there are definitely some things that are bad you be that article that came out today that said you should only six fries what are they delusional who can only eat six fries I don't know that's what the article said like over the course of my life we're in one sitting I mean what if I eat six fries every hour I don't know okay but like what are the time perimeters for six fries I mean six seconds months years ago maybe read the article okay but you read the article and have now ruined my life so I would like some elaborate answers beyond don't eat more than six fries this is why you have no friends I'm alone I mean one thing we've been sort of trained to believe is that negative emotions are bad jealousy and security doubt paranoia I mean the list goes on and on the positivity movement especially has this mentality that you should cast aside these emotions in favor of the happy ones sort of like fake it to make it but feel it to make real it which I don't think works long term because then you sort of become detached and disconnected with your emotions by just constantly dismissing them all right everyone after some recent discussions internally we've decided to fire you all from now on it's all joy [Music] there's also the view that you need to sit with your emotions right the idea of acceptance of negative feelings in order to let them pass through you but I've found that when I do this I just get stuck in the bad feeling and just ruminate because I'm allowing that emotion to take over my life it's gonna be a terrible day it's gonna be a terrible meal and now I have found a brilliant technique that has helped me so much now bear with me because I know it's gonna sound a little cheesy but if you're someone who deals with a lot of anxiety or insecurity or emotional pain of any kind why aren't you to have an open mind and try it so when you feel a negative emotion let's say insecurities I want you to first think of what that emotion would look like a physical representation of it so for me my insecurities would look like a jagged crystal formation and once that image is really clear I want you to mentally take that physicalized emotion from your body and hold it in front of you and ask it why are you here because every feeling you have is actually trying to help you it's trying to let you know something I mean that's what you feel it's this physical cue that shouldn't be just ignored or blindly accepted but understood ok so what's up what are you trying to tell me where would I get hurt are you still with me and isn't my crystal was just like super adorable but seriously literally every emotion you feel is trying to do something for you whether it's your anger trying to protect you your anxiety wanting to motivate you to do better or your feelings of unworthiness wanting to make sure that you get the love you deserve you need to think of negative emotions as misunderstood and then once you really know why it's there the next step is to think of what you would rather feel so for me when I understand that my insecurity is trying to keep me safe from getting hurt I would think well I would rather feel vulnerable I'd rather feel like I can put myself out there and take a risk and know that I'm enough just as I am and once I have that feeling I make it a physical object as well pull it out of my body mentally and I merge the two together so once you merge these two together it becomes a new object and then still in your head here you will put the new object back in your body and carry on now I can feel your judgment through the screen like I feel it and I know some of you are like rolling your eyes and be like oh my god Anna so New Age la now and I want you to ask yourself why do you feel judgmental how is it trying to serve you and what does it look like and I know this may not be for everyone but it's literally come in handy so much of my life that I did want to share it because now I understand that every negative emotion is trying to do something for me instead of just pushing it away or succumbing to it I can now transform it into something that helps make my existence more bearable if anything I hope that this helps you in some way because you know life can be really hard sometimes and I'm I'm really tired of being the person who makes me feel the worst so I'm working on it I'm Anna Akana stay awesome Gotham I want to say thank goodness for space for sponsoring today's episode Squarespace has award-winning templates and an only one platform so there's no patches upgrades or installs ever if you need a domain Squarespace has got you they've got a simple and unique set up experience and 24 hour custom service if you have any questions concerns or just want to tell them a story you can go to squarespace.com such an ax to start your free trial today and use the offer code an upper 10% off at checkout at squarespace.com slash anna and the offer code anna for


this episode is made possible by audible stick around to see how you can use their great services to support the channel hopping across the english channel we return once again to the british isles this time to ireland land of fairies and folktales christians and pagans beer and whiskey and a somewhat troublesome history that propelled the irish to the world stage in the 1960s but going back further the tale gets pretty interesting and that's certainly not a bias on our part welcome everyone to the emerald isle [Music] ireland as we know today is a single island entity and has been united for almost its entirety this only changed in the 20th century when it became split between two nations ireland the country and the united kingdom most of the emerald isles modern citizens did not live before the split which is why there still tends to be some bitterness about it on both sides but leaving that aside for the moment we can begin in 300 bc the first inhabitants were our good friends the celts who migrated from the european continent after the last ice age these celts flourished in culture and traditions all upon the foundations of their pagan faith irish myth and folklore is deep intertwined into irish poetry and even their later christian beliefs although that doesn't mean it's easy to find hi tailbot here from the channel tale foundry unfortunately a lot of ancient irish traditions have been lost to time and inattention the stories we do have records of are really cool men who become gods intricate pseudo-histories an odd abundance of shape-shifting salmon but it's hard to know whether they're legitimate because the majority of them were recorded by christian scribes rather than their pagan adherents on our show we recently took a shot at unraveling the irish mythological cycle and the mystery of why it isn't more popular so once you're done learning about ireland's actual history feel free to come discuss its pseudo-history with us thanks for the contribution tale foundry the celts of ireland called their land ayra after their matron goddess eru they spoke a language called gaeliga or what we call irish one irish tribe the scottie is thought to have been the namesake of scotland once again english misappropriation defies the boundaries of cultural sensitivities christianity made its way to ireland from roman britain largely aided by the bishop saint patrick who managed to convert the irish from paganism to catholicism when he wasn't busy chasing snakes island was raided and settled by the vikings in the 8th century setting up small towns that became cities like dublin and belfast but the vikings were fought off and replaced by the normans who arrived in 1167 creating what would be the lordship of ireland norman island failed to control the entire island though and many lords and kings existed in tandem with the norman possessions by the 1400s norman holdings were limited aided greatly by the war of the roses in the black plague which killed far more normans than irishmen this changed with king henry viii who took a break from cutting up wives and churches to conquer the various irish kingdoms he established the kingdom of ireland which expanded after defeating the irish in the desmond rebellions in the nine years war in 1604 ireland was united fully under english rule and james the first of the scottish house of stuart became the king of england uniting all three kingdoms under one monarch the british however were protestants and the catholics of ireland felt resentment having a protestant as their ruler and rebellions were frequent to gain better control english monarchs confiscated land from the lords and farmers and replaced them with protestant english and scots the british hoped that settling protestants in the area would help quell rebellions by having a population with a distinct british national identity this worked most successfully in ulster where some counties formed majorities of presbyterians during the war of the three kingdoms ireland staged rebellions from british rule but were defeated by both oliver cromwell and later william of orage shortly after the glorious revolution theobald wolfton led a further rebellion which was brutally suppressed at this point the british said enough was enough and united the kingdoms into a single country in order to better control rebellions the union was still heavily prejudiced against catholics though and this coupled with the great potato famine caused millions to die and millions more to immigrate most notably for liverpool and the americas the economic hardship and poverty created the home rule movement in which the irish citizens demanded their own parliament with the notable exception of protestant counties in the north who were pro-unionists and supported british rule this surprised entirely no one since most of these counties were descendants of the british colonists who had confiscated the irish lands a century earlier home rule stole during world war 1 leading some republicans to stage a rebellion known as the easter rising the british attempted to grant home rule by splitting the island into two self-governing territories northern and southern ireland both of whom were still part of the united kingdom fighting continued however an irish civil war ensued with some supporting membership of the british commonwealth as a free state and others supporting a full republic although the free state won the war the republicans did shortly get elected to parliament and ireland became a full republic the split of ireland angered many republicans on both sides who saw it as a british ploy to gerrymander the northern counties to allow for a slight unionist majority and ultimately retain a claim on parts of the island the anger also came to further intensify the religious divide since most catholics saw themselves as irish and supported republicanism and most protestants were pro-union the bitterness of the irish civil war was felt everywhere and discrimination against catholics was increasing in the north peaceful civil rights protests escalated just one decade after the war and a conflict known as the troubles which is something you've probably heard of various unionist and nationalist paramilitary groups were formed and the fighting continued for decades the conflict boiled down to the good friday agreement when ireland and northern ireland agreed to exist in a state of tandem and if the majority of northern irish citizens voted to rejoin ireland the governments would allow this to happen the agreement also affirmed the free movement of people through the border and made allowances for any northern irish border in northern ireland to attain irish citizenship if they desire this largely brought the conflict to an uneasy peace kind of island joined the european union in 1973 along with the uk and denmark the island became very prosperous and economic growth became a large source of immigration they replaced the old irish pound with the euro in 1999 the island's prosperity was halted in the 2008 global financial crisis which significantly