text,summary " This review paper presents the results, which cover the study of current problems of approximation theory in abstract linear spaces. Such research has been actively developed since the 2000s, based on the ideas and approaches initiated in the articles by Stepanets. In particular, the review contains results concerning the best, best $n$-term approximations and widths of some functional compacts in the spaces ${\mathcal S}^p$. Direct and inverse approximation theorems are also formulated in these spaces. ",Problems of approximation theory in abstract linear spaces " In this talk I will describe the deep influence Planck had on the development of statistical mechanics. At this end I will first outline the theoretical situation of statistical mechanics before Planck. I will then describe his main contributions to this field and the progresses obtained as an immediate consequence of his work. I will also outline the later evolution of statistical mechanics in relation with Planck's work. I will finally report on a still unsolved problem in statistical mechanics, historically related to the properties of black-body radiation. ",Planck's Legacy to Statistical Mechanics " The paper deals with the solution of Shevrin ans Sapir problem. Infinite finitely presented nilsemigroup is constructed. The construction is based on aperiodic tilings, Goodman-Strauss type theorems on uniformly elliptic space. Space is called {\it uniformly elliptic} iff there is universal constant $\lambda>0$ such that any two points $A$ and $B$ on distant $D$ can be joined by family of geodesic lines generating a disc of wideness $\lambda\cdot D$. Research was supported by the grant RFBR N 14-01-00548 ",Construction of infinite finitely presented nilsemigroup " Ecodriving guidance includes courses or suggestions for human drivers to improve driving behaviour, reducing energy use and emissions. This paper presents a systematic review of existing eco-driving guidance studies and identifies challenges to tackle in the future. A standard agreement on the guidance design has not been reached, leading to difficulties in designing and implementing eco-driving guidance for human drivers. Both static and dynamic guidance systems have a great variety of guidance results. In addition, the influencing factors, such as the suggestion content, the displaying methods, and drivers socio-demographic characteristics, have opposite effects on the guidance result across studies, while the reason has not been revealed. Drivers motivation to practice eco behaviour, especially long-term, is overlooked. Besides, the relationship between users acceptance and system effectiveness is still unclear. Adaptive driving suggestions based on drivers habits can improve the effectiveness, while this field is under investigation. ",Effective and Acceptable Eco-Driving Guidance for Human-Driving Vehicles: A Review " The 't Hooft and Corrigan-Ramond limits of massless one-flavor QCD consider the two Weyl fermions to be respectively in the fundamental representation or the two index antisymmetric representation of the gauge group. We introduce a limit in which one of the two Weyl fermions is in the fundamental representation and the other in the two index antisymmetric representation of a generic SU(N) gauge group. This theory is chiral and to avoid gauge anomalies a more complicated chiral theory is needed. This is the generalized Georgi-Glashow model with one vector like fermion. We show that there is an interesting phase in which the considered chiral gauge theory, for any N, Higgses via a bilinear condensate: The gauge interactions break spontaneously to ordinary massless one-flavor SU(3) QCD. The additional elementary fermionic matter is uncharged under this SU(3) gauge theory. It is also seen that when the number of colors reduce to three it is exactly this hidden QCD which is revealed. ",Hidden QCD in Chiral Gauge Theories " We study an analogue of the classical Bianchi-Darboux transformation for L-isothermic surfaces in Laguerre geometry, the Bianchi-Darboux transformation. We show how to construct the Bianchi-Darboux transforms of an L-isothermic surface by solving an integrable linear differential system. We then establish a permutability theorem for iterated Bianchi-Darboux transforms. ",The Bianchi-Darboux transform of L-isothermic surfaces " Spectral clustering is a popular algorithm that clusters points using the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of Laplacian matrices derived from the data. For years, spectral clustering has been working mysteriously. This paper explains spectral clustering by dividing it into two categories based on whether the graph Laplacian is fully connected or not. For a fully connected graph, this paper demonstrates the dimension reduction part by offering an objective function: the covariance between the original data points' similarities and the mapped data points' similarities. For a multi-connected graph, this paper proves that with a proper $k$, the first $k$ eigenvectors are the indicators of the connected components. This paper also proves there is an equivalence between spectral embedding and PCA. ",The Mathematics Behind Spectral Clustering And The Equivalence To PCA " We study the azimuthal structure of the stellar disks of 18 face-on spiral galaxies, using K-band photometry to trace the stellar surface mass density. Assuming the disks are co-planar, we characterize their deviation from axisymmetry by the fractional amplitudes, A_i and phases of the azimuthal Fourier components at radii R about the photometric galaxy center. We find that most disks exhibit a wealth of non-axisymmetric structures, specifically: (1) that about one third of them are substantially lopsided (A_1/A_0>= 0.20) at 2.5 disk exponential scale length, (2) that almost one half of them have strong two-armed spirals with an arm/interarm surface-brightness contrasts of order unity, and (3) that typical disks have some intrinsic ellipticity. We estimate that in the disk plane the characteristic ellipticity of the underlying potential is 0.045+-0.03. However, the spiral pattern couples significantly to the estimate of the intrinsic ellipticity, and our measurement may represent an upper limit on the ``true"" potential triaxiality. We estimate the radial streaming motions of the disk stars, $v_R$, which are produced by these distortions. By averaging over our sample of galaxies and all azimuthal angles, we find v_R=7km/s due to lopsided distortions and 6km/s due to intrinsic ellipticity. These non-circular motions are expected to contribute about 0.15mags scatter to measurements of the Tully-Fisher relation. ",NON-AXISYMMETRIC STRUCTURES IN THE STELLAR DISKS OF GALAXIES " Exclusive measurements of the quasi-free $np \to np\pi^0\pi^0$ reaction have been performed by means of $dp$ collisions at $T_d$ = 2.27 GeV using the WASA detector setup at COSY. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region $\sqrt s$ = (2.35 - 2.46) GeV, which includes the region of the ABC effect and its associated $d^*(2380)$ resonance. Adding the $d^*$ resonance amplitude to that for the conventional processes leads to a reasonable description of the data. The observed resonance effect in the total cross section is in agreement with the predictions of F\""aldt and Wilkin as well Albadajedo and Oset. The ABC effect, {\it i.e.} the low-mass enhancement in the $\pi^0\pi^0$-invariant mass spectrum, is found to be very modest - if present at all, which might pose a problem to some of its interpretations. ",Measurement of the $np \to np\pi^0\pi^0$ Reaction in Search for the Recently Observed $d^*(2380)$ Resonance " The performance of all subsystems of the CMS muon detector has been studied by using a sample of proton--proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV collected at the LHC in 2010 that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 40 inverse picobarns. The measured distributions of the major operational parameters of the drift tube (DT), cathode strip chamber (CSC), and resistive plate chamber (RPC) systems met the design specifications. The spatial resolution per chamber was 80-120 micrometers in the DTs, 40-150 micrometers in the CSCs, and 0.8-1.2 centimeters in the RPCs. The time resolution achievable was 3 ns or better per chamber for all 3 systems. The efficiency for reconstructing hits and track segments originating from muons traversing the muon chambers was in the range 95-98%. The CSC and DT systems provided muon track segments for the CMS trigger with over 96% efficiency, and identified the correct triggering bunch crossing in over 99.5% of such events. The measured performance is well reproduced by Monte Carlo simulation of the muon system down to the level of individual channel response. The results confirm the high efficiency of the muon system, the robustness of the design against hardware failures, and its effectiveness in the discrimination of backgrounds. ",The performance of the CMS muon detector