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The main commercial area of Male’ is located on the northern waterfront of Male’. This area is the main hub of trade and is a hive of activity through out the day. The waterfront and the by-lanes in the area are crowded with shops stocked with a variety of goods. Also in the area are the Male’ Fish Market and the Local Market selling a range of local produce. While some ‘dhonis’ from all corners of the country unload dried fish, fresh fruits and vegetables from the atolls others are seen loading everything from foodstuffs to construction materials. The pace increases in mid-afternoon as fishing ‘dhonis’ start returning with their day’s catch. The catch, mainly tuna are carried across the road into the open-sided market and laid out on the tiled floors. As fast as the fish are brought in they are bought and taken away by men from all walks of life. The market is kept scrupulously clean, washed down each day and disinfected.
The Islamic Centre is the most vivid architectural landmark of Male’. You would see the spectacular golden dome in all its majesty dominating the skyline, as you approach Male’, from any direction. The building symbolizes the importance of Islamic religion, which had ruled all aspects of life in the country for centuries. Completed in 1984, the Centre consists of a mosque big enough for 5000 people, an Islamic library, conference hall, classrooms and offices.
The Local Market, just a block away from the Male’ Fish Market on the northern waterfront, is divided into small stalls. Here the pace is slower and the atmosphere peaceful, compared to the hectic activity in the rest of this neighborhood. Each stall is filled with a variety of local produce mainly from the atolls. Here you will find different kinds of local vegetables, fruits and yams, packets of sweetmeat, nuts and breadfruit chips, bottles of home made sweets and pickles and bunches of bananas hanging on coir ropes from ceiling beams. Another building just next door sells smoked and dried fish.
Built in the 17th century the Huskuru Miskiiy or Friday Mosque served the population of Male’ as their main mosque for almost four centuries, until the Islamic Centre and Grand Friday Mosque took over the function in 1984. Built by Sultan Ibrahim Iskandhar in 1656 the mosque is a masterpiece of coral curving and traditional workmanship - probably the best display of coral curving anywhere in the world. The walls of the mosque are hewn together with blocks of filigree-curved coral blocks. Heavy wooden doors slide open to the inner sanctums with lamp hangings of wood and panels intricately curved with Arabic writings. The area surrounding the mosque is a cemetery with a legion of intricately curved coral headstones. The Munnaaru or minaret in front of the mosque, used to call the faithful to prayer was built in 1675 by the same Sultan.
Right in front of the Hukuru Miskiiy is Mulee-aage, a palace built in 1906 by Sultan Mohamed Shamsuddeen III, replacing a house dating back to the mid-17th century. The palace with its wrought iron gates and fretwork friezes on its roof edges and well-kept garden was intended for his son, but the Sultan was deposed. During World War II vegetables were grown in its garden to help relieve food shortages. It became the President’s Official Residence when Maldives became a republic in 1953 and remained so until 1994, when the new Presidential Palace was built. At present Mulee-aage houses the President’s Office.
The National Museum is housed in the only remaining building of the former Sultan’s Palace, which is now the Sultan’s Park. It is an Edwardian colonial-style building of three storey, fairly low key from the outside compared to the amazing collection inside. The articles on display range from thrones and palanquins used by former sultans to the first printing press used in the country, the rifle used by Mohamed Thakurufaanu in his fight against the Portuguese in the 16th century, ceremonial robes, headgear and umbrellas used by Sultans to statues and other figures dating from 11th century, excavated from former temples. A variety of artifacts from times past would give an idea of the unique and rich culture and history of this island nation. A visit to the museum gives an instant insight to the wealth of history most visitors never suspect existed. No longer will you think of the Maldives solely in terms of a tourist destination. The museum is open daily except Friday and public holidays from 9.00 to 11.40 and 3.00 to 5.40. A small fee is charges for admission.


16 Days Inclusive Package
September 22 - October 06, 2002
Tour Itinerary prepared for Mr. Glen & Mrs. Susan Scott
Sunday, September 22, 2002
HOME CITY to BEIJING
Fly directly to Beijing, the political, economic, and cultural centre of the People's
Republic of China. Cross the international dateline and lose one day.
Monday, September 23, 2002
Be met upon arrival. Transfer to the Scitech Hotel. Rest of the day at leisure.
Tuesday, September 24, 2002
Visit historic Tian An Men Square where Mao Tse Tung first raised the flag of the People's Republic. See the Imperial Palace, also called the Forbidden City, and its splendid gardens. After lunch, take a pedicab to visit the Huton. Watch the daily routines of the local people in their courtyard homes. Visit a kindergarden class. At night, enjoy a spectacular perofmrnace of a Beijing Opera.
Wednesday, September 25, 2002
Visit the Ming Tombs, the beautifully decorated burial place of the emperors of the Ming Dynasty, also known as the Underground Palace. The original roadway leading to the tomb is lined with superb marble statues. After lunch, visit one of the world's most remarkable sights -- the Great Wall, built over 2,000 years ago by Emperor Qin and covering a distance of 6,000 km across the top of China. Also Visit to the Summer Palace, former retreat of the Imperial family. In the evening, enjoy a sumptuous Peking Duck dinner.
Thursday, September 26, 2002
Full day at leisure.
Friday, September 27, 2002
Visit the exquisite Temple of Heaven. After lunch, fly to the ancient city of Xian. Be met upon arrival. Travel to the Jianguo Hotel. Visit the City Wall, the only complete city wall that exists in China today. In the evening, enjoy a delicious Dumpling Banquet.
Saturday, September 28, 2002
Full-day tour. Visit the Banpo Museum and Mausoleum of Emperor Qin, one of China's greatest rulers and the builder of the Great Wall. Discovered in 1974, the tomb contains over 6,000 life-size terra-cotta warriors and horses, the Imperial bodyguard to the emperor on his journey after death. After lunch, visit the Provincial Museum. In the evening, a delicious palace meal dinner is accompanied by entertainment in the Tang Dynasty Dinner.
Sunday, September 29, 2002
Morning, marvel at the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, originally built as a Buddhist retreat in the 7th century. After lunch, fly to Guilin. Transfer to the Universal Hotel. Visit Elephant Trunk Hill, the city's symbol.
Monday, September 30, 2002
Take a memorable boat trip down the Li River and delight in over 65 km of breathtaking scenery, mist-shrouded mountains rising from the river banks. Since ancient times, this landscape has been the subject of countless poems and paintings. Enjoy lunch on board. Cruise ends at the colourful lively market town of Yangshou. Take the opportunity to shop for interesting souvenirs and gifts!
Tuesday, October 1, 2002
Visit the remarkable Reed Flute Cave with its spectacular limestone formations and beautiful Fubo Hill. Take a gondola ride up Yaoshan Peak. Fly to Shanghai, Asia's most populated city and the commercial capital of China. Transfer to the Grand You You Hotel.
Wednesday, October 2, 2002
Visit the majestic Garden of Mandarin Yu Yuan, built in 1577 and recently restored to its original splendour. Hidden behind high-carved brick walls is a small lake spanned by a zigzag bridge, as well as teahouses, pavilions, rock gardens and goldfish ponds. Visit the Bund, known as the "Wall Street" of the former foreign powers, where, during the first half of the 20th century the European powers controlled the Chinese economy. Visit the Shanghai Museum. In the evening, a special treat. Enjoy a breathtaking performance of one of Shanghai's most famous acrobatic troupes.
Thursday, October 3, 2002
Transfer to the airport for your flight. Fly to Hong Kong, the "City of Life". Upon arrival, you will be met and transferred to the Kimberly Hotel. Evening at leisure.
Friday, October 4, 2002
Half-day tour. Feel the throbbing pulse of Hong Kong. Visit the Central District, the Aberdeen fishing village of days gone by, and today, home of the world's largest floating restaurant. Marvel at scenic Repulse Bay with its long stretch of golden sandy beaches, as well as the picturesque southern part of the island. Go to Victoria Peak for some great photos of Hong Kong, and take a peak tram ride. The panoramic view of Victoria Harbour, the mountains of Kowloon and the islands of the South China Sea is absolutely magnificent!
Saturday, October 5, 2002
Entire day at leisure. Explore on your own or join an optional sightseeing tour.
Sunday, October 6, 2002
HONG KONG-HOME CITY
Morning at leisure. Transfer to the airport. Fly home. Bon Voyage.
back to 2002 home


