Acrylamide based photopolymer for multicolour holographic recording
Meka, Chakrapani
Preliminary results of full colour reflection holograms recorded in an acrylamide based photopolymer layer at 633nm, 532nm, and 473nm are presented. Recording material is sensitised to three recording primary wavelengths. Reflection holograms are recorded using a combined single beam of RGB wavelengths, are spectrally characterised and compared with the recording wavelengths using chromaticity diagram. An object of additive colour diagram was recorded. The shrinkage effect of this recording material on reconstructed wavelengths is also discussed.
 Thank you. My name is Chakrabani Meika. This is my first time attending the ISDH conference. I'm giving the talk, Acromite-based photopolymer for multi-color holographic recording. The aim of the project is to develop a acromite-based photopolymer for full-color display applications. So here I'm presenting some of our preliminary results by optimizing, by sensitizing the acromite-based photopolymer at three wavelengths, primary recording wavelengths, and measured reflection holographic recordings, exposure characteristics, and their spectral reconstructions of the multi-color reflection holograms. Outline of my talk is a brief introduction on the acromite-based photopolymer and the photopolymerization mechanism. And then I move to experimental results that are done by recording the reflection ratings individually at three primary recording wavelengths that I have chosen, and the spectral reconstructions of the hologram that I recorded by combined beam and my summary on future work. To make a full-color reflection hologram, the most important parameters are the experimental setup and the recording wavelengths and the recording materials. So Lipman single beam denisive geometry is the most promising setup that we use for the experimental setup. Here I mixed the three beams by using two dichroic mirrors and then a spatially filtered and illuminated on the recording materials. The chosen recording wavelengths are helium neon 633 nanometers and diode-pompered solid-state laser 532 nanometers and the 473 nanometers. And coming to the recording materials, of course everybody has told that silver-hired photoemulsions and dew-pointed photopolymers and dichromatic gelatin are the most successive recording materials for panachromatic purpose. So here in the process to develop a panachromatic version in acromite-based photopolymer. So basically the photopolymer contains five elements, monomer and a co-monomer and a binder and an electron donor and the dyes. So polyvinyl alcohol which can bind the remaining elements and makes the layer into dry. So finally the layer is a dry photopolymer layer and acromite and ananbiter, mesochromite will be as a monomer and co-monomer for polymer chains. And tritonolamine is used for the electron donor to generate the free radicals. And here for sensitizing the material at three wavelengths, mitharin blue is used for the red region and erythrosine B is used for the green and ecaflavin is used for the blue regions. The composition that I have shown in the table, all the components are mixed in a water solution and they are made on a glass layers and leave it for six or seven hours to get dry. The absorption spectrum of this panachromatic photopolymer system was shown and the having good absorption at these recording wavelengths, red, green and blue regions. Before going to my experiments, I'd like to give you a small explanation on the photopolymerization and the recording mechanism. The photopolymerization mechanism that you can simply move by three steps, that is initiation and the propagation and termination. The initiation process that is starts by absorption of the laser radiation by a suitable dye molecules. Here I have three dyes, so they absorb the recording wavelengths and exerted into a singular state. Some of the molecules will come to the triplet state and react to the electron donor to form radicals. So these radicals will use its unpaid electron and the pi electron from the carbon-carbon double bond of the monomers to become a one of, to leave one of the carbon with the unpaid electrons. The monomer becomes a radical. So this monomer again, I add with another monomer. So this is how polymer chain grows, that is what the propagation steps. And termination is the one by combination of the two radicals of the polymer chains, combines, makes a long chain. So that is how the termination or the long polymer chain forms. And the polymorph of these acrylamide was given in these papers that I referred here. And when the propagation, in the propagation process between the dark and bright regions, the monomers diffuses from the dark to bright regions, so where the density will change between the dark and bright regions, which results in refractive index change that is the, that gives the diffraction efficiency growth in the material. So for the initial experiments, I started my experiment by recording reflection ratings, which the experimental setup that I used was shown here. I mixed the three beams, the same as the Lipman-Deniseux setup, and I recorded these spatial frequencies at three different frequencies. Here I eliminated the recording, the light that I eliminated on the material with a 40 degrees instant angle, which gives a spatial frequency of red and green and blue wavelengths was mentioned here. The refractive index of the photopolymer was 1.5, that is a refractive index. And the exposure, the diffraction efficiency of the material that are done at a different exposure times with the chosen recording time, recording intensities are given here, and that is the diffraction growth of the material at individual gradings. And these gradings are recorded individually. This is not a combined holograms of the RGB. So I achieved the efficiency of 11% in red, whereas in green and 5%, it's around 5% and the 2% efficiency. So then I moved to one of the disadvantages in making a display application or the multicolor applications, that is the dimensional changes in the holographic gradings where you get the shift in the shrinkage, either shrinkage or the swelling process. So for that purpose, I recorded RGB combined holograms and then characterized the grating by using a spectrum analyzer. I used the AFSpec halogen lamp for illuminating the hologram. And the reconstructed beam was collected to the fiber and analyzed using AFSpec spectrum analyzer. And the reconstruction wavelength and the spectrum was shown here. I had approximately 1.1% of the shrinkage and swelling in the material that I observed. And we are in the process to study systematically what's going on the material at each wavelength individually. And I just compared the reconstruction wavelengths with the recording wavelengths by using a CAE chromatic diagrams. And the first diagram that I am showing, the color diagram where I show the, that is a simple geometry where most of the people knows that when you join the three colors, we form a triangle which gives the colors that I can achieve by combining these wavelengths. And the next one I showed the recording area, recording wavelengths, the triangle and the reconstruction wavelengths. So this is the white light reconstruction of the hologram that I recorded on a biological sample. And that is the thickness of the layer was 60 microns. I recorded a 10 euro cent coin and recorded three color holograms separately at different places. This is the white light reconstruction of the holograms that I recorded. And the summary, at this stage we are able to sensitize the material at three wavelengths and study the exposure characteristics of the materials with the initial stage and spectral calculations and could able to record the holograms. So in future we are planning to develop the material, getting a high diffraction efficiency by improving the concentration of the materials and also to decrease the shrinkage or swelling effects by doping the nanoparticles or controlling the humidity of the materials. Finally I would like to acknowledge my supervisors and the professor Benzler from the Clause B. Thank you. Any questions? I have just one question. The type of polyvinyl alcohol you are using is a very low molecular weight, not very hydrolyzed or 85% or what is it? Pardon? That is not disclosed. That is the one I should not disclose the... Oh you are not disclosing it. Ah, right, secret. Thank you.
 Thank you. My name is Chakrabani Meika. This is my first time attending the ISDH conference.  I'm giving the talk, Acromite-based photopolymer for multi-color holographic recording.  The aim of the project is to develop a acromite-based photopolymer for full-color display applications.  So here I'm presenting some of our preliminary results by optimizing, by sensitizing the acromite-based photopolymer  at three wavelengths, primary recording wavelengths, and measured reflection holographic recordings, exposure characteristics,  and their spectral reconstructions of the multi-color reflection holograms.  Outline of my talk is a brief introduction on the acromite-based photopolymer and the photopolymerization mechanism.  And then I move to experimental results that are done by recording the reflection ratings individually  at three primary recording wavelengths that I have chosen, and the spectral reconstructions of the hologram  that I recorded by combined beam and my summary on future work.  To make a full-color reflection hologram, the most important parameters are the experimental setup  and the recording wavelengths and the recording materials.  So Lipman single beam denisive geometry is the most promising setup that we use for the experimental setup.  Here I mixed the three beams by using two dichroic mirrors and then a spatially filtered and illuminated on the recording materials.  The chosen recording wavelengths are helium neon 633 nanometers and diode-pompered solid-state laser 532 nanometers  and the 473 nanometers.  And coming to the recording materials, of course everybody has told that silver-hired photoemulsions  and dew-pointed photopolymers and dichromatic gelatin are the most successive recording materials for panachromatic purpose.  So here in the process to develop a panachromatic version in acromite-based photopolymer.  So basically the photopolymer contains five elements, monomer and a co-monomer and a binder and an electron donor and the dyes.  So polyvinyl alcohol which can bind the remaining elements and makes the layer into dry.  So finally the layer is a dry photopolymer layer and acromite and ananbiter,  mesochromite will be as a monomer and co-monomer for polymer chains.  And tritonolamine is used for the electron donor to generate the free radicals.  And here for sensitizing the material at three wavelengths, mitharin blue is used for the red region  and erythrosine B is used for the green and ecaflavin is used for the blue regions.  The composition that I have shown in the table, all the components are mixed in a water solution  and they are made on a glass layers and leave it for six or seven hours to get dry.  The absorption spectrum of this panachromatic photopolymer system was shown  and the having good absorption at these recording wavelengths, red, green and blue regions.  Before going to my experiments, I'd like to give you a small explanation on the photopolymerization  and the recording mechanism.  The photopolymerization mechanism that you can simply move by three steps,  that is initiation and the propagation and termination.  The initiation process that is starts by absorption of the laser radiation by a suitable dye molecules.  Here I have three dyes, so they absorb the recording wavelengths and exerted into a singular state.  Some of the molecules will come to the triplet state and react to the electron donor to form radicals.  So these radicals will use its unpaid electron and the pi electron from the carbon-carbon double bond  of the monomers to become a one of, to leave one of the carbon with the unpaid electrons.  The monomer becomes a radical.  So this monomer again, I add with another monomer.  So this is how polymer chain grows, that is what the propagation steps.  And termination is the one by combination of the two radicals of the polymer chains,  combines, makes a long chain.  So that is how the termination or the long polymer chain forms.  And the polymorph of these acrylamide was given in these papers that I referred here.  And when the propagation, in the propagation process between the dark and bright regions,  the monomers diffuses from the dark to bright regions,  so where the density will change between the dark and bright regions,  which results in refractive index change that is the, that gives the diffraction efficiency growth in the material.  So for the initial experiments, I started my experiment by recording reflection ratings,  which the experimental setup that I used was shown here.  I mixed the three beams, the same as the Lipman-Deniseux setup,  and I recorded these spatial frequencies at three different frequencies.  Here I eliminated the recording, the light that I eliminated on the material with a 40 degrees instant angle,  which gives a spatial frequency of red and green and blue wavelengths was mentioned here.  The refractive index of the photopolymer was 1.5, that is a refractive index.  And the exposure, the diffraction efficiency of the material that are done at a different exposure times  with the chosen recording time, recording intensities are given here,  and that is the diffraction growth of the material at individual gradings.  And these gradings are recorded individually.  This is not a combined holograms of the RGB.  So I achieved the efficiency of 11% in red, whereas in green and 5%,  it's around 5% and the 2% efficiency.  So then I moved to one of the disadvantages in making a display application  or the multicolor applications, that is the dimensional changes in the holographic gradings  where you get the shift in the shrinkage, either shrinkage or the swelling process.  So for that purpose, I recorded RGB combined holograms and then characterized the grating by using a spectrum analyzer.  I used the AFSpec halogen lamp for illuminating the hologram.  And the reconstructed beam was collected to the fiber and analyzed using AFSpec spectrum analyzer.  And the reconstruction wavelength and the spectrum was shown here.  I had approximately 1.1% of the shrinkage and swelling in the material that I observed.  And we are in the process to study systematically what's going on the material at each wavelength individually.  And I just compared the reconstruction wavelengths with the recording wavelengths by using a CAE chromatic diagrams.  And the first diagram that I am showing, the color diagram where I show the, that is a simple geometry  where most of the people knows that when you join the three colors, we form a triangle  which gives the colors that I can achieve by combining these wavelengths.  And the next one I showed the recording area, recording wavelengths,  the triangle and the reconstruction wavelengths.  So this is the white light reconstruction of the hologram that I recorded on a biological sample.  And that is the thickness of the layer was 60 microns.  I recorded a 10 euro cent coin and recorded three color holograms separately at different places.  This is the white light reconstruction of the holograms that I recorded.  And the summary, at this stage we are able to sensitize the material at three wavelengths  and study the exposure characteristics of the materials with the initial stage and spectral calculations  and could able to record the holograms.  So in future we are planning to develop the material, getting a high diffraction efficiency  by improving the concentration of the materials and also to decrease the shrinkage or swelling effects  by doping the nanoparticles or controlling the humidity of the materials.  Finally I would like to acknowledge my supervisors and the professor Benzler from the Clause B.  Thank you.  Any questions?  I have just one question.  The type of polyvinyl alcohol you are using is a very low molecular weight,  not very hydrolyzed or 85% or what is it?  Pardon?  That is not disclosed.  That is the one I should not disclose the...  Oh you are not disclosing it.  Ah, right, secret.  Thank you.
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Thank you. My name is Chakrabani Meika. This is my first time attending the ISDH conference. I'm giving the talk, Acromite-based photopolymer for multi-color holographic recording. The aim of the project is to develop a acromite-based photopolymer for full-color display applications. So here I'm presenting some of our preliminary results by optimizing, by sensitizing the acromite-based photopolymer at three wavelengths, primary recording wavelengths, and measured reflection holographic recordings, exposure characteristics, and their spectral reconstructions of the multi-color reflection holograms. Outline of my talk is a brief introduction on the acromite-based photopolymer and the photopolymerization mechanism. And then I move to experimental results that are done by recording the reflection ratings individually at three primary recording wavelengths that I have chosen, and the spectral reconstructions of the hologram that I recorded by combined beam and my summary on future work. To make a full-color reflection hologram, the most important parameters are the experimental setup and the recording wavelengths and the recording materials. So Lipman single beam denisive geometry is the most promising setup that we use for the experimental setup. Here I mixed the three beams by using two dichroic mirrors and then a spatially filtered and illuminated on the recording materials. The chosen recording wavelengths are helium neon 633 nanometers and diode-pompered solid-state laser 532 nanometers and the 473 nanometers. And coming to the recording materials, of course everybody has told that silver-hired photoemulsions and dew-pointed photopolymers and dichromatic gelatin are the most successive recording materials for panachromatic purpose. So here in the process to develop a panachromatic version in acromite-based photopolymer. So basically the photopolymer contains five elements, monomer and a co-monomer and a binder and an electron donor and the dyes. So polyvinyl alcohol which can bind the remaining elements and makes the layer into dry. So finally the layer is a dry photopolymer layer and acromite and ananbiter, mesochromite will be as a monomer and co-monomer for polymer chains. And tritonolamine is used for the electron donor to generate the free radicals. And here for sensitizing the material at three wavelengths, mitharin blue is used for the red region and erythrosine B is used for the green and ecaflavin is used for the blue regions. The composition that I have shown in the table, all the components are mixed in a water solution and they are made on a glass layers and leave it for six or seven hours to get dry. The absorption spectrum of this panachromatic photopolymer system was shown and the having good absorption at these recording wavelengths, red, green and blue regions. Before going to my experiments, I'd like to give you a small explanation on the photopolymerization and the recording mechanism. The photopolymerization mechanism that you can simply move by three steps, that is initiation and the propagation and termination. The initiation process that is starts by absorption of the laser radiation by a suitable dye molecules. Here I have three dyes, so they absorb the recording wavelengths and exerted into a singular state. Some of the molecules will come to the triplet state and react to the electron donor to form radicals. So these radicals will use its unpaid electron and the pi electron from the carbon-carbon double bond of the monomers to become a one of, to leave one of the carbon with the unpaid electrons. The monomer becomes a radical. So this monomer again, I add with another monomer. So this is how polymer chain grows, that is what the propagation steps. And termination is the one by combination of the two radicals of the polymer chains, combines, makes a long chain. So that is how the termination or the long polymer chain forms. And the polymorph of these acrylamide was given in these papers that I referred here. And when the propagation, in the propagation process between the dark and bright regions, the monomers diffuses from the dark to bright regions, so where the density will change between the dark and bright regions, which results in refractive index change that is the, that gives the diffraction efficiency growth in the material. So for the initial experiments, I started my experiment by recording reflection ratings, which the experimental setup that I used was shown here. I mixed the three beams, the same as the Lipman-Deniseux setup, and I recorded these spatial frequencies at three different frequencies. Here I eliminated the recording, the light that I eliminated on the material with a 40 degrees instant angle, which gives a spatial frequency of red and green and blue wavelengths was mentioned here. The refractive index of the photopolymer was 1.5, that is a refractive index. And the exposure, the diffraction efficiency of the material that are done at a different exposure times with the chosen recording time, recording intensities are given here, and that is the diffraction growth of the material at individual gradings. And these gradings are recorded individually. This is not a combined holograms of the RGB. So I achieved the efficiency of 11% in red, whereas in green and 5%, it's around 5% and the 2% efficiency. So then I moved to one of the disadvantages in making a display application or the multicolor applications, that is the dimensional changes in the holographic gradings where you get the shift in the shrinkage, either shrinkage or the swelling process. So for that purpose, I recorded RGB combined holograms and then characterized the grating by using a spectrum analyzer. I used the AFSpec halogen lamp for illuminating the hologram. And the reconstructed beam was collected to the fiber and analyzed using AFSpec spectrum analyzer. And the reconstruction wavelength and the spectrum was shown here. I had approximately 1.1% of the shrinkage and swelling in the material that I observed. And we are in the process to study systematically what's going on the material at each wavelength individually. And I just compared the reconstruction wavelengths with the recording wavelengths by using a CAE chromatic diagrams. And the first diagram that I am showing, the color diagram where I show the, that is a simple geometry where most of the people knows that when you join the three colors, we form a triangle which gives the colors that I can achieve by combining these wavelengths. And the next one I showed the recording area, recording wavelengths, the triangle and the reconstruction wavelengths. So this is the white light reconstruction of the hologram that I recorded on a biological sample. And that is the thickness of the layer was 60 microns. I recorded a 10 euro cent coin and recorded three color holograms separately at different places. This is the white light reconstruction of the holograms that I recorded. And the summary, at this stage we are able to sensitize the material at three wavelengths and study the exposure characteristics of the materials with the initial stage and spectral calculations and could able to record the holograms. So in future we are planning to develop the material, getting a high diffraction efficiency by improving the concentration of the materials and also to decrease the shrinkage or swelling effects by doping the nanoparticles or controlling the humidity of the materials. Finally I would like to acknowledge my supervisors and the professor Benzler from the Clause B. Thank you. Any questions? I have just one question. The type of polyvinyl alcohol you are using is a very low molecular weight, not very hydrolyzed or 85% or what is it? Pardon? That is not disclosed. That is the one I should not disclose the... Oh you are not disclosing it. Ah, right, secret. Thank you.
results by optimizing, by sensitizing the primary recording wavelengths, and measured materials. So Lipman single beam denisive recording materials. The chosen recording the layer is a dry photopolymer layer and sensitizing the material at three wavelengths, spectrum of this panachromatic photopolymer recorded individually. This is not a combined hologram. And the reconstructed beam was wavelengths with the recording wavelengths by holograms. So in future we are planning to materials and also to decrease the shrinkage or