reduced ireland's wealth many on both sides of the border have toyed around with the idea of reunification and some have compared the situation to the division of east and west germany resistance to unification is said to be waning somewhat even though some are still fiercely opposed the discomfort of the division once again came to a head with the vote of britain to leave the eu angering many who don't want to see a border erected between the two parts of the island the slim majority of the northern irish voted to remain within the eu bringing up a degree of resentment to the uk for forcibly removing them from it talks about the reunification of ireland began immediately and the idea has shown growing support especially with the scottish intention of holding a second independence referendum some view irish unification as inevitable as older generations pass for an increasingly more liberal world and yet others too are skeptical i guess only time will tell [Music] this video would not be possible without the help of audible audible is the leading provider of premium digital spoken audio information and entertainment they're absolutely unrivalled in their delivery of the widest variety of content of audiobooks and other spoken audio products signing up for audible using their book credit service gives you access to their massive library of content both short and long form which you can listen to just about wherever you are using your phone computer or tablet or any other mp3 capable device i've been a happy customer of audible for quite a while now and i'd say that easily 90 of the books i've consumed in the past two years has been using their service if you're a fan of ireland why not check out the norsemen saga fingal by james l nelson it is a series of novels that takes place in ireland during the viking age when the island was ruled over land and sea by the norsemen audible is offering sweeney viewers a free 30-day trial which they can access by heading to audible.com sweeney or by clicking the link below which includes a free audiobook to begin listening to at no cost to you audible is perfect for those long car train or plane journeys and less cumbersome if you're not able to lug a book around wherever you are that's audible.com sweeney or click the link below thank you so much to audible and those who support and hey if you're curious about the talking robot who interrupted your history video well that is totally understandable what sweeney does here is amazing and pretty essential to what we do over on our channel tale foundry where sweeney investigates reality we investigate fiction such as world mythologies and then use what we find to tell news stories so if that excites your fancy why not come and make stuff up with us we'll see you there thank you so much for watching everyone and thank you all so much for the extra patronage from last month as of writing the script i'm more than halfway to the first goal and for those wondering the youtube ad revenue still hasn't improved since the adpocalypse so for those of you that want to help please feel free to do so special thanks to tell foundry for their contribution their channel is really really good please check them out until next time


tell
you
a
secret
guys
you
should
click
the
Bell
below
my
subscribe
button
you
will
get
notifications
about
my
videos
peace
my
god
compromised
makeup
I
don't
know
your
computer
may
got
compromised
yeah
and
become
obsolete
I'm
becoming
like
20
or
40
IQ
points
lower
because
of
this
yeah
would
you
find
this
is
on
Bob
RTC
yes
I'm
becoming
[ __ ]
yeah
I
wish
we
could
get
yesterday's
number
I
know
that
was
so
awesome
yes
ok
let's
call
them
again
I'm
wasting
minutes
on
it
it's
not
a
toffee
number
I
just
see
oh
well
yes
whatever
still
wondering
why
you
received
a
call
from
us
let
me
tell
you
you
receive
a
call
because
we
encounter
a
serious
issue
coming
out
of
your
computer
network
if
someone
is
trying
to
hijack
your
computer
and
try
to
steal
your
personal
information
if
it's
not
fixed
right
away
then
your
computer
will
become
obsolete
and
all
of
your
information
may
got
compromised
oh
my
god
while
we
are
connecting
your
call
to
our
experts
please
turn
on
your
computer
while
we
are
connecting
your
call
thank
you
for
calling
how
can
I
help
you
hi
there
are
you
the
computer
expert
yes
how
can
I
help
you
I
got
a
call
from
this
number
I
want
to
make
sure
my
computer
is
an
obsolete
ok
so
sir
you
need
to
turn
on
the
computer
right
now
then
I
can
check
what
is
the
main
problem
it's
just
turning
on
right
now
ok
yeah
it's
on
right
now
alright
so
do
one
thing
sir
you
just
look
at
on
the
keyboard
on
the
keyboard
very
bottom
left
corner
DC
there
is
a
Microsoft
Windows
key
yeah
sure
you
have
to
press
that
Windows
key
and
hold
it
down
and
then
just
let
her
ask
okay
now
what
do
you
see
on
the
screen
sir
I
see
a
run
France
yes
now
you
have
to
type
in
that
run
box
type
there
ee
ee
ee
dot
how
help
me
done
that
yes
okay
now
click
on
okay
okay
now
what
do
you
see
on
the
screen
huh
I
see
a
website
says
go
to
assist
King
click
on
the
go
to
assist
okay
now
what
do
you
see
when
you
click
on
go
to
assist
I
see
you
ask
me
for
a
name
funny
it
axes
me
for
a
name
who
needs
ya
for
a
ask
me
for
my
name
it's
porky
again
can
you
type
your
name
in
the
name
box
okay
Henry
Hoover
for
this
is
a
porky
ha
okay
the
support
key
you
ready
click
on
continue
what
do
you
see
after
that
you
only
you
only
get
nothing
happened
it's
as
a
dad
is
an
invalid
code
you
know
um
the
code
again
okay
the
support
key
number
[Music]
works
no
no
what
do
you
see
on
the
screen
says
uh
something
is
downloading
run
save
or
cancel
will
she
want
me
to
yeah
I'll
run
okay
no
what
is
he
very
quick
on
this
something
is
something
is
doing
go
I
said
something
is
downloading
if
you
want
to
run
this
file
okay
yes
do
you
want
to
run
this
file
yes
click
on
yes
I'll
run
okay
I
see
a
green
progress
bar
okay
that's
it's
loading
not
running
yeah
it
says
yes
or
no
yeah
come
near
blue
progress
bar
click
on
yes
again
if
you
hear
any
absorption
okay
still
on
it
I
see
yes
I'm
cooking
it
again
it's
connecting
right
bun
collected
connecting
okay
now
do
you
see
the
mouse
arrow
is
moving
on
the
screen
yeah
who's
that
that's
me
okay
I'll
show
you
I
connected
with
our
secure
server
dr.
King
said
can
you
please
all
the
line
for
a
moment
yeah
yeah
thank
you
for
holding
the
line
cuz
I've
seen
you
to
provide
for
Sean
how
are
you
doing
today
I'm
good
thanks
for
asking
sir
so
don't
touch
your
computer
you
can
see
that
your
computer
is
connected
right
yes
so
you
know
why
you
receive
this
call
yeah
yes
you
have
to
work
on
your
computer
install
some
securities
and
remove
all
the
hackers
from
your
computer
okay
so
there
are
some
different
different
it
cannot
be
can
you
hear
me
yeah
I
can
hear
it's
fun
yeah
so
I'm
saying
there
are
some
different
different
types
of
securities
there
are
some
different
different
plants
like
two
years
three
years
and
a
lifetime
which
one
you
want
to
go
the
lifetime
press
one
do
you
know
the
price
of
lifetime
no
I
don't
what
is
the
price
a
$3,000
$3,000
so
what's
the
difference
between
the
other
prices
like
what's
the
other
would
be
like
three
months
is
too
much
the
lifetime
yeah
lifetime
means
for
your
whole
life
you
don't
need
to
pay
again
and
again
it's
a
one-time
payment
and
your
whole
life
you
are
secure
with
the
school
okay
but
what
about
the
other
tiers
how
much
does
it
cost
if
you
go
with
the
two
years
two
years
will
cost
you
$700
okay
if
you
go
with
that
yeah
if
you
go
with
the
three
years
three
years
cost
you
$1,600
what
is
the
difference
difference
the
two
years
security
work
on
your
computer
for
the
just
two
years
okay
so
which
do
you
recommend
I
do
the
life
insecurity
being
a
technician
I'm
suggesting
you
go
with
anyone
sir
three
years
of
the
lifetime
two
years
or
two
years
three
years
or
the
lifetime
okay
three
years
so
three
years
or
three
years
or
a
lifetime
so
there's
only
three
years
three
years
and
then
lifetime
right
there
are
twenty
plan
too
weird
three
years
and
a
lifetime
okay
and
would
she
recommend
using
go
with
the
three
years
of
the
lifetime
I
want
I
want
to
make
sure
boy
wait
I
want
to
make
sure
cuz
you
said
it's
different
different
I
want
to
make
sure
I
know
all
my
options
different
different
Queen
for
the
tree
for
the
ear
sir
there
are
two
years
secure
will
be
three
years
security
and
the
lifetime
security
okay
two
years
will
cost
you
$800
three
year
will
cost
you
six
in
the
dollar
okay
in
the
dollar
and
the
lifetime
will
cost
you
300
$3,000
okay
what
is
the
lifetime
cost
sounds
more
because
in
future
for
your
whole
life
if
you
face
any
kind
of
problem
we
will
be
here
to
fix
that
problem
and
free
of
cost
with
your
all
devices
all
the
wisest
means
in
future
if
you
buy
a
15
computers
or
20
laptop
for
any
kind
of
device
all
the
computers
all
the
devices
will
be
covered
why
are
you
agitated
that
says
buddy
why
are
what
you
sound
agitated
agitated
and
why
are
you
wasting
our
time
I'm
not
wasting
your
time
I'm
asking
you
a
question
are
you
gonna
assist
key
sistemi
what
you're
trying
to
do
what
do
you
do
what
okay
so
he's
already
started
ciske
he
the
ciske
ciske
to
me
yes
I
didn't
know
if
you
wanted
me
cuz
I
knew
he
was
gonna
catch
on
I
don't
know
if
he
wanted
me
the
breaker
or
not
that's
that's
why
I
said
you
should
say
that
just
to
mess
with
him
a
bit
that
was
funny
yeah
it
was
too
funny
to
not
do
it
what
is
he
gonna
do
I
think
he's
gonna
do
nothing
nothing
oh
when
we
get
these
scammers
connected
often
they
just
try
to
sis
to
you
then
shut
down
yours
I
do
so
many
Indians
cameras
always
say
different
different
I
don't
know
it's
like
each
and
everything
she's
like
that
are
they
silicon
is
he
no
longer
connected
I'm
assuming
his
ah
I
rebooted
okay
yeah
it's
all
back
yes
let
me
do
let's
see
if
I
get
a
different
difference
camera
on
the
line
from
him
thanks
everyone
for
watching
don't
forget
to
share
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this video is sponsored by audible and you can get your first audio book for free when you try audible for 30 days visit audible.com slash Matias or if you're in the u.s. text message mattias to 500 500 audible offers a huge variety of different titles as well as audible originals which are exclusive audio titles created by celebrated storytellers within theatre journalism literature and much much more listening to books can certainly inspire us as creators since photography is also a kind of storytelling a favorite of mine that speaks to me as a street photographer and journalist is Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas to listen to it for free try audible for 30 days visit audible.com slash Matias or if you're in the u.s. text message Matias - 500 500 [Music] ladies and gentlemen we are in the presence of a legend this is the infamous Pentax mx1 [Music] if you follow me or Pentax you might have seen my review of the Pentax Q system from last year I enjoyed that system so much it ended up being the longest camera review I have ever done so then why do I care about this old camera released back in 2013 why not just get the newer and closely priced Pentax Q as one instead well it's because I like the Q so much and that this is basically a fixed lens version of it with some added perks as well as drawbacks both the Q s1 and MX one have a 12 megapixel one of a one point seven inch CMOS sensor that delivers a nice image plenty of detail and great ability the Pentax colors are a lovely and organic as always I think the Q s1 has little more information and possibility in the shadows but on compacts like this you're never gonna be doing any day-to-night edits anyway both cameras shoots native D NGS so any editor can handle them without issues [Music] [Music] just like some of the queue lengths as the mx1 has a built-in ND filter as well as a leaf shutter which means that you can sync the built-in flash at crazy high sync speeds the flash is nice but not as nice as the one on the Q both cameras have great controls as well as easy and intuitive menus