Celebrating the 4th of July
I thought I’d deviate slightly from the usual tech post and share some brief thoughts on the importance of this day commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.
This day is not just another date on the calendar, but a celebration of our nation’s birth, our heritage of liberty, and the enduring resilience of the American spirit. The Fourth of July is more than just barbecues (as important as they are) and parades; it’s about honoring and celebrating our nation’s core principles and the freedoms we often take for granted. We celebrate the freedom of speech, the freedom of religion, the freedom to dream, to innovate, to prosper.
It is also a reminder of the brave souls who fought and still fight for these rights today. Among the many symbols that embody our national pride, the American flag stands proud and significant. As we honor our flag, we are not merely celebrating a piece of cloth but are expressing our respect and gratitude for the liberty, justice, and democracy it represents.
More people need to actually read and attempt to understand the intent behind our Constitution. It is the backbone of our democracy, ensuring the rule of law and protection of human rights, and reflecting our dedication to justice and fairness. It is a testament to our founding fathers’ foresight, who envisaged a nation where everyone is free and equal under the law. While we’ve never been perfect in its execution, every citizen has the responsibility to uphold these principles, safeguarding the rights and freedoms that define us as a nation. The Fourth of July gives us the opportunity to recommit ourselves to these principles, honoring the legacy of our forefathers and fulfilling our duties as citizens.
The Fourth of July should be a day of reflection, gratitude, and unity. It is a day when we, as a nation, come together to appreciate our past, enjoy our present, and anticipate our future. I am truly grateful for the Fourth of July celebrations. I am thankful for the many freedoms my family enjoys and the opportunities these liberties provide. We need to also remember that these freedoms didn’t come without a price. I also appreciate the sacrifices made by the countless men and women who have worked, fought, and given their lives to ensure our freedom.
I hope everyone has a safe and inspiring Fourth of July holiday!


Eastworks is a former mill with a long and storied history directly connected to Easthampton and the Pioneer Valley. In a place that now houses artists, graphic designers, sculptors, writers and community-based nonprofits, there is the legacy of the past, where previous employees sat at looms or stood in factory lines. The renovated building celebrates our City’s beginnings as it helps people flourish today.
The West Boylston Manufacturing Company built the first three floors of Eastworks in 1908 for its textile business. In 1920, the company added the top two floors only to move its entire operation to the south four years later. Other owners filed through, including General Electric. During World War II, the War Department commandeered the building as an alternate construction site for bomb development.
Ownership changed hands in the 1950s to Stanley Home Products, a cleaning supplies and cosmetics manufacturer whose claim to fame was the home house party. The company was a major employer in Easthampton before shutting down operations in 1996.
Easthampton resident Will Bundy, and a business partner bought the building from Stanley Home in 1997. Will and his wife Paula are now the sole owners of the property. Since then, Eastworks has transformed into a vibrant mixed-use space for retail businesses, government and non-profit offices, artist lofts, and apartments.


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James E. McDonald
Mr. James E. McDonald was a 1937 graduate of Coppin. Mr. McDonald had a deep affinity for Coppin. He served as a member of the CSU Development Foundation Board and he also served as the Treasurer of the CSU National Alumni Association. He was a long-time supporter, and upon his death in 2010 Coppin received a bequest in the amount of $348,000-the largest single planned gift the university has ever received.
The Life of James Edward McDonald
Born in Dunn, North Carolina in 1914, he was raised in Baltimore, Maryland from age 8. He attended Booker T. Washington Junior High School and Frederick Douglass Senior High School and went on to attend Coppin Normal School in 1934. During this era, Coppin occupied space at 1100 N. Mount Street in West Baltimore and offered a three-year certificate program in teacher education.
After his second year of teaching, he was appointed as a Demonstration Teacher for the Baltimore Public School System and Supervisor of teachers in the field, who were students at Coppin. While teaching and serving in these other capacities, he enrolled at Morgan State University earning the Bachelor of Science degree. Soon after, he earned a Master's in Education and a certificate in Public School Administration from New York University in 1950.
His career in education was interrupted by a stint in the Armed Forces. He served in the 92nd Infantry Division along-side United State Maryland Senator, the Honorable Parren J. Mitchell. Both were Platoon Leaders.
He retired from the Army at the rank of 1st Lieutenant. Looking back on his career which he retired from in 1979 after 42 years of service, he held administrative positions as an Assistant Principal and as the Principal of four (4) elementary schools. To his credit, he has trained, mentored, and supervised hundreds of Baltimore City elementary school teachers.


The relations between Turkey and European Union started with Turkey’s application to the European Economic Community for partnership on July 31,1959. After EEC Council of Ministers accepted the application, Ankara Agreement was signed on September 12,1963. Ankara Agreement is an agreement which creates a partnership. Annexed Protocol, which was signed in 1970, follows this agreement. These two documents, which started Turkey’s affairs with the Union earlier than many other countries that became Union members later, are legal provisions of Turkey-EU affairs since that date on and since European Council Final Declaration dated December 17, 2004.
According to the decision taken in the Summit of European Council dated December 17, 2004, Turkey officially started negotiations with the Intergovernmental Conference on October 3, 2005 regarding its membership to European Union. Again in the same day, Negotiation Framework for Turkey was published with a press conference. Thereby, wavy affairs between Turkey and EU crossed a very important turning point and took yet another twist.
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In 1951 The Family of Mr. Jose & Celia Villanueva migrated from a small town called Santa Ines, Michoacán to Cordoba, Veracruz, were they established Licores Veracruz Liquor Distillery.
In 1966 The Family of Mr. Frank & Lyn Maestri moved from Hawaii to San Jose, California were they established Frank- Lin Distillers Ltd.
In 2008 Mr. Michael & Celia V. Maestri moved from Houston, Texas to Tequila Jalisco, were they established Destiladora del Valle de Tequila Distillery. Also known as “Casa Maestri” which is recognized as a one of the best Tequila producers in Mexico.
In 2008 Mr. Michael Maestri, granted Frank & Lindley Maestri, his shares from Frank – Lin Distillers Ltd.
In 1989 Mrs. Celia V. Maestri migrated from Cordoba, Veracruz Mexico to Houston TX, were she established Mexcor, Inc., (Liquor Importer and Wholesaler House). Today Mexcor, Inc. is owned by her eldest son Eduardo Morales.


For those of you who think that HRC Dayton has embarked on a totally new phenomenon – you are wrong. Four thousand years ago, ancient Egyptians were searching for a hair loss cure. In 1500 B.C., Egyptians recited a magic spell to the sun god before swallowing a cocktail of onions, iron, red lead, honey and alabaster. Needless to say, it didn’t work. Then, in 1100 B.C., balding men rubbed the fat from lions, hippopotamuses, crocodiles, ibex, tomcat, serpents, porcupine hair and geese onto their scalps. That didn’t work either. Next, they tried the leg of a female greyhound sauteed in oil with the hoof of a donkey. When all these anecdotes failed, the men wore wigs and fake beards.
In ancient Greece, Hippocrates, born around 460 B.C., rubbed a potion onto his scalp that was made from horseradish, cumin, opium, beetroot, spices, pigeon droppings and nettles. Interestingly, what did survive history is that the horseshoe fringe of hair on balding men is also call the Hippocratic wreath. Hippocrates also came up with a radical surgical treatment for baldness when he noticed that the eunuchs never lost hair on the top of their head. Understandably, most of the men did not opt for castration in favor of a full head of hair. But, in 1995 researchers at Duke University confirmed that castration did, indeed, prevent hair loss.
In ancient Rome, Julius Caesar was constantly looking for ways to hide his thinning hair. Thus, the emergence of the laurel wreath! Cleopatra recommended a remedy of ground-up mice, horse teeth and bear grease. That, too, didn’t work. Julius Caesar also did the first “comb over” in history (and you thought that was a twentieth century maneuver). Caesar would grow his hair long in the back, and then comb it forward over his bald spot.
Moving on up to King Louis XIV of France, you have one of the vainest men in history. After a severe illness, Louis lost his hair and began the style of wearing gigantic wigs. Some of the creations worn by the men of the court were so huge that they featured cages with live birds. These wigs could weigh up to 20 lbs.
In eighteenth century England, long, curly powdered wigs were the style among gentlemen. Today, English judges and lawyers have continued the practice, and wear their long, curly wigs in court. It is from this custom that the term for those in authority as “big wigs” has originated.
In the United States, in the nineteenth century, the snake oil salesmen came into being. These were swindlers who pretended they were doctors and peddled phony potions that promised to treat all sorts of ailments. Some of them were supposed to reverse hair loss. A popular potion of the day was one called Seven Sutherland Sisters’ Hair Grower. It was marketed by a family of sideshow performers who had incredibly long, full hair cascading down their backs.
In nineteenth century England, the cure of the day for hair loss was to rub “cold India tea” and hunks of lemon into your scalp. If that didn’t work, you would have your beverage ready for tea time.
Moving into the 20th century, high tech enters the picture. Allied Merke Institute unveiled the Thermocap device in the 1920s. Men and women with thinning hair needed to spend 15 minutes a day under a bonnet-like gadget’s heat and blue light. This was supposed to stimulate dormant hair bulbs.
Then, in 1936, the Crosley Company introduced the Xervac, a machine that used suction to spur hair growth. Gentlemen were encouraged “to kick back and relax with a cigarette and newspaper as the helmet-encased vacuum pump worked its magic on their follicles.”
In 1939, a Japanese dermatologist pioneered a procedure for grafting hair from the scalp, eyebrows, face and other parts of the body onto bald spots.
Two decades later, the New York doctor, Norman Orentreich, popularized hair transplants, which for many years resulted in scalps reminiscent of doll’s heads. This treatment for male pattern baldness is alive and well to this day, but with more natural results.”
As you can see, the Dayton hair loss specialists at HRC Dayton know our history, but we also know what works in today’s world. Contact us today to set up an appointment. We promise: no snake oils or India tea on your scalp!


