The Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
## THE WILD LIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972
 (Last Updated 1-4-2023)

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## ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS

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CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

SECTIONS

1. Short title, extent and commencement.
2. Definitions.

CHAPTER II

AUTHORITIES TO BE APPOINTED OR CONSTITUTES UNDER THE ACT

3. Appointment of Director and other officers.
4. Appointment of Life Warden and other officers.
5. Power to delegate.
5A. Constitution of the National Board for Wild Life.
5B. Standing Committee of the National Board.
5C. Functions of the National Board.
6. Constitution of State Board for Wild Life.
6A. Standing Committee of Board.
7. Procedure to be followed by the Board.
8. Duties of State Board for Wild Life.

CHAPTER III

HUNTING OF WILD ANIMALS

9. Prohibition of hunting.
10. [Omitted.].
11. Hunting of wild animals to be permitted in certain cases.
12. Grant of permit for special purposes.
13. [Omitted.].
14. [Omitted.].
15. [Omitted.].
16. [Omitted.].
_17._ [Omitted.].

CHAPTER IIIA

PROTECTION OF SPECIFIED PLANTS

17A. Prohibition of picking, uprooting, etc. of specified plant.
17B. Grants of permit for special purposes.
17C. Cultivation of specified plants without licence prohibited.
17D. Dealing in specified plants without licence prohibited.
17E. Declaration of stock.
17F. Possession, etc., of plants by licensee.
17G. Purchase, etc., of specified plants.

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SECTIONS

17H. Plants to be Government property.

CHAPTER IV

PROTECTED AREAS

_Sanctuaries_

18. Declaration of sanctuary.
18A. Protection to sanctuaries.
18B. Appointment of Collectors.
19. Collector to determine rights.
20. Bar of accrual of rights.
21. Proclamation by Collector.
22. Inquiry by Collector.
23. Powers of Collector.
24. Acquisition of rights.
25. Acquisition proceedings.
25A. Time-limit for completion of acquisition proceedings.
26. Delegation of Collector’s powers.
26A. Declaration of area as sanctuary.
27. Restriction on entry in sanctuary.
28. Grant of permit.
29. Destruction, etc., in a sanctuary prohibited without a permit.
30. Causing fire prohibited.
31. Prohibition of entry into sanctuary with weapon.
32. Ban on use of injurious substances.
33. Control of sanctuaries.
33A. Immunisation of live-stock.
33B. Advisory Committee.
34. Registration of certain persons in possession of arms.

_Natioanl Parks_

35. Declaration of National Parks.
36. [Omitted.].
36A. Declaration and management of a conservation reserve.
36B. Conservation reserve management committee.
36C. Declaration and management of community reserve.
36D. Community reserve management committee.

_Closed Area_

37. [Omitted.].

_Sanctuaries or National Parks declared by Central Government_

38. Power of Central Government to declare areas as sanctuaries or National Parks or conservation

reserves.

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CHAPTER IVA

CENTRAL ZOO AUTHORITY AND RECOGNITION OF ZOOS


SECTIONS

38A. Constitution of Central Zoo Authority.
38B. Term of office and conditions of service of Chairperson and members, etc.
38C. Functions of the Authority.
38D. Procedure to be regulated by the Authority.
38E.Grants and loans to Authority and Constitution of Fund.
38F. Annual report.
38G. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament.
38H. Recognition of zoos.
38I. Acquisition of animals by a zoo.
38J. Prohibition of teasing, etc., in a zoo.

CHAPTER IV B

NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION AUTHORITY


38K. Definitions.
38L.Constitution of National Tiger Conservation Authority.
38M. Term of office and conditions of service of members.
38N. Officers and employees of Tiger Conservation Authority.
38-O. Powers and functions of Tiger Conservation Authority.
38P. Procedure to be regulated by Tiger Conservation Authority.
38Q. Grants and loans to Tiger Conservation Authority and Constitution of Fund.
38R. Accounts and audit of Tiger Conservation Authority.
38S. Annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority.
38T. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament.
38U. Constitution of Steering Committee.
38V. Tiger Conservation Plan.
38W. Alteration and de-notification of tiger reserves.
38X. Establishment of Tiger Conservation Foundation.
38XA. Provisions of Chapter to be in addition to provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Park


CHAPTER IV C


WILD LIFE CRIME CONTROL BUREAU

38Y. Constitution of Wild Life Crime Control Bureau.
38Z. Powers and functions of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.

CHAPTER V

TRADE OR COMMERCE IN WILD ANIMALS, ANIMAL ARTICLES AND TROPHIES

39. Wild animals, etc., to be Government property.
40. Declarations.
40A. Immunity in certain cases.
41. Inquiry and preparation of inventories.
42. Certificate of ownership.
42A. Surrender of captive animals, animal article, etc
43. Regulation of transfer of animal, etc.
44. Dealings in trophy and animal articles without licence prohibited.
45. Suspension or cancellation of licences.
46. Purchase.
47. Maintenance of records.
48. Purchase of animals, etc., by licensee.

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SECTIONS

48A. Restriction on transportation of wild life.
49. Purchase of captive animal, etc., by a person other than a licensee.

CHAPTER VA

PROHIBITION OF TRADE OR COMMERCE IN TROPHIES, ANIMAL ARTICLES,

ETC., DERIVED FROM CERTAIN ANIMALS

49A. Definitions.
49B. Prohibition of dealings in trophies, animal articles, etc., derived from scheduled

animals.

49C. Declaration by dealers.

CHAPTER VB

REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA

AND FLORA AS PER CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED

SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA

49D. Definitions.

49E. Designation of Management Authority.

49F. Designation of Scientific Authority.

49G. Directions of Central Government.

49H. International trade in Scheduled specimen and restriction in respect thereof.

49-I Conditions for scheduled specimens.

49J. Conditions for import of scheduled specimens.

49K. Conditions for re-export of scheduled specimens.

49L. Conditions for introfuction from sea of scheduled specimens.

49M. Possession transfer and breeding of living scheduled animal species.

49N. Application for Licence by breeders of Appendix I species.

49-O. Licence of breeders of Appendix I species.

49P. Prohibition on alteration, etc.

49Q. Species and scheduled specimens to be Government property.

49R. Application of provisions of Act in respect of species listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV.

CHAPTER VI

PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF OFFENCES

50. Power of entry, search, arrest and detention.
51. Penalties.
51A. Certain conditions to apply while granting bail.
52. Attempts and abetment.
53. Punishment for wrongful seizure.
54. Power to compound offences.
55. Cognizance of offences.
56. Operation of other laws not barred.

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SECTIONS

57. Presumption to be made in certain cases.
58. Offences by Companies.

CHAPTER VIA

FORFEITURE OF PROPERTY DERIVED FROM ILLEGAL HUNTING AND TRADE

58A. Application.
58B. Definitions.
58C. Prohibition of holding illegally acquired property.
58D. Competent authority.
58E. Identifying illegally acquired property.
58F. Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired property.
58G. Management of properties seized or forfeited under this Chapter.
58H. Notice of forfeiture of property.
58-I. Forfeiture of property in certain cases.
58J. Burden of proof.
58K. Fine in lieu of forfeiture.
58L. Procedure in relation to certain trust properties.
58M. Certain transfer to be null and void.
58N. Constitution of Applellate Tribunal.
58-O. Appeals.
58P. Notice or order not to be invalid for error in description.
58Q. Bar of Jurisdiction.
58R. Competent Authority and Appellate Tribunal to have powers of civil court.
58S. Information to competent authority.
58T. Certain officers to assist Administrator, competent authority and Appellate Tribunal.
58U.Power to take possession.
58V. Rectification of mistakes.
58W. Findings under other laws not conclusive for proceedings under this Chapter.
58X. Service of notices and orders.
58Y. Punishment for acquiring property in relating to which proceeings have been taken under this
Chapter.

CHAPTER VII

MISCELLANEOUS

59. Officers to be public servants.
60. Protection of action taken in good faith.
60A. Reward to persons.
60B. Reward by State Government.
61. Power to alter entries in Schedules.
62. Declaration of certain wild animals to be vermin.
62A. Regulation or prohibition of import, etc., of invasive alien species.
62B. Power to issue directions.
63. Power of Central Government to make rules.
64. Power of State Government to make rules.
65. Rights of Scheduled Tribes to be protected.
66. Repeal and savings.

SCHEDULE I
SCHEDULE II
SCHEDULE III
SCHEDULE IV

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## THE WILD LIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972

 ACT NO. 53 OF 1972

[9th September, 1972.]

1[An Act to provide for the 2[conservation, protection and management of wild life] and for matters

connected therewith or ancillary or incidental thereto with a view to ensuring the ecological and
environmental security of the country.]

3*  -  -  -  
CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

**1. Short title, extent and commencement.—(1) This Act may be called the Wild Life (Protection)**

Act, 1972.

4[(2) It extends to the whole of India 5***.]

(3) It shall come into force in a State or Union territory to which it extends [6]*** on such date as the

Central Government may, by notification, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different
provisions of this Act or for different States or Union territories.

**2. Definitions.—In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—**

7[(1) “animal” includes amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles and their young, and also

includes, in the cases of birds and reptiles, their eggs;]

(2) “animal article” means an article made from any captive animal or wild animal, other than

vermin, and includes an article or object in which the whole or any part of such animal [8][has been
used, and ivory imported into India and an article made therefrom];

9*     -     -     -     
10[(4) “Board” means a State Board for Wild Life constituted under sub-section (1) of section 6;]
(5) “captive animal” means any animal, specified in [11][Schedule I or Schedule II] which is

captured or kept or bred in captivity;

12*     -     -     -     
(7) “Chief Wild Life Warden’ means the person appointed as such under clause (a) of

sub-section (1) of section 4;

13[(7A) “circus” means an establishment, whether stationary or mobile, where animals are kept or

used wholly or mainly for the purpose of performing tricks or manoeuvres;]

14*     -     -     -     
15[(9) “Collector” means the chief officer in charge of the revenue administration of a district or

any other officer not below the rank of a Deputy Collector as may be appointed by the State
Government under section 18B in this behalf;]

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 2, for the long title (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 2, for “protection of wild animals, birds and plants” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. The preamble omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 3 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Subs. by s. 4, ibid., for sub-section (2) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. The words “except the State of Jammu and Kashmir” omitted by Act 34 of 2019, s. 95 and the Fifth Schedule
(w.e.f. 31-10-2019).
6. The words “, or may become extended in future,” omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 4, (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (1) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
8. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for “has been used” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
9. Clause (3) omitted by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
10. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (4) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
11. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for “Schedule I, Schedule II, Schedule III or Schedule IV” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

12. Clause (6) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
13. Ins. by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
14. Clause (8) omitted by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
15. Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (9) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

*** Subject to verification and confirmation by the administrative ministry.**

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(10) “commencement of this Act”, in relation to—

(a) a State, means commencement of this Act in that State,

(b) any provision of this Act, means the commencement of that provision In the concerned

State;

1[(11) “dealer” in relation to any captive animal, animal article, trophy, uncured trophy, meat or

specified plant, means a person, who carries on the business of buying or selling any such animal or
article, and includes a person who undertakes business in any single transaction;]

(12) “Director” means the person appointed as Director of Wild Life Preservation under

clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 3;

2[(12A) “Forest officer” means the Forest officer appointed under clause (2) of section 2 of the

Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927) or under any other Act for the time being in force in a State;

(12B) “forest produce” shall have the same meaning as in sub-clause (b) of clause (4) of section 2

of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927);]

3*     -     -     -     
(14) “Government property” means any property referred to in section 39 [4][or section 17H];

(15) “habitat” includes land, water or vegetation which is the natural home of any wild animal

5[or specified plant];

(16) “hunting”, with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, includes,—

6[(a) killing or poisoning of any wild animal or captive animal and every attempt to do so;

(b) capturing, coursing, snaring, trapping, driving or baiting any wild or captive animal and

every attempt to do so;]

(c) injuring or destroying or taking any part of the body of any such animal or, in the case of

wild birds or reptiles, damaging the eggs of such birds or reptiles, or disturbing the eggs or nests
of such birds or reptiles;

7[(16A) “invasive alien species” means a species of animal or plant which is not native to India

and whose introduction or spread may threaten or adversely impact wild life or its habitat;]

(17) “land” includes canals, creeks and other water channels, reservoirs, rivers, streams and lakes,

whether artificial or natural, [8][marshes and wetlands and also includes boulders and rocks];

(18) “licence” means a licence granted under this Act;

9[(18A) “livestock” means farm animals and includes buffaloes, bulls, bullocks, camels, cows,

donkeys, goats, sheep, horses, mules, yaks, pigs, ducks, geese, poultry and their young but does not
include any animal specified in [10][Schedules I, II and IV;]

11[(19) “manufacturer” means a person who manufactures articles from any animal or plant

specified in [12][Schedules I, II and III], as the case may be;

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (11) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (12A) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Clause (13) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Ins. by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
6. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for sub-clauses (a) and (b) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
7. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
8. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for “and also includes boulders and rocks” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
9. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (18A) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
10. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for “Schedules I to V” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
11. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s.3, for clauses (19) and (20) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
12. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for “Schedules I to V and VI” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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(20) “meat” includes blood, bones, sinew, eggs, shell or carapace, fat and flesh with or without

skin, whether raw or cooked, of any wild animal or captive animal, other than a vermin;

(20A) “National Board” means the National Board for Wild Life constituted under section 5A;]

(21) “National Park” means an area declared, whether under section 35 or section 38, or deemed,

under sub-section (3) of section 66, to be declared, as a National Park;

(22) “notification” means a notification published in the Official Gazette;

(23) “permit” means a permit granted under this Act or any rule made thereunder;

1[(24) “person” shall include any firm or company or any authority or association or body of

individuals whether incorporated or not;]

2[(24A) “protected area” means a National Park, a sanctuary, a conservation reserve or a

community reserve notified under sections 18, 35, 36A and 36C of the Act;]

(25) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules made under this Act;

3[(25A) “recognised zoo” means a zoo recognised under section 38H;

4[(25B) “reserve forest” means the forest declared to be reserved by the State Government under

section 20 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927), or declared as such under any other State Act;

(26) “sanctuary” means an area declared as a sanctuary by notification under the provisions of

Chapter IV of this Act and shall also include a deemed sanctuary under sub-section (4) of section 66;]

5[(26A) “Schedule” means a Schedule appended to this Act;]

6[(27) “specified plant” means any plant specified in 7[ Schedule III];]

8*     -     -     -     
(29) “State Government”, in relation to a Union territory, means the Administrator of that Union

territory appointed by the President under article 239 of the Constitution;

9[(30) “taxidermy”, with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, means the curing,

preparation or preservation or mounting of trophies;]

10[(30A) “territorial waters” shall have the same meaning as in section 3 of the Territorial Waters,

Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone and other Maritime Zones Act, 1976 (80 of 1976);]

(31) “trophy” means the whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal, other than
vermin, which has been kept or preserved by any means, whether artificial or natural, and
includes—

(a) rugs, skins and specimens of such animal mounted in whole or in part through a process

of taxidermy, and

11[(b) antler, bone, carapace, shell, horn, rhinoceros horn, hair, feather, nail, tooth, tusk, musk,

eggs, nests and honeycomb;]

1. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for clause (24) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clauses (25B) and (26) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
5. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
6. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for clause (27) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 for “Schedule VI” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
8. Clause (28) omitted by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
9. Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (30) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
10. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
11. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for sub-clause (b) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

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(32) “uncured trophy” means the whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal, other

than vermin, which has not undergone a process of taxidermy, and includes a [1][freshly killed wild
animal, ambergris, musk and other animal products];

(33) “vehicle” means any conveyance used for movement on land, water or air and includes

buffalo, bull, bullock, camel, donkey, elephant, horse and mule;

2[(34) “vermin” means any wild animal notified under section 62;]

(35) “weapon” includes ammunition, bows and arrows, explosives, firearms, hooks’ knives, nets

poison, snares and traps and any instrument or apparatus capable of anaesthetizing, decoying,
destroying, injuring or killing an animal;

3[(36) “wild animal” means any animal specified in 4[Schedule I or Schedule II] and found wild

in nature;]

5[(37) “wild life” includes any animal, aquatic or land vegetation which forms part of any

habitat;]

(38) “Wild Life Warden” means the person appointed as such under clause (b) of sub-section (1)

of section 4;

6[(39) “zoo” means an establishment, whether stationary or mobile, where captive animals are

kept for exhibiting to the public or ex-situ conservation and includes a circus and off-exhibit facilities
such as rescue centres and conservation breeding centres, but does not include an establishment of a
licensed dealer in captive animals.]

CHAPTER II

AUTHORITIES TO BE APPOINTED OR CONSTITUTED UNDER THE ACT

**3. Appointment of Director and other officers.—(1) The Central Government may, for the**

purposes of this Act, appoint,—

(a) A Director of Wild Life Preservation;

7*     -     -     -     
(c) such other officers and employees as may be necessary.

(2) In the performance of his duties and exercise of his powers by or under this Act, the Director shall

be subject to such general or special directions, as the Central Government may, from time to time, give.

8[(3) The officers and other employees appointed under this section shall be required to assist the

Director.]

**4. Appointment of Life Warden and other officers.—(1) The State Government May, for the**

purpose of this Act, appoint,—

(a) a Chief Wild Life Warden;

(b) Wild Life Wardens; [9]***

10[(bb) Honorary Wild Life Wardens;]

1. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for “freshly-killed wild animals” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 for clause (34) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (36) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
4. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for Schedules I to IV (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
5. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (37) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
6. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for clause (39) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023), earlier ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. Clause (b) omitted by Act 16 of 2003, s. 4, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
8. Subs. by s. 4, ibid., for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
9. The word “and” omitted by 44 of 1991, s. 6 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
10. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 5, for clause (bb) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

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(c) suchother officers and employees as may be necessary.

(2) In the performance of his duties and exercise of his powers by or under this Act, the Chief Wild

Life Warden shall be subject to such general or special directions, as the State Government may from
time to time, give.

(3) [1][The Wild Life Warden, the Honorary Wild Life Warden] and other officers and employees

appointed under this section shall be subordinate to the Chief Wild Life Warden.

**5. Power to delegate.—(1) The Director may, with the previous approval of the Central Government,**

by order in writing, delegate all or any of his powers and duties under this Act to any officer subordinate
to him subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order.

(2) The Chief Wild Life Warden may, with the previous approval of the State Government, by order

in writing, delegate all or any of his powers and duties under this Act, except those under clause (a) of
sub-section (1) of section 11, to any officer subordinate to him subject to such conditions, if any, as may
be specified in the order.

(3) Subject to any general or special direction given or condition imposed by the Director or the Chief

Wild Life Warden, any person, authorised by the Director or the Chief Wild Life Warden to exercise any
powers, may exercise those powers in the same manner and to the same effect as if they had been
conferred on that person directly by this Act and not by way of delegation.

**2[5A. Constitution of the National Board for Wild Life.—(1) The Central Government shall,**

within three months from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002
(16 of 2003), constitute the National Board for Wild Lifeconsisting of the following members, namely:—


(a) the Prime Minister as Chairperson;


(b) the Minister in-charge of Forests and Wild Life as Vice-Chairperson;

(c) three members of Parliament of whom two shall be from the House of the People and one

from the Council of States;

3[(d) Member, NITI Aayog in-charge of Environment, Forest and Climate Change;]

(e) five persons to represent non-governmental organizations to be nominated by the Central

Government;

(f) ten persons to be nominated by the Central Government from amongst eminent

conservationists, ecologists and environmentalists;

(g) the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry or Department of the

Central Government dealing with Forests and Wild Life;

(h) the Chief of the Army Staff;

(i) the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry of Defence;

(j) the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry of Information and

Broadcasting;

(k) the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Department of Expenditure,

Ministry of Finance;

(l) the Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Tribal Welfare;

(m) the Director-General of Forests in the Ministry or Department of the Central Government

dealing with Forests and Wild Life;

(n) the Director-General of Tourism, Government of India;

(o) the Director-General, Indian Council for Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun;

1. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 6, for “The Wild Life Warden” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 4, for clause (d) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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(p) the Director, Wild Life Institute of India, Dehradun;

(q) the Director, Zoological Survey of India;

(r) the Director, Botanical Survey of India;

(s) the Director, Indian Veterinary Research Institute;
(t) the Member-Secretary, Central Zoo Authority;

(u) the Director, National Institute of Oceanography;

(v) one representative each from ten States and Union territories by rotation, to be nominated by

the Central Government;

(w) the Director of Wild Life Preservation who shall be the Member-Secretary of the National

Board.


(2) The term of office of the members other than those who are members _ex officio, the manner of_

filling vacancies referred to in clauses (e), (f) and (v) of sub-section (1), and the procedure to be followed
in the discharge of their functions by the members of the National Board shall be such, as may be
prescribed.

(3) The members (except members ex officio) shall be entitled to receive such allowances in respect

of expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as may be prescribed.

(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the office of a

member of the National Board shall not be deemed to be an office of profit.

**5B. Standing Committee of the National Board.—(1) The National Board may, in its discretion,**

constitute a Standing Committee for the purpose of exercising such powers and performing such duties as
may be delegated to the Committee by the National Board.

(2) The Standing Committee shall consist of the Vice-Chairperson, the Member-Secretary, and not

more than ten members to be nominated by the Vice-Chairperson from amongst the members of the
National Board.

(3) The National Board may constitute committees, sub-committees or study groups, as may be

necessary, from time to time in proper discharge of the functions assigned to it.

**5C. Functions of the National Board.—(1) It shall be the duty of the National Board to promote the**

conservation and development of wild life and forests by such measures as it thinks fit.

(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the measures referred to therein

may provide for—

(a) framing policies and advising the Central Government and the State Governments on the ways

and means of promoting wild life conservation and effectively controlling poaching and illegal trade
of wild life and its products;

(b) making recommendations on the setting up of and management of national parks, sanctuaries

and other protected areas and on matters relating to restriction of activities in those areas;

(c) carrying out or causing to be carried but impact assessment of various projects and activities

on wild life or its habitat;

(d) reviewing from time to time, the progress in the field of wild life conservation in the country

and suggesting measures for improvement thereto; and


(e) preparing and publishing a status report at least once in two years on wild life in the country.]


**1[6. Constitution of State Board for Wild Life.—(1) The State Government shall, within a period of**

six months from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of
2003) constitute a State Board for Wild Life consisting of the following members, namely:—

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 7, for section 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

11


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(a) the Chief Minister of the State and in case of the Union territory, either Chief Minister or

Administrator, as the case may be - Chairperson;

(b) the Minister in-charge of Forests and Wild Life - Vice-Chairperson;

(c) three members of the State Legislature or in the case of a Union territory with Legislature, two

members of the Legislative Assembly of that Union territory;

(d) three persons to represent non-governmental organizations dealing with wild life to be

nominated by the State Government;

(e) ten persons to be nominated by the State Government from amongst eminent conservationists,

ecologists and environmentalists including at least two representatives of the Scheduled Tribes;

(f) the Secretary to the State Government or the Government of the Union territory, as the case

may be, in-charge of Forests and Wild Life;


(g) the Officer in-charge of the State Forest Department;


(h) the Secretary to the State Government, Department of Tribal Welfare;


(i) the Managing Director, State Tourism Development Corporation;


(j) an officer of the State Police Department not below the rank of Inspector-General;

(k) a representative of the Armed Forces not below the rank of a Brigadier to be nominated by the

Central Government;

(l) the Director, Department of Animal Husbandry of the State;


(m) the Director, Department of Fisheries of the State;


(n) an officer to be nominated by the Director, Wild Life Preservation;


(o) a representative of the Wild Life Institute of India, Dehradun;


(p) a representative of the Botanical Survey of India;

(q) a representative of the Zoological Survey of India;


(r) the Chief Wild Life Warden, who shall be the Member-Secretary.


(2) The term of office of the members other than those who are members ex officio and the manner of

filling vacancies referred to in clauses (d) and (e) of sub-section (1) and procedure to be followed shall be
such, as may be prescribed.

(3) The member (except members ex officio) shall be entitled to receive such allowances in respect of

expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as may be prescribed.]

1[6A. Standing Committee of Board.—(1) The Board may constitute a Standing Committee for the

purpose of exercising such powers and performing such duties as may be delegated to it by the Board.

(2) The Standing Committee shall consist of the Vice-Chairperson, the Member-Secretary, and not

more than ten members, to be nominated by the Vice-Chairperson, from amongst the members of the
Board.

(3) The Board or its Standing Committee referred to in sub-section (1) may, constitute committees,

sub-committees or study groups, as may be necessary, from time-to-time, for proper discharge of the
functions assigned to it.]

**7. Procedure to be followed by the Board.—(1) The Board shall meet at least twice a year at such**

place as the State Government may direct.

(2) The Board shall regulate its own procedure (including the quorum)

1. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 5 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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(3) No act or proceeding of the Board shall be invalid merely by reason of the existence of any

vacancy therein or any defect in the constitution thereof or any irregularity in the procedure of the Board
not affecting the merits of the case.

**8. Duties of** [1][State Board for Wild Life].—It shall be the duty of [1][State Board for Wild Life] to

advise the State Government,—

2[(a) in the selection and management of areas to be declared as protected areas;]

3[(b) in formulation of the policy for protection and conservation of the wild life and specified

plants;]

(c) in any matter relating to the amendment of any Schedule; [4]***

5[(cc) in relation to the measures to be taken for harmonising the needs of the tribals and other

dwellers of the forest with the protection and conservation of wild life; and]

(d) in any other matter connected with the protection of wild life, which may bereferred to it by

the State Government.

CHAPTER III

HUNTING OF WILD ANIMALS

6[9. Prohibition of hunting.—No person shall hunt any wild animal specified in 7[ Schedules I and

II] except as provided under section 11 and section 12.]

[10. _Maintenance of records of wild animals killed or captured.]—Omitted by the Wild Life_

(Protection) Amendment Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), s. 10 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

**11. Hunting of wild animals to be permitted in certain cases.—(1) Notwithstanding anything**

contained in any other law for the time being in force and subject to the provisions of Chapter IV,—

(a) the Chief Wild Life Warden may, if he is satisfied that any wild animal specified in Schedule

I has become dangerous to human life or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, by
Order in writing and stating the reasons therefor, permit any person to hunt such animal or cause such
animal to be hunted;

8[Provided that no wild animal shall be ordered to be killed unless the Chief Wild Life Warden is

satisfied that such animal cannot be captured, tranquilised or translocated:

Provided further that no such captured animal shall be kept in captivity unless the Chief Wild Life

Warden is satisfied that such animal cannot be rehabilitated in the wild and the reasons for the same
are recorded in writing.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of clause (a), the process of capture or translocation, as the case_

may be, of such animal shall be made in such manner as to cause minimum trauma to the said animal]

(b) the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, if he is satisfied that any wild

animal specified in Schedule II, [9]***, has become dangerous to human life or to property (including
standing crops on any land) or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, by order in writing

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 8, for “the Wild Life Advisory Board” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by s. 8, ibid., for clause (a) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 8, for clause (b) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. The word “and” omitted by s. 8, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by s. 8, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
6. Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for section 9 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 6, for “Schedules I, II, III and IV” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
8. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 9 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
9. The words and figures “Schedule III, or Schedule IV” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 7 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

13


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and stating the reasons therefor, permit any person to hunt [1][such animal or group of animals in a
specified area or cause such animal or group of animals in that specified area to be hunted].

(2) The killing or wounding in good faith of any wild animal in defence of oneself or of any other

person shall not be an offence:

Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall exonerate any person who, when such defence becomes

necessary, was committing any act in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made
thereunder.

(3) Amy wild animal killed or wounded in defence of any person shall be Government property.

**12. Grant of permit for special purposes.—Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this**

Act, it shall be lawful for the Chief Wild Life Warden, to grant [2]*** a permit, by an order in writing
stating the reasons therefor, to any person, on payment of such fee as may be prescribed, which shall
entitle the holder of such permit to hunt subject to such conditions as may be specified therein, any wild
animal specified in such permit, for the purpose of,—

(a) education;

3[(b) scientific research;

(bb) scientific management.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of clause (bb), the expression,“scientific management” means—_

(i) translocation of any wild animals to an alternative suitable habitat; or

(ii) population management of wildlife, without killing or poisoning or destroying any wild

animals;]

4[(c) collection of specimens—

(i) for recognised zoos subject to the permission under section 38-I; or

(ii) for museums and similar institutions;

(d) derivation, collection or preparation of snake-venom for the manufacture of life-saving

drugs:]

5[Provided that no such permit shall be granted—

(a) in respect of any wild animal specified in Schedule I, except with the previous permission

of the Central Government, and

(b) in respect of any other wild animal, except with the previous permission of the State

Government;]

(d) derivation, collection or preparation of snake-venom for the manufacture of life-saving

drugs:]

**13. [Suspension or cancellation of licence].—Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act,**

1991 (44 of 1991), s. 12 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

**14. [Appeals].—Omitted by, s. 12, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).**

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s.9, for “such animal or cause such animal to be hunted” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. The words “, with the previous permission of the State Government” omitted by Act 23 of 1982, s. 2 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
3. Subs. by s. 2, ibid., for clause (b) (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
4. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 11, for clause (c) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by Act 23 of 1982, s. 2 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).

14


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**15. [Hunting of young and female of wild animals].—Omitted by, s. 12, ibid.(w.e.f. 2-10-1991).**

**16. [Declaration of closed time].—Omitted by, s. 12, ibid.(w.e.f. 2-10-1991).**

**17. [Restrictions on hunting].—Omitted by, s. 12, ibid.(w.e.f. 2-10-1991).**


1[CHAPTER IIIA

PROTECTION OF SPECIFIED PLANTS

**17A. Prohibition of picking, uprooting, etc. of specified plant.—Save as otherwise provided in this**

Chapter, no person shall—


(a) wilfully pick, uproot, damage, destroy, acquire or collect any specified plant from any forest

land and any area specified, by notification, by the Central Government;

(b) posses, sell, offer for sale, or transfer by way of gift or otherwise, or transport any specified

plant, whether alive or dead, or part or derivative thereof:

Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a member of a scheduled tribe, subject to the

provisions of Chapter IV, from picking, collecting or possessing in the district he resides any
specified plant or part or derivative thereof for his bona fide personal use.

**17B. Grants of permit for special purposes.—The Chief Wild Life Warden may, with the previous**

permission of the State Government, grant to any person a permit to pick, uproot, acquire or collect from
a forest land or the area specified under section 17A or transport, subject to such conditions as may be
specified therein, any specified plant for the purpose of—


(a) education;


(b) scientific research;


(c) collection, preservation and display in a herbarium of any scientific institution; or


(d) propagation by a person or an institution approved by the Central Government in this regard.

**17C.Cultivation of specified plants without licence prohibited.—(1) No person shall cultivate a**

specified plant except under and in accordance with a licence granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or
any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf:

Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a person, who immediately before the

commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), was cultivating a
specified plant from carrying on such cultivation for a period of six months from such commencement or
where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is
granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him.

(2) Every licence granted under this section shall specify the area in which and the conditions, if any,

subject to which the licensee shall cultivate a specified plant.

**17D. Dealing in specified plants without licence prohibited.—(1) No person shall, except under**

and in accordance with a licence granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised
by the State Government in this behalf, commence or carry on business or occupation as a dealer in a
specified plant or part or derivate thereof:

Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a person, who, immediately before the

commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), was carrying on such
business or occupation, from carrying on such business or occupation for a period of sixty days from such
commencement, or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him,
until the licence is granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him.

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).

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(2) Every licence granted under this section shall specify the premises in which and the conditions, if

any, subject to which the licensee shall carry on his business.

**17E. Declaration of stock.—(1) Every person cultivating, or dealing in, a specified plant or part or**

derivative thereof shall, within thirty days from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection)
(Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991) declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer
authorised by the State Government in this behalf, his stocks of such plants and part or derivative thereof,
as the case may be, on the date of such commencement.

(2) The provisions of sub-sections (3) to (8) (both inclusive) of section 44, section 45, section 46 and

section 47 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to an application and a licence referred to in
section 17C and section 17D as they apply in relation to the licence or business in animals or animal
articles.

**17F. Possession, etc., of plants by licensee.—No licensee under this Chapter shall—**

(a) keep in his control, custody or possession—

(i) any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof in respect of which a declaration under the

provisions of section 17E has to be made but has not been made;

(ii) any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof which has not been lawfully acquired

under the provisions of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder;


(b) (i) pick, uproot, collect or acquire any specified plant, or

(ii) acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession, or sell, offer for sale or transport

any specified plant or part or derivative thereof,

except in accordance with the conditions subject to which the licence has been granted and such rules as
may be made under this Act.

**17G. Purchase, etc., of specified plants.—No person shall purchase, receive or acquire any specified**

plant or part or derivative thereof otherwise than from a licensed dealer:


Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to any person referred to in section 17B.


**17H. Plants to be Government property.—(1) Every specified plant or part or derivative thereof, in**

respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed,
shall be the property of the State Government, and, where such plant or part or derivative thereof has been
collected or acquired from a sanctuary or National Park declared by the Central Government, such plant
or part or derivative thereof shall be the property of the Central Government.

(2) The provisions of sub-sections (2) and (3) of section 39 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to

the specified plant or part or derivative thereof or they apply in relation to wild animals and articles
referred to in sub-section (1) of that section.]

CHAPTER IV

1[PROTECTED AREAS]

_Sanctuaries_

**18. Declaration of sanctuary.—[2][(1) The State Government may, by notification, declare its**

intention to constitute any area other than an area comprised within any reserve forest or the territorial
waters as a sanctuary if it considers that such area is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral,

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 10 for the heading (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 15, for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

16


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geomorphological, natural or zoological significance, for the purpose of protecting, propagating or
developing wild life or its environment.]

(2) The notification referred to in sub-section (1) shall specify, as nearly as possible, the situation and

limits of such area.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, it shall be sufficient to describe the area by roads,_

rivers, ridges or other well-known or readily intelligible boundaries.

**1[18A. Protection to sanctuaries.—(1) When the State Government declares its intention under**

sub-section (1) of section 18 to constitute any area, not comprised within any reserve forest or territorial
waters under that sub-section, as a sanctuary, the provisions of sections 27 to 33A (both inclusive) shall
come into effect forthwith.

