The 2nd, which was dated 8th September, intimated that, owing to a pointy assault of bronchitis, there was no chance of The author’s attending the ceremony, but dependable that every little thing would go off perfectly Which The nice folks of Ossett might be delighted with the outcomes of Mr Kendall’s labours. Mr Brook also read an extract from Miss Pickard’s will.
Bates was an case in point to adhere to and what Bates experienced completed in his crafting about country people today, Barstow felt he could generate about the Operating course folk he experienced acknowledged all his lifetime. Edward Garnett, among the greatest literary editors had at the time proposed to H.E. Bates that “The trail on the (writer’s) artwork is endlessly difficult.”
In August 1963 the floor Place was elevated by 50% following alterations. A completely new modern day dispensary was built in a again place, which was formerly applied as a kitchen area.
The Beretta 92 and variants are used by the next actors in the following films, Tv set sequence, anime, and video games:
had been bought to Michael Joseph for an advance in royalties of £one hundred twenty five. It had been an excellent Christmas for your Barstow family that calendar year.
She died over the 18th January 1866, nearly five years right after Ingham, aged 87. Ingham was of course fond of her sons, however extravagant or un-businesslike they might are which was an ominous situation for his likely British heirs. The second son, Domenico had thought of planning to Marsala to operate with Ingham's nephew Joseph Ingham to understand the wine trade. Nonetheless, at the time he satisfied the dour Joseph in Palermo, he quickly improved his head and Obviously the two youthful Adult males did not get on.
"Any doubt which can have existed as for the prisoner's condition has considering the fact that been dispelled, and it is now particular that there was no pregnancy."
E-mail Me Ben Fern is Energetic being an agent within the real-estate field since 2005. His Original desire in the sector arrived in 2000 by way of the acquisition of his very first financial investment home. Ben continued to obtain and lease residences until eventually he had procured five Qualities; all of which he taken care of and managed as soul proprietor.
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Stan Barstow was to some degree impressed with this particular very sassy and eye-catching young lady. Right before lengthy, while in the parlance of that point, they have been “courting.” Connie hailed from Ossett, where by she lived together with her widowed mother and elder sister Vera. Her father Arnold Kershaw were the supervisor on the butchery department at Ossett Co-op, but experienced died when Connie was only eight many years old.
While in the early 1800s, Sicily in conjunction with Malta turned the centres of English trade during the Mediterranean. find out here From these destinations, the products and solutions of the British colonies and Individuals from British sector have been smuggled into the blockaded ports together the coast with the Mediterranean. By 1811, British troops in Sicily numbered some 17,000. Nevertheless, Ingham and his fellow English retailers were not there to satisfy the desires of the military plus the Mediterranean fleet, but because the geographical position of Sicily was well suited for shipping items secretly into the western coastline of Italy and also to southern France.
In the course of September and Oct 1816, although Whitaker was in Naples, he was bombarded by complex letters packed with Recommendations and also shopping lists from his Uncle Benjamin. He was anticipated again in Palermo by the end of October at the pretty most current, but William Whitaker experienced disappeared fully from the horizon or was simply stringing his uncle together to delay returning. There have been no replies to Ingham's letters and by November, he was furious and despatched this letter to his nephew:
thirty with a great appetite and was very cheerful. He considered a salad he had eaten mainly of didn't concur with him and was taking carbonate of soda to be a solution. He died without having a battle and his funeral came about on the 7th March and was pretty numerously attended."
The area, by the way, was the Duchess's Bed room. Completely we invested a very pleasurable night. The Duchess are unable to talk a word of English or French, but was quite polite and confirmed us all kinds of nooks and crannies in her household. And I was specially overawed with the magnificent assortment of essence bottles and a variety of aids to attraction marshalled on her bathroom desk.


William Francis Pepper is a barrister in the United Kingdom and admitted to the bar in numerous jurisdictions in the United States of America.. William Pepper was a friend of Martin Luther King in the last year of his life. Some years after King’s death, Bill Pepper went on to represent James Earl Ray in his guilty plea, and subsequent conviction. Pepper believes that Ray was framed by the federal government and that King was killed by a conspiracy that involved the FBI, the CIA, the military, the Memphis police and organized crime figures from New Orleans and Memphis. He later represented James Earl Ray in a televised mock trial in an attempt to get Ray the trial that he never had.
He then represented the King family in a wrongful death civil trial, King family vs. Loyd Jowers and “other unknown co-conspirators.” During a trial that lasted four weeks Bill produced over seventy witnesses. Jowers, testifying by deposition, stated that James Earl Ray was a scapegoat, and not involved in the assassination. Jowers testified that Memphis police officer Earl Clark fired the fatal shots. On December 8, 1999, the Memphis jury found Jowers responsible and found that the assassination plot included also “governmental agencies.” The jury took less than an hour to find in favor of the King family for the requested sum of $100.
Pepper has written two important books on the Martin Luther King assassination, Orders to Kill — The Truth Behind the Murder of Martin Luther King, and An Act of State, the Execution of Martin Luther King. A third and final volume has been recently completed.
Since 2007, William Pepper has represented Sirhan Sirhan, the gunman convicted in the assassination of Senator Robert F. Kennedy in June 1968. Pepper assembled a team to investigate the assassination, bringing his formidable writing and research skills to the case. Attorney Laurie Dusek has worked as an associate counsel, and Harvard University expert on hypno-programming Dr. Daniel Brown has done outstanding work in unlocking Sirhan’s mind during over 70 hours of visits.
Pepper’s website is http://www.williampepper.com/


Navigate serifos with
tan cruises & Transfers
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Need to travel to another destination? Do it in style with one of our boats.
Pick a cruise around Serifos or nearby islands and have our skipper as your guide.
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Chora & Livadi
with the island of Sifnos in the backround
The crown jewel of Serifos island is its capital, Chora,
a medieval castled settlement build amphitheatrically
on top of the rocky hill that overlooks the bay of Livadi.
Above the picturesque settlement of Chora, you can
see the preserved ruins of the Venetian castle build in 1434
by the Mikieli family.
That castle was one of the island’s defenses against
the pirate ships roaming and pilfering the area.
Sitting on the highest point of the rocky hill,
you will find Agios Constantinos church.
Up there, one can admire the breathtaking view of the
Aegean Sea as it spreads before us, engulfing Serifos
and the surrounding islands of Sifnos, Kythnos, Milos & Kimolos.
Part of the greek mythology
Acrisius, the king of Argos, went to the oracle at Delphi wanting to know whether he would have a child and the oracle warned him that hewould die by the hand of his grandson, born by his daughter Danae, who would succeed him to the throne. To protect himself, Acrisius locked Danae away in a cellar. However, he did not take into account the sudden love of Zeus, who came in through the roof as golden shower and gave her a son, Perseus.
sunset golden hour
The settlement has been founded in 1880 and it is located at the Southwestern side of Serifos in the homonymous bay. Megalo Livadi has known a big financial bloom during the period the mines started to operate, up untill 1963, when they finally closed.
The inhuman working conditions led the workers to the now famous 1916 revolt. The strike broke out on the 7th of August 1916, when the workers refused to load the minerals on a ship. The leader of the strikers is said to have been Konstantinos Speras.
The workers demanded eight-hour work, increase the day’s wages and the implementation of safety measures.
George Gromman, owner of the mining company asked the help of the Greek authorities and on the 21th of August a detachment arrived to supress the strike. Unfortunatelly the situation quickly got out of hand as casualties from both sides added up, to the already high ammount of lives the mines claimed.
Next to the building that used to house the company’s offices,
the visitor can see the Heroes Memorial , a modest reminder of the miners
bloody revolt in 1916, which is an integral part of the island’s history.
In the small seaside settlement there is also the church of Agios Ioannis Prodromos, with remarkable frescos dating from the 17th century.
We are Here For you


Itzhaki group is one of the largest and oldest private real estate groups in Israel.
The group has extensive experience in all areas of real estate – from ventures, residential construction, commercial property construction, public buildings, logistics and office buildings to marketing and sale of buildings, property rentals and management throughout the country and around the world.
The uncompromising quality and professionalism alongside personal and direct contact with the group’s clients have earned the great a reputation as a high quality and reliable company during its operational years.
In addition to its extensive real estate activities, the company operates in other areas, including grain storage, tree storage and more.
About the late Daniel Itzhaki
Daniel Itzhaki was born in Be’er Ya’akov in 1934. He was the great-grandson of Rabbi Yaakov Izhaki who founded the Yishuv in 1907 and Be’er Ya’akov is named after him.
Daniel Itzhaki started his career in managing the citrus orchards of the family, which spread over hundreds of dunams in Rehovot, Be’er Ya’akov, Rishon LeZion and other settlements throughout the country.
In the 70s, he became an independent contractor, having worked for many years with his brother and father, who was a building contractor.
In the 1980s, Daniel left to peruse his independent journey and founded the Itzhaki Group. The first building, where Itzhaki Group’s offices are located to this today, was built by Daniel Itzhaki in 1980 in the old industrial area of the Rishon LeZion “Beit Daniel”.
Since then, Itzhaki has built thousands of housing units, land-linked neighborhoods, high-rise buildings, nursing homes, commercial centers, including the first mall in Be’er Yaa’kov, industrial buildings, logistics centers and more.
Three words have guided Daniel Itzhaki throughout his years as a contractor: intuition, courage and determination. These are the words that led him to receive a seal of approval for the 2012 “multi-contractor letter” certificate.
The late Daniel Itzhaki was a member of the contractor’s organization in Roshon LeZion for many years.
Daniel Itzhaki passed away in April 2018 at the age of 84 and his son continues to lead the team.


Bar H. Fresh Farms is a family-owned farm with over 100 years of farming experience in western Kansas. As fourth-generation homestead farmers, Bar H Fresh Farms has a proud legacy and rich history and tradition stemming from Nicodemus, Kansas, the first all-Black settlement west of the Mississippi. We’re happy to bring our passion for farming and decades of experience to the community.
Following a CSA model, Bar H Fresh Farms produces poultry eggs and meat chickens, along with various fruits and vegetables. We strive to serve the community with fresh, healthy food options!