Delhi remained dilly-dally for a long time. Each of its chronological layers preserves indelible past, of which remnant you can still trace in here. Initially inhabited and discovered by Anang (of the Tomara Dynasty) and later ruled by Chauhans, Mughals and British subsequently, still dining on ashes that Delhi has now become the historical, traditional and cultural capital of India. It is a beautiful tourist place where millions of people from different walks of life come and quench the thirst of glorious past.
There are numerous gorgeous historical monuments, palaces, forts and fortresses in Delhi. The city is built on the banks of Yamuna Rivers. Delhi is home to prolific architects, stonemasons, craftspeople, poets, philosophers and writers and historians. Millions of tourists come to Delhi and experience its magnificence.


A Cell of Their Own: The Incarceration of Women in Later Medieval Europe
“A Cell of Their Own: The Incarceration of Women in Later Medieval Europe,” a Pre-Law Lecture, will be given by Dr. Guy Geltner, Chair, Medieval History, University of Amsterdam.The lecture will be held on Monday, March 26 in the Andrew A. Robinson Jr. Theater starting at 7 p.m.; a public reception will be held in the lobby before the talk, starting at 6. For more information, contact Dr. David Sheffler at email@example.com.
Cost:Free and open to the public


Tuesday, January 21, 2020
HittiteÃ¢â¬â¢s Self-Image Characterized by Grandeur :: Hittite Culture Cultural History Essays
HittiteÃ¢â¬â¢s Self-Image Characterized by Grandeur The Hittite empire, like many others of the Bronze Age, arose at a time when new tactics and implements for fighting were being developed in abundance. Like many other empires of that time, the Hittites recognized the importance of protecting their lands and acquiring new ones. As the size and influence of the Hittite empire grew, it sometimes formed peaceful agreements with foreign lands. These agreements, however, primarily served their own interests. Evidence of the behavior of the Hittites found in primary documents reveals that they treated civilizations other than their own as their inferiors. Religion was central to the HittiteÃ¢â¬â¢s culture and they considered their devotion to it to be one of their primary strengths. The upkeep of Hittite religious institutions and their functionaries was a primary obligation of the commander of the Hittite border guards. A document containing instructions for that commander explains these responsibilities: Ã¢â¬Å"In the town through which the commander [passes]Ã¢â¬ ¦ he shall attend to the necessary provisions for town-elders, priests, Ã¢â¬ËanointedÃ¢â¬â¢ (and) mothers-of-god.Ã¢â¬ (par. 1) It was important to the Hittite king (also called the Sun) that all cities in the empire contain adequate sites for worship of the Hittite gods. This suggests that they believed paying tribute to the gods ensured them some sort of security or protection. In that same document it was stated, Ã¢â¬Å"The commander of the border guards shall make an inventory of the godÃ¢â¬â¢s utensils and send it before the Sun.Ã¢â¬ (par. 3) Ã¢â¬ËUtensilsÃ¢â¬â¢ probably refers to the possessions of the gods, perhaps including their temples, servants, and any commodities held in their name. A list of them was most likely held by the king so that what the Hittites had given to their gods was on record. The magnitude of religion in this civilization and the closeness of it to the military reveal that the favor of and protection from its gods gave its people a perceived power and authority that other civilizations lacked. Religion was also directly connected to imperial Hittite rule through the king. In a treaty between Mursilis, Sun of the Hittites, and Duppi-Tessub, king of Amurru, the preamble mentions that Mursilis was the Ã¢â¬Å"favorite of the Storm-god.


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In a rare historic interview from August 1991, old time fiddle player "Hammerin' Haney Hatfield" discusses how Jimi Hendrix influenced his playing.
How did "Electric Ladyland" change his life ?
With his unique use of distortion and feedback, Hammerin' Haney created a one of a kind sound. He was one of the only old time fiddle players to use feedback and distortion as a weapon against his audience.
Amateur videotape footage but a historic interview all the same ! ! !
Mr. Hatfield was a regional musician. He passed away in early 1993. He performed as a sideman for dances and on a few live radio broadcast from Mineral Wells, TX in the mid to late 1930s. He was usually requested to sit in when the producer wanted a rougher sounding fiddle player. He performed mainly Hillbilly and Western Swing music during this time period.
Even though he could sing in the style of Jimmie Rodgers and other popular country acts of the time, Mr. Hatfield was not comfortable being the focus of attention.
For the next few decades music took a secondary role to work and raising a family.
He had a passion for all styles of music but had to be talked into performing in his later years.


Robert G. Gale was born in Stowe, VT in 1919, graduating from Middlebury College in 1941. Dr. Gale always loved sports, and was an accomplished athlete at Middlebury. In 1944, he received his medical degree from the University of Rochester School of Medicine in New York and did his internship and residency at Strong Memorial Hospital in Rochester (which is now an 830 bed medical center/teaching hospital of the U. of Rochester School of Medicine). From 1946 to 1948 he trained at Vanderbilt University Hospital on a medical fellowship, where Dr. Gale co-authored an article published in the American Heart Journal in 1949. The title of the article is "Plasma tocopherol levels in cardiac patients". He then completed two more years of training in Rochester, NY.
Dr. Gale practiced at the Fitch Clinic in St. Johnsbury, Vermont from 1950-1952, after which time he began his Internal Medicine practice in Littleton in August of that year. He was called to active duty in 1953 during the Korean War and served two years as a captain in the U.S. Army Medical Corps, practicing cardiology at Fort Hood, TX. Upon discharge from the Military, Dr. Gale settled in Littleton, where he practiced from 1955 until 1987. While at Littleton Hospital, Dr. Gale served as Chief of Medicine, and he established Littleton Hospital's intensive care unit.
Always an avid outdoorsman, Dr. Gale was a New Hampshire Fish and Game Commissioner between 1975 and 1985. He enjoyed hunting, fishing, and boating. Dr. Gale was player agent for the Little League of Littleton from 1952 to 1970 from its inception to the opening of the "new field" at Remich Park. Also, he was a member of the F and AM (Free and Accepted Masons) Burns Lodge in Littleton and the Littleton Lodge of Elks. Dr. Gale was a member of the NH Medical Society and the Trudeau Society. The Trudeau Society was named to honor Edward L. Trudeau. He was the pioneer who founded an early (if not the first) tuberculosis sanatorium in America at Saranac Lake in New York in the early 1900s.
Littleton Hospital named its medical library in Dr. Gale's honor. His photograph proudly hangs on a wall in the current Gale Medical Library/Anna Connors Patient & Family Resource Center.
(August 12, 1987) Littleton Courier microfiche
Colby, Jack, ed. Littleton: Crossroads of Northern New Hampshire, Town of Littleton, 1984.
Murray JF et al. Evolution and Revolution. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2012; 186(10):948-952.
Lemley JM, Gale RG, et al. Plasma tocopherol levels in cardiac patients. American Heart Journal.1949; 37(7):1029-34.


