Chinese fiction of the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty was varied , self - conscious , and experimental .
In both China and Western Europe , the novel gradually became more autobiographical and serious in exploration of social , moral , and philosophical problems .
China fiction of the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty was varied , self - conscious , and experimental .
In both China and Western Europe , the novel gradually became more autobiographical and serious in exploration of social , moral , and philosophical problems .