a couple
days
ago
i
put
a
picture
of
this
box
up
on
twitter
and
i
said
i
cannot
wait
to
share
with
you
what
is
inside
this
box
it
takes
a
lot
to
make
me
excited
for
anything
technology
related
these
days
after
doing
this
for
almost
a
decade
you
kind
of
see
the
same
things
done
over
and
over
and
over
they
slap
a
new
coat
of
paint
on
it
they
call
it
something
new
and
they
expect
you
to
be
excited
about
it
but
you
know
what
this
was
just
kind
of
a
red
herring
really
this
box
has
nothing
to
do
with
what's
inside
people
were
like
oh
no
it
says
quantity
400
net
weight
17.
it's
probably
fittings
and
you
guys
were
i
was
like
guys
it's
a
box
that
has
stuff
in
it
trust
me
you
want
what's
in
here
the
elite
xg270
qg
from
vue
sonic
breaks
the
traditional
ugly
appearance
of
gaming
monitors
by
providing
an
ultra
clean
design
while
still
delivering
gamers
the
features
that
they
want
most
features
like
a
one
millisecond
response
time
ips
165
hertz
overclock
display
black
brushed
aluminum
stand
with
tilt
and
swivel
mouse
and
keyboard
cable
anchors
and
customizable
subtle
lighting
to
learn
more
about
the
xg270gq
from
viewsonic
and
to
see
current
pricing
click
the
link
in
the
description
below
now
this
is
early
access
to
a
product
this
product
does
not
come
out
for
a
couple
of
weeks
it
is
from
liam
lee
a
lot
of
you
guys
are
like
it's
the
lee
lee
water
cooler
no
that's
right
here
actually
this
one
i
do
have
a
sponsored
video
to
do
about
no
actually
i
don't
i'm
just
gonna
be
doing
an
ad
about
it
but
this
is
the
new
lienly
aio
that's
what
we're
talking
about
today
what
we
have
in
here
is
something
that
everyone
needs
in
their
system
fans
oh
god
jay
the
biggest
letdown
ever
no
trust
me
these
fans
are
not
what
you
think
and
they
gave
me
a
bunch
of
them
which
is
perfect
because
i
like
them
so
i
saw
these
on
twitter
with
one
of
their
little
marketing
like
spiely
dealy
bobbers
they
had
a
little
video
and
they
had
some
some
folks
that
they
sent
them
out
for
review
and
stuff
and
i
was
like
oh
my
god
i
need
like
a
palette
of
those
this
isn't
exactly
a
palette's
worth
but
nonetheless
it's
plenty
obviously
we've
got
two
different
colors
here
we've
got
black
and
we've
got
white
but
jay
they're
just
fans
who
freaking
cares
my
biggest
complaint
i've
had
about
anything
rgb
related
especially
corsair
i
i
look
corsair
makes
great
stuff
i've
continued
to
complain
about
their
their
integration
of
their
cabling
each
fan
has
two
wires
that
come
off
of
it
that
connect
to
a
lighting
controller
which
then
has
to
connect
to
the
commander
pro
which
then
has
to
connect
to
sata
and
has
to
connect
to
usb
and
the
low
lighting
controller
also
has
a
sata
connector
so
two
power
connectors
a
usb
and
if
you
have
three
fans
that's
six
cords
if
you
have
12
fans
that's
24
chords
and
two
commander
pros
for
you
sata
do
you
see
the
point
what
we've
got
right
here
is
liam
lee's
unifan
or
uni
fan
i
don't
see
i
didn't
know
what
it was
called
i
was
that
excited
about
it
the
uni
fan
sl120
so
here's
what
how
this
works
you
need
the
starter
kit
which
is
basically
a
three
pack
to
get
the
system
going
the
individual
fans
that
you
see
right
here
are
not
going
to
work
lighting
wise
with
your
system
unless
you
have
the
controller
that's
with
this
yes
i
know
i'm
already
talking
about
a
controller
but
this
is
different
trust
me
so
this
is
everything
that
comes
in
the
three
pack
we'll
look
at
the
fans
in
a
second
here's
the
control
box
and
each
control
box
has
four
groupings
if
you
will
now
the
crazy
part
is
when
i
say
grouping
what
does
that
mean
well
trust
me
that's
the
exciting
part
about
this
video
these
are
the
three
fan
connectors
for
the
fans
um
so
what
we've
got
here
is
a
fan
tac
wire
so
if
you
have
all
your
fans
connected
to
this
you
need
to
still
tell
your
computer
the
fans
are
running
for
various
reasons
this
plugs
into
the
motherboard
this
plugs
into
your
existing
argb
header
on
the
motherboard
now
i
assume
that
this
is
so
that
we
can
control
it
with
aura
or
something
like
that
i
haven't
i
don't
know
yet
we'll
have
to
test
that
but
it
also
does
have
its
own
software
it
comes
with
its
own
usb
cable
so
that
you
can
plug
it
into
a
usb
2.0
uh
header
and
then
you
can
control
the
box
here's
the
single
power
connector
for
it
and
then
here's
an
argb
splitter
because
if
you're
taking
up
your
header
with
this
this
will
allow
you
to
split
it
off
so
you
can
have
one
going
to
the
motherboard
one
going
to
this
device
and
one
going
to
another
set
of
something
that
can
be
controlled
with
argb
so
jay
you
talked
about
this
being
a
lot
less
wiring
that
looks
like
an
awful
lot
of
wiring
no
it's
not
let
me
show
you
why
now
the
construction
of
this
fan
i
didn't
expect
it
to
be
so
nice
honestly
um
phil
feel
the
weight
of
that
fan
like
just
it's
weighty
it's
solid
the
cage
is
strong
it's
got
like
metal
on
the
sides
you
got
metal
right
here
nice
brushed
aluminum
this
is
obviously
the
white
addition
that
you
have
an
actual
metal
ring
does
it
spin
straight
that
is
so
satisfying
that
is
perfectly
centered
it
doesn't
wobble
all
right
so
here's
the
three
pack
you've
got
your
fan
cage
you've
got
uh
markings
on
here
that
show
you
how
to
connect
the
other
fans
you've
got
this
nice
trim
rubber
standoffs
which
mean
it's
not
going
to
vibrate
when
you
plug
it
into
something
it's
nice
firm
rubber
so
it's
not
going
to
squish
real
bad
either
they
are
12
volt
0.18
amps
and
they
are
800
to
1900
rpm
with
a
minimum
of
i
think
six
volts
to
make
it
start
spinning
but
here's
the
thing
check
this
out
typically
you
have
your
three
fans
you've
got
wire
set
wire
set
wire
set
and
this
would
only
be
if
you're
having
these
go
to
three
different
locations
however
if
you've
got
a
radiator
or
something
where
you
know
you're
going
to
connect
three
of
them
together
check
this
out
it's
my
first
time
trying
this
so
if
you
notice
right
here
you
got
slide
contact
and
on
the
opposite
end
you've
got
these
little
spring
loaded
push
pin
connectors
you
can
connect
i'm
not
sure
how
many
of
these
can
connect
in
a
row
together
but
it's
going
to
be
plenty
so
you
would
take
this
mount
this
to
your
radiator
or
whatever
and
now
it
is
sending
the
signal
for
rpm
and
power
daisy
chain
through
here
which
means
also
the
orientation
of
the
fans
are
all
identical
and
you're
only
going
to
have
one
set
of
wires
coming
off
here
to
control
it
by
hooking
this
guy
up
on
the
end
so
now
you've
got
that
aside
one
set
of
wires
coming
off
of
this
your
proprietary
plug
so
you
have
to
have
this
control
box
this
will
plug
into
let's
say
grouping
one
and
you
can
plug
this
into
the
fan
controller
right
there
so
you
have
one
grouping
now
that
now
has
you
know
three
fans
if
you
got
a
480
rad
you
could
hook
another
one
but
the
best
part
is
any
lighting
effects
that
happen
here
because
these
are
rgb
and
they're
embedded
in
the
sides
right
there
they're
so
ghosted
in
there
you
can't
even
tell
that
these
light
up
but
they
do
so
you
can
see
just
how
much
less
clutter
you
can
have
in
your
system
by
only
having
to
manage
that
this
is
all
you
have
to
manage
in
your
case
really
and
then
how
much
length
do
we
have
here
because
that's
the
other
thing
they've
got
to
be
long
enough
to
reach
i
feel
like
that's
plenty
of
link
because
this
is
going
to
be
on
the
back
side
of
your
case
and
this
is
going
to
be
up
at
the
top
or
the
bottom
so
you
can
see
that's
a
lot
easier
to
manage
than
a
typical
mess
so
many
of
these
brands
give
you
when
it
comes
to
uh
connecting
this
all
together
this
is
something
no
one's
done
before
there
have
been
plenty
of
companies
that
have
made
daisy
chains
where
you
have
an
in
and
out
and
you
still
have
to
have
a
little
wire
and
a
little
wire
and
a
little
wire
actually
that's
the
way
nebula
is
but
there's
a
limit
to
how
many
times
you
can
use
it
or
daisy
chain
it
because
it
still
just
uses
the
argb
header
and
there's
a
limit
to
how
many
leds
it
can
control
fun
fact
one
of
the
very
front
fans
on
my
nebula
system
at
the
very
top
and
the
very
top
leds
are
like
the
farthest
point
away
those
will
every
now
and
then
just
like
seizure
because
the
signal's
not
quite
making
it
that
far
because
of
the
power
draw
by
the
time
the
signal
gets
down
that
far
it's
been
eaten
up
by
all
the
fans
in
front
of
it
and
so
one
rgb
header
argb
header
is
not
enough
to
control
all
my
fans
so
i
just
stuck
those
way
up
there
at
the
top
where
you
can't
see
them
where
every
now
and
then
they
just
sort
of
spasm
it's
also
why
my
nebula
system
is
sitting
there
in
a
static
color
and
not
any
sort
of
an
effect
because
it's
even
worse
when
there's
an
effect
so
having
a
solid
color
is
easier
for
it
to
maintain
those
leds
rather
than
having
it
do
things
so
we
are
going
to
hook
this
up
to
our
test
bench
because
i
want
to
see
how
many
we
can
connect
together
that's
what
you
get
with
the
starter
kit
and
that's
why
i
said
you
need
that
because
what
you
get
with
the
individual
fan
is
basically
just
the
fan
itself
and
then
that
connector
plug
and
this
is
not
going
to
connect
to
your
motherboard
or
anything
because
as
you
can
see
it's
got
that
proprietary
connector
on
the
end
which
looks
an
awful
lot
like
the
one
fantex
uses
so
i
wonder
if
it
would
work
with
like
one
of
those
but
anyway
um
that's
not
going to
plug
into
your
motherboard
or
anything
so
you
need
the
controller
to
plug
it
into
so
you've
got
to
start
with
the
three
pack
starter
kit
and
here's
the
other
thing
you're
ready
for
this
the
corsair
light
loop
120
fans
can
cost
you
as
much
as
45
dollars
a
piece
45
dollars
these
guys
i
