sentence: october -- december september 8 : treaty of san francisco officially ends war with japan december 1951 ad for nash ambassador october 3 '' shot heard ` round the world '' : one of the greatest moments in major league baseball history occurs when the new york giants ' bobby thomson hits a game winning home run in the bottom of the 9th inning off of brooklyn dodgers pitcher ralph branca , to win the national league pennant after being down 14 games .