before a Jewish community builds a shul or even a school, they are required to build a cemetery. From this we learn that end-of-life issues, ritual burial and cemetery service planning are an integral part of Jewish life. With a tradition of faithful service, Congregation Shearith Israel has provided Jewish burial and cemetery services for more than 130 years.
Shearith Israel Memorial Park 4634 Dolphin Road
Located near Fair Park, Shearith Israel Memorial Park opened in the late 1800s and is rich with Texas Jewish history. For more information about ritual Jewish burial, or to purchase cemetery plots, please contact our Ritual and Cemetery Director, Avi Mitzner.
Directions to Shearith Israel Memorial Park:
Take Central Expressway (I-75) south past downtown Dallas to I-30 east (284-A).
Go east (left) on I-30 and exit at Dolphin Road (exit 49B).
Turn south (right) on Dolphin Road approximately 0.8 miles.
The cemetery will be on your left.
Opens at 7:00 am – Sunday through Friday
Closes at 4:00 pm on Friday
Closes at 5:00 pm – Sunday through Thursday
Closed all day on Saturday and on Jewish Holidays
Cemetery plots and services are also available to Shearith members at Sparkman Hillcrest Memorial Park.


Between February 1st & 2nd, 1959, nine Russian hikers died mysteriously while traversing the Ural Mountains. The group was led by Igor Dyatlov, who was one of the nine dead found by searchers and authorities over the course of three months. Hypothermia contributed to the deaths, but there was also the presence of brutal physical trauma that defied explanation. Broken bones, a fractured skull, and the strange disappearance of eyes and a tongue are just a few of the things that haunted both investigators and civilians. This was known as the Dyatlov Pass Incident. All you need to know about the case is on Dyatlovpass.com
Over half a century has passed since the incident occurred, and there are still just as many questions surrounding it today as there were when it occurred. Join us on February 1st, the 63rd anniversary of the mysterious incident, as we discuss it with Teodora Hadjiyska, the foremost expert and co-author of “1079: The Overwhelming Force of Dyatlov Pass“. Will we finally learn what happened all those years ago or will the answers remain hidden beneath the ice and snow of the Ural Mountains?
You can listen LIVE or on-demand here:


Inspired from the Japanese code of honors, The Rei Jin collection was named after the renowned Bushido codes. The codes translates to philosophy and system of believes that has governed the life of noble warriors and Samurai many centuries ago. It has been the way of warriors that emphasized devotion, honor, courage, skill in the martial arts, and loyalty above all else.
The word Rei translates to respect, and Jin means compassion.
Imbued with distinctive legacy of Japanese war spirit, The Rei Jin collection explores inspirations and designs by marrying the concept of history of war, fashion utility and leather. We released the special collection with three items: Holster, Mini Bag, and Saddle Bag.
Recollecting the legacy and memories of the Japanese war spirit and code of honors, this is our take on the indelible history.
Rei Jin Saddle Bag & Rei Jin Mini Sling Bag
When designing The Rei Jin Mini Sling Bag, we traveled back in time to the year 1870 taking place in the Japanese Samurai era.
Samurai has devoted themselves to Japanese material arts and has een widely famous for being a symbol of war. Passing down legacies showing chivalry, philosopies, loyalty and honour until death.
The Rei Jin Mini Sling Bag was inspired from the armors of The Japanese Samurai, Karuta. Armor of the Samurais are very elaborate; carefully arranged parts with immense details that serves a purpose on every small features.
Each individual armor parts of the suit has a name. When designing, we were heavy inspired by the construction and model of Sode: large rectangular shoulder protection with iron metal pieces layered upwards resulting in the design of the bag flap.
The style and attention to detail of the Samurai period in Japan has inspired us in so many ways creating the collection.
Rei Jin Holster
When designing The Rei Jin Holster, we took a step back to the period of 1939 – 1945 where World War II occurred.
During the second World War, The Japanese had a remarkable war spirit ethos. They deployed Kamikaze pilots: suicide bomber pilots that mobilized their aircrafts as a weapon and crashed into enemy ships.
It was and still a debate controversial history; where one would think it is a crazy brainwash act to win and save the nation. But looking at a different prespective, it reflects a portrait of patriotism, selflessnesss, bravery and necessity.
As part of their duty to protect and survive the war, these Kamikaze pilots would wear vest where they would store small items and rations for easy carry and quick movements during the intense measure. The Rei Jin Holster was inspired from the story of countless young Japanese Kamikaze pilots that did everything they could as it was a self-sacrifice for all.
Click here to Shop the Collection
Article written by Juanita Inez
Concept by Stephen Panghegar, Burhan Poetra, Agung D.K. , Juanita Inez, Andrew Budianto
Photo by Agung D.K.
Graphic design by Burhan Poetra


Greg Wilson on Jimmy Saville
“On a personal level, I agree that Jimmy Savile was undoubtedly an innovator of UK club culture, as well as being the first Superstar DJ in this country, but I find it difficult to regard him as a DJ father figure when he patently wasn’t a man of music”
An absolute gem of an article, dealing with the fallout from the Jimmy Saville scandal and in particular it’s significance in the history of the role of the DJ. Greg pulls no punches about the implications for another much loved former BBC DJ unaccountable for his misdemeanour’s in death, John Peel, and drops some measured input on the historical assertions Saville made about his pioneer status alongside the likes of Kool Herc, Franics Grasso and many more. Bit of a long read butt essential anyone with any kind of interest in DJ culture.


The city of Marquette is surrounded by twenty-four miles of beaches and is the closest natural harbor from the ore deposits in the Western UP and the Soo Locks. It only took five years after the discovery of iron in present day Negaunee for Marquette to spring up from temporary settlements to a bustling industrial city. Today, Marquette is more of a college town and tourist attraction for mountain bikers, hikers, and health enthusiasts; but the Queen City of the North has a rich history.
Before European exploration, Marquette was home to the Ojibwa people who still survive in the region today. After iron was discovered in 1844 by William Burt, an American surveyor, immigrants flooded into the UP. Immigrants and the Ojibwa people lived in harmony together with the help of the chief, Charlie Kawbawgam. Kawbawgam became the guide and mail carrier between L’Anse and other settlements throughout the area and worked closely with Peter White, a prominent figure in Marquette’s history. The Kawbawgam’s lived on Presque Isle, where their grave is marked by a huge natural boulder.
While the mines were being excavated, Marquette’s piece in the puzzle was to efficiently ship the ore from the mines to the rest of the world. It is estimated that 97% of iron used during World War II came from UP mines. Because of Marquette’s role of shipping ore, the docks were guarded by a military base stationed at Pictured Rocks. There were also watch towers stationed around Marquette itself. The most notable is Graveraet High School. With the threat of war declining, the production and mining fluctuated year to year and caused Marquette’s once booming shipping industry to slow down and leave only one functioning dock in Upper Harbor.
But the story of Marquette does not stop at the harbors. Marquette’s industry has shifted from once an industrial city to that of a college town and tourist destination. Marquette’s central location allows visitors to stop in for the weekend or stay for the summer. Students attending Northern Michigan University can explore some of the oldest land forms in the world along with pursuing their degree in higher education. People may also stop in to take advantage of the Level II Trauma Center part of the UP Health Systems.
No matter the industry that may come or go from the area, Marquette will somehow find its way through history to make it work. From once a peaceful home for the Ojibwa tribe or hustle and bustle of trains and ships to the day trippers and seasonal residents, Marquette is called the Queen City of the North for its adaptation.
The history above is of course very brief, and all information was researched at the Marquette Regional History Center. If you a wish to see a more in-depth history of any topic about Marquette, please leave a comment below and check back frequently for a new posting.


