Azerbaijan, formally the Republic of Azerbaijan (), is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. It is bordered by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The exclave of Nakhichevan is bordered by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, and with Turkey to the northwest. The country's capital city is Baku. The majority-Armenian populated Nagorno-Karabakh region in the southwest of Azerbaijan declared itself independent from Azerbaijan in 1991, but it is not diplomatically recognized by any country and is "de jure" (in international law) part of Azerbaijan. Air transportation in Azerbaijan is organized and controlled by the Ministry of Transpotation of the Republic of Azerbaijan.