Velankanni Church, one of the religious sites, is situated on the Bay of Bengal coast. The holy shrine was constructed in the memory of the Lady of Health, also known as the Madonna of Velankanni. Velankanni is one of the most visited pilgrim centres of India. Velankanni church was built in late 16th century and made many expansions later on due to increasing number of pilgrims.
Taxi in thrissur schedules the journey to start from Thrissur by 6:00PM and will arrive there by 5.00AM. After breakfast we will proceed to visit, The Shrine Basilica. After the holy mass visit Our Lady’s Tank, Priests’ Residence, Church Museum, Offering Centre, Stations of the Rosary, Stations of the Cross, Shrine Mega Mahal and Velankanni Beach and all. Drive back to hometown by 7.00PM.


I think I can say with some confidence that for over 25 years I’ve been writing this column centered on the history of our beautiful city, a 38-year-old high-end contemporary next to Plantation Lane in Saunderstown is indeed the newest house I have ever focused on. And you might be wondering why, in an older community where century-old homes are so common that people hardly think about them, I would even consider investing my time and attention in such a young home. Well, you see, the story here, as is most often the case, is not this beautiful house, but the people who have owned and lived in it since it was built. Because this house was designed and built in 1984 as a peaceful summer getaway for Henry and Ruth S. Morgenthau. Henry and Ruth, their ancestors and offspring, were not only witnesses to history on a grand scale on the world stage, they were, and still are, actors in this great drama. It is therefore a wonderful story to explore during Women’s History Month, as more than a generation of Morgenthau women associated with this house have left their mark on history.
Henry Morgenthau III spent his business career as a television executive producer and writer and was among those responsible for making his Boston station WGBH-2 one of the crown jewels of our country’s public broadcasting system. His most famous documentary for the station was a groundbreaking series about Eleanor Roosevelt and her impact on our nation, this work was personal to him, as his childhood was rooted in the Roosevelt administration while his father Henry Morgenthau Jr. was secretary to the FDR Treasury. and Henry III, literally grew up during those difficult years surrounded by people who marked history on a daily basis. Henry Morgenthau Jr will forever be remembered not only as the architect of the Morgenthau plan for post-war Germany, but also as one of Roosevelt’s “brain trusts” behind the New Deal and his innovative tax policies. and efficient. Henry III’s grandfather, Henry Morgenthau Sr., was also a “mover and agitator”. A longtime diplomat, he served as ambassador to the former Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century and was one of the first and only senior American officials to speak out against the Armenian Genocide. The foresight and irony of it all was not lost on his son Henry Jr. You see, all of Morgenthau’s roots go back to their heritage as German Jews, who left Germany around the time of the American Civil War, but who were active in World War II speaking out against the next great global genocide; the Jewish Holocaust. The Morgenthaus also worked behind the scenes actively participating in and financing the rescue of Jews from Hitler’s Europe. The other owner of the house at the time of its construction in 1984 was Henry III’s wife, Ruth (Schachter) Morgenthau. Ruth was a professor of international politics at Brandeis University and was the founder of that university’s international sustainability graduate program. During the 1980s, Ruth was the recognized expert on African aid policy and, as such, was an adviser to President Jimmy Carter and a member of the United States delegation to the United Nations. His ground-breaking research which highlighted that “top-down” aid to developing countries in Africa and elsewhere was fraught with pitfalls and encouraged corruption; Ruth’s strategy used a ‘bottom-up’ approach to aid that emphasized getting resources into the hands of villagers and rural communities. This assistance strategy still informs US international assistance planning today. Ruth, too, was rooted in European Jewry and fled Vienna to Austria with her parents, just before the Nazis in 1940. Some of Ruth’s last work, just before her death in 2006, was done at the Center for Global Development, a Washington and foreshadowed everything we discuss today, emphasizing that well-managed foreign aid was essential to American security because poor nations became havens for terrorists, pirates, and other criminals.
After Ruth’s death in 2006, this beautiful summer house became the property of their children; son Ben, a prominent San Francisco pediatrician, and Kramer, a cinematographer and cinematographer for television and feature films (movies like Fracture, Too Big to Fail, Thor and The Express, TV series like Sleepy Hollow, Vegas, Game of Thrones, and Boardwalk Empire), and his daughter Sarah. While Kramer certainly followed in her father’s career footsteps, Sarah got into her mother’s political activism, along with, oh yeah, a bit of her uncle, Manhattan District Attorney Robert Morgenthau ( inspiration from Adam Schiff’s character in the TV series Law And Order) added for good measure. Sarah, after earning a law degree, served as a clerk in the US District Court in New Jersey. After that, she took a job as a lawyer for the US Security and Exchange Commission, then followed that up with a stint as a planner for New Jersey Mayor Cory Booker. She also served on the National Finance Committee for Obama’s campaign, then worked as Director of Response for the Peace Corps. She’s now a deputy assistant in the Biden administration’s Commerce Department and recently threw her hat in the ring to try to become our next US Congressman.
So as you can clearly see, while this house is not in itself historic, as a getaway place for all those exceptional people, it has indeed seen its share of history and is just a many extraordinary stories involving incredible people who are connected to the sleepy little village of Saunderstown. While researching this story, I couldn’t help but be drawn to the old Yiddish tradition of placing a stone on a person’s grave and the similar Yiddish concept of “mentsh” or as the Jews Germans from the Morgenthau family traditions would have done it. says “mensch”. In my mind I can see people from all walks of life, Jews and Christians, whites and blacks, Europeans, Americans and Africans heading to the Morgenthau family grounds, wherever it is, and placing a stone on the graves of various members of this incredible clan and remembering them as true “mensch”. You see the ancient tradition of bringing a stone from a significant place and placing it on a tombstone, it’s a way of saying “You were important to me; I made the effort to remember you by bringing this piece of my world here and offering it to you, a “mensch”. The word mensch of course means “human being”, but in reality the word has more meaning than that. As Leo Rosten, a well-known Yiddish writer, so aptly put it, “a mensch is someone to admire and imitate someone of noble character. Nothing less than character, rectitude, dignity, a sense of what is right. Mensch is an expression of the rarity and value of the qualities of this particular individual. Sounds like a Morgenthau to me.
The author is the town historian of North Kingstown. The opinions expressed here are his own.


So what did people say before sliced bread was discovered? Wikipedia informs that sliced bread was first produced in 1928, or something. But it doesn’t reveal what the bench mark of perfection and ingenuity and all that is honest and decent was prior to the invention of the slicing machine.
I’d very much like to hear your nominations so post below, or send them, on a slice of warm toast, preferably special delivery, in an insulated envelope, because my heating has packed up and I’m bloody freezing!
That’s all, folks!


25 April 2008
Another game-inspired post. This one about Bagatelle.
Bagatelle is an indoor game related to pool. Although sources vary on whom deserves credit for the first Bagatelle game, they do all agree that Bagatelle is most likely the result of attempting to move outdoor games, such as croquet & shuffleboard into the parlour. The earliest known Bagatelle-like tables seem to date from the 15th century and are very primitive in form and function. It wasn’t until the 17th century that the French narrowed the common billiards table and placed permanent pins on it that the game of Bagatelle became the game we know today . The game gained its name in 1777 (sources disagree on the exact date) when a party in honour of Louis XIV was held at the Chateau de Bagatelle by the Count of Artois. The highlight of this party was this splendid new game that the Count dubbed Bagatelle. The game is the precursor of our modern pinball & pachinko games and is played similarly. It is quite like pachinko in that you have only the initial strike with which to control your ball as there are no flippers like exist in pinball. However, it is more akin to pinball with it’s table-structure and gently inclined playing field (Pachinko has a vertical face). This version is a miniaturized version of that 1777 Bagatelle table where the cue stick has been replaced by a wooden spring-driven plunger and the ivory balls have been replaced by steel ball bearings.
Find a Bagatelle game and play it. It is great fun.
~KR (Written on 28 April)
Toy Soldiers by Martika
Camera: Canon PowerShot SD850 IS
Exposure: 0.125 sec (1/8)
Focal Length: 5.8 mm
ISO Speed: 200
Exposure Bias: 0/3 EV
Flash: Flash did not fire


It took Michealangelo four years on a framework to leave to posterity one of the greatest art treasures in the world. The exhibition will give you the unique opportunity to see Michelangelo's extraordinary masterpieces of the Sistine Chapel in a not before seen way.
The exhibition DER ANDERE BLICK reverses the situation: the view is not directed upwards, at a height of 22 m, but downwards. In the original size, the ceiling frescoes are brought down to earth and are within reach.
The pictures were elaborately reproduced and transferred to special fabric panels. This technique allows for a true-to-life rendition and provides a glimpse of the works, which until now, apart from Michelangelo himself, have only been given to a few people. Every visitor gets an audioguide at no extra charge, where "Michelangelo himself" explains everything.
The Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel bears the name of its patron Pope Sixtus IV, who had the ancient Great Chapel rebuilt between 1477 and 1480. The designs were created by the architect Baccio Pontelli, who left the existing walls of the Great Chapel up to a third of their height and integrated them into the new building of the Sistine Chapel.
The chapel was used as a meeting room and was also built in defense of the Turkish troops, which threatened the eastern coast of Italy at that time. The Sistine Chapel now houses some of the most famous paintings in the world. Parts of the interior of the chapel were designed by famous Florentine painters such as Perugino, Botticelli, Ghirlandaio and Rosselli.
Monday to Saturday: 10 – 18.00


Sins Of Money Transfer To Dominican Republic
Santo Domingo, the resources city of the Dominican Republic, holds an unique area in the heart of several tourists. With a rich background covering over 5 centuries, Santo Domingo supplies an unique blend of early american architecture, social heritage, and also contemporary services. In this situation research, we will certainly explore the city’s one-of-a-kind features, tourist attractions, as well as difficulties, as well as offer insights into exactly how travelers can maximize their experience in Santo Domingo.
Location and Climate
Santo Domingo is situated on the southerly coast of the Dominican Republic, dealing with the Caribbean Sea. The city covers a location of 104.44 square kilometers as well as has a population of roughly 3 million people.
History and also Culture
Santo Domingo was established in 1496 by the Spanish conquistador, Bartholomew Columbus, the more youthful bro of Christopher Columbus. The city served as the capital of the Spanish nests in America as well as was the first seat of the Spanish colonial federal government in the New Globe. Therefore, Santo Domingo has a wealth of historic landmarks and monuments that showcase its abundant social as well as building background.
Among Santo Domingo’s most well-known spots is the Alcazar de Colu00f3n, a 16th-century palace that was the house of Diego Columbus, the child of Christopher Columbus, and also his wife, Maria de Toledo. The royal residence is currently a museum that houses a collection of art as well as artefacts from the 16th century.
An additional famous landmark is the Basilica of Santa Maria la Menor, the earliest cathedral in the Americas, developed in the early sixteenth century. The sanctuary includes Gothic as well as Baroque aspects and is renowned for its elaborate altarpiece as well as discolored glass windows.
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Apart from its rich background and cultural heritage, Santo Domingo boasts a variety of attractions and also activities that satisfy various rate of interests as well as preferences. The city’s picturesque old community, referred to as the Colonial Zone or Zona Colonial, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that features over 300 monoliths, consisting of the palaces, plazas, and citadels of the colonial period.
Another must-visit destination is the Malecon, a six-kilometer long seaside boardwalk that offers magnificent sights of the Caribbean Sea and the city skyline. The Malecon is a preferred location for jogging, biking, and people-watching, particularly during sunset.
For those interested in art as well as society, Santo Domingo has a range of galleries, theaters, and museums, consisting of the National Gallery of History and Location, the Gallery of Modern Art, as well as the National Royal residence, which houses the workplaces of the head of state of the Dominican Republic.
Difficulties and also Recommendations
While Santo Domingo is a lively and vibrant city, it also faces a variety of obstacles, consisting of destitution, inequality, and also criminal activity. Tourists are recommended to work out care and also usual feeling when checking out the city, especially after dark or in locations that are known to be risky.
To take advantage of their experience in Santo Domingo, tourists are encouraged to find out about the neighborhood culture, customs, as well as etiquette. The Dominican Republic is a primarily Catholic as well as Spanish-speaking country, as well as site visitors must respect neighborhood customizeds as well as traditions, dress appropriately, as well as prevent offending neighborhood sensibilities.
To conclude, Santo Domingo is a city that supplies a special mix of history, culture, and modernity. Its abundant heritage, sensational style, and also cozy hospitality make it a location worth checking out for travelers of any ages and histories. By following our referrals and also taking sensible preventative measures, Best dominican beaches visitors can enjoy a safe, enriching, as well as unforgettable experience in Santo Domingo.
Santo Domingo, the funding city of the Dominican Republic, holds a special location in the heart of several vacationers. With an abundant background extending over five centuries, Santo Domingo provides an one-of-a-kind blend of colonial design, cultural heritage, and also modern-day features. In this instance study, we will certainly check out the city’s unique qualities, tourist attractions, and also difficulties, and also deal insights right into how vacationers can make the many of their experience in Santo Domingo.
As a result, Santo Domingo has a riches of historical spots as well as monoliths that showcase its abundant social as well as building background.
In final thought, Santo Domingo is a city that provides an unique blend of history, culture, as well as modernity.