Pentax really doesn't get enough credit for the menus in my opinion and that goes for the DSLRs as well even things like in camera RAW processing is very well thought out in true Pentax fashion it is highly customizable I particularly like that you can set a screensaver image to greet you and turning it on and that you can change the operation sound to cats out so overall quite similar cameras but what then actually separates them first of all it's the build the original cue was an all magnesium little marvel the q10 q7 and qs1 are all plastic super comfortable and light but you know plastic [Music] this is not plastic nor is it magnesium this is brass and you can feel it 391 grams with a battery but well worth the extra weight I just love a good solid feeling camera and the rubbery material is equally nice I wouldn't be surprised if it's actually real rubber I have the silver version which is nice but if you can find the sword after black model over time you would get a lovely brass patina like Oh for example the Leica m8 and the bigger camera also means a chunkier grip which I like a good grip with reachable buttons and wheels is just as important if not more important on small cameras like this for me these cameras are all about catching the moment when you don't have any other camera with you or time to get it out of your bag since buying this it has never left my jacket pocket a perfect example is a funeral I attended recently everyone took a picture or two with their phones no one wants to drag a big deal or with them on such an occasion but I could easily and discreetly get images that captured the mood and moments much better than an adult smartphone image and this brings me to the next thing separating this from the cue the lens [Music] being able to change lenses on the queue is awesome no question about that and lenses like the number eight wide-angle zoom and the number six tele zoom are so spectacular but we are talking about multiple lenses small or not they still need changing this however is twenty eight to one hundred and twelve millimeter equivalent range which covers you for pretty much any situation and on top of that it is not an F 2.8 it's a 1.8 to 2.5 the Q system does not offer anything similar there are however drawbacks to it firstly you need to zoom with a lever instead of a mechanical turn and secondly the flares when shooting into the Sun at some focal length for just two purple V the fix of course being black and white that about does it but I have saved the best for last a feature that makes it pretty much impossible for me to say whether or not I recommend this camera over the cue system it has a tilt table screen [Music] not a fixed screen like the Ricoh geometry and not an annoying fully articulated that takes like an hour to open [Music] just a plain old tilt [Music] so in conclusion if I had to choose between the queue and the MX one I will probably get both please subscribe for my upcoming videos and follow me on Instagram for new pictures every day until next time goodbye


obviously I put along my my numberphile playing cards all their playing cards are available for these are the best ones okay so just well you know you know I know without playing cuz there's me always a tough with a Pat Brady there is there is you of course there they can watch they're just here to watch I'm also going to like Matt watch because Matt is the is this of king of numberphile card tricks right so okay so I've just taken nine cards okay the first all the clubs basically all the numbered clubs here's the challenge to you Brady I want you to put them in any order you like I'm not even going to pay attention let's go yeah okay so we read off what number that's going to be 945 million one hundred and thirty six thousand eight hundred and seventy two do you know it something about that numbers I don't think you do you notice about it it's even it is even yeah do you think it's so obviously not prime then do you think which numbers in the 9 times table probably not don't feel like it is yeah I've been one in nine numbers is in the 9 times table right so it's you might think it's unlikely should we should we have a bet okay I'll bet you a pint right there you're saying it's not I'm gonna say is okay so should we check yeah okay let's check right so okay so we put the number in divide it by nine see if we get a whole number oh yes we do okay now do you want to go again don't try it again you can even take it you can take a number out of you on any you take any number right let's take a little quit right okay you take out some number so you've been left with this number yeah okay true recognition you can make you want to move them around a bit yeah let's swap the fire than the four there we go sure you done yeah okay do you think this is in the ninth hole table okay well you might have wood your bet now okay let's let's check it / let's see known equals yes it is well done well you removed the nine which made it a lot easier for me and if you'd removed say let's put this back if you removed the five my next step was going to be oh I you know it's it's only fair I get to move on out take one out as well and I was going to take out the four we'll come back to why that that works later I try another trick okay slightly different one they've got the first four cards now multiples of three are quite common right everyone in three numbers is a multiple of three right after your new four cards right you can put them in any order just just make me a multiple of three well you just try it you can guess all right let's go with two one four three okay you don't sound confident Brady I like to save it confidence okay 2 2 1 4 3 we're divided by 3 oh dear all right you need some help I can I could help you yeah I'll just I'll just gonna put one card in card in for you right this one I know you can put it whatever you like now let's put it in the middle okay let's put it in the middle right you want to put it right in the middle you sure you don't to put over here no I'm gonna put in the middle okay all right well there was tennis card over okay now let's see if this helps the situation okay let's try it now 2 1 5 4 3 let's try dividing that by 3 it worked okay so what is going on Brady what is going on well these little tricks and well they're kind of inspired by actually my own incompetence and because in our last video that you and I did together which was about Bell figures prime if you remember we asked the following question we asked is this number we had a 1 and then lots of zeros and then has 6 1 6 and then another bunch of zeros and then a 1 we asked if this number was a prime number or not we said it you know if we put in enough zeros can we can we find a prime number and I ran a little computer code and caught up to a hundred thousand zeros and didn't find any attend if you remember this and I saved up to anything's 100,000 and the new programs and of course our super smart numberphile viewers immediately saw that this was never going to be a prime number and the reason was well if you calculate the sum of all the digits okay so the cross song of this object then you'll get 1 plus lots of zeros 4 6 plus 1 plus 6 bunch of zeros again plus one and that totals 15 now 15 is divisible by 3 and if that number if the cross sum is divisible by 3 then it guarantees that the original number is divisible by 3 so you were you were running this code checking every number when you were never I was never gonna be that it was never gonna be there so wasted ways to compute the time braids how it should have just been as smart as numberphile viewers right I just I just to be honest if I'm honest I was trying to loads of different things because I wanted something that might sort of look cool in the video and I got so sort of you know sort of hung up on all different things I was trying I sort of lost sight of as the beauty of maths so of course this explains what went wrong with the with the air with your your attempt at the number L yeah right okay you took the first four numbers whatever no combination you take these in I mean these numbers 1 2 3 & 4 they add up to 10 so whatever order I put them in the cross Sun is always going to be 10 but 10 is not divisible by 3 so whatever number I create cannot be divisible by 3 and now I add the 5 and it doesn't matter where I put it the cross sum is now guaranteed to be 15 whatever number I create is guaranteed to be divisible by 3 okay if the cross sum is divisible by 3 the number is divisible by 3 okay it's also true for nines if the cross sum is divisible by 9 the number is divisible by 9 and that comes back to this one first nine numbers what do they Santi they sum to 45 45 is divisible by 9 so whatever combination of these numbers I take whatever order I take it's guaranteed to be divisible by 9 this isn't true for other Cross sums like if the cross sum is divisible by 4 no it doesn't mean the number no no that's just 3 3 & 9 it works for okay it works for 3 & 9 okay there are all this other rules that you can apply to other numbers and we'll get into that but for this this cross sum rule it works for threes and nines let's see if then okay let's see the proof let's write down the kind of number that we might be interested in let's just write it down as follows so the number n let's just write this and it's gonna be an M plus one digit number okay which we might write like this okay so we've got a zero in the ones a 1 in the tens and so on let's actually write down what this number is sort of algebraically so what this means that n is really 10 to the N times a n plus 10 to the n minus 1 times n minus 1 plus 10 a 1 plus a 0 okay so that's what this number is okay any number in principle at this stage now let's write down the cross some okay so the cross 1 is easy to write down let's call it t R then okay that's just going to be the sum of all these individual positions so n plus a n minus 1 plus a little bit to a 1 plus a 0 ok now let's do that take away that do that we can end - tear then okay let's see what we're gonna get so in this position we'll get 10 to the N minus 1 n plus 10 to the N minus 1 minus 1 a n minus 1 you'll get similar things all along here you'll get 10 minus 1 a 1 and then the a zeros are canceled now look at what you've got you've got this is 9 right the next one in the series would be 99 this one is going to be a whole bunch of nines this one's going to be a one more 9 it'll have another 9 there so this is going to be all the nines all the nines they're all going to be nines so they're all divisible by 9 okay so I can pull out a factor of 9 so this is always going to be 9 times some whole number if the cross sum is divisible by 9 this is divisible by 9 then this better be divisible by 9 and similarly if the cross sum is divisible by 3 this is definitely divisible by 3 then this number the original number must be divisible by 3 that's the proof dead simple right then easy to prove okay why does that only work with nines and threes precisely because the fact that you take the fact that you take out is 9 okay that's why so that you know basically you can only do it for threes and nines then so they're a bunch of these rules some some of which are easier than others and we can go through them right and so one okay that's these pretty easy the second something's divisible by one two is easy it just has to be an even number three's we've done what about fours okay what's the divisibility rule for four okay I'm gonna write you down a multiple of four one four five six three to viewers can check if that's a multiple of four directly we know it is how do we know it is the way you do the four check is you just look at the last two digits okay and you ask yourself are the last two digits divisible by four if they are are that seen off so here it's 32 that's divisible by four I don't need to worry about the rest and it's easy to see why because these are a hundreds thousands tens thousands