The use of the term Middle East as a region of international affairs apparently began in British and American diplomatic circles quite independently of each other over concern for the security of the same country: Iran, then known to the west as Persia. In 1900 Thomas Edward Gordon published an article, The Problem of the Middle East, which began:
థామస్ ఎడ్వర్డ్ గోర్డాన్ ఏ వ్యాసాన్ని ప్రచురించాడు?
The Problem of the Middle East