Here is an example video of the site. Please click to watch.
and so that we can show there is something additional if there is more text and more images, I will borrow some copy from the site.
It is known that the first committee meeting was held in February 1833 but the earliest minutes at the LMA are for 9th July 1835 (see extract shown to the right, courtesy of London Metropolitan Archive, City of London). Because of the lack of minutes from the earliest meetings, we know nothing about how the committee invited people to become tenants or what work was undertaken to prepare the common and lay out the plots. We know that the first tenancy agreements were signed on 22 March 1833 and that certainly by 1854 there were 145 plots, each of 20 poles, twice the size of a full-size plot today. These were located in three sections: 49 on the East side (the current allotment site); 83 on the West (the section developed as housing in the 1980s west of Northfield Avenue); and 13 on the North (presumably approximating to Dean Gardens). Annual rents were set at five shillings per plot (25 pence today) to be paid in four instalments on quarter days. This remained the rent for at least 30 years with no increases during this time.
Collecting the rent was a different matter and soon became a concern. Mr James Hemmings, overseer and committee member, initially undertook the task and his counter-signature appears on many of the earliest tenancy agreements. As a gentleman, he presumably did this on a voluntary basis, but by 9th July 1835, he announced he was giving up. He proposed that collection of the rents be put in the hands of the master of the workhouse, Mr Gore, putting the onus on the tenants to attend the workhouse to pay their rent. This became the practice for just over a year, but by November 1836 the committee appointed Joseph Dickinson as rent collector on a salary of £3 per annum. However, by 1st February 1838, rent arrears had risen to £23 : 18 : 9d, a very large proportion of the £35 total annual rent due. The committee gave Mr Dickinson notice that they would dispense with his services next Lady Day.


Home Violence On The Rise In Russian Societies
The women in Russian population have been subject to dramatic within recent years. After the dissolution in the Soviet Union, there have been a lot of remarkable changes, especially russian women brides for women. For instance , many women took up the classic homemaker’s roles in outlying areas, which in turn is a great step forward in Russian women’s history. As well, the women who chosen to be home more and increase children have done so efficiently, earning large salaries and taking care of their particular husbands and families. At this point the question turns into, how performed women in Russian record before the grave of the communist state, manage to survive?
Ladies in Russian culture got two likely paths, either to go to the countryside to be homemakers and live by themselves, or to be a breadwinner in a city-center. However was the “unlimited choice” for individuals who in Russian society, there were still a lot of significant improvements that had taken place. For example , it absolutely was not uncommon for that woman as being a breadwinner as long as she had a husband to back up her spouse and children. That is the difference between existence in the CPS Russia and contemporary Spain, and this is actually has led to significant changes in women’s rights in contemporary Russian federation.
In particular, the development of the divorce law it happened in 1999 led to an important increase in the quantity of women who remained at home, as well as the number just who separated of their husbands or perhaps boyfriends. These women had been no longer controlled by the whims of men, who were becoming more aggressive and wanting control over their wives’ lives. Numerous women were educated women who had analyzed abroad, they usually were able to continue their education and raise their children in a better environment than the husbands and families. Actually many of these Russian women who chosen to remain at your home and raise their children produced businesses, planning shop in city centers or anywhere they thought their husbands would locate them. Thus, fit not, just how did Russian women ahead of the CPS get the equal privileges with all those following the CPS?


Hailing from Đài Loan Trung Quốc, the Cao Clan are the descendants of the legendary Chinese warlord Cao Cao. Currently, the four most recent descendants of Cao Cao are working for a Chinese terrorist group by the name of Ranban.
The founder of the clan Cao Cao, courtesy name of Meng De, was born in Qiao (present-day Bozhou, Anhui) in 155 CE. At the age of đôi mươi, he began building his power and influence when he was appointed district captain of Louyang. In 184, he was appointed Captain of the Cavalry in wake of the Yellow Turban Rebellion and began building an impressive military career. Following massive political and martial turmoil, Cao Cao managed vĩ đại convice Emperor Xian vĩ đại relocate the country's Capital vĩ đại Xuchang. The Emperor effectively became a puppet under his control and Cao was granted the titles of General-in-Chief, Chancellor, and Marquis of Wuping.
In 200 CE, political rival Yuan Shao marched an army of 100,000 men vĩ đại Xuchang in order vĩ đại seize the emperor from the Cao clan's rule. However, Cao Cao's army of đôi mươi,000 met Yuan Shao's at Guandu and won a decisive battle that resulted in the death of Yuan Shao and the Cao clan's complete control of all of Northern Đài Loan Trung Quốc.
Xem thêm: sau dinh la thang la ai
Cao Cao would try vĩ đại extend his clan's influence vĩ đại the lands south of the Yangtze river, however he met a descisive defeat at the battle of Chibi by the unified armies of Sun Quan and Liu Bei. Despite this defeat, Cao received the title of Duke of Wei in 213 and was given the nine bestowments and ten fief cities under his tên miền, known as Wei. In 216, he was granted the status of vassal king - King of Wei. In his life time, Cao Cao would fail vĩ đại unify Đài Loan Trung Quốc and in 220 he died leaving his son Cao Pi vĩ đại succeed him. Within a year, Pi would force Emperor Xian vĩ đại abdicate - ending the Han Dynasty and ushering in the age of the Three Kingdoms.
Xem thêm: hoàng thần tài là ai
The Cao clan, however, would not be the ones vĩ đại unify Đài Loan Trung Quốc in the kết thúc. Following the death of Cao Pi, his advisor, Sima Yi, began gathering massive political influence and power, and soon held the reigning Cao monarch as a puppet. In 249, Sima Yi captured Emperor Cao Fang and Regent Cao Shaung outside of the tomb of Cao Rui. Following the execution of Shuang and the destruction of his political faction, the Sima clan held total control of the Cao clan and Wei. The Cao clan would ultimately be unable vĩ đại wrestle control back from the Sima clan despite a successful assassination of Sima Yi's eldest son and successor, Sima Shi. In 264 following Shi's brother, Sima Zhao, conquering Han Shu, Zhao was appointed King of Jin by Emperor Cao Huan. The following year, Zhao would die from illness but his son, Sima Yan, would force Cao Huan vĩ đại abdicate the throne vĩ đại him thus ending the political rule of the Cao clan and establishing the Jin Dynasty.
Stripped of all power and influence, Cao Huan and surviving members of the clan went into hiding. After nearly two thousand years of hiding, four members of the Cao clan reemerged in the Chinese terrorist group Ranpan and as mercenaries for IU. After the fall of IU, Juju, Paonyan, and Meimei attacked and tried vĩ đại capture Kinji Tohyama and Aria H. Kanzaki along with killing Reki vĩ đại avenge the IU until they were defeated and imprisoned. After being released from prison, the sisters as part of Ranpan would side with the Greneda faction during the Far Eastern Warfare (FEW) until the Ranpan was defeated by Kinji Tohyama and became part of the Deen faction.
Known Members Mentioned in the Series
- Cao Cao (founder of the clan)
- Cao Cao Sisters: Juju, Paonyan, Meimei, and Jinyang
|Butei||Butei Law • Butei Ranks • Butei Academy Uniforms • Team Formations • Caravan • Amica • Quartet • Lumberjack|
|Butei Curriculum||Assault • Lezzad • Connect • Inquesta • Logi • Medica • Research • Intern • Masters • Colt|
|Powers and Tools||HSS • Irokane • Stealth • Fuchou Poison|
|Locations||Tokyo Butei High School • Hotogi Shrine • Nagoya Butei Girls Academy|
|Organizations||Butei • IU • Ranpan • Team Baskerville • Bandire • GIII League • Regiment Hex • Kinokuni • Public Division 0 • N|
|Families||Tohyama Family • Mamiya Family • Ulus Tribe • House of d'Arc • The Cao Clan|