Is it time for some hard core honesty even if it is defames one of America’s great historical icons, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.?
David Garrow, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist, as part of an investigation into recently released files on the assassination of President John F. Kennedy that have been buried in the U.S. National Archives, contends that Dr. King had over 40 known extra-marital affairs, participated in sex orgies, and once stood by and laughed as a fellow Baptist minister forcibly raped a woman.
These 55 year-old accounts are part of copious tapes, wiretapped phone calls, bugged hotel rooms and reports by undercover FBI agents who were part of a massive operation, led by the infamous FBI director Jay Edgar Hoover, to take down Dr. King. Hoover believed the civil rights icon was a “notorious liar”, sexual deviate and “one of the lowest characters in the country.”
It has long been known that Hoover’s investigation was authorized and encouraged at the time by then President of the United States John Kennedy and his Attorney General brother, Robert F. Kennedy.
Yet the information has all but been ignored by the mainstream propagandists for over 55 years. According to Garrow, it was because back in the 1960’s, the sexual lives of prominent Americans were considered “off limits” by the media. It was the same unspoken rule that spared John F. Kennedy from having his numerous extramarital affairs exposed before and while he was president.
But the 60’s were over half a century ago, and we are now in the era of the “Me Too” movement. We are also living in an age when anyone the “politically correct’ elites define as flawed and contemptible by today’s standards, must be outed and stripped of all their historical honors. Founding fathers, such as George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, who were slave owners who freed their slaves long before the Civil War, are now seen by many as undeserving of having anything named after them, let alone be the beneficiaries of countless statues and monuments built in their honor.
Say goodbye to half of Mount Rushmore.
But there seems to be a media moratorium on covering these latest allegations, as captured on tape, against Dr. King…especially in the United States. Over the decades, most historians have ignored the findings of the heavy handed FBI investigation into arguably the most significant civil rights leader of his time. On top of King’s significant stature, the dubious tactics and abuse of power by FBI Director Hoover were legendary.
At the height of the FBI’s, President Kennedy sanctioned, “spying on King”, the civil rights icon had become a titan in the American Civil Rights movement. He won the Nobel Peace Prize for his non-violent demonstrations, leading a successful year long bus boycott in Montgomery and organizing massive marches and sit-ins in Birmingham to protest long standing racial segregation in Alabama. King’s “I Have a Dream” speech, one of thousands given by the Christian Reverend, is ranked among the best and most impactful orations in American history.
Dr. Martin Luther King is, without a doubt, one of our nation’s most significant and revered leaders.
So, if these allegations of David Garrow can be substantiated, should they be ignored? Can the vileness of Dr. King’s alleged misdeeds, even if found to be completely true, be marginalized into being justifiably forgotten due to the magnificence and historical contributions of this amazing American? The almost universal response of the media and contemporary historians is evidently: YES!
It has become one of our history’s worst kept secrets that Dr. King had numerous extramarital affairs. While these documented dalliances may diminish King’s Christian credentials and hurt his wife and family, most of his admirers have chosen to ignore his private life out of appreciation for the grand achievements of his public crusade.
But these latest allegations are not something between Dr. King and his wife; if true, they expose a man who treated women, even members of his congregation and activists in his movement, like sexual toys and garbage.
And who made the media “God” with the sole authority to decide whose scandals get covered and whose get covered up? Is it the same same perpetrators of “fake news” manufactured to do maximum damage to those they loathe…and at the same time, bury real news that might hurt those they champion?
As others have noted, “there is a strong reason why freedom of the press is part of the First Amendment.” It is a vital factor in protecting our rights, our freedoms, and our nation’s integrity. But when the media abdicates its constitutional responsibility of journalistic independence and reporting the truth, they become pliable propagandists who nurture deserved distrust and public repudiation.
The lengthy list of dereliction of duty by so-called “journalists” is far more contemptible than anything Dr. King may or may not have done wrong.
Will there soon be a movement or even a debate over whether or not to rename all the countless schools and boulevards honoring Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.? Probably not.
Jayne Carroll hosted a daily talk show in afternoon drive time in the Portland, Oregon metro area for more than 20 years. She wrote a popular conservative newspaper column for over a decade. Her live shows and podcasts can now be heard at TheJayneCarrollShow.com in addition to her political commentary, “Jayne Says“. Jayne and her Producer Jeremy Scott can be contacted here. Guest appearances and speaking bookings can be arranged via email at [email protected].


As industrialization and urbanization brought many new problems to society in the early 1900's, citizens began forming voluntary organizations to address the needs of their communities. In some areas, groups took the name "optimist club" to express their desire for a positive outlook in the face of all these problems. The first official Optimist Club was formed in Buffalo, N.Y. in 1911.
Impetus for a nationwide Optimist movement began when the Optimist Club of Indianapolis, Ind., was formed in May 1916. Envisioning a nationwide organization, founders of the Indianapolis club moved ahead in the summer of 1916 to start Optimist Clubs in many other major cities.
These clubs quickly grew to over 100 members each. As a result, a national conference of the American clubs was held in 1917 in Indianapolis.
Times were good. World War I had been fought and won and spirits were high in America. An ideal time for the birth of Optimism. The association of clubs that is known today as Optimist International was formed on June 19, 1919, when representatives of 11 clubs held a convention in Louisville, Ky., and adopted the name International Optimist Club. During the convention, William Henry Harrison, a descendant of the ninth President of the United States bearing the same name, was elected the first International President of Optimist international. Through the next three years, the organization grew to 49 clubs and 4,000 members.
From the beginning, Optimist Clubs directed major efforts toward youth service. As a result, in 1923, the motto "Friend of the Delinquent Boy" was chosen, setting the course of the organization. The motto was introduced by Dr. Hartloft, a medical examiner in Evansville, Ind., who became a community leader when he served as past president of the Big Brother movement.
In 1924, it was voted by the convention delegates that the Optimist International motto be revised to "Friend of the Boy." Eventually the motto was changed to "Friend of Youth".
Also in 1924, history was made when the Optimist Club of Toronto was formed, the first club outside the United States. Four months later, the second Canadian Optimist Club was chartered in Hamilton, about 40 miles west of Toronto.
In 1928, an organization-wide Oratorical Contest was started for the Junior Optimist Clubs. Through the years, its purpose has been to provide a valuable self-improvement activity for the boys. Today, this remains the oldest and most well-known programs of Optimist International.
In 1978, the International Board of Directors voted to sponsor one the most prestigious junior golf events in the world, now known as the Optimist Junior World Golf Tournament. Played annually on five golf courses in San Diego, California, Junior World Golf finals are the culmination of months of qualifying tournaments on the club and district level. Today, Optimist International sponsors its own tournament, independent from Junior World, known as the Optimist International Junior Golf Championships (OIJGC). This top junior event airs on ESPN, making Optimist International the only service organization to have an internationally televised event.
In 1994, Optimist International kicked-off its 75th anniversary year at the 75th International Convention in Louisville, Ky., the site of the first and 50th convention.
Our Local Club
Past and Current Presidents
- 1983 Doug Buczak, Financial Planner
- 1984 Doug Buczak, Financial Planner
- 1985 Bob Reed, Travel Agent
- 1986 Jim Johnesse, Manufacturing Owner
- 1987 Paul Blizman, Attorney
- 1988 Bill Dwyer, Police Chief
- 1989 Allen King, Realtor
- 1990 Jerry Wasen, Banker
- 1991 Neal Wolfson, Computer Sales
- 1992 Barb Ellman, Motivation Counselor
- 1993 Don Cowan, School Administrator
- 1994 Duane Reynolds, Attorney
- 1995 Carolyn Baugh, Weight Watchers
- 1996 Dennis Fitzgerald, Financial Advisor
- 1997 Bob Smart, Business Owner
- 1998 Marguerite Smith, Banker
- 1999 Leon Kohls, Architect
- 2000 Lincoln Avery, Educator
- 2001 Gary Goss, Public Service Director
- 2002 Orrie Donley, Retired Stock Broker
- 2003 Ruth Platt, Educator
- 2004 Tom Neal, Franchise Owner
- 2005 Rich Marinucci, FH Fire Chief
- 2006 Dave Boyer, Assistant City Manager
- 2007 Mike White Sr., Business owner
- 2008 Lee Flaherty, Attorney
- 2009 Tom Hafey, counselor youth & family services
- 2010 Bob Schultz, Public Safety Director
- 2011 Cathy Neal, Registered Dietitian
- 2012 Barrie Armstrong, Retired
- 2013 Terry Tipton, Chiropractor
- 2014 Corey Bartsch, Fire Chief
- 2015 Roxanne Fitzpatrick
- 2016 Roxanne Fitzpatrick
- 2017 Roxanne Fitzpatrick
- 2018 Ken Wasmer
- 2019 Cathy Neal
- 2020 Terry Tipton
History of the Optimist Creed
The Optimist Creed, or "Promise Yourself" as it was originally known, was written in 1912 by Christian D. Larson, a writer, lecturer and publisher from Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles area Optimists found the literary jewel in several publications and began printing it in the club yearbooks. With so many California Optimists familiar with it, it was inevitable that it find its way to the Optimist Magazine where it appeared for the first time in December 1921.
At the International Convention in Kansas City in 1922, the delegates adopted it as The Optimist Creed. Today it is distributed among young people, given out on the streets and sent in great numbers to remote corners of the globe where people are in need of a creed they can hold on to and live by. We say it at the end of every meeting.


