Cartilage regeneration is an attempt to restore damaged joint cartilage. This can be done using several techniques. This new technique has been successfully performed in Europe for years, and is beginning to be used more in the United States.rticular Cartilage. Cartilage is a 3-5 mm thick tissue that covers bone ends and surfaces inside of joints. This structure gives low friction articulation, but is easily damaged in accidents, such as kneecap dislocations or ACL tears. The matrix of the cartilage is made of proteoglycans, collagens, and proteins.