in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC " We present an empirical method that uses multicolor light curve shapes (MLCS) to estimate the luminosity, distance, and total line-of-sight extinction of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia). The empirical correlation between the MLCS and the luminosity is derived from a ``training set'' of nine SN Ia light curves with independent distance and reddening estimates. We find that intrinsically dim SN Ia are redder and have faster light curves than the bright ones which are slow and blue. By thirty-five days after maximum the intrinsic color variations become negligable. A formal treatment of extinction employing Bayes' theorem is used to estimate the best value and its uncertainty. Applying MLCS to both light curves and to color curves provides enough information to determine which supernovae are dim because they are distant, which are intrinsically dim, and which are dim because of extinction by dust. The precision of the MLCS distances is examined by constructing a Hubble diagram with an independent set of twenty SN Ia's. The dispersion of 0.12 mag indicates a typical distance accuracy of 5 % for a single object, and the intercept yields a Hubble constant on the Cepheid distance scale (Sandage et al 1994, 1996) of H_0=65 \pm 3 (statistical) km/s/Mpc ( \pm 6 total error). The slope of 0.2010 pm 0.0035 mag over the distance interval 32.2 < mu < 38.3 yields the most precise confirmation of the linearity of the Hubble law. ",A Precise Distance Indicator: Type Ia Supernova Multicolor Light Curve Shapes " [Abridged] Our aim is to explore the gas dynamics and the accretion process in the early phase of high-mass star formation. The inward motion of molecular gas in the massive star forming region G34.26+0.15 is investigated by using high-resolution profiles of seven transitions of ammonia at THz frequencies observed with Herschel-HIFI. The shapes and intensities of these lines are interpreted in terms of radiative transfer models of a spherical, collapsing molecular envelope. An accelerated Lambda Iteration (ALI) method is used to compute the models. The seven ammonia lines show mixed absorption and emission with inverse P-Cygni-type profiles that suggest infall onto the central source. A trend toward absorption at increasingly higher velocities for higher excitation transitions is clearly seen in the line profiles. The $J = 3\leftarrow2$ lines show only very weak emission, so these absorption profiles can be used directly to analyze the inward motion of the gas. This is the first time a multitransitional study of spectrally resolved rotational ammonia lines has been used for this purpose. Broad emission is, in addition, mixed with the absorption in the $1_0-0_0$ ortho-NH$_3$ line, possibly tracing a molecular outflow from the star forming region. The best-fitting ALI model reproduces the continuum fluxes and line profiles, but slightly underpredicts the emission and absorption depth in the ground-state ortho line $1_0-0_0$. The derived ortho-to-para ratio is approximately 0.5 throughout the infalling cloud core similar to recent findings for translucent clouds in sight lines toward W31C and W49N. We find evidence of two gas components moving inwards toward the central region with constant velocities: 2.7 and 5.3 km$\,$s$^{-1}$, relative to the source systemic velocity. The inferred mass accretion rates derived are sufficient to overcome the expected radiation pressure from G34.26+0.15. ",On the accretion process in a high-mass star forming region - A multitransitional THz Herschel-HIFI study of ammonia toward G34.26+0.15 " The principal pivot transform (PPT) of a matrix A partitioned relative to an invertible leading principal submatrix is a matrix B such that A [x_1^T x_2^T]^T = [y_1^T y_2^T]^T if and only if B [y_1^T x_2^T]^T = [x_1^T y_2^T]^T, where all vectors are partitioned conformally to A. The purpose of this paper is to survey the properties and manifestations of PPTs relative to arbitrary principal submatrices, make some new observations, present and possibly motivate further applications of PPTs in matrix theory. We pay special attention to PPTs of matrices whose principal minors are positive. ",Principal pivot transforms: properties and applications " The Greenberger, Horne, Zeilinger (GHZ) theorem is critically important to consideration of the possibility of hidden variables in quantum mechanics. Since it depends on predictions of single sets of measurements on three particles, it eliminates the sampling loophole encountered by the Bell theorem which requires a large number of observations to obtain a small number of useful joint measurements. In evading this problem, the GHZ theorem is believed to have confirmed Bell's historic conclusion that local hidden variables are inconsistent with the results of quantum mechanics. The GHZ theorem depends on predicting the results of sets of measurements of which only one may be performed, i.e., counterfactuals. In the present paper, the non-commutative aspects of these unperformed measurement sequences are critically examined. Three classical examples and two variations on the GHZ construction are analyzed to demonstrate that combined counter factual results of non-commuting operations are in general logically inconsistent with performable measurement sequences that take non-commutation into account. As a consequence, negative conclusions regarding local hidden variables do not follow from the GHZ and Bell theorems as historically reasoned. ",Logical inconsistency in combining counterfactual results from non-commutative operations: Deconstructing the GHZ-Bell theorems " We investigated negative photoconductivity in graphene using ultrafast terahertz techniques. Infrared transmission was used to determine the Fermi energy, carrier density and mobility of p-type CVD graphene samples. Time-resolved terahertz photoconductivity measurements using a tunable mid-infrared pump probed these samples at photon energies between 0.35eV to 1.55eV, approximately one half to three times the Fermi energy of the samples. Although interband optical transitions in graphene are blocked for pump photon energies less than twice the Fermi energy, we observe negative photoconductivity at all pump photon energies investigated, indicating that interband excitation is not required to observe this effect. Our results are consistent with a thermalized free carrier population that cools by electron-phonon scattering, but inconsistent with models of negative photoconductivity based on population inversion. ",Carrier Heating and Negative Photoconductivity in Graphene " We propose a minimal extension of the Standard Model by two real singlet fields that could provide a good candidate for light Dark Matter, and give a strong first order electroweak phase transition. As a result, there are two CP even scalars; one is lighter than \sim 70 GeV, and the other one with mass in the range of 280-400 GeV; and consistent with electroweak precision tests. We show that the light scalar mass can be as small as 25 GeV while still being consistent with the LEP data. The predicted dark matter scattering cross section is large enough to accommodate CoGeNT and can be probed by future XENON experiment. We also show that for dark matter mass around 2 GeV, the branching fraction of the process (B^+\rightarrowK^++2(DM)) can be accessible in SuperB factories. ","Light Dark Matter, Light Higgs and the Electroweak Phase Transition" " A subset $S \subseteq V$ in a graph $G = (V,E)$ is called a $[1, k]$-set, if for every vertex $v \in V \setminus S$, $1 \leq | N_G(v) \cap S | \leq k$. The $[1,k]$-domination number of $G$, denoted by $\gamma_{[1, k]}(G)$ is the size of the smallest $[1,k]$-sets of $G$. A set $S'\subseteq V(G)$ is called a total $[1,k]$-set, if for every vertex $v \in V$, $1 \leq | N_G(v) \cap S | \leq k$. If a graph $G$ has at least one total $[1, k]$-set then the cardinality of the smallest such set is denoted by $\gamma_{t[1, k]}(G)$. We consider $[1, k]$-sets that are also independent. Note that not every graph has an independent $[1, k]$-set. For graphs having an independent $[1, k]$-set, we define $[1, k]$-independence numbers which is denoted by $\gamma_{i[1, k]}(G)$. In this paper, we investigate the existence of $[1,k]$-sets in lexicographic products $G\circ H$. Furthermore, we completely characterize graphs which their lexicographic product has at least one total $[1,k]$-set. Also, we determine $\gamma_{[1, k]}(G\circ H)$, $\gamma_{t[1, k]}(G\circ H)$ and $\gamma_{i[1, k]}(G\circ H)$. Finally, we show that finding smallest total $[1, k]$-set is $NP$-complete. ","Some Results on [1, k]-sets of Lexicographic Products of Graphs" " Despite the remarkable success of Deep RL in learning control policies from raw pixels, the resulting models do not generalize. We demonstrate that a trained agent fails completely when facing small visual changes, and that fine-tuning---the common transfer learning