A Journey Through Time
The Mosque of Muhammad Ali, also known as the Alabaster Mosque, stands proudly on the Citadel of Cairo, offering a mesmerizing blend of history and architectural brilliance. As we step into this sacred space, we embark on a journey through time, tracing the roots of this iconic structure.
The mosque, with its Ottoman-inspired design, captivates visitors with intricate details and majestic domes. The interplay of light and shadow within its walls tells a story of cultural richness. Its role in Egyptian culture is profound, serving as not just a place of worship but a symbol of national identity.
For those planning to visit, here are some practical tips. Explore the surroundings; other must-visit places include the Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the Egyptian Museum. Each destination weaves its own narrative, enriching your overall experience.
Delve into the flavors of Egyptian cuisine in nearby eateries. Immerse yourself in local festivities and events, gaining a deeper understanding of the vibrant culture that surrounds the mosque.
Photography enthusiasts, take note – the mosque provides a picturesque backdrop for capturing timeless memories. Support local artisans, and you might find unique crafts as souvenirs to cherish.
Before navigating Cairo, familiarize yourself with transportation options. Whether it’s a traditional felucca ride on the Nile or a modern taxi, each mode of transport adds a layer to your Cairo experience.
Best Time to Visit
Choose the right season for your visit. In conclusion, the Mosque of Muhammad Ali is not merely a structure but a living testament to Cairo’s rich heritage. As you explore its halls, remember that you’re stepping into a cultural tapestry woven over centuries.
Vacation Planning Session
Q1. Any preferred location? User: Yes, I’d like to explore places near REVIEW Cairo, Ai Cập nhớ ghé thăm nhà thờ Hồi giáo Muhamed Ali.
Great choice! Now let’s move on to the next question.
Q2. Approx Budget in INR User: Around 50,000 INR.
Noted! Now let’s narrow down your interests.
Q3. Interest User: I’m interested in historical sites and cultural experiences.
Fantastic! One more question to go.
Q4. Number of days User: I have about 5 days for the trip.
Excellent! Now let me gather information about REVIEW Cairo, Ai Cập nhớ ghé thăm nhà thờ Hồi giáo Muhamed Ali.
Q5. Have you heard about the Mosque of Muhammad Ali in Cairo, Egypt? User: Yes, I’m aware of it. It sounds fascinating.
Perfect! Now, based on your preferences, I suggest a trip to Cairo, Egypt. You can explore the historical and cultural wonders of the city, including the Mosque of Muhammad Ali. Here’s a brief itinerary:
Day 1-2: Cairo Exploration
- Visit the Mosque of Muhammad Ali on the Citadel.
- Explore the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx.
- Wander through the Egyptian Museum.
Day 3: Old Cairo
- Stroll through Islamic Cairo, explore Khan El Khalili Bazaar.
- Visit the Sultan Hassan Mosque and the Ibn Tulun Mosque.
Day 4: Nile Cruise
- Enjoy a cruise on the Nile River.
- Visit the Cairo Opera House for a cultural experience.
Day 5: Relaxation and Departure
- Spend some leisure time at Al-Azhar Park.
- Depart from Cairo.
For a virtual preview and insights, I recommend watching maps.
5 Unique FAQs
- Is there an entrance fee for the Mosque of Muhammad Ali?
- Yes, there is an entrance fee, but it’s a small price to pay for the cultural and historical experience.
- Are there guided tours available?
- Guided tours are available, providing insightful narratives about the mosque’s history and significance.
- Can visitors climb to the top of the mosque for a panoramic view?
- Yes, climbing to the top offers a breathtaking panoramic view of Cairo and its surroundings.
- What is the best time of day to visit the mosque?
- Early morning or late afternoon provides the best lighting for photography and a more serene atmosphere.
- Are there restrictions on photography inside the mosque?
- While photography is generally allowed, it’s advised to be respectful, especially during prayer times.


Design: Alfredo Corno
A double look at the past and its influences, keeping one eye firmly anchored to the present. With the help of the precious essences of walnut, ebony, mahogany and cherry, the memory of the most popular testimony of the roman civilization is combined with a type of furniture that in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was used for home mails and that today we could use, for example, for our notebook.
Dimensions (closed): 130 x 85 x h180 cm
FINISHING: wood veneers in Maple, Bubinga, Cedar, Cherry, Wenge
STRUCTURE: Poplar plywood sheathed in Cedar veneer or Maple, Magnolia or Sand melamine.


Our campus exists on the site of Fort Ord, California, a former army installation.
This project was created by a collaborative team comprised of a CSUMB professor, two students and two alumni. For project credits, please click here.
We created this project in order to:
This journey though our everyday landscape has changed the way we see.
In homage to Major General Ord, cartographer, we present maps as the interface to the Web site. (For a more complete history of Fort Ord, please click here.)
Our project will progress in three phases:
Phase One consists of photo galleries depicting the most densely landscaped areas of the former base. Comprised of the northwestern section (a small fraction of the overall acreage), these areas are being rapidly repurposed and demolished.
This portion of our project functions as travelogue. We offer evidence of our explorations of the abandoned city that surrounds us. We endeavor to systematically document the landscape, murals painted by generations of soldiers stationed at the base, and the architecture that still stands.
The images depict the inevitable destruction of institutional architecture, the reverberation of globally significant history, and the muteness of artworks now hanging in sealed darkness.
During Phase Two, we will collaborate with a larger, informed community to describe the histories suggested by the photographs on FortOrding.com
We extend an open call. We invite submissions of text, images, links to Web sites, and videos relating to Fort Ord. To submit, or for more information, please email: email@example.com
We will present what we collect on an ongoing basis our Blog site.
Join us on Facebook.
All authors, artists, and collectors will retain copyrights to what they submit.
We aim to create a forum for all those interested Fort Ord.
During 2010, we will continue our explorations of the vast Fort Ord landscape, documenting ongoing changes. We will focus on explorations of the unique post-army ecology of the site.


Karol Bagh, New Delhi - 110005
+91 9810198436, +91 9971243591
The Best Value Under the Sun
Red Fort , A beautiful & stunning structure built by Shahjahan, A Mugal Empeor.
It is a beautiful & tallest minerate in India.
Gurudwara Bangla Sahib
This is 18th century Gurudwara Bangla Sahib in Connaught Place.
The Lotus Temple
It's Bahá'í House of Worship, also known as the Lotus Temple
India Gate is a magnificent stone arch built as a memorial to Indian soldiers.
The Jama Masjid is one of India's largest mosques.
Humanyu's Tomb is constructed with white marble & red stone.
Akshardham temple is built on Nagara Shaily.
Purana Qila (The Old Fort)
The Qila-i-Kuna Mosque, a single-dome place of worship built in 1541
Copyright 2021 Hotel De Gold All Rights Reserved.
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The Travel Group
Cape Cod & The Islands
5 Nights in Hyannis; 1 in Boston with visits to Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard & Newport
August 15 - , 2020
- 5 nights in Hyannis - 1 night in Boston
- Visit to Nantucket Island and Nantucket Whaling Museum
- Visit to Martha' Vineyard
- Excursion to Plymouth, including Plimouth Plantation and Sandwich
- Visit to Boston with city tour including Faneuil Hall Marketplace
- Excursion to Newport with tour of The Vanderbilt Mansion The Breakers
- 9 Meals including farewell lobster dinner in Hyannis
- Tour Director throughout
per person, double occupancy
Land Only - Air out of Tulsa available on request
PWD RT Air Package
Cancellation Waiver & Post
per person rates: $275.00
In Nantucket, we board a ferry and cruise to scenic and historic Nantucket Island featuring a cobblestoned Main Street, unspoiled beaches, sea captains' houses and art galleries. We visit the Nantucket Whaling Museum including its rooftop observation deck overlooking the harbor and other whaling exhibits all reflections of an island that some 300 years ago was the whaling capital of the world. We will have time to enjoy the island at our own pace to shop and explore the yacht filled harbor and waterfront. This afternoon we board a ferry for return to Cape Cod and our hotel.
In HYANNIS we visit the Kennedy Memorial and the St. Francis Xavier Church, above. Later we also travel to Plimoth Plantation, an accurate recreation of the Pilgrim's 1627 vaillage where costumed interpreters portray colony residents in this living history museum.
BOSTON: On day 4 we travel to Boston with a tour of the city, including the Boston Commons, the Old State House, the Old North Church, the Old South Meeting House, Beacon Hill, and Old Ironsides.
In NEWPORT our group tours The Breakers, the sprawling estate built by Cornelius Vanderbilt