The Story of Berkshire Record Office
It was in 1939 that Berkshire County Council established a Berkshire Records Committee. Its job was to consider how to look after the many official and private records that were stored in the basement of the old Shire Hall in the Forbury, Reading.
The Clerk of the Council, Harold Neobard, was keen to employ an archivist. Over twenty shire counties had already established a County Record Office, and Mr Neobard wanted Berkshire to be next.
It was agreed to appoint an archivist by April 1940, but the Second World War intervened and it was only in August 1948 that Felix Hull started work as the first County Archivist. His temporary Record Office was in the caretaker's flat of the old Shire Hall.
More detail on the story of the Berkshire Record Office can be found by clicking here.


column By: Terry Wieland | July, 19
Eighty miles west of St. Louis on the Missouri River is the hamlet of Rhineland, perched a few feet above a flood plain which, when not under water, is beautiful farmland. It was settled a couple of centuries ago by German immigrants, who brought many facets of their culture with them.
Outside Rhineland, you can turn onto a secondary highway that takes you into the hills and bluffs that line the Missouri. This leads to the even smaller village of Starkenburg, which is distinguished by a gray stone church that gazes out onto wooded valleys in every direction. This country is not unlike the Black Forest in Germany, or the Rhineland itself, which probably accounts for the name.
German immigrants, whether in Pennsylvania, Texas or Missouri, always transplanted their most cherished traditions, which include hunting, shooting, rifles and – not least of all – mythology. Closely connected with hunting and mythology is a penchant for keeping trophies of the chase. These take many forms. One that I had never seen before the first time I drove up County Road P from Rhineland was the impaling of giant catfish on fence posts.
One fence that skirted the road, turned and followed it up a hill, had every post – I counted 23 of them – adorned with the carcass of a catfish. Some had obviously been caught in the Missouri weeks or months earlier; others might have been snagged that morning. One had been reduced to a skeleton by weather and scavenging birds, and all that remained was its skull, jawbone and spine. These trophies might have been placed there to celebrate the farmer’s fishing prowess or to ward off “evil spirits.” Either way, it seemed an atavistic gesture curiously at odds with the Gothic beauty of St. Martin’s Church (est. 1875 AD) a few miles up the road.
At the other end of the trophy-taking scale, I would offer a Hapsburg palace in Innsbruck, Austria. It was hardly a palace by the standards of Versailles, and more a glorified hunting lodge, but a hunting lodge to an emperor is a palace to someone like me, so that may account for it. In two long rooms, the upper walls were lined from end to end with red-stag antlers collected over the centuries by the Hapsburg rulers of Austria-Hungary.
The Archduke Franz Ferdinand, whose assassination in 1914 sparked the Great War, was a devoted, almost obsessive hunter who reputedly shot some 5,000 red stags during his lifetime. How many of those I saw in Innsbruck fell to his rifle, I couldn’t say. Each rack, however, had a tiny engraved plaque with a short inscription in German and the date it was taken. Some were beyond spectacular as only serious red-stag antlers can be, with multiple beams and many-tined crowns. The main beams on some were as big around as my arm.
These were all what are now known as “European” mounts. This is usually the upper half of the skull, bleached and attached to a plaque, but that’s more modern stylization. Most of those I saw in Innsbruck had just a small part of the skull plate but were mounted in such a way that the antlers seemed to grow out of the wall. I have seen other mounts where the antlers were attached to an elaborately carved wooden stag’s head, and some of these have seemed very elegant. Others have resembled the eroded gargoyles seen on the stone walls of ancient castles and cathedrals.
Only recently have European mounts caught on in North America. Our usual approach is the mounted head complete, looking as lifelike as possible. If we used to find European mounts stark to the point of being gruesome, Europeans found the mounted heads that graced American trophy rooms to be too much like a natural history museum – and full-body mounts doubly so.
Also, poor taxidermy can be absolutely grotesque, with heads that do not even faintly resemble the live animal. Shoulder mounts from a century ago, when tanning techniques were perishable and “stuffed” heads really were stuffed, can look horrible today, with noses dried and cracked and straw leaking from shrunken seams. A properly done European mount, on the other hand, can and does last for centuries, as long as it is kept out of reach of porcupines.
Another consideration is that Europeans believe that every set of horns and antlers, regardless of size, should be mounted and kept for posterity as a tribute to the animal. Over the centuries, these can pile up. I have seen foyers of small inns in Austria, Germany and parts of Spain where the horns of roe deer or the tusks of wild boar cover entire walls, with some of the plaques dating back a century or more. This is possible with European mounts, which are relatively compact, whereas with mounted heads you very quickly run out of room.
In between the grandeur of the Hapsburg hunting lodge and the catfish-on-Missouri-fencepost approach, there is the age-old custom of nailing antlers up over the garage door. For that matter, they can be found on almost any farm outbuilding, but for some reason garages seem the most popular. There are elk antlers in Montana, moose in British Columbia and whitetails just about everywhere. Whether this is because the proud owner wants every passerby to see them, or because his wife objects to having them in the house, is impossible to say. Possibly both.
While some trophy rooms are tastefully arranged with the animals not crowded together, others are overwhelming, with every square inch of wall holding an animal part of some kind. By comparison, a single set of weathered antlers nailed up over the garage door, white with age or, in some cases, overgrown with moss, are very attractive in an atavistic sort of way. Their individual significance may have been forgotten long ago, but the simple connection of man and nature is still symbolized for anyone who looks at them.
Photos still exist of “soddies” on the Great Plains, the roofs of which were covered with skulls and antlers. Every time the inhabitant came upon an elk shed or a skull, he’d carry it home and toss it up on the roof. Exactly what the purpose was, I have no idea, unless it was to help bind the sod roof together or deter critters from trying to claw their way through. It may have been purely decorative, or perhaps there was some superstition attached.
Many, many years ago I saw the skull of a small African antelope, adorned with stalks of grass, used as the centerpiece for a dining room table setting. This was in a showroom window of the most expensive furniture store in the most expensive part of Toronto, Ontario, my nominee for antihunting capital of the world. The interior decorator who created that centerpiece certainly had nerve to offer it for sale there but, as I remember, it sold in a very short time for a considerable sum of money.
It seems the sight of a bleached and weathered skull awakens some sort of tribal instinct in even the most effete city dweller. It also goes a long way toward explaining that long line of fenceposts bearing the skulls and spines of Missouri River catfish.


In December 1984 a group of health librarians first discussed plans to initiate contacts with their colleagues in other European countries.
During the Fifth International Congress of Medical Librarianship in 1985 the 26 European colleagues present in Tokyo met to discuss place and date of a first conference which was to gather health information officers and librarians from all countries of Europe. The meeting concluded with the decision to hold such a conference in Brussels a year later.
The First European Conference of Medical Libraries was held in Brussels 1986. Participants acknowledged the need for greater cooperation in Europe so the European Association for Health Information and Libraries (EAHIL) was established.
EAHIL was constituted 1987, in Brighton U.K. Mr Marc Walckiers, Director of the Bibliothèque de la Faculté de Médecine, Université Catholique de Louvain in Brussels, served as EAHIL’s first President.


Zytglogge Clock Tower (Clock Tower) Bern: a fascinating journey through time, not just for technology fans
The Zytglogge (“Time Bell”) clock tower in the heart of Bern’s enchanting old town is a testament to centuries-old historical and technical wonders. Often referred to simply as Zytglogge, this medieval clock tower attracts visitors seeking a mix of architectural splendor, cultural richness and clockwork-animated eccentricity.
Guided tours, be sure to book online:
To enhance the visitor experience, guided tours of the Zytglogge Clock Tower (also known as Clock Tower in Switzerland) are offered. Very knowledgeable guides take guests inside the tower and provide insights into its history, the function of the astronomical clock and the story behind the animated puppets. Very interesting! Dates for guided tours can be found on this website.
The history of the Zytglogge dates back to the early 13th century, when it was initially built as a watchtower for the city. Over the years, the Zytglogge has been renovated and redesigned several times, developing into the landmark we see today. Its distinctive appearance with the attractive dial and ornate details reflects the essence of medieval craftsmanship.
One of the special features of the Zytglogge is the amazing astronomical clock that was added to the tower in the 15th century. This complex clock not only serves the practical purpose of telling time, but also offers a glimpse into the astronomical knowledge of the time. Visitors are mesmerized by the celestial dance on the clock’s display, which shows the positions of the sun, moon and stars.
A highlight for all visitors is the hourly spectacle of the Zytglogge. It is a delightful mechanical spectacle that brings the tower to life. Every time the clock strikes the hour, an animated puppet appears, creating a bizarre scene that transports the viewer to a bygone era. This fascinating spectacle combines art and technology and leaves a lasting impression on those who are lucky enough to see it.
UNESCO world heritage:
In recognition of its historical significance and architectural beauty, the Zytglogge Ullenturm was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 along with Bern’s Old Town. This award underlines the importance of this tower in preserving the region’s cultural heritage.
Location and accessibility:
The Zytglogge clock tower is located in the heart of Bern’s old town and is easily accessible on foot. The address is [insert address], a convenient stop for exploring the city’s historic district.
The Zytglogge is open to the public and can be admired from the outside and viewed from the inside for a small fee. The cytologist can be seen until late in the evening.
A visit to the Zytglogge Clock Tower in Bern is a journey through time where the past seamlessly merges with the present. Whether you’re an architecture lover, history buff or just looking for the magic of a medieval clock tower, Zytglogge promises an unforgettable experience. Animated puppets dance to the rhythm of time and captivate visitors to this Swiss jewel, which is a true symbol of Bern’s rich cultural heritage.


