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Open Doors - Stories from a very different Salford
I had an immense amount of fun working on the character rigging and animation on this 15 minute long piece with Tracks and Layers & Chronicle Films for people living with Dementia in Salford. This animation showcases what life was like growing up in Salford during the 1940s and 1950s, before the dawn of the technological era and urban regeneration.
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title How the world’s most famous men’s bags came to be article The world is full of bags, but there’s one bag that’s still standing out.
This is the Gucci beltbag.
When you think of the world of men’s shoes, you probably think of leather.
But in a world of luxury brands, Gucci’s leather belts are one of the most iconic pieces.
They’re still around today, even if they’re not as popular as they once were.
The beltbag has been around since the 1940s, and it’s still going strong.
Here’s how the Guccis beltbag came to become a staple in the world, and how it was eventually adopted by the world at large.
The World of Men’s Leather Bags The earliest known beltbag was made by the German company Gucci in 1932.
The company had a strong following for its leather goods, but it also had an interest in the burgeoning American market, which at the time was dominated by the likes of Henry Moore and Dior.
The leather beltbag is made with a simple but functional design, and its most famous use was for the military, where the military could carry more of their gear than the civilian market.
The Beltbag as the World’s Most Popular Shoes Gucci made leather belts for the likes, like Dior, and men’s business and sportswear like the Guarancos.
The belts came in many different styles and were made of leather, leather cordovan, or leather suede, but the most popular belt in history is the “gucci” beltbag, a type of leather belt that combines the classic leather and leather-covered soles of the leather belt.
When people hear the word “gucci,” they usually think of Gucci leather belts.
Gucci was not alone in its pursuit of leather-lined shoes, and by the mid-20th century, it was the most prolific maker of leather shoes in the Western world.
The original Gucci Beltbag has a very simple design, but its construction is as complex as any other leather belt in existence.
The Gucci belts were also one of those shoes that was very popular with women, who found them both aesthetically pleasing and functional.
The classic leather strap on the front of the belt bag can be removed, allowing the leather to breathe, allowing for easier cleaning, and allowing for easy mobility for women.
The design of the Guicis beltbags was simple, but they were also quite durable.
The cordovan soles in the beltbag give the belts a very soft feel, but because they’re made of cowhide, they’re also very durable.
The Original Gucci Leather Beltbag The original beltbag that started it all was a single piece of leather made by a factory in France called Bauhaus.
When the company started making leather belts, they didn’t just make leather shoes; they also made belts for military personnel.
They also created a number of other products that were made with leather and were also marketed as military belts.
By the 1930s, the leather belts were worn by many military personnel and the leather was sold in many countries.
The basic beltbag design is still used today in many of the same places, but when it comes to the beltbags that we know today, the design of this early leather belt is very different.
There are no leather straps on the belt, just the leather lining.
There’s no lining at all on the back of the bag.
The entire bag is made of very soft leather.
Because the leather has no lining, the bag can’t be pulled open, but only pulled down and pulled up.
The bag has a large, flat strap, and the strap can be pulled out by pulling it down.
There is no strap at all to tie it all together, so there’s no way for the wearer to pull the bag back up to close it. 4.
The Beginning of the Beltbag Era As the leather industry developed, the belt was not just a fashion accessory for women, but also became a very useful tool for soldiers in the field.
The soldiers who used the belt had a tendency to pull it down in order to get the shoes on, and they could pull it up so that they could easily clean their boots.
The style of the shoes the soldiers used also allowed them to wear a leather belt and the boots they wore were usually leather, as well.
The shoes worn by soldiers were very different from the ones worn by their male counterparts, and a lot of people found that they fit better with the belts.
For men, they often had a larger size to fit the larger size of the belts, and there was a slight overlap between the leather and the soles.
The overall shape of the shoe was also a factor.
Some people thought that the soled shoes were more comfortable to wear on their feet, while others thought that


Get free copy of legacy forms
Forms are in PDF format
A thoughtfully constructed guide to leaving a legacy.
I was struck by “the power and importance of legacy” by three events: the birth of my granddaughter, learning I had cancer, and the discovery of old coins collected by me, my wife and our parents. This led me to formulate a process for creating a legacy “focused on helping future generations avoid missteps and guiding them with the knowledge and heritage of past generations.”
In this book, I discuss the meaning of legacy and then explore the effect one’s ancestors can have on future generations through a novel example: Barack Obama. “It was a very complex legacy provided from two different continents.” “Such a rich legacy our president was given by those who came before him.”
Next, I cover the benefits derived from creating a legacy, guiding the reader through the legacy creation process: how to decide on scope, determine themes and recipients, select gifts and create action plans, etc. I describe how to use coins as the basis for an ongoing collection that both represents our family’s history and provides an opportunity to educate my granddaughter about such good ideas as investing for the long term.
Included in the book, and included on this webpage are useful forms—input worksheets and legacy theme worksheets—to help facilitate the creation of a legacy plan. I have included my own family legacy plan as a detailed example for readers.
Clear, concise, and well-written; a finely crafted manual offering instructive and valuable assistance to those who want to leave a lasting legacy
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Costumes & History
Italian culture has many fantastic and colourful costumes. Each region and town has their own style of dress unique to their area. From the vivid coloured skirts of the south to the brilliant printed ones of Northern Italy there are many distinctive features added to make the attire their own. The characteristics of each costume are the result of geography, economy and climate.With extensive research we have tried to represent each region by carefully combining the old with the new. An antique family portrait, a folk dance group from Italy or a museum one had visited in their travels are all ways that have helped inspire our costumes.
Each year there are changes made for the Italian dances and music chosen. The whirling Tarantella might require a costume representative of Southern Italy with its vibrant red and green skirts. The men generally wear the same type of costume from region to region. The basic pieces consist of black or dark slacks that end below the knee, a white shirt and a vest usually made of velvet or wool.
Le Stelle Alpine Italian dancers are always looking and researching new ideas from all sources so the children can further enhance their knowledge the Italian culture and heritage incorporated into their dances and continue to pass it on to future members.


The History of Western Australian Veteran Golfers Association
The Western Australian Veteran Golfers Association Inc. was founded in 1982 following a visit by Mr. Macklin-Shaw, President South Australian Veteran Golfers Association.
Following a meeting at Royal Fremantle Golf Club on 16 th August 1982 addressed by Mr. Macklin-Shaw a steering committee was formed on 20 th September and we became affiliated with the Australian Veteran Golfers Union, embracing veteran golfers throughout Australia .
Inaugural steering committee:
President John Seward Lake Karrinyup Golf Club
V/President Roy Bolton Royal Fremantle Golf Club
Captain Dick McEwan Lake Karrinyup Golf Club
Secretary John Roberts Nedlands Golf Club
Committee Wally O’Donnell Sea View Golf Club
Norm Johnstone Western Australian Golf Club
Roy Ward Pickering Brook Golf Club
The first game was held at Royal Fremantle Golf Club on Friday 26 th November 1982 .
Competition fee $2.00 plus Green fee $3.00 plus a buffet meal for $5.00.
Invited guests included:
Mr. Ken King President Australian Veteran Golfers Union
Mr. Harry Macklin-Shaw President South Australian Golfers Association.
Mr. Jim Barr President Western Australian Golf Association.
Mr Max Binning Captain Royal Fremantle Golf Club.
Mr. Ray Turner (Sponsor) Town & Country Building Society.
W.A. Veteran Golfers Membership now stands at over 700 in the metro area, playing 40 games a year at each others courses, in the South West over 500 play at 18 courses during the year.
Western Australian Veteran Golfers Association. Inc. is affiliated with the Australian Veteran Golfers Union which has a President and Secretary and is controlled by one delegate from each State, W.A, S.A, Vic, Tas, NSW, A.C.T, Qld and N.T.
The National Tournament rotates around the states each year and is run by that state body under the auspices of the Australian Veteran Golfers Union Inc.
The Australian Veteran Golfers Union is affiliated with the world Federation of Seniors Golfers whose headquarters is in Broadmore USA where they play an annual international tournament open to all world players.
The Australian total number of registered players is over 30,000 in all states, with 1,200 in W.A.