SIGN OUR GUESTBOOK
The Kansas City Chapter of the Iron Order Motorcycle Club (MC) was formed in January 2009 in Kansas City, MO by a group of five men committed to brotherhood, friendship, community contribution, and over arching sense of national patriotism and pride. Our founding did not happen overnight. Months were spent assessing our ideas and beliefs, and searching for an organization that shared the values we shared. We found that in the Iron Order Motorcycle Club. The Iron Order MC is a non-territorial club consisting of members from all walks of life. Participation in our club is considered a privilege, and due to this, membership is required to remain lawful, participatory and contributory. Iron Order Kansas City welcomes the public to consider membership within the Iron Order MC and we extend an invitation to participate in our chapter’s events so we may better learn who you are, why you wish to participate, and if we are an organization for you.
2009-2015, Iron Order MC, Iron Trail Chapter, LLC.
“And they shall gather in a circle, wrought of iron, forged from the spirit of their souls. In times past, many great warriors gathered together to form an Order that would change the face of the world as it was known. They gathered not for glory or for greed, but for Fellowship. It was their spirit that would shape the face of the future, paving a roadway for generations that would follow." ~ Richard the Lionheart


some of Scotland’s most famous political and historical
figures in this celebration of Scotland’s heritage. More
than 5,000 bag pipers and hundreds of spectators take over 6th
Avenue for a parade and a party that lasts into the night.
The film includes interviews with such notables as the Earl of
Caithness whose lineage can be traced straight back to the Viking
kings. It teaches us why Scots have so much to be proud of with
their long and rich history.


“Oh the sweet smell of success”
I built a big f***ing restaurant and bar in an old bottling plant in 1981 and it’s still there operating as Vons Steak House & Oyster Bar. I added a bistro on the second floor later.
Some new things
Our house wine was Mondavi from California and that was a first. At that time, house wines were from either Italy or France.
The premises was wheelchair accessible for the most part.
The bistro served fresh pasta made on site and had a CO2 wine bottle system. These were early innovations for the foodservice industry.
My brother and I created the board game – Duck Soup…The Restaurant Game. This was after I lost the restaurant through bankruptcy. Hopefully, it will become an online game.
I can wrap up my best night as a restaurateur with this particular Friday. If only…
All of my ventures have been of a high standard, and I’m proud of them to this day.


- Series: Nerf Action
- Ammo capacity: 1 arrow, 1 dart
- Range: 35-40 feet
- Released: 1995
The Nerf Crossbow was the first Nerf weapon ever made that had the ability to fire two types of ammo (darts and arrows).
Firing the Nerf Crossbow is simple. You pull back the handle until it locks in place, and release the tension with a pull of the trigger. Yes, a trigger. The Nerf Crossbow was the first Nerf arrow weapon that could be fired with a trigger.
If you have a Nerf Crossbow in your possession, take good care of it. This is the most sought after Nerf gun out there.


Top 6 Reasons to Discover Whitewater
Nestled within the trees, lakes, prairies, and hills of the Kettle Moraine State Forest in southeastern Wisconsin, is Whitewater, a city rich with opportunity and exploration.
Scenic Kettle Moraine
Whitewater is nestled in the beautiful Kettle Moraine, come join us for a hike, bike, or run.
Premier Arts Opportunities
Word class art, music, and theater are all available right on Main Street.
Elite Athletic Teams
National Championship winning UW-Whitewater athletics are not to be missed.
4th of July Festival, Whitewater Aquatic Center, Young Memorial Library, and Whitewater Makerspace are just a few of the many opportunities for people of all ages.
From Downtoan to UW-Whitewater to the west side, you can walk throughout the community to take advantage of all we have here.
Enjoy the Area Lakes
Enjoy the area lakes including Whitewater Lake, Rice Lake, Cravath Lake, and Tripp Lake. There are plenty of recreational opportunities – fishing, swimming, kayaking, boating, etc.
What Our Members Are Saying
Fairhaven relies on the excellent work done by the Whitewater Area Chamber of Commerce. Many of our residents have roots in Whitewater. However, their families are often spread all over the country. When those families visit their loved one at Fairhaven they are often unfamiliar with the community. The Chamber website and Discover Whitewater community booklet are a great resource for these visitors. Each new resident receives a copy of Discover Whitewater in their Welcome to Fairhaven package.
Long before the city’s official founding, the area was home to many different ancient peoples. The most recent historic Native American tribe living in the Whitewater area was the Potawatomi. The soft white clay found in Whitewater Creek gave the water a whitish appearance and the community its name: Whitewater.
Samuel Prince is credited as the first permanent white settler in the Whitewater area after he built the first log cabin home in July 1837. Many of the earliest Whitewater settlers hailed from upstate New York and came to Wisconsin in search of new economic opportunities, like farming. At this time, wheat was the top-producing crop in the state. However, local farmers needed somewhere to process their harvested wheat crops. In 1839, settlement leaders sought the assistance of Dr. James Trippe, a wealthy southeastern Wisconsin businessman, to build both a dam and grist mill on East Main Street. Whitewater was well on its way to a solid start.
A Maturing Village
It did not take long for Whitewater to blossom into a lively hub of industrial activity. The Milwaukee & Mississippi Railroad (later the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad or the “Milwaukee Road”) laid the first tracks through Whitewater in 1852. Additionally, in 1868, Whitewater Normal School (known today as the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater) opened its doors as a state teachers’ college. Both of these developments further ensured Whitewater’s permanent place on the map.
The Industrial Era
Throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century, agriculture continued to be an important component of the city’s livelihood. This includes the production of agricultural equipment by the Esterly Manufacturing Company as well as plows and wagons by the Winchester & Partridge Manufacturing Company. These factories were the main employers in town, especially for the many newly arriving European immigrants to southeastern Wisconsin.
The Commercial Era
Despite the abrupt closure of both of the Esterly and Winchester & Partridge factories in the 1890s, Whitewater still maintained close ties with the agricultural industry, especially the dairy industry. Many local farmers brought their milk to local milk plants as well as the many cheese factories and creameries. Other employers included the Whitewater Canning Company and the Whitewater Raincoat Factory. These industries, as well as the continued growth of the Whitewater Normal School, helped Whitewater thrive throughout the first half of the twentieth century.
The Contemporary Era
After WWII, Whitewater saw significant growth in many different forms. With the post-war population and economic booms, shopping options expanded in many cities like Whitewater to beyond just the downtown district. In addition, the University saw a substantial increase in their offered programs and, subsequently, enrollment, spurring the construction of the first dorm buildings in the 1950s. The physical boundaries of the city grew as well, with new housing and businesses stretching the city limits to their largest proportions.
Whitewater of Today
Today, Whitewater is a bustling city full of many kinds of activity. Many companies call Whitewater’s Business Park home, maintaining the area’s tradition of manufacturing and production. The University of Wisconsin-Whitewater continues to be the largest employer in town, serving over 12,000 students between its Whitewater and Janesville campuses.
Visit the Discover Whitewater Office
To learn more about Whitewater’s history, and for information regarding local landmarks, businesses, recreation, entertainment, and more, stop by our office at 150 W. Main Street.