(2) Till such time as the rights of affected persons are finally settled under sections 19 to 24 (both

inclusive), the State Government shall make alternative arrangements required for making available fuel,
fodder and other forest produce to the persons affected, in terms of their rights as per the Government
records.

**18B. Appointment of Collectors.—The State Government shall appoint, an officer to act as**

Collector under the Act, within ninety days of coming into force of the Wild Life (Protection)
Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003), or within thirty days of the issue of notification under section 18, to
inquire into and determine the existence, nature and extent of rights of any person in or over the land
comprised within the limits of the sanctuary which may be notified under sub-section (1) of section 18.]

**19. Collector to determine rights.—[2][When a notification has been issued under section 18,] the**

Collector shall inquire into, and determine, the existence, nature and extent of the rights of any person in
or over the land comprised within the limits of the sanctuary.

**20. Bar of accrual of rights.—After the issue of a notification under section 18, no right shall be**

acquired in, on or over the land comprised within the limits of the area specified in such notification,
except by succession, testamentary or intestate.

**21. Proclamation by Collector.—When a notification has been issued under section 18, the**

Collector shall [3][within a period of sixty days] publish in the regional language in every town and village
in or in the neighbourhood of the area comprised therein, a proclamation—

(a) specifying, as nearly as possible, the situation and the limits of the sanctuary; and

(b) requiring any person, claiming any right mentioned In section 19, to prefer before the

Collector, within two months from the date of such proclamation, a written claim in the prescribed
form, specifying the nature and extent of such right with necessary details and the amount and
particulars of compensation, if any, claimed in respect thereof.

**22. Inquiry by Collector.—The Collector shall, after service of the prescribed notice upon the**

claimant, expeditiously inquire into—

(a) the claim preferred before him under clause (b) of section 21, and

(b) the existence of any right mentioned in section 19 and not claimed under clause (b) of

section 21,

so far as the same may be ascertainable from the records of the State Government and the evidence of any
person acquainted with the same.

1. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 11 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 16, for “Whenever any area is declared to be a sanctuary” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 12 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

17


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**23. Powers of Collector.—For the purpose of such inquiry, the Collector may exercise the following**

powers, namely:—

(a) the power to enter in or upon any land and to survey, demarcate and make a map of the same

or to authorise any other officer to do so;

(b) the same powers as are vested in a civil court for the trial of suits.

**24. Acquisition of rights.—(1) In the case of a claim to a right in or over any land referred to in**

section 19, the Collector shall pass an order admitting or rejecting the same in whole or in part.

(2) If such claim is admitted in whole or in part, the Collector may either—

(a) exclude such land from the limits of the proposed sanctuary, or

(b) proceed to acquire such land or rights, except where by an agreement between the owner of

such land or holder of rights and the Government, the owner or holder of such rights has agreed to
surrender his rights to the Government, in or over such land” and on payment of such compensation,
as is provided in the [1][Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition,
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (30 of 2013).]

2[(c) allow, in consultation with the Chief Wild Life Warden, the continuation of any right of any

person in or over any land within the limits of the sanctuary.]

**25. Acquisition proceedings.—(1) For the purpose of acquiring such land, or rights in or over such**

land,—

(a) the Collector shall be deemed to be a Collector, proceeding under the [3][Right to Fair

Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (30
of 2013);]

(b) the claimant shall be deemed to be a person interested and appearing before him in pursuance

of a notice given under [4][section 21] of that Act;

(c) the provisions of the sections, preceding [4][section 21] of that Act, shall be deemed to have

been complied with;

(d) where the claimant does not accept the award made in his favour ha the matter of

compensation, he shall be deemed, within the meaning of [5][section 64] of that Act, to be a person
interested who has not accepted the award, and shall be entitled to proceed to claim relief against the
award under the provisions of [5][Chapter VIII] of that Act;

(e) the Collector, with the consent of the claimant, or [6][the Authority], with the consent of both

the parties, may award compensation in land or money or partly in land and partly in money; and

(f) in the case of the stoppage of a public way or a common pasture, the Collector may, with the

previous sanction of the State Government, provide for an alternative public way or common pasture,
as far as may be practicable or convenient.

7[Explanation.—The expression “Authority” referred to in clause (e), shall mean the Land

Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority established under section 51 of the Right to
Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013
(30 of 2013).]

(2) The acquisition under this Act of any land or interest therein shall be deemed to be acquisition for

a public purpose.

1. Sub. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 8, for “Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894)” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 17 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 9, for “Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894)” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for “section 9” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
5. Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for “section 18” and “Part III” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
6. Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for “the Court” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
7. Ins. by s. 9, ibid, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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**1[25A. Time-limit for completion of acquisition proceedings.—(1) The Collector shall, as far as**

possible, complete the proceedings under sections 19 to 25 (both inclusive), within a period of two years
from the date of notification of declaration of sanctuary under section 18.

(2) The notification shall not lapse if, for any reasons, the proceedings are not completed within a

period of two years.]

**26. Delegation of Collector’s powers.—The State Government may, by general or special order,**

direct that the Powers exercisable or the functions to be performed by the Collector under sections 19 to
25 (both inclusive) may be exercised and performed by such other officer as may be specified in the
order.

**2[26A. Declaration of area as sanctuary.—(1) When—**

(a) a notification has been issued under section 18 and the period for preferring claims has

elapsed, and all claims, if any, made in relation to any land in an area intended to be declared as a
sanctuary, have been disposed of by the State Government; or

(b) any area comprised within any reserve forest or any part of the territorial waters, which is

considered by the State Government to be of adequate ecological faunal floral geomorphological,
natural or zoological significance for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life or
its environment, is to be included in a sanctuary,

the State Government shall issue a notification specifying the limits of the area which shall be comprised
within the sanctuary and declare that the said area shall be sanctuary on and from such date as may be
specified in the notification:

Provided that where any part of the territorial waters is to be so included, prior concurrence of the

Central Government shall be obtained by the State Government:

Provided further that the limits of the area of the territorial waters to be included in the sanctuary shall

be determined in consultation with the Chief Naval Hydrographer of the Central Government and after
taking adequate measures to protect the occupational interests of the local fishermen.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the right of innocent passage of any vessel

or boat through the territorial waters shall not be affected by the notification issued under sub-section (1).

3[(3) No alteration of the boundaries of a sanctuary shall be made by the State Government except on

a recommendation of the National Board.]

**27. Restriction on entry in sanctuary.—(1) No person other than,—**

(a) a public servant on duty,

(b) a person who has been permitted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer to

reside within the limits of the sanctuary,

(c) a person who has any right over immovable property within the limits of the sanctuary,

(d) a person passing through the sanctuary along a public highway, and

(e) the dependants of the person referred to in clause (a), clause (b) or clause (c), shall enter or

reside in the sanctuary, except under and in accordance with the conditions of a permit granted under
section 28.

(2) Every person shall, so long, as he resides in the sanctuary, be bound—

(a) to prevent the commission, in the sanctuary, of an offence against this Act;

(b) where there is reason to believe that any such offence against this Act has been committed in

such sanctuary, to help in discovering and arresting the offender;

1. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 13 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 18 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 14, for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

19


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(c) to report the death of any wild animal and to safeguard its remains until the Chief Wild Life

Warden or the authorised officer takes charge thereof;

(d) to extinguish any fire in such sanctuary of which he has knowledge or information and to

prevent from spreading, by any lawful means in his power, any fire within the vicinity of such
sanctuary of which he has knowledge or information; and

(e) to assist any forest officer, Chief Wild Life. Warden, Wild Life Warden or police officer

demanding his aid for preventing the commission of any offence against this Act or in the
investigation of any such offence.

1[(3) No person shall, with intent to cause damage to any boundary-mark of a sanctuary or to cause

wrongful gain as defined in the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860), alter, destroy, move or deface such
boundary-mark.

(4) No person shall tease or molest any wild animal or litter the grounds of sanctuary.]

**28. Grant of permit.—(1) The Chief Wild Life Warden may, on application, grant to any person a**

permit to enter or reside in a sanctuary for all or any of the following purposes, namely:—

(a) investigation or study of wild life and purposes ancillary or incidental thereto;

(b) photography [2][and film-making without making any change in the habitat or causing any

adverse impact to the habitat or wild life;]

(c) scientific research;

(d) tourism;

(e) transaction of lawful business with any person residing in the sanctuary.

(2) A permit to enter or reside in a sanctuary shall be issued subject to such conditions and on

payment of such fee as may be prescribed.

**3[29. Destruction, etc., in a sanctuary prohibited without a permit.—No person shall destroy,**

exploit or remove any wild life including forest produce from a sanctuary or destroy or damage or divert
the habitat of any wild animal by any act whatsoever or divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into or
outside the sanctuary, except under and in accordance with a permit granted by the Chief Wild Life
Warden, and no such permit shall be granted unless the State Government being satisfied in consultation
with the [4][National Board] that such removal of wild life from the sanctuary or the change in the flow of
water into or outside the sanctuary is necessary for the improvement and better management of wild life
therein, authorises the issue of such permit:

Provided that where the forest produce is removed from a sanctuary the same may be used for

meeting the personal _bona fide needs of the people living in and around the sanctuary and shall not be_
used for any commercial purpose.

5[Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, grazing or movement of livestock permitted under

clause (d) of section 33, or hunting of wild animals under a permit granted under section 11 or hunting
without violating the conditions of a permit granted under section 12, or the exercise of any rights
permitted to continue under clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24, including the _bona fide use of_
drinking and household water by local communities until they are settled, shall not be deemed to be an act
prohibited under this section.]

**30. Causing fire prohibited.—No person shall set fire to a sanctuary, or kindle any fire, or leave any**

fire burning, in a sanctuary, in such manner as to endanger such sanctuary.

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 19 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 10 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 15, for section 29 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
4. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 11, for “Board” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
5. Subs. by s. 11, ibid., for “the Explanation” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

20


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**31. Prohibition of entry into sanctuary with weapon.—No person shall enter a sanctuary with any**

weapon except with the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised
officer.

**32. Ban on use of injurious substances.—No person shall use, in a sanctuary, chemicals, explosives**

or any other substances which may cause injury to, or endanger, any wild life in such sanctuary.

**33. Control of sanctuaries.—The Chief Wild Life Warden shall be the authority who shall control,**

1[manage and protect all sanctuaries in accordance with such management plans for the sanctuary
approved by him as per the guidelines issued by the Central Government and in case the sanctuary also
falls under the Scheduled Areas or areas where the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest
Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 (2 of 2007) is applicable, in accordance with the
management plan for such sanctuary prepared after due consultation with the Gram Sabha concerned] and
for that purpose, within the limits of any sanctuary,—

(a) may construct such roads, bridges, buildings, fences or barrier gates, and carry out such other

works as he may consider necessary for the purposes of such sanctuary:

2[Provided that no construction of 3[tourist lodges, including Government lodges, for

commercial purposes], hotels, zoos and safari parks shall be undertaken inside a sanctuary except
with the prior approval of the National Board.]

(b) shall take such steps as will ensure the security of wild animals in the sanctuary and the

preservation of the sanctuary and wild animals therein;

(c) may take such measures, in the interests of wild life, as he may consider necessary for the

improvement of any habitat;

(d) may regulate, control or prohibit, in keeping with the interests of wild life, the grazing or

movement of [4][live-stock.]

5***

**6[33A. Immunisation of live-stock.—(1) The Chief Wild Life Warden shall take such measures in**

such manner, as may be prescribed, for immunisation against communicable diseases of the live-stock
kept in or within five kilometres of a sanctuary.

(2) No person shall take, or cause to be taken or grazed, any live-stock in a sanctuary without getting

it immunised.]

**7[33B. Advisory Committee.—(1) The State Government shall constitute an Advisory Committee**

consisting of the Chief Wild Life Warden or his nominee not below the rank of Conservator of Forests as
its head and shall include a member of the State Legislature within whose constituency the sanctuary is
situated, three representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions, two representatives of non-governmental
organisations and three individuals active in the field of wild life conservation, one representative each
from departments dealing with Home and Veterinary matters, Honorary Wild Life Warden, if any, and the
officer-in-charge of the sanctuary as Member-Secretary.

(2) The Committee shall render advice on measures to be taken for better conservation and

management of the sanctuary including participation of the people living within and around the sanctuary.

(3) The Committee shall regulate its own procedure including quorum.]

**34. Registration of certain persons in possession of arms.—(1) Within three months from the**

declaration of any area as a sanctuary, every person residing in or within ten kilometres of any such

1. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 12, for “manage and maintain all sanctuaries” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 16, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Sub. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 12, for “commercial tourist lodges” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 21, for “cattle;” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Clause (e) omitted by s. 21, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
6. Ins. by s. 22, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 17 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

21


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sanctuary and holding a licence granted under the Arms Act, 1959(54 of 1959), for the possession of arms
or exempted from the provisions of that Act and possessing arms, shall apply in such form, on payment of
such fee and within such time as may be prescribed, to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised
officer, for the registration of his name.

(2) On receipt of an application under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised

officer shall register the name of the applicant in such manner as may be prescribed.

1[(3) No new licences under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1959) shall be granted within a radius of ten

kilometres of a sanctuary without the prior concurrence of the Chief Wild Life Warden.]

2[(4) No renewal of any licence under the Arms Act, 1959, (54 of 1959) shall be granted to any

person residing within ten kilometres of a sanctuary except under the intimation to the Chief Wild Life
Warden or the authorised officer.]

_National Parks_

**35. Declaration of National Parks.—(1) Whenever it appears to the State Government that an area,**

whether within a sanctuary or not, is, by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological or
zoological association or importance, needed to be constituted as a National Park for the purpose of
protecting, propagating or developing wild life therein or its environment, it may, by notification, declare
its intention to constitute such area as a National Park.

3[Provided that where any part of the territorial waters is proposed to be included in such National

Park, the provisions of section 26A shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to the declaration of a
National Park as they apply in relation to the declaration of a sanctuary.]

(2) The notification referred to in sub-section (1) shall define the limits of the area which is intended

to be declared as a National Park.

(3) Where any area is intended to be declared as a National Park, the provisions of sections [4][19 to

26A (both inclusive except cause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24)] shall, as far as may, be, apply to
the investigation and determination of claims, and extinguishment of rights, in relation to any land in such
area as they apply to the said matters in relation to any land in a sanctuary.

5[(3A) When the State Government declares its intention under sub-section (1) to constitute any area

as a National Park, the provisions of sections 27 to 33A (both inclusive), shall come into effect forthwith,
until the publication of the notification declaring such National Park under sub-section (4).

(3B) Till such time as the rights of the affected persons are finally settled under sections 19 to 26A

[both inclusive except clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24], the State Government shall make
alternative arrangements required for making available fuel, fodder and other forest produce to the
persons affected, in terms of their rights as per the Government records.]

(4) When the following events have occurred, namely,—

(a) the period for preferring claims has elapsed, and all claims, if any, made in relation to any

land in an area intended to be declared as a National Park, have been disposed of by the State
Government, and

(b) all rights in respect of lands proposed to be included in the National Park have become vested

in the State Government,

the State Government shall publish a notification specifying the limits of the area which shall be
comprised within the National Park and declare that the said area shall be a National Park on and from
such date as may be specified in the notification.

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 22A (w.e.f. 21-5-2001).
2. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 13 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Added by Act 44 of 1991, s. 23, (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Subs. by s. 23, ibid., for “section 23, for “19 to 26 (both inclusive)” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 14 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

22


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1[(5) No alteration of the boundaries of a National Park by the State Government shall be made except

on a recommendation of the National Board.

(6) No person shall destroy, exploit or remove any Wild Life including forest produce from a

National Park or destroy or damage or divert the habitat of any wild animal by any act whatsoever or
divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into or outside the National Park, except under and in
accordance with a permit granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden, and no such permit shall be granted
unless the State Government being satisfied in consultation with the National Board that such removal of
wild life from the National Park or the change in the flow of water into or outside the National Park is
necessary for the improvement and better management of wild life therein, authorises the issue of such
permit:

Provided that where the forest produce is removed from a National Park, the same may be used for

meeting the personal bona fide needs of the people living in and around the National Park and shall not be
used for any commercial purpose.]

(7) No grazing of any [2][live-stock] shall be permitted in a National Park and no [2][live-stock] shall be

allowed to enter therein except where such [2][live-stock] is used as a vehicle by a person authorised to
enter such National Park.

(8) The provisions of sections 27 and 28, sections 30 to 32 (both inclusive), and clauses (a), (b) and

(c) of [3][section 33, section 33A] shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a National Park as they apply
in relation to a sanctuary.

4[Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, in case of an area, whether within a sanctuary or

not, where the rights have been extinguished and the land has become vested in the State Government
under any Act or otherwise, such area may be notified by it, by a notification, as a National Park and the
proceedings under sections 19 to 26 (both inclusive) and the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) of this
section shall not apply.]

_5***_

**36.** [Declaration of game reserve.]—Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 1991

_(44 of 1991), s. 24 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991)._

**6[36A. Declaration and management of a conservation reserve.—(1) The State Government may,**

after having consultations with the local communities, declare any area owned by the Government,
particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and sanctuaries and those areas which link one protected
area with another, as a conservation reserve for protecting landscapes, seascapes, flora and fauna and their
habitat:

Provided that where the conservation reserve includes any land owned by the Central Government, its

prior concurrence shall be obtained before making such declaration.

(2) The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections

30, 32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a conservation
reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.

**36B. Conservation reserve management committee.—(1) The State Government shall constitute a**

conservation reserve management committee to advise the Chief Wild Life Warden to conserve, manage
and maintain the conservation reserve.

(2) The committee shall consist of a representative of the forest or Wild Life Department, who shall

be the Member-Secretary of the Committee, one representative of each Village Panchayat in whose
jurisdiction the reserve is located, three representatives of non-governmental organisations working in the

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 19, for sub-sections (5) and (6) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 23, for “cattle” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Subs. by s. 23, ibid., for “section 33” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 19 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
5. The sub-heading “GAME RESERVE” omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 24 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
6. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

23


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field of wild life conservation and one representative each from the Department of Agriculture and
Animal Husbandry.

(3) The Committee shall regulate its own procedure including the quorum.

**36C. Declaration and management of community reserve.—(1) The State Government may,**

where the community or an individual has volunteered to conserve wild life and its habitat, declare any
private or community land not comprised within a National Park, sanctuary or a conservation reserve, as a
community reserve, for protecting fauna, flora and traditional or cultural conservation values and
practices.

(2) The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections

30, 32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a community
reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.

(3) After the issue of notification under sub-section (1), no change in the land use pattern shall be

made within the community reserve, except in accordance with a resolution passed by the management
committee and approval of the same by the State Government.

**36D. Community reserve management committee.—(1) The State Government shall constitute a**

Community Reserve management committee, which shall be the authority responsible for conserving,
maintaining and managing the community reserve.

(2) The committee shall consist of [1][not less than five representatives] nominated by the Village

Panchayat or where such Panchayat does not exist by the members of the Gram Sabha and one
representative of the State Forests or Wild Life Department under whose jurisdiction the community
reserve is located.

2[(2A) Where a community reserve is declared on private land under sub-section (1) of section 36C,

the community reserve management committee shall consist of the owner of the land, a representative of
the State Forests or Wild Life Department under whose jurisdiction the community reserve is located and
also the representative of the Panchayat concerned or the tribal community, as the case may be.]

(3) The committee shall be the competent authority to prepare and implement the management plan

for the community reserve and to take steps to ensure the protection of wild life and its habitat in the
reserve.

(4) The committee shall elect a Chairman who shall also be the Honorary Wild Life Warden on the

community reserve.

(5) The committee shall regulate its own procedure including the quorum.]

_Closed Area_

**37.** [Declaration of closed area.]—Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002

(16 of 2003), s. 21(w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

_Sanctuaries or National Parks declared by Central Government_

**38. Power of Central Government to declare areas as sanctuaries or National Parks** **[3][or**

**conservation reserves].—(1) Where the State Government leases or otherwise transfers any area under**
its control, not being an area within a sanctuary, to the Central Government, the Central Government may,
if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 18 are fulfilled in relation to the area so transferred
to it, declare such area, by notification, to be a sanctuary and the provisions of [4][sections 18 to 35] (both
inclusive), 54 and 55 shall apply in relation to such sanctuary as they apply in relation to a sanctuary
declared by the State Government.

1. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 15, for “five representatives” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by s. 15, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Ins. by s. 16, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 25, for “sections 19 to 35” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

24


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(2) The Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 35 are

fulfilled in relation to any area referred to in section (1), whether or not such area has been declared, to be
a sub sanctuary by the Central Government or the State Government, declare such area, by notification, to
be a National Park and the provisions of sections 35, 54 and 55 shall apply in relation to such National
Park as they apply in relation to a National Park declared by the State Government.

1[(2A) The Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in sub-section (1) of

section 36A are fulfilled in relation to any area referred to in sub-section (1), declare such area, by
notification, to be a conservation reserve and the provisions of sections 36A and 36B shall apply in
relation to such conservation reserve as they apply in relation to a conservation reserve declared by the
State Government.]

(3) In relation to a sanctuary or National Park [2][or conservation reserve] declared by the Central

Government, the powers and duties of the Chief Wild Life Warden under the sections referred to in
3[sub-sections (1), (2) and (2A)], shall be exercised and discharged by the Director or by such other
officer as may be authorised by the Director in this behalf and references, in the sections aforesaid, to the
State Government shall be construed as references to the Central Government and reference therein to the
Legislature of the State shall be construed as a reference to Parliament.


4[CHAPTER IVA


CENTRAL ZOO AUTHORITY AND RECOGNITION OF ZOOS


**38A. Constitution of Central Zoo Authority.—(1) The Central Government shall constitute a body**

to be known as the Central Zoo Authority (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as the Authority), to
exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to it under this Act.

(2) The Authority shall consist of—

(a) chairperson;


(b) such number of members not exceeding ten; and


(c) Member-Secretary,


to be appointed by the Central Government.


**38B. Term of office and conditions of service of Chairperson and members, etc.—(1) The**

chairperson and every member [5][other than the Member-Secretary] shall hold office for such period, not
exceeding three years, as may be specified by the Central Government in this behalf.

(2) The chairperson or a member may by writing under his hand addressed to the Central

Government, resign from the office of chairperson or, as the case may be, of the member.

(3) The Central Government shall remove a person from the office of chairperson or member referred

to in sub-section (2) if that person—

(a) becomes an undischarged insolvent;

(b) gets convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for an offence which in the opinion of the

Central Government involves moral turpitude;

(c) becomes of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;

(d) refuses to act or becomes incapable of acting;

(e) is, without obtaining leave of absence from the authority, absent from three consecutive

meetings of the Authority; or

1. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 16 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by s. 16, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by s. 16, ibid, for “sub-sections (1) and (2)” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 26 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 22 (w.e.f.1-4-2003).

25


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(f) in the opinion of the Central Government has so abused the position of chairperson or member

as to render that person’s continuance in office detrimental to the public interest:

Provided that no person shall be removed under this clause unless that person has been given a

reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.

(4) A vacancy caused under sub-section (2) or otherwise shall be filled by fresh appointment.

(5) The salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of chairperson, members and

Member-Secretary of the Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.

(6) The Authority shall, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, employ such officers

and other employees as it deems necessary to carry out the purposes of the Authority.

(7) The terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Authority shall be

such as may be prescribed.

(8) No act or proceeding of the Authority shall be questioned or shall be invalid on the ground merely

of the existence of any vacancies or defect in the constitution of the Authority.

**38C. Functions of the Authority.—The Authority shall perform the following functions, namely:—**

(a) specify the minimum standards for housing, upkeep and veterinary care of the animals kept in

a zoo;

(b) evaluate and assess the functioning of zoos with respect to the standards or the norms as may

be prescribed;


(c) recognise or derecognise zoos;


(d) identify endangered species of wild animals for purposes of captive breeding and assigning

responsibility in this regard to a zoo;

(e) co-ordinate the acquisition, exchange and loaning of animals for breeding purposes;

(f) ensure maintenance of stud-books of endangered species of wild animals bred in captivity;


(g) identify priorities and themes with regard to display of captive animals in a zoo;


(h) co-ordinate training of zoo personnel in India and outside India;

(i) co-ordinate research in captive breeding and educational programmes for the purposes of zoos;

(j) provide technical and other assistance to zoos for their proper management and development

on scientific lines;

(k) perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with

regard to zoos.

**38D. Procedure to be regulated by the Authority.—(1) The Authority shall meet as and when**

necessary and shall meet at such time and place as the chairperson may think fit.

(2) The Authority shall regulate its own procedure.

(3) All orders and decisions of the Authority shall be authenticated by the Member-Secretary or any

other officer of the Authority duly authorised by the Member-Secretary in this behalf.

**38E.Grants and loans to Authority and Constitution of Fund.—(1) The Central Government may,**

after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Authority grants and loans
of such sums of money as that Government may consider necessary.

(2) There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Central Zoo Authority Fund and there shall be

credited thereto any grants and loans made to the Authority by the Central Government, all fees and
charges received by the Authority under this Act and all sums received by the Authority from such other
sources as may be decided upon by the Central Government.

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(3) The Fund referred to in sub-section (2) shall be applied for meeting salary, allowances and other

remuneration of the members, officers and other employees of the Authority and the expenses of the
Authority in the discharge of its functions under this Chapter and expenses on objects and for purposes
authorised by this Act.

(4) The Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual

statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation with
the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

(5) The accounts of the Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General at such

intervals as may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such audit shall be
payable by the Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General.

(6) The Comptroller and Auditor-General and any person appointed by him in connection with the

audit of the accounts of the Authority under this Act shall have the same rights and privileges and the
authority in connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General generally has in
connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the right to demand
the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect
any of the offices of the Authority.

(7) The accounts of the Authority, as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General or any other

person appointed by him in this behalf, together with the audit report thereon, shall be forwarded annually
to the Central Government by the Authority.

**38F. Annual report.—The Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time, for each financial**

year, as may be prescribed, its annual report, giving a full account of its activities during the previous
financial year and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government.

**38G. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament.—The Central Government**

shall cause the annual report together with a memorandum of action taken on the recommendations
contained therein, in so far as they relate to the Central Government, and the reasons for the nonacceptance, if any, of any of such recommendations and the audit report to be laid as soon as may be after
the reports are received before each House of Parliament.

**38H. Recognition of zoos.—(1) No zoo shall be operated without being recognised by the Authority:**

Provided that a zoo being operated immediately before the date of commencement of the Wild Life

(Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991(44 of 1991) may continue to operate without being recognised for a
period of [1][eighteen months from the date of such commencement] and if the application seeking
recognition is made within that period, the zoo may continue to be operated until the said application is
finally decided or withdrawn and in case of refusal for a further period of six months from the date of
such refusal.

2[(1A) On and after the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of

2003) a zoo shall not be established without obtaining the prior approval of the Authority.]

(2) Every application for recognition of a zoo shall be made to the Authority in such form and on

payment of such fee as may be prescribed.

(3) Every recognition shall specify the conditions, if any, subject to which the applicant shall operate

the zoo.

(4) No recognition to a zoo shall be granted unless the Authority, having due regard to the interests of

protection and conservation of wild life, and such standards, norms and other matters as may be
prescribed, is satisfied that recognition should be granted.

(5) No application for recognition of a zoo shall be rejected unless the applicant has been given a

reasonable opportunity of being heard.

1. Subs. by Act 26 of 1993, s. 2, for “six months from the date of such commencement” (w.e.f. 4-8-1992).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 23 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

27


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(6) The Authority may, for reasons to be recorded by it, suspend or cancel any recognition granted

under sub-section (4):

Provided that no such suspension or cancellation shall be made except after giving the person

operating the zoo a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(7) An appeal from an order refusing to recognise a zoo under sub-section (5) or an order suspending

or cancelling a recognition under sub-section (6) shall lie to the Central Government.

(8) An appeal under sub-section (7) shall be preferred within thirty days from the date of

communication to the applicant of the order appealed against:

Provided that the Central Government may admit any appeal preferred after the expiry of the period

aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal in time.

**1[38-I. Acquisition of animals by a zoo.—(1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, no zoo shall**

acquire, sell or transfer any wild animal or captive animal specified in Schedules I [2]*** except with the
previous permission of the Authority.

(2) No zoo shall acquire, sell or transfer any wild or captive animal except from or to a recognised

zoo.]

3[Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall apply to a conservation breeding centre.]

**38J. Prohibition of teasing, etc., in a zoo.—No person shall tease, molest, injure or feed any animal**

or cause disturbance to the animals by noise or otherwise, or litter the grounds in a zoo.]


4[CHAPTER IVB


NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION AUTHORITY


**38K. Definitions.—In this Chapter,—**

(a) “National Tiger Conservation Authority” means the Tiger Conservation Authority constituted

under section 38L;


(b) “Steering Committee” means the Committee constituted under section 38U;


(c) “Tiger Conservation Foundation” means the foundation established under section 38X;


(d) “tiger reserve State” means a State having tiger reserve;


(e) “tiger reserve” means the areas notified as such under section 38V.

**38L. Constitution of National Tiger Conservation Authority.—(1) The Central Government shall**

constitute a body to be known as the National Tiger Conservation Authority (hereinafter in this Chapter
referred to as the Tiger Conservation Authority), to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the
functions assigned to it under this Act.

(2) The Tiger Conservation Authority shall consist of the following members, namely:—

(a) the Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment and Forests—Chairperson;


(b) the Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment and Forests—Vice-Chairperson;


(c) three members of Parliament of whom two shall be elected by the House of the People and

one by the Council of States;

(d) eight experts or professionals having prescribed qualifications and experience in conservation

of wild life and welfare of people living in tiger reserve out of which at least two shall be from the
field of tribal development;

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 24, for section 38-I (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. The word and figures “and II” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 17 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Ins. by s. 17, ibid, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).

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(e) Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests;


(f) Director General of Forests and Special Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests;


(g) Director, Wild Life Preservation, Ministry of Environment and Forests;


(h) six Chief Wild Life Wardens from the tiger reserve States in rotation for three years;


(i) an officer not below the rank of Joint Secretary and Legislative Counsel from the Ministry of

Law and Justice;


(j) Secretary, Ministry of Tribal Affairs;


(k) Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment;


(l) Chairperson, National Commission for the Scheduled Tribes;


(m) Chairperson, National Commission for the Scheduled Castes;

(n) Secretary, Ministry of Panchayati Raj;

(o) [1][an officer not below the rank of Inspector General of Forests] having at least ten years

experience in a tiger reserve or wildlife management, who shall be the Member-Secretary,


to be notified by the Central Government, in the Official Gazette.


(3) It is hereby declared that the office of member of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall not

disqualify its holder for being chosen as, or for being, a member of either House of Parliament.

**38M. Term of office and conditions of service of members.—(1) A member nominated under**

clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 38L shall hold office for such period not exceeding three years:

Provided that a member may, by writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government, resign

from his office.

(2) The Central Government shall remove a member referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (2) of

section 38L, from office if he—

(a) is, or at any time has been, adjudicated as insolvent;

(b) has been convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the Central Government, involves

moral turpitude;


(c) is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;


(d) refuses to act or becomes incapable of acting;

(e) is, without obtaining leave of absence from the Tiger Conservation Authority, absent from

three consecutive meetings of the said Authority; or

(f) has, in the opinion of the Central Government, so abused his position as to render his

continuation in office detrimental to the public interest:

Provided that no member shall be removed under this sub-section unless he has been given a

reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.

(3) Any vacancy in the office of a member shall be filled by fresh appointment and such member

shall continue for the remainder of the term of the member in whose place he is appointed.

(4) The salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of the members of the Tiger

Conservation Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.

(5) No act or proceeding of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be questioned or shall be invalid

on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancy or defect in the constitution of the Tiger
Conservation Authority.

1. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 18, for “Inspector General of Forests or an officer of the equivalent rank” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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**38N. Officers and employees of Tiger Conservation Authority.—(1) The Tiger Conservation**

Authority may, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, appoint such other officers and
employees as it considers necessary for the efficient discharge of its functions under this Act:

Provided that the officers and employees holding office under the Directorate of Project Tiger and

dealing with Project Tiger immediately before the date of constitution of the Tiger Conservation
Authority shall continue to hold office in the said Authority by the same tenure and upon the same terms
and conditions of service or until the expiry of the period of six months from that date if such employee
opts not to be’ the employee of that Authority.

(2) The terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation

Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.

**38O. Powers and functions of Tiger Conservation Authority.—(1) The Tiger Conservation**

Authority shall have the following powers and perform the following functions, namely:—

(a) to approve the Tiger Conservation Plan prepared by the State Government under

sub-section (5) of section 38V of this Act;

(b) evaluate and assess various aspects of sustainable ecology and disallow any ecologically

unsustainable land use such as, mining, industry and other projects within the tiger reserves;

(c) lay down normative standards for tourism activities and guidelines for project tiger from time

to time for tiger conservation in the buffer and core area of tiger reserves and ensure their due
compliance;

(d) provide for management focus and measures for addressing conflicts of men and wild animals

and to emphasise on co-existence in forest areas outside the National Parks, sanctuaries or tiger
reserve, in the working plan code;

(e) provide information on protection measures including future conservation plan, estimation of

population of tiger and its natural prey species, status of habitats, disease surveillance, mortality
survey, patrolling, reports on untoward happenings and such other management aspects as it may
deem fit including future plan conservation;

(f) approve, co-ordinate research and monitoring on tiger, co-predators, prey, habitat, related

ecological and socio-economic parameters and their evaluation;

(g) ensure that the tiger reserves and areas linking one protected area or tiger reserve with another

protected area or tiger reserve are not diverted for ecologically unsustainable uses, except in public
interest and with the approval of the National Board for Wild Life and on the advice of the Tiger
Conservation Authority;

(h) facilitate and support the tiger reserve management in the State for biodiversity conservation

initiatives through eco-development and people’s participation as per approved management plans
and to support similar initiatives in adjoining areas consistent with the Central and State laws;

(i) ensure critical support including scientific, information technology and legal support for better

implementation of the tiger conservation plan;

(j) facilitate ongoing capacity building programme for skill development of officers and staff of

tiger reserves; and

(k) perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with

regard to conservation of tigers and their habitat.