By Gladys Likens Rumage
Julia Ann (Raley) Taylor was a tiny, energetic woman. She was small-boned with delicately shaped hands and feet. She weighed 86 to 90 pounds, and was a scant five feet in height. In my memory, her hair was straight, white, and thin. She was a bit stooped with the years, and in her seventies, at long last, weighed 100 pounds. That seemed to have been a long sought goal. She was constantly busy, and I can still recall the delicious aroma of her kitchen cupboards. It was, I believe, due to a mixture of spiced dried apples and a similar blend of pumpkin. These were kept in a brown, English, earthenware jar.
I inherited that jar and the lavender and white cream pitcher which I adored as a child. I realize that there were many other objects in that tall, cherry, corner-cupboard, but in the dimness of the past there remains the little pitcher and the room-filing sweetness of the spiced fruit.
With the addition of country sweet cream and eggs, fresh from the nest, these fruit mixtures became mouth watering pies. From the same brown jar, came the filling for delectable crescent fried pies. Her rolling pin, now used in my home, is worn small in the center section - mute testimony of the baking done in that kitchen.
A huge fireplace, designed for pioneer cookery, dominated the large room. It had long been abandoned for cooking purposes, but remained for warmth and cheer. A wonderful place for corn-pop-ping, and the roasting of potatoes and chestnuts, or toasting apples. Farm kitchens of that period contributed much of the family love and security for the younger generation. From them stemmed the family activities and hospitality.
In earlier years, that home was renowned for hospitality and was filled with young people. This was particularly true in summer. Shading the kitchen windows and spreading wide stood a service berry tree. This was without exception given the English flavor of "Sarvice" as we now hear in "Darby" rather than our American "Derby". "Sarvices" were ripe on the second Sunday in June, and everyone came there for this was the largest and most prolific tree in the community. There were also smaller ones in the orchards.
There were plum-thickets -- thorny sweetness -- and orchards with trees to climb, peaches and cherries to pick. Apples! June apples; Ben Davis, wonderful, tart; juicy Summer Reds; wintry Arkansaw Blacks and many others long lost in the limbo of the past; the musky cool of the grape arbor and the wide spreading of wild mulberry trees.
Nearby, one found watermelons just waiting to be thumped for ripeness and eaten there or carried to the house for cooling. The old fashioned muskmelons lay waiting with a tangy sweetness never equaled by their cantaloupe companions.
All these things and many more provided delight for guests, but meant work for my grandmother. Tables groaning with food were the rule in that part of Kentucky, and, as fruits and vegetables came into season, each was the delicacy of the moment.
From the garden came the young and tender, from the orchards the sweet and fresh. From the tangle of berry bushes the shortcakes and cobblers. Beyond these cultivated wonders were the far more tasty wild berries, grapes, and nuts to be had for the gathering. As they were just at the perfect peak of goodness, they must needs be canned, pre-served, dried, or stored for the winter. There was much work to be done. They were people with a zest for food and lots of it.
In these surroundings, being the youngest grandchild and the only grand-daughter, I knew peace, plenty, and a great security with considerable pampering. My impressions of my grandparents were of their old age since my mother was the youngest of her family. Her oldest brother, William Triplet, was 20 years older than she - her sister, Nancy Pigman, 10 years her senior, and James Martin, five years older. Two children died in infancy - John Pigman and Frances Lillian. Both died of what we now know to have been Diphtheria - then unknown, mysterious, and hopeless.
In my childhood I can remember some of the relatives who visited there, mainly those who came each year and stayed several weeks. Jonathan Raley came to see his sister Julia - he called her "Bugs" and it sounded strange to us. He was a courtly old gentleman with beautiful white hair who lived in some city in Kentucky but spent part of the time in Georgia. I have a faint remembrance of another brother Wesley. We visited in his home once. Jon't Raley, a very old man who had traveled all his life, grandmother's cousin, was the one who had traced the name back to Sir Walter Raleigh.
There seems to have always been Johns and Jonathans in the Raley family. My grandmother's father was John Raley. Her mother was Nancy Wilson. The pictures of John Raley seem to bear out the legend of Indian blood in the family, but there is no existing record of it. All I can remember about Nancy Wilson are the stories of her marriage. It took place in Washington, D.C. She was a southern belle and according to the old English custom a three day "Infair" was held following the wedding. It seems to have been quite an event of the time. People came on horseback for some distance, and many people attended.
The farm, the life-long home of my grandparents, was a section of land settled by Ignatius Pigman Taylor and Nancy Leach Taylor. It was cleared and settled by them under a Virginia grant. It is still owned by direct descendants bearing the Taylor name.
This couple had a son, eight daughters, and another son. The older son, Henry Leach Taylor, and his brother, Lorenzo Dow Taylor, each inherited one-half of the original grant and each lived out their lives on the adjoining farms. It might be interesting to record the married names of the eight daughters. They were Miller, Jones, Parks, Johnston, Gilstrap, Williams, Stuart, and Porter.
It would have been gratifying to know how and when Henry and Julie, as she was called, met. (Could I have chosen my own name it would have been Julia Ann.) However, I cannot recall any mention of the meeting or where they were married. They did not come from the same community.
Henry Taylor was more than six feet tall, as were all his sons and grandsons. I was the shrimp of the family, and I believe much prized by my grandfather be-cause of it. Since I was such a tiny baby, he greatly desired that he might live to see me reach maturity. He considered this an impossibility because of his advanced age. He lived until I was 14, so pretty much reached his goal. Perhaps he admired small women since he married one, at least he made me feel special and I never resented being small.
He had curly brown hair, a silver gray in my time, and a full beard. Even at his death, at 86, his eyes were like bits of blue sky and he had a full set of sound teeth. His disposition was sweet and gentle. The family agreed that Julie administered the discipline. She was strict, but they harbored no resentment because they said she was consistent and just. This story was frequently told by Uncle Jim. He had disobeyed when quite a big boy, ran away from her when she attempted some correction. She did not follow or mention it again that day - until he was getting into bed that night. Then she landed on him with a paddle and told him that was double punishment for disobeying and running. He would tell that and roar with laughter. He was a huge man and a wonderful story teller.
My grandfather was as tender hearted as a woman. His eyes would fill with tears at the mention of anything sad. They mourned the loss of the two babies, but differently. I never saw my grandmother in tears even at his death. She spoke so often of those babies and often told us of the great beauty of Frances - the most beautiful child in the country 'round. Henry's fair skin, blue eyes and black hair rippling with curls. She told us how hard it was to see them choke to death with the mysterious disease, and how grateful we should be for science and doctors. Her sorrow was deep and lasting - but no tears. When my grandfather was very old, he used to weep bitterly at the thought of dying. He loved life.
He reasoned with children and explained all questions to the best of his ability. He had a great facility for managing without punishment. As far back as I can remember he did very little work because of age and ill health. So I was able to be with him a great deal. He loved nature and told me so much - some I can remember, but more became a part of my nature. He never failed to notice that I was neat and clean and to compliment that fact.
He insisted that to waste food was a sin and could tell me when food was scarce and sugar impossible to get. Times were very hard in the Civil War days. He could remember bears and Indians. Perhaps that had to do with his feeling that one never took more food than could easily be eaten. Food was eaten as served - never messed about on the plate - plates should be finished and neat at the end of the meal. This was never an order, but explained on the basis that any other procedure was as animals - not the behavior of ladies and gentlemen. I don't know how this affected the other grandchildren, but it made a lasting impression on me.
Courtesy was instinctive with him. He never failed to thank me or say excuse me exactly as he would have to an adult. They were farmers and pioneer stock, but they were not rough, common people. There was good breeding on both sides. My grandmother's brothers were intelligent, fluent, and courteous. They were well read for that day and excellent conversationalists - in fact the conversation in that home was never dull. Julie was not taught to write, but read well and studied her newspaper like a text book. She discussed policies of the government, only she called it "giverment" and Teddy Rosenveldt, as she called him, was a very fine President. At days end, she settled down with her paper or mending. Her hands were seldom idle.
I can clearly remember two of her favorite mottoes - almost hear her voice. "Anything worth doing is worth doing well. Never start anything on Friday that you cannot finish that day." The last was a sure means of having an orderly house on the weekend and clear decks on Monday morning.
Religion, as such, was seldom mentioned in that home, but they lived it every day. They were Methodists, but just as much at home with any of the other denominations. We had various creeds in the family without the slightest friction. I absorbed no prejudices in that house except perhaps that farmers who were late risers were shiftless, and I must admit that was true of those I knew.
Their home was simple neat and clean. I can never recall its being in any other condition. Julie would never have tolerated it for a minute. In fact, she was constantly after the men to keep the farm in the same order. Seeds in the ground at the proper time - fence-rows clean - underbrush cut, stacked, and burned. All this was never done, but I can remember considerable agitation on the subject.
The farm was approximately 4 miles North of Cromwell and 6 miles East of Beaver Dam, Kentucky. In my opinion, the house was originally a large, one room, log building. That was true of most early homes of that day. In my day, there was a large, enclosed breezeway back of the first big room, then the kitchen. A bedroom attached to the original on the front and a wide veranda across both. These two rooms were either two stories or one and a half. There were sleeping quarters there, also storage space and the place where the books were kept. There was a Dutch door dividing the two upstairs rooms and they were on two levels. The breezeway was on a lower lever than the main room as was the kitchen.
The inside walls were of wide poplar planks. This wood takes on a warm brown satin with age and was beautiful. Her beds were the high headboard type of black walnut. They were all furnished with huge soft feather-beds of down plucked from her own geese. They had snowy white coverlets in the summer and wool, hand-woven, like the one I have, for winter. There were feather-beds, pillows and quilts for each child and some for the grandchildren. You have or had one of the pillows. There was a large drop-leaf walnut dining table in the breezeway. It was brought down the Ohio River on a flat boat during the Civil
War. My mother sold it some years ago as an antique.
There was a service porch the length of the kitchen and breezeway on the side opposite the bedroom ell. A fence joined the house on both sides of the back to separate the vegetable garden from the yard. The yard was thick with Bermuda grass and there were clusters of old-fashioned roses, iris, daffodils and the usual flowers of that period. In the summer, there were drying racks for peaches and apples. In the afternoon, the family women and guests were busy preparing fruit for drying and canning. We had chairs outside, and moved them as the sun moved so we would always have shade.
My grandfather spent the summer months on the wide veranda - over-looking the farm and house of his brother. He watched the sun, and could tell the time by the shadow it cast. He could read the sky and forecast the weather. There was a bird house for the Martins and he knew just when they would arrive from the South. There were Bluebird nests in the barn-lot fence posts. We might look at the eggs or little birds, but never touch. We were taught to know the eggs of most birds by their color. Trees by the bark and by the grain of the wood. Mostly now forgotten.
There was the grist mill and saw mill on the next farm to visit, the fields, woods, brooks and creek of all the family farms as a playground with freedom and leisure unrestricted. From the house, we had books provided we put them away after each reading period. We might borrow them to take home, but they must be returned in good condition. Books, magazines, and papers were interchanged throughout the family and commanded great respect.
My cousin, Everett Presley Taylor (named for Dad, Richard Presley Likens), and I were the small fry of the family. He was six months older than I and we were ten or twelve years younger than the other grandchildren. My sister, being 14 years younger than I, does not have a part in my childhood days. She was born just before my grandfather died. My aunt and her sons Claud, Fred, and Henry Porter lived in that home several years after her husband died. Uncle Trip's son, Courtlan, lived on the adjoining farm. These four were of the same age group. Henry was six feet, six and three quarter inches in his stocking feet. The others were only six feet or possibly an inch or two more. Everett, Uncle Jim's son, lived on the same farm, just about a block down the road and was at home in each house.
There were three dogs - my Tower, black and tan; Old Sly, a white nondescript breed who belonged to the house; and Carlo, Courtlan's dog. Carlo was a black and white shepherd and met with a fate that shocked the entire family. Someone fed him ground glass.
Our own farm (the Likens farm) was just north of the home tract and I was able to go back and forth with my dog at an early age. Both places were on hills and most of my way was clearly visible from both homes. In my home the same principles prevailed and most of the people in the immediate community were near or distant relations. There were within my scope some people who were of different standards - less desirable from our standpoint. These were treated with unfailing courtesy, but contacts were kept to a minimum.
By the time we were in school with a mixture of children I had a good knowledge of who was desirable as an associate and pretty well knew why another was less so. This was based entirely on behavior and never on position or money. School was a mile and a half walk partly thru' full grown forest. Perhaps that is one reason for my great love of trees. It was sometimes rough going in bad weather, but I can't see that it did me any damage.
Profanity scarcely existed in the family, certainly not around women and children, and obscene language was never heard or tolerated. It was called "blackguarding" and we were told that there were sufficient words in our language to express any emotion, without lowering ourselves to the level of any so ill-bred as to use it. For a long time, I viewed with extreme distaste a family by the name of Blacklock because for some childish reason I associated it with Blackguard. Well-bred and ill-bred were words one lived with and by, and ugly was a familiar word, not as facial faults, but as to behavior.
No where in my childhood impressions exists any experience of drinking (the term used at that time). Evidently none of them drank. I do remember that there were some wild young men in the community who, I was told, drank and were quite beyond the limits of good taste because of that and their consequent behavior.
Great stress was given to learning in all directions and praise for my efforts however small. Learning from experience was as important as from books. However, I was much encouraged to use books and directions so that I might be independent - not to have to sometime wait for instruction from people. I suppose there was much talk about being independent of other people, but not on the basis of dislike of them, but certainly with a great aversion to imposition on others. We were well aware of unfortunate mistakes made by people and taught to excuse and forgive when people reclaimed themselves. Self-respect was just about the most important requisite in life, and if one did the best one could it need never be forfeited.
I read voraciously - all types of things available to me. It was a family theory that knowledge even of the rough side of life would be of great protection so reading matter was not restricted. The difference in good and bad literature was thoroughly explained to the best of their ability, and I have never been able to enjoy the cheap or lurid.
There was a great amount of outdoor life possible to me, and much of it was enjoyable. A little work, much play, quite a lot of time that had to be filled without companionship other than books, and pets, and hobbies. When very small, instead of being sung to sleep - I was read to sleep and my favorite subjects were the travel articles by Frank G. Carpenter. Nearly all of it was adult reading level, and has no doubt done much to set my taste and appreciation of such things. All this led to my insistence that you boys (her children) have and use library cards as early as it was possible to print your names. That being the requirement of the library system.
Everett and I had lots of fun together and I never missed not having a brother. I fact, most all of my companions were boys. There were no small girls on the nearby farms. We had many projects, my cousin and I. We have made dozens of rabbit traps, snares, etc. We gathered ginseng one whole season. It is a small forest plant (the name is Chinese) and we set out beds -- that never grew quite properly, altho' some lived. This is dried and sold on the market possibly for medicinal uses. We had visions of collecting a lot of money from the growth of our beds. We dug wells, coal mines, and many things drawn from the talk of adults and fortified with our imaginations. We were healthy, happy, and secure. He unfortunately was a victim, of Polio in his young manhood and was permanently crippled, but not to the extent of not being able to earn a living.
One other person must be mentioned as a part of the life about me. A nephew of Henry Taylor - a reputed agnostic who dedicated his life to the service of others. Edgar Gilstrap, a natural raconteur. Had there been the desire or opportunity he would have been a wonderful actor. In my day, he was a practical nurse and received little or no pay. He appeared in homes when need was desperate and remained while needed. He lived, when not on duty, with a son and daughter-in-law. He often came to visit and later, when he was needed there, spent months with grandfather. Julie Ann had little patience with his idleness, but appreciated the good he did. He and Henry spent many happy hours together and loved one another dearly, but grandmother believed about a third of the stories he told. He had a gift in that direction and could entertain a yard full of people a whole afternoon. He became whatever character he was depicting and his stories were funny never malicious. Nor were they often about anyone we knew. Sometimes they were a little risqué and profane. He explained to us that it was necessary to use the words the people used, but that we should not use them. He was a polished gentleman and we adored him.
One nonsensical story clings in my memory. The story goes that a father had promised a reward for the best lie told by a small son and daughter. The son began. "Pap, do you see that old dead tree way over yonder, sticks up above all the others?"
"Yes son, I do seed it."
"Well Pap, I seed a chigger crawlin' right up the top."
The exasperated father stormed, "Son, I've a good notion to give you a lickin' for tellin' such an outrageous lie!".
The small girl piped up, "Sure so Pap. I seed it wink its eye."
Cousin Edgar would be surprised and touched that I here record a bit of his whimsy and remember with delight his presence and part in our family life. He usually observed some point after a story. In the above - women not only usually had the last word, but also got the best of the situation.
The old house was torn down when Julie and Henry were too old to manage it alone and another and better one was built by Uncle Jim. They had a room there, and Julie kept it as immaculate as ever. She continued to do a great deal of work and care for my Grandfather. He died of a kidney ailment after a long bed-fast period. She continued there and never relaxed her vigilant care of the place, doing her own laundry etc. until the day she was found lying in the yard where she was working. She died a few hours later of apoplexy.
Henry Taylor's death was the first to occur in the family in more than 50 years. They were a vigorous people and led healthy lives. Uncle Trip died not long after his mother and a few years later Uncle Jim. My Aunt lived ten or fifteen years more. There is now only one small boy to carry on the name of Taylor (this particular branch) and is the son of Darrel Taylor of Beaver Dam.
My mother (Viola Ann Likens), the remaining member of the family is, I think, the best composite of the two. In coloring she is more like Julie. She once had her blue-black hair, but the perfect curl came from Henry. Her eyes of brown were neither the snap-ping black of Julie nor the bright blue of her father. She had the facial formation of her father and his emotional nature, the ambition of Julie, and the excellent mind of both. It is an odd circumstance that with parents with the same blue-black hair, I should have had mousy brown and you with gold. It is as if the color ran out with the sand of time.
In these pages you will find a reasonably accurate picture of the lives that came and went before you. You will perhaps find much of it so much a part of you as to be completely familiar. That will be those undefinable and indescribable family characteristics carrying down through the years. Some of it endures thru' training, some of it in family resemblances, some of it, we will say, just goes thru' the generations sometimes strong, sometimes weak - but proof of the heritage of the ages.
Herein lies something of the lives of average American people. Pioneers, farmers who fortunately for us were strong in mind and body, strong in determination to achieve a good life and secure place for the future generations.