The museum is situated in the McGregor Tourism Office which is a national monument building on the corner of Voortrekker and Church Streets.
Inside the museum one of the artefacts is the engraved silver trowel used to lay the foundation stone of the Dutch Reformed church in 1904. It was found in a secret compartment in a desk bequeathed to Mick Corbett, former Chief Justice of SA, who is a great grandson of the Rev. Andrew McGregor, the church's Scots-born pastor after whom the village was officially renamed in 1906.
Another is an authentic King James Bible (bearing Rob Roy's signature) which can be seen by appointment.
A collection of important Andrew McGregor family memorabilia is rapidly expanding, thanks , to the interest and generosity of the pastor's descendants.
Also expanding is an extremely valuable and intrinsic part of the reason for the founding of the Museum, the recording and transcription of oral histories from long-time McGregor inhabitants. Some remember working in the whipstock industry for which the village became respected worldwide, and many have illuminating stories about what life was like on the farms and vineyards in the early 1900s. These are kept in an open file on a table, for anyone to read at leisure.
The latest Museum Group research into the history of the Kampterrein, McGregor's first secondary school, is now on display in the Library. Previous library displays (such as those on the Boesmanskloof Pass and Paul Cesar) can be viewed in the Museum.
The Museum operates under the authority of the Heritage Society of McGregor (registered no. HWC/RCB/89/05) The Museum would welcome the donation, loan or copies of any documents, letters, title deeds, artefacts etc. which relate to life in the area from the latter part of the 1700s onwards.
The Museum has transcriptions of arguments over water rights fought in the courts by pioneering farmers at that time. Although a number of houses were built in the first part of the 1800s, the village was officially proclaimed only in 1862.
Mon-Fri: 9am-1pm; 2pm-4.30pm
Sat: 9am-1pm; 2pm-4pm
For more information contact Marilyn Poole - email@example.com or 023 6251 306


Four Black mothers talk Black History Month and the lessons they’re imparting to their kids this month and all year long.
Black History Awareness Isn’t One Month
“I know February is all about Black History Month, but I’m teaching my kids about Black history all year long. We’re watching movies, checking out local Black artists, reading Black writers and studying Black heroes. I want them to know they don’t get just one month to celebrate their culture’s story.”
– Tanya K., mama of three.
We Don’t Hide From History
“As much as my first reaction as a mom is to shield my kids from the ugliness of Black History Month, they need to know their history to make sure it doesn’t get repeated, and to play a role in stopping the harsh injustices thrust upon us as a Black community. Our country’s history isn’t pretty, but knowledge equals power.”
– Sena P., mama of two.
Black History Is Individual
“I’m encouraging my kids to read, research and ask the questions around Black history. I want them to focus on what excites them about our people’s stories and to investigate into it further. For my son, that’s sports and looking at our great history in athletics. For my daughter, it’s performance, and studying the Black greats that have contributed so much to the aesthetics and arts of both Black and white culture.”
– Lisa C., mama of three.
Black History is American History
“Very few people know that the first slave ship arrived before the pilgrims. Black history has been around longer than American history. I want my kids to know that their history goes back just as long, and that their history is American history. Period.”
– April S., mama of two.


Ringwood City has a rich history – Here’s a little about our beginnings……
The birth of Ringwood City SC (Wilhelmina) began in the mind of Dutchman John van Hoboken. Although his emigration to Australia was business oriented in it’s objective, his passion for the round ball game was spurred into thought by business partner Jack Skolnik (then president of the powerful Hokoah Sports Club), whose words “you Dutchmen simply don’t know how to play football” stung the ears of van Hoboken.
Fully aware that many high quality players had emigrated to Australia, van Hoboken registered the name Wilhelmina D.S.C (Dutch Soccer Club) and went in search of recruits amongst the top Victorian leagues. Although many players hesitated at the thought of dropping to the lower leagues initially, the idea of an all Dutch club was very well received, and Wilhelmina unleashed their orange shirts on the unsuspecting Fourth Division reserves competition in 1953 in a paddock in North Balwyn which was to be their home for three years. The club finished second despite the rough playing surface, and despite having begun half way through the season.
1954 saw the first official Wilhelmina senior side enter the Fourth Division competition. With the likes of Tom Olifiers (captain and team coach), Wieke Bakens, Appie van Dinther, Dre Remmers, Piet Schipperheyn, Bert van de Berg, Rinus van de Peet, Jack Lammers and goalkeeper Hans van Egmond, Wilhelmina had far too strong a side to do anything but canter to the Division title that year.
1955 saw not only Wilhelmina’s promotion to the Third Division, but also another easy championship. The club brushed aside all other clubs finishing the season with a perfect record of eighteen wins.
Wilhelmina relocated to Burnley oval in Richmond in 1956, but it was to be the arrival of Sjel “Mike” de Bruyckere from Holland that had a major impact on the club. The flamboyant playmaker and former Dutch international (capped eight times) became the club’s first official coach, and was to be instrumental in leading the club’s charge to yet another championship – this time in the Second Division – and promotion into the Victorian First Division.
Wilhelmina had risen from Fourth to First Division in successive seasons, losing only one game of the 54 played.
The club’s first taste of top-flight football was the pre-season Sun Cup Competition. Wilhelmina quickly proved that it was not out of it’s depth by narrowly losing the final to JUST. The season also marked the move to McDonald Reserve in Hawthorn, with more accommodation for players and spectators alike. Rein Yntema became the club’s first top flight goalscorer in Wilhelmina’s debut 1-1 draw against Geelong, and although the club did not win the title as previously, it did finish a creditable fifth. In the post-season Craven “A” World Cup Tournament Wilhelmina, under the banner of Holland, clinched the final at Olympic park in front of 20,000 spectators with a 2-0 victory over Scotland (Brighton).
As the old First Division name was replaced in season 1958 by the new appellation State League, Wilhelmina once again directed their ambitions to securing the title. In the end they finished a tight second behind the competition’s dominant club Juventus, who clinched their sixth title in seven seasons. Despite this disappointing loss, Wilhelmina took comfort by winning the prestigious Dockerty Cup. In a gripping final against Juventus at Olympic Park it took two matches to finally produce a winner, with de Bruyckere’s clinical finish in the replay proving to be the difference between the two teams. The excellent season was rounded off as Bill Westerveld was awarded the Argus Medal and de Bruyckere was adjudged League’s Best and Fairest Player.
Spurred on by the near miss in ’58, Wilhelmina made sure there would be no second prize in ’59, blitzing all comers to win the title. Glory did not come without cost though, with striker Rein Yntema and captain de Bruyckere both breaking their legs during the season, and Bill Westerveld requiring an arm amputation after a tragic car accident. Remarkably he returned to the playing field later despite this setback. Not surprisingly, the price paid for the title had left an emotional mark on the team, and they were not able to retain the Dockerty Cup to end this remarkable decade.