(2) The Tiger Conservation Authority may, in the exercise of its powers and performance of its

functions under this Chapter, issue directions in writing to any person, officer or authority for the
protection of tiger or tiger reserves and such person, officer or authority shall be bound to comply with
the directions:

Provided that no such direction shall interfere with or affect the rights of local people particularly the

Scheduled Tribes.

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**38P. Procedure to be regulated by Tiger Conservation Authority.—(1) The Tiger Conservation**

Authority shall meet at such time and at such place as the Chairperson may think fit.

(2) The Chairperson or in his absence the Vice-Chairperson shall preside over the meetings of the

Tiger Conservation Authority.

(3) The Tiger Conservation Authority shall regulate its own procedure.

(4) All orders and decisions of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be authenticated by the

Member-Secretary or any other officer of the said Authority duly authorised by the Member-Secretary in
this behalf.

**38Q. Grants and loans to Tiger Conservation Authority and Constitution of Fund.—(1) The**

Central Government may, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the
Tiger Conservation Authority grants and loans of such sums of money as that Government may consider
necessary.

(2) There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Tiger Conservation Authority Fund and there

shall be credited thereto—

(i) any grants and loans made to the Tiger Conservation Authority by the Central Government;


(ii) all fees and charges received by the Tiger Conservation Authority under this Act; and


(iii) all sums received by the Authority from such other sources as may be decided upon by the

Central Government.

(3) The Fund referred to in sub-section (2) shall be applied for meeting salary, allowances and other

remuneration of the members, officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the
expenses of the Tiger Conservation Authority incurred in the discharge of its functions under this
Chapter.

**38R. Accounts and audit of Tiger Conservation Authority.—(1) The Tiger Conservation**

Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual statement of
accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation with the
Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

(2) The accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and

Auditor-General of India at such intervals as may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in
connection with such audit shall be payable by the Tiger Conservation Authority to the Comptroller and
Auditor-General of India.

(3) The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India and any other person appointed by him in

connection with the audit of the accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall have the same rights
and privileges and authority in connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General
generally has in connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the
right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers
and to inspect the office of the Tiger Conservation Authority.

(4) The accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor
General of India or any other person appointed by him in this behalf together with the audit report
thereon, shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government by the Tiger Conservation Authority.

**38S. Annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority.—The Tiger Conservation Authority shall**

prepare in such form and at such time, for each financial year, as may be prescribed, its annual report,
giving a full account of its activities during the previous financial year and forward a copy thereof to the
Central Government.

**38T. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament.—The Central Government**

shall cause the annual report together with a memorandum of action taken on the recommendations
contained therein, insofar as they relate to the Central Government, and the reasons for the nonacceptance, if any, of any of such recommendations, and the audit report to be laid, as soon as may be
after the reports are received, before each House of Parliament.

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**38U. Constitution of Steering Committee.—(1) The State Government may constitute a Steering**

Committee for ensuring co-ordination, monitoring, protection and conservation of tiger, co-predators and
prey animals within the tiger range States.


(2) The Steering Committee shall consists of—


(a) the Chief Minister —Chairperson;

(b) the Minister in-charge of Wild Life —Vice-Chairperson;

(c) such number of official members not exceeding five including at least two Field Directors of

tiger reserve or Director of National Park and one from the State Government’s Departments dealing
with tribal affairs;

(d) three experts or professionals having qualifications and experience in conservation of wild life

of which at least one shall be from the field of tribal development,


(e) two members from the State’s Tribal Advisory Council;


(f) one representative each from State Government’s Departments dealing with Panchayati Raj

and Social Justice and Empowerment;

(g) Chief Wild Life Warden of the State shall be the Member-Secretary, ex officio,

to be notified by the State Government, in the Official Gazette.

**38V. Tiger Conservation Plan.—(1) The State Government shall, on the recommendation of the**

Tiger Conservation Authority, notify an area as a tiger reserve.

(2) The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections

30,32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 of this Act shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a tiger
reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.

(3) The State Government shall prepare a Tiger Conservation Plan including staff development and

deployment plan for the proper management of each area referred to in sub-section (1), so as to ensure—

(a) protection of tiger reserve and providing site specific habitat inputs for a viable population of

tigers, co-predators and prey animals without distorting the natural prey-predator ecological cycle in
the habitat;

(b) ecologically compatible land uses in the tiger reserves and areas linking one protected area or

tiger reserve with another for addressing the livelihood concerns of local people, so as to provide
dispersal habitats and corridor for spill over population of wild animals from the designated core
areas of tiger reserves or from tiger breeding habitats within other protected areas;

(c) the forestry operations of regular forest divisions and those adjoining tiger reserves are not

incompatible with the needs of tiger conservation.

(4) Subject to the provisions contained in this Act, the State Government shall, while preparing a

Tiger Conservation Plan, ensure the agricultural, livelihood, developmental and other interests of the
people living in tiger bearing forests or a tiger reserve,

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, the expression “tiger reserve” includes—_

(i) core or critical tiger habitat areas of National Parks and sanctuaries, where it has been

established, on the basis of scientific and objective criteria, that such areas are required to be kept as
inviolate for the purposes of tiger conservation, without affecting the rights of the Scheduled Tribes
or such other forest dwellers, and. notified as such by the State Government in consultation with an
Expert Committee constituted for the purpose;

(ii) buffer or peripheral area consisting of the area peripheral to critical tiger habitat or core area,

identified and established in accordance with the provisions contained in Explanation (i) above,
where a lesser degree of habitat protection is required to ensure the integrity of the critical tiger
habitat with adequate dispersal for tiger species, and which aim at promoting co-existence between
wildlife and human activity with due recognition of the livelihood, developmental, social and cultural

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rights of the local people, wherein the limits of such areas are determined on the basis of scientific
and objective criteria in consultation with the concerned Gram Sabha and an Expert Committee
constituted for the purpose.

(5) Save as for voluntary relocation on mutually agreed terms and conditions, provided that such

terms and conditions satisfy the requirements laid down in this sub-section, no Scheduled Tribes or other
forest dwellers shall be resettled or have their rights adversely affected for the purpose of creating
inviolate areas for tiger conservation unless—

(i) the process of recognition and determination of rights and acquisition of land or forest rights of

the Scheduled Tribes and such other forest dwelling persons is complete;

(ii) the concerned agencies of the State Government, in exercise of their powers under this Act,

establishes with the consent of the Scheduled Tribes and such other forest dwellers in the area, and in
consultation with an ecological and social scientist familiar with the area, that the activities of the
Scheduled Tribes and other forest dwellers or the impact of their presence upon wild animals is
sufficient to cause irreversible damage and shall threaten the existence of tigers and their habitat;

(iii) the State Government, after obtaining the consent of the Scheduled Tribes and other forest

dwellers inhabiting the area, and in consultation with an independent ecological and social scientist
familiar with the area, has come to a conclusion that other reasonable options of co-existence, are not
available;

(iv) resettlement or alternative package has been prepared providing for livelihood for the

affected individuals and communities and fulfils the requirements given in the National Relief and
Rehabilitation Policy;

(v) the informed consent of the Gram Sabha concerned, and of the persons affected, to the

resettlement programme has been obtained; and

(vi) the facilities and land allocation at the resettlement location are provided under the said

programme, otherwise their existing rights shall not be interfered with.

**38W. Alteration and de-notification of tiger reserves.—(1) No alteration in the boundaries of a**

tiger reserve shall be made except on a recommendation of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the
approval of the National Board for Wild Life.

(2) No State Government shall de-notify a tiger reserve, except in public interest with the approval of

the Tiger Conservation Authority and the National Board for Wild Life.

**38X. Establishment of Tiger Conservation Foundation.—(1) The State Government shall establish**

a Tiger Conservation Foundation for tiger reserves within the State in order to facilitate and support their
management for conservation of tiger and biodiversity and, to take initiatives in eco-development by
involvement of people in such development process.

(2) The Tiger Conservation Foundation shall, inter alia, have the following objectives:—


(a) to facilitate ecological, economic, social and cultural development in the tiger reserves;


(b) to promote eco-tourism with the involvement of local stake-holder communities and provide

support to safeguard the natural environment in the tiger reserves;

(c) to facilitate the creation of, and or maintenance of, such assets as may be necessary for

fulfilling the above said objectives;

(d) to solicit technical, financial, social, legal and other support required for the activities of the

Foundation for achieving the above said objectives;

(e) to augment and mobilise financial resources including recycling of entry and such other fees

received in a tiger reserve, to foster stake-holder development and eco-tourism;

(f) to support research, environmental education and training in the above related fields.

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1[38XA. Provisions of Chapter to be in addition to provisions relating to sanctuaries and

**National Park.— The provisions contained in this Chapter shall be in addition to, and not in derogation**
of, the provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Parks (whether included and declared, or are in the
process of being so declared) included in a tiger reserve under this Act.]


CHAPTER IVC


2[WILD LIFE] CRIME CONTROL BUREAU


**38Y. Constitution of [3][Wild Life] Crime Control Bureau.—The Central Government may, for the**

purposes of this Act, by order published in the Official Gazette, constitute a [4]*** Wildlife Crime Control
Bureau consisting of—

(a) the Director of Wildlife Preservation—Director ex officio;

(b) the Inspector-General of Police—Additional Director;


(c) the Deputy Inspector-General of Police—Joint Director;


(d) the Deputy Inspector-General of Forests—Joint Director;

(e) the Additional Commissioner (Customs and [5][Central Goods and Services Tax]—Joint

Director; and

(f) such other officers as may be appointed from amongst the officers covered under sections 3

and 4 of this Act.


**38Z. Powers and functions of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.—(1) Subject to the provisions**

of this Act, the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau shall take measures with respect to—

(i) collect and collate intelligence related to organized wildlife crime activities and to disseminate

the same to State and other enforcement agencies for immediate action, so as to apprehend the
criminals and to establish a centralised wildlife crime data bank;

(ii) co-ordination of actions by various officers, State Governments and other authorities in

connection with the enforcement of the provisions of this Act, either directly or through regional and
border units set up by the Bureau;

(iii) implementation of obligations under the various international Conventions and protocols that

are in force at present or which may be ratified or acceded to by India in future;

(iv) assistance to concerned authorities in foreign countries and concerned international

organisations to facilitate co-ordination and universal action for wildlife crime control;

(v) develop infrastructure and capacity building for scientific and professional investigation into

wildlife crimes and assist State Governments to ensure success in prosecutions related to wildlife
crimes;

(vi) advice the Government of India on issues relating to wildlife crimes having national and

international ramifications, and suggest changes required in relevant policy and laws from time to
time.


(2) The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau shall exercise—


(i) such powers as may be delegated to it under sub-section (1) of section 5, sub-sections (1)

and (8) of section 50 and section 55 of this Act; and


(ii) such other powers as may be prescribed.]


1. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 19 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Subs. by s. 20, ibid., for “TIGER AND OTHER ENDANGERED SPECIES” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by s. 21, ibid., for “Tiger and other Endangered Species” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. The words “Tiger and other Endangered Species Crime Control Bureau to be known as the” omitted by s. 21, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4
2023).

5. Subs. by s. 21, ibid., for “Central Excise” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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CHAPTER V

TRADE OR COMMERCE IN WILD ANIMALS, ANIMAL ARTICLES AND TROPHIES

**39. Wild animals, etc., to be Government property.—(1) Every—**

(a) wild animal, other than vermin, which is hunted under section 11 or sub-section (1) of section

29 or sub-section (6) of section 35 or kept or [1][bred in captivity or hunted] in contravention of any
provision of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder or found dead, or killed [2]*** or by
mistake; and

(b) animal article, trophy or uncured trophy or meat derived from any wild animal referred to in

clause (a) in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has
been committed,

3[(c) ivory imported into India and an article made from such ivory in respect of which any

offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed;

(d) vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool that has been used for committing an offence and has

been seized under the provisions of this Act.]

shall be the property of the State Government, and, wheresuch animal is hunted in a sanctuary or National
Park declared by the Central Government, such animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or
meat [4][derived from such animal or any vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool used in such hunting] shall
be the property of the Central Government.

(2) Amy person who obtains, by any means, the possession of Government property, shall, within

forty-eight hours from obtaining such possession, make a report as to the obtaining of such possession to
the, nearest police station or the authorised officer and shall, if so required, hand over such property to the
officer-in-charge of such police station or such authorised officer, as the case may be.

(3) No person shall, without the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the

authorised officer—

(a) acquire or keep in his possession, custody or control, or

(b) transfer to any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or

(c) destroy or damage, such Government property.

5[(4) Where any such Government property is a live animal, the State Government shall ensure that it

is housed and cared for by a recognised zoo or rescue centre when it can not be released to its natural
habitat.

(5) Any such animal article, trophy or uncured trophy or meat derived from any wild animal, as

referred to in sub-sections (1) and (2) may be disposed of by the State Government or the Central
Government, as the case may be, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:

Provided that such disposal shall not include any commercial sale or auction and no certificate of

ownership shall be issued for such disposal.]

**40. Declarations.—(1) Every person having at the commencement of this Act the control, custody or**

possession of any captive animal specified in Schedule I [6]***, [7][or animal article, trophy or uncured
trophy] derived from such animal or salted or dried skins of such animal or the musk of a musk deer or
the horn of a rhinoceros, shall, within thirty days from the commencement of this Act, declare to the
Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer the number and description of the animal, or article of

1. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 27, for “bred in captivity” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. The words “without a licence or” omitted by s. 27, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Ins. by s. 27, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 27, for “derived from such animal” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 22 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
6. The words and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by s. 23, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
7. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 25, for “or any uncured trophy” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

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the foregoing description under his control, custody or possession and the place where such animal or
article is kept.

(2) No person shall, after the commencement of this Act, acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody

or possession, sell, offer for sale or 420 otherwise transfer or transport any animal specified in Schedule I
1*** or any uncured trophy or meat derived from such animal, or the salted or dried skins of such animal
or the musk of a musk deer or the horn of a rhinoceros, except with the previous permission in writing of
the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.

2[(2A) No person other than a person having a certificate of ownership, shall, after the commencement

of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003) acquire, receive, keep in his control,
custody or possession any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy specified in Schedule I
1***, except by way of inheritance.

(2B) Every person inheriting any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy under

sub-section (2A) shall, within ninety days of such inheritance make a declaration to the Chief Wild Life
Warden or the authorised officer and the provisions of sections 41 and 42 shall apply as if the declaration
had been made under sub-section (1) of section 40:

Provided that nothing in sub-sections (2A) and (2B) shall apply to the live elephant.]

3[(3) Nothing in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall apply to a recognised zoo subject to the

provisions of section 38-I or to a public museum.]

(4) The State Government may, by notification, require any person to declare to the Chief Wild Life

Warden or the authorised officer [4][any animal or animal article] or trophy (other than a musk of a musk
deer or horn of a rhinoceros) or salted or dried skins derived from an animal specified in Schedule I [1]***
in his control, custody or possession in such form, in such manner, and within such time, as may be
prescribed.

**5[40A. Immunity in certain cases.—(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (2) and**

(4) of section 40 of this Act, the Central Government may, by notification, require any person to declare
to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer, any captive animal, animal article, trophy or
uncured trophy derived from animals specified in Schedule I [6]*** in his control, custody or possession, in
respect of which no declaration had been made under sub-section (1) or

sub-section (4) of section 40, in such form, in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed.

(2) Any action taken or purported to be taken for violation of section 40 of this Act at any time before

the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003) shall not be
proceeded with and all pending proceedings shall stand abated.

(3) Any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy declared under sub-section (1), shall

be dealt with in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.]

**41. Inquiry and preparation of inventories.—(1) On receipt of a declaration made under section**

40, the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, after such notice, in such manner and at
such time, as may be prescribed,—

(a) enter upon the premises of a person referred to in section 40;

(b) make inquiries and prepare inventories of animal articles, trophies, uncured trophies, salted

and dried skins and captive animals specified in Schedule I [7]*** and found thereon; and

(c) affix upon the animals, animal articles, trophies or uncured trophies identification marks in

such manner as may be prescribed.

1. The words and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 23 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 25, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 28, for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 25, for “any animal article” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
5. Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
6. The words and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by s. 24, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
7. The words and figures “and Part II of Schedule II” omitted by s. 25, ibid, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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(2) No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in this Chapter.

**42. Certificate of ownership.—The Chief Wild Life Warden may, for the purposes of section 40,**

issue a certificate of ownership in such form, as may be prescribed to any person who, in his opinion, is in
lawful possession of any wild animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy and may, where
possible, mark, in the prescribed manner, such animal article, trophy or uncured trophy for purposes of
identification.

1[Provided that before issuing the certificate of ownership in respect of any captive animal, the Chief

Wild Life Warden shall ensure that the applicant has adequate facilities for housing, maintenance and
upkeep of the animal.]

2[42A. Surrender of captive animals, animal article, etc.— (1) Any person having a certificate of

ownership in respect of any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy, meat or ivory
imported into India or an article made from such ivory, and who is not desirous of keeping it in his
control, custody or possession may, after giving notice of seven working days to the Chief Wild Life
Warden, surrender the same to him and any such certificate of ownership shall stand cancelled from the
date of such surrender.

(2) No compensation shall be payable to any person for surrender of any such animal, article, trophy,

meat or ivory to the Chief Wild Life Warden under sub-section (1).

(3) Any such animal, article, trophy, meat or ivory surrendered under this section shall become the

property of the State Government and the provisions of section 39 shall apply.]

**3[43. Regulation of transfer of animal, etc.—(1) No person having in his possession captive animal,**

animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which he has a certificate of ownership shall transfer
by way of sale or offer for sale or by any other mode of consideration of commercial nature, such animal
or article or trophy or uncured trophy.

(2) Where a person transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State or

acquires by transfer from outside the State, any such animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in
respect of which he has a certificate of ownership, he shall, within thirty days of the transfer or transport,
report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose
jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected.

4[Provided that the transfer or transport of a captive elephant for a religious or any other purpose by a

person having a valid certificate of ownership shall be subject to such terms and conditions as may be
prescribed by the Central Government.]

(3) Nothing in this section shall apply—

(a) to tail feather of peacock and the animal article or trophies made therefrom;

(b) to transfer of captive animals between recognised zoos subject to the provisions of

section 38-I, and transfer amongst zoos and public museums.]

**44. Dealings in trophy and animal articles without licence prohibited.—[5][(1) Subject to the**

provisions of Chapter VA, no person shall, except under and in accordance with, a licence granted under
sub-section (4)]—

(a) commence or carry on the business as—

(i) a manufacturer of or dealer In, any animal article; or

6***

(ii) a taxidermist; or

1. Added by Act 16 of 2003, s. 27, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 26 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 28, for section 43 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
4. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 27 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
5. Subs. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 2, for certain words (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
6. Sub-clause (ia) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 30 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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(iii) a dealer in trophy or uncured trophy; or

(iv) a dealer In captive animals; or

(v) a dealer In meat; or

(b) cook or serve meat In any eating-house:

1[(c) derive, collect or prepare or deal in snake venom;]

Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall prevent a person, who, immediately before the

commencement of this Act was carrying on the business or occupation specified in this sub-section, from
carrying on such business or occupation for a period of thirty days from such commencement, or where
he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted
to him or he is informed In writing that a licence cannot be granted to him:

2[Provided further that nothing in this sub-section shall apply to the dealers in tail feathers of peacock

and articles made therefrom and the manufactures of such articles.]

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, “eating-house” includes a hotel, restaurant or any_

other place where any eatable is served on payment, whether or not such payment is separately made for
such eatable or is included in the amount charged for board and lodging.

(2) Every manufacturer of, or dealer in, animal article, or every dealer in captive animals, trophies or

uncured trophies, or every taxidermist shall, within fifteen days from the commencement of this Act,
declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden his stocks of animals articles, captive animals, trophies and
uncured trophies, as the case may be, as on the date of such declaration and the Chief Wild Life Warden
or the Authorised officer may place an identification mark on every animal article, captive animal, trophy
or uncured trophy, as the case may be.

(3) Every person referred to in sub-section (1) who intends to obtain a licence, shall[3]*** make an

application to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer for the grant of a licence.

(4) (a) Every application referred to in sub-section (3) shall be made In such form and on payment of

such fee as may be prescribed, to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.

4[(b) No licence referred to in sub-section (1) shall be granted unless the Chief Wild Life Warden or

the authorised officer having regard to the antecedents and previous experience of the applicant, the
implication which the grant of such licence would have on the status of wild life and to such other matters
as may be prescribed in this behalf and after making such inquiry in respect of those matters as he may
think fit, is satisfied that the licence should be granted.]

(5) Every licence granted under this section shall specify the premises in which and the conditions, if

any, subject to, which the licensee shall carry on his business.

(6) Every licence granted under this section shall—

(a) be valid for one year from the date of its grant;

(b) not be transferable; and

(c) be renewable for a period not exceeding one year at a time.

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 30 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Subs. by s. 30, ibid., for the second proviso (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Certain word omitted by Act 23 of 1982, s. 3 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
4. Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (b) (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).

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(7) No application for the renewal of a licence shall be rejected unless the holder of such licence has

been given a reasonable opportunity of presenting his case and unless the Chief Wild Life Warden or the
authorised officer is satisfied that—

(i) the application for such renewal has been made after the expiry of the period specified

therefor, or

(ii) any statement made by the applicant at the time of the grant or renewal of the licence was

incorrect or false in material particulars, or

(iii) the applicant has contravened any term or condition of the licence or any provision of this

Act or any rule made thereunder, or

(iv) the applicant does not fulfil the prescribed conditions.

(8) Every order granting or rejecting an application for the grant or renewal of a licence shall be made

in writing.

(9) Nothing in the foregoing sub-sections shall apply in relation to vermin.

**45. Suspension or cancellation of licences.—Subject to any general or special order of the State**

Government, the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, for reasons to be recorded by
him in writing, suspend or cancel any licence granted or renewed under section 44:

Provided that no such suspension or cancellation shall be made except after giving the holder of the

licence a reasonable opportunity of being heard.

**46. Purchase.—(1) An appeal from an order refusing to grant or renew a licence under section 44 or**

an order suspending or cancelling a licence under section 45 shall lie—

(a) if the order is made by the authorised officer, to the Chief Wild Life Warden; or

(b) if the order is made by the Chief Wild Life Warden, to the State Government.

(2) In the case of an order passed in appeal by the Chief Wild Life Warden under clause (a) of

sub-section (1), a second appeal shall lie to the State Government.

(3) Subject as aforesaid, every order passed in appeal under this section shall be final.

(4) An appeal under this section shall be preferred within thirty days from the date of the

communication, to the applicant, of the order appealed against:

Provided that the appellate authority may admit any appeal preferred after the expiry of the period

aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal in time.

**47. Maintenance of records.—A licensee under this Chapter shall—**

(a) keep records, and submit such returns of his dealings, as may be prescribed,—

(i) to the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf, and

(ii) to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer; and

(b) make such records available on demand for inspection by such officers.

**48. Purchase of animals, etc., by licensee.—No licensee under this Chapter shall—**

(a) keep in his control, custody or possession,—

(i) any animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which a declaration

under the provisions of sub-section (2) of section 44 has to be made but has not been made;

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(ii) any animal or animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat which has not been lawfully

acquired under the provisions of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder;

(b) (i) capture any wild animal, or

(ii) acquire, receive keep in his control, custody or possession, or sell, offer for sale or

transport, any captive animal specified in Schedule I [1]*** or any animal article trophy, uncured
trophy or meat derived therefrom or serve such meat, or put under a process of taxidermy or make
animal article containing part or whole of such animal,

except in accordance with such rules as may be made tinder this Act;

Provided that where the acquisition or, possession, control or custody of such animal or animal

article, trophy or uncured trophy entails the transfer or transport from one State to another, no such
transfer or transport shall be effected except with the previous permission in writing of the Director or
any other officer authorised by him in this behalf:

Provided further that no such permission under the foregoing proviso shall be granted unless the

Director or the officer authorised by him is satisfied that the animal or article aforesaid has been lawfully
acquired.

**2[48A. Restriction on transportation of wild life.—No person shall accept any wild animal (other**

than vermin), or any animal article, or any specified plant or part or derivative thereof, for transportation
except after exercising due care to ascertain that permission from the Chief Wild Life Warden or any
other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf has been obtained for such transportation.]

**49. Purchase of captive animal, etc., by a person other than a licensee.—No person shall**

purchase, receive or acquire any captive animal, wild animal, other than vermin, or any animal article,
trophy, uncured trophy or meat derived therefrom otherwise than from a dealer or from a person
authorised to sell or otherwise transfer the same under this Act:

3[Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to a recognised zoo subject to the provisions of

section 38-1 or to a public museum.]

4[CHAPTER VA

PROHIBITION OF TRADE OR COMMERCE IN TROPHIES, ANIMAL ARTICLES,

ETC., DERIVED FROM CERTAIN ANIMALS

**49A. Definitions.—In this Chapter,—**

(a) “Scheduled animal” means an animal specified for the time being in Schedule I [5]***;

(b) “Scheduled animal article” means an article made from any Scheduled animal and includes an

article or object in which the whole or any part of such animal [6][has been used but does not include
tail feather of peacook, an article or trophy made therefrom and snake venom or its derivative.]

(c) “Specified date” means—

(i) in relation to a scheduled animal on the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection)

(Amendment) Act, 1986, the date of expiry of two months from such commencement; [7]***

(ii) in relation to any animal added or transferred to Scheduled I [5]*** at any time after such

commencement, the date of expiry of two months from such addition or transfer.

1. The words and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 28 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 31 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for the proviso (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Ins. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 3 (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
5. The word and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 29 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
6. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 33, for “has been used” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. The word “and” omitted by s. 33, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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1[(iii) in relation ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, the date of

expiry of six months from the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act,
1991 (44 of 1991).]

**49B. Prohibition of dealings in trophies, animal articles, etc., derived from scheduled**

**animals.—(1) Subject to the other provisions of this Section, on and after the specified date, no person**
shall—

(a) commence or carry on the business as—

(i) a manufacturer of, or dealer in, scheduled animal articles; or

2[ia) a dealer in ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom or a manufacturer of

such articles; or]

(ii) a taxidermist with respect to any scheduled animals or any parts of such animals; or

(iii) a dealer in trophy or uncured trophy derived from any scheduled animal; or

(iv) a dealer in any captive animals being scheduled animals; or

(v) a dealer in meat derived from any scheduled animal; or

(b) cook or serve meat derived from any scheduled animal in any eating-house.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, “eating-house” has the same meaning as_

in the Explanation below sub-section (1) of Section 44.

(2) Subject to the other provisions of this section, no licence granted or renewed under Section 44

before the specified date shall entitle the holder thereof or any other person to commence or carry on the
business referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1) of this section or the occupation referred to in
clause (b) of that sub-section after such date.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), where the Central

Government is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient so to do in the public interest, it may, by general
or special order published in the official Gazette, exempt, for purposes of export, any corporation owned
or controlled by the Central Government (including a Government company within the meaning of
section 617 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), or any society registered under the Societies
Registration Act, 1860 (21 of 1860), or any other law for the time being in force, wholly or substantially
financed by the Central Government, from the provisions of sub-sections (1) and (2).

(4) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), but subject to any rules

which may be made in this behalf, a person holding a licence under Section 44 to carry on the business as
a taxidermist may put under a process of taxidermy any scheduled animal or any part thereof—

(a) for or on behalf of the Government or any corporation or society exempted under

sub-section (3), or

(b) with the previous authorisation in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden, for and on behalf of

any person for educational or scientific purposes.

**49C. Declaration by dealers.—(1) Every person carrying on the business or occupation referred to**

in sub-section (1) of Section 49B shall, within thirty days from the specified date declare to the Chief
Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer—

(a) his stocks, if any, as at the end of the specified date of—

(i) scheduled animal articles;

(ii) scheduled animals and parts thereof;

(iii) trophies and uncured trophies derived from scheduled animals;

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 33 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Ins. by s. 34, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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(iv) captive animals being scheduled animals;

1[(v) ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom;]

(b) the place or places at which the stocks mentioned in the declaration are kept; and

(c) the description of such items, if any, the stocks mentioned in the declaration which he desires

to retain with himself for his bona fide personal use.

(2) On receipt of a declaration under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised

officer may take all or any of the measures specified in section 41 and for this purpose, the provisions of
section 41 shall, so far as may be, apply.

(3) Where, in a declaration made under sub-section (1), the person making the declaration expresses

his desire to retain with himself any of the items of the stocks specified in the declaration for his bona fide
personal use, the Chief Wild Life Warden, with the prior approval of the Director, may, if he is satisfied
that the person is in lawful possession of such items, issue certificates of ownership in favour of such
person with respect to all, or as the case may be, such of the items as in the opinion of the Chief Wild Life
Warden, are required for the _bona fide personal use of such person and affix upon such items_
identification marks in such manner as may be prescribed:

Provided that no such item shall be kept in any commercial premises.

(4) No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in sub-section (3).

(5) An appeal shall lie against any refusal to grant certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) and

the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 46 shall, so far as may be, apply in relation to
appeals under this sub-section.

(6) Where a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) in respect of

any item—

(a) transfers such item to any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or

(b) transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State any such item,

he shall, within thirty days of such transfer or transport, report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild
Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected.

(7) No person, other than a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under

sub-section (3), shall on and after the specified date keep under his control, sell or offer for sale or
transfer to any person [2][any scheduled animal, a scheduled animal article, or ivory imported into India or
any article made therefrom.]

3[CHAPTER VB

REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA

AND FLORA AS PER CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED

SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA

**49D. Definitions. —In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,—**

(a) “artificially propagated” means plants which have been grown under controlled conditions

from plant materials grown under similar conditions;

(b) “bred in captivity” means produced from parents in captivity;

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 35 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Subs. by s. 35, ibid., for “any scheduled animal or a scheduled animal article” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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(c) “Convention” means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild

Fauna and Flora signed at Washington D.C., in the United States of America on the 3rd of March,
1973, and amended at Bonn on the 22nd of June, 1979, its appendices, decisions, resolutions and
notifications made thereunder and its amendments, to the extent binding on India;

(d) “export” means export from India to any other country of a specimen;

(e) “import” means import into India from any other country of a specimen;

(f) “introduction from the sea” means transportation into India of specimens of any species which

were taken from the marine environment not under the jurisdiction of India or any other country;

(g) “Management Authority” means the Management Authority designated under section 49E;

(h) “readily recognisable part or derivative” includes any specimen which appears from an

accompanying document, the packaging or a mark or label, or from any other circumstances, to be a
part or derivative of an animal or plant of a species listed in Schedule IV;

(i) “re-export” means export of any specimen that has previously been imported;

(j) “Scientific Authority” means a Scientific Authority designated under section 49F;

(k) “scheduled specimen” means any specimen of a species listed in Appendices I, II or III of the

Convention and incorporated as such in Schedule IV;

(l) “species” means any species, sub-species, or geographically separate population thereof;

(m) “specimen” means—

(i) any animal or plant, whether alive or dead;

(ii) in the case of an animal,—

(A) for species included in Appendices I and II of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable

part or derivative thereof;

(B) for species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or

derivative thereof specified in Appendix III of Schedule IV in relation to the species; and

(iii) in the case of a plant,—

(A) for species included in Appendix I of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or

derivative thereof;

(B) for species included in Appendices II and III of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable

part or derivative thereof specified in Appendices II and III of Schedule IV in relation to the
species;

(n) “trade” means export, re-export, import and introduction from the sea.

**49E. Designation of Management Authority. — (1) The Central Government shall, by notification,**

designate an officer not below the rank of an Additional Director General of Forests as the Management
Authority for discharging the functions and exercising the powers under this Act.

(2) The Management Authority shall be responsible for issuance of permits and certificates for trade

of scheduled specimens in accordance with the Convention, submission of reports, and shall perform such
other functions as may be necessary to implement the provisions of the Convention.

(3) The Management Authority shall prepare and submit annual and biennial reports to the Central

Government.

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(4) The Central Government may appoint such officers and employees as may be necessary to assist

the Management Authority in discharging its functions or exercising its powers under this Chapter, on
such terms and conditions of service including salaries and allowances as may be prescribed.

(5) The Management Authority may, with the prior approval of the Central Government, delegate its

functions or powers, to such officers not below the rank of the Assistant Inspector General of Forests, as it
may consider necessary for the purposes of this Chapter.

**49F. Designation of Scientific Authority.—(1) The Central Government shall, by notification,**

designate one or more institutes engaged in research on species as Scientific Authority for the purposes of
this Chapter, for fulfilling the functions under the Convention.

(2) The designated Scientific Authority shall advise the Management Authority in such matters as

may be referred to it by the Management Authority.

(3) The Scientific Authority shall monitor the export permits granted for specimens of species listed

in Appendix II of Schedule IV and the actual export of such specimens.

(4) Whenever a Scientific Authority is of the opinion that the export of specimens of such species

requires to be limited in order to maintain that species throughout its range at a level consistent with its
role in the ecosystems in which it occurs and well above the level at which that species might become
eligible for inclusion in Appendix I of the Convention, it shall advise the Management Authority to take
such appropriate measures to limit the grant of export permits for specimens of that species as the
Scientific Authority may deem necessary for said purpose.

**49G. Directions of Central Government. —The Management Authority and the Scientific**

Authorities, shall, while performing their duties and exercising powers under this Chapter, be subject to
such general or special directions, as the Central Government may, from time to time, give.

**49H. International trade in scheduled specimen and restriction in respect thereof.—(1) No**

person shall engage in trade of scheduled specimens except as provided for under this Chapter.

(2) The Central Government shall prescribe the conditions and procedures by which the exemptions

contained in Article VII of the Convention may be availed.

(3) Every person engaging in trade of a scheduled specimen shall report the details of the scheduled

specimen and the transaction to the Management Authority or the officer authorised by it in such manner
as may be prescribed.

(4) Every person engaging in trade of a scheduled specimen, shall present it for clearance to the

Management Authority or the officer authorised by it or a customs officer only at the ports of exit and
entry as may be specified by the Central Government.

