27549
Thus , by characterizing the ovarian phenotypes of preovulatory follicle - specific Smad4 knockout mice , we identified the developmental stage - specific functions of the canonical TGF - beta signaling pathway in ovulation and luteinization .
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Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category.Output format is "type1: word1; type2: word2". 
Option: Chemical 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
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