On September 10th, Junior and Senior University of Kansas history students won the national Collegiate History in Action award at the Watkins Museum. The award, which is only given to one college or university a year, was granted at the annual convention of the American History Teachers Association for the work the students did on a project in March and April of 2021. According to the American History Teachers Association Bylaws,
“The annual Collegiate History in Action award honors teachers and students that bring history to life, particularly in telling untold stories or highlighting historical events with new relevance in the present.” The students achieved this by compiling letters and diary entries that were archived at the Watkins Museum in Lawrence to create videos about the 1919 flu pandemic.
“We’re so impressed with how the KU students took archival material and connected it with what’s going on today,” Watkins Museum’s Director of Engagement and Learning, Will Haynes said.
Associate Professor LaDonna Raven takes pride in her students achievements and hard work,
“They went above and beyond during a pandemic to produce a fantastic research project,” Raven said.
Many seem to agree with Raven that the students went above and beyond. President of the American History Teachers Association, Kevin Hernandez had nothing but praise for these students.
“The KU project was stunning. The voices seemed so real and relevant that several of us wept as we watched the videos,” Hernandez said.
The entry titled, “Voices from a Pandemic” is a series of videos based on information found in letters and diaries of Kansas residents. It shows what life was like during the flu pandemic of 1919 through quotes from the letters and diaries read by the students. A piece of work bound to make an impact during the tumultuous times of the COVID-19 pandemic.


Approaching migrations through family names: the Barcelona area at the 16th century
Joan Pau Jordà, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Joana-Maria Pujadas-Mora, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Aina Moragues, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Anna Cabré, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Migrations are the most difficult demographic phenomena to measure because of the absence of appropriate registers. However, information on family names offers a privileged source to approach its study when they are transmitted from one generation to the following under the same form and with fixed rules. Then, the emergence of new names can only be explained by exceptions in the transmission rules, such as in-migration. The Barcelona area during the 16th century offers a privileged field for this kind of approach, because we have access to exceptional data: the family names of all men and most women getting married in the 90 parishes of the “Oficialitat of Barcelona” from 1481 to 1600 of the Barcelona Historical Marriage Database (BHMD) and the names of all household heads in Catalonia, by an enumeration of 1497 and other of 1553. Our contribution aims: 1) To compare the names of the wed (in a accumulative way) with the household heads in the enumeration of 1497 to detect the exact moment of appearance of new names. 2) To detect abnormal increases of certain family names which cannot be explained by natural dynamics and would suggest in-migration of persons wearing these names or the assignation of these names to new migrants. 3) To compare the new or inflated names with the maps of family names in 1497 and 1553, referring to the whole Catalonia to establish possible origins and allowing the isolation of the unexplainable ones, which could have more distant origins.
Presented in Poster Session 1


L. F. Loveday Prior, These Times of Travail
John Murray, London 1941.
First Edition. Jacket Design by M. W. Hawes.
This novel is a moving sequel to The Valley of Exile, covering the Nazi occupation of Austria from September 1938 to January 1940. Imbued with humour, adventure and tragedy, it paints a convincing picture of life in the glorious Tyrolean countryside, as well as an absorbing account of Vienna under Nazi rule.


Spectacular large silver glass-fronted oval reliquary theca decorated with chased floral ornamentation and housing rarely seen complete set of relics of all twelve Apostles centered around a precious relic of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The relics are affixed to a decorated background of red silk and identified with paper cedulas inscribed in early 19th century dictus. 18th century silver oval double-glass reliquary theca housing relics of the Veil of the Blessed Virgin Mary, her husband Saint Joseph, and two Apostles: Saint Thomas and Saint Andrew. The relics are affixed to a red silk background separated with golden paperolle and silver cord ornamentation and identified on a manuscript cedula labels.
Buenos Aires, Argentina, Mar 27, 2018 / 03:10 pm ().-Marking the Day of the Unborn Child in much of Latin America, tens of thousands of Argentinians took to the streets throughout the country to. Start studying Latin American Survey: Colonial Art. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. often synthesized with the Virgin in South America. wa'kas. Incan animist nature spirits (also spelled "huacas") reliquary. A container, often made of precious materials, used as a repository to protect.
Aug 19, 2019- Explore nenarok's board "Christian art of Western European and Latin American iconography", followed by 2247 people on Pinterest. See more ideas about Catholic art, Christian art and Christian artwork. Mary in Latin America and the Caribbean by Elsa Támez. This has contributed to a scarcity of biblical studies about Mary among Evangelicals. In the last few decades, female theologians and biblical scholars have developed a critical discourse against ecclesiastical circles’ uses of Mary. As a virgin .
The Veil of the Virgin in its Reliquary. The church at Autun also claimed to have the Veil of the Virgin in the twelfth century, and featured a walnut statue of the Virgin enthroned with a back aperture that might have been intended to hold this relic. The Shrine to the Virgin at Aachen. Dominican Republic: Our Lady of "La Altagracia". The Dominican Republic, where the evangelization of the New World began, is under the protection of the Virgin under two titles: Our Lady of Mercy, the principal patroness who was so proclaimed in 1616 during the Spanish colonial rule, and the Virgin .
Nov 06, 2008 · Just out of curiosty, I'm wondering if people consider the Caribbean islands like the Virgin Islands, Aruba, St. Thomas, Jamaica, part of Latin America? What about nearby islands technically not in the Caribbean like the Bahamas and Bermuda? Saint Faith or Saint Faith of Conques (Latin: Sancta Fides; French: Sainte-Foy; Spanish: Santa Fe) is a saint who is said to have been a girl or young woman of Agen in Aquitaine. Her legend recounts how she was arrested during persecution of Christians by the Roman Empire and refused to make pagan sacrifices even under torture.Born: 3rd century, Agen, Gallia Narbonensis, .


