When you sing ,  sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.
Yes the vocal cords are a fascinating thing.  It takes a lot of understanding and technique to be able to control your voice well enough to sing.
A voice type is a particular human singing voice identified as having certain qualities or characteristics of vocal range, vocal weight, tessitura, vocal timbre, and vocal transition point
I'm not sure what vocal type I would fall into.  I have a high pitched voice for my age and I can reach higher notes than some but I wouldn't call myself a professional or anything.
There is no authoritative system of voice classification in non-classical music as classical terms are used to describe not merely various vocal ranges, but specific vocal timbres 
That's interesting information, I'll have to look into it to see what kind of category my voice falls into, I'm very interested in becoming a better singer.
Interestingly, singing requires time, dedication, instruction and regular practice.