paradigm---fails to adapt to these changes, to the extent that it is faster to re-train the model from scratch. We show that by separating the visual transfer task from the control policy we achieve substantially better sample efficiency and transfer behavior, allowing an agent trained on the source task to transfer well to the target tasks. The visual mapping from the target to the source domain is performed using unaligned GANs, resulting in a control policy that can be further improved using imitation learning from imperfect demonstrations. We demonstrate the approach on synthetic visual variants of the Breakout game, as well as on transfer between subsequent levels of Road Fighter, a Nintendo car-driving game. A visualization of our approach can be seen in https://youtu.be/4mnkzYyXMn4 and https://youtu.be/KCGTrQi6Ogo . ",Transfer Learning for Related Reinforcement Learning Tasks via Image-to-Image Translation " We present in this paper an evolution of a tool from a user interface for a concrete Computer Algebra system for Algebraic Topology (the Kenzo system), to a front-end allowing the interoperability among different sources for computation and deduction. The architecture allows the system not only to interface several systems, but also to make them cooperate in shared calculations. ",Integrating multiple sources to answer questions in Algebraic Topology " We present results from a long-term monitoring campaign on the TeV binary LSI +61 303 with VERITAS at energies above 500 GeV, and in the 2-10 keV hard X-ray bands with RXTE and Swift, sampling nine 26.5 day orbital cycles between September 2006 and February 2008. The binary was observed by VERITAS to be variable, with all integrated observations resulting in a detection at the 8.8 sigma (2006/2007) and 7.3 sigma (2007/2008) significance level for emission above 500 GeV. The source was detected during active periods with flux values ranging from 5 to 20% of the Crab Nebula, varying over the course of a single orbital cycle. Additionally, the observations conducted in the 2007-2008 observing season show marginal evidence (at the 3.6 sigma significance level) for TeV emission outside of the apastron passage of the compact object around the Be star. Contemporaneous hard X-ray observations with RXTE and Swift show large variability with flux values typically varying between 0.5 and 3.0*10^-11 ergs cm^-2 s^-1 over a single orbital cycle. The contemporaneous X-ray and TeV data are examined and it is shown that the TeV sampling is not dense enough to detect a correlation between the two bands. ","Multiwavelength Observations of LS I +61 303 with VERITAS, Swift and RXTE" " Imaging surveys of CO and other molecular transition lines are fundamental to measuring the large-scale distribution of molecular gas in the Milky Way. Due to finite angular resolution and sensitivity, however, observational effects are inevitable in the surveys, but few studies are available on the extent of uncertainties involved. The purpose of this work is to investigate the dependence of observations on angular resolution (beam sizes), sensitivity (noise levels), distances, and molecular tracers. To this end, we use high-quality CO images of a large-scale region (25.8 0.12). Finally, the FOV given by the proposed framework achieves an acceptance rate of 92% from an experienced radiologist. ",Automated MRI Field of View Prescription from Region of Interest Prediction by Intra-stack Attention Neural Network " This study focuses on heat and mass exchange processes in hydrate foam during its formation from methane bubbles in gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) of the Lake Baikal and following delivery of it in open container to the lake surface. The foam was formed as a result of methane bubble collection with a trap/container. The trap was inverted glass beaker of diameter of 70 mm and 360 mm long. Open bottom end of the beaker used as enter for bubbles ascended from the lakebed. At a depth of 1400 m all bubbles which fed to the trap were transformed here into solid hydrate foam. The sensitive thermometer was mounted in the middle of the trap and recorded the temperature inside trap. The fate of the bubbles in the trap was recorded by video-camera. During ascend within GHSZ with velocity of about 0.375 m/s we observed the continuous decrease of the temperature in the foam up to a level of negative magnitude in a depth interval of 1400 - 750 meters. Above 750 m temperature decrease was changed by small growth. However once the trap ascended above top boundary of GHSZ at a depth of 380 m, the temperature fell sharply. Falling to a negative values -0.25 oC, the temperature sharply stabilized and did not changed further until the trap reached the surface. The decreasing of the temperature during the ascent is due to the cooling of gas as a result of the performing of the work against the forces of hydrostatic pressure. The temperature drop at the boundary of the GHSZ is due to the absorption of heat by the decomposition of hydrate. ",Temperature effects in deep-water hydrate foam " We study two-phase stratified flow where the bottom layer is a thin laminar liquid and the upper layer is a fully-developed gas flow. The gas flow can be laminar or turbulent. To determine the boundary between convective and absolute instability, we use Orr--Sommerfeld stability theory, and a combination of linear modal analysis and ray analysis. For turbulent gas flow, and for the density ratio r=1000, we find large regions of parameter space that produce absolute instability. These parameter regimes involve viscosity ratios of direct relevance to oil/gas flows. If, instead, the gas layer is laminar, absolute instability persists for the density ratio r=1000, although the convective/absolute stability boundary occurs at a viscosity ratio that is an order of magnitude smaller than in the turbulent case. Two further unstable temporal modes exist in both the laminar and the turbulent cases, one of which can exclude absolute instability. We compare our results with an experimentally-determined flow-regime map, and discuss the potential application of the present method to non-linear analyses. ",Absolute linear instability in laminar and turbulent gas/liquid two-layer channel flow " Magneto-inertial range dominated by magnetic helicity has been studied using results of the numerical simulations, laboratory measurements, solar, solar wind, and Earth's magnetosphere observations (spacecraft measurements). The spectral data have been compared with the theoretical results obtained on the basis of the distributed chaos notion in the frames of the Kolmogorov-Iroshnikov phenomenology. The transition from magnetohydrodynamics to kinetics in the solar wind and at the special events (reconnection and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability) in Earth's magnetosphere has been discussed in this context. ",Magneto-inertial range dominated by magnetic helicity in space plasmas " Binary machines are a generalization of Feedback Shift Registers (FSRs) in which both, feedback and feedforward, connections are allowed and no chain connection between the register stages is required. In this paper, we present an algorithm for synthesis of binary machines with the minimum number of stages for a given degree of parallelization. Our experimental results show that for sequences with high linear complexity such as complementary, Legendre, or truly random, parallel binary machines are an order of magnitude smaller than parallel FSRs generating the same sequence. The presented approach can potentially be of advantage for any application which requires sequences with high spectrum efficiency or high security, such as data transmission, wireless communications, and cryptography. ",Synthesis of Parallel Binary Machines " We describe a new polarized imaging pipeline implemented in the FHD software package. The pipeline is based on the optimal mapmaking imaging approach and performs horizon-to-horizon image reconstruction in all polarization modes. We discuss the formalism behind the pipeline's polarized analysis, describing equivalent representations of the polarized beam response, or Jones matrix. We show that, for arrays where antennas have uniform polarization alignments, defining a non-orthogonal instrumental polarization basis enables accurate and efficient image reconstruction. Finally, we present a new calibration approach that leverages widefield effects to perform fully-polarized calibration. This analysis pipeline underlies the analysis of Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) data in Byrne et al. (2022, MNRAS, 510, 2011). ",The FHD Polarized Imaging Pipeline: A New Approach to Widefield Interferometric Polarimetry " Detecting objects and estimating their pose remains as one of the major challenges of the computer vision research community. There exists a compromise between localizing the objects and estimating their viewpoints. The detector ideally needs to be