know
this
sounds
so
infomercially
but
i
am
really
excited
about
this
because
these
are
25
bucks
each
yes
that's
still
an
expensive
fan
but
that's
almost
it's
just
over
half
the
price
of
the
competitor
with
a
cleaner
solution
they
do
this
they're
really
solid
i
feel
feel
that
oh
yeah
it's
actually
it's
not
it's
not
like
look
are
you
gonna
karate
chop
it
in
no
i'm
just
showing
that
like
there's
very
little
wobble
right
let
me
grab
a
radiator
so
i
can
show
you
just
how
simple
because
they
touch
that
was
a
weird
sound
because
they
touch
that's
they're
going
to
be
perfectly
fine
on
a
radiator
so
what
we
need
to
what
we
need
to
test
right
here
right
now
because
my
concern
when
i
first
saw
this
was
like
well
with
them
touching
is
that
going
to
make
them
maybe
not
fit
in
various
cases
and
stuff
but
i
don't
believe
that's
going
to
be
the
circumstance
at
all
because
cases
are
designed
for
you
to
be
able
to
slide
the
fans
together
radiators
automatically
make
you
touch
them
together
you
know
they
have
to
be
like
no
kid
we
should
be
able
to
get
this
one
connected
right
there
and
if
this
one
connects
right
here
then
we're
good
there
you
go
so
you
wouldn't
even
have
to
put
like
all
the
fans
in
or
all
the
screws
you
could
just
do
the
four
perimeters
yes
look
how
nice
that
is
and
on
the
black
ones
are
those
silver
or
are
they
black
so
you
can
see
it's
black
anodized
with
a
like
a
machined
edge
so
do
you
know
what
really
sucks
when
you
get
an
rgb
fan
and
i'm
going
to
continue
to
kind
of
throw
corsair
under
the
bus
a
little
bit
here
if
i
can
find
one
okay
fine
i'll
use
i'll
make
it
fair
i'll
use
a
fractal
fan
no
fractal
fans
have
been
one
of my
other
go-to
rgb
fans
because
they
just
use
a
regular
argb
header
and
they
have
a
splitter
built
in
so
you
don't
you
can
daisy
chain
these
together
it's
just
you
have
you
know
two
feet
of
cable
the
rgb
is
always
on
the
side
that's
pulling
the
air
through
right
so
they'd
be
going
that
way
but
if
you're
using
intakes
in
the
bottom
of
your
case
and
they're
like
that
you
cover
up
a
lot
of
the
lighting
it's
exactly
what
ended
up
happening
to
little
jay's
computer
when
i
put
those
fans
in
the
bottom
pulling
up
and
those
are
corsair
light
loop
120s
because
this
has
lighting
on
both
sides
of
the
fan
regardless
of
which
way
you
mount
it
you
get
your
lighting
effect
do
you
see
why
i'm
getting
so
excited
over
this
look
how
quickly
i
installed
them
on
a
radiator
like
how
quickly
i
installed
them
together
it's
it's
just
absolutely
bonkers
so
they're
120
by
25
very
standard
they're
fluid
dynamic
bearing
that
might
be
the
one
thing
that
people
might
complain
about
is
it's
fluid
dynamic
fluid
dynamic
is
a
little
bit
more
susceptible
to
dust
buildup
in
there
as
the
fluid
starts
to
absorb
some
of
the
dust
it
can
get
thicker
um
it
gets
dirty
there's
certain
orientations
they
sometimes
don't
like
to
be
in
and
i
think
that's
where
they
were
able
to
save
some
of
the
cost
which
is
what's
made
it
um
you
know
only
about
25
bucks
a
piece
plenty
of
fans
out
there
are
fluid
dynamic
but
what
ends
up
happening
with
those
is
those
are
the
fans
that
over
time
you
kind
of
hear
them
go
hit
the
fan
and
then
and
it
stops
because
what
happens
is
that
fluid
starts
to
leak
out
over
time
a
little
bit
and
then
it
becomes
a little
bit
more
play
in
the
bearing
than
the
king
wobble
so
i
would
have
loved
to
have
seen
a
sleeved
bearing
but
i
know
that
would
have
made
or
even
a
ball
bearing
but
that
would
have
made
the
price
obviously
more
expensive
they're
12
volt
fan
5
volt
led
obviously
you
don't
want
to
plug
it
into
a
12
volt
or
you'll
blow
it
up
they
are
58.54
cfm
at
1900
rpm
so
plenty
of
airflow
but
for
radiators
2.54
millimeters
h2o
that's
a
very
good
amount
of
static
pressure
again
at
1900
rpm
max
noise
level
says
31db
you
can
kind
of
take
that
and
throw
it
out
the
window
because
that's
going to
be
in
a
perfect
environment
where
it's
tested
like
that
with
no
restriction
and
a lot
of
times
what
you
hear
in
fan
noise
is
the
restriction
of
its
hitting
fins
through
a
radiator
or
going
through
a
grill
and
that's
what
makes
it
sound
a
lot
more
noisy
let
me
clean
up
the
mess
i
made
right
here
let's
hook
these
up
to
the
test
bench
we'll
test
them
both
on
the
rad
and
off
the
rad
to
kind
of
see
visually
how
the
airflow
works
and
then
we'll
take
a
look
at
the
lighting
control
because
unfortunately
that
is
one
of
the
downsides
is
if
this
daisy
chain
rgb
header
thing
doesn't
allow
us
to
use
our
existing
controller
that
is
in
like
aura
or
mystic
light
or
whatever
it may
be
then
you've
got
to
have
another
piece
of
rgb
software
all
right
so
we
got
them
hooked
up
here
to
our
test
bench
which
is
an
asus
10
series
something
or
another
irrelevant
so
the
software
was
actually
pretty
easy
to
download
they
give
you
the
link
right
here
in
the
manual
it's
their
lconnect
software
and
i'm
gonna
tell
you
right
now
phil
and
i
have
been
playing
with
the
software
for
a
little
bit
i
feel
like
liam
lee
is
the
hero
that
we
need
and
deserve
it's
not
like
the
dark
knight
i'm
not
the
hero
gotham
needs
i'm
nicki
here
wait
no
wait
i'm
not
the
hero
so
the
effect
you
see
happening
right
now
is
all
being
done
through
leon
lee's
um
l
connect
uh
i
said
over
there
in
the
other
set
i
wasn't
sure
if
we
could
actually
control
it
with
the
motherboard
and
we'll
test
that
here
in
a
second
but
the
first
thing
i
want
to
show
you
is
not
so
much
the
software
but
the
actual
performance
of
these
fans
now
as
i
said
these
are
what
600
rpm
to
1900
rpm
somewhere
i
think
800
to
900
somewhere
around
there
it's
a
good
amount
of
air
these
are
running
full
speed
right
now
can
you
hear
me
do
that
i
guess
you
can
know
it's
right
there
yeah
when
you
get
it
that
close
they're
so
freaking
quiet
and
the
amount
of
air
that
they
blow
okay
i
know
that
this
is
not
a
representation
of
how
much
air
they
blow
i'll
show
you
a
second
but
just
look
at
the
lighting
the
top
and
bottom
lighting
like
i
said
no
matter
which
way
you
face
these
fans
you
get
to
see
the
light
look
at
the
little
uh
the
aluminum
rings
on
there
the
little
sticker
rings
they
are
centered
about
as
well
as
they
can
be
i
guess
one
of
them
this
one
here
wobbles
slightly
but
it's
it's
so
minor
that
when
this
when
it's
actually
spinning
you
don't
even
notice
it
but
you
need
some
sort
of
a
representation
of
how
much
air
these
are
flowing
[Music]
that
is
if
that
isn't
an
indication
of
the
wall
and
cushion
of
air
dude
i
can't
zoom
out
anymore
it's
still
there
yeah
dude
i
feel
like
there's
more
airflow
coming
through
this
radiator
800
rpm
with
these
fans
than
at
like
1500
rpm
and
like
most
of
the
other
fans
we
tried
okay
so
let's
talk
about
the
software
here
for
a
second
this
is
the
part
this
is
the
other
half
of
rgb
i'm
gonna
tell
you
right
now
so
many
companies
over
engineer
their
rgb
software
which
gives
you
these
inherent
problems
of
like
lag
or
just
it
doesn't
work
it
doesn't
remember
when
you
turn
it
off
just
all
kinds
of
stuff
it
just
is
buggy
the
lee
and
lee
l
connect
software
is
extremely
basic
here's
your
fan
control
mode
if
you
don't
have
the
rg
or
the
fan
header
plugged
into
the
motherboard
this
is
the
only
way
you
control
it
right
here
so
you've
got
manual
which
is
where
you
just
select
where
you
want
the
rpm
to
be
you
don't
get
a
ramp
like
you
can't
control
a
temperature
ramp
and
i
think
the
reason
for
that
is
there's
nothing
here
monitoring
temperature
so
it
wouldn't
know
how
to
react
respond
to
it
anyway
but
you
can
manually
set
the
rpm
you
have
full
speed
high
speed
quiet
in
pwm
now
pwm
would
be
the
pass
through
if
you
have
it
set
to
the
motherboard
so
you
can
allow
the
motherboard
to
connect
to
control
your
fans
while
still
using
this
fan
controller
and
that
is
through
this
pwm
wire
right
here
like
i
said
if
we
were
to
plug
this
in
that
would
allow
you
to
control
your
fans
to
the
motherboard
through
your
fan
header
so
you
can
see
right
here
you
can
control
up
to
four
fans
per
grouping
and
that
was
something
we
weren't
sure
how
many
you
could
do
we
only
have
three
hooked
up
right
here
per
grouping
so
each
grouping
has
its
own
control
for
a
fan
and
led
mode
you
control
them
individually
and
then
you
can
either
apply
it
to
that
group
or
apply
all
which
apply
to
everything
so
let's
talk
about
some
of
the
different
color
modes
right
here
you've
got
of
course
your
standard
rainbow
and
we'll
just
apply
it
to
grouping
two
which
should
be
the
black
fans
yeah
see
we
got
these
are
still
doing
the
original
effect
and
then
here's
the
rainbow
and
what
we
love
about
these
leds
is
just
the
fact
that
they're
diffused
it's
a
lot
like
the
g-skill
um
rgb
top
which
in
my
opinion
diffused
rgb
looks
so
much
better
than
uh
non-diffuse
because
the
individual
leds
really
kind
of
take
away
the
effect
so
you
gotta
pretty
standard
modes
here
static
rainbow
breathing
color
cycle
runaway
is
kind
of
a
fun
one
so
here's
runaway
for
the
black
one
by
itself
which
we
think
is
very
ripe
knight
rider
you
know
and
you
can
change
the
background
color
and
the
main
color
you
know
and
then
black
is
just
basically
off
or
you
can
set
it
to
blue
right
apply
so
there's
that
one
grouping
or
if
we
hit
apply
to
all
it'll
apply
it
to
all
the
groupings
now
look
how
fast
that
updates
it's
really
fast
now
what
you
might
not
be
able
to
tell
on
camera
because
these
videos
are
normalized
or
are
set
to
a
29.97
fpr
yeah
29.97
right
yeah
30fps
um
these
are
probably
60
hertz
polling
rate
the
the
the
refresh
rate
of
these
leds
and
how
fast
they
move
it's
at
least
60.