This ground-breaking snare design was used on the Snow Patrol “Re-Worked” UK Tour.
Adrian Darby, head of European A&R Ford Drums, said “It’s fantastic to be part of drumming history with Johnny and Snow Patrol. Ford have manufactured and supplied the first Corian Snare to a major performing artist worldwide. It was a moving experience to hear this special snare being played in such a prestigious auditorium”.
The range of Ford Corian Koenig Snares was showcased at NAMM In January 201


Location: Hartlebury Castle. c13
The inspection was carried out over a period of one week which included the former Bishops Palace and outbuildings. The purpose of the survey was to establish the existence of significant defects and linked costs associated with repairs. In addition a full M & E survey was completed together with various survey and risk assessments.


The origin of Netherne Printing Services
goes back to the 1930’s when the famous Netherne Hospital for the mentally
ill started to introduce occupational therapy work for the
patients. Initially woodwork, needlework, rug making and
basket weaving were made available but, shortly after,
a printing press was obtained and simple forms were produced
for internal use.
Eventually, the unit provided most
of the hospital’s
printing requirements and started to undertake outside contracts.
During the Second World War, the printing department helped
contribute to the war effort by repairing and rebinding books
for the Royal Air Force.
By 1956, the unit employed over 25
patients under the guidance of 6 technical staff. The
department by now met all the printing needs of Netherne
Hospital and other establishments of the South-West Metropolitan
Hospital Board, as well as working for commercial customers.
Apart from a large array of printing, guillotining, stitching
and folding machines, the department even possessed specialised
sign writing machinery.
From the early 1960’s, there
was a trend away from the large mental hospitals and Netherne
began a period of decline with the subsequent contraction
of the various occupational therapy units.
In 1993, Netherne Hospital was finally
closed down but the name lived on when the printing department
was relocated in a self-contained unit within an industrial
estate in Dorking under the name of Netherne Printing Services.
Under the auspices of Priority Enterprises (part of the
then Surrey Oaklands NHS Trust), Netherne Printing Services
evolved into a print and finishing Social Firm, operating
on a commercial basis and meeting almost all of its running
costs through sales to both the public and commercial sectors.
Netherne Printing Services now continues to create full
time employment for disabled people as well providing therapeutic
but meaningful production work for a number of volunteers.
In November 2006, we became an independent business, although
still keeping our status as a Social Firm.


Wednesday, April 13, 2011
Vintage Polish Poster Exhibition at CONNECT
The Spring CONNECT Graphic Design Conference will be held at the Merchandise Mart Conference Center on Thursday and Friday, May 5 & 6. The event kicks off at 6pm on Thursday evening with a screening of the documentary, "Freedom on the Fence". Executive Producer and Prominent collector of Polish posters, Martin Rosenberg, will introduce the film and further discuss the topic at the film's conclusion.
Freedom on the Fence is a 40-minute documentary about the history of Polish posters and their significance to the social, political and cultural life of Poland. The film examines the period from WWII through the fall of Communism, and captures the paradox of how this unique art form flourished within a Communist regime. The documentary contains interviews with older and younger generations of poster artists, examples of past and current poster work, historic and current film footage of where and how the poster is viewed, and commentaries from both American and Polish scholars and artists on the significance of the Polish poster as a cultural icon. Directed by Glenn Holsten and Andrea Marks, Executive Producer: Martin Rosenberg, Producer: Andrea Marks.
The CONNECT conference concludes on Friday evening with a reception for the Vintage Polish Poster exhibition at Gallery 180 of The Illinois Institute of Art-Chicago. The reception is from 5:30-7:30pm. Gallery 180 is located at 180 N. Wabash—corner of Lake and Wabash—in Chicago's Loop. Posters included in the exhibition are available for purchase. All of these events are free to the public.
You can find additional information on the CONNECT Graphic Design Conference at ai-connect.com


BOOZEFIGHTERS CHAPTER 119
Boozefighters Chapter 119 presents a Spring Breakout Party!
The Boozefighters are one of the first American working-class motorcycle clubs formed in California just after World War II. The Boozefighters Motorcycle Club (BFMC) roared onto the scene in 1946 when a wild bunch of roadhounds and veterans got together to ride fast and drink booze or vice versa. "Wino" Willie Forkner is recognized as the founder. The BFMC were at the renowned Hollister incident of July 4, 1947, which was immortalized by the movie The Wild One, starring Marlon Brando. Lee Marvin played the part of "Chino," which is said to have been based on Wino Willie. It is this history that is being preserved in the spirit of fellowship and good fun. The BFMC is one of the oldest active motorcycle clubs in existence.


Announcing the 2005 OESCA Centennial Year Calendar
To View the OES Throw click here
To View OES Pin click here
To view a sample of the calendar click here you must have adobe acrobat reader
Planning activities leading to the OESCA Centennial Celebration and marking important dates led to the concept of a special calendar commemorating the 2005 Centennial Year of the Old English Sheepdog Club of America.
It serves to honor some of the great dogs of the breed. How were they chosen? After consideration of several criteria, the decision was made to picture dogs and bitches that have won the National Specialty more than once. There have been, up through 2004, twelve of them, and some with three wins! Among the dogs pictured are many with great producing records and great all-breed show records.
Many of our local clubs, and now our Regions, hold Specialties and Supported Entries that are a very important part of our OES activities. Those local and Regional events for 2005 as reported to us by press time are noted on the calendar, with space for the name of the judge and the name of the winner. (All events are subject to AKC approval.)
This calendar will be a great record of the Centennial Year of the Old English Sheepdog Club of America, and on the Club's 200th Anniversary will certainly be a collector's item! And you can personalize it by recording on it your own OES events of 2005.
Although the older pictures are black and white, it is enlivened by decorative colored borders, lettering, and the Centennial Logo in color. The Challenge Bowl is on the cover, and included throughout the calendar are bits of the history of OESCA and the people and dogs of our first 100 years.
And what a great gift this calendar will make! Place your order now by sending a check (made out to OESCA, Inc. 2005 Centennial) or money order to:
3109 West Pioneer Road
Mequon, WI 53097
Price, $30.00 (includes U.S. postage and handling)


Writer & Co-Director
|Feature Documentary Film (Filming)
Edward Windus and Iram Qureshi
Evergreen Media Europe Ltd & Hillfort Productions
Feature documentary film on last surviving British person who participated in the Spanish Civil War.
The documentary is based around the interview of a Spanish Civil War veteran, a British man who went to fight in the International Brigades. For us these people are the ultimate heroes, men who saw the struggle against General Franco who was a precursor to the horrors of the Second World War and were willing to volunteer to risk their lives to prevent it from happening. Scorned by many, they were soon seen as ahead of their time.


Karel Hajek (photography) Vladimir Rypar (text): Norimberk: Zlocin A Soud (Nuremberg: Crime and Court) [£385.00]
Norimberk : Zlocin A Soud (Nuremberg: Crime and Court) with photographs by Karel Hajek and text by Vladimir Rypar (text in Czech). A striking and vital pictorial documentation of the 1945/46 Nuremberg trial in the aftermath of the Holocaust. Numerous images from the International Military Tribunal courtroom in sepia-toned gravure as well as war scenes and Nazi leaders (Nuremberg in ruins, party conventions, and high-ranking NSDAP party officials such as Hermann Goering, Rudolf Hess, Baldur von Schirach, Hitler, and others) plus some photographs of concentration camp atrocities that were entered into evidence. Hajek’s photos maintain a delicate balance between matter-of-fact reportage and the representation of the reactions of the participants. – – – – – – – – – This first edition small quarto in stiff photo-illustrated wrappers (with photos on verso as well) is in good general condition for what is a fragile item, with some edge, spine and surface wear, a small crease to the bottom front right cover corner. the interior is in very good condition with some light soiling. Beautifully printed by V. Neubert & Sons who are one of the most eminent gravure printers of the period.


Mirzapur is a city in Uttar Pradesh, India, roughly 650 km from both Delhi and Kolkata, almost 87 kms from Allahabad and 67 kms from Varanasi. It has a population of 2,496,970 of which male and female were 1,312,302 and 1,184,668 respectively(via:-census2011). It is known for its carpets and brassware industries. The city is surrounded by several hills and is the headquarters of Mirzapur District and is famous for the holy shrine of Vindhyachal, Ashtbhuja and Kali khoh and also have Devrahwa Baba ashram. It has many waterfalls and natural spots. It was once the largest district in Uttar Pradesh before the split up of Sonebhadra. There are a few cinema-halls. At first look the city appears to be a confluence of town, village and city life. Before the establishment of the town, the area was a dense forest and freely used by various states like Varanasi (A.K.A.:-Benaras), Sakteshgarh, Vijaygarh, Nainagarh (Chunar), Naugarh, Kantit and Rewa for Hunting. British East India Company had established this area to fulfill the needs of a trading center between central and western India. This time Rewa was a well-established state of central India and was directly connected with Mirzapur by the Great Deccan Road.Over the time Mirzapur became a famous trading center of Central India and started trading of cotton, and silk at very large scale. The East India Company named this place as Mirzapur. The word Mirzapur is derived from ‘Mirza’ which in turn is derived from the Persian term ‘Trip Kalchu which literally means “child of the ‘Amīr” or “child of the ruler”. In Persia‘ Amīrzād in turn consists of the Arabic title ‘Amīr (English. “Emir”), meaning “commander”, and the Persian suffix -zād, meaning “birth” or “lineage”. Due to vowel harmony in Turkic languages, the alternative pronunciation Morza (plural morzalar; derived from the Persian word) is also used. The word entered English in 1595, from the French émir. The meaning of Mirzapur is the place of King.