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Bracelet acceptance dates back towards the Roman instances and proceeds currently.
Distance bracelets shared numerous in the style patterns of necklaces and earrings from that period. The ever well-known ball earrings from that period were properly matched having a ball style bracelet. Engraved bangles and snake bracelets have been very fashionable through long distance bracelets .
Bracelets fabricated from twisted coil with lion head ends ended up frequent area, as were being the two portion bracelets ending by using a pair of lion heads. The Heracles knot bracelet is identified to be a Roman era piece.
The Roman’s had been extremely artistic within the creating of their jewellery. Even so they continue to borrowed from Greek motifs. Palmettos, fleeing canines and acanthus leaves, all of Greek origin, were being usually seen during the designing of Roman jewelry.
Stones and glass have been frequently utilized in Roman bracelets. . Gem stones have been generally observed set in eyes. Open up bands have been reduce to symbolize a row of ivy and entwined with pearls.
Numerous on the leaf and berry bracelets ended up seriously adorned with attractive glass. The wealthier females could possibly be viewed sporting bracelets layered in bezel established emeralds.
Over the Gerogiian occasions bracelets remained well-liked. Paris jewelers were acknowledged for his or her gold bracelets set with pearl edging. Immediately after the 1820s coral turned the “in” trend assertion, so bracelets and other jewellery were closely set with coral.
Through the Gerogiian time it was quite trendy to wear quite a few bracelets at once, together with broad ribbon gold mesh bracelets, and silk ribbon bracelets. Gem and Diamond bracelets were developed in geometric styles. Gold was seriously used for the duration of this era.
The Victorian period brought improvements into the fashions of women, which includes jewellery styles. Earrings grew extensive and dangled, bracelets turned rigid and ended up ordinarily worn in pairs. The buckle bracelet grew to become extremely modern.
The jewellery in the Victorian era expressed sentiment, and bracelets were no exception. Bracelets would have lockets or charms with pictures or hair of the beloved one, and engravings were common


Would you believe me if I told you that to me this is a place of worship ?
As a Ghanaian, I can boldly say while beating my chest that this is our redemption.
Not many African’s have symbolic monuments that carry their history, often at times the only way they preserve their history is through folktales.
The Black Star Square is both a symbol of pride and a reminder of how far we have come as a people, reinforcing that when unified we can not be divided. Especially in Today’s current situation, Ghanaians need a hope for a better future.
so I urge all my brothers and sisters to take time to go to our place of worship.
There we can remember what our Osagyefo (our Deliverer) Dr. Kwame Nkrumah did for this great nation.
There we can cleanse ourselves of the spirits that have been set to divide us.
There we can Renew and make new a future that all Ghanaians can be proud of.
It was in 1957 that Ghana gained independence, walking away from our slave masters and claiming our own identity.
Oh Queen of the land ‘Asaaseyaa’, give us strength to carry on !
Ansah, Kofi. (2022), Mempe. Volta Region
” The Black Star Square is both a symbol of pride and a reminder of how far we have come as a people, reinforcing that when unified we can not be divided. “


The Philippine Embassy in Athens presents the “Fiesta Filipinas season 2”, an online celebration of Philippine festivals by the Department of Foreign Affairs in cooperation with the Department of Tourism, National Commission for Culture and the Arts, and National Historical Commission of the Philippines. The project aims to introduce and showcase Philippine festivals, culture, and traditions to our global audience and invite them to the country now that the borders are open again for tourists.
Join us this June as we have fun and learn about the historical celebration of the Wagayway Festival of Cavite as a way to commemorate the Philippines’ 124th Independence Day.
Let us virtually visit the birthplace of Philippine Independence and the cradle of revolution, Cavite and discover what other delights this patriotic province offers aside from history. Featuring the Pantihan Falls, Aguinaldo Shrine, Pico De Loro, and Sky Ranch.
See you on 25 June 2022, 10:00 a.m. (Philippine Standard Time) 5:00 a.m. (Greece Time) via DFA Facebook and YouTube channel.
Together, let’s get to know more about this historical and patriotic festival!


I have quite an obsession with ancient Egyptian history and artifacts. I'm completely fascinated and intrigued by the entire subject. I love watching the shows on Discovery about Egypt and its history. I have never had the opportunity to visit Egypt yet, at least not in this life. However, I did get a chance to go see the King Tut Exhibit at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. The exhibit was enjoyable and disappointing at the same time. I had in my mind that I was going to see king Tut and his mask. It was a huge disappointment to me that King Tuts mummy, mask and everything else that I thought I would see was not there. The way they advertise the exhibit they have you thinking that's what your going to see and that is not the case at all.
The exhibit was something to see for sure, unless your planning a trip to Egypt in the near future. I looked into going to Egypt and its quite expensive. I was told you should go with a tour group for safety concerns. Most group trips are 10 to 14 days long. Another museum that I enjoyed even more then the Tut exhibit was at the University Of Penn in Philadelphia. They have a wonderful Egyptian exhibit in their museum that you can see all year round. They have pieces that are more then 12 feet tall. Definitely something to see if you have any interest in historic relics.
About a year ago I was fortunate enough to come across some rare ancient Egyptian artifacts at an auction. I have some really unbelievable Egyptian pieces dating back more then 2000 years. Some still have the original paint and the dirt from excavation. There are also a few Egyptian Pendants within my collection. Recently we redesigned our bedroom to an Egyptian theme. There you will find about a dozen ancient Egyptian pieces along with some modern Egyptian decor.
It is believed that things that we are attracted to in this life are sometimes carried over from a past life. This includes fears of things such as water. Beings I'm so infatuated with Egypt, there is a chance I was there in a past life. Being certified in hypnosis and past life regression I have had the opportunity to see some of my past lives. As you can already assume, I did live in Egypt in a past life. I once lived as a great Pharaoh in very early Egypt.
The ancient Egyptians worked their entire lives to basically prepare for their after life. The Egyptians would conduct magical rituals in honor of the Gods and Goddess' that they would meet in their after life. They prayed to more then one hundred different Gods and Goddess over the thousands of years. Each God would represent different aspects of life and the afterlife. One example would be my favorite of all the gods "Anubis". Anubis ruled over death and the mummification ritual and looked like the jackal all in black. The Priest would wear a costume and a head shaped like the jackal to over see the funeral and mummification ceremonies. We have a black lab who was named Anubis after the Egyptian god. We shorten his name from Anubis to Nubis and finally Newbie.
The Egyptian were inventors of so many things that we use in our every day life. Some of their inventions include Make-up, writing, paper, beer and so much more. The modern day Easter Egg was also most likely taken from ancient Egypt. The Egyptians would color eggs and decorate them to place in the tombs of the dead. This was believed to represent rebirth and guarantee life after death. Another interesting fact about the Egyptians was their deep worship of the female deities such as mother Isis. She was greatly adored by the Egyptians as the all loving mother and giver of life.
So remember you were hear before the next time you are pulled toward a different time, nation, or fear.