view-invariant, while the pose estimation process should be able to generalize towards the category-level. This work is an exploration of using deep learning models for solving both problems simultaneously. For doing so, we propose three novel deep learning architectures, which are able to perform a joint detection and pose estimation, where we gradually decouple the two tasks. We also investigate whether the pose estimation problem should be solved as a classification or regression problem, being this still an open question in the computer vision community. We detail a comparative analysis of all our solutions and the methods that currently define the state of the art for this problem. We use PASCAL3D+ and ObjectNet3D datasets to present the thorough experimental evaluation and main results. With the proposed models we achieve the state-of-the-art performance in both datasets. ",The challenge of simultaneous object detection and pose estimation: a comparative study " Guttman presented a model-theoretic approach to establishing security goals in the context of Strand Space theory. In his approach, a run of the Cryptographic Protocol Shapes Analyzer (CPSA) produces models that determine if a goal is satisfied. This paper presents a method for extracting a sentence that completely characterizes a run of CPSA. Logical deduction can then be used to determine if a goal is satisfied. This method has been implemented and is available to all. ",Deducing Security Goals From Shape Analysis Sentences " We introduce a fractional Klein-Kramers equation which describes sub-ballistic superdiffusion in phase space in the presence of a space-dependent external force field. This equation defines the differential L{\'e}vy walk model whose solution is shown to be non-negative. In the velocity coordinate, the probability density relaxes in Mittag-Leffler fashion towards the Maxwell distribution whereas in the space coordinate, no stationary solution exists and the temporal evolution of moments exhibits a competition between Brownian and anomalous contributions. ",Fractional Klein-Kramers equation for superdiffusive transport: normal versus anomalous time evolution in a differential L{\'e}vy walk model " We propose a method for generalizing the Ising model in magnetic fields and calculating the partition function (exact solution) for the Ising model of an arbitrary shape. Specifically, the partition function is calculated using matrices that are created automatically based on the structure of the system. By generalizing this method, it becomes possible to calculate the partition function of various crystal systems (network shapes) in magnetic fields when N (scale) is infinite. Furthermore, we also connect this method for finding the solution to the Ising model in magnetic fields to a method for finding the solution to Bayesian networks in information statistical mechanics (applied to data mining, machine learning, and combinatorial optimization). ",Exact Solution for Partition function of General Ising Model in Magnetic Fields and Bayesian Networks " The direct expansion of deep neural network (DNN) based wide-band speech enhancement (SE) to full-band processing faces the challenge of low frequency resolution in low frequency range, which would highly likely lead to deteriorated performance of the model. In this paper, we propose a learnable spectral compression mapping (SCM) to effectively compress the high frequency components so that they can be processed in a more efficient manner. By doing so, the model can pay more attention to low and middle frequency range, where most of the speech power is concentrated. Instead of suppressing noise in a single network structure, we first estimate a spectral magnitude mask, converting the speech to a high signal-to-ratio (SNR) state, and then utilize a subsequent model to further optimize the real and imaginary mask of the pre-enhanced signal. We conduct comprehensive experiments to validate the efficacy of the proposed method. ",A two-stage full-band speech enhancement model with effective spectral compression mapping " We consider the split extended (N=2) supersymmetry scenario recently proposed by Antoniadis et al. [hep-ph/0507192] as a realistic low energy framework arising from intersecting brane models. While all scalar superpartners and charged gauginos are naturally at a heavy scale, the model low energy spectrum contains a Higgsino-like chargino and a neutralino sector made out of two Higgsino and two Bino states. We show that the lightest neutralino is a viable dark matter candidate, finding regions in the parameter space where its thermal relic abundance matches the latest determination of the density of matter in the Universe by WMAP. We also discuss dark matter detection strategies within this model: we point out that current data on cosmic-ray antimatter already place significant constraints on the model, while direct detection is the most promising technique for the future. Analogies and differences with respect to the standard split SUSY scenario based on the MSSM are illustrated. ",Dark Matter in split extended supersymmetry " Impedance matrices are obtained for radially inhomogeneous structures using the Stroh-like system of six first order differential equations for the time harmonic displacement-traction 6-vector. Particular attention is paid to the newly identified solid-cylinder impedance matrix ${\mathbf Z} (r)$ appropriate to cylinders with material at $r=0$, and its limiting value at that point, the solid-cylinder impedance matrix ${\mathbf Z}_0$. We show that ${\mathbf Z}_0$ is a fundamental material property depending only on the elastic moduli and the azimuthal order $n$, that ${\mathbf Z} (r)$ is Hermitian and ${\mathbf Z}_0$ is negative semi-definite. Explicit solutions for ${\mathbf Z}_0$ are presented for monoclinic and higher material symmetry, and the special cases of $n=0$ and 1 are treated in detail. Two methods are proposed for finding ${\mathbf Z} (r)$, one based on the Frobenius series solution and the other using a differential Riccati equation with ${\mathbf Z}_0$ as initial value. %in a consistent manner as the solution of an algebraic Riccati equation. The radiation impedance matrix is defined and shown to be non-Hermitian. These impedance matrices enable concise and efficient formulations of dispersion equations for wave guides, and solutions of scattering and related wave problems in cylinders. ",Wave impedance matrices for cylindrically anisotropic radially inhomogeneous elastic solids " Educational technology innovations leveraging large language models (LLMs) have shown the potential to automate the laborious process of generating and analysing textual content. While various innovations have been developed to automate a range of educational tasks (e.g., question generation, feedback provision, and essay grading), there are concerns regarding the practicality and ethicality of these innovations. Such concerns may hinder future research and the adoption of LLMs-based innovations in authentic educational contexts. To address this, we conducted a systematic scoping review of 118 peer-reviewed papers published since 2017 to pinpoint the current state of research on using LLMs to automate and support educational tasks. The findings revealed 53 use cases for LLMs in automating education tasks, categorised into nine main categories: profiling/labelling, detection, grading, teaching support, prediction, knowledge representation, feedback, content generation, and recommendation. Additionally, we also identified several practical and ethical challenges, including low technological readiness, lack of replicability and transparency, and insufficient privacy and beneficence considerations. The findings were summarised into three recommendations for future studies, including updating existing innovations with state-of-the-art models (e.g., GPT-3/4), embracing the initiative of open-sourcing models/systems, and adopting a human-centred approach throughout the developmental process. As the intersection of AI and education is continuously evolving, the findings of this study can serve as an essential reference point for researchers, allowing them to leverage the strengths, learn from the limitations, and uncover potential research opportunities enabled by ChatGPT and other generative AI models. ",Practical and Ethical Challenges of Large Language Models in Education: A Systematic Scoping Review " In recent work, we used pseudo-differential theory to establish conditions that the initial-boundary value problem for second order systems of wave equations be strongly well-posed in a generalized sense. The applications included the harmonic version of the Einstein equations. Here we show that these results can also be obtained via standard energy estimates, thus establishing strong well-posedness of the harmonic Einstein problem in the classical sense. ",Well-posed initial-boundary value problem for the harmonic Einstein equations using energy estimates " In this paper, we study Euler classes in groups of homeomorphisms of Seifert fibered 3-manifolds. We show that, in contrast to the familiar Euler class for $\mathrm{Homeo}_0(S^1)^\delta$, these Euler classes for $\mathrm{Homeo}_0(M^3)^\delta$ are unbounded classes. In fact, we give examples of flat topological M bundles over a genus 3 surface whose Euler class takes arbitrary values. ",Unboundedness of some higher Euler classes " We demonstrate that exclusive B decays to P-wave charmonium factorize in the non-relativistic limit provided that colour-octet contributions are taken into account, and estimate the branching fractions. Although there are very large uncertainties, we find reasonable parameter choices, where the main features of the data -- large corrections to (naive) factorization and suppression of the chi_{c2} and h_c final states -- are reproduced though the suppression of chi_{c2} is not as strong as seen in the data. Our results also provide an example, where an endpoint divergence in hard spectator-scattering factorizes and is absorbed into colour-octet operator matrix elements. ",B -> chi_cJ K decays revisited " Arrays of artificial spin ices exhibit reconfigurable ferromagnetic resonance frequencies that can be leveraged and designed for potential applications.However, analytical and numerical studies of the frequency response of artificial spin ices have remained somewhat limited due to the need of take into account nonlocal dipole fields in theoretical calculations or by long computation times in micromagnetic simulations. Here, we introduce Gaenice, a framework to compute magnon dispersion relations of arbitrary artificial spin ice configurations. Gaenice makes use of a tight-binding approach to compute the magnon bands. It also provides the user complete control of the interaction terms included, e.g., external field, anisotropy, exchange, and dipole, making it useful also to compute ferromagnetic resonances for a variety of structures, such as multilayers and ensembles of weakly or non-interacting nanoparticles. Because it relies on a semi-analytical model, Gaenice is computationally inexpensive and efficient, making it an attractive tool for the exploration of large parameter spaces. ",G\ae{}nice: a general model for magnon band structure of artificial spin ices " A theoretical model is presented for low-frequency magnetoelectric (ME) effects in bilayers of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases. A novel approach, the introduction of an interface coupling parameter k, is proposed for the consideration of actual boundary conditions at the interface. An averaging method is used to estimate effective material parameters. Expressions for ME voltage coefficients are obtained by solving elastostatic and electrostatic equations. We consider both unclamped and rigidly clamped bilayers and three different field orientations of importance: (i) longitudinal fields in which the poling field, bias field and ac fields are all parallel to each other and perpendicular to the sample plane; (ii) transverse fields for magnetic fields parallel to each other and perpendicular to electric fields, and (iii) in-plane longitudinal fields for all the fields parallel to each other and to the sample plane. The theory predicts a giant ME coupling for bilayers with cobalt ferrite (CFO), nickel ferrite (NFO), or lanthanum strontium manganite (LSMO) for the magnetostrictive phase and barium titanate (BTO) or lead zirconate titanate (PZT) for the piezoelectric phase. ",Theory of low frequency magnetoelectric coupling in magnetostrictive-piezoelectric bilayers " The ever-increasing amount of data in biomedical research, and in cancer research in particular, needs to be managed to support efficient data access, exchange and integration. Existing software infrastructures, such caGrid, support access to distributed information annotated with a domain ontology. However, caGrid's current querying functionality depends on the structure of individual data resources without exploiting the semantic annotations. In this paper, we present the design and development of an ontology-based querying functionality that consists of: the generation of OWL2 ontologies from the underlying data resources metadata and a query rewriting and translation process based on reasoning, which converts a query at the domain ontology level into queries at the software infrastructure level. We present a detailed analysis of our approach as well as an extensive performance evaluation. While the implementation and evaluation was performed for the caGrid infrastructure, the approach could be applicable to other model and metadata-driven environments for data sharing. ",Ontology-based Queries over Cancer Data " We consider a novel, analytical queuing model for vehicle coordination at signal-free intersections. Vehicles arrive at an intersection according to Poisson processes, and the crossing times are constants dependent of vehicle types. We use this model to quantitatively relate key operational parameters (vehicle speed/acceleration, inter-vehicle headway) to key performance metrics (throughput and delay) under the first-come-first-serve rule. We use the Foster-Lyapunov drift condition to obtain stability criteria and an upper bound for average time delay. Based on these results, we compare the efficiency of signal free intersections with conventional vehicles and with connected and autonomous vehicles. We also validate our results in Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO). ",Analysis of a Markovian Queuing Model for Autonomous Signal-Free Intersection " Theoretical work has shown that intermediate mass (0.01Msun0.8Msun) WDs, these helium shells can be dense enough (5x10^5 g/cc) that the convectively burning region runs away on a timescale comparable to the sound travel time across the shell; raising the possibility for an explosive outcome. The nature of the explosion (i.e. deflagration or detonation) remains ambiguous. In the case of detonation, this causes a laterally propagating front whose properties in these geometrically thin and low density shells we begin to study here. Our calculations show that the radial expansion time of <0.1 s leads to incomplete helium burning, in agreement with recent work by Sim and collaborators, but that the nuclear energy released is still adequate to realize a self-sustaining detonation propagating laterally at slower than the Chapman-Jouguet speed. Our simulations resolve the subsonic region behind the front and are consistent with a direct computation of the reaction structure from the shock strength. The ashes are typically He rich, and consist of predominantly Ti-44, Cr-48, along with a small amount of Fe-52, with very little Ni-56 and with significant Ca-40 in carbon-enriched layers. If this helium detonation results in a Type Ia Supernova, its spectral signatures would appear for the first few days after explosion. (abridged) ",Laterally Propagating Detonations in Thin Helium Layers on Accreting White Dwarfs " New family dependent fermionic interactions have been conjectured in several extensions of the Standard Model that range from Supersymmetry to composite theory up to flavor interactions. Strong constraints on these theoretical scenarios can be derived from light fermion phenomenology and from B-mesons studies. Corresponding constrains on the top quark sector are, on the other hand, rather week. Tevatron data, on top quark pair production and decay in dilepton channel, may suggest some deviation from the Standard Model expectations. Such a deviation can be successfully re-interpreted in terms of an exotic top decay that can arise in several theories beyond the Standard Model. Further investigations at present and future colliders will provide crucial tests on the models under discussion. ",A new family dependent interaction in Tevatron top dilepton candidate events ? " We introduce a new framework called linear algebraic number theory (LANT) that reformulates the number-theoretic problem as a regression model and solves it using matrix algebra. This framework restricts all computations to log space, therefore replaces multiplication with addition and allows to capture variation in the natural numbers from variation in the prime numbers. This automatically puts prime numbers to their designated place of atomic particles of natural numbers and enables fruitful new formulations of number-theoretic functions. We outline the theory, derive some basic results, make connections to standard number theory and give an outlook regarding the Riemann hypothesis, number theory's long-standing enigma. ","Linear Algebraic Number Theory, Part I: Foundations" " The paper sets out a primitive ontology of the natural world in terms of primitive stuff, that is, stuff that has as such no physical properties at all, but that is not a bare substratum either, being individuated by metrical relations. We focus on quantum physics and employ identity-based Bohmian mechanics to