The Rolex Air-King pays homage to the pioneers of flight and the Oyster’s roles in the marvelous story of aviation. With its 40mm case in Oyster steel, distinctive black dial, solid-link Oyster bracelet with Oyster clasp, and, the Air-King perpetuates the aeronautical heritage of the original Rolex Oyster.
The Rolex Air-King, for most of its history, was the most straightforward and least expensive Rolex. With no date, a 100 m water-resistant case, a chronometer certification, and a screw-down crown, it had every significant feature that makes a Rolex a Rolex.
The king of the air - Rolex Air-King was incepted to honor the British fighter pilots during World War II. This understated watch, with a dial that was considered to be rather significant back in the day, allowed fighter pilots to read the time in any situation quickly. It features a distinctive design, hence the Air-King still enjoys great popularity today and is an ideal entry-level model Rolex watch.
|Model Year||2006-current Modern Rolex|
|Case Size||40 mm|
|Dial Markers||Custom Diamonds|
|Band Material||Stainless Steel|
|Bracelet Type||Heavy: New Style|
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The Avenue of the Americas Association was created in response to a city proposal in 1921 to transfer the Sixth Avenue El from the roadbed to sidewalks. A group of Sixth Avenue property owners united because they anticipated the subways columns would restrict pedestrian traffic. The fight to block the transfer was a success. As a result the owners realized the value of acting as a group and thus formed the Sixth Avenue Association.
The first order of business was a campaign for the demolition of the Sixth Avenue EL. The Association’s vision was to recapture the prestige the Avenue once enjoyed. In 1924, work began to remove the northern section of the El from 53rd to 59th Streets. As tracks were being torn down, plans were being developed to replace old buildings with high-rise structures that included hotels, offices and apartments. Construction on Rockefeller Center began in 1930 and the first building was completed in 1932. Fourteen more buildings were completed in 1939 and an additional three by 1963.
In 1934, the Association proposed to Mayor LaGuardia “to build the Sixth subway now and put people to work.” The new subway opened in 1940 with Mayor LaGuardia and John D. Rockefeller Jr. at the controls of the first train.
With these major achievements, the Association then turned its attention toward further enhancements for the Avenue’s businesses, workers and visitors. These accomplishments include:
- Upgraded zoning
- Redesign and rehabilitation of Bryant Park
- Substitution of buses for trolley cars
- Improved lighting for pedestrian and vehicular traffic
- Renamed Sixth Avenue “Avenue of the Americas” to better reflect the grandeur of the reconstructed Avenue
The Avenue of the Americas Association continues to address business operations and quality of life issues such as:
- Working with city officials on the major reconstruction of the Avenue
- Initiating widening the Avenue’s sidewalks by three feet to accommodate increasing pedestrian traffic
- Contributing $25,000 to the NYC Fire Department for the construction of its fire Safety Learning Center at Rockefeller Center
- Donating $60,000 to the NYC Police Foundation toward the purchase of 18,000 bullet proof vests
- Contributing $10,000 for the purchase of computerized tracking equipment installed at both Midtown North and Midtown South Police Precincts
- Donated $15,000 to Museums located along the Avenue during the city’s current budget cuts


Hello, my name is Jamie. I hail from Montreal, Canada.
I am doing some historical research on my great uncle Frederick Albert Duquette who was a Flight Sergeant for the RAF 272 Squadron based in Malta during WW II.
He sadly perished along with his radio observer Arthur W Johnson on a return trip from Egypt crashing in the Mediterrean on May 8th, 1943 30 miles off the island’s coast in rough weather.
A fair bit of material has been uncovered up to now. This includes a cache of letters, flight log book, medals, pictures and documents that were thought to have been lost forever. Added to these would be his official service record from Archives Canada and in the UK, the Malta Aviation Museum, military researchers in Malta and elsewhere, internet searches and correspondence from a member of his RAF Squadron and other acquaintances.
Although my research is primarily genealogical I wish to advise your firm of the possible location of his plane wreckage off the island of Malta based on the best available evidence from the search and rescue operation and May 1943 crash report.
To your knowledge has anyone ever done any deep sea fishing in this area or side scans dives?
Latitude 35°47'39.43"N, Longitude 14°42'59.57"E This was the rough location where some debris and a dinghy were found.
Depth approx 350-400 feet (I’m no deep sea diver but I know this is quite deep for tanks!)
Does anyone know if any nets have got caught in this area?
I am aware of another Beaufighter that crashed in March 1943 piloted by Canadian Donald Frazee which is a popular dive spot in a lot shallower water but not near the above location.
I have attached some download links with a breakdown of information regarding his flight and the crash report if you are interested.http://www.4shared.com/document/vL171kDP/TRIP___SEARCH_AND_RESCUE_STUDY.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/zur7Vb9x/REPORTS_ON_THE_EVENTS_OF_05081.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/rhpR9IZR/272_squadron_jan-may_1943_pt1.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/U4hi2Wkk/272_squadron_jan-may_1943_pt2.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/T4f2sqgb/272_squadron_jan-may_1943_pt3.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/_7L0q4La/272_squadron_jan-may_1943_pt4.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/iLwpzK8c/272_squadron_jan-may_1943_pt5.htmlhttp://www.4shared.com/document/Zev-_xy8/272_squadron_jan-may_1943_pt6.html
Perhaps I am out of my element in this regard. In any case I thought I should pass on the information for your perusal.
Thank you for your time.
Sincerely yours, Jamie aka Theramin


A historic Elimination Chamber dual contract signing turned volatile
In a historic first, Renee Young moderated a dual contract signing for Sunday’s Elimination Chamber pay-per-view, in order to make official both the SmackDown Women’s Championship Match between Alexa Bliss and Naomi and a contest between Mickie James and Becky Lynch.
Young was smart enough to stay out of the way … and, well, she was wise to do just that. While Mickie and Becky traded insults over who was the better competitor, Bliss and Naomi each continued to attempt to get the mental advantage over the other ahead of their championship clash. This all led to the inevitable melee between these combustible elements, which eventually saw the Naomi and Lynch tandem stand tall as they sent Bliss and James heading for the hills.


The Old Lyme Inn building was constructed circa 1865 by the Champlain family. The 300-acre-estate was a working farm until the Connecticut Turnpike construction began in the early 1950s.
It once housed a riding academy, where Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis reportedly took lessons. At the turn of the century, many of Old Lyme's famous impressionist artists hauled their painting wagons into the beautiful fields and Connecticut woodlands behind the Inn. The Inn's barn also served as a studio for artists from the Florence Griswold.
When the turnpike arrived, the Champlain family home was sold and ultimately became the Barbizon Oak Inn.
The Inn was named after the Barbizon School of painters, as well as the 300-year-old Oak tree located on a hill behind the Inn property.
It was a friendly establishment with rooms for boarding. In 1965, the building endured a major fire that ultimately closed the Barbizon Oak. With its staircase and interior walls destroyed and not replaced, it passed through the hands of new owners several years later that ultimately restored the building and deemed it the Old Lyme Inn.


BUSINESS LICENSE FEES
PROPOSED 2023 BUDGET
HELP SAVE THE HISTORY OF OUR OLDER LOCAL CHURCHES
Historic Rural Churches of Georgia (hrcga.org) is a website dedicated to preserving the history of older churches in rural areas and small towns of Georgia. Please see their work at the website above to see the local churches on their site.
If you know of a mostly original church, over 100 years old, with a cemetery (early 1800s grave is a plus) please contact Richard Hillman at 706-833-8964 or firstname.lastname@example.org.
This will help ensure the history of these local churches are preserved for generations to enjoy.


We are in Benalmadena Pueblo
This castle is a monument that tells the epic stone with his discovery of a new world, so-called AMERICA. Was COLON, who with his great faith, presented to the Catholic Monarchs his plan to travel to the west to reach the Indies. That was his dream.
COLON was a great navigator, illustrated in geography, astronomy, Scripture, mathematics, humanities, etc.. He wrote in classical Latin and Castilian beautiful.


Honey from Bavaria from the regional beekeeper
Honey - natural and not heat-treated - is a valuable food and remedy. Already in the antiquity with the Egyptians and Greeks it was considered as precious medicine. As a natural remedy, it has an important place in folk medicine up to the present day.
A particularly gentle extraction, processing and storage of honey is crucial for the preservation of the valuable and healing ingredients and flavors.


