8952
The above evidence coupled with the rather disappointing results emerging from the first stem cell clinical trials in COPD patients underline the need for careful study design by setting realistic goals to assess efficacy such as biomarkers that reflect clinically inconspicuous alterations of the disease molecular phenotype before rigid conclusions can be safely drawn .
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Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: Chemical 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
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