John Adams Critical Essays - eNotes.com.
John Adams was born October 30, 1735 in Braintree Massachusetts to his father John Adams and mother Susanna Boylston Adams. His father was a deacon, lieutenant in the militia, and farmer. John looked up to his father, more than anyone. Recounting later in his life that if he could go back in time he would become a farmer like his father.
To learn about John Quincy Adams. During his childhood these are some important events that happened. A little boy was born on July 11, 1767 in Braintree, Massachusetts. This little boy’s name is John Quincy Adams. When John was 10, he went with his father to France on a mission and acted as his father’s secretary. Also, from a hilltop near the family farm with his mother, he watched the.
John Quincy Adams was born in Braintree, Massachusetts, which is now known as Quincy, on July 11, 1767. He is the son of John and Abigail Adams. His father was the second president of the United States, and he served in office from 1797-1801. Adams admired his father very much.
Adams was born in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts in 1735, the eldest son of a New England farming family whose paternal ancestors had emigrated from England in the 1630s. His parents were.
Born on July 11, 1767, in Braintree, Massachusetts, John Quincy was the son of John Adams, a prodigy of the American Revolution who would become the second U.S. president just before his John.
John Adams. Search: Popular Topics:. Sensitive Item Essay. Significance of Keeping Very sensitive Items Secure In opening this essay will be covering the importance of keeping accountability of and protecting sensitive things and its effect it has and will have upon completing the mission. And maintaining Operational Security (OPSEC). I will also be covering the Army’s views and standards.
John Quincy Adams was a man of many titles, every was honored with good work. In every office that he served, he left a trek of good compliment and a fantastic job. In addition to the presidential name, he was the diplomat, a secretary of state, a senator and a great congressman.
John Quincy Adams was born on July 11, 1767, at Braintree (now Quincy), Mass., the son of John Adams, the second president. He spent his early years in Europe with his father, graduated from Harvard, and entered law practice. His anti-Paine newspaper articles won him political attention.
John Quincy Adams John Quincy Adams was the son of Charles Francis Adams where Charles was the youngest son of Adams. Charles studied diplomacy and politics. In 1870 bid to honour his father, Charles build the memorial presidential library in the”Old House” at Adams National Historical Park in Quincy, Massachusetts in the United States.
In 1764, she married John Adams and John Adams later became the second President of the United States. She was the first White House president to live in the White House. Abigail Adams was born on 11th November 1744. She lives in Pastor Weymouth, Massachusetts. This is a big house with plenty of rooms. Abigail lived with her parents William and Elizabeth Quincy Smith. - Abigail Adams biography.
John Quincy Adams (1767-1848) was the sixth president of the United States. A brilliant statesman and outstanding secretary of state, he played a major role in formulating the basic principles of American foreign policy. Born in Braintree (now Quincy), Mass. on July 11, 1767, John Quincy Adams was the eldest son of John and Abigail Smith Adams.
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Birthplace: Braintree, Mass. John Adams born on Oct. 30 (Oct. 19, old style), 1735, at Braintree (now Quincy), Mass. A Harvard graduate, he considered teaching and the ministry but finally turned to law and was admitted to the bar in 1758. Six years later, he married Abigail Smith.
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John Adams was born in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts, on October 30, 1735, the first of three children born to John Adams and Susanna Boylston Adams. His father was a modest but successful farmer and local officeholder. After some initial reluctance, Adams entered Harvard and received his bachelor's degree in 1755. For about a year he taught school in Worcester, Massachusetts.
For webquest or practice, print a copy of this quiz at the John Quincy Adams webquest print page. About this quiz: All the questions on this quiz are based on information that can be found at Biography - John Quincy Adams. Instructions: To take the quiz, click on the answer. The circle next to the answer will turn yellow. You can change your answer if you want.


I choose a Chef’s hat, a “toque” (in French), because for being a chef we have a lot of rituals and the hat is one of theses. The chef’s hat is a symbol for all chefs.
Could you think of a chef without a chef’s hat? I think everyone has an opinion about the famous chef's hat, but this is very old tradition. The real legend about the first chef’s hat originated in the empire of King Henry VIII when Henry VIII found a hair in his soup. He ordered to had the cook beheaded, and also ordered the next chef to start wearing a hat. Although chefs have worn special hats, or toques, for centuries, it wasn't until 19th century chef Carême redesigned the tall chef's hat. Carême believed that top chefs needed tall hats to distinguish them from the cooks in their kitchens. Careme was the most important chef in history. He made the French cook be recognized. He was the first chef who put the name in the preparations and recipes. All the terms we use today he wrote. He was the father of modern gastronomy.
The chef hat isn't for style but sheer practical use. They are for preventing every food eater's nightmare of finding hair in their food, purely and simply.
The modern chef's hat is tall to allow for the circulation of air above the head and also provides an outlet for heat. The hat helps to prevent sweat from dripping down the face. I heard that American chefs don't wear a toque, because they want be different from French chefs. For me is not hygienic.
The standard uniform for a chef includes a chef’s hat, double-breasted jacket, apron, trousers and shoes with steel or plastic toecaps, or clogs. When we put our uniforms we are ready to go into action and work with the food and make delicious meals. It's very important work properly in kitchen so why all our uniforms are white. We change our hats Every Day. They are disposable to ensure cleanliness. Now you guys know the true mystery of the chef's hat!! I hope you enjoy this explanation.


FUN FIND OF THE DAY
as was browsing through the paper back exchange english bookstore today i came across this fun find. it gives a brief history behind the street names in florence. this book is probably not something you would carry with you if you are touring around florence for the first time. i would assume that rick steve’s, fodor’s or let’s go might be your companions instead. however, when you live here you can’t get enough of curious little historical facts. for example, on many street signs you will see two different street names: the current name and the old name. and it can be interesting to understand that a street was called tintori (dyers) because at one time they dyed wool in that road. or onesta’ (which means honesty) is where the onesta’ department of the city government resided. the department was made up of "eight citizens who were supposed to oversee public morality"!. a lot of names are of course very straight forward like antinori where the antinori family had several houses or terme (thermal baths) where the roman thermal baths were. if you want to add useful and some useless informational tidbits to your journey through florence, this is a great resource!


Last week I promised that I'd share the inspiration behind my second book, Sam Bennett's New Shoes. Here's my rambling tale...
As I mentioned in my Door Day post, my family lives in an old colonial farmhouse that was built around the year 1720. Did I mention that it was a total disaster when we bought it, and that the realtors thought we were nuts? (In fact, we heard that a builder had wanted to buy it as a tear-down... don't get me started on that rant.) The house had sat vacant for over a year and our kids were very, very young. In hindsight, we were nuts! But the house had so much history. And we loved it.
So-- one day, my handy husband was hanging a chandelier in the dining room. He cut a hole through the plaster and put his hand inside and came out with... this boot. No kidding! Of course we wondered-- whose was it and what on earth was it doing there? 18th century hide-and-go-seek champion, perhaps? We filled it with dried flowers, put it on the mantel and pondered.
A few months later it was wintertime. And having nothing better to do, hubby was rummaging around in the basement. Mind you, when I say basement I don't mean the wall-to-wall carpeting, finished basement/rec room kind. I mean old house basement-- bulging stone walls, dirt floor and spider factory. But it is one of his favorite spots in the house because, seriously, an old house basement has tons of information about the age of a house and how it was constructed. So it really is pretty cool.
He was in a crawlspace section that had once been an outside porch, but was enclosed not long after the house was built, judging from the beams. As he was rummaging through old rocks and spoons and shards of pottery (since in the olden days people usually buried their trash outside) he found... this shoe. No kidding! It's hard to see in the photos, but there were still pegs holding it together. The leather was almost petrified. Now we were really curious!
As serendipity would have it, around that time Early American Life magazine ran an article about finding just these sorts of shoes hidden in old houses. They were called "concealment" shoes-- well-worn shoes that were past their useful life hidden on purpose, probably to protect the houses from malevolent spirits.
This set us off on a lot of research and, of course, sparked my imagination. Who wore the boot and the shoe? What was life like for them? Living in an old house naturally leads you to wonder these kinds of things anyway, but somehow the boot and shoe made it so much more immediate. They had taken on the shape of their owner's feet. They seemed so personal.
I thought about this for a few years, and eventually Sam Bennett came about-- a young boy growing up on a farm in colonial times gets his first pair of new shoes, and learns about the tradition of hiding old shoes from his papa.
In case you're wondering, through the years we've hidden our own children's shoes, too. After all, who couldn't use a little more luck?
Here's some more information about concealment shoes.


