hi everybody welcome to mentor and yet another video podcast is always hope you're doing absolutely fantastic today on the video guys we're gonna be talking about why aircraft fly as high as they do what happens if they fly higher than they're supposed to do and what is coffin corner we're also gonna be talking about how to deal with both low-speed stall at high altitude and high speed stall at high altitude so make sure you stay tuned right guys this video is brought to you in cooperation with brilliant at org now brilliant org is a smart way for you to stay smart if you are among the 500 first ones who clicks this link below you'll get 20% off their annual fee but it's completely free to check him out and I highly recommend that you do so right guys so you would probably at one time or not the one that why the aircrafts fly as high as they do and why don't they fly higher than they do why don't they fly lower than they do and that's always there are some good reasoning for that okay so basically speaking you have to understand a little bit about aerodynamics and we're gonna talk to that about that in a second but there are three good reasons for aircraft staying as high as to do the first one and the most obvious one is economics okay the higher we fly the more economic it becomes and the quicker we fly and that has to do with the density of the air the actual amount of air molecules that fly off the wings okay while we at low altitude let's say that we're flying at 250 knots at 5,000 feet for example that means that a certain amount of air molecules are flowing over the wings and into our pitot tubes also those little tubes that are in the front of the aircraft and on the back of the fin that measures how many molecules the aircraft is actually flying into okay now as we climb higher it becomes the density of the air becomes lower and lower and lower it's less and less air basically but the aircraft still needs to fly at the same more or less the same indicated airspeed that's because the aircraft needs that amount of air to flow over the wings in order for it to be able to produce as much lift it need to keep it from stalling all right but if you are going to need get the same amount of air of the wings when there's less air available it means you need to fly faster and that is exactly what's happening so while the indicated airspeed at 5,000 feet might be 250 notes at 37 or 38 thousand feet which is where we tend to fly the indicated airspeed what we see on our airspeed indicator is still going to be about 250 knots but the true airspeed which is what the airspeed is when you count the density into it is going to be closer to 450 so almost twice as fast as the indicated airspeed and this is for the same amount of fuel all right the engines are still going at the same kind of our rpm so this this will now give you an idea of why we climb as high as we do so we'll go twice as fast the same amount of fuel and obviously that would bring you from A to B much quicker this is the reason why by flying aircraft this among if not the fastest mode of transport out there at the moment right so that's number one number two is passenger comfort so jet airliners tends to want to fly between about 35,000 feet up to about 42,000 feet that tends to be where we are the weather that you see all the weather around you tends to stay between ground level up to about 35,000 feet all the the rain clouds the turbulence all of that would be in that region so if we can climb higher than that it means that we can avoid most of the turbulence means a smoother ride for you quicker right from you from A to B right so that's what's that there will be some storm clouds and stuff that can go higher than that and also the ones that we need to avoid which I mentioned in a previous episode about flying into the storm but most of the weather will be below us there's also a third reason which a lot of people don't think about and that is safety basically the higher you are the more potential energy you have the more options you have in case something would happen so for office pilots if we're up at 37,000 feet and something happens to our engines for example or to any other system it means that we have plenty of time to deal with that problem until we're forced to land so in a worst case scenario if we would for example lose both of our engines for whatever reason volcanic ash and then the the 737 is and all of the modern aircraft or excellent lighters they will not fall like a rock down they will actually glide at a ratio of about one to well between 1 to 15 to 1 to 20 so that means for 1 meter dropped we go 15 or 17 meters forward okay so that means that if you're flying over mainland Europe like I am if you lose an engine at 37,000 feet you will have Airport within range it will give you a good 60 70 nautical miles in which you can find an airport and actually glide in and land that right so you have three very very good reasons for flying that high but if that's so good and if it's so economic to fly high why don't we fly higher than now here is where your aerodynamic knowledge comes in all right so I've already mentioned that's the true airspeed will in the will increase as the density of the air decreases all right the indicated airspeed will stay potentially more or less the same now the stall speed will be the same in relation to your indicated airspeed with altitude but it will increase with true airspeed so this means that as we're climbing higher you'll get closer and closer to your to your potential low speed all right low speed stall another thing that limits us from climbing higher and what the first thing I should mention is that the the real reason what we can't climb much higher than we do is because the engines will not have enough oxygen to breed all right the engines needs an oxygen to mix up with fuel molecules to burn to produce the thrust they need and as the density of the air keeps decreasing we'll so does the thrust of the engine so does the power of the engines so as we're up to when we're down on the ground for example they're extremely powerful but when we're up at 38,000 39,000 feet they produce just enough thrust to maintain our altitude and to give us a climb of 500 feet per minute when the engines cannot produce a climb of 550 minutes for jet aircraft that's considered our maximum operating altitude so that's one thing but the other thing is that as the air sorry as the the altitude increase so the temperature outside will drop okay so while you might be at a nice 20 degrees outside when you're boarding the aircraft on the ground when we're up to our or optimum altitude at 38,000 feet the outside temperature might be minus 50 minus 55 or even lower than that and something that also lowers when the temperature lowers is the speed of sound okay so the speed of sound will be constantly decreasing as the temperature decreases now this the true airspeed stall speed will increase as the altitude increases as you can see at one point or another those two will meet and when they meet this is what we call the coffin corner the cue corner okay this is where even if an aircraft is actually at that altitude if you go slower so if you decelerate you're getting too low speed stall if you accelerate you're going too high speed stall and the reason you into high speed stall is because an aircraft has something called a critical Mach number this is the Mach number at which the certain part of the of the aircraft go into supersonic speed so typically we will be flying at Mach numbers of 0.7 eight seven seven seven eight something that's about seven to seven percent of the speed of sound if we start to accelerate beyond that and we go over our maximum our Maki cleat and let's say that's a point mac point 81 for example what happens then is that the air that's being accelerated over the wings in order to produce a lift since the aircraft is now flying at point 81 81 percent of speed of sound that accelerated air might actually go faster than speed of sound and that would create shockwaves now those shockwaves will create an enormous amount of drag at certain part of the aircraft and they will also have the aerodynamic effect of moving the center of pressure us in where the lift is being taken out and wing backwards and those two things combined is going to give some really really nasty effects on an aircraft that's designed for subsonic and transonic flight so we are not allowed to go past the mcribs because and we can't go past the mic rate if we will go into supersonic flight with 100 aircraft Wow with one of our aircraft we might actually break the aircraft apart okay so these are some two or two very distinctive barriers that we cannot cross and when we're up there just in between that when we have only a few knots to high speed stall and only a few knots to low spin stall that is the coffin corner so what do we do then let's say that we are up there and we would for whatever reason get into a low speed situation well first of all the aircraft will warn us all right and it shouldn't if we don't go over our maximum altitude and we tend to fly at our optimum altitude that's about 600 feet below our maximum altitude that the aircraft will not need it shouldn't start to decelerate but if we that say we're not monitoring our instruments we're reading a newspaper or something and the outer total would fail at a low trusts setting well then the aircraft might start decelerating now as the aircraft start decelerating the drag increases so the slower you go the more trust you're going to need in order to pull yourselves out of it this is also very nasty part of the aerodynamics the aircraft will start warning us so it will start sending out messages on our FMC Mac sorry Buffett Alert it will start showing a blinking speed in the crater in yellow saying that we are approaching we're going past our 1.3 G limit towards low-speed stall it will start saying it verbally you'll hear speed low speed low from the from the aircraft and then eventually if we reach our barbers poles which is where our actual stall speed is calculated to be the aircraft will start shaking the control column which is called a stick shaker at that point or even before that point we can start experiencing buffett this is where the aircraft part of the aircraft starting to stall and when that does you will start feeling something like very intense turbulence right here whatever comes first to those so either the stick shaker or the buffett we need to react with a stall escape maneuver right so it's very very important that every pilot that gets trained understands what a stall looked like and how to get out of it and the way to get out of it there's only one good thing to do and that is to decrease the angle of attack all the wings okay so as the speed has been decreasing the aircraft would have pitched up in order to maintain the altitude that means that the angle between the the the air and the wing is has increased okay that needs to decrease in order for the stall to disappear so we need to get the nose down by the way the accident would air france of the atlantic i think it's at 447 this is what they did not do all right they'd never they never understood that they were in a low-speed stall and then having lowered the nose which is why they ended up tight they did okay so this is how dramatic it can be so what we do then when we get these warnings is that we disconnect any automatics that we have we make sure that the nose goes forward well actually push the nose forward we lower any speed brake that might be out shouldn't be out of this this point anyway and we we roll the aircraft wings level if it was in a turn so as the nose is coming down we have that under control we might need to use trim in order to get you know get the forces that we need to get the nose down then we gently put trust on and the reason that we're not getting the full thrust on immediately is because remember the 737 has engines mounted under