by Rita Hanle
In a recent conversation, Herb Scherer shared a publication of Marquee, a quarterly publication of the Theatre Historical Society of America. Authors and contributors are members of this organization, and because of their interest in historic theatre, each edition is a specially curated trip through theatre history. Herb is showcased in the first quarter 2016 edition with two articles: “A Look into American Newsreel Theatres” and “Interview with Washington D.C.’s Trans-Lux Newsreel Theatre Manager Ray Gingell.”
In today’s news world, there are many sources to keep up with what is happening around the world. Think back to the early twentieth century when radio was the main source of news, but since the dawn of civilization, humans have told stories with pictures. When sound was perfected, the movies were equipped to see and hear news happen. The newsreel came into its own with newsreel theaters becoming very popular in the 30s. At that time, individuals went to the theater on a regular basis to see more or less whatever was playing. Three chains of newsreel theaters emerged: Newsreel Theaters, Inc., Telenews, and Trans-Lux, which became the most successful venue. For a cost of about twenty-five cents, one could view a continuous forty-five minute showing of newsreels and a single feature of an interesting topic of the day. Trans-Lux Theaters were located in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington DC.
According to Herb, the decline in theater attendance started with the legalizing of the cocktail lounge, which drew large numbers of people who enjoyed a few drinks and listened to an entertainer. Baseball games were held in the daytime and large numbers of fans attended them. Herb stated that people don’t go to the movies as they used to, because there many more opportunities to be entertained. Most movie attenders today want to attend a “hit.” Years ago there wasn’t the competition for the entertainment dollar that there is today.
Check out the Theatre Historical Society of American online at historictheatres.org.


Welcome to Thereses vacation-home in Bugøynes
Here you can enjoy the calm in natures beauty.
Bugøynes is a beautiful little village in Varangerfjorden, with berely 200 residents. In the 1800s this little village was inhabited by immigrants from Finland. The finnish language still remains, and Bugøynes is often called little-Finland (Pikku-Suomi). Bugøynes was also one of the few places in finnmark that did not get burned down during world war 2. The village therefore still consists of old houses made of wood., which makes the village unique. Thereses vacation-home is one of these houses made of wood. The 160 square foot house lays very sentral in the village, and is nearly a 100 years old. It is how ever been modernized. The house is right by the waterfront. Visit our facebook page Thereses feriehus.


| Czech Republic
||78.86 km2 (30.442 miles2)
||Roman Catholic, Protestant, ...
||Czech crown (koruna česká) = 100 hallers (haléř)
||230 volts (two round-pin plugs)
|Bank Opening Hours
||Mo.-Fri. 8AM - 5PM
|The area covered by the Czech republic (comprising the historic lands of
Bohemia, Moravia and part of Silesia) was successively occupied by Celts, Teutons, and, in
the 6th century AD, by Slav tribes, who formed the Great Moravian Empire.
Under Charles IV, Praha (Prague) became the political and cultural center
of the empire.
In later years, the country was torn by political and religious strife; preacher Jan Hus
was burned at the stake in 1415, while the Thirty Years' War was heralded in 1618, by
tossing Catholic councilors out the window of Prague's Castle. After the battle of the
Bílá Hora (White Mountain) in 1620 (protestants defeated), the Czechs were ruled from
Vienna by the Hapsburgs. |
||the collapse of the Hapsburg Empire led to the
creation of the new state of Czechoslovakia
||the Munich Conference left the prosperous and
politically stable country powerless in the face of Nazi Germany
||the country was dismembered, with Bohemia and
Moravia becoming a Nazi protectorate
||U.S. troops liberated western Bohemia, and the
Red Army freed the rest of the country
||Communists seized power
||"The Prague Summer 68" - an attempt of
reformists to establish "Socialism with a human face," led by Alexander Dubcek,
was crushed by Soviet-led troops
||with the collapse of Communism throughout
Eastern Europe, the Czechs brought about the Velvet Revolution. Playwright
was elected president.
||differences between Czechs and Slovaks on how to
form a new democratic state led to an agreement separate.
||the Czech Republic was proclaimed on Jan. 1,


Farwah Jafri | April 3 2023
Taxation without representation is when a government imposes taxes on its citizens without their consent or input. The term is often used to describe the situation in colonial America before the American Revolution when the British government taxed British colonies without representation in the British Parliament.
The idea of taxation without representation has since become a broader principle that refers to any situation where a government taxes citizens without their input or consent. The principle is an important part of democratic governance, as it reflects the idea that citizens should have a voice in the decisions that affect them, including decisions about taxation.
In this blog post, we will explore the history and significance of taxation without representation, examine some of the most notable examples of this practice throughout history, and discuss the ongoing implications of this issue in modern times. Whether you’re a history buff, a political junkie, or simply someone who wants to understand how taxation and representation intersect, this post will provide you with everything you need to know about this important and often misunderstood concept.
This concept is closely associated with the American Revolution, as it was a major cause of the colonists’ resentment towards British rule.
The idea of taxation without representation is based on the belief that a government should only have the power to tax its citizens if they have a say in how that money is spent. In other words, taxation and representation are two sides of the same coin. When a government imposes taxes without giving citizens a voice in decision-making, it takes money from them without their consent.
In the case of the American Revolution, the colonists believed they were being subjected to taxation without representation because they had no say in the British government. Although they had representatives in the British Parliament, they had no real power, and their interests were often ignored. It led to frustration and anger among the colonists, who felt they were being treated unfairly.
Here are some examples of taxation without representation:
One of the most famous examples of taxation without representation was the Stamp Act of 1765. This law required colonists to pay a tax on various printed materials, such as newspapers, legal documents, and playing cards. The colonists saw this as a direct assault on their rights, as they had no say in imposing this tax. This led to protests and boycotts, eventually leading to the Stamp Act’s repeal.
Another example of taxation without representation was the Tea Act of 1773. This law allowed the British East India Company to sell tea directly to the colonies, bypassing colonial merchants. The colonists saw this as an attempt to establish a monopoly and objected to the tax imposed on the tea. This led to the Boston Tea Party, where colonists disguised as Native Americans boarded British ships and dumped tea into Boston Harbor.
The American Revolution is one of the most significant examples of taxation without representation in history. The British government imposed several taxes on the American colonists without giving them any representation in the British parliament. This led to the famous slogan “no taxation without representation,” which became one of the rallying cries of the American Revolution.
Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States, but the US government does not fully represent its residents. Puerto Ricans are US citizens but cannot vote in presidential elections and have no voting representation in Congress. However, they still pay federal taxes like any other US citizen, leading to accusations of taxation without representation.
The District of Columbia is another example of taxation without representation in the United States. Residents of DC are US citizens but do not have full representation in Congress. They have a non-voting delegate in the House of Representatives but no representation in the Senate. However, they still pay federal taxes like any other US citizen.
In many countries, indigenous communities have been subject to taxation without representation. Their national government may only tax them with representation in that government. This can lead to a situation where the indigenous people are disadvantaged and may need access to the same resources and services as other citizens.
In conclusion, taxation without representation is a concept that has been historically significant in many parts of the world. It refers to situations where a group of people is taxed without any say or representation in decision-making. This can lead to unfairness and disadvantage, as the taxed group may have access to different resources and services than other citizens.
Farwah is the Product Owner of Monily. She has an MBA from Alliance Manchester Business School, UK. She is passionate about helping businesses overcome challenges that hamper their growth, which is why she is working at Monily to facilitate entrepreneurs to efficiently manage business finances and stay focused on growth.


Are you looking for nearby attractions during your stay?
Les Baux de Provence
Classified in 1998, among the 'Most Beautiful Villages of France', located in the heart of the Alpilles on a rocky plaeau, the Village of 'Les Baux de Provence' dominates Arles and the Camargue and offers an exceptional panorama patiently restored, the Village has a historical and architactural heritage with 22 listed monuments.
The 'Carrière de Lumière' near the village host multimedia slows unique in the world.
Saint-Rémy de Provence
In the Provencal capital of the art of living where Nostradamus was born, you will find : gastronomy, the provencal market, artists, beautiful shops and art galleries, ballads and higing trails...
places painted by Van Gogh, the Glanum archaeological site.
Arles the Roman and its monuments. Arles and many sites apinted by Van Gogh, Arles and Santiago de Compostele, Arles and the Rhone, Arles and its mansions : so many topics related to the city that will allow you to come to Arles, then come back, without having an impression of 'déjà vu'...
Throughout the year, events make Arles a must, among them 'Les rencontres de Arles', an annual photographer's festival, taking place from July to September, founded in 1970 by Arlésien photographer Lucien Clergue. The exhibition are presented in various historic places in the city.
le Pont du Gard
Less than 40 minutes drive from 'Le Mas des Lauriers', the visit of 'Le Pont du Gard' is a must. The result of exceptional architecture, 'Le Pont du Gard' is one of the best preserved Roman remains in the world. In charge of history, he was also the source of inspiration for many artists. Liste as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, 'Le Pont du Gard' is part of an exceptional environment. A remarkable site to protect for future generations. A masterpiece of ancient architecture, 'Le Pont du Gard' acqueduct is one of the most beautiful Roman construction in the region. A grandiose monument to discover in the heart of the route of this Roman acqueduct.
Uzès, "Premier Duchy of France' will seduce you with its charm and authenticity. Enjoy the unique atmosphere in its medieval streets and secret gardens. You will discover the surprising history of its Ducal castel and its Renaissance manisons. As you walk, the elegance of its shaded squares, the freshness of its fountains will seduce you.