hundred is divisible by four a thousands divisible by four and so on all the all the higher powers of ten are divisible by force and the only thing you need to check out the last two so for that are easy as well it's a really easy test fives pretty easy does it end in 5 or 0 6 is well there you have to do the two tests and the three tests okay so you check is it even and then you do your your cross on test for threes and it has to pass both it has to pass both yes sevens we're gonna come back the seven sevens 7 is a notoriously magical and mystical number right and sevens are the hardest of these you know of these sort of lower numbers for doing the air divisibility test so we'll come back to 7 layer 8 let's try eights ok so here's an example 1 7 5 2 4 6 4 so again viewers can check that this this is indeed a a multiple of 8 directly how do we check in well it's very similar to the four tests but it comes in an extra stage well it depends how good you mental arithmetic is actually okay so what you do is so whereas with fours we check the last two digits with 8 we check the last three digits okay so we look at this 4 6 4 and we ask is that guy divisible by 8 if that guy's divisible by 8 then this guy's guaranteed to be divisible by 8 again why does it works very similar reason to the N to the fours so basically because the thousands the 10 thousands and so on and all the higher powers of 10 are automatically divisible by 8 so you don't need to look at the last three but then about you Brady but my mental arithmetic is not good enough to check of straight away whether that number is divisible by 8 but there is a test for checking very easily but if you've got a three-digit number whether it's divisible by 8 let's take this case 4 6-4 what we do is we take these two digits here okay 46 and we multiply that by 2 and then we add the other digit okay if you do that you get 96 now my men arithmetic is just about good enough to know that that is a multiple of 8 okay so if this number is a multiple of 8 then this number is a multiple of 8 and by association so is this number so it's a two-stage test so let's just prove this three-digit test for the multiples of 8 is again quite easy so we just take N and the number that we're interested in well let's write it is a hundred times 82 plus 10 times 81 plus a 0 the test we're going to perform is let's call it TN is basically we take you know the first two digits so that's like 10 a 2 plus a 1 okay and we multiply that by 2 and then we add the other one which is a 0 now take these two away from one another then you get n minus TN what are you gonna get you're gonna get 100 minus 20 a 2's that's 80 a 2 you get 10 minus 2 a 1 that's 8 a 1 and the a zeros cancel you can probably see it now right basically if this number is divisible by 8 which is the thing that was the thing that was our test so if the test number is divisible by 8 this is guaranteed to be divisible by 8 then that's gonna be divisible late that's why works should we carry on all right okay what we don't know is already so tens I think you know motives can work out tens living as we do in our in our base-10 world so let's do the test for 11s dead simple really easy test okay so let's pick a number this you can check if you use your calculator this is a multiple of 11 okay so let's do the test okay so the first thing you do when you do the Elevens test is you have to reverse the number okay so you reverse the order of the number so you write it as nine six six five two oh five and now you don't take the cross some of this number you take the alternating cross what do I mean by that well that means I do nine minus six plus six minus five plus two minus zero plus five then I think it is summer look I think it's 11 okay so again the rule is if the number you end up with here is a multiple of 11 then the number you started out with is a multiple of 11 so if it have been 22 or we got 22 yeah that would have guaranteed the original number is a multiple of 11 gosh that's really obscure yeah we can prove it if you want that's quite quite easy to prove but there's another sort of flight sort of take on the card trick that you can do for this one it needs you to be slightly quick with your with your mental arithmetic so basically you lay out a bunch of cards I don't know any other let's let's not worry too much about what it is okay and let's take five a five digit number okay so you want to start off with something that's not going to be a multiple of 11 curious check whether this one is or isn't it before we proceed any way ahead of that no it's not good just played our random number here okay and now you're gonna show how clever you are by you're just gonna say I'm gonna add one card and make it a multiple of 11 okay so how do you do that I can't do that thing in my head reversing and alternating across some okay let's see if I can do it okay so it's you have to do it yes you have to think the answer in your head okay so I'm gonna you yes okay right yes I know how do you thought okay I need another card yeah okay so I need to uh huh okay I think that should do it yeah so if you've got much fewer mental arithmetic it's bad man you'll do this in no time so you were reversing that number then alternate yeah so I was adding I was I was doing the cross one at the alternating cross I'm in Reverse right five minus three plus one minus two plus four I think is five okay so I need to take off that that would get me to zero which is definitely a multiple of 11 using the goal is to get so multiple of 11 you can also start playing around putting numbers at the start but it gets a bit more complicated but all right let's try it okay 5 4 2 1 3 5 / 11 yay okay so obviously you need to be pretty sharp limit or if it's sick to do this one which I'm afraid I'm not twelves twelves wells Wells is just you build it from the fours and threes okay so it's the same as he just you do the four tests and then you do the the three tests so that's easy and that just has to pass by faster pass based yeah yeah we could go on and but let's come back to sevens okay cuz we skip sevens which is a bit naughty sevens are hard sevens are notoriously hard [Music] there is a reasonably simple one but it also reminds me a friend of mine I got a friend called nori nori is a lot of things but he is not a mathematician but he has this this thing he can do where he if he sees a number he can tell immediately whether it's a multiple of seven and it's really strange he's sort of like he sort of season number in a cloud in his mind and then if he's sort of warm towards it if he feels like a friendship towards he then that means it's a multiple of seven this is totally real just totally he's not as I said he's not a mathematician he did English at uni but yet he has this rather unusual thing that he has how did you find out that he has this ability how does that come up in conversation I know he likes to talk about himself a lot who's always got a coffee at some point do you test him do you can do it there's no known lesson about you can totally do yeah so you can go to about five digits and then he starts to feel physical effects apparently at that point video with nori well the irony was he was but I told her I thought I mentioned this he he decided that a whole video should be about him this is typical nori but I said the whole video is not going to be about you know but maybe it is hey let us have a picture of him to put on the screen no he will love to have a picture of himself on the screen okay so how do I do okay so we got a multiple of seven let me write it down I know he looked at that number he'd start to seal his friendship feelings of warmth and all that right okay so the seventh test the simplest one I could find is the following you take the blocks of three okay so this block of three here nine eight four and then we do like an alternating sum again so we don't take the next block of three which is this one we take it away nine seven six and then we add we keep going like this the next block is going to be a six of course we stop here okay if we had more we'd keep doing this in an in an alternating way okay so now you actually calculate this thing and which is obviously pretty easy to do so that is going to be I think 14 so if the result is a multiple of seven that guarantees that the original number is a multiple of seven I imagine quite often we're going to get negative numbers on this this test that's fine that they can be negative numbers it can be a multiple of seven it's just a and negative number x times something this was actually a really really simple example and it was pure luck that it turned out to be so simple normally you're going to end up with a three-digit number here right so you're faced with the question of is that three-digit number a multiple of seven which generally is not gonna be that easy and so let's do another example maybe quickly just to see how that can arise here I have another little number which happens to be a multiple of seven so I do one two three - eight seven - and I am gonna get this it turns out to be minus seven four nine that's be hard isn't it Brady that's beyond my mental arithmetic that's for sure okay so we're going to now do another three three digit test on sevens is that really but I mean seven four nine actually is pretty easy that's really easy this is the bell finger probe okay okay but let's pretend it's hard but what would be the test that we do okay so you take your seven we don't need to worry about a minus so you take your seven forty-nine okay so we take this number here which is 74 and we take off twice this number here okay so two times nine okay that's 56 and then the issue is is this a multiple of seven which of course it is okay that would guarantee that this is and by association this is this this test for three digits it's quite straightforward to prove proving that these blocks of three works is it's not so easy you can prove it okay you can't prove it and it relies on two facts we're not going to do the proof the first fact that you need to prove this is that this number is basically seven times 11 times their team okay so actually what's the point about is that it's a multiple of seven the other fact that you need to know is that imagine 99999 is also a multiple of certain and it's this multiple of seven so this is a multiple of seven this is a multiple of seven these are the two facts you need to prove this set particular sevens test but it's quite an elaborate it's yeah it's it's it's it's yeah exactly it's it's it's not it's not particularly entertaining proof notice by the way that's got this number in here do you remember that number I do isn't that the one where you can like cycle yeah yeah yeah we did we did a video on that number fact I think we even probably showed that result I'm quite it sort of pleased me that that reappeared okay okay so there is you can do one in all generality okay and which I don't know how exciting this is but we can do it with an example any number ends in one three seven or nine you know you might need to use a few iterations of it to actually get get down to the to the bottom but yeah there is a general test so let's let's do an example okay so I can illustrate the general test another piece of paper and yeah why not so let's try it for 23 okay so the first thing that you have to do is let's start with 23 this we're gonna look at we want to ask things in a 23 times table we're never we're gonna test for is this number which is in the 23 times table so the test goes in various stages first thing you've got to do is you've got to generate a new number from this guy okay I'm gonna call it the divvy number okay from 23 from 23 I'm going to generate 23 divvy number so the first thing you have to do is you have to multiply this by something to make it end in nine okay so if you've got a number ending in three to make it end in a nine you just multiply it by three okay so that