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4.1 Deformation and residual stress Like other additive manufacturing process , distortion and residual stress are inherent to the WAAM process and it is impossible to completely avoid its generation .
 concept or principle: Deformation; machanical property: residual stress; manufacturing process: additive manufacturing process; concept or principle: distortion; machanical property: residual stress; manufacturing process: WAAM; concept or principle: process
Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: manufacturing standard, machanical property, manufacturing process, material, engineering feature, process parameter, machine or equipment, application, process characterization, enabling technology, biomedical, concept or principle 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
 concept or principle: Deformation; machanical property: residual stress; manufacturing process: additive manufacturing process; concept or principle: distortion; machanical property: residual stress; manufacturing process: WAAM; concept or principle: process