NCGOP Honors Volunteers At Hall Of Fame Celebration
Raleigh, NC – Last night, the North Carolina Republican Party celebrated its 16th Biennial Hall of Fame Awards Celebration at the Embassy Suites in Cary.
More than 330 people were in attendance to celebrate and thank the hardworking volunteers of the North Carolina Republican Party.
The featured speaker of the event was Governor Pat McCrory, who participated in a question and answer session with NCGOP Chairman Claude Pope and NCGOP Vice Chairwoman Joyce Krawiec.
Dignitaries in attendance included Governor McCrory, U.S. Senator Richard Burr, Lt. Governor Dan Forest, Congressman Howard Coble, Congresswoman Renee Ellmers, and Congressman Richard Hudson.
Attendees also participated in an NCGOP straw poll of the Republican U.S. Senate candidates. Thom Tillis came in first place with 58.8% of the votes followed by Greg Brannon, Mark Harris, Bill Flynn and Heather Grant.
The North Carolina Republican Party’s Hall of Fame Celebration was established in 1982 and became a biennial awards event in 1985. Since 1985, in odd-numbered years, the NCGOP recognizes one individual from each Congressional District who has demonstrated a commitment to the North Carolina Republican Party through their years of work and service. Three statewide awards were also presented, including: the Charles Raper Jonas Award, the J.E. Broyhill Award, and the John P. East Memorial Award.
“It was an honor to celebrate and give thanks to our Hall of Fame winners and nominees, as well as the thousands of volunteers across the state who have been indispensable in our efforts to build and strengthen the North Carolina Republican Party,” said North Carolina Republican Party Chairman Claude Pope. “The tremendous successes of the North Carolina Republican Party would have never been possible without the help of our dedicated grassroots volunteers, and their hard work and unlimited energy will lead us to the finish line in 2014.”
North Carolina Republican Party Hall of Fame Winners
Charles Raper Jonas Award
Rep. George Cleveland
J. E. Broyhill Award
John P. East Memorial Award
Dolores “Do” Shaver
Robert E. Randall
Rep. Carolyn Justice
Congressman Robert “Robin” Cannon Hayes
Kathy & Candler Willis


Printed fabrics are a development of the hands-decorated materials of China and India, in particular the latter. The English and French, not able to compete with the cheap work of the East in reproducing these cloths developed a system of reproducing the Eastern styles by means of hand obstructs.
The making of designs by this procedure grew to become an art in itself. In Britain these published furniture materials were known as chintzes, when in France these people were given the name of cretonne.
In Britain the chintzes were often glazed, and also this process was introduced in America, in which the need for glazed material had used an abrupt jump, as a result of earlier generations needed lighting and colour, and published materials match this need for timber structures along with other accessories a lot more than many other materials from an economical as viewpoint.
The most effective known of fabrics of this personality were the toiles de Jouy, manufactured in France during the second option half of the 18th and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. They exceeded certainly everything that had gone before.
Philip Oberkampf, born in Ansbach, Bavaria, became a naturalized Frenchman and opened up a workshop inside the town of Jouy, close to Versailles, where he performed practically all the function themselves. From the creating and making in the obstructs to marketing the completed product, Oberkampf was taught to his occupation nearly through the cradle. He was an apprentice inside the coloring-functions of his father at the age of 11.
At eighteen he was able to teach printers the use of fast tints. His goods grew to become so popular and his awesome establishment increased in such a outstanding way that he was ennobled through the master. The earliest Jouy designs had been in red-colored, as well as the designs had been distinctly inspired from Oriental tapestry window toppers originals.
Later on, peasant scenarios were launched, then allegorical and mythological subjects and scenarios from contemporary history, like the beginnings from the French Trend and the American Innovative War – subjects that had been informative along with interesting as motifs.
The title of Jean Baptiste Huet needs to be mentioned as one from the artists of the time period who executed numerous sketches for your Oberkampf prints. Oberkampf spared no cost and effort in acquiring the very best talent, and he employed up to fifteen hundred workers, an excellent number for the time.
The print works broadened as he introduced roller publishing on the region. He also sent agents to England and India to discover the eastern secret of producing brilliant colors. The fame of Jouy failed to live past the Empire, and Oberkampf died in 1815. The splendid work of Jouy, nevertheless, has suffered over time.
Textile printing was known in India at an earlier date and spread within the near and Far East. Specimens of Indian native natural cotton materials have been found in tombs and in historic ornamental pediment.
Their printing method was sophisticated and forms the cornerstone in our early fabric printing. The design was not stained around the fabric but dyed into the fabric so that it could not be washed out. The pattern was applied either yourself artwork, block-printing, or stenciling.
The colors were powerful in sculpt as well as the styles informed stories of a new country, particularly to the people of England, France, Holland and Portugal where these were introduced by retailers within the 18th century. The types of the Indian native textiles serve us nowadays as gorgeous designs for modern work. One attraction of the Indian native prints in Europe was the truth that these people were made from cotton, a material not known in Europe at the moment.
Europe did not depend entirely on India for styles. We have seen Italian motifs appearing, the flower bouquets of Louis XIV, the pastoral as well as the mythological scenarios in the Louis XV design. The vogue for published materials in Europe grew to become so excellent within the 17th century that this French government forbade the importation of those as the silk weavers had been in great danger.
A comparable law was approved in England, but this law did not appear to quit the appreciation in the Indian native chintzes. Culture was anxious for these particular not allowed fabrics and acquired them despite all limitations.
Stenciled components will be in reality decorated. Patterns are cut out of paper, which is laid in the fabric or timber picture frames, and also the colours are applied with a brush. Batiks began in Java, and through recent times ijnbfu appreciated great popularity in America. The procedure is a complicated one in which the impact is obtained by dyeing.
The servings to become remaining simple are covered with wax tart, whilst crackled results are obtained by cracking the wax tart and dipping the material within the coloring in this particular problem. The dye then permeates the fissures, providing an irregular, but fascinating.


Model Home Open Daily
Mon. - Fri. 9:30am - 6:00pm
Sat. 10:00am - 5:00pm
Sun. 11:00pm - 4:00pm
At 2,281 heated sqft, the two story Moultire home offers 4 bedrooms total with a first level master suite and 3.5 bathrooms. Optional upgrades include a free standing tub in the master bathroom, fireplace, larger laundry room, and rear foyer.
“The major historical site of Fort Moultrie on Sullivan’s Island is recognized as a place of honor along the South Carolina coast. The Moultrie’s design signifies the nobility that’s reflected in the story of the American seacoast defense. With history covering more than 220 years from the American Revolution to World War ll, this home has a magnificent presence reflecting the spirit and grandeur of it’s inspiration. “
Living Dunes is a Living Beach LLC development. Construction and real estate sales will be managed by CRG Companies, Inc.
For more info call 843-651-8460


Nelson is a medium sized town in the Borough of Pendle in Lancashire. It is about 5 miles north of Burnley on M65, Manchester is about 31 miles south of Nelson. Nelson has a strong history of a mill town during the industrial revolution.
Villages / Towns Near Nelson
Barrowford, Brierfield, Colne, Blacko, Fence, Trawden, Barnoldswick, Burnley, Higham, Padiham
Some of the most popular places to visit and businesses to shop at in Nelson are Morrisons, Pendle Wavelengths, Asian Bazaars in Nelson Town Centre, Mansha Sweet Centre and area’s biggest Home Bargains.


Selected Projects > Barnard Vermont Master Plan, Sauna, Pond, Permaculture Farm Homestead
Adapting a historic farm and homestead to the post-peak oil age. Early Vermont farmstead on the National Historic Register undergoes future-preservation retrofits including: cherry, pear, blueberry, seaberry, currant, gooseberry, peach, walnut, oak, chestnut, and many other foods added to the existing heirloom apple grove. White oak pergola and cedar/plaster sauna added to the built elements. Gravity feed water system added to feed house and landscape from a true artesian well source.


On 29th January 2017, over 130 people visited Jealotts Hill Community Landshare (JHCL) to enjoy a traditional Wassail celebration despite the drizzling rain.
Approximately 90 members of the public first enjoyed a guided walk, led by local historian Hugh Fitzwilliams, and toured the local Warfield countryside to the JHCL site.
The group then returned to JHCL to be greeted by a bonfire, hot drinks including a spiced apple cup, cakes and stalls, to warm up and socialise.
Ellington Morris Dancers led the traditional Wassail celebrations in the orchard which included dancing, pouring apple juice on the tree roots and singing. Wassailing was first practiced in the cider orchards of southern England dating back to 1585 to improve the harvest.
Chair of the Friends of JHCL, Mary Sanerkin commented ‘It was great to see such a turn out on a wet day, and shows the public support of the events at JHCL. Thank you to everyone who braved the rain to come and join our celebrations.’
The annual Walk ‘n’ Wassail at JHCL will be held again in January 2018.


“Vedi Napoli e poi muori”
Cruise ships dock right in Naples. No trains involved, so it was great just to walk into the city and start exploring. I loved Naples. Gritty and fabulous old buildings and people hanging out their laundry and just living. The Museo Archeologico Nazionale was spectacular: the Farnese collection, the mosaics from Pompeii, and the Secret Gallery of ancient erotic art (Pompeii porn), were all fantastic. Oh, and great pizza.