illustrate this view, but point out that it applies all over physics. Properties then enter into the picture exclusively through the role that they play for the dynamics of the primitive stuff. We show that such properties can be local (classical mechanics), as well as holistic (quantum mechanics), and discuss two metaphysical options to conceive them, namely Humeanism and modal realism in the guise of dispositionalism. ",The physics and metaphysics of primitive stuff " AM CVn systems are a select group of ultracompact binaries with the shortest orbital periods of any known binary subclass; mass-transfer is likely from a low-mass (partially-)degenerate secondary onto a white dwarf primary, driven by gravitational radiation. In the past few years, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has provided five new AM CVns. Here we report on two further candidates selected from more recent SDSS data. SDSS J1208+3550 is similar to the earlier SDSS discoveries, recognized as an AM CVn via its distinctive spectrum which is dominated by helium emission. From the expanded SDSS Data Release 6 (DR6) spectroscopic area, we provide an updated surface density estimate for such AM CVns of order 10^{-3.1} to 10^{-2.5} per deg^2 for 15 0.1$ rad s km$^{-1}$) exhibit reduced power from $7 \leq z \leq 5.5$ in the ionization equilibrium case while larger scales are unaffected. This occurs for the same reasons: ionization equilibrium artificially suppresses the neutral fraction in self-shielded gas and boosts ionizations in voids, suppressing small-scale fluctuations in the ionization field. When the volume-averaged neutral fraction drops below $10^{-4}$, the signature of non-equilibrium ionizations on the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest (LAF) disappears. Comparing with recent observations indicates that these non-equilibrium effects are not yet observable in the LAF flux power spectrum. ",Assuming Ionization Equilibrium and the Impact on the Lyman-$\mathrm{\alpha}$ Forest Power Spectrum during the End of Reionization at $8 \geq z \geq 5$ " The influence of the deposition pressure PO2 and substrate temperature TS during the growth of Bi2FeCrO6 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated. It is found that the high volatility of Bi makes the deposition very difficult and that the growth of pure Bi2FeCrO6 thin films on SrTiO3 substrates is possible only in a narrow deposition parameter window. We find that the pure Bi2FeCrO6 phase is formed within a narrow window around an oxygen pressure PO2 =1.210-2 mbar and around a substrate temperature TS=680 degC. At lower temperature or higher pressure, Bi7.38Cr0.62O12+x_also called (b*Bi2O3)and Bi2Fe4O9 /Bi2(Fe,Cr)4O9+x phases are detected, while at lower pressure or higher temperature a (Fe,Cr)3O4 phase forms. Some of these secondary phases are not well known and have not been previously studied. We previously reported Fe/Cr cation ordering as the probable origin of the tenfold improvement in magnetization at saturation of our Bi2FeCrO6 film, compared to BiFeO3. Here, we address the effect of the degree of cationic ordering on the magnetic properties of the Bi2FeCrO6 single phase. Polarization measurements at room temperature reveal that our Bi2FeCrO6 films have excellent ferroelectric properties with ferroelectric hysteresis loops exhibiting a remanent polarization as high as 55-60 miroC/cm2 along the pseudocubic (001) direction. ","Epitaxial thin films of the multiferroic double perovskite Bi2FeCrO6 grown on (100)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates: Growth, characterization, and optimization" " The Petermann factor and the phase rigidity are convenient measures for various aspects of open quantum and wave systems, such as the sensitivity of energy eigenvalues to perturbations or the magnitude of quantum excess noise in lasers. We discuss the behavior of these two important quantities near non-Hermitian degeneracies, so-called exceptional points. For small generic perturbations, we derive analytically explicit formulas which reveal a relation to the spectral response strength of the exceptional point. These formulas shed light on the possibilities for enhanced sensing in passive systems. The predictions of the general theory are successfully compared to analytical solutions of a toy model. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the connection between the Petermann factor and the spectral response strength provides the basis for an efficient numerical scheme to calculate the latter. Our theory is also important in the presence of the unavoidable imperfections in the fabrication of exceptional points as it allows to determine of what is left of the sensitivity for such imperfect exceptional points studied in experiments. ",Petermann factors and phase rigidities near exceptional points " In this addendum we strengthen the results of math-ph/0002010 in the case of polynomial phases. We prove that Cesaro means of the pair correlation functions of certain integrable quantum maps on the 2-sphere at level N tend almost always to the Poisson (uniform limit). The quantum maps are exponentials of Hamiltonians which have the form a p(I) + b I, where I is the action, where p is a polynomial and where a,b are two real numbers. We prove that for any such family and for almost all a,b, the pair correlation tends to Poisson on average in N. The results involve Weyl estimates on exponential sums and new metric results on continued fractions. They were motivated by a comparison of the results of math-ph/0002010 with some independent results on pair correlation of fractional parts of polynomials by Rudnick-Sarnak. ",Addendum: Level Spacings for Integrable Quantum Maps in Genus Zero " How global faculae and network coverage relates to that of sunspots is relevant to the brightness variations of the Sun and Sun-like stars. We extend earlier studies that found the facular-to-sunspot-area ratio diminishes with total sunspot coverage. Chromospheric indices and the total magnetic flux enclosed in network and faculae, referred to here as 'facular indices', are modulated by the amount of facular and network present. We probed the relationship between various facular and sunspot indices through an empirical model that takes into account how active regions evolve. This model was incorporated into a total solar irradiance (TSI) model. The model presented here replicates most of the observed variability in the facular indices, and is better at doing so than earlier models. Contrary to recent studies, we found the relationship between the facular and sunspot indices to be stable over the past four decades. The model indicates that, like the facular-to-sunspot-area ratio, the ratio of the variation in chromospheric emission and total network and facular magnetic flux to sunspot area decreases with the latter. The TSI model indicates the ratio of the TSI excess from faculae and network to the deficit from sunspots also declines with sunspot area, with the consequence being that TSI rises with sunspot area more slowly than if the two quantities were linearly proportional to one another. The extrapolation of the TSI model to higher activity levels indicates that in the activity range where Sun-like stars are observed to switch from growing brighter with increasing activity to becoming dimmer instead, the activity-dependence of TSI exhibits a similar transition as sunspot darkening starts to rise more rapidly with activity than facular brightening. This bolsters the interpretation of this behavior of Sun-like stars as the transition from a faculae-dominated to a spot-dominated regime. ","How faculae and network relate to sunspots, and the implications for solar and stellar brightness variations" " Splicing sites provide unique statistics in human genome due to their large number and reasonably complete annotation. Analyses of the cumulative SNPs distribution in splicing sites reveal a few interesting observations. While a degree of the nucleotide conservation reflects on the SNPs density monotonically, no detectable changes in the SNPs frequencies spectrum were found. Semi-conserved nucleotide sites harbor transition mutations predominantly. We propose that such transition preference is caused by co-evolution of a site with corresponding binding agents. Since transitions in humans and similarly in other organisms are almost twice as frequent as transversions, this adaptation significantly lowers the mutation load. ",Genetic Variability of Splicing Sites " We show that size-rank distributions with power-law decay (often only over a limited extent) observed in a vast number of instances in a widespread family of systems obey Tsallis statistics. The theoretical framework for these distributions is analogous to that of a nonlinear iterated map near a tangent bifurcation for which the Lyapunov exponent is negligible or vanishes. The relevant statistical-mechanical expressions associated with these distributions are derived from a