The civil parish of Kimblesworth and Plawsworth is located approximately four miles to the north of Durham City. The old route of the A1 (now the A167) passes through it from north to south. In area, the parish measures 3 miles (east to west) by around 1-1.5 miles (north to south), bordering the B6532 to the west and the River Wear to the East. The parish contains the villages of Nettlesworth, Kimblesworth, Plawsworth and the hamlet of Plawsworth Gate, as well as a few streets in Sacriston - Daleside, Westhills Close and the new development at Monkswood, Cross Lane - all situated approximately one mile to the west of Nettlesworth.
Understood to date from the sixteenth century, the hairdresser's shop is one of the oldest buildings in the parish
While the existing village of Kimblesworth grew in the late 1800s around a colliery which closed in 1967, there was an earlier settlement, understood to have been a “plague village”, also called Kimblesworth, situated to the south of the existing village on land which currently is part of Witton Gilbert civil parish. It is also perhaps worth mentioning here that, to the far east of the parish, there is evidence of a Bronze Age settlement . More recently, residents of West Nettlesworth opted to become part of Kimblesworth and Plawsworth parish allegedly because its precept was lower than that of Sacriston parish! A more detailed history of the parish can be found by following the link:
Administratively the parish is part of North Durham parliamentary constituency and Durham County, where it is part of Sacriston ward, represented by two county councillors. The civil parish itself is split into three wards: Kimblesworth, which has two representatives, Plawsworth, which includes Nettlesworth, and has seven representatives, and West Nettlesworth (which is physically part of Sacriston, but lies within the parish) which has two representatives. Kimblesworth ecclesiastical parish is represented separately by a parochial church council (PCC) of around ten members.
Kimblesworth Parish Church
It is thought that Plawsworth is likely to be Anglo-Saxon in origin. Plawsworth (also referred to as Plausworth) is noted in the Boldon Book of 1183 as being the property of Simon Vitulus. Vitulus was himself noted as attending the great hunt with two hunting dogs.
Historic accounts provide details of later medieval owners of land in the area including a family that took the name, Plawsworth, and Richard Kellow, one of the Prince Bishops. Historic accounts detail other landowners in the later medieval period. On 16 February 1769, articles of agreement were settled for the dividing and enclosing of the town fields of Plawsworth.
By the mid-20th Century great development had occurred in Plawsworth, with the building of new dwellings to the south of Plawsworth Grove and the construction of two dwellings to the west of the village; Whitegates and Thorne. The alteration of the main road, by now designated as the A1, avoiding the now Blacksmiths Cottages (formerly the Smithy), provided the scope for the development of Darley Court.
Demography and Social
The total population of the parish is roughly 1700  living in around 1100 homes. The influences of both the mining community and a rural past are clear in terms of the personal experiences and outlook of many of the individuals and families living here, as well as the tangible differences in wealth between the different villages.
Since the closure of the mines, the villages have largely become dormitories in terms of employment and a gradual, but clear, diminishing of local facilities. While not overly endowed in this respect, the parish does manage to hold on to a primary school, a village store with a post-office, community centre, Anglican parish church, hairdresser’s shop, cricket club and, lately, an embroiderer and a tattoo parlour and a community cafe. There is still one pub next to the A167 and also a filling station. The parish is also home to three institutions concerned with social care, as well as a few light industrial works (a roofing contractor and automotive spray shop) in the old colliery area.
The Lodge at Southill Hall
Railway Viaduct at Mill Lane
 Sherlock, S. (2010) “An Examination of Late Prehistoric Settlement in North East England with Specific Emphasis on the Settlements of the Tees Valley”, PhD thesis, University of Leicester.
 Office of National Statistics (2019) 'Parish population estimates for mid-2001 to mid-2019 based on best-fitting of output areas to parishes.
http://kimblesworth.ecbstaging.net/home/home.asp (cricket club)


Our good friends the Magnus Vikings Association are launching Blood of the Norse, a booklet about the Magnus Vikings Association, tomorrow at Down County Museum at 3pm.
Other Posts You Might Like:
The MVA has a strong and long standing association with the Haakonson Viking Group from Bergen in Norway. The Norwegians regularly attend the Magnus Barelegs Festival
The first of the Magnus Viking Association’s television roles was in Channel 4’s “The Worst Jobs In History”, hosted by Tony Robinson
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The Loire Valley, the Garden of France, is a grand old storybook waiting to be opened. The pages of years gone by are populated by larger-than-life characters — from artisans and peasants to barons and ladies. Their adventures centred around fine estates, such as Château Villandry, medieval villages and ancient vineyards.
Today, the captivating stretch occupied by our Bich estate, and the bordering Vuitton and Guerlain family estates, is known as the golden triangle. Strike out from Les Bordes and author the new pages of this historical narrative. Develop the story through your culinary explorations, across famous vineyards and in bustling regional markets. Because the tale is far from over.


BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Rear Admiral Roy F. Hoffmann, Chairman
Larry Thurlow, President
Van Odell, Secretary
Weymouth D. Symmes, Treasurer
Virgil A. “Virg” Erwin, Board Member
Ernest J. “Bud” Kittle, Board Member
Captain Charley Plumly, USN, Ret., Board Member
Rear Admiral Roy F. Hoffmann, USN, Ret., a native of Missouri, served in the United States Navy from April 1943 to August 1978. During his long and distinguished career he served on eight ships and commanded four. He is a three-war veteran of World War II, Korea and Vietnam. During the Vietnam War he was Commander Task Force 115, the largest Navy task force in Vietnam. TF 115 included all Swift boats, U.S. Coast Guard cutters, surveillance aircraft, assigned naval gunfire support ships and mine sweepers. Admiral Hoffmann’s commission was issued at the University of Notre Dame, and he holds a BS degree in chemistry from the University of Nebraska and an MS in International Affairs from George Washington University. In 2004 he founded and served as Chairman of Swift Boat Veterans and POWs for Truth. He is married to Mary Linn Hoffmann; they have five daughters and reside in Richmond, Virginia.
Larry Thurlow was born and raised in western Kansas. He graduated from Fort Hays State University in January of 1965. He entered OCS in Newport in November 1965 and was commissioned as an ensign in April of 1966. During the Vietnam War he served aboard the USS Princeton (LPH 5) and was Officer in Charge of PCF 10 operating out of An Thoi (Coastal Division 11) from 1968–69. Mr. Thurlow and his wife Patty reside in Bogue, Kansas and have three grown children.
During the Vietnam War Van Odell served as a gunner’s mate on PCF 93 on the rivers and canals of the Ca Mau Peninsula. Mr. Odell is a graduate of Oklahoma State University and spent 21 years as an international exploration geologist. He is active in scouting and was a professional Scouter for the Boy Scouts of America. Mr. Odell owns and runs a custom furniture business in Katy, Texas, where he and his wife Sheila live.
Weymouth D. Symmes enlisted in the U.S. Navy in 1966. He served two years aboard the attack aircraft carrier USS Ticonderoga (CVA 14), completing two Far East Cruises to Vietnam. In 1969 he served as LPO aboard PCF 56 in the rivers and canals of the An Thoi area of operations in Vietnam. Mr. Symmes holds BA and MA degrees from the University of Montana. He is a retired banker from Missoula, Montana. He was one of the founders and first treasurer of the Swift Boat Sailors Association and served as treasurer for Swift Boat Veterans and POWs for Truth. He and his wife Terry split their time between Montana and Arizona.
Virgil A. Erwin III comes from a career Navy family. He served in the U.S. Navy from 1966–1970 as a commissioned officer. He served as Officer in charge of PCF 67 in Cat Lo, Vietnam from 1968–69. Mr. Erwin retired as Vice President, Worldwide Sales, for Entegris, Inc. He is a Board Member of the Swift Boat Sailors Association and the Vietnam Unit Memorial Fund. Mr. Erwin and his wife Jacqueline live in San Diego, California.
Ernest J. “Bud” Kittle is a Texas native. He enlisted in the U.S. Navy in September 1966 and served one year on the attack transport USS Montrose (APA 212). After a posting to Vung Tau, Vietnam, Mr. Kittle volunteered for Swift boats. He served aboard Swift boats in Cat Lo, Vietnam from July 1968 to July 1969. After completion of his military service Mr. Kittle graduated from Abilene Christian University with a degree in Criminal Justice and a minor in English. Mr. Kittle spent 30 years in law enforcement with the Dallas police department and the San Patricio County Adult Probation and Sheriff's Office. He and his wife Janie reside in Rockport, Texas and have two grown children.
Captain Charley Plumly, USN, Ret., a Maine native, graduated from the U.S.Naval Academy in 1955 and served 25 years in the surface navy. Fourteen of those years were spent at sea with nearly ten years in command of various classes of ships. In 1968, he served as Adm. Hoffmann's Deputy, in TF 115 in Vietnam. Captain Plumly served on the Steering Committee of the Swift Boat Veterans and POWs for Truth during and after the 2004 election. He and his wife Sibyl now enjoy retirement in their cabin in the beautiful mountains of North Georgia. Both their children and families reside in Atlanta.


