Peter Neilson (12 July 1954 – 9 February 2022) was an English-born New Zealand businessman and politician. He was a Labour Party Member of Parliament in the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1981 until 1990. Neilson was a member of the Geoffrey Palmer-Mike Moore cabinet as Minister of Customs (1989–1990), Works and Revenue (1990). Neilson was born in Birmingham, England.