Welcome in Kibera in Nairobi, the largest slum in East-Africa. By our slum tour in Kibera you will hear and experience more about the history, geography and culture.
Kibera has a population estimated at one million. The name “Kibera” is derived from a Nubian word meaning “forest” or “jungle.”
The slum originated in 1918 as a Nubian soldiers’ settlement in a forest outside Nairobi, with plots allotted to soldiers as a reward for service in the First World War and earlier wars.
The British colonial government of the time allowed the settlement to grow informally, primarily because of the Nubians’ status as former servants of the British crown that put the colonial regime in their debt.
Essentially, since the early 1970s landlords have rented out their property to a significantly greater number of tenants than legality permits. Since the slum-dwellers find the rates offered to be comparatively affordable, the number of residents in Kibera has increased accordingly despite its unauthorised nature. Its population is put at anything between 600,000 and 1.2 million.
Kibera is situated southwest of Nairobi city centre and is framed by a railroad line and the Ngong River. In an area of about 4 square kilometres there are approximately one million people living, one third of Nairobi’s population and it could even be more. There are no precise figures. People say it is the most dense populated area on earth. The living conditions within Kibera are different depending on the area.
Kibera has residents coming from all the major ethnic backgrounds with some areas being specifically dominated by one tribe. This multi-ethnic nature coupled with the tribalism of Kenyan politics has led Kibera to be the site of small ethnic conflicts throughout its near 100 year history.
A railway line passes through Kibera, thus passengers heading for Kisumu can view the slum. This railway has got a lot of history as you will find out during the tour. It’s ‘the voice’ of the people of Kibera in politics.
Kibera is heavily polluted by soot, dust, and other wastes. Open sewage routes, in addition to the common use of flying toilets, also contribute to contamination of the slum with human and animal faeces.