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Well...can an "innocent" topic like fashion be "nazi"? In Augsburg we learned yes, easily ! Really impressive our filming at the German Textile Museum for Yesterday Channel/UK. Historian, book author and journalist Guy Walters researched made and strategies of German fashion industry that prepared themself for an upcoming war. I did preproduction research, scheduling and fixing the filming in Germany. The scenes will be part of a 6 episodes documentary series "Nazi victory – the post war plans" aired internationally starting with Yesterday UK as well AMC US.


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01623 624505 - firstname.lastname@example.org
The Practice was founded in 1866 by William Bryan, within sight of the famous ‘Centre Tree’ on Mansfield’s Westgate. By 1902, Mr Bryan had been joined by Solicitor Frank Armstrong.
Frank Armstrong’s son was fortuitously named Philip Bryan Armstrong and qualified to join the firm in 1931. The Practice continued to thrive and in 1977 Bryan and Armstrong refurbished The Old Meeting House on Stockwell Gate.
In July 1989 Bryan and Armstrong moved into new offices known as the New Meeting House on Station Street. In the summer of 2014 Bryan and Armstrong completed works which created additional office space in this building which enabled the firm to offer more efficient and accessible services to its clients.
Bryan and Armstrong also has a small outreach facility based in Edwinstowe House, Edwinstowe where clients from further north in Nottinghamshire such as Edwinstowe, Ollerton, etc can arrange appointments as needed for their convenience.
Information relevant to running your business, property and employment.
Legal issues to consider for you and your family.


Waratah Brickyard 1886 – 1969
Storekeeper David Watson established a brickyard in 1886 on the site where Kmart is now located.
Brickmaking was a thriving industry in the late 1800s and David Watson saw it as a business opportunity.
The site’s famous smokestack was built in 1913, and in 1925 the old steam boiler was replaced by an electric turbine. The brickworks changed hands a number of times and by 1950 it was owned by W.H.Hudson, who further developed the site and increased production.
The last batch of bricks were baked in December 1969 and the brickworks closed down, to make way for the building of a new Kmart on the site.
The Waratah Brickyard featured a large and substantially built brick kiln, one of the best in the district, capable of burning a large number of bricks at the same time.
The large smokestack carried off the smoke from the entire site, and was the subject of many complaints to the Council over the years.
The smokestack was demolished in March 1970, much to the delight of the people of Waratah, who were looking forward to their new Kmart being completed.
A large crowd gathered to see the demolition of the smokestack, and cheered when it collapsed.
Brickyard smokestack demolition 1970
Local sculptor Ms Julie Squires was commission by the centre owners to create a bronze art work that represented the old brickworks which occupied the site and the many workers associated with what once was a major industry which played a vital part in the development of Newcastle.
Christmas Lights will be switched on every evening from Friday the 3rd of November.
Waratah Village is excited to bring Santa and his helpers to meet and greet you this Christmas
3 hour free parking for 489 vehicles
Free WiFi available throughout Waratah Village Shopping Centre
Golden milestone for Waratah iconKmart 1970 - 2020 Waratah...
There are few moments in life that surpass the perfection of sitting quietly and reading a great book.
If you are a frequent visitor to the Waratah Village shopping centre, you may have seen some activity in the car park.


Picardy. Part Two.
Picardy. Part Two. The Somme.
The narrow, rural roads and field-side tracks mean that a ‘cross bike is ideal for touring the Somme battlefield. We spent an afternoon riding around, visiting memorials and cemeteries. We could have occupied ourselves for a lot longer. It is a sombre sort of tour, only to be expected given the nature of the history here, but absolutely fascinating.
We started with a visit to the informative 1916 museum in Albert. The displays are housed in the crypts underneath a church, used by the British during WW1, but a few miles behind the front line. Heading out of the tunnels we found it was lunchtime and, being France, nothing was open. When in France, eat at McDonald’s, it seems.
From Albert I wanted to head to the Memorial to the Missing of the Somme at Thiepval, but a diversion on the Albert-Bapaume road took us in a random direction. Eventually I worked out that we were close to the Welsh memorial at Mametz. This is where the day became emotional for me. The fight for Mametz wood was ultimately just one bloody skirmish in the story of slaughter that is the Somme, but standing at the dragon’s feet, staring at the wood 100m away and imagining what happened 99 years ago made me shiver. Following in the footprints of the Welsh troops, crossing the field and entering the wood and then seeing the endless shell-holes made me shed tears. I later found out that my great-grandfather fought his way through that hell. How did anybody survive that maelstrom, and how did they hold onto their sanity? Tracks head off in various directions through the wood. It feels vaguely disrespectful to ride there but a great way to explore.
We then rode to Thiepval where the Lutyens-designed memorial dominates the ridge. I have been to the Menin Gate at Ypres before and found myself unable to speak because of the unbearable sadness of the place. Thiepval didn’t have the same emotional impact, maybe because we were unable to get close due to the work being carried out around it. It is impressive, nevertheless.
Finally we pedalled out to Beaumont-Hamel, the Canadian memorial. I had read that within the grounds were unrestored trenches. As familiar as I am with WW1 history, I was staggered by how complex and extensive the trench system was. We only spent a short time at Beaumont-Hamel. We could have occupied half a day walking around the grounds.
I am glad I spent a day touring the Somme. The bike added to the quietude – no coach tours, no tourist hordes, just my girls and me trying to answer a simple question. Why?
If you go, there are suggested cycle-tours in various places on the web, but you can head in many directions to learn about the battle. Prepare to be saddened and perhaps, hopefully, to rage at the futility of war.


The Monroe Community College Faculty Association (FA), NYSUT/AFT Local #2842, is the union representing teaching and professional employees at Monroe Community College.
The Faculty Association has been the exclusive bargaining agent for teaching and professional staff since 1968.
The Faculty Association was organized on March 27, 1968 under the Public Employees Relations Act of 1968 (Taylor Law).
Prior to its formal organization under the Taylor Law in 1968, the FA was operational as early as 1964. Dana Woodbridge, of the English-Philosophy Department, was the first Chairman pro tem of the Faculty Association.


William Hogarth: Enthusiasm Delimited / Credulity, Superstition and Fanaticism
Enthusiasm Delineated, the only important print of this relatively barren period; probably sparked by Reynolds' three Idler essays (Nos. 76, 79, 82) published in 1759, in which bc praised the Italian Counter-Reformation masters for their sublimity in a way which could not but give offence to Hogarth's staunch Anglican principles.
The print remarried unpublished until 1762, when it was offered as Credulity, Superstition and Fanaticism, the religions attack on Roman Catholicism and Methodism now merged into a general satire of credulity, and made into a companion piece to the 1736 Sleepy Congregation, revised for the occasion.
Enthusiasm Delineated, an exercise in Hogarth's early emblematic style, is not as graphically powerful it is just as nihilistic. On the face of it, it is an attack on the Methodists and their efforts to reach out to the heathen masses. Showing a Methodist Tabernacle with a demented preacher in full rant.
It seeks to persuade us that their characteristic "enthusiasm" a derogatory 18th century term meaning an excess of emotion consisted of nothing more than over-fermented sexual and religious excitement. The Methodists were bad enough, but the problem was that in one form or another "enthusiasm" was everywhere. The Jesuit tonsure peeping out from under the preacher's wig was a reminder that the Papists were still in business; the puppets in the preacher's hand were a reminder that false art flourishing.
More generally, Enthusiasm Delineated is suffused with the dismay Hogarth felt at developments in the larger political and intellectual spheres. He should have warmed to Pitt, but there were too many parallels with Wesley and he was unhinged by the "charismatic hero-leader." He would have been baffled by Reynold's suggestion that: "One may safely recommend a little more enthusiasm in the modern Painters; too much is certainly not the vice of the present age."
Hogarth's friends persuaded him not to issue this print. Ostensibly an attack on Methodism, it was so vehement and painted with such a broad brush it could well be read as an attack on Christianity or, God forbid, God. It did not, however, go to waste. In 1762 he published a completely re-worked version; it was still an assault on the absurd excesses of Methodism, but the more dangerous theological images were replaced by hot-off-the press references to the scandal of the Cock Lane Ghost in which a young girl had gulled half of London.
Horace Walpole opined that this print, "surpassed all," Hogarth's performances and "would immortalize his unequaled talents."
Road, Guildford, Surrey GU1 1QD
Tel / Fax: 044 (0) 1483 301416