St Louis Ancient Coin Study Group
May ACSG Meeting will be held on May 16, 2019.
April Meeting: Coins of The 12 Caesars
Stay updated on events and discussions by joining the Ancient Coin Study Group on
Star Coins and More
1356 South Fifth St.
St.Charles, MO 63301
Tuesday - Friday 10:30 AM - 6:00 PM
Sunday and Monday Closed


Christopher Bell - East Harlem Historian. Raised and schooled in East Harlem. Chris holds a Master's Degree in History from City College and a Bachelor's of Science/ minor in Government from John Jay College.
He has written three books on East Harlem. His first two books: Images of America: East Harlem and East Harlem Revisited were published by Arcadia publishing in 2003 and 2010 respectively. Both are pictorial history books of the East Harlem neighborhood.
His latest book, East Harlem Remembered: Community and Diversity is an oral history of East Harlem. It was published by McFarland Publishing in 2013. His first book: Scapegoats: Baseballers was also published by McFarland in 2002. In addition to his writing, Chris has worked for the New York City Council and New York State Assembly. Finally, he interned at the William J. Clinton Foundation.


|1581||Vincent was born 24 April in Pouy (modern day St. Vincent de Paul), southern France, about four miles northwest of Dax.|
|1595||Vincent went to Dax for about two years as a boarder with the Franciscans to study for the priesthood.|
|1597||Vincent pursues university degree in Toulouse, residing at the College de Foix.|
|1600||He was ordained to the priesthood 23 September at the age of 19 by the very aged Bishop of Perigueux, Francois de Bourdeille in the village chapel of Chateau-l'Eveque.|
|1604||Vincent received the diploma of Bachelor of Theology from the University of Toulouse.|
|1608/9||Vincent arrived in Paris and took Pierre de Berulle as spiritual director.|
|1612||On 2 May he took possession of the church of Clichy, located north of Paris. The parish has about 600 parishioners, mostly peasant folk.|
|1613||At the advice of Berulle, Vincent entered the service of the Gondi family as tutor to their children and Chaplain of the Gondi Estates.|
|1617||On 25 January, at the request of
Madame de Gondi, Vincent preached his sermon on general confession at
the church of Folleville, France. This has traditionally been regarded
as the first sermon of the mission.
In the same year Vincent left the Gondi estates and traveled to Châtillon-les Dombes (eastern France), where he was named pastor 29 July. After encountering the needs of a poor sick family in August and inspiring an outpouring of generosity by parishioners, on 8 December he canonically established a group of lay women to provide organized material service to the poor: the Confraternities of Charity. The group evolved into the Ladies of Charity, an organization of lay women who offer care, concern, and relief to the poor.
At the insistance of Madame de Gondi and through the influence of Berulle, Vincent returned as chaplain to the Gondi estates in December.
|1619||In February Vincent was appointed Chaplain-General of the Galleys in Paris; he was able to stop many abuses to the galley slaves.|
|c. 1623||Vincent met Louise de Marillac (Vincent 42 and Louise 32).|
|1624||Vincent was named principal of the College de Bons Enfants, which later became the first Motherhouse (maison mère) of the Community.|
|1625||At the age of 44, Vincent formally founded the Congregation of the Mission 17 April with the financial help of Madame de Gondi to evangelize the rural poor. In 1632 Vincent made Saint-Lazare ("Lazarists" is a common European name for Vincentians) in Paris the community Motherhouse. This house was ransacked on 13 July 1789 by insurgents who stormed the Bastille the next day. In 1792, during the French Revolution, the buildings were confiscated; they were demolished at the beginning of the twentieth century. The present Motherhouse at 95 rue de Sèvres was transferred to the Congregation by the French State in 1817 in compensation for the old Saint-Lazare.|
|1633||29 November Vincent co-founded the Daughters of Charity with Louise de Marillac, to help the Ladies in their service of the sick and the poor -- doing the harder work to which the Ladies of Paris were not accustomed or suited. They were given official approbation in 1655 by the Archbishop of Paris. Vincent also began his Tuesday Conferences in July of this year.|
|1658||St. Vincent gave the Community (Little Company) the rule by which it was to be governed.|
|1660||Vincent died in Paris 27 September at the age of 79. Louise died the same year 15 March at the age of 69.|
|1729||Pope Benedict XIII declared Vincent to be Blessed 13 August.|
|1737||Pope Clement XII declared Vincent to be a Saint 16 June. Louise was declared a Saint in 1934.|
|1833||Frederic Ozanam founded the St. Vincent de Paul Society and was mentored in his approach to serving the poor by Rosalie Rendu, a Daughter of Charity in the Moufftard district of Paris.|
|1885||Pope Leo XIII declared Vincent to be the Patron of Charitable Endeavors that emanate from him in any way whatever.|
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ISLAMIC LAW AND CIVIL LAW: INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 7 OF THE CIVIL LAW ACT 1956
Islam existed in the Malaysian legal system since the Malacca Sultanate and survived through various periods of foreign colonisation. It once played a dominant role in the administration of the land. After Independence,the application of Islamic law is confined to Muslim personal laws and dealt with in Syariah Courts. Some scholars opine that laws passed by Parliament is not to be considered Islamic as they are not founded clearly on the Qur’an and Sunnah, the primary sources of Islamic law. Some others argue that since Islamic law in Malaysia could only be passed at the state level through State Legislative Assemblies and it is confined to respective states in Malaysia. At the federal level, the civil law dominates. This paper analyses laws in Malaysia, especially civil laws, which contain Islamic values as mandated by Shari’ah. This paper looks at section 7 of the Civil law as an example of civil law which contains Islamic values. The study is based on the method of case study and selected five court cases to shed light on the Islamic law embodied in section 7 of the Civil Law Act 1956, and how the judicial discretion exercised operates in the spirit of Islam.


Launched as a new website in the summer of 2007, villageloop.com had no page rank and no history whatsoever. Over the course of 9 months, the website surfaced to page #1 on Google for targeted key phrases. This was accomplished through a mix of on-site and off-site SEO techniques used in a moderate manner.
From the very start, villageloop.com was designed with the Search Engine Optimization in mind. All HTML and scripts were properly coded and the site was built following “best practice” guidelines set by Google and the other major Search Engines.
After the site was launched, programs were put in place to create frequent updates to the on-site content. At the same time, a link building campaign was put in place to begin generating relevant in-bound links. This included directory listings, article submissions, blog posts and press releases.
Over the next months, with an average effort of 5 hours a week, the website was ranked and began movement up the ranks to the first page.
Even today, months after the marketing efforts have ceased, villageloop.com still ranks on the page #1 of Google for the highly relevant phrase of “neighborhood websites”, “association websites” and the very competitive phrase of “community websites”.


Welcome to Prog Palace Radio
Prog Palace Radio is a Progressive Rock, Progressive Metal, and Power Metal Station.
The station began in the fall of 1999 under the name The Prog Palace playing everything in prog, but leaning towards the metal side. It was two years later the name changed to what it is today. It was during that time it went even more towards the metal side of the music when Power Metal was added to the playlist.
Today we are a Progressive and Power Metal Station and still have Prog Rock on our playlist as well.


|Getting the History mapping workshop underway
Senate Room, University Main Building, Tartu
Susanna is a wikipedian from Helsinki who has been recently very active in working with GLAMs (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) to build resources in the wikimedia commons.
|Tartu City plan dated 1941 with war damage overprint.
Note the streets in square H9, these were never built.
source Estonian National Archives via Wikimedia
We were divided into small groups and provided with a nice set of historical maps of Tartu (mainly from by the Estonian national archives) to frame our discussions. I was glad to see that everyone was interested in these historical maps. The summary of the workshop is to be found here. There were many good ideas. I particularly liked zkir's desire for a map of Paris in the time of D'Artagnan; and the use of historical vector maps and routing to illuminate aspects of historical geography).
The rest of this post is really here to add some more flesh to a few things which I mentioned in the workshop.
- Collection of Snapshots or an integrated temporospatial database. Vvoovv mentioned in discussion an expectation that any data would be stored as a set of discrete snapshots with some kind of as-at date I realised that I have been assuming that what we want to achieve is some kind of integration across times, allowing objects to be used across time. Obviously the latter is likely to present some difficult technical problems. My blog posts on persistence (here and here) and using OSM history to look at how we mapped Berlin were all partially concerned with one of these technical issues: potential database size. They were also motivated by the potential to reuse current spatial data from OSM for historical purposes.
The problem I foresee with a collection of snapshots is one of maintaining consistency between them. If someone refines an elaborate building outline (such as the old cathedral in Tartu) using current data for instance from a national survey), then ideally we could instantly reuse this data for earlier periods. I don't quite know how we do this, perhaps by replicating OSM changes to a historical database with some default time-stamp. More sophisticated methods would involve using some kind of persistent object identifier (this is a technology we could do with OSM itself, as I've argued before), which would allow much more selective replication.
There is a suitable half-way house. This is to start with snapshots, but ensure the temporal tagging can be generalised so that data shared between two snapshots can be merged (essentially a temporal equivalent of Ctrl-J in JOSM). This is the sort of thing we should be trying out on the HOSM sandbox.
- Improving the pre-processing of maps before vectorisation. This was an issue which Susanna raised and which is already the focus of extensive work. As I put an example on Flickr using a map from 1835 about 18 months ago with a detailed breakdown of my processing steps, I merely refer the interested reader to the description of the image below.
- Date stamp issues. These are of two types. The first just reflect imprecision in available sources. I imagine we need from and to dates expressed with the following types of precision markers: no_later_than, no_earlier_than, at_least_from (=already_existing_at), at_least_to (still_existing_at), existing_around, about. In addition precision may also exist in the date tags (e.g., 20C, 1914, 1914-08, 1914-08-04, etc). Furthermore even apparently accurate source date and times may have discrepancies (see the account of signal book times at the Battle of Jutland in Andrew Gordon's The Rules of the Game) let alone complications of local time prior to the railways. The second issue is probably more intractable. The example was Gaudi's basilica in Barcelona, Sagrida Familia. This structure started being built in the 1920s and is still under construction now. What do we choose for a start date? what do we mean when we allocate a start date? how many different start dates do we need? Large churches provide many such examples: the cathedrals of Ulm, Koeln, Liverpool and Orleans were all built over long time periods mainly to a consistent architectural plan. I can think of several "Bridges to Nowhere" which remained in an uncompleted state for many years (a recent example is the one just finished in Glasgow).
- What do we believe? It would be very foolish to take a Soviet era map as an accurate representation of what was on the ground during the period. However, any map will selectively map features according to the needs and biases of the cartographers, their users and their times. A hundred years from now a historian would look in vain on official maps for traces of places like Kibera in Nairobi. Similarly early US automobile maps deliberately excised railways. The collection of historical maps of Pittsburgh has relatively little information on the Steel industry in the period when it was the biggest steel town in the world. All of these examples how that we need to interpret the information in a map with care, and preferably use multiple maps in conjunction with other resources. This is not too bad : for one thing the detective work involved is fun.
Other things which either struck me or were mentioned by others:
- Changes in street names, numerous changes between German, Estonian and Russian, plus, no doubt, Soviet-era names which have now gone.
- Several buildings with a complex history of use and re-use. The example quoted in the workshop was a church on , but on visiting the old Cathedral this struck me as even more vivid example. The Old Cathedral fell into disrepair after the reformation, loosing the spires to its twin towers. Later the chancel was restored and used for nearly 200 years as the University Library, now it is the University Museum. This summer an open-air theatre is situated in the nave. Thus this single building covers both historical changes in fabric and usage.
- Interpretation Issues. On several of the maps features exist which were never built or features which existed were never shown (particularly on Soviet era maps). The Attenborough map above illustrates the former well as the railway line shown was actually built further S (just about visible on the current map). The Tartu map from 1941 also shows some planned streets which were never built. (Until quite recently the British Ordnance Survey did not show certain high-security installations, such as Aldermaston AWE, Burghfield ROF, GCHQ, and Fylingdales, even though they were often very prominent features on the ground). Soviet-era mas may also be deliberately generalised or distorted. Similarly NPE maps used by many of us a few years ago for OSM mapping in England and Wales were not reproduced in a way which guaranteed high accuracy at the 100m level (not to mention all the artefacts introduced by scanning and rectification).
- Networks Effects. Vectorised historical maps will enable the exploration of topics which were otherwise inaccessible: particularly how changes in the transport network impacts on the delveoping geopgraphy of an area. The example cited was the destruction of Tartu's bridges by the advancing Soviet army in 1944. As the bridges were not replaced for several years this affected how the city developed after the war. Obviously the arrival of railways and motorways would also have profound effects. On a minor scale small foor ferries disappeared along the River Trent sometime around the middle of the 20th century destroying once quite intimate links between riverside villages.