Martin Luther King [Elektronisk resurs] : ett liv / Tomas Dömstedt.
Kings arbete ledde till att härmed Bran att föresla Dr Martin Luther King Jr, Atlanta,. Georgia, USA, som kandidat till Nobels fredspris. Son motivering for vårt förslag vill vi anzöre 181-. Ta reda på hur Martin Luther King, Jr. först blev uppmärksammad nationellt, som en medborgarrättskämpe, och hur han kom att bli det tjugonde århundradets Remembering Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. LeBron James on what #MLKDay means to him. (@joinlafd) på Instagram: "Posted @withregram • @losangelesfiredepartment Rev Dr Martin Luther King, Jr Day: Today we honor…" Get AC Transit Martin Luther King Jr Way & 22nd St (58557) stop realtime and schedule information. Located in Oakland, CA. She once said Martin Luther King Jr., reminded her of her beloved brother, Bailey, “small, beautiful speaking voice,” and that when King sat down Discover "I have a dream" - Martin Luther King Jr as it's meant to be heard, narrated by Kristina Leon. Free trial available!
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2020-12-15 · Martin Luther King Jr., once said, "Human progress is neither automatic nor inevitable…Every step toward the goal of justice requires sacrifice, suffering, and struggle; the tireless exertions and passionate concern of dedicated individuals." Se hela listan på kinginstitute.stanford.edu Martin Luther King jr. var en borgerrettsforkjemper i USA på 1950- og 1960-tallet. Han var en av lederne for den ikke-voldelige kampen for den svarte befolkningens likestilling i det amerikanske samfunnet. Martin Luther King Jr., nato con il nome di Michael King Jr. (Atlanta, 15 gennaio 1929 – Memphis, 4 aprile 1968), è stato un pastore protestante, politico e attivista statunitense, leader del movimento per i diritti civili degli afroamericani. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. had two siblings: an older sister named Christine King Farris, and a younger brother named Alfred Daniel "A.D." Williams King.
Hosteeva - Double on Martin Luther King Jr - A-HOTEL.com
Located in Oakland, CA. She once said Martin Luther King Jr., reminded her of her beloved brother, Bailey, “small, beautiful speaking voice,” and that when King sat down Discover "I have a dream" - Martin Luther King Jr as it's meant to be heard, narrated by Kristina Leon. Free trial available!
26 409 bilder, fotografier och illustrationer med Martin Luther
A passionate speaker with the Recipients of the 2021 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Community Service Awards Announced. Lifetime Service - Alicia Mathurin, Annie Wright Schools Director of Feb 20, 2019 Martin Luther King Jr. dealt with anger in both his personal life and life's work. He often tried to turn his anger into constructive action, but he did The only cities that have celebrated Dr. King's Birthday annually since 1984 are Atlanta, Georgia and Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Martin Luther King, Jr., född 15 januari 1929 i Atlanta i Georgia, död 4 april 1968 i Memphis i Tennessee, var en amerikansk pastor, aktivist och framstående ledare inom afroamerikanska medborgarrättsrörelsen. Han är mest känd som en symbol för utvecklingen av medborgerliga rättigheter i USA och runt om i världen, med hjälp av fredliga metoder efter Mahatma Gandhis läror. King har blivit en nationell symbol för den moderna amerikanska liberalismens historia. Detta
Martin Luther King, Jr. was a social activist and Baptist minister who played a key role in the American civil rights movement from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968.
Aktiemäklare utbildning göteborg
Detta Martin Luther King, Jr. was a social activist and Baptist minister who played a key role in the American civil rights movement from the mid-1950s until his assassination in 1968. King sought Born in Atlanta, Georgia in the United States of America, Martin Luther King is famous for campaigning for the rights of African Americans during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s and his assassination in 1968 Mannen med en dröm När Martin Luther King var tre år hade han en vit lekkamrat. När pojkarna var sex år sa kamraten att hans pappa sagt att de inte kunde leka tillsammans längre. Martins föräldrar förklarade att det var för att han var svart och hans lekkamrat vit.
Hylla denna man och vad han stod för. Jämställdhet är viktigt! Martin Luther King, pastorn som trodde på fredlig protest, talade till de hundratusentals människor som samlats i Washington D.C. med orden: "Jag är glad att
Martin Luther King växte upp i ett USA där svarta och vita behandlades olika. Hela sitt liv kämpade King för de svartas rättigheter. Kings arbete ledde till att
härmed Bran att föresla Dr Martin Luther King Jr, Atlanta,.
Sven göran andersson
Luther King was originally christened Michael King Jr. (his father’s birth name). After a family trip to Germany, Michael King Sr. decided to change his own name. M artin Luther King, Jr., (January 15, 1929-April 4, 1968) was born Michael Luther King, Jr., but later had his name changed to Martin. His grandfather began the family’s long tenure as pastors of the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, serving from 1914 to 1931; his father has served from then until the present, and from 1960 until his death Martin Luther acted as co-pastor. Martin Luther King III (left) and Dexter King Credit: Getty Images - Getty Born October 23, 1957, King III is an American human rights advocate and is the oldest son of Dr King.
A passionate speaker with the
Recipients of the 2021 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Community Service Awards Announced.
Martin Luther King Jr. National Historic Site Atlanta, GA
The civil rights leader was born Michael King Jr. · 2. Dr. King got a C in public speaking at seminary Jan 18, 2021 University of Maryland student-athletes share how Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. inspires them on the day we remember him for his amazing On 26 Nov. 1961, King came to Cleveland and addressed 3,900 people in 2 church services at ANTIOCH BAPTIST CHURCH; later that afternoon he appeared on Jan 1, 2020 Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929—April 4, 1968) is considered one of history's greatest speakers and social activists. His leadership in Apr 4, 2019 Why was King in Memphis? On Feb. 1, 1968, Memphis garbage collectors Robert Walker and Echol Cole were crushed to death when a garbage Apr 6, 2018 The legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr., is to say No to a culture of death and Yes to a complete transformation of culture to protect and nourish every Mar 30, 2018 By 1967, King's philosophy emphasized economic justice as essential to equality . And he made clear connections between American violence Apr 4, 2018 His grand fight against poverty, militarism, materialism and racism undercuts the superficial lip service and pretentious posturing of so-called Jan 9, 2008 He achieved his most renown and greatest successes in advancing the cause of civil rights while leading a series of highly publicized campaigns Apr 4, 2018 Louis Menand writes about Martin Luther King, Jr.,'s Holt Street Church speech, from December 5, 1955, to the organizers of the Montgomery Oct 31, 2016 Martin Luther King, Jr. Students will watch a short video and engage in two primary source activities in order to explore how King's deep-seated Jan 15, 2018 In this installment of OG History, writer Jenn M. Jackson explores the radical nature of Martin Luther King Jr., whose legacy, she says, was Jan 18, 2021 SAN FRANCISCO (KGO) -- On what would have been his 92nd birthday, Martin Luther King Jr.'s daughter Dr. Bernice King sat down with Martin Luther King, Jr., född 15 januari 1929 i Atlanta i Georgia, död 4 april 1968 i Memphis i Tennessee (mördad), var en amerikansk pastor, aktivist och Mannen med en dröm. När Martin Luther King var tre år hade han en vit lekkamrat.
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Martin Luther King - En ledare är en förebild – Företagande.se
Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech is the most famous portion of the August 28, 1963, March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. But King’s speech was less heralded during the balance of his own lifetime than it has become since his death by assassination on April 4, 1968. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta on January 15, 1929. He was the average of three brothers born of the marriage of Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta Williams King.


Jiri DienstbierAdd to Lightbox Download
*En_President Vaclav Havel came to the U.S. shortly after the Velvet revolution in February 1990. He met with president George Bush Sr. and gave speech to the joint session of Congress. The speech was important because Vaclav Havel was the first head of state from former communist block to visit the US after the fall of the Berlin wall. Havel's presidents visit to the US helped to restart Czech-US relations, which were mostly frozen from 1948.
* Cz_ Prezident Vaclav Havel na prvni statni navsteve v USA. Vyjmecna a dnes jiz legendarni "Cesta snu" byla popsana a zminovana medii, (napr. Respekt c.8_2010) Cestou do USA navstivil Pesident Havel Island a Kanadu.
- VACLAV HAVEL_USA_1990_ 19.jpg
- (c) Tomki Nemec
- Image Size
- 2981x2051 / 2.1MB
- Contained in galleries


SK8FACE is a feature documentary film about the history and evolution of skateboard art and culture. Witness the evolution of skateboard art from a simple 2x4 with roller skate wheels to skateboards hanging in museums all over the world. The film is a 70 year journey, beginning in the 1950s when skateboards were simple planks of wood, to today when skateboards are considered major works of art. SK8FACE is a historical look into how skateboard art has created its own subculture while simultaneously influencing modern pop culture.
Within the film viewers can see through the eyes of these iconic artists and skateboarders, touching on their first hand experiences of the stories of the art (both past and present), while they continue to push ahead on their own paths. These elements enable the viewer to appreciate the history of skateboard art, realize its connection and influence on the modern art world, and also illustrate today’s independent creators and cultural influencers. Skateboarding is now a global phenomenon.
SK8FACE tells the story of how the art on these iconic boards sparked a creative revolution.