phil
looked
at that
was
like
oh
my
god
those
are
so
smooth
the
animation
yeah
the
animation
is
is
extremely
smooth
um
so
you
can
have
a
total
of
16
fans
on
a
single
controller
that
is
just
nuts
fireworks
kind
of
neat
it
goes
together
and
then
boom
it
explodes
i
do
also
feel
like
there's
not
as
many
rgb
modes
as
there
should
be
on
here
given
how
well
their
software
seems
to
be
working
but
that's
okay
let's
say
you
have
aura
or
you
have
mystic
light
and
you
want
to
use
that
well
what
will
happen
here
is
if
you
click
this
button
right
here
that
says
motherboard
software
sync
it
essentially
turns
this
controller
into
just
an
rgb
strip
you
notice
the
lights
aren't
on
right
now
that's
because
we've
got
aura
crate
running
and
we've
got
this
set
right
now
to
audio
spectrum
which
is
uh
basically
responds
to
noise
and
stuff
and
i
didn't
realize
that
was
the
freeze
frame
perfect
so
we
wanted
to
see
how
well
this
reacts
to
let's
say
music
and
stuff
so
here's
the
way
they
react
to
aura
and
as
you
can
see
we
have
them
set
to
the
music
of
our
you
know
the
audio
here
look
how
reactive
you
can
see
they
sync
with
our
our
ram
and
our
motherboard
perfectly
and
even
the
shade
of
color
looks
very
very
correct
the
problem
is
sometimes
you'll
find
one
company's
blue
is
more
green
and
another
one's
blue
it's
more
white
these
look
like
they
match
the
g
skill
translucent
or
diffused
tops
perfectly
and
then
if
we
take
a
look
at
some
of
the
other
modes
here
and
i
want
you
to
notice
just
how
quickly
it
transfers
it
so
we've
got
both
pieces
of
software
running
and
that's
usually
a
no-no
that's
like
conflict
city
if
you
try
and
have
one
device
controlled
by
two
two
different
pieces
of
software
but
remember
it's
a
controller
it
can
literally
just
cut
off
communication
and
take
over
so
if
i
unsync
it
see
how
fast
that
came
back
watch
how
quickly
this
hands
off
control
you
ready
three
two
one
click
two
seconds
not
even
that
yeah
this
this
is
what
i've
been
waiting
for
and
it's
funny
you
would
almost
think
that
my
rants
about
the
way
other
companies
do
this
has
been
leading
up
to
this
like
review
and
that's
not
the
case
i
literally
this
is
like
last
minute
i
literally
tweeted
them
was
like
oh
my
god
i
need
these
i
wasn't
a
part
of
their
product
launch
i
wasn't
a
part
of
their
review
team
or
the
review
cycle
and
this
is
like
the
first
time
we've
actually
done
anything
specific
with
liam
lee
and
it's
like
it
checks
all
the
boxes
for
me
fan
control
daisy
chain
daisy
chained
in
a
way
i
would
have
never
imagined
where
you
do
it
through
the
cage
of
the
fan
not
through
little
wires
great
static
pressure
great
acoustics
great
looks
it's
a
great
fan
for
both
airflow
and
static
pressure
and
usually
with
that
type
of
fan
you've
got
to
give
and
take
on
one
or
the
other
great
airflow
okay
static
pressure
great
static
pressure
on
airflow
but
it's
got
the
the
rubber
pads
it's
got
rgb
on
the
top
and
the
bottom
it
gives
you
a
usable
rpm
range
a
lot
of
fans
stop
at
like
1200
rpm
or
1500
rpm
this
goes
to
almost
2
000
and
while
doing
that
it
stays
at
a
a
maximum
acoustic
level
of
38
decibels
you
know
i'm
not
surprised
that
a
company
like
liam
lee
is
our
savior
in
all
of
this
16
fans
a
single
controller
a
maximum
of
one
wire
harness
per
group
of
four
and
then
you
have
technically
only
two
wiring
harnesses
are
needed
if
you
don't
plan
on
using
the
motherboard
argb
controller
or
the
pwm
and
you
just
want
the
controller
to
do
it
all
this
would
literally
give
you
the
cleanest
tidiest
setup
possible
what
would
you
do
with
these
fans
and
do
you
need
them
the
answer
is
yes
you
just
don't
know
it
yet
again
liam
lee
had
nothing
to
do
with
this
review
other
than
i
was
like
please
send
me
some
and
they
were
like
okay
i
need
them
to
send
me
more
i
want
to
use
these
in
a
build
but
i'm
not
going
to
waste
them
they're
going
to
go
into
a
build
that
matters
and
something
that's
going
to
be
used
every
single
day
i
thought
about
putting
them
in
my
work
pc
but
to
be
honest
all
that
really
does
is
play
world
of
warships
while
phil
does
all
the
actual
editing
my
only
gripe
and
i
hope
this
is
temporary
is
they
don't
come
in
a
140
millimeter
variant
i
feel
like
with
the
amount
of
cases
now
that
are
using
140
millimeter
fans
uh
nebula
for
me
is
running
what
3
6
9
12
140
millimeter
fans
i
would
literally
put
these
in
nebula
and
tear
it
apart
and
change
all
the
fans
out
in
my
very
next
video
if
these
had
140s
available
so
lee
and
lee
please
make
this
into
140.