ORIGIN OF AFRICAN PRINT FABRICS
African fabrics are loved for their unique designs, colours, and hand made qualities. The African fabrics have deep and exciting cultural meanings. Generally, Africans use four different types of clothes depending on the tradition and value. The African clothes the tie dyes,weaves,batiks and the popularly know African industrial prints. This article will concern itself more with the African industrial print fabric and it’s origin.
The African print fabric is popularly called Ankara. The ankara has gained recognition in the countries of the world. Since 2010, the African print has gained worldwide recognition in the fashion industry. The ankara is mainly connected to Africa for its motifs and patterns.
Since the global recognition of the Ankara, there have being some suppositions as to the true origin of the fabric. The Ankara was originally called Dutch Wax Print, the Dutch were the producers. It is however worthy of note that although the Dutch Wasx Print was manufactured for the Indonesian markets, the fabrics found more expression in the West Africa. The Manufacturers of the Dutch wax were quick to spot the business opportunity in Africa and they decided to start making the fabrics to comply with the African heritage and culture. The Dutch continued to make their fabrics with the African lifestyle in mind and that was the birth of African print.
Ankara is one of the most popular and cheap traditional fabrics in Africa. It is popularly used in African and beyond. And, although many may like to contend the origin of the Ankara as purely European and not African, one will not be mistake to also state that Ankara is an African fabric considering the culture and lifestyle it represents rather than the place where it was first manufactured.
When you look at the African print, the African culture and style comes to mind. Africans are also naturally drawn to the Ankara as indigenous to them. One cannot wish away the influence of Dutch on the African print, Ankara, but the game has since changed and the Ankara is now in the hands of Africans to will and to do. And they have decided to continue to use it for the promotion of their culture.


April 1-3, 2011
Quartair is re-opened after the renovation of the gallery and the studios. The former bread factory is now the home of seven ateliers and the projects space.
The new building was officially opened by our guest speakers Peter Bos and Ingrid Rollema on Friday, April 1st, at 20:00
Performance, music and dance by: Shitcluster, MC Dance/Florito and The La-Z-Boys.
Seven artists were invited to exhibit during the event: Jasper van den Brink, Paul Devens, Danitsja van Dijk, Gilbert van Drunen, Heidi Linck, Urs Pfannenmuller, Iris Wassenburg.
Concept: Marlies Adriaanse and Pietertje van Splunter
Read more about the history of the building here (in Dutch only)
This exhibition was made possible with financial support from Gemeente Den Haag and Stroom Den Haag.
Review on Trendbeheer.com


Belshe & Prown (2012) - This image of an old Locomotive on the existing train tracks that bisect the Hamlet of Wassaic recalls the history of the milk trains that ran along this train line bringing dairy products from upstate to New York City in the 19th and early part of the 20th century.
Using street signage and Augmented Reality Technology, we will explore the history and impact of the NY Central Railroad Company on the Hamlet of Wassiac, NY.
We would installed several metal street signs around the area near and within the Wassaic Project that would contain information about the old New York Central Railroad Company. The signs were accompanied by an Augmented Reality Model that could be viewed via Smartphone of a scale locomotive sitting on the train tracks that divide the town. This virtual sculpture of an old locomotive will provide a historically relevant juxtaposition with the modern surroundings.


Selected Historical Restoration and Rehabilitation Projects:
The architect for this project was John Milner Architects of Chadds Ford, PA. The work involved renovation of the 18th century mansion, once General Washington's headquarters during Revolutionary War. We replaced the whole roof with new cyprus wood shingles. The 1935 wood sashes were replaced with historically correct windows.
Located in the East Jersey Olde Towne Village the house and the Runyon Barn are part of an open air museum.
Built around 1750 house has been totally renovated. Work on the barn included foundation stabilization and heavy timber carpentry. New windows and doors were also part of this project.
Exterior restoration work of a 1900 castle located on the border of Montclair and Verona included installation of a new Spanish clay tile roof, stone masonry restoration and addition of an ADA compliant lift. We also fabricated new and restored existing windows for this project.
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This history is from the Mecosta County Portrait and Biographical Album by Chapman Brothers, Chicago, 1883.
The Mecosta-Morton Area Historical Society has a DVD available. Anyone interested can purchase one for $15.00 or two for $25.00. Email M-MAHS.org or call (231) 972-8042. The dvd is 29 minutes long and is narrated by local residents.
Morton Township is numbered 14 north, of range 8 west, Congressional survey, and is bounded on the north by Martiny Township, on the east by Wheatland Township, on the south by Hinton Township and on the west by Austin Township. The Little Muskegon, its East and West Branches, and smaller tributaries, drain the township. In the western part are four good-sized lakes, and two smaller ones. the large ones are named Round Lake, Long Lake, Blue Lake and School Section Lake. The last named derives its name from the fact of being partly on section 16, the section which in every township is set apart for the benefit of the schools of the State. The recently constructed Detroit, Lansing & Northern railroad passes through the northeastern portion of the township.
Morton was organized as a civil township in January, 1877. The general census of 1880 gave a population to the township of 192. In 1879 it had 287 acres of improved land; in 1881 it had 642 acres. Its equalized valuation at the time of organization, in 1877, was 114,840; its present valuation is more than double that amount being $257,680. Its total vote in November, 1882, was 162. The township has had a marvelous growth in the last three years.
The first mill was built by John Van Vleck & Son, at Palo, Mich., on the north side of the Little Muskegon River, and afterward moved about four miles north of Mecosta Village, where it is now run by charles Van Vleck, John Van Vleck having died in 1880.
Back when the village of Mecosta was a little over four years old, it owed its existence and prosperity to the construction of the D. L. & N. railroad through this county. The opening up of a rich agricultural and lumbering district, by this road, made a station near the center of the county, where several years previous a large number of hardy tillers of the soil had settled to the south and east, and already had many thousand acres of land well under cultivation, an absolute necessity; for the farmer needed a market for his grain and produce, as well as a place to purchase supplies, while the lumberman needed a shipping point and base of supplies in order to carry on the business of manufacturing the sturdy pine (of which there is an immense forest to the north) into lumber, lath and shingles for transportation over the new railroad. Foreseeing this necessity, Weber Bros., of Ionia, who also had a large interest in the pine land at this point, E. B. Moore, of Edmore, and Giles Gilbert, of Stanton, formed themselves into a stock company and platted what has since been known as the village of Mecosta. The plat, which was duly recorded July 17, 1879, contains 120 acres, and is beautifully located on the East Branch of the Little Muskegon, at the junction of the Alma and Clinton State road with the D., L. & N. railroad, 16 miles southeast of Big Rapids and 12 miles northwest of Millbrook, and is about four miles east of the geographical center of the county. The company gave Amos S. Johnson, formerly of Sherman City, full power of attorney, and made him the resident agent for the sale of lots.
At that time nearly the entire plat was heavily timbered, although the greater portion of it is now cleared. The first lot was sold to Charles Cummings, of Stanton, shortly after the plat was recorded. The first building was put up by D. O’Brien about the 1st of October, 1879. H. W. Basingwaite, George Evans and A.S. Johnson put up buildings the same month, and John Van Vleck and son commenced the creation of a steam saw and shingle mill. During the fall and winter of 1879-80, several more buildings were put up by actual settlers, but not until the first of May, 1880, when trains commenced running regularly over the new road, did the young village experience a healthy growth.
The first store was a general grocery and supply store, kept on Main Street, where is now Parks Brothers’ hardware store, by H.W. Bassingwaite.
The post-office was established in December, 1879, and John Van Vleck was appointed Postmaster. His widow is now Postmistress.
The first hotel was opened by Ephriam LeGrange, in 1879, and christened the Mecosta House. It is on the corner of Main and Weber streets, and is now kept by Dominick O’Brien.
The village was organized as a school district in 1879, and the school-house, begun in 1880, was completed in 1881. This was a log building, and the first school was taught by Mrs. M.A. chipman. the same year, the present nice frame schoolhouse was completed, at a cost of $2,000.
The first religious society was of the Baptist denomination, organized by John Van Vleck, and held its meetings in the log school-house. In the fall of 1880, the Methodists sent a minister by the name of Hoag, who remained about one year, also preaching in the log school-house. Rev. J. Berry at present holds services in the town hall, but the society is preparing to erect a church on the west side of the river, at a cost of $2,500.
The first and only bank is the private bank of Gilbert & Wixson.
The Mecosta Planing Mills were built by Rathvon Bros., and started in the spring of 1883.
Mecosta Lodge, No. 93, A.O.U.W., was organized March 30, 1881. the present officers are A.S. Johnson, P.M.W.; C.W. Calkins, M.W.; A.R. Streeter, Recorder. The present membership is 28.
Mecosta Lodge, No. 55, K.O.T.M., was organized in 1882, and, like the A.O.U.W., is an insurance society. The present officers are R.D. Reed, S.K.C.; J.H. Waller, S.K.F.K.; L.W. Esselstene, S.K.R.K.
Mecosta has a good brass band, led by A.C. Waller, organized in May, 1882.
The following are the first village officers of Mecosta, elected April 2, 1883: President, A.S. Johnson; Trustees for two years, H.M. Trussell, C.W. Parks, J.W. Pierce; Trustees for one year, J.W. Ferris, D.O’Brien, A.R. Streeter; Clerk, C.M. Calkins; Street Commissioner, E. LaGrange; Constable, Marvin Spencer; Assessor, E.A. Davis.
The business interests of the village are represented by the following firms:
Beard, Henry, wagon shop
Black, George, general store
Bromley Bros., livery stable
Calkins, C.W., furniture store
Conrad, E.S., photograph gallery
Cooley, L.D., drug store
Carman, M., general store
Duley, R.H., Wilson House
Diller, Mrs. George, dressmaking
Evans, Mrs. R.G., notions
Gilbert, G. & Co., general store
Gardner, J.T., jewelry store
Garland & Hornung, clothing house
Gilbert & Wixson, bank
Hullinger, James, drug store
Morris Thomas, shoe shop
Metzorg, Isaac, clothing store
O’Brien, Dominick, Mecosta House
O’Brien, W., restaurant
Pangburn, W.S., boot and shoe store
Parish, W.H., saloon
Parks Bros., hardware store
Reed, R.D., meat market
Rice, Lewis, blacksmith
Rathvon Bros., planing mill
Stewart, B.M., grocery
Trussell, H.M., Advance Office
Thomas & Esselstene, millinery
Thomas, Morris, harness shop
Wernette & Schultz, blacksmith
Wilcox, D.W., shingles & lumber
Wilson, Albert, barber shop
Wilcox, John, blacksmith
Woolford, R.S., grocery & drug store
Wernette, C.W. saloon
Woolford, Mrs. N.O., millinery
Among the professional men are C.B. Pattison and J.H, Waller, physicians, and N.W. Bush, lawyer.
The last school census of the village contained the names of 225 children of school age, which would indicate a total population of nearly 800.
Historical Information written and provided by: Jan Cortez, Mecosta County Coordinator, MI State Coordinator – MIGenWeb, USGenWeb Advisory Board Member (www.rootsweb.com).
290 W. Main Street/P.O. Box 2
Mecosta, MI 49332
(877) 221-5881 (Toll Free)