the wings so if we would add thrust the wings the engines would then push forward and you'll get an upwards pitch moment and that might negate the push forward because we have so little aerodynamic control at this point this is why we can only add trust gently as the nose has already been dropped and you see the speeds coming up trust in order to get more speed and once the speed is back up on the controllable in the controllable regime generally over 200 knots 210 knots somewhere then gently gently start leveling the aircraft off and then potentially start to regain your altitude and the reason that you have to be really gentle at these altitude is because any fast movement will get you into a secondary stall because of the G loading on the wings if you pull too fast the G loading will make the air separate in the wings again and once again being stick shakily you'll see the Barba's pods come shooting up from below you and then you have to redo the same thing again so very very gently pull it backwards until it's level thrust is back up to climb trust and then climb back up again so we always exchange altitude for speed in the case of a little speed store all right this is what you are going to have to do if you instead get into a high speed stall so let's say that we come and we fly over the Alps and you go from a very warm air mass into a very cold air mass the change in density might change the air speed rapidly or you encounter turbulence or you get into a jet stream which are rapidly changing wind increases the air speed for you when the like it's the first thing that you will notice is that the clock will tell you that you're cleaning a latrine and the overspeed condition okay there is margins built in to this all right so it's not like yours you are going to go through your critical Mach number immediately but there is some small margins in there what you need to do then is we need to keep the autopilot not a totally engaged the trust should come back to to respond to this because the trust is trying to govern outside of of the Mac so the maximum speed and you race partial speed break okay if it's needed very important to make sure that the trust doesn't go all the way back to idle because if you have high altitude the air density is so low that if the aircraft sorry if the engines actually decelerate back to full idle if you want to trust to come back up again it's gonna take up to almost a minute to get to trust back again and that might be enough time for the aircraft to go from a high speed to a low speed situation so trust comes back to maybe some mid point very gently raise the speed brakes up to not full but partial speed break and the reason you have to be once again really really gentle with this is that you're in a high speed situation now if you suddenly raise the spoilers on the wings the air is going to accelerate over those spoilers and you might get shock waves over the speed the spoilers and if you get a shock wave on one side but not the other the aircraft might just roll over so very carefully brace them see that the speed is coming back into the normal controllable regime make sure the trust is up then lower the speed brake at the same rate as you put them up very gently back in okay you can in some extreme scenario override the outer total servos to just increase the speed of which the aircraft solidly the engines are or slowing down but generally that should not be needed okay so this is how you handle either a low-speed stall or a high-speed scenario okay and I hope that makes sense to you um this by the way guys as you can see now we're talking about we've started to talk a little bit more about some fairly advanced aerodynamics here we're talking about through air speed we're talking about critical Mach number things like this this is why your knowledge of mathematics and physics is gonna be so important okay I'm not just saying that it's because you need to understand this and their formulas that you need to to calculate in order to find your magic written order to find your stall speed and things like that this is why I am so happy that brilliant is the sponsor of this episode because brilliant they will teach you exactly these kind of things all right I use it myself in order to keep myself sharp and the way that I do it is I go in I go in to their website I find the course that I think is interesting for example physics of every day it's one of my favorites I find there may be something about the Coriolis effect and if you don't know what the Coriolis effect is this is then this is definitely something for you then they will tell me a little bit about it some overview information they will start to giving me some nuts to crack some problem-solving to do and I will try to solve it if I make a if I solve it then they will give me something harder if I don't solve it if I answer incorrectly well then they will give me a reason why that's wrong how to think about it how to solve the problem I'll be able to solve it and then I'll go on so you'll get increasingly better in in a fun way in a way that doesn't feel like school right so I highly recommend you to check it out the 501st of you who does this is gonna get 20% off their annual fee but it's low to start with but it's completely free to check it out if you have more questions around these guys or how we deal with certain maneuvers and things like that feel free to send them in here make sure that you have both subscribed and that you have clicked the notification belt so you know when I'm doing live stream for example had a great live stream the other day on Sunday with loads and loads of questions that were clarified so check into that every Sunday whenever I'm not working at least have an absolutely fantastic day guys and I will see


[Applause] [Music] this video is brought to you by curiosity stream venom 2 is in trouble look I get that sounds click baby I really do but I also think it's a hundred percent true I didn't hate the first venom in fact I enjoyed just how weird and Goofy it was and I'm looking forward to seeing more of Tom Hardy's version of a character but here's the thing sequels are a risky proposition these days that may seem weird to say in an era where it feels like everything is a reboot or a sequel but just look at the box office these past few years outside the Disney machine especially for every John White 2 or 3 there's a Godzilla king of the monsters a secret life of pets - or a Dark Phoenix movies that regardless of how you feel about them fail to live up to expectations at the box office and that's not the only thing that venom 2 has going against it the first movie made a surprising amount of money sure but it's reception was less great critics seemed to absolutely hate it and while general audiences seemed a lot kinder I'd hardly call the movie beloved if anything the consensus seems to be it was like maybe okay and that's a problem look at Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland that movie's release actually has some similarities with Venom's critics weren't into it audiences kind of were but it was a smash hit then a sequel happened which became an embarrassing flop and that's far from the only example the Huntsman winters war and Ninja Turtles out of the shadows both show what can happen two sequels two movies that make a lot of money but aren't all that well liked I think this could easily happen to venom 2 as well but it doesn't have to so this week I want to go over a few ways I think the venom sequel could get over that sequel slump and win over some new fans in the process but obviously these are just my opinions I'd love to hear yours in the comments below too new trash brach excuse me your pictures of fate it's clear that Sony is looking to change things up going into the next venom film Ruben Fletcher the director of the first movie is out an Andy Serkis is in I'm perfectly fine with this but I'm also not beyond thrilled or anything Ruben Fletcher is far from a master visuals and the cinematography in venom is exactly the kind of bland uninspired stuff that I'm used to seeing from him in movies like 30 minutes or less but I did like the weird and honestly pretty unique comedic tone that the movie had even if so many of the other aspects of venom just fell flat on their face so I get wanting a big change behind the camera but Andy Serkis I don't know a lot of people online thought it was great news after all the guy is beloved as the actor who helped bring his golem and Caesar and I really like both those performances too but as a director I'm less sure about him circus has directed three movies and I'll admit that I've only seen one Mowgli legend of the jungle his jungle book movie that got tossed onto Netflix after being totally overshadowed by Disney's remake and as much as I'd like to side against Disney on this one I really thought Mowgli was a total mess pretty lifeless and dull in the worst way so all I've heard that one of his other movies the romance film breathe is a lot better I gotta say what I've seen from him just doesn't exactly inspire confidence still he has a real chance to change that with a venom - and probably a pretty sizable budget to do it with so I won't count him out but what should his version do to set itself apart from the previous film thankfully I think they have a couple things going for them here one is the post-credits scene of the first movie that introduces Woody Harrelson as carnage is the wig really bad and his one big line kind of obvious and clunky definitely but that doesn't mean there's still not a lot of potential here rethink the look of the character and give him a good script and I think Harrelson could kill it as cletus kasady this role is squarely in his wheelhouse and with the right material I think he could be up there with villains comic-book movies have to offer they're big It's Showtime freaks but what should that material look like well hopefully circus already has a strong vision for the movie in mind but if he doesn't I do know one place I think he should look see that's the other thing the film has going for it in the last year or so venom has seen a huge boost in popularity in the comics immense mostly thanks to Donnie Cates incredible run on venom seriously the book went from a second or third-tier title to one of Marvel's bestsellers sometimes beating out amazing spider-man itself and there's definitely a good reason for that they're just really good comics they deliver all the symbiote action readers would want from the title while also adding in a lot more character depth and cosmic horror than they might expect from bringing in new villains to reintroducing old ones Cates and artist Ryan Stegman have managed to create probably the most exciting solo title of the last few years and if I'm in charge of making venom 2 I'm definitely paying attention to that I really hope Sony and circus are too in fact on Twitter Cates himself has expressed interest in working on the film and even though he doesn't have much experience with the medium I think they should absolutely take him up on that because of venom 2 with a script that measures up to the recent comics would be a huge step up and look maybe the ship is sailed but I'd also really like to see spider-man in it and it doesn't even have to be Peter Parker spider-man early on in Kate's run he used Miles Morales really well and I'd love to see the movie try something similar and if they went that route they wouldn't really have to contend with the MCU connection at all since they've already disconnected Venom's origin from Peter Parker there's no reason they couldn't just use miles instead and they probably have a lot more freedom if they did including being able to tie it into spider-verse if they really wanted to another thing I really think they need to do to avoid a flop sequel is to change the entire look and tone of the franchise both in the movie itself and the marketing when the first thor ragnarok trailer hit