Pike School of Art – Mississippi (PSA-MS) is a space for interdisciplinary creative experimentation where artists and writers with diverse backgrounds and proficiencies come together and interact in a rural setting in America’s Deep South. PSA-MS offers residencies, workshops, talks, and space for art-making and discursive research. Activities take place in and near the city of McComb and the town of Summit in Pike County, Mississippi.
PSA-MS encourages artwork and curatorial or writing projects that create articulations about the Deep South, including Mississippi’s and Louisiana’s histories of conflict and adjustment between Old and New World societies and Europeans’ early relationship with the indigenous populations. Projects about the ongoing African-American struggle to achieve full participation in American society are especially welcome.
Activities are based in the residency facilities with excursions to regional cultural centers that may include Jackson, the state capital (Mississippi Museum of Art, the Mississippi Governor’s Mansion, the Old Capitol Museum, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History’s campus, the International Museum of Muslim Cultures), Biloxi (Ohr-O’Keefe Museum of Art campus, designed by Frank Gehry, and Beauvoir, Jefferson Davis’ home and presidential library), and Natchez (Grand Village of the Natchez Indians and the Natchez Trace Parkway).
Two-week residencies include two days in New Orleans with visits to Prospect New Orleans (when in session), the Contemporary Arts Center, the McKenna Museum of African American Art, the New Orleans Museum of Art, and the Louisiana State Museum, including the Cabildo and the Presbytère. A side trip to Baton Rouge includes a visit to the Capitol Park Museum, designed by New Orleans-based studio Eskew+Dumez+Ripple and completed in 2006.
About Pike, County, Mississippi
Pike County is located in the southwest part of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 40,404. Pike County is named for explorer Zebulon Pike, who led the expedition, sent out by President Thomas Jefferson, to explore and document the southern portion of the Louisiana territory. There are two cities, McComb and Magnolia (the county seat), and two towns, Summit and Osyka, in Pike County.
McComb, the largest city in Pike County, is about 80 miles (130 km) south of Jackson and 100 miles north of New Orleans, Louisiana (120 km). As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 13,644. The climate in southern Mississippi is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.
McComb has a troubled past. During the 1960s, McComb and nearby areas were the site of extreme violence by the KKK and other opponents to the Civil Rights movement. In 1961, it was the location of Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee’s (SNCC) first voter registration project in the state, which was quickly met with violence and intimidation by authorities and the local KKK. SNCC members of the Council of Federated Organizations worked in McComb in mid-July of 1964 on voter registration. From late August 1964 through September, after passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, McComb was the setting for eleven bombings directed against African-Americans. The following summer, Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and African-Americans could register and vote again in vote again in Mississippi, after more than a century of disenfranchisement.


“A church without children is a church without a future.”
The late Pope Shenouda III, the 117th Pope and Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church and the see of St. Mark.
At St. Justina’s, we understand the importance of focusing on our kids; and that’s why we’re honored to continue the legacy of our fathers in a comprehensive Sunday School program that serves every age group.
A brief history of Coptic Sunday School and St. Habib Guirguis
St. Archdeacon Habib Guirguis was born in 1876. He would go on to become the first student at the now renowned Coptic Orthodox Theological Seminary in Cairo, Egypt and later its 2nd dean. Before he became the head of the renowned Theological Seminary, Habib Guirguis felt that preaching and adult education were not sufficient enough for the advancement of the Coptic Orthodox Church. Protestant and Catholic Missionaries had been at work since the mid-nineteenth century, with the aim to radically influence the views of the Copts in order to abandon their long lasting faith in Oriental Orthodoxy. Thus, with many issues at hand, Habib Guirguis decided to establish Sunday schools at the turn of the twentieth century as a means of satisfying the need for education. As a result, Coptic Orthodox Sunday schools were founded in major cities in Egypt in the year 1900–15 years before there were even Egyptian public schools! The Sunday school movement flourished in Egypt after much hard work, and now, Coptic studies thrive in Egypt and abroad.
As Habib Guirguis saw it, the interest of young children were the true foundations of Sunday schools, and by 1900, Sunday school was the main pillar for the renaissance of Coptic Orthodox Christianity in the twentieth century until present, thanks in part to the hard work of Habib Guirguis and other famous modern-day Sunday school teachers in the Coptic Church. Coptic churches and villages throughout Egypt at the start of the twentieth century felt that they needed to include better curriculum and more textbooks. By the year 1899, Pope Cyril V issued orders pertaining to the need to teach children to learn and deepen their faith, as Habib Guirguis visualized the need for raising children in accordance with the teachings of Christianity and the spirit of faithful patriotism.
Habib Guirguis worked to restructure Sunday school curricula significantly, as he had striven to do what he did eventually: to improve academic standards.
Habib Guirguis departed to our heavenly father in 1951. He was officially canonized and inducted into the Coptic book of Saints (the Synexarium) as Saint Archdeacon Habib Guirguis, in June 2013 at the hands of the our beloved father Pope Tawadros the 2nd, 118th Pope and Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church and the see of St. Mark. Long after his departure, his historic movement to create the Sunday School program lives on today.
St. Justina Sunday School Program (Sunday @ 11:00 am)
At St. Justina, we are proud to carry on the tradition and movement of St. Habib Guirguis. We offer Sunday School classes for all ages from pre-k to high school. All of the servants in this program are educated and well trained in the Coptic Orthodox church. They give their time and effort to relay their knowledge and education upon our children today. Our program relies heavily on the curriculum approved by HG Bishop Youseff, Bishop of the Coptic Orthodox Diocese of the Southern United States. The curriculum is broken down into grades and weeks throughout the year. You can find the curriculum at the bottom of this page and simply navigate to your child’s age and find the lessons they are being given every week. Below you will find a list of all the classes by grade and the servants/teachers of those classes. Each class has the name of a saint and that saint serves as the patron saint of the class. If you have any questions, feel free to contact the servants of the class.
The Southern Diocese Sunday School Curriculum can be found here.
Classes and Servants/Teachers:
|Grade||Pre-K||Kindergarten||1st & 2nd Grades||3rd & 4th Grade||5th & 6th Grade||7th & 8th Grade||9th & 10th Grade||11th & 12th Grade|
|Saint||The Angels||St. Abanoub||Archangel Raphael||Archangel Michael||Holy Virgin Mary||St. Peter & St. Paul||St. Justina||St. John Chrysostom|


Jeckerson is a brand that made the history of denim in Italy. For over 25 years, their trousers have been characterized by a unique and unmistakable stylistic trait: a particular patch on the front of each trousers, sometimes made with a different fabric. In 2022 we have been called to redesign the brand logo in a more modern key, without losing the DNA and the characteristic features of the brand. We therefore chose to work on the iconic trouser patch, a timeless trait that is interpreted in an essential, modern way, characterized by a marked negative space. The new "J" becomes a new sign, but at the same time it's full of history and capable of relaunching the new collection by signing every detail.


The Revelation of the Magi is an ancient book believed to be an actual account of the three wise men that came to Bethlehem bringing gifts to the new born Savior some 2,000 years ago. The single copy of this book is kept in the Vatican. Up until now it had never been translated from the ancient language of which was written; however just this year a scholar of ancient languages has translated the book.
The story now has another historical source other than the Bible. Hardly anything is told us about the Magi from scripture other than they came from the East bringing gifts to the baby Jesus. It is now believed that they made the journey from as far away as China. There is an ancient road that goes all the way to China from Judah. It is believed that ancient caravans traveled this road to Israel and the Land of Canaan.
The journey would had been a very long one and would been over some of the most rugged territory in the Middle East. It would have required months and maybe even years to have made a journey like this.
The Magi were anticipating the star to appear and when it did they were prepared to make the journey. Distance and difficulty of the trip didn’t seem to be a consideration. It was to them apparently the fulfillment of a lifelong dream, to see the messiah in their lifetime.
Today that sort of dedication and purpose may not be so prominent but in those days anticipation of a Messiah that would be the savior of a people who were the victims of much hardship and deprivation was quiet something to anticipate.
Today also we have the same promise from scripture that Jesus is the Messiah, the Savior who came to deliver the lost from a life in bondage of sin. We take this Christmas to worship him and to praise him as our redeemer and to once again declare his birth and rejoice that he has victory over death and the grave and is our Lord, our comforter and actually our purpose for living.


It’s known as Taps in the United States.
The story behind the “Last Post”. Reportedly, it all began in 1862 during the American Civil War, when Union Army Captain Robert Ellicombe was with his men near Harrison’s Landing in Virginia. During the night, Captain Ellicombe heard the moans of a soldier who lay severely wounded on the field. The Captain decided to risk his life and bring the stricken man back for medical attention. Crawling on his stomach through the gunfire, the Captain reached the stricken soldier and began pulling him toward his encampment. When the Captain finally reached his own lines, he discovered it was actually a Confederate soldier, but the soldier was dead.
The Captain lit a lantern and suddenly caught his breath. It was his own son. The boy had been studying music in the South when the war broke out. Without telling his father, the boy enlisted in the Confederate Army. The Captain asked for permission to bury his son with full military honors but was refused because the soldier was a Confederate. He then asked for a military band to play at his son’s funeral but again was denied. Out of respect for the Captain Command allowed him one musician. He chose a bugler. He asked the bugler to play a series of musical notes he had found on a piece of paper in the pocket of the dead youth’s uniform. The haunting melody, we now know as ‘The Last Post’ used at military funerals was born.
“I confess, without shame, that I am sick and tired of fighting — its glory is all moonshine; even success the most brilliant is over dead and mangled bodies, with the anguish and lamentations of distant families, appealing to me for sons, husbands, and fathers, it is only those who have never heard a shot, never heard the shriek and groans of the wounded and lacerated that cry aloud for more blood, more vengeance, more desolation. War is Hell.”
by General William Tecumsen Sherman, Union Army Commander
On Anzac Day 2016