|Margaret Keane and actress Amy Adams|
Of course, the movie doesn't bring out a whole lot of the "knock on Sister Keane's door" that changed her life. She and her daughter were both baptized on August 5, 1972, in the beautiful blue Pacific Ocean of Hawaii. Sister Keane's life story appeared three years after she was baptized in the article: ”My Life as a Famous Artist” (Awake!, July 8, 1975). In that article you'll learn more interesting details not covered in the movie. For example, did you know that the works Sister Keane created before she learned the Truth tended to depict sad-looking children in dark settings. Once she became one of Jehovah's Witnesses, her work took on a happier, brighter style. Keane's website now advertises her work as having "tears of joy" or "tears of happiness".
Brother Benson started to study the Bible in the 1970's after his beloved cousin was tragically murdered. In an online interview, George explained how he learned the Truth: ”For me [studying with Jehovah's Witnesses] answered a lot of my questions about life and another thing about going to different churches was I got a chance to see how other people think so none of that was wasted. I had a chance to see what motivated other people so the value was still there. My mother took me to all these different places to learn about religion in general and for me the thing that I was looking for was found with the Jehovah's Witnesses. They are very demanding in that they stick to bible principles and they do not waiver from it. I like that about them more than anything else.” He was baptized in 1979.
Brother Benson is now 71 years old and has been faithfully serving Jehovah for some 36 years.
If the first thing that comes to mind when you see the name Eisenhower is the former U.S. president, you are on the right track. Ida was the mother of Dwight Eisenhower, considered by many to be one of the greatest presidents in the nation’s history, but she was also an accomplished woman in her own right. As a young woman growing up in Kansas in the 1800’s, she was discouraged from going to high school, but she did so anyway and even went on to graduate from Lane University. She was a part of the early history of our faith, as she joined the International Bible Students in the 1890’s, a group that would soon be known as the Jehovah’s Witnesses. Her home would be a frequent meeting place for the group. Having raised four children, including Dwight and Milton – the latter would go on to become president of Kansas State University, Pennsylvania State University and John Hopkins University – Ida was named Kansas Mother of the Year in 1945.
Sister Eisenhower is briefly mentioned in the article, ”A Soldier Who Became a Preacher” October 15, 1980 pp. 25-26.
Before passing away in 2013, Engleitner was known as the oldest male survivor of the Holocaust. He is the subject of the documentaries Unbroken Will and Ladder in the Lions' Den. Engleitner was baptized as one of Jehovah’s Witnesses in 1932 and, even before the rise of Nazi Germany, faced intolerance from his Austrian countrymen for this. His treatment in concentration camps was such that he dwindled down to 54 pounds and was released only when he submitted to a life of slavery. Two years later, he was forcibly enlisted in the German army. Choosing not to fight, he hid in rural mountains and was hunted by Nazi soldiers, but never caught. The courage to remain steadfast in his faith despite imprisonment and torment makes him a great example of what it truly means to be steadfast.
Brother Engleitner's life story appeared in the article: ”Though Weak, I Am Powerful”, May 1, 2005 pp. 23-28. The documentary Ladder in the Lions' Den can is available online from Ministry Ideaz here: http://www.ministryideaz.com/VLLD
Comment and tell us about a brother or sister that you look up to (famous or otherwise)!


Savant was founded in 1988 as an Information Technology consulting company. Our first engagement was to develop a way to replace the proprietary and expensive Reynolds and Reynolds terminals and printers used in car dealerships with this new and emerging technology called the PC. We later went on to develop a program to track Scuba dive logs called Dive Profiler, which was integrated with the first dive computers of the era from ORCA industries.
In 1997 Stan Kidd became one of the first network technicians to acquire the Cisco Certified Network Expert certification. Shortly thereafter, Savant was hired by a large telecom carrier and became the early iteration of the company it is today, functioning primarily as a network infrastructure consulting firm.
Over the years Savant has grown and taken on numerous new challenges as the technologies have changed and multiplied. Throughout our tenure we have always strived to provide our clients with services that enhanced and brought value to their businesses.


**IRISH ST. PATRICK'S DAY STYLE COMPLET OUTFIT **
Saint Patrick is Ireland's main patron and March 17 is the day that he is traditionally believed to have died. He is not a mythological saint. He left a written account in which he claims he was born in England and at the age of 16 was kidnapped by Irish pagan pirates. He lived six years as a slave until he managed to escape. Back, he became a priest, returned to the country in 432 and preached until the end of his life. A long life: the Book of Armagh, a 9th century manuscript, says that he died in 493, at the age of 120.
Among other adventures popularly attributed to him, Saint Patrick would be the reason that Ireland does not have snakes of any kind (and it does not). After fasting for 40 days on a mountain, he was attacked by one of them and simply cursed them, banishing them from the country. (The fossil record indicates that Ireland never had snakes, due to pure geographic isolation).
Another story of the saint, that much more plausible, is that he used shamrocks to explain to the Celtic pagans the concept of the Holy Trinity. That is the reason for the clovers as a symbol of the party, and also of the color green. Therefore, the four-leaf clovers, used as a popular symbol, would be useless for Saint Patrick. Traditionally, clovers were placed at the bottom of beer mugs and eaten at the end.
As for drinking, it was a party day, so it was always part of it. But the reason for being a particularly heavy drinking is because the day falls in the middle of the Lenten period, when everyone had to go hungry in respect of Jesus' martyrdom, and celebrations were forbidden. For St. Patrick's Day, the Catholic Church in Ireland made an exception. And the people were delighted.


Historic Egyptians cherished jewellery. From normal farmers to Pharaohs and Queens, just about every Egyptian, Males and ladies alike, wore make-up and jewelry being an expression of Egyptian society. In reality, most Egyptians thought that wearing jewelry could enable to safely carry them in the afterlife. That makes excellent perception when you concentrate on the remarkable treasures which were discovered in Tutankhamen's tomb and lots of additional in other royal tombs including pure Gold and Silver Cartouches and jewelry.
Someone's identify is sacred, it is a part in the soul that under no circumstances ceases to be. Names had been revered by historical Egyptians and another recognized civilization. To manifest a pharaoh's title in Egypt, a personalised Egyptian Cartouche was used.
In ancient Egypt, the title was of vital great importance to Egyptians who believed that survival from the title ensured that the individual would Are living for as long as the name was spoken. An individual can be ruined if his identify was obliterated and great efforts have been manufactured to safeguard it - as a result the protective magical rope ( The Cartouche amulet )
The personalized Egyptian Cartouche is surely an oval, magical rope which surrounded and protected The traditional Egyptian title of the King or Queen in historic Kemet ( Egypt correct identify )
The personalized Egyptian Cartouche was worn as protective talisman by each Guys and ladies residing or deceased The traditional Egyptians the Cartouche symbolized excellent luck and defense from evil.All words connected with royalty were being followed by the Fortunate desire-formula "may possibly he Are living, prosper and be in excellent health and fitness". These excellent needs were being proven in Cartouche hieroglyphs, expressed as the 'nfr'. The symbol was recognised in ancient Egypt since the 'shenu' intending to encircle. The Cartouche amulet would be engraved with hieroglyphic symbols to the identify of the operator or those of a pharaoh securing the proprietor with the royal patronage in the king. The title was coupled with a would like once and for all health and prosperity.
To purchase Tremendous high quality individualized Egyptian Cartouche in silver or gold press within the one-way links or go to our principal retail outlet in Zamalek. Island in Cairo.The Cartouche image get more info alone is a hieroglyph, known as a “shen”, that means 'to encircle.' The oval on the Cartouche symbolizes a rope, with the horizontal line getting wherever the rope is tied alongside one another at the bottom. The rope circle represented more info every little thing encircled with the Sunshine, signifying cartouche necklace the king's all-encompassing electric power.


Let’s go back in time. To almost the very beginning, when Adophe Sax invented the saxophone in 1846. This set of horns is from before the American Civil War. It took Mark Overton years to find them for his SaxQuest Museum in St. Louis. I had the great opportunity to return this family to its original grandeur.
Challenges abounded. Adolphe Sax saxophones are made from very thin brass that is incredibly brittle and difficult to work with. In fact, it was not uncommon for the factory to crack and patch horns during original manufacturing. Because the hinge tubes are made from rolled sheet stock, swedging requires the most careful adjustment to avoid splitting them. Pad cups are much more delicate than a modern or even vintage horn.
Not disturbing the intricate engraving on the bell while removing dents was really tough, but softening the typography was not an option. I had custom white leather pads made for each horn. And of course, each sax had over 150 years of oxidation that needed to vanish.
This remarkable, preserved family can be seen at the SaxQuest Museum. It’s definitely worth the visit.


Boston, MA. A once-thriving shovel factory in Massachusetts, which was instrumental in the California Gold Rush, the Civil War, and the creation of the Transcontinental Railroad, will keep its place in history thanks in part to an affordable housing and historical preservation project.
The Ames Shovel Works complex in North Easton, which at one time was slated to be demolished, is made up of 15 mostly vacant granite and wood buildings that were built from 1852 to 1928. Developed by Beacon Communities LLC, the new mixed-income community of 113 apartments will preserve the granite building exteriors and rooflines. Several buildings near the complex were designed by the prominent 19th century architect Henry Hobson Richardson, with landscapes designed by renowned landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted. The deal closed this month and construction is now underway. The project is expected to be completed by 2014.
“Ames shovels played a vital role in building our country,” said Josh Cohen, Beacon Communities’ development director. “Beacon Communities is honored to be involved in such an important project, which will not only preserve the rich history of this industrial village, but also rejuvenate downtown North Easton.”
Paul Bouton, a Nixon Peabody affordable housing partner who led Beacon Communities’ outside legal team in the deal, added, “This was a complex deal that leveraged a combination of Historic Rehabilitation Tax Credits and Low Income Housing Tax Credits (LIHTC), as well as financing from a variety of public and private sources, to preserve the industrial village’s historical significance. We are proud to be involved in this important deal which benefits the North Easton community.”
Nixon Peabody’s legal team also included partners Ruth Silman, Allen Lynch, and Forrest Milder, and associates Mahmood Firouzbakht and Dan Kolodner.


