The bourgeoisie ( upper - middle - class ) was defeated in its effort to it gain political control in 1848 .
They still had enough money and organizational skill that could be employed through philanthropic agencies to provide an alternative powerbase for their world view .
The bourgeoisie ( upper - middle - class ) was defeated in its effort to it gain political control in 1848 , but they still had enough money and organizational skill that could be employed through philanthropic agencies to provide an alternative powerbase for their world view .