The history of the Mildura Club DaVinci started with a Dream
Easter of 1958 a number of newly arrived Italian migrants decided to put on the Passion of Christ or “Opera Sacra”. In doing so, various members of the young Italian Community showed their ability to act, choreograph and put on the show.
As the show was ready for the opening night the catholic priests in the district a young Fr Monahan and Fr Gregorio from Broken Hill were invited to attend. The opera sacra was held in the Yugoslav hall and proved a hit for the community.
After the show the opera director Beniamino Cirillo and Guiseppe Roccisano discussed the night with Fr Monahan and Fr Gregorio and shared their dream to have a social club for the Italian community. Both of the priests were supportive of the idea. Fr Gregorio suggested they start with something modest and build upon it.
With a dream in their heart and encouragement from Fr Monahan and Fr Gregorio they set about the task to make the dream come true.
Joe and Ben approached members of the Italian community who had been in Mildura for some time and shared their dream. They received support and in 1958 the first committee of the Mildura Club DaVinci was formed consisting of:President: Guiseppe Roccisano ;
Vice president: Stefano Panuccio
Treasurer: Domenico Piscioneri
Secretary: Mario Bertone
Mildura Club DaVinci Committee members included
Angelo Buffone, Domenico Cavallaro, Beniminno Cirillo, Roger David, Cosimo Dichiera, Guiseppe Dichiera, Vincenzo Dimasi, Guiseppe Dimasi, Vincenzo Leonadis, Pietro Mazza, Antonio Marciano, Guiseppe Moro, Fillipo Mammone and Antonio Surace.
The committee set about on a number of tasks to develop a constitution for the club, raise funds, purchase land, erect the building, furbish the building and appoint caterers.
The witting of the constitution fell to Ben Cirillo with help from Fr Gregorio. He put together a document consisting of 26 point or articole that was approved at a general meeting. The first three points read:
No 1. The Da vinci Club was founded as a social club to keep alive the friendly spirit among Italians and our hosts
No 2. All political discussions are forbidden. Meetings conferences and functions pertaining to the above will not be tolerated
No 3. All members shall act as gentlemen and avoid any discussions or acts that would be detrimental to the club or its members
The constitution was accepted in July 1958 and the committee proceeded to the next stage.
The Sunraysia area was divided amongst the committee and other interested members. All the Italians in the district were approached and given the opportunity to join.
The fee of 30 pound was set. The basic wage at the time was around 12 pound per week. This equates to approximately $2000 in today’s figures.
230 pledges were made. Of these, 158 fully paid and became foundation members.
Land was purchased on 24th November 1958 for 1190 pounds by Donald Piscioneri, Guiseppe Roccisano and Filippo Mammone, as trustees for the club.
With the land purchased the plans were drawn up and the building went to tender and the contract was awarded to SJ Weir for 4500 pound.
As the building went up payments had to be made. Had all the people who made a pledge payed up it would have raised around 7000 pound however many declined to pay the second and third installment and there was a significant shortfall in 1960 as the club neared completion.
But funds were short - Angelo Buffone and Cosimo Dichiera stepped forward and loaned the club 1500 pound each.
The club opened its doors to the first function - the engagement of Joe Caia and Mary Leonardis on 17th April 1960 - the charge was 2 pounds for adults and 1 pound for children. This was followed by the first wedding of Pietro and Nicolina Mazza.
In 1962 the opera sacra was held in the club - a fitting function as the catalyst to the building.
The Early Years
The early days were difficult for the committee as funds were short and profits were low. The committee held many social functions to try and raise money to meet the debt.
On many occasions the committee would supply table clothes, cutlery and glasses and their services free of charge to help the club.
Some of the memories include:
Mildura Club DaVinci Accomplishments
The Ladies Committee
Formed on 26th July 1976. The committee was very active in organizing social functions from 1976 to 1995. The first social function was a picnic dance. The band "The Ultratones" cost $150. The fee was $2 for adults and $1 for children. The supper for the night consisted of cabana, cheese, salted peanuts, salada crackers and tea and coffee. The function returned a healthy profit of $118.55.
The ladies took it upon themselves to run many social events and fundraisers over the years. In 1976 they raised $1714 for the Italian earthquake appeal.
The funds from the fundraising went back into the club. The committee bought the hand dryers and they purchased the orange chairs to replace the metal ones. They bought curtains and were an important part of making sure the club lifted its standard in its appearance and presentation and their last contribution was the chandeliers over the dance floor.
There are also two other people whose contribution to the club has not been matched and must be mentioned. They are Joe Roccisano and Steve Panuccio. Both members were on the committee from the day it was formed until they passed away. Both held office on the executive. Joe Rocissano was president for 5 years and treasurer for 17 years and club secretary, he was also the head cook and catering manager for many years. Steve Panuccio was president for 34 years, of which 32 were consecutive. They both acted as club trustees along with 7 other people who put their personal assets on the line if anything went wrong.
During their terms of office they set down a good foundation for the next generation to build upon.


Chicago Bridge & Iron Co. NV engages in the provision of conceptual design, technology, engineering, procurement, fabrication, construction, commissioning, maintenance, program management and environmental services to customers in the energy infrastructure market throughout the world, and is a provider of diversified government.
View 10 photos for 769 Iron Bridge Rd, Cicero, IN 46034 a 2 bed, 1 bath, 968 sq. ft. single family home built in 1971.
The first major bridge in the world to be constructed wholly of cast iron. The iconic Iron Bridge spans the River Severn between Broseley and Madeley Wood near Coalbrookdale and gives its name to the town.. www.nationalarchives.gov.uk.
Jobs in Milford Bay New Milford is the latest community to join the Connecticut Housing Finance Authority’s Police homeownership program. mayor pete bass said the goal of joining the program is make it easier for officers to purchase homes in New Milford. He said this keeps them invested in the the community and .
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It’s almost a daily occurrence for Iron Workers’ Bridge traffic to be backed up 6 kilometres into North Vancouver by 3:30 p.m. on a weekday. Now years of public outcry for a fix have finally been met.
A pictorial history of the first railroad bridge across the Mississippi River and its three successors by Curtis C. Roseman. When the Chicago and Rock Island Railroad was completed in 1854 under the direction of Henry Farnam and his partner Joseph Sheffield, it became the first to connect the East with the Mississippi River.
IHB: Ferry Bridge – IN.gov – Pennsylvania through truss iron bridge built 1903 by Lafayette Engineering Co.; crosses West Fork of White River, spans 316 feet, and rests on concrete and.
The howe bridge project – a collaboration between the government of Canada and the state of Michigan – is said to have received a waiver from the previous U.S. government on a “Buy American” policy fo.
List of delinquent property up for tax sale in Iron County this year.
Completed in 1839, Dunlap's Creek Bridge was the first cast iron bridge built in the. the road was to be repaired one last time by the federal government.