Updated: Oct 9, 2020
For article 3 of Forgotten Women of Art History, we remain in Rome - the home to Sofonisba and Artemisia - but jump forward in time. I introduce you to Edmonia Lewis, born around 1844, the first African-American female artist to conquer the art world.
Edmonia’s beginnings were difficult to say the least, her mother was a Chippewa India, and her father, African-American. Edmonia - or Wildfire, which was her native Chippewaen name - was left isolated on the fringes of two distinct minorities who refused to accept her. At only five years old Edmonia’s life worsened as she became an orphan. A life-changing event for even the most protected of children. Edmonia remained in the care of her mother’s nomadic tribe until she became a young woman, then fled the Northern Midwest for Oberlin College, Ohio.
In 1859, Edmonia was accepted to Oberlin Fine Arts, where she shed her wildfire roots and transformed into Mary Edmonia Lewis. For mid-19th century America, Oberlin was way ahead of its time, it accepted students from a variety of backgrounds; race nor sex appeared to be a problem for these progressive classrooms. Unfortunately, what seemed too good to be true, was exactly that. The promise of acceptance that Oberlin offered to students like Edmonia was falsified; after only a few months of studying at Oberlin, the young artist was accused of attempting to poison her flatmates. The claims, unsurprisingly, turned out to be phoney and the charges were dropped, but only after Edmonia had to endure a highly publicised and humiliating trial. The whispers of Artemisia Gentileschi’s rape trail ring oh-so-familiarly only this trial was about a Black woman and was, therefore, undoubtedly race related. Resulting in beatings from white vigilantes, this innocent young woman was, for want of a better word, terrorised. Edmonia, no matter how much she wanted to succeed to Oberlin, was fiercely denied a chance to develop as an artist. The “forward-thinking” environment of Oberlin was not all it claimed to be. To make matters worse, the college board - most likely predominately white - decided to deny graduation from Edmonia, as not long after her trial, another accusation was burdened upon the young artist; the stealing of art supplies. These series of events are not coincidental, nor are they innocent, they are racially and abusively charged. We must remind ourselves, the slave trade was only abolished in 1864, so whilst colleges like Oberlin may have attempted to create a desegregated environment, the overarching facist ideology of America, and most of its population, may have catalysed the painful experiences we see students like Edmonia endure. How different this artist’s experience at Oberlin College would have been if she were a white, privileged student.
Suffering from a loss of hope and prospect, Edmonia’s brother encouraged her, in tow with financial support, to move to Boston. Edmonia’s life changed drastically upon her arrival, where she met Edward Brackett; a self-taught sculptor, author and conservationist. Brackett and Edmonia met out of divine intervention. The young artist became Brackett’s student and her sculptural capabilities promptly flourished under his instruction. The bad taste of Oberlin College soon dissolved, if anything, her unfair experiences pushed her further towards success. Edmonia was determined to be a sculptor, despite all obstacles. With a new-found confidence, Edmonia began to produce sculptural portraits of anti-slavery campaigners such as John Brown and Colonel Robert Goud Shaw - a Boston hero who celebrated all-African-American 54th Regiment of the Civil War. Edmonia’s work was popular and became, rather speedily, sought after. The prosperous sales of her portrait busts financed her first trip to Europe in 1865. From an isolated orphan to a self-sufficient artist, I cannot help but feel proud of Edmonia, her circumstances did not define her, she battled forward despite a difficulty that is very seldom presented to white people, if it is at all.
From Boston to Europe, Edmonia chose to settle in Rome - a smart choice for any budding artist - where she rented a studio near the Piazza Barberini. Rome has always been the epicentre of art; the ruling city of the arts during the mid-19th century. Whilst engulfing the Roman way of life, Edmonia became acquainted with numerous white American creatives in Rome, like actress Charlotte Cushman and sculptor Harriet Hosmer. Italy was popular for all artists, but especially sculptors, because of the availability of fine white marble and Italian stone carvers who could assist and render for an artist. But Edmonia was distinct among her generation of sculptors, she rarely employed help and almost all of her work was completed by her own artistic hand.
The events at Oberlin likely made Edmonia fearful and cautious; it was better to go slowly, and go alone, than to chance being subject to fraud or inauthenticity. Unique, strong, and determined, the background that held the young artist back, later on propelled and distinguished her from other sculptors. As her practice grew, the artist’s subjects began to incorporate African-American and Native American figures and stories. These subjects, with their representation through sculpture, were original and refreshing, differing from the repeated - ivory in aesthetic and context - neoclassical sculptures of the era. Edmonia had the confidence to represent not only her blackness, but others; her sculpture Hagar, 1875, depicts the enslaved Egyptian woman, Hagar, who Biblically became associated with Black women and slavery through stories. Although the work was made in Europe, there is a strong attachment to American social and political concerns, as Hagar explores slavery and therefore, the abolition of African culture. There is an overwhelming sense of bravery and courage in the way Edmonia works. We must Her subject matters are fiercely personal to Edmonia, metaphorically and literally, as a Black female artist. Her work is bold and defiant, it demands respect and acknowledgment.
Being a female artist can be exhausting and thorny but being a Back female artist transcends this on many levels. Edmonia, living in America, had added oppression and hardship. Her ability to make a living from her sculptures, and growing to relative artistic fame in one of the most renowned cities in the world, Rome, was exceptional. Time and time again we see the world attempt to dampen female artists, but skill, real and genuine skill, with fire and determination, is impossible to extinguish. Mary Edmonia Lewis was the first sculpture of African-American and Native American descent to achieve international recognition. And rightly so.


Quatela Center for Hair Restoration
973 East Avenue
Rochester, NY 14607
The Lindsay House was built in 1878 by Alexander Millar Lindsay, of Sibley, Lindsay and Curr. He built the house for his wife, four daughters and three sons. The house was a three-story Victorian mansion designed by James G. Cutler. The homestead extended from Barrington to Berkeley, and from East Avenue to Park Avenue.
Over the next twenty years, considerable changes were made to the house. In 1900, the sun room was added. It was the "crowning glory" to Mr. Lindsay's creation and provided the future setting for the weddings of all four Lindsay daughters.
The sun room overlooks a boxwood rose garden originally designed by renowned landscape architect Allen DeForest. DeForest also designed gardens and landscapes for Eastman, Bausch, Lomb and Gannett in the Rochester area. Mr. Lindsay resided in the home until his death in 1923. He was eulogized by George Eastman in a wake conducted in the sun room.
The home remained in the Lindsay family until the late 1940's when it was donated to the Rochester Health Association, which provided needed community services, including Operation Friendship.
Dr. Quatela's skilled hands and artist's eye set him apart from other hair transplant surgeons. Learn why so many men and women choose the Quatela Center for Hair Restoration.
The Lindsay House came to the market and was purchased by Vito C. Quatela, M.D. in 1992. Dr. Quatela soon entered into a complete historical restoration and expansion project on the house's exterior, interior and gardens. During the restoration project, the historic garden was painstakingly moved off site to a nursery. It was returned to the site in sections and replanted in its original 1900 form when renovations were completed.
Dr. Lee's first priority is providing compassionate, quality care. She believes hair restoration can change lives, and, at the Quatela Center for Hair Restoration, shes seen it firsthand. Having trained under Dr. Quatela, she has mastered advanced hair transplant surgical technology and technique and creates remarkable results for her hair loss patients.
The Lindsay House is now home to the Quatela Center for Plastic Surgery, Lindsay House Surgery Center, Quatela Center for Hair Restoration and Q the Medical Spa at Lindsay House located on the third floor.


Although there are lots of streets, alleys and lanes in the Square Mile, you will never find a road. That’s because ‘street’ only became popular after the 17th Century.
This ancient narrow lane gets its name from the grain that was once threshed here. Seething is an Old English word for chaff.
St Olave’s church on the corner is one of the smallest in the City and one of only a few medieval City churches that survived the Great Fire of London in 1666. Samuel Pepys lived at the Navy Office on the street and often attended services at St Olave.