will give us 69 so you can now got a number that ends in a nine okay if you had if your number ended in a one or a seven or a nine so it wasn't 23 it was twenty-one or 27 or 29 you would multiply by a different number to get it to end in a nine okay it would still be one of one three seven and nine but you just use something else the goal is to get something to ends and I know okay once you've got some of the ends and a nine you then add one okay so that's easy that gives us something that's a multiple of ten it's guaranteed to be a multiple of ten okay in our case it's 70 now once you've got this multiple of ten you just divide by ten okay so let's divide this by 10 and we obviously get seven okay this is our divvy number so what's the test okay so now we've got our divvy number we've got our number that we're interested in looking at and so the thing you have to do is you have to write this number in the form 10 T plus Q now that if I do that that means that T is 103 and Q is 5 now using your Divya number what you do is you create so let's call the divvy number M okay it creates a new number which is this thing okay so let's calculate what this is okay so M is 7 Q is 5 and this is 103 that happens to be 138 which hopefully you mentally over to rithmetic is good enough to check with that that see that that is a multiple of 23 so if the number you end up with here is a multiple of the 23 then the number you are testing is a multiple of 23 so you can adapt this method to any number that ends in 1 3 7 or 9 and it will work ok what it relies on is that the numbers constructed in this way it's guaranteed that if something divides this number then it it will also divide this number okay and you can easily prove that not too difficult to prove okay not the easiest process to run through but no it's not but then it's applying to any number but this is this is completely general thing now it doesn't apply to numbers divisible by 5 it almost applies to all the odd numbers but the idea is that the goal is the challenge of course is to get you've got to get it's very important that you get to this point where you have a something that ends in a 9 that's what you need and then so you do this add one business blah blah blah right so that's that's important as course that works with the 1 threes 7s and nines that you can do that for do you like that it's general it's not particularly I mean come on how good yield 33,000 table Brady exactly but do you look at that and think oh that's a cute trick or do you think y'all that was bit of a mess if you want to know what I like about it is so when I found out about it a sort of immediately wanted to prove it okay I wanted to see why it works that's what that's what I think that's true of anybody who's so into math is okay it works why does it work let's prove it you immediately sit down and prove it to yourself and you and you understand why it works and I think that's where what I liked when I saw why it worked which is in the proof so I think we should leave the viewers to prove it right here we go how many numbers below 200 have exactly three divisors for example 4 has 1 2 & 4 itself but how many more might exist this is a new problem from brilliant today's episode sponsor for a while I've been talking about brilliants problems of the week but I'm excited to see they now have daily problems I also like this one about chess bores and dominoes of course brilliant still has all their top-end courses and quizzes spanning all sorts of mathematical and science topics and they're still offering 20% off a premium subscription to numberphile viewers simply go to brilliant org slash numberphile to check it out there's plenty of free stuff on the site but a premium subscription might be worth a look and after today's video I hope you might do well with questions like these ones our thanks to brilliant go to brilliant door org slash numberphile for more information god worst contry go well if you've got patient audience you guys do


hey
everyone
so
my
last
video
i
started
deploying
my
new
home
network
but
as
much
as
i
like
my
little
desktop
setup
especially
with
the
little
feet
i
used
it
doesn't
give
me
much
freedom
to
expand
the
network
for
that
i'd
need
a
rack
so
that's
my
mission
in
this
video
but
first
let's
remove
this
windows
10
watermark
with
today's
video
sponsor
scdkey
they're
for
cheap
oem
windows
10
keys
so
just
head
over
there
using
the
link
in
the
description
down
below
if
you
enter
the
discount
code
tpc
at
checkout
you'll
save
yourself
an
additional
15
off
the
key
is
delivered
immediately
and
you
can
just
search
for
activate
on
your
pc
and
input
the
code
there
click
activate
and
the
watermark
is
gone
so
back
to
the
video
so
i
was
tweeting
about
this
pen
outcome
12
you
rack
that
i
really
like
the
look
of
and
the
manufacturer
reached
out
to
me
and
offered
me
a
discount
on
it
as
well
as
offering
to
powder
coat
all
of
the
accessories
white
so
that
they
match
the
white
rack
so
massive
shout
out
to
pen
outcome
for
making
this
project
possible
so
i'm
very
excited
to
take
a
look
at
my
pen
outcome
r6400
series
12u
rack
which
i
went
for
in
white
with
the
vented
front
panel
instead
of
the
windowed
version
as
i
want
my
networking
hardware
to
have
as
much
natural
air
movement
through
the
rack
as
possible
this
is
the
shallower
version
of
this
rack
so
it's
better
suited
for
networking
equipment
instead
of
server
gear
but
you
can
still
get
shallow
server
cases
that
will
fit
so
that'll
probably
be
a
future
build
project
the
rails
are
reversible
so
you
can
choose
between
either
using
m6
screws
or
just
using
cage
nuts
i
found
the
m6
screws
to
be
quite
difficult
to
install
though
and
i
had
to
use
a
lot
of
force
to
install
them
so
i'm
planning
on
just
using
the
cage
nuts
instead
there's
two
removable
side
panels
and
these
give
you
access
to
the
panels
that
have
been
designed
for
cable
management
the
rack
has
mounts
for
three
120
millimeter
fans
and
in
the
future
i'll
put
some
notches
up
here
for
additional
cooling
as
needed
i
did
have
an
issue
with
the
original
door
and
the
lock
of
my
unit
i
think
it
was
damaged
somehow
in
shipping
but
i
was
swiftly
sent
a
replacement
door
and
the
new
one
works
flawlessly
before
i
relocate
this
rack
to
my
bedroom
i
first
have
a
few
things
to
install
which
will
be
easy
to
do
out
here
firstly
i've
decided
that
this
top
rail
hull
is
the
best
place
for
cables
to
enter
and
exit
the
rack
so
i'm
gonna
be
installing
a
one
new
brush
panel
here
it
should
not
only
make
it
look
nicer
but
should
also
protect
the
cables
from
any
possible
sharp
corners
i
didn't
have
the
right
screws
for
this
but
some
bolts
and
occasionals
did
the
job
next
i've
decided
to
move
the
rails
forward
so
they're
more
central
i'm
not
sure
if
i'm
supposed
to
do
this
but
i
want
to
position
my
pdu
towards
the
middle
of
the
rack
and
moving
the
rails
allows
me
to
do
so
my
power
setup
will
evolve
with
time
but
for
now
i'm
using
this
six
plug
surge
protected
pdu
it
was
quite
difficult
to
install
and
i
ended
up
taking
a
bit
of
paint
off
of
the
rails
but
i
managed
to
get
it
in
the
end
with
that
in
place
it's
time
to
start
filling
the
rack
in
the
first
year
i'm
gonna
be
installing
something
that
no
project
can
be
without
the
rgb
when
i
first
saw
this
led
strip
i
didn't
think
that
it
was
long
enough
and
that
it
would
therefore
give
me
uneven
light
but
it's
surprisingly
bright
and
gives
off
enough
light
for
the
entire
empty
rack
next
up
to
cover
the
pdu
but
to
still
give
me
access
to
it
i'm
going
to
be
installing
a
2u
hinged
panel
but
mine
is
no
ordinary
to
you
hinge
panel
for
a
design
has
been
uv
printed
onto
it
by
pen
outcome
this
was
something
they
offered
to
do
for
me
and
i
thought
it'd
be
really
cool
especially
if
you
don't
normally
see
this
level
of
customization
on
our
home
networking
store
i
came
up
with
a
design
that
matches
the
name
of
my
home
network
mycelial
all
of
my
pc
builds
have
a
flower
or
plant
name
so
inspired
by
star
trek's
mycelium
network
and
also
the
fact
that
mycelium
irl
is
seen
as
the
biological
internet
i
went
with
the
name
mycelial
thinking
it
wax
and
i'm
really
happy
with
how
this
panel
came
out
it
looks
so
cool
i
really
like
it
i
have
this
installed
i
can
open
it
and
get
easy
access
to
the
power
management
area
or
you
know
i
can
close
it
and
everything
looking
nice
and
clean
and
with
it
just
below
the
lighting
it
really
pops
so
i've
now
moved
the
rack
to
my
bedroom
which
is
where
i'll
be
living
for
the
foreseeable
future
and
you
can
see
compared
to
my
nas
on
my
previous
setup
it's
pretty
big
but
it
does
fit
here
quite
nicely
so
now
to
start
installing
the
networking
equipment
it
took
a
lot
of
planning
to
come
up
with
the
best
layout
for
everything
but
in
the
end
i
decided
to
install
my
ubiquity
udm
pro
first
because
i
like
the
idea
of
having
the
start
of
the
network
at
the
top
of
the
rack
and
working
my
way
down
unfortunately
this
is
where
i
ran
into
a
bit
of a
problem
these
screws
and
washers
are
a
little
too
large
and
that
means
that
my
hinge
panel
no
longer
opens
and
closes
i
decided
to
fix
this
by
ordering
some
rack
studs
as
i've
heard
good
things
about
them
but
that
meant
waiting
a couple
of
days
for
them
to
arrive
so
i'm
back
and
i
swapped
out
the
cage
nuts
for
rack
studs
annoyingly
as
i
was
doing
this
i
realized
that
i
already
owned
a
pot
of
m6
screws
that
had
smaller
heads
and
that
would
therefore
fix
my
issue
installing
these
should
be
straightforward
first
you
install
the
stud
with
the
clip
facing
towards
the
inside
of
the
rack
then
you
take
this
little
lock
piece
and
push
that
into
place
it
can
only
fit
one
way
then
you're
able
to
use
the
nut
to
secure
your
equipment
however
they
weren't
all
straightforward
sometimes
i
could
get
the
studying
with
a
bit
of
force
but
the
fit
was
so
tight
that
the
only
way
to
install
the
lock
piece
was
to
use
a
nut
and
compress
it
in
and
with
a
few
of
them
off
camera
it
took
two
pairs
of
pliers
to
get
the
studding
at
all
i
think
what
it
is
is
that
the
thickness
of
the
paint
on
this
rack
results
in
the
square
holes
being
slightly
smaller
than
standard
the
next
thing
i'm
going
to
install
is
this
one
new
mesh
cover
panel
the
reason
for
this
is
that
i
wanted
to
leave
an
empty
one
you
spot
for
a
potential
future
10
gigabit
ethernet
upgrade
and
i
just
thought
that
having
something
there
would
be
better
than
leaving
it
empty
a
10
gig
switch
would
be
the
next
thing
in
the
chain
so
installing
it
directly
under
the
udm
pro
makes
sense
to
me
under
that
i'm
installing
a
24
port
keystone
patch
panel
this
allows
me
to
install
keystones
which
basically
allow
you
to
install
any
ports
that
you
desire
for
my
needs
i'm
going
with
white
cat6
rj45
couplers
they'll
allow
me
to
run
a
long
cable
into
the
back
of
the
panel
and
then
have
a
short
and
tidy
patch
cable
from
the
front
and
into
my
switch
the
problem
with
keystones
though
is
they
don't
seem
to
be
a
very
precise
standard
and
this
means
that
you
can
run
into
compatibility
problems
like
i
have
here
no
amount
of
force
will
allow
me
to
get
these
into
place
because
the
front
of
the
keystone
hits
the
back
of
the
front
panel
rather
than
aligning
with
the
hole
my
solution
has
been
to
file
a
notch
into
the
side
where
there's
no
metal
contacts
so
this
won't
affect
the
functionality
at
all
but
this
notch
allows
the
keystone
to
sit
just
a
little
lower
which
means
it
can
make
the
pivot
necessary
to
fit
into
the
hole
i've
only
installed
10
keystones
for
now
but
i'll
come
back
later
off
camera
and
finish
the
rest
the
reason
for
installing
the
keystone
patch
panel
here
is
that
it's
a
good
central
location
for
running
patch
cables
from
especially
if
i
do
make
that
10
gigabit
switch
upgrade
but
importantly
it
should
leave
a
lot
of
open
air
around
my
passively
called
poe
switch
which
is
what
i'm
installing
next
i
must
say
that
once
you've
gone
through
the
hassle
of
getting
them
installed
the
rackstars
do
make
installing
equipment
easier
the
next
thing
i
want
to
install
is
a
couple
of
2u
shelves
again
i
went
with
mesh
instead
of
solid
panels
because
i