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"We are working with NUWC Keyport on the recovery device and two Keyport engineers were onsite for Phase 1 of the test. Нам очень жаль, но запросы, поступившие с вашего IP-адреса, похожи на автоматические. MOD 0 CQBR, Коллекционные модели, масштаб: 1:3, производитель: Easy Model , материал: Пластик. Она получила обозначение Mk 18 Mod 0.
Introduced in 1964, Colt has made many different types of AR-15 rifle and carbine models, including the AR-15, AR-15A2, AR-15A3, Sporter, HBAR, Government, Target, Match and it is based on the ArmaLite AR-15 rifle, a select-fire weapon intended for military sales. In 1959, ArmaLite sold the design to Colt due to financial difficulties, after some modifications, the rifle eventually became the United States military M16 rifle. Shortly thereafter, Colt began to make semi-automatic versions for civilian sales, the term AR-15 is a Colt registered trademark, which they use to denote only the semi-automatic rifle versions available for civilian and law enforcement sales.
The term AR-15 signifies Armalite rifle, design 15, other manufacturers make AR-15 clones and variants marketed under separate designations, although these are frequently referred to as AR-15s. This article discusses the semiautomatic version manufactured by Colt, the Colt AR-15 is based on the 5.
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Mm ArmaLite AR-15 rifle, which is a smaller lighter version of the 7. Both of these rifles were designed by Eugene Stoner, Robert Fremont, in 1959, ArmaLite sold its rights to the AR-10 and AR-15 to Colt. After a Far East tour, Colt made its first sale of Colt made ArmaLite AR-15 rifles to Malaya on September 30,1959, Colt manufactured their first batch of 300 select-fire Colt ArmaLite AR-15 Model 01 rifles in December 1959. Colt marketed the Colt made ArmaLite AR-15 rifle to various military services around the world, after modifications, the new redesigned rifle was adopted by the United States military as the M16 rifle.
Most Colt ArmaLite AR-15 rifles in U. Service have long ago been upgraded to M16 rifle configuration, Colt continued to use the AR-15 trademark for its semi-automatic variants that were marketed to civilian and law-enforcement customers.
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The original AR-15 was a lightweight weapon, weighing less than 6 pounds with empty magazine. Later heavy-barrel versions of the civilian AR-15 can weigh upwards of 8. Lb, patent 2,951,424 describes the cycling mechanism used in the original AR-15. The bolt carrier acts as a cylinder and the bolt itself acts as a stationary piston. This mechanism is called direct gas impingement, although it differs from prior gas systems. Stoner did not consider the AR-15 to be a direct impingement mechanism. Gas is tapped from the barrel as the bullet moves past a gas port located above the front sight base.
The M16 rifle, officially designated Rifle, Caliber 5.
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Mm, M16, is a United States military adaptation of the Armalite AR-15 rifle. The original M16 was a select-fire,5. Mm rifle with a 20-round magazine, in 1964, the M16 entered American military service and the following year was deployed for jungle warfare operations during the Vietnam War.
In 1969, the M16A1 replaced the M14 rifle to become the U. Militarys standard service rifle, the M16A1 improvements include a bolt-assist, chrome plated bore and a new 30-round magazine.
In 1983, the USMC adopted the M16A2 rifle and the U. Army adopted it in 1986, the M16A2 fires the improved 5. Adopted in 1998, the M16A4 is the generation of the M16 series. It is equipped with a carrying handle and Picatinny rail for mounting optics. The M16 has also widely adopted by other militaries around the world. Total worldwide production of M16s has been approximately 8 million, making it the most-produced firearm of its 5. Army has largely replaced the M16 in combat units with the shorter and lighter M4 carbine, however, early experiments with select-fire versions of the M1 Garand proved disappointing.
During the Korean War, the select-fire M2 carbine largely replaced the gun in US service.
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However, combat experience suggested that the. Carbine round was under-powered, American weapons designers concluded that an intermediate round was necessary, and recommended a small-caliber, high-velocity cartridge. This culminated in the development of the 7. Mm NATO cartridge, the US also adopted the M60 general purpose machine gun. Its NATO partners adopted the FN FAL and HK G3 rifles, as well as the FN MAG, the first confrontations between the AK-47 and the M14 came in the early part of the Vietnam War.
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Battlefield reports indicated that the M14 was uncontrollable in full-auto and that soldiers could not carry enough ammo to maintain fire superiority over the AK-47, and, while the M2 carbine offered a high rate of fire, it was under-powered and ultimately outclassed by the AK-47. A replacement was needed, a medium between the traditional preference for high-powered rifles such as the M14, and the firepower of the M2 Carbine. As a result, the Army was forced to reconsider a 1957 request by General Willard G.
Wyman, continental Army Command to develop a.
Caliber select-fire rifle weighing 6 lb when loaded with a 20-round magazine. This request ultimately resulted in the development of a version of the Armalite AR-10. Originating in the unconventional naval units formed during the Second World War, NSWC was established on April 16,1986 at Naval Amphibious Base Coronado in San Diego, California. Its mission is to leadership, doctrinal guidance, resources and oversight to special operations carried out in maritime. NSWC specializes in a range of tactical areas, including unconventional warfare, direct action, counterterrorism, special reconnaissance.
NSWC is organized primarily around eight Navy SEAL teams, three special teams, and various supporting commands, totaling approximately 9,200 personnel. Units can operate independently, as part of U. Navy carrier battle groups and amphibious ready groups, by utilizing the Navys ships, submarines, and overseas facilities, NSWC forces can be deployed rapidly almost anywhere in the world. In the Vietnam era, the Navy drew most of its SEALs from the Underwater Demolition Teams, from the early 1960s up until 1983 the SEAL Teams and UDTs coexisted. Navy SEALs typically traced their origin to the Scouts and Raiders while the Underwater Demolition Teams traced theirs to the Navy Combat Demolition Units, however, in 1983 the Underwater Demolition Teams were merged with the SEAL Teams.
This, in turn, merged their ancestry, the Scouts and Raiders mission was to identify and reconnoiter the objective beach, maintain a position on the designated beach prior to a landing and guide the assault waves to the landing beach. By the time the United States became involved in World War II, Adolf Hitler, if the Allied forces were to stand a chance, there would have to be several full-scale landings.
Navy decided that to do the job right required sending in their own and they needed men to reconnoiter the landing beaches, take note of obstacles and defenses and ultimately guide the landing forces in. Later, during the war, the Army Engineers passed down demolition jobs to the U.
Navy and they were to clear any obstacles and/or defenses in the near shore area, beginning a tradition that continues today. The Navy Scouts and Raiders were created before the Navy Combat Demolition Units, the Scouts and Raiders were first formed in September 1942, nine months after the attack on Pearl Harbor, from the Observer Group, a joint Marine Corps-Army-Navy unit. The Observer Group was the first unit trained in amphibious reconnaissance and they trained in inflatable boat insertions from submarines around the Chesapeake Bay and at the Amphibious Training Base Little Creek in Virginia and in Fort Pierce, Florida.
They were training for a clandestine mission in North Africa. Navy began the Scouts and Raiders to provide reconnaissance, the unit could conduct raids and sabotage missions from a pair of men to platoon sized operations. The unit continued its deployment to North Africa as planned, where they earned eight Navy Crosses, robert Halperin, a former NFL football player and future Olympic medalist, received a Presidential Citation and the Navy Cross for his work during the amphibious landings in French Morocco.
This was just the first of many missions for the versatile Scouts. The first group included Phil H. The United States Naval Criminal Investigative Service is the primary law enforcement agency of the United States Department of the Navy. NCIS is the organization to the former Naval Investigative Service. The vast majority of NCIS personnel are civilian, roughly half of whom are special agents trained to carry out a variety of assignments around the world.
NCIS agents are armed law enforcement investigators, who frequently coordinate with other U. Government agencies and have a presence in over 40 countries. NCIS traces its roots to Navy Department General Order 292 of 1882, signed by William H. Hunt, Secretary of the Navy, which established the Office of Naval Intelligence. In anticipation of the United States entry into World War I, ONIs responsibilities expanded to include espionage, sabotage, in World War II ONI became responsible for the investigation of sabotage, espionage and subversive activities that posed any kind of threat to the Navy.
The major buildup of civilian special agents began with the Korean War in 1950, in the early 1970s, an NIS special agent was stationed on the USS Intrepid for six months. The 1970s also saw NIS first female agent, who was stationed at Naval Air Station Miramar, in 1982, NIS assumed responsibility for managing the U. Navys Law Enforcement and Physical Security Program and the U.
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Navys Information and Personnel Security Program. Prior to this and subsequently until 1984, NIS Special Agent Training was in ONI Headquarters in Suitland, Maryland, ATAC was the facility at which Jonathan Pollard was working when he committed the acts of espionage for which he was convicted in 1987. In 2002 the ATAC became the Multiple Threat Alert Center, in 1985, Cathal L. Flynn became the first admiral to lead NIS.
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The command took on the responsibility of Information and Personnel Security. In 1986, the Department of the Navy Central Adjudication Facility was established and placed under the agency, doN CAF renders approximately 200,000 eligibility determinations annually for the Department of the Navy. In 1991, NIS was responsible for investigating the Tailhook scandal, at the time, Senator Nunn stated, The Navys whole investigative technique should be under serious question. By 1992, Acting Secretary of the Navy, Sean OKeefe, ultimately, NIS commander, Rear Adm.
Was forced to retire and NIS was reorganized as NCIS under civilian leadership. In 1992, the NCIS mission was again clarified and became a civilian agency. Nedrow oversaw the restructuring of NCIS into a Federal law enforcement agency with 14 field offices controlling field operations in 140 locations worldwide, in 1995, NCIS introduced the Cold Case Homicide Unit. Brant was appointed Director of NCIS by Secretary of the Navy John Howard Dalton, Director Brant retired in December 2005. He was succeeded by Director Thomas A. Betro who was appointed Director of NCIS in January 2006, on September 13,2009, Deputy Director of Operations Gregory A.
The United States Coast Guard is a branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the countrys seven uniformed services. This has happened twice, in 1917, during World War I, created by Congress on 4 August 1790 at the request of Alexander Hamilton as the Revenue Marine, it is the oldest continuous seagoing service of the United States. As Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton headed the Revenue Marine, by the 1860s, the service was known as the U. Revenue Cutter Service and the term Revenue Marine gradually fell into disuse, the modern Coast Guard was formed by a merger of the Revenue Cutter Service and the U.
Life-Saving Service on 28 January 1915, under the U. As one of the five armed services, the Coast Guard has been involved in every U. War from 1790 to the Iraq War. As of 2014 the Coast Guard had over 36,000 men and women on duty,7,350 reservists,29,620 auxiliarists. Coast Guard by itself is the worlds 12th largest naval force. Because of its authority, the Coast Guard can conduct military operations under the U.
Department of Defense or directly for the President in accordance with Title 14 USC 1–3. The Coast Guards enduring roles are maritime safety, security, to carry out those roles, it has 11 statutory missions as defined in 6 U. Law in the worlds largest exclusive economic zone of 3. Million square miles, the Coast Guards motto is the Latin phrase, Semper Paratus. In a 2005 article in Time magazine following Hurricane Katrina, the author wrote, the Coast Guards most valuable contribution to may be as a model of flexibility, and most of all, spirit.
Wil Milam, a swimmer from Alaska told the magazine, In the Navy. Practicing for war, training for war, in the Coast Guard, it was, take care of our people and the mission will take care of itself.


100 Years of History
This is a photo of our first family business, a wagon shop, started in the late 1800’s by Jacob Gehm. The building was originally a hotel on the Ohio Canal. Upon Jacob’s passing, his youngest son, Fred Gehm, took over the shop with a partner.
The eldest son, John W. Gehm, founded the Summit Bottling Works, a soft drink company in 1922. After five years, he switched to distributing CO2 gas and servicing fountain equipment for its use. John’s son, Harold W., continued the operation of the CO2
and syrup distribution.
Summit Bottling Works was originally located on Thornton Street, then moved to Brown Street where the company name changed to John W. Gehm & Sons. The current location is on South Arlington Street and the name has been changed to Gehm & Sons, Ltd.
In 1963, Russell A. Gehm, John’s second eldest son, brought the distribution of Dry Ice into the business. Some years later, his son Russell W. Gehm (a.k.a. Bill) continued the Dry Ice operation. In 2000, Bill’s sons, Russell W. Gehm II and Harold W. Gehm II, took over the daily operation of the business. We are now proudly into the fifth generation, continuing our fine family tradition.