Innovation and Reliability in the Asphalt Paving Industry
Roadtec is a part of Astec Industries, a corporation known as a world leader in asphalt paving equipment. Founded in 1981, Roadtec began as a manufacturer of asphalt pavers. The 455 and 465 pavers were the first models built in Dalton, Georgia.
In 1986, the Barber-Greene Company was acquired to augment the product line. At that time, Barber-Greene was a major producer of pavers, milling machines, trenchers, crushers and asphalt plants. With the combined technology of Roadtec and the Barber-Greene Company, the paver line continued, along with the milling machines, and the concept of the material transfer vehicle was born. The first material transfer vehicle was the MTD 3500.
The Barber-Greene paver line was sold to Caterpillar in 1991 and Roadtec reorganized in Chattanooga, Tennessee to manufacture and market the entire line of road building equipment for Astec Industries. This included asphalt pavers and milling machines. It was around this time that the smaller, modern day Shuttle Buggy® material transfer vehicle evolved from the larger MTD 3500, rounding out the product line.


Honolulu Surfing Museum
Client: Jimmy Buffet's Margaritaville
Surfing as an activity is more than three thousand years old, full of stories, culture and artifacts. All that history is on full display at the Honolulu Surfing Museum located at the Jimmy Buffett’s Beachcomber Restaurant, which does not fail to educate and enthrall even the most hardcore surfing enthusiasts. On a surf trip up the California coast, Jimmy Buffet discovered a tiny Santa Barbara Surfing Museum run by surfer and antique collector James O’Mahoney. Thanks to Buffet’s entrepreneurial spirit, ingenuity, and vision, today, surfers and historians can sample the intrigue of this surfing Mecca while recharging with a cheeseburger before heading back out to catch some waves!
The Honolulu Surfing Museum at Jimmy Buffets Lifeguard Bar in Hawaii is a work of A&ES art through and through. The museum itself houses a superb array of surfing and historical artifacts, all professionally presented in museum casing and mounts but with a definite, laid-back vibe. Visitors can see the development of some of the most significant surfboards from the last century of surfing or gaze in wonderment at pieces made famous by their owners. The Honolulu Surf Museum atmosphere keeps the expected, consistently chilled out ambiance. While it is informative and educational about the development and sport of surfing, the emphasis is clearly on fun as visitors stroll through the exhibits in their board shorts and flip-flops, with a cocktail from the museum bar in hand.


Why has Russian imperialism been largely ignored in Western academia? Read an analysis by Atilla Can Ekici, a doctoral student at the University of Plymouth.
This guest post is by Atilla Can Ekici. Atilla completed his master's degree at Birkbeck, University of London in 2020. He continues his doctoral education at the University of Plymouth, which he started in 2021 under the guidance of Dr Patrick Holden. His main areas of work are Saudi Arabia, Iran, foreign aid, and the Middle East.
The invasion of Ukraine, which started in February of 2022, continues to be at the top of the world agenda, but should we be surprised by this invasion? Not when we remember that Russia has actually been in Crimea since 2014 and look at Russia's actions, both before and after the Soviets.
Discussions of imperialism and colonization have long been an integral part of Western academia, with British and French imperialisms being studied closely and thoroughly. However, one major player in the colonial landscape has often been overlooked: Russia.
In this blog post, we will explore the article by Botakoz Kassymbekova published on Aljazeera about why Russian imperialism has largely been ignored by Western academia.
It is important to note that not all Western academia has ignored Russia's imperial nature or recent activities in Georgia and Ukraine. However, there have been certain mainstream perspectives and areas of study within academia, particularly within the fields of politics and international relations, that have overlooked or downplayed these issues.
It is important to recognize the diversity of perspectives within academia and to be specific about which perspectives are being referred to when discussing these issues. Kassymbekova does not seem to prefer this much, and in more general terms she criticises the western academy in her article.
A brief history of Russian Imperialism
Russian imperial ambitions date back to the 16th century when the Grand Principality of Moscow, or Muscovy, proclaimed itself the third Rome, the successor of the Byzantine Empire, and protector of all Orthodox Christians. Kassymbekova says that the Russian Empire's ambitions began in the 16th century, and by the mid-19th century, it was one of the largest land empires.
The Bolsheviks, after the October Revolution, fought to maintain imperial borders despite proclaiming an end to Russian imperialism. Stalin embraced Russian nationalism, privileging ethnic Russians and promoting Russification. Soviet colonisation included purging native leaders and disparaging non-Russian cultures.
Despite this long history, according to Kassymbekova the Soviet Union and its legacy of colonialism have often been disregarded by Western scholars. For many, the idea of Stalin leading a post-colonial state seemed more plausible, and Soviet coloniality was dismissed, partly due to the Russo-centric knowledge of the Soviet Union in the West.
Furthermore, the Soviet Union became a space for projections for those who sought to criticise capitalism and Western imperialism, further obscuring the reality of Russian colonialism. Those who blamed capitalism for oppression believed that its elimination would end all forms of oppression. They saw the Soviet Union as an internationalist project that brought equality and freedom to formerly subjugated peoples. Violence against various nations and ethnic groups was either ignored or treated as a necessary evil in the transition to communism.
How can international relations students interpret the changing Saudi-American alliance? Read an analysis of the current situation:
According to the author, western academia often overlooked Soviet coloniality, focusing on individuals and official proclamations rather than Stalin's obsession with maintaining Russian imperial borders using tsarist Russia's toolkit. Knowledge about the Soviet Union in the West was Russo-centric, with non-Russian émigrés dismissed as conservative ideologues.
The Soviet Union was seen as an internationalist project opposing capitalism and Western imperialism, leading to the dismissal of violence against various nations and ethnic groups. Soviet studies focused on Moscow and Leningrad, with little understanding of peripheral uprisings. The 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union did not result in a rigorous examination of Russia's colonial legacy, unlike post-WWII decolonisation waves in other regions.
In Russia, the dominant narrative was one of victimhood, while in the West, the Soviet Union's collapse was a shock. Many admired Gorbachev and his reforms. Western fear of chaos led to viewing independence movements within the Soviet space as destructive ethnonationalism. The myth of the Soviet Union as a nation-builder led the West to see Russia as having a sphere of influence.
According to the author, the focus on victimhood and the lack of acknowledgment of Russian imperialism has led to a limited understanding of the country's more recent actions. Western academia and political circles had little to say about the genocidal wars Boris Yeltsin and his successor, Vladimir Putin, led in Chechnya. Instead of recognising the Chechens' claims to sovereignty and nationhood, the West readily accepted the portrayal of Chechens as bandits, nationalists, and terrorists.
This same blindness has affected the perception of Russian imperial ambitions in Eastern Europe, such as the 2008 war on Georgia and the annexation of Crimea. The West overlooked Russian imperial ambitions in Eastern Europe. Currently, there are scholars who acknowledge the necessity of conducting a moral evaluation of their perspectives in order to identify how they have adopted the viewpoint of the Russian government as the standard.
Condemnation of Russia's actions in Ukraine and Georgia is not solely the responsibility of Western countries or academia. All countries and individuals have a responsibility to uphold the principles of international law and promote human rights. While some countries in the global South may have been more hesitant to condemn Russia's actions due to geographic distance or other factors, it is important for the international community as a whole to hold violators accountable and to work towards a more peaceful and just world.
The author ends her article by writing: "to understand Russia, one needs to listen to those who lived under Russian colonial rule. To understand former and current Russian colonies, one needs to listen to historians from these places and study their cultures, languages and histories, both written and unwritten. To appreciate the ways out of colonial dictatorships, one needs to study the successful transformations of states like Ukraine. This would require dismissing the myth of the “artificial nation” and finally seeing Russia as an empire."
As part of Plymouth’s MA International Relations: Security and Development, you’ll delve into specific debates about global security, development aid and conflict resolution:


