The Necessary and Proper Clause confers supplemental authority only when the means adopted to accomplish an enumerated power are ' appropriate ' , are ' plainly adapted to that end ' .
Are ' consistent with the letter and spirit of the constitution . '
The Necessary and Proper Clause confers supplemental authority only when the means adopted to accomplish an enumerated power are ' appropriate ' , are ' plainly adapted to that end ' , and are ' consistent with the letter and spirit of the constitution . '