House of Konrad Adenauer
On the occasion of Konrad Adenauer’s 50th date of death, the permanent exhibition wasredesigned and re-opened on 19 April, 2019. “Konrad Adenauer 1878–1967. Rheinlander, German, European” covers five decades of German history using a multitude of documents and exhibits, film- and image sequences as well as multi-media stations. Information displaysexplain the historic context of each time period and let Adenauer express himself through quotes.
350 sqm Direct Print on Pre-painted MDF Boards
Direct Print onto Aluminium Compound Board
Print behind Acrylic Glass
Photos: Daniel Stauch
Design: Atelier Brückner
The proximity to Konrad Adenauer’s former home bestows the numerous original pieces in the exhibition with a special significance which was taken into account by our fitters while furnishing the permanent exhibition.
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House with a Story
Dr. John Whitehead, founder of the Whitehead-Stokes Sanatorium, in 1899 built four houses facing south in the 300 block of West Council Street in Salisbury, North Carolina. One of which is the house which was relocated to 120 North Jackson Street in 1986 ~ The John Whitehead House. These four homes are now a designated historic district, one of 10 historic districts in the City of Salisbury.
The Shaver Rental Houses National Historic District is the smallest district in Salisbury, as it includes only four properties, including three Queen Anne style homes on W. Council Street and the cottage at 120 N. Jackson Street. All are significant as representative examples of the type of rental housing built in Salisbury between 1899 and 1910 in response to the city’s tremendous growth. Each house represents a very specific time and aesthetic in Salisbury. The houses embody the distinctive architectural features characteristic of modest Queen Anne style houses of that period, exhibiting asymmetrical massing, steeply pitched hipped roofs with cross gables, one story wrap around porches and dominant front facing gables.
In 1923, the single-story Queen Anne Victorian home known as the John Whitehead House began to go through several changes in ownership. By 1986, the house was in dire straits and was scheduled for demolition in order for a neighboring church to expand its parking lot. In order to save the home, Historic Salisbury Foundation moved it to 120 North Jackson Street where it stands today ~ and is for sale via agent Greg Rapp with Wallace Realty (704.213.6846)
This move spared The John Whitehead House from demolition and helped stabilize 303-315 West Council Street, all of which still stands today. The brick piers and chimney had to be dismantled for the move and the house had to be re-situated on slightly higher piers because of the sloping lot at 120 N. Jackson Street. Other than these adjustments, no historic fabric was lost in the move, including the plaster over lath walls. In January 1988, the John Whitehead House was entered on the National Register of Historic Places in the Shaver Rental Houses Historic District.
Victorian Residential Architecture
A list of Queen Anne features can be deceptive. Queen Anne architecture does not adhere to an orderly list of characteristics—the Queen refuses to be easily classified. Bay windows, balconies, stained glass, turrets, porches, brackets, and an abundance of decorative details may combine in unexpected ways.
Also, Queen Anne details can be found on less pretentious houses. In American cities, smaller working-class homes were given patterned shingles, spindle work, extensive porches, and bay windows. Many turn-of-the-century houses are in fact hybrids, combining Queen Anne motifs with features from earlier and later fashions.
The John Whitehead House is listed with the National Register of Historic Places. Typical of a simple, yet well-finished one-story, Queen Anne Style cottage, 120 N Jackson Street has kept much of its original integrity. It boasts a cross gabled roof and full width porch with turned posts and baluster as well as spindlework frieze.
The home, in its wonderful central downtown location, served as the offices for Historic Salisbury Foundation for several years before the agency purchased and renovated the historic Salisbury Depot where its office reside today. 120 N. Jackson Street has been more recently used as law offices; its kitchenette and six spacious rooms made the home a perfect office setting. Yet,with minimal remodeling, The John Whitehead House can be reestablished as a residential home (it will need a full-bath installed ~ it has one half-bath currently).
Inside, 120 N. Jackson Street is handsomely detailed with molded door and window framed and reeded wainscoting throughout. The mantels are simple but boldly detailed with a variety of molding patterns and bulls-eye ornaments. Solid four-panel doors have delicate brass hardware.
The large center hall, nearly 40 feet long by 8 feet wide, is a room unto itself, handsomely separating the front and rear portions of the home by an opening fitted with glazed French doors and a handsome spindlework lunette. It opens to the front and rear of the house. The original door with tall arched lights remains at the rear entrance but the front door was replaced in an earlier remodeling, from what might have been a simple door and window surround, characteristic of Queen Anne houses, with elaborated pediments.
This historic home looks small from the exterior, but once you step inside you'll see how spacious 2140 square feet, 3 bedrooms and 1 half-bath can be... including the adorable cubby kitchen or kitchenette ~ with its arched entry and efficient use of tiny space including built-in china cabinet and cream-colored cabinetry. And, with the sink nice and close to the stove, you don't have to haul meal preparations very far! How nice to have the sink near the window with a nice view into the small back yard.
You will love the large bay window nook in the front parlor. A similar nook can be found in the historic Stokes-Snider House, originally home to Dr. J. Ernest Stokes, one of the South’s eminent surgeons, and partner with Dr. John Whitehead, who together championed the Whitehead-Stokes Sanitorium, which grew over the years to a 60-bed hospital at the corner of North Fulton and Liberty streets. The Stokes-Snider House at 324 N. Fulton, sold by Greg Rapp, is now gloriously restored to a bed & breakfast called 'Across The Pond'. Stories passed down through time tell us that Dr. Snider's wife would sit in the 'nook' and watch for patients coming up the path!
This beautifully preserved Queen Anne can be your next home, a live-work potential right in thriving downtown Salisbury, or can be purely a home for your business. Let Greg Rapp know your vision...and make an appointment to see this piece of North Carolina history...and make it your own! (704) 213-6846.
120 N. Jackson Street
Salisbury NC 28144
Wallace Realty Co.
704 213 6846 Mobile
704 636 2021 Office


Wormingford Trail – in memory of Bob Cathmoir
Bob was a Past President of Colchester Harriers and one of the founders of Trail running in North Essex. Bob was active for many years, and was with George Bennington when George died whilst taking part in a trail race. Bob never recovered and became an infrequent visitor to the Club. Bob and Jackie were close friends right up until his death, and frequently cycled throughout the lanes of North Essex.


People on the Move
Nevada 150 Foundation Names Scott Carey Events and Community Relations Manager
11:04 AM, Jul. 16, 2013
Reno, NEV. – The Nevada 150 Planning Committee has named Scott Carey the events and community relations manager of Nevada’s Sesquicentennial celebration. The yearlong celebration is set to launch on October 31, 2013 (Nevada Day) culminating on October 31, 2014.
Carey joins the committee with over 12 years of experience in economic development and tourism experience, working within the state, county, city and tribal levels of government throughout Nevada. During Carey’s most recent position as tribal planner of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, he developed award-winning tourism program and economic development plans that created record revenue for the Tribe.
In 2005, he served on the Sparks Centennial Commission for the city’s 100th birthday, where he was appointed by former Sparks Mayor Tony Armstrong. Carey continues to support his hometown and preserve its history as a member of the Board of Trustees for the Sparks Heritage Museum.
“I am truly honored to serve my State and be a part of the Nevada 150 celebration. Our goal is to have as many people and events as possible to be a part of this unique celebration throughout Nevada,” said Carey.
Carey will oversee the calendar of events for the Nevada Sesquicentennial celebration, and conduct outreach throughout Nevada communities to get people involved in the celebration.
Throughout the year, Nevadans and tourists will be encouraged to celebrate and participate in more than 150 events, share the state’s heritage through cultural and arts programs and engage in initiatives and activities that make the state of Nevada unique.
For more information about NV 150 visit www.nevada150.org.


What Was Here or History Pin and make history come alive for your students.
MPR ran an interesting story recently about the burning of Swede Hollow. When it originally aired it contained a reference to What Was Here , but that part was pulled from the online article (probably because there are not actually any historical photos posted in the Swede Hollow area yet.) Can you place this photo in the right spot in Swede Hollow?
You can even make your own history archive! Why not create your school's own Dear Photograph project?
And remember that while being there is certainly powerful, you do not need to visit every historical place to place a photo there. Pull it up on Google Maps Street View and pose in front with your photo!


2021 marks the 20th anniversary of Riverdale Mediation! It was 20 years ago that Riverdale Mediation got its start in, naturally, Toronto’s Riverdale neighbourhood, in a shared office on the Danforth. And in honour of this occasion, we have updated our About us
page to include a literal history, accompanied by archival collages and photos. Check it out!


The present-day Kashmir derived its name from Kashyapamar, named after Rishi Kashyapa. Rajtarangini records the name of kingdoms there for 34 generations, dating that too close to about four thousand years. Study and the deeper study was the fabric of society there. A large number of pandits were engrossed there in pursuit of knowledge.
Muslims first came there around 1300 AD.process of depressing Hindus, the original descendants of the land, started thereafter.
“Great Calcutta Killing of 16 Aug 1946” organized by a provincial prime(chief) minister Sohrabuddin of Undivided Bengal did create panic among the congress leaders. Instead of strict action against the Muslim League and Sohrabuddin, they succumbed to their threat and agreed to part with Mother India into three pieces and give up two pieces to Muslims to turn the secular land into Islamic land.
Relentless the Muslims are using any kind of devilish acts to kill and drive away the Hindus. Women are the victims of horror rape and abduction. The peak of killing, burning, and driving out the Hindus reached in the 1990s when killed and were given out. Unfortunately, Indian Media has a peculiar pattern of censoring the news of atrocities, deaths, and horrors on Hindus. So hardly any Hindus know the fate of Hindus in Kashmir only after traffic distribution of social media the people came to know some info only on a solitary basis. So the object of the Kashmir Files appears to be to depict horrors that came down on the lives of Hindu inhabitants of Kashmir as it was on a clean bare etching as it happen to the Hindus


Friday, March 16, 2007
TONIGHT: Throwing Muse's Kristen Hersh
Throwing Muses were one of the bigger names in the American College Rock scene of the 1980s and 1990s. A "girl band" (well, in the beginning) and a great band period, they were the first American band to be signed to the prestigious Brit label 4AD in 1986. They disbanded in 1996, a couple of years after Tanya Donnelly of the Breeders, then Belly, left TM duet to creative differences. Kristen Hersh started a solo career and has produced some little indie folk-pop gems. I never thought Belly quite compared (although the Breeders definitely had their moment in the sun!). I believe there are still some tickets left for this one at the Nouveau Casino tonight. A good way to decompress for TGIF...dude.--jh
More Muses video links here and here.