Dark Horse Presents 01-157 + annual and special [complete]
CBR/ZIP | English | 159 Issues | 1.86 gb mb Total
Dark Horse Presents was conceived as an anthology title and was the first comic to be released by the newly formed Dark Horse Comics in 1986. The first issue featured Black Cross on the cover and was notable for the first appearance of Paul Chadwick's Concrete. The title became successful thanks to the increasing popularity of Concrete who quickly became the regular cover feature for much of the first few years of the title.
Concrete eventually spun into its own title, and this was something which would happen to several characters and stories appearing in Dark Horse Presents. These included John Byrne's "Next Men" comic book, as well as Frank Miller's Sin City stories, with the very first "Sin City" story (Later retitled "The Hard Goodbye") being serialized within the pages of the comic.
Dark Horse Presents was Dark Horse's longest running title, and provided a mix of material from established and new creators. The title ended with issue #157 in September 2000.


The following article is largely based on a speech orated by Dr Sishuwa Sishuwa. The full length speech was published for funeral guests and a copy can be found on the Lusaka Times Website.
Andrew Sardanis is a Greek born Zambian Author, Artist, Politician and Businessman. He moved to our country at the age of 19 and fell in love with the land. Before his passing Mr Sadanis was one of the wealthiest businessmen to have ever operated in the country. Known popularly as the owner of the vast and beautiful Chaminuka, the wildlife and game reserve. He was also the spearhead throughout the independence movement and guided the country’s industry through its most prosperous years as the head of the IDC. He was one of the founders of ITM International, the first and only Zambian company to operate in over 40 countries including a Meridian Bank branch in London, possibly the most successful company in Zambia’s history. Mr Sadanis was also a mentor to many, I will always remember the wise lessons about life and dedication to your purpose even in his older age. Above all he is a man who for hundreds of years will be one of the richest sources of Zambian history as detailed in his books. I will try to summarize the great life of the man in this article.
Sardanis the Immigrant Freedom Fighter
From his younger years Mr Sardanis was a strong and well respected man, notable for his determination. He arrived in the country at the age of 19 as part of a group of tens of thousands of migrants displaced by the end of World War 2. In his dedication statement Dr Sishuwa Sishuwa notes, ‘though he was not like many of the others, who only dedicated themselves to quite self enrichment making fortunes out of the country’s resources’. As soon as he arrived in the country he loved it. His early years were spent developing a taste for business, helping his brother expand his transporting company in Chingola into trading as he started his first stores in the Copperbelt and Kapambo. He opened his first business, North Western Trading and Mwaiseni stores, in partnership with the Zambian blacks who at that time could not own stores or even enter the same place as a white man. He never saw the black Zambians as inferior and instead chose to empower them by educating many to become businessmen and traders.
He became a key part of the independence struggle due to his affiliations with the young black population of the time. Along with fellow white anti-colonialists Simon Zukas and James Skinner (1923 -2008) he joined politics to fight injustice, running for Member of Parliament for Kabompo constituency for UNIP in 1958. This was the first election during which UNIP was established (as the ZANC of the time had been expelled from party politics). He was provided Zambian citizenship for his contributions and in 1965 he was appointed the CEO of INDENI, where Mr Sadanis became a key part of the economic policy of Kaunda’s government and eventually employed 13,000 people. Mr Sardanis was later appointed Permanent Secretary of Mines in 1969 where he is attributed with building the economic infrastructure for Zambia’s booming mining sector. Beyond what was a strong political partnership he found true companionship with our founder, Dr Kenneth Kaunda, with the former president highlighting his contribution:
“Andrew was truly a giant, a principled man with a genuine love and passion for Zambia. My association with Andrew began during our struggle for independence . We were both young men eager to end British colonial rule and attain emancipation of the Zambian people. Andrew became an important friend who gave himself totally to the liberation struggle, not only for Zambia, but the Southern African Region”
Sadanis the Business Magnate
Before leaving government Mr Sadanis got a taste for running big business. He became the first CEO of the consolidated mines, named ZIMCO (what is now ZCCM). The year he became CEO the company revenue surpassed $1.12 billion and possessed assets worth $840 million, making it one the top 100 largest companies in the world at the time. Though his time there was brief as he believed these positions should belong to Zambians. By late 1971 he formed Sardanis Associates and entered business full time. The company would later be known as ITM International, an conglomerate consisting of 150 companies spread between 40 different countries (with only 25 in Africa). 13 years later he decided to expand the group into commercial banking, a sector which was still dominated by large British firms like Barclays. He established the Meridian Bank, the largest bank in Zambian history.
The company was built on the premise of building a Pan-Afircan Bank “out of Africa for Africa”. Mr Sardanis knew that Africa could not develop fully without big banks with the capability of financing exports. The company gained prominence in 1991 when they purchased the liquidated Banque Internationale pour L’Afrique Occidentale (BIAO) which operated in Franco Africa (this was at the request of Alassane Outtara, President of Côte d’Ivoire. According to records Africa Development Bank capitalized their 10% share at $100 million that year valuing the bank at $1 billion and giving Sadanis an estimated net worth of $600 million at the time. The bank was also one of the most innovative having established the ‘digital purse’ system 15 years before mobile wallets became popularised. At its peak the bank held more than $1.5 billion in assets (which would make it the largest bank in Zambia till today) and had a turnover of almost $1.3 billion. At its peak the company employed 30,000 people. The company was sabotaged by the British establishment as it became the most powerful African bank. The Bank of England declared evidence of ‘illegal deposit taking’ with no further evidence and pushed every central bank where it operated to seize the bank assets. The bank was ripped apart and acquired by various smaller institutions like Stanbic in Tanzania, Ghana Reassurance in Ghana and FNB in Swaziland just to name a few. It is one of the greatest yet least talked about tragedies in Zambian history.
Sadanis the Author, Historian and Father
In his last years Mr Sadanis continued to strive in different sectors. Over the years he built the largest collection by an individual Zambian collector with over 1,000 plastered on the walls of Chaminuka. He sponsored some of Zambia’s most prominent artists such as Person Lombe, Henry Tayali, Remmie Sichalwe, Flinto Chandia. In 1999 he was awarded the Ngoma award for his contributions to the art ecosystem in the country. He built his home Chaminuka in 1970, located over Lake Chitoka and encompasses one of the largest game parks in Lusaka. Today he has over 7,000 animals with over 40 different species. After opening his home to the public in the early 2000’s they have since gained over 20,000 visitors annually.
Mr Sardanis always stressed the importance of keeping memoirs and maintaining history. He has written three books which detail the development of the Zambian economy over the first 50 years. His first book Africa: Another Side of the Coin (2003), covers in detail of the pre-independence Zambia and the final years of our struggle. A Venture in Africa (2007) details his business endeavors whilst being the head of one of the largest businesses in Africa. Lastly, a book in commemoration of our 50th independence, Zambia : The First 50 years. These books portray a strong history within our nation which is rarely if at all publicized. He chose to selflessly focus on preserving the truth, admitting to the downfalls of himself and those around him. He was an honest man driven by principle.
Mr Sardanis’ apparent genius accompanied with his love for Zambia has proven to be a combination that will go on to influence us for years to come. He was buried last week Friday at the first place he entered the country, Northern Province, showing his loyalty to his origins, even as a man who built an empire. His presence is likely to forever be missed and his legacy never to be forgotten. To one who was a mentor to many of the buisness leaders of today, and an inspiration to the leaders of tomorrow, it was truly an honour.
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The second journey was designed as far south as being the present web site of Roseburg, the place he fulfilled his sister and brothers equally as their own individual materials had been exhausted. He was the final survivor of the loved ones of 16 children and the last on the members in the occasion who crossed the plains with each other 67 yrs ago. In August, 1907, he and his spouse celebrated the 60th anniversary in their relationship, all in their young children getting present.
He remained there for five years, returning once more to Oregon in September 1859. At the moment he grew to become a pilot and master of various vessels within the Columbia river, touring with the bar in the mouth to Portland. In 1877 Using the hopes of recovering his health and fitness and strength he built a protracted pay a visit to to close friends while in the Sandwich Islands. Richard returned house but in a brief time turned sick all over again and had to return into the islands. It quickly grew to become evident that there was for being no Long lasting cure and in hopes of observing his loved ones once again he boarded ship for household. He died two times prior to achieving Astoria. He is buried from the Clatsop cemetery, Clatsop Co, OR
While at sizeable inconvenience to myself his superior carry out induced me to adjust to his request; And that i acquired for him, from Captain Sutter, a existing compensation of two pounds plus a 50 % for each diem, that has a guarantee that it ought to be enhanced to 5 if he proved nearly as good a workman as were represented."
The museum states it had been contacted by nameless sources who questioned the graphic's authenticity. Specialists in contrast the image to high-resolution images of a taxidermy anteater on Exhibit at one of the entrances for the Emas Countrywide Park.
Auguste VASQUEZ: member of Fremont's next expedition; when bash later on break up into two partys for exploration he stayed with Fremont; turned again for household on September 22
She married John Thornton. She died from intake in 1883 on the age of forty-two. She was the one kid of her mothers and fathers to die in advance of their deaths in 1899, the only daughter, and the sole little one to obtain crossed the plains. Her husband died also from usage in 1887. The kids had been reared by Ann Eliza's mom and dad." [Details supplied by Don Rivara]
Edward WILLIAMS: outlined on various lists being an emigrant of 1843; further more info not uncovered on Edward right now
Cyrene B. TAYLOR; settled at Lafayette in Yamhill Co; reportedly brought a black slave Woman with them but she's not enumerated within the house via the 1850 Census
In braveness and professional skill he was a formidable rival to Carson, and regularly afterwards was Amongst the ideal and many efficient in the social gathering, As well as in complicated circumstances was of incalculable value......Godey was a Creole Frenchman of St. Louis of medium height with black eyes and silky curling black hair which was his pride."
When he was 3 a long time outdated his parents moved to Missouri. Afterwards they moved to Iowa, father and son crossing the plains to Oregon in 1843, following the Dying in the mother. They arrived at Oregon Metropolis on the day the youthful person was 21 several years outdated, and afterwards settled near Forest Grove.
They had been there 6 years before important site the family moved to Yoncalla in Douglas county. Jesse studied law With all the company of
Mary Louise KEIZUR; s/o Solomon and Nancy (Tate) Hess; settled near Newberg, Yamhill Co; father of 13 small children; c1844 he purchased 500 head of Spanish cattle from the male who had introduced them as much as OR; indicted for promoting liquor on the Indians and for permitting gambling in his residence;1849 in the mining fever a lot of miners were stranded in southern Oregon so Hess took a pack educate and carried them provisions; arm was amputated in 1878; Joseph died Dec 1879 in Eagle Issue, Jackson Co, OR the place he experienced gone to ascertain a assert with a colleague.
Commercials from the Salem newspaper show which the Garrisons had been seeking to market their land assert in 1861, but weren't productive. That December was The good flood that worn out Wheatland and Champoeg. The Garrison farm, on The underside land, was flooded.
1843"; had brothers named Henry and William and am wanting to know from the Henry C. and William listed underneath could possibly be Those people brothers.