Exodus 38:21-40:38 Complete Jewish Bible (CJB)
Parashah 23: P’kudei (Accounts) 38:21–40:38
[In regular years read with Parashah 22, in leap years read separately]
21 These are the accounts of the tabernacle, the tabernacle of the testimony, recorded, as Moshe ordered, by the L’vi’im under the direction of Itamar the son of Aharon, the cohen.
22 B’tzal’el the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Y’hudah, made everything that Adonai ordered Moshe to make. 23 Assisting him was Oholi’av the son of Achisamakh, of the tribe of Dan, who was an engraver, a designer and a weaver in colors — in blue, purple and scarlet yarn and in fine linen.
24 All the gold used for the work in everything needed for the sanctuary, the gold of the offering, weighed 29 talents 730 shekels [1,930 pounds], using the sanctuary shekel.
25 The silver given by the community weighed 100 talents 1,775 shekels [6,650 pounds], using the sanctuary shekel. 26 This was a beka per person, that is, half a shekel [one-fifth of an ounce], using the sanctuary shekel, for everyone twenty years old or older counted in the census, 603,550 men. 27 The hundred talents of silver were used to cast the sockets for the sanctuary and the sockets for the curtain — one hundred sockets made from the hundred talents, one talent [sixty-six pounds] per socket. 28 The 1,775 shekels [fifty pounds] he used to make hooks for the posts, to overlay their capitals and to make fasteners for them.
29 The bronze in the offering came to 4,680 pounds. 30 He used it to make the sockets for the entrance to the tent of meeting, the bronze altar, its bronze grate, all the utensils for the altar, 31 the sockets for the courtyard around it, the sockets for the gateway to the courtyard, all the tent pegs for the tabernacle and all the tent pegs for the courtyard around it.
39 From the blue, purple and scarlet yarn they made the garments for officiating, for serving in the Holy Place; and they made the holy garments for Aharon, as Adonai had ordered Moshe. (RY: v, LY: ii) 2 He made the ritual vest of gold, of blue, purple and scarlet yarn, and of finely woven linen. 3 They hammered the gold into thin plates and cut them into threads in order to work it into the blue, purple and scarlet yarn and the fine linen crafted by the skilled artisan. 4 They made shoulder-pieces for it, joined together; they were joined together at the two ends. 5 The decorated belt on the vest, used to fasten it, was of the same workmanship and materials — gold; blue, purple and scarlet yarn; and finely twined linen — as Adonai had ordered Moshe. 6 They worked the onyx stones, mounted in gold settings, engraving them with the names of the sons of Isra’el as they would be engraved on a seal. 7 Then he put them on the shoulder-pieces of the vest to be stones calling to mind the sons of Isra’el, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
8 He made the breastplate; it was crafted by a skilled artisan and made like the work of the ritual vest — of gold; blue, purple and scarlet yarn; and finely woven linen. 9 When folded double, the breastplate was square — doubled, it was a hand-span by a hand-span. 10 They set in it four rows of stones: the first row was a carnelian, a topaz and an emerald; 11 the second row a green feldspar, a sapphire and a diamond; 12 the third row an orange zircon, an agate and an amethyst; 13 and the fourth row a beryl, an onyx and a jasper. They were mounted in settings of gold. 14 The stones corresponded to the names of the twelve sons of Isra’el; they were engraved with their names as a seal would be engraved, each name representing one of the twelve tribes.
15 On the breastplate they made two pure gold chains, twisted like cords. 16 Also for the breastplate they made two settings of gold and two gold rings, and they put the two rings at the two ends of the breastplate. 17 They put the two twisted gold chains in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate 18 and attached the other two ends of the twisted chains to the front of the shoulder-pieces of the ritual vest. 19 They also made two gold rings and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, at its edge, on the side facing in toward the vest. 20 Also they made two gold rings and attached them low on the front part of the vest’s shoulder-pieces, near the join, above the vest’s decorated belt. 21 Then they bound the breastplate by its rings to the rings of the vest with a blue cord, so that it could be on the vest’s decorated belt, and so that the breastplate would not swing loose from the vest — as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
(RY: vi, LY: iii) 22 He made the robe for the ritual vest; it was woven entirely of blue, 23 with its opening in the middle, like that of a coat of mail, and with a border around the opening, so that it wouldn’t tear. 24 On the bottom hem they made pomegranates of blue, purple and scarlet, and woven linen; 25 and they made bells of pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates all the way around the hem of the robe — between the pomegranates, 26 that is, bell, pomegranate, bell, pomegranate, all the way around the hem of the robe for service — as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
27 They made the tunics of finely woven linen for Aharon and his sons, 28 the turban of fine linen, the splendid headgear of fine linen, the linen shorts, 29 and the sash of finely woven linen and blue, purple and scarlet yarn, the work of a weaver in colors — as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
30 They made the ornament for the holy turban of pure gold; wrote on it the words, “Set apart for Adonai,” like the engraving on a seal; 31 and tied a blue cord on it to fasten it to the front of the turban — as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
32 Thus all the work for the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, was finished, with the people of Isra’el doing everything exactly as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
(LY: iv) 33 Then they brought the tabernacle to Moshe — the tent and all its furnishings, clasps, planks, crossbars, posts and sockets; 34 the covering of tanned ram skins, the covering of fine leather and the curtain for the screen; 35 the ark for the testimony, its poles and the ark-cover; 36 the table, all its utensils and the showbread; 37 the pure menorah, its lamps and their arrangement for display, its accessories and the oil for the light; 38 the gold altar; the anointing oil; the fragrant incense; the screen for the entrance to the tent; 39 the bronze altar with its bronze grate, poles and all its utensils; the basin with its base; 40 the tapestries for the courtyard, with their posts and sockets; the screen for the entrance to the courtyard, with its ropes and tent pegs; all the utensils for the service in the tabernacle, the tent of meeting; 41 the garments for officiating, for serving in the Holy Place; the holy garments for Aharon the cohen; and the garments for his sons to serve in the office of cohen.
42 The people of Isra’el did all the work just as Adonai had ordered Moshe. 43 Moshe saw all the work, and — there it was! — they had done it! Exactly as Adonai had ordered, they had done it. And Moshe blessed them.
40 (RY: vii, LY: v) Adonai said to Moshe, 2 “On the first day of the first month, you are to set up the tabernacle, the tent of meeting. 3 Put in it the ark for the testimony, and conceal the ark with the curtain. 4 Bring in the table, and arrange its display. Bring in the menorah, and light its lamps. 5 Set the gold altar for incense in front of the ark for the testimony, and set up the screen at the entrance to the tabernacle. 6 Place the altar for burnt offerings in front of the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting. 7 Set the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put water in it. 8 Set up the courtyard all the way around, and hang up the screen for the entrance to the courtyard.
9 “Take the anointing oil, and anoint the tabernacle and everything in it — consecrate it with all its furnishings; then it will be holy. 10 Anoint the altar for burnt offerings with all its utensils — consecrate the altar; then the altar will be especially holy. 11 Anoint the basin and its base, and consecrate it.
12 “Then bring Aharon and his sons to the entrance of the tent of meeting and wash them with water. 13 Put the holy garments on Aharon, anoint him, and consecrate him, so that he can serve me in the office of cohen. 14 Bring his sons, put tunics on them, 15 and anoint them as you anointed their father, so that they can serve me in the office of cohen. Their anointing will signify that the office of cohen is theirs through all their generations.”
16 Moshe did this — he acted in accordance with everything Adonai had ordered him to do.
(LY: vi) 17 On the first day of the first month of the second year, the tabernacle was set up. 18 Moshe erected the tabernacle, put its sockets in place, put up its planks, put in its crossbars and set up its posts. 19 He spread the tent over the tabernacle and put the covering of the tent above it, as Adonai had ordered Moshe. 20 He took and put the testimony inside the ark, put the poles on the ark, and set the ark-cover above, on the ark. 21 Then he brought the ark into the tabernacle, set up the curtain as a screen and concealed the ark for the testimony, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
22 He put the table in the tent of meeting on the side of the tabernacle facing north, outside the curtain. 23 He arranged a row of bread on it before Adonai, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
24 He put the menorah in the tent of meeting across from the table, on the side of the tabernacle facing south. 25 Then he lit the lamps before Adonai, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
26 He set the gold altar in the tent of meeting in front of the curtain 27 and burned on it incense made from aromatic spices, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
(LY: vii) 28 He set up the screen at the entrance to the tabernacle. 29 The altar for burnt offerings he placed at the entrance to the tabernacle, the tent of meeting, and offered on it the burnt offering and the grain offering, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
30 He set the basin between the tent of meeting and the altar and put water in it for washing, 31 so that Moshe and Aharon and his sons could wash their hands and feet there — 32 so that they could wash when entering the tent of meeting and when approaching the altar, as Adonai had ordered Moshe.
33 Finally, he erected the courtyard around the tabernacle and the altar and set up the screen for the entrance to the courtyard.
(Maftir) 34 Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of Adonai filled the tabernacle. 35 Moshe was unable to enter the tent of meeting, because the cloud remained on it, and the glory of Adonai filled the tabernacle.
36 Whenever the cloud was taken up from over the tabernacle, the people of Isra’el continued with all their travels. 37 But if the cloud was not taken up, then they did not travel onward until the day when it was taken up. 38 For the cloud of Adonai was above the tabernacle during the day, and fire was in [the cloud] at night, so that all the house of Isra’el could see it throughout all their travels.
Haftarah P’kudei: M’lakhim Alef (1 Kings) 7:51–8:21 (A); 7:40–50 (S)
B’rit Hadashah suggested reading for Parashah P’kudei: Revelation 15:5–8
Hazak, hazak, v’nit’chazek!
Be strong, be strong, and let us be strengthened!


A Family Tradition
Serving You for Over 65 Years
The Steak House was opened in 1957 by Fred and Annie "Jo" Howey. At that time, the restaurant was only the front two dining rooms and Fred and Jo raised their three children, Dave, Dale and Kay in the apartment directly above the main dining room and kitchen.
In 1979 their eldest son, Dave and his wife Barb, purchased the family restaurant and converted the garage and parking spaces into the third dining room we call the"Tea Room", paying homage to the Orange Tea Room that was in this location prior to 1957.
Geoff and I purchased The Steak House from my parents in 2005 to become the third generation to have the honor to welcome you and your friends and family to "our house". We hope you enjoy your dinner, our company and our fine town!
- Chris & Geoff Coffee
MEET OUR HEAD CHEF
Andor developed a 'taste' for cooking as a teenager in his hometown of Clifton, NJ. He developed his skills at Johnson & Wales University in Providence, RI acquiring a BS degree in Culinary and Restaurant Management. After 25 years in the hotel restaurant business, he left his executive chef position at the Embassy Suites to open his own restaurant in Gaines, PA. Andor's "highway joint" Big A's served the Tioga & Potter County locals as well as the thousands of tourists traveling across PA on scenic Route 6.
In 2013, Andor joined the Steak House family. His passion for the craft of cooking is served in every dish he prepares. When he is not in the kitchen, Andor can be found with clubs in hand at the local golf course.


