The dentist or hygienist may also: 1  Take an x-ray to see whether there is any bone loss. 2  Refer you to a periodontist. 3  Periodontists are experts in the diagnosis and treatment of gum disease and may provide you with treatment options that are not offered by your dentist. Medications. 2  There are hundreds of prescription and over the counter medications that can reduce the flow of saliva, which has a protective effect on the mouth. 3  Without enough saliva, the mouth is vulnerable to infections such as gum disease.