Roscommon's Mosaic Tradition, Geometric and Artistic Mosaics in the North-West
"Roscommon's Mosaic Tradition - Geometric and Artistic Mosaics in the
A documentary photo-book.
"Roscommon's Mosaic Tradition - Geometric and Artistic Mosaics in the North-West" is a documentary photo book that explores mosaics once designed and created by 'Irish Mosaics', a prestigious mosaic factory founded by John Crane in Co. Roscommon, in 1952.
Artist Laura Earley began documenting these mosaics back in 2018. Conversations with locals and interviews with those who once worked in the industry feature in this artistic photo book.
The book features an eloquent introductory text by writer Tom Roseingrave, detailing the trajectory of the project and the history of the industry. The book also contains original documents and photographs from those who worked for the 'Irish Mosaics' factory. This photobook comprises of 117 pages, of which 80 of those are examples of geometric mosaics.
The book is available to purchase at Newsround Bookstore Roscommon Town, Co.Roscommon.
If you wish to receive a copy of the book via post please email firstname.lastname@example.org


If your early education years were similar to mine then at some point you likely were involved in the construction of a Thanksgiving diorama. Your teacher fed you all the same material about how the “pilgrims” had a big feast with their good Indian friend Squanto, where they all sat around a table festooned with corn, squash, pumpkin, bread pudding, and of course, turkey.
If you’re married to that imagery, may I suggest that you read no further. If you like to know the real story, then keep your eyes affixed to this post.
See, all the stuff we’ve been spoon-fed about Thanksgiving amounts to nothing more than our own version of American civil religion. Much like Native Americans have deep-rooted beliefs based upon their legends and spiritual centers, or the Norse, Romans, or Greeks, who all had their own gods—so we have this mythic legend of how our “first settlers” interacted with the true first settlers. There are a number of versions of the first “thanksgiving,” ranging from the Spaniards in St. Augustine, Florida, to the more widely familiar thanksgiving at Plymouth in 1621. Most of the other celebrations are far more plausible than the Plymouth of legend. And yet we stick to it. While a feast did occur with the Plymouth separatists and the local natives, it sure didn’t include turkey, bread of any sort, or pumpkin pies. They had no oven for baking bread or pies, and they didn’t hunt for fowl such as turkey at the time. What they did have was duck, geese, venison, fish, lobster, clams, seal, swan, berries, dried fruit, pumpkin, squash, and a host of other vegetables. You read that right. They had swan and seal, too.
This will win me no vegetarian friends, but I think culturally we did the right thing by choosing a bird as stupid as the turkey. If a turkey had knuckles, it wouldn’t have knuckles, if you catch my drift. The bird is so strikingly stupid it will actually allow itself to drown by staring up when it rains. This is one time when I can truthfully state stupid never tasted so good!
Myth: The gathering at Plymouth was held by the Pilgrims.
Reality: The Europeans who’d settled around Plymouth so famously in 1620 were pilgrims in the religious sense, but we didn’t refer to them at “the Pilgrims” until the mid to late 1880’s. These folks did, in fact, come to these shores upon the Mayflower, but not everyone aboard the ship was there for religious reasons; those folks weren’t coming over for religious freedoms—they had that in Holland. They essentially didn’t want to become Dutch, preferring to remain British. About two-thirds of the passengers were ordinary people looking to make a fresh start in a new place.
Moreover, the “pilgrims” didn’t actually land at Plymouth. They landed at Provincetown. The notion of the Mayflower arriving at Plymouth Rock is traced back to secondhand testimony given by a 95-year-old man in 1741—over a century after it was supposed to have occured. He recounts the story as one told to him by his father, who himself had arrived in America three years after the Mayflower.
Before setting sail, the separatists had initially considered beginning a colony somewhere in South America. Apparently they’d discounted going to Jamestown, Virginia. Information as to why they wound up at Provincetown is sketchy. The most widely floated hypothesis is that the pilgrims had maps of the New England area which they’d received from Squanto. Many people aren’t aware that Squanto was an interpreter for the settlers. He’d been sold into slavery by the Spaniards who’d first come to our shores, but escaped to England and learned English while there. Squanto was actually far more travelled than the settlers, having crossed the Atlantic up to six times.
They may have also chosen the New England area because a plague had almost completely wiped out the native populations in the area in 1617, so settling would be much easier and more secure. The aversion to Jamestown had more to do with religious conflicts: the Anglican church was well established in Virginia, and the separatists, having already suffered persecution at the hands of the Anglicans, certainly didn’t want to be dominated by them again.
Myth: Thanksgiving was a one-day meal shared amongst some farmers and indians.
Reality: Actually, the initial feast was a week long community affair. Records from the time indicate that somewhere around ninety natives showed up during that time to partake in the celebration. Scholars have largely believed that the feast was not a religious holiday, as the pilgrims would have no tolerance for such festivities during a truly religious time.
Myth: Thanksgiving has been celebrated as a holiday since 1623.
Reality: I’ll give you the gist: Thanksgiving has been celebrated, in one form and time or another, for quite a while. Since the Revolutionary War it has been proclaimed as a day of celebration by individual states at the behest of Congress—and often in different months, ranging from October to as late as January. But it wasn’t made a federal holiday until 1863, courtesy of Abraham Lincoln, the culmination of a seventeen-year letter writing campaign by Sarah Hale.
Here’s an interesting (and related) sidebar:
Ms. Sarah Josepha Hale – 17 Years, A Lamb, and Thomas Edison
Ms. Hale began her campaign for a federally sanctioned holiday of Thanksgiving back in 1846, and resulted in letters to five Presidents of the United States — Zachary Taylor, Millard Filmore, Franklin Pierce, James Buchanan, and Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln saw the unifying benefit of such a holiday amidst the national stress of the Civil War. His proclamation for the holiday echoed many of the same sentiments as prior presidents and statesmen, espousing the need for the country to take a full day to give thanks “and Praise to our beneficent Father who dwelleth in the Heavens.” Sarah’s efforts finally came to fruition via Lincoln’s pen in 1863, seventeen years after she began.
Interestingly, up to that point, only two other holidays were recognized at a national level: Washington’s birthday and Indpendence Day.
Sarah Hale is best known as being the woman most responsible for getting Thanksgiving established as a federal holiday. But you may not know that she was also the author of the childrens poem Mary’s Lamb, or as most all of us know it, Mary Had A Little Lamb.
In 1877, at age 89, Hale retired. That same year, Thomas Edison read the first words ever recorded on his latest invention, the phonograph — the opening lines to Mary Had A Little Lamb.
I remember being taught about how all the pilgrims wore black and white, and their clothing had buckles. This is wrong too. Buckles didn’t come into fashion until later in the seventeenth century, and black and white were typically worn on Sundays. Since this was a week-long feast and wasn’t considered a religious function they would wear just about anything but black and white.
And what about their tables manners? Did they pass around food and sample a bit of everything as we do? Take a guess.
Documentation from the time indicates there was something of a pecking order to who-got-to-sit-next-to-what. Seems those individuals in higher social standing got to sit nearest the heftier entrees. They didn’t pass the food around, instead eating whatever was closest to them. The tablecloth did triple duty as a cover for the table, a communal napkin, and was used as a means of picking up hot pieces of food; they didn’t use forks, just spoons, knives, and their fingers. They would have had salt at the table, but not pepper; it would have been used in the cooking process, but not placed upon the table.
Safe to say that our “traditional” Thanksgiving meal is an entirely different affair from the event we claim its ancestral origins from. Yet the principle behind it remains the same. Contemporary society has commercialized it, even to the extent of giving it a distant second billing to the onslaught of the Christmas shopping season. Most major retailers spend far more resources reminding us that Christmas is just around the bend well before Thanksgiving than they ever give to the Autumn Feast holiday. Are we so jaded that we consider Thanksgiving just another hurdle to breach on the way to the capatilistic bacchanal of Christmas? What a shame if so. And shame on us for allowing it to happen—not that I believe for an instant anyone gives a rat’s ass about thinking twice about it. Coporate America has ensured our mindset of the ‘holiday season’ is fixated upon commerce, and not so much about the underlying pleasantries of the holidays. I used to work for an company that claimed to “shut down” for Thanksgiving and Christmas, but in complete truth they would always tell their clients that people were available to work on their case loads during the “holidays”. I grant you, that’s not a unique situation, but it reeks of the same hypocrisy we apply to our celebration of most holidays, but especially those which have deeper roots in familial surroundings and traditions.
Maybe, just maybe, we could allow ourselves to completely detach from our self-involved lives—and perhaps just start with a day like Thanksgiving—and give a modern nod to the separatists who genuinely used the time to give thanks for all their blessings. Perhaps you don’t agree, but I believe our blessings extend well past the plastic in our purses and the display of largesse under a tree.
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Uprising showcases the historical events of 1981 in Britain following the New Cross Fire on the 18th January.
Don Dada was commissioned to create this short film, from the art direction, motion graphics and edit. This piece supported the BBC's Documentary series Uprising, directed Steve Mcqueen and James Rogan
Direction, Design, Animation and edit: Don Dada Studio
Writer: Kehinde Andrews
Narrator: Tiffany Calver
Production Company: Somethin' Else