Discover the Charente-Maritime by staying in a furnished apartment in Royan or by booking a fully equipped holiday home with a private pool near the town of Marennes where you can enjoy the same comfort as in your own home with its private garden, ideal for barbecues.
A holiday rental in Charente-Maritime is also the opportunity to explore French history. Within a few minutes drive you can visit the island of Oleron, the fort of St Jean d’angle, the fortified village of Brouage, La Tour de Broue, the château de La Gataudière and its adventure park, La ferme de magnee with its farm animals, Marennes beach, the famous Canal de la cayenne for wine and oysters and the Fort Louvois.
There is the impressive bridge over to the island of Oleron where there are a number of interesting towns such as the fortified town le Chateau d’Oleron, St Trojan les Bains, the port of La Cotiniere and amazing beaches.
You can get to the seaside town of Royan with its beachfront promenades and a large selection of shops, bars and restaurants. Rochefort has plenty of historical monuments such as La Corderie royale, la place Colbert and the fully operational replica of the 1779 frigate L'hermione. In La Palmyre there is one of the biggest and best zoos in Europe with over 1800 species. There is also a number of amusement parks including Luna Park and go karting tracks
The town of La Rochelle which is loaded with history and charm and has numerous pedestrian streets with many shops, bars and restaurants, ancient fortifications and museums. In the opposite direction there is the historical town of Saintes with its romain ampitheathre, paleolithic site, Roman aqueduct, L'abbaye aux dames, St Pierre’s Cathedral and many bars, shops, and restaurants within its pedestrian streets.


In today’s visualization, we have simple a bar graph that helps us to understand the complicated phenomenon of Piers copying over time. The graph below is deceptively simple.
Each of these columns represents* a quarter century of Piers manuscript production according to the extant tradition. It’s true that we have no idea whether or not the remaining manuscripts are representative of Piers copying or even LME copying, but since they are the only evidence we have, we must at least nominally operate on that assumption.
Note that even though the final quarter of the fourteenth century is represented here, the label reads “1390-1400” because none of the existing manuscripts could have been made before the last decade of the fourteenth century. Graphically, it is important to note that not all the bars represent equal time frames. But this is also interesting to Langlandians and because it means that not a single extant Piers manuscript dates to within the author’s lifetime since estimates put Langland’s death between 1385 and 1387.
[UPDATE: a quick conversation with Lawrence Warner on Twitter re Langland’s death and the dating of the C text shows both to be still under discussion.
He also points out a few MSS after the 1550 cut-off date for this graph. I’ll have to check out those ones and add them to the graphic! There are even two from the nineteenth century! How much fun is that?!?]
Another quick note about labels: some manuscripts are dated to “circa 1400” or “circa 1425.” Unless otherwise noted, “circas” will generally be put in the category of the number date rather than before it. Thus MSS dated to ca. 1400 all appear in the 1400-1425 block.
Speaking of which, the second important feature of this graph is its use of color striations. You’ll notice that the Y-axis of the graph is counting thousands of lines of Piers poetry. The striations, then, show you not only distinctions between manuscripts, but roughly how many lines of Piers each one contains.
Now the obviously distinct feature of this graph is the overwhelming volume of manuscripts produced in the first quarter of the fifteenth century. We have over two hundred thousand lines of Piers poetry from this 25-year period, more lines in more manuscripts than in all the other periods up to 1550 combined.
Because the 1400-1425 column so completely dwarfs the other periods of production, it makes it very hard to individuate the different striations and/or compare their size.
However, we do have at our disposal some slightly more precise dates for some manuscripts, specifically for these early fifteenth century MSS. Using the categories that A.V.C. Schmidt uses in his Parallel Text Edition, we can break that block up into three distinct categories: ca. 1400, “early fifteenth century,” and the umbrella category 1400-1425.
Now, because of the constraints of the graphing program, “early fifteenth century” has been translated to roughly 1400-1410. This is simply because the graphing program needs numeric identifiers rather than text. Whether “early” MSS actually date to precisely the first decade or not is not really knowable. I am, however, assuming that “early fifteenth century” has a little more specificity than simply the first quarter, otherwise why distinguish the two.
Additonally, we have to be wary of assuming that the MSS represented in the third of our S.XV1 columns means that all those MSS were actually made later than the others. Some most certainly were, and we know their dates. Others are simply not more precisely datable than that 25-year window. So, if you’re not careful when looking at this graph you might assume that the broken up S.XV1 column was made up of successive categories when in fact we know it was made up of overlapping categories with no clear delineation between “around the turn of the century,” “early” in the century and “first quarter.”
Even with the limitations of this graph, though, we can still learn quite a lot from the now highly distinguishable striations.
First we can see that whether you’re talking about a short text or a long text, they both have varying sizes. While they tend to be a similar size in each category, they are certainly not uniform. Second, you can clearly see some trends in preference for the long version of the poem in particular. But also, we see the short version rise to a “competitive” and then even dominant rate of copying as the copying of the long text drops off after 1450. And then after the turn of the sixteenth century, a somewhat different bookmaking milieu, the long text makes a resurgence and the short text dies out completely.
So, we can clearly see that Piers copying was subject to change over time. We might conclude that it was wildly popular in the first half of the fifteenth century and slowly dropped out of production as other forms and genres became popular, and the reemergence of the short text after popularity in general waned may indeed indicate a copying trend that wants that “good ol’ Piers” but maybe doesn’t want to spend the 7000 lines of copying or reading on it.
We might want to say that. But we have to think carefully about whether we have a chicken-or-the-egg problem. Does this graph look this way because of the changing popularity of Piers, or does it look this way because of the changing landscape of late medieval book production in England?
The fifteenth century saw some major upheavals in both literary and book-making culture. Not only is there a professionalization of bookmaking for an emerging mercantile class, but even monastic book culture is moving away from a contemplative form of copying toward a laureate culture (Chris Cannon, “Monastic Production”). Additionally, the proliferation of paper in England in the middle of the fifteenth century may have influenced the way in which people made choices about what to copy, since copying was no longer quite as dear. Finally, of course, the use of the printing press at the end of the fifteenth century would have eventually impacted book culture in so many ways that accounting for manuscript copying after print can be quite complicated. Nevertheless, there was no print copy of Piers until Crowley’s 1550 edition, after which no new copies of Piers appear to have been made. Again we want to be cautious. It’s not likely that it was simply Piers’ availability in print that led to it not being copied. Indeed, while early sixteenth century copies may well have been novelties–like Royal 18.B.xvii and Sir Adrian Fortescue’s copy (Digby 145)–due to the changing meaning of a manuscript in an emerging print culture, Crowley’s prints demonstrate the changing meaning of Piers in an emerging Protestant culture.
Which is all to say that Piers Plowman is a complex phenomenon unfolding in manuscript over a century and a half, and in print to this day. And even when we flatten this out to show its lifespan as a manuscript phenomenon, it’s temporality, even within the Middle Ages, is not uniform.


