唐君毅祖籍戚廣東五華，佢六世祖以歲荒移川。爸爸係唐迪風，本名烺，又叫倜風，字鐵風。母親陳大任，字卓仙。佢爸爸曾經跟歐陽竟無學習，所以唐君毅喺佢嘅著作入面叫佢做太老師。唐君毅由半開始，同埋佢爸爸住喺成都。十二歲半入重慶聯閤中學求學，受蒙文通啟迪，對宋明理學產生興趣，其後師從支那內學院之歐陽竟無，研習釋家思想。1925年先後入北平中俄大學、北京大學，1926年轉往國立中央大學哲學系。1932年畢業後返回四川任教中學，1937年受聘於華西大學。1940年任教重慶中央大學，自此獻身教育及學術界。
Tang Junyi's ancestral home is Wuhua, Guangdong, and his sixth ancestor moved to Sichuan in the wilderness. Dad is Tang Difeng, whose real name is Hui, also known as Kuifeng, and the word Tiefeng. Mother Chen Daren, the word Zhuoxian. His father had never studied with Ouyang, so Tang Junyi called him a teacher in his writings. Tang Junyi started from halfway and his father lived in Chengdu. At the age of twelve and a half, he entered Chongqing Lianmo Middle School, was inspired by Meng Wentong, became interested in Song Ming science, and later studied under Ouyang Jingwu of Shina Inner College, studying Shijia thought. In 1925, he entered the Sino-Russian University in Beiping and Peking University, and in 1926, he was transferred to the Department of Philosophy of the National Central University. After graduating in 1932, he returned to Sichuan to teach in middle school, and in 1937 he was hired by West China University. In 1940, he taught at the Central University in Chongqing, and since then has devoted himself to education and academia.