The P-51 Mustang was a long-range World War II fighter aircraft that flew as a bomber escort over Germany. Powered with the British Rolls-Royce Merlin engine, it was unmatched by any other piston fighter aircraft of World War II.
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How a humble local ship chandler founded in 1794 grew to became a globally recognized supplier of technical spare parts to vessels worldwide two centuries later.
This is our story.
The original name of the company was Nicolay Nisson & Company. Founded on the 12th of September, 1794 by Nicolay Nisson together with his elder brother, Erich Nisson.
Nicolay Nisson & Co. started out as a traditional ship chandlery near Copenhagen’s newly constructed harbor area. The name Nyhavn, which means ‘new port’ in Danish is used even today.
The usual range of ship chandler’s goods included tar, ropes, sails and also rum and biscuits. Technical spare parts rarely went beyond a highly sophisticated sextant in those days.
Nicolay Nisson & Co. also made a fortune from privateering in the wake of the Napoleonic Wars and the bombardment of Copenhagen in 1807, when British soldiers seized or destroyed almost the entire Danish naval and commercial fleet. Privateering is a form of piracy decreed by the crown. A royal decree is not to be ignored.
As the industrial age found its way into the shipping business, so did the need for technical spare parts.
Berg & Larsen was quick to pick up on this new business. What a change it must have been, suddenly dealing in valves and pumps and boilers.
The first 108 years it was a family business, passed on from generation to generation within the family. A century later in 1902 the company moved into the hands of executive staff members. Mr. Jens Ludvig Hartmann Berg and Valdemar Larsen changed the name to Berg & Larsen, a name we maintain to this day.
We are one of the oldest ship chandlers in the world still in business.


The Modern Lesbian was an exploration of the hidden history of gay and bisexual women in the North West. Artist Rachel Adams interviewed and photographed the portraits of 14 influential gay women who have impacted on the Mancunian cultural, social and economic landscape.
Linking women’s stories across the generations the exhibition traced the dynamic trajectory of gay women’s experiences in the North West. By revealing the successes, failures, celebrations and conflicts that have arisen within a group once cemented together in a struggle for sexual freedom, rights and identity, Adams explored the complexities in defining her own lesbian identity and provided a new public space for that culture to take shape.
Participants include: Jackie Crozier, Pride Director; Mary Murphy, long standing Manchester Councilor; Steph Kaye, Vanilla proprietor; Rosie Lugosi, activist and burlesque artist; and Josie Pickering, septuagenarian dominatrix.
The exhibition was one of the highlights of the Manchester Pride Fringe in 2010 running from the 20th August until the 4th September at 52 Princess Street with a live event during the Big Weekend (28th-30th August). During the event Adams photographed more than 100 participants who added their image and story to the wider project. The live studio event inside the exhibition created a space where the history of Manchester lesbians was explored within the context of Pride.
Examining the “guest status” of women within the male-centric gay community, gay and bisexual women attending Pride contributed their portraits and voices to the project at a pop-up photo studio inside the exhibition.


A Journey Through the Unforgettable Past of Black America, Part 2
By: Markayle Tolliver
As Chicago continues to grow as well as the advancement and contributions of the African-American community, there are new heights that Blacks continue to aim for and achieve. African-Americans have had many important and vital roles that have led to great local, national and international changes and impact. Here’s a look at where we stand with Black achievement in the business community and the history behind the Black leaders of Chicago.
The city of Chicago was founded around 1780 by an African-American/Haitian male, Jean Baptiste Point duSable. Although du Sable’s settlement was early in the 16th century, African-Americans weren’t established here until 1840 after some passing of laws in Illinois that prohibited them from living here. As time continued to develop, there were more and more changes that eradicated the idea that African-Americans were to be segregated from others. As laws changed, the growth of Blacks also increased as well as their contributions in many different work industries.
In 1919, Chicago endured a race riot that caused a violent conflict between white Americans against Black Americans and it lasted for 5 days from July 27 to August 3, 1919 on the Southside. One of the triggering events that caused the riot was because of the death of a young black male on July 27; where he was swimming in Lake Michigan and drifted to an area that was reserved strictly for whites only. The young boy was stoned and eventually drowned. After police didn’t arrest the white man who did it, that is when Black observers who saw who did, began to gather on the beach with others, and disputes and fights began. Over the weeks, more race and mob/gang fights broke out throughout the city and violence escalated every incident. By the end, 38 were dead (25 Blacks and 15 whites), 537 injured, and about 1,000 Black families were left homeless. Due to the high violence/killings and the impact (economically and geographically), this riot is considered across the nation to be one of the worst riots and known as ‘Red Summer’. President Woodrow Wilson criticized and called down ‘the white race’ as the ‘aggressor’ in the riots and efforts were launched to promote racial harmony.
The large black population in Chicago faced many of the same challenges that they faced in the South. It was extremely difficult for Blacks to find jobs and housing because of the competition among other ethnic groups during a time of expansion of minority groups in the city. Even though there were other methods to maintain housing discrimination such as redlining and exclusive zoning to single-family housing, by 1927 Chicago political leaders began adopting racially restrictive covenants that limited what land can be used for. At one point, as much as 80% of the city’s area was included under restrictive covenants.
The Supreme Court of the United States in Shelley v. Kraemer ruled in 1948 that racially restrictive covenants were unconstitutional, but this did not quickly solve blacks’ problems with finding adequate housing. Homeowners’ associations discouraged members from selling to black families, which resulted in maintaining residential segregation. After 1945, the early white residents (many Irish immigrants and their descendants) on the South Side began to move away under pressure of new migrants and with newly expanding housing opportunities. African Americans continued to move into the area as it predominantly became Black and the area became the black capital of the country.
The world of Chicago politics and the Chicago business community is extremely vast and very influential to the continued growth of African-Americans and Chicago at large. In 1983, Chicago elected their first African-American mayor, Harold Washington. During a time of prejudice, animosity and strife; the Black community came together to collectively vote with enough power to allow Harold Washington to win the mayoral election against Bernard Epton, former state legislature. Washington was sworn in as mayor of Chicago on April 29, 1983.
In 2008, IL senator, Barack Obama – who resides and has work experience on the city’s Southside, became the first Black person and man to hold the position of POTUS.
Then in 2019, Chicago held a historical election that made national coverage; when Lori Lightfoot, then federal prosecutor, became the first Black woman and first openly gay person to hold the office.
“The Black Business Ecosystem of Chicago”
Blacks have held many C-suite level positions and run many Chicago-operated companies that provide economic growth and expansion. There are many Blacks in the Chicago business ecosystem that helps to vitalize and upkeep the business world.
In 1942, John Johnson, founded Negro Digest, now known as Johnson Publishing Company, a Black-owned publishing company founded and headquartered here in Chicago; and its mission was to elevate the positive stories of the Black community. There were times, John had issues with the printing of the publication and had many times when he had to stifle his promotions. In 1976, Black World, (the new name of the publication under new administration after the death of John Johnson) – was abruptly terminated and caused widespread protest in the Black Community. The creation of John Johnson’s publication gave way to many other Black newspapers such as Ebony, Jet, and Essence.
Mellody Hobson and John Rogers Jr, are jointly the co-CEOs of Ariel Investments, and they founded the organization in 1983; which is a global asset management company that specializes in small and mid-capitalized stocks in the US. Ariel Investments is the largest minority-owned investment company and has a strong Chicago impact in Bronzeville where the company gives support to The Renaissance Collaborative Inc.
Jim Reynolds, the CEO of Loop Capital, has worked on many Southside developments that promote economic growth and change. Recently, Reynolds and his company, was a main supporter in a new film and television studio, Regal Mile Studios coming to the South Shore community in the Summer of 2024.
Tell us about where you grew up and tell a special high school memory. I’m a Chicago native from the Humboldt Park community. One of my treasured High School memories…
Tell us a bit about the industry you are in and the work you focus on. Architecture is an industry where we get to define a city’s culture and history. …
Tell us about where you grew up and tell a special high school memory/story. I was born and raised in Los Angeles and went to Santa Monica High School; high…
A Conversation with Blake-Anthony Johnson, CEO and President of Chicago Sinfonietta Blake-Anthony Johnson’s multifaceted career has included work as a performer, collaborator, recording artist, and


St James Theatre
Address: 77-87 Courtenay Place, Te Aro, Wellington
Nearest bus stop: Courtenay Place Bus Stop, St James Theatre/Reading Cinema
Parking: Wilson Parking, 84 Tory Street
Disabled Seating: 4 wheelchair seats and 4 companion seats
Disabled Access: Yes (including lift to all levels)
Disabled Toilets: Yes
Hearing Loops: In the stalls, excluding rows C–BB
If you require a specific seat to ensure your enjoyment of the show, please contact Ticketek on 0800 TICKETEK (842538) and a customer service representative will assist you with your booking.
About St James Theatre
The grande olde St James Theatre's facade marks a daring contrast to the modernist trappings of the Reading Cinemas complex opposite it.
When His Majesty's Theatre (later to become the St James) was built in 1912, it was the largest vaudeville and picture theatre in Australasia. His Majesty's was the first entirely steel-framed and reinforced concrete theatre in this part of the world and boasted the latest theatrical and mechanical stage appliances.
In the mid 1980s, the St James Theatre, although recognised as one of the country's most valuable treasures, faced the threat of demolition.
The people of Wellington refused to sacrifice the theatre without a battle. The St James has been recognised by New Zealand Historic Places Trust as a Category I building of outstanding cultural and historical significance and is considered one of the finest lyric theatres in Australasia.
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Family History Research
Have you ever wanted to trace your Family Tree but didn’t know where to start?
Perhaps you are already a keen Family Historian with Yorkshire ancestors but living at a
distance from the relevant record offices?
Have you exhausted the internet and don’t
know where to go next?
We can help!
We have a well equipped library of genealogical and local history books, Yorkshire indexes and finding aids useful to the newly addicted researcher, experienced genealogist or those wishing to discover the history of a Yorkshire house.
As well as having our library we are also within easy reach of the local Record Offices, making it easier to access the relevant records needed to trace your ancestors.
We can just do one hour or agree a set number of hours, we work to suit your budget.
All enquiries welcome!