Pentagram Sealing Wax and Stamp
The pentagram, also known as "pentacle", has a rich and dynamic history. It has been used for centuries in various parts of the world including by the Pythagoreans, later philosophers, and magicians. Seal your letters and parchment with the pentagram on bold red sealing wax.
- Boxed kit (3 1/8 x 4 1/2) includes natural wax and a metal seal.
- Sealing wax with Pentacle / Pentagram symbol


The flagship branch of the legendary Indian
restaurant first opened its doors on Rusholme's
Wilmslow Road back in 1987, kickstarting the now famous Curry
. 30 years on and it is still regarded as a pioneer on the Manchester Curry Scene serving classics such as Chicken Tikka Masala and Lamb Rogan Josh, alongside dishes such as Hyderabadi Biryani and Karahi Lamb Punjabi, all 100% Halal
and made with locally sourced ingredients. Open until midnight during
the week and 01:00 at weekends.


Hello student, and welcome to the second part of your “Hidden History” module. This time, we’ll be looking at the part played by UNIT (United Nations Intelligence Taskforce) in the late 20th century alien invasion epidemic. This short era, as touched upon last time, is a favourite of mine.
It’s almost as if Earth was some sort of prize in a competition of Galactic Conquest! Cybermen, the Nestene Consciousness, even Daleks all set foot on Earth during this time. Yet they failed to get a foothold on our world, for at least 100 years in the case of the Daleks.
Each of you, reading this finds this incredible, I know. But 20th century man armed with primitive projectile weapons fended off demonic aliens from the past, shape-shifting Zygons and even our friend the Master! We’ll look at the proof.
During the 1970s, Lethbridge-Stewart was a colonel in the Scots Guard investigating the origin of a bizarre cobweb in the Old London Underground transport network. His report refers to the involvement of an aging scientist known as Travers and also robotic “Yeti”. My own research into this period suggests an attempt by the elusive “Great Intelligence” to gain a foothold on Earth. Records of this period also detail meetings held between Lethbridge-Stewart and representatives of the United Nations Security Council.
A year or so later, a company called International Electromatics was involved with the development of the recently invented microprocessor. It had also been subverted by the galactic gypsies we know as Cybermen. Lethbridge-Stewart, now a Brigadier and leader of the newly formed UNIT managed to not only repel the Cyberman invasion but also formulate a response to the Mondasian’s first strike – microchips in every piece of electrical equipment capable of disabling humans.
A year or so later, Lethbridge-Stewart, now a Brigadier and leader of the newly formed UNIT, was instrumental in the sealing of a vast underground complex. This was the home of a colony of Earth Reptiles, who we know as biped creatures from over 20 million years ago. The attack was in response to the Eocenes’ (erroneously referred to in Lethbridge-Stewart’s report as “Silurians”) attempts to both unleash a plague on mankind (thwarted by the brilliant Dr Elizabeth Shaw) and their attempt to disperse the Van Allen radiation belt. These “Evil Eocenes” or “Slithery Silurians” are as we know now valued members of our society, and no offence is intended to these Terrans.
A little before this episode, UNIT fended off a spearhead by implausible plastic purveyors the Nestene Consciousness.
Some months later, UNIT repelled a second attack by the Nestenes, aided as we’ve already seen by the Master. This was the Nestenes’ second assault in as many years – even their plastic manipulating couldn’t help them gain a foothold on oil-dependent Earth!
The Master himself was foiled on countless occasions as we saw last time, employing extraterrestrial assistance many times, including the Axons, a water-borne race of Earth Reptiles and an ancient power from Daemos, the last of his kind. How Lethbridge-Stewart was able to overcome such terrors is unknown. There is the suggestion of outside help, yet this is never explicitly stated – I certainly have found no suggestion of this.
Some commentators have speculated that Lethbridge-Stewart himself was guilty of launching various schemes using the existence of some “criminal mastermind” as a pretext, relegating the Master to a series of smokescreens. Could Lethbridge-Stewart really have been driven by a quest for power spanning 25 years? More reasonable theories suggest he himself was extraterrestrial, or certainly possessed of amazing intelligence. After all, how else could he have succeeded in defending the Earth so often?
It may seem as though the majority of these cases were possibly flukes, that UNIT got lucky, old time “British” luck and a swift uppercut winning the day. But although these concepts perfectly describe to us 20th Century Britain, they are a world away from the period we are analysing – as much as 50 years out of date. Besides, how exactly do you “get lucky” against the Daleks, the most evil force in the universe?
In the late 1970s, a force of 15 Daleks attacked Auderley House, the home of respected politician and entrepreneur Sir Reginald Styles. Styles at this time was hosting peace talks with the aim of averting a Third World War; according to Lethbridge-Stewart’s report, the Daleks intended to destroy the conference, thus guaranteeing such a conflict. How Lethbridge-Stewart comes to this conclusion is unknown…
Next time, we’ll investigate more of Brigadier Alistair Gordon Lethbridge-Stewart and look at his legacy – a world free of alien occupation, armed to help itself against all but the most determined invaders!


Silves is a beautiful traditional Portuguese town that is located a short drive away from the coastal resorts of the central Algarve. Once a great historical importance town and the former capital of the Algarve, Silves makes an interesting town to visit for a day trip. Silves is located on a hill above the River Arade with plenty of steps and cobbled streets that take you to one of the best preserved castles in the Algarve.
Silves, or “Shilb” (as the Arabs called it) is a town founded by the Arab conquerors of the Iberian peninsula. Although the town itself has been settled since the Paleolithic, the castle on the hill was built in the 8th century. At the end of the 12th century it fell to the Christians, but was retaken by the Islamic conquerors shortly after. This is probably why a portion of the castle walls have had to be reconstructed, and for a long time there were big gaps in the walls.
Silves is a great town to visit at any time of the year with plenty of things to see and do there. It has everything from gastronomy to music, museums and book fairs. Silves has a variety of good coffee places, bars and restaurants, which can be found throughout the town. There are plenty of live music events happening there during summer season, where you can grab a drink or something to eat and soak up the atmosphere of this ancient town.
Silves is also well known for its Medieval festival. Usually held in the middle of August, the whole town becomes alive at night. There is plenty of entertainment for the whole family. You can dress up in medieval garb, dance listening to medieval music, buy some accessories in the street markets and bazaars, watch some belly dancing, jousting shows, and obviously taste some great authentic food. The whole Silves gets transformed into a real living museum and you feel like you are being taken back in time. What an amazing experience!


For almost sixteen years, Judy has been creating folk art paintings.
Pennsylvania German fraktur, a centerpiece of Judy's design work has taken her to new levels in recent years. Fraktur comes from the German word for "fracture", a description applied to the broken look of letters done in early calligraphy. Based on a style practiced primarily by ministers and schoolmasters of 18th and 19th century Pennsylvania German communities, fraktur consists of symbols and calligraphic writing passed on from earlier European roots. Popular motifs, include birds, angels, tulips, mermaids and animals. Early scriveners, as many of the professional fraktur artists were called,often made their own pigments which was mixed with a type of gum binder made from the oak or cherry tree. Pigments were sometimes liquified in whiskey and mixed with iron salts to became iron gall ink. Using quill pens and brushes made from domestic cat hair, fraktur artists decorated deeds, baptisimal and marriage certificates (taufscheins), hymnals, writing samples (vorschrifts) and book plates. Laid paper, made from pulp pressed through a small mesh screen, was first used, replaced later by wove paper.
Based on extensive research, Judy's original watercolors reflect a thorough knowledge of the subject. Her original interpretations are available online, and through discriminating shops and galleries, including Four Winds Craft Guild and Sylvia Antiques on beautiful Nantucket, Massachusetts, where her originals are sold.
For the past five years, Judy has been selected by Early American Life Magazine for the Best Craftsman Award, awarded each year to only 200 crafts people nationally who have distinguished themselves for their master craftsmanship and adherence to historic accuracy.
She has been a participant in The Newport Showhouse Guild Showhouse and has been featured in New England Showhouse, New England Interiors, Early American Life, and Cape Cod Life magazines.
all rights reserved