To be honest I wanted to write about something else today, but then I came across a short video produced by a young Czech woman whom I met in Germany a couple of years ago and her international friends. The video documents one of her 3-day hikes along the lines of a former and current “green border” between the Czech Republic and Germany. On their way, Veronika and her friend come across almost forgotten remnants of the past; gravestones with German names on them, fallen-in houses, ruins of something unrecognizable, towns with names that are written both in German and Czech. But it also shows the young people struggling with their backpacks, joking, laughing, resting under trees tending to their blisters…a regular hiking adventure across the meadows and forests of the Erzgebirge – Krusne hory. So, why do the images bring me close to tears every time I see them?
My grandmother (Oma) was a young German woman of 23 or 24 living in a small German border town. Her and her husband had just bought a home for themselves and their two small children (5 and 3) very close to a creek and a large meadow in front of the house. They had a couple of brown goats and fruit trees, a garden, and family nearby.
It would have been idyllic if it wasn’t 1945 in Europe. My grandfather was still a prisoner of war, my grandmother waiting for his return any day now, because WWII was just declared over. The German government and army was defeated. It could have been a time of celebration. And I am sure the media portrait it as such, especially in the victorious countries.
But here is what really happened in the months and years after the capitulation. Soldiers from different countries swept the rural areas. First the Polish, taking jewelry and livestock from the German villagers, raping the women. After all, they had been the women of the enemy. Later came the Czech and the Russians stealing, burning, raping again. Meanwhile, borders had been re-drawn. Germany, once a vast area, spreading all the way into Czech, Polish and Russian territory, now became small again. But what to do with all the Germans who still lived on that land? Of course, they had to leave. Leave their homes, their animals, on foot with two suitcases and one doll. Yes, my mother, being the five-year-old in this scenario, had to choose one of her two dolls. A decision she still vividly and emotionally recalls 71 years later.
They walked through snow, a long trek of defeated women with children, until they reached the new German territory. Once they crossed the new border they had to find a place to stay. But as you can guess, nobody wanted to welcome the refugees. So they kept walking, hoping their husbands would find them, hoping the the grandparents or children would not die along the way….sound familiar?
My grandmother eventually settled in Freiberg, the town I was born in as well. They had a small apartment for a while, later bought an old house. But they remained “the refugees”. Integration for those Germans that were catapulted out of their former German homes were shunned by the Germans living in the areas of the “old Germany”- same culture, same language, same customs…Who can understand this?
My grandmother died when she was 93 years old. Until the day before she passed on she hated the Czech for what they had done to her, her family, and her beautiful life, her dreams. Over the years she visited the areas of her former home. And every year she became more depressed. In the early years she saw Czech families living in “her” town and home. Later, the border areas were abandoned, because the Czech people did not trust the new order. They were afraid that, one day, Germany would build an army again and take revenge on all the new settlers for the atrocities committed by the soldiers after the war.
Many people had moved on. Not everybody suffered like my grandmother did. But you could always feel the rift and unease in and around the border areas. The trauma lived on into the next generations, the trauma of the Czech being occupied by an aggressive and expansive German army, and the trauma of the German women and children being yanked out of their homes. After all, they were civilians, had not even voted for Hitler nor his policies.
This is why the hike along the border by Czech Veronica and her international friend was an act of healing. They produced this video, documenting their cross-cultural friendship, and the wounds of the past, still visible as the shattered artifacts along the border towns six years after my grandmother had died. I am in awe with the Millennials all over the world. They inherited a mess, but they so open-heartedly set out to quietly mend fences, make amends that would be the job of the generation before them, and generally don’t care about the hatred still being sewn by the old-timers. I really wish my grandmother could have watched the video, could have felt the love from those young people unaffected by the feelings of war or separation.
Borders have been drawn and re-drawn over the course of history through expansion, war and vengeance too many times to count.
Signs in two languages can be understood as a sign of ambivalence or a sign of hope.
Let’s not build walls. History has shown that they are usually build over night, but take decades, sometimes centuries to come down, separating families, neighbors, towns, and hearts. These wounds don’t heal overnight.

Waldgang I from Veronik@ on Vimeo.


Corps Security At 163: The World’s Oldest Security Company And A Social Enterprise.
Founded by Captain Sir Edward Walter in 1859 as The Corps of Commissionaires to provide gainful employment to returning servicemen after the Crimean War, Corps Security has come a long way.
Having started as the ‘Original Eight’ after Thomas Hancock VC joined in March 1859, we are built of people who embody our founding values, ‘loyalty, integrity and service’. As a Social Enterprise, we are proud of our continued commitment to our people and contributing to a safer future through the blending of human and technology-based specialist security services.
We are ever proud of the time-honoured patronage of our Chief Life Governor, HM The Queen, and for the support of our customers, service partners and colleagues.


This weekend Kristin, my sister Kathy and I did the Walking City Trail, a 28 mile hike through Boston. I first heard of this trail last year when several family members and friends sent me a link to bostontrails.org.
Boston Irish History Walk
My three brothers and two sisters came to Boston for St. Patrick’s Day this year. We are 5th generation Irish-Americans, descending from Irish refugees who came to the United States in the mid-19th century during the Great Potato Famine.
Historic Boston: Beacon Hill Podcast
As a history geek, I like to understand the story of a place, including all the people and events that came before me. While I like to think I have a good handle on Boston history, one of the areas
The History of 34 West Cedar Street in Beacon Hill
This is the story of the five story brick townhouse at 34 West Cedar Street. Like many of the homes built in Beacon Hill, its history was intertwined with the story of Boston. But unlike many of more famous homes,
My Boston Freedom Trail Tour
When I moved from Upstate New York to Boston after college I brought with me my passion for history. What follows is my personal historic walking tour of Boston, which I have given to friends and family who visit from
Boston Nerd Tour
I’m a big fan of all things tech and Boston. So in a chocolate meets peanut butter moment, I decided to create my own personal Boston Nerd Tour. For out of towners, this will be an intro to Boston


Ombudsman’s statement on National Day for Truth and Reconciliation
September 30, 2021 – Today marks Canada’s first National Day of Truth and Reconciliation, implementing the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s Call to Action #80 to establish a statutory holiday “to honour survivors, their families, and communities, and ensure that public commemoration of the history and legacy of residential schools remains a vital component of the reconciliation process.”
Since 2013, September 30 has been observed as Orange Shirt Day to recognize the colonial legacy of the Indian Residential ‘Schools’ and commit to the ongoing process of reconciliation. Orange Shirt Day recalls the experience of residential ‘school’ survivor Phyllis Webstad, who at six was stripped of her shiny new orange shirt on her first day attending the St. Joseph Mission Residential School. The Orange shirt now symbolizes how the residential ‘school’ system stripped away the Indigenous identities of its students. September 30th represents the time of year when Indigenous children were forcibly taken away from their families.
The recent tragic uncovering of the remains of more than 1,500 Indigenous children in unmarked graves near former residential ‘schools’ across Canada serves as a sombre reminder of the systemic oppression, inequalities, and discrimination that Indigenous peoples have endured over the past centuries, and the injustices and challenges they continue to face today. Under the residential school system, more than 150,000 Indigenous children were forcibly separated from families and communities, in an attempt by the Government of Canada to eliminate their culture, languages, and traditions. This has been recognized as cultural genocide. These children were dehumanized, abused, neglected, starved and many were killed. They suffered emotional, physical, and sexual abuse and a lack of proper care. Thousands of children who were sent to these ‘schools’ never returned home. The exact number of children who died may never be known and, devastatingly, many parents may never learn the truth of what happened to their children. The trauma experienced by survivors has devastating effects on their mental health and are transferred intergenerationally to their descendants. We must ensure survivors and their families have the necessary cultural supports, ceremonies and traditional medicines to help them heal.
The OFOVC acknowledges the harm done through the residential ‘school’ experience, we witness and honour the resilience and healing journey of the survivors and their families, and we commit to the ongoing process of reconciliation. We will continue to raise the voices of affected Indigenous peoples who seek fair treatment and respect for their rights in the criminal justice system.
If you need support at this time, please reach out to one of the helplines below:
- Indian Residential School Crisis Line: 1-866-925-4419
- Hope for Wellness Help Line: 1-855-242-3310
- Talk 4 Healing Help Line: 1-888-200-9997
Additionally, there are resources offered by various Indigenous communities, band offices and health centers.
Federal Ombudsman for Victims of Crime


In September 2013 at Conway Farms Golf Club in Lake Forest,Ill.,more than 130,000 golf enthusiasts gathered to watch 70 finalists play one of the oldest games around,hosted by one of the oldest golf organizations in the United States. The association has called on a tent rental company similar to Liri Tents to provide tenting for the event.
The company provided 65 tents for the tournament,totaling more than 100,000 square feet,including the BMW Owners’ Pavilion,which needed a unique look. For the pavilion,the tent rental a 15–by–25–meter Clear span tent,with custom glass on three sides,one hard–wall side,a thermo–inflatable roof,custom hard gutter system and custom valance around the top of the structure to establish client branding. The glass was installed horizontally to give the structure a unique cube–like look. The majority of the remaining tents had ceiling liners,and the crew installed glass walls and doors on many of the clear spans to give the clients clear sight lines of the tournament.
Tents company played a crucial role in the success of the event,but also set the standard of how tents company approach and bid specific golf tournaments. What’s worth mentioning is that,Liri Tents’ event tent,double decker tent also have been applied to golf events in the past.


