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In this contribution , a simplified macroscopic and semi-analytical thermal analysis of directed energy deposition ( DED ) is presented to obtain computationally efficient simulations of the entire process .
 macroscopic, thermal analysis, directed energy deposition, DED, simulations, process
Please list all entity words in the text that fit the category. Output format is "word1, word2". 
Option: manufacturing standard, machanical property, manufacturing process, material, engineering feature, process parameter, machine or equipment, application, process characterization, enabling technology, biomedical, concept or principle 
Text: {0} 
Answer:
 macroscopic, thermal analysis, directed energy deposition, DED, simulations, process