- Row Boats - Picnic Facilities - Company Events - Fun
Welcome to Highland Lake, a
privately owned lake open to the public for more than 100 years for
fishing, boating, special events and fun. Located less than a mile northwest
of Mead, Colorado, Highland Lake is owned and operated by the family of Mary Mead Jensen
whose grandfather, Lorin C. Mead, homesteaded this property in 1871.
Open daily in the
summer for family fishing and boating. Want to hold a family or company
party at the lake?
Call 720-980-5158 for more information about how to have a


Benton County Timeline
1541 - Spanish conquistador Hernando de
Soto, traveling from Florida, discovered
the Mississippi River.
- His party journeyed up the Arkansas to
the west as far as present-day Oklahoma.
1682 - French explorer La Salle traveled from
Mackinac Island on the Great Lakes to
the upper Mississippi, thence descending
to the Gulf of Mexico. La Salle claimed
the entire Mississippi Valley, named
Louisiana, for France.
1762 - France ceded Louisiana to Spain by the
secret Treaty of Fountainbleau
1800 - Spain ceded Louisiana back to France.
1803 - Louisiana Purchase doubled size of the
United States by transferring c. 828,000
sq. mi., including future Benton County,
- New lands (all located to the west of
the Mississippi) designated as Louisiana
Territory, with headquarters at St. Louis.
1806 - Territorial legislature created District
of Arkansas as one of five districts; it
included present AR and most of OK.
1812 – Louisiana Territory renamed Missouri
Territory; Arkansas District became
Arkansas County, with its seat of
government at Arkansas Post.
1819 - Arkansas County separated from
Missouri, becomes Arkansas Territory.
1827 - Major William Lovely, an Indian
Agent, purchased land from the Osage
Indians that later became Benton County.
1828 - Washington County established by
Territorial Act. Included future Benton
County, plus parts of Madison and
- Osage Indians are moved west from the
area that would become Benton County.
- Adam Batie, first white settler, moved
to area near where Maysville is today.
1831 - Influx of white settlers from Carolinas,
Tennessee, Kentucky, and Georgia
1832 - Tobacco cultivation introduced from
1833 - John Keith of Maysville is reported to
be the first white child born in what
became Benton County.
1836 - Arkansas admitted as 25th state of the
union, on September 30.
- Benton County is established as 34th
county, on the same day.
1836 - Benton County and Bentonville named
in honor of long-time Missouri Senator
Thomas Hart Benton, who promoted
- Bentonville chosen to be County Seat.
- First General Store opened in
1837 - Cherokee Indians forced to migrate
from Eastern States through Benton
County to Indian Territory (now
Oklahoma). The route has been named
"The Trail Of Tears."
1839 - First school in Benton County opens at
1840 - First Commercial apple orchard is
1846 - Abraham Whinnery of Spavinaw enlists
for the Mexican-American War and later
becomes the first Army General from
1857 - Bentonville establishes the county’s
first "Poor Farm" for the indigent.
1858 - Butterfield Stagecoach Line, from St.
Louis to San Francisco, establishes stops
at Elkhorn Tavern and Callahan Springs,
in what is today Rogers.
1860 - U.S. Army constructs Telegraph line to
Fort Smith along Stagecoach Road
which is today known as Old Wire Road.
- Federal Census reports Benton County
has 1,486 households composed of 8,905
Whites, 380 Blacks, and 16 Indians.
1862 - Battle of Pea Ridge (Elkhorn Tavern),
the largest battle fought west of the
Mississippi River. It prevented
Confederate forces from advancing into
- Downtown Bentonville is largely
destroyed by fire related to Civil War
1872 - Bentonville establishes first free Public
Grade School in Benton County.
1873 - Bentonville is re-incorporated.
1874 - Pea Ridge Academy opens with high
school and vocational courses.
1875 - Benton County Medical Society
established with five members.
1881 - St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad
(Frisco) reaches Benton County.
The first passenger train arrives in Rogers on May 10.
Rogers is named in honor of Captain C. W. Rogers, manager of the Frisco.
Avoca is moved to present location; Avoca's old location becomes Brightwater.
Lowell (formerly Mudtown) is established along the Frisco Route.
Post office and newspaper opened in newly incorporated town of Rogers.
James H. Berry, of Bentonville, is elected Governor of Arkansas.
1883 - Bentonville Branch Railroad opens
May 1; linked Bentonville with Frisco's
main line in Rogers.
1885 - Town of Sulphur Springs laid.
1886 - Much of downtown Rogers is
destroyed by fire. - Stroud's General
Merchandise Store opens for business in
1888 - Bentonville establishes school for blacks that operates until 1932.
Rogers opens its first free public School.
First Benton County Fair held in Bentonville.
The town of Garfield is incorporated. Formerly known as Blansett.
- Bentonville is site of the Bentonville
Evaporating Company whose plant used
800 bushels of apples a day to make
1889 - Kansas City, Ft. Smith & Southern
Railroad reaches Sulphur Springs. It
would later become the Kansas City
Southern Railway that operates today
through Western Benton County -
Sulphur Springs, Gravette, Decatur,
Gentry, and Siloam Springs.
1892 - Rogers holds first local Chautauquatype
1893 - Henry Starr gang robs the People's
Bank of Bentonville.
- The Macon-Carson Distillery, the
largest west of the Mississippi River,
opens in Bentonville.
1894 - The town of Gentry is established.
- Post Office renamed Orchard in 1897.
- Town incorporated in 1898 as Gentry.
Post Office re-renamed Gentry in 1900.
- William Jennings Bryan, two-time
Democratic Presidential candidate and
famed orator, is featured speaker at
- Large commercial shipments of apples
from Benton County commenced with
Rogers shipping 287 carloads.
1898 - Rogers telephone office opens.
- Electric arc lights and board sidewalks
are installed in Rogers.
- The Arkansas & Oklahoma Railroad of
Bentonville starts building new line
from Bentonville that reaches Grove,
Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) by
- Two young men from Bentonville see
fighting in the Spanish-American War
with Teddy Roosevelt’s Rough Riders.
1900 - Extraction of pearls for buttons from
White River mussels becomes major
- William “Coin” Harvey, famed
financial writer, arrives Benton County
and begins creation of the Monte Ne
1901 - Benton County produces 2.5 million
bushels of apples - the most of any
county in the United States.
- Bentonville celebrates orchard business
with its first Fruit Fair.
- Rogers is noted as being the largest
town in Arkansas that is not a county
1902 - Coin" Harvey opens 4.11 mile long
Monte Ne Railway.
1904 - Rogers fails in its effort to move the
County Seat from Bentonville.
- First Public Library opens in Rogers.
1905 - Kruse gold mine opens in Rogers but soon fails due to lack of Gold.
Large vinegar plant opens in Rogers to process cull apples unfit for shipment.
The Rogers White Lime Company begins operations in Cross Hollows section of Rogers.
1906 - U. S. Weather Bureau opens in Bentonville, the smallest town in the U.S. to have a Weather Bureau Office.
1908 - Confederate Memorial monument in Bentonville is unveiled.
1909 - First Automobile Agency in Benton County opens in Rogers.
1912 - New York City orphans and foundlings arrive on "Orphan Train" in Rogers for possible adoption.
1913 - Ozark Trails Assn. formed to promote travel and tourism in four-state area.
1914 - Bank of Rogers collapses and creates severe hardship in that area.
Arkansas Northwestern Interurban
Railroad starts short-lived operations between Rogers and the Park Hotel in Bentonville.
1915 - Rogers builds new water and sewerage plant following severe typhoid epidemic.
1918 - Influenza epidemic sweeps the world
and kills 7,000 in Arkansas: more than
three times the number killed from
Arkansas in World War I, then in
The Linebarger brothers begin
development of Bella Vista resort.
1919 - John Brown University (originally
Southwestern Collegiate University)
founded in Siloam Springs by Methodist
evangelist John Brown, Sr.
Benton County apple crop peaked at five million barrels, worth $5,000,000.
Arkansas General Assembly grants women the right to vote.
1920 - Captain Field L. Kindley, a World War I Flying Ace from Gravette, is killed in aircraft accident.
1921 - Large-scale broiler chicken production begins in Benton County.
Benton County ranked as largest egg producing County in Arkansas.
Allen Canning Company begins operations in Siloam Springs.
1923 - First Apple Blossom Festival is held in Rogers.
1924 - John Brown purchases almost the entire town of Sulphur Springs, including several historic hotels and spa buildings, to establish another JBU campus.
1927 - Heavy floods hit Arkansas and
devastate its agricultural economy.
First 4-H Club established in Benton
1929 - First golf course built at Bella Vista.
1930 - Highway 71 constructed between
Rogers and Bentonville.
Wonderland Cave nightclub opens in Bella Vista.
1932 - William "Coin" Harvey of Monte Ne
runs unsuccessfully for President on Liberty Party ticket.
The First Girl Scout troop in Benton County is founded in Rogers.
Federal Government's WPA Program offers Benton County men the chance to earn up to $12.00 a week on roadwork.
William Sullivan, last Bentonville Civil War Veteran, dies at 86.
1935 - Pet and Carnation Milk Companies establish milk processing plants in
1936 - Rogers's Lake Atalanta constructed as WPA Project.
Bentonville's Louise Thadden, a famous aviatrix, is first woman to win the Bendix Transcontinental Air Race.
1937 - Carroll Electric Cooperative established to bring electric power to rural areas of Benton County.
1942 - Bates Memorial Hospital, the first modern hospital in Benton County, opens in Bentonville.
1945 - Rogers Municipal Airport opens with a 50-foot (wide) sod runway.
1947 - Munsingwear plant opened at 4th and Oak in Rogers (the round-top building, now part of Tyson’s operation).
1948 - Hastings chicken hatchery, then the world's largest, opens in Rogers.
1950 - Sam Walton opens Walton’s Five and Dime store on Bentonville Square.
1954 - Rogers Tool Works opened (as TRW/Wendt Sonis Co.).
- Benton County Historical Society (BCHS) is founded in Bentonville.
1956 - Television comes to Northwest Arkansas.
1960 - Army Corps of Engineers begins work on Beaver Dam, which will impound a major part of the White River and create
1962 - The First Wal-Mart store opens in Rogers.
1963 - Pea Ridge National Military Park
Cooper Industries, Inc., purchases much of Bella Vista and begins large scale resort development.
The Frisco discontinues rail passenger service in eastern Benton County.
1968 - Shiloh Farms Community, founded in New York State by E. Crosby Monroe, moves to its historic 117-acre site in the Sulphur Springs town center.
1969 - The Kansas City Southern ends passenger service in western Benton County.
1972 - President Nixon signs bill establishing the Buffalo National River, after a long struggle led by Dr. Neil H. Compton of Bentonville.
1975 - Rogers Historical Museum opens in downtown Rogers.
1978 - Volunteer-run recycling center is opened in Rogers.
1989 - Bekaert tire cord plant opens in Rogers as first foreign-owned (Belgian) plant.
1990 - Benton County has 97,499 residents including 24,367 in Rogers.
1992 - Sam Walton, Founder of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., receives the Medal of Freedom from President George Bush.
Two weeks after receiving the nation's highest civilian award, Mr. Walton died.
1995 - Northwest Arkansas Community College opens Central Education Facility at Bentonville.
1998 - President Clinton dedicates Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport (XNA) at Highfill.
1999 - Interstate 540 completed from Benton
County to I-40 west of Alma.
“Two-ton Loop” pipeline carries badly needed
water from Beaver Lake to western parts of Benton and Washington Counties, ensuring active development.
2005 - John Walton dies when his ultralight aircraft crashed after taking off from an airport in Jackson, Wyoming
For more Information contact the
Benton County Historical Society
P.O. Box 1034
Bentonville, AR 72712
479-273-3890 or 479-756-1901