Location: 458 Jackson Street, San Francisco, CA 94111
Call: 415 956-5620
Hours: Monday-Friday 10-5, Saturday 11-4
Founded in 1982 and located in the historic Jackson Square district of San Francisco.
We exhibit annually at the San Francisco Fall Antiques Show.
Daniel Stein Antiques is a member of the Art and Antiques Dealers League of America, Inc.; the Confederation Internationale Des Negociants en Oeuvres D’Art (CINOA); and the Antique Dealers Association of California (ADAC).
Primary Areas of Expertise
18th and 19th Century English Furniture, Works of Art and Scientific Instruments
- Books, Maps, Manuscripts & Historical Documents: Books & Manuscripts, Maps & Atlases
- Clocks and Scientific Instruments: Barometers, Bracket Clocks, Globes & Planetaria, Longcase Clocks, Miscellaneous, Nautical Instruments, Other Scientific Instruments, Wall & Lantern Clocks
- Decorative Objects: British, Continental (European), Other Cultures
- Furniture: American, Continental, English & Irish
- Lighting: Candelabra, Lamps, Miscellaneous Lighting, Wall Lights
- Paintings & Watercolors: 19th century European, British to 1840, Victorian
- Prints: Architecture, Birds, Botanicals, Landscapes, Military, Miscellaneous, Natural History, Sports & Games, Travel
- Silver: English & Irish Silver before 1900, Old Sheffield Plate


History of Walker County Title Company
Walker County Title Company was established in 1898 by A.T. Randolph who operated the company for over 35 years. In the 1930s E.R. Berry purchased Walker County Title Company. Mr. Berry came to Huntsville in 1918 to coach football at the local university, then known as Sam Houston State Teachers College. Following his coaching career, he opened an office on the square to practice law. In 1936, following a devastating fire that destroyed the building housing his law office, he joined with local attorney, Robert Smither, to form the law partnership of Berry & Smither, and shared ownership of Walker County Title Company until Berry’s death in 1968.
On January 1, 1970, Robert Smither sold a one-half interest in the title company to his law partner, Lloyd C. Martin. Lloyd C. Martin was a shareholder and active manager of Walker County Title Company until his passing in 2019. In 1972, the Walker County Title Company had an abstract plant built for San Jacinto County and began issuing title insurance in San Jacinto County. A few years later a partial interest in the title company was sold to Attorney James M. Haggard, who subsequently sold his share to Joe B. Henderson, Jr., who remains a partner in the law firm Smither, Martin & Henderson, P.C., and a shareholder in the title company. Hurlene Savage was originally employed by the Smither & Martin law firm in November, 1972, where she remained until March 1982 when she assumed management duties at Walker County Title Company. Alvin L. Martin, grandson of Lloyd C. Martin joined the law firm and became a shareholder in the title company in 2016. In 2020 Walker County Title Company opened an office in Madisonville doing business under the name of Mustang Title handling transactions in Madison and surrounding counties.
Currently Walker County Title Company is owned and managed by Joe B. Henderson, Jr., Hurlene Savage and Alvin L. Martin.
8am – 5pm
(Closed for lunch 12pm-1pm)
1224 University Ave
Huntsville, TX 77340


On October 28, 1995, Yehui Trading Company was founded in Daliang Jinbang Iron and Steel Center. From then on, Yehui began to make efforts on the business.
Since 1999, we have been awarded the title of "Guangdong Contract Abiding and Trustworthy Enterprise" by Guangdong Administration for Industry and commerce for many years.
In April 2000, through the merger and acquisition of "Chencun New Era Stainless Steel Company", we established "Yehui steel processing Co., Ltd.".
In 2002, Yehui moved into the new office building at Daliang Shunlide building.
In December 2005, "Yehui Welfare Mutual Fund" was established.
In 2006, we established a large Scania truck fleet to inprove the logistics distribution capacity.
In February 2008, Yehui was awarded the honor of "Enterprise with Annual Tax Payment of Over Ten Million Yuan" issued by Shunde District Government of Foshan City.
In October, 2008, the headquarters of Yehui was completed and put into operation.At the same time The "Yehui steel trade Co., Ltd. in Shunde District, Foshan" was renamed "Guangdong Yehui Steel Co., Ltd.".
In 2010, we awarded the title of "Key Supporting Enterprise of High Quality Enterprise Growth Project (Longteng enterprise)" by Shunde District government.
In February 2010, Masteel (Wuhu) material technology Co., Ltd., invested by Yehui Steel Co., Ltd., Masteel Co., Ltd. and Chery Automobile Co., Ltd., was established and put into operation.
In October 2010, the 15th anniversary celebration of Guangdong Yehui Steel Co., Ltd. was held.
In July 2015, we cooperated with Ouyeel to build the most dynamic steel service sharing ecosystem.
In October 2015, we cooperated with Opsteel and involved in the capital market.
On March 6, 2016, we had a grand ceremony to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Guangdong Yehui Steel Co., Ltd. as well as the 2016 Spring Festival.
From May 1, 2019 to August 10, 2019, the 100 day action of "reducing cost and increasing efficiency and promoting high quality development" has been carried out comprehensively.
In 2020,to fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, the company did a good job in epidemic prevention and control so that enterprises could resume work and production as soon as possible .
In 2020, we successfully held the "25th anniversary of Yehui Welfare Mutual Fund raising Party" .
2021 is the 100th anniversary of the Communist Party of China and the first year of the 14th five year plan. Wtih the spirit of "sanniu" ,all of out staffs adhere to the enterprise's business vision, implement the enterprise's mission and objectives, strive to move forward, work hard, develop and innovate, and work hard together to make the enterprise into a sustainable enterprise.
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Lübeck, Hamburg, Bremen – everybody knows the major hanseatic cities. The actual heartland of the German Hanseatic League, called "Hanse" in German (Old High German for regiment, retinue) is Westphalia. From the 12th century Westphalian and Lower Rhine traders, travelling to the Baltic Sea, settled in the Low German towns, including some from Münster, Soest, Dortmund - and Hattingen. Their articles of trade were mainly woolen cloths and imported Spanish wool.
From trade association to league of towns
The hanseatic merchants provided the Lower German town with economic and political power and they laid the foundation of the Hanseatic League, which consisted of 200 towns and developed into the most powerful economic force on German territory, during its blooming period, between the 12th and 16th century.
Founding town of the Westphalian Hanseatic League
In 1983, Hattingen und 19 other former Westphalian hanseatic towns in Hessen, Lower Saxony and Westphalia rekindled the Hanseatic League and signed the founding treaty of the Westphalian Hanseatic League – nowadays, with 48 hanseatic towns, the largest regional organisation of the Hanseatic League - Die Hanse.
Further details with regard to the history of the hanseatic town can be found on Hattingen.de
"Das Haus der grauen Mönche"
Hattingen as part of the Hanse – this is even material for a historical novel, written by the author Jan Zweyer. Here, in Hattingen in the late Middle Ages, is the setting of the medieval saga in three-parts Das Haus der grauen Mönche. And Hattingen is also the setting for the ending of the third part of Im Dienst der Hanse about the orphan Jorge von Linden in the year 1511.
His novel protagonist Jorge von Linden spends his childhood at the „Haus der grauen Mönche“ (house of the grey monks), a Dominican Order institution. The stone building that was constructed in the 15th century was probably near the St Georg church and the Kirchstraße until it was torn down in 1855.


LOT 2 Occoneechee Street, Hillsborough, North Carolina
LOT 2 Occoneechee Street, Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278 - In the heart of Historic Hillsborough. 1 block to the Hillsborough Recreational Center and Multi-purpose field at 302 W Tryon St. Just 3 blocks to shops and restaurants on the picturesque Churton St. Small town living in a progressive culturally diverse community. Historic District regulations available form the Town of Hillsborough. Jim Spencer Architects are available to discuss owner site plan. Historic District lots are rarely available.
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Listing Courtesy of Berkshire Hathaway HomeServices YSU