As you can see from the facade of the Hotel it is a grade II Georgian listed Building, built c.1830 and it has seen many changes since it was the first home of Newnham College in 1871. Even the house number has changed back in 1830 it was 74 Regent Street and in the early 1900's the house numbers on Regent Street altered and we became Number 41 all very confusing when you are researching the history of your building.
Anne Thomson, the Newnham College Archivist, has very kindly provided us with copies of material relating to Newnham's past home in Regent Street. The College's first five students started under the guidance of Miss Clough in 1871 and by Easter 1872 there were 8 students studying here. Anne sent us an extract from Mary Paley Marshall's memoir(one of the first five) "What I Remember" and it mentions "I was one of the five students who lived with Miss Clough in 74 Regent Street (now the Glengarry Hotel)".
It was still called The Glengarry Hotel when our parents acquired the property in the 1940's. We have an extract kept at reception from Mary Paley's memoir of the second chapter entitled "Cambridge and the beginnings of Newnham, 1870-1875)" available for guests to read.
Anne also sent us another piece to our hotel-history jigsaw by way of this invitation from Miss K Reeve, a student at Newnham from 1907-1910, to Miss Alice Gardner. Miss Gardner was a student at Newnham in 1876 and remained associated with the college all her life. When she received this invitation from Miss Reeve she would have been teaching History at Newnham.
My research shows that from 1875 to c1910 our beautiful building was used as a private residence and then from 1910 it was run by Mr J W Hall and his family as The Birdbolt Family and Commercial Temperance Hotel. This links very nicely with Miss Reeves "At Home " invitation where she invites Miss Alice Gardner to the Birdbolt Hotel. 41 Regent Street, "The Cradle of Newnham College".
In 1922 the building was acquired by a Miss Pink who renamed the Hotel and called it The Glengarry, this name was to stick for fifty years even though the building changed hands a number of times. From 1927 to 1929 a Mrs Mason ran the hotel as The Glengarry Commercial and Family Hotel.
By 1936 Miss Armstead and her sister were the owners and it was from these two sisters that our parents bought the Glengarry Hotel in the 1940's.
During the 1970's the Hotel was rented out and after our father died in 1985, my mother, my brother and I decided to run the hotel once more. After an extensive modernisation programme we re-opened it as the Regent Hotel in December 1985. Today we continue to update and improve the Hotel to reflect new trends and changing customer needs.


© Calgary N-Scale Traksters Society. All rights reserved.
In the fall of 1974, with the encouragement of the late Jim Fitzgerald, originator of NTRAK, Gil Gerretsen sought to start an NTRAK group in Calgary. With the help of the late Hans Madsen of Hobby West, who introduced several local N-scalers to Gil, group discussions started about forming a club. The group called itself Cantrak Calgary.
In the spring of 1975 the group decided to build a display layout based on the CPR’s Spiral Tunnels at Field, B.C with both ends being compatible with NTRAK. In October of 1975 the Cal-O-Rail club offered space to build the layout and the club was formally organized. Gil left the club for work in Winnipeg about this time. A new club, the Cantrak Society of Model Railroaders, was formed in the spring of 1976 with Don Churches as President.
The Spiral Tunnels layout was designed by the late John Hoggard and consisted of two modules each seven and a half feet long by three feet wide. All track and switches on the layout were hand laid using code 55 rail. The mountain scenery was made of plaster using different rock moulds to create the many rock faces on the layout. Hundreds of hand-made trees completed the award-winning landscape.
The layout was first displayed, although not yet completely finished, at the Calgary area model train show in 1977. During the next ten years Cantrak displayed the Spiral Tunnels layout at the annual train show, and at the 1979 NMRA Rail-Rodeo Convention in Calgary and the 1983 NMRA Convention in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It was at the Winnipeg convention that the club won the NMRA's “best module display in show” award.
The club formally incorporated as a Society in Alberta in 1981 under the name of Cantrak Society of Model Railroaders. The club had grown from a small group in the mid 1970’s to a large club by the mid 1980’s. In 1983 the club decided to start building transportable modules which interfaced with the Spiral Tunnels to grow the club's layout.
The club moved into a new layout and meeting space in Palliser Square in 1984 and remained there until 1991 when the club lost its home under the Husky Tower. The loss of this space meant club modules now needed to be stored at members' homes. The Spiral Tunnels layout was abandoned at this time as it was suffering continual damage to its delicate plaster terrain features and was heavy, awkward, and difficult to move and store.
The club then started building smaller two foot by four foot individual member modules, based on the NTRAK standard, but with two main lines. These new modules could be put together during shows to form a large layout, similar to the NTRAK concept.
In 1994 the club moved into a warehouse on Centre Street South and remained there for about two years before moving again, in 1997, to a space in the Burns Building.
In 1999 the club moved again, into the basement of a warehouse on 10 Street Southwest.
Two years later the club was homeless again and, for a time, meetings were held at the home of the late Chris Michiels, who was the club’s president.
In 2002 the club was stricken from the register of Alberta Societies as annual reports were no longer being submitted to the government as required. For the next several years meetings were held at the home of Selwyn Morris who had become the president. Selwyn also had the pleasure of storing much of the clubs equipment and modules.
In 2006, with the advancement of digital command control, the club made the decision to adopt DCC and converted the inner main line to use it. The outer mainline remained analog DC. The first DCC trains, using MRC’s Prodigy Advanced DCC system, operated on the layout during the 2008 Calgary SuperTrain show.
The use of wireless DCC was attempted at the 2012 Calgary SuperTrain show but it proved problematic. After sending our master controller to MRC for service we tried wireless DCC once again, this time at Heritage Park’s Railway Days 2012. The system worked flawlessly.
The club acquired two return loop modules and we have used them since then as they avoid the need for a duck under to enter the inside of the layout. This saved our aching backs and knees but it meant that DCC is now used on both main lines as they are no longer electrically isolated. The club has been 100% DCC ever since. Doug Forrester, owner of Eastridge Hobbies, offered his excess warehouse space as a place to meet and store stuff. Meetings were also held at the Eastridge store for several years.
In 2014 the club decided to re-incorporate as the Calgary N-Scale Traksters Society and celebrated by entering our largest layout ever, 34 feet by 34 feet, in the Calgary SuperTrain show. At this time, the late David Bates offered his home and garage as a place to meet and store things.
Our display at the 2015 Calgary SuperTrain show set a new record for the club, both in the number of modules set up and the quality of our presentation. Being the club’s fortieth year of operation, we expended extra effort in creating new modules and signage, painting the back drop sky boards and keeping our display space clean and orderly. We were rewarded with the scale second runner up prize.
In 2016 we upped our game yet again with a few new modules and new signage for the Calgary SuperTrain show. Our show manager, John Ambrose, worked hard to get all in shape and we were rewarded with the scale first runner up prize, a great accomplishment considering the very stiff competition.
The year 2017 saw even more new modules and changes to others for the Calgary SuperTrain show. Members focused on selling N-scale to anyone who would listen.
As we entered 2018 the club focused on replacing the two old return loop modules with new ones. We also started to experiment with MRC’s wifi control system which allowed members to use their smartphones to control trains instead of using a wireless controller. A few wrinkles appeared but overall performance was good.
Work on the new return loops continues and discussions around replacing our fiddle yard have started.


Past and Present
In the beginning...
Henry Bose and his brother Louis built he original Bose Farmhouse circa 1898. In 1901 Henry married Emma Churchland. The couple expanded the original small homestead circa 1910 as the farm prospered and for their growing family of 8 children.
Since the 1990's, planned redevelopment has transformed the former pastoral and Agricultural countryside into a vital residential community. Receiving Heritage Status, the century-old Bose Farmhouse, Milk Cooling Shed, and Calf Barn have been revitalized and integrated into Harvest at Bose Farm.
The Calf Barn will be transformed into a Clubhouse. The southwest portion of the farm, also known as ‘Bose Forest’, is being transformed into a community park for all to enjoy!
Our townhomes border this beautiful City Park
The Bose Forest City Park:


