The one-child policy (or family planning policy) was a policy introduced in the People's Republic of China in the year 1979. Mao had thought that a bigger population resulted in a stronger country, but of course they faced a lot more problems. China had gone above carrying capacity and there was not enough resources for everyone. After the Second World War, the Chinese population grew quickly. In 1979, the one-child policy was introduced. The policy was introduced to control population growth and declares that Chinese families should only have one child. There are a few exceptions to this rule.