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Four generations ago the Calamigos Ranch opened its first restaurant on the same spot where the Malibu Cafe Country Kitchen and Bar is located. Owned and operated as it is today, by the Gerson Family, the first (of many) signature items was born; the Calamigos Barbeque Sauce.
With their roots planted firmly in the cowboy lifestyle, illustrating the rugged brand of living off the land, Grant and Helen Walter Gerson created what is today known as Calamigos Ranch.
Over 50 years later, we would like to welcome you back to Calamigos Ranch for a dining experience wrapped deeply in rustic California heritage, honoring the cowboys and cowgirls that came before us, for a fashion cuisine unlike any other.
We welcome you to the Malibu Cafe, a breathtaking dining experience we call Nouveau Barbeque. With signature dishes created generations ago, paired with modern cooking techniques and flavors, we are proud to honor our ancestors and introduce you to a few of the many things that make California timeless.


In 1980, Colonel Ghadaffi put out a decree inviting all young Touareg men, who were living illegally in Libya, to come and receive a full military training at a designated camp in the southern desert. It was an opportunistic move. The Touareg had long held a reputation as brilliant bushmen and desert fighters. Ghadaffi dreamed of forming a Saharan regiment, made of the best young Touareg fighters, to further his territorial ambitions in Chad, Niger and elsewhere.
Seeing it as a heaven-sent chance to learn how to be soldiers and take back their homeland by force, Ibrahim and most of his friends answered the call immediately. Their training was very tough, and lasted only nine months. Four years later, in 1985, they were invited back into a new camp near Tripoli. This time it was run by the leaders of the Touareg rebel movement, the MPA (Mouvement Populaire de l’Azawad). Ibrahim, Inteyeden, Diarra and Hassan were joined by a whole new group of aspiring musicians, including Keddou Ag Ossade aka ‘Hiwaj’, Mohammed Ag Itlale aka ‘Japonais’, Sweiloum, Abouhadid and the young Abdallah Ag Alhousseyni. They formed a collective and built their own make-shift rehearsal studios, equipping it with basic gear bought with the money from a communal chest into which all recruits paid contributions. Their job was to write songs about the rebellion, about the aspirations of the Touareg for political freedom, for education and development, and then to record these songs without payment for whoever turned up at their door with an empty cassette. It was a propaganda machine for a people without any other forms of media whatsoever. The cassettes were taken back to camps and villages throughout the Sahara, copied, and then copied again and again and again. It was a cassette-to-cassette grapevine and the sound quality was as atrocious as the message was powerful.
Ibrahim, Inteyeden, Japonais, Diarra, Hassan and their friends never saw themselves as one-dimensional propagandists however. They were musicians and poets. Their songs spoke of deep personal struggles and of their love of their desert home, as much as they raised the flag for the rebel movement. In 1989, frustrated by the lack of progress and by broken promises, the members of Tinariwen escaped from the Libyan camp and headed south into Mali. Ibrahim found himself back in Tessalit, the village of his birth, for the first time in 26 years. And then, in June 1990, the rebellion began.


As mentioned back in the timeline of planet Gurx, for much of the last million years, the Strondovarians were not the only kind of Varian (or “intelligent” creature) one would find. Though Strondos are the only ones alive today and they don’t remember the details of their cousins, there were ages during which civilizations rose and fell and countless adventures were had. If someone out there were, let’sjustsayhypothetically, making an RPG with all this stuff, they’d work as player races. So let’s take a look at them.
Denizens of the Neboosidih
Here we see our pal Nibnassin next to three of the most successful other Varian species. The Strondos of that age were, on average, smaller than those of today, but this will work for scale. We’ll also use the names for these peoples as they are found in the Knowledge Bank of the Strondovarians. They undoubtedly had names for themselves, but modern Strondos don’t know them. Here’s what we do know, going from left to right:
Ealnoosvarian: A dense, round people who lived in caves and mountains, the Ealnoos were adapted for cold and dark. They were possibly the first of the Varians to invent clothing, making pants and gloves out of the skin of animals, and even had some primitive hydraulic technologies. Even at the heights of their civilization, they were unlikely to conglomerate in cities, but lived in small tribes, or even alone. They hid from other Varians whenever possible.
Hradivarian: Perhaps the most numerous and successful of the non-Strondo groups, the Hradivarians were extremely successful at living in forest environments. They built large villages in the canopies of tropical forests. Some of their larger civilizations were based around the rule of individuals worshipped as gods, who often led their people against other Varians (including other groups of Hradis), but they were still not warlike as a whole, and were often skilled rope-users to an extent that other Varians believed them to be magical. They even had hang-gliders, so that reputation is well-earned.
Glorkisvarian: The largest of the Varians still remembered, the Glorkis were seen by the others as we humans might have seen ogres. They were warlike as their reputation might suggest, but they were not so dumb. They actually mastered fire earlier than any of the other groups. They also lived in the largest urban settlement known from that era, a walled city the likes of which the planet has not seen since.
These three types of Varians were the most successful, but other groups existed as well. Sometimes the Strondos find evidence of these other cousins on their evolutionary family tree, but few Strondos care.