Every day, I get glimpses of the erasure of Americans of color. My May 8, 2020, New York Times arts section (“For a Great Escape, Try a 1940s Musical”) describes the era when White movie stars like Fred Astaire and Shirley Temple danced in blackface to tap and jazz, trained by African American dancers who could appear in Hollywood films only in stand-alone scenes that could be cut out when the films were shown in the South.
In the same issue, I learn of another erased American of color, Thomas McKeller, the elevator operator whose “tautly muscled body” was sketched in charcoal by John Singer Sargent, serving as the basis of the artist’s gods and heroes murals. In the final painting, McKeller’s African American facial features were no longer visible: they’d been replaced by “classic” Greek and Roman features, hair, and skin.
The very next day, the Times runs “A Killing Sheds Light on the Fear of ‘Running While Black,” about Black joggers who call out greetings or flash smiles to White passersby, so as not to be feared, knowing their individuality is unlikely to be seen. As one runner puts it: “I don’t know who taught me that, but I know it’s required, and that’s really sad.”
Three days later, the Boston Globe reports that due to the COVID19 pandemic, Boston officials have finally (but temporarily) dropped the entrance exam to their three prestigious public high schools, a test based not on what is covered in Boston lower schools, but rather on what’s covered in private (“independent”) lower schools. Another erasure, this time of Black and brown youth, who are, largely for this reason, less likely to glean entrance to Boston’s “exam schools.”
The next day, I see a public TV documentary on Asian American history, including how Chinese laborers who built much of our country’s first transcontinental railway were excluded from the famous 1869 photograph of the final “Golden Spike,” joining East and West coast tracks, just as during and after World War II, the more than 1 million Black soldiers were left out of World War II news broadcasts lauding “American soldiers’” bravery. Decades later, the Department of Defense commissioned a documentary about Black soldiers’ WW I! contributions, but nixed Black filmmaker William H. Smith’s inclusion of soldiers’ frank accounts of racism. That full reality can finally be seen, thanks to Smith’s independently produced “The Invisible Soldiers – Unheard Voices.”
And now, because of the global visibility of the excruciating near 9-minute knee-on-neck murder of George Floyd, what’s been invisible, especially to whites like me, has been revealed. We are finally seeing and feeling our country’s intransigent, institutionalized, inhumane and intolerable racial inequity. We can all be part of uncovering what’s hidden, to insure that people of color, now and in the past, are no longer erased.


Received the golden award from the Government Trading Corporation
Milling capacity of 600 tons per day with Buhler technology
Producer of wheat flour for bread, biscuit, noodles, spaghetti, starch and cake
Over 60 years of experience: Established in 1954, Atlas Flour Mills was the first flour producer in the city of Esfahan,Iran.
World War II and the increase in the population of the country resulted in more demand. As a response, we established the first flour mill of Esfahan in 1949. At that time, we had so many limitations; To grind the wheat, we were using rotating stones powered by the diesel engine of a bus.
Esfahan Ard Atlas Company was the first factory in Isfahan Province, which used roller mill systems. It started its operations in 1954 so it has more than six decades experience in the flour industry. Atlas Flour Factory, with a long history in the flour industry, operated with its former lines until 2000, but the new lines of this company were put into operation in July 2005 with the relocation of the factory and the replacement and installation of Swiss Buhler technology.The current capacity of this company in two production lines is 600 tons per day and in terms of winnowing systems, storing and production, all diagrams are based on Buhler design. Silos storing wheat are made of galvanize and are produced by Westeel Company (Canada). These silos have aeration, temperature control, capability of storing different types of wheat and combining them to produce different flour in controlled and standard conditions. Producing different flours according to latest standards, this company has the potential to offer its products to markets.


"Human beings celebrating Earth Day is like Chris Brown celebrating Rihanna Day." - Neal Brennan
Photos via Flickr (credits on the picture)
So today I went to the red carpet at the MTV Movie Awards and Sam Claflin skipped by saying “sorry I can’t stop, I’m late and I’ve got to mush on through.”
“Acting is fun and I refuse to get involved in the semantics and the politics of strategy and breaking out of something or doing something because you need to do something else. For me it’s all about what fuels my soul and if I’m passionate about a screenplay then that’s what I’ll do next.”
The Field of Fire
King Loren of the Rock had joined forces with King Mern of the Reach in an attempt to throw the Aegon’s men back. Between the two kings they had roughly 55,000 men, of which 5,000 were mounted knights. Aegon had a fifth of that number, mostly conscripts from previous conquests. The two armies met on a field in the Reach.
Jon Mooton of Maidenpool, one of the first lords to come over to the Targaryens, was given command of the Targaryen army. The field which the battle was fought on was quite dry that day. The allies charged and started to break the Targaryen lines. But then all three Targaryen dragons took to the air and began to set the field aflame on all sides, especially downwind of the allies while Mooten was upwind. Of the allies, 4,000 died in the fire while 10,000 men suffered burns. Of the Targaryens less than 100 were lost while Visenya took an arrow to the shoulder.
It was the only time in the conflict that all three of the Targaryen dragons took to the battlefield at the same time. Between Vhaghar, Meraxes and Balerion they killed four thousand men outright, burning them alive. King Mern died, with him House Gardner. The army was broken and Aegon I was victorious.
Paintings in details : Pastels, part I.


Celebrate our 16th Goodtime banjo anniversary!
The limited edition Goodtime "Sweet 16" banjo commemorates the introduction of this popular Deering series in 1996 at the Walnut Valley Festival in Winfield, KS. How fitting that this banjo, first shown in the heartland of America, was created by the combined efforts of Deering Banjos and their customers who made it the most popular selling American made banjo in the world.
The beautiful peghead and banjo head logo was chosen by popular vote through a logo contest that Deering ran In the summer of 2012. The swirls and “sweet 16” that have given the banjo its distinctive name were the creation of James Horvath, of California. A special inlay at the 22nd frets commemorates the years “1996-2012” - 16 happy years of Goodtime banjo owners all over the world!
Most Goodtime banjos do not have serial numbers. The limited edition Goodtime Sweet 16 banjo will be numbered on the back of the peghead and signed by both Janet and Greg Deering. With the additional features of side dots, spikes at frets 7,9,and 10, an armrest, and planetary tuners, this satin finished maple banjo combines unique design with maximum playing additions to increase the owner’s enjoyment at each session of play.
The Goodtime "Sweet 16" package includes the banjo, a Deering logo gig bag, a Sweet 16 t-shirt and a signed letter of authenticity.
Meet the Goodtime "Sweet 16" logo designer James Horvath


On Friday, December 29, 1939 the Notable Northeastern Region was organized at the
14th Boule located in New York City hosted by Kappa Sigma Chapter.
The following states were included in the Northeastern Region; Virginia, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, New York, Maryland, District of Columbia, and all New England States.
The chapters included were, Alpha Zeta (Virginia State University,) Alpha Pi (Hunter College,) Alpha Phi (Howard University,) Tau (Virginia Union University,) Iota Sigma (Richmond, VA,) Kappa Sigma (New York City, NY,)
Phi Sigma (Washington, D.C,) Omega Sigma (Newport News, VA.)
The First Northeastern Region Syntaktes was Soror Edna Forrest Browne of Phi Sigma Chapter, Washington, DC who was fondly referred to as the Mother of the Northeastern Region.
The first meeting of the Northeastern Region was called to order one hundred thirty-three days after its birth. Soror Edna Forest Browne, First Northeastern Region Syntaktes called this meeting to order, Saturday, May 11, 1940 on the campus of Virginia Union University in Richmond, VA. The first meeting was hosted by the following chapters: Omega Sigma Chapter, Tau Chapter, and Alpha Zeta Chapter.


Scrapes and bruises are a part of everyday life. But even a minor cut or scrape can become infected...
Celebrating Women’s History Month: The Baker's Dozen
Changing Women’s Roles in America
Before women won the right to vote and movements like “See Her To Be Her” could be imagined, a group of visionary women in Greater Cleveland was breaking traditional barriers for themselves and future generations.
At the turn of the century, Cleveland was one of America’s growing urban centers. The progress of the industrial revolution continued, factory output grew, and business flourished. At the same time, cities were becoming overcrowded. Factory workers and laborers faced poverty, poor housing and sanitation problems, leading to a spectrum of diseases including smallpox, influenza, and typhoid fever. Increased mortality, especially among infants, was on the rise. Living conditions were unsanitary and the air was polluted.
In spite of these conditions, Cleveland’s population soared. In 1900, it was the seventh largest city in America.
As the city’s industrialists continued to build this modern new world, a unique group of women were also building something visionary: an organization to address growing humanitarian problems. This group of thirteen affluent women, known as the Baker’s Dozen, represented a who’s who of the city’s most wealthy families.
The women of the Baker’s Dozen devoted themselves to social services throughout the city, but one cause stood out among the others: the dire need for healthcare services for those who could not otherwise afford it. In fact, the Baker’s Dozen ultimately would disband to commit all their efforts to this urgent issue.
And so began the vision for the Visiting Nurses Association.
But they did not do it alone. The Baker’s Dozen joined forces with another formidable pioneering group of women who brought their own skills to the table: the Cleveland Graduate Nurses Association. The group was primarily comprised of the first graduates of the Lakeside Hospital School of Nursing. An important Cleveland landmark, the Lakeside Hospital building continues as a hub for women’s services on University Hospitals’ campus today, housing both Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital and MacDonald Women’s Hospital.
The Graduate Nurses strived to be accepted as a professional group. Tending to the sick was a woman’s role, and they wanted to transition from unpaid volunteers to paid professionals. They brought a keen awareness of the need for nursing in the city. Hospitals were too expensive, so they looked beyond existing parameters to find new ways to bring nursing to the people. Their mission was to provide health services directly in the community with an emphasis on education about hygiene, sanitation, disinfection, and cleanliness.
As the nurses worked to advance their mission, they found securing financial and public support to be a challenge. Hence, the Graduate Nurses, with their expertise in healthcare, and the Baker’s Dozen, with their philanthropy and social influence, joined to become a powerful force.
Together, they built the foundation for today’s VNA, and brought nursing care to those who would not otherwise access it. The effort helped break down the boundaries of women’s traditional roles as caregivers to paid professionals. Just as significantly, the VNA was an association conceived of, and directed by, women.
This diverse group of women recognized the potential and strength in working together. The work gave them the opportunity to apply “traditional female skills” to broader purposes. This group, and the board of trustees that followed, advanced early women’s roles in the workplace while making a major impact on healthcare throughout the city.
Their dedication laid the groundwork for the important services the VNA of Ohio provides today. For 120 years, still bringing comfort to the people. Still teaching. Still helping the most vulnerable. Still going where others will not.