anyway
thanks
for
watching
sound
off
below
what
you
guys
think
about
these
fans
for
me
it
checks
all
the
boxes
it'd
be
nice
to
have
a
sleeve
bearing
in
there
but
we'll
see
how
long
these
fluid
bearings
last
if
you
guys
need
these
fans
check
the
description
down
below
i
believe
they're
available
at
newegg
i'll
put
a
link
there
but
there
will
be
available
at
newegg
anyway
they're
not
available
yet
they
come
out
later
this
month
thanks
for
watching
guys
and
as
always
we
will
see
you
in
the
next
one
and
i'm
going
to
go
ahead
and
put
this
back
to
hearing
there
we


I
spent
a
lot
of
years
cracking
cases
and
seeking
answers
some
investigation
leads
success
and
some
lead
nowhere
but
today
in
turn
is
going
to
be
the
first
time
I
don't
even
understand
what
the
heck
I'm
reading
a
journal
with
a
bunch
of
made-up
nonsense
and
I'm
being
hired
to
find
a
bunch
of
Punk's
punks
like
you
kid
I
don't
understand
what
happened
Oh
intern
I
don't
expect
you
to
understand
either
but
if
you
want
to
know
I
guess
I
have
to
tell
ya
but
before
we
do
this
video
is
sponsored
by
monster
legends
hmm
thank
you
so
much
monster
legends
for
sponsoring
this
video
if
you
ever
wanted
to
collect
the
bunch
monsters
feed
them
and
involve
them
all
then
click
the
link
in
the
description
to
help
us
out
is
free
to
play
on
iOS
and
Android
case
file
number
one
subjects
name's
Steven
J
HOSA
Joe
and
Daniel
characteristics
Steven
subjects
needs
to
have
an
insatiable
thirst
for
violence
excuse
me
sir
immediately
gets
defensive
I
don't
know
that
that's
very
wrong
Jay
subject
for
your
student
loans
more
than
death
also
unstable
OSA
logical
and
quiet
a
clear
sign
of
suppressed
perversion
oh
my
god
you're
such
a
bad
therapist
Daniel
what
has
a
detective
also
owner
of
the
journal
characteristics
Jo
a
[ __ ]
characteristics
terminology
I
mean
in
all
fairness
yeah
okay
characteristics
Daniel
impulsive
and
ignorant
a
perfect
combination
to
die
fast
okay
location
an
island
southwest
of
Hudson's
Bay
location
whereabouts
yet
to
be
known
let's
go
for
a
boat
ride
it's
time
for
an
adventure
I
brought
a
boat
let's
go
oh
right
just
now
go
right
now
yeah
sure
let's
everyone
in
a
group
with
person
with
violent
tendencies
yeah
I
don't
mind
hanging
out
with
Stephen
you
don't
know
that
we're
just
all
friends
let's
go
what
about
our
parents
should
we
let
them
know
how
old
are
we
we're
23
years
old
show
Oh
children
okay
my
parents
are
off
doing
their
work
in
check
love
you
cranium
returns
someday
you
know
oh
forgot
my
parents
went
to
get
the
gas
25
years
ago
and
never
came
back
I
was
adopted
tragic
backstory
I'll
join
in
this
boat
so
at
first
we're
having
a
lot
of
fun
in
the
boat
doing
what
soon
just
we're
just
fishing
okay
slowly
a
mist
appears
before
we
notice
it
surrounds
us
all
everyone
laughter
all
murder
you
all
you
can
see
surrounding
you
is
either
fog
or
just
water
hmm
not
the
boat
okay
what
are
you
up
yes
no
we
keep
going
all
right
this
is
the
perfect
type
of
stuff
we
will
tell
to
our
grandkids
you're
gonna
keep
going
and
we're
gonna
see
what's
ahead
and
soon
you
see
from
afar
an
island
rocky
island
and
you
can
feel
the
chills
down
your
spine
it's
you
see
the
howl
of
the
wind
coming
from
far
within
oh
I
don't
I
don't
know
about
this
place
oh
that's
fish
here
I
think
this
is
a
great
place
everybody
split
up
please
yes
let's
search
the
island
you
know
I'll
stick
with
Joe
because
Joe
seems
to
be
most
evil
here
yes
please
yes
Xhosa
please
hold
me
okay
Dan
how
BIG's
the
island
the
mist
is
so
thick
that
you
can't
see
very
far
ahead
no
thick
with
five
seas
guys
come
on
we
came
all
here
together
let's
stick
together
yeah
now
you
do
know
that
I
hate
you
guys
I
would
like
to
split
up
and
search
for
clues
by
myself
or
what
even
what
clue
when
could
we
came
here
to
fish
obviously
there's
a
murder
here
so
we
have
to
solve
that
I
for
me
I'm
right
here
okay
stop
talking
about
the
mist
a
grim
figure
old
man
steams
water
to
earth
sorry
I'm
gonna
I'm
gonna
hold
Xhosa
tight
wait
his
face
is
expressionless
he
says
boys
if
you
want
to
fish
sure
and
you
know
permit
oh
never
mind
he
seems
inviting
do
we
have
a
permit
he
points
in
a
certain
direction
he
says
go
over
there
for
a
little
bit
and
there
you'll
see
a
town
you
can
get
your
permission
to
fish
here
wait
screw
you
I
don't
need
permission
I'm
gonna
do
it
regardless
how
many
people
are
on
this
island
one
why
do
we
have
to
listen
to
you
you're
not
the
owner
of
the
island
I
agree
with
Jay
what
is
that
one
old
man
gonna
do
what
if
his
here's
the
right
let's
go
let's
follow
him
it'll
be
fun
what's
the
point
of
an
adventure
if
you
don't
listen
to
random
strangers
what's
the
point
of
a
fishing
trip
if
we
don't
exist
what's
the
point
of
you
talking
you
guys
go
into
a
town
and
it
seems
like
a
ghost
town
all
the
windows
have
curtains
over
them
no
one
seems
to
be
outside
and
the
very
few
people
that
are
outside
don't
make
any
eye
contact
with
you
I
make
eye
contact
with
them
I
don't
care
I
want
to
see
these
guys
are
ghosts
Steven
please
let's
get
the
silver
crossing
darling
I
don't
know
what
that
prevents
do
they
react
just
okay
oh
no
what
they
react
you
they
react
just
fine
but
are
they
tangible
I
throw
a
rock
at
someone
oh
my
god
Steve
alright
stop
hold
on
Steven
okay
it's
okay
listen
I
shake
my
hand
with
one
of
the
people
affirmed
real
tangible
handshake
what
about
the
others
yeah
and
he's
being
threatened
by
all
the
other
ghosts
so
you
and
me
we
got
to
keep
these
idiots
alive
I'm
gonna
destroy
everything
we
go
into
this
little
shack
it
seems
to
be
kind
of
broken
down
but
we
go
in
there
to
get
this
quote-unquote
fishing
license
mm-hmm
and
there
he
says
hey
if
you
guys
really
want
a
fish
night
fishing
here
is
absolutely
fantastic
night
fishing
is
it
full
moon
or
no
moon
tonight
how
you
can't
see
because
of
the
mist
oh
I
I'm
assuming
I
knew
what
the
moon
paddle
was
yesterday
no
you
didn't
you're
wasted
we
didn't
shut
up
stupid
for
now
you
should
just
stay
the
in
until
the
night
comes
he
seems
like
a
completely
reasonable
old
man
you're
acting
incredibly
suspicious
today
but
for
whatever
reason
I
don't
feel
the
need
to
question
you
so
we
check
in
the
end
we
settle
down
and
we
wait
for
the
night
to
fall
can
I
pay
for
the
room
with
a
song
and
dance
I
already
paid
Steven
can
I
get
the
bar
not
yet
don't
get
drunk
EJ
hey
it's
5
p.m.
somewhere
the
night
falls
and
the
old
man
comes
in
but
he
says
is
this
old
man
gonna
die
good
the
old
man
comes
in
and
he
says
change
of
plans
we're
not
gonna
go
out
tonight
close
your
windows
lock
your
doors
turn
the
lights
off
and
turn
your
phone's
off
no
sound
no
light
do
not
peek
outside
I
put
a
disco
in
the
room
I'll
go
to
a
different
room
please
ok
disco
but
we
don't
have
a
plug
it's
a
rundown
foggy
ghost
town
guys
guys
why
do
we
have
to
be
quiet
if
we
think
about
this
logically
if
the
ghosts
or
whatever
the
hell
a
monster
is
a
sensitive
to
sound
why
not
pump
everything
like
300
decibels
and
blaster
eardrums
out
or
it
could
be
that
they
just
hear
things
like
we
hear
things
we
don't
know
anything
if
this
guy
just
said
hey
be
quiet
for
a
little
bit
I
know
we
should
be
quiet
and
stay
low
yeah
what
do
you
think
we
should
follow
this
guy
who's
lived
here
longer
than
us
who
is
still
alive
advice
rather
than
jumping
to
any
conclusions
just
because
we
waltzed
in
here
wanting
to
find
some
freaking
fish
yeah
I
don't
want
that
Stephen
I
might
like
that
Stephen
he
might
be
quieter
as
we
joke
around
the
night
comes
Daniel
falls
asleep
I
look
at
the
window
I
do
everything
exactly
opposite
of
what
the
guy
says
I
hide
underneath
my
sheets
because
everybody
knows
monsters
can't
get
you
when
you're
under
your
sheets
that
is
adorable
like
in
the
party
I
get
the
Jo
and
I
go
to
different
you
can
hide
under
the
sheets
with
me
okay
it's
safe
in
here
yes
as
you
do
you
hear
a
creak
from
a
distance
sorry
okay
my
eardrums
what
everybody
looks
over
there
you
don't
see
anything
then
when
you
turn
back
there's
this
disfigured
face
right
in
front
of
you
oh
man
that's
the
old
man
god
you're
just
old
punched
him
in
the
face
yeah
okay
he's
gonna
show
up
without
making
knocking
or
turning
on
the
lights
he
deserves
to
get
punched
in
the
face
yeah
the
old
man
is
double
disfigured
from
the
punch
already
tell
J's
though
I'm
gonna
get
us
killed
hey
it
was
a
perfectly
reasonable
response
so
the
old
man
goes
again
I
warn
you
do
not
look
there's
no
disk
the
old
man
left
okay
fine
old
man
I'll
have
to
do
nothing
we
can
think
about
our
feelings
Daniel
goes
okay
guys
we'll
play
rock
paper
scissors
and
whoever
loses
has
to
peek
outside
no
but
that
old
man
said
not
to
look
outside
the
old
man's
all
we
should
make
Daniel
do
it
yeah
cuz
he's
forcing
us
to
draw
paper
scissors
this
so
I
think
who
brought
us
on
this
rock
paper
and
landed
on
this
island
fine
fine
I'll
look
guys
don't
look
Daniel
what
are
you
doing
from
the
curtains
that
are
closed
down
Daniel
opens
them
just
a
little
bit
to
peek
outside
I
can't
see
much
from
the
mist
oh
look
there's
a
little
girl
at
this
hour
there's
a
small
girl
who
seems
to
be
smiling
her
clothes
are
ragged
doesn't
have
any
shoes
on
holy
crap
that's
a
demon
she's
a
demon
oh
let's
think
about
this
reasonably
she's
happy
that
she
went
night
hiking
and
now
poor
girl
doesn't
have
any
shoes
yeah
exactly
let's
shoot
her
in
the
face
Daniel
you
should
go
outside
and
help
Jose
you
want
to
come
with
me
since
I've
suggested
it
okay
I
just
think
we
should
either
avoid
her
or
kill
her
right
now
we
look
back
and
the
girl
disappears
okay
she's
so
she's
definitely
a
demon
or
I
don't
know
she
might
just
be
really
really
fast
so
how
people
are
alive
that
means
you
don't
have
to
be
afraid
of
that
but
you
saw
them
this
morning
they
were
kind
of
lifeless
do
you
think
we're
full
of
life
right
now
cuz
I'm
pretty
lifeless
already
okay
so
depressing
listen
I
know
student
loans
cut
you
down
but
it's
gonna
be
alright
and
we
all
kind
of
got
spooked
a
little
bit
but
it's
okay
as
the
night
gets
deeper
and
deeper
nothing
seems
to
happen
well
no
there's
more
but
from
here
it
sounds
so
fictional
no
man
in
this
office
is
gonna
believe
in
this
bull
what
happened
makes
me
nauseous
just
thinking
about
it
you
want
to
hear
more
yeah
well
you'll
have
to
wait
to
part
to
interns
don't
worry
about
it
so
monster
legends
I
know
there
will
be
a
part
two
for
this
episode
don't
worry
it'll
all
make
sense
monster
legends
is
basically
a
game
where
you
get
to
collect
evolved
and
feed
monster
and
make
them
stronger
you
can
make
them
fight
in
online
PvP
battles
and
these
monsters
are
so
cute
anyway
you
can
go
through
dungeons
with
your
monsters
and
live
this
unique
adventure
with
them
and
you
know
one
of
the
things
that
I
actually
found
really
interesting
about
this
game
is
that
it
has
over
90
million
users
and
you'll
never
run
out
of
people
to
play
with
you
can
also
play
with
your
friends
you
can
create
a
team
and
invite
them
to
join
it's
pretty
cool
and
if
your
are
ever
gonna
play
monster
legends
and
if
you're
ever
thinking
about
it
you
should
probably
do
it
soon
because
monster
legends
5th
anniversary
is
coming
up
and
during
the
month
of
June
there
will
be
a
ton
of
great
offers
and
events
so
that's
awesome
it's
available
on
iOS
and
Android
it's
free-to-play
ok
that's
it
thanks
so
