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However , platforms for high throughput heterogeneous assays do not exist thereby severely increasing the cost and time of enzyme optimization , or leading to the use of assays with soluble substrates for convenient , but non - ideal , optimization .
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Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: Chemical 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
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