maximum entropy principle with the use of two different constraints, and the resulting duality of entropy indexes is seen to portray physically relevant information. While the value of the index $\alpha $ fixes the distribution's power-law exponent, that for the dual index $2-\alpha $ ensures the extensivity of the deformed entropy. ",Incidence of $q$-statistics in rank distributions " What fits the human brain does not necessarily mean whatever is invented is meant for human brain. This is exactly what is implied by the definition of algorithm: \textit{Reducing and Simplifying}. Our cognitive apparatus, although endowed with certain parameters, ceases to comprehend chains of mathematical and logical steps used for algorithmic or mathematical purposes. Such a cognitive limit allows us to pay attention to the symbolic regularities which are meaningful. The more meaningless these symbols become, the fuzzier is our mental representation for it. Needless to say, that we actually tend to interact with activities that are meaningful, and discard those that are meaningless. By activities we mean steps, steps that form an algorithm. Could it be just an assumption? Are we really aversing from algorithms in modern day life? -- Ziel dieser Arbeit war eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit dem biokybernetischen Denkansatz anhand des Sensitivit\""atsmodells von Frederic Vester, das in die sozioinformatische Analyse eines sozio-technischen Systems integriert und hinsichtlich der Fragestellung gepr\""uft wurde, inwieweit sich dieses Konzept zur Beurteilung von Planungsvorhaben bei sozio-technischen Systemen eignet. Dazu wurden F. Vesters Biokybernetischenn Grundregeln zur Feststellung der \""Uberlebensf\""ahigkeit eines Systems, auf ihre Anwendbarkeit in Bezug auf sozio-technische Systeme untersucht. Die Funktionalit\""at der Analysemethode wurde auf das nach der Definition von Andrea Kienle und Gabriele Kunau als sozio-technisches System charakterisierte Unternehmen Uber angewendet. Im Gegensatz zu unsystemischen Analysen besteht der Vorteil des Sensitivit\""atsmodells in der Vermittlung von Erkenntnissen \""uber innere Systemzusammenh\""ange. Abschlie{\ss}end wurde der vorgestellte Analyseansatz als transdisziplin\""are Weiterentwicklung des Sensitivit\""atsmodells charakterisiert. ","Vorstellung eines sozioinformatischen Analyseansatzes zur Technikfolgenabsch\""atzung in Anlehnung an Vesters Sensitivit\""atsmodell am Beispiel des Unternehmens Uber als sozio-technisches System" " Chirality is ubiquitous in nature and of fundamental importance in science. The present work focuses on understanding the conditions required to modify the chirality during ultrafast electronic motion by bringing enantiomers out-of-equilibrium. Different kinds of ultrashort linearly-polarised laser pulses are used to drive an ultrafast charge migration process by the excitation of a small number of low-lying excited states from the ground electronic state of S- and R-epoxypropane. Control over chiral electron dynamics is achieved by choosing the different orientations of the linearly polarised pulse. We find that chirality breaking electric fields are only possible in oriented molecules, and that charge migration remains chiral when the polarisation of the field lies in the mirror plane defining the enantiomer pair, or when it is strictly perpendicular to it. Ultimately, the presence or the absence of a mirror symmetry for the enantiomer pair in the external field determines the chiral properties of the charge migration process. ",Probing molecular chirality via laser-induced electronic fluxes " At the air/water interface, 4,-8-alkyl[1,1,-biphenyl]-4-carbonitrile (8CB) domains with different thicknesses coexist in the same Langmuir film, as multiple bilayers on a monolayer. The edge dislocation at the domain boundary leads to line tension, which determines the domain shape and dynamics. By observing the domain relaxation process starting from small distortions, we find that the line tension is linearly dependent on the thickness difference between the coexisting phases in the film. Comparisons with theoretical treatments in the literature suggest that the edge dislocation at the boundary locates near the center of the film, which means that the 8CB multilayers are almost symmetric with respect to the air/water interface. ",Line tension and structure of smectic liquid crystal multilayers at the air-water interface " We study the problem of inverting a restricted transverse ray transform to recover a symmetric $m$-tensor field in $\mathbb{R}^3$ using microlocal analysis techniques. More precisely, we prove that a symmetric $m$-tensor field can be recovered up to a known singular term and a smoothing term if its transverse ray transform is known along all lines intersecting a fixed smooth curve satisfying the Kirillov-Tuy condition. ",Microlocal inversion of a 3-dimensional restricted transverse ray transform of symmetric $m$-tensor fields " We consider the following problem: estimate the size of a nonempty set $S\subseteq\left[ N\right] $, given both quantum queries to a membership oracle for $S$, and a device that generates equal superpositions $\left\vert S\right\rangle $ over $S$ elements. We show that, if $\left\vert S\right\vert $ is neither too large nor too small, then approximate counting with these resources is still quantumly hard. More precisely, any quantum algorithm needs either $\Omega\left( \sqrt{N/\left\vert S\right\vert}\right) $ queries or else $\Omega\left( \min\left\{ \left\vert S\right\vert ^{1/4},\sqrt{N/\left\vert S\right\vert }\right\} \right)$ copies of $\left\vert S\right\rangle $. This means that, in the black-box setting, quantum sampling does not imply approximate counting. The proof uses a novel generalization of the polynomial method of Beals et al. to Laurent polynomials, which can have negative exponents. ",Quantum Lower Bound for Approximate Counting Via Laurent Polynomials " A strategy for a scalable synchronization of an array of spin-Hall oscillators (SHOs) is illustrated. In detail, we present micromagnetic simulations of two and five SHOs realized by means of couples of triangular golden contacts on the top of a Pt/CoFeB/Ta trilayer. Results highlight that the synchronization occurs for the whole current region that gives rise to the excitation of self-oscillations. This is linked to the role of the magnetodipolar coupling, which is the phenomenon driving the synchronization when the distance between oscillators is not too large. Synchronization turns out to be also robust against geometrical differences of the contacts, simulated by considering variable distances between the tips ranging from 100nm to 200nm. Besides, it entails an enlargement of the radiation pattern that can be useful for the generation of spin-waves in magnonics applications. Simulations performed to study the effect of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction show nonreciprocity in spatial propagation of the synchronized spin-wave. The simplicity of the geometry and the robustness of the achieved synchronization make this design of array of SHOs scalable for a larger number of synchronized oscillators. ",Scalable synchronization of spin-Hall oscillators in out-of-plane field " We use ROSAT PSPC data to study the X-ray properties of a sample of twelve poor groups that have extensive membership information (Zabludoff and Mulchaey 1997; Paper I). Diffuse X-ray emission is detected in nine of these groups. In all but one of the X-ray detected groups, the X-ray emission is centered on a luminous elliptical galaxy. Fits to the surface brightness profiles of the X-ray emission suggest the presence of two X-ray components in these groups. The first component is centered on the central elliptical galaxy. The location and extent of this component, combined with its X-ray temperature and luminosity, favor an origin in the interstellar medium of the central galaxy. Alternatively, the central component may be the result of a large-scale cooling flow. The second X-ray component is detected out to a radius of at least 100-300 kpc. This component follows the same relationships found among the X-ray temperature, X-ray luminosity and optical velocity dispersion of rich clusters. This result suggests that the X-ray detected groups are low-mass versions of clusters and that the extended gas component can properly be called the intragroup medium, in analogy to the intracluster medium in clusters. We also find a trend for the position angle of the optical light in the central elliptical galaxy to align with the position angle of the large-scale X-ray emission. (Abridged) ",The Properties of Poor Groups of Galaxies: II. X-ray and Optical Comparisons " We calculate single-neutron spectroscopic overlaps for lithium isotopes in the framework of the \textit{ab initio} symmetry-adapted no-core shell model. We report the associated neutron-nucleus asymptotic normalization coefficients (ANCs) and spectroscopic factors (SFs) that are important ingredients in many reaction cross section calculations. While spectroscopic factors have been traditionally extracted from experimental cross sections, their sensitivity on the type of reactions, energy, and the underlying models point to the need for determining SF from first-principle structure considerations. As illustrative examples, we present $^6$Li+n, $^7$Li+n, and $^8$Li+n, and we show that the results are in a good agreement with those of other \textit{ab initio} methods, where available, including the quantum Monte Carlo approach. We compare ANCs and SFs to available experimentally deduced values, with a view toward expanding this study to heavier nuclei and to extracting inter-cluster effective interactions for input into analyses of existing and future experimental data. ",Ab initio single-neutron spectroscopic overlaps in lithium isotopes " We present the first observation of ultracold LiCs molecules. The molecules are formed in a two-species magneto-optical trap and detected by two-photon ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The production rate coefficient is found to be in the range $10^{-18}\unit{cm^3s^{-1}}$ to $10^{-16}\unit{cm^3s^{-1}}$, at least an order of magnitude smaller than for other heteronuclear diatomic molecules directly formed in a magneto-optical trap. ",Formation of ultracold LiCs molecules " On the basis of revisions of some of the systematic errors, we reanalyzed the measurement of the $\beta-\bar\nu_e$ angular correlation ($a$ coefficient) in free neutron beta decay from the aSPECT experiment. With $a = -0.10402(82)$ the new value differs only marginally from the one published in 2020. The experiment has also sensitivity to $b$, the Fierz interference term. From a correlated $(b,a)$ fit to the proton recoil spectrum, we derive a limit of $b= -0.0098(193)$ which translates into a somewhat improved 90% CL region of $-0.041 < b < 0.022$ on this hypothetical term. ",Reanalysis of the $\beta-\bar\nu_e$ angular correlation measurement aSPECT with new constrains on Fierz interference " We consider the stochastic quantization scheme for a non-perturbative stabilization of 2D quantum gravity and prove that it does not satisfy the KdV flow equations. It therefore differs from a recently suggested matrix model which allows real solutions to the KdV equations. The behaviour of the Fermi energy, the free energy and macroscopic loops in the stochastic quantization scheme are elucidated. ",Stochastic Quantization vs. KdV Flows in 2D Quantum Gravity " A perceptron is trained by a random bit sequence. In comparison to the corresponding classification problem, the storage capacity decreases to alpha_c=1.70\pm 0.02 due to correlations between input and output bits. The numerical results are supported by a signal to noise analysis of Hebbian weights. ",Training a perceptron by a bit sequence: Storage capacity " A transport model based on the mean free path approach to describe pp collisions is proposed. We assume that hadrons can be treated as bags of partons similarly to the MIT bag model. When the energy density in the collision is higher than a critical value, the bags break and partons are liberated. The partons expand and can make coalescence to form new hadrons. The results obtained compare very well with available data and some prediction for higher energies collisions are discussed. Based on the model we suggest that a QGP could already be formed in the pp collisions at high energies. ",Kinetic description of hadron-hadron collisions " It has recently been realized that five dimensional theories can be generated dynamically from asymptotically free, QCD-like four dimensional dynamics via ``deconstruction.'' In this paper we generalize this construction to six dimensional theories using a moose mesh with alternating weak and strong gauge groups. A new ingredient is the appearance of self couplings between the higher dimensional components of the gauge fields that appear as a potential for pseudo-Goldstone bosons in the deconstructed picture. We show that, in the limit where the weak gauge couplings are made large, such potentials are generated with appropriate size from finite one loop correction. Our construction has a number of applications, in particular to the constructions of ``little Higgs'' models of electroweak symmetry breaking. ",Deconstructing six dimensional gauge theories with strongly coupled moose meshes " Closure seems to be something rheologists would prefer to avoid. Here, the story of closure is told in such a way that one should enduringly forget any improper undertone of ""uncontrolled approximation"" or ""necessary evil"" which might arise, for example, in reducing a diffusion equation in configuration space to moment equations. In its widest sense, closure is associated with the search for self-contained levels of description on which time-evolution equations can be formulated in a closed, or autonomous, form. Proper closure requires the identification of the relevant structural variables participating in the dominant processes in a system of interest, and closure hence is synonymous with focusing on the essence of a problem and consequently with deep understanding. The derivation of closed equations may or may not be accompanied by the elimination of fast processes in favor of dissipation. As a general requirement, any closed set of evolution equations should be thermodynamically admissible. Thermodynamic admissibility comprises much more than the second law of thermodynamics, most notably, a clear separation of reversible and irreversible effects and a profound geometric structure of the reversible terms as a hallmark of reversibility. We discuss some implications of the intimate relationship between nonequilibrium thermodynamics and the principles of closure for rheology, and we illustrate the abstract ideas for the rod model of liquid crystal polymers, bead-spring models of dilute polymer solutions, and the reptation model of melts of entangled linear polymers. ",On the stupendous beauty of closure " In this paper, we study the proportion of vanishing elements of finite groups. We show that the proportion of vanishing elements of every finite non-abelian group is bounded below by $1/2$ and classify all finite groups whose proportions of vanishing elements attain this bound. For symmetric groups of degree at least $5$, we show that this bound is at least $2327/2520$ which is best possible. ",Proportions of vanishing elements in finite groups " Let $\mathbb{N}_0$ denote the set of all non-negative integers and $\mathcal{P}(\mathbb{N}_0)$ be its power set. An integer additive set-indexer is an injective function $f:V(G)\to \mathcal{P}(\mathbb{N}_0)$ such that the induced function $f^+:E(G) \to \mathcal{P}(\mathbb{N}_0)$ defined by $f^+ (uv) = f(u)+ f(v)$ is also injective, where $f(u)+f(v)$ is the sum set of $f(u)$ and $f(v)$. If $f^+(uv)=k~\forall~uv\in E(G)$, then $f$ is said to be a $k$-uniform integer additive set-indexer. An integer additive set-indexer $f$ is said to be a weak integer additive set-indexer if $|f^+(uv)|=\max(|f(u)|,|f(v)|)~\forall ~ uv\in E(G)$. In this paper, we study the admissibility of weak integer additive set-indexer by certain graphs and graph operations. ",Further Studies on the Sparing Number of Graphs We take a bottom-up approach to find the interaction potential between the $AdS$ black hole molecules under mean-field approximation. We start with the equation of state of dyonic $AdS$ black holes in fixed charge ensemble and use the method of classical cluster expansion to find the mean-field potential. We show that the Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential is a feasible choice to describe the equation of state. The LJ potential describes a two-body interaction. There exists a critical distance $r_0$ such that two interacting particles repel (attract) each other for $r < r_0$ ($r > r_0$). We compute the value of $r_0$ for dyonic $AdS$ black holes and compare the result obtained from the Ruppeiner scalar curvature. Our analysis shows how the electric (and magnetic) charge effects the interaction between black hole molecules. ,Interaction Between AdS Black Hole Molecules " In this paper, we consider the existence and asymptotic behavior on mass of the positive solutions to the following system: \begin{equation}\label{eqA0.1}\nonumber \begin{cases} -\Delta u+\lambda_1u=\mu_1u^3+\alpha_1|u|^{p-2}u+\beta v^2u\quad&\hbox{in}~\R^4,\\ -\Delta v+\lambda_2v=\mu_2v^3+\alpha_2|v|^{p-2}v+\beta u^2v\quad&\hbox{in}~\R^4,\\ \end{cases} \end{equation} under the mass constraint $$\int_{\R^4}u^2=a_1^2\quad\text{and}\quad\int_{\R^4}v^2=a_2^2,$$ where $a_1,a_2$ are prescribed, $\mu_1,\mu_2,\beta>0$; $\alpha_1,\alpha_2\in \R$, $p\!\in\! (2,4)$ and $\lambda_1,\lambda_2\!\in\!\R$ appear as Lagrange multipliers. Firstly, we establish a non-existence result for the repulsive interaction case, i.e., $\alpha_i<0(i=1,2)$. Then turning to the case of $\alpha_i>0 (i=1,2)$, if $2