(5) The form and manner of making an application for a permit or certificate to trade in a scheduled

specimen, the fee payable therefor, the conditions subject to which the permit or certificate may be
granted, and the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling such permit or certificate, shall be
such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

**49-I. Conditions for export of scheduled specimens.—(1) The export of any specimen of species**

included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an export
permit.

(2) The export of any specimen of species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV shall require the

prior grant and presentation of an export permit if the species has been listed in Appendix III of the
Convention by India or a certificate of origin in other cases.

(3) An export permit shall not be granted unless—

(a) the Management Authority is satisfied that the specimen concerned has not been obtained in

contravention of any law for the time being in force relating to protection of fauna and flora;

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(b) the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be so prepared and

shipped as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment;

(c) in the case of a specimen of a species listed in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV, the

Scientific Authority has advised that the export will not be detrimental to the survival of that species;
and

(d) in the case of specimens of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, an import permit has

been granted by the competent authority of the country of destination.

**49J. Conditions for import of scheduled specimens.— (1) The import of any specimen of a species**

included in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an import permit
and either an export permit or a re-export certificate from the country of export.

(2) An import permit for a specimen of a species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall not be

granted unless—

(a) the Management Authority is satisfied that the specimen concerned will not be used for

primarily commercial purposes;

(b) the Scientific Authority has advised that the import will be for purposes which are not

detrimental to the survival of the species; and

(c) the Scientific Authority is satisfied that the proposed recipient of a living specimen is suitably

equipped to house and care for it.

(3) The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix II of Schedule IV shall require the

prior presentation of either an export permit or a re-export certificate issued by the country of export.

(4) The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV shall require the

prior presentation of—

(a) a certificate of origin; or

(b) in the case where the import is from a country which has included the species in Appendix III

of the Convention, an export permit; or

(c) a re-export certificate granted by the country of re-export.

**49K. Conditions for re-export of scheduled specimens.—(1) The re-export of any specimen of**

species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of a
re-export certificate.

(2) A re-export certificate shall not be granted unless—

(a) the Management Authority is satisfied that any specimen to be re-exported was imported in

accordance with the provisions of this Chapter and of the Convention;

(b) the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be so prepared and

shipped as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment; and

(c) in the case of any living specimen of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, the

Management Authority is satisfied that an import permit has been granted.

**49L. Conditions for introduction from sea of scheduled specimens.—(1) The introduction from**

the sea of a specimen of a species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior
grant and presentation of a certificate of introduction from the sea.

(2) A certificate of introduction from the sea shall not be granted unless—

(a) the Scientific Authority has advised that the introduction of any specimen will not be

detrimental to the survival of the species;

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(b) in the case of a specimen of a species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, the

Management Authority is satisfied that it is not to be used for primarily commercial purposes and
that the proposed recipient of any living specimen is suitably equipped to house and care for it;
and

(c) in the case of a living specimen of a species listed in Appendix II of Schedule IV, the

Management Authority is satisfied that it will be so handled as to minimise the risk of injury,
damage to health or cruel treatment.

**49M. Possession, transfer and breeding of living scheduled animal species. — (1) Every person**

possessing a living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV shall report the details of such
specimen or specimens in his possession to the Management Authority or the authorised officer:

Provided that the Central Government may exempt one or more specimens of any animal species

included in Schedule IV from such declaration for such quantity and for such period as it may deem fit.

(2) The Management Authority or the authorised officer may, on being satisfied that a person was in

possession of a living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which had not been obtained in
contravention of any law relating to protection of fauna and flora, issue a registration certificate allowing
the owner to retain such specimen.

(3) Any person who transfers possession, by any means whatsoever, of any living specimen of an

animal species listed in Schedule IV shall report the details to the Management Authority or the
authorised officer.

(4) The Management Authority or the authorised officer shall register all transfers of living specimens

of animal species listed in Schedule IV and issue the transferee with a registration certificate.

(5) Any person in possession of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which

bears any offspring shall report the birth of such offspring to the Management Authority or the authorised
officer.

(6) The Management Authority or the authorised officer shall on receipt of the report under sub
section (5) register any offspring born to any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV
and issue the owner with a registration certificate.

(7) Any person in possession of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which

dies shall report such death to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.

(8) No person shall possess, transfer or breed any living specimen of any animal species listed in

Schedule IV except in conformity with this section and the rules made by the Central Government in this
behalf.

(9) The form, manner and period for reporting possession, transfers, and births, deaths, and

registration of the same under this section shall be as prescribed by the Central Government.

**49N. Application for Licence by breeders of Appendix I species.—(1) Every person who is**

engaged in breeding in captivity or artificially propagating any scheduled specimen listed in Appendix I
of Schedule IV shall make, within a period of ninety days of the commencement of the Wild Life
(Protection) Amendment Act, 2022, an application for a licence to the Chief Wild Life Warden.

(2) The form and manner of the application to be made to the Chief Wild Life Warden under

sub-section (1), the fee payable, the form of licence, the procedure to be followed in granting or
cancelling the licence shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.

**49-O. Licence of breeders of Appendix I species.— (1) On receipt of application under**

sub-section (1) of section 49N, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall, if—

(a) the application is in the prescribed form;

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(b) the resolutions of the Convention relating to breeding in captivity or artificial propagation of

species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV are satisfied; and

(c) the provisions of the Act and rules made thereunder have been duly complied with,

record an entry of the statement in a register and grant the applicant a licence.

(2) The Chief Wild Life Warden shall, if the provisions or resolutions of the Convention or this Act

and any rules made hereunder have not been complied with, or if a false particular is furnished, refuse or
cancel the licence as the case may be after providing the applicant with an opportunity of being heard.

(3) The licence under sub-section (1) shall be issued for a period of two years and may be renewed

after two years on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.

(4) Any person aggrieved by the refusal of the Chief Wild Life Warden or cancellation of licence

under sub-section (2) may prefer an appeal to the State Government within a period of sixty days in such
manner as may be prescribed.

**49P. Prohibition on alteration, etc.— No person shall alter, deface, erase or remove a mark of**

identification affixed upon the scheduled specimen or its package.

**49Q. Species and scheduled specimens to be Government property.— (1) Every species or**

scheduled specimen, in respect of which any offence against this Act or rules made thereunder has been
committed, shall become the property of the Central Government and the provisions of section 39 shall,
without prejudice to the Customs Act, 1962 (52 of 1962), apply, mutatis mutandis, in relation to species
and scheduled specimens as they apply in relation to wild animals, captive animals and animal articles.

(2) Where a living specimen of a species listed in Schedule IV has been seized under this Act or the

Customs Act, 1962 (52 of 1962) or any other law for the time being in force as a result of import into
India in contravention of this Act, the Management Authority shall, after consultation with the country of
export, return the specimen to that country at the expense of that country, or ensure that it is housed and
cared for by a recognised zoo or rescue centre in case it cannot be returned to the country of export.

(3) The Management Authority may for such purposes consult the Scientific Authority as it deems

appropriate.

**49R. Application of provisions of Act in respect of species listed in Schedule I or II and**

**Schedule IV. — (1) Where the same species is listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV, then, the**
provisions of this Act applicable to such species listed in Schedule I or II and the rules made thereunder
shall apply.

(2) Nothing in sections 49M, 49N or 49-O shall apply to a species listed in Schedule I or Schedule II

if the same species is also listed in Scheduled IV.

(3) The provisions of this Chapter shall be subject to the provisions of Chapters III, IIIA, IVA, V, VA

and VIA and without prejudice to anything contained therein.]

CHAPTER VI

PREVENTION AND DETECTION OF OFFENCES

**50. Power of entry, search, arrest and detention.—(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any**

other law for the time being in force, the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf [1][or
the Management Authority or any officer authorised by the Management Authority] or the Chief Wild
Life Warden or the authorised officer or any forest officer or any police officer not below the rank of a
sub- inspector [2][or any customs officer not below the rank of an inspector or any officer of the coast guard
not below the rank of an Assistant Commandant], may, if he has reasonable grounds for believing that
any person has committed an offence against this Act,—

(a) require any such person to produce for inspection any captive animal, wild animal, animal

article, meat, trophy or [3][trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant or part or derivative thereof

1. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 31 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by s. 31, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 36, for “trophy or uncured trophy” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

47


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1[or scheduled specimen]] in his control, custody or possession, or any licence, permit or other
document granted to him or required to be kept by him under the provisions of this Act;

(b) stop any vehicle or vessel in order to conduct search or inquiry or enter upon and search any

premises, land, vehicle or vessel, in the occupation of such person, and open and search any baggage
or other things in his possession;

2[(c) seize any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, meat, trophy or uncured trophy, or any

specified plant or part or derivative thereof [1][or scheduled specimen], in respect of which an offence
against this Act appears to have been committed, in the possession of any person together with any
trap, tool, vehicle, vessel or weapon used for committing any such offence and, unless he is satisfied
that such person will appear and answer any charge which may be preferred against him, arrest him
without warrant, anddetain him:

Provided that where a fisherman, residing within ten kilometres of a sanctuary or National Park,

inadvertently enters on a boat, not used for commercial fishing, in the territorial waters in that
sanctuary or National Park, a fishing tackle or net on such boat shall not be seized.]

3*  -  -  -  
(3) It shall be lawful for any of the officers referred to in sub-section (1) to stop and detainany person,

whom he sees doing any act for which a licence or permit is required under the provisions of this Act, for
the purposes of requiring such person to produce the licence or permit and if such person fails to produce
the licence or permit, as the case may be, he may be arrested without warrant, unless he furnishes his
name and address, and otherwise satisfies the officer arresting him that he will duly answer any summons
or other proceedings which may be taken against him.

4[(3A) Any officer of a rank not inferior to that of an Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or

5[an Assistant Conservator of Forests] who, or whose subordinate, has seized any captive animal or wild
animal under clause (c) of sub-section (1) may give the same for custody on the execution by any person
of a bond for the production of such animal if and when so required, before the Magistrate having
jurisdiction to try the offence on account of which the seizure has been made.]

(4) Any person detained, or things seized under the foregoing power, shall forthwith be taken before a

Magistrate to be dealt with according to law [6][under intimation to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the
officer authorised by him in this regard].

(5) Any person who, without reasonable cause, fails to produce anything, which he is required to

produce under this section, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act.

7[(6) Where any meat, uncured trophy, specified plant or part or derivative thereof is seized under the

provisions of this section, the Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer of a
gazetted rank authorised by him in this behalf or the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer
may arrange for the disposal of the same in such manner as may be prescribed.]

(7) Whenever any person is approached by any of the officers referred to in sub-section (1) for

assistance in the prevention or detection of an offence against this Act, or in apprehending persons
charged with the violation of this Act, or for seizure in accordance with clause (c) of sub-section (1), it
shall be the duty of such person or persons to render such assistance.

8[(8) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, any officer not

below the rank of an Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or [9][an officer not below the rank of

1. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 31 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 36, for clause (c) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Sub-section (2) omitted by s. 36, ibid (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Ins. by s. 36, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 29, for “Wild Life Warden,” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
6. Ins. by s. 29, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
7. Subs. by s. 29, ibid., for sub-section (6) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
8. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991 s. 36 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
9. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 29, for “Wild Life Warden” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

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Assistant Conservator of Forests authorised by the State Government in this behalf] shall have the
powers, for purposes of making investigation into any offence against any provision of this Act—

(a) to issue a search warrant;

(b) to enforce the attendance of witnesses;

(c) to compel the discovery and production of documents and material objects; and

(d) to receive and record evidence.

(9) Any evidence recorded under clause (d) of sub-section (8) shall be admissible in any subsequent

trial before a Magistrate provided that it has been taken in the presence of the accused person.]

**51. Penalties.—(1) Any person who** [1][contravenes any provision of this Act [2][(except Chapter VA

and section 38J)]]or any rule or order made thereunder or who commits a breach of any of the conditions
of any licence or permit granted under this Act, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act, and shall, on
conviction, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to [3][three years], or with fine
which may extend to [4][one lakh rupees], or with both:

5[Provided that where the offence committed is in relation to any animal specified in Schedule I

6*** or meat of any such animal or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy derived from such animal or
where the offence relates to hunting in a sanctuary or a National Park or altering the boundaries of a
sanctuary or a National Park [7][or where the offence relates to a specimen of a species listed on Appendix I
of Schedule IV], such offence shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less
than three years but may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than [8][twentyfive thousand rupees]:

Provided further that in the case of a second or subsequent offence of the nature mentioned in this

sub-section, the term of the imprisonment shall not be less than three years but may extend to seven years
and also with fine which shall not be less than [9][one lakh rupees].]

10[(1A) Any person who contravenes any provisions of Chapter VA, shall be punishable with

imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than [11][three years] but which may extend to seven years
and also with fine which shall not be less than [12][twenty-five thousand rupees].]

13[(1B) Any person who contravenes the provisions of section 38J, shall be punishable with

imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to two thousand
rupees, or with both:

Provided that in the case of a second or subsequent offence the term of imprisonment may extend to

one year or the fine may extend to five thousand rupees.]

(2) When any person is convicted of an offence against this Act, the Court trying the offence may

order that any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, trophy, [14][uncured trophy, meat, ivory imported
into India or an article made from such ivory, any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof] in respect
of which the offence has been committed, and any trap, tool, vehicle, vessel or weapon, used in the

1. Subs. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 4, for “contravenes any provision of this Act” (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
2. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37, ibid., for “(except Chapter VA)” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Subs. by s. 37, ibid., for “two years” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32, for “twenty-five thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023), earlier subs. by s. 37, Act 44 of 1991, for
“two thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 30, for the first and second provisos (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
6. The words and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
7. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
8. Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for “ten thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
9. Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for “twenty-five thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
10. Ins. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 4 (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
11. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 30, for “one year” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
12. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32, for “ten thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023), earlier ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37 (w.e.f. 210-1991).
13. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
14. Subs. by s. 37, ibid., for “uncured trophy or meat” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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commission of the said offence be forfeited to the State Government and that any licence or permit, held
by such person under the provisions of this Act, be cancelled.

(3) Such cancellation of licence or permit or such forfeiture shall be in addition to any other

punishment that may be awarded for such offence.

(4) Where any person is convicted of an offence against this Act, the Court may direct that the

licence, if any, granted to such person under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1959), for possession of any arm
with which an offence against this Act has been committed, shall be cancelled and that such person shall
not be eligible for a licence under the Arms Act, 1959, for a period of five years from the date of
conviction.

1[(5) Nothing contained in section 360 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), or in the

Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 (20 of 1958), shall apply to a person convicted of an offence with
respect to hunting in a sanctuary or a National Park or of an offence against any provision of Chapter VA
unless such person is under eighteen years of age.]

**STATE AMENDMENTS**

**Assam**

**Amendment of section 51.—In the principal Act, in section 51, in sub-section (1),**

(i) in the first proviso,—

(a) in between the words “hunting in” and “a sanctuary” the words “or outside the boundary of”

shall be inserted;

(b) for the words “three years”, “seven years” and “ten thousand”, the words “seven years”, “ten

years” and “fifty thousand” respectively shall be substituted.

(ii) in the second proviso, for the words “three years”, “seven years” and “twenty five thousand”, the

words “ten years”, “life imprisonment” and “seventy five thousand” respectively, shall be substituted.

[Vide Assam Act 31 of 2010, s. 2].

**2[51A. Certain conditions to apply while granting bail.—When any person accused of, the**

commission of any offence relating to Schedule I [3]*** or offences relating to hunting inside the
boundaries of National Park or wild life sanctuary or altering the boundaries of such parks and
sanctuaries, is arrested under the provisions of the Act, then notwithstanding anything contained in the
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) no such person who had been previously convicted of an
offence under this Act shall, be released on bail unless—

(a) the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity of opposing the release on bail; and

(b) where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the Court is satisfied that there are

reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to
commit any offence while on bail.]

**STATE AMENDMENTS**

**Assam**

**Insertion of section 51B.—In the principal Act, after section 51A, the following new section 51B**

shall be inserted, namely:—

**“51B. Offences to be cognizable, non bailabale and triable by the Court of Sessions.—(1) Every**

offence punishable under this Act shall be congnizable and non-bailable within the meaning of the Code
of Criminal Procedure, 1973.

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 31 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. The words and figures “or Part II of Schedule II” omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

50


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(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, no person accused

of an offence punishable under this Act, shall be released on bail unless—

(a) the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such

release; and

(b) where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are

reasonable grounds for believing that the accused is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.

(3) The offences under this Act, shall be triable by the Court of Sessions of the respective

jurisdiction.”

[Vide Assam Act 31 of 2010, s. 3].

**52. Attempts and abetment.—Whoever attempts to contravene, or abets the contravention of, any of**

the provisions of this Act or of any rule or order made thereunder shall be deemed to have contravened
that provision or rule or order, as the case may be.

**53. Punishment for wrongful seizure.—If any person, exercising powers under this Act, vexatiously**

and unnecessarily seizes the property of any other person on the pretence of seizing it for the reasons
mentioned in section 50 he shall, on conviction, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may
extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees, or with both.

**1[54. Power to compound offence.—(1) The Central Government may, by notification, empower the**

Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer not below the rank of Assistant Director of Wild
Life Preservation and in the case of a State Government in the similar manner, empower the Chief Wild
Life Warden or any officer of a rank not below the rank of a Deputy Conservator of Forests, to accept
from any person against whom a reasonable suspicion exists that he has committed an offence against this
Act, payment of a sum of money by way of composition of the offence which such person is suspected to
have committed.

(2) On payment of such sum of money to such officer, the suspected person, if in custody, shall be

discharged and no further proceedings in respect of the offence shall be taken against such person.

(3) The officer compounding any offence may order the cancellation of any licence or permit granted

under this Act to the offender, or if not empowered to do so, may approach an officer so empowered, for
the cancellation of such licence or permit.

(4) The sum of money accepted or agreed to be accepted as composition under sub-section (1) shall,

in no case, exceed the sum of [2][five lakh rupees]:

Provided that no offence, for which a minimum period of imprisonment has been prescribed in

section 51, shall be compounded.]

3[55. Cognizance of offences.—No court shall take cognizance of any offence against this Act on the

complaint of any person other than—

(a) the Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the

Central Government; or

4[(aa) the Member-Secretary, Central Zoo Authority in matters relating to violation of the

provisions of Chapter IVA; or]

5[(ab) Member-Secretary, Tiger Conservation Authority; or

(ac) Director of the concerned tiger reserve; or]

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 32, for section 54 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 34, for “twenty-five thousand rupees” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
3. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 39, for section 55 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
5. Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 4 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).

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1[(ad) the Management Authority or any officer, including an officer of the Wild Life Crime

Control Bureau, authorised in this behalf by the Central Government; or]

(b) the Chief Wild Life Warden, or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the State

Government [2][subject to such conditions as may be specified by that Government]; or

5[(bb) the officer-in-charge of the zoo in respect of violation of provisions of section 38J; or]

(c) any person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in the manner prescribed, of the

alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint, to the Central Government or the State
Government or the officer authorised as aforesaid.]

**56. Operation of other laws not barred.—Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to prevent any**

person from being prosecuted under any other law for the time being in force, for any act or omission
which constitutes an offence against this Act or from being liable under such other law to any higher
punishment or penalty than that provided by this Act: Provided that no person shall be punished twice for
the same offence.

**57. Presumption to be made in certain cases.—Where, in any prosecution for an offence against**

this Act, it is established that a person is in possession, custody or control of any [3][wild animal, captive
animal], animal article, meat, [4][trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant, or part or derivative thereof [5][or
scheduled specimen]] it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, the burden of proving which shall
lie on the accused, that such person is in unlawful possession, custody or control of such [3][wild animal,
captive animal], animal article, meat, [4][trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant, or part or derivative
thereof [5][or scheduled specimen].]

**58. Offences by Companies.—(1) Where an offence against this Act has been committed by a**

company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed, was in charge of, and was
responsible to, the company for the conduct of the business of the company as well as the company, shall
be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished
accordingly:

Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any

punishment, if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all
due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.

(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence against this Act has been

committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or
connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other
officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty
of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this section,—_

(a) “company” means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals;

and

(b) “director”, in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.


6[CHAPTER VIA


FORFEITURE OF PROPERTY DERIVED FROM ILLEGAL HUNTING AND TRADE


**58A. Application.—The provisions of this Chapter shall apply only to the following persons,**

namely:—

1. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 35 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
2. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 36, for “captive animal” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 40, for “trophy or uncured trophy” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 36 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
6. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

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(a) every person who has been convicted of an offence punishable under this Act with

imprisonment for a term of three years or more;

(b) every associate of a person referred to in clause (a);

(c) any holder (hereafter in this clause referred to as the present holder) of any property which

was at any time previously held by a person referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) unless the present
holder or, as the case may be, any one who held such property after such person and before the
present holder, is or was a transferee in good faith for adequate consideration.

**58B. Definitions.—In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,—**

(a) “Appellate Tribunal” means the Appellate Tribunal for Forfeited Property constituted under

section 58N;

(b) “associate” in relation to a person whose property is liable to be forfeited under this Chapter,

includes—

(i) any individual who had been or is managing the affairs or keeping the accounts of such

person;

(ii) any association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company

within the meaning of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956) of which such person had been or is a
member, partner or director;

(iii) any individual who had been or is a member, partner or director of an association of

persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company referred to in sub-clause (ii) at
any time when such person had been or is a member, partner or director of such association,
body, partnership firm or private company;

(iv) any person, who had been or is managing the affairs, or keeping the accounts of any

association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company referred to in
sub-clause (iii);

(v) the trustee of any trust, where,—

(1) the trust has been created by such person; or

(2) the value of the assets contributed by such person (including the value of the assets, if

any, contributed by him earlier) to the trust amounts on the date on which contribution is
made, to not less than twenty per cent.of the value of the assets of the trust on that date;

(vi) where the competent authority, for reasons to be recorded in writing, considers that any

properties of such person are held on his behalf by any other person, such other person;

(c) “competent authority” means an officer authorised under section 58D;

(d) “concealment” means the concealment or disguise of the nature, source, disposition,

movement or ownership of property and includes the movement or conversion of such property by
electronic transmission or by any other means;

(e) “freezing” means temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of

property by an order issued under section 58F;

(f) “identifying” includes establishment of proof that the property was derived from, or used in,

the illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products;

(g) “illegally acquired property” in relation to any person to whom this Chapter applies, means,—

(i) any property acquired by such person, wholly or partly out of or by means of any income,

earnings or assets derived or obtained from or attributable to illegal hunting and trade of wild life
and its products and derivatives;

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(ii) any property acquired by such person, for a consideration or by any means, wholly or

partly traceable to any property referred to in sub-clause (i) or the income or earning from such
property,


and includes—


(A) any property held by such person which would have been, in relation to any previous

holder thereof, illegally acquired property under this clause if such previous holder had not
ceased to hold it, unless such person or any other person who held the property at any time after
such previous holder or, where there are two or more such previous holders, the last of such
previous holders is or was a transferee in good faith for adequate consideration;

(B) any property acquired by such person, for a consideration, or by any means, wholly or

partly traceable to any property falling under item (A), or the income or earnings therefrom;

(h) “property” means property and assets of every description, whether corporeal or incorporeal,

movable or immovable, tangible or intangible and deeds and instruments evidencing title to, or
interest in, such property or assets, derived from the illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its
products;


(i) “relative” means—


(1) spouse of the person;

(2) brother or sister of the person;


(3) brother or sister of the spouse of the person;


(4) any lineal ascendant or descendant of the person;


(5) any lineal ascendant or descendant of the spouse of the person;


(6) spouse of a person referred to in sub-clause (2), sub-clause (3), sub-clause (4) or

sub-clause (5);


(7) any lineal descendant of a person referred to in sub-clause (2) or sub-clause (3);


(j) “tracing” means determining the nature, source, disposition, movement, title or ownership of

property;

(k) “trust” includes any other legal obligation.

**58C. Prohibition of holding illegally acquired property.—(1) From the date of commencement of**

this Chapter, it shall not be lawful for any person to whom this Chapter applies to hold any illegally
acquired property either by himself or through any other person on his behalf.

(2) Where any person holds such property in contravention of the provisions of sub-section (1), such

property shall be liable to be forfeited to the State Government concerned in accordance with the
provisions of this Chapter:

Provided that no property shall be forfeited under this Chapter if such property was acquired by a

person to whom this Act applies before a period of six years from the date on which he was charged for
an offence relating to illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products.

**58D. Competent authority.—The State Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette,**

authorise any officer not below the rank of Chief Conservator of Forests to perform the functions of the
competent authority under this Chapter in respect of such persons or classes of persons as the State
Government may, direct.

**58E. Identifying illegally acquired property.—(1) An officer not below the rank of Deputy**

Inspector General of Police duly authorised by the Central Government or as the case may be, the State
Government, shall, on receipt of a complaint from the competent authority about any person having
illegally acquired property, proceed to take all steps necessary for tracing and identifying any property
illegally acquired by such person.

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(2) The steps referred to in sub-section (1) may include any inquiry, investigation or survey in respect

of any person, place, property, assets, documents, books of account in any bank or financial institution or
any other relevant step as may be necessary.

(3) Any inquiry, investigation or survey referred to in sub-section (2) shall be carried out by an officer

mentioned in sub-section (1) in accordance with such directions or guidelines as the competent authority
may make or issue in this behalf.

**58F. Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired property.—(1) Where any officer conducting an**

inquiry or investigation under section 58E has reason to believe that any property in relation to which
such inquiry or investigation is being conducted is an illegally acquired property and such property is
likely to be concealed, transferred or dealt with in any manner which may result in frustrating any
proceeding relating to forfeiture of such property under this Chapter, he may make an order for seizing
such property and where it is not practicable to seize such property, he may make an order that such
property shall not be transferred or otherwise dealt with, except with the prior permission of the officer
making such order, or of the competent authority and a copy of such order shall be served on the person
concerned:

Provided that a copy of such an order shall be sent to the competent authority within forty-eight hours

of its being made.

(2) Any order made under sub-section (1) shall have no effect unless the said order is confirmed by an

order of the competent authority within a period of thirty days of its being made.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this section, “transfer of property” means any disposition,_

conveyance, assignment, settlement, delivery, payment or other alienation of property and, without
limiting the generality of the foregoing, includes—

(a) the creation of a trust in property;

(b) the grant or creation of any lease, mortgage, charge, easement, licence, power, partnership or

interest in property;

(c) the exercise of a power of appointment, of property vested in any person not the owner of the

property, to determine its disposition in favour of any person other than the donee of the power; and

(d) any transaction entered into by any person with intent thereby to diminish directly or

indirectly the value of his own property and to increase the value of the property of any other person.

**58G. Management of properties seized or forfeited under this Chapter.—(1) The State**

Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, appoint as many of its officers (not below
the rank of Conservator of Forests) as it thinks fit, to perform the functions of an Administrator.

(2) The Administrator appointed under sub-section (1) shall receive and manage the property in

relation to which an order has been made under sub-section (1) of section 58F or under section 58-I in
such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.

(3) The Administrator shall also take such measures as the State Government may direct, to dispose

of the property which is forfeited to the State Government.

**58H. Notice of forfeiture of property.—(1) If having regard to the value of the properties held by**

any person to whom this Chapter applies, either by himself or through any other person on his behalf, his
known sources of income, earnings or assets, and any other information or material available to it as a
result of a report from any officer making an investigation under section 58E or otherwise, the competent
authority for reasons to be recorded in writing believes that all or any of such properties are illegally
acquired properties, it may serve a notice upon such person (hereinafter referred to as the person affected)
calling upon him within a period of thirty days specified in the notice to show cause why all or any of
such properties, as the case may be, should not be declared to be illegally acquired properties and
forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter and in support of his case indicate the sources of his
income, earnings or assets, out of which or by means of which he has acquired such property, the
evidence on which he relies and other relevant information and particulars.

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(2) Where a notice under sub-section (1) to any person specifies any property as being held on behalf

of such person by any other person, a copy of the notice shall also be served upon such other person.

**58-I. Forfeiture of property in certain cases.—(1) The competent authority may, after considering**

the explanation, if any, to the show cause notice issued under section 58H, and the materials available
before it and after giving to the person affected and in a case where the person affected holds any property
specified in the notice through any other person, to such other person, also a reasonable opportunity of
being heard, by order, record a finding whether all or any of the properties in question are illegally
acquired properties:

Provided that if the person affected (and in a case where the person affected holds any property

specified in the notice through any other person, such other person also), does not appear before the
competent authority or represent his case before it within a period of thirty days specified in the show
cause notice, the competent authority may proceed to record a finding under this sub-section ex parte on
the basis of evidence available before it.

(2) Where the competent authority is satisfied that some of the properties referred to in the show

cause notice are illegally acquired properties but is not able to identify specifically such properties, then,
it shall be lawful for the competent authority to specify the properties which, to the best of its judgment,
are illegally acquired properties and record a finding accordingly under sub-section (1) within a period of
ninety days.

(3) Where the competent authority records a finding under this section to the effect that any property

is illegally acquired property, it shall declare that such property shall, subject to the provisions of this
Chapter stand forfeited to the State Government free from all encumbrances.

(4) In case the person affected establishes that the property specified in the notice issued under

section 58H is not an illegally acquired property and therefore not liable to be forfeited under the Act, the
said notice shall be withdrawn and the property shall be released forthwith.

(5) Where any shares in a company stand forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter, the

company shall, notwithstanding anything contained in the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956) or the article
of association of the company, forthwith register the State Government as the transferee of such shares.

**58J. Burden of proof.—In any proceedings under this Chapter, the burden of proving that any**

property specified in the notice served under section 58H is not illegally acquired property shall be on the
person affected.

**58K. Fine in lieu of forfeiture.—(1) Where the competent authority makes a declaration that any**

property stands forfeited to the State Government under section 58-I and it is a case where the source of
only a part of the illegally acquired property has not been proved to the satisfaction of the competent
authority, it shall make an order giving option to the person affected to pay, in lieu of forfeiture, a fine
equal to the market value of such part.

(2) Before making an order imposing a fine under sub-section (1), the person affected shall be given a

reasonable opportunity of being heard.

(3) Where the person affected pays the fine due under sub-section (1), within such time as may be

allowed in that behalf, the competent authority may, by order revoke the declaration of forfeiture under
section 58-I and thereupon such property shall stand released.

**58L. Procedure in relation to certain trust properties.—In the case of any person referred to in**

sub-clause (vi) of clause (b) of section 58B, if the competent authority, on the basis of the information and
materials available to it, for reasons to be recorded in writing believes that any property held in trust is
illegally acquired property, it may serve a notice upon the author of the trust, or as the case may be, the
contributor of the assets out of or by means of which such property was acquired by the trust and the
trustees, calling upon them within a period of thirty days specified in the notice, to explain the source of
money or other assets out of or by means of which such property was acquired or, as the case may be, the
source of money or other assets which were contributed to the trust for acquiring such property and

56


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thereupon such notice shall be deemed to be a notice served under section 58H and all the other
provisions of this Chapter shall apply accordingly.

_Explanation.—For the purposes of this section “illegally acquired property” in relation to any_

property held in trust, includes—

(i) any property which if it had continued to be held by the author of the trust or the contributor of

such property to the trust would have been illegally acquired property in relation to such author or
contributor;

(ii) any property acquired by the trust out of any contributions made by any person which would

have been illegally acquired property in relation to such person had such person acquired such
property out of such contributions.

**58M. Certain transfers to be null and void.—Where after the making of an order under**

sub-section (1) of section 58F or the issue of a notice under section 58H or under section 58L, any
property referred to in the said order or notice is transferred by any mode whatsoever, such transfer shall,
for the purposes of the proceedings under this Chapter, be ignored and if such property is subsequently
forfeited to the State Government under section 58-I, then, the transfer of such property shall be deemed
to be null and void.

**58N. Constitution of Appellate Tribunal.—(1) The State Government may, by notification in the**

Official Gazette, constitute an Appellate Tribunal to be called the Appellate Tribunal for Forfeited
Property consisting of a Chairman, and such number of other members (being officers of the State
Government not below the rank of a Principal Secretary to the Government), as the State Government
thinks fit, to be appointed by that Government for hearing appeals against the orders made under section
58F, section 58-I, sub-section (1) of section 58K or section 58L.

(2) The Chairman of the Appellate Tribunal shall be a person who is or has been or is qualified to be a

Judge of a High Court.

(3) The terms and conditions of service of the Chairman and other members shall be such as may be

prescribed.

**58-O. Appeals.—(1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the competent authority made under**

section 58F, section 58-I, sub-section (1) of section 58K or section 58L may, within forty-five days from
the date on which the order is served on him prefer an appeal to the Appellate Tribunal:

Provided that the Appellate Tribunal may entertain an appeal after the said period of forty-five days,

but not after sixty days, from the date aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by
sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.

(2) On receipt of an appeal under sub-section (1), the Appellate Tribunal may, after giving an

opportunity of being heard to the appellant, if he so desires, and after making such further inquiry as it
deems fit, confirm, modify or set aside the order appealed against.

(3) The Appellate Tribunal may regulate its own procedure.

(4) On application to the Appellate Tribunal and on payment of the prescribed fee, the Appellate

Tribunal may allow a party to any appeal or any person authorised in this behalf by such party to inspect
at any time during office hours, any relevant records and registers of the Appellate Tribunal and obtain a
certified copy or any part thereof.

**58P. Notice or order not to be invalid for error in description.—No notice issued or served, no**

declaration made, and no order passed under this Chapter shall be deemed to be invalid by reason of any
error in the description of the property or person mentioned therein if such property or person is
identifiable from the description so mentioned.

**58Q. Bar of jurisdiction.—No order passed or declaration made under this Chapter shall be**

appealable except as provided therein and no civil court shall have jurisdiction in respect of any matter
which the Appellate Tribunal or any competent authority is empowered by or under this Chapter to

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determine, and no injunction shall be granted by any court or other authority in respect of any action
taken or to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Chapter.

**58R. Competent Authority and Appellate Tribunal to have powers of civil court.—The**

competent authority and the Appellate Tribunal shall have all the powers of a civil court while trying a
suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) in respect of the following matters, namely:—

(a) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;

(b) requiring the discovery and production of documents;

(c) receiving evidence on affidavits;

(d) requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any court or office;

(e) issuing commissions for examination of witnesses or documents;

(f) any other matter which may be prescribed.