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The Prophet 5 and Prophet VS set standards and redefined the modern synthesizer. We have brought these classics back to life for you.
The Prophet 5 was the first totally programmable synthesizer on the market. This revolutionary synth became the basis for all other polysynths to this day. The Prophet VS was the last synth made by SCI and again it set the synth world on its ear. Its digital vector synthesis brought a new soundscape that was then carried on in products from Korg and Yamaha.
#udizisser #arturia #prophet
Arturia Prophet V – Preset RunMyAudioStudio2019-05-13T06:28:03+00:00
About the Author: MyAudioStudio
November 4th, 2020
September 21st, 2020
May 24th, 2020


Watch In Country (2014) Online Free Hashflur
Watch In Country (2014) Online Free hashflur Putlocker. In Country follows the men of Delta 2/5(R) as they recreate, by choice, the battles of the Vietnam War once each year. Disquieting and provocative, the film asks, “what compels these men to bring this controversial war back to life?
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Book Review – Shadow Lines by Stephen Kinnane
Shadow Lines is another book I hadn’t intended on reading. It’s a memoir written in recent times by Stephen Kinnane, whose grandparents were a very interesting couple indeed. This is part family history, part history of the oppression of Aboriginal people in Western Australia in the twentieth century. The two topics are intertwined. This is an imposing book – dense, heavy and sometimes ponderous – but it is well worth reading for anyone interested in Western Australian history or the struggle of Aboriginal people in this country.
Shadow Lines revolves around two people born a world apart, a half caste Aboriginal woman by the name of Jessie Argyle, and an Englishman named Edward Smith. Edward was born in 1891 and emigrated to Australia in 1909 as an eighteen year-old. Jessie was born in the Argyle region in the far north of Western Australia in 1900, and was taken from her family in 1906 under the newly created Aborigines Act of 1905. This book makes the often dry history of Western Australia since white colonisation come alive, and is probably a far better way to learn about the sordid history of this state than by way of the official history textbooks.
What Kinnane has done here is weave together a rich tapestry of historical tales, often with a fair degree of creative interpretation. It’s not quite a straight historical text but it certainly isn’t fiction either. One strand narrates Smith’s life, which was already half over by the time he met the woman who would eventually be his wife. This is moderately interesting, but no more. More interesting are the trials of Jessie Argyle, who was forced to live in places such as the Swan Valley Mission, various towns across the state, and the notorious Moore River Aboriginal Settlement. The third strand concerns Kinnane’s own travels across the state in meeting the surviving members of the earlier generation, many of whom are Kinnane’s own relatives. In doing so, Kinnane manages to turn the lives of his grandparents into an initally slow but ultimately very compelling story.
In the course of our reading, we learn a great many things about the oppression of Aboriginal people in the twentieth century, from the concentration camp that was the Moore River Settlement, to the Prohibition Zone that existed around the centre of Perth from 1927 to 1954, to the draconian regime of the Aborigines Department under A. O. Neville. Neville is this story’s antagonist. Kinnane invests a lot of time explaining how Neville’s actions in curtailing and controlling the lives of thousands of people went beyond the call of duty. According to Kinnane, Neville was more than a man of his time, but in fact a dictator carving out his own empire. This is a very depressing read at times, but ultimately uplifting in the sense that Jessie Argyle eventually sees the end of Neville. If Neville is the antagonist, then Jessie is the protagonist, and we cheer her life’s victories and lament her defeats. Jessie Argyle is a heroic figure in this story, and we can share Kinnane’s admiration for his grandmother.
There’s not much more to say. This feels like an inadequate review, but let me end simply by saying that I found Shadow Lines to provide an extremely interesting slice of twentieth century history, and one that sheds considerable light on the plight of Aboriginal people during this time. I would highly recommend it to anyone wanting to know more about the history of Western Australia, or the struggle of Aboriginal people more generally.


...where culture, sun and wine
region of Austria has a long tradition of viticulture stretching back
to Celtic times. At the beginning of the first millennium the area became
particularly important under the Romans and records of the Carnuntum date
back to 9 AD following Tiberius's campaign.
represented a strategically ideal base for the Roman legions in their
fight against the wild Germanians and in 69 79 AD Emperor Vespasian built
fortified stone walls around the village and a harbour for the Danube
fleet. Carnuntum soon became the military headquarters of the Pannonian
province, the seat of the governor and also the occasional residence of
Roman Caesars. The name Carnuntum is of Illyrian origin and means stone,
cliff or firm place.
Today the Carnuntum
is rich in Roman remains, including an amphitheatre, roman palace and
most famously the 'Heidentor'. This former four pillar building which
was over 20 metres high is supposed to have been erected under Emperor
Constantin II (337-361) as a victory monument. Today the two remaining
massive pillars connected by an archway have become the characteristic
symbol of the Petronell-Carnuntum area.
Carnuntum region which covers an area south east of Vienna and south of
the Danube is dominated by viticulture. The stony lime and loess soils
of the Leithagebirge, the Arbesthaler Hügelland and the Hainburger Bergen,
together with the Pannonian micro climate and the proximity to the Danube
offer ideal natural conditions.


Chatelaine Scent Bottle with Queen Victoria Lace
Acrylic on paper
14" x 11"
The lady who owned this chatelaine bottle would have hung it from her belt and might have relied on the medicinal properties of the scents to ward off illness as she passed the sewage, horse waste and other “sickening” odors of the city. Through the late 1800’s, it was a common theory that ‘bad air’, or the smell of rotting organic materials, was the source of illnesses such as cholera, chlamydia, or the Black Death.
The lace background is based on Queen Victoria’s wedding dress. After reading “Victoria” by Daisy Goodwin, I couldn’t resist! Interestingly, Queen Victoria is credited with starting the “white wedding dress” tradition. The Honiton bobbin lace, comes from Honiton, England. As you might imagine, they experienced a boost in sales and status after the regal exposure.
My work draws inspiration from patterns and objects in the decorative arts and fine arts. I am composing images using period ceramics and textiles, and drawing narratives from these objects and their history. The silhouetted vessels are sourced from museum archives and auction listings. I’m drawn to their manufacturing history and the globalization of cultural knowledge. The patterns in my paintings are based on researched historical sources as well. I’m particularly drawn to the history and linear structure of lace. Although these objects (and the decorative arts) may seem inconsequential and eccentric to our 21 century perspective, I relish their uniqueness and authenticity.


Looking for Six Sacks of Potatoes - the Norwegian Adventure?
Please go here
This website is devoted to the Deeth (Death) family in Canada, its recent history, and the history of our ancestors in other countries.
Our family blends many cultures and heritages, originally English, Irish and Scottish, then German, and more recently Polish and Italian.
On these pages you will find snippets of family history, weddings, births and deaths, as well as links to stories and photos of times and events that make us proud.


Euroa Butter Factory
The Euroa Butter Factory built in 1901, sits beside Seven Creeks, just a short walk from the historic township of Euroa. Less than 2 hours drive from Melbourne along the Hume Highway, this picturesque town sits at the base of the Strathbogie Ranges and provides a wonderful location from which to explore North East Victoria.
About Euroa Butter Factory
This lovingly restored grand old building has been transformed from an old butter & ice factory into a fabulous country retreat suitable for a weekend away, a special event or somewhere to while away a few hours in the garden.
Beautiful boutique Bed and Breakfast accommodation has been established within the old building along with function spaces on the old factory floor and within the garden for a special celebration. The old butter storeroom, now known as ‘The Store’ is open on weekends serving great regional produce, wine and craft beers.