A film to launch the Liberty AW16 fabrics collection - Silk Road.
The collection, inspired by the route that has tied together countries, cultures, trade and rich histories for over 3000 years; From East to west, the timeless discovery of ancient techniques, music, people, magnificent landscapes and the night sky.
We travelled along the silk road through Turkey to collect the content within this film.
Direction / Production / Creative -
Sibling And Rival
DOP - Martin Roach
Editor - Ignatz Johnson
Animation - Ignatz Johnson


Spanking is almost as old as time itself. Whether for punishment, pleasure, or perhaps some other dubious purpose (and there are a few of those), spanking is ingrained in human culture probably more than any other fetish.
Depending on your age, your first encounter with spanking was probably in the form of punishment. But in its earliest practice in Ancient Greece, it may surprise you to learn that spanking was considered a fertility treatment. Pagan Priests would spank childless adult women to “increase” chances of pregnancy. Whether the practice was effective is somewhat debatable however. In other faiths like Catholicism, spanking was administered to remove the sins of the individual being spanked. I guess they figured they’d spank the sins out of you?, Like I said, dubious purposes indeed.
Our interest though, lies within the practice of erotic spanking. It’s really quite hard to say how long humans have been spanking and whipping each other to get off, but we do know an early instance of erotic spanking or flagellation in history is depicted in the Etruscan Tomb Of The Whipping.
The tomb dates back to the fifth century B.C. and is located near Tarquinia, Italy. It depicts two men in the act of flogging a woman in an erotic context, with one of the men apparently receiving fellatio from the woman at the same time. So we know from that depiction alone that spanking for pleasure is at least 2500 years old.
The “English Vice”
Zoom forward a couple of thousand years and we come to the Victorians. Now, they were a kinky bunch! You could always trust people in Victorian times to take something a bit saucy and run with it. Erotic flagellation, which had become known as “the English Vice,” was high on their list of pornographic priorities. Much of Victorian pornography was in the form of photographs, literature and engravings feature spankings and flagellation. Short stories like “The Whippingham Papers,” “Exhibition Of Female Flagellants” and the pornographic comic opera “Lady Bumtickler’s Revels” were all extremely popular depictions of various forms of spanking back in the day.
The invention of the photograph in the mid-19th century acted like jet fuel to the proliferation of porn. People could now see things they’d probably never seen before. Naturally, people were intrigued, and of course titillated, so they began to try these things for themselves and spanking became a more and more popular fetish activity. Just google search ‘Vintage Spanking’ and thousands of black and white images will appear before your eyes, many dating back to the late Victorian era.
As kinky as they were however, the Victorians tended to keep their vices hidden behind closed doors, and spanking remained a niche pass time. While the Victorians were getting kinky about it, spanking and caning was still a favoured punishment in British schools and continued to be so throughout the twentieth century. I remember my father telling me stories of how he came home from school with blood in his underpants on more than one occasion, following unpleasant encounters with the HeadMaster. They really were that brutal, (though he did say he always deserved it).
It was only as recent as the mid 1980s that caning was outlawed completely in state funded schools, and later still in private schools.
Ultimately, Spanking Is Awesome!
Recently though, spanking has become almost mainstream in sexual culture. Nowadays you can tell somebody that you’re into spanking and they may even think you’re a bit vanilla (depending on the company you keep). That’s probably due to a couple of reasons.
First, the internet has gone a long way to removing the taboo factor from a lot of sexual and fetish activities. Much like the effect of photography in the late 1800s — and with platforms like Loyalfans — these things are just easier to find now. Sometimes you don’t even have to be looking for them!
Secondly, the stigma once attached to anything fetish related is not as bad as it once was. Love it or hate it (many fetish lifestylers remain unimpressed), but books and movies like the Fifty Shades franchise have brought practices that were once considered taboo into our homes and living rooms, removing the mystique, and heightening people’s curiosity in the process. Hence a surge in popularity and a big step towards the mainstream, which is a very positive thing.
Sexual freedom is something to be celebrated and the more people consensually doing the things they once considered forbidden or taboo, the better. But striking people with a bare hand or paddle, a whip, or a cane is an activity that has risk to it. Like all BDSM play, make sure you keep things SSC: Safe, Sane, and Consensual. Make sure you have a safe word in place if you need to stop. Most of all, take it slow and try and lose any inhibitions you may have as you learn what the Etruscans knew 2500 years ago. Spanking is really awesome!


Join the Negros International Open in Bacolod
October 11-19 in Bacolod City, Philippines
Bacolod is a city on the northwest coast of Negros Island in the Philippines. Bacolod City is the top Philippine model city for 2017. It is known as the City of Smiles because of its MassKara Festival, a Mardi Gras-like festival and a spectacularly vivid mix of dance, color and music.
The Negrenses attitude
The festival first began in 1980 during a period of crisis. The province relied on sugar cane as its primary agricultural crop, and the price of sugar was at an all-time low due to the introduction of sugar substitutes like high fructose (corn syrup) in the United States. This was the first Masskara Festival and a time of tragedy; on April 22 of that year, the inter-island vessel MV Don Juan carrying many Negrenses, including those belonging to prominent families in Bacolod City, collided with the tanker Tacloban City and sank. An estimated 700 lives were lost in the tragedy.
In the midst of these tragic events, the city’s artists, local government and civic groups decided to hold a festival of smiles, because the city at that time was also known as the City of Smiles. They reasoned that a festival was also a good opportunity to pull the residents out of the pervasive gloomy atmosphere brought by the Don Juan Tragedy. The initial festival was therefore, a declaration by the people of the city that no matter how tough and bad the times were, Bacolod City is going to pull through, survive, and in the end, triumph.
Chess became very popular in the Philippines (and the world) way back in the early 70’s primarily as a result of the Fischer mania. Most Filipino youngsters were caught with the charisma and genius displayed by Bobby Fischer. The Philippines held lots of local and international chess tournaments and the 70’s can be touted as the golden era of Philippine chess. The government and private institutions sponsored countless chess events and even produced several world-class players.
In the early 80’s, Bacolod chess dwindled mainly because of the economic crisis Negros had experienced. Most of the talented chess players were forced by economic and academic circumstances to move away from Bacolod and make a name for themselves in the USA and Manila.
Negros International Open Chess Championship
Having come through the depression in the 80’s successfully, it was time to revive the chess in Bacolod City to the heights it once enjoyed. With this vision, four years ago, Antonio Ivan S. Aguirre starting supporting the Bacolod Chess Club.
He dreams of making Bacolod chess club the bedrock and training ground for their future chess masters. Negros International Chess Championship is an important stepping stone towards achieving that goal.
The tournament will be a 9 round swiss open, played at 90 minutes for the whole game plus 30 second increment. Only one round will be played on 7 days, except on October 16, when it’ll be two rounds a day. However, this’ll be compensated by a rest day on October 15, which gives a chance to tour around.
Open Category Confirmed Players
GM Nigel Short from England – Fide Rating 2698
GM Karen Grigoryan from Armenia – Fide Rating 2586
GM Tuan Minh Tran from Vietnam – Fide Rating 2547
GM Srinath Narayanan from India – Fide Rating 2511
GM Duc Hua Nguyen from Vietnam – Fide Rating 2499
GM Rogelio Antonio Jr. – Fide Rating 2438
GM Darwin Laylo – Fide Rating 2421
IM Minh Thang Tran from Vietnam – Fide Rating 2352*
IM Oliver Dimakiling – Fide Rating 2435*
IM Haridas Pascua – Fide Rating 2438*
Click here for the complete list
So far 45 players have confirmed their entries, out of which 25 of them are titled. This makes it a ripe ground for norm hunters. There’s still time for the titled players as well, as attractive conditions await them. Those interested may check out the website or contact the organizers. So, welcome to the city of smiles!
The article was originally published on ChessBase.com.


Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) is a magical plant, considered sacred by cultures across the globe (Casal 1962), and traditionally burned and ingested in rituals for its intoxicating effects (Alberto-Puleo 1978). It is speculated to be one of the first plants cultivated by humans (Armstrong 1944). The genus name Artemisia refers to its association with Artemis the goddess incarnation of Mother Earth, in ancient Greece and the Mediterranean (Alberto-Puleo 1978).
Artemis’ divine presence was considered to be concentrated in Mugwort, and was thus used in the worship and ecstatic union with her throughout the ancient world, via its ingestion during ceremonies held under the full moon in her honor (Alberto-Puleo 1978).
Artemis is both the ancient Greek goddess of Earth and of child- birth. It was commonly thought one of the ways in which Artemis relieved birth pangs was by giving women Mugwort (Alberto-Puleo 1978). A. vulgaris is a plant with a long history of use by women, and was renown in the medieval world as an abortificant and emenagoue with the power to stimulate menstruation during late or missed periods (Van de Walle 1997).
12th century texts extensively describe Mugwort as a menstrual tonic, and one 14th century text discusses Mugwort’s use in expelling dead fetal tissue after a miscarriage. In fact Mugwort has been used by women to covertly and safely abort pregnancies often when it has not been culturally proper to do so. As menstrual irregularity has always been a fact of life, a woman in medieval Europe might miss a period or two without attracting the raised eyebrows of her neighbors. As Mugwort was widely used to stimulate healthy and regular menstruation, its additional ability as an abortificant created an opportunity for women who wanted to covertly terminate a pregnancy (Van de Walle 1997).
Illustration and description of Artemisia spp. in manuscript Herbarious latinus: Herbarious seu de virtutibus herbarum 1485.
Mugwort allowed women to tread an ambiguous line, giving them the power to choose if and when they wanted to have a child in a time and culture when those decisions were dictated by fathers, husbands and ones place in society. Mugwort has long served as one of the first forms of birth control and a means for women to take control of their reproductive rights!
Pregnant women are warned from taking Mugwort during pregnancy because it contains compounds that stimulate menstruation and kill fetal tissue.
Mugwort is an ancient magical herb attributed with the power of arousing “strange ideas, magical conceptions and sacred associations” in cultures across Asia, Europe and North America since mankind’s earliest records (Armstrong 1944).
Mugwort has long been used to induce vivid dreams, astral projects, and divinations of the future (Dunwich 37), as it was widely considered to have magical potency. In 17th century England, young women believed digging up its roots and placing it under their beds at night would induce prophetic dreams of their future husbands (Dury 1986). In ancient China, it was often included in sacrifices or used in rituals, for it was believed to be useful in conjuring the presence of divinities (Armstrong 1944).
In North America, western Mugwort was used by Plain Indians for smudging and prayer, and like in Europe and Asia, as incense during ceremonies. Sometimes it was even used in conjunction with rituals for other hallucinogenic substances such as Peyote (Lophophora williamsii) (Ratsch 2005).