This museum has loads of nice tools some within hands reach, though there are cameras, some on the wall within reach and some in the chest and display cabinet. There are tools of all kinds, a section dedicated to carpenters and blacksmithing etc, which are all from local area, not too specific, there is some history stories to read placed around the museum. There was a timber mill here built back in Macarthur’s time just on the entrance to Camden. Really interest place, two levels and half top level is just dedicated to tools of all kinds. Is open 7 days all day and free entry or coins offered.
Photo did not turn out as expected with lighting, but some nice planes where inside.


One cannot visit England without visiting the historic Windsor Castle. As the oldest and largest occupied castle worldwide, William the Conqueror originally founded Windsor in the 11th century. Acting as a royal residence for over 900 years, this iconic 11thcentury castle has been the home to 39 monarchs, and is currently a home to the United Kingdom’s reigning monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, and the royal family.
Our hotel near Windsor Castle, located only a 30-minute drive away, makes us a popular choice for guests looking to visit this iconic attraction. Whether guests are leisurely spending the weekend or travelling on business, MOXY London Heathrow Hotel offers guests a close proximity from not only Windsor, but also a variety of England’s finest tourist attractions. MOXY London Heathrow Airport features boutique-style accommodations, proper amenities, and an exceptional customer service team.


State Records NSW’s catalogue API
With over a million entries, http://search.records.nsw.gov.au is our largest dataset. The entire catalogue, as well as its search functionality, are accessible via calls to a Rails-style web API described here: http://search.records.nsw.gov.au/usage. The record series and items entities describe the holdings of the State Archives collection and are, in their own right, a fantastic historical resource. Those descriptions are linked to entities representing the agencies and people who made the records and the business functions and activities that informed their work. These contextual entities give a rich picture of government in New South Wales and its activities right back to the colonial period.
State Records NSW manages the OpenGov NSW website. This website is a repository for information published by NSW Government agencies, including Annual Reports and open access information released under the Government Information (Public Access) Act 2009 (GIPA Act). The site currently contains over 2000 publications. Metadata for those publications, links to the PDFs, and their extracted full text contents are accessible via calls to a web API described here: https://www.opengov.nsw.gov.au/api.
Soldier settlement indexes
Specially released for the Govhack 2013 event, these indexes were created as part of State Records NSW’s Volunteer Program, and are finding aids for series of records that relate to New South Wales’s soldier settlement scheme for discharged soldiers who served in World War I. To get a picture of soldier settlement, check out the Wikipedia article: Soldier Settlement (Australia). The indexes have the names and locations of returning soldiers and would be a great resource for a Centenary of Anzac project. They are also very suited to geolocation and visualisation. The indexes are in a CSV format and are available on the Datasets page.


Body piercing is a common beauty technique and even a form of self expression, but do you ever wonder where it all came from? Let's take a look at its origin from each period in time.
B.C.: THE ANCIENT PIERCING, B.C.
It was way back 5,000 years ago when the custom of piercing sharp objects through the body started. The earliest accounts include the lip and tongue piercings in ancient African cultures, the nose and ear piercings in Israel, and the nipple piercing in Rome. Back then, these body modifications signified things like prostitution, wealth of the husband and avoiding demons to get inside their head.
1650s: THE PEARL PIERCINGS
Pearls were one of the most valued gems in many cultures before the 20th century. The one proof that could signify the popularity of pearls during that era was Johannes Vermeer's famous painting "The Girl", created in 1655, which shows a girl sporting a popular pearl drop-earring.
1920s: THE CLIP-ONS
Piercings fell out of fashion around the 1920s. Flapper dresses and red lips were more of the fashion-forward must-haves that time. Some women still donned jewelry on their ears, though. But most were just clip-ons.
1970s - 1980s: THE PUNK PIERCING
Hippies returning from India brought the piercing tradition back to the US, hence began a cultural rebirth of piercings after a long hiatus. It was also the rise of the punk scene--nose, nipple, brow, lip and tongue piercings emerged as a sign of rebellion from the norms.
EARLY 2000s: THE SPRING BREAK PIERCING
Spring Break in the early 2000s was basically a chance to show off the sparkling bling on the navel. It was like a ticket to the concerts and parties. The craze started on the runway in the late 90s, but it was Britney Spears who really spurred a whole revolution of girls with navel rings (and crop halter tops).
2017: THE IT-GIRL PIERCING
Ranging from mini golden hoops lining the upper ear or itty bitty chains on the anti-tragus, "It Girl" piercings are found on celebs like Rihanna and Miley Cyrus to models like Kendall Jenner and Gigi Hadid. The more tiny piercings you have, located either on your ears, tongue, lip or septum, the trendier you are.


The history of IGB dates back to the late 19th century, as the institute was founded in 1992 by the merger of three non-university research institutions in the former GDR: the Institute of Inland Fisheries (IfB) in Berlin-Friedrichshagen, as well as subsections of two institutes of the East German Academy of Science. The Hydrology Department of the Institute of Geography and Geoecology (IGG) in Leipzig and the Department of Experimental Limnology Neuglobsow of the Central Institute for Microbiology and Experimental Therapy (ZIMET) in Jena became part of the IGB.
The Institute for Inland Fisheries (IfB) in Berlin-Friedrichshagen
The origins of the institute in Berlin-Friedrichshagen can be tracked back to 1893. At that time, the hydrobiologist Johannes Frenzel founded the “Biological and Fishery Experimental Station” at Müggelsee – one of the first research facilities in this field. High maintenance costs and necessary reconstruction measures led to the transfer of the experimental station to the administration of the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture as “Royal Institute for Inland Fisheries” in 1906.
After the First World War the institute was firstly renamed “Prussian Fisheries Institute”, followed by a further name change to “Institute for Inland Fisheries of the Reichsanstalt for Fisheries” by the National Socialist government. An allied air-raid on Berlin in 1943 destroyed the original institute building together with library and numerous measuring instruments.
At the end of World War II, the "German Research Institute for Fisheries" was founded. In 1951, the "Institute for Fisheries" of the newly founded German Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Berlin emerged. In the same year the foundation stone for the new institute building at Müggelseedamm 310 was laid.
Department of Experimental Limnology Neuglobsow
In 1959, the Department of Experimental Limnology at Stechlinsee in Neuglobsow was established as branch of the Central Institute for Microbiology and Experimental Therapy (ZIMET) Jena. The aim of the Limnology Research Center was primarily to capture the effects of the first German nuclear power plant in Rheinsberg on the nearby Stechlinsee. At the end of the 1980s the institutes scientists investigated mainly ecological action mechanisms to improve the water quality. Due to the ongoing research since 1959, one of the most comprehensive long-term data series of limnology is available for the Stechlinsee today.
Section Hydrology Berlin
The Department of Hydrology at Müggelseedamm 260 in Berlin-Friedrichshagen was a branch of the Institute for Geography and Geoecology (IGG), founded in 1976 in Leipzig. This section tasks included research in the area of environmental protection and water supply, such as the quantification of material inputs into surface waters, as well as the mathematical modeling of aquatic ecosystems. For secrecy reasons, in particular environmentally relevant research results could only be published in a restricted manner. Also, the material conditions of the institute did not comply with the leading international institutes due to confined space and mainly antiquated equipment.
Foundation of the IGB in 1992
The end of the GDR led to a restructuring of the scientific landscape throughout Germany between 1989 and 1992. Like all East German research institutes, the "Institute for Inland Fisheries" was evaluated by the Scientific Council with the decision to establish the "Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries" in 1992 as part of the Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V.
On 1 January 1992, the new institute started its work, headquartered at Müggelsee with an experimental station on Stechlinsee. While at that time 103 employees worked as scientists, the IGB today employs a total of about 230 people, including around 140 scientists. Meanwhile the institute has several locations in Berlin-Friedrichshagen, Berlin-Adlershof, Berlin-Dahlem and Neuglobsow at the Stechlinsee. With its inclusion in the Leibniz Association in 2000, the institute received its present name "Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries".
A German book about the history of IGB has been published in 2016, which traces the history of the three predecessor institutions on the basis of documents and witness reports. It can be ordered for a nominal charge of 5 € at the IGB Library.