My name is Isaac and I am very glad you found my genealogy site. The site is devoted to finding out more about my ancestors, thier lives, their stories, their connections with people and events of the past. Through these stories and interconnections I hope to learn more about myself, where I came from, and share that information with others so they might do the same.
If you have any questions or comments about the information on
this site, please contact us.
We look forward to hearing from you.


The McDougall Centre is located in Downtown Calgary. The address is 455 6th St SW. It was first built in 1906 and was established by the Reverend George McDougall. It served as a Junior High School in the years 1921 to 1981 and prior to that served as a teachers school. In 1981 the school was closed, having only 54 students in grades one through six. On September 8th, 1987 the Alberta Government purchase the building for use by non-profit organizations. It is now a registered heritage site.


Haille Paine was founded in 1879 by Charles Gale who was later joined by Bennington Haille Paine. In 1927 Bennington was joined by his son Haille Hands Paine, and in keeping with family tradition, his grandson Haille Scott Smith became a principal partner in 1954, remaining with the firm until 2000.
An office was situated in Moss Vale and another also opened in Bowral in Wingecarribee Street. Haille Paine developed into one of the most established and well-respected law firms in the Southern Highlands.
As Haille Paine expanded, the Bowral office in Wingecarribee Street became too small and the practice relocated to the present-day heritage cottage, ‘Merrigang’ in Merrigang Street, Bowral. The Moss Vale office eventually closed so all the staff could work under one roof.
Today the practice in Bowral has four Solicitors. There are three principals: Scott Leary, Rohan McAlpine and David Allen, who is also the practice manager. Scott Leary joined the practice in 2008, Rohan McAlpine in 2014 and David Allen in 2017 when David Allen Legal merged with Haille Paine Solicitors. Kerrie Allman-Hore joined the practice as a legal clerk in 2014 and has worked as a solicitor since qualifying in July 2016. Peter Fleming, a former principal for 45 years, has retired and maintains a keen interest in the legal practice.


The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines Abandoned as follows: Abandoned – Adjective
a: left without needed protection, care, or support
b: left by owner
c: no longer thought of: given up
I have had a life-long interest in history, historical places and especially a burning passion (more of an obsession really) to photograph abandoned old places and things. Although I’m sure its partially a nostalgic maybe even a romanticists thing to do, I have been trying where possible to also get historical information on the subjects and images that I am able to capture. As I have traveled around western Canada, more recently in Alberta and Saskatchewan, I have been trying to capture images of old elevators and barns. I have expanded this scope to include old farmstead, farm buildings and machinery over time. I’m always on the lookout for a old elevators, barns, farmhouses, windmills, trucks etc. so if you know of any please be kind enough to contact me to let me know where they are. If I am able to get a usable image I will send you a copy as a reward for your time and help.
As a result of this “obsession” I have created an Abandoned gallery containing a sampling of some of the images I have captured so far as well as an indicator of the types of images that I am looking expand on going forward. On my last trip to the Grande Prairie (click here for my blog post on my Grande Prairie trip) I had some absolutely great discoveries. During my trip in the Grand Prairie area I happened upon a old Icelandic style barn in Valhalla Alberta. I think that this old barn is an absolutely beautiful treasure and find and and I might add, an excellent image to have on my wall. If your in the area be sure to stop at the South Peace Centennial Museum in Beaverlodge Alberta. This museum is I think one of the finest examples of a very well done museum that captures the essence of the area.
If you’re travelling in the Calgary area your should checkout historical abandoned buildings in Rowley, Sharples and Dorothy Alberta. These places contain fine examples of still-standing historic buildings and places that contributed to the building of Alberta. I have been able to cobble together historical facts on many of these places and buildings.
If you travelling in beautiful Saskatchewan you’re in for a photographic treat. Saskatchewan is full of culturally historic now abandoned farmsteads and farm buildings. With numerous out of the way hamlets such as Alvena, Batoche or the abandoned bridge in St. Louis and the elevators of Domremy you’re sure to find an image under those amazing Saskatchewan skies.
Please visit the Abandoned gallery for images from these places. I hope that you enjoy them as much as I have had capturing and presenting them here. If your interested in this type of photography let me know as it would be re -assuring to know that I am not the only one with this passion. If you have any feedback on how I can improve this gallery or content suggestions please contact me and I promise to reply. Thank you for viewing.


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Eagle Feather copyright 2009 Jess DuBois
Jess DuBois was featured on the
February 21, 2013
Lincoln Hills episode of
The Colorado Experience
on PBS Chanel 6.1 Denver.
Find out how Jess Dubois' family built Lincoln Hills, the first all African American resort west of the Mississippi, a haven during a time of racial segregation.


In 1932 a revival led by Rev. Go-van Cudd was held under a brush arbor built on Thomas and Ida Johnson’s farm. Following the revival services a number of people recognized the need for a church to be established in the community because distance prevented many people from attending other churches. Under the leadership of Mrs. Ida Johnson, Mrs. Vaira Pettit and Mrs. Malony Wood a group of people worked together to convert a tenant house on the Johnson farm into a place of worship.
Rev. J. T. Wood was called as pastor and Mt. Sinai Baptist Church was later organized in 1936 with seven charter members. The Buck Creek Baptist Church was instrumental in helping organize the church. Thomas Johnson and Emory Pettit served as the first deacons and Genevieve Gosnell served as the first clerk.
After Rev. Wood’s seven year tenure as pastor Rev. Guy Johnson, Thomas Johnson’s brother, was called to pastor the church in 1938 or 1939. The church’s leadership began to feel that the church needed to relocate from the Johnson farm and construct a more adequate building. Dr. E. E. Bomar of Landrum, SC was approached about a tract of land on which to build. Dr. Bomar initially tried to encourage the group to begin attending the First Baptist Church in Landrum, but was moved by the church’s determination to remain where they were since many of those who attended did not have adequate transportation to attend elsewhere. In the end Dr. Bomar and his wife donated a four-fifths acre tract to the church. At Dr. Bomar’s request the church’s name was changed to Pacolet Hills Baptist Church. The church reorganized under its new name in 1941. An additional half acre of land was purchased from Dr. Bomar in 1946 to serve as a cemetery. Shortly after the reorganization Rev. Johnson resigned to further his education.
Those who have pastored Pacolet Hills Baptist Church are the Reverends Robert Early, C. C. Tucker, J. C. Burrell, George Mitchell, Clarence Campbell, Hollis Lovelace, J. C. Sinclair, Vince Hefner, Aaron Pruitt, Tim Evans, Barry Tucker, Robert Buhl, James Skipper, James Penfield, Dupre Gowan, and James Price. Rev. John Roberts became the church’s pastor January 1, 2016.
In 1972 the church completed a major renovation with Sunday School rooms and a fellowship hall being added to the original building. A pastorium was built in 1991. Other improvements to the property have been made over the years.
Rev. Roberts and his wife Sandra are excited about being a part of the community that surrounds the church.
Visit Pacolet Hills Baptist Church !
Join Us on Sundays
SUNDAY SCHOOL 10 AM
WORSHIP SERVICE 11 AM
BIBLE STUDY 6 PM
Join Us on Wednesdays
PRAYER MEETING & BRIEF BIBLE STUDY 6:30 PM
Check us out
Physical Address: 3240 Red Fox Rd. Columbus, NC 28722
Mailing Address: 480 Jackson Grove Rd. Columbus, NC 28722