In historical Scandinavian modern culture, there were many symbols linked to marriage. Beyond the ring, the bride would be involved in a hustrulinet. A hustrulinet symbolizes a married girl. In some ethnicities, the bridegroom would break into the burial plot of the ancestor and retrieve a sword, which usually symbolized fresh life. The groom might also visit the bathhouse, be a part of similar rituals and dress for the wedding ceremony. A hustrulinet, which was worn by the bride, was obviously a symbol of her sexuality.
The first routine of matrimony was the brud-hlaup, which means woman. Traditionally, the bride’s family members would definitely race to the celebration internet site, the last kinds to arrive serving the beverages for the rest of the party. The brud-hlaup also scratches the changeover from a woman’s childhood with an adult. This slapped tradition also demonstrates a man’s loyalty to his wife.
In old Scandinavia, the bride was sequestered before the ceremony and accompanied by feminine attendants including her mother and other betrothed women (the gydja). The bride could then end up being stripped of all the status emblems associated with as a maiden. The kransen was worn by gentle women of the time. It was worn relating to the hair as being a symbol of virginity. This custom made is still followed in some Nordic countries.
The Vikings also had a traditional ritual that involves a handfasting. The handfasting commemoration was significant for the Vikings, and it still holds symbolic relevance. The star of the event would in that case step in the threshold to become a wife. A handkerchief or knitted shawl was used by the bride. The bride’s parents would conduct rituals to appease male fertility gods. The marriage wedding ceremony was forwent by premarital rituals, which would start out with the brud-hlaup.
The wedding wedding ceremony was a major ritual intended for the Vikings. Brud-hlaup means “bride’s race”. From this ritual, the groups of the groom and bride contest from the wedding site towards the celebration web page. Those who reach the final destination first are the winners. During this period, mead as well signified https://tigrejerry.midhaz.com/2020/10/30/snail-mail-order-wedding-brides-pricing/ union. In addition to the kransen, a bride’s overhead was the bride’s crown.
Until the present, Scandinavian customs has stressed marriage as a sort of alliance and peace. In Norse ethnicities, marriage was often a almost holy ceremony that involved the exchange of worthwhile property, including a bride’s ancient blade. In some areas, this ritual included the exchange of marriage rings and vows, that have been sworn simply by her father and mother. In Norwegian, the brides’ swords and wedding jewelry were also employed as signs of the union.
During the Viking Age, the bride was placed in pickup bed by woman attendants before the groom got here, where this girl was covered in goldgubber. The goldgubber, depicting both of them embracing figures, was https://bridewoman.org/scandinavian/norwegian-brides/ often used being a decorative adornment on the bride’s nightclothes. It had been also believed that the horns were a symbol of fertility. The wedding ceremony was as well accompanied by a contest between the woman and the groom.


The Rule of Saint Benedict (Regula Benedicti) is a book of precepts written by St. Benedict of Nursia (c.480–547) for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot. The spirit of St. Benedict’s Rule is summed up in the motto of the Benedictine Confederation: pax (“peace”) and the traditional ora et labora (“pray and work”).
Compared to other precepts, the Rule provides a moderate path between individual zeal and formulaic institutionalism; because of this middle ground it has been widely popular. Benedict’s concerns were the needs of monks in a community environment: namely, to establish due order, to foster an understanding of the relational nature of human beings, and to provide a spiritual father to support and strengthen the individual’s ascetic effort and the spiritual growth that is required for the fulfillment of the human vocation, theosis.
The Rule of Saint Benedict has been used by Benedictines for fifteen centuries, and thus St. Benedict is sometimes regarded as the founder of Western monasticism. There is, however, no evidence to suggest that Benedict intended to found a religious order in the modern sense and it was not until the later Middle Ages that mention was made of an “Order of Saint Benedict”. His Rule is written as a guide for individual, autonomous communities, and to this day all Benedictine Houses (and the Congregations in which they have grouped themselves) remain self-governing. Advantages seen in retaining this unique Benedictine emphasis on autonomy include cultivating models of tightly bonded communities and contemplative lifestyles. Perceived disadvantages comprise geographical isolation from important activities in adjacent communities. Other perceived losses include inefficiency and lack of mobility in the service of others, and insufficient appeal to potential members. These different emphases emerged within the framework of the Rule in the course of history and are to some extent present within the Benedictine Confederation and the Cistercian Orders of the Common and the Strict Observance.
An 8th-century copy of the Rule of St. Benedict
Christian monasticism first appeared in the Eastern Roman Empire a few generations before Benedict of Nursia, in the Egyptian desert. Under the great inspiration of Saint Anthony the Great (251-356), ascetic monks led by Saint Pachomius (286-346) formed the first Christian monastic communities under what became known as an Abbot, from the Aramaic abba (father).
Within a generation, both solitary and communal monasticism became very popular and spread outside of Egypt, first to Palestine and the Judean Desert and thence to Syria and North Africa. Saint Basil of Caesarea codified the precepts for these eastern monasteries in his Ascetic Rule, or Ascetica, which is still used today in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
In the West in about the year 500, Benedict became so upset by the immorality of society in Rome that he gave up his studies there and chose the life of an ascetic monk in the pursuit of personal holiness, living as a hermit in a cave near the rugged region of Subiaco. In time, setting an example with his zeal, he began to attract disciples. After considerable initial struggles with his first community at Subiaco, he eventually founded the monastery of Monte Cassino in 529, where he wrote his Rule near the end of his life.
In chapter 73, St Benedict commends the Rule of St Basil and alludes to further authorities. He was probably aware of the Rule written by Pachomius (or attributed to him); and his Rule also shows influence by the Rule of St Augustine of Hippo and the writings of Saint John Cassian. Benedict’s greatest debt, however, may be to the anonymous document known as the Rule of the Master, which Benedict seems to have radically excised, expanded, revised and corrected in the light of his own considerable experience and insight.
Charlemagne had Benedict’s rule copied and distributed to encourage monks throughout western Europe to follow it as a standard. Beyond its religious influences, the Rule of St Benedict was one of the most important written works to shape medieval Europe, embodying the ideas of a written constitution and the rule of law. It also incorporated a degree of democracy in a non-democratic society, and dignified manual labor.
Outline of the Benedictine life
Ora et Labora (Pray and Work). This 1862 painting by John Rogers Herbert depicts monks at work in the fields with an abbey (the Trappist Mount St. Bernard Abbey) in the background. St Benedict’s model for the monastic life was the family, with the abbot as father and all the monks as brothers. Priesthood was not initially an important part of Benedictine monasticism – monks used the services of their local priest. Because of this, almost all the Rule is applicable to communities of women under the authority of an abbess.
St Benedict’s Rule organises the monastic day into regular periods of communal and private prayer, sleep, spiritual reading, and manual labour – ut in omnibus glorificetur Deus, “that in all [things] God may be glorified” (cf. Rule ch. 57.9). In later centuries, intellectual work and teaching took the place of farming, crafts, or other forms of manual labour for many – if not most – Benedictines.
Traditionally, the daily life of the Benedictine revolved around the eight canonical hours. The monastic timetable or Horarium would begin at midnight with the service, or “office”, of Matins (today also called the Office of Readings), followed by the morning office of Lauds at 3am. Before the advent of wax candles in the 14th century, this office was said in the dark or with minimal lighting; and monks were expected to memorise everything. These services could be very long, sometimes lasting till dawn, but usually consisted of a chant, three antiphons, three psalms, and three lessons, along with celebrations of any local saints’ days. Afterwards the monks would retire for a few hours of sleep and then rise at 6am to wash and attend the office of Prime. They then gathered in Chapter to receive instructions for the day and to attend to any judicial business. Then came private Mass or spiritual reading or work until 9am when the office of Terce was said, and then High Mass. At noon came the office of Sext and the midday meal. After a brief period of communal recreation, the monk could retire to rest until the office of None at 3pm. This was followed by farming and housekeeping work until after twilight, the evening prayer of Vespers at 6pm, then the night prayer of Compline at 9pm, and off to blessed bed before beginning the cycle again. In modern times, this timetable is often changed to accommodate any apostolate outside the monastic enclosure (e.g. the running of a school or parish).
Many Benedictine Houses have a number of Oblates (secular) who are affiliated with them in prayer, having made a formal private promise (usually renewed annually) to follow the Rule of St Benedict in their private life as closely as their individual circumstances and prior commitments permit.
In recent years discussions have occasionally been held concerning the applicability of the principles and spirit of the Rule of St Benedict to the secular working environment.
During the more than 1500 years of their existence, the Benedictines have not been immune to periods of laxity and decline, often following periods of greater prosperity and an attendant relaxing of discipline. In such times, dynamic Benedictines have often led reform movements to return to a stricter observance of both the letter and spirit of the Rule of St Benedict, at least as they understood it. Examples include the Camaldolese, the Cistercians, the Trappists (a reform of the Cistercians), and the Sylvestrines.
Text taken from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, (Redirected from The rule of st. benedict) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_Saint_Benedict


The two principal research topics which I currently working on are the manufacturing methodology of medieval bread and the use of meat within the court of King Henry VIII. Work within the Kitchens as well as work on these principal topics also throws up other research avenues that I’ll eventually find an 8th or 9th day in a week to follow up on.
Currently most of the conference presentations I have given can be found on Academia.edu or click on the links below to read them here.
Presentations and papers include:
International Medieval Congress, Leeds (2016): Wastel, Cocket and Treyt: Some experimental investigations into the manufacturing methodology of certain medieval breads.
Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery (2015): Dinner Isn’t Served! : The use of historic cookery as a method of interacting with visitors to Hampton Court Palace. in McWilliams M. ed. Food and Communication: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 2015, pp 185-192, Prospect Books, July 2016
9th Experimental Archaeology Conference, UCD Dublin (2015): Half Baked: can the experimental process help us towards a reconstruction of medieval bread?
82nd Anglo-American Conference of Historians Food in History (2013): “Our Ech Day Bread” : Reconstructing Medieval Bread.
International Medieval Congress, Leeds (2011): Experiments, education and entertainment: the opportunities and problems with historical cookery demonstrations at historic sites.
Langford Food industry Conference (2010): Meat and status. An historical look at meat in the English diet.
Proceedings of the 2002 ALHFAM Annual Meeting, People and Place, Making Connections, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Volume XXV 2003, pp44 – 48: Connections: Forethought in Interpretation. R. Fitch, R. Hoare, J. M. Meltonville and R. Mitchener