The Ça Ira Cannons - A Luca Palezza Film
The discovery of the remains of a French ship, the Ça Ira, engaged by Captain Nelson during the battle of Loano of 1795. These cannons are the only items visible above the sand of what is thought to be the lifeboat of the main ship. Below the cannons have been found several other items and muskets, that allowed to identify precisely the age and the origin of the ship.
Film by: Luca Palezza


I WANT TO ATTEND
I CANNOT ATTEND BUT I WANT TO DONATE
DESIGN IN THE NEW AMERICAN REPUBLIC
As part of the 250th anniversary celebration of the Powel House, art historian Amy H. Henderson offers a special tour of this fine example of mid-18th century Georgian architecture. The house was home to Elizabeth Willing Powel and Samuel Powel--last mayor of Philadelphia as a colonial city and first mayor after the Revolutionary War.
The tour tells the story of the Powels as a couple at the center of Philadelphia’s shift from British colonial outpost to cosmopolitan capital of the new American Republic. With their taste for entertaining and their shared interests in architecture, design, and the arts, they hosted leading figures of the period at convivial events, including a 20th wedding anniversary celebration for George and Martha Washington and dinners attended by John Adams, which he described in approving diary entries that often praised the wines served. (Madeira, a popular and commercially significant drink in the 18th century, will be served during the tour in keeping with customs of the era.)
The Powels were major characters in a cultural coming-of-age process. Their house, its design, and its décor were the setting in which they entertained, promoting sociability and civility among their eminent guests. The tour shifts the focus from the founders as political and military leaders to create a lively fuller picture of them. It also reveals the Powels and their peers as taste-makers, driving the Americanization of European design and the development of related crafts and businesses.
Tour leader Amy H. Henderson, Ph.D., is an independent scholar writing and consulting on material culture and social history in the colonial, Revolutionary, and early Republican periods. Her doctoral dissertation, “Furnishing the Republican Court: Building and Decorating Philadelphia Homes, 1790-1800,” received the Zuckerman Prize in American Studies from the University of Pennsylvania’s McNeil Center for Early American Studies. As a research fellow at the Fred N. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington at Mount Vernon in fall 2015, Ms. Henderson will be expanding and revising her dissertation for publication.


John Deere 1270G 8W Wheeled Forestry Harvester
Caterpillar 14M3 Motor Grader
Caterpillar 140M3 Motor Grader
Caterpillar 906M Compact Wheel Loader
Firemeto the Rescue
War, Conflict or Period of Operation
1931 Boeing Stearman (Red/White) "Texaco"
1937 Lockheed 12A Electra Jr. (Silver/Red) "TWA"
1953 Douglas DC-3 (Brushed Metal) "Texaco"
1953 Douglas DC-3 (White/Red) "Texaco"
A-10A Thunderbolt, 45th Fighter Sqd., 930th Operations Group, Grissom AFB, D-Day 50th Anniv., 1994
A-50M "Mainstay" - Russia, 2007
A-6E Intruder - VA-115 "Eagles," U.S. Navy, 1996
AC-130A Gunship II - U.S. Air Force Reserve, 1995
Aermacchi MB-339 UAEAF Al Fursan, United Arab Emirates
Aerospatiale Alouette II - French Army, 1972
Aerospatiale Alouette III SA-316B - French Civil Security, 2002
Agusta A119 Koala - New York City Police Department, 2004


Artifacts from Ancient Egypt hold a unique place due to their wide-ranging diversity and the depth of cultural information they carry. This article seeks to explore several types of Ancient Egyptian artifacts, shedding light on their cultural significance and their role in broadening our understanding of this awe-inspiring civilization.
Statues in Ancient Egypt stand as silent yet eloquent testaments to the civilization's artistic dexterity and intricate social hierarchy. These stone figures, whether colossal or petite, represent an array of subjects including pharaohs, deities, and high-ranking officials.
Each statue holds its unique place, whether in temples, tombs, or public places, underscoring the civilization's reverence for its rulers and divine entities. Far from being mere decorative pieces, these statues served as enduring symbols of authority and spirituality, enshrining societal values and norms within their stone visage.
Pottery and Ceramics
Pottery and ceramics played a vital role in the daily life of Ancient Egypt, serving utilitarian, ceremonial, and symbolic purposes. Everyday objects like bowls, jars, and plates demonstrate the civilization's adroit craftsmanship and their widespread use illustrates the practical aspects of daily life during that time.
Ceremonial pottery provides an intriguing lens into the religious rites and rituals practiced by the civilization. On the other hand, glazed ceramics, or faience, an innovative Egyptian creation, was favored for crafting a myriad of intricate and visually appealing objects.
The sheer diversity and purpose of pottery artifacts offer a vivid snapshot of domestic life, artistic ingenuity, and material innovation in Ancient Egypt.
Sarcophagi and Coffins
Sarcophagi and coffins carry special importance in Ancient Egypt, a civilization that held profound beliefs about life, death, and the afterlife. These were not merely receptacles for the deceased but were considered sacred vessels, guiding the soul's journey to the afterlife.
These burial vessels were often lavishly adorned with hieroglyphs, protective spells, and scenes from the life of the deceased, embodying the civilization's eschatological beliefs and practices.
Papyrus scrolls are among the most enlightening artifacts from Ancient Egypt, offering a direct glimpse into the civilization's written language, cultural practices, and socio-political structures. These scrolls were used extensively for recording administrative orders, religious texts, literary works, and educational material.
Not just repositories of text, papyrus scrolls serve as historical documents that narrate the civilization's journey over centuries. They are invaluable tools for historians and archaeologists seeking to piece together the socio-political and cultural fabric of Ancient Egypt.
Jewelry and Amulets
Jewelry and amulets were not just ornamental but were deeply intertwined with the spiritual beliefs and societal norms of Ancient Egypt. Crafted from diverse materials like gold, silver, semi-precious stones, and faience, these pieces were designed to carry both aesthetic appeal and symbolic meaning.
A few years ago, I found myself in a tough spot. I was completely out of money, and my expenses kept piling up. I knew that if I didn't turn things around, I would be declaring bankruptcy for my business. To ward off financial disaster, I decided to invest a little time into learning how to budget. I made a few simple changes, including eating out less, paying attention to fines and fees, and avoiding excessive shopping trips. You wouldn't believe how quickly things changed. This blog is designed to teach beginners how to shape their financial future, so that you don't have to worry.


I researched and read in a blog the following quote "Krzyworzeka as a relatively rich village, with good soils, was subject to multiple displacements. The first of them took place on July 2, 1940. At 4:00 a.m., the Germans surrounded the village to begin the displacement of peasant families according to the previously drawn up list of families subject to displacement. In total, about 120 Polish families were displaced from Krzyworzeka." I am looking for a list of these 120 families as I have record of my ancestor, a farmer, leaving Krzyworzeka in July of 1940 to forced labor.
The story of one tree: Urbaniaks from Krzyworzeka (historiajednegodrzewa.blogspot.com)