it did one thing really really well communicate to everyone that this movie would be drastically different from the first two films and it worked almost instantly it felt like the bad taste left by the dark world was washed away and people seemed to legitimately excited for that movie this is what venom two needs and it needs it really badly in my opinion people need to walk away from the first teaser of this new movie knowing that it'll be a very different experience not just a straightforward sequel and with the inclusion of carnage I really think it would help to go with a bright red color palette the first movie is just so visually uninteresting both in the CG and in the color grading it just looks kind of wet so start from scratch build the movie around vibrant colors let circus do something completely different Sony's live-action films often look kind of low-rent but I think it'd be great if venom could follow spider versus example and go in the exact opposite direction now these are just a few basic ideas but I think they can go a long way to making venom a franchise to contend with something that can stand toe-to-toe with the best of the genre Tom Hardy and Woody Harrelson are actors that can deliver amazing work what they need is a screenplay that's worth their time and whatever it ends up being called I really hope circus and company managed to give them at least that in venom - one of my favorite aspects of Donnie Kate's run on the character has just been how crazy and cosmic it's been willing to get if that kind of stuff interests you you might want to check out Stephen Hawking's favorite places on curiosity stream this series is a deep dive into the work and ideas of the late genius Stephen Hawking I was completely hooked throughout all three episodes and that's really just an appetizer to all the great space documentaries that curiosity stream has to offer it's a streaming service from the founder of the Discovery Channel that has over 2,400 titles to choose from science history Tec you'll find that and a lot more ready to watch right away curiosity stream is available worldwide on a lot of devices and starts at only $2.99 a month but you can also get 30 days on the surface for free right now just by going to curiosity Stream comm slash captain midnite which you'll find a link to in the description and pend comment below new 1940 play patrol you'd better hurry up and join at once because there's a big adventure ahead the thing to do now is to get started because we're going to have not only barrels of fun but loads are free gifts


next
I
tell
me
okay
today
is
a
one-bedroom
Oh
like
an
all-purpose
grease
that
one
is
chick-fil-a
sauce
Oh
I
mean
I
have
this
automotive
fluid
yeah
well
tell
me
where
that
works
mechanics
yeah
yeah
brother
you're
on
the
please
put
on
YouTube
chain
what's
up
guys
a
quick
interruption
to
thank
the
sponsor
of
today's
video
and
that
is
amazed
amazed
giving
away
a
2020
torch
red
Corvette
c8v
51
this
is
a
fully
loaded
car
comes
with
the
z51
Performance
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that
means
you
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performance
exhaust
it
also
has
the
highest
level
interior
package
you
can
get
the
car
is
tricked
out
and
in
addition
to
that
it
comes
with
$20,000
cash
and
on
top
of
all
that
your
taxes
and
the
shipping
is
all
included
all
you
got
to
do
to
enter
to
win
this
c8
is
go
to
omae's
comm
slash
Cletus
McFarland
if
you
donate
ten
bucks
you're
entered
for
a
chance
to
win
this
car
but
on
top
of
that
your
funds
go
directly
to
helping
out
the
UCLA
Ronald
Reagan
Medical
Center
funding
their
ambulance
program
as
well
as
their
mobile
cardiac
and
respiratory
life-saving
services
donate
ten
bucks
you're
entered
to
win
a
2020
CA
Corvette
with
$20,000
cash
I
think
I've
use
it
to
put
some
twin
turbos
on
the
back
of
a
c8
add
a
little
extra
power
and
you're
helping
out
UCLA
Ronald
Reagan
Medical
Center
a
big
THANK
YOU
to
Lemay's
for
sponsoring
today's
video
all
you
gotta
do
guys
hit
amaze
comm
/
pls
MacFarlane
the
link
is
in
the
description
below
to
check
out
and
enter
for
a
chance
to
win
but
that's
it
let's
get
back
to
the
live
action
alright
guys
so
to
start
off
today's
video
we
are
going
to
challenge
the
man
James
himself
can
he
identified
call
automotive
fluids
with
100%
accuracy
that's
what
we're
gonna
find
out
today
so
we
have
this
tray
we're
gonna
put
a
different
type
of
fluid
in
each
one
we're
gonna
let
him
touch
it
and
smell
it
and
you
know
feel
the
consistency
and
see
if
while
blindfolded
the
man
can
accurately
identifies
all
right
contestant
number
one
come
on
down
what
are
we
doing
okay
so
say
now
this
blanket
we
have
nine
smells
that
are
all
car
related
and
we
want
you
to
identify
them
you're
allowed
to
there's
only
one
that
I
have
to
hold
up
and
let
you
smell
me
if
you
feel
I
don't
know
what
it
is
but
the
other
eight
you
can
lick
your
finger
in
move
around
all
right
so
the
first
one
I'm
gonna
hold
out
to
you
and
you're
gonna
smell
that
one
okay
it's
it's
tough
so
don't
don't
shout
the
first
thing
out
this
isn't
a
race
hold
it
you
only
use
two
fingers
like
like
that
be
careful
I'm
begging
you
get
that
smell
right
away
I
had
to
borrow
this
from
skip
what
a
dip
yeah
and
the
first
thing
here
okay
Oh
with
the
85
I'll
smell
it
it
doesn't
have
any
ethanol
I
didn't
smell
this
that's
e85
George
can
we
get
a
can
we
need
a
second
opinion
here
well
you
have
a
mole
get
on
it
might
be
a
MiG's
it
came
out
of
the
c7
so
it
is
pros
okay
or
anything
all
right
so
next
one
here
we
go
this
is
this
one's
tough
one
it's
definitely
one
of
the
tougher
ones
not
much
was
smell
to
him
the
power
steering
fluid
closed
yeah
that's
right
oh
by
the
field
all
right
that's
a
good
old
chick
boys
how's
your
lunch
this
one
should
be
a
cakewalk
oh
my
god
I
can
just
still
smell
the
chicken
smells
like
yeah
all
right
here
we
go
I
like
assembly
leave
or
something
hmm
I
mean
technically
I
guess
sorta
that's
what
it
smells
like
there's
assembly
loop
deep
yelling
one
more
attempt
I
don't
it
just
most
admittedly
do
some
engine
oil
is
it
that
breaking
oil
it's
breaking
oil
okay
that's
that
what's
wrong
here's
you've
got
two
more
pal
you're
doing
great
okay
well
which
one
should
I
do
it
first
to
buy
this
yeah
this
one
I
don't
want
the
other
one
to
overpower
him
oh
hey
do
you
get
that
that's
the
last
one
I
would
yeah
really
very
two
fingers
you're
gonna
want
to
feel
that
one
out
good
under
here
now
that's
a
hairpiece
yeah
same
thing
oh
yeah
I'm
a
single
one
that
was
like
way
out
there
oh
yeah
thank
you
for
coming
on
smell-a-vision
and
we're
looking
forward
to
having
you
back
next
time
the
next
up
is
Jeremy
this
is
a
control
smell
this
okay
all
right
we're
gonna
do
one
at
a
time
guys
uh
we
have
eight
items
okay
dip
your
finger
in
it
item
item
number
one
here
we
go
you're
gonna
start
with
that
it's
diff
dear
oil
head
I'm
sorry
brush
poo
here
can
you
grab
my
fresh
towel
to
him
that's
an
e85
right
there
oh
he
called
it
out
to
the
85
next
item
okay
today
there's
a
one-bedroom
oh
that's
like
an
all-purpose
grease
that
one
is
chick-fil-a
sauce
oh
I
might
have
to
use
the
different
finger
after
the
[Music]
yes
Wow
end
of
the
same
thing
it
doesn't
smell
like
cool
it
another
dip
[Music]
it
doesn't
smell
a
[ __ ]
I
would
have
guessed
transmission
it
doesn't
smell
like
it
at
all
well
you
might
have
a
lot
of
stuff
on
your
hand
no
it
doesn't
smell
like
granny
flute
at
all
very
much
huh
it
smells
like
a
burnt
engine
oil
right
there
yes
sir
well
it's
it's
breaking
engine
oil
it's
a
little
off
the
normal
taste
but
it
isn't
it
well
they
get
bonus
for
that
sure
[Music]
you
hardly
have
any
on
your
hand
the
fingers
oh
you
know
what
broken
pinky
don't
even
let
me
these
another
finger
it
smell
that's
a
got
a
feeling
this
one's
you
know
I
had
some
more
on
your
other
fingers
oh
my
gosh
it
rub
it
on
like
your
arm
and
then
smell
your
arm
so
y'all
completely
fresh
spot
oh
my
gosh
I
know
what
this
is
to
like
do
you
want
a
hint
click
any
seizures
oh
yeah
that's
pretty
I
don't
think
she
missed
any
Diddy
Oh
transmission
fluid
the
chick-fil-a
sauce
yeah
oh
you're
good
well
done
pretty
surprising
yeah
it's
not
easy
good
job
all
right
well
let's
get
to
work
last
night
we
ended
off
making
9:06
our
first
queen
whole
I'm
sure
Jeremy
had
to
put
the
car
on
a
a
tune
that
we
did
at
the
very
beginning
just
to
rule
out
the
breaking
up
issue
turns
out
we
think
the
breaking
up
wire
we
know
I
made
a
clean
bowl
so
see
what
it
does
Lynnae
to
clean
pull
right
off
the
bat
so
it's
hard
for
you
guys
to
hear
the
breaking
up
but
watch
the
nose
of
the
car
you'll
see
it
bust
around
a
little
bit
and
that's
how
you
know
it's
not
as
smooth
he's
kind
of
watch
out
over
here
if
you
see
the
straps
kind
of
bouncing
while
it's
under
power
that
means
the
car
is
breaking
up
I'm
35
at
the
very
tip-top
yeah
something
not
at
this
place
[Music]
well
it
was
almost
a
smooth
fully
smooth
pull
but
right
up
at
the
top
it
laid
down
held
held
its
longest
ever
and
then
you
see
that
red
line
I
pulled
that
like
65
he
didn't
felt
strong
but
I
was
rippin
but
I
mean
I
gotta
think
we're
not
gonna
reach
a
big
number
though
until
we
could
really
lay
it
down
yeah
it
needs
to
attack
again
I
mean
five
5,000
were
making
the
same
how
much
boost
is
a
that
is
bright
and
forth
alright
guys
so
on
this
one
we
tighten
up
our
blow-off
valve
it's
right
over
there
even
more
over
the
last
one
so
it
actually
picked
up
boost
I
think
that
might
be
part
of
our
boost
Lee
because
that
law
file
just
shutting
air
down
there
so
we
added
some
to
the
little
pensioner
little
set
screw
for
the
spring
in
there
and
Jeremy
added
a
degree
of
timing
I
haven't
picked
up
here
might
be
finally
onto
some
freakin
power
games
dolly
this
little
Pro
Chargers
picked
up
though
I
mean
it
was
making
like
740
foot-pounds
of
torque
for
like
barely
in
the
840
s
is
she's
freaking
ripping
out
935
[ __ ]
901
torque
be
solicitous
a
dead
dude
[Music]
[Music]
945
horsepower
climbing
and
climbing
yeah
but
how
much
more
any
boost
pickup
with
the
tightening
of
the
blue
let
me
check
I'm
gonna
probably
attribute
that
it
looks
about
the
same
we
hit
right
about
to
10
kPa
still
dropping
down
like
to
the
cheese
in
the
world
so
normally
guys
a
significant
supercharged
car
the
boost
climbs
and
climbs
and
climbs
supplies
the
faster
the
typical
supercharger
spins
with
rpm
we
round
this
problem
where
ours
is
climbing
and
then
starting
to
kind
of
drop
off
so
it
leads
us
to
think
that
we
have
boost
li
hua
valve
is
not
the
issue
anymore
we
did
a
boost
leak
check
on
the
intake
manifold
like
doddle
body
bag
it
was
it
seemed
fine
but
just
can't
seem
to
figure
out
what
we
got
going
on
alright
guys
so
we
have
booth
checked
her
boost
a
leak
check
everything
that
we
could
possibly
boost
leak
check
yeah
how
much
boost
cannabis
leak
check
for
Bruce
Lee
could
check
boost
we
got
a
we
got
a
couple
things
you
think
we
took
the
elbow
off
because
we're
thinking
maybe
there's
just
a
restriction
going
in
but
the
really
one
of
the
only
other
possibilities
would
be
that
the
the
intercooler
is
so
small
that
it's
restricting
a
because
this
is
the
OG
intercooler
that
was
on
the
600
horsepower
I
won
pro
charger
setup
when
I
you
know
first
boosted
this
car
so
I
never
thought
about
that
but
I
know
well
essentially
this
this
pro
charger
should
be
making
we
should
be
making
a
thousand
right
now
right
I
mean
theoretically
with
the
engine
size
and
all
that
and
it's
like
it's
like
our
boost
isn't
making
it
to
the
engine
somehow
we
can't
find
any
leaks
we
can't
find
any
other
restrictions
besides
maybe
the
intercooler
so
we
just
don't
know
so
after
realizing
that
our
intercooler
might
be
the
issue
I
called
pro
charger
turns
out
the
intercooler
on
the
car
is
rated
for
about
a
thousand
crank
horsepower
which
we're
making
960
wheel
horsepower
so
at
the
crank
for
maybe
making
eleven
eleven
fifty
we
have
blown
past
the
rating
for
this
intercooler
and
we're
almost
90
percent
positive
at
this
point
that
the
intercooler
is
the
restriction
good
news
is
guys
I
called
cro
charger
they
do
have
an
intercooler
that's
