  We demonstrate the control of resonance characteristics of a drum type graphene mechanical resonator in nonlinear oscillation regime by the photothermal effect, which is induced by a standing wave of light between a graphene and a substrate. Unlike the conventional Duffing type nonlinearity, the resonance characteristics in nonlinear oscillation regime is modulated by the standing wave of light despite a small variation amplitude. From numerical calculations with a combination of equations of heat and motion with Duffing type nonlinearity, this can be explained that the photothermal effect causes delayed modulation of stress or tension of the graphene. 
Resonance control of graphene drum resonator in nonlinear regime by   standing wave of light