My ‘supposed’ letter to the Philippine President regarding the North Borneo issue
Kagabi, naglakas-loob ako na sumulat ng isang letter para sa President ng Republika ng Pilipinas Benigno Aquino III. Dapat sanang ipadala ko yung through the Contact Us page ng website of Office of the President (www.president.gov.ph), pero hindi natuloy dahil strict yung commands na nilagay nila doon at hindi nag-allow ng special characters, katulad ng slash at dash, sa pagpapadala ng mensahe.
Ang ginawa ko, ipinadala ko sa yung mensahe sa Communications group ng website of the Office of the Vice President of the Republic of the Philippines (www.ovp.gov.ph) yung mensahe na ‘yon, dahil hindi strict yung commands ng Contact Us page nila. Ipinadala ko rin yung letter sa email address na ibinigay ng Office of the President para sa mga entries ng isang pa-contest na sinimulan ng President.
Sa totoo lang, paulit-ulit lang yung laman nung letter na isinulat ko. Pero, naniniwala ako na naglalaman ‘yon ng ilang mensahe at impormasyon na nagsusuporta sa dapat pag-claim ng ating bansa sa teritoryo ng North Borneo.
Anyway, ito na yung letter na isinulat ko.
To whoever reads this message (Communications Group of the President),
I would like to address this message to the President of the Republic of the Philippines, His Excellency Benigno Aquino III.
I am Jecon *********, a 16-year-old, 4th year high school student from General Santos City.
I have a great interest in History, mainly the History of the Philippines and the History of the German Empire (Pre-World War I Germany).
Anyway, I had read this article from http://www.interaksyon.com titled, “Sultan of Sulu revives claim over Sabah, ‘patrimony of the Filipino people.’” (Link to the article: http://interaksyon.com/article/15187/sultan-of-sulu-revives-claim-over-sabah-patrimony-of-the-filipino-people) If you had checked-out the article, the 34th Sultan of Sulu, His Royal Highness Sultan Esmail Dalus Kiram II, and his advisers had declared that they are ready to relive the campaign on claiming Sabah (Northern Borneo) as a part of Philippine territory, since it is known that it is a part of Malaysia now.
I, as a Filipino citizen, a person with a strong interest in Philippine history, and a supporter to this claim, would like to say to the President that I really hope that the the Government of the Philippines and the Administration of President Aquino would support this. If you had checked-out the article that I had included in this message, it already had said the things that I want to say. But, I would still like to add my own message, even though, I know, that it will look like that I had just rephrased what was written in the article.
As far as I can remember from my lesson on Philippine history when I was in 1st year high school, that on 1878, His Majesty Sultan Jamalul A’Lam signed a treaty wherein he leased the North Borneo territory of the Sultanate of Sulu to Gustavus von Overbeck, the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Hong Kong and the Ambassador’s British business partner Alfred Dent. Overbeck and Dent were the representatives of the British North Borneo Company. Again, I would like to mention that the Sultan of Sulu had leased the territory; and, it has been mentioned in the treaty that they may use the territory for as long as they desire. But, in addition to that, it was mentioned in the treaty that the British North Borneo Company should pay the Sultanate of Sulu a certain amount of money and that the Sultan of Sulu IS NOT GIVING AWAY HIS SOVEREIGN RIGHTS. On 1903, His Majesty Sultan Jamalul Kiram of Sulu signed a document known as the “Confirmation of Cession of Islands”, wherein they lease some additional islands of the Sultanate of Sulu.
The key words and phrase on the documents that was signed by the Sultans were “leased” and “not giving away the sovereign rights of the Sultan.”
Historically, when the Philippines was under the Commonwealth administration of the United States, the United States reminded the British Empire (Great Britain) that North Borneo did not belong to the Crown and that the business that the British Crown and the Sultanate of Sulu were “private.” However, Sabah was made a British Crown colony. But, even before North Borneo was “annexed” to Malaysia, the Philippine Commonwealth Government kept sending delegations to Great Britain reminding the British Crown belonged to the Philippines, specifically the Sultanate of Sulu.
Until now, the Malaysian government still does pay the rent to the heirs of the Sultanate of Sulu, since it was an act that the British government inacted before they gave independence to Malaysia.
Again, historically, even though there is this treaty called the Madrid Protocol of 1885 wherein the Sultan of Sulu was forced to give/surrender his territories(specifically Sulu, Palawan, and the dependecies of Jolo) to Spain, EXCLUDING North Borneo. Meaning, North Borneo is STILL a sovereign territory of the Sultanate of Sulu that time. I would like to mention again that even though that the Sultan of Sulu ceded sovereignty of Sulu, Palawan, and Jolo dependencies to Spain, Spain never claimed sovereignty over Borneo. In note of this, North Borneo was never considered as a dependency of Jolo. Meaning, North Borneo is still under the sovereignty of the Sultan of Sulu.
On 1962, His Majesty Sultan Muhammad Esmail Kiram I ceded full sovereignty of North Borneo to the Republic of the Philippines under the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal. Meaning, the Philippine government has the full authority to pursue the claims of the territory in international courts. Only Presidents Macapagal and Marcos were the only ones who recognized the Sultanate of Sulu, the Sultan of Sulu, and their territories. After that, it seemed like the government and administrations didn’t care about the territory anymore.
If you had checked-out the article that I included in this message, it was stated there that according to the Chairman of the Royal Advisory Council of the Sultanate(Ruma Bechara) Fiscal Leasin Omar Basa said, “Under parens patriae the government is the father of the people. The Philippine government was given the trust of the sultanate, which hoped it would fight for its rights, for a territory that is rich in natural resources from which all Filipinos can benefit.” But, Basa added, “the Philippine government failed to prosecute the claim, so we’re studying other legal remedies.” He said some international law experts had told them there is nothing that stops the Sultanate of Sulu from now filing the claim on its own if it ultimately deems the government as too uncertain in its intentions.
I had also read in the article that the Philippine government must settle something with the Sultan of Sulu first before pursuing the claim on the territory.
It was stated in the article, “according to the Sultanate’s secretary general Abraham Idjirani, the matter of the special authority that the Sultanate granted the Philippine government during the Diosdado Macapagal presidency, and which it revoked in 1989, must be settled.
“The Philippine government cannot prosecute without first seeking a special power of attorney from the Sultanate of Sulu,” said Idjirani.
He pointed to the provisions of the 1962 document embodying the terms between the Macapagal government and the sultanate. “That provision said that should the Republic fail to recover North Borneo, then this transfer document shall ipso facto become null and void.” This is what was invoked when the sultanate revoked the authority in 1989, he explained.”
I believe in what Sultan Kiram said that being able to reclaim the territory “is part of the patrimony of the Filipino people” and that this is historical injustice. Great Britain didn’t have the right to annex the territory to Malaysia since it was clearly stated in their agreement that the Sultan of Sulu WAS NOT AND DID NOT GIVE AWAY HIS SOVEREIGNTY over the territory. The treaty was supposed to be just pure business and did not include any territorial cession.
To make this long message short, first of all, I would like to ask the President and the Government of the Republic of the Philippines to recognize the Sultan of Sulu. After that, I would like to ask again for the Government to settle what has to be settled between the Government and the Sultanate of Sulu. Third, reclaim North Borneo as a part of the Philippines and claim sovereignty on it.
Your Excellency Benigno Aquino III, alam ko po na isa itong napakalaking “hiling” mula sa isang teenager na katulad ko. Mahal ko po ang Pilipinas, ang bansa kung saan ako ipinanganak at lumaki. Naipapakita ko lamang po ang pagmamahal ko sa sa bansa ko on being an exceptional student in History at pagtangkilik sa mag gawang Pilipino. Ngayon, napatunyan ko po sa sarili ko na mahal ko ang Pilipinas dahil humihingi ako sa inyo ng ganitong hiling ngayon. Hindi lamang ang Sultanate of Sulu ang makikinabang dito, kundi pati na rin ang buong Pilipinas, dahil naniniwala po ako na mabibigyan mo ng hustisya ang kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. At, naniniwala po ako na isa rin po itong paraan patungo sa tamang daan na inyong sinasabi.
I hope the President will be able to read this message, personally. Thank you very much.
P.S. - Pasensya na po sa haba ng message and wrong grammar. :)


