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The frequent defects that are produced in components during the WAAM process using different alloys are characterized including deformity , porosity , and cracking .
 concept or principle: defects; machine or equipment: components; manufacturing process: WAAM; concept or principle: process; material: alloys; machanical property: porosity; concept or principle: cracking
Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: manufacturing standard, machanical property, manufacturing process, material, engineering feature, process parameter, machine or equipment, application, process characterization, enabling technology, biomedical, concept or principle 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
 concept or principle: defects; machine or equipment: components; manufacturing process: WAAM; concept or principle: process; material: alloys; machanical property: porosity; concept or principle: cracking