machine gun rental SecretsAbsolutely. Although the clientele has broadened some recently a lot more wide range than in past many years. Been going for around 15 several years Each individual ordinary person, at times, should be tempted to spit on his fingers, hoist the black flag, and start slitting throats.
The .fifty BMG M2 Browning is certainly the largest and funnest machine gun to shoot at OX Searching Ranch, unfortunately our prices also are about 5x increased then any other gun!
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Loading systems in early handbook machine guns ended up usually from a hopper of unfastened (un-connected) cartridges. Guide-operated volley guns generally needed to be reloaded manually suddenly (Every single barrel reloaded by hand, or using a set of cartridges affixed to a plate which was inserted to the weapon).
With regards towards the sky carved status in the AK-47, Reliability has always been the waving flag of your masterpiece versus precision resulting from its impressive ability to fire equally as powerful as it’s intended produced functionality regardless of whether it were dragged via mud, dipped in drinking water or ice and snow.
This was a repeating cannon fed by a hopper which fired its rates sequentially.[six] Yet another repeating gun was made by a Chinese commmoner in the late seventeenth century. This weapon was also hopper-fed and by no means went into mass generation.
The HK33 was made via the German corporation Heckler und Koch in the mid-to-late 1960s as being a scaled-down version in their G3 struggle rifle, and entered creation in 1968. The HK33 was developed for the then-new cartridge, 5.56x45mm (.223 Remington), and while it had not been adopted from the German armed forces, it saw important use by some West German law enforcement and protection models, and in addition broadly exported, and utilized by Malaysia, Chile and Thailand armed forces.
Some resources also described that IMI made a variant read more of Micro-UZI with a charging deal with Situated on the still left facet of your receiver and picatinny-design and style rails on the top and bottom on the receiver.
Loading the subsequent spherical into the firing chamber. Usually the recoil spring (also called principal spring) stress pushes bolt back again into battery in addition to a cam strips the new spherical from a feeding unit, belt or box.
The Heckler and Koch G-36 assault rifle was born as being the HK-50 job in early 1990s. The rationale guiding that venture check here was which the Bundeswehr (the German army), following the cancellation from the G11 and G41 jobs, was still left with an out-of-date G3 rifle and no modern rifle suitable with the current NATO criteria at fingers. So, the famed firm Heckler & Koch set out to develop a brand new assault rifle for the both of those German Military and for export. The new rifle was a versatile, economical and very reputable design. Plainly HK succeeded in each regard with the G36. The new five.56mm assault rifle was adopted with the Bundeswehr in 1995, As well as in 999 the Spanish adopted the slightly diverse export Variation, the G36E, as its regular infantry rifle.
We offer lots of lessons. From fundamental pistol, rifle, & shotgun to rookie archery, our instructors will instruct safety, fundamentals, and proficiency. We cater to all knowledge degrees; our goal is to help Each individual pupil in attaining their supreme opportunity within the shooting sports activities.
Good collection of dirt included things in the open up air gun demonstrate. Gun shop with typical gun store pricing. Folks watching Just about nearly as good as the firing line.
Machine guns ended up mounted in plane for The very first time in Planet War I. Right away this raised a problem. The most effective position for guns in only one-seater fighter was Evidently, for the objective of aiming, right in front of the pilot; but this placement would clearly result in bullets putting the shifting propeller. Early options, aside from simply hoping that luck was over the pilot's facet using an unsychronized forward-firing gun, involved either plane with pusher props similar to the Vickers File.B.5, Royal Aircraft Manufacturing unit File.E.two and Airco DH.2, wing mounts like that from the Nieuport 10 and Nieuport eleven which prevented the propeller totally, or armored propeller blades including These mounted on the Morane-Saulnier L which might allow the propeller to deflect unsynchronized gunfire.


Pineapples | The Symbol of Hospitality
As some of you may know (and many of you may not know), the pineapple is the symbol of hospitality. Really! There is a whole story and history behind why the pineapple is considered a symbol of hospitality, and it really is such a fun story!
Here’s how the story goes:
The first recorded encounter with pineapples dates back to 1493, when Christopher Columbus was on his second voyage to explore the Caribbean. While there, some of his crew discovered a myriad of different and unique fruits and vegetables. One in particular with an abrasive exterior similar to a pinecone but the interior texture of an apple. They wanted to share this new fruit with their friends and family back in Europe. When they returned, the pineapple became a huge hit amongst the royal family.
Throughout the years, European farmers did all they could to create an environment conducive to harvesting pineapples. It took almost two hundred years before gardeners were able to create a perfect hothouse environment that would allow the growth of the tropical fruit. The complexity of growing pineapples is what created the idea that they were a symbol of royal privilege. King Charles II of England even posed for a portrait in which he received a pineapple as a status symbol.
With the availability of pineapples sparse, the tradition says that if you were attending an event, and the host had a pineapple to offer their guests, you knew that they had pulled out all the stops to create a beautiful event. Additionally, if you were offered a meal that included a pineapple-topped dish, it was considered an honor. In this manner, the pineapple became the symbol of hospitality and gracious hosting.
While pineapples are much more accessible these days, I love the idea that they are a symbol of a generous hospitality and selfless hosting. After all this talk of these delicious fruits, I think I may have to go find some to snack on!


GM High-Tech Performance Blogs
With GM closing the doors on the Pontiac brand Heacock Classic put a Top 10 list together of the Top 10 Pontiac Collectibles From The Past 50 Years. I would like to hear your opinion if this list was accurate. If it's not what should be taken out or added or any other comments you might have.
1. 1962-1963 Catalina 421 SD
Designed only for racing, these purpose-built drag racers were the creation of Pontiac General Manager John Delorean to give Pontiac supremacy at NHRA and NASCAR events throughout the country. Although rated at 363-405 hp, these Holy Grails of collectible Pontiacs were said to put out 500 horsepower, easily. They sold new for about $6000, but they're worth over $100,000 each today.
2. 1969 Trans Am
Only 697 1969 Trans Ams were ever produced, all featured the Pontiac Ram Air III or Ram Air IV engine. Today, these first year Trans Ams are highly sought after by collectors.
3. 1969 Judge
At the same time the Trans Am was introduced as the ultimate Firebird, the Judge was introduced as the ultimate GTO. The first 500 produced were all painted Carousel Red (a bright shade of orange), and came with large rear spoilers, and bright-colored decals. Like its cousin the Trans Am, the 1969 Judge could be had with the Ram Air III or Ram Air IV engine.
4. 1973-1974 Trans Am and Formula Super Duty
Pontiac planned on putting its famous 455 Super Duty engine in the GTO, Grand Prix and Firebird models, but only the Firebird Formula and Trans Am got the high-horsepower engine. Production of these SD cars was very limited, and they are extremely collectible.
5. 1965-1967 GTO
Although the 1964 GTO is the first year of the body style, collectors prefer the stacked-headlight look of the '65-'67 over the first year model. Best examples are factory Tri-Power 389s ('65 and '66 only) or 400s (1967 only) mated to a four-speed manual transmission.
6. 1970-1972 Trans Am
The Second Generation Trans Am set the standard for the muscle car wars in 1970. It featured high horsepower, a great ride, and stunning looks. The 1970 1/2 Trans Am is a popular favorite because it is easy to find in the collector's marketplace, and featured either a Ram Air III or Ram Air IV engine. The 1971 and 1972 models are more rare, being produced in lower quantities, and both years came with the Pontiac 455 HO engine.
7. 1961 Catalina or Ventura
Many hobbyists consider the 1961 Pontiac coupe is considered as the prettiest Pontiac ever made. Both the Catalina and its fancier-trim cousin, the Ventura, are perfect examples of the era. Both have the one-year only bubble-top design that make them so beautiful. The best examples come with Tri Power 389s and four-speed manual trans.
8. 1977-1981 Trans Am Black and Gold Special Editions
Made famous by Burt Reynolds in "Smokey and the Bandit," the T/A SE, as it was known, was produced in large quantities throughout the late 1970s and early 1980s. They have recently gained popularity among hobbyists, not so much for their horsepower, but more for great looks and connection to the movie.
9. 1998-2002 Trans Am WS6
Don't let these recent-memory Trans Ams fool you. They're sure to be the next big collectible in the Pontiac family, and there are plenty available in today's market at great pricing. They offer stunning looks, great style, incredible performance, and the convenience of modern engineering.
10. 2004-2006 GTO
These Australian-bred GTOs are full of power, and sure to be skyrocketing in price in twenty years. Now's the time to pick up a low-mile example and put it away. The 2005-2006 models are especially popular among hobbyists for their higher-horsepower LS2 engine.


The General Synod Archives, under Canon V acquires, preserves and provides access to the permanent records of the General Synod and its related Anglican entities. We also work in consultation with the Anglican Diocesan Archives across Canada.
General Synod Archives
While preserving the record of our significant past, the archives seek to serve future generations…
“The Archives of the Anglican Church of Canada is the reservoir of our corporate memory.” – Michael G. Peers, Archbishop and Primate, 1986-2004
Archival Record Holdings


Morgan Library Private Tour
Magnificent Gems: Medieval Treasure Bindings
The Atelier at Flowerfield enjoyed a private tour of The Morgan Library's exhibition, Magnificent Gems: Medieval Treasure Bindings, on Saturday, December 9th. The tour was given by William Voelke, Senior Research Curator at the Morgan Library.
"On Saturday, December 9th, a brave group of passionate art and literature enthusiasts battled the snow and elements to be taken on a guided tour of The Morgan Library & Museum in Manhattan by Senior Curator of Medieval Works, William Voelkle. Mr. Voelkle is retiring at the end of the year after 50 years of service, and we were indeed lucky to have his incredible encyclopedic knowledge and univided attention for several hours on this tour of the magnificent treasures and incredible art of the Morgan Library.
Mr. Voelkle first took us through his final exhibit for the Morgan:
"I was delighted to attend the Atelier’s tour of the Morgan Library with Senior Curator William Voelkle. It was a rare chance to get an inside view of many details of both the collection and the Charles Follen McKim masterpiece which is the original library building. I was especially interested to hear certain details about some of the intricately carved Circassian Walnut doors, and the decision to remove two of them, as they ended up at my family’s estate; Box Hill. I can only hope to participate in future fascinating events like this with The Atelier."
"As Atelier guests, we received both the VIP treatment and the insiders tour at the Pierpont Morgan Library. William Voelke, who curated this exhibition, Magnificent Gems, as our personal guide. Each piece in the exhibition was explained from an historical, artistic and gemstone perspective. And he kept it light with anecdotal stories. We were shown hidden staircases and the encoded telegraph his nephew sent him regarding purchase of a manuscript. On a dismal grey day this little gem of a museum dazzled us with her gems. Thank you, Kevin, and the Atelier, everything you do surpasses our expectations."