much
for
watching
bye


last week we took a look at woke town and their video which they thought would convert all of us to flat earthers now it dawned on me that because we didn't watch the entire video some of you might not be fully converted so let's finish it today and see where the land lies after that this is woke town's most dangerous video - hello all and welcome along to another episode of Flat Earth Friday with me simon dan thank you very much for joining me before we begin today i just want to take a minute to thank the sponsors of today's video surf shark VPN surf shark is a VPN service that makes online privacy protection easy and attainable encrypting all internet traffic sent to and from your device and ensuring that your IP address remains hidden to make sure nobody can see what you do online on top of that they block ads malware trackers and phishing devices and unlike other VPN services you can use it as much as you want on all your devices simultaneously I personally spend about as much time online as I do sleeping and that's around 6 to 8 hours a day that is why we need to be careful about our online data with surf shark you can protect yourself from targeted ads have you ever been browsing around on the internet and all of a sudden you've seen an ver like it's if they're reading your mind or something that is how your online data is being used against you so you surf shark to become more resistant to this type of targeted advertising clicking the link in the description or go to surf shot deals left Simon Dan and use my code Simon down at checkout to receive a whopping eighty three percent off and one month extra free right back to today's video and Matt Long's woke town channel let's remember he's using a video to try and convert all of us to Flat Earth let's continue how is it we supposedly went to the moon 50 years ago but now we can't leave low or because there hasn't been a budget to go back why are the pictures of Earth from space described as composite images using ground-based observations and Photoshop to fill in the gaps some are composites yes but not all and please bear in mind that composite does not mean fake this one for example is not a composite why was all the original moon footage in telemetry data destroyed they were reused I believe a mistake yes but we're all human why is NASA constantly getting caught on live feeds with men in the background of models harnesses on the International Space Station and bubbles and scuba gear in space like they're filming spacewalks in a pool reflection in an internal window you can't hang a wire from a pocket and the bubbles are ice crystals why is YouTube hiding true Flat Earth content and promoting the ridiculous false perception of the floating pancake dealing with all these conspiracy theorists on your platform so the first way is by demoting low-quality content and promoting more authoritative content and the second is by providing more transparency for users so we're introducing boxes that provide factual information at the top of results that have shown themselves to turn up a lot of information that is counter factual such as searching for the earth is flat on YouTube where you see a lot of your responses to put a box saying nope the earth is not flat correct okay which you can probably see beneath me right now but they aren't being more transparent because they are showing Flat Earth movement for exactly what it is ridiculous and lastly if we are so sure about this spinning ball heliocentric model why are experts saying things like this so everything we know about the universe what we're made of galaxies stars planets that's all right here so according to this chart we are 96% stupid what's the problem here the stuff we know we know bloody well and just so you know the globe side has complex answers to all these but it's time you start evaluating evidence for yourself instead of simply accepting someone else's opinion of it we all have the same evidence it's your worldview and your perception of the source that determines your interpretation of that evidence unless of course you suffer from the dunning-kruger effect the experts are not any closer to the Stars and you are you have the ability to trust your senses and come up with conclusions for yourself your senses okay because they can't be fooled can they so what do flat earthers believe well I'll caveat with we do not have it all figured out nor do we claim to hmm pretty sure you do however we can prove that there are major issues with the globe model and that is why we are searching for other solutions and other models which can support the phenomena and science we repeatedly observe well this is the best representation I have so far straightaway the moon you can often see it during the day so what's that about we believe the center of our motionless world is the North Pole and an explorer or traveler can still circumnavigate this world from east to west or west to east by performing clockwise or counterclockwise circles around the North Pole and arctica is not a continent at the bottom of the globe but rather a continental ice shelf and mountain range that acts as a shoreline that holds the waters in and potentially supports the dome above so no falling off the edge the Sun Moon and stars are simply lights in the sky they are smaller closer located inside the Earth's system they are not objects floating through space that are similar to the earth they are part of the earth so no comparing us to them okay what about meteorites then how do you explain them with a dome there are many things that people think disprove this model thus conclude and they live on a ball and there's no way I can address all of them but here's some of the most common objections people say that other planets are round but as I mentioned earlier we believe planets are lights in the sky not places you can go right well how come we've been there more than once simply wandering stars that are part of our system not outside it space as you think of it is a lie people say there are no pictures of the edge well that's because of the Treaty of Antarctica that does not allow for private exploration beyond the 60th parallel upheld by the United Nations whose flag also happens to be the map of the Flat Earth clearly you've never read the treaty you can visit below the 60th parallel and many people have people say sunsets disprove the Flat Earth because we believe the Sun stays at a constant height in the sky as it circles above our head which is true however you'll notice on clear days with a minimal humidity the missing water in the atmosphere allows you to see the Sun shrink into the distance as it moves away it appears to go down just like the lights in this hallway appear to go down however if the lights in this hallway were considerably higher than the observer they would appear to shrink very little as they moved away and if we were to create some atmosphere at magnification they could even appear to grow as they approach the horizon just as the Sun does on humid days right so refraction is a thing when it's defending sunsets for you but not a thing when we are talking about it bringing stuff back from over the curve think on that and what about gravity well to put it plainly we don't believe in gravity we believe things govern themselves based on density buoyancy in the electromagnetic force all three things that are measurable and provable gravity even though it is sold as a law is actually just a theory and it's truly only needed to stick things to have all or had that ball revolve around another ball Newton himself had doubts about gravity and in fact it has never been proven to exist gravitational waves were discovered in 2015 sorry to burst your bubble there was an experiment performed in which gravity waves were supposedly detected from two black holes orbiting each other a billion light-years away just for some perspective the Sun is only eight light minutes away so multiply that distance by 65,000 to get a Lightyear then multiply it by a billion then turn out the lights because their black hole they claim that everything in the universe gives off gravity ways including the moon yet they did not detect it from the moon they detected it from two black holes a billion light years away they were supposedly distorting space-time and the amount which they claim to have detected this space-time being distorted was less than the diameter of the nucleus of an atom so please use your brains the next time you see NASA come up with a big discovery I see you've got an answer for that well clearly you don't know the effects of two objects colliding with billions of times the mass of the Sun besides gravitational waves have been detected at least a dozen more times since then look how it's always accompanied with an artist's rendering or an image instead of a picture just like this image of a black hole that they supposedly stitched together from multiple forms of data that just happens to look a lot like the cover of the Soundgarden album a black hole son oh come on if you understood how radio telescopes work then you know that they would have to been stitched together now the big question why would somebody cover this up well because the forces of evil cannot rule the original creation the one created by God they have to create an artificial one a perception in order to remove the true God from the equation lifting themselves up to be gods and they do this by creating a false reality making people unknowingly exist in it thus controlling them making it possible for everyone including the 99.9% of people working NASA to unknowingly propagate the lie and that perception is so powerful it can make someone who is provably standing still tell you that they're spending a thousand miles an hour and someone who is standing right side up tell you that they're actually upside down oh so you are like a typical flat tire that doesn't understand how anything works you said at the beginning of the video that you weren't like that very disappointing now I know you have more questions and we have the answers and even though your heart may feel like you're hearing truth I'm sure there are many objections that have risen in your mind remember we used to be you we have already had to deal with those objections just don't let the projection of someone else's perception get in the way of your pursuit of truth if you do it only proves that you're under someone else's control I pray that you take this seriously because the stakes are high don't let anything get in the way of your pursuit of truth because the truth will set you free couldn't agree more the truth will set you free and it is explained best by Neil deGrasse Tyson who once said so that when I look up at the night sky and I know that yes we are part of this universe we are in this universe but perhaps more important than both of those facts is that the universe is in us when I reflect on that fact I look up many people feel small because they're small and the universe is big but I feel big because my atoms came from those stars well that seems to be everything that woke town have and here we are still not flat earthers what a shame let me tell you now Matt I will personally not stop until every single Flat Earth channel on YouTube has been discredited I will continue to expose them for the downright lying misinformed charlatans that they are they call richard dawkins darwin's rot viola but I'm like Einsteins little Jack Russell that won't shut up right - what a wonderful Flat Earth Friday that was so glad we've wrapped that up now just enough time to once again thank Cerf shark for sponsoring today's video again please visit Cerf shot deals left Simon Dan and use my code Simon down at the checkout to get a whopping 83% off I do hope you enjoyed today's video if you did then please please do like and subscribe it'd be thoroughly appreciated I've been Simon Dan stay safe stay at home have yourselves a great weekend and I'll see you on Tuesday for the patreon voted video winner see them [Music] [Applause] [Music] you