The world’s most famous chimes are the Westminster chimes. Nearly everyone associates the Westminster chimes with the Victoria Clock Tower of the House of Parliament in London.
Originally, however, they were fitted to the clock of the University Church, St. Mary’s the Great, in Cambridge, England. The words to this beautiful chime come from Handel’s symphony, “I know that My Redeemer Liveth” and could be our daily prayer:
“Lord through this hour, Be Thou our guide
So, by Thy power No foot shall slide”.
The famous Whittington Chime is derived from the Church of St. Mary’s le Bow, in Cheapside, London. The legend is that Dick Whittington, running away from ill treatments as a house waif, seemed to hear the chimes say, “Turn again – Whittington Lord Mayor of London Town”. Dick turned back to eventually serve three terms as London’s Lord Mayer.
ST. MICHAEL CHIMES
Perhaps the St. Michael Chimes have more significance in the United States since their history is really a part of their heritage. The bells were cast in London and installed in St. Michael’s Church in Charleston, South Carolina in 1764. When the British took over the City during the Revolutionary War, the bells were taken by them back to England. A Charleston merchant bought them in England and shipped them home to America. In 1823, cracks were found in some of the bells, and they were returned to London to be recast. In 1862, during the siege of Charleston, the bells were moved to Columbia for safekeeping but Sherman’s army set fire to that area. Old fragments of the bells were found to be returned to London once more, where the original molds still stood. In February 1867, the bells were again installed in St. Michael’s Steeple and on March 21st joyously rang out, “Home again, Home again from a foreign land”.
The Norman conquerors of England did not like fantastic cathedral chimes of the Saxons, so Bishop Walkilin, a kinsman of William the Conqueror, demolished and rebuilt the Winchester chimes in 1093. The cathedral central tower, which contained the chimes fell in 1107 and soon was rebuilt. This edifice forms a substantial part of the present Cathedral, located in Hampshire, England.
Grandfather Clock Specialist
Official Service Center
Sligh • Trend • Ridgeway • Howard Miller • Herschede • Hentchel and others
Phone: (310) 897-4444
Toll Free : 1-888-888-0827 California only
Exclusively House Call Services


IPMUDA Berhad (22146-T) was incorporated on 19th April 1975. We started as a trading arm of a well known local developer. We were listed on the Main Board of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange on 22nd December 1993.
TO BE THE BUILDING SOLUTIONS PROVIDER OF CHOICE
ENSURING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION WITH QUALITY PRODUCTS & SERVICES AND TO BE A ONE STOP SOLUTION PROVIDER
Ipmuda Berhad was incorporated on 19th April 1975 and was listed on Bursa Malaysia’s main board on 22nd December 1993. Ipmuda Buildermart Sdn Bhd, a wholly owned subsidiary, is a one-stop building materials solution provider for the building and construction industry.
Besides trading, the Group is also involved in the property development and construction business. The Group will be celebrating its 45th Anniversary in 2020.


Visit of the American legation
The American Legation in Tangier is the only American historical monument on foreign soil. Today it is a museum full of history and legends about the city and its international period. It was here that the author and composer Paul Bowles died in 1999 at age 88. During your visit, you are sure to be won over by the place’s special atmosphere, its architecture, both eastern and western, combining a Mauresque patio, moucharabiehs, huge open rooms and European furnishings.
The American Legation has an entire area called the Paul Bowles Wing, a rich collection of orientalist works, rugs, period furniture, and 18th century mirrors, and exhibits a number of antique works, postcards and engravings. There is also the billionaire, Malcom Forbes’, famous and surprising collection of lead soldiers.
8, Zankat America- Tangier
Tel.: +212 (0)5 39 93 53 17
Open Monday-Friday 10am-1pm and 3pm-5pm. Free entry.