set
up
for
1500
horsepower
and
we
will
be
slapping
that
on
the
car
probably
next
week
we're
gonna
make
some
power
come
on
you
little
freedom
unit
[Applause]
oh
yeah
969
Oh
Hey
Wow
hard-fought
games
I
know
[Music]
we
got
to
figure
out
our
issues
on
our
end
that
looks
like
okay
but
I
mean
like
this
often
grates
already
nine
hundred
pound
feet
of
torque
is
not
a
lose
no
at
all
that's
pretty
spicy
yeah
even
though
it's
not
the
power
you
want
to
see
the
torque
isn't
thing
I
and
I
thought
at
like
a
thousand
it
did
make
that
sort
but
it
seems
like
it's
just
and
it
probably
see
how
yeah
I
don't
know
the
torque
will
go
that
much
higher
905
out
stork
is
gonna
be
hard
to
control
in
this
setup
yeah
needs
a
bigger
tire
I
think
you're
definitely
gonna
need
it
you're
gonna
need
a
level
of
uh
tire
well
is
it
good
to
drive
trying
to
get
home
yeah
if
you
do
a
little
clean
it
up
real
quick
I
see
a
good
work
at
least
at
least
we
have
a
good
baseline
and
we'll
figure
out
our
issues
with
airflow
why
we're
not
getting
the
air
to
the
engine
I
know
we
should
go
back
what
we
should
put
the
filter
back
on
and
just
check
it
one
more
time
and
see
where
loose
okay
because
we
that's
the
way
you're
gonna
drive
it
right
no
okay
let's
do
that
and
then
that'll
line
that
off
it
sounds
good
so
guys
what
we've
done
is
this
is
the
last
poll
of
today's
we
put
this
set
up
on
which
is
gonna
be
Howard
Street
driven
we
got
a
turbo
guard
we
got
the
intake
pipe
to
get
it
away
from
the
radiator
and
we
ready
to
rip
see
how
much
power
we're
leaving
on
the
table
go
ahead
oh
my
goodness
I
don't
I'm
not
surprised
[Applause]
[Music]
20
ordinary
so
may
960
without
the
filter
940
with
it
and
then
15
foot-pounds
tort
law
let's
see
[ __ ]
it's
a
turbo
guards
outside
a
filter
like
the
elbow
it's
the
elbow
at
the
third
row
garden
okay
not
bad
though
alright
guys
well
one
issue
after
the
next
round
here
we
we
got
the
break-up
issue
solved
now
we're
on
to
a
boost
drop
issue
so
it's
not
to
say
916
horsepower
905
about
story
is
a
bad
thing
but
the
cars
gonna
be
making
more
than
that
very
soon
we're
gonna
find
out
why
it
isn't
right
now
but
until
the
morning
for
us
so
guys
thanks
for
watching
today's
video
I
want
to
give
one
last
shout
out
to
our
sponsor
and
that
is
omae's
don't
forget
to
check
out
amazed
calm
/
please
McFarland
check
out
the
chance
to
win
at
20:20
CA
Corvette
but
that
did
for
now
thanks
for
watching
do
it
for
Dale
will
freaking
see
you
later


welcome
to
still
entitled
the
Adam
Savage
project
I'm
well
I'm
Adam
and
I'm
norm
I
know
I
was
gonna
say
this
hundreds
of
times
I
would
have
probably
suggested
something
a
little
bit
easier
to
say
no
really
it's
a
nice
welcome
back
doing
pretty
good
where
have
we
been
Norma's
in
Hope
norm
went
to
normally
to
the
edge
of
the
gallery
what's
about
to
but
if
that's
right
it's
about
the
planet
he
animates
the
planet
back
to
in
the
outer
rim
or
the
influence
of
the
first
order
has
not
yet
spread
I
see
so
yes
this
whole
past
week
I
was
in
Orlando
Florida
okay
and
a
actually
wonderful
weather
I
knew
it
yeah
no
I
was
in
DC
on
Tuesday
it
was
60
degrees
yeah
toast
is
doing
always
very
windy
in
San
Francisco
coming
in
though
yeah
yesterday
morning
coming
back
from
coffee
heading
north
on
Valencia
I
had
trouble
moving
forward
on
the
one-wheel
because
of
the
strength
of
the
wind
our
power
went
out
because
of
the
wind
in
Pacifica
never
happened
really
mean
usually
they
turn
off
because
they're
afraid
of
the
BG
needs
good
yeah
but
in
this
case
but
this
time
it
was
just
the
wind
blew
up
a
tree
over
power
line
Wow
yeah
but
in
Orlando
they
are
known
for
their
attractions
and
there
are
theme
parks
there
feme
parks
and
there
is
Walt
Disney
World
so
that's
where
I
spent
all
five
days
last
week
visiting
the
four
parks
of
Disney
world
including
Hollywood
studios
which
now
has
galaxy's
edge
Wow
Star
Wars
land
how
would
studios
is
one
of
the
parks
the
four
parks
is
there
used
to
be
it
is
what
our
tour
is
still
used
to
be
called
MGM
studios
right
or
no
well
what
studios
was
is
the
movie
theme
movie
centric
theme
park
in
Walt
Disney
World
that
has
a
Tower
of
Terror
it
has
Muppets
Muppets
I
believe
are
there
as
well
a
lot
of
incredible
stuff
Toy
Story
land
yeah
it's
pretty
good
and
galaxy's
edge
and
that's
if
you're
curious
about
it
is
every
bit
as
amazing
as
everyone
who's
gone
is
have
you
not
been
yet
I've
been
someone
in
LA
you
know
what
they're
almost
exactly
the
same
really
are
they
almost
identical
will
say
that
the
LA
one
for
so
even
though
there's
less
square
footage
in
Disneyland
but
yeah
like
they
basically
took
a
parking
lot
outside
Disneyland
and
turned
it
into
galaxy's
edge
because
wraps
around
the
top
of
the
park
it
feels
a
little
bit
more
expansive
I
think
they
got
stretched
it
out
a
little
bit
more
in
LA
but
they're
both
amazing
I
have
a
business
taking
to
Orlando
in
the
next
couple
of
months
and
I'm
certainly
planning
yeah
to
head
over
to
I
got
to
go
do
it
I
bet
I
can
well
you
could
also
do
the
big
hotel
thing
they're
opening
up
in
like
two
years
hear
about
this
no
beer
because
they
have
so
much
space
come
on
Kai
pitch
this
okay
you
can
pitch
it
norm
Adam
how
do
you
like
cruises
cruiser
sure
about
the
boat
that's
just
like
not
being
on
a
boat
what
if
you
were
a
cruise
in
outer
space
what
without
ever
leaving
your
hotel
they're
building
out
a
hotel
in
the
Walt
Disney
World
compound
sorry
to
watch
that
HBO
show
with
Hugh
Laurie
and
I
just
couldn't
get
into
it
oh
it's
from
the
crater
of
veep
III
clearly
it
was
from
the
creator
of
veep
and
there's
a
lot
of
that
same
kind
of
humor
but
it
wasn't
it
just
didn't
quite
I'm
gonna
give
it
more
time
you
know
to
give
it
a
few
more
episodes
because
I
love
Hugh
Laurie
I
love
Josh
GAD
I
love
everyone
in
the
cast
pit
board
and
the
kids
love
Josh
GAD
do
they
I
mean
but
even
better
highest-grossing
animated
film
of
all
time
really
frozen
I
believe
it
does
he
does
not
count
Lion
King
as
an
animated
film
the
new
one
a
new
one
they
count
the
new
one
as
decidedly
animated
my
daughter
recognized
Josh
God's
voice
as
Olaf
while
she
was
sitting
on
her
iPad
doing
something
else
while
they
got
me
Awards
Arnold
sick
daddy
said
oh
wow
Wow
hey
weekend
reward
for
last
night
yeah
um
aside
from
them
being
I
think
from
a
watching
standpoint
the
most
boring
and
least
interesting
all
League
they
are
really
all
dictate
absolutely
we're
talking
about
small
increments
here
but
I
found
last
night's
to
be
surpassingly
boring
I
I
was
really
like
I
just
didn't
care
I
enjoyed
Chris
Rock
and
Steve
Martin
making
some
jokes
up
at
the
front
but
some
of
the
speeches
were
wonderful
and
I
am
very
happy
with
a
lot
of
the
winners
last
night
actually
but
I
found
the
actual
broadcast
itself
you
know
what
it
needs
it
needs
a
host
it
needs
someone
with
a
point
of
view
like
the
the
Maya
Rudolph
Kristen
Wiig
segment
was
really
and
really
really
funny
but
went
on
like
also
some
part
of
Twitter
that
I
was
intersecting
with
this
morning
was
really
upset
about
that
whole
bit
about
how
they
were
somehow
insulting
people
in
film
and
I'm
like
no
they're
making
fun
of
people
not
knowing
how
come
on
let's
sit
let's
have
a
joke
about
some
meta-analysis
here
well
I
mean
they
did
the
same
thing
later
with
the
deep
when
will
ferrell
and
i
camera
who
he's
out
with
did
the
DP
nomination
right
like
like
we're
like
right
that
that
was
will
ferrell
and
under
student
it
wasn't
kristen
wiig
no
I
don't
I
didn't
see
it
I
was
on
an
airplane
Oh
anyway
sorry
I
was
mixing
up
the
Maya
Rudolph
Kristen
Wiig
and
will
fair
Maya
Rudolph
Kristen
Wiig
one
was
hey
we
can
act
and
we're
not
coming
out
was
that
was
a
really
really
amazing
all
right
and
the
Will
Ferrell
did
the
one
of
like
the
cinematographers
get
you
the
coffee
in
the
morning
that
that
kind
yeah
yeah
funny
and
like
the
thing
I
landed
on
is
like
everybody
who
cares
knows
what
the
cinematographer
does
if
they
had
done
that
for
like
sound
editing
and
sound
mixing
then
it
would
have
been
a
bad
joke
yeah
but
I
thought
it
was
okay
for
like
everybody
knows
that
the
DP
is
the
is
like
responsive
yeah
again
Congrats
Deakins
Academy
Award
my
wife
had
not
seen
him
win
a
couple
of
years
ago
and
she
was
like
who
is
Austin
Powers
here
and
I'm
like
yeah
Roger
Deakins
has
all
the
confidence
and
charisma
he's
Charlie
there
wasn't
a
podium
but
if
there
was
he
would
have
put
an
elbow
on
leaned
on
it
while
chatting
about
yeah
I
thought
the
winners
were
I
thought
they
did
a
reasonably
good
job
like
I
wasn't
up
I
wasn't
filled
with
the
rage
about
any
of
the
categories
we
should
shout
out
to
Little
Women
for
not
netting
I
did
Little
Women
won
best
costume
yes
it's
a
period
work
but
like
honestly
Best
Adapted
Screenplay
I
love
tyka
won
I'm
so
happy
about
that
I
thought
that
little
women
got
a
little
short
shrift
cuz
I
loved
it
not
even
nominated
for
Best
Director
yeah
I
know
we
just
totally
messed
up
this
Greta
Gerwig
will
win
and
at
some
point
yes
I
think
that's
pretty
clear
yes
but
holy
[ __ ]
yeah
you're
right
norm
norm
the
Academy
tweeted
out
and
its
own
predictions
and
they
were
right
is
gonna
win
both
of
more
this
is
it
was
a
such
a
bad
thing
that
happened
on
Twitter
as
a
week
ago
the
Academy
opened
up
this
whole
forum
they
could
fit
on
online
for
your
predictions
and
it
generates
a
little
scorecard
for
like
what
you
think
yeah
for
your
for
your
bingo
neck
yeah
and
somehow
one
of
the
submissions
someone
else
put
in
or
so
they
say
was
tweeted
out
as
by
the
Academy
by
the
Academy
Twitter
account
as
my
Oscar
predictions
so
the
Academy's
Oscar
predictions
were
tweeted
out
with
parasite
as
Best
Picture
and
people
were
freaking
out
yeah
um
that's
I
mean
I
don't
envy
the
poor
soul
at
the
academy
who
had
to
manage
the
aftermath
of
this
yeah
but
that's
freaking
hilarious
yes
that
was
definitely
their
worst
day
yeah
but
that's
really
fun
probably
the
accountants
are
handling
like
the
presumably
nobody
at
the
account
Academy
knows
now
no
one
at
the
academy
no
it's
it's
handled
by
whatever
oh
it's
not
no
they
sacked
them
after
the
Warren
Beatty
after
they
given
the
executives
but
not
price
water
house
he
was
gone
after
that
I
don't
know
I
could
be
wrong
could
be
accounting
talking
yeah
exactly
only
imagine
what
a
train
wreck
Roger
Sterling
run
anyway
parasite
her
psyche
dude
movies
you
know
I
think
it
is
so
well
deserved
for
that
movie
to
win
everything
that
it
won
and
more
it
what
I
mean
he
talked
about
it
just
last
week
but
a
holy
[ __ ]
what
a
what
a
thrilling
ride
I
have
never
watched
a
movie
in
which
I
was
so
thrilled
by
the
plot
and
what
the
characters
would
do
it
has
some
of
the
most
efficient
character
building
I've
ever
seen
in
a
movie
because
I
kind
of
like
I'm
on
board
with
everyone
immediately
as
soon
as
you
meet
them
they're
doing
incredible
storytelling
and
when
we
know
the
the
whole
Oscar
race
is
political
in
the
sense
that
there's
a
being
and
there's
relationship
building
and
it
is
voters
in
the
Academy
which
they
select
the
members
of
the
Academy
know
that
there's
problematic
things
going
on
that
people
don't
watch
all
the
movies
and
they
but
there
this
seems
to
be
a
win
where
no
one
was
outraged
everyone
felt
like
everyone
felt
like
it
deserved
to
win
that's
true
oh
sorry
um
I
didn't
mean
to
yawn
on
camera
I
hope
I
didn't
make
you
yawn
yawning
is
contagious
if
you're
joining
right
now
I
apologize
now
how
much
you
people
are
yawning
for
the
time
out
of
time
with
major
yawn
I
did
it
I
used
the
force
yes
the
outrage
for
this
Oscars
happened
when
the
nominations
were
announced
mmm
because
of
the
Oscars
so
white
yeah
which
girl
ends
up
in
a
real
problem
Adam
um
however
yes
I
think
there
was
a
lot
of
well-deserved
Awards
I
thought
the
the
score
the
woman
who
won
for
Best
Score
was
for
Joker
for
Joker
I
again
still
haven't
seen
that
movie
I
know
I
need
to
see
it
but
I
thought
her
speech
was
adorable
and
the
degree
to
which
she
was
surprised
and
delighted
was
infectious
no
he's
making
dinner
during
that
one
unfortunately
the
thing
I
loved
was
that
when
every
time
bong
joon-ho
came
up
to
accept
an
award
he
clearly
was
thinking
oh
this
is
the
last
time
I'm
gonna
be
up
here
tonight
and