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it
[Music]
the
17th
century
wasn't
exactly
the
most
progressive
time
in
history
as
evidenced
by
the
[ __ ]
that
people
with
dwarfism
were
literally
traded
about
by
the
upper
echelons
of
society
like
pokemon
cards
amongst
the
pantheon
of
known
court
dwarves
as
they
were
called
once
stood
above
them
all
thanks
to
the
frankly
astonishing
life.he
LEDs
in
his
rise
from
the
son
of
a
commoner
to
ultimately
seeing
himself
not
just
a
captain
of
the
horse
but
a
knight
as
well
Geoffrey
Hudson
or
Lord
minimus
Sir
Geoffrey
or
Captain
Hudson
to
give
him
his
proper
titles
was
reportedly
born
sometime
in
June
of
1619
in
the
town
of
oakum
located
right
in
the
heart
of
the
quaint
English
county
of
Rutland
the
son
of
a
stout
and
broad-shouldered
man
called
John
Hudson
Jeffries
dwarfism
was
not
initially
apparent
this
is
largely
because
Geoffrey
had
what
is
known
as
proportion
of
dwarfism
which
as
the
name
suggests
is
characterized
by
the
individuals
having
limbs
of
proportionate
size
to
their
body
as
a
result
Jeffrey's
family
didn't
actually
notice
that
anything
was
amiss
until
he
just
stayed
abnormally
small
was
there
were
many
hypotheses
bandied
about
during
Geoffrey's
lifetime
about
how
exactly
he
came
to
be
so
small
with
our
personal
favourites
being
a
contemporary
one
espousing
that
the
cause
was
his
mother
choking
on
a
pickle
while
giving
birth
however
experts
have
since
concluded
this
he
like
many
proportion
of
dwarfs
most
likely
just
had
hypopituitarism
much
to
the
chagrin
of
those
of
us
who
likes
the
pickle
story
in
any
events
Geoffrey
was
born
into
while
not
a
well-to-do
family
at
least
a
well-connected
one
Jeffrey's
father
John
was
described
of
a
man
of
lusty
stature
which
was
a
bit
of
a
requirement
of
his
job
which
was
breeding
and
managing
balls
meant
for
fighting
with
other
animals
for
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
George
Vilia
little
is
known
of
Geoffrey's
childhoods
that
is
until
his
dear
old
dad
decided
to
present
him
to
Duchess
Catherine
Villa
at
the
age
of
seven
you
see
by
the
time
Geoffrey
was
around
seven
years
old
he
reportedly
stood
scarce
more
than
a
foot
and
a
half
in
height
while
still
being
nearly
perfectly
proportioned
Geoffrey's
father
knew
how
uncommon
this
was
as
well
as
how
prized
dwarves
were
at
court
it
turns
out
many
Royals
kept
police
wand
warth
among
other
such
pets
they
were
around
for
their
own
and
their
guests
amusements
his
hope
seemingly
was
that
Geoffrey
would
be
made
a
member
of
the
Duchess's
quarters
such
an
object
of
entertainment
while
this
might
seem
somewhat
cruel
it
should
be
noted
here
that
Geoffrey's
future
prospects
were
not
exactly
good
in
this
era
by
seeing
if
the
Duchess
would
take
little
Jeff
as
part
of
her
Court
John
potentially
was
ensuring
his
son
a
life
of
luxury
but
also
one
that
would
probably
be
extremely
demeaning
but
he
was
gonna
be
demeaned
by
people
either
way
thus
might
as
well
choose
the
life
that
would
see
him
have
his
own
servants
plenty
of
food
in
his
belly
and
anything
he
could
wish
rather
than
scraping
by
as
a
commoner
whatever
his
father
was
thinking's
the
young
Geoffrey
was
indeed
accepted
and
quickly
became
a
beloved
plaything
of
the
Duchess
who
spent
her
time
dressing
him
and
miniature
outfits
and
taking
delight
in
the
reaction
he
garnered
from
friends
when
she
presented
him
at
parties
men
months
later
Geoffrey's
life
was
once
again
upended
when
the
Dukes
household
was
expecting
a
visit
from
King
Charles
the
first
and
his
wife
Queen
Henrietta
as
we've
talked
about
before
a
common
practice
of
the
day
was
to
impress
guests
via
having
obscenely
large
food
items
made
and
have
random
things
burst
out
of
them
like
living
birds
frogs
and
even
in
one
case
an
entire
28
member
orchestra
in
this
particular
case
the
Duchess
decided
to
surprise
the
king
and
queen
with
a
rather
small
pie
that
Jeffrey
was
scrunched
up
in
at
the
appropriate
moments
of
Jeffrey
bursts
out
of
the
pie
wearing
a
small
suit
of
armor
and
brandishing
a
little
swords
that
he
swung
about
wildly
to
the
great
amusement
of
all
the
Queen
is
said
to
have
immediately
become
enamored
with
Geoffrey's
remarkable
smallness
and
asked
the
Duchess
if
she
could
take
him
home
to
add
to
her
own
little
collection
which
comprised
a
couple
of
other
dwarves
a
giant
called
William
Evans
who
was
reportedly
over
seven
feet
tall
and
a
little
monkey
named
pug
happy
to
oblige
the
Duchess
handed
Jeffery
over
to
the
Queen
in
1626
after
this
Geoffrey
went
to
live
with
the
Queen
in
London
and
became
known
as
Lord
minimus
with
his
remarkably
near-perfect
proportions
and
extremely
small
stature
even
for
a
dwarf
being
particularly
valued
as
noted
by
Sir
Walter
Scott
when
Jeffrey
had
reached
adulthood
he
still
had
not
added
much
in
height
from
his
seven-year-old
self
he
stated
he
although
a
dwarf
of
the
least
possible
size
has
nothing
positively
ugly
in
his
countenance
or
actually
distorted
in
his
limbs
his
countenance
in
particular
had
he
been
a
little
taller
would
have
been
accounted
in
his
youth
handsome
and
now
in
age
striking
an
expressive
it
was
but
the
uncommon
disproportion
between
the
head
and
the
trunk
which
made
the
features
seem
whimsical
and
bizarre
and
effects
which
was
considerably
increased
by
the
dwarfs
moustaches
which
it
was
his
pleasure
to
wear
so
large
that
they
almost
twisted
back
amongst
and
mingled
with
his
grizzled
hair
going
back
to
his
childhood
due
to
the
massive
difference
in
height
between
Evans
and
Jeffrey
over
seven
feet
versus
about
1.5
feet
apparently
one
of
the
many
popular
party
tricks
Evans
and
Jeffrey
used
to
perform
was
to
have
evans
presented
to
guests
at
which
pointed
pull
a
large
loaf
of
bread
is
out
of
one
pocket
and
then
pull
Jeffrey
out
of
the
other
the
two
who
would
then
proceed
to
prepare
some
food
for
the
guests
using
the
Bret
it
wasn't
all
about
entertaining
guests
so
I
thought
while
Jeffrey
initially
was
treated
as
little
more
than
a
pet
for
whatever
reason
the
Queen
who
was
about
a
decade
older
than
Jeff
and
he
hit
it
off
quickly
becoming
extremely
close
it
speculated
that
their
shared
sense
of
being
outsiders
to
the
society
in
which
they
lived
may
have
played
a
part
the
Queen
being
a
French
Catholic
living
in
England
at
a
time
when
both
were
somewhat
tubu
things
got
even
worse
for
her
when
she
was
further
isolated
by
her
husband
King
Charles
when
he
had
almost
her
entire
retinue
including
her
close
friends
Madame
Sandridge
forcibly
removed
by
God's
and
kicked
out
of
the
country
in
June
of
16
26
around
the
same
time
Jeffrey
came
into
the
Queen's
life
with
Geoffrey
her
trusted
confidant
the
Queen
saw
to
it
that
he
became
educated
taught
how
to
be
a
gentleman
and
even
began
giving
in
courtly
tasks
rather
than
just
having
him
work
solely
as
entertainment
for
guests
and
herself
poor
example
in
1630
the
Queen
sent
a
then
ten-year-old
Jeffrey
to
Francis
part
of
a
delegation
to
retrieve
her
midwife
Madame
Peron
ten
catholic
friars
and
various
valuables
from
her
mother
Queen
Marie
de
Medicis
while
that
belong
with
famed
court
dance
master
and
hunchback
Jack
korte
odd
becau
who
is
also
a
part
of
this
delegation
Jeffry
reportedly
Wow
to
the
court
in
France
with
his
dancing
abilities
in
the
process
collecting
quite
a
lot
of
rather
expensive
gifts
from
impressed
members
of
the
court
unfortunately
for
Jeff
this
journey
ended
in
disaster
when
the
ship
he
was
on
while
headed
back
home
was
captured
by
pirates
the
Midwife
and
Jeff
his
own
newfound
valuables
along
with
those
centres
gifts
to
the
Queen
were
taken
though
the
others
aboard
like
the
Friars
and
the
DanceMaster
were
allowed
to
go
free
when
the
Queen
found
out
what
had
happened
she
reportedly
was
extremely
concerned
for
Jeffrey's
safety
as
to
how
she
got
him
back
this
isn't
clear
but
it
can
be
presumed
she
paid
some
sort
of
ransom
for
his
return
whatever
the
case
a
return
he
shortly
did
thereafter
and
he
continued
his
life
at
the
court
unfortunately
for
the
Queen
her
baby
died
not
long
after
being
born
though
reportedly
Jeffrey
was
a
great
comfort
to
her
during
this
period
staying
by
her
side
throughout
her
long
recovery
from
what
was
described
as
an
extremely
difficult
labor
from
here
Jeffrey
it
was
her
constant
companion
and
when
he
got
older
one
of
her
most
trusted
advisors
on
that
notes
a
curious
and
academically
inclined
child
Jeffrey
was
known
to
be
a
voracious
reader
he
also
soon
was
known
in
the
Queen's
Court
for
his
rapier
wit
and
penchant
for
devilish
cutting
put-downs
to
anyone
who
would
insult
him
something
that
only
served
to
make
him
even
more
popular
with
the
Queen
and
later
the
king
who
are
both
said
to
have
been
endlessly
amused
by
Jeffrey's
growing
confidence
and
ability
to
reduce
anyone
insulting
him
to
a
sputtering
idiot
with
a
marvelously
well
crafted
insult
of
his
own
beyond
book
learning
and
his
weaponized
wit
Jeffrey
was
also
taught
to
use
actual
weapons
and
to
ride
horses
with
a
special
saddle
and
custom-made
pistols
more
suited
for
his
stature
being
made
van
by
all
accounts
as
with
so
many
other
areas
of
learning
Jeffery
excelled
at
horsemanship
and
became
an
exceptional
marksmen
through
skills
that
would
i
rana
Clee
results
in
the
latter
half
of
his
life
going
horribly
wrong
nevertheless
at
the
age
of
23
Jeffrey
it
was
keen
to
do
his
bid
for
king
and
queen
when
the
English
Civil
War
began
in
1642
though
you
still
only
around
20
to
23
inches
tall
he
didn't
hesitate
to
lend
his
new
found
talents
to
the
war
effort
impressed
by
the
dwarfs
candor
the
king
and
queen
granted
him
the
title
of
captain
of
the
horse
it's
not
clear
if
Geoffrey
actually
was
allowed
to
lead
troops
in
battle
or
if
it
was
just
a
ceremonial
position
it
was
also
around
this
time
that
the
king
night
in
Jeffries
though
that
one
was
reportedly
a
joke
during
a
party
nevertheless
it
was
an
official
knighting
from
the
king
as
for
Geoffrey
he
took
his
new
positions
incredibly
seriously
insisting
upon
being
addressed
as
captain
Geoffrey
Hudson
after
him
being
given
that
rank
when
the
Queen
fled
England
at
the
height
of
the
war
Geoffrey
dutifully
accompanied
her
to
France
upon
arriving
in
the
country
emboldened
by
his
recent
successes
in
life
he
made
it
known
to
the
Queen's
entourage
that
he
would
no
longer