**58S. Information to competent authority.—(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other**

law for the time being in force, the competent authority shall have power to require any officer or
authority of the Central Government or a State Government or a local authority to furnish information in
relation to such persons, on points or matters as in the opinion of the competent authority will be useful
for, or relevant to, the purposes of this Chapter.

(2) Every officer referred to in section 58T may furnish suo motu any information available with him

to the competent authority if in the opinion of the officer such information will be useful to the competent
authority for the purposes of this Chapter.

**58T. Certain officers to assist Administrator, competent authority and Appellate Tribunal.—**

For the purposes of any proceedings under this Chapter, the following officers shall render such
assistance as may be necessary to the Administrator appointed under section 58G, competent authority
and the Appellate Tribunal, namely:—

(a) officers of Police;

(b) officers of the State Forest Departments;

(c) officers of the Central Economic Intelligence Bureau;

(d) officers of the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence;

(e) such other officers as specified by the State Government in this behalf by notification in the

Official Gazette.

**58U. Power to take possession.—(1) Where any property has been declared to be forfeited to the**

State Government under this Chapter, or where the person affected has failed to pay the fine due under
sub-section (1) of section 58K within the time allowed therefor under sub-section (3) of that section, the
competent authority may order the person affected as well as any other person who may be in possession
of the property to surrender or deliver possession thereof to the Administrator appointed under section
58G or to any person duly authorised by him in this behalf within thirty days of the service of the order.

(2) If any person refuses or fails to comply with an order made under sub-section (1), the

Administrator may take possession of the property and may for that purpose use such force as may be
necessary.

(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), the Administrator may, for the purpose of

taking possession of any property referred to in sub-section (1) requisition the services of any police
officer to assist him and it shall be the duty of such officer to comply with such requisition.

**58V. Rectification of mistakes.—With a view to rectifying any mistake apparent from record, the**

competent authority or the Appellate Tribunal, as the case may be, may amend any order made by it
within a period of one year from the date of the order:

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Provided that if any such amendment is likely to affect any person prejudicially and the mistake is not

of a clerical nature, it shall not be made without giving to such person a reasonable opportunity of being
heard.

**58W. Findings under other laws not conclusive for proceedings under this Chapter.—No finding**

of any officer or authority under any other law shall be conclusive for the purposes of any proceedings
under this Chapter.

**58X. Service of notices and orders.—Any notice or order issued or made under this Chapter shall be**

served,—

(a) by tendering the notice or order or sending it by registered post to the person for whom it is

intended or to his agent;

(b) if the notice or order cannot be served in the manner provided in clause (a), then, by affixing

it on a conspicuous place in the property in relation to which the notice or order is issued or made or
on some conspicuous part of the premises in which the person for whom it is intended is known to
have last resided or carried on business or personally worked for gain.

**58Y.Punishment for acquiring property in relation to which proceedings have been taken under**

**this Chapter.—Any person who knowingly acquires, by any mode whatsoever, any property in relation**
to which proceedings are pending under this Chapter shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to five years and with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.]

CHAPTER VII

MISCELLANEOUS

**59. Officers to be public servants.—Every officer referred to** [1][in Chapter II and the chairperson,

members, member-secretary and other officers and employees referred to in Chapter IVA], [2][Chapter
IVB] and every other officer exercising any of the powers conferred by this Act shall be deemed to be a
public servant within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860).

**60. Protection of action taken in good faith.—(1) No-suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding**

shall lie against any officer or other employee of the Central Government or the State Government for
anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.

(2) No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Central Government or the State

Government or any of its officers or other employees for any damage caused or likely to be caused by
anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.

3[(3) No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Authority referred to in Chapter IVA

4[Chapter IVB] and its chairperson, members, member-secretary, officers and other employees for
anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.]

**5[60A. Reward to persons.—(1) When a court imposes a sentence of fine or a sentence of which fine**

forms a part, the Court may, when passing judgment, order that the reward be paid to a person who
renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offenders out of the proceeds
of fine not exceeding [6][fifty per cent. of such fine].

(2) Where a case is compounded under Sec. 54, the officer compounding may order reward to be paid

to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offenders out
of the sum of money accepted by way of composition not exceeding [6][fifty per cent. of such money].]

1. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 41, for “in Chapter II and” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 5 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
3. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 42 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
4. Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 6 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
5. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 43 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
6. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 35, for “twenty per cent. of such fine” (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

59


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**1[60B. Reward by State Government.—The State Government may empower the Chief Wild Life**

Warden to order payment of reward not exceeding ten thousand rupees to be paid to a person who renders
assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offender, from such fund and in such
manner as may be prescribed.]

**61. Power to alter entries in Schedules.—(1) The Central Government may, if it is of opinion that it**

is expedient so to do, by notification, [2][ [3][amend any Schedule or add] or delete any entry to or from any
Schedule] or transfer any entry from one Part of a Schedule to another Part of the same Schedule or from
one Schedule to another.

4*  -  -  -  
(3) On the issue of a notification under sub-section (1) [5]***, the relevant Schedule shall be deemed to

be altered accordingly, provided that every such alteration shall be without prejudice to anything done or
omitted to be done before such alteration.

6*  -  -  -  
Provided that any such alteration made by the State Government, if it has been made with the

previous consent of the Central Government, shall prevail in that State:

Provided further that nothing in the foregoing proviso shall prevent the Central Government from

modifying or cancelling, at any time, the alteration made by the State Government.

**62. Declaration of certain wild animals to be vermin.—[7][The Central Government] may, by**

notification, declare any wild animal [8][specified in Schedule II] to be vermin for any area and for such
period as may be specified therein and so long as such notification is in force, such wild animal shall be
9[deemed not to be included in Schedule II for such area and for such period as specified in the
notification].

**10[62A. Regulation or prohibition of import, etc., of invasive alien species.—(1) The Central**

Government may, by notification, regulate or prohibit the import, trade, possession or proliferation of
invasive alien species which pose a threat to the wild life or habitat in India.

(2) The Central Government may authorise the Director or any other officer to seize and dispose of,

including through destruction, the species referred to in the notification issued under sub-section (1).

**62B. Power to issue directions.—Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the Central**

Government may call for any information or report from a State Government or any such other agency or
body or issue any direction to a State Government or any such other agency or body for effective
implementation of the provisions of the Act for the protection, conservation and management of wild life
in the country.]

**63. Power of Central Government to make rules.—[11][(1) The Central Government may, by**

notification, make rules for all or any of the following matters, namely:—

(a) conditions and other matters subject to which a licensee may keep any specified plant in his

custody or possession under section17F;


1. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 36, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 44, for “add any entry to any Schedule” (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
3. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 37, for “add” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
4. Sub-section (2) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 44, (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. The words brackets and figure “or sub-section (2)” omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 44 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
6. Sub-section (4) omitted by s. 44, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
7. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 45, for certain words (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
8. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 38, for “other than those specified in Schedule I and Part II of Schedule II” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
9. Subs. by s. 38, ibid., for “deemed to have been included in Schedule V” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
10. Ins. by s. 39, ibid (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
11. Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 46, for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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1[(ai) the term of office of members other than those who are members ex officio; the manner of

filling vacancies, the procedure to be followed by the National Board under sub-section (2) and
allowances of those members under sub-section (3) of section 5A;]


2[(aa) the matters to be prescribed under clause (b) of sub-section (4) of section 44;]


(b) the salaries, allowances and other conditions of appointment of chairperson, members and

member-secretary under sub-section (5) of section 38B;

(c) the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Central Zoo

Authority under sub-section (7) of section 38B;

(d) the form in which the annual statement of accounts of the Central Zoo Authority shall be

prepared under sub-section (4) of section 38E;

(e) the form in which and the time at which the annual report of the Central Zoo Authority shall

be prepared under section 38F;

(f) the form in which and the fee required to be paid with the application for recognition of a zoo

under sub-section (2) of section 38H;

(g) the standards, norms and other matters to be considered for granting recognition under

sub-section (4) of section 38H;

3[(gi) qualifications and experience of experts or professionals under clause (d) of sub-section (2)

of section 38-1;

(gii) the salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of the members under

sub-section (4) of section 38M;

(giii) the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Tiger

Conservation Authority under sub-section (2) of section 38N;

(giv) the form in which the annual statement of accounts of Tiger Conservation Authority shall be

prepared under sub-section (1) of section 38R;

(gv) the form in which and the time at which the annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority

shall be prepared under section 38S;

(gvi) other powers of the Wild Life Crime Control Bureau under clause (ii) of sub-section (2) of

section 38Z.]


4[(gvii) the manner of disposal of Government property under sub-section (5) of section 39;


(gviii) the terms and conditions of a transfer or transport of a captive elephant by a person having

a valid certificate of ownership for a religious or any other purpose under the proviso to sub-section
(2) of section 43;]

(h) the form in which declaration shall be made under sub-section (2) of section 44;


(i) the matters to be prescribed under Cl. (b) of sub-section (4) of section 44;


(j) the terms and conditions which shall govern transaction referred to in clause (b) of section 48;

5[(ji) the terms and conditions of service including salaries and allowances for appointment of the

officers and employees of the Management Authority under sub-section (4) of section 49E;

(jii) the conditions and procedures subject to which any exemption provided for in Article VII of

the Convention may be availed under sub-section (2) of section 49H;

1. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 37 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Ins. by Act 23 of 1982, s. 4 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
3. Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 7 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
4. Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 40 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
5. Ins. by s. 40, ibid (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).


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(jiii) the reporting of details of scheduled specimens and the transaction as per

sub-section (3) of section 49H;

(jiv) the form and manner of application, the fee payable, the conditions and the procedure to be

followed under sub-section (5) of section 49H;

(jv) the matters provided for in sub-sections (8) and (9) of section 49M;

(jvi) the form and manner of the application, the fee payable, the form of licence and the

procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling a licence as per sub-section (2) of section 49N;

(jvii) the fee payable for renewal of licence as per sub-section (3), and manner of making appeal

under sub-section (4), of section 49-O;

(jviii) any other matter for proper implementation of the Convention as may be required under

Chapter VB;]


(k) the manner in which notice may be given by a person under clause (c) of section 55;


(1) the matters specified in sub-section (2) of section 64 in so far as they relate to sanctuaries and

National Parks declared by the Central Government.]

(2) Every rule made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each

House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in
one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if before the expiry of the session immediately
following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification
in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only
in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or
annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.

**64. Power of State Government to make rules.—(1) The State Government may, by notification,**

make rules for carrying out the provisions of this Act in respect of matters which do not fall within the
purview of section 63.

(2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may

provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:—

1[(a) the term of office of members other than those who are members, ex officio, the manner of

filling vacancies and the procedure to be followed by the Board under sub-section (2) of section 6;

(b) allowances referred to in sub-section (3) of section 6;]

(c)the forms to be used for any application, certificate, claim,declaration, licence, permit,

registration, return, or other document, made, granted, or submitted under the provisions of this Act
and the fees, if any, therefor;

(d) the conditions subject to which any licence or permit may be granted under this Act;

2[(dd) the conditions subject to which the officers will be authorised to file cases in the court;]

(e)the particulars of the record of wild animals (captured or killed) to be kept and submitted by

the licensee;

3[(ee) the manner in which measures for immunisation of live-stock shall be taken;]

(f) regulation of the possession, transfer and the sale of captive animals, meat, animal articles,

trophies and uncured trophies;

(g) regulation of taxidermy;

1. Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 38, for clauses (a) and (b) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
2. Ins. by s. 38, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
3. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 47 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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1[(ga) the manner and conditions subject to which the Administrator shall receive and manage the

property under sub-section (2) of section 58G;

(gb) the terms and conditions of service of the Chairman and other members under

sub-section (3) of section 58N;

(gc) the fund from which and the manner in which payment of reward under section 60B shall be

made;]

(h) any other matter which has to be, or may be, prescribed under this Act.

**65. Rights of Scheduled Tribes to be protected.—Nothing in this Act shall affect the hunting rights**

conferred on the Scheduled Tribes of the Nicobar Islands in the Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands by notification of the Andaman and Nicobar Administration, No. 40,/67/F, No. G635, Vol. III,
dated the 28th April, 1967, published at pages 1 to 5 of the Extraordinary issue of the Andaman and
Nicobar Gazette, dated the 28th April, 1967.

**66. Repeal and savings.—(1) As from the commencement of this Act, every other Act relating to any**

matter contained in this Act and in force in a State shall, to the extent to which that Act or any provision
contained therein corresponds, or is repugnant, to this Act or any provision contained in this Act, stand
repealed:

Provided that such repeal shall not,—

(i) affect the previous operation of the Act so repealed, or anything duly done or suffered

thereunder;

(ii) affect any right, privilege, obligation or liability, acquired, accrued or incurred under the Act

so repealed;

(iii) affect any penalty, forfeiture or punishment incurred in respect of any offence committed

against the Act so repealed; or

(iv) affect any investigation, legal proceeding or remedy in respect of any such right, privilege,

obligation, liability, penalty, forfeiture, or punishment as aforesaid;

and any such investigation, legal proceeding or remedy may be instituted, continued or enforced, and any
such penalty, forfeiture and. Punishment may be imposed, as if the aforesaid Act had not been repealed.

(2) Notwithstanding such repeal,—

(a) anything done or any action taken under the Act so repealed, (including any notification,

order, certificate, notice or receipt issued, application made, or permit granted) which is not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, be deemed to have been done or taken under the
corresponding provisions of this Act as, if this Act were in force at the time such thing was done or
action was taken, and shall continue to be in force, unless and until superseded by anything done or
any action taken under this Act;

(b) every licence granted under any Act so repealed and in force immediately before the

commencement of this Act shall be deemed to have been granted under the corresponding provisions
of this Act and shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, continue to be in force for the unexpired
portion. of the period for which such licence had been granted.

(3) For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that any sanctuary or National Park declared by a

State Government under any Act repealed under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to be a sanctuary or
National Park, as, the case may be, declared by the State Government under this Act and where any right

in or over any land in any such National Park which had not been extinguished under the said Act, at or
before the commencement of this Act, the extinguishment of such rights shall be made in accordance with
the provisions of this Act.

1. Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 38 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).

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1[(4) For the removal of doubts, it is hereby further declared that where any proceeding under any

provision of section 19 to 25 (both inclusive) is pending on the date of commencement of the Wild Life
(Protection) Amendment Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), any reserve forest or a part of territorial waters
comprised within a sanctuary declared under section 18 to be a sanctuary before the date of such
commencement shall be deemed to be a sanctuary declared under section. 26A.]

1. Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 48 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).

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**1[SCHEDULE — I**

## (See sections 9, 11, 12, 38-I, 39, 40, 40A, 41, 42, 42A, 43, 48, 48A, 50, 51, 51A and 57 and
 Chapter V-A)

 PART A: MAMMALS

 Sl. No. Common name Scientific name

 ANTELOPES

 1. Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra

 2. Chinkara/Indian Gazelle Gazella bennettii

 3. Four-horned Antelope Tetracerus quadricornis

 4. Tibetan Antelope  Pantholops hodgsonii

 5. Tibetan Gazelle  Procapra picticaudata

 BADGERS

 6. Greater Hog Badger Arctonyx collaris

 7. Northern Hog Badger Arctonyx albogularis

 8. Ratel / Honey Badger Mellivora capensis

 BATS

 9. Andaman Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus cognatus

 10. Black-eared Flying Fox Pteropus melanotus

1. Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 41, for “Schedules I, II, III, IV, V and VI” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).

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11. Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat/Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat _Hipposideros_
_hypophyllus_

12. Nicobar Flying Fox _Pteropus faunulus_

13. Salim Ali's Fruit Bat _Latidens salimalii_

14. Wroughton's Free tailed Bat _Otomops wroughtoni_

**BEARS**

15. Asiatic Black Bear _Ursus thibetanus_

16. Brown Bear _Ursus arctos_

17. Sun Bear _Helarctos malayanus_

18. Sloth Bear _Melursus ursinus_

**BINTURONG**

19. Binturong _Arctictis binturong_

**CANIDS**


20.


Asiatic Wild Dog/Dhole


_Cuon alpinus_


21. Grey Wolf _Canis lupus_

22. Jackal _Canis aureus_

**CAPRINES**

23. Argali/Nayan/Great Tibetan Sheep _Ovis amnion_

24. Bharal/Blue Sheep _Pseudois nayaur_


25.


Chinese Goral


_Naemorhedus griseus_


26.


Himalayan Goral


_Naemorhedus goral_


27. Himalayan Serow _Capricornis sumatrenis_

28. Markhor _Copra falconeri_

29. Red Goral _Naemorhedus baileyi_

30. Red Serow _Capricornis rubidus_

31. Siberian/Asiatic/Himalayan Ibex _Copra sibirica_

32. Takin _Budorcas taxicolor_

33. Urial _Ovis vignei_

**CATS**

34. Asiatic Golden Cat _Catopuma temminckii_

35. Asiatic Lion _Panthera leo persica_

66


-----

36.


Caracal


_Caracal caracal_


37. Cheetah _Acinonyx jubatus_

38. Clouded Leopard _Neofelis nebulosi_

39. Desert Cat _Felis silvestris_

40. Eurasian Lynx _Lynx lynx_

41. Fishing Cat _Prionailurus viverrinus_

42. Jungle Cat _Felis chaus_

43. Leopard _Panthera pardus_

44. Leopard Cat _Prionailurus_
_bengalensis_

45. Marbled Cat _Pardofelis marmorata_

46. Pallas's Cat _Otocolobus manul_

47. Rusty Spotted Cat _Prionailurus_
_rubiginosus_

48. Snow Leopard _Panthera uncia_

49. Tiger _Panthera tigris_

**CIVETS**

50. Asian Palm Civet _Paradoxurus_
_hermaphroditus_

51. Jerdon's Palm Civet _Paradoxurus jerdoni_

52. Large Indian Civet _Viverra zibetha_

53. Malabar Large-spotted Civet _Viverra civettina_

54. Masked Palm Civet _Paguma larvata_

55. Small Indian Civet _Viverricula indica_

56. Small-toothed Palm Civet _Arctogalidia trivirgata_

**DEER**

57. Alpine Musk Deer _Moschus chrysogaster_

58. Black Musk Deer _Moschus fuscus_

59. Himalayan Musk Deer _Moschus leucogaster_

60. Hog Deer _Axis porcinus_

61. Indian Chevrotain/Mouse Deer _Moschiola indica_

62. Kashmir Musk Deer _Moschus cupreus_

63. Kashmir Red Deer/Hangul _Cervus hangul_

64. Manipur Brow-antlered Deer/Thamin _Rucervus eldii eldii_

65. Sambar _Rusa unicolor_

66. Swamp Deer/Barasingha _Rucervus duvaucelii_

67. Northern Red Muntjak _Muntiacus vaginalis_

68. Leaf Muntjak _Muntiacus putaoensis_

69. Malabar Red Muntjak _Muntiacus malabaricus_

67


-----

**DOLPHINS**

70. Fraser's Dolphin _Lagenodelphis hosei_

71. Gangetic/South Asian River Dolphin _Platanista gangetica_

72. Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin _Tursiops aduncus_

73 Indo-Pacific hump-back Dolphin _Sousa chinensis_

74. Indus River Dolphin _Platanista minor_

75. Irrawady Dolphin _Orcaella brevirostris_


76. Pantropical Spinner Dolphin

77. Pantropical Spotted Dolphin


_Stenella longirostris_

_Stenella attenuata_


78. Risso's Dolphin _Grampus griseus_

79. Rough-toothed Dolphin _Steno bredanensis_

80. Short-beaked Saddleback Dolphin/Common Dolphin _Delphinus delphis_

81. Striped Dolphin _Stenella coeruleoalba_

**DUGONG**

82. Dugong/Sea Cow _Dugong dugon_

**ELEPHANT**

83. Asiatic Elephant _Elephas maximus_

**FOXES**

84. Bengal Fox _Vulpes bengalensis_

85. Red Fox _Vulpes vulpes_

86. Tibetan Sand Fox _Vulpes ferrilata_

**HARES**

87. Hispid Hare _Caprolagus hispidus_

**HOGS**

88. Pygmy Hog _Porcula salvania_

**HYAENA**

89. Striped Hyaena _Hyaena hyaena_

68


-----

**LINSANG**

90. Spotted Linsang _Prionodon pardicolor_

**MARMOTS**

91. Himalayan Marmot _Marmota himalayana_

92. Long-tailed Marmot _Marmota caudata_

**MARTENS**

93. Nilgiri Marten _Martes gwatkinsii_

94. Stone/Beech Marten _Maries foina_

95. Himalayan Yellow-throated Marten _Martes flavigula_

MONGOOSES

96. Small Indian Mongoose _Urva auropunctata_

97. Grey Mongoose _Urva edwardsii_

98. Brown Mongoose _Urva fuscu_

99. Javan Mongoose _Urva javanica_

100. Ruddy Mongoose _Urva smithii_

101. Crab-eating Mongoose _Urva urva_

102. Stripe-necked Mongoose _Urva vitticolla_

**OTTERS**

103. Eurasian Otter _Lutra lutra_

104. Oriental Small-clawed Otter _Aonyx cinereal_

105. Smooth-coated Otter _Lutrogale perspicillata_

**OTHER RODENTS**

106. Bonhote's Mouse _Mus famulus_

107. Nilgiri Vandeleuria/Nilgiri Long-tailed Tree Mouse _Vandeleuria nilagirica_

108. Large Rock Rat/Elvira Rat _Cremnomys Elvira_

109. Hume's Hadromys/Hume's Rat _Hadromys humei_

110. Large Metad/Kondana Rat _Millardia kondana_

111. Miller's Nicobar Rat _Rattus burrus_

69


-----

112. Ranjini's Rat _Rattus ranjiniae_

**PANGOLINS**

113. Indian Pangolin _Manis crassicaudata_

114. Chinese Pangolin _Manis pentadactyla_

**PIG**


115.


Andaman Wild Pig _Sus scrofa_
_andamanensis_

**PIKA**


116. Royle's Pika _Ochotona roylei_

**PORPOISE**


117.


Finless Porpoise _Neophocaena_
_phocaenoides_

**PORCUPINES**


118. Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine _Atherurus macrourus_

119. Himalayan Crestless Porcupine _Hystrix brachyura_

120. Indian Porcupine _Hystrix indica_

**PRIMATES**

121. Arunachal Macaque _Macaca munzala_

122. Assamese Macaque _Macaca assamensis_

123. Bengal Slow Loris _Nycticebus bengalensis_

124. Black-footed Gray Langur _Semnopithecus_
_hypoleucos_

125. Bonnet Macaque _Macaca radiata_

126. Capped Langur _Trachypithecus pileatus_

127. Gee's Golden Langur _Trachypithecus geei_

128. Gray Slender Loris _Loris lydekkerianus_

129. Hoolock Gibbon _Hoolock hoolock_

130. Kashmir Gray Langur _Semnopithecus ajax_

131. Lion-Tailed Macaque _Macaca Silenus_

132. Nepal Gray Langur _Semnopithecus_
_schistaceus_


133.


Nicobar Long-tailed Macaque _Macaca fascicularis_
_umbrosus_


134. Nilgiri Langur _Semnopithecus johnii_

70


-----

135. Northern Pig-tailed Macaque _Macaca leonine_

136. Phayre's Leaf Monkey _Trachypithecus phayrei_

137. Sela macaque _Macaca selai_

138. Stump-tailed macaque _Macaca arctoides_

139. Tarai Gray Langur _Semnopithecus hector_

140. Tufted Gray Langur _Semnopithecus priam_

141. White-cheeked Macaque _Macaca leucogenys_

**RED PANDA**

142. Himalaya Red Panda _Ailurus fulgens_

143. Chinese Red Panda _Ailurus styani_

**RHINOCEROS**

144. Indian/Greater One-horned Rhinoceros _Rhinoceros unicornis_

**SQUIRRELS**

145. Hairy-footed Flying Squirrel _Belomys pearsonii_

146. Namdhapa Flying Squirrel _Biswamoyopterus_
_biswasi_

147. Woolly Flying Squirrels _All species of the Genus_
_Eupetaurus_

148. Giant Flying Squirrels _All species of the Genus_
_Petaurista_

149. Malabar/Indian Giant Squirrel _Ratufa indica_

150. Malayan Giant Squirrel _Ratufa bicolor_

151. Grizzled Giant Squirrel _Ratufa macroura_

152. Travancore Flying Squirrel _Petinomys_
_fuscocapillus_

**SHREWS**

153. Andaman Shrew _Crocidura_
_andamanensis_

154. Day's Shrew _Suncus dayi_

155. Himalayan Tahr _Hemitragus jemlahicus_

156. NilgiriTahr _Nilgiritragus hylocrius_

71


-----

**TREESHREWS**

157. Nicobar Treeshrew _Tupaia nicobarica_

**WHALES**


158.


Common Minke Whale _Balaenoptera_
_acutorostrata_


159. Sei Whale _Balaenoptera borealis_

160. Bryde's Whale _Balaenoptera edeni_

161. Blue Whale _Balaenoptera musculus_

162. Fin Whale _Balaenoptera physalus_

163. Humpback Whale _Megaptera_
_novaeangliae_

164. Pygmy Killer Whale _Feresa attenuate_

165. Short-finned Pilot Whale _Globicephala_
_macrorhynchus_

166. Killer Whale _Orcinus orca_

167. Melon-headed Whale _Peponocephala electra_

168. False Killer Whale _Pseudorca crassidens_

169. Sperm Whale/Cachalot _Physeter_
_macrocephalus_

170. Pygmy Sperm Whale _Kogia breviceps_

171. Dwarf Sperm Whale _Kogia sima_

172. Blainville's Beaked Whale _Mesoplodon_
_densirostris_

173. Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale _Mesoplodon_
_ginkgodens_

174. Cuvier's Beaked Whale _Ziphius cavirostris_

**WILD CATTLE**

175. Gaur/Indian Bison _Bos gaurus_

176. Wild Yak _Bos mutus_

177. Wild Water Buffalo _Bubalus arnee_

**WILD ASS**

178. Indian Wild Ass _Equus hemionus_

179. Tibetan Wild Ass _Equus kiang_

**WEASELS**

180. Mountain Weasel _Mustela altaica_

181. Siberian Weasel _Mustela sibirica_

182. Yellow-bellied Weasel _Mustela kathiah_

183. Ermine or Short-tailed Weasel Mustela erminea

72


-----

**PART B: BIRDS**

**Sl. No.** **Common name** **Scientific name**

**BARN OWLS**

1. Andaman Barn Owl _Tyto deroepstorffi_

2. Common Barn Owl _Tyto alba_

**BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS**

3. Cinnamon Bittern _Ixobrychus_
_cinnamomeus_

4. White-bellied Heron _Ardea insignis_

5. White-eared Night Heron _Gorsachius magnificus Gorsachius magnificus_

**BUNTINGS**

6. Yellow-breasted Bunting _Emberiza aureola_

**BUSTARDS**

7. Bengal Florican _Houbaropsis_
_bengalensis_

8. Great Indian Bustard _Ardeotis nigriceps_

9. Lesser Florican _Sypheotides indicus_

10. Little Bustard _Tetrax tetrax_

11. Macqueen's Bustard _Chlamydotis_
_macqueenii_

**CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS, AND ALLIES**

12. Grey-crowned Prinia _Prinia cinereocapilla_

13. Rufous-fronted Prinia _Prinia buchanani_

**COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES**

14. Indian Courser _Cursorius_
_coromandelicus_

15. Jerdon's Courser _Rhinoptilus_
_bitorquatus_

**CRANES**

16. Black-necked Crane _Grus nigricollis_

73


-----

17. Common Crane _Grus grus_

18. Demoiselle Crane _Grus virgo_

19. Hooded Crane _Grus monacha_

20. Sarus Crane _Antigone antigone_

21. Siberian Crane _Leucogeranus_
_leucogeranus_

**CROWS AND ALLIES**

22. Andaman Treepie _Dendrocitta bayleii_

**DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS**

23. Andaman Teal _Anas albogularis_

24. Baer's Pochard _Aythya baeri_

25. Common Pochard _Aythya ferina_

26. Cotton Pygmy Goose _Nettapus_
_coromandelianus_

27. Fulvous Whistling Duck _Dendrocygna bicolor_

28. Marbled Teal _Marmaronetta_
_angustirostris_

29. Pink-headed Duck _Rhodonessa_
_caryophyllacea_

30. White-headed Duck _Oxyura leucocephala_

31. White-winged Wood Duck _Asarcornis scutulata_

**FALCONS**

32. Amur Falcon _Falco amurensis_

33. Laggar Falcon _Falco jugger_

34. Peregrine Falcon _Falco peregrinus_

35. Red-necked Falcon _Falco chicquera_

36. Saker Falcon _Falco cherrug_

**FINFOOTS**

37. Masked Finfoot _Heliopais personatus_

**FLYCATCHERS, CHATS AND ALLIES**

38. Chinese Rubythroat _Calliope tschebaiewi_

39. Hodgson's Bushchat _Sa.xicola insignis_

40. Kashmir Flycatcher _Ficedula subrubra_

41. Large Blue Flycatcher _Cyornis magnirostris_

42. Nilgiri Sholakili _Sholicola major_

74


-----

43. White-bellied Sholakili _Sholicola albiventris_

**FRIGATEBIRDS**

44. Christmas Island Frigatebird _Fregata andrewsi_

**FROGMOUTHS**

45. Hodgson's Frogmouth _Batrachostomus_
_hodgsoni_

46. Sri Lanka Frogmouth _Batrachostomus_
_moniliger_

**GULLS AND TERNS**

47. Black-bellied Tern _Sterna acuticauda_

48. Gull-billed Tern _Gelochelidon nilotica_

49. Indian Skimmer _Rynchops albicollis_

50. River Tern _Sterna aurantia_

**HORNBILLS**

51. Austen's Brown Hornbill _Anorrhinus austeni_

52. Great Hornbill _Buceros bicornis_

53. Malabar Grey Hornbill _Ocyceros griseus_

54. Malabar Pied Hornbill _Anthracoceros_
_coronatus_

55. Narcondam Hornbill _Rhyticeros narcondami_

56. Oriental Pied Hornbill _Anthracoceros_
_albirostris_

57. Rufous-necked Hornbill _Aceros nipalensis_

58. Wreathed Hornbill _Rhyticeros undulatus_

**IBISBILL**

59. Eurasian Spoonbill _Platalea leucorodia_

60. Ibisbill _Ibidorhyncha_
_struthersii_

**KINGFISHERS**

61. Blyth's Kingfisher _Alcedo hercules_

**KITES, HAWKS, EAGLES AND VULTURES**

62. Andaman Serpent Eagle _Spilornis elgini_

75


-----

63. Bearded Vulture _Gypaetus barbatus_

64. Besra _Accipiter virgatus_

65. Black Baza _Aviceda leuphotes_

66. Black Eagle _Ictinaetus malaiensis_

67. Bonelli's Eagle _Aquila fasciata_

68. Booted Eagle _Hieraaetus pennatus_

69. Brahminy Kite _Haliastur indus_

70. Changeable Hawk Eagle _Nisaetus cirrhatus_

71. Chinese Sparrowhawk _Accipiter soloensis_

72. Cinereous Vulture _Aegypius monachus_

73. Common Buzzard _Buteo buteo_

74. Crested Goshawk _Accipiter trivirgatus_

75. Crested Serpent Eagle _Spilomis cheela_

76. Eastern Imperial Eagle _Aquila heliaca_

77. Eastern Marsh Harrier _Circus spilonotus_

78. Egyptian Vulture _Neophron percnopterus_

79. Eurasian Sparrowhawk _Accipiter nisus_

80. Golden Eagle _Aquila chrysaetos_

81. Greater Spotted Eagle _Clanga clanga_

82. Grey-faced Buzzard _Butastur indicus_

83. Grey-headed Fish Eagle _Haliaeetus ichthyaetus_

84. Griffon Vulture _Gyps.fulvus_

85. Hen Harrier _Circus cyaneus_

86. Himalayan Buzzard _Buteo refectus_

87. Himalayan Vulture _Gyps himalayensis_

88. Indian Spotted Eagle _Clanga hastata_

89. Indian Vulture _Gyps indicus_

90. Japanese Sparrowhawk _Accipiter gularis_

91. Jerdon's Baza _Aviceda jerdoni_

92. Lesser Fish Eagle _lcthyophaga humilis_

93. Long-legged Buzzard _Buteo rufinus_

94. Montagu's Harrier _Circuspygargus_

95. Mountain Hawk Eagle _Nisaetus nipalensis_

96. Nicobar Serpent Eagle _Spilomis klossi_

97. Nicobar Sparrowhawk _Accipiter butleri_

98. Northern Goshawk _Accipiter gentilis_

99. Pallas's Fish Eagle _Haliaeetus leucoryphus_

100. Pallid Harrier _Circus macrourus_

101. Pied Harrier _Circus melanoleucos_

102. Red Kite _Milvus milvus_

103. Red-headed Vulture _Sarcogyps calvus_

76


-----

104. Rufous-bellied Eagle _Lophotriorchis kienerii_

105. Shikra _Accipiter badius_

106. Short-toed Snake Eagle _Circaetus gallicus_

107. Slender-billed Vulture _Gyps tenuirostris_

108. Steppe Eagle _Aquila nipalensis_

109. Tawny Eagle _Aquila rapax_

110. Upland Buzzard _Buteo hemilasius_

111. Western Marsh Harrier _Circus aeruginosus_

112. White-bellied Sea Eagle _Haliaeetus leucogaster_

113. White-eyed Buzzard _Butastur teesa_

114. White-rumped Vulture _Gyps bengalensis_

115. White-tailei Sea Eagle _Haliaeetus albicilla_

**LAUGIDNGTHRUSHES AND LARGE**
**BABBLERS**

116. Ashambu Laughingthrush _Montecincla_
_meridionalis_

117. Banasura Laughingthrush _Montecincla jerdoni_

118. Bar-winged Wren Babbler _Spelaeornis_
_troglodytoides_

119. Brown-capped Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron austeni_

120. Bugun Liocichla _Liocichla bugunorum_

121. Chestnut-backed Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus nuchalis_

122. Grey-sided Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus caerulatus_

123. Jerdon's Babbler _Chrysomma altirostre_

124. Moustached Laughingthrush _Ianthocincla cineracea_

125. Nilgiri Laughingthrush _Montecincla_
_cachinnans_

126. Sikkim Wedge-billed Babbler _Stachyris humei_

127. Slender-billed Babbler _Argya longirostris_

128. Snowy-throated Babbler _Stachyris oglei_

129. Tawny-breasted Wren Babbler _Spelaeornis_
_longicaudatus_

**LOCUSTELLA WARBLERS AND ALLIES**

130. Bristled Grassbird _Schoenicola striatus_

131. Broad-tailed Grassbird _Schoenicola platyurus_


132. West Himalayan Bush Warbler

**MEGAPODES**


_Locustella_
_kashmirensis_


133. Nicobar Megapode _Megapodius_
_nicobariensis_

**MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES**

77


-----

134. Small Minivet _Pericrocotus_
_cinnamomeus_

**MUNIAS**

135. Green Munia _Amandava Formosa_

**NUTHATCHES**

136. Beautiful Nuthatch _Sitta formosa_

**OSPREY**

137. Osprey _Pandion haliaetus_

**OWLS**

138. Brown Fish Owl _Ketupa zeylonensis_

139. Brown Wood Owl _Strix leptogrammica_

140. Buffy Fish Owl _Ketupa ketupu_

141. Eurasian Eagle Owl _Bubo bubo_

142. Forest Owlet _Athene blewitti_

143. Indian Eagle Owl _Bubo bengalensis_

144. Mottled Wood Owl _Strix ocellate_

145. Northern Long-eared Owl _Asio otus_

146. Short-eared Owl _Asio flammeu_

147. Spot-bellied Eagle Owl _Bubo nipalensis_

148. Tawny Fish Owl _Ketupa flavipes_

**PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES**

149. Black-breasted Parrotbill _Paradoxornis Paradoxornis f/.avirostris_
_flavirostris_

**PARROTS & PARAKEETS**

150. Lord Derby's Parakeet _Psittacula derbiana_

151. Red-breasted Parakeet _Psittacula alexandri_

**PARTRIDGES, QUAILS, AND PHEASANTS**

152. Blood Pheasant _Ithaginis cruentus_

78


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153. Blyth's Tragopan _Tragopan blythii_