The national parent-child reading event is held in Beijing on April 18. [China Women's News/Yang Rui]
A national parent-child reading event, themed with "reviewing the century-old glorious history and passing down the revolutionary legacy," was held by the All-China Women's Federation (ACWF) on April 18 in Beijing's Fengtai District in the run-up to the 26th World Book Day which will fall on April 23.
Shen Yueyue, President of the ACWF, and Huang Xiaowei, Secretary of the Leading Party Members' Group and Vice-President and First Member of the Secretariat of the ACWF, presented books on the theme of revolutionary history to family representatives and conferred flags on representatives of women volunteers' teams of parent-child reading.
Shen Yueyue (C), President of the All-China Women's Federation, communicates with children at the event. [China Women's News/Yang Rui]
Flags are conferred on representatives of women volunteers' teams of parent-child reading at the event. [China Women's News/Yang Rui]
During the event, over 100 kinds of books on the theme of revolutionary history were recommended to the participating families. Some classic poems and excerpts from books on the theme of revolutionary history were recited at the event.
The event was held in tandem with others occurring in cities and places renowned for rich revolutionary heritage, including Shanghai where the first CPC National Congress was held in 1921, and the Jinggang Mountains, known as the "cradle of the Chinese revolution," in East China's Jiangxi Province.
The ACWF called on women's federations at all levels around the country to closely integrate the parent-child reading activity with their services to the people, give play to the role of parent-child reading bases and women volunteers, and provide parent-child reading guidance for families in urban and rural communities.
Over 100 kinds of books on CPC revolutionary history are recommended to the participating families at the event. [China Women's News/Yang Rui]
After the event, Shen visited the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance against Japanese Aggression with the children and their parents.
Shen stressed promoting the great spirit of resisting aggression bred during the war, reflecting on the past, recalling the revolutionary martyrs, cherishing peace and creating the future, as well as working tirelessly to build China into a great modern socialist country and realizing the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
This year's national parent-child reading event, which focuses on study and education related to the history of the CPC, is a good opportunity for celebrating the Party's centenary. The event will recommend 100 books suitable for parent-child reading, publicize the stories of 100 people's heroes, release 100 short videos and promote 100 activity cases to guide families to study and carry forward traditions from revolutionary times.
The national parent-child reading activity, initiated by the ACWF in 2016, has been recognized by all walks of life and families, and plays an active role in spreading the concept of scientific family education, cultivating children's good reading habits, establishing a new style of family civilization, and developing and applying core socialist values.
Cai Shumin, Vice-President and Member of the Secretariat of the ACWF also attended the event.
(Source: China Women's News/Translated and edited by Women of China)
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50th Anniversary Celebration
50 Years of Family Growing, Supporting and Thriving Together
Fifty years ago, in response to the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a new legacy was born at MIT, Project Interphase. On October 11-12, 2019, alumni, current students, faculty, staff, administrators, friends and family gathered to celebrate the 50 th Anniversary of the program now known to all as Interphase EDGE (Empowering Discovery | Gateway to Excellence). The Office of Minority Education, which coordinates the program, welcomed back Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson SB ’68, PhD ‘73, President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and one of the leaders behind the original idea for the program as well as several members of the Project Interphase inaugural cohort, including renowned physicist, Dr. Sylvester ‘Jim” Gates SB’ 73, PhD ‘77. The celebration weekend included a day-long conference on Friday (held at Microsoft ), a tour of the MIT campus, and a gala, with many opportunities for alumni to learn more about how their beloved Interphase had evolved over the years.
On Saturday evening, approximately 300 guests gathered at the Boston Marriott Long Wharf for the Interphase 50 th Anniversary Gala which included an awards ceremony to recognize the outstanding contributions and achievements of those closely connected to the Interphase community. Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson and Dr. Paul Gray SB ’54, ScD ‘60 (posthumously) were recognized individually with the inaugural Interphase Legacy Award for their advocacy for students of color at MIT and the great legacy they left behind in creating the Interphase program. Mrs. Pricilla King Gray accepted the award on behalf of her late husband and spoke to the crowd about Dr. Gray’s deep commitment to equity and inclusion. Professor Wesley L. Harris (Course 16), Jennifer Madiedo ’19, Northrop Grumman Corporation, and the Black Alumni/ae of MIT (BAMIT) were recognized with the Dr. Paul Gray Award for Excellence, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. Professor Kristala L. Jones Prather ’90 (Course 10) and California Secretary of State Alex Padilla ’90, both former Interphasers, received the inaugural Dr. Shirley Ann Jackson Trailblazer Award for achievements in their respective fields as well as their leadership both within and beyond the Interphase community. The evening was capped by dinner and dancing as attendees celebrated Interphase’s 50 years of growing, supporting, and thriving at MIT.


Facts & figures of our Brussels office
Martine Jacques, senior secretary in Brussels: “The Cathedral of Saint Michael and Saint Gudula stands at the crossroads of two important very old roads, linking what is nowadays Flanders and Wallonia. It’s one of the oldest constructions in the city centre. Since the Middle-Ages, as early as the 9th century, this site has been a place of prayer.
The first stone of the current Gothic building was laid in 1226. But it took another 250 years before it was completed. This explains why the building has such a rich variety of Gothic elements. During the centuries after that, a succession of major renovations and restorations have taken place.
Between 1930 and 1950, the Brussels authorities decided to build a large underground railway connection in the area of the Cathedral. They took advantage of the works to demolish several streets and hundreds of buildings in the historical centre of Brussels. Luckily, the Cathedral was preserved.”
Martine continues: “Around 2000, the building underwent a large restoration with all respect for the historical authenticity of the medieval construction. The Cathedral of Saint Michael and Saint Gudula has now been restored to its former splendour. It’s a pure Gothic monument, with Renaissance, Baroque, Classical and Modern elements. And last but not least, behind the Cathedral one can still see a very well preserved part of the first fortification of Brussels, that protected the Cathedral and the city in the Middle-Ages. Both are treasures in the city of Brussels!
Our office building is located in the Royal Quarter, next to the Parc Royal and the Cathedral of Saint Michael and Saint Gudula. Koloniënstraat also leads into the famous Wetstraat with its numerous EU office buildings. Public transport is conveniently close, with the central railway station and metro as well as taxi stands within walking distance.
The building was completely renovated and extended in 1995. The central part of the building includes an atrium of 10 x 10 metres starting from the second floor. The atrium reaches the sixth floor and is closed off by a glass dome roof. On the ground floor, there are commercial spaces. There are eight office floors and five underground parking levels. AKD rents 1103 square meters in the building.


There's a great deal of confusion over when the first Thanksgiving actually took place and what exactly the pilgrims were so thankful for. Some scholars believe that they had achieved victory in a war with neighboring Indian tribes, while others think it was as innocent as celebrating a great harvest.
Regardless, the first government-sanctioned Thanksgiving didn't actually take place until 1863. It was President Abraham Lincoln who declared it a national holiday to help bring people back together after the Civil War. While the concept was nothing new, it was the first time it was given an official date.


The 16th century in Europe was marked by the intellectual activist movement of the Protestant Reformation.
Do you consider having had participated in the context of the Reformation? What may have been the seriexological and groupkarmic implications?
During the course Protestant Reformation: Dogmatic Activism, instructors André Silva and Lygia Decker will share their self-research on the historical context of the reformation, key personalities of the period, predominant holothosenes and also a practical self-assessment activity.
This online course will take place on Saturday, October 22, 2022, from 7:30 p.m. to 10:30 p.m. (CET), with simultaneous interpretation into English and Spanish.
Join us! Information and registration
Profs.: André Silva & Lygia Decker