want
to
have
as
much
passive
ventilation
wherever
possible
throughout
the
rack
there's
a
lot
of
my
design
here
that
isn't
a
very
efficient
use
of
space
i've
used
for
you
at
the
top
just
for
lighting
and
power
and
for
you
at
the
bottom
for
storage
but
this
is
just
my
initial
install
and
i
can
move
things
around
if
i
need
to
reclaim
space
in
the
future
so
i've
just
done
some
care
management
off-camera
and
have
all
of
my
power
cables
arranged
on
the
left
side
of
the
rack
i
really
need
to
buy
some
short
cables
to
tidy
this
up
by
connecting
to
the
pdu
like
this
though
i
should
be
able
to
upgrade
to
ups
easier
in
the
future
i've
also
wired
everything
around
my
room
to
the
back
of
the
keystone
patch
panel
so
it's
now
time
for
the
front
patch
cables
and
for
that
i've
imported
some
from
america
these
are
mono
price
slim
run
cat6a
cables
and
they're
pink
although
they
were
supposed
to
all
arrive
in
the
same
light
pink
color
but
instead
they
seem
to
have
two
different
shades
of
pink
this
is
poor
from
monoprice
but
thankfully
i
actually
like
the
mix
of
colors
and
may
eventually
buy
some
purple
ones
to
add
to
the
hue
that
i'm
going
for
but
i
really
like
these
slim
round
cables
they're
crazy
thin
and
the
same
transparent
blue
connectors
give
them
a
retro
feel
sort
of
you
know
game
boy
cartridge-esque
i'll
probably
play
around
with
these
cables
some
more
and
get
them
perfected
but
i
think
they
look
great
with
that
done
and
the
network
switch
back
on
i'm
essentially
back
to
exactly
where
i
started
except
it's
now
all
in
a
rack
but
the
exciting
thing
about
this
relocation
is
that
from
here
on
i
have
the
capacity
for
expansion
and
upgrades
so
the
first
thing
that
i'm
adding
to
my
network
is
a
pie
hull
without
getting
too
technical
because
i'm
no
networking
expert
a
pie
hole
acts
as
a
network-wide
ad
blocker
so
everything
from
pcs
to
phones
to
smart
tvs
will
see
the
benefits
of
netapp
blocker
including
increased
privacy
security
and
even
improved
battery
life
for
my
pie
hut
i've
gone
for
a
2
gigabyte
raspberry
pi
4
model
b
even
though
this
is
considered
to
be
overkill
for
a
buy
hole
my
reasoning
for
going
with
the
pi
4
is
that
i
want
to
power
my
power
hole
through
power
over
ethernet
so
the
ethernet
cable
is
also
providing
power
for
that
though
i
need
to
upgrade
my
pie
hole
with
a
poe
hat
the
one
i've
gone
for
is
made
by
uc
tronix
i
like
how
small
this
version
is
and
i've
gone
with
the
fanless
variant
but
there
is
a
version
of
a
fan
available
also
patches
small
heatsink
to
install
on
the
cpu
i've
then
added
a
32gb
sd
card
which
i've
already
installed
the
raspberry
pi
os
onto
all
together
this
brings
the
cost
to
my
pi
hole
to
just
over
60
pound
but
if
you're
interested
in
adding
a
pi
hole
to
your
network
you
can
do
it
for
less
than
half
of
this
amount
if
you
go
over
pi
zero
and
usb
power
before
i
get
this
pie
into
a
case
this
is
a
great
time
to
get
the
pie
hole
software
installed
so
i've
plugged
in
a
wireless
usb
keyboard
and
mouse
as
well
as
a
hdmi
cable
and
an
ethernet
cable
thanks
to
it
being
poe
i
need
to
run
an
ethernet
cable
from
my
switch
and
the
pi
immediately
powers
on
this
isn't
meant
as
a
guide
but
it's
all
really
straightforward
and
i've
kept
everything
with
the
default
suggested
settings
as
i
can
always
go
back
and
reconfigure
it
later
how
it
works
is
when
something
tries
to
access
the
internet
for
example
a
banner
ad
placement
contacting
its
servers
for
an
ad
to
deliver
it
first
reaches
the
biohole
where
if
it's
on
the
blacklist
it
will
be
blocked
but
if
it's
not
in
the
blacklist
it
will
be
allowed
through
to
your
normal
dns
provider
and
to
its
end
destination
the
technical
term
for
this
is
a
dns
sinkhole
now
that
it's
all
set
up
all
i
need
to
do
is
set
the
dns
server
on
my
router
to
the
ip
address
on
the
pi
hull
and
i've
set
google's
as
the
backup
dns
and
then
i
can
log
into
the
admin
panel
of
the
pi
hole
and
see
how
it's
doing
from
here
i
can
easily
disable
and
re-enable
it
in
order
to
run
some
comparison
tests
so
firstly
on
my
pc
with
no
other
ad
block
running
you
can
see
what
ads
look
like
on
speedtest.net
and
then
if
i
get
the
pile
running
you
can
see
they've
all
gone
where
piho
really
excels
though
versus
just
using
an
ad
block
browser
plug-in
on
your
pc
is
that
it
covers
your
entire
network
so
for
example
if
i
load
up
a
random
phone
game
then
you
can
see
there's
no
annoying
balance
on
the
screen
thanks
to
the
buy
hull
because
my
phone
is
getting
older
now
i've
noticed
ads
and
games
will
cause
stuttering
as
they
load
in
they
really
do
have
an
impact
on
your
performance
on
an
older
device
it's
not
perfect
and
some
ads
get
through
but
i
can
always
add
to
the
blacklist
if
i
want
better
coverage
the
worst
ads
are
the
ones
that
cover
gameplay
elements
so
even
the
placeholder
add
text
is
an
improvement
over
those
so
now
it's
time
to
install
my
pie
hole
into
the
rack
properly
and
for
that
i
need
a
case
and
this
is
where
things
get
really
cool
i
managed
to
get
in
touch
with
my
electronics
who
are
a
small
company
based
in
holland
and
they've
designed
and
manufactured
a
rack
mount
case
for
the
raspberry
pi
and
my
electronics
sent
out
their
pro
enclosure
for
me
to
take
a
look
at
and
install
into
my
setup
it's
made
out
of
black
powder
coated
aluminium
and
fits
four
raspberry
pies
and
a
key
stain
for
each
which
for
example
can
be
used
to
add
front
panel
hdmi
ports
around
the
back
there's
mounting
locations
for
optional
power
supplies
but
i
won't
be
using
those
as
i'm
going
poe
there's
also
four
40
millimeter
fan
mounts
and
i
think
you
might
potentially
getting
some
notches
for
here
but
i
want
to
see
how
it
does
passively
first
i'm
only
using
two
of
the
four
screws
to
install
my
pie
i
could
remove
the
pov
hat
and
install
the
other
two
underneath
as
they
would
fit
but
honestly
two
screws
is
enough
to
keep
such
a
small
lightweight
board
in
place
so
with
my
pie
now
installed
into
the
enclosure
it's
time
to
give
it
a
friend
and
install
a
second
one
i
haven't
decided
what
to
use
this
second
one
for
yet
but
once
i
have
i'll
add
a
third
and
a
fourth
pie
to
the
case
so
i
never
really
understood
the
whole
home
lab
thing
like
i
get
having
an
epic
home
network
but
having
networking
gear
purely
to
play
with
never
really
appealed
to
me
personally
and
yet
here
i
am
installing
something
before
i've
even
decided
what
to
use
it
for
which
is
typical
home
lab
behavior
if
you
ask
me
oh
no
it's
starting
for
this
second
pie
as
it
isn't
configured
and
there's
no
way
to
remote
into
it
yet
i'm
installing
a
hdmi
keystone
in
order
to
keep
the
cable
tucked
away
i
decided
to
mount
this
in
the
fourth
pie
slot
i
then
snapped
off
the
little
cover
plates
put
the
cover
back
on
and
got
it
installed
into
the
rack
i
really
like
this
pie
case
it
looks
great
and
gives
me
a lot
of
options
for
future
upgrades
but
it's
definitely
a
luxury
item
as
it's
not
cheap
i
imagine
though
the
raspberry
pi
5
will
use
the
same
screw
mounts
as
the
price
before
it
so
i'll
be
able
to
continue
to
use
this
case
for
many
years
to
come
i'm
considering
adding
some
final
accents
to
it
in
the
future
though
to
type
more
into
the
color
theme
of
the
rest
of
the
rack
finally
the
last
thing
for
me
to
do
in
this
video
is
to
get
the
garage
network
deployed
and
for
this
i'm
going
to
be
installing
a
switch
and
a
wireless
access
point
so
far
i've
got
a
cable
that
runs
from
the
rack
to
a
poe
injector
this
then
connects
to
a
thick
outdoor
rated
cable
which
makes
the
journey
to
the
garage
and
ends
up
here
what
i've
decided
to
do
is
run
the
fit
cable
to
this
it's
maybe
for
surge
protection
but
i'm
using
it
as
a
coupler
to
keep
things
still
tidy
i
know
i'm
marking
it
incorrectly
and
as
a
result
it
sticks
out
at
strange
angle
but
this
carriage
is
moldy
and
covered
in
spiders
so
if
it's
not
going
to
appear
on
camera
in
future
videos
then
i'm
honestly
not
going
to
worry
about
it
from
this
i'm
running
a
more
manageable
cable
to
a
switch
and
for
this
i'm
using
ubiquity
usw
flex
which
is
an
outdoor
radio
gigabit
switch
but
also
not
only
powered
by
poe
but
also
provides
poe
power
to
its
four
output
ports
how
much
power
you
have
to
work
with
depends
on
how
you
power
it
though
running
straight
from
the
switch
in
my
rack
it
would
have
a
20
watt
power
budget
however
since
i've
been
running
cameras
from
it
in
the
future
i'm
pairing
it
with
a
60
watt
pob
injector
which
gives
the
switch
a
total
power
budget
of
46
watts
and
i've
chosen
this
color
of
the
garage
for
it
because
it's
right
next
to
the
area
where
i
film
which
means
that
i
can
run
cables
to
a
pc
or
test
bench
really
easily
finally
for
the
access
point
i've
gone
for
ubiquity
uap
flex
hd
which
is
a
really
versatile
form
factor
that
has
a
range
of
mounting
options
with
tabletop
wool
and
pool
mounts
included
but
with
recessed
ceiling
mounts
also
available
this
is
the
older
wi-fi
five
version
as
i've
had
it
for
a
while
now
but
switching
to
the
wi-fi
six
variant
would
be
easy
to
do
in
the
future
if
i
need
the
upgrade
this
is
also
outdoor
rated
which
is
great
because
the
garage
is
practically
outside
so
i
never
have
to
worry
about
this
or
the
switch
deteriorating
out
here
long
term
i
could
run
a
cable
and
have
this
mounted
anywhere
in
the
garage
but
i've
decided
to
keep
it
close
to
the
switch
because
i
think
it'll
be
cool
to
have
a
little
networking
area
in
the
background
on
my
b-roll
but
more
practically
this
is
the
furthest
away
spot
for
my
bedroom's
access
point
so
i
should
cover
the
most
ground
and
wi-fi
with
it
here
after
doing
a
bit
of
cable
management
with
some
cable
clips
this
is
how
the
install
looks
and
i
really
like
it
i
do
think
it
looks
too
nice
to
be
out
in
the
garage
if
i'm
honest
one
of
the
cool
little
additions
that
this
wrap
has
is
the
ability
to
customize
the
color
of
the
lighting
ring
on
top
so
i
can
have
this
match
the
pink
and
purple
rgb
lighting
that
i
use
out
here
when
i'm
filming
which
should
hopefully
look
really
nice
so
prior
to
installing
this
out
here
i
run
a
speed
test
on
my
phone
where
i
was
connected
to
the
access
point
in
my
bedroom
which
resulted
in
me
getting
a
download
speed
of
41
megabits
per
second
all
the
way
out
here
in
the
garage
but
now
with
the
garage
having
its
own
access
point
my
connection
is
around
300
megabits
per
second
this
is
obviously
a
huge
increase
but
i
suspect
that
my
old
galaxy
s7
edge
is
the
limiting
factor
here
and
that
if
i
had
a
newer
device
i'd
get
an
even
more
impressive
result
so
this
is
where
i'm
going
to
end
this
video
this
was
actually
a
ton
of
work
and
took
me
forever
which
is
why
the
channel
has
unfortunately
been
dead
for
a
bit
but
i'm
really
happy
with
my
new
rack
setup
and
i
actually
prefer
about
the
door
on
which
is
kind
of
funny
after
waiting
a
week
for
a replacement
one
it
just
i
love
looking
at
it
so
pretty
i'm
looking
forward
to
playing
my
spare
pie
and
filling
the
other
two
slots
and
finally
having
a
decent
networking
setup
in
my
garage
is
so
great
so
please
let
me
know
what
you
think
of
everything
in
the
comments
below
and
hopefully
it
won't
be
as
long
for
my
next
upload
if
you
want
to
know
what
i'm
actively
working
on
and
also
want
to
try
and
get
me
to
upload
more
there's
a
link
in
the
description
below
to
my
patreon
which
now
gives
you
access
to
my
discord
which
i
want
every
day
and
have
been
having
a
lot
of
fun
with
so
yeah
if
you
like
this
video
please
hit
the like
button
don't
forget
to
subscribe
if
you
haven't
already
and
you
want
to see
more
videos
and
thank
you
for
watching


