tRNA. tRNA, or transfer RNA, is the decoder of the mRNA message during protein translation. After transcription, tRNA is extensively modified to include nonstandard bases such as pseudouridine, inosine, and methylguanosine.NA, or ribonucleic acid, is a linear polymer of adenine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil that is created in the cell by a process called transcription, and it differs from DNA in several ways. First, the ribose sugars on DNA nucleotides are short one hydroxyl group compared to RNA, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid.