Multi-view display module using MEMS projectors for an ultra-large screen autostereoscopic display
Hirabayashi, Kenji
Takenaka, Hiromitsu
Konuma, Osamu
Morimoto, Yasuhiro
Takaki, Yasuhiro
A multi-view display module using microelectromechanical system (MEMS) projectors is proposed to realize ultra-large screen autostereoscopic displays. The module consists of an array of MEMS projectors, a vertical diffuser, and a lenticular lens. All MEMS projectors having different horizontal positions project images that are superimposed on the vertical diffuser. Each cylindrical lens constituting the lenticular lens generates multiple three-dimensional (3D) pixels at different horizontal positions near its focal plane. Because the 3D pixel is an image of a micro-mirror of the MEMS projector, the number of 3D pixels in each lens is equal to the number of MEMS projectors. Therefore, the horizontal resolution of the module can be increased using more projectors. By properly modulating lasers in the MEMS projector, the horizontal positions of dots constituting a projected image can be altered at different horizontal scan lines. By increasing the number of scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel, the number of views can be increased. Because the module has a frameless screen, a number of modules can be arranged two-dimensionally to obtain a large screen. The prototype module was constructed using four MEMS projectors. 
 Thank you, Mr. Chairman. My name is Ken Chirabash from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. The title of my talk is Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors for an Auto-Rise Screen Autosystemic Display. Auto-Rise Screen Autosystemic Displays allow many viewers to observe 3D images simultaneously and also provide more realistic impressions. This photograph shows the titling 3D displays having large screens, but it is glassy-type. In this study, we propose a Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors to achieve large-screen auto-risescopic display. The types of multi-projection systems have been developed. Superportion types proposed by Holographica and NICT consist of MEMS Projector LA and screen lens. This system has a simple structure. However, this system requires large system depths. A titling type proposed by Italy consists of Projector LA and light-controlling screens such as the lens ticker lens or park barrier. This system requires a small system depth. However, precise alignment and color matching among all projectors is required. In this study, as shown in this figure, we propose a Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors which has a frame-length screen so that the number of modules are tied to provide a large screen. This slide shows a proposed Multi-View Display Module. The proposed module consists of MEMS Projector LA, a vertical diffuser, and a lens ticker lens. All MEMS Projectors have different horizontal positions and all projected images are superimposed on vertical diffuser. This module should produce a large number of viewpoints to allow many viewers in large viewing areas simultaneously. In our module, we use MEMS Projector because it has the following features. No projection lens, low energy consumption, and generation of dots can be flexibly altered. This slide shows a relative technique. It is a proposed combination of 2D lens LA and 2D projector LA. This system provides a full-parax but low-resolution. A full-flameless screen feature is not considered. In contrast, this study proposed a combination of 1D lens LA and MEMS Projector LA with modified 2D arrangement. This system provides a horizontal parax and high-resolution. Now, I'll explain the operating principle of proposed technique. This figure shows a horizontal sectional view. The lens ticker lens having double-range surfaces is located on the front of the vertical diffuser. This figure shows the classes of rays emitted from the three projectors located at different horizontal positions. Rays from projectors are converged by the cylindrical lenses on rear-range surface to generate light spot on front-range surface and then deflected by the rectangular lens on front-range surface. By placing the focal plane of front-range lenses on rear-range surface, all right spot emit rays in the same manner and work as 3D pixel. Therefore, the number of 3D pixels in each cylindrical lens is equal to that of the projectors. Next, I'll show you the vertical sectional view. Because rays are diffused vertically by vertical diffuser, the difference between the vertical positions of the projectors is practically eliminated. So, this area becomes common viewing area. Therefore, as showing these figures, even those projectors have different vertical positions, the 3D pixels are aligned in horizontal direction. As showing this equation, horizontal resolution is equal to the number of lenses times the number of projectors. So, the horizontal resolution can be increased by increasing the number of projectors. This slide explains the dot generation scheme of MEMS Projector. As shown in