and
like
each
time
was
surprised
and
it
was
it
was
so
it
was
so
nice
cuz
he's
been
making
movies
for
what
15
years
now
yeah
like
a
long
time
and
you
can
watch
them
on
Netflix
snowpiercer
oak
show
which
netflix
paid
for
and
all
worth
watching
memories
of
murder
memories
of
murder
is
the
one
I've
been
seeing
on
Twitter
today
that
a
lot
of
people
are
tweeting
if
you
liked
parasites
see
memories
of
murder
and
so
that's
next
on
my
list
well
there
I
think
the
best
part
about
this
Paris
the
parasite
winning
isn't
just
about
you
know
gets
the
recognition
he
is
but
also
the
South
Korean
film
industry
as
a
whole
because
there
are
so
many
amazing
South
Korean
films
out
there
and
Twitter
this
morning
is
a
whole
education
at
South
Korean
cinema
including
the
fact
that
South
Koreans
seem
to
really
enjoy
films
that
bend
and
break
Shan
rus'
boundaries
all
over
the
place
so
that
they
have
like
horror
comedy
police
procedurals
and
all
sorts
of
like
this
sent
out
right
so
I
have
this
list
that
I
gathered
from
Twitter
just
while
surfing
this
morning
of
a
bunch
of
stuff
to
check
out
mother
old
boy
I
saw
the
devil
the
good
the
bad
the
weird
the
good
man
that
was
a
title
that
came
across
that
is
so
good
is
it
so
good
yeah
I
mean
I
assume
that
right
now
throughout
Hollywood
there
are
executive
assistants
and
associate
producers
collecting
all
the
Korean
movies
that
they
can
watch
as
quickly
as
far
as
how
quickly
they
remake
not
just
to
redistribute
right
and
then
they'll
be
so
like
two
years
from
now
there'll
be
some
amazing
ones
and
then
there'll
be
some
real
bottom-feeders
it's
good
as
your
fast
followers
are
gonna
be
ugly
yeah
on
lifetime
this
week
Brad
Pitt
won
Best
Supporting
male
Android
you
have
to
do
yeah
I
did
it
was
lovely
like
hey
I
can't
thanks
to
Ridley
and
Geena
Davis
for
giving
me
a
shot
me
that
actually
got
me
teared
up
well
the
thing
that
was
really
beautiful
hey
what's
that
for
that
moment
yeah
because
really
that
was
such
a
breakout
moment
for
him
and
so
well
carried
and
still
like
I
just
watched
someone
though
he's
a
couple
years
ago
and
it
holds
the
hell
up
well
and
and
like
I
was
thinking
I
was
talking
that
this
was
Jeana
after
we
were
watching
the
show
I
was
like
I
think
Brad
Pitt
is
the
first
actor
that
I
like
went
and
saw
a
movie
in
the
theater
for
the
first
thing
I
was
like
oh
that
guy
was
the
guy
that
was
in
one
scene
that
could
have
just
been
the
pretty
boy
and
you
would
have
never
thought
about
again
was
actually
really
good
yeah
and
then
you
know
who
knew
that's
what
I
remember
hearing
a
conversation
that
Brad
Pitt
Matt
Damon
had
while
on
the
set
of
Ocean's
eleven
and
I
think
it
was
that
one
of
the
Bourne
movies
was
coming
out
something
was
coming
out
that
Damon
was
the
head
lead
face
of
the
franchise
and
he
said
he
was
nervous
about
it
and
Brad
Pitt
goes
uh-uh
try
taking
down
a
studio
which
apparently
legend
when
legend
says
default
tanked
it
took
the
studio
that
made
it
with
it
Wow
yeah
you
know
and
then
he
did
Fight
Club
and
everything
was
alright
dude
I
mean
look
you
know
I'm
a
huge
fan
of
Brad
Pitt's
I
know
a
lot
of
people
that
have
worked
with
him
in
LA
over
the
years
and
what
I've
heard
from
almost
every
one
of
them
is
you
may
not
love
his
acting
in
every
film
but
like
Tom
Cruise
you've
rarely
worked
with
anyone
who
busts
are
asked
more
to
make
a
thing
good
that
he
is
a
tremendous
acting
partner
and
super
generous
with
his
time
and
his
energy
and
that
that
speaks
a
lot
of
good
to
a
person
for
me
especially
somebody
who's
been
working
for
that
long
and
and
it's
fun
funny
like
he's
the
best
part
of
both
ad
astra
and
he's
my
favorite
part
of
what's
Upon
a
Time
in
Hollywood
right
like
I
think
that
he
gives
them
the
nuanced
performance
that
carries
both
of
those
films
to
the
degree
that
I
liked
them
and
I
had
problems
with
both
of
those
movies
but
I
thought
he
was
stellar
in
each
you
guys
should
know
it's
the
watch
1917
I'm
dying
to
see
1917
it's
one
film
I
haven't
gotten
a
screener
for
you
know
and
if
it's
still
in
theaters
find
an
opportunity
why
I
want
to
I
would
written
happy
if
that
film
won
as
well
it
feels
like
a
weird
year
for
a
war
movie
to
win
I
don't
know
it's
not
exactly
a
war
movie
but
that's
a
war
movie
yeah
it's
a
war
movie
I
mean
it
did
win
for
best
photography
yeah
yeah
and
I
think
it
could
have
won
for
editing
too
because
that
that's
a
film
where
editors
like
oh
that's
a
nice
hidden
listen
to
where
they
interviewed
the
editor
and
that
that's
exactly
the
number
one
question
what
did
the
editor
do
on
1917
and
they
had
to
construct
the
film
linearly
as
they
shot
it
because
they
had
to
make
the
choices
of
those
what
are
50
something
tape
they
shot
it
completely
in
order
as
much
as
they
could
so
that
they
would
they
take
they
chose
from
end
of
the
shooting
day
is
what
they
led
with
to
roll
into
the
next
next
take
the
next
scene
but
next
shot
and
then
they
still
say
the
time
line
is
has
way
more
edits
than
you
would
assume
really
hidden
in
yeah
I'm
super
psyched
about
um
take
away
TD
like
holy
cow
like
I
you
and
a
couple
of
friends
mine
had
recommended
that
I
watch
hunt
for
the
wilderness
is
this
how
is
this
movie
how
is
this
person
not
just
making
as
many
movies
as
humanly
possible
right
that's
a
different
voice
and
something
completely
unexpected
but
we
believe
in
the
shadows
yeah
mm-hmm
and
Thor
Ragnarok
honestly
Thor
Ragnarok
still
is
the
number
one
watch
Marvel
movie
in
my
house
yeah
yeah
before
we
continue
on
with
the
show
I
won't
let
you
know
that
support
for
still
entitled
comes
this
week
from
Microsoft
Surface
introducing
the
new
Microsoft
Surface
laptop
three
with
its
beautiful
touch
screen
you'll
experience
stunning
graphics
with
razor-sharp
resolution
now
available
with
a
13
and
1/2
or
15
inch
screen
and
with
the
latest
processors
there's
no
project
the
surface
laptop
can't
handle
it's
both
light
and
powerful
so
you
can
get
more
done
on
the
go
visit
surface
comm
slash
laptop
3
to
learn
more
that's
surface
comm
slash
laptop
3
now
back
to
the
show
while
I
was
gone
that
last
week
you
guys
did
a
recording
of
the
first
episode
of
your
book
club
and
the
video
out
you
can
watch
right
now
on
this
channel
but
uh
don't
tell
me
about
that
interact
was
Matt
well
so
Matt
Parker
of
numberphile
Fame
and
also
stand
up
maths
fame
is
a
mathematician
enthusiast
who's
written
a
wonderful
book
that's
been
out
in
the
UK
for
a
while
called
humble
pie
P
I
and
it's
just
been
released
in
the
US
it's
the
first
it's
the
first
book
of
my
book
club
and
it's
a
terrific
book
it's
it's
basically
how
maths
can
go
wrong
in
the
real
so
it
starts
with
those
like
the
decimal
point
that
screwed
a
NASA
mission
beagle
and
goes
to
all
these
amazing
stories
of
tiny
little
ways
in
which
you
know
the
counting
by
zero
error
can
lead
to
amazing
unintended
consequences
and
it's
terrific
and
matt
is
a
wonderful
ambassador
for
the
landscape
that
is
mathematics
because
any
one
of
us
who
was
raised
in
a
public
school
system
was
raised
to
believe
that
math
is
this
grueling
slog
to
suffer
through
while
you're
trying
not
to
fall
asleep
and
that
it
is
this
intense
acreage
of
facts
to
memorize
by
the
test
on
Tuesday
and
what
number
file
and
people
like
Matt
Parker
Brady
Haran
and
others
have
taught
me
is
that
mathematics
is
this
amazing
field
of
knowledge
in
which
there
are
tons
of
mysteries
and
that
just
calculating
PI
figuring
out
new
and
different
ways
to
calculate
PI
can
unpack
the
most
bizarre
things
you've
ever
imagined
like
throwing
needles
at
a
grid
is
one
way
to
calculate
pi
really
yeah
yep
take
parallel
lines
okay
that
are
one
inch
apart
yeah
hmm
now
take
a
bunch
of
one-inch
long
needles
and
throw
them
at
this
grid
of
parallel
lines
that
are
one
inch
apart
and
the
percentage
between
the
needles
that
are
touching
the
lines
and
the
needles
that
aren't
will
slowly
get
to
the
value
of
pi
why
because
the
simulations
broken
and
no
it's
actually
because
of
if
you
think
about
each
of
those
needles
describing
a
radius
from
one
edge
to
its
completion
yeah
the
ways
in
which
those
radii
intersect
with
the
parallel
lines
describes
a
sine
curve
eventually
over
time
as
you
count
moister
people
the
simulation
you
can
tell
me
this
all
you
want
but
so
it
was
delightful
I
Matt
Matt
has
become
a
pal
and
we
had
Brady
Haran
on
the
podcast
just
a
few
weeks
ago
and
I
I
love
look
I'm
a
cereal
enthusiast
so
I
love
when
someone
is
able
to
show
me
the
depth
of
why
something's
even
more
interesting
than
I
thought
it
was
right
when
we
find
out
something
like
oh
did
you
know
the
drive
shaft
of
ships
is
a
really
weird
science
that
no
one
understands
that
you
know
is
way
deeper
than
you
thought
like
take
me
there
and
numberphile
in
mathematics
has
been
that
for
the
last
couple
of
years
and
like
I've
sat
on
this
one
the
podcast
before
but
my
wife
has
actually
leaned
over
to
me
while
we're
surf
and
clothes
surfing
and
watching
stuff
in
bed
together
she's
watching
something
I'm
watching
something
she'll
turn
around
to
me
and
go
are
you
actually
getting
choked
up
about
what
looks
like
a
geometry
video
and
I'm
like
guys
she's
really
beautiful
and
that
wasn't
last
thing
that
you
guys
did
together
so
there
will
be
more
to
come
oh
wait
there's
more
there
will
be
more
to
come
on
the
site
use
it
the
way
just
a
little
bit
huh
hey
is
it
oh
I
guess
I
got
a
spam
call
from
Pennsylvania
oh
I
think
I
solve
that
problem
sorry
I
touched
it
it
was
vibrating
at
night
this
is
a
video
that
will
be
releasing
eventually
but
you
do
projects
over
the
weekend
and
there
was
a
project
you
did
over
this
weekend
well
this
weekend
yeah
you
tell
us
a
lot
about
that
well
I
want
to
not
give
away
okay
so
there
is
an
entire
class
of
objects
that
I
make
and
I've
only
just
realized
the
degree
to
let's
see
look
what
I
have
an
object
that
I
really
love
I
sometimes
make
a
case
for
that
object
it
was
in
fact
the
very
first
of
all
the
one
day
bill
yeah
the
case
I
made
for
the
Blade
Runner
blaster
that
was
not
the
that
was
not
the
first
case
I
made
for
an
object
I
loved
but
it
started
me
on
a
path
of
really
workshopping
these
cases
until
they
felt
like
they
were
part
of
the
universe
that
I
wanted
the
object
to
take
me
to
the
microscope
case
a
microscope
in
case
frankly
the
Winston
case
the
Chewbacca
mask
case
which
I
don't
know
that
I've
ever
actually
done
a
show
until
I
don't
think
we
have
so
we're
gonna
do
some
show-and-tell
soon
of
these
cases
because
I
realize
I
have
an
entire
art
show
here
called
vessel
which
is
when
I
love
something
like
this
Chewbacca
masks
that
tom
subpoena
and
his
craftspeople
made
that
is
crazy
accurate
I
made
a
case
that
displays
it
in
the
way
that
I
feel
befits
its
import
to
me
but
also
the
case
feels
like
it's
part
of
the
Star
Wars
universe
and
I
designed
it
that
way
feels
like
maybe
an
empire
guy
might
display
oh
I
know
I
realize
it's
almost
a
trophy
case
and
that
out
again
I'm
sorry
we're
describing
this
in
the
abstract
we
will
do
a
show-and-tell
video
we'll
shoot
it
today
of
this
case
so
it
goes
up
soon
but
what
I
did
over
the
weekend
is
I
came
in
and
made
a
case
for
a
costume
I'm
wearing
very
soon
and
this
was
a
so
I'll
do
it
like
this
I'll
have
this
costume
this
was
a
commission
that
came
in
and
will
yes
very
soon
but
the
costume
is
beautiful
and
it's
not
just
beautiful
and
it
doesn't
just
look
like
the
one
from
the
film
but
it
feels
substantively
great
and
so
I
kept
on
thinking
it's
a
superhero
costume
and
I
kept
on
thinking
well
what
would
the
superhero
store
their
constant
their
costume
in
like
that's
a
genuine
question
you
never
see
the
case
we
like
you
see
the
comedian's
closet
and
Watchmen
but
you
don't
yeah
and
you
see
where
it's
stored
where's
costume
stored
and
we
know
Tony
Starks
is
stored
in
nanotechnology
that
ignores
the
conservation
of
mass
but
that's
fine
but
or
poor
in
the
Hall
of
armors
yeah
the
whole
of
arm
is
yes
but
as
far
as
like
I
am
traveling
I'm
Scott
Lang
where
does
ant-man
so
what
is
what
is
the
case
that
ant-man
suit
goes
I
think
Scott
Lang
just
wears
that
underneath
his
normal
clothes
because
he's
a
dork
but
that's
a
fun
brief
for
any
prop
designer
yeah
so
on
this
particular
costume
was
the