At the 16th China International Wine Industry Development Forum, Sun Baoguo, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and President of Beijing Technology and Business University, talked about the history of wine technology development in the Qing Dynasty from the origin of wine. Academician Sun Baoguo believes that Chinese wine is unique in the world, but Chinese wine still has a long way to go to the world. The following is the full text of the speech:
The origin of national wine
Everyone knows that baijiu and rice wine are China’s national wine. Who made the earliest wine? Some people say it’s brewed by monkeys, and some say it’s brewed by Dukang. In fact, the earliest wine was brewed by ancient ancestors, earlier than Dukang’s time.
There are two prerequisites for the large-scale winemaking of human beings. The first is to have a container for winemaking, which is the Chinese invention of the pottery jar; the second is to have the raw materials for winemaking. The earliest raw material for making wine may be fruit. Because everyone knows that fruits contain glucose, which is the easiest to alcoholize into wine. For large-scale brewing, we must have grain for brewing with grain, and rice. The planting of rice is also a very important prerequisite. How long is the history of rice cultivation in China? Modern textual research is that rice began to be grown 14,000 years ago.
The development of national wine
Talking about the history of national wine, we should first talk about rice wine. When did the earliest winemaking begin? Here is an article published in the United States. Here are a few words:”The origin of world winemaking is likely to be in China. Chinese people have mastered the winemaking technology 9,000 years ago. At that time, the raw materials for winemaking may be rice, honey, grapes and hawthorn.”
According to the textual research of the Henan Jiahu site culture, the history of winemaking in China should be 9,000 years ago. This is fermented rice, some called rice wine, and some called glutinous rice. The alcohol content is still relatively low. With the continuous advancement of winemaking technology, the alcohol content is constantly improving, and the rice wine with a relatively high alcohol content is filtered to become yellow wine. Archaeological findings indicate that the Hemudu site in Zhejiang has evidence that China made yellow wine more than 7000 years ago. The original weaving machine was also found in this site. With cloth, the rice wine can be filtered out. Many places in China, such as Daixian rice wine, are still filtered with cloth.
This is the earliest”Book of Songs” in China. There are more than 50 chapters in the Book of Songs that introduce the history of winemaking and drinking. It has been more than two thousand years. This is a written record, all of which were discovered by archaeology.
How many years is the history of Chinese liquor? With rice wine, another 5,000 years later, the still was invented. The tomb of Haihunhou was discovered in Nanchang in 2015. The discovery of the distiller inside brought the history of Chinese distilled spirits to more than 2,000 years ago. So when did the history of Chinese wine begin? Many people say that it started from the Yuan Dynasty, in fact, from the Western Han Dynasty, but it has only been six years since archaeological discoveries.
The history of the development of Chinese white wine and rice wine is probably like this:first there was rice wine, and the rice wine was filtered after it had a high degree. After filtration, there was rice wine, and after the rice wine was distilled, it became white wine. The earliest white wine in China may not have been fermented in solid state, but rice wine was steamed.
We say that alcohol and medicine are of the same origin, and alcohol is the primer of medicine. Drinking alcohol in moderation is good for health. The expression of medicinal liquor began in the Shang and Zhou dynasties.
The history of science and technology of winemaking
The history of science and technology of winemaking in China, it should be said that there has been winemaking technology since we began to make wine, but it is a pity that there is no written record. The scientific and technological history of winemaking in China should have started in the San Qin era. There were”Six Methods of Ancient Relics” in the”Historical Records” in the San Qin era, including the raw materials, distiller’s yeast and temperature of the wine.
During the Han Dynasty, there was Jiu Jiangchun wine. Cao Cao dedicated his hometown Jiu Jiangchun wine to Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, and the wine making method of Jiu Jiangchun wine. Kirin wine warming device is an orphan cultural relic of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Luzhou, which pushed the history of Luzhou wine and drinking to more than two thousand years ago.
By the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, everyone knows that there is”The Qi Min Yao Shu”, which is about the technology of wine making in the Yellow River Basin. There are 9 kinds of koji and more than 40 kinds of wine making methods. I also mentioned that winemaking in spring and autumn is better. This is consistent with the fact that winemaking in the lower reaches of the Yellow River is not possible in summer. Winemaking in spring and autumn is exactly the same.
In the Yuan Dynasty, everyone knows that Guo Huaiyu, the father of composing, invented Daqu, and solid-state winemaking with Daqu liquor began at least in the Yuan Dynasty. Before this, many of them were liquefied.
Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen’s”Compendium of Materia Medica” also recorded many wine-making methods. Including 59 kinds of medicinal wine methods. In Li Shizhen’s Compendium of Materia Medica, it is said that the rice wine becomes shochu after being steamed, and it also reflects that the earliest white wine may be steamed from rice wine.
By the time of the Qing Dynasty, winemaking technology was quite mature, and there were many wine-making literature records. I won’t repeat them one by one.
The distiller is an important invention in the history of winemaking
Finally, let’s talk about the distiller. Liquor is a distilled spirit, the first of the four major distilled spirits. Without a distiller, there is no distillation of wine. The earliest distiller was discovered in the tomb of Nanchang Haihunhou in 2015. Haiyunhou was an emperor, a king, and a prince. It makes sense to find a still in his tomb. The distiller from the Eastern Han Dynasty is preserved in the Shanghai Museum. This distiller is very similar in structure to the distiller of the tomb of Haihunhou. In the Jin Dynasty, a bronze distiller from the Jin Dynasty was discovered in Chengde, Hebei.
Finally, to make a summary, rice wine and white wine is China’s national wine. Chinese rice wine has a history of more than 9,000 years, Chinese rice wine has a history of more than 7,000 years, and Chinese liquor has a history of more than 2,000 years. Chinese wine is unique in the world, but there is still a long way for Chinese wine to go to the world. Therefore, letting the world taste Chinese liquor and making liquor go to the world is the mission and wish of every one of us in the Chinese wine industry.


Northern Machine Works was established by William Kopp, Sr. and E. H. Berry as a partnership in 1902. After some years of operation as a general machine shop the company began to manufacture one and two color tag printing presses for distribution on a world wide basis. These machines were used throughout the world by many leading tag manufacturers and some of the original presses are still in use.
During the depression years of the thirties many printers needed equipment and they turned to suppliers like Northern for quality used equipment. Northern was well equipped to serve this need because of their extensive background in manufacturing and service to the trade.
The onset of the Second World War brought Northern into the war effort by serving the U. S. Government in making submarine parts for the United States Navy. The experience gained in manufacturing for the war effort prepared the company to satisfy the huge demand for equipment created by the war and drew Northern into the graphic arts industry on a worldwide basis. Shipments to the Far East, South America and Europe enabled Northern to grow and in 1953 they moved to a 40,000 square foot facility in the center of Philadelphia. The manufacture of tag equipment was discontinued and northern became a major distributor of the leading lines of new and used equipment.
With a long history of dedication to the industry, Northern continues to progress with the fourth and fifth generation of the founding family representing the company.
William Kopp, Sr
William Kopp Jr.
William Kopp III


Visit the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology
After living in Ann Arbor for most of my life, I wondered why I had not spent more time in the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology at the University of Michigan after a recent visit. If you stay in town for Spring Break 2017, seeing this new exhibit: The Art and Science of Healing – From Antiquity to the Renaissance is definitely worth the time.
The exhibit focuses on socio-cultural issues related to maintaining good health in Roman times, and features many images and collections for preventing illness and disease. When in need of a cure, Romans resorted to doctors and to the gods.
Family Day is Saturday, April 8 and the exhibit will be on campus until April 30, 2017.
In addition to this special exhibit, The Kelsey Museum highlights artifacts and university-sponsored archaeological excavations in the Mediterranean and Near Eastern regions, primarily from Egypt and Iraq in the 1920s and 1930s. Today, the Museum still sponsors field projects in countries around the Mediterranean (although the artifacts recovered in those excavations now all remain in their countries of origin), and it plays a vital role in undergraduate and graduate teaching and research.*
*from the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology website, www.lsa.umich.edu/kelsey


Norman troopers crumpled to the ground clutching the missiles that impaled them, and rear ranks had to stumble over the inert or writhing our bodies of fallen comrades. The infantry attack was failing, so William sent in his mounted knights for support. The mailed Norman knights spurred their horses ahead, some holding their lances overarm and others in a couched style. Onward they galloped, the thunderous tattoo of flailing hooves mixing with the conflict of arms and the screams of the wounded.
After touchdown, William’s forces built a picket castle at Hastings, from which they raided the encircling area. The most well-known claim https://burlingamehistorical.org/2013/10/02/2457/ is that Pope Alexander II gave a papal banner as a token of support, which only appears in William of Poitiers’s account, and never in additional contemporary narratives. In April 1066 Halley’s Comet appeared within the sky, and was broadly reported throughout Europe. Contemporary accounts connected the comet’s appearance with the succession crisis in England. There continued to be rebellions and resistance to William’s rule, but Hastings effectively marked the fruits of William’s conquest of England.
Built within the micd 16th century by Edward Knoyle from local Ham Hill stone . It has been owned by the Medlycott family for the last 250 years. The name Orcas dates back to descendents of the Norman Orescuilz family who owned the local village of Sandford Orcas following the Battle of Hastings in 1066.
Medieval knights wore chainmail armor, precisely depicted on the tapestry, and ironânasalâ helmets. These conically shaped helmets, thicker within the front than the again, were produced from a single piece of iron with a nostril overlaying. When positioned on the pinnacle, because the tapestry reveals, there’s virtually no area between the helmet and the knightâs eyes.
Battle proves what is so typically stated, that so as to understand history you have to walk the bottom on which it unfolded. The English, believing the battle won, then made a fatal mistake. They charged down the hill, anticipating to complete the Normans off, but in doing so that they threw away their crucial, geographical advantage. Harold, cautious of the threat, saved his hardened Anglo-Saxon military on alert for invasion all through the summer season.
The account then shortly strikes to the Norman invasion of England, with Gaimar reporting that eleven,000 French ships had crossed the English Channel and landed at Hastings. Once King Harold learns of their arrival he leaves northern England to deal with the new invaders. King Harold II after Hastings would have been wealthy, but he would nonetheless have confronted harmful enemies and rivals â not least the younger Edgar. Edgarâs household claim to the throne â he was the grandson of the earlier king, Edmund II Ironside, and so a direct descendant of Alfred the Great â was far stronger than Haroldâs. The dramatic turning point of Hastings was not the outcome of human design or foresight. Those men who fought and died, both Normans and Saxons, could solely dream that the results of the battle would last 950 years.
Once the Norman arrow supply was exhausted, with little apparent effect on the Saxon defenders atop the hill, William ordered a cavalry cost. The combination of the heavy horse carrying armored knights and a sharp gallop uphill meant that the Saxon defenders, stationary although they were, may negate the traditional advantage of charging cavalry. The Saxon Wall held again, not the least because the defenders were wielding heavy axes that might minimize down each horse and rider.
But some did happen, and with this got here casualties, and as a result of the battle went on these casualties mounted. Well into the battle, it appeared that William himself had fallen â at least, rumor of this unfold throughout the Norman cavalry. In a time earlier than heraldry, such a mistake might easily occur.
Historians disagree about Edwardâs pretty lengthy 24-year reign. His nickname displays the traditional image of him as unworldly and pious. Confessor displays his popularity as a saint who did not endure martyrdom as opposed to his uncle, King Edward the Martyr. Unlike most wives of the Saxon Kings of the English within the tenth and eleventh centuries, Edith was crowned queen.