this figure, by properly modulating the laser, the horizontal position of dot can be changed among the horizontal scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel. Rays from dot are different horizontal positions reflected by the cylindrical lens to generate different viewpoints. So, the number of viewpoints can be increased by increasing the number of horizontal scan lines. This slide shows advantages of proposed system. A frameless screen can be realized. The image distortion of the MEMS Projectors does not affect the positions of the 3D pixels. The alignment of the MEMS Projectors affects the projects of the 3D pixels. The image distortion of the MEMS Projectors is less complicated and can be easily corrected electronically. Now, I explained the experimental system we constructed in this study. The MEMS Projector we used was a SHOWX Plus laser-pico projector, which are provided by Microvision Incorporated for commercial products. We used four projectors. The size was 26 mm high, 77 mm wide, 145 mm long. The resolution was 848 x 480. The frame rate was 60 Hz. The web length of RG and V were shown in this table. However, this MEMS Projector was a commercial product, so the laser modulation scheme was fixed. Therefore, a slanted slit array was placed on the scanning plane to obtain the slanted dot alignment. This photograph shows the slanted slit array. It was fabricated by forming an margin mask on a glass plate. This slide explains the screen configuration. The number of dots generated by MEMS Projectors was 640 x 480. However, as shown in this slide, because the scan angle of the projector was limited, so four images were partially superimposed. Therefore, the left and right areas with a width of 59 mm were covered with only three projectors. This photograph shows the lenticular lens. Lens pitch was 7.55 mm, focal length was 11.4 mm, and the number of lenses was 40. Two identical lenticular lenses were combined to obtain double-lensical surfaces. Now, I'll explain the design of the experimental system. Horizontal resolution of the system is given by the number of lenses times the number of projectors, so it was 160. Four scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel in this system. So, vertical resolution of the system is given by the number of vertical dots generated by MEMS Projectors divided by the number of scan lines, so it was 120. And the number of views of the system is given by the number of horizontal dots generated by MEMS Projectors divided by the number of lenses times the number of scan lines, so it was 64. This is the experimental system we constructed. The screen display consists of 23-liter lay, a vertical diffuser, and two lenticular lenses. They were fixed in the aluminum frame. We did not construct a frame screen because the aim of this study is to verify the proposed technique. The specifications are shown in this table. Screen size was 302 by 206 square millimeter. That was 14.4 inches. The resolution was 160 by 120. The number of views was 64. The viewing angle was 36.6 degrees, and the system depth was 460 millimeter. We will demonstrate our system at simple zoom demonstration session tomorrow night. If you are looking for a better result, if you are interested in this system, please join us. Next, I showed an experimental result. In order to the number of 3D pixels can be increased, we captured the 3D pixels by increasing the number of projectors. I played the movie. One projector, two projectors, three projectors, and four projectors. Enlarged view. One projector, two projectors, three projectors, and four projectors. As you can see, the number of projectors increased. That of 3D pixels is increased. Next, I chose this movie. This movie shows a generated 3D image. As you can see, the 3D image has smooth motion power acts. From experimental result, the increase in the number of 3D pixels by use of multiple projectors was confirmed. And the 3D images has smooth motion power acts. Next, I showed the discussion. First, I talked about the speckle issue. The generation of speckle was less obvious because the light laser is diffused only in the vertical direction and is not diffused in horizontal direction. Moreover, there is no interference between lights from different memes projectors. Second, I talked about the right intensity. The generated 3D images were not as dark as we thought because the light is diffused only in the vertical direction and multiple projectors were used. Third, I talked about vertical black lines. The vertical black lines appeared in the 3D image. Two reasons can be considered. First, the left and right areas of display screen were covered with only 3D projectors. So, there were only 3D pixels in each cylindrical lens. Second, I showed in this figure the lens pitch of front-lengthed surfaces should be slightly larger than that of the rear-lengthed surface. However, we used identical-lengthed lenses on both surfaces. Now I conclude my talk. In this study, the multiple display module using a memes projector LA was proposed to realize large-screen 3D display. The experimental display system was constructed using 4 memes projectors. The module had a 3D resolution of 160 by 120 and it provided 64 views and the screen size was 40.4 inches. The generation of the 3D pixels was confirmed and the 3D images had smooth motion products. Thank you very much for attention. Thank you, Kenji, for that interesting talk. Can I ask you to put up the slide 5 or 6 that showed the system? Are there any questions for the author? Yes, it will be in the demonstration session, which I think is tomorrow night. Maybe next slide? The ray trace. Can you show the ray trace? No, back. Keep going. That. Yes. Are there any questions for the author? Yes, Mary Lou. Hi. Thanks. This is great talk. It's fantastic. Can you talk about making the lenticulars that have... They're not uniform back to front. Did you make them yourself or can you talk about where you got them? Or is it secret? Are the lenticular arrays custom or did you buy them? A commercial product. Who made them? No, you bought them. This is the point. That's the lenticular arrays from a catalog? Edmund. Edmund. Edmund optics, okay. Edmund optics, ladies and gentlemen. Interesting. Yes, everyone call Edmund right away. Any other questions? There's a follow up. There are different spatial frequencies, maybe a little bit late. The second to last slide. What are the different spatial frequencies of what? On the pitch of the lenticulars, I thought. Some more. Another. Yeah, there, I thought the slightly larger pitch. Yeah, what does that mean? On the front surface, compared to rear surface, slightly smaller. So that was still off the shelf lenticular in the one depicted at the bottom of that slide. Why? Yes, Takaki-san, do you hear the question? Can you talk about, so there are two lens arrays? Okay. Okay, so I guess it's hypothetical. So it sounds like they would like to use two different lens arrays, one of which has a different radius or pitch, but today pitch, but today they're the same. Correct. This is like a crowdsourced talk, this is great. Okay, I think we have time for one more question. All right, we're good. So we look forward to seeing your demonstration tomorrow night, thank you very much. Thank you.
 Thank you, Mr. Chairman. My name is Ken Chirabash from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology.  The title of my talk is Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors for an Auto-Rise  Screen Autosystemic Display. Auto-Rise Screen Autosystemic Displays allow many viewers to  observe 3D images simultaneously and also provide more realistic impressions. This photograph  shows the titling 3D displays having large screens, but it is glassy-type. In this study,  we propose a Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors to achieve large-screen auto-risescopic  display. The types of multi-projection systems have been developed. Superportion types proposed  by Holographica and NICT consist of MEMS Projector LA and screen lens. This system has a simple  structure. However, this system requires large system depths. A titling type proposed by Italy  consists of Projector LA and light-controlling screens such as the lens ticker lens or park  barrier. This system requires a small system depth. However, precise alignment and color  matching among all projectors is required. In this study, as shown in this figure, we  propose a Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors which has a frame-length screen  so that the number of modules are tied to provide a large screen. This slide shows a  proposed Multi-View Display Module. The proposed module consists of MEMS Projector LA, a vertical  diffuser, and a lens ticker lens. All MEMS Projectors have different horizontal positions  and all projected images are superimposed on vertical diffuser. This module should produce  a large number of viewpoints to allow many viewers in large viewing areas simultaneously.  In our module, we use MEMS Projector because it has the following features. No projection  lens, low energy consumption, and generation of dots can be flexibly altered. This slide  shows a relative technique. It is a proposed combination of 2D lens LA and 2D projector  LA. This system provides a full-parax but low-resolution. A full-flameless screen feature  is not considered. In contrast, this study proposed a combination of 1D lens LA and MEMS  Projector LA with modified 2D arrangement. This system provides a horizontal parax and  high-resolution. Now, I'll explain the operating principle of proposed technique. This figure  shows a horizontal sectional view. The lens ticker lens having double-range surfaces is  located on the front of the vertical diffuser. This figure shows the classes of rays emitted  from the three projectors located at different horizontal positions. Rays from projectors  are converged by the cylindrical lenses on rear-range surface to generate light spot  on front-range surface and then deflected by the rectangular lens on front-range surface.  