one of the most remarkable things about the mathematician ramanujan was that he was mostly self-taught today i would like to show you the math book that ramanujan read when he was 16 and it is said to have been one of the key factors in awakening his genius that book is a synopsis of elementary results in pure and applied mathematics by g s carr now this book might not have been the best choice but it's what ramanujan could get his hands on he was quite poor and a friend lent him a library copy of this book the book was a collection of around 5 000 mathematical theorems and ramanujan studied it in great detail the author was a private tutor for students preparing for exams such as the cambridge university mathematical tripos and the book was written to be kind of an aid for these students in preparing for the exam and it wasn't really intended to be a stand-alone teaching resource the author mentions this in the preface of the book saying that it is arranged with the view of assisting the student in the task of revision to this end i have in many cases merely indicated the salient points of a demonstration or merely referred to the theorems by which the proposition is proved he says that it should be a similar pleasure to a traveler who is discovering the roads for themselves with the assistance of a map the concise nature of the book is quite important because it may have influenced ramanujan's own approach to writing down mathematics he was famous for not really giving any proofs of his discoveries and in the first letter that he wrote to professor hardy where he laid out pages and pages of his mathematical discoveries he didn't give any proofs of them or indicate where they really came from and in hardy's response to ramanujan he said you know these look promising but before i can believe them i need to see your proofs and much of the collaboration and the years that followed between hardy and ramanujan was about hardy teaching ramanujan how to write these formal proofs such that his work could get published so maybe that was the influence of the writing style in this book but it could have been some other factors as well paper would have been quite expensive for ramanujan so maybe that's why he chose to only write down his final results and he did his working elsewhere he might have also thought that it was unnecessary to write down any proofs because maybe to him if someone asked him where an equation came from he could just see it in his mind so let's have a look at some of the pages of this book and we'll have a look at how the author describes things the book is huge and it starts off with some basic algebra factors are the very first thing that is mentioned but then it accelerates through the theory of equations trigonometry geometry conics it lays a foundation for differential and integral calculus and differential equations it also covers some pretty advanced ideas that even i don't understand and there are some words here that i don't think i've seen before ramanujan published his first journal paper when he was 24 and was published in the journal of the indian mathematical society and it was about properties of the bernoulli numbers now bernoulli numbers are defined in the text but there isn't any mention of their properties so perhaps this inspired ramanujan to want to fill in the blanks on page 359 we can see where ramanujan likely first learned about the gamma function and the gamma function went on to feature a lot in ramanujan's work so much so that he mentioned it as one of the results he was most proud of in his first letter to hardy there's also a mention of things like infinite series and their convergence or divergence and that's another thing that i think was really important to ramanujan's thinking and perhaps this is where he first got inspired so do i think that you should go and try to read this book well no i don't i don't think that there is anything particularly special about this book and i think in the case of ramanujan what was special was the reader i think that the best book to learn math from is the one that you can get your hands on whether it's from the local library or from a second-hand bookstore or lent from a friend like in the case of romanogen then that's probably going to do you just fine as long as it's pitched at the level that you're looking for i think that this synopsis of mathematics that we've spoken about is probably a bit difficult for most people certainly not the easiest book to learn math from but in the description i have linked to a free pdf of it if you really do want to use it as your resource or just have a little look at it a bit more out of curiosity if you do want some book recommendations i've made videos on books for learning mathematics and books for learning physics so i'll link them down in the description along with a few other resources including the subreddit r learn math now you can read about maths all you want but it will be doing practice problems and exercises for yourself that will really cement the ideas another resource is brilliant.org who have been a supporter of my channel for a long time and are the sponsor of this video if you are looking for an interactive resource where you can learn at your own pace then brilliant is a great option brilliant have over 60 courses in math science and computer science and you can sign up for free at brilliant.org tibby's and see if it's a good fit for you if it is then by using my link you can get 20 off a premium membership so thanks brilliant and thanks to my patreons including today's patreon cat of the day holly thanks for watching and i hope to see you next time


why
do
i
code
on
linux
i
keep
getting
asked
this
question
when
i'm
asking
y'all
should
i
stay
with
my
dual
boot
should
i
vm
should
i
wsl2
my
archlinux
distro
even
in
my
coding
videos
why
do
i
code
on
linux
i
actually
have
two
main
reasons
why
i
code
on
linux
instead
of
windows
and
i
also
want
to
talk
about
the
plenty
of
reasons
why
linux
is
better
than
windows
which
are
not
why
i
code
on
linux
and
use
linux
but
they're
nice
to
have
they're
icing
on
the
cake
if
you
will
let's
start
off
with
the
nice
to
haves
privacy
if
you
don't
know
windows
by
default
has
every
single
piece
of
data
collection
enabled
meaning
unless
you
go
in
and
change
that
they're
gathering
all
of
your
data
and
also
they
have
a
built-in
keylogger
did
you
know
that
they
have
now
implemented
the
ability
to
go
in
and
disable
the
keylogger
as
well
but
even
with
disabling
all
this
do
you
really
know
that
it's
actually
disabling
all
of
this
i
don't
know
with
linux
i
actually
have
privacy
there
are
some
distros
that
may
want
to
collect
some
of
your
data
but
you
can
really
go
in
and
actually
disable
these
and
if
you
don't
believe
it
you
can
actually
go
into
the
code
considering
the
fact
that
linux
is
open
source
there's
no
proprietary
software
or
anything
hidden
in
there
that
you
can't
access
and
disable
or
remove
so
with
linux
i
actually
have
privacy
and
with
today's
sponsor
of
this
video
privacy.com
you
can
too
that
was
the
linus
tech
tips
level
segue
you
got
to
give
me
some
credit
for
that
this
is
actually
kind
of
a
life
hack
that
i
discovered
using
privacy.com
and
i
want
to
share
it
with
y'all
i
just
want
to
walk
you
through
an
example
so
if
i
were
to
come
over
to
youtube
premium
i
try
it
free
but
when
you
try
it
for
free
for
any
type
of
free
trial
it
asks
you
for
a
credit
card
so
what
you
can
do
instead
of
trying
to
put
on
your
credit
card
and
then
cancel
it
if
you
don't
cancel
it
you
get
charged
you
come
over
to
privacy.com
you
make
a
new
card
you
create
the
card
i'm
gonna
name
this
youtube
free
trial
how
about
that
i'm
gonna
set
a
limit
of
one
dollar
single
use
we're
going
to
set
the
one
dollar
spend
limit
and
we
should
be
good
so
one
dollar
spend
limit
youtube
free
trial
if
i
come
over
i
click
on
privacy
it'll
open
this
up
and
this
is
my
unused
youtube
free
trial
i
can
use
this
card
it
is
a
single
use
and
i
can
start
my
one
month
free
trial
but
i
don't
have
to
worry
about
going
in
and
canceling
my
youtube
premium
i
don't
have
to
worry
about
canceling
anything
i
don't
have
to
worry
about
getting
charged
on
anything
because
this
will
come
in
and
close
itself
because
it's
a
single
use
and
that
was
the
single
use
i
could
also
come
in
here
and
close
it
myself
if
i
wanted
to
so
if
you
think
that
life
hack
is
beneficial
for
you
i
recommend
checking
out
privacy.com
or
if
you
care
about
security
or
if
you
just
want
a
free
five
dollars
because
if
you
sign
up
you're
able
to
spend
five
dollars
on
whatever
you
want
with
your
very
first
card
that
you
create
so
you
spend
15
at
amazon
well
guess
what
you
only
need
to
spend
10.
it's
not
like
some
gimmicky
thing
it's
actually
five
dollars
in
your
pocket
that
you
can
spend
on
whatever
you
want
use
the
link
privacy.com
forrest
i'd
greatly
appreciate
it
i
know
they
would
too
plus
you
get
five
dollars
linux
is
much
more
reliable
sure
it
has
its
quirks
but
i've
never
had
it
crash
my
entire
computer
and
waste
a
whole
day
of
work
reinstalling
windows
oh
and
speaking
of
windows
if
you're
wondering
why
i
have
windows
on
my
computer
right
now
i
don't
want
to
be
a
fake
and
be
like
i
only
use
links
no
i
also
use
windows
but
i
only
use
windows
still
because
adobe
cc
i've
tried
every
way
you
could
imagine
trying
to
get
a
wcc
on
linux
and
it
just
doesn't
work
how
i
need
it
to
and
gaming
that's
really
the
only
reason
but
reliability
why
do
you
think
the
biggest
tech
companies
in
the
world
use
linux
and
in
particular
linux
web
servers
facebook
is
run
on
linux
google
is
run
on
linux
amazon
uses
linux
even
most
super
computers
run
on
linux
why
linux
is
just
much
more
reliable
plain
and
simple
linux
is
more
secure
than
windows
and
there
are
two
main
reasons
for
this
one
because
there
are
fewer
amount
of
linux
users
hackers
don't
typically
target
linux
and
i'm
sure
it
also
helps
that
linux
users
are
typically
more
tech
savvy
than
windows
users
two
linux
is
open
source
now
you
may
be
saying
okay
well
that
could
mean
hackers
have
an
easier
end
because
the
more
you
know
about
a
system
the
easier
it
is
to
hack
it
right
right
this
is
true
but
because
it's
open
source
you
also
have
more
eyes
on
the
code
monitoring
for
issues
so
what
are
the
odds
that
a
hacker
is
going
to
find
a
backdoor
vulnerability
and
exploit
it
before
someone
can
catch
the
vulnerability
and
patch
it
themselves
linux
users
don't
have
to
wait
for
microsoft
to
investigate
a
vulnerability
and
fix
it
they
can
fix
it
themselves
linux
has
lower
hardware
requirements
so
if
you're
running
on
an
old
laptop
or
an
old
pc
with
not
too
good
specs
install
linux
it'll
run
a
whole
lot
better
than
windows
ever
will
it's
free
so
if
you're
building
a
new
pc
or
something
you
don't
have
to
shell
out
a
hundred
dollars
for
windows
i
know
there
you
can
get
like
windows
keys
for
cheaper
but
i've
always
been
a bit
wary
about
those
actual
pro
tip
if
you
do
have
an
old
computer
a
laptop
that
you
are
no
longer
using
crack
it
open
there's
going
to
be
a
windows
key
somewhere
inside
there
that
you
can
actually
use
when
you're
installing
windows
10
or
whatever
new
windows
there
is
but
the
cost
it's
not
too
important
to
me
because
i
don't
mind
spending
money
on
a
product
that
will
help
me
out
save
me
time
or
make
my
life
easier
that
is
actually
incredibly
applicable
to
this
thing
right
here
not
a
sponsor
or
product
placement
or
anything
i
have
no
affiliate
affiliation
with
otterbox
i
feel
like
that
always
needs
to
be
said
but
we
had
this
screen
protector
on
my
wife's
phone
she
dropped
it
it
cracked
the
screen
cracked
and
we
were
she
was
very
upset
she
brought
it
to
me
i'm
like
there's
no
like
color
distortion
or
anything
like
that
so
i
peeled
this
off
turns
out
this
cracked
and
the
screen
is
perfectly
fine
so
i
bought
another
one
because
again
i
don't
mind
spending
money
on
something
that'll
make
my
life
easier
or
save
me
money
because
now
i
don't
have
to
get
a
new
phone
or
replace
a
screen
myself
which
also
saves
me
time
now
this
isn't
one
of
my
main
points
as
to
why
i
use
linux
but
i
do
really
like
that
there
is
a
like
a
tight
linux
community
don't
get
me
wrong
it
can
get
get
kind
of
stacked
overflowy
y'all
told
me
that's
some
of
y'all's
experience
with
linux
but
it's
not
i've
never
had
that
bad
of
an
experience
with
the
linux
communities
as
i
would
with
plenty
of
coding
or
especially
stack
overflow
communities
and
forums
like
that
if
you
don't
know
what
i'm
talking
about
check
my
last
video
or
two
videos
ago
and
you'll
see
what
i'm
talking
about
finally
my
two
favorite
things
about
linux
and
really
the
main
reasons
as
to
why
i
use
it
it
is
incredibly
customizable
that's