The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest of the Ancient Wonders of the World and the last one that remains largely intact. Enjoy more pyramid facts or learn about the Ancient Egyptian pyramids.
The patent number of the telephone is 174465.
The first MTV video was "Video Killed the Radio Star" by the Buggles.
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I originally submitted this and it was published on the website Soap Opera University. I just discovered they’ve closed down. Although I’m sorry they’re gone, they did inspire this post and a few others you’ll see rebuilt here over the next year or so. Enjoy!
At 72 years, Guiding Light was the longest running soap opera ever. It is highly unlikely that its record will ever be broken. This introduction will focus mainly on its TV run which began in 1952. Originally The Guiding Light was a literal light, a friendship lamp which Rev. John Ruthledge kept burning in his window, welcoming lost souls to seek his counsel.
Rev. Ruthledge’s sermons served show creator Irna Phillips as a soap box for political, moral, and religious issues of the day. Go to the link below for links to a detailed recreation of what the soap was like in these early days and links to some representative sermons from Rev. Ruthledge.
The show’s first star crossed lovers were in Rev. Ruthledge’s family. His daughter Mary Ruthledge fell in love with her adopted brother Ned Holden. The Ruthledges and their friends and relations kept the show in story for many years, but Phillips brought in a new focus when she introduced a new core family in 1948. This new family was the Bauers, a family of German immigrants. Viewers watched the family go from struggling immigrants to the leaders of the community. The two most important Bauers were Papa Bauer and his daughter-in-law Bert Bauer who in turn served as embodiments of the Guiding Light for their families and the community at large. This was especially shown in the annual Bauer BBQ held each year on the Fourth of July and attended by the entire town. The Bauers were occasionally sidelined, but they remain a focus of the show until its end. For a detailed description of the Bauer family tree go to the link below.
Home for the Bauers from the mid-1960s on was Springfield, USA. (Sometimes it was specifically tied to Springfield, IL, other times not. They also frequently mentioned Oakdale, IL from As the World Turns and Bay City, IL from Another World.) In Springfield the once working class immigrant Bauer family become known as doctors (Ed and his son Rick are both doctors, several of their wives are doctors, Michelle was a Physician Assistant and Maureen as a hospital administrator) at Cedars Hospital. As the local hospital, Cedars plays a large role in the show. Read a description of Cedars Hospital here:
Rick Bauer’s best friend is Phillip Spaulding who (despite a complicated parentage back story reveal) shows himself to be every inch tycoon Alan Spaulding’s son. Read a summary of Phillip’s complicated parentage here:
Phillip, together with Alan, Alan’s sister Alexandra, and Alan’s other son Alan-Michael make up the most visible part of the Spaulding family from its introduction in 1977 to the end of the show. The Spauldings are very rich. They live in the Spaulding Mansion which is on Skyline Drive next to the Bauer House and run the Fortune 500 Company Spaulding Enterprises. They are also dysfunctional and you never know if they’ll be fighting each other or teaming up to fight the rest of the world.
Another well off family, but of a very different character than the Spauldings, are the Lewises. The Lewis family still has a lot of the oil wildcatting spirit that made them their family money in Oklahoma. The difference between the two families was played off nicely in one of the shows final supercouples Bizzie (Bill Lewis and Lizzie Spaulding). The Lewises run two family businesses, Lewis Oil and Lewis Construction. Josh Lewis’s true love is Reva Shayne and together they form the show’s flagship supercouple Jeva throughout the second half of the show’s run.
Josh’s older brother Billy Lewis’s true love is Vanessa Chamberlain. The Chamberlains are old school blue bloods that helped build Spaulding Enterprises and for most of its existence ran the local TV station WSPR. The other important media outlet in town is the town newspaper, The Springfield Journal. The Journal was most strongly associated with sometime foreign correspondent Fletcher Reade and his onetime wife Holly Norris Bauer Thorpe Lindsey Reade. Holly was the true love of master criminal and seriously conflicted man, Roger Thorpe whose plots and spasms of violence wrecked havoc in town for decades. Sadly Roger could never decide which he wanted more: power and money or Holly and happiness, so he vacillated back and forth reaching for one and then the other leaving chaos in his wake. The most controversial story between Rolly was when Roger’s jealous rage over Holly’s continuing connection to ex-husband Ed Bauer led him to commit martial rape. Roger was also one of three of the town’s most famous phoenixes, he and Alan Spaulding and Beth Raines each rose from the dead in spectacular fashion more than once.
Rolly’s (Roger Thorpe and Holly Norris Bauer Thorpe Lindsey Reade) daughter Blake (originally known as Chrissy, but renamed as an adult) is a reckless spitfire who was only ever partially tamed by her love for lawyer and generally town all around good guy, Ross Marler. The Marler family started poor and were always looking for opportunities to better their position in town and although Ross was known as a good guy, he had his family’s ruthless streak and it came out on occasion, especially when he first came to town and much later when dealing with half-brother Ben Warren and in a mayoral campaign against the son-in-law of his best friend (Ed Bauer) and a close friend in his own right, Danny Santos.
Firmly on the other end of social scale from the Spauldings, Chamberlains, Lewises, and even the Marlers, were two main families, the blue collar Reardons and Coopers. The Reardons ran the Reardon Boarding House and a restaurant called Company for many years. Eventually the family did better (one daughter, Maureen, married Ed Bauer and another, Nola, married Quint Chamberlain and one son Jim, became a doctor). The Coopers were another blue collar family. They were also of immigrant descent with both family patriarch Buzz Cooper’s father and uncle coming from Greece. The family’s already high Greek quota (they were famous for their Greek dancing and Baklava) was kicked up another notch when eldest son Det. Frank Cooper wooed and eventually married his initially unwilling arranged bride Eleni, who was born and raised in Greece. The Cooper’s maintained a family restaurant for many years, first the Fifth Street Diner, and after it was accidentally burnt down, they purchased Company from the remaining few Reardons. Although the Coopers had other jobs, when it was needed they all pulled together to work at the restaurant and all hands on deck included current love interests helping out and even being a Spaulding didn’t excuse you from covering shifts if you were currently dating or married to a Cooper. While both restaurants were community centers, neither was a money maker and the Coopers were very frequently on the verge of the losing the business and sometimes did, although somehow they always eventually got it back.
If you were in the mood for something other than a Buzz Burger you might want to try one of the nicer restaurants in town; Towers (located on the top floor of a high class hotel which was part of an urban renewal project near 5th Street), the Lakeland Country Club (for its old money charm), Olivia’s at the Beacon Hotel (located near the lighthouse, the show’s symbol), or one of the night clubs such as the Blue Orchid, Millennium or Inferno. Dive bars were common through the years, but the one with staying power was Farley’s that took on an increasing importance in the final years of the show.
In 1998, the show returned to the immigrant theme, but this time with a darker twist. The Santos family were three generations from emigrating from Cuba (the family was still bilingual), but took a different path to making it in America, one filled with violence and crime. The Santos family was one of the largest crime families in the Midwest, but the scion Danny Santos was a good man and eventually with his true love (in a soap rarity they were only ever married to each other) Michelle Bauer, fought their way free and the Santos name was clean for their children Robbie and Hope, who as Michelle’s children were among the final generation of Bauers on the soap.
A note from behind the scenes, mainly because of circumstances beyond the control of TPTB cancellation was a real threat the last 10 years or so Guiding Light ran. Budgets were cut repeatedly and it showed on screen. The last two attempts at saving money were the most visible on screen. For a time everyone lived at the Beacon Hotel so they could do minimal redress of the sets between scenes and a lot of action took place on a strange Sesame Street looking set called Main Street. When that proved a failure, they totally abandoned the traditional three wall set and pedestal cameras to go to more or less permanently built sets and hand held cameras, plus a lot of outdoor shooting in the town of Peapack, New Jersey. Although there were various issues with this change in set up, the primary one was that they couldn’t figure out how to properly capture the sound on these sets which were basically rooms in a house and although it got better over time, fans complained about the sound for the last two years of the soap.
After fighting cancellation off for many years, a lack of support from both the network and producer P&G led to a cancellation announcement. To add insult to injury, the announcement was made April 1st (April Fool’s Day) 2009. The last air date was announced for September 18, 2009. This was an especially hard blow because signs had been pointing towards at least one more year. Ratings were up since Phillip’s return, the sound quality was improving if still not stellar, and the story seemed to be moving in a positive direction as unpopular stories that had drug on far too long (e.g. Lizzie’s kidnapping and aftermath) were wrapped up and more popular ones were getting center stage (e.g. the Bizzie romance, Phillip’s return, even Vanilly began to find their way back to each other). While fans held out hope and launched several fan campaigns to try to save the show, its fate was pretty much sealed when CBS made the initial announcement. Quickly stories were revamped and at least brief returns of favorite characters were arranged (Danny and Michelle Bauer Santos and their kids, Mindy Lewis, Holly Norris Thorpe, Jonathan Randall and his daughter Sarah) although the only one who got a full, properly played out return was Dr.Ed Bauer. Other veteran characters, still on the canvas, but long neglected were suddenly given more air time (Blake Marler, Rick Bauer).
Three major stories provided a focus for the end of the show. The Spauldings dealt with the fact that Phillip was diagnosed with a fatal disease and Alan’s previous behavior was explained, not by his backstory with Hope Bauer which would have made sense, but by a previously unknown man who took Alan’s place in the Vietnam War and was killed and Alan’s guilt over it. Eventually Alan faced his fear and was a donor in a risky operation that saved Phillip’s life. Alan lived, but died of an unrelated heart attack the next week. The Coopers once again almost lost Company as Buzz became obsessed with completing Coop’s research on his mother Jenna Bradshaw Cooper. Eventually it was revealed that Jenna’s last secret was that Cyrus Foley was Jenna’s son she had given up for adoption as a teenager (it turned out that the unlamented Grady was only his foster brother and absolutely no word was given on Rocky’s fate – Jenna’s son who was actually born on the show). Blake, Ashlee Wolfe, and Cyrus worked together to finish Coop’s book on Jenna called Stories from Jenna which provided the money to save Company once again. Finally, a convoluted story that involved Edmund, a dead duplicate Edmund (aka Deadmund), a broken stroller, and multiple people covering up or manufacturing evidence and a series of faked deaths, ended with Mallet and Dinah Marler on the run in Europe and Jeffery O’Neill letting Reva go in order to forever chase Edmund Winslow around the globe. A fourth was the fairly isolated Otalia storyline (Olivia Spencer and Natalia Rivera) which was very popular as it was one of the first lesbian romances on a soap and played out at close to old-fashioned soap love story speed which was much preferable to the meet and jump into bed speed so many modern couples follow.
For a sum up of where they left the Deadmund story watch this:
A focus was also on ending with as many happy couples as possible. Bizzie, Vanilly (Vanessa Chamberlain and Billy Lewis) and Lillibuzz (Lillian Raines and Buzz Cooper) finally married. Pheth (Phillip Spaulding and Beth Raines) and Mindy and Rick became engaged. Mayne (Marah Cooper and Shayne Lewis) reunite after Shaynah (Shayne Lewis and Dinah Marler) split. Otalia, Holly and Ed, and Remy and Christina reunited. Matt started to date one of Maureen’s teachers. Frank and Blake started to date as did Mel and Cyrus. Doris Wolfee came out of the closet and started dating a dayplayer. Jaisy (James Spaulding and Daisy Susan LeMay Cooper) was more solid than ever, even though Ashlee and Daisy are going to college at Berkley. And finally the show ended as it should, Jeva (Josh Lewis and Reva Shayne) reunited under the lighthouse and drove off in H.B.’s pickup for new adventures. Then just like in a classic movie “The End” came across the screen with the lighthouse in the distance as Josh and Reva whispered “Always” to each other. Fans not content to let it go, lead to a series of fan events around the country throughout the year after cancellation.
Suggested for further reading:
Dates in Springfield
Places in Springfield
Couple Codes for Guiding Light
Soap Centrals Character Profiles
Poll, Julie and Caelie M. Haines. Guiding light: the complete family album. Los Angeles : General Pub. Group, 1997. ISBN 1-57544-006-7
Robansuefarm is the handle of one of Manny and Guiding Light‘s biggest fans following in her family’s footsteps of Guiding Light fandom since 1939. This blog is an effort to make it easy to find Guiding Light and especially Manny online. Check back here for her blog, find fanfic previews and fake WSPR newscasts on her YouTube, find podcasts that look back to old shows and audios of her fanfics on Blog Talk Radio, and finally follow her on Twitter and Facebook.