By placing the focal plane of front-range lenses on rear-range surface, all right spot  emit rays in the same manner and work as 3D pixel. Therefore, the number of 3D pixels  in each cylindrical lens is equal to that of the projectors. Next, I'll show you the  vertical sectional view. Because rays are diffused vertically by vertical diffuser,  the difference between the vertical positions of the projectors is practically eliminated.  So, this area becomes common viewing area. Therefore, as showing these figures, even  those projectors have different vertical positions, the 3D pixels are aligned in horizontal  direction. As showing this equation, horizontal resolution is equal to the number of lenses  times the number of projectors. So, the horizontal resolution can be increased by increasing the  number of projectors. This slide explains the dot generation scheme of MEMS Projector.  As shown in this figure, by properly modulating the laser, the horizontal position of dot  can be changed among the horizontal scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel. Rays from  dot are different horizontal positions reflected by the cylindrical lens to generate different  viewpoints. So, the number of viewpoints can be increased by increasing the number of horizontal  scan lines. This slide shows advantages of proposed system. A frameless screen can be  realized. The image distortion of the MEMS Projectors does not affect the positions of  the 3D pixels. The alignment of the MEMS Projectors affects the projects of the 3D pixels. The  image distortion of the MEMS Projectors is less complicated and can be easily corrected  electronically. Now, I explained the experimental system we constructed in this study. The MEMS  Projector we used was a SHOWX Plus laser-pico projector, which are provided by Microvision  Incorporated for commercial products. We used four projectors. The size was 26 mm high,  77 mm wide, 145 mm long. The resolution was 848 x 480. The frame rate was 60 Hz. The  web length of RG and V were shown in this table. However, this MEMS Projector was a  commercial product, so the laser modulation scheme was fixed. Therefore, a slanted slit  array was placed on the scanning plane to obtain the slanted dot alignment. This photograph  shows the slanted slit array. It was fabricated by forming an margin mask on a glass plate.  This slide explains the screen configuration. The number of dots generated by MEMS Projectors  was 640 x 480. However, as shown in this slide, because the scan angle of the projector  was limited, so four images were partially superimposed. Therefore, the left and right  areas with a width of 59 mm were covered with only three projectors. This photograph shows  the lenticular lens. Lens pitch was 7.55 mm, focal length was 11.4 mm, and the number  of lenses was 40. Two identical lenticular lenses were combined to obtain double-lensical  surfaces. Now, I'll explain the design of the experimental system. Horizontal resolution  of the system is given by the number of lenses times the number of projectors, so it was  160. Four scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel in this system. So, vertical resolution  of the system is given by the number of vertical dots generated by MEMS Projectors divided  by the number of scan lines, so it was 120. And the number of views of the system is given  by the number of horizontal dots generated by MEMS Projectors divided by the number  of lenses times the number of scan lines, so it was 64. This is the experimental system  we constructed. The screen display consists of 23-liter  lay, a vertical diffuser, and two lenticular lenses. They were fixed in the aluminum frame.  We did not construct a frame screen because the aim of this study is to verify the proposed  technique. The specifications are shown in this table. Screen size was 302 by 206 square  millimeter. That was 14.4 inches. The resolution was 160 by 120. The number of views was 64.  The viewing angle was 36.6 degrees, and the system depth was 460 millimeter. We will demonstrate  our system at simple zoom demonstration session tomorrow night. If you are looking for a  better result, if you are interested in this system, please join us. Next, I showed an  experimental result. In order to the number of 3D pixels can be increased, we captured  the 3D pixels by increasing the number of projectors. I played the movie. One projector,  two projectors, three projectors, and four projectors. Enlarged view. One projector,  two projectors, three projectors, and four projectors. As you can see, the number of  projectors increased. That of 3D pixels is increased. Next, I chose this movie. This  movie shows a generated 3D image. As you can see, the 3D image has smooth motion power  acts. From experimental result, the increase in the number of 3D pixels by use of multiple  projectors was confirmed. And the 3D images has smooth motion power acts. Next, I showed  the discussion. First, I talked about the speckle issue. The generation of speckle was less  obvious because the light laser is diffused only in the vertical direction and is not  diffused in horizontal direction. Moreover, there is no interference between lights from  different memes projectors. Second, I talked about the right intensity. The generated 3D  images were not as dark as we thought because the light is diffused only in the vertical  direction and multiple projectors were used. Third, I talked about vertical black lines.  The vertical black lines appeared in the 3D image. Two reasons can be considered. First,  the left and right areas of display screen were covered with only 3D projectors. So,  there were only 3D pixels in each cylindrical lens. Second, I showed in this figure the  lens pitch of front-lengthed surfaces should be slightly larger than that of the rear-lengthed  surface. However, we used identical-lengthed lenses on both surfaces.  Now I conclude my talk. In this study, the multiple display module using a memes projector  LA was proposed to realize large-screen 3D display. The experimental display system was  constructed using 4 memes projectors. The module had a 3D resolution of 160 by 120 and  it provided 64 views and the screen size was 40.4 inches. The generation of the 3D pixels  was confirmed and the 3D images had smooth motion products. Thank you very much for  attention.  Thank you, Kenji, for that interesting talk. Can I ask you to put up the slide 5 or 6 that  showed the system? Are there any questions for the author?  Yes, it will be in the demonstration session, which I think is tomorrow night. Maybe next  slide? The ray trace. Can you show the ray trace?  No, back. Keep going. That. Yes.  Are there any questions for the author? Yes, Mary Lou.  Hi. Thanks. This is great talk. It's fantastic. Can you talk about making the lenticulars  that have... They're not uniform back to front. Did you make them yourself or can you talk  about where you got them? Or is it secret? Are the lenticular arrays custom or did you  buy them? A commercial product. Who made them? No, you bought them. This is the point. That's  the lenticular arrays from a catalog?  Edmund.  Edmund.  Edmund optics, okay.  Edmund optics, ladies and gentlemen.  Interesting.  Yes, everyone call Edmund right away.  Any other questions?  There's a follow up.  There are different spatial frequencies,  maybe a little bit late.  The second to last slide.  What are the different spatial frequencies of what?  On the pitch of the lenticulars, I thought.  Some more.  Another.  Yeah, there, I thought the slightly larger pitch.  Yeah, what does that mean?  On the front surface, compared to rear surface,  slightly smaller.  So that was still off the shelf lenticular  in the one depicted at the bottom of that slide.  Why?  Yes, Takaki-san, do you hear the question?  Can you talk about,  so there are two lens arrays?  Okay.  Okay, so I guess it's hypothetical.  So it sounds like they would like to use  two different lens arrays,  one of which has a different radius or pitch,  but today pitch, but today they're the same.  Correct.  This is like a crowdsourced talk, this is great.  Okay, I think we have time for one more question.  All right, we're good.  So we look forward to seeing your demonstration  tomorrow night, thank you very much.  Thank you.
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Thank you, Mr. Chairman. My name is Ken Chirabash from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. The title of my talk is Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors for an Auto-Rise Screen Autosystemic Display. Auto-Rise Screen Autosystemic Displays allow many viewers to observe 3D images simultaneously and also provide more realistic impressions. This photograph shows the titling 3D displays having large screens, but it is glassy-type. In this study, we propose a Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors to achieve large-screen auto-risescopic display. The types of multi-projection systems have been developed. Superportion types proposed by Holographica and NICT consist of MEMS Projector LA and screen lens. This system has a simple structure. However, this system requires large system depths. A titling type proposed by Italy consists of Projector LA and light-controlling screens such as the lens ticker lens or park barrier. This system requires a small system depth. However, precise alignment and color matching among all projectors is required. In this study, as shown in this figure, we propose a Multi-View Display Module using MEMS Projectors which has a frame-length screen so that the number of modules are tied to provide a large screen. This slide shows a proposed Multi-View Display Module. The proposed module consists of MEMS Projector LA, a vertical diffuser, and a lens ticker lens. All MEMS Projectors have different horizontal positions and all projected images are superimposed on vertical diffuser. This module should produce a large number of viewpoints to allow many viewers in large viewing areas simultaneously. In our module, we use MEMS Projector because it has the following features. No projection lens, low energy consumption, and generation of dots can be flexibly altered. This slide shows a relative