1447
The WAAM raw material , including aB-received wire and substrate , often has a degree of surface contamination , such as moisture , grease and other hydrocarbon compounds that may be difficult to completely remove .
 manufacturing process: WAAM; material: raw material; material: substrate; process characterization: surface contamination; material: as; material: be
Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: manufacturing standard, machanical property, manufacturing process, material, engineering feature, process parameter, machine or equipment, application, process characterization, enabling technology, biomedical, concept or principle 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
 manufacturing process: WAAM; material: raw material; material: substrate; process characterization: surface contamination; material: as; material: be