HESPERIA, CA: Hesperia Recreation and Park District and AMVETS will be hosting a ceremony of remembrance in honor of Veterans Day. The public, veterans, and their family members are encouraged to attend and take part in this special ceremony commemorating the men and women who gave their lives in time of war and all past and present military personnel. Everyone is welcome to attend.
The ceremony will be held at Lime Street Park on Friday, November 11, 2016, at 11:00 a.m.
For more information: Visit HesperiaParks.com or call the District Office at (760) 244-5488.
Hesperia Recreation and Park District wishes to thank AMVETS and Larry Thompson for their willingness to make certain our Veterans are remembered.
Directions to Lime Street Park:


3 Best Chefs’ History
Eugen Fuhrmann started the Lobster Pot Restaurant in Bermuda. After making that restaurant successful he then came to the United States in 1978 to open the Lobster Pot Restaurant in Reddington Shores, Florida with Erwin Scheuringer as the Chef.
In 1985 together both Eugen and Erwin opened Eugen’s Restaurant in Belleair Bluffs. Which led to fine dining and older clientele. In 1995 the restaurant was remodeled and opened with its new southwestern look as E & E Stakeout Grill.
In 1992, again both Eugen and Erwin along with Scott Bebell (who at that time was working as the Sous Chef at Eugen’s Restaurant) opened Guppy’s On The Beach. In April of 1999 Eugen sold his interest in the Lobster Pot Restaurant and can now devote all of his attentions and expertises to E & E Stakeout Grill, Guppy’s and the Mystic Fish (with the exception of when he is playing Golf).
In May of 2001 Eugen Fuhrmann and Doug Bebell (formally the chef at the Lobster Pot) opened the Mystic Fish Seafood Grill & Bar on Tampa Road in Palm Harbor.
All four of these men have lived and worked in this area for more than twenty years and are very well recognized in the community for not only their contributions to the restaurant industry, but for their civic involvement and continuing support of the local charitable organizations, groups, and schools alike.
Many of the same clientele visit all three restaurants and they look forward to the same quality of food and service at each establishment.


HISTORY OF TOBACCO IN PUERTO RICO
In contrast to sugarcane and coffee, tobacco is native to the Caribbean, and its cultivation dates to pre-Columbian times. The plant was known among the Tainos who inhabited the major Caribbean islands as cogiba, whereas tobacco was the name of the pipe they used to smoke it. The church opposed the use of tobacco because it figured prominently in indigenous religious ceremonies, which were considered “idolatrous,” and accordingly prevented tobacco’s introduction in Spain until the middle of the sixteenth century. Exports of tobacco were first authorized in 1614 with the standard colonial monopolistic restriction that all transactions had to pass through Seville’s Casa de Contratación.1
The inclusion of Puerto Rico in the tariff structure of the United States after 1898 guaranteed the free entrance of many island products into the mainland and dramatically accelerated the existing production of agricultural commodities. Tobacco leaf was included in this tariff exemption, and Puerto Rican farmers in the highland regions of the island made the cultivation of tobacco for the American market their most important economic activity during the first four decades of the twentieth century.2
From 1907 to 1917, tobacco was a top-three cash crop along with sugar and coffee. From 1921 to 1940, tobacco was Puerto Rico’s second-leading export, according to Jorge Duany, author of “Puerto Rico: What Everyone Needs to Know.” But by the early 1920s, the cigar industry diminished as cigarette smoking became more fashionable. With the exception of a few small exclusive cigar manufactures, the majority of cigar houses became mechanized: forcing the majority of cigar workers to seek other forms of income.3
Acosta Cigar Comapny – The Farm in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico
Delvis Leiva, from Acosta Cigar Company, has taken the monumental task of using his years of experience in the world of tobacco in Cuba and reestablishing a commercial growing of tobacco in Puerto Rico. With plans of planting various varieties of tobacco like Corojo, Criollo, Habano, and Hoja Prieto – a tobacco variety that is local to Puerto Rico and extensively used in the past and considered by some as – “the tastiest wrapper in the world.”
I’ve shared a small video of the early stages where the land is being cleared of all the brush and bushes so that we can start the preparation of the land for farming.
1 Ayala, C., & Bergad, L. (2020). The Tobacco Industry. In Agrarian Puerto Rico: Reconsidering Rural Economy and Society, 1899–1940 (pp. 91-109). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108763981.005
2 Black, John D., ‘The Role of Public Agencies in the Internal Readjustments of the Farm’, Journal of Farm Economics 7:2 (1925), pp. 153–75.
3 libcom.org – https://libcom.org/history/puerto-rican-cigar-history


May/Lipscomb/Fay/Snow/Porter/Whichelo/Phillips Family Genealogy
This site will chronicle the Genealogy of the families listed above, the image to the right and below is my Great-Great Grandfather William May
This site will chronicle the history of my family and my wifes family. My family includes the May's, Fay's, Porter's, Phillip's, and their extended families. My wifes family includes the Lipscomb's, Snow's, Whichelo's and their extended families.


JSC "Segezha Pulp and Paper Mill" was put into operation in summer 1939. It took only 28 months to build the mill. The new enterprise produced paper sacks and solved the problem of their lack in the growing economics of the Soviet Union.
The site for the mill chosen was not by chance; this region was rich in raw materials. Besides Segezha is situated in the north of Karelia close to railway and motor road S-Perersburg - Murmansk and Belomor-Baltic Canal (White Sea - Baltic Sea canal). The town of Segezha was built together with the mill.
In 1948 the mill was awarded with the Order of Lenin for its contribution into economics of the country, its work during Great Patriotic War and reconstruction of the mill after the War. That was the highest government reward of the Soviet Union.
The mill has passed through several modernization and reconstruction stages, now it has facilities for production of 350,000 tons of unbleached sulfate pulp, 350,000 tons of sack kraft paper and 702 mln pieces of paper sacks.
In 1992 during the period of Russian economics reorganization the mill was reorganized into Joint Sock Company "Segezhabumprom".
In 1999 the mill was reformed into open Joint Stock Company "Segezha Pulp and Paper Mill"


Single Family Homes, Houses, Condos, Townhomes, Townhouses, Investment Properties, Land and Real Estate in Central Palm Springs, California
About Central Palm Springs
The twelve neighborhoods which today form Central Palm Springs have some of the richest history of any of the neighborhoods in the city. The El Mirador neighborhood today is an eclectic mix of homes from larger estate properties to vintage Palm Springs bungalows representing most architectural styles. The neighborhood is highly desired by Buyers for its central location within the City of Palm Springs.


High quality and lightweight durable luggage for every eventuality.
Leisure & Adventure
Fashionable and functional, for all your leisure and adventure activities.
Welcome to Boris Bags
Your one stop shop for Handbags, Luggage, Rucksacks, Leisure and Lifestyle bags.
Boris Bags has been an established designer and manufacturer of the finest bags, holdalls, wallets and handbags since 1968. In 1980 the company was taken over by Eli Bitran, trained as an engineer Eli design and manufactured cases, leather handbags and shopping trolleys.
It wasn’t just the bags themselves which were pioneering, Eli also designed the machinery to make all Leather Goods and hard cases from scratch. Some of these machines are still in his original warehouse on Hertford Road, London, today. In 1990, the business moved premises to Hackney Road and continued to provide the highest quality and most affordable options for any carrying need. Just a mile and a half down the road from where they started Boris Leather Goods was one of only three wholesale bag suppliers at the time in the whole of London.
Today, having sold over 2 million cases, satchels, holdalls, handbags and over 150 different bags brought to market. Boris Bags is not just pioneering new patents in ultra lightweight flight cases. it’s still manufacturing the classically designed satchels and briefcases under the Aristocrat brand which have been unchanged for over 30 years.
We hope you enjoy our online store,