Sale ends soon!
71 x 32 inches. Cardboard cutout of Sitting Bull, the famous holy man of the Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux tribe. During the years of Indian resistance to the government policies of the United States, Sitting Bull led his people as a tribal chief. The Battle of the Little Bighorn developed Sitting Bull to be the most important of all Native American chiefs. Sitting Bull attracted many Native Americans recruits to his camp for both security in numbers and his generosity. He recruited an estimate of 10,000 people. Our cardboard cutouts are printed to order and made in Pennsylvannia, they take 7-10 business days for processing and printing, plus shipping time.


The beautiful backdrop of Ilkley Moor and it’s legendary Cow and Calf rock formation has made the town of Ilkley famous.
Set in the picturesque valley of the River Wharfe at the gateway to the Yorkshire Dales this pretty spa town offers a wide range of activities to the discerning traveller. The beautiful countryside is perfect for walking and outdoor pursuits whilst tree-lined streets in the town are highly regarded for their wide range of quality shops, cafes and restaurants.
Ilkley is steeped in history dating back to AD 70 when the Romans arrived and built a fort. It remained a sleepy hamlet right up until the 19th Century when it became a fashionable to ‘take the water’ and Ilkley quickly grew into an elegant spa town. Evidence of this era remains in the form of White Wells Cottage, an old stone bathhouse nestled into the moor which dates back to 1690.
The Manor House Museum traces Ilkley’s history from prehistoric times and houses the Art Gallery.


A variety of businesses have passed through the doors of 180 Queen Street since the lot was plotted in Port Perry’s earliest days.
Though our little town was incorporated in 1871, the community itself had long since been established, with many entrepreneurial families founding their livelihoods on the banks of Lake Scugog. The choice location was Queen Street, popularized by a magnificent view of the lake, and access to various trade routes. As the town expanded, and infrastructure secured, a bold harness-maker named John Cody became the first to lay the foundation and set the capstone over the doors of our historic building.
By 1870, the site was shared with photographer Henry Mackenzie, who remained in the building for over fifteen years. Mackenzie would divide the storefront and second-floor offices with two other businesses, including ‘Carl the Butcher’, then ‘Lainy and McHarry Hardware’ in 1875.
When Port Perry’s infamous fire of 1884 swept through, the walls of this place on Queen were destroyed alongside many of our neighbors. Ousting the dentist and ‘Corrigan and Campbell General Store’, who laid claim to the site at the time, 180 Queen was eventually rebuilt into what would become ‘Purdy’s Grocery and Crockery’ store.
Purdy would have to reconstruct the building again, after yet another fire in 1901 left him with only the original foundation and a few salvaged items. His construction is the very same building in which our very own company rests.
Over the next century, 180 Queen would pass through the hands of over ten businessmen and women, hosting a similar variety of grocery, deli, restaurant, and bakeries. Most recently, it was home to ‘Queen Street Commons’, which housed four eco-friendly, fair-trade, and sustainable product and café service retailers. These retailers merged in “The Eco Port” over the last few years.
In September October 2020, local baker Elizabeth Werner stepped over the historic threshold and established what we endearingly call ‘That Place on Queen’. Living up to the memories of the past, the floors and rafters of That Place on Queen will yet again house the loving entrepreneurship of a local family, calling in the surrounding community with their alluring fresh-baked goods along with local artisans, fair trade, organic coffee and eco friendly products.


Tribal Tattoo DesignsTribal Tattoo Designs Many cultures throughout the world have at one time or another
practised tattooing: the decoration of the body by puncturing the skin in a specific design andinserting an indelible pigment.
A survey of the worlds tribal tattoo designs reveals an enormous variety. One unifying factor is the use of black pigment,
which leavesa bluish colour on the skin. Whilst the practice of tribal tattooing has beendeclining, there has been an upsurge in what could be
termed new tribal tattooing,especially in Western countries.
Here, the original tribal tattoos are applied but without any of the associated cultural
links. In particular, Dayak and Kayan tattoo designs from Borneo are popular and, and to a lesser extent, tribal tattoo designs originating from
the Pacific islands
As the origins of art are rooted in early cave paintings, so positive proof of Tattooing is obtained from recent
discoveries of ancient frozen mummified remains of early man that are covered in Tattoos. Oldest Tattooed body known to date is that of a
Bronze Age man who died over 5000 years ago.
He was found frozen intact in an Italian glazier. Researchers where startled at close examination he was found to have both arms,
legs and torso covered with elaborate Tribal Tattoo Designs representing mythical creatures. 15000 BC ice age rock carvings show Tattooed
figures, 4200 BC Egyptian mummies wear Tribal Tattoos.
Archeologically validated works of art showing Tribal Tattoo Designs started to appear about 30000 years ago. One must not forget
that, with the exemption of mummies, all art on the Human body disappears into the fire or ashes along with its bearer.
Western culture now has a widespread resurgence and acceptance of the Tribal Tattoo Designs practice of Tattooing. More
and more research on Tribal people, their arts, Tattoos, and lifestyles, and more and more available images of Tattooed people have led to
western peoples interest in Tribal Tattoos.
Pretechnological designs (i.e.,Black Tribal Tattoo Designs) give the wearer a link to the origins of all present human society, a
past Tribal Tattoo culture wherein the Tattoo had an inner meaning to the wearer , not just a modern symbol of our present culture such as a
Mickey Mouse Tattoo.