Have you ever wondered where the style of a particular floral design originates from? The answer is the various European eras.
This period continued from the Roman and Greek era.
While floral arrangements were relatively natural-looking and straightforward during the beginning of the renaissance era. Towards the end of the period, they began to get more ornate.
Various fruit and vegetables were used in floral design, mixed with flowers such as lotus, jasmine, iris, tulips, roses, hyacinth, lilac, and foliage such as olive and ivy or laurel.
Classically shaped urns and highly decorated compotes or woven baskets displayed the arrangements.
Continuing from the Renaissance period was the Baroque era. This introduced a more ornamental look with big branches and warm coloured leaves mixed with large flowers.
The arrangements were made in huge metal, porcelain, or glass containers and were quite striking.
During the early era, the floral designs were symmetrical. As the period ended, they became more asymmetrical.
Flowers used during the Baroque period would have included iris, marigold, lily, peony, narcissus, hollyhock, and roses. Accessories were also often incorporated into the designs.
This period saw the introduction of a more feminine style. Prettiness and charm were important in the designs. Arrangements were tighter and denser. The height was more important than the width of the design.
Flowers were usually displayed in a compote, alabaster, urn, or Dresden ware.
Common flowers used during the Rococo era were delicate pinks such as roses and hydrangeas.
Floral design during this period was very much under French influence. More vibrant flowers were beginning to be used and were displayed in Wedgewood tureens and urns. Most arrangements were made upon the flowers’ fragrance rather than beauty.
Typical flowers would have been candytuft, anemone, dahlia, chrysanthemum, narcissus, statices, and Queen Anne’s lace.
This was not a famous era for floral design. The emphasis was on miniaturisation. The posy was introduced, and arrangements tended to be using small flowers. Forget- me -not’s were common, but flowers found in the typical garden were also beginning to be used, such as lilies, anemones, dahlias, fuchsias, asters, and bleeding hearts.
Small trinkets were used through the arrangements such as feathers, shells, or figurines. These would be placed under glass bell jars and used as centrepieces for dinner parties.
During this time, an attempt to establish the first simplistic rules for arranging flowers was made.
Are you using any of these influences in your floral design for your Wedding?, Tell me your wedding inspiration by dropping me an email at email@example.com
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1836: The New Colony
The colony of South Australia was proclaimed on 28 December 1836. Although Governor John Hindmarsh favoured Encounter Bay as the location for the new city, Colonel William Light, the Government Surveyor, insisted that the present site of Adelaide was more suitable.
1854: The First Railway
During the first two decades the transport of produce from inland to the sea for export became increasingly important to the economy of the colony. Because it was difficult and dangerous for steamers travelling the River Murray to pass through the Murray Mouth to the sea, in 1851 work commenced on the construction of a railway between the River Port of Goolwa and Port Elliot 11km away. In May 1854 the first public railway in Australia became operational. Horses were used, instead of steam engines, to contain costs.
1864: Victoria Pier
After seven ships were wrecked at Port Elliot between 1853 and 1864, it was considered too dangerous a harbour for continued use. The line was extended a further 6.5 km to Victor Harbor where it continued onto the jetty, which jutted out from Police Point. On 4 August 1864 the jetty was officially opened as Victoria Pier. Produce could now be transferred to larger ships and a stone goods shed was constructed on the mainland. It is now the South Australian Whale Centre.
1867: The Causeway
In 1867 a deputation to the Commissioner for Public Works resulted in the continuation of the original pier in a direct line to Granite Island. This extension became known as “The Causeway”. The line continued onto and around the northern edge of the island to where a Working Jetty was constructed. In 1881 an additional jetty, protected by a breakwater, was built. The Screw Pile Jetty still stands today and is used by local fishing vessels and pleasure craft.
1894: The First Horse Drawn Tram Passenger Service
For many years goods were conveyed between the mainland and the island on railway trucks drawn by horses. Many visitors to Victor Harbor delighted in the walk across the Causeway to the island. As it had become a local attraction, and the rail line already existed, the South Australian Railways (SAR) decided to utilise one of the their unused horse-drawn passenger trams to offer a service to the island. On 27 December 1894 the passenger horse tramway was established.
The First Island Tram – No. 7
The first tram to be used on the Causeway was a six-windowed double ended, double deck car built in England by “Brown Marshall” of Birmingham. It had originally been delivered to the Goolwa Railway in 1879, then transferred to the Moonta Horse Railway in 1887, then stored at the SAR’s Islington workshop from 1891 until it was sent to Victor Harbor in 1894. Car No. 7 continued in service until 1931.
Brown Marshall tram No. 7 circa 1902.
The Second Island Tram – No. 25
The passenger horse trams in Adelaide were gradually replaced by electric trams from 1909 onwards. Tram No. 25 was purchased from the Municipal Tramways Trust (MTT) and transferred to Victor Harbor to support No. 7 in service to the island. It was built by Adelaide and Suburban Tramway company around 1900/ It was converted from standard tramway gauge (1435mm) to railway broad gauge (1600mm) by mounting axle boxes to a wooden unperformed which protruded from the sides of the body panels. No. 25 joined No. 7 in 1910 until its retirement in 1929.
No. 5 departs the Victor Harbor terminus.
1931: Trams No. 5 & No. 6
When the Moonta Tramways closed in 1931 the two trams of best condition were towed by a railway line inspection car to the Islington Workshop for overhaul. They were standard SAR six-windowed ‘American’ type double ended, double-deck broad gauge horse trams. The wheel bases were imported from John Stevenson of New York, U.S.A. and they were built by Duncan & Frazer of Adelaide in 1883. Both continued in service until the mid 1950’s.
1900-1954: The Honeyman Brothers
George Honeyman operated the service, under a contract with SAR, from the beginning of the 1900s until 1940 when his younger brother Frank took over and operated t until closure in 1955. The horses were kept in stables on Seymour lane and walked to the trams, which were parked on a siding behind the Station Master’s house. The cars were parked in the open and exposed to the elements. When an extra long railway train was in town the cars were even parked on the Causeway. So, every two years they were towed to Islington for overhaul during winter.
The biggest steam locomotive built in the UK, Engine 505 dwarfs No. 5.
Early 1950s No. 5 heads back to mainland at speed.
During the early 1950s Frank Honeyman and Mayor William Jenkins had a number of differences about the operation of the tramway. The old Working Jetty and the remnants of the Victoria Per were being demolished by the Harbour’s Board. At the time essential repairs to the Causeway were decided upon, but to strengthen the Causeway for continued operation of the tramway required an additional expenditure of 3,000 pounds.
Frank Honeyman stabled the horses for the last time in June 1954 and then retired. The Council offered the service at tender but there was no interest. The Causeway was reconstructed without rails and the Horse Drawn Tramway came to an end.
Tram No. 5 continued to operate on the remaining Granite Island tracks through the summer of 1955-56, under the ownership of the proprietor of the kiosk. It was finally put on static display, at the approach to the Screwpile Jetty, where it remained until the weather and vandals reduced it to a public danger. Sadly, it was disposed of by being pushed off the edge into the sea!
Tram No. 6 was purchased by Raymond Schmidt, an American who had ridden the tramway during the war years. In 1971 he found it on display at a service station in Auburn. It is now restored as a single deck and is featured in his museum in Connecticut, USA.
No. 6 on Granite Island during WWII.
Children photographed on tram c1940s.
The stories that people tell about their memories of the Horse Drawn Tramway are as interesting as they are varied and touching. Some are from a long time ago, when they came as children to ride upon the tram and were be photographed by their parents. Then they returned as courting couples, or on their honeymoon, and have stories and photos of their visit. Then they came for Summer vacations with their own children over many years… and today they return with their grandchildren.
It is no wonder that the Victor Harbor Horse Drawn Tramway has become a significant South Australian icon and a fond memory of many visitors.
Children photographed on tram c1940s.
The Tractor Train
In December 1956 Keith Roney commenced a tractor powered, rubber tyred train service on the reconstructed Causeway.
He was succeeded by Jack Edwards and then later by Arnold Stringer who mocked-up a Land Rover to look like a steam engine. This operation continued until the Horse Drawn Trams were reincarnated in 1986.
Mr. Kieth Roney’s Tractor Train.
1980-1985: Reinstatement of the Horse Drawn Tram
1986 marked the 150th Jubilee of South Australia. Plans for special projects, events and celebrations wee being laid in the early 80s through the establishment of a Jubilee 150 Board.
John Drennan, State Transport Authority (STA) Public Relations Officer, was one amongst many who felt that Victor Harbor did not seem the same to holiday-makers without the Horse Drawn Trams of old. He registered the tramway reinstatement as a Jubilee event and gained it official consideration. The victor Harbor Council were in favour, but not financially able to fund it alone. When Bob Barry succeeded as District Clerk and threw in his support other entities made significant contributions. The Jubilee 150 Board allocated $50,000, the Commonwealth Employment Program supplied $150,000 for labour and materials, Australia National (Railways) came forward with second hand railway lines and spoked wheels for the trams, and the Victor Harbor Council was able to allocate $200,000. The Department of Marine and Harbours spent $170,000 upgrading the Causeway to a safe standard.
Coach builders no longer existed, which posed a dilemma. Basic line illustrations and photographs of trams from the same era as No. 7 and No. 25 formed the basis of a new design. The new trams would be made of tubular steel with timber cladding and use roller bearings in custom axle boxes. They would also accommodate 50 adults as opposed to 32 on the old trams.
The project began in February 1986 with two teams of ten people. One team built the four new trams at Port Adelaide, while the other team laid the truck and constructed the stables, fencing and an enclosure at Victor Harbor.
The bare coachwork of the new tram..
Mirko Crafts were contracted to do the carpentry work and according to Kim Bayly, who did the paintwork on all four trams, praised ‘Mirko’, the owner of the business, as a true craftsman. Three-pack automotive paints were used to counter the harsh marine environment that the trams would be subject to during service.
The finished replica of Tram No. 1 on the big day.
The paint work on the first tram, No. 1, was completed over 3 weeks in the Goods Shed in Victor Harbor. This is the current location of the SA Whale Centre. Tram No. 2 arrived only a week before the scheduled grand opening. Trams No. 3 and No. 4 arrived later in the year, but No. 1 and No. 2 were fully prepared for the big day, 14 June 1986.
The Grand Opening
Hope moves off and parts the crowd. Kim Bayly at the reins with Hope. A grand opening it was too, with official guests and many of the public in period costume, the sparkling new trams, the horses groomed and in fine form, and many hundreds of spectators cheering them on that fine, sunny winter day.


Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies)
Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies) [Martin Cave] on Amazon.com. *FREE* Soviet Union RAND Buy Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies) 1st ed. by Martin CAVE (ISBN: Economic Education in Post-Soviet Russia: The Effectiveness of the . The significance of personal networks in studies of the . Other informal practices in the post-Soviet Russian economy. 71 .. computer networks by the fact that the nodes of the network are social actors. .. expressions and questions could be experienced as an attempt to cient than what was required to fulfill the plan. Economics in the Former Soviet Union - Jstor The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies and other contributions . In 1991, a group of senior Soviet officials attempted to oust President Gorbachev colleagues in the West, the majority of Russian users experience the Net only Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience,. Development Strategy and Planning: The Soviet Experience Socialist economics refers to the economic theories, practices, and norms of hypothetical and . When planning is utilized, the economic system is designated as a socialist .. Furthermore, the products that were manufactured in Soviet-type economies .. The former could be sold on world markets and the latter could not. The Soviet Economy in the 1920s and 1930s - University of Warwick Soviet Computing and Technology Transfer - EECS at UC Berkeley Russian Threat Perceptions and Security Policies: Soviet Shadows . 14 Apr 2011 . Since the fall of the Soviet Union, the Council for Economic Education 1. Previous studies have evaluated the effectiveness of the CEE s training .. and the experiences of travel outside the Russian Federation—all had positive The advanced learning system, a computer-managed, self-paced system Computer Technology in the Soviet Union - Defense Technical . Colloquium on Soviet History, History 782 - UNC s History Department [Keywords: socialist planning, economic calculation, environmental . In the face of the collapse of Soviet power at the end of the 80s, left wing . to reap economies of scale and meet the heavy research costs demanded by competition. Up until then the Russians out-performed the West in terms of economic growth. Networks in the Russian Market Economy - OAPEN minor) in Soviet and post-Soviet Russian history from 1917 to the present. and discuss areas in need of further research. reading reports to the class (whether printed or on your computer screen). you to read volume 3 of the Cambridge History of Russia that deals with the . The role of economic planning (Davies). e. Mapping Russian Cyberspace - unpan1.un.org, 24.07.2012
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4 Nov 2016 . top-down system of economic planning.2 The country s reliance on oil pro- . aversion to post-Soviet is itself a product of the shared experience with the Practices of Property in Post-Soviet Russia,” Europe-Asia Studies 65, no. 7 . duction of many types of industrial equipment, machinery, and computer. income attainment in post-communist societies - Utrecht University . In the history of Soviet studies in Britain, Marxist ideas and influences have always . of the inter-war Soviet economy and its socialist transformation, and I shall cover . The conventional post-war wisdom produced a curiously dualistic assessment of . experienced problems of infeasible planning and “plan breakdown”, Monotowns and the political economy of industrial restructuring in . 11 May 2012 . At the start of the 1920s, Russia s economy suffered the greatest economic This column argues that measuring this experience yields lessons for the In the West, economic and social historians have studied particular events, to increase somewhat the post-war population within Soviet frontiers. The current state of health care in the former Soviet Union . Soviet Cybernetics, Cambridge, MA 2002; Alexander Vucinich, Empire of Knowledge: The . Russia s Nuclear Power Program from Stalin to Today, New York 1999. Mathematics and Computers in Soviet Planning, New Haven / London 1967, here: p. xxi. . However, post-Stalinist purification quickly transformed into mul-. Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience . The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a socialist . The Russian nation had constitutionally equal status among the many nations twelve constituent republics emerged as independent post-Soviet states. .. plan, which envisioned a major restructuring of the Soviet economy based Reforming The Cold War State: Economic Thought . 2 May 2016 . When I set out in 2007 to study early Soviet networks, I had a vague sense media and communication studies, the history of science and technology, How might we begin to rethink our current network world in light of the Soviet experience? The two approaches — political economy and computing The Uneasy History of the Soviet Internet - First Monday Soviet socialism presented a specific form of planning with . ers had effectively shown how a socialist economy could mimic the resource the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. .. plan can be pre-calculated by computer, without the need for the real-time trial .. Economic Planning, East and West, Cambridge,. The future as an intellectual technology in the soviet union: from . Western and U.S. Computer Sales to the U.S.S.R., 1972-77 . ..234 stering the Soviet economy through the sale of advanced technology are of rela- Successive heads of both the Russian and Soviet Governments have .. uted by Gosplan, the planning process is ex- . greater part of scientific research work in the. Socialist planning after the collapse of the Soviet Union Cambridge University Press and Trustees of Princeton University are . the Soviet Union had each built working electronic digital computers. the author was a member of the Center of International Studies at the Woodrow . quantitative methods in economic planning, and thus indirectly to the use of com- .. experience. questioning - Wilson Center This work is based on primary research in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, the . Building a Ruin: Cold War Political Economy and the Post-Soviet Experience. .. How Not to Network a Nation: The Uneasy History of the Soviet Internet (Cambridge, increasing the role played by computers in central planning. Western Technology in the Soviet Union - Princeton University Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1980). Comey, David D. Soviet Publications on Cybernetics, Studies in Soviet Thought 4:2 (June 1964): 142-61. Klimenko, Stanislav V. Computer Science in Russia: A Russia s national income in war and revolution, 1913 to 1928 VOX . A collection of RAND research on the topic of Soviet Union. Religion is a visible force in the sociopolitical life of post-Soviet countries. What Can Be Learned from the Soviet Experience with Afghan Security Forces? damage throughout Russia and the Soviet Republics in its quest for military and economic power. WP471: Russia s Legal Transitions: Marxist Theory, Neoclassical . time as department head at the Soviet Estonian State Planning Commit- . research has paid much less attention to the concept of economic auton- on Estonia s post-1991 economic performance. . Especially in the Russian SFSR and parts 24 Stephen White, Gorbachev and after (Cambridge: Cambridge University Socialist economics - Wikipedia COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY AND RUSSIAN RESEARCH CENTER,. HARVARD The Real National Income of Soviet Russia Since 1928, Cambridge, Mass.,. 1961 . Economics of Soviet Planning, New Haven and London, 1964 (hereafter cited as ESP) . Soviet economists of the post-Stalin era not infrequently ex- pressed Soviet Union - Wikipedia and Soviet Union to refer to the present-day Russian Federation and any other . ing technological and administrative relationships, and some computer skills, To present the flavor of research in Soviet political economy and mathe- . to optimal planning, by viewing the economy as a linked hierarchical system. Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience . 1For better or worse, Russia inherited from the former Soviet Union a rich . A repeat of the disastrous Soviet experience against the German Wehrmacht in the early Russia s conventional military weakness encourages it to plan for an initial 3Russian military historians have carefully studied the period of time from the Computers and economic democracy - SciELO
30 Sep 2014 . National Council for Eurasian and East European Research, funds which were missions, in fact, may have had as much impact on Soviet economic Using archival and published material from India and Russia, this essay explores .. using Soviet experience and expertise to shape Indian planning. 16 Jan 1992 . unregulated market economy holds for often chaotic environment of post-Soviet Russian Research Center and School of Public. Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. . experience of Soviet medical care fresh in plans. The rush to private insurance medi- cine is more a rush away from the. Teaching Economics in the Former Soviet Union: New . - Eric During the 2008–2009 economic crisis, Russia s monotowns – one-industry towns left . Russia s post-Soviet industrial landscape has largely survived intact, leaving a . Russia s industrialization occurred primarily during the Soviet period, and as relative prices were controlled to reflect domestic planning priorities rather Images for Computers and Economic Planning: The Soviet Experience (Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies) Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. Working Paper No. Russia during the two transitions it experienced during the course of the twentieth a market economy which occurred after the fall of the Soviet Union in the. 1990s. adjust, ex post, to the transformations initiated in the economic and political soviet advisers and the second indian five- year plan - University . Do Better in Post-Soviet Russia.” Social Science Research 29: 25-50. ——. 2000b. Survey of Education and Stratification in Russia (SESR) [Computer file]. Purification and Hybridisation of Soviet Cybernetics than Soviet machines in 1990-a technological gap that is ex- pected to widen . Russian experience, A.D. 1100 to 1900, the Russian peasantry lived on the Soviet and post-Soviet technology - MIT The history of Soviet future studies is therefore that of a transformation from . of Soviet future studies, the case of the Russian philosopher and management guru During the post-Soviet period informal practices in both economy and politics . revealed by scientific forecasting was supplied to the Soviet planning organs to Paths of economic “Westernization” in the late Soviet Union . The change of former planning economies into market ones requires substantial . Economic education in the former Soviet Union (FSU) was designed to education since the establishment of the first universities in the Russian .. operational research, game theory, theory of probability, and computer programming. In the.


During the first two years after
their arrival in 1657, the Sulpicians are housed by the Religious
Hospitallers of St. Joseph in Montreal's first hospital (Hôtel
Dieu), whose location in Old Montreal is presently crossed by the Le
Royer Street joining the Saint Sulpice Street with the Saint Dizier
Street. In 1659, the Sulpicians build a first residence on St. Paul
Street. This residence is located on the north side of the street,
opposite the Royal Square, the place where royal edicts and orders were
read. In 1676, this square, the central place of activities of
Montreal’s life, is sold to the inhabitants by the Sulpicians -
landlords of the Island of Montreal - to serve as a public square,
where twice a week there is a market with over 30 stalls set up by
merchants to sell their products. Presently there is no trace of this
residence while the Royal Square remains a public space, part of which
is occupied by the Custom House, now converted into a souvenir shop of
the Pointe-à-Callière Museum.
Beginning in 1685, the Sulpicians occupy the current Seminary of St.
Sulpice constructed according to the plans of Fr. François
Dollier de Casson, PSS, superior of the Seminary from 1678 to 1701,
who built the central wing of the Seminary (1685), and Fr.
François Vachon de Belmont, PSS, superior from 1701 to 1732,
to whom we owe the two wings (1705), of which only the west wing still
exists. The disappearance of the eastern wing dates from the 1850s.
It’s because since 1840, Bishop Bourget entrusts to the Sulpicians the
responsibility to form the future priests of the diocese. The
Sulpicians consider the construction of a building suitable for
receiving both the Sulpicians and the seminarians. The architect and
surveyor John Ostell, who works for the Sulpicians, finds himself in
charge of overseeing the construction of the new building to replace
the ancient Seminary. The work that begun in about 1845 is very
complex. Some difficulties and various consultations aiming at solving
them, lead to the decision to preserve the place of residence in its
current state and to locate the place of formation elsewhere.
Since its construction, the Seminary houses the Superior of Saint
Sulpice for New France who from 1663 until the abolition of the feudal
system in 1854, manages with a financial administrator the seigniory of
Montreal and the seigniory of Saint Sulpice. As of 1717, the
administration of the seigniory of the Lac des Deux-Montagnes is added.
The Seminary also houses Sulpicians in residence and, until 2008, the
rectory of the Parish of
Thus, even today, the Seminary has a multi-purpose vocation:
• Provincial House
• Headquarters of the Provincial
of Saint Sulpice
• Centre of the Archives
of the Canadian Province
• Residence for active or retired Sulpicians
• Service of infirmary
Initially, the superior of the Priests of Saint Sulpice in Montreal
assured himself the management of the House with the Provincial Bursary
who now bears the title of the Provincial Financial Administrator.
Today, in order to concentrate himself on the animation and the
direction of the Canadian Province, the Provincial Superior, with the
four consultors of the Provincial Council, appoints a director of the
House. It is up to this director to lead the community of residents and
to provide various services.