We spent the day with them; we had just come from a series of large-scale commercial chicken, hog, and tobacco operations, and the principled contrast with which this crew was working was stark. Kacy wrote about them and Warren Wilson College in our blog at the time:
Warren Wilson College is a well known liberal arts school near Asheville that began as an agricultural school in the 19th century. There is still a large agricultural component and we were lucky enough to meet the student farm crew who is running the CSA as well as the market operation this season. It appears as though we have arrived at some kind of farm utopia; everyone is young and beautiful and farm chores in bikini tops is the norm here. Jenn, our main host told us about the origins of Warren Wilson. Agriculture was top priority from the foundation of the school, and in the original mission statement there is even a line about city boys with their "diseases and attitudes" not being welcome on campus.
We toured around the garden which has an extensive herb section that students harvest to make teas and tinctures for personal use and to sell at the bookstore. The drying shed for the herbs was a small and beautiful log cabin with a kitchen in the downstairs and an attic that had an abundance of different herbs hanging from the rafters. The sweet smell that wafted over us was a mixture of lavender and licorice.Arielle, pictured above, gave us a tour of that herb area; it really felt great, with herbs in all stages of drying or preservation. Some more snapshots can be seen on the Stewards blog.


Nathan and Lisa’s (not their real names) house in Eimeo, just across from Eimeo Beach, was a 1970s home with sweeping views of the Coral Sea that stretch over the horizon and beyond.
As a 1970s house living in the 2020s, the home had already seen its fair share of love and life.
With fancy raked ceilings and exposed rafters, the house was ahead of its time when it was built – back in the days when builders were still converting feet and inches to metric measurements in their heads.
The original plans for the home were hand-drawn and came to us as pdfs with an orange background tinge that made you think of blueprints except in vivid orange. This home was always an architectural masterpiece. It was time to extend its heritage and modernize it.


The Liberal Christian™ is an ecumenical blog authored by Dr. Tom Rodriguez.
Now, you may be wondering why anyone would want to start a blog and call it “The Liberal Christian Blog.” Believe me, I asked myself the same thing. Afterall, doesn’t the word “liberal” carry so many negative connotations in the U.S. today? The answer is yes, of course. However, I don’t believe this is entirely fair. So how did the word liberal become a term of abuse in our country?
The movement within history, known as the Enlightenment, was a time when philosophy, and thus reason, became a major pathway toward increased intellectual understanding. This was followed by the Scientific Revolution with its many inroads into how Medieval Europeans understood their world. This then led to the Modern period. Prior to the Scientific Revolution though, the Roman Catholic Church, in collaboration with various nobles, exercised absolute control over all learning and religious belief. If people dared to contradict Church doctrine, a group of religious courts, known as Inquisitions, could find them guilty of heresy. People could lose their very lives as a result – sometimes by burning alive! Because of these and other abuses by the Church and the Nobility, people began to a revolt against the Church and power of Kings. The French Revolution was a direct result of these abuses as intellectuals desired more democratic types of government. Unfortunately to bring down the powers of their day, the French Revolutionists committed many atrocities against the Church. This intellectual movement toward liberty and equality became known as Liberalism. It resulted in the French republic. Subsequently with regard to Church doctrine, liberal intellectuals began to apply the scientific method to studying the Bible. This, of course, resulted in the toppling of the hegemony of the Church and separation of Church and State in many countries. Unfortunately, in the U.S. there grew a backlash movement against academics and Liberalism by many Christians especially those known as Evangelicals and Fundamentalists. Alas it seems that we have not yet been able to move beyond this Conservative backlash with the Republican party aligning itself with Conservative Evangelists and Fundamentalists. This led to the presidential election of Ronald Reagan, and most recently, Donald Trump. It also led to an antiscience movement that threatens the Earth’s ecology!
Despite the bad mouthing of liberals and their problems in the U.S., we need to take back the use of the word “liberal” and its historical definition. I believe that there needs to be something to counterbalance the Church. This something is science. I believe that theocracy has been tried and led to subjugation and oppression of people. I believe in the separation of church and state. I stand for liberty and the equality of all people – Black, White, Hispanic, Indian, Oriental, rich, poor, gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, straight, young and old!!! I believe in reasoning and science; but most importantly, I also believe in the Triune God- the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Thus I am a liberal Christian, and I am proud to call myself both, liberal and Christian.


rating: 5 of 5 stars
A history of the British Empire from an unabashed imperialist. A very different perspective on things from what I learned as child from my Indian history books - a complete reversal of good guys and bad guys for one.
Fergusons explores the economic basis of the empire - its start in the Carribean and the West Indies and the rise to power of the Royal Navy. He makes an important note that the Empire did not start out through political means - it was not wars of annexation by a power hungry monarch that drove the British Empire; rather it was the hunger for trade that drove the merchants to various parts of the world. The merchants needed two things -
1. Security of their selves, their markets and their trade routes.
2. Creation of new markets, by force if necessary (and usually).
And thus the creation of the strongest naval force in the world - the Royal Navy had 44 captital ships and the rest of the world combined had 42!
Also tied into this mix is Christian Evangelical zeal, but for the most part, according to Ferguson, this did not form a basis for expansion as much as trade did.
He makes no attempt to euphamise the bloodiness of the formation and maintainence of the Empire - from the Carribean to Africa, to India and the East Asia, the Empire was marked by periods of bloody, violent struggle with the better equiped British typically mowing down scores of ill-equiped natives.
His most interesting theories concern the fall of the empire. He believes it was not so much that the empire crumbled from within, as other big empires (German, Russian, Japanese and later American) came in to conflict with the British and forced it to disintegrate. In the aftermath of the two Great Wars, Britain was completely bankrupt and dependent upon its colonies and the Americans forced them to disintegrate as part of bailing them out. He does make an interesting point that while the rise of Empire spanned many centuries, the fall was surprisingly short - less than Churchill's lifespan. Churchill was a reporter at the Boer War (still an Empire in rising) and presided over the loss of India and much of Africa.
A prescient quote for the Americans (who may not find this book as interesting as those living in the Commonwealth) - "Once Britain had been the world's banker. Now she owed foreign creditors more than $40 billion. The foundations of the Empire had been economic, and those foundations had simply been eaten up by the costs of war."
Highly recommended for peoples (or who's grand peoples) were the subjects of the crown.
View all my reviews.


This will be updated once details are available but our last production was:
While You Were AwayA new work researched and written to commemorate the First World War. World War One is in earnest and the death toll is mounting in Europe. Back home men and women work hard to keep the country fed and the guns well stocked, all the while missing their men who are away at the front. “While You Were Away” tells the local story of The Great War – the colourful characters who lived in Braintree and the surrounding area during this period and their experiences of war: The women providing their worth in Crittalls making shell cases for the army: the Vicar of Great Leighs meticulously keeping his daily war diary all the while helping the local population deal with the trials and worries of war. The small girl witnessing a Zeppelin raid on Braintree which wiped out a whole family while they slept in their beds not to mention the mother haunting Braintree station daily, desperately hoping for her missing son to return.
at Braintree Arts Theatre – 14th and 15th Nov 2014
There will be a special performance for schools on Thursday 13th November 2014.


- the British Isles
- UK / US
the group of islands in western Europe that consists of Great Britain and Ireland, and some smaller islands near themSee:
English dictionary. 2014.
English dictionary. 2014.
(the) British Isles — the British Isles UK US the group of islands in western Europe that consists of Great Britain and Ireland, and some smaller islands near them Thesaurus: countries considered as a political or economic grouphyponym See also: Great Britain * * *… … Useful english dictionary
the British Isles — Britain, Great Britain, the British Isles, England, etc. 1. Use of these terms causes confusion. Great Britain refers to the largest island in the group, which is divided between England, Scotland, and Wales. Politically, it means these three… … Modern English usage
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History of the British Isles — The history of the British Isles has witnessed intermittent periods of competition and cooperation between the people that occupy the various parts of Great Britain, Ireland, and the smaller adjacent islands, which together make up the British… … Wikipedia
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Hill lists in the British Isles — The mountains and hills of Great Britain, and to a lesser extent Ireland, are the subject of a considerable number of lists that categorise them by height, topographic prominence, or other criteria. They are commonly used as a basis for peak… … Wikipedia
List of mountains and hills of the British Isles by height — The following is a list of the mountains and hills of the British Isles, ordered by height. Scottish mountains above 3000 feet (914.4 m) are called Munros.For a listing by relative height, see the list of mountains of the British Isles by… … Wikipedia
Botanical Society of the British Isles — The Botanical Society of the British Isles (BSBI) is a scientific society for the study of flora, plant distribution and taxonomy relating to Great Britain, Ireland and the Isle of Man. The society was founded as the Botanical Society of London… … Wikipedia


N Scale Models
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The 300-Class passenger F7's were delivered as ABB sets rather than ABBA. The 325 class F7's were comprised of dual-service locomotives. Units numbered 300LAB through 316LAB were renumbered to 325LAB - 335LAB in 1952. In 1953 Santa Fe acquired units 336LAB - 340LAB and 341LA - 344LA. The Bluebonnet was applied to seven 325 class F7A units possibly to signify dual service locomotives. 17 F7B's received a blue stripe replacing the red. Both ends of the unit were painted blue.