154. Cheer Pheasant _Catretts wallichii_

155. Chestnut-breasted Partridge _Arborophila mandellii_

156. Green Peafowl _Pavo muticus_

157. Grey Junglefowl _Gallus sonneratii_

158. Grey Peacock Pheasant _Polyplectron_
_bicalcaratum_

159. Himalayan Monal _Lophophorus_
_impejanus_

160. Himalayan Quail _Ophrysia superciliosa_

161. Indian Peafowl _Pavo cristatus_

162. Kalij Pheasant _Lophura leucomelanos_

163. Manipur Bush Quail _Perdicula_
_manipurensis_

164. MountaiWBamboo Partridge _Bambusicola fytchii_

165. Mrs Hume's Pheasant _Syrmaticus humiae_

166. Satyr Tragopan _Tragopan satyra_

167. Sclater's Monal _Lophophorus sclateri_

168. Swamp Francolin _Francolinus gularis_

169. Temminck's Tragopan _Tragopan temminckii_

170. Tibetan Ear Pheasant _Crossoptilon harmani_

171. Tibetan Partridge _Perdix hodgsoniae_

172. Tibetan Snowcock _Tetraogallus tibetanus_

173. Western Tragopan _Tragopan_
_melanocephalus_

**PIGEONS AND DOVES**

174. Andaman Green Pigeon _Treron chloropterus_

175. Nicobar Pigeon _Caloenas nicobarica_

176. Nilgiri Wood Pigeon _Columba elphinstonii_

177. Pale-capped Pigeon _Columba punicea_

178. Yellow-eyed Pigeon _Columba eversmanni_

**PIPITS AND WAGTAILS**

179. Forest Wagtail _Dendronanthus indicus_

180. Nilgiri Pipit _Anthus nilghiriensis_

**PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS**

181. Pacific Golden Plovet: _Pluvialis falva_

182. Sociable Lapwing _Vanellus gregarius_

## SANDPIPERS

79


-----

## 183. Common Greenshank. Tringa nebularia

 184. Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris

 185. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea

 186. Wood Snipe Gallinago
 nemoricola

 SCIMITAR BABBLERS AND ALLIES

 187. Mishmi Wren Babbler Spelaeornis  badeigularis

 188. Naga Wren Babbler Spelaeornis chocolatinus

 SMALL BABBLERS, FULVETTAS AND
 ALLIES

 189. Marsh Babbler Pellomeum palustre

 190. Rufous-vented Grass Babbler Laticilla burnesii

 191. Swamp Grass Babbler Laticilla cinerascens

 STARLINGS AND MYNA

 192. Common Hill Myna Gracula religiosa

 193. Southern Hill Myna Gracula indica

# STORKS

## 194. Greater Adjutant Leptoptilos dubius

 195. Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus

 196. White Stork Ciconia Ciconia

# SWIFTS

## 197. Crested Treeswift Hemiprocne coronata

 198. Dark-rumped Swift Apus acuticauda

 199. Glossy Swiftlet Collocalia esculenta

 200. Indian Swiftlet Aerodramus unicolor

 THRUSHES AND ALLIES

 201. Nilgiri Thrush Zoothera neilgherriensis

 TROGONS

80


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## 202. Ward's Trogon Harpactes wardi
 TITS
 203. White-naped Tit Machlolophus  nuchalis

 WEAVERS

 204. Finn's Weaver Ploceus megarhynchus

 WOODPECKERS AND ALLIES

 205. Andaman Woodpecker Dryocopus hodgei
 206. Great Slaty Woodpecker M ulleripicus pulverulentus
 207. Heart-spotted Woodpecker Hemicircus canente
 208. Yellow-crowned Woodpecker Leiopicus mahrattensis

 PART C: REPTILES


## No. Common Name

 BOAS


## Scientific Name


## 1. Red Sand Boa Eryx johnii
 2. Whitaker's Boa Eryx whitakeri

 CROCODILES
 3. Gharial Gavia/is gangeticus
 4. Marsh Crocodile Crocodylus palustris
 5. Saltwater Crocodile Crocodylus porosus
 CHAMELEON

# 6. Indian Chameleon Chamaeleo
## zeylanicus
 GECKOS

# 7. Andaman Giant gecko Gekko verreauxi

## 8. Bangalore Geckoella Cyrtodactylus srilekhae
 9. Horsfield's Gliding Gecko Gekko horsfieldii

81


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10. Indian Golden Gecko _Calodactylodes_
## aureus
 11. Jeypore Ground Gecko Cyrtodactylus jeyporensis

12. Leopard Geckos I Eyelid All species of the
Genus

Geckos _Eublepharis_

## 13. Nicobar Gliding Gecko Gekko nicobarensis

14. Rishi Valley Geckoella _Cyrtodactylus_
## rishivalleyensis
 15. Smith's Green-eyed Gecko Gekko smithii

16. Smooth-backed Gliding Gecko _Gekko lionotum_

17. Tokay Gecko _Gekko gecko_

## KING COBRA


## 18..


Indian Cobras


All species of the
Genus Naja


19. King Cobra All species of the
Genus

## Ophiophagus

 LIZARDS

20. Indian Spiny Tailed Lizard _Saara hardwickii_

## MONITORS

21. Bengal Monitor _Varanus bengalensis_

22. Desert Monitor _Varanus g riseus_

23. Water Monitor _Varanus salvator_

24. Yellow Monitor _Varanusjl. avescens_

## OTHER SNAKES

25. Checkered Keelback _Fowlea piscator_

## 26. Dhaman or Indian Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa

27. Dog-faced Water Snake _Cerberus rynchops_

28. Indian Egg Eating Snake _Boiga westennanni_

29. Olive Keelback Water Snake _Atretium schistosum_

30. Russell's Viper _Daboia russelii_

## PYTHONS

31. Pythons All species of the
Genus Python

32. Reticulated Python _Malayopython_
## reticulates
 TURTLES & TORTOISES

82


-----

## 33. Arnboina Box Turtle Cuora amboinensis
 34. Asian Giant Softshell Turtle Pelochelys cantorii
 35. Asian Giant Tortoise Manouria emys
 36. Asiatic Softshell Turtle Amyda cartilaginea
 37. Assam Roofed Turtle Pangshura sylhetensis_
 38. Black Softshell Turtle Nilssonia nigricans
 39. Cochin Forest Cane Turtle Vijayachelys silvatica
 40. Crowned River Turtle Harde/la thurjii
 41. Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas
 42. Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata
 43. Indian Eyed Turtle Morenia petersi
 44. Indian Flap Shell Turtle Lissemys punctata
 45. Indian Narrow-headed Chitra indica
 46. Softshell Turtle Indian Roofed Turtle Pangshura tecta
 47. Indian Softshell Turtle Nilssonia gangetica
 48. Indian Star Tortoise Geochelone elegans
 49. Indian Tent Turtle Pangshura tentoria
 50. Keeled box Turtle Cuora mouhotii
 51. Leatherback Turtle Dermochelys coriacea
 52. Leith' s Softshell Turtle Nilssonia leithii
 53. Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta
 54. Northern River Terrapin Batagur baska
 55. Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Lepidochelys olivacea
 56. Peacock Softshell Turtle Nilssonia hurum
 57. Red-crowned Roofed Turtle Batagur kachuga
 58. Sal forest Tortoise lndotestudo elongata
 59. Spotted Pond Turtle Geoclemys amiltonii
 60. Three-striped Roofed Turtle Batagur dhongoka
 61.  Travancore Tortoise lndotestudo travancorica
 62. Tricarinate Hill Turtle  Melanochelys   tricarinata
 PART D: AMPHIBIANS
 No. Common Name Scientific Name
 1. Crocodile Newt Tylototriton verrucosus
 2. Himalayan Salamander Tylototriton himalayanus
 3. Koyna Toad Xanthophryne koynayensis
 4. Purple Frogs All species of the Genus Nasikabatrachus
 2 .

83


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## PART E: FIS H E S 

 No. Common Names Scientific Name

 GROUPER

# 1. Giant Grouper Epinephelus
## lanceolatus

 SEAHORSES

 2. Seahorses and Pipefishes All species in the        Famil y Syngnathidae

 RAYS

 3. Bottlenose Wedgefish Rhynchobatus australiae
 4. Bowmouth Guitarfish Rhina ancylostoma
 5. Clubnose Guitarfish Glaucostegus thouin
 6. Ganges Stingray Himanturafluviatilis
 7 . Giant Freshwater Urogymnus polylepis
 Whipray

 8. Giant Guitarfish Rhynchobatus djiddensis
 9. Giant Manta Mobula birostris
 10. Porcupine Whipray Urogymnus asperrimus
 11. Reef Manta Mobula alfredi
 12. Smoothnose Wedgefish Rhynchobatus laevis
 13. Widenose Guitarfish Glaucostegus obtusus
 SAWFISHES

 14. Common sawfish Pristis pristis
 15. Dwarf sawfish Pristis clavata

# 16. Green Sawfish Pristis zijsron

## 17. Nanuw Sawfish Anoxypristis cuspidata

# SHARKS

## 18. Gangetic Shark Glyphis gangeticus

# 19. Pondicherry Shark Carcharhinus
## hemiodon

 20. Whale Shark Rhincodon typus

 PART F: ECHINODERMATA

84


-----

## No. Common Name Scientific Name


## 1.


##  Sea Cucumber All species of the
 Class Holothuroidea

# PART G: MOLLUSCA


## No. Common Name

 CLAMS


## Scientific Name


## 1. Auted Giant Clam Tridacna squamosa

 2. Horse's Hoof Clam Hippopus hippopus

 3. Small Giant Clam Tridacna maxima

 CONES

 4. Glory of India Conus milneedwardsi

# HELMET SHELLS

## 5. Homed Helmet Shell/ King Shell Cassis comuta

 NAUTILUS

 6. Emperor Nautilus/ Chambered nautilus Nautilus pompiliu s

# SHELLS

## 7. Bull Mouth Helmet/ Queenshell Cypraecassis rufa

# TRUMPETS

## 8. Triton's Trumpet shell Charania tritonis

# SPIRALS

## 9. Spiral Tudicla Tudicla spirillus

        PART H: ARTHROPODS (OTHER THAN INSECTS)

85


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## No. Common Name Scientific Name

1. Coconut or Robber Crab _Birgus latro_

## PART I: BUTTERFLIES
 (LEPIDOPTERA)


## No. Common name  Family


## Scientific name Lycaenidae


## 1. Andaman Tailless Arhopala zeta
 Oakblue
 2. Blue Posy Drupadia scaeva
 3. Broad banded Simiskina phalena
 Brilliant
 4. Cachar Mandarine Charana cepheis
 Blue
 5. Chapman's Hedge Notarthrinus binghami
 Blue

# 6. Chestnut-and-plack Tajuria yajna

## Royal
 7. Chinese Hairstreak Amblopala avidiena
 8. Chocolate Bushblue Arhopala ariel
 9. Comic Oak.blue Arhopala comica
 10. Ferrar's Cerulean ]amides ferrari
 11. Ferruginous Ahlbergia leechii
 Hairstreak

# 12. Great Brownie Gerydus symethus

## 13. Great Dark.ie Allotinus drumila

# 14. Hybrid Sapphire Heliophorus hybrida

## 15. Kanara Oakblue Arhopala alea
 16. Mackwood 's Strymon mackwoodi
 Hairstreak
 17. Moth Butterfly Liphyra brassolis
 18. Naga Hedge Blue Oreolyce dohertyi

# 19. Opal Oakblue Arhopala opalina

## 20. Paona Hairstreak Shirozuozephyrus paona
 21. Peacock Hairstreak Euaspa pavo
 22. Plain Tailless Oak.blue Arhopala asopia
 23. Purple-brown Tailless Arhopala arvina
 Oak.blue
 24. Tytler's Dull Oakblue Arhopala ace
 25. Watson's Hairstreak Theda letha
 26. Watson's Mottle Logania watsoniana
 Family Nympbalidae

86


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27. Andaman King Crow _Euploea midamus roepstorffi_

28. Bamboo Tree Brown _Lethe europa_

29. Banded Duffer _Discophora deo_

30. Bhutan Sergeant _Athyma jina_

31. Bhutan Treebrown _Lethe margaritae_

32. Blue Baron _Euthalia telchinia_

33. Blue Begam _Prothoe franck regalis_

34. Blue Duke _Euthalia durga_

35. Blue Nawab _Polyura schreiber_

36. Branded Yeoman _Algia fasciata_

37. Camberwell Beauty _Nymphalis antiopa yedanula_

38. Chestnut Rajah _Charaxes dumfordi_

39. Commc;)Il Duffer _Discophora sondaica_

40. Dark Wall _Lasiommata menava_

41. Dismal Mystic _Lethe ocellata_

42. Dull Forester _Lethe gulnihal_

43. Eastern Courtier _Sophisa chandra_

44. Empress _Sasakia funebris_

45. Freak _Calinaga buddha_

46. Fuliginous Sailer _Neptis ebusa ebusa_

47. Golden Emperor _Dillpa morgiana_

48. Grand Duke _Euthalia iva_

49. Hockeystick Sailer _Neptis nycteus_

50. Hockeystick Sailer _Phaedyma aspasia_

51. Malay Staff Sergeant _Athyma reta moorei_

52. Malayan Nawab _Polyura moori sandakana_

53. Manipur Fivering _Ypthima persimilis_

54. Mottled Argus _Loxerebia narasirigha_

55. Naga Duke _Euthalia curvifascia_

56. Northern Jungle _Stichophthalma camadeva_

Queen

57. Orchid Tit _Chlioria othona_

58. Pallid Forester _Lethe satyavati_

59. Peal's Palmfly _Elymnias peali_

60. Pointed Palmfly _Elymnias penaga_

61. Purple Bushbrown _Mycalesis orseis_

62. Scarce Blue Tiger _Tirumala gautama_

63. Scarce Catseye _Coelites nothis_

64. Scarce Jester _Symbrenthia silana_

65. Scarce Lilacfork _Lethe dura_

66. Scarce Red Forester _Lethe distans_

67. Scarce Siren _Hestina nicevillei_

68. Scarce White _Sumalia zulema_

Commodore

69. Single Silverstripe _Lethe ramadeva_

70. Spotted Black Crow _Euploea crameri_

87


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71. Tawny Emperor _Chitoria ulupi_

72. Tytler' s Emperor _Eulaceura manipurensis_

73. Tytler's Treebrown _Lethe gemina_

74. White Emperor _Helcyra hemina_

75. White Spot Fritilliary _Argynnis hegmone_

**Family** **Papilionidae**

76. Banded Apollo _Parnassius delphius_

77. Black Windmill _Byasa crassipes_

78. Chinese Windmill _Byasa plutonius_

79. Common Clubtail _Losaria coon_

80. de Niceville's _Byasa polla_

Windmill

81. Hannyngton Apollo _Pamassius hannyngtoni_

82. Himalayan Bhutan _Bhutanitis lidderdalii_

Glory

83. Imperial Apollo _Pamassius imperator_

84. Kaiser-i-Hind _Teinopalpus imperialis_

85. Krishna Peacock _Papilio krishna_

86. Ladak Banded Apollo _Parnassius stoliczkanus_

87. Malabar Banded _Papilio liomedon_

Swallowtail

88. Mystical Bhutan _Bhutanitis ludlowi_

Glory

89. Nevill' s Windmill _Byasa nevilli_

90. Varnished Apollo _Parnassius acco_

91. Yellow-crested _Papilio elephenor_

Spangle

**Family** **Pieridae**

92. Butler's Dwarf _Baltia butleri_

93. Dwarf Clouded _Colias dubia_

Yellow

94. Green Banded White _Pieris krueperi_

95. Lemon Clouded _Colias thrasibulus_

Yellow

96. Pale Jezabel _Delias sanaca._

**PART J: ODONATA (DRAGONFLY)**

**No.** **Common name** **Scientific name**


1. Himalayan Relict

Dragonfly


_Epiophlebia laidlawi_


88


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**PART K : CORALS**

## No. Common name Scientific name

1. Black Coral All species of the Order Antipatharia

2. Blue Coral All species from the following Families in the


Order Helioporacea: Aulopsammiidae, Helioporidae,

and Lithotelestidae


3. False Corals All species of the Order Corallimorpharia

4. Fire Coral All species of the Genus Millepora

5. Organ Pipe Coral _Tubipora musica_

6. Sea Anemones All species from the following Families in the


Order Actiniaria: Actinernidae, Halcuriidae,

and Edwardsiidae


7. Sea Pens All species from the following Families in the


Order Pennatulacea: Anthoptilidae, Chunellidae,

_Echinoptilidae, Funiculinidae, Kophobelemnidae,_

_Protoptilidae, Pse udumbell ulidae, Renillidae,_

_Scleroptilidae, Stachyptilidae, Umbellutidae,_

_Veretiltidae, Balticinidae, Pennatulidae,_

and Virgulariidae


8. Soft Corals All species from the following Families in the


Order Alcyonacea:Acanthoaxiidae, Chelidonisididae,

_Pa rasphaerascleridae, Nephtheidae, Alcyoniidae,_

_Clavulariidae, Xeniidae, Cornulariidae,_

_Subergorgiidae, Pleaxauridae, Ellisellidae,_

_Melithaeidae, and Briareidae_


9. Stony Coral All species of the Order Scleractinia

10. Tube-dwelling All species of the following Families of the

Anemones Order Penicillaria : Pennatulidae, Anthoptilidae,


_Scleroptilidae, Halipteridae, and Protoptilidae_


11. Tube-dwelling


All species of the Order Spirularia


Anemones


12. Zoanthids All species of the Order Zooantharia

89


-----

**SCHEDULE II**


**(See Sections 9, 11, 12, 38-1, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 48A, 49, 50, 51, 54 and 57)**


**PART A: MAMMALS**

**No. Common Name** **Scientific Name**


**ANTELOPE**


1. Nilgai _Boselaphus tragocamelus_


**BADGERS**


2. Burmese/Large toothed Ferret Badger _Melogale personal a_

3. Chinese/Small-toothed Ferret Badger _Melogale moschata_


**BATS**


4. Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat _Hipposideros durgadasi_

5. Indian Flying Fox _Pteropus giganteus_

6. Mitred Horseshoe Bat _Rhinolophus mitratus_

7. Peters's Tubenosed Bat _Harpiola grisea_

8. Rainforest Tube-nosed Bat _Murina pluvialis_

9. Sombre Bat _Eptesicus tatei_


**CETACEANS**


10. Cetacean species All species of the Infraorder Cetacea other than those


listed in Schedule I


**DEER**


11. Spotted Deer/Chital _Axis axis_


**HARES**


12. Desert Hare _Lepus tibetanus_

13. Indian Hare _Lepus nigricollis_

14. Woolly Hare _Lepus oiostolus_


**HEDGEHOGS**


15. Bare-bellied Hedgehog _Paraechinus nudiventris_

16. Indian Hedgehog _Paraechinus micropus_

90


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17. Indian Long-eared Hedgehog _Hemiechinus collaris_


**OTHER RODENTS**


18. Andaman Rat _Rattus stoicus_

19. Car Nicobar Rat _Rattus palmarum_

20. Cutch Rock Rat _Cremnomys cutchicus_

21. Royle's Mountain Vole _Alticola roylei_

22. Sahyadris Forest Rat _Rattus satarae_


**PIG**


23. Wild Pig _Sus scrofa_


**PRIMATES**


24. Northern Plains Gray/Hanuman


_Semnopithecus entellus_


Langur


**SHREWS**


25. Andaman Spiny Shrew _Crocidura hispida_

26. Assam Mole Shrew _Anourosorex assamensis_

27. Indian Highland Shrew _Suncus niger_

28. Jenkin's Shrew _Crocidu ra jenkinsi_

29. Madras Treeshrew _Anathema ellioti_

30. Narcondam Shrew _Crocidura narcondamica_

31. Nicobar Shrew _Crocidura nicobarica_


**SQUIRRELS**


32. Jungle Palm Squirrel _Funambulus tristriatus_

33. Orange-bellied Himalayan Squirrel _Dremomys lokriah_


**TREE MICE**


34. Spiny Tree Mouse _Platacanthomys lasiurus_


**PART B: BIRDS**


91


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**Sl.**

**No.**


**Common Name** **Scientific Name**


**ACCENTORS**


1. Alpine Accentor _Prunella collaris_

2. Altai Accentor _Prunella himalayana_

3. Black-throated Accentor _Prunella atrogularis_

4. Brown Accentor _Prunella fulvescens_

5. Maroon-backed Accentor _Prunella immaculata_

6. Robin Accentor _Prunella rubeculoides_

7. Rufous-breasted Accentor _Prunella strophiata_


**BARBETS**


8. Blue-eared Barbet _Psilopogon duvaucelii_

9. Blue-throated Barbet _Psilopogon asiaticus_

10. Brown-headed Barbet _Psilopogon zeylanicus_

11. Coppersmith Barbet _Psilopogon haemacephalus_

12. Golden-throated Barbet _Psilopogon franklinii_

13. Great Barbet _Psilopogon virens_

14. Lineated Barbet _Psilopogon lineatus_

15. Malabar Barbet _Psilopogon malabaricus_

16. White-cheeked Barbet _Psilopogon viridis_


**BARN OWLS**


17. Eastern Grass Owl _Tyto longimembris_

18. Oriental Bay Owl _Phodilus badius_

19. Sri Lanka Bay Owl _Phodilus assimilis_


**BEE-EATERS**


20. Blue-bearded Bee-eater _Nyctyornis athertoni_

21. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater _Merops persicus_

22. Blue-tailed Bee-eater _Merops philippinus_

23. Blue-throated Bee-eater _Merops viridis_

24. Chestnut-headed Bee-eater _Merops leschenaulti_

25. European Bee-eater _Merops apiaster_

26. Green Bee-eater _Merops orientalis_


**BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS**


92


-----

27. Black Bittern _Ixobrychus flavicollis_

28. Black-crowned Night Heron _Nycticorax nycticorax_

29. Cattle Egret _Bubulcus ibis_

30. Chinese Egret _Egretta eulophotes_

31. Chinese Pond Heron _Ardeola bacchus_

32. Goliath Heron _Ardea goliath_

33. Great Bittern _Botaurus stellaris_

34. Great Egret _Ardea alba_

35. Grey Heron _Ardea cinerea_

36. Indian Pond Heron _Ardeola grayii_

37. Intermediate Egret _Ardea intermedia_

38. Javan Pond Heron _Ardeola speciosa_

39. Little Bittern _Ixobrychus minutus_

40. Little Egret _Egretta garzetta_

41. Malayan Night Heron _Gorsachius melanolophus_

42. Pacific Reef Egret _Egretta sacra_

43. Purple Heron _Ardea purpurea_

44. Striated Heron _Butorides striata_

45. Western Reef Egret _Egretta gularis_

46. Yellow Bittern _Ixobrychus sinensis_


**NORTHERN STORM-PETRELS**


47. Swinhoe's Storm-petrel _Oceanodroma monorhis_


**BROADBILLS**


48. Long-tailed Broadbill _Psarisomus dalhousiae_

49. Silver-breasted Broadbill _Serilophus lunatus_


**BULBULS**


50. Andaman Bulbul _Brachypodius fuscoflavescens_

51. Ashy Bulbul _Hemixos flavala_

52. Black Bulbul _Hypsipetes leucocephalus_

53. Black-crested Bulbul _Rubigula flaviventris_

54. Black-headed Bulbul _Brachypodius melanocephalos_

55. Cachar Bulbul _Iole cacharensis_

56. Crested Finchbill _Spizixos canifrons_

57. Flame-throated Bulbul _Rubigula gularis_

93


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58. Flavescent Bulbul _Pycnonotus flavescens_

59. Grey-headed Bulbul _Brachypodius priocephalus_

60. Himalayan Bulbul _Pycnonotus leucogenis_

61. Mountain Bulbul _Ixos mcclellandii_

62. Nicobar Bulbul _Ixos nicobariensis_

63. Red-vented Bulbul _Pycnonotus cafer_

64. Red-whiskered Bulbul _Pycnonotus jocosus_

65. Square-tailed Bulbul _Hypsipetes ganeesa_

66. Striated Bulbul _Alcurus striatus_

67. White-browed Bulbul _Pycnonotus luteolus_

68. White-eared Bulbul _Pycnonotus leucotis_

69. White-throated Bulbul _Alophoixus flaveolus_

70. Yellow-browed Bulbul _Acritillas indica_

71. Yellow-throated Bulbul _Pycnonotus xantholaemus_


**BUNTINGS**


72. Black-faced Bunting _Emberiza spodocephala_

73. Black-headed Bunting _Emberiza melanocephala_

74. Chestnut Bunting _Emberiza rutila_

75. Chestnut-eared Bunting _Emberiza fucata_

76. Crested Bunting _Emberiza lathami_

77. Eurasian Reed Bunting _Emberiza schoeniclus_

78. Godlewski's Bunting _Emberiza godlewskii_

79. Grey-necked Bunting _Emberiza buchanani_

80. Little Bunting _Emberiza pusilia_

81. Ortolan Bunting _Emberiza hortulana_

82. Pine Bunting _Emberiza leucoccphalos_

83. Red-headed Bunting _Emberiza bruniceps_

84. Rock Bunting _Emberiza cia_

85. Rustic Bunting _Emberiza rustica_

86. Striolated Bunting _Emberiza striolata_

87. Tristram's Bunting _Emberiza tristrami_

88. White-capped Bunting _Emberiza steward_

89. Yellow-browed Bunting _Emberiza chrysophrys_

90. Yellowhammer _Emberiza citrinella_


**BUTTONQUAILS**


91. Barred Buttonquail _Turnix suscitalor_

92. Small Buttonquail _Turnix sylvaticus_

94


-----

93. Yellow-legged Buttonquail _Turnix tanki_


**CANARY-FLYCATCHERS AND ALLIES**


94. Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher _Culicicapa ceylonensis_

95. Yellow-bellied Fantail _Chelidorhynx hypoxanthus_


**CETTIA WARBLERS AND ALLIES**


96. Aberrant Bush Warbler _Hororn is flavolivaceus_

97. Ashy-throated Warbler _Phylloscopus maculipennis_

98. Asian Stubtail _Urosphena squameiceps_

99. Black-faced Warbler _Abroscopus schisticeps_

100. Booted Warbler _Iduna caligata_

101. Broad-billed Warbler _Tickellia hodgsoni_

102. Brooks's Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus subviridis_

103. Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler _Horornis fortipes_

104. Buff-barred Warbler _Phylloscopus puleher_

105. Buff-throated Warbler _Phylloscopus subaffinis_

106. Cetti's Warbler _Cettia cetti_

107. Chestnut-crowned Bush Warbler _Cettia major_

108. Chestnut-headed Tesia _Cettia castaneocoronata_

109. Chinese Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus yunnanensis_

110. Common Chiffchaff _Phylloscopus collybita_

111. Crested Tit Warbler _Leptopoecile elegans_

112. Dusky Warbler _Phylloscopus fuscatus_

113. Green Warbler _Phylloscopus nitidus_

114. Green-crowned Warbler _Phylloscopus burkii_

115. Greenish Warbler _Phylloscopus trochiloides_

116. Grey-bellied Tesia _Tesia cyaniventer_

117. Grey-cheeked Warbler _Phylloscopus poliogenys_

118. Grey-crowned Warbler _Phylloscopus tephrocephalus_

119. Grey-sided Bush Warbler _Cettia brunnifrons_

120. Hume's Bush Warbler _Horornis brunnescens_

121. Hume's Warbler _Phylloscopus humei_

122. Lanceolated Warbler _Locustella lanceolata_

123. Large-billed Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus magnirostris_

124. Lemon-rumped Warbler _Phylloscopus chloronotus_

125. Manchurian Bush Warbler _Horornis cantunans_

126. Mountain Chiffchaff _Phylloscopus sindianus_

127. Mountain Tailorbird _Phyllergates cucullatus_

95


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128. Pale-footed Bush Warbler _Urosphena pallidipes_

129. Pale-legged Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus tenellipes_

130. Plain Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus neglectus_

131. Rufous-faced Warbler _Abroscopus albogularis_

132. Rusty-rumped Warbler _Helopsaltes certhiola_

133. Sakhalin Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus borealoides_

134. Sichuan Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus forresti_

135. Slaty-bellied Tesia _Tesia olivea_

136. Smoky Warbler _Phylloscopus fuligiventer_

137. Sulphur-bellied Warbler _Phylloscopus griseolus_

138. Sykes's Warbler _Iduna rama_

139. Thick-billed Warbler _Arundinax aedon_

140. Tickell's Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus affinis_

141. Two-barred Warbler _Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus_

142. Whistler's Warbler _Phylloscopus whistleri_

143. White-browed Tit Warbler _Leptopoecile sophiae_

144. White-spectacled Warbler _Phylloscopus intermedius_

145. Willow Warbler _Phylloscopus trochilus_

146. Wood Warbler _Phylloscopus sibilatrix_

147. Yellow-bellied Warbler _Abroscopus superciliaris_

148. Yellow-browed Warbler _Phylloscopus inornatus_


**CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS, AND ALLIES**


149. Ashy Prinia _Prinia socialis_

150. Black-throated Prinia _Prinia atrogularis_

151. Common Tailorbird _Orthotomus sutorius_

152. Dark-necked Tailorbird _Orthotomus atrogularis_

153. Golden-headed Cisticola _Cisticola exilis_

154. Graceful Prinia _Prinia gracilis_

155. Grey-breasted Prinia _Prinia hodgsonii_

156. Hill Prinia _Prinia superciliaris_

157. Jungle Prinia _Prinia sylvatica_

158. Plain Prinia _Prinia inornata_

159. Rufescent Prinia _Prinia rufescens_

160. Striated Prinia _Prinia crinigera_

161. Yellow-bellied Prinia _Prinia flaviventris_

162. Zitting Cisticola _Cisticola juncidis_


**CORMORANTS**


96


-----

163. Great Cormorant _Phalacrocorax car bo_

164. Indian Cormorant _Phalacrocorax fuscicollis_

165. Little Cormorant _Microcarbo niger_


**COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES**


166. Collared Pratincole _Glareola pratincola_

167. Cream-coloured Courser _Cursorius cursor_

168. Oriental Pratincole _Glareola maldivarum_

169. Small Pratincole _Glareola lactea_


**CRAB-PLOVER**


170. Crab-plover _Dromas ardeola_


**CROWS AND ALLIES**


171. Black-headed Jay _Garrutus lanceolatus_

172. Carrion Crow _Corvus corone_

173. Collared Treepie _Dendrocitta frontalis_

174. Common Green Magpie _Cissa chinensis_

175. Common Raven _Corvus corax_

176. Eurasian Jackdaw _Corvus monedula_

177. Eurasian Jay _Garrulus glandarius_

178. Eurasian Magpie _Pica pica_

179. Grey Treepie _Dendrocitta formosae_

180. Hooded Crow _Corvus comix_

181. Large-billed Crow _Corvus macrorhynchos_

182. Large-spotted Nutcracker _Nucifraga multipunctata_

183. Pied Crow _Corvus albus_

184. Red-billed Blue Magpie _Urocissa erythroryncha_

185. Red-billed Chough _Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax_

186: Rook _Corvus frugilegus_

187. Rufous Treepie _Dendrocitta vagabunda_

188. Spotted Nutcracker _Nucifraga caryocatactes_

189. White-bellied Treepie _Dendrocitta leucogastra_

190. Yellow-billed Blue Magpie _Urocissa flavirostris_

191. Yellow-billed Chough _Pyrrhocorax graculus_


**CUCKOOS**


97


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192. Andaman Coucal _Centropus andamanensis_