technique. It is a proposed combination of 2D lens LA and 2D projector LA. This system provides a full-parax but low-resolution. A full-flameless screen feature is not considered. In contrast, this study proposed a combination of 1D lens LA and MEMS Projector LA with modified 2D arrangement. This system provides a horizontal parax and high-resolution. Now, I'll explain the operating principle of proposed technique. This figure shows a horizontal sectional view. The lens ticker lens having double-range surfaces is located on the front of the vertical diffuser. This figure shows the classes of rays emitted from the three projectors located at different horizontal positions. Rays from projectors are converged by the cylindrical lenses on rear-range surface to generate light spot on front-range surface and then deflected by the rectangular lens on front-range surface. By placing the focal plane of front-range lenses on rear-range surface, all right spot emit rays in the same manner and work as 3D pixel. Therefore, the number of 3D pixels in each cylindrical lens is equal to that of the projectors. Next, I'll show you the vertical sectional view. Because rays are diffused vertically by vertical diffuser, the difference between the vertical positions of the projectors is practically eliminated. So, this area becomes common viewing area. Therefore, as showing these figures, even those projectors have different vertical positions, the 3D pixels are aligned in horizontal direction. As showing this equation, horizontal resolution is equal to the number of lenses times the number of projectors. So, the horizontal resolution can be increased by increasing the number of projectors. This slide explains the dot generation scheme of MEMS Projector. As shown in this figure, by properly modulating the laser, the horizontal position of dot can be changed among the horizontal scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel. Rays from dot are different horizontal positions reflected by the cylindrical lens to generate different viewpoints. So, the number of viewpoints can be increased by increasing the number of horizontal scan lines. This slide shows advantages of proposed system. A frameless screen can be realized. The image distortion of the MEMS Projectors does not affect the positions of the 3D pixels. The alignment of the MEMS Projectors affects the projects of the 3D pixels. The image distortion of the MEMS Projectors is less complicated and can be easily corrected electronically. Now, I explained the experimental system we constructed in this study. The MEMS Projector we used was a SHOWX Plus laser-pico projector, which are provided by Microvision Incorporated for commercial products. We used four projectors. The size was 26 mm high, 77 mm wide, 145 mm long. The resolution was 848 x 480. The frame rate was 60 Hz. The web length of RG and V were shown in this table. However, this MEMS Projector was a commercial product, so the laser modulation scheme was fixed. Therefore, a slanted slit array was placed on the scanning plane to obtain the slanted dot alignment. This photograph shows the slanted slit array. It was fabricated by forming an margin mask on a glass plate. This slide explains the screen configuration. The number of dots generated by MEMS Projectors was 640 x 480. However, as shown in this slide, because the scan angle of the projector was limited, so four images were partially superimposed. Therefore, the left and right areas with a width of 59 mm were covered with only three projectors. This photograph shows the lenticular lens. Lens pitch was 7.55 mm, focal length was 11.4 mm, and the number of lenses was 40. Two identical lenticular lenses were combined to obtain double-lensical surfaces. Now, I'll explain the design of the experimental system. Horizontal resolution of the system is given by the number of lenses times the number of projectors, so it was 160. Four scan lines corresponding to one 3D pixel in this system. So, vertical resolution of the system is given by the number of vertical dots generated by MEMS Projectors divided by the number of scan lines, so it was 120. And the number of views of the system is given by the number of horizontal dots generated by MEMS Projectors divided by the number of lenses times the number of scan lines, so it was 64. This is the experimental system we constructed. The screen display consists of 23-liter lay, a vertical diffuser, and two lenticular lenses. They were fixed in the aluminum frame. We did not construct a frame screen because the aim of this study is to verify the proposed technique. The specifications are shown in this table. Screen size was 302 by 206 square millimeter. That was 14.4 inches. The resolution was 160 by 120. The number of views was 64. The viewing angle was 36.6 degrees, and the system depth was 460 millimeter. We will demonstrate our system at simple zoom demonstration session tomorrow night. If you are looking for a better result, if you are interested in this system, please join us. Next, I showed an experimental result. In order to the number of 3D pixels can be increased, we captured the 3D pixels by increasing the number of projectors. I played the movie. One projector, two projectors, three projectors, and four projectors. Enlarged view. One projector, two projectors, three projectors, and four projectors. As you can see, the number of projectors increased. That of 3D pixels is increased. Next, I chose this movie. This movie shows a generated 3D image. As you can see, the 3D image has smooth motion power acts. From experimental result, the increase in the number of 3D pixels by use of multiple projectors was confirmed. And the 3D images has smooth motion power acts. Next, I showed the discussion. First, I talked about the speckle issue. The generation of speckle was less obvious because the light laser is diffused only in the vertical direction and is not diffused in horizontal direction. Moreover, there is no interference between lights from different memes projectors. Second, I talked about the right intensity. The generated 3D images were not as dark as we thought because the light is diffused only in the vertical direction and multiple projectors were used. Third, I talked about vertical black lines. The vertical black lines appeared in the 3D image. Two reasons can be considered. First, the left and right areas of display screen were covered with only 3D projectors. So, there were only 3D pixels in each cylindrical lens. Second, I showed in this figure the lens pitch of front-lengthed surfaces should be slightly larger than that of the rear-lengthed surface. However, we used identical-lengthed lenses on both surfaces. Now I conclude my talk. In this study, the multiple display module using a memes projector LA was proposed to realize large-screen 3D display. The experimental display system was constructed using 4 memes projectors. The module had a 3D resolution of 160 by 120 and it provided 64 views and the screen size was 40.4 inches. The generation of the 3D pixels was confirmed and the 3D images had smooth motion products. Thank you very much for attention. Thank you, Kenji, for that interesting talk. Can I ask you to put up the slide 5 or 6 that showed the system? Are there any questions for the author? Yes, it will be in the demonstration session, which I think is tomorrow night. Maybe next slide? The ray trace. Can you show the ray trace? No, back. Keep going. That. Yes. Are there any questions for the author? Yes, Mary Lou. Hi. Thanks. This is great talk. It's fantastic. Can you talk about making the lenticulars that have... They're not uniform back to front. Did you make them yourself or can you talk about where you got them? Or is it secret? Are the lenticular arrays custom or did you buy them? A commercial product. Who made them? No, you bought them. This is the point. That's the lenticular arrays from a catalog? Edmund. Edmund. Edmund optics, okay. Edmund optics, ladies and gentlemen. Interesting. Yes, everyone call Edmund right away. Any other questions? There's a follow up. There are different spatial frequencies, maybe a little bit late. The second to last slide. What are the different spatial frequencies of what? On the pitch of the lenticulars, I thought. Some more. Another. Yeah, there, I thought the slightly larger pitch. Yeah, what does that mean? On the front surface, compared to rear surface, slightly smaller. So that was still off the shelf lenticular in the one depicted at the bottom of that slide. Why? Yes, Takaki-san, do you hear the question? Can you talk about, so there are two lens arrays? Okay. Okay, so I guess it's hypothetical. So it sounds like they would like to use two different lens arrays, one of which has a different radius or pitch, but today pitch, but today they're the same. Correct. This is like a crowdsourced talk, this is great. Okay, I think we have time for one more question. All right, we're good. So we look forward to seeing your demonstration tomorrow night, thank you very much. Thank you.
frame-length screen so that the number of modules are tied to provide a large screen. This slide proposed module consists of MEMS Projector LA, a vertical diffuser, and a lens ticker lens. All positions and all projected images are superimposed on vertical diffuser. This module generation of dots can be flexibly altered. This located on the front of the vertical diffuser. from the three projectors located at different number of 3D pixels in each cylindrical lens is equation, horizontal resolution is equal to the So, the horizontal resolution can be increased by lines corresponding to one 3D pixel. Rays from dot are different horizontal positions reflected proposed system. A frameless screen can be realized. The image distortion of the MEMS plane to obtain the slanted dot alignment. This partially superimposed. Therefore, the left and Projectors divided by the number of scan lines, the 3D pixels by increasing the number of projectors, three projectors, and four In this study, the multiple display module using a memes projector LA was proposed to realize system was constructed using 4 memes projectors.