Inspiring British Women Who Changed The World
By working throughout disciplines, centuries and different colonial geographies, the volume makes an exciting and important contribution to the field by demonstrating the varied methods hot british girls during which European women shaped constructions of empire in the fashionable interval. The past 12 months have seen 22-12 months-old Dua Lipa go from lesser-known pop singer to stadium-filling star.
British Women In India
The movement began within the 1910s in the U.S. underneath Margaret Sanger and elsewhere underneath Marie Stopes. In the ultimate three a long time of the twentieth century, Western women knew a new freedom by way of birth control, which enabled women to plan their adult lives, often making means for each career and household.
British Mp Voices Her Support For The Duchess Of Sussex
Feminists in Ireland within the early 20th century included the revolutionary Irish Republican, suffragette and socialist Constance Markievicz who in 1918 was the first woman elected to the British House of Commons. However, according to Sinn Féin abstentionist policy, she would not take her seat in the House of Commons. She was additionally a commander of the Irish Citizens Army which was led by the socialist & self-described feminist, Irish leader James Connolly during the 1916 Easter Rising. Feminist cinema, advocating or illustrating feminist perspectives, arose largely with the development of feminist film principle in the late ’60s and early ’70s.
Kathryn Gleadle additionally highlights the central significance of understanding regional distinction in analysing women’s various experiences. By considering Ireland, Scotland and Wales, as well as England, the book explores new, and more delicate, chronologies of girls’s lives. This progressive text explains clearly the gendered dynamics of nineteenth-century Britain and the restrictions women confronted, whilst affirming the large contribution women made to modern tradition and society. International Women’s Day is all about loudly celebrating all women and girls across the globe. Unfortunately, nonetheless, many ladies with unbelievable stories which have paved the best way for us have by some means fallen underneath the radar, and aren’t being written about in history books, or mentioned in class school rooms.
Feminist legal scholars claim that this fails to acknowledge women’s values or authorized interests or the harms that they could anticipate or expertise. Feminist jurisprudence is a department of jurisprudence that examines the relationship between women and law. It addresses questions in regards to the historical past of legal and social biases against women and in regards to the enhancement of their legal rights. Reproductive rights within the U.S. centred on the courtroom choice in Roe v. Wade enunciating a lady’s proper to decide on whether or not to carry a pregnancy to term. Western women gained extra dependable contraception, allowing family planning and careers.
Indeed, as my research shows, history places women at the centre of the institution of Islam in Britain. And in their own different ways, these women took on roles of management and illustration. They lived at a time that was socially and culturally extraordinarily totally different from that of contemporary British Muslims. Yet the problems these women encountered of their apply of Islam, their negotiations with a number of patriarchies, and their every day lives are not unlike the issues around gender and mosque management debated in up to date Britain. Correspondence, journey writing, diary writing, portray, scrapbooking, curating, accumulating and home interiors allowed British women scope to specific their responses to imperial websites and experiences in the 18th, nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
She was buried in imported jewelry made from elephant ivory, alongside a mirror, a blue glass decanter, and numerous other valuable objects. To today, archeologists use her grave web site as proof that the society she lived in may have been a lot more ethnically various than mainstream history suggests. The emergence of the Riot Grrrl movement began in the early 1990s, when a gaggle of girls in Olympia, Washington, held a meeting to discuss the way to handle sexism in the punk scene. The women determined they needed to begin a ‘girl riot’ in opposition to a society they felt offered no validation of ladies’s experiences. Advocacy of equality of the sexes and the institution of the political, social, and economic rights of the feminine intercourse; the movement related to this.
For portraits, she most well-liked a large format 10×8 inch glass plate digital camera and pure lighting wherever potential. She additionally placed nice emphasis on the significance of an artistic approach. Monochrome platinum prints and autochromes in gentle colours produced formal but flattering images with a robust aesthetic which verged on the painterly. Although not a suffragette, she was one of many first feminine professional photographers to be elected as a Fellow of the Royal Photographic Society and was an energetic advocate of girls’s pictures. The downside to such new alternatives was the rise in numbers of individuals with venereal disease, Being, or having an illegitimate baby had been socially unacceptable then, besides, there was a huge improve in the number of kids born to single mothers through the warfare.
However, more and more specific intercourse schooling did mean that individuals ended the warfare far better informed about this subject than they might have in any other case have been. It was acceptable for girls to work outdoors the home if that they had no household to look after, however they have been paid lower than men were – even when doing the same jobs. Before the war, almost 5 million women within the United Kingdom had paid employment, however most would have expected to go away as soon as they married, or when they had their first youngster.
British Women’S Heart & Health Study (Bwhhs)
Astor also confronted backlash from her friends, together with Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who was not in favor of ladies coming into Parliament. (In his younger years, Churchill was against the campaign for female suffrage.) When Astor had taken her seat in Parliament, Churchill reportedly said he felt as if “a lady had come into my toilet and I had solely a sponge to defend myself with,” William Astor notes. A examine final yr by Amnesty International discovered that Labour politician Diane Abbott obtained virtually half of all abusive tweets despatched to feminine MPs in the run-up to the last basic election in 2017. “As a girl standing, it does make me fairly scared and anxious,,” says Sima Davarian, a candidate running to represent the Liberal Democrats in South West Devon. “There’s positively misogyny and nasty rhetoric.” Davarian says there are also different challenges women still face when making an attempt to enter into politics; proxy voting for MPs on parental leave was launched on a pilot scheme solely in January this yr.
Taking these productions as its archive, British Women and Cultural Practices of Empire, features a collection of essays from completely different disciplines that contemplate the role of British women’s cultural practices and productions in conceptualising empire. While such productions have began to obtain larger scholarly consideration, this quantity makes use of a extra self-conscious lens of gender to question whether female cultural work demonstrates that colonial women engaged with the areas and places of empire in distinctive methods.
The Buddhist feminist Rita Gross describes Buddhist feminism as “the novel apply of the co-humanity of women and men.” Feminist jurisprudence signifies a response to the philosophical strategy of recent authorized students, who sometimes see the law as a course of for decoding and perpetuating a society’s common, gender-neutral ideals.
The most streamed female artist in Britain last year, Lipa made Brits historical past in February, when she grew to become the first lady to obtain 5 nominations in a single night. Her hit “New Rules”, an anthem of female empowerment, laid out a blueprint for contemporary intercourse lives and has, to date, had more than a billion views on YouTube. More than a hundred years later, it was revealed that she was of North African descent. Now known as Ivory Bangle Lady, the woman’s grave indicated that she was among the many richest inhabitants of the area and enjoyed a excessive social status.
British And Irish Women’S Letters And Diaries
Buddhist feminism is a motion that seeks to improve the religious, legal, and social status of women inside Buddhism. It is a facet of feminist theology which seeks to advance and understand the equality of women and men morally, socially, spiritually, and in leadership from a Buddhist perspective.


Jane Mallett Theatre
Subscriptions for 3 concert series Available now!
Single tickets: $52,$40 Available Sep 16, 2013.
Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of Benjamin Britten's Birth
Peter Tiefenback, Music Director and Pianist
Composed for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953, Benjamin Britten's opera depicts the relationship between Queen Elizabeth I and the Earl of Essex.
Presented in English.


NO ONE IS AN ISLAND: Improving access and removing barriers to psychosocial oncology
Wander down the narrow, criss-crossing streets naturally carved by horse and carriage. Pass the colourful jellybean row houses wedged together, lining the sides of steep hills and hidden alleyways. Once you've meandered down to the harbour, look towards the Narrows and imagine a time when the waters were brimming with fishing schooners. And visit Quidi Vidi, the charming village-within-a-city, which embodies the spirit of an old fishing outport.
Hike up nearby Signal Hill through the Battery, where tiny colourful wooden homes cling valiantly to cliff-sides ravaged by ocean waves. The hill is home to the unmistakable, iconic Cabot Tower, a castle-like structure built to commemorate the 400th anniversary of John Cabot’s discovery of Newfoundland. It was here that Marconi famously received the first transatlantic wireless message in 1901.
From Cabot Tower you can look out over the cliffs and harbour to see a captivating skyline. Perched high on the horizon is The Rooms – home to an extensive collection of artifacts, art, and archival records – standing next to the striking twin clock towers of the Basilica Cathedral of St. John the Baptist.
Newfoundland and Labrador Tourism


Sam Jacks was North Bay’s first Recreation Director, assuming the post in 1948. For the next 27 years, he ran the Parks and Recreation Department, designing parks and organizing leagues and sports groups and making plans for the future. Recreation was a brand new field when he started and Jacks set many parameters both locally and provincially. He was a founder of the Society of Directors of Municipal Recreation of Ontario and served as its President in 1963 and 1964. Over the years he received a number of awards for his work from the provincial government and the provincial recreation association. He was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame in 2007. In 1963, Sam conceived the game of Ringette as a winter team sport for women and girls, when he realized there was really no winter on ice team sport for girls. The ultimate result was a sport which is played by thousands of girls and women across Canada and in the United States. The Canadian Ringette Association honoured Jacks by naming their Belle division championship trophy in his honour. Jacks also organized and wrote the rules for the sport of floor hockey. As well as setting up rules for games, he also designed and set up many of the flower beds that dot the city and had extensive plans for the development of the waterfront and other sports facilities.


Stretching towards the East between the Adriatic and the Ionian, this land arouses a feeling of elsewhere, of wonder.
Salento is not just a place to go in the summer to go to the beach, eat well and have fun.
This land between two seas is a treasure trove of nature, culture, art and history, accumulated by the centuries-old meeting and the passage of countless civilizations from both East and West.
Not only its "cultural" capital (Lecce) but also every small town along the coasts and inland, preserve treasures of art, history and nature.
There is not only the Lecce Baroque to admire, but also the small Romanesque churches almost forgotten in the small villages and countryside, the splendor of Byzantine frescoes preserved in underground crypts, the Norman mosaics in Otranto or the Renaissance paintings in Galatina.
And all this together with the dazzling coastline, the green of nature reserves and olive groves, the mystery of the ancient Messapian cities.
WHERE WE ARE
Sogliano Cavour is a small town in the province of Lecce in Puglia.
Located in the hinterland of the Salento peninsula, it is halfway between the Ionian Sea and the Adriatic Sea. Sogliano Cavour together with other municipalities such as Cutrofiano is part of the Grecìa Salentina, it is one of the thirteen villages of Terra d'Otranto that preserved the Greek language and traditions.
The name Sogliano derives from Solium Jani, since it is believed that the sun god and the god Janus were worshiped in the locality, Cavour instead was added after the annexation to the Kingdom of Italy in honor of the first President of the Council of Ministers of the new Kingdom and to distinguish itself from the Romagna municipality of the same name in the province of Forlì.
The main tourist attractions that can be visited in Sogliano Cavour are:
- the Mother church of San Lorenzo Martire dates back to the 15th century and owes its name to the Augustinian Fathers, founders of the local monastic complex of Sant'Agostino. In the mid-nineteenth century, with the increase in population, it was necessary to expand the building and the church took on its current appearance and size. The restructuring also determined the fusion of the ancient Baroque style with the new neoclassical style. The facade is simple and linear with a single entrance portal, the interior, in the shape of a Latin cross, develops with three naves separated by pillars that support round arches. Of great artistic interest are the ancient floor mosaic in the left aisle, the 18th century pipe organ and the polychrome wooden statue of San Lorenzo.
- the Church of Maria Santissima Annunziata, annexed to the Augustinian monastery, was completed in 1660 and was built on a complex of Basilian caves of which the crypt of the Madonna del Riposo remains, which is accessed via a staircase located on the side of the main altar. The church is rich in numerous paintings and altars, variegated, which portray, represent religious scenes, this church, although small, contains within it magnificent things that make it a real cultural asset for the small town of Sogliano Cavour.
- the Monastery of Sant'Agostino dates back to the first half of the 17th century. The building has a simple facade devoid of decorative elements and the rooms are distributed around the quadrangular cloister with portico and central cistern. The portico has four arches on each side and each arch rests on four linear columns. The monastery, which is now the seat of the Town Hall, has been owned by the municipality since 1 September 1867, following the law of suppression of religious orders.
- the Church of the Holy Souls of Purgatory stands on a complex of Basilian caves dedicated to San Trifone. The first plant dates back to the 13th century and subsequently the building was rebuilt between the end of the sixteenth and the early seventeenth century. With the demolition of the town's ancient city walls, it was enlarged and restructured in the first half of the nineteenth century. It has an essential facade with a sober portal and a mixtilinear rose window, the interior has a single room, without decorations, with a simple high altar and wooden statues.
There is also the Baronial Palace, built on a defensive structure of the 12th century and the Menhir Pilamuzza testimony of the civilizations of the Neolithic era.


