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This review describes : 1 - some muscle and non - muscle factors that are altered in asthma that may lead to airway narrowing and asthma symptoms ; 2 - some technologies such as the forced oscillation technique that have the potential to unveil the role of ASM in airway narrowing in vivo ; and 3 - some data from ex vivo and in vitro methods that probe the possibility that airway hyperresponsiveness is due to the altered environment surrounding the ASM or , alternatively , to a hypercontractile ASM phenotype that can be either innate or acquired .
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Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: Chemical 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
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