longest
I've
ever
spent
trying
to
figure
out
what
the
case
should
look
like
and
eventually
I
found
an
old
shipping
case
that
that
field
felt
right
and
then
I
had
the
costume
in
there
for
a
while
and
then
I
had
a
better
idea
about
this
case
so
I
modified
it
and
again
will
shoot
this
show
tell
about
it
go
up
at
the
end
of
the
month
you'll
get
to
see
what
I'm
talking
about
but
this
is
a
long
way
of
saying
that
we
realized
in
the
tested
morning
Monday
morning
meeting
this
morning
that
I
come
in
and
do
a
lot
of
stuff
on
the
weekends
just
like
if
I
have
a
few
hours
and
we
rarely
talk
about
it
on
the
cast
because
or
on
the
channel
because
I
don't
cover
it
well
lately
I've
been
shooting
more
time
lapses
and
we'll
do
some
more
I
guess
they're
kind
of
they're
not
quite
one
day
builds
but
they're
slightly
more
than
show
and
tells
and
you
get
to
see
what
I
do
on
a
random
Sunday
mmm
was
that
a
little
too
much
not
for
about
her
Fathoms
random
Sunday
coming
soon
a
RS
for
you
yeah
it
was
a
good
it
was
a
nice
weekend
it
was
quiet
and
the
wind
was
freakin
crazy
yesterday
in
San
Francisco
yeah
what
is
up
with
that
do
you
have
like
trees
blowdown
we
had
how
our
power
went
out
your
bat
went
out
it
was
it
that
just
to
be
clear
in
Northern
California
the
Power
has
gone
out
at
my
house
maybe
three
times
in
ten
years
and
two
of
them
were
when
BGE
turned
off
the
power
because
they
were
afraid
they
were
gonna
burn
down
the
state
yeah
so
still
didn't
help
them
not
further
than
us
to
not
burn
down
the
state
but
look
that's
a
whole
other
that's
a
politics
podcast
another
day
yeah
it
was
it
was
really
it
was
like
we
were
to
go
for
a
bike
ride
and
we
turned
got
out
and
we're
like
no
I'm
no
it's
too
windy
yeah
no
thank
you
no
I
was
riding
back
from
coffee
yesterday
morning
on
the
one
wheel
and
I
was
moving
at
about
uh
the
one
wheel
can
go
up
to
like
15
miles
an
hour
on
the
rear
yeah
I
was
going
at
like
3
miles
an
hour
because
I
was
pushing
against
the
wind
and
that
was
as
fast
as
I
don't
feel
like
duck
down
and
lean
in
when
you're
leaving
the
shoulder
I
tried
not
to
do
that
because
then
I'm
like
leaning
way
forward
and
that
puts
me
in
a
state
where
I
could
easily
be
knocked
off
yeah
you
try
not
to
get
too
rigid
on
the
one
wheel
yes
then
it'll
pop
you
right
off
a
floppy
yeah
imagine
if
you
had
the
thing
that
we're
gonna
show
this
Thursday
as
a
build
related
to
spot
yeah
and
that
is
actually
going
up
this
Thursday
so
the
next
spot
project
that's
the
cool
incredibly
cool
thing
and
that
is
also
another
project
where
because
of
the
complexity
of
the
thing
that
needs
to
be
built
a
lot
of
it
was
done
on
weekends
and
in
time-lapse
and
so
we're
finding
interesting
ways
to
show
that
oh
my
god
this
build
for
spot
that
that
is
going
up
on
Thursday
I
was
so
excited
but
I
would
go
home
every
night
and
Google
pictures
on
my
phone
of
the
bills
just
the
one
that
I
came
in
I
was
like
and
I
think
everybody
else
that
hit
the
door
was
like
what
the
hell
are
you
gonna
store
this
thing
everyone
everyone
we
put
it
in
storage
yesterday
yeah
that's
great
it's
their
favorite
I
have
a
concrete
piece
of
content
I
can
recommend
yeah
thank
you
I
really
recorded
a
new
tech
pod
last
week
and
we
plan
to
sit
down
and
rank
windows's
like
the
like
talk
about
the
history
of
Windows
from
Windows
3.1
yeah
to
the
moniker
we
and
only
got
halfway
there
and
in
that
time
that
we
had
allotted
but
the
first
episode
is
that
up
now
is
of
that
is
up
now
at
Tech
pod
content
down
and
you
can
hear
what
we
feel
about
the
like
90s
and
early
2000s
Windows
is
I
mean
the
other
part
comes
next
week
I
finished
a
book
yesterday
Walter
Isaacson's
biography
of
the
Wright
brothers
who
which
if
you
like
making
stuff
when
I'm
assuming
you're
listening
to
this
podcast
because
you
do
read
about
the
Wright
brothers
cuz
holy
hell
there's
so
many
facts
about
the
Wright
brothers
that
are
so
much
better
than
anything
I
had
ever
learned
before
like
for
example
okay
here's
one
Kitty
Hawk
they
went
to
Kitty
Hawk
for
the
wind
right
via
they
wanted
on
tour
boom
they
wanted
they
wanted
lots
of
sand
they
wanted
lots
of
headwind
so
that
they
could
get
the
lift
they
needed
without
speed
right
they
needed
to
experiment
well
Kitty
Hawk
when
they
went
there
was
so
remote
most
of
the
population
of
Kitty
Hawk
our
descent
were
descendants
of
shipwreck
survivors
oh
my
that's
how
far
from
civilization
Kitty
Hawk
was
Wow
right
kind
of
contact
I
don't
know
I
trained
to
some
place
in
Virginia
like
a
hoot
a
sailboat
ride
to
get
to
Kitty
Hawk
Wow
yes
its
Outer
Banks
its
way
the
hell
out
there
and
I
went
and
looked
at
it
on
Google
Earth
it's
a
full
blown
town
sitting
down
with
people
and
museums
like
that
but
back
then
it
was
like
there
was
like
a
few
dozen
people
there
and
they
were
way
out
at
the
bleeding
edge
of
wow
you
know
manifest
destiny
all
that
good
wind
yeah
just
for
the
it
is
the
Muybridge
ography
um
no
Rebecca
Solnit
Samoyed
bridge
book
not
river
of
dreams
but
Shh
we
Rebecca
Solnit
spoke
about
Muybridge
is
one
of
the
best
books
on
technology
and
biography
I've
read
in
decades
yeah
Walter
Isaacson
is
a
reliably
terrific
writer
and
the
Wright
brothers
biography
is
wonderful
and
the
the
the
the
the
other
thing
that's
really
amazing
is
they
were
unequivocally
the
first
and
their
documentation
was
fantastic
but
a
tipping
point
was
happening
in
culture
right
yeah
it
seemed
like
yeah
it's
a
to
realize
that
they
did
their
first
flight
in
like
basically
within
three
months
of
their
first
flight
someone
had
crossed
the
English
Channel
on
a
fundamentally
different
plane
mm-hmm
like
that's
how
close
the
whole
world
wasn't
trying
to
be
adding
it
and
they
figured
out
a
kind
of
a
key
aspect
of
control
and
made
it
really
extant
and
it
sort
of
opened
these
floodgate
well
that
I
mean
that's
stuff
that
has
happened
so
many
times
through
history
like
if
you
look
at
the
invention
of
calculus
with
Newton
and
I
want
to
say
believe
notes
but
it's
it
is
yeah
the
invention
of
the
camera
happens
yeah
we're
completely
different
parts
of
the
world
in
the
same
couple
of
years
yeah
in
four
different
processes
mm-hmm
yes
so
there
are
a
lot
of
technological
aspects
like
that
so
it's
fascinating
to
read
about
the
International
commader
II
between
the
enthusiasts
of
this
field
from
France
to
England
to
United
States
and
how
quickly
everyone
took
what
the
Wright
brothers
did
and
ran
but
with
a
writing
letters
like
obviously
they
didn't
have
you
like
gal
who
groups
or
something
back
and
forth
Wow
furiously
lots
of
math
it
collected
letters
of
the
Wright
brothers
this
massive
I
also
I
that's
the
next
thing
I'm
reading
is
a
book
of
that
of
just
their
correspondence
because
they
also
separated
and
did
demos
in
two
separate
countries
at
the
same
time
like
that's
also
kind
of
mind-blowing
Wow
yeah
anyway
terrific
book
on
the
Wright
brothers
what
a
time
to
be
alive
right
now
for
no
reason
Norma
I
have
about
to
a
question
for
okay
sure
did
you
engage
so
one
of
the
things
that
is
both
most
fascinating
and
she
drink
the
blue
milk
is
that
we're
gonna
know
you
know
it's
not
milk
Adam
he
he
like
the
thing
that
is
interesting
to
me
about
about
you
is
that
Disney
has
the
world
of
technology
at
their
hand
and
rather
than
try
to
build
like
automated
characters
that
people
can
interact
with
they
were
just
like
we're
just
paying
a
bunch
of
people
to
walk
around
in
character
and
engage
with
the
audience
did
I
didn't
do
a
lot
of
that
character
interaction
okay
you
can
you
can
get
the
app
and
there
are
hidden
layers
of
the
world
that
you
can
reveal
if
you
have
the
time
if
you
want
to
spend
your
whole
day
there
and
we
know
people
who
have
done
that
and
the
promise
is
they
will
have
droids
and
and
robots
that
will
walk
around
no
cosplay
but
no
formal
cosplaying
for
adults
for
adults
you
can
do
what's
called
Disney
bounding
which
is
the
practice
of
near
cosplay
you
have
regular
tire
but
these
days
skier
Liam
can
cosplay
I
believe
you
can
pay
for
a
special
Halloween
trick-or-treating
night
and
you
can
take
you
know
the
kids
trick-or-treating
down
Main
Street
and
then
you
can
cosplay
turn
I
bet
if
you
ask
nicely
you
can
probably
cause
we're
not
gonna
escort
you
off
yeah
well
no
we
have
friends
who
went
in
close
enough
to
Star
Wars
costume
that
they
had
to
get
inspected
by
the
costume
person
on
the
way
into
the
end
of
the
world
wow
they
were
like
this
this
belt
buckle
is
a
little
too
close
if
you
take
the
belt
off
you're
good
Wow
it
was
wearing
like
a
han
Solo
belt
buckle
so
is
you
know
so
yeah
yeah
right
mmm
it's
arbitrary
excited
polygon
yeah
a
river
of
shadows
is
Rebecca
Solnit
spoke
about
Eadweard
Muybridge
and
the
invention
of
cinema
and
it's
a
stunning
bit
of
cultural
work
it's
a
it's
a
fundamentally
different
kind
of
biography
but
really
worth
reading
if
you're
wondering
and
it's
pretty
quick
read
what
color
lightsabers
you
get
norm
I
didn't
violate
said
what
what
I
have
a
better
one
at
home
that
I
could
get
at
Disneyland
I
can
wait
in
a
long
line
and
pay
a
hundred
twenty
five
hundred
forty
dollars
for
like
a
kylo
Ren
lightsaber
that's
really
not
nearly
as
good
as
what
you
would
get
on
the
RPF
or
Etsy
yeah
all
right
all
right
there's
a
lot
of
market
lot
of
Disney
markup
okay
okay
I'm
dying
to
go
well
we'll
find
out
won't
fun
away
laughs
we'll
find
a
way
to
get
you
in
a
galaxy's
edge
even
if
it
means
staying
at
a
a
themed
non
Cruise
Hotel
base
cruise
you're
gonna
just
hire
will
to
say
it
like
that
cruise
space
cruise
I
don't
know
if
we'll
have
a
podcast
next
week
we
might
but
it
might
be
on
Loki
somewhere
because
we're
doing
a
little
bit
of
traveling
international
travel
I
think
we're
not
embargoed
to
say
that
or
visiting
somewhere
of
our
best
friends
we
should
do
it
now
yeah
how
many
different
out
international
locations
we've
traveled
to
because
Joey
and
I
have
been
you
went
to
Australia
what's
New
Zealand
you
went
to
London
London
mm-hmm
that's
pretty
much
it
yeah
so
four
things
the
Arctic
with
Joey
oh
yeah
Joey
would
let
you
a
concern
yes
yep
yeah
world
travelers
all
here
at
good
stuff
ways
a
lot
of
good
stuff
coming
up
yeah
is
the
most
I'll
say
right
now
well
thanks
for
joining
us
everybody
hi
everybody
see
you
next
week
go
watch
parasite
yes
watch
parasite
enjoy
let's
go
oh
yeah
let's
go
let's
go
I
didn't
realize
that
Hamilton
quoted
West
Wing
which
we're
looking
for
looking
for
a
mind
at
work
work
is
in
line
that
Sam
Seaborn
says
in
a
season
four
episode
why
I'm
looking
for
a
mind
at
work
before
mind
at
work
Wow
work
work
huh
interesting
yeah
Sam
Norman
Seaborn
is
that
his
middle
name
as
his
middle
name
on
the
show
well
alright
let's