Pope meets Christians who helped save Jews
Pope Francis strolls through the entryway of the previous Nazi German concentration camp of Auschwitz in Oswiecim, Poland, Friday, July 29, 2016. Pope Francis has strolled underneath the famous “Arbeit Macht Frei” door at Auschwitz, starting a solemn visit to the Nazi German concentration camp. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia) Pope Francis strolls through the entryway of the previous Nazi German concentration camp of Auschwitz in Oswiecim, Poland, Friday, July 29, 2016. Pope Francis has strolled underneath the infamous “Arbeit Macht Frei” door at Auschwitz, starting a dismal visit to the Nazi German concentration camp. (AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia)
Pope Francis has met with Christian Poles who took a chance with their lives to help Jews amid World War II.
One by one, the elderly Poles shook the pope’s hand, some kissing it. He gave a blessing in a little red box to every one.
The experience at Birkenau was the first run through a pope had met with a gathering of the purported “Exemplary Among the Nations.”
Israel’s Yad Vashem has perceived 6,620 Poles, more than from whatever other nation, as “Equitable.” That mirrors the way that Poland was home to the biggest Jewish people group in Europe before the Holocaust.
Not very many of the “Equitable” are as yet living. The survivors were regularly youngsters or youthful grown-ups who worked with their folks to help Jews.
Poland’s main rabbi has asked a penitential hymn within the sight of Pope Francis at Birkenau, a part of the notorious Auschwitz-Birkenau complex where Nazis murdered more than a million people, generally Jews.
Rabbi Michael Schudrich, initially from the United States, implored Psalm 130 in Hebrew, which begins: “From the profundities I have shouted out to you, O Lord.”
The petition was then perused in Polish by a cleric.
Amid the petitions, Francis caught his hands and bowed his head before a remembrance to the casualties.
The group of onlookers included Auschwitz survivors wearing striped scarves bringing out the clothing detainees were compelled to wear, and Poles who had spared Jews.
In the mean time, Pope Francis additionally met a gathering of survivors amid his visit to the previous German Nazi concentration camp of Auschwitz, shaking their hands, kissing them on the cheeks and stroking the leaders of some of them.
The meeting occurred Friday by the Auschwitz Death Wall, where prisoners, predominantly Polish resistance warriors, were executed.
A portion of the survivors made Francis offerings that were connected to their anguish. One offered a duplicate of a highly contrasting picture, showing he was in it.
Prior, a portion of the detainees told The Associated Press they were amped up for meeting the pope, an awesome power to them.


The Camino de Santiago de Compostela translated loosely into English means “the road of St. James along the path of the stars”. Camino is road, way or path, Santiago is an adaptation of the Hebrew name Jacob which later became the European name for James the Greater, who is the Christian Apostle buried in the great cathedral of Santiago. Compostela means way of the stars. The ancients who first paved this traditional pilgrimage route of initiation were recognizing the imprint of the starry heavens on the geography of the route. They felt the pathway resembled the Milky Way Galaxy, and established temples and shrines honoring various gods and goddesses along the way. With the arrival of the Roman Imperialist expansion, the pathway fell out of use as a pilgrimage, but became a major trade route. During this time, the Milky Way was seen as the compass, guiding travelers to their destination by pointing towards “the way.” The Camino was revived by Constantine the Great and his mother Helen as a path of initiation in the 4th Century CE. In the Eighth Century, Charlemagne had a vision of St. James which led him to the Camino. This event brought the pathway into the mainstream consciousness. It became a popular destination in the Middle Ages for those desiring a pilgrimage but for many reasons could not go to the Holy Land. Locals along the path constructed shrines, taverns and hostels to serve the pilgrim population. After the Reformation and Renaissance, the Camino fell into disuse. Starting in the 1980’s due to several books on the subject by famous authors such as Paulo Coelho and Shirley MacClain, the Camino has become more popular. In 1993, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) declared the French and Spanish Camino a World Heritage site. The modern pilgrim on the Camino embarks for various reasons, from a desire to see beautiful landscapes to personal discovery. For the past 15 years, nearly 200,000 people travel the Camino de Santiago de Compostela each year, and every one of these pilgrims has a unique experience that transforms them in expected and unexpected ways.


Proposed Route of the Bergeller Bahn
David Broomfield wrote a very comprehensive article in the Swiss Railways Society quarterly magazine, Swiss Express, for March 1993 on the history and proposed route of the Bergeller Bahn, with his permission, this page is an abridged version of that article.
The early history of the Bergeller Bahn is complex and confused, largely because of the number of promoters and the subsequent loss of plans and papers. The first idea was the result of a treaty signed by Switzerland with Germany and Italy permitting the construction of a transit route through the Gotthard. Before this Graubűnden had, since Roman times, been a favourite route between north and south and the local population did not want to lose the benefits this brought them. Unfortunately by the time they woke up to the threat the Gotthard route was going ahead. Furthermore it took 25 years to resolve the in-
Many early proposals for railways in Graubűnden envisaged a through route to Italy via the Maloja Pass, reached after crossing the centre of the Canton by way of the Sertig, Scaletta or Albula passes. A concession was granted by the Federal Government to Zschokke & Cie. Of Aarau for a narrow gauge route Chur -
By 1897 this concession had still not been exploited and it was given to the Landquart -
Alternative Routes for the Maloja Pass
The Maloja Pass today
The Route Described:
As at Scuol the exit track from St. Moritz was actually laid and crosses Via Serlas by a bridge before ending on a short embankment and acting as a head shunt. The line would then have entered a 1.6 Km tunnel before arriving at St. Moritz Bad. Keeping to the valley floor with beautiful views of the Upper Engadine it would have skirted the north side of Lake Champfer before reaching Silvaplana. It would have continued along the north shore of Lake Silvaplana and then swung southwards across the valley between the lakes, leaving the main road and crossing the Inn by a substantial iron bridge to arrive at Sils -
After Casaccia the river, which has now become the Maira, is crossed by a large bridge to allow the line to keep to the valley floor although many tunnels and bridges were still needed nearer to Vicosoprano. An alternative route map shows the line clinging to the western slopes of the valley. After Vicosoprano the Maira is crossed four times and another spiral tunnel is encountered before reaching Promotogno-
This assistance was chanelled into the Disentis and Scuol lines and the Bergell line was deferred. A change of heart came over the people who, on 10th November 1912, voted a subsidy of Sfr 700,000 and this enabled the RhB to send engineers into the valley to evaluate the possibilities. Italy and Austria, seeing themselves at the opposite ends of a through route, Chiavenna to Landeck were very interested in the proposals, ostensibly for commercial reasons but more realistically for military purposes. It would have enabled them to support each other in the event of war. For similar reasons the Swiss military were not in favour of the proposals. This was the situation when war broke out and all work on the Bergeller Bahn was stopped.
The route was never finalised though some details of the project are available albeit with contradictions. Pre-
After the war ended Italy and Austria showed no more interest in the line but the local communities, now aware of the railway and the tourists it would bring, were very keen to contribute. But it was too late, despite several attempts to revive the project, the RhB shared in the world’s economic crises and in 1936 the RhB no-
Gradient profile of an early scheme. This was part of the Scalettabahn and had a maximum gradient of 4.5%
Page updated 13th August 2018 © www.maloja.co.uk 2019
The head shunt at St. Moritz station -


During the 90 years of the Club's colourful existence, time and man have eroded the sandhills, but the memories and friendships are as durable as the rocky cliffs.
The name Curl Curl was probably an accidental variation of the same Aboriginal term "Curial Curial" which referred to the passage of man on the river of life.
Curl Curl appeared on the parish map as early as 1842 but it did not refer to the area north of Harbord, known as Curl Curl today.
Among the earliest settlers in the area about 1890 were the Sayce family who resided in Abbott Road opposite where the Youth Club and playing fields now are.
The beach in those early days had to be reached by a bush track and was very secluded, and regarded as reasonably safe.
In 1921 after heavy rain, the lagoon which was over 300 yards wide in places,and contained an enormous volume of water when at its peak. When the sand bank at the entrance was washed away, this huge volume of water would rush seawards. It was this pressure of water which washed the boy Pfeiffer from Harbord, out to sea.
It was then that the people of Nth Curl Curl decided that we should have a surf club and a meeting was called at Mr. Macklins place in Surf Road and a club was duly formed.
In those days the lagoon reached back to Harbord Road and when full was very deep in parts. Children used to sail canoes and boats on the lagoon, which was very clean and almost entirely sand bottomed.