The exposition had become institutionalized by now .
The exposition had attracted competition from events in Bern ( 1845 ) , Madrid ( 1845 ) , Saint Petersburg ( 1848 ) and Lisbon ( 1849 ) .
The exposition had become institutionalized by now , and had attracted competition from events in Bern ( 1845 ) , Madrid ( 1845 ) , Saint Petersburg ( 1848 ) and Lisbon ( 1849 ) .