In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or total social welfare or Marshallian surplus (after Alfred Marshall), refers to two related quantities: Consumer surplus, or consumers' surplus, is the monetary gain obtained by consumers because they are able to purchase a product for a price that is less than the highest price that they would be willing to pay. Producer surplus, or producers' surplus, is the amount that producers benefit by selling at a market price that is higher than the least that they would be willing to sell for; this is roughly equal to profit (since producers are not normally willing to sell at a loss and are normally indifferent to selling at a break-even price). Overview In the mid-19th century, engineer Jules Dupuit first propounded the concept of economic surplus, but it was the economist Alfred Marshall who gave the concept its fame in the field of economics. On a standard supply and demand diagram, consumer surplus is the area (triangular if the supply and demand curves are linear) above the
En la economía mainstream, el superávit económico, también conocido como bienestar total o bienestar social total o superávit Marshall (después de Alfred Marshall), se refiere a dos cantidades relacionadas: el superávit de consumo, o superávit de los consumidores, es el beneficio monetario obtenido por los consumidores porque son capaces de comprar un producto por un precio que es inferior al precio más alto que estarían dispuestos a pagar. Superávit de productor, o superávit de los productores, es la cantidad que los productores se benefician vendiendo a un precio de mercado que es más alto que el mínimo que estarían dispuestos a vender; esto es aproximadamente igual al beneficio (desde que los productores no están normalmente dispuestos a vender a una pérdida y son normalmente indiferentes a vender a un precio compartido).