193. Asian Emerald Cuckoo _Chrysococcyx maculatus_

194. Asian Koel _Eudynamys scolopaceus_

195. Banded Bay Cuckoo _Cacomantis sonneratii_

196. Blue-faced Malkoha _Phaenicophaeus viridirostris_

197. Chestnut-winged Cuckoo _Clamator coromandus_

198. Common Cuckoo _Cuculus canorus_

199. Common Hawk Cuckoo _Hierococcyx varius_

200. Fork-tailed Drongo Cuckoo _Surniculus dicruroides_

201. Greater Coucal _Centropus sinensis_

202. Green-billed Malkoha _Phaenicophaeus tristis_

203. Grey-bellied Cuckob _Cacomantis passerinus_

204. Hodgson's Hawk Cuckoo _Hierococcyx nisicolor_

205. Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo _Chrysococcyx basalis_

206. Indian Cuckoo _Cuculus micropterus_

207. Large Hawk Cuckoo _Hierococcyx sparverioides_

208. Lesser Coucal _Centropus bengalensis_

209. Lesser Cuckoo _Cuculus poliocephalus_

210. Oriental Cuckoo _Cuculus optatus_

211. Pied Cuckoo _Clamator jacobinus_

212. Plaintive Cuckoo _Cacomantis merulinus_

213. Sirkeer Malkoha _Taccocua leschenaultii_

214. Square-tailed Drongo Cuckoo _Surniculus lugubris_

215. Violet Cuckoo _Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus_


**DARTERS**


216. Oriental Darter _Anhinga melanogaster_


**DIPPERS**


217. Brown Dipper _Cinclus pallasii_

218. White-throated Dipper _Cinclus cinclus_


**DIVERS**


219. Black-throated Diver _Gavia arctica_

220. Red-throated Diver _Gavia stellata_


**DRONGOS**


98


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221. Andaman Drongo _Dicrurus andamanensis_

222. Ashy Drongo _Dicrurus leucophaeus_

223. Black Drongo _Dicrurus macrocercus_

224. Bronzed Drongo _Dicrurus aeneus_

225. Crow-billed Drongo _Dicrurus annectens_

226. Greater Racket-tailed Drongo _Dicrurus paradiseus_

227. Hair-crested Drongo _Dicrurus hottentottus_

228. Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo _Dicrurus retnifer_

229. White-bellied Drongo _Dicrurus caerulescens_


**DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS**


230. Baikal Teal _Sibirionetta formosa_

231. Bar-headed Goose _Anser indicus_

232. Bean Goose _Anser fabcdis_

233. Common Goldeneye _Bucephala clangula_

234. Common Merganser _Mergus merganser_

235. Common Shelduck _Tadorna tadorna_

236. Common Teal _Anas crecca_

237. Eastern Spot-billed Duck _Anas zonorhyncha_

238. Eurasian Wigeon _Mareca penelope_

239. Falcated Duck _Mareca falcata_

240. Ferruginous Duck _Aythya nyroca_

241. Gadwall _Mareca strepera_

242. Garganey _Spatula querquedula_

243. Greater Scaup _Aythya marila_

244. Greater White-fronted Goose _Anser albifrons_

245. Greylag Goose _Anser anser_

246. Indian Spot-billed Duck _Anas poecilorhyncha_

247. Knob-billed Duck _Sarkidiornis melanotos_

248. Lesser Whistling Duck _Dendrocygna javanica_

249. Lesser White-fronted Goose _Anser erythropus_

250. Long tailed Duck _Clangula hyemalis_

251. Mallard _Anas platyrhynchos_

252. Mandarin Duck _Aix galericulata_

253. Mute Swan _Cygnus olor_

254. Northern Pintail _Anas acuta_

255. Northern Shoveler _Spatula clypeata_

256. Red-breasted Goose _Branta ruficollis_

257. Red-breasted Merganser _Mergus senator_

258. Red-crested Pochard _Netta rufina_

99


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259. Ruddy Shelduck _Tadorn a ferruginea_

260. Smew _Mergellus albellus_

261. Tufted Duck _Aythyafuligula_

262. Tundra Swan _Cygnus columbianus_

263. Whooper Swan _Cygnus cygnus_


**ELACHURA**


264. Spotted Elachura _Elachura formosa_


**FAIRY-BLUEBIRDS**


265. Asian Fairy-bluebird _Irena pueila_


**FALCONS**


266. Collared Falconet _Microhierax caerulescens_

267. Common Kestrel _Falco tinnunculus_

268. Eurasian Hobby _Falco subbuteo_

269. Lesser Kestrel _Falco naumanni_

270. Merlin _Falco columbarius_

271. Oriental Hobby _Falco severus_

272. Pied Falconet _Microhierax melanoleucos_

273. Red-footed Falcon _Falco vespertinus_


**FANTAILS**


274. Spot-breasted Fantail _Rhipidura albogularis_

275. White-browed Fantail _Rhipidura aureola_

276. White-throated Fantail _Rhipidura albicollis_


**FINCHES**


277. Black-and-yellow Grosbeak _Mycerobas icterioides_

278. Black-headed Greenfinch _Chloris ambigua_

279. Blanford's Rosefinch _Agraphospiza rubescens_

280. Blyth's Rosefinch _Carpodacus grandis_

281. Brambling _Fringilla montifringilla_

282. Brandt's Mountain Finch Leucosticte brandti

283. Brown Bullfinch _Pyrrhula nipalensis_

284. Chinese White-browed Rosefinch _Carpodacus dubius_

285. Collared Grosbeak _Mycerobas affinis_

100


-----

286. Common Chaffinch _Fringilla coelebs_

287. Common Linnet _Linaria cannabina_

288. Common Rosefinch _Carpodacus erythrinus_

289. Crimson-browed Finch _Carpodacus subhimachalus_

290. Crimson-winged Finch _Rhodopechys sanguineus_

291. Dark-breasted Rosefinch _Procarduelis nipalensis_

292. Dark-rumped Rosefinch _Carpodacus edwardsii_

293. Desert Finch _Rhodospiza obsoleta_

294. Eurasian Siskin _Spinus spinus_

295. European Goldfinch _Carduelis carduelis_

296. Fire-fronted Serin _Serinus pusillus_

297. Gold-naped Finch _Pyrrhoplectes epauletta_

298. Great Rosefinch _Carpodacus rubicilla_

299. Grey-headed Bullfinch _Pyrrhula erythaca_

300. Hawfinch _Coccothraustes coccothraustes_

301. Himalayan Beautiful Rosefinch _Carpodacus pulcherrimus_

302. Himalayan White-browed Rosefmch _Carpodacus thura_

303. Mongolian Finch _Bucanetes mongolicus_

304. Orange Bullfinch _Pyrrhula aurantiaca_

305. Pale Rockfinch _Carpospiza brachydactyla_

306. Pale Rosefinch _Carpodacus stoliczkae_

307. Pink-browed Rosefinch _Carpodacus rodochroa_

308. Pink-rumped Rosefinch _Carpodacus waltoni_

309. Plain Mountain Finch _Leucosticte nemoricola_

310. Red Crossbill _Loxia curvirostra_

311. Red-fronted Rosefinch _Carpodacus puniceus_

312. Red-headed Bullfinch _Pyrrhula erythrocephala_

313. Scarlet Finch _Carpodacus sipahi_

314. Sillem's Rosefinch _Carpodacus sillemi_

315. Spectacled Finch _Callacanthis burtoni_

316. Spot-winged Grosbeak _Mycerobas melanozanthos_

317. Spot-winged Rosefinch _Carpodacus rodopeplus_

318. Streaked Rosefinch _Carpodacus rubicilloides_

319. Three-banded Rosefinch _Carpodacus trifasciatus_

320. Tibetan Siskin _Spinus thibetanus_

321. Trumpeter Finch _Bucanetes githagineus_

322. Twite _Linaria flavirostris_

323. Vinaceous Rosefinch _Carpodacus vinaceus_

324. White-winged Grosbeak _Mycerobas carnipes_

325. Yellow-breasted Greenfinch _Chtoris spinoides_

101


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**FLAMINGOS**


326. Greater Flamingo _Phoenicopterus roseus_

327. Lesser Flamingo _Phoeniconaias minor_


**FLOWERPECKERS**


328. Andaman Flowerpecker _Dicaeum virescens_

329. Fire-breasted Flowerpecker _Dicaeum ignipectus_

330. Nilgiri Flowerpecker _Dicaeum concolor_

331. Pale-billed Flowerpecker _Dicaeum erythrorhynchos_

332. Plain Flowerpecker _Dicaeum minullum_

333. Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker _Dicaeum cruentatum_

334. Thick-billed Flowerpecker _Dicaeum agile_

335. Yellow-bellied Flowerpecker _Dicaeum melanozanthum_

336. Yellow-vented Flowerpecker _Dicaeum chrysorrheum_


**FLYCATCHERS, CHATS AND ALLIES**


337. Andaman Shama _Copsychus albiventris_

338. Asian Brown Flycatcher _Muscicapa dauurica_

339. Black Redstart _Phoenicurus ochruros_

340. Black-and-orange Flycatcher _Ficedula nigrorufa_

341. Black-backed Forktail _Enicurus immaculatus_

342. Blue Rock Thrush _Monticola solitarius_

343. Blue Whistling Thrush _Myophonus caeruleus_

344. Blue-and-white Flycatcher _Cyanoptila cyanomelana_

345. Blue-capped Redstart _Phoenicurus coeruleocephala_

346. Blue-capped Rock Thrush _Monticola cinclorhyncha_

347. Blue-fronted Redstart _Phoenicu rus frontalis_

348. Blue-fronted Robin _Cinclidiumfrontale_

349. Bluethroat _Luscinia svecica_

350. Blue-throated Flycatcher _Cyornis rubeculoides_

351. Brown Rock Chat _Oenanthe fusea_

352. Brown-breasted Flycatcher _Muscicapa muttui_

353. Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush _Monticola rufiventris_

354. Common Redstart _Phoenicurus phoenicurus_

355. Dark-sided Flycatcher _Muscicapa sibirica_

356. Daurian Redstart _Phoenicurus auroreus_

357. Desert Wheatear _Oenanthe deserti_

358. Eversmann's Redstart _Phoenicurus erythronotus_

102


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359. Ferruginous Flycatcher _Muscicapa ferruginea_

360. Finsch's Wheatear _Oenanthe finschii_

361. Firethroat _Calliope pectardens_

362. Golden Bush Robin _Tarsiger chrysaeus_

363. Gould's Shortwing _Heteroxenicus stellatus_

364. Grey Bushchat _Saxicola ferreus_

365. Hill Blue Flycatcher _Cyornis banyumas_

366. Himalayan Bush Robin _Tarsiger rufilatus_

367. Himalayan Rubythroat _Calliope pectoralis_

368. Himalayan Shortwing _Brachypteryx cruralis_

369. Hodgson's Redstart _Phoenicurus hodgsoni_

370. Hume's Wheatear _Oenanthe albonigra_

371. Indian Blue Robin _Larvivora brunnea_

372. Indian Robin _Copsychus fulicatus_

373. Isabelline Wheatear _Oenanthe isabellina_

374. Jerdon's Bushchat _Saxicola jerdoni_

375. Large Niltava _Niltava grandis_

376. Lesser Shortwing _Brachypteryx leucophris_

377. Little Forktail _Enicurus scouleri_

378. Little Pied Flycatcher _Ficedula westermanni_

379. Malabar Whistling Thrush _Myophonus horsfieldii_

380. Mugimaki Flycatcher _Ficedula mugimaki_

381. Nicobar Jungle Flycatcher _Cyornis nicobaricus_

382. Nilgiri Flycatcher _Eumyias albicaudatus_

383. Northern Wheatear _Oenanthe oenanthe_

384. Oriental Magpie Robin _Copsychus saularis_

385. Pale Blue Flycatcher _Cyornis unicolor_

386. Pale-chinned Flycatcher _Cyornis poliogenys_

387. Pied Bushchat _Saxicola caprata_

388. Pied Wheatear _Oenanthe pleschanka_

389. Plumbeous Water Redstart _Phoenicurus fuliginosus_

390. Pygmy Blue Flycatcher _Ficedula hodgsoni_

391. Red-breasted Flycatcher _Ficedula parva_

392. Red-flanked Bush Robin _Tarsiger cyanurus_

393. Red-tailed Wheatear _Oenanthe chrysopygia_

394. Rufous-bellied Niltava _Niltava sundara_

395. Rufous-breasted Bush Robin _Tarsiger hyperythrus_

396. Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher _Ficedula strophiata_

397. Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush _Monticola saxatilis_

398. Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin _Cercotrichas galactotes_

399. Rusty-bellied Shortwing _Brachypteryx hyperythra_

400. Rusty-tailed Flycatcher _Ficedula ruficauda_

103


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401. Sapphire Flycatcher _Ficedula sapphira_

402. Siberian Blue Robin _Larvivora cyane_

403. Siberian Rubythroat _Calliope calliope_

404. Siberian Stonechat _Saxicola maurus_

405. Slaty-backed Flycatcher _Ficedula erithacus_

406. Slaty-backed Forktail _Enicurus schistaceus_

407. Slaty-blue Flycatcher _Ficedula tricolor_

408. Small Niltava _Niltava macgrigoriae_

409. Snowy-browed Flycatcher _Ficedula hyperythra_

410. Spotted Flycatcher _Muscicapa striata_

411. Spotted Forktail _Enicurus maculatus_

412. Stoliczka's Bushchat _Saxicola macrorhynchus_

413. Taiga Flycatcher _Ficedula albicilla_

414. Tickell's Blue Flycatcher _Cyornis tickelliae_

415. Ultramarine Flycatcher _Ficedula superciliaris_

416. Variable Wheatear _Oenanthe picata_

417. Verditer Flycatcher _Eumyias thalassinus_

418. Vivid Niltava _Niltava vivida_

419. White-bellied Blue Flycatcher _Cyornis pallidipes_

420. White-bellied Redstart _Luscinia phaenicuroides_

421. White-browed Bush Robin _Tarsiger indicus_

422. White-capped Redstart _Phoenicurus leucocephalus_

423. White-crowned Forktail _Enicurus leschenaulti_

424. White-gorgeted Flycatcher _Anthipes monileger_

425. White-rumped Shama _Copsychus malabaricus_

426. White-tailed Blue Flycatcher _Cyornis concretus_

427. White-tailed Robin _Myiomela leucura_

428. White-tailed Stonechat _Saxicola leucurus_

429. White-throated Redstart _Phoenicurus schisticeps_

430. White-winged Redstart _Phoenicurus erythrogastrus_

431. Yellow-rumped Flycatcher _Ficedula zanthopygia_

432. Zappey's Flycatcher _Cyanoptila cumatilis_


**FRIGATEBIRDS**


433. Great Frigatebird _Fregata minor_

434. Lesser Frigatebird _Fregata ariel_


**GANNETS AND BOOBIES**


104


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435. Brown Booby _Sula leucogaster_

436. Masked Booby _Sula dactylatra_

437. Red-footed Booby _Sula sula_


**GOLDCRESTS**


438. Goldcrest _Regulus regulus_


**GREBES**


439. Black-necked Grebe _Podiceps nigricollis_

440. Great Crested Gyebe _Podiceps cristatus_

441. Horned Grebe _Podiceps auritus_

442. Little Grebe _Tachybaptus ruficollis_

443. Red-necked Grebe _Podiceps grisegena_


**GULLS AND TERNS**


444. Arctic Tern _Sterna paradisaea_

445. Black Noddy _Anous minutus_

446. Black Tern _Chlidonias niger_

447. Black-headed Gull _Chroicocephalus ridibundus_

448. Black-legged Kittiwake _Rissa tridactyla_

449. Black-naped Tern _Sterna sumatrana_

450. Bridled Tern _Onychoprion anaethetus_

451. Brown Noddy _Anous stolidus_

452. Brown-headed Gull _Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus_

453. Caspian Gull _Larus cachinnans_

454. Caspian Tern _Hydroprogne caspia_

455. Common Tern _Sterna hirundo_

456. Franklin's Gull _Leucophaeus pipixcan_

457. Greater Crested Tern _Thalasseus bergii_

458. Lesser Black-backed Gull _Larus fuscus_

459. Lesser Crested Tern _Thalasseus bengalensis_

460. Lesser Noddy _Anous tenuirostris_

461. Little Gull _Hydrocoloeus minutus_

462. Little Tern _Sternula albifrons_

463. Mew Gull _Larus canus_

464. Mongolian Gull _Larus smithsonianus mongolicus_

465. Pallas's Gull _Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus_

466. Roseate Tern _Sterna dougallii_

105


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467. Sabine's Gull _Xema sabini_

468. Sandwich Tern _Thalasseus sandvicensis_

469. Saunders's Tern _Sternula saundersi_

470. Slender-billed Gull _Chroicocephalus genei_

471. Sooty Gull _Ichthyaetus hemprichii_

472. Sooty Tern _Onychoprionfuscatus_

473. Whiskered Tern _Chlidonias hybrida_

474. White Tern _Gygis alba_

475. White-cheeked Tern _Sterna repressa_

476. White-eyed Gull _Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus_

477. White-winged Tern _Chlidonias leucopterus_


**HONEYGUIDES**


478. Yellow-rumped Honeyguide _Indicator xanthonotus_


**HOOPOES**


479. Common Hoopoe _Upupa epops_


**HORNBILLS**


480. Indian Grey Hornbill _Ocyceros birostris_


**HYPOCOLIUS**


481. Grey Hypocolius _Hypocolius ampelinus_


**IBISES AND SPOONBILLS**


482. Black-headed Ibis _Threskiornis melanocephalus_

483. Glossy Ibis _Plegadis falcinellus_

484. Red-naped Ibis _Pseudibis papillosa_


**IORAS**


485. Common Iora _Aegithina tiphia_

456. Marshall's Iora _Aegithina nigrolutea_


**JACANAS**


487. Bronze winged Jacana _Metopidius indicus_

106


-----

488. Pheasant-tailed Jacana _Hydrophasianus chirurgus_


**KINGFISHERS**


489. Black-capped Kingfisher _Halcyon pileata_

490. Blue-eared Kingfisher _Alcedo meninting_

491. Brown-winged Kingfisher _Pelargopsis amauroptera_

492. Collared Kingfisher _Todiramphus chloris_

493. Common Kingfisher _Alcedo atthis_

494. Crested Kingfisher _Megaceryle lugubris_

495. Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher _Ceyx erithaca_

496. Pied Kingfisher _Ceryle rudis_

497. Ruddy Kingfisher _Halcyon coromanda_

498. Stork-billed Kingfisher _Pelargopsis capensis_

499. White-throated Kingfisher _Halcyon smymensis_


**KITES, HAWKS AND EAGLES**


500. Black Kite _Milvus migrans_

501. Black-winged Kite _Elanus caeruleus_

502. European Honey Buzzard _Pernis apivorus_

503. Legge's Hawk Eagle _Nisaetus kelaarti_

504. Oriental Honey Buzzard _Pernis ptilorhynchus_

505. Rough-legged Buzzard _Buteo lagopus_


**LARKS**


506. Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark _Eremopterix griseus_

507. Bengal Bushlark _Mirafra assamica_

508. Bimaculated Lark _Melanocorypha bimaculata_

509. Black-crowned Sparrow Lark _Eremopterix nigriceps_

510. Crested Lark _Galerida cristata_

511. Desert Lark _Ammomanes deserti_

512. Eurasian Skylark _Alauda arvensis_

513. Greater Hoopoe Lark _Alaemon alaudipes_

514. Greater Short-toed Lark _Calandrella brachydactyla_

515. Horned Lark _Eremophila alpestris_

516. Hume's Short-toed Lark _Calandrella acutirostris_

517. Indian Bushlark _Mirafra erythroptera_

518. Jerdon's Bushlark _Mirafra affinis_

519. Lesser Short-toed Lark _Alaudala rufescens_

107


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520. Malabar Lark _Galerida malabarica_

521. Oriental Skylark _Alauda gulgula_

522. Rufous-tailed Lark _Ammomanes phoenicura_

523. Sand Lark _Alaudala raytal_

524. Singing Bushlark _Mirafra cantillans_

525. Sykes's Lark _Galerida deva_

526. Sykes's Short-toed Lark _Calandrella dukhunensis_

527. Tibetan Lark _Melanocorypha maxima_


**LAUGHINGTHRUSHES AND LARGE BABBLERS**


528. Assam Laughingthfush _Trochalopteron chrysopterum_

529. Beautiful Sibia _Heterophasia pulchella_

530. Bhutan Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron imbricatum_

531. Black-faced Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron affine_

532. Blue-winged Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron squamatum_

533. Blue-winged Minla _Actinodura cyanouroptera_

534. Brown-cheeked Fulvetta _Alcippe poioicephala_

535. Chestnut-crowned Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron erythroeephalum_

536. Chestnut-tailed Minla _Actinodura strigula_

537. Common Babbler _Argya caudata_

538. Elliot's Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron elliotii_

539. Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus pectoralis_

540. Grey Sibia _Heterophasia gracilis_

541. Himalayan Cutia _Cutia nipalensis_

542. Hoary-throated Barwing _Actinodura nipalensis_

543. Jungle Babbler _Argya striata_

544. Large Grey Babbler _Argya malcolmi_

545. Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush _Garrulax monileger_

546. Long-tailed Sibia _Heterophasia picaoides_

547. Mount Victoria Babax _Pterorhinus woodi_

548. Nepal Fulvetta _Alcippe nipalensis_

549. Palani Laughingthrush _Montecincla fairbanki_

550. Red-billed Leiothrix _Leiothrix lutea_

551. Red-faced Liocichla _Liocichla phoenicea_

552. Red-tailed Minla _Minla ignotincta_

553. Rufous Babbler _Argya subrufa_

554. Rufous Sibia _Heterophasia capistrata_

555. Rufous-backed Sibia _Leioptila annectens_

556. Rufous-chinned Laughingthrush _Ianthocincla rufogularis_

557. Rufous-necked Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus ruficollis_

108


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558. Rufous-vented Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus gularis_

559. Rusty-fronted Barwing _Actinodura egertoni_

560. Scaly Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron subunicolor_

561. Silver-eared Mesia _Leiothrix argentauris_

562. Spot-breasted Laughingthrush _Garrulax merulinus_

563. Spotted Laughingthrush _Ianthocincla ocellata_

564. Streaked Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron lineatum_

565. Streak-throated Barwing _Actinodura waldeni_

566. Striated Babbler _Argya earlei_

567. Striated Laughingthrush _Grammatoptila striata_

568. Striped Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron virgatum_

569. Variegated Laughingthrush _Trochalopteron variegatum_

570. Wayanad Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus delesserti_

571. White-browed Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus sannio_

572. White-crested Laughingthrush _Garrulax leucolophus_

573. White-throated Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus albogularis_

574. Yellow-billed Babbler _Argya affinis_

575. Yellow-throated Laughingthrush _Pterorhinus galbanus_


**LEAF WARBLERS**


576. Arctic Warbler _Phylloscopus borealis_

577. Blyth's Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus reguloides_

578. Chestnut-crowned Warbler _Phylloscopus castaniceps_

579. Claudia's Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus claudiae_

580. Grey-hooded Warbler _Phylloscopus xanthoschistos_

581. Tytler's Leaf Warbler _Phylloscopus tytleri_

582. Western Crowned Warbler _Phylloscopus occipitalis_

583. Yellow-vented Warbler _Phylloscopus cantator_


**LEAFBIRDS**


584. Blue-winged Leafbird _Chloropsis cochinchinensis_

585. Golden-fronted Leafbird _Chloropsis aurifrons_

586. Jerdon's Leafbird _Chloropsis jerdoni_

587. Orange-bellied Leafbird _Chloropsis hardwickii_


**LOCUSTELLA WARBLERS AND ALLIES**


588. Baikal Bush Warbler _Locustella davidi_

589. Brown Bush Warbler _Locustella luteoventris_

109


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590. Chinese Bush Warbler _Locustella tacsanowskia_

591. Grasshopper Warbler _Locustella naevia_

592. Long-billed Bush Warbler _Locustella major_

593. Russet Bush Warbler _Locustella mandelli_

594. Spotted Bush Warbler _Locustella thoracica_

595. Striated Grassbird _Megalurus palustris_


**LONG-TAILED TITS**


596. Black-browed Tit _Aegithalos iouschistos_

597. Black-throated Tit _Aegithalos concinnus_

598. White-cheeked Ti$ _Aegithalos leucogenys_

599. White-throated Tit _Aegithalos niveogularis_


**MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES**


600. Andaman Cuckooshrike _Coracina dobsoni_

601. Ashy Minivet _Pericrocotus divaricatus_

602. Black-headed Cuckooshrike _Lalage melanoptera_

603. Black-winged Cuckooshrike _Lalage melaschistos_

604. Grey-chinned Minivet _Pericrocotus Solaris_

605. Large Cuckooshrike _Coracina macei_

606. Long-tailed Minivet _Pericrocotus ethologus_

607. Orange Minivet _Pericrocotus flammeus_

608. Pied Triller _Lalage nigra_

609. Rosy Minivet _Pericrocotus roseus_

610 Scarlet Minivet _Pericrocotus speciosus_

611. Short-billed Minivet _Pericrocotus brevirostris_

612. Swinhoe's Minivet _Pericrocotus cantonensis_

613. White-bellied Minivet _Pericrocotus erythropygius_


**MONARCHS**


614. Amur Paradise-flycatcher _Terpsiphone incei_

615. Black-naped Monarch _Hypothymis azurea_

616. Blyth's Paradise-flycatcher _Terpsiphone affinis_

617. Indian Paradise-flycatcher _Terpsiphone paradisi_


**MUNIAS**


618. Black-throated Munia _Lonchura kelaarti_

110


-----

619. Chestnut Munia _Lonchura atricapilla_

620. Indian Silverbill _Euodice malabarica_

621. Red Munia _Amandava amandava_

622. Scaly-breasted Munia _Lonchura punctulata_

623. Tricoloured Munia _Lonchura malacca_

624. White-rumped Munia _Lonchura striata_


**NIGHTJARS**


625. Andaman Nightjar _Caprimulgus andamanicus_

626. European Nightjar _Caprimulgus europaeus_

627. Great Eared Nightjar _Lyncornis macrotis_

628. Grey Nightjar _Caprimulgus jotaka_

629. Indian Nightjar _Caprimulgus asiaticus_

630. Jerdon's Nightjar _Caprimulgus atripennis_

631. Jungle Nightjar _Caprimulgus indicus_

632. Large-tailed Nightjar _Caprimulgus macrurus_

633. Savanna Nightjar _Caprimulgus affinis_

634. Sykes's Nightjar _Caprimulgus mahrattensis_


**NUTHATCHES**


635. Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch _Sitta cinnamoventris_

636. Chestnut-vented Nuthatch _Sitta nagaensis_

637. Indian Nuthatch _Sitta castanea_

638. Kashmir Nuthatch _Sitta cashmirensis_

639. Velvet-fronted Nuthatch _Sitta frontalis_

640. White-cheeked Nuthatch _Sitta leucopsis_

641. White-tailed Nuthatch _Sitta himalayensis_

642. Yunnan Nuthatch _Sitta yunnanensis_


**ORIOLES**


643. Black-hooded Oriole _Oriolus xanthornus_

644. Black-naped Oriole _Oriolus chinensis_

645. Eurasian Golden Oriole _Oriolus oriolus_

646. Indian Golden Oriole _Oriolus kundoo_

647. Maroon Oriole _Oriolus traillii_

648. Slender-billed Oriole _Oriolus tenuirostris_


**OWLS**


111


-----

649. Andaman Hawk Owl _Ninox affinis_

650. Andaman Scops Owl _Otus balli_

651. Asian Barred Owlet _Glaucidium cuculoides_

652. Boreal Owl _Aegolius funereus_

653. Brown Hawk Owl _Ninox scutulata_

654. Collared Owlet _Taenioptynx brodiei_

655. Collared Scops Owl _Otus lettia_

656. Dusky Eagle Owl _Bubo coromandus_

657. Eurasian Scops Owl _Otus scops_

658. Himalayan Owl _Strix nivicolum_

659. Hume's Hawk Owl _Ninox obscura_

660. Indian Scops Owl _Otus bakkamoena_

661. Jungle Owlet _Glaucidium radiatum_

662. Little Owl _Athene noctua_

663. Mountain Scops Owl _Otus spilocephalus_

664. Nicobar Scops Owl _Otus alius_

665. Oriental Scops Owl _Otus sunia_

666. Pallid Scops Owl _Otus brucei_

667. Spotted Owlet _Athene brama_

668. Tawny Owl _Strix aluco_


**OYSTERCATCHERS**


669. Eurasian Oystercatcher _Haematopus ostralegus_


**PAINTED-SNIPES**


670. Greater Painted-snipe _Rostratula benghalensis_


**PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES**


671. Black-throated Parrotbill _Suthora nipalensis_

672. Brown Parrotbill _Cholornis unicolor_

673. Brown-throated Fulvetta _Fulvetta ludlowi_

674. Fire-tailed Myzornis _Myzornis pyrrhoura_

675. Fulvous Parrotbill _Suthora fulvifrons_

676. Golden-breasted Fulvetta _Lioparus chrysotis_

677. Great Parrotbill _Conostoma demodium_

678. Grey-headed Parrotbill _Psittiparus gularis_

679. Lesser Rufous-headed Parrotbill _Chleuasicus atrosuperciliaris_

112


-----

680. Manipur Fulvetta _Fulvetta manipurensis_

681. Rufous-headed Parrotbill _Psittiparus bakeri_

682. Spot-breasted Parrotbill _Paradoxornis guttaticollis_

683. White-breasted Parrotbill _Psittiparus ruficeps_

684. White-browed Fulvetta _Fulvetta vinipectus_

685. Yellow-eyed Babbler _Chrysomma sinense_


**PARROTS**


686. Alexandrine Parakeet _Psittacula eupatria_

687. Blossom-headed Parakeet _Psittacula roseata_

688. Grey-headed Parakeet _Psittacula finschii_

689. Long-tailed Parakeet _Psittacula longicauda_

690. Malabar Parakeet _Psittacula columboides_

691. Nicobar Parakeet _Psittacula caniceps_

692. Plum-headed Parakeet _Psittacula cyanocephala_

693. Rose-ringed Parakeet _Psittacula krameri_

694. Slaty-headed Parakeet _Psittacula himalayana_

695. Vernal Hanging Parrot _Loriculus vernalis_


**PARTRIDGES, QUAILS, AND PHEASANTS**


696. Black Francolin _Francolinus francolinus_

697. Blue-breasted Quail _Synoicus chinensis_

698. Chinese Francolin _Francolinus pintadeanus_

699. Chukar Partridge _Alectoris chukar_

700. Common Quail _Coturnix coturnix_

701. Grey Francolin _Francolinus pondicerianus_

702. Hill Partridge _Arborophila torqueola_

703. Himalayan Snowcock _Tetraogallus himalayensis_

704. Japanese Quail _Coturnix_ _japonica (excluding_ birds of the

farm bred variety)