from milliner to the greatest in party clothes
90 years Maison van den Hoogen
90 years Maison van den Hoogen
Johanna Frederika Diederika van den Hoogen-Kramer born 21-09-1904 was a milliner ( hatmaker). Opened a hatter’s shop on 31-03-1928 in the Daniel Stalpertstraat. On 31-10-1928 on her wedding day, she registered herself as Amsterdam’s first woman as a public sales woman, at the chamber of commerce in Amsterdam.
Here she started with the rental of bridal veils, they were at that time very valuable. In 1936 she moved the shop to the other side of Sarphatipark no. 88 and she had 3 floors to her disposal. Which meant to expand her activities, and also to rent the bridal gowns. During this period became the name of the shop Maison van den Hoogen/ het Bride’s house.
At the end of the thirties, the threat of the war was felt. Many men have been called for mobilization. Because married woman received a widow’s pension if their husband did not return after the war, many married in those years. Men’s suit and children’s suit were also included. That was a smart step, because she had a lot of work.
During the war Maison van den Hoogen continued to rent. During and after the war everything was scarce and material was a major shortcoming. … Van den Hoogen could with difficulty find new substances. It certainly lasted until the fifties, before new material came in and she could make new dresses and suits. In those years weddings were traditional, with many bridesmaids and groomsmen. Everyone was festively dressed, with hats and all kinds of accessories. For all this people would visit the Amsterdam Sarphatipark.
After the war there was a great need for amusement. After the five dramatic and heavy years of war, people wanted entertainment and distraction. Because there was no television yet, people were looking for pleasure somewhere else. This explains the rise of many theaters and operetta associations. whether people on the stage and the people in the hall wanted to be dressed in a festive way. … Van den Hoogen made the clothes and she kept it in stock, so she could rent it. That’s how her stock of operette clothing was created.
When television started in 1960, other clothes were needed. Orkestas, television series and all sorts of different programs called Maison van den Hoogen to make costumes. she made everything on request and her stock grew.
The company grow so much, that she needed more space. That’s why she bought the adjacent building in 1960 at number 90.
Over the years, the clothing collection kept changing. In the sixties and seventies were many parties organised in the de style of the fifties, so that the company always responded to the need for special clothing.
The daughter of Johanna van den Hoogen, Olga van den Hoogen, had been involved in her mother’s business from a young age. She also worked as a coupeuse in the company. In 1967 she opened her own bridal boutique Angela at Sarphatipark no. 104. This was a bridal fashion store, specifically in the sale and a beautiful addition to existing activities. When Johanna van den Hoogen retired in 1979, Olga took over her mother’s store. She could’t close her successful bridal shop, it was evidently too much for her. the man of Marjo (Olga’s oldest daughter), Hans Suselbeek, was coincidentally looking for a new challenge. He took over the festive clothing store and runs Maison Van den Hoogen until today.
Maison Van den Hoogen grew in 89 years from a hatter’s shop into the biggest party clothing of Amsterdam.future? (open new window)


Who Lives on Hunnu Street? Ulan-Ude, Russia / 2016-Ongoing
Public art programming which will activate the historical site located in Ulan-Ude, a city in Eastern Siberia, Russia. The vast landscape stretched by the Selenga River used to be a former settlement of Hun or Hunnu people who lived there in the 1st century AD. Several local and outside artists will invite general public to explore physical qualities and metaphorical meanings of this powerful place through participatory art activities.


Our Lady Anne bouquet is full of our very favourite pink blooms, including Roses, Lisianthus and Santini. This pretty pink bouquet will brighten up any special occassion!
Lady Anne was the daughter of William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Exeter who married Henry Grey, 1st Earl of Stamford in 1620
Lady Anne is buried in the family crypt at St Martin’s Church and it was after her that the hotel was named until the change of name to The William Cecil in 2010.
This item requires 1 days notice to order.
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We designed this section to give you an understanding of where all this is coming from, and how the publication of Satoshi Nakamoto’s Whitepaper for a “Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” led to us being able to put together this Academy. We go back to the emergence of strong cryptography for the general public in the first article on this topic. A group called the Cypherpunks were the pioneers in this domain. On the Cryptography mailing list that the group used to communicate many of the ideas used to construct Bitcoin were born. We continue with an article about Satoshi Nakamoto, the pseudonymous inventor of Bitcoin before we talk about the emergence of alternative cryptocurrencies, termed Altcoins. Lastly we cover our journey from ZenCash to Horizen.
The Cypherpunk Movement
On the Cryptography mailing list that the Cypherpunks used to communicate many of the ideas leading to Bitcoin were born.
An unknown developer using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto published the Bitcoin Whitepaper in 2008 and its code in 2009.
We discuss why such a large number of alternative coins or altcoins emerged in our third article on the history of cryptocurrency.
From ZenCash to Horizen
For the last part of this chapter, we share with you how ZenCash started and how it evolved into Horizen over time.


The Riels were noted for their devout Catholicism and strong family ties. The appeals failed, and the medical commission report was ambiguous. The rebels, weary and short of ammunition, were overrun. Louis Riel returns Within this growing climate of frustration, Louis Riel returned to his prairie homeland in July He did well, so at the age of 14, he was selected to go to Montreal to become a priest.
A few weeks later, fifty-thousand upset people gathered to hear speakers criticize the conservative government for the hanging of Riel. They needed someone who could read and write, speak both French and English, who could get the Canadian government to respond to their demands, north west rebellion 1885 essay help who was liked by all the peoples in the North-West.
The western tribes, denied by treaty and loss of the buffalo, from being able to look after themselves in the traditional way, now were forced to sit and face slow starvation as winter approached. The leader of the Canadian army, Major-General Middleton, was a fifty-nine-year-old British commander who had graduated from a military college and spent most of his life in the British army.
He got their support. There was a struggle over a gun, and a shot was fired. Before the soldiers arrived, Riel found out that many of the soldiers were angry and out to get revenge for the shooting of Scott. In that instance, the first troops did not arrive until three months after Riel seized control.
Later it was discovered that he had taken furs from an English Metis. In the afternoon, after failing to make headway against the entrenched enemy, the troops built a fortified camp just south of Batoche.
I told Riel that it was a shame to leave exposed to the dogs the bodies of our dead enemies who, perhaps bore no more ill will against us than we against them.
I slept very little. Gabriel Dumont, among others, eventually returned from the US under the terms of a general amnesty. About men, including two artillery batteries, were split into two groups, one for each side of the river.
In the ensuing by-election in OctoberRiel ran unopposed as an Independent, although he had again fled, a warrant having been issued for his arrest in September. The people of America cannot help but to sympathize with Riel.
The die was cast for a violent outcome, and the North-West Rebellion was begun in earnest. Big Bear and his followers were the last holdouts, but they were finally forced to sign a treaty. It took most of the day for Middleton to get the troops from the west bank across the river on a makeshift ferry, and they arrived too late to take part in the fighting.
They again feared that the way of life in their locality would become the way of life of the English-speaking White man. On the morning of 9 May, his forces attacked the carefully constructed defences at the southern end of the Batoche settlement. Bring to the half-breeds of the North-West the guarantee that a seventh of the lands will also be given to them.
Many of them had spent their lives living in towns and cities where they had been working in offices and factories. Unnerved by his losses, Middleton withdrew. He refused to allow another attack.The North-West Rebellion (or the North-West Resistance, Saskatchewan Rebellion, Northwest Uprising, or Second Riel Rebellion) of was a brief and unsuccessful uprising by the Métis people under Louis Riel and an associated uprising by First Nations Cree and Assiniboine of the District of Saskatchewan against the government of.
Northwest Rebellion Rifleman of the Queen’s Own Rifles during the North West Rebellion of (artist: R.J.
Marrion – copyright:Canadian War Museum) In the mid ’s Metis fur traders were pushing west into the. North West Rebellion Col. Denison Throws New Light on the Rising of how How Batoche Was Won The Late Colonel Williams Gallant Dash- Griecances of the Halfbreeds--.
Instead he organized a military resistance that escalated into a military confrontation, the North-West Rebellion of Ottawa used the new rail lines to send in thousands of combat soldiers. If I could have any influence in the new world it would be to help in that way, even if it takes years to become practical so my children's.
The North West Rebellion The uprising is short but its legacy continues today.
The North West Rebellion lasted less than three months in the spring of The North West Rebellion The uprising is short but its legacy continues today. The North West Rebellion lasted less than three months in the spring ofDownload