The artists featured here were pioneer recordings artists whos names were well known in the era they lived. They helped start what is now known today as the record industry. They were popular artist in their time and there records sold well in an era when movies were silent and radio and television did not yet exists.
Of all things Christmas nothing is more traditional than the singing of carols and songs. Songs that capture in lyrics and in music the many traditions that we have at Christmas - the birth of the Christ child, the Christmas tree, the opening of gifts and even sleigh rides. Any well dressed sleigh ride featured those cheery sounding bells attached to the horse's harness. In fact one of the most beloved Christmas songs ever, "Jingle Bells" celebrates this sound and the spirit of a country sleigh ride.
On October 30, 1889 banjoist Will Lyle made history by recording "Jingle Bells", the very first Christmas record. Although no known copies of this record survive one of the earliest vocal examples of "Jingle Bells" does survive on an Edison brown wax cylinder entitled, "Sleigh Ride Party". It was made a decade later and is reissued here for the very first time in this collection. These songs and monologues from the original vintage recordings capture the essence of the Christmas spirit as it was in the opening two decades of the 20th Century.
So Gather up the family, wind up the phonograph and take a trip back in time to the early 1900's and celebrate the holidays with the "Voices of Christmas Past".


The sun was setting on Kayenta, AZ when I decided to join our professor, Mary Ann McGarry, to view a unique cultural and historical exhibit, displayed in the most unusual of places- the Burger King across the street from our hotel. Amidst the typical fast-food restaurant décor, in the middle of the dining room was a large glass case containing various artifacts and information on the “Code Talkers” of World War II. The term “Code Talkers” refers to the Native American soldiers who served in the United States Marine Corps whose primary job was the transmission of tactical information using a specially devised code. These men broadcasted military information via radio communications using the unique coded language derived from their native Navajo language.
The display within the large glass cases consisted of diverse pieces of historical memorabilia pertaining to these soldiers, from hand written letters to military uniforms. I was vaguely familiar with the role these soldiers played in the war from viewing the major motion picture, “Windtalkers”. Upon viewing this exhibit, I discovered how crucial these soldiers were in the United States’ success during World War II. Working around the clock during the first two days on Iwo Jima, six networks of the Navajo Codetalkers transmitted more than 800 messages without an error (5). I realized these men made a special contribution and deserve much honor, especially because recognition for their service was delayed for so long. Even after the war was long over, these men had to keep their role secret.
Code Talker Seal
During a time when the Japanese were able to break almost every American code, Philip, Johnston, the son of a missionary, presented the idea of using the Navajo language for military communication. Johnston was one of the few non-natives who knew the Navajo language as he had grown up on the reservation. After gaining approval, 29 Navajos were inducted in the United States Marine Corps to begin their training as “Codetalkers”(1). Ironically these individuals chose to fight for the well being of a government that had treated Native Americans on the reservations as “wards”, more than full fledged citizens. Now young Navajo men flocked to the opportunity to serve their country in a distinct way.
Several items in the exhibit explained the code itself, which was a deviation from the native Navajo language. Fearing the language itself could be deciphered, as complex as it was, a new code was formulated which essentially had to follow four major guidelines during its development: 1) The codes words had to have some kind of logical connection to the term to which they referred. 2) Code words had to be unusually descriptive. 3) Code words had to be short. 4) Words that could be confused with other words had to be avoided (1). A detailed, full length dictionary of this “unbreakable code” can be found at: http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq61-4.htm (2). To test the quality of the newly developed code, it was presented to native Navajo speakers who were not “Codetalkers” to see if they could decipher any meaning. They were unable to do so, which marked the code a success.
Navajo Codetalker Silver Medal
I was glad to see this exhibit recognize these special American soldiers and their great contributions to the success of the United States during World War II. The recognition was a long time coming; the code talkers weren’t formally recognized until 1992 in a public ceremony in Washington, D.C. The language wasn’t declassified until 1968 according to information provided in the display (3). The secret code remained classified after World War II, as it was considered still potentially valuable.
I was surprised at the location of the exhibit- a fast food joint. But, I also recognized this meant many more people had access to the information, individuals who might not otherwise seek out a war memorial in a museum. Burger King was open seven days a week, for long hours and was already staffed. And we, people who weren’t seeking fast food, were enticed to enter a Burger King, not because of the food or restrooms, but precisely to check out the exhibit. Not surprisingly, the owner of the Burger King is Navajo and created the “museum” from items collected from his father who served as a Navajo code talker (4). There is also a Navajo “Codetalker” exhibit in the Pentagon, but how nice to have one on the Navajo Reservation. In addition to the Burger King exhibit on the Reservation, there is also a new Veterans Memorial Park near the Navajo Nation Administration Center, in Window Rock, Arizona. Both in Kayenta and Window Rock, young Navajos have the opportunity to learn about and honor the service of their forefathers who served in the U.S. military, as do others who travel to the Southwest to learn more about the culture and history of the place. Citations
Navajo Codetalker Monument in Window Rock, AZ


St. Brendan’sThe Irish monk St. Brendan the Voyager (484-578), born in County Kerry, is reported to have reached the shores of this continent over nine hundred years before Columbus discovered America. Since then, both sailors and scuba divers have claimed St. Brendan as their patron saint – so fitting for this beautiful church that has watched over the activities on the St. Lawrence River for more than a century. The old Rockport families who built the church in 1891 came by skiff, rowboat, and horse and buggy. They were mainlanders like the O’Connors, Donovans, and Reids as well as islanders like the Senecals who came from Grenadier, and the Hunts from Club Island. Some simply walked across on the ice in winter. Prominent on the cliff in front of the church is the statue of Our Lady of Peace donated by Charles Cornwall’s widow Louise in 1919. After she died in 1939, an electric wire was strung from the Cornwall General Store to illuminate the statue at night as a beacon for mariners. That light still shines on.
St Patrick'sSurveyed in 1788, the Township of Leeds & Lansdowne did not receive any number of Irish Settlers until the 1790’s. In 1846, the Catholic Parish of Gananoque included Gananoque, Brewer’s Mills, Howe Island and Jones Falls. From the brief records it shows that Lansdowne and Jones Falls later combined to make the mission of Lansdowne.
In the time of Father James R. Rossiter, who was the priest in Gananoque in 1851, it is said that mass was celebrated in different homes until the year 1875.
Our first church was built on a site just north of today’s present church. It was located just four miles from Lansdowne Village. This was considered the most central point of the Catholic population. Some of the first family names were: McDonald, Donevan, Lappan, O’Grady, Fodey, Sullivan, Gavin, Rape, Bolger, Ivey, O’Conner, Deir and Lynch.
After a while it became necessary to build again. The present church was built on a two acre lot that was donated by John Lappan. The parish men worked long and hard hours to complete the church. Records state that on June 23, 1901, the cornerstone of St. Patrick’s Church was laid by Archbishop Gauthier. Later, the cemetery was laid out.
In the beginning, Masses could only be held every second Sunday, because Lansdowne and Howe Island were missions. This meant many miles of travelling over poor road conditions for the priest of Gananoque.
In September 1932, Archbishop M.J. O’Brien established Lansdowne as a parish with Rockport as their Mission. Father I.F. O’Donoghue was the first resident-pastor.
One of Father O’Donoghue’s first task as priest was to build a rectory. The sand for the mortar mix for the rectory came from Frank O’Grady’s farm. With lots of help from many parishioners, the residence was erected and still stands today.In September 1933, the first Catholic Woman’s League was organized in Lansdowne with Mrs. Brennan as organizer.
Our second Parish Pastor, Rev. J.J. Collins, bought a cement block building that was formerly known as the Lansdowne Cheese Factory. Rev. Collins had it remodelled into a parish hall. It was opened in November of 1955. That building has served many purposes over the years and still stands. It is currently used as offices for BMD Transportation, owned by Bert and Madolyn McMahon of our Parish.
In the early 1980’s, a Marian grotto was built by Gerald O’Grady and the Langton family with field stones from Gerald’s farm. This became the site for outdoor masses.
Father Don Cummings along with volunteers and contractors completed a major reconstruction of the basement of St. Patrick’s Church starting in 1989 and finished in 1995 with the completion of the meeting room and hall under the church, which is still in use today.
In recent years, it became evident that our cemetery needed to be expanded. Local farmer and parish member Bert Vandenkerkhof donated the property to expand the cemetery a short time before he passed away.
Pastors of St. Patrick’s Church
- 1. Fr. O’Donoghue
- 2. Fr. Collins
- 3. Fr. Dwyer
- 4. Fr. Healy
- 5. Fr. Jan de Boevere
- 6. Fr. Kurusumuthu
- 7. Fr. D. Cummings
- 8. Fr. R. McNeil
- 9. Fr. J. McCauley
- 10. Fr. C. Brady
- 11. Fr. J. Chelamootil
- 12. Fr. J. Pulikunnel (present)


Thursday, May 14, 2009
Zahi Hawass, Egypt’s pre-eminent archaeologist, and Secretary General of the The Supreme Council of Antiquities, has announced that a rare statue constructed of white marble whose features resemble Alexander the Great has been discovered in Egypt. Hawass also stated that there are satellite photographs identifying many archeological sites which may also reveal buried monuments.
“A ribbon around the head of the statue proves that it belongs to an important person for such ribbon was used only be[sic] rulers,” said Hawass, “The 80 cm long, 23 cm wide statue has been discovered eight meters deep under the earth surface.”
Farouk Hosni, Egypt’s Culture Minister, is supporting archaeological dig sites and has set into place laws restricting illegal digging in confirmed archaeological sites which may contain historical monuments. The monument photography project, National Authority for Remote Sensing, Space Sciences (NARRS) and Mubarak City for Scientific Research (MuCSAT) combined Satellites technology, aerial photography and ground laser to locate 132 sites which have not yet been excavated.
One of these sites is north of Lake Qarun in the Faiyum area, and another at Habu city. Archaeologists are presently being sent out by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism to areas before construction and building excavations to preserve invaluable archaeological treasures. At the Faiyum site near Cairo artifacts dating to diverse time periods have been found amongst these, an awl for stitching leather, fishing tackle, weapons, jewellery, pottery, coins, sawfish, whale fossils, and a 3150 BC block portraying one of the two leaders named King Scorpion.
Meanwhile, in other archaeological news, Iran’s three salt mummies found in the Chehrabad Salt Mine in 1993 will be moved to a technologically advanced vacuum chamber display case in Zanjan for better preservation. These mummies or Salt Men have been dated as being from the Parthian 237 BCE – 224 CE and Sassanid era, 224 – 651 CE.