705. Jungle Bush Quail _Perdicula asiatica_

706. Koklass Pheasant _Pucrasia macrolopha_

707. Painted Bush Quail _Perdicula erythrorhyncha_

708. Painted Francolin _Francolinus pictus_

709. Painted Spurfowl _Galloperdix lunulata_

710. Rain Quail _Coturnix coromandelica_

711. Red Junglefowl _Gallus gallus_

712. Red Spurfowl _Galloperdix spadicea_

713. Rock Bush Quail _Perdicula argoondah_

113


-----

714. Rufous-throated Partridge _Arborophila rufogularis_

715. Snow Partridge _Lerwa lerwa_

716. White-cheeked Partridge _Arborophila atrogularis_


**PELICANS**


717. Dalmatian Pelican _Pelecanus crispus_

718. Great White Pelican _Pelecanus onocrotalus_

719. Spot-billed Pelican _Pelecanus philippensis_


**PENDULINE TITS**


720. White-crowned Penduline Tit _Remiz coronatus_


**PETRELS AND SHEARWATERS**


721. Barau's Petrel _Pterodroma baraui_

722. Cory's Shearwater _Calonectris borealis_

723. Flesh-footed Shearwater _Ardenna carneipes_

724. Jouanin's Petrel _Bulweriafallax_

725. Persian Shearwater _Puffinus persicus_

726. Short-tailed Shearwater _Ardenna tenuirostris_

727. Streaked Shearwater _Calonectris leucomelas_

728. Tropical Shearwater _Puffinus bailloni_

729. Wedge-tailed Shearwater _Ardenna pacifica_


**PIGEONS AND DOVES**


730. Andaman Cuckoo Dove _Macropygia rufipennis_

731. Andaman Wood Pigeon _Columba palumboides_

732. Ashy Wood Pigeon _Columba pulchricollis_

733. Ashy-headed Green Pigeon _Treron phayrei_

734. Asian Emerald Dove _Chalcophaps indica_

735. Barred Cuckoo Dove _Macropygia unchall_

736. Common Wood Pigeon _Columba palumbus_

737. Eurasian Collared Dove _Streptopelia decaocto_

738. European Turtle Dove _Streptopelia turtur_

739. Green Imperial Pigeon _Ducula aenea_

740. Grey-fronted Green Pigeon _Treron affinis_

741. Hill Pigeon _Columba rupestris_

742. Laughing Dove _Streptopelia senegalensis_

114


-----

743. Mountain Imperial Pigeon _Ducula badia_

744. Namaqua Dove _Oena capensis_

745. Nicobar Imperial Pigeon _Ducula nicobarica_

746. Orange-breasted Green Pigeon _Treron bicinctus_

747. Oriental Turtle Dove _Streptopelia orientalis_

748. Pied Imperial Pigeon _Ducula bicolor_

749. Pin-tailed Green Pigeon _Treron apicauda_

750. Red Collared Dove _Streptopelia tranquebarica_

751. Snow Pigeon _Columba leuconota_

752. Speckled Wood Pigeon _Columba hodgsonii_

753. Spotted Dove _Streptopelia chinensis_

754. Thick-billed Green Pigeon _Treron curvirostra_

755. Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon _Treron sphenurus_

756. Yellow-footed Green Pigeon _Treron phoenicopterus_


**PIPITS AND WAGTAILS**


757. Blyth's Pipit _Anthus godlewskii_

758. Buff-bellied Pipit _Anthus rubescens_

759. Citrine Wagtail _Motacilla citreola_

760. Eastern Yellow Wagtail _Motacilla tschutschensis_

761. Grey Wagtail _Motacilla cinerea_

762. Long-billed Pipit _Anthus similis_

763. Meadow Pipit _Anthus pratensis_

764. Olive-backed Pipit _Anthus hodgsoni_

765. Paddyfield Pipit _Anthus rufulus_

766. Red-throated Pipit _Anthus cervinus_

767. Richard's Pipit _Anthus richardi_

768. Rosy Pipit _Anthus roseatus_

769. Tawny Pipit _Anthus campestris_

770. Tree Pipit _Anthus trivialis_

771. Upland Pipit _Anthus sylvanus_

772. Water Pipit _Anthus spinoletta_

773. Western Yellow Wagtail _Motacilla flava_

774. White Wagtail _Motacilla alba_

775. White-browed Wagtail _Motacilla maderaspatensis_


**PITTAS**


776. Blue Pitta _Hydrorhis cyaneus_

777. Blue naped Pitta _Hydrornis nipalensis_

115


-----

778. Blue-winged Pitta _Pitta moluccensis_

779. Hooded Pitta _Pitta sordida_

780. Indian Pitta _Pitta brachyura_

781. Mangrove Pitta _Pitta megarhyncha_


**PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS**


782. American Golden Plover _Pluvialis dominica_

783. Caspian Plover _Charadrius asiaticus_

784. Common Ringed Plover _Charadrius hiaticula_

785. Eurasian Golden Plover _Pluvialis apricaria_

786. Greater Sand Plover _Charadrius leschenaultii_

787. Grey Plover _Pluvialis squatarola_

788, Grey-headed Lapwing _Vanellus cinereus_

789. Kentish Plover _Charadrius alexandrinus_

790. Lesser Sand Plover _Charadrius mongolus_

791. Little Ringed Plover _Charadrius dubius_

792. Long-billed Plover _Charadrius placidus_

793. Northern Lapwing _Vanellus vanellus_

794. Oriental Plover _Charadrius veredus_

795. Red-wattled Lapwing _Vanellus indicus_

796. River Lapwing _Vanellus duvaucelii_

797. White-tailed Lapwing _Vanellus leucurus_

798. Yellow-wattled Lapwing _Vanellus malabaricus_


**RAILS AND COOTS**


799. Andaman Crake _Rallina canningi_

800. Baillon's Crake _Zapornia pusilla_

801. Black-tailed Crake _Zapornia bicolor_

802. Brown Crake _Zapornia akool_

803. Brown-cheeked Rail _Rallus indicus_

804. Common Moorhen _Gallinula chloropus_

805. Corncrake _Crex crex_

806. Eurasian Coot _Fulica atra_

807. Grey-headed Swamphen _Porphyrio poliocephalus_

808. Little Crake _Zapornia parva_

809. Ruddy-breasted Crake _Zapornia fusca_

810. Slaty-breasted Rail _Lewinia striata_

811. Slaty-legged Crake _Rallina eurizonoides_

812. Spotted Crake _Porzana porzana_

116


-----

813. Water Rail _Rallus aquaticus_

814. Watercock _Gallicrex cinerea_

815. White-breasted Waterhen _Amaurornis phoenicurus_

816. White-browed Crake _Poliolimnas cinereus_


**REED WARBLERS AND ALLEES**


817. Black-browed Reed Warbler _Acrocephalus bistrigiceps_

818. Blunt-winged Warbler _Acrocephalus concinens_

819. Blyth's Reed Warbler _Acrocephalus dumetorum_

820. Clamorous Reed Warbler _Acrocephalus stentoreus_

821. Great Reed Warbler _Acrocephalus arundinaceus_

822. Large-billed Reed Warbler _Acrocephalus orinus_

823. Moustached Warbler _Acrocephalus melanopogon_

824. Oriental Reed Warbler _Acrocephalus orientalis_

825. Paddyfield Warbler _Acrocephalus agricola_

826. Sedge Warbler _Acrocephalus schoenobaenus_


**ROLLERS**


827. Dollarbird _Eurystomus orientalis_

828. European Roller _Coracias garrulus_

829. Indian Roller _Coracias benghalensis_

830. Indochinese Roller _Coracias affinis_


**SANDGROUSES**


831. Black-bellied Sandgrouse _Pterocles orientalis_

832. Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse _Pterocles exustus_

833. Painted Sandgrouse _Pterocles indicus_

834. Pallas's Sandgrouse _Syrrhaptes paradoxus_

835. Pin-tailed Sandgrouse _Pterocles alchata_

836. Spotted Sandgrouse _Pterocles senegallus_

837. Tibetan Sandgrouse _Syrrhaptes tibetanus_


**SANDPIPERS**


838. Asian Dowitcher _Limnodromus semipalmatus_

839. Bar-tailed Godwit _Limosa lapponica_

840. Black-tailed Godwit _Limosa limosa_

841. Broad-billed Sandpiper _Calidris falcinellus_

117


-----

842. Buff-breasted Sandpiper _Calidris subruficollis_

843. Common Redshank _Tringa totanus_

844. Common Sandpiper _Actitis hypoleucos_

845. Common Snipe _Gallinago gallinago_

846. Curlew Sandpiper _Calidris ferruginea_

847. Dunlin _Calidris alpina_

848. Eurasian Curlew _Numenius arquata_

849. Eurasian Woodcock _Scolopax rusticola_

850. Great Snipe _Gallinago media_

851. Green Sandpiper _Tringa ochropus_

852. Grey-tailed Tattler _Tringa brevipes_

853. Jack Snipe _Lymnocryptes minimus_

854. Little Stint _Calidris minuta_

855. Long-billed Dowitcher _Limnodromus scolopaceus_

856. Long-toed Stint _Calidris subminuta_

857. Marsh Sandpiper _Tringa stagnatilis_

858. Pectoral Sandpiper _Calidris melanotos_

859. Pintail Snipe _Gallinago stenura_

860. Red Knot _Calidris canutus_

861. Red Phalarope _Phalaropus fulicarius_

862. Red-necked Phalarope _Phalaropus lobatus_

863. Red-necked Stint _Calidris ruficollis_

864. Ruddy Turnstone _Arenaria interpres_

865. Ruff _Calidris pugnax_

866. Sanderling _Calidris alba_

867. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper _Calidris acuminata_

868. Solitary Snipe _Gallinago solitaria_

869. Spotted Redshank _Tringa erythropus_

870. Swinhoe's Snipe _Gallinago megala_

871. Temminck's Stint _Calidris temminckii_

872. Terek Sandpiper _Xenus cinereus_

873. Whimbrel _Numenius phaeopus_

874. Wood Sandpiper _Tringa glareola_


**SCIMITAR BABBLERS AND ALLIES**


875. Black-chinned Babbler _Cyanoderma pyrrhops_

876. Buff-chested Babbler _Cyanoderma ambiguum_

877. Cachar Wedge-billed Babbler _Stachyris roberti_

118


-----

878. Chestnut-capped Babbler _Timalia pileata_

879. Chin Hills Wren Babbler _Spelaeornis oatesi_

880. Coral-billed Scimitar Babbler _Pomatorhinus ferruginosus_

881. Dark-fronted Babbler _Dumetia atriceps_

882. Golden Babbler _Cyanoderma chrysaeum_

883. Grey-bellied Wren Babbler _Spelaeornis reptatus_

884. Grey-throated Babbler _Stachyris nigriceps_

885. Indian Scimitar Babbler _Pomatorhinus horsfieldii_

886. Large Scimitar Babbler _Erythrogenys hypoleucos_

887. Pin-striped Tit Babbler _Mixornis gularis_

888. Red-billed Scimitar Babbler _Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps_

889. Rufous-capped Babbler _Cyanoderma ruficeps_

890. Rufous-throated Wren Babbler _Spelaeornis caudatus_

891. Rusty-cheeked Scimitar Babbler _Erythrogenys erythrogenys_

892. Slender-billed Scimitar Babbler _Pomatorhinus superciliaris_

893. Spot-breasted Scimitar Babbler _Erythrogenys mcclellandi_

894. Streak-breasted Scimitar Babbler _Pomatorhinus ruficollis_

895. Tawny-bellied Babbler _Dumetia hyperythra_

896. White-browed Scimitar Babbler _Pomatorhinus schisticeps_


**SHRIKE-BABBLERS AND ALLIES**


897. Black-eared Shrike-babbler _Pteruthius melanotis_

898. Black-headed Shrike-babbler _Pteruthius rufiventer_

899. Blyth's Shrike-babbler _Pteruthius aeralatus_

900. Clicking Shrike-babbler _Pteruthius intermedius_

901. Green Shrike-babbler _Pteruthius xanthochlorus_

902. Himalayan Shrike-babbler _Pteruthius ripleyi_

903. White-bellied Erpornis _Erpornis zantholeuca_


**SHRIKES**


904. Bay-backed Shrike _Lanius vittatus_

905. Brown Shrike _Lanius cristatus_

906. Burmese Shrike _Lanius collurioides_

907. Great Grey Shrike _Lanius excubitor_

908. Grey-backed Shrike _Lanius tephronotus_

909. Isabelline Shrike _Lanius isabellinus_

910. Lesser Grey Shrike _Lanius minor_

911. Long-tailed Shrike _Lanius schach_

119


-----

912. Masked Shrike _Lanius nubicus_

913. Red-backed Shrike _Lanius collurio_

914. Red-tailed Shrike _Lanius phoenicuroides_

915. Woodchat Shrike _Lanius senator_


**SKUAS**


916. Arctic Skua _Stercorarius parasiticus_

917. Brown Skua _Stercorarius antarcticus_

918. Long-tailed Skua _Stercorarius longicaudus_

919. Pomarine Skua _Stercorarius pomarinus_

920. South Polar Skua _Stercorarius maccormicki_

**SMALL** **BABBLERS,** **FULVETTAS**


**AND ALLIES**


921. Abbott's Babbler _Malacocincla abbotti_

922. Buff-breasted Babbler _Pellorneum tickelli_

923. Eyebrowed Wren Babbler _Napothera epilepidota_

924. Indian Grassbird _Graminicola bengalensis_

925. Long-billed Wren Babbler _Napothera malacoptila_

926. Puff-throated Babbler _Pellorneum ruficeps_

927. Rufous-diroated Fulvetta _Schoeniparus rufogularis_

928. Rufous-winged Fulvetta _Schoeniparus castaneceps_

929. Rusty-capped Fulvetta _Schoeniparus dubius_

930. Spot-uiroated Babbler _Pellorneum albiventre_

931. Streaked Wren Babbler _Gypsophila brevicaudata_

932. White-hooded Babbler _Gampsorhynchus rufulus_

933. Yellow-throated Fulvetta _Schoeniparus cinereus_


**SOUTHERN STORM-PETRELS**


934. Black-bellied Storm-petrel _Fregetta tropica_

935. White-faced Storm-petrel _Pelagodroma marina_

936. Wilson's Storm-petrel _Oceanites oceanicus_


**SPARROWS AND SNOWFINCHES**


937. Black-winged Snowfinch _Montifringilla adamsi_

938. Blanford's Snowfinch _Pyrgilauda blanfordi_

939. Eurasian Tree Sparrow _Passer montanus_

120


-----

940. House Sparrow _Passer domesticus_

941. Rock Sparrow _Petronia petronia_

942. Rufous-necked Snowfinch _Pyrgilauda ruficollis_

943. Russet Sparrow _Passer cinnamomeus_

944. Sind Sparrow _Passer pyrrhonotus_

945. Spanish Sparrow _Passer hispaniolensis_

946. White-rumped Snowfinch _Onychostruthus taczanowskii_

947. Yellow-throated Sparrow _Gymnoris xanthocollis_


**STARLINGS AND MYNAS**


948. Asian Glossy Starling _Aplonis panayensis_

949. Asian Pied Starling _Gracupica contra_

950. Bank Myna _Acridotheres ginginianus_

951. Brahminy Starling _Sturnia pagodarum_

952. Chestnut-cheeked Starling _Agropsar philippensis_

953. Chestnut-tailed Starling _Sturnia malabarica_

954. Collared Myna _Acridotheres albocinctus_

955. Common Myna _Acridotheres tristis_

956. Common Starling _Sturnus vulgaris_

957. Daurian Starling _Agropsar sturninus_

958. Golden-crested Myna _Ampeliceps coronatus_

959. Great Myna _Acridotheres grandis_

960. Jungle Myna _Acridotheres fuscus_

961. Malabar Starling _Sturnia blythii_

962. Red-billed Starling _Spodiopsar sericeus_

963. Rosy Starling _Pastor roseus_

964. Spot-winged Starling _Saroglossa spilopterus_

965. White-cheeked Starling _Spodiopsar cineraceus_

966. White-headed Starling _Sturnia erythropygia_


**STILTS AND AVOCETS**


967. Black-winged Stilt _Himantopus himantopus_

968. Pied Avocet _Recurvirostra avosetta_


**STORKS**


969. Asian Openbill _Anastomus oscitans_

970. Black Stork _Ciconia nigra_

971. Black-necked Stork _Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus_

121


-----

972. Painted Stork _Mycteria leucocephala_

973. Woolly-necked Stork _Ciconia episcopus_


**SUNBIRDS**


974. Black-throated Sunbird _Aethopyga saturata_

975. Crimson Sunbird _Aethopyga siparaja_

976. Crimson-backed Sunbird _Leptocoma minima_

977. Fire-tailed Sunbird _Aethopyga ignicauda_

978. Green-tailed Sunbird _Aethopyga nipalensis_

979. Little Spiderhunter _Arachnothera longirostra_

980. Loten's Sunbird _Cinnyris lotenius_

981. Mrs Gould's Sunbird _Aethopyga gouldiae_

982. Olive-backed Sunbird _Cinnyris jugularis_

983. Purple Sunbird _Cinnyris asiaticus_

984. Purple-rumped Sunbird _Leptocoma zeylonica_

985. Ruby-cheeked Sunbird _Chalcoparia singalensis_

986. Streaked Spiderhunter _Arachnothera magna_

987. Van Hasselt's Sunbird _Leptocoma brasiliana_

988. Vigors's Sunbird _Aethopyga vigorsii_


**SWALLOWS AND MARTINS**


989. Asian House Martin _Delichon dasypus_

990. Barn Swallow _Hirundo rustica_

991. Dusky Crag Martin _Ptyonoprogne concolor_

992. Eurasian Crag Martin _Ptyonoprogne rupestris_

993. Grey-throated Martin _Riparia chinensis_

994. Hill Swallow _Hirundo domicola_

995. Nepal House Martin _Delichon nipalense_

996. Northern House Martin _Delichon urbicum_

997. Pacific Swallow _Hirundo tahitica_

998. Pale Martin _Riparia diluta_

999. Red-rumped Swallow _Cecropis daurica_

1000. Sand Martin _Riparia riparia_

1001. Streak-throated Swallow _Petrochelidon fluvicola_

1002. Striated Swallow _Cecropis striolata_

1003. Wire-tailed Swallow _Hirundo smithii_


**SWIFTS**


122


-----

1004. Alpine Swift _Tachymarptis melba_

1005. Asian Palm Swift _Cypsiurus balasiensis_

1006. Blyth's Swift _Apus leuconyx_

1007. Brown-backed Needletail _Hirundapus giganteus_

1008. Common Swift _Apus apus_

1009. Himalayan Swiftlet _Aerodramus brevirostris_

1010. Indian House Swift _Apus affinis_

1011. Nepal House Swift _Apus nipalensis_

1012. Pacific Swift _Apus pacificus_

1013. Plume-toed Swiftlet _Collocalia affinis_

1014. Silver-backed Needletail _Hirundapus cochinchinensis_

1015. White-rumped Spinetail _Zoonavena sylvatica_

1016. White-throated Needletail _Hirundapus caudacutus_


**SYLVIA WARBLERS AND ALLIES**


1017. Asian Desert Warbler _Curruca nana_

1018. Barred Warbler _Curruca nisoria_

1019. Common Whitethroat _Curruca communis_

1020. Eastern Orphean Warbler _Curruca crassirostris_

1021. Garden Warbler _Sylvia borin_

1022. Lesser Whitethroat _Curruca curruca_


**THICK-KNEES**


1023. Beach Thick-knee _Esacus magnirostris_

1024. Great Thick-knee _Esacus recurvirostris_

1025. Indian Thick-knee _Burhinus indicus_


**THRUSHES AND ALLEES**


1026. Alpine Thrush _Zoothera mollissima_

1027. Black-breasted Thrush _Turdus dissimilis_

1028. Black-throated Thrush _Turdus atrogularis_

1029. Chestnut Thrush _Turdus rubrocanus_

1030. Chinese Thrush _Otocichla mupinensis_

1031. Dark-sided Thrush _Zoothera marginata_

1032. Dusky Thrush _Turdus eunomus_

1033. Eyebrowed Thrush _Turdus obscurus_

1034. Fieldfare _Turdus pilaris_

123


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1035. Grandala _Grandala coelicolor_

1036. Green Cochoa _Cochoa viridis_

1037. Grey-sided Thrush _Turdus feae_

1038. Grey-winged Blackbird _Turdus boulboul_

1039. Himalayan Forest Thrush _Zoothera salimalii_

1040. Indian Blackbird _Turdus simillimus_

1041. Japanese Thrush _Turdus cordis_

1042. Kessler's Thrush _Turdus kessleri_

1043. Long-billed Thrush _Zoothera monticola_

1044. Long-tailed Thrush _Zoothera dixoni_

1045. Mistle Thrush _Turdus viscivorus_

1046. Naumann's Thrush _Turdus naumanni_

1047. Orange-headed Thrush _Geokichla citrina_

1048. Pied Thrush _Geokichla wardii_

1049. Purple Cochoa _Cochoa purpurea_

1050. Red-throated Thrush _Turdus ruficollis_

1051. Scaly Thrush _Zoothera dauma_

1052. Siberian Thrush _Geokichla sibirica_

1053. Song Thrush _Turdus philomelos_

1054. Tibetan Blackbird _Turdus maximus_

1055. Tickell's Thrush _Turdus unicolor_

1056. White-collared Blackbird _Turdus albocinctus_


**TITS**


1057. Azure Tit _Cyanistes cyanus_

1058. Cinereous Tit _Parus cinereus_

1059. Coal Tit _Periparus ater_

1060. Fire-capped Tit _Cephalopyrus flammiceps_

1061. Green-backed Tit _Parus monticolus_

1062. Grey-crested Tit _Lophophanes dichrous_

1063. Ground Tit _Pseudopodoces humilis_

1064. Himalayan Black-lored Tit _Machlolophus xanthogenys_

1065. Indian Black-lored Tit _Machlolophus aplonotus_

1066. Rufous-naped Tit _Periparus. rufonuchalis_

1067. Rufous-vented Tit _Periparus rubidiventris_

1068. Sultan Tit _Melanochlora sultanea_

1069. Yellow-browed Tit _Sylviparus modestus_

1070. Yellow-cheeked Tit _Machlolophus spilonotus_


**TREE-CREEPERS AND ALLIES**


124


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1071. Bar-tailed Treecreeper _Certhia himalayana_

1072. Hodgson's Treecreeper _Certhia hodgsoni_

1073. Hume's Treecreeper _Certhia manipurensis_

1074. Indian Spotted Creeper _Salpornis spilonota_

1075. Rusty-flanked Treecreeper _Certhia nipalensis_

1076. Sikkim Treecreeper _Certhia discolor_


**TROGONS**


1077. Malabar Trogon _Harpactes fasciatus_

1078. Red-headed Trogon _Harpactes erythrocephalus_


**TROPICBIRDS**


1079. Red-billed Tropicbird _Phaethon aethereus_

1080. Red-tailed Tropicbird _Phaethon rubricauda_

1081. White-tailed Tropicbird _Phaethon lepturus_


**WALLCREEPER**


1082. Wallcreeper _Tichodroma muraria_


**WAXWINGS**


1083. Bohemian Waxwing _Bombycilla garrulus_


**WEAVERS**


1084. Baya Weaver _Ploceus philippinus_

1085. Black-breasted Weaver _Ploceus benghalensis_

1086. Streaked Weaver _Ploceus manyar_


**WHISTLERS**


1087. Mangrove Whistler _Pachycephala cinerea_


**WHITE-EYES, YUHINAS AND**

**ALLIES**


1088. Black-chinned Yuhina _Yuhina nigrimenta_

1089. Chestnut-flanked White-eye _Zosterops erythropleurus_

1090. Indian White-eye _Zosterops palpebrosus_

125


-----

1091. Rufous-vented Yuhina _Yuhina occipitalis_

1092. Striated Yuhina _Staphida castaniceps_

1093. Stripe-throated Yuhina _Yuhina gularis_

1094. Whiskered Yuhina _Yuhina flavicollis_

1095. White-naped Yuhina _Yuhina bakeri_


**WOODPECKERS AND ALLIES**


1096. Bay Woodpecker _Blythipicus pyrrhotis_

1097. Black-rumped Flameback _Dinopium benghalense_

1098. Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker _Yungipicus nanus_

1099. Brown-fronted Woodpecker _Dendrocoptes auriceps_

1100. Common Flameback _Dinopium javanense_

1101. Crimson-breasted Woodpecker _Dryobates cathpharius_

1102. Darjeeling Woodpecker _Dendrocopos darjellensis_

1103. Eurasian Wryneck _Jynx torquilla_

1104. Freckle-breasted Woodpecker _Dendrocopos analis_

1105. Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker _Dendrocopos macei_

1106. Great Spotted Woodpecker _Dendrocopos major_

1107. Greater Flameback _Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus_

1108. Greater Yellownape _Chrysophlegma flavinucha_

1109. Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker _Yungipicus canicapillus_

1110. Grey-headed Woodpecker _Picus canus_

1111. Himalayan Flameback _Dinopium shorii_

1112. Himalayan Woodpecker _Dendrocopos himalayensis_

1113. Lesser Yellownape _Picus chlorolophus_

1114. Pale-headed Woodpecker _Gecinulus grantia_

1115. Rufous Woodpecker _Micropternus brachyurus_

1116. Rufous-bellied Woodpecker _Dendrocopos hyperythrus_

1117. Scaly-bellied Woodpecker _Picus squamatus_

1118. Sind Woodpecker _Dendrocopos assimilis_

1119. Speckled Piculet _Picumnus innominatus_

1120. Streak-throated Woodpecker _Picus xanthopygaeus_

1121. Stripe-breasted Woodpecker _Dendrocopos atratus_

1122. White-bellied Woodpecker _Dryocopus javensis_

1123. White-browed Piculet _Sasia ochracea_

1124. White-naped Woodpecker _Chrysocolaptes festivus_


**WOODSHRIKES AND ALLIES**


126


-----

1125. Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike _Hemipus picatus_

1126. Common Woodshrike _Tephrodornis pondicerianus_

1127. Large Woodshrike _Tephrodornis virgatus_

1128. Malabar Woodshrike _Tephrodornis sylvicola_


**WOODSWALLOWS**


1129. Ashy Woodswallow _Artamus fuscus_

1130. White-breasted Woodswallow _Artamus leucorynchus_


**WREN BABBLERS**


1131. Nepal Wren Babbler _Pnoepyga immaculata_

1132. Pygmy Wren Babbler _Pnoepyga pusilla_

1133. Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler _Pnoepyga albiventer_


**WRENS**


1134. Eurasian Wren _Troglodytes troglodytes_

**PART C : REPTILES**


**Sl.**

**No.**


**Common Name** **Scientific Name**


**GECKOS**


1. Banded Bent-toed Gecko _Cyrtodactylus fasciolatus_

2. Clouded Indian Gecko _Cyrtodactylus nebulosus_

3. Collegal Ground Gecko _Cyrtodactylus collegalensis_

4. Deccan banded gecko _Cyrtodactylus albofasciatus_

5. Deccan Ground Gecko _Cyrtodactylus deccanensis_

6. Varad Giri's Ground Gecko _Cyrtodactylus varadgirii_


**TURTLES**


7. Asian leaf turtle _Cyclemys gemeli_

8. Brown roofed Turtle _Pangshura smithii_

9. Indian Black Turtle _Melanochelys trijuga_


**LIZARDS**


127


-----

10. Asian Glass Lizard _Dopasia gracilis_

11. Anamalai spiny lizard _Salea anamallayana_

12. Horsfield's spiny lizard _Salea horsfieldii_

13. Southern flying lizard _Draco dussumieri_


**BOAS**


14. All species of the Family Boidae except for


those listed in Schedule I


**SNAKES**


15. Blind Snakes All species of the Family Typhlopidae

16. Colubrid Snakes All species of the Family Colubridae except


those listed in Schedule I


17. Elapid Snakes All species of the Family Elapidae except for


those listed in Schedule I


18. Sand snakes All species of Family Psammophiidae

19. Shield-tailed Snakes All species of the Family Uropeltidae

20. Sunbeam Snake All species of the Family Xenopeltidae

21. Thread Snakes All species of the Family Leptotyphlopidae

22. Vipers All species of the Family Viperidae except for


those listed in Schedule I


**PART D : AMPHIBIANS**

Sl. No.   Common Name Scientific Name


**TOADS**


1. Kemp's Tree Toad _Bufoides kempi_

2. Khasi Hills Toad _Bufoides meghalayanus_

3. Malabar Tree Toad _Pedostibes tuberculosus_


**FROGS**


128


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4. Aloysi Pond Frog _Phrynoderma aloysii_

5. Annandale's Frog/Assam Hills Frog _Clinotarsus alticola_

6. Bompu Litter Frog _Leptobrachium bompu_

7. Chin Woodfrog _Sylvirana lacrima_

8. Cope's Frog _Hydrophylax leptoglossa_

9. Crab-eating Frog/Mangrove Frog _Fejervarya moodiei_

10. Ghosh's Frog/Manipur Frog _Euphlyctis ghoshi_

11. Giant Gliding Frog _Zhangixalus smaragdinus_

12. Himalayan Cascade Frog _Amolops himalayanus_

13. Indian Bullfrog _Hoplobatrachus tigerinus_

14. Indian Pond Frog _Phrynoderma hexadactylum_

15. Indian Skittering Frog _Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis_

16. Indoburman Cascade Frog _Amolops indoburmanensis_

17. Jerdon's White-lipped Horned Frog _Megophrys major_

18. Kalasgram Skittering Frog _Euphlyctis kalasgramensis_

19. Karaavali Pond Frog _Phrynoderma karaavali_

20. Khare's Gliding Frog _Pterorana khare_

21. Kerala Pond Frog _Phrynoderma kerala_

22. Liebig's Frog/Sikkim Paa Frog _Nanorana liebigii_

23. Littoral Bullfrog _Hoplobatrachus litoralis_

24. Mawphlang Hill Stream Frog _Odorrana mawphlangensis_

25. Mokokchung Frog _Nanorana mokokchungensis_

26. Orissa Frog _Fejervarya orissaensis_

27. Perching Frog/Six-Lined Tree Frog/Terai tree frog _Polypedates teraiensis_

28. Senchal Cascade Frog _Amolops senchalensis_

29. Sikkim Ombrana _Ombrana sikimensis_

30. Terai Wart Frog _Minervarya teraiensis_

31. Twin-spotted Tree Frog _Rhacophorus bipunctatus_

32. Yellow-spotted White-lipped Horned Frog _Megophrys flavipunctata_

**PART E : FISHES**

No. **Common Names** Scientific Name


**RAYS**


1. Sicklefin Devil Ray _Mobula tarapacana_

2. Mottled Eagle Ray _Aetomylaeus maculatus_

3. Ocellate Eagle Ray _Aetomylaeus milvus_

129


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4. Ornate Eagle Ray _Aetomylaeus vespertilio_


**SHARKS**


5. Great Hammerhead _Sphyrna mokarran_

6. Oceanic Whitetip Shark _Carcharhinus longimanus_

7. Smooth Hammerhead _Sphyrna zygaena_

8. Winghead Shark _Eusphyra blochii_


**SNAKEHEADS**


9. Barca snakehead _Channa barca_

10. Gollum snakehead _Aenigmachanna gollum_

**PART F : MOLLUSCA**

**No.   Common Name** **Scientific Name**


**CONCHES**


1. Chiragra Spider Conch _Harpago arthriticus_

2. Harpago Spider Conch _Harpago chiragra_

3. Milleped Spider Conch _Lambis millepeda_

4. Orange Spider Conch _Lambis crocata_

5. Scorpio Spider Conch _Lambis scorpius_

6. Sibald's Conch _Dolomena plicata sibbaldii_

7. Trapezium Horse Conch _Pleuroploca trapezium_

8. Truncate Spider Conch _Lambis truncata_


**COWRIES**


9. Limacina Cowrie _Staphylaea limacina_

10. Map Cowrie _Leporicypraea mappa_

11. Mole Cowrie _Talparia talpa_


**OYSTERS**


12. Windowpane Oyster _Placuna placenta_


**TOP SHELLS**


130


-----

13. Commercial Top Shell _Tectus niloticus_


**TURBANS**


14. Green Turban _Turbo marmoratus_


**VOLUTES**


15. Vaxillate Volute/Gold Banded Volute _Harpulina arausiaca_

**PART G: ARTHROPODS (OTHER THAN INSECTS)**

**No.** **Common Name** **Scientific Name**


**CRABS**


1. Indo-Pacific Horseshoe Crab _Tachypleus gigas_

2. Mangrove Horseshoe Crab _Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda_


**SPIDERS**


3. Anantagiri Parachute Spider _Poecilotheria tigrinawesseli_

4. Bengal Ornamental/Chota Nagpur Parachute Spider _Poecilotheria miranda_

5. Indian Ornamental Spider/Regal Parachute Spider _Poecilotheria regalis_

6. Mysore Ornamental Spider/Striated Parachute Spider _Poecilotheria striata_

7. Peacock Tarantula/Gooty Ornamental tarantula _Poecilotheria metallica_

8. Rameswaram Ornamental Tarantula _Poecilotheria_

/Rameshwaram Parachute Spider _hanumavilasumica_

9. Red Slate Ornamental Tarantula _Poecilotheria rufilata_

10. Salem Ornamental Tarantula _Poecilotheria Formosa_


**PART H: BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA)**


**No.   Common Name** **Scientific Name**

**FAMILY** **HESPERIIDAE**

1. Indian Ace _Halpe homolea_

131


-----

2. Orange-tailed Awlet _Badamia sena_

**FAMILY** **LYCAENIDAE**

3. Albocerulean _Udara albocaerulea_

4. Assam Pierrot _Tarucus waterstradti_

5. Banded Royal _Eliotiana jalindra_

6. Barred Lineblue _Prosotas aluta_

7. Bhutya Lineblue _Prosotas bhutea_

8. Black Cupid _Tongeia kala_

9. Black-branded Royal _Tajuria culta_

10. Blue Darkie _Allotinus subviolaceus_

11. Blue Gem _Poritia erycinoides_

12. Blue Quaker _Pithecops fulgens_

13. Blue Tit _Chliaria kina_

14. Branded Royal _Tajuria melastigma_

15. Branded Yamfly _Yasoda tripunctata_

16. Broad Spark _Sinthusa chandrana_

17. Brown Tit _Hypolycaena theclodies nicobarica_

18. Cerulean Hairstreak _Neozephyrus suroia_

19. Chestnut-and-black Royal _Tajuria yajna_

20. Chinese Royal _Tajuria luculenta_

21. Chocolate Royal _Remelana jangala_

22. Chumbi Green Underwing _Patricius younghusbandi_

23. Common Gem _Poritia hewitsord_

24. Common Tinsel _Catapoecilma major_

25. Dark Blue Royal _Pratapa icetas mishmia_

26. Dark Mottle _Logania distanti_

27. Dark Tinsel _Acupicta delicatum_

28. de Niceville's Dull Oakblue _Amblypodia agrata_

29. Dull Green Hairstreak _Esakiozephyrus icana_

30. Dusky Bushblue _Arhopala paraganesa_

31. Dusky Meadow Blue _Alpherakya devanica_

32. Elwes' Silverline _Spindasis elwesi_

33. Falcate Oakblue _Mahathala ameria_

34. Felder's Lineblue _Catopyrops ancyra_

35. Frosted Cerulean _Jamides kankena_

36. Glazed Oakblue _Arhopala paralea_

37. Great Spotted Blue _Phengaris atroguttata_

38. Green Flash _Artipe eryx_

39. Green Sapphire _Helipphorus androcles_

40. Hampson's Hedge Blue _Acytolepis lilacea_

41. Hedge Cupid _Bothrinia chenneili_

42. Hewitson's Dull Oakblue _Arhopala oenea_

132


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43. Indigo Flash _Rapala varuna_

44. Jakama Hair streak _Shirozuozephyrus jakamensis_

45. Kabru Green Hairstreak _Chrysozephyrus kabrua_

46. Khaki Silverline _Spindasis rukmini_

47. Kirbari Hairstreak _Shirozuozephyrus kirbariensis_

48. Large Fourlineblue _Nacaduba pactolus_

49. Lilac Oakblue _Arhopala camdeo_

50. Lilac Oakblue _Arhopala camdeo_

51. Lilac Silverline _Apharitis lilacinus_

52. Lister's Hairstreak _Pamela dudgeonii_

53. Long-banded Silverline _Spindasis lohita_

54. Malayan _Magisba malaya_

55. Many-tailed Oakblue _Thaduka multicaudata_

56. Metallic Cerulean _Jamides alecto_

57. Metallic Hedge Blue _Callenya melaena_

58. Moore's Cupid _Shijimia moorei_

59. Naga Saphire _Heliophorus kohimensis_

60. Narrow Spark _Sinthusa nasaka_

61. Nilgiri Tit _Hypolycaena nilgirica_

62. Pale Bushblue _Arhopala aberrans_

63. Pale Fourlineblue _Nacaduba hermus_

64. Pale Grand Imperial _Neocheritra fabronia_

65. Pale Spark _Sinthusa virgo_

66. Pallid Oakblue _Amblypodia alesia_

67. Pallid Royal _Tajuria albiplaga_

68. Peacock Royal _Tajuria cippus_

69. Plain Plushblue _Flos apidanus_

70. Plane _Bindahara phocides_

71. Pointed Ciliate Blue _Anthene lycaenina_

72. Pointed Lineblue _Ionolyce helicon