“The Griffon” Fante Asafo Flag circa 1950
Framed Asafo Flag from Ghana.
Superb classic period Fante Asafo flag. The flag depicts a Griffon, thought to be a representation of that particular Asafo group. The Leopard is a representation of leadership and the stool represents people and society. The symbolism of this flag being that leaders exist to protect society.
In excellent complete condition.
Framed in art glass which is UV protected and non reflective.
Asafo Flags have an interesting significance and history. The Fante people who live along the Central Region of Ghana's coast traded extensively with Europeans and were avid buyers of imported cloth.
Lacking a standing army during the 17th century the Fante organized military groups called ‘Asafo’, the name is derived from ‘sa’ meaning war, and ‘fo’ meaning people.
During this colonization period, the ‘Asafo’ people began adopting European and British military practices such as naming and numbering their states and companies.
The marking of special occasions or the installation of a new ‘Asafo’ chief (Supi) is the main motivation for the creation of a new flag.
These flags are displayed at different social events including annual festivals, ceremonies, and funerals. Simple imagery that is always unique would either depict a historical event, identify the company with an animal, an image of power or depict a confrontational proverb to threaten other rival companies.
Many carried the Union Jack until Ghana claimed independence in 1957
H: 109cm x W: 157cm
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Museum of the Bible Tour - Washington, DC
October 11th - October 17th, 2018
Your tour includes:
Motorcoach Transportation, 6 Nights lodging including 4 nights in DC, 10 meals (6 breakfasts, 4 dinners), Guided tour of Washington DC-WWII Memorial, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Capitol Hill, Embassy Row, the Korean War Veterans Memorial, the Smithsonian, Martin Luther King Jr. National Memorial, the Lincoln Memorial and more;
FULL DAY visit to your choice of Smithsonian Institution National Museums
FULL DAY visit to the NEW MUSEUM OF THE BIBLE - 430,000 sq feet of Bible history! Cost is all inclusive per person, double occupancy.


Located in the region of Basilicata in Southern Italy, Matera is one of the oldest, continuously inhabited cities in the world.
The first people settled in Matera in the Palaeolithic period - approx 15,000BC!
It's truly remarkable cave dwellings are why thousands of people flock to this ancient city every year and you can still venture inside some of these houses to get a true feel of what it was like back when mammoths were still roaming around.
The dwellings were split into 2 neighbourhoods - called Sassi - and were carved in to the rock on top of each other. The descendants of the Greeks, Romans and Byzantines still live in some of these dwellings today, albeit slightly more modernised. In fact, until 1952, the poor of Matera were still living in these caves in extremely harsh conditions, with no running water or electricity, animals living in the same room as them ... With conditions such as Malaria rife amongst the community, the Italian government finally passed a law forcing the people out of these dwellings and into new quarters.
Mel Gibson chose to film the Passion of Christ (2004) in Matera because of it's ancient beauty.
The city is also famous for it's bread - so when you're eating in one of the cafes and restaurants there, expect to see a lot of sandwiches rather than pizza!


Nan K. Chase has written the first new comprehensive history of Asheville, North Carolina, in a generation. Illustrated with dozens of historic photographs, this book describes how a special American city built its distinctive architectural heritage.
Once part of an early American livestock route, Asheville became a noted resort town in the early 1800’s. Later, as a Gilded Age boom town, Asheville attracted big-spending magnates who liked building. Their triumphs and tragedies make for some great reading.
Use this book as background before visiting the ever-hip city of Asheville.


Welcome to the home of PalNetUK, a networking resource for the Pleistocene and Palaeolithic records of Britain and further afield. The network is intended to connect experts working directly in Ice Age research and teaching with heritage professionals involved in the protection, management, interpretation and curation of archaeological and environmental records of Pleistocene contexts. This site provides more background to the network, instructions for joining and links to useful resources.
COVID-19 ONLINE TEACHING NEWS. Although PalNetUK was initially established as a networking resource for the Pleistocene and Palaeolithic records of the British Isles, we are using it as a platform to develop s a digital resource hub to support Palaeolithic-Pleistocene colleagues anywhere in the world in delivering their teaching under total or partial Covid19 lockdown conditions in the immediate future. Send links to your favourite useful websites, podcasts, videos, digital models etc to firstname.lastname@example.org and email@example.com, and we will post them here on a weekly basis (on the Palaeolithic Teaching Resources page).
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- A Story about Central:
- The Background for Bob Dylan’s, Shelter from the Storm.
- The Origin of I’m Just a Poor Wayfaring Stranger.
- Eric Bibb’s, Don’t Let Nobody Drag Your Spirit Down,
- Dear Mr. President… Article about Barak Obama and community.
Frank’s notes about the stories of the Hymns and Offertory this Sunday;
“ Victory In Jesus “
Eugene Monroe Bartlett, Sr. is considered to have made a major impact on the development of Southern Gospel Music. Over the chorus of his career, Bartlett wrote more than 800 songs. Some of his songs include “Just a Little While,” “Everybody Will Be Happy Over There” and “You Can’t Keep a Good Man Down.” In 1939, Bartlett had a stroke that left him partially paralyzed. After the stroke, he was left virtually bedridden. Although he missed traveling and performing, Bartlett continued to study his Bible during this difficult time. Although he dealt with the physical strains of his limitations, he also looked towards the eternal victory he knew was approaching. During this difficult time after his stroke, he wrote the words to Victory in Jesus. The song first appeared in a songbook paperback “Gospel Choruses.” Victory in Jesus was the final song Bartlett wrote. The hymn also became his best known and most embraced song.
“ Amazing Grace “
“Amazing grace, how sweet the sound…” So begins one of the most beloved hymns of all times. The author of the words was John Newton, the self-proclaimed wretch who once was lost but then was found, saved by amazing grace. Newton was born in London July 24, 1725, the son of a commander of a merchant ship which sailed the Mediterranean. When John was eleven, he went to sea with his father and made six voyages with him before the elder Newton retired. In 1744 John was impressed into service on a man-of-war, the H. M. S. Harwich. Finding conditions on board intolerable, he deserted but was soon recaptured and demoted from midshipman to common seaman. Finally, at his own request, he was exchanged into service on a slave ship, which took him to the coast of Sierra Leone. Although he had had some early religious instruction from his mother, who had died when he was a child, he had long since given up any religious convictions. However, on a homeward voyage, while he was attempting to steer the ship through a violent storm, he experienced what he was to refer to later as his “great deliverance.” He recorded in his journal that when all seemed lost and the ship would surely sink, he exclaimed, “Lord, have mercy upon us.” Later in his cabin, he reflected on what he had said and began to believe that God had addressed him through the storm and that grace had begun to work for him. For the rest of his life, he observed the anniversary of May 10, 1748, as the day of his conversion, a day of humiliation in which he subjected his will to a higher power. He continued in the slave trade for a time after his conversion; however, he saw to it that the slaves under his care were treated humanely.
“Tell Me the Stories of Jesus”
William Henry Parker (1845-1929) was the head of an insurance company and a devoted member of Chelsea Street Baptist Church, Nottingham, England, where he was active in Sunday School work. Parker wrote this hymn c. 1885 at the request of the children of his Sunday School class, “Teacher, tell us another story.” This hymn first appeared in the 1935 Methodist Hymnal under the heading “Hymns for Children.” Perhaps the most endearing stanza is the second recalling the children as they gathered with Jesus.