this video is sponsored by curiosity stream use the link in the description to watch thousands of documentaries and at no extra cost my 30-minute exclusive documentary about Macau available now on nebula China is one of only two countries whose population sizes stand out so dramatically from all the rest the fact that almost a billion and a half people are represented by one flag one government and ultimately one person is something everyone knows but very few appreciate for its difficulty just how does a country this big stay unified the short answer is it's not China appears monolithic because of its centralized source of power the Communist Party and its relative lack of ethnic diversity ninety one percent of its population is ethnically Han Chinese and all but one other group comprises less than one percent overall these small percentages though in a country this big translate to significant absolute numbers just as important when discussing unity is the concentration of these peoples a map of China's languages or its ethnic distribution paint a much more divided picture very roughly speaking these principally Mandarin and Han areas are unified culturally the others from the perspective of Beijing present either an ongoing or potential inclination towards detachment the abundance of these regions is reflected in its complicated administrative structure at its most simplified China is first divided into 22 regular provinces like Szechuan within which are prefectures like Wuhan followed by counties townships and lastly villages or communities in practice there are quite a few exceptions Taiwan for example is China's claimed 23rd province for mega cities including Beijing and Shanghai are treated as provinces there are two special administrative regions and finally five autonomous regions Xin Jiang Inner Mongolia Tibet squanchy ningxia each for one of the country's largest ethnic minorities only in two of them however our Han Chinese not the majority group in Xin Jiang we girls make up forty five percent of the population compared to 40 percent Han Chinese and Tibet is 92 percent Tibetan these two regions are similar in that while they comprise only a tiny portion of China's overall population they're among its most strategically useful Tibet is in fact its least populated province with only 3 million people or 0.2 percent overall underneath it's sparsely populated land however our bountiful reserves of copper iron lead potassium and other important minerals the vast mountainous landscape also protects the core of China from invasion in the future it's most coveted resource may become its water after the Arctic and Antarctic the Tibetan Plateau contains the world's largest source of fresh water earning it the nickname Earth's third Pole this is especially important because of China's otherwise poor water position more than a quarter of its land is desert whose storms blow dust into cities like Beijing many of its rivers meanwhile are too polluted to provide an adequate supply of water as the world's glaciers melt and water becomes increasingly scarce areas like these could easily become the source of state conflict but while Tibet and Xinjiang are among China's most valuable regions they're also among its most at risk of detachment thus why it places such high importance on cohesion at times it's promoted unity by rejecting ethnic differences linguistically for example the Chinese term mean to refers both to nation and ethnic group implicitly denying a difference other times cohesion has been promoted by explicitly acknowledging differences and then correcting for them all Chinese national ID cards list their holders ethnicity which since the reform following the death of Mao has played a significant role in a person's opportunities and privileges minorities were exempted from laws like the one-child policy received preferential admission to university and may have an easier time securing loans for instance finally in more recent times cohesion has been forced in the unfortunate form of violence the most prominent example of which is China's campaign to restrict the religious and personal rights of Xin Jung's Muslim Uighur by placing as many as a million in brutal so-called re-education camps although Chinese authorities claim their purpose is to manage religious extremism the ultimate goal is to pull the country's Geographic and cultural edges closer and minimize the risk of secession horrific as these recent developments are they aren't without precedent before assuming the office of President Xi Jinping's predecessor who Jintao served as the highest ranked official in the Tibet Autonomous Region during which martial law was declared following a violent crackdown on protests in 1989 later as president he appointed a man named Chen Tong go to his previous post in Tibet there Chen gained a reputation for his Swift uncompromising approach to dissent and creating a vast system of state surveillance in 2016 he was moved by Xi's administration from Tibet to Xin Jiang along with his oppressive methods only now with the help of modern technology in other words Tibet is the model for Xin Jiang there is however one major difference His Holiness the Dalai Lama while China's camps prompt international condemnation the issue lacks a recognisable face Tibet presents a unique challenge to China because the Dalai Lama is such an admired charismatic leader after remaining largely independence between 1913 and 15 the new People's Republic of China invaded Tibet in 51 forcing the Dalai Lama to recognize Chinese sovereignty in 1959 fearing his safety he fled in disguise to India where he was granted asylum to this day although the Chinese government maintains to facto control over Tibet the central Tibetan administration as it's known continues to claim it its compound in North India is now home to community of over 100,000 Tibetans in exile although the Tibetan cause is not as high-profile as it once was the Dalai Lama regularly travels the world giving speeches at universities granting interviews and meeting with important figures to evade the ire of Beijing countries often frame these meetings in religious not political terms when his holiness visited the White House in 2016 it released a careful statement which quote reiterated the long-standing u.s. position that Tibet is a part of the People's Republic of China notably the meeting with President Obama occurred in the White House Map Room not the Oval Office inevitably though Beijing still retaliates after David Cameron's meeting in 2012 China froze high-level political contact for nearly a year although these events rarely lead to any substantive progress they helped cement his legitimacy and raise public awareness the downside of having such an influential single figurehead is that heads are mortal the Dalai Lama was hospitalised last April for a chest infection which at 84 years old naturally raises questions about what comes next according to Tibetan Buddhism the Dalai Lama has reached the ultimate goal of breaking the cycle of births and death but instead chosen to continue being reincarnated in order to help others reach their spiritual enlightenment the current Dalai Lama is the 14th body in that 6th century long line however because monks are celibate succession cannot be hereditary when a Dalai Lama dies a search must therefore be conducted to discover the newly reincarnated body this process can take years and involves the reading of arcane spiritual signs for example the deceased body of the 13th Dalai Lama initially lay facing south after a few days his head had shifted to the east while a fungus appeared on the northeastern side of his shrine high Lamas interpreted this as a sign the next body would be found in northeastern Tibet where they searched villages for newly born children next a series of tests are conducted to confirm a suspected child the 14th Dalai Lama was presented items for identification some previously owned by his predecessor after allegedly being able to correctly identify all of them and receiving confirmation from scholars he began relearning the knowledge from his previous lives in preparation for leadership clearly this opaque process leaves plenty of ambiguity for China to take advantage of and because Tibetan Buddhism is not confined to Tibet or China by managing religious traditions it also wields incredible influence over its followers around the world although officially atheistic the Communist Party does not hesitate to encourage and even enforce religion when useful China has spent three billion dollars developing the site of Buddhas births in Nepal built a Buddhist Center and Myanmar and donated to the translation of Buddhist texts likewise if it can use the institution of the Dalai Lama to influence millions it will gladly ignore the irony in 2007 it passed national legislation regulating reincarnation under these new laws the party maintains a database of officially sanctioned Buddhas after training them to promote ideological harmony most absurd of all individuals are required to submit an application for reincarnation to the government for approval in 2011 new ordinances were passed which station party officials at monasteries for direct supervision seeing the writing on the wall the Dalai Lama then issued an edict exploring the possibility of selecting a child before his death or spiritual transfer to a fully grown adult he later added that his successor may be born outside Tibet perhaps as a woman and that it may even be time for the tradition of the Dalai Lama to end clearly he intends on leaving all possibilities on the table by not advocating Tibetan independence only autonomy the Dalai Lama is a pragmatic negotiator finally he resigned from all political responsibilities thus minimizing the potential damage of a Chinese chosen successor Chinese officials countered that such a decision is not his to make that religious precedent must be respected since then China has reiterated its position that reincarnation must comply with Chinese laws while US officials have stated that Congress would refuse to recognize anyone chosen by the Chinese government the Dalai Lama plans on making a decision when he turns around 90 in 2025 with every day the chance of health failure rises as do the odds of China appointing their preference as they did in 1995 with a second most important Lama when that day comes China may or may not be successful in gaining the support of Tibetans but without question the death of such a personable icon will leave a huge hole in the Tibetan cause and help bring Beijing one huge step closer to its dream of a single unified China Tibet is only one of many border regions that could pose a threat to Chinese unity one though is different Macau like its neighbor Hong Kong Macau is a small Cantonese speaking former European colony the two special administrative regions are even neighbors and yets Hong Kong fiercely protests against China while Macau adores it why that's the question I answer in my 30-minute documentary available now on nebula when you sign up with the link in the description you'll get access to curiosity stream home to thousands of great documentaries on technology nature and science but for that same price of just 20 dollars a year you also get access to our new streaming platform nebula it's the only place you can currently watch my new video along with many other great originals and ad free versions of the videos you watch every day I've worked really hard on this video and I think it's some of my best work yet if you like my normal videos this is much more of it in far greater depth if that sounds interesting please sign up with a link in the description and you'll then get an email with access to start watching nebula thanks to curiosity stream for sponsoring this video