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The date was approved at the General Conference of the International Council of museums in 1977. In honor of this holiday, the groups E04-21, E02-21, E06-21 visited the Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the lesson “history of Kazakhstan”. Since 1931, the museum has been designed by the famous architect of the city of Verny A. P. Zenkov from 1904 to 1907. it was located in the building of the former Cathedral, which was built. The modern building of the museum was built in 1985 according to the projects of architects Yu.Ratushny, Z. Mustafina and B. Rzagaliyev. Today, the fund of the Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan consists of about three hundred thousand valuables of material and spiritual culture. The museum has seven main exhibition halls.
May 18 – International Museum Day.


Jay Woogara was born during the British Colonial rule of Mauritius into a poverty-stricken Hindu family. Despite working in the sugarcane fields and being thrown out of fee-paying secondary school, he was determined to gain an education. This inspiring autobiography traces Jay's journey from Mauritius to England where he overcame racial discrimination to become a nurse teacher, barrister and senior University lecturer.
From Sugarcane to Surrey launched in Spring 2023. You can order a copy from this page for £10.99 plus postage.


The United States in recent years, has been rocked by protests and debates over issues of systemic racism and inequality. One of the most controversial and divisive issues has been the Pledge of Allegiance, which has been the subject of numerous court cases and public controversies. In this article, we will examine the case of a Black high school student who claims that a teacher pushed her into a wall for not saying the Pledge of Allegiance, even though white students were also not participating.
The incident took place at Windfern High School in Houston, Texas, on February 15, 2021. The student, identified only as “L.T.” to protect her privacy, was in her first-period class when the school’s daily announcement came on, asking students to stand for the Pledge of Allegiance. L.T. did not stand or recite the pledge, as she had done for several years without incident. According to L.T., her teacher, identified as Mrs. Brown, approached her and asked why she was not participating. L.T. explained that she did not feel comfortable reciting the pledge, as she believed that it was disrespectful to her family and ancestors who had suffered under systemic racism and oppression. Mrs. Brown allegedly responded by telling L.T. to “go back to Africa” and then pushing her into a wall.
L.T. immediately reported the incident to the school’s principal and filed a police report. The school district issued a statement condemning the alleged behavior and stating that an investigation was underway. The district also confirmed that students are not required to recite the Pledge of Allegiance and that teachers are not allowed to force them to do so. However, L.T. and her family say that the district has not done enough to address the incident or ensure that it will not happen again.
The case has drawn national attention and sparked a debate about the role of the Pledge of Allegiance in schools and society. Some argue that the pledge is a symbol of national unity and patriotism, and that it is disrespectful not to participate. Others argue that the pledge has a troubled history, particularly for people of color, and that forcing students to recite it goes against the principles of freedom of speech and expression.
The history of the Pledge of Allegiance is indeed complex and controversial. The pledge was first written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister and socialist who believed that it would promote patriotism and unity among Americans. The original version of the pledge did not include the phrase “under God,” which was added in 1954 during the Cold War as a way to distinguish the United States from the officially atheistic Soviet Union. The pledge has been challenged numerous times in court over the years, particularly over the phrase “under God,” which some argue violates the First Amendment’s prohibition against the establishment of religion.
The debate over the Pledge of Allegiance has become particularly heated in recent years, as more and more Americans have become aware of the country’s history of racism and oppression. For many people of color, reciting the pledge is a fraught act that symbolizes a history of exclusion and marginalization. Some have pointed out that the original pledge was written at a time when Jim Crow laws were being enacted across the South and that the phrase “liberty and justice for all” was not meant to include Black Americans. Others have argued that the pledge is a form of nationalist propaganda that promotes blind obedience to the state.
The case of L.T. is just one example of the ongoing controversy over the Pledge of Allegiance. It raises important questions about the role of schools in promoting patriotism and national unity, as well as the responsibilities of teachers and administrators in creating a safe and inclusive learning environment.


Sometimes you starve for years before success happens. Sometimes you catch a lucky break. And sometimes your millionaire dad from Dallas owns a record label, as it was with Jon Abdnor, half of the one-hit wonder duo Jon and Robin. Written by Wayne Carson Thompson, who also wrote "The Letter" for the Box Tops.
Saturday, June 24, 2017
The first hit for Spanky and Our Gang - the band, not the kids from those 20's and 30's Hollywood shorts, though lead singer Elaine McFarlane took her nickname from one of those little rascals. The song was offered to the Mamas and the Papas, and to the Left Banke, but both groups passed on it. Their loss.
Friday, June 23, 2017
Two days before the Beatles started their first world tour in 1964, Ringo developed tonsillitis. Rather than postpone any gigs, Jimmie Nicol was brought in last-minute for the first few shows until Ringo rejoined them 10 days later. Paul would ask Jimmie how he was dealing with the sudden fame. He always replied, "It's getting better," and that little exchange led to this "Sgt. Pepper" track. Michael Jackson eventually obtained the rights to most of the Beatles catalog (though he still almost went broke) and this song was licensed for a Phillips lighting ad in 1999. Video is Paul doing the track live.
Thursday, June 22, 2017
The Five Americans started out as the Mutineers, a frat party band at Southeastern Oklahoma State University. They moved to Dallas and hooked up with Dale Hawkins (original singer of "Susie Q") as their producer. The band broke up in 1969 amid questions over how their finances were administered. Seems like that happened a lot.
Wednesday, June 21, 2017
Second only to the Temptations, the Four Tops were Motown's biggest male vocal group, due in no small part to the songwriting/production team of Holland-Dozier-Holland. This was the ninth Top 20 pop record for the Tops written by H-D-H, who soon left the label in a dispute over profit sharing and royalties.
Tuesday, June 20, 2017
Here's one from Tommy James and the Shondells that came about as the result of a happy accident. They were at the studio when co-producer Bo Gentry accidentally loaded a tape of their previous single, "I Think We're Alone Now" backwards on the reel-to-reel. The group liked it, and "Mirage" was pretty much written on the spot as it sounds like "Alone Now" turned inside out.
Monday, June 19, 2017
David Ruffin was featured once again here on lead for the mighty Temptations. By now, he had become aloof from the rest of the Temps, taking a separate mink-lined limo to the gigs, and also developed a pronounced cocaine habit. Ruffin demanded that he receive top billing in the manner of Diana Ross and Smokey Robinson. He didn't get top billing, and was eventually dismissed from the group.