accept
jibes
about
his
height
and
that
it
defend
his
honour
with
his
life
if
necessary
after
all
whether
originally
as
a
joke
or
not
he
was
now
a
knight
of
the
English
quarter
captain
of
the
guard
an
excellent
marksman
and
one
of
the
most
trusted
confidence
of
the
Queen
so
this
brings
us
to
an
event
that
would
change
his
life
forever
occurring
in
1644
when
he
was
about
25
years
old
a
gentlemen
of
the
court
evidently
decided
to
ignore
Geoffrey's
insistence
that
he
was
no
longer
some
court
pets
to
be
teased
and
instead
apparently
insulted
Geoffrey
in
some
way
though
what
exactly
was
sent
has
been
lost
to
history
enraged
Geoffrey
challenged
the
man
to
a
duel
a
challenge
that
was
accepted
with
pistols
on
horseback
being
chosen
for
the
fight
showing
how
much
he
thought
of
the
whole
thing
was
a
joke
Geoffrey's
opponent
chose
to
face
him
not
wielding
a
pistol
of
his
own
but
rather
a
squirt
gun
like
device
as
noted
in
a
letter
from
Queen
Henrietta
of
the
event
the
giving
Cavalier
took
no
firearms
but
merely
a
huge
squirt
with
which
he
meant
at
once
to
extinguish
his
small
adversary
and
the
power
of
his
weapon
the
ventral
dwarf
however
managed
his
good
steed
with
sufficient
dress
to
avoid
the
shower
aimed
at
himself
and
his
loaded
pistols
and
withal
to
shoot
his
laughing
adversary
debt
not
just
shooting
him
dead
from
horseback
Geoffrey
demonstrated
his
prodigious
skill
as
a
marksman
by
putting
a
rather
sizeable
hole
in
his
opponent's
forehead
almost
hitting
him
right
between
the
Ollie's
this
all
might
have
amused
the
roles
except
that
the
man
Geoffrey
had
just
killed
happened
to
be
the
brother
of
the
Queen's
master
of
the
horse
William
Croft
this
might
still
have
been
okay
accepts
on
top
of
having
a
well-connected
brother
it
turns
out
that
dueling
was
illegal
in
France
at
the
time
this
meant
that
Jeffrey
had
just
committed
murder
in
the
eyes
of
the
court
so
Jeffery
was
promptly
arrested
with
calls
to
have
him
executed
but
the
Queen
was
having
of
it
although
apparently
extremely
displeased
of
Geoffrey
for
embarrassing
her
in
this
way
among
the
aristocracy
and
while
a
guest
in
the
country
she
nevertheless
wrote
to
Cardinal
Mazarin
pleading
that
Jeffrey's
life
be
spared
her
request
was
granted
and
instead
of
being
executed
Jeffery
was
exiled
from
France
exactly
what
happens
in
Jeffery
after
this
isn't
clear
other
than
apparently
shortly
thereafter
he
found
himself
on
a
ship
that
was
captured
by
Ottoman
pirates
being
something
of
a
novelty
he
was
sold
into
slavery
and
spent
around
two
and
a
half
decades
in
this
state
ultimately
freed
sometime
in
the
late
sixteen
sixties
as
part
of
efforts
by
England
to
get
its
captured
citizens
released
from
slavery
the
first
mention
of
him
back
in
England
after
this
period
occurred
in
1669
as
to
what
he
got
up
to
as
a
slave
little
is
known
of
this
other
than
an
account
gleaned
from
an
interview
he
gave
to
author
James
Wright
who
was
writing
a
history
of
Rutland
book
from
this
we
know
only
a
couple
of
things
first
Jeffries
somehow
grew
22
inches
approximately
doubling
his
height
from
the
age
of
around
25
to
50
when
he
returns
this
is
where
we
have
some
small
reference
of
what
his
life
was
like
as
a
slave
when
he
credited
his
growth
to
the
stresses
of
hard
labor
as
well
as
buggery
for
those
not
familiar
this
is
another
word
for
sodomy
seemingly
implying
at
least
part
of
Geoffrey's
role
as
a
slave
for
someone
was
as
a
sex
toy
or
perhaps
other
slaves
used
him
as
such
whatever
the
case
now
free
the
much
fuller
Jeffery
was
now
simply
a
short
man
instead
of
a
miniature
one
meaning
he
wasn't
able
to
resume
his
former
post
at
court
compounding
the
issue
was
that
the
Queen
had
died
in
1669
the
year
he
appears
to
have
returned
to
England
so
benefitting
from
her
patronage
also
was
not
an
option
ultimately
he
was
given
money
by
the
Duke
of
Buckingham
George
Wilier
ii
who
was
the
son
of
Jeffries
first
patron
as
well
as
from
charles
ii
son
of
queen
henrietta
to
help
him
set
up
his
new
life
unfortunately
for
him
when
he
travelled
to
London
in
1676
to
request
a
pension
from
the
court
this
was
a
peak
time
of
anti-catholic
sentiment
in
the
country
this
saw
Jeffrey
promptly
arrested
upon
arriving
in
London
for
the
sole
crime
of
daring
to
be
a
Catholic
this
was
a
faith
had
taken
up
as
a
youth
because
of
the
Queen
Geoffrey
subsequently
spent
the
next
four
years
also
in
prison
being
released
in
1680
as
to
what
he
got
up
to
after
this
isn't
known
other
than
he
died
two
years
later
at
the
age
of
63
and
1682
buried
in
a
pauper's
grave
without
so
much
as
a
headstone
despite
officially
being
a
knight
and
captain
of
the
horse
while
it
is
unknown
where
he
was
buried
a
marker
was
created
at
some
point
near
his
place
of
birth
which
simply
states
Sir
Geoffrey
Hudson
1619
to
1680
a
dwarf
presented
in
a
pie
to
King
Charles
the
first
so
I
really
hope
you
enjoyed
the
video
if
you
did
please
do
hit
that
thumbs
up
button
below
don't
forget
to
subscribe
please
do
check
out
our
fantastic
sponsor
Squarespace
there
is
a
link
to
them
below
and
thank
you
for


this episode of real engineering is brought to you by brilliant a problem solving website that teaches you to think like an engineer money climate stabilization plans depend upon the power sector moving towards net zero carbon dioxide output by 2050 to achieve this fossil fuel power plants are beginning to close around the world coal the world's stable energy source for centuries has steadily fallen out of favour since 2015 with a 70% drop in new construction projects this decline cannot be entirely pinned on shifting global attitudes to climate change economic pressures have been the driving force for many of the closures as solar and wind energy continues to get cheaper California is among the most proactive places in the world when it comes to renewable energy and they have a good reason to be droughts and wildfires have plagued the state in recent years and trends indicate that they will continue to get worse with increasing global temperature over the past eight years Californian energy sources have shifted dramatically in 2010 their energy sources looked like this with the majority of energy coming from natural gas hydroelectricity nuclear and geothermal in 2018 each of these energy sources has dropped in the percentage of total energy production with solar rising to an astounding 19% in just eight years and wind more than doubling to 6.5 percent last year Californian lawmakers set a goal of reaching 100% renewable energy for the states by 2045 and at this rate California are on track but California's progress is about to get a lot more expensive and difficult a switching to 100% renewable energy even in sunny California is not quite as easy as installing solar panels let's discover why by visiting Moss Landing in beautiful Monterey Bay this natural gas power plant began producing energy in 1950 with the nameplate power capacity of six hundred and thirteen megawatts by 2002 it was the largest power plant in the state of California with the power capacity of two thousand five hundred and sixty megawatts it has gone through many changes in those seventy years of operation with older less efficient systems been retired and replaced with modern more efficient and cleaner systems last year the latest update for the facility was announced with an unprecedented battery storage facility totalling 567 megawatts of storage making it the largest battery installation in the world this battery storage facility is designed to take over the Moss Landing power plants role as a peeker station providing surges of energy to the grid when needed and thus decreased California's use of natural gas California's grid operator provides life and historical stats on power generation and consumption let's take a look at a typical day in the state this is the energy supply for May 24th 2018 this line is the power gained from hydroelectricity we can see a steady base load is provided by nuclear energy from the Diablo Canyon power plant which is this flat output line this supply deviates very little throughout the year providing a steady two thousand two hundred and eighty megawatts about 90 percent of the needs of the state this power station rarely varies its load because it takes a tremendous amount of time to do so here we can see the very noticeable spike of renewable energy starting at 6 a.m. as the Sun rises on this day thirty four point five percent of California's electricity was provided by renewable energy 51% of that being from solar this is fantastic but we have one big problem solar energy began to drop off at 5 p.m. just as California's population was about to leave work and get stuck in traffic for hours before arriving home to turn on their air-conditioning cook their dinners and watch TV this results in a peak power demand at eight thirty four and a half hours after our solar supply peaked in order to deal with this demand California begins to ramp up its natural gas power stations which can quickly raise their energy output to deal with surges in demand California also imported a significant amount of energy from other states primarily wind and hydro electricity from the Pacific Northwest a nuclear coal a natural gas from Nevada as California looks towards a carbon neutral energy supply they're looking to remove these natural gas power state and replaced them with batteries that can store excess solar electricity so it is available when needed this battery installation in Moss Landing is going to fill that role and make no mistake batteries are now cheap enough to be a financially viable solution for California at small scales like this allowing power companies to buy cheap solar energy and sell it on for a profit when demand requires however this business model does not last very long as we scale up let's calculate how much battery storage California would need to replace just this natural gas peaking power on May 24th 2018 step 1 Don load the data from this day and graft the natural gas power output this data has a resolution of five minutes but we are going to reduce a resolution to an hour to make the data easier to Paris we will assume our new grid will contain a steady base load of natural gas power at four thousand two hundred and twenty megawatts which is a 10% drop in our natural gas use for the day and a 1.7 percent drop when expressed as a percentage of total energy use on the day in an ideal world I think California would be generating this base load using nuclear energy but that seems unlikely as early last year regulators voted to close the Diablo Canyon power plant California's last nuclear power plant we can now clearly see the energy we need to provide with batteries as this area that rises above our base load to calculate it we simply need to calculate the area of this section which will give us our battery storage requirements in megawatt hours this comes out to be about eleven thousand two hundred megawatt hours of energy storage Tesla's one hundred and twenty-nine megawatt hour battery storage facility for horns Dale firm in Australia came with a price tag of fifty-six million dollars extrapolating that figure out to an eleven thousand two hundred