Meenakshi Amman Temple is a historic Hindu temple located on the southern bank of the Vaigai River in the temple city of Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is dedicated to Parvati, known as Meenakshi, and her consort, Shiva, here named Sundareswarar. The temple forms the heart and lifeline of the 2,500-year-old city of Madurai and is a significant symbol for the Tamil people, mentioned since antiquity in Tamil literature. Though the present structure was built between 1623 and 1655 CE. It is said that the temple was actually built in the 6th century BC by survivors of the Kumari Kandam. In 14th century, the Mughal Muslim Commander Malik Kafur plundered the temple and looted it of its valuables. It was rebuilt by the Nayak ruler Vishwanatha Nayakar around the 16th century. It was Vishwanatha Nayak who rebuilt the temple in accordance to shilpa shastra
Padma Vibhushan Superstar RAJINIKANTH in KABALI- 2016 Tamil movie Official Teaser also stars Radhika Apte, Dinesh Ravi, Nasser in lead roles. Produced by Kalaippuli S Thanu. directed by Pa. Ranjith and music composed by Santhosh Narayanan.
Written and Directed by Pa.RANJITH
Kabali movie also features Radhika Apte, Nassar, Winston Chow, Roshan, Dinesh Ravi, Dhansika, Kalaiyarasan, John Vijay, Kishore, Riythvika, among others.
Rameswaram, (also spelt as Ramesvaram, Rameshwaram or Ramisseram) is a town and a second grade municipality in the Ramanathapuram district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on Pamban Island separated from mainland India by the Pamban channel and is about 50 kilometres from Mannar Island, Sri Lanka. It is situated in the Gulf of Mannar, at the very tip of the Indian peninsula. Pamban Island, also known as Rameswaram Island, is connected to mainland India by the Pamban Bridge. Rameswaram is the terminus of the railway line from Chennai and Madurai. Together with Varanasi, it is considered to be one of the holiest places in India to Hindus, and part of the Char Dham pilgrimage.
It is said that this is the place from where the Hindu god Rama built a bridge across the sea to Lanka to rescue his wife Sita from her abductor Ravana. The Ramanathaswamy Temple, dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva, is located at the centre of the town and is closely associated with Rama. The temple, along with the town, is considered a holy pilgrimage site for both shaivas and vaishnavas


Today started out with taking advantage of wifi; checking and responding to emails, etc. After that, I took a bike ride into the town of Anaconda. This town was famous for its copper smelting that started in the early 1900’s and continued until the late 1980’s. I enjoyed looking at the architecture of the homes and buildings.
The best part of the day was spent playing golf at Old Works course here in Anaconda. Jack Nicklaus designed it, and it was a real treat for us. I took a few pictures:
Notice the smoke in the atmosphere. 😔
The sunset is like a bright orange ball dropping below the horizon.
Tomorrow we move on. I’m actually hoping for rain. Montana is burning in so many places. It’s very sad.


Call to Place Your Order - (252) 752-5747
Guy Vernon Peaden was born September 27,1914 in Pitt County. He was in the NC National Guard when he was inducted into active service in the US Army September 16,1940. He was in the US Army when he met Flossie Warren at a ball game. Flossie was born March 8,1925 at Penny Hill Hospital in Pitt County. Guy and Flossie were married on July 4, 1941. Flossie lived with his parents, Henry and Daisy Peaden, in the Belvoir community until his return home from the war.
After Guy's return from the war they operated a country store on highway 258 near Tarboro, NC. They bought the business from Guy's sister and her husband , Enoch and Lucy Johnson. In 1949, after 2 years at that location, they sold the business back to Enoch and Lucy and returned to Greenville, NC. They bought a house on the Pactolus Highway (highway 264) near Greenville, NC. guy worked for the Pepsi Cola Bottling company and did carpentry work on the side. Flossie worked at Fieldcrest Mills and graded tobacco at her home.
After Flossie's brother, Jerry F. Warren Jr., died suddenly of a heart attack in May 1957, Guy and Flossie bought the business he was operating on highway 11 north of Greenville from his widow, Mae Weatherington Warren. At that time, they sold gas and food items. Guy and Flossie changed the name to Peaden's Grill in July of 1957. The first day they were open , which was July 4,1957, they took in $5.00. Flossie went home and cried all night long.
Guy and Flossie had a son Walter Vernon Peaden. He began working at Peaden's Grill when he returned from his enlistment from the service around 1968. He continued working there until he became disabled. He died December 22,2002.
After some years at that location, the NC Department of Transportation division of highways, wanted the land to widen the highway into a four lane. Peaden's Grill was relocated down highway 11 about a 1/4 of a mile where they built a larger building. They had an office, pool room, storage room, buffet line, and a kitchen. Guy and Flossie also operated Spain's Grocery Store on the corner of Evan's and First Street in Greenville, NC as well.
Guy, Flossie and his sister, Margaret Landen Mason, were on their way home from a vacation trip from Williamsburg, Virginia when he died suddenly of a heart attack on August 14,1983.
In 1985 when Flossie was sixty years old, she retired and turned over running Peaden's Grill to her daughter Mable Peaden and Mable's son Terry Peaden.
1998, Mable and Terry decided to add on to the building. They closed their doors for 3 months while they remodeled. Their remodel would provide more seating inside as well rebuilding the front entrance to accommodate fast food. The main part of the building was used for the buffet line, dining room and restroom for patrons. Peaden's Grill grows with the only form of advertisement was word of mouth. As before, Peaden's Grill was family owned and operated with the help of sons, daughters and grandchildren. Flossie Peaden continued to own the business until her death August 12,2008.
On February 18, 2010, Peaden's Grill suffered a great fire and was badly damaged. It was decided to completely demolish the remaining portion with little exception of a few walls and bathrooms and build again. The restaurant remained closed until March 31st 2011.
The restaurant opened as a brand new brick building and new interior decor.
Peaden's Grill has been a local tradition and land mark in Pitt County since 1914. It remains family owned and operated by Mable and Terry Peaden.
The Peaden Family:
Flossie's father, Jerry F. Warren, Sr. helped her brother, Jerry F. Warren, Jr. some in the store when he owned it. After Flossie and Guy bought the business he began working for them until he became ill. He died March 31st 1959 at his daughter's home, Margaret Landen at 301 Live Avenue Greenville, NC.
Guy and Flossie's son, Walter V. Peaden, came home from the army and began working for his parents. He worked for them for 30 years until he became ill. He died December 22nd 2002.
Mable Peaden, their daughter, quit her current job at Dupont to go to work for her parents and still works there today.
Billy Ray Peaden, their son, worked them for a few months. He rather enjoyed being outside. He ventured on on his own to start Peaden's Tree Service which is still operating today.
Mable's youngest son, Terry Wayne Peade was working at Hackney Truck Company before going to work at Peaden's Grill. He is still working there today.
Margaret Warren MAcon, Flossie's sister, kept the books for Peaden's Grill for 30 years until they reopened from the remodel in March of 1998.
Brenda Peaden, Terry's wife, took over the books for the restaurant after Margaret retired and continues today.
In September 1999, Flossie's home was destroyed by a flood. Her son Walter V. Peaden, bought a double wide mobile home and Flossie lived with him until her death December 22nd 2002. The property now belongs to Terry Peaden, Mable's brother.
Copyright © 2020 Peaden's - All Rights Reserved.
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|Angry protestors transformed this object from a monument
to a work of art
Statues of military figures, Confederate or not, are pretty much clichés in this nation. They’re everywhere — from the oodles of them on Monument Avenue in Richmond, Virginia, to the front lawns of obscure county courthouses around the nation.
The statues don’t say much. Essentially, all they tell us is, “Here’s a soldier. He stands for the thousands of soldiers who fought and died. He’s on a horse. Or on foot, weapon ready, prepared to defend his cause.”
The cause might be anything — the defense of this nation against foreign invasion, or the destruction of naziism, or the complaint that the Kaiser was blocking our shipping lanes, or the demand that only the United States may colonize the Western Hemisphere, or the continuance (or destruction) of slavery on American soil.
Last week, in Durham, North Carolina, angry protestors tore down a civil war statue. And in so doing, instead of simply vandalizing a clichéd monument, they created a visual masterpiece.
Lying on the ground beneath his own pedestal, his legs bent or broken just above the ankles, his hat bashed in, his head bent as if to hide his face in shame, his body supported partly by his own base and partly by the soil, he now has more to say to those who pass than he ever did high atop his pedestal.
He is now a symbol not only of soldiers who fought for slavery in the Civil War, but also of what became of many of them, and of the world’s regard for their cause. And he speaks also of the rage of 21st Century protestors who said, in effect, enough! This worship of “lost” causes must stop when the lost cause is an evil cause. Those who fight for malevolent ends will always, in time, be toppled.
The bent and broken body, lying in front of a pedestal bearing the inscription, “IN MEMORY OF THE BOYS WHO WORE THE GRAY” is no longer a monument. Instead, it has all the characteristics of a work of art. It shows us something familiar in a new way. It prompts discussion. It makes an impassioned commentary. It tells a story.
It should be preserved in its present state.


Bidding Starts: Thursday May 23rd
Bidding Ends: Thursday June 6th at 6pm
Preview: Saturday June 1st, 10am – 4pm
Location: 39643 Murtaugh Rd. North Plains, OR 97133
HIGHLIGHTS INCLUDE: Pedal cars & tractors, vintage & antique toy truck and car collection, toy tractor collection, O.D. Jennings Ciga-Rola .05 cent slot machine, “The National Tomb” salesman sample coffin display, Victorian christmas stand collection, Vintage R-J Hires root beer cooler, antique tin collection, Assorted advertisement signs, wagon wheels, old wood pane windows, antique rickshaw with canopy, Visible gas pump, Pre visible gas pump, Antique early 19th century child pull toy “The Dreadnought Farm Wagon”.