Either way , he recognized the Zhou as promising upstarts and established a friendly relationship with them .
Perhaps , speculates Ralph D. Sawyer , Yu Xiong had recognized that the Shang dynasty was crumbling or he simply wanted to ensure good relations with all powerful neighbors .
Either way , Shang recognized the Zhou as promising upstarts and established a friendly relationship with them .
Perhaps , speculates Ralph D. Sawyer , Yu Xiong had recognized that the Shang dynasty was crumbling or he simply wanted to ensure good relations with all powerful neighbors .