In 1992, ACDCA (Austrian Center for Didactics of Computer Algebra) began a conference series focusing on the use of symbolic calculation software in mathematics education. The first international conference dedicated to the use of the symbolic calculation software Derive took place in 1994. After that time, ACDCA and Derive conferences (to which the TI-92 symbolic calculator was added in 1996) were held in alternating years. In 2002, the two conferences were merged into one for the first time, in Vienna, Austria. In 2012, Derive conferences were renamed as "Conferences for CAS in Education & Research".


Homer R. Warner, MD, PhD, was a cardiologist who pioneered many aspects of using computers to augment the practice of medicine, including clinical decision support tools.
INTERVIEWED BY DEAN SITTIG MAY 16, 2005 in SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH
Homer R. Warner was born in 1920 at the Latter Day Saints (LDS) Hospital in Salt Lake City and went on to create that hospital’s first cardiovascular diagnostic laboratory in 1954. He created the University of Utah’s Department of Biophysics and Bioengineering in 1964, and in 1972, the Medical Biophysics and Computing Department split off
from Biophysics and Bioengineering. In 1985, it became the Medical Informatics Department, and, thus, the first such department in the United States. Dr. Warner founded and became the first Chair of that department, now known as the Department of Biomedical Informatics in the School of Medicine, in 1972. Dr. Warner and his colleagues developed the HELP (Health Evaluation through Logical Processing) system, which is still in use today at Intermountain Healthcare.


I’ve heard Debi talk about visiting Elmina for years now. I’ve see pictures of the inside of the castle. I’ve heard some of its history. But, nothing compares to actually being there.
According to our guide, after Elmina was built in the early 1400s, Portuguese missionaries started taking the most intelligent and strong leaders from the villages around Elmina. There were only meant to learn Christianity, Portuguese language and culture, and then be sent back to their villages to educate others. But, they were never returned to Africa. Thus, they became the first slaves.
We moved on to the Female Dungeon, and I could still smell their blood. The dungeon opens into a courtyard where the women were lined up, naked, to be inspected by the governor upon their arrival. He would look down from his balcony and select a mistress from them, and I could barely stand to be there. I can’t imagine the terror and suffering these women had to endure.
Next we traveled through the Male Dungeon to “The Door of No Return” where the prisoners would be loaded onto to ships to take them to England, the Caribbean and America. The doorway out was rather small, and it was the last thing they saw as they were forcibly taken from anything they’d ever known … forever. It is heartache to think of never seeing my family or my homeland again.
Moving across the courtyard and up the stairs to the top of the castle affords a grand view of the village below as the tour ends. Some things have obviously changed in Elmina since the castle was built, and some things have probably stayed the same.
Life has gone on in it and around it since 1816 when it ceased to be a slave castle, but I think it is serving it’s greatest purpose now as a stony remembrance, Elmina can testify to humanity’s evil and humanity’s ability to change that evil into education and empathy for generations past, present and future. It truly is a place to ponder the weakness we have and how we can strive to prevent such persecution from happening ever again.
3 responses to “A CHILLING EXPERIENCE AT THE SLAVE CASTLE BY LISA BORNT”
What beautiful pictures and stories! Can’t wait to see you again, Nicole and Beth, and hear everything! Miss you and am so proud of the work you are doing!
Your good description brought back my own powerful memories. Thanks for blogging about this!
Excellent description of a place etched in my mind since 2004! tHANK YOU!


The fifth expedition of the project takes place from 20 April to 8 June in Tibet on the north side of Everest and on the Nepalese side of Kangchenjunga, respectively the first and third highest mountain on Earth. In Tibet will follow the tracks of the mountaineers and photographers George Mallory and Edward Oliver Wheeler who participated in the first British exploration expeditions of Mount Everest, in Nepal retrace the route of the expedition of English explorer Douglas William Freshfield of 1899 in which participated the well-known photographer Vittorio Sella.
The expedition moves on at a rapid pace. Over the past couple of days we [...]
May022018After making some last-minute purchases in Kathmandu’s legendary Pilgrim Bookstore, where we came across a [...]
Apr222018We finally left Rome Airport on a flight bound for New Delhi on April 20th. [...]


Offers in Glashütte
Industrial Heritage Baruther Glashütte
Glass - History - Craftsmanship - Art - Sports - Recreation
The Baruth glassworks were founded in 1716. Until 1980, glassblowers produced lampshades and bottles. Today, the ensemble of factory buildings and workers’ dwellings is a monument that conveys the spirit of the 19th century.
In the museum the visitors can experience the manufacturing of glass. The glassblower offers the opportunity to try it oneself, e.g. to blow a glass globe. The furnace is to become a forum for artists, too.
The expositions cover the history of the location and aspects of industrial culture and glass design. Special expositions make a repeat visit worthwhile. The former cutting shop focuses on the history of the thermos bottle. The inventor of the vacuum flask, Reinhold Burger, was born in Glashütte and contributed to technological progress in many ways.
The art gallery shows expositions of contemporary art of the Berlin- Brandenburg region. Craftsmen and craftswomen have established little shops all over the former industrial settlement.
Pedagogical programs include guided tours of the museum and nature area. Pottery, textile, and herb workshops offer creative manual activity.
Festivities, expositions, and lectures are held throughout the year in the museum park. The Christmas market on the first Advent weekend and the children’s festival in August are only a few of the highlights.
The historical factory inn has become the gastronomical center of the site once again. Today, the historical school is a family hotel with a naturally cleansed swimming pool.
The Glashütte monument is an ideal base for excursions in the vicinity, either by foot or with inline skates. A new skating course from Klasdorf train station to the museum village enables inline skaters to spend the day in sport activity.
1 Grinding workshop, 1894, Thermos Museum
2 Glassworks, 1861, Glass Museum
3 Gas generator, 1861/1954
4 Parking lot for busses
5 Visitors WC
6 Smithy, etching workshop
7 Packaging house/mould shop
8 Firefighters depot
9 Art shop
10 Packaging house 1904/gallery, shop
11 Packaging house 1875/archives, shop
12 Coal depot, glass shop/bike and skate lending
13 Glassworks, 1844
14 Bowling alley
15 Inn, beer garden
16 Guest rooms
17 Baking oven
18 Gamekeeper’s house, 18th c.
19 Director’s house
20 Ducal stables
21 Former glassworks, 18th c.
22 School, 1853, family hotel, pool
23 Workers’ dwellings, 19th c.
24 Former glassworks, 18th c.
25 Forester’s lodge, herb shop
26 Forest barn, pottery workshop, café
27 Baking oven
28 Workers’ dwellings, renovated
30 Grocery shop, 20th c.
31 Workers’ dwellings
32 Bachelor dwelling
33 Former smithy
34 Railway car, tracks
35 Workers’ dwellings, fashion shops, antique shop
36 “Red castle” workers’ dwellings
Tues- Sun, April - Oct. 10 a.m.- 6 p.m. / Nov.- March 10 a.m.- 4 p.m.
Guided tours: Tel. 033704/980914
Getting there by car
A13 Berlin- Dresden, exit 5b "Baruth"
B96/115 Baruth- Golßen, exit Klasdorf
Getting there by train
DB RE5 Berlin- Elsterwerda, Klasdorf or Baruth station
Horse carriage: Tel. 033704/61454
Bus transfer: Tel. 0170/2101295
Parking lots at the entrances of the villiage
Disabled people find parking space within the Glashütte monument
Museum Baruther Glashütte/Verein Glashütte e.V.
Hüttenweg 20, 15837 Baruth- Glashütte
Tel. 033704/980914, Fax 033704/980922
e- mail: info(at)museumsdorf- glashuette.de/www.museumsdorf- glashuette.de
Factory inn Gasthof Reuner: Tel. 033704/67065/- 66
Museum Hostel with swimming pool: Tel. 033704/67473
Skate an bike station: Tel. 033704/980936
Glass manufactory: Tel. 033704/980914
Gallery Packschuppen: Tel. 033704/66060
Glass shop: Tel. 033704/980936
Glass blower: Tel. 033704/66011
Pottery and café: Tel. 033704/61889
Wool shop and manufactory: Tel. 033704/67933
Herb shop: Tel. 033704/65396
Antiquity store: Tel. 033704/67909
Paper manufactory: Tel. 033704/67912
Fashion taylor: Tel. 033704/67747
Additional offerings: playing grounds, nature inventory path and meeting room.