what
i
like
it's
open
source
it's
customizable
and
i
can
i
can
make
it
look
and
do
and
feel
any
way
i
want
if
i
want
it
to
make
it
just
like
mac
os
i
can
do
that
now
there
are
different
distros
where
you
don't
have
to
do
so
much
work
and
making
it
customizable
but
you
can
still
customize
those
i
use
arch
linux
by
the
way
i
probably
already
mentioned
that
in
this
video
and
people
have
already
joked
me
in
the
comments
but
it's
an
incredibly
customizable
linux
distro
and
that's
why
i
like
to
use
it
i'm
kind
of
in
limbo
right
now
if
you
saw
my
last
video
where
i
haven't
done
much
customization
because
i
deleted
my
old
one
for
some
weird
reason
but
it's
very
customizable
and
i
plan
to
rebuild
my
arch
linux
system
in
like
three
weeks
so
that
probably
means
four
or
five
weeks
software
software
development
time
kind
of
how
it
works
and
two
the
terminal
like
i
know
there's
wsl2
i
know
there's
the
new
windows
command
line
but
i
the
the
linux
terminal
is
just
vastly
superior
than
windows
command
line
or
anything
that
windows
has
to
offer
and
i'm
also
going
to
bunch
in
with
like
the
terminal
the
package
manager
the
package
manager
i
can
install
delete
anything
i
want
all
of
it
without
having
to
worry
about
all
this
random
stuff
that
windows
wants
to
install
or
how
it
wants
me
to
uninstall
it
and
if
i
uninstall
it
it'll
still
have
all
these
other
files
that
won't
get
deleted
it's
very
easy
to
use
a
lynx
terminal
to
manipulate
your
files
your
apps
and
everything
that
you
have
exactly
how
you
want
it
so
if
you
want
to
remove
everything
you
can
remove
everything
if
you
want
to
install
something
you
just
type
in
a
simple
command
working
with
the
code
working
with
git
all
of
that
it's
just
it
doesn't
feel
right
to
me
on
windows
and
trust
me
i've
tried
again
and
again
and
again
the
linux
terminal
is
just
better
i
bash
putty
i
don't
care
it's
it's
not
the
same
um
i
hope
you
all
enjoyed
this
video
please
be
sure
to
leave
it
a
like
for
the
youtube
algorithm
leave
a
comment
for
the
youtube
algorithm
plus
making
some
progress
on
the
youtube
leaderboards
so
some
of
these
comments
in
these
videos
may
apply
to
something
on
an
annual
basis
maybe
we'll
see
if
you
don't
know
what
the
youtube
leaderboard
is
watch
my
last
video
we
do
some
coding
and
i
kind
of
give
you
an
overview
of
the
youtube
leaderboard
or
project
engagement
it's
a
really
fun
coding
project
that
i'm
really
enjoying
working
on
and
meet
creating
and
i
think
that's
all
i
have
to
say
on
the
matter


[Music] hey everyone hope you're having an awesome day so far so welcome to the second installment of Luke's point of view series that I'm starting and I'm loving it so if you don't know about this series basically Star Wars has revealed that they're making this new book called Star Wars secrets of the Jedi and in it are a slew of so many different things like characters and force powers and different eras and Star Wars and the Clone Wars and everything in between however it's all from Luke Skywalker's point of view so these are all of his notes that he's written down from the things that he's learned on op2 and in his journey of being a Jedi Master now today's video is going to cover these spirits here is something that is super interesting and I hope that it's just a tease for us to all get to actually see this someday in the films or books or comics or maybe like a spin-off series whatever or maybe we'll see something like this in episode 9 because this book just confirmed it so here it is and we can talk about it a little bit after obi-wan Kenobi fell in battle against my father I was afraid I'd never see him again little did I know he would return to watch over me as a forced spirit at first I only heard Obi Wan's voice in my head but I later discovered that he could manifest as a fully visible apparition and even interact with the physical world in time I would discover that not all Jedi have the power to transcend death it requires special training at Obi Wan's master qui-gon jinn received from ancient force priestesses an outside note here if you guys don't remember there's a few episodes in the Clone Wars TV show where Yoda actually goes to visit the force priestesses the shaman of the Wills are there also known as these are the people that qui-gon visited and they taught him how to become a force ghost who he later taught Yoda and so on and so forth alright let's continue that knowledge was then passed down to a select few including obi-wan Yoda and my father they're spirits now this get this their spirits guided me for many years but vanished when I shut myself off from the force it's a relief to feel their presence like after all this time so we can definitely deduce that this book was written well dare I say after Luke's death meaning that he could come back as a force ghost or come back and interact with the living I mean he even says here that obi-wan was able to interact with the physical world so I mean it's there's not much explanation I can give for that it's right there it is also possible that Luke wrote this diary or these scripts after he connected himself with the force once again in the last Jedi so up until this entire time from Return of the Jedi when he saw his father and obi-wan and Yoda as he looked towards the trees which is my favorite scene in all of Star Wars up until he went to octo he was able to commune with Anakin and Yoda and obi-wan and whoever else for all we know qui-gon maybe even he does go on to later talk about qui-gon in this book and it's actually really cool to see that yeah acknowledges him completely and knows who he is and respects him so I'm gonna be getting to that video next I hope you enjoyed this one let me know what you think what kind of things did Anakin and Luke do together I mean what what did Anakin teach Luke what did he teach his son these are all things that people were hoping to see in episode 8 but I mean I guess hopefully we'll have to wait and see in episode 9 now I will say one thing in the last Jedi book there is a voice that speaks out to Luke as he's looking at the twin sons before he vanishes into the nether world and becomes a forced spirit and that voice is unknown no one actually knows who it was it just says that a voice speaks out to him to let go so one can only guess who it could be obi-wan Anakin or Yoda so let me know what you think about this information I think this is absolutely awesome and I hope you do too so leave a like on this one if you enjoyed it and I'll catch you in the next one where we will continue this very exciting series have an awesome rest every day


there are plenty of things in the PC enthusiast space that people love to argue about AMD vs. Nvidia AMD versus Intel AMD versus the 1980 US Olympic hockey team okay but seriously aside from these more practical concerns aesthetics are just as important to many people with there being no real consensus as to what looks good after all what's tacky to one user might be Michelangelo's David to another so in the past few years many component manufacturers have decided hey why not just give people the ability to customize the look of their battle station on a whim by adding RGB lighting the RGB craze mostly started out on keyboards and mice but these days you can pick up motherboards CPU coolers and even Ram sticks that claim to offer millions of colors but how does all of this work and what features should you be looking for if you're going to trick out your rig like the Griswolds christmas tree well if you think back to kindergarten you might remember that the three primary colors that combine to form all the other colors are red yellow and blue but this is true only for pigments light works a little differently with the three primary colors of light being red green and blue hence the name RGB so when you fire up your favorite RGB device what's happening is that separate red green and blue LEDs are lighting up at different intensities to produce different colors as there currently isn't a single LED bulb that can cycle through different colors on its own so there are a couple of different ways that you can see this principle in action if you set your favorite RGB device to white you might be able to see all three colored LEDs lit up if you look closely enough this is the same reason that when you get a drop of water on your phone screen you can see a rainbow like effect on white spots neat huh but how do these devices adjust the brightness of each LED to produce the color you want well usually RGB gadgets work with a technique called pulse width modulation or PWM which you can learn more about here although you might be more familiar with PWM as a way to control your fan speed in your computer the same concept can control colored LEDs so when you want to tell your control software boom I want yellow it sends a signal to your device that tells both the red and green LEDs to light up and blue to sit down and shut up and PWM also control something called the duty cycle essentially how long the light is on during each refresh a shorter duty cycle means that specific color of LED will be dimmer so if you want your keyboard to be a highlighter yellow sort of color your green and red LEDs will have longer duty cycles while your blue LEDs will have very short cycles or just be turned off completely but depending on its implementation especially if the LEDs are refreshing too slowly using PWM control with equal parts of red green and blue to achieve white can result in a distracting rainbow effect similar to what some people experienced when watching a single tip DLP projector to comp at this some manufacturers are introducing RGB W strips that have entirely separate white LEDs but enough about the nuts and bolts what should you actually look for when buying RGB gear well perhaps unsurprisingly this depends almost entirely on your personal preference as long as you buy something of good quality an important thing to research is what kinds of customization a certain RGB product offers as many manufacturers bundle software that can control RGB effects which may or may not be to your liking hardware solutions also exist such as NZXT hue plus which serves as a central hub for your systems LED strips and the RGB headers on certain motherboards which provide similar functionality through software to take things a step further unified RGB ecosystems like Asus aura and Razer chroma are starting to become popular allowing you to sync up RGB effects on your lighting strips your motherboard your memory your fans or even supported peripherals and room lighting and considering that our GB LEDs can often be configured to change colors depending on important variables such as system temperatures your perfectly harmonious RGB setup can actually be functional as well just make sure you don't go too crazy want to browse a more open Internet and use online services as though you are in a different country anonymously check out tunnel there they've got easy-to-use apps for iOS Android PC and Mac they also have a Chrome extension and turning it on is as simple as clicking a button boom there you go your bear tunnels your internet connection to a new location which means two things happen your connection gets encrypted with AES 256-bit encryption and your public IP address gets switched so you show up as though you're in a different country and it lets you bypass all the annoying bullcrap that usually comes with using a VPN for personal use no port configurations DNS or other router settings tunnel bear handles all of that stuff in the background they've got a top rated privacy policy and the best thing is you can try tonal bear with 500 Meg's of free data and no credit card required check it out at the link in the video description and if you choose to get a year of unlimited you can save 10% by going to tunnel bear comm slash Linus so thanks for watching guys dislike or like get subscribed and maybe leave a comment if you have suggestions for future fast as possible videos just like this