this episode was supported by curiosity stream a few weeks ago I uploaded a video where I learned and trained to conquer the Salmon Ladder from Ninja Warrior if you haven't seen that video go check out a primal Jemma where I was training there are lots of obstacles from the Ninja Warrior show and one that caught my eye was the devil steps stairs that you climb from underneath using your hands on this particular set it's nine steps up a 3-foot gap and nine steps down so how difficult is this obstacle well I thought I'd find out this is what happened look out hiya slick and standing on like three feet of months it's amazing that you can claim that high with just your hands oh it's quite a sharp edge on the fingers there [Music] [Music] just right they'll help us there's just no way I was gonna reach that so I need to have my arms like been to like shoot across because when I'm down like that I just there's just no there's no way I'm gonna grab the other side I mean is that how that works you're just cool no huh aside from being really painful on your hands the edges of the stairs are really tough on your fingers going up is an actually too bad the hard bit is the gap in the middle three feet doesn't sound like a lot but up there hanging trying to grab the other side it's scary imagine you reach for the step on the other side then you just mess it you kind of just fall face-first to the ground what I needed to do when I got to the top was not hesitate just suck up and go for it grab the other step and see what happens [Music] just this much on there I'm not enough to to commit never gonna hand all the way around this really is evil like no skin there at all yes issues shaken it became apparent I wouldn't have infinite attempts at this my hands were suffering pretty bad I'd lost some of the skin on my fingers and my palms and it was really painful to grab on to the steps now but I knew I could do this this wasn't a physical limitation this was a mental block I got commitment issues here [Music] why [Music] ah [Music] ah Oh after making it across the gap once I knew this was possible so with my hands swelled up pretty badly I gave it one more goal this time trying to move a little bit quicker and get across before fatigue sets in just yeah just just best that I just did that fall look good [Music] Oh is a beef these speed is your friend so there you have it the devil steps painful but not too difficult you just gotta commit if you enjoyed documentaries or nonfiction shows but you're tired of browsing through the lackluster selection on your current streaming service you should check out curiosity stream it's a streaming service that costs just 2 dollars ninety-nine a month and is dedicated to documentaries and nonfiction pieces it has thousands of hours of top quality content about science technology history nature and has originals you can't get anywhere else shoes from Stephen Hawking and David Attenborough I really enjoyed this show called the human limits it's about people who push the envelope like free divers when half the Iceman and this guy who can ride a bike even though he is blind by using echolocation you can watch on smart TV Xbox Android Amazon fire Apple TV and many more I'd really like to download a few shows to watch offline on my iPad particularly when I'm flying for just $2.99 and if you sign up by going to curiosity stream calm flora slash land quick and using the offer code learn quick you even get one month for free and by using that code you'll be helping to support the show so check out curiosity stream thank you very much for watching I'll see you next time


you've never seen drones like this in yesterday's drone jesting semifinals our Lord was eliminated sudden death leaving only standing champion eeks with over 200 wins under his belt defend his title against your favorite up-and-coming hothead surrender who has maneuvered his way to the top and record time with everything on the line can he rise to greatness or will this newcomer become just another statistic meeting once again on this hallowed ground where so many drones have fallen the pilots ready themselves for the match of a century Nix with his trusty Ryder Robo foe who has been with him since the beginning and render with a weird elf thing what is this little janky guy only one will fly away their Lance's are sharp the riders are saddled and their thumbs are steadied now there will be drone the jousting all right the props are speeding up and they're taken to the skies let's see where this goes folks both pilots are looking pretty confident here that's a pretty good sign the today's joust is gonna be a good one all right now it seems like both pilots are just trying to get a feel for each other trying to see how this joust is gonna shake out looks like nice is going on the offensive right away that's classic nice if you know anything about his flying style surrenders doing a great job of keeping them at bay though he's very controlled now this is one of surrender strong points all right surrenders trying to keep Meeks off of him oh that's a close pass all right they're circling around each other looking to make another pass Oh Oh what is this okay and they're still up both pilots are still in the air you know I've never seen anything like this we talk about it all the time on the air never seen anything like this looks like surrender has changed up his tone a little bit now shifting to the offense all right here comes another pass and both pilots know no surrender is still in the air that's amazing a future man hold on hold on all right folks this isn't looking good for nice if he can't get his drone working quick he's out of the joust come on his drone is working I don't know if this is against regulations but it looks like surrender is going to let him fly folks this round is not over yet looks like we've just learned that both pilots now have about 20% left in their batteries they're gonna need to make a decision soon all right nice looks like he's going in for a hit oh and just barely miss surrender dodges with the skill that only he possesses all right looks like surrenders going in for one more attack here there he goes and both both drones are down [Music] but since surrender made the final attack it looks like he is going to be getting the final point making him the new drones ousting world Jay what are you doing but you have something to do yeah I was I was working on that hat the solar hat should go do it yeah yeah don't encourage him this is easily the craziest stunt captured on film the the Naruto showed us he throws a knife it just hits this guy in the head and this guy takes a fall [Music] that's so me that's a pets not some banks don't find my frames and you see them put their hands up touch the rock right there interacted with Butch's and hit the water that's real dude Harvey's face can see this you see the knees tuck there yeah holy is real this but the real question is who there thought that back flipping down a cliff would not only had he Demi he really miss it maybe they're on wires cuz they had all these wiring set up but even then they're still letting them down pretty fast unless they're splicing - that's what I'm saying I think I think this is splice yeah it really freaked me out it's like this is you're basically watching somebody almost kill themselves and it's just so like casual in the middle of all this even if they are on a descender it's still going pretty damn fast even its accelerated you know looks like it sped up like that's a real water splashing he wasn't going that slow yeah yeah yeah see if we can figure down i try to email the dudes yeah what hey guys just go spam they're like channel until they tell us how they're dead before we get into making a bunch of videos and making a mess of everything we got to go through we got to clean up what we left behind from last year you're not gonna believe it you just have someone's throwing out super-hard yeah is that a super tall box there's two more like this big pile of this some huh yeah here I got a real knife let's just do this one bit at a time this will be hopefully the first is like my plan your Ren Ren it's not sure wait what why did we get more of these we got rid of Holly back this they sent back our donation oh they wouldn't have done I mean this looks like our stuff anyway I didn't leave the address no no look at more of these bubbles what are these bins aren't these are the blood where we were getting rid of all our stuff and they decided to prank us by just sending us more stuff no this is our stuff yeah this isn't our stuff this is like two more so there's two more bins in here and another full box about our stuff dude what no no don't even open them you and then a whole nother box there's an invoice here that should explain some stuff so I'm just gonna cut this out so much trolling on super-hard corridor please open oh we're getting trolled wait so either they're trolling us or they're just like really really innocently doing a good night no are they gonna say guys we hope you really can get some use of all these extra things ever like dude you wouldn't you're not gonna believe it just have Wow my mom is a portrait photographer she was like hey you just graduated from college we should probably take a couple pictures oh my god this is silly can I at least bring my airsoft guns counteract I need a little bit of irony in here I need a little bit of irony see I just need a little bit of irony mom I can't do a serious photo shoot yeah but look at this look at this go back and these start getting these like really like cultured like looking portrait photos and so so what's perfect about these pictures is that okay so we've been actually working with Squarespace a little bit you probably heard some stuff we've been we've been toying with the idea of creating a website called Sam Gorski calm that's all about upholding tradition American ideals is basically America's homepage I think I'm gonna make it a reality right now I've been holding under the Sam Gorsky calm domain name for a long time with these photos it's time to make Sam Gorski become a reality I don't actually know how to use this interface yes I do it doesn't look too difficult what is this his lifestyle and personal fashion beauty there we go education as well oh thanks perfect sight goals row and engage the audience capture memories or ideas site description America's homepage upholding traditions of this great country since 1986 site idleness and torski calm whoo there you can see this is that you look at this vibe I already picked out here so I've already found a great template I just need to start getting these pictures in here that's that's the key to success here [Music] all right so I think I'm done it's break it's like right when you go to it you know where you are saying where ski calm you can see all the pictures here and you just you instantly know who this website is all about and the olders only one section is called my principles and when you go to my principles I have some text here at this point in history is more important than ever to have guiding principles I've reached deep into the expanses of my mind to share with you the principles that guide me some are my own creations some are based off the traditions found in our great nation I'm gonna be updating this so it's a little thin right now but it would be updating trust me because we have your principles whether it's just for like a quick skim on your lunch break or check in the morning for some morning meditation you know Sam Gorski calm as it all making that was a lot easier than I thought I'm pretty happy with the site and if you guys are building a website you should check out Squarespace if you go to Squarespace comm slash Sandman eco you can get started also we got a link in the description where you can get a 10% discount off of anything you build there check it out let me help you me one of your twenty 18 goals collaborate with an energetic DP who recently relocated to LA from the Midwest he comes with ideas the whole package narrative expertise a complete camera package he also has high action and horror movie narrative experience that's his passion also props for real pretty much everything I've ever done has fed this passion every penny earned went to equipment and props when I left for LA I dismantled my prop room but couldn't part with everything and I even brought a few pieces with me thanks Dave rocks to you David David can injure thank you from the bottom of our hearts I mean we're gonna go through every single thing here that's actually has a really nice best rolling some of this stuff actually is really not this is a really nice cop belt we have the same gun - it's a great gun it's a great airsoft it's just I think it's great timing because this was the last thing I would imagine happening [Applause] like look at that no let me take a closer look here's the thing sometimes these things are just real the other replicas okay these are great though for props it's cool that it makes the noise and it drops heat he only hangs on to the highest quality yeah for all of y'all who don't know how the flintlocks work and they're actually really cool and how simple they are piece right here is actual Flint and this is a little plate that the Flint scrapes against when it drops down and in here you have your flash pan how are your powder pan and then there's a bore that goes into the barrel and you drop your actual round in here with packed with powder so that this ignites it goes in and it combust in here and cause this pressure to go out the front it's really simple design and they're really fun to to see work in real