megawatt hour battery we could expect a total cost of four point eight six billion dollars we would likely be able to achieve a lower battery cost over time as battery prices continue to lower over time it's not an absurd number Diablo Canyon power plant which has about five times the daily energy output cost 13.8 to construct however it's important to remember that batteries do not generate their own energy and in order to make this a worthwhile endeavor renewable energy would need to generate a surplus of electricity during the day to charge them which California is already doing everyday California curtails significant amounts of renewable energy which is not needed this figure is continually rising with April 2019 having a record 190,000 megawatt hours wasted on May 7th of this month an astounding 8000 369 megawatt hours was curtailed nearly enough to fully charge our massive battery it's this cheap energy our Moss Landing battery farm will be looking to purchase and sell for a profit however going forward to May 15th just 193 megawatt hours was curtailed even in summer our renewable resources are highly variable and unreliable this leaves us vulnerable if we do not have alternative energy sources like natural gas or nuclear to pick up the slack but let's move forward assuming we are going to rely on solar as Californian politicians seem to be aiming for this requires billions of dollars to be spent building redundant power which can pick up the slack when needed this problem becomes particularly apparent in January in December where our energy generation falls off a cliff even in sunny California let's analyze the towpath solar farm to see the scale of our problem in order for solar energy to reliably provide power we need to size it to give us the necessary power even in winter months once again we've all the data we need to figure this out here is the average energy output for a single day of each month over the past four years of this farms operation as we can see our energy generation drops from a peak of four thousand three hundred and eighty eight megawatt hours in June to a low of two thousand six hundred and thirty seven megawatt hours in January this differential is actually quite good and other solar farms can see a larger drop in production but for now we will be generous so to charge our eleven thousand two hundred megawatt hour battery using this power source in winter we would need a solar farm 4.25 times bigger than topaz firm this solar farm costs 2.4 billion to construct so once again scaling linearly we could expect a cost of 10.2 billion for solar farm of this size now this presents a new problem at our peak power in summer we are generating on average an excess of seven thousand four hundred and thirty seven megawatt hours a day if this energy cannot find a home grid operators have to shut it down to prevent it from overloading the grid to prevent the energy being curtailed it can be exported assuming neighboring states are also not over producing or we can add more storage to the grid which would cost roughly 3.2 billion using the same method of estimation from earlier you can see a pattern emerging here to increase solar we need to add more batteries in order to add more batteries we need to add more solar and it eventually gets to a point where batteries dominate costs caused explode as we increase our reliance on renewable energy and storage here to just increase our renewable resources by 1.9 to maybe 2.5% we have reached a total estimated cost of eighteen point two six billion dollars four point six billion more than the construction cost of Diablo Canyon nuclear power station while producing less power these costs bloat more and more as we increase our reliance on renewables in order to ensure we have enough power in the winter months we have to build excessive amounts of renewable energy sources or we can try to store the excess power from the summer months and save it for a rainy day at which point our costs become dominated by batteries the clean air task force an MIT research group estimated that California would require nine point six million megawatt hours of energy storage at 80 percent renewable usage and thirty-six point three million megawatt hours of energy storage at 100% this is equivalent to twelve days and forty five days worth of energy storage respectively their rationale for this which is not clearly given in any of their documentation but I managed to track down the original researcher is this is the storage required to store all the excess energy in the summer months when we scale our renewables to be fifty percent from solar and fifty percent from wind while not scaling their power generation to provide enough energy even on the average winter day a very strange approach considering lithium-ion batteries are not suitable for long-term storage gradually losing their church this coupled with the costs associated with batteries along with the rapidly falling price of solar and wind energy makes me very skeptical of the number thirty six point three million megawatt hours of energy storage if we gave a generous future adjusted price of one hundred dollars per kilowatt hour would come out at a price of three point six three trillion dollars more than the three trillion gross domestic product of California for 2018 this for me is an over simplistic approach so let's set forth our own plan taking January of this year as an example we are going to scale our power for this month as it's our worst case scenario downloading the data for every single day of the month we can see the energy demand per day varying like so now if we place our solar generation on the same graph we can see it generated an average of 8.2 percent of our total generation with a low of 2.1 percent on January fourth and a high of twelve point seven percent on January 27th we had consecutive bad days on the 14th 15th 16th and 17th with only two point one to point two five point two and three percent from solar if we scale this to provide 100 percent of our energy needs even on our worst day we can see that the high variation would add additional costs either in battery storage or excess solar thankfully if we now overlay our wind generation we can see that on those days wind generation was higher than normal and picked up the slack a little these were obviously cloudy stormy days in California this raises an important point on California strategy they have been rushing to install megawatts of solar in recent years and have not been installing enough wind wind maybe an overall more expensive power source for California but going forward it's going to be a vital part of diversifying their power sources if we add our other renewable power sources which are geothermal biofuels and small hydro facilities our new renewables count comes out like this accounting for an average of 20 percent of our energy needs large hydro facilities are technically a renewable energy source but are not counted in our total as they require environmentally destructive dams they are also not counted as they are some of the oldest power stations and policy makers do not want large hydro facilities watering down their efforts in increasing other renewable sources for our purposes this is silly so let's add it in once again we have smooth it our output allowing us to be less reliant on batteries and excess power closing nuclear stations is also a questionable move and overall going to add to our grids costs and inefficiencies the higher the probability of dips in renewables on consecutive days like this the more batteries we are going to need to store excess power on other days that also means we have to install additional excess power sources in order to ensure we have excess power to charge our batteries this can be done in summer months but as we said batteries are not well-suited to long-term storage thankfully many companies are working on developing cheaper energy solutions for the grid which will allow us to cost-effectively store energy currently the true Holy Grail is developing cheap storage that will be able to store all that excess power in the summer months and allow us to spread it out throughout the year arpa-e an energy research group modeled after DARPA the loonatics that funded this monstrosity invested 30 million dollars in 10 startups trying to develop this technology some focus on thermal batteries others thermochemical and form energy who's developing a sulfur-based battery received the largest share of that 30 million these are technologies that could facilitate a smaller more efficient renewable grid and we all cover them in a future episode so to recap California is heading towards over reliance on solar energy it needs to begin diversifying its renewable portfolio with wind and other sources continue to slowly build out these lithium-ion battery facilities to replace natural gas peaking power but unless something dramatically changes they aren't going to be a panacea to our renewable energy woes so continued research into low-cost long-term energy storage will be vital arpa-e needs to be supported in this effort this is just a brief look at California but while the parameters of this problem change with different climates and economies the overall problem is the same we need every country to be intelligently optimizing their grid to accommodate renewables to ensure an optimized grid is going to require careful analysis of historical data like we did above while calculating statistical likelihood of not fulfilling demand with different energy systems as much as I would love to performing a complete study of this nature is outside the scope of a YouTube video but if I was going to do it I would need to brush up on my Python coding knowledge to automate the process and my understanding of statistics both of which I could do on brilliant taking these two courses will give you all the skills you need to take large data sets like this and make sense of them Python is one of the most widely used programming languages and it is an excellent first language for new programmers this course will show you how to use Python to create intricate drawings coded messages and beautiful data plots while teaching you some essential core programming concepts combine this with the statistics course to learn more about medians variance and standard deviation and you'll have all the skills to make sense of the mountains of data available on grid provider sites like this brilliant recently introduced a new feature called daily challenges which will present you with interesting scientific and mathematical problems to test your brain every day if I've inspired you and you want to educate yourself then go to brilliant org ford slash real engineering and sign up for free and the first 500 people to go to that link will get 20% off the annual premium subscription so you can get full access to all their courses as well as the entire daily challenges archive as always thanks for watching and thank you to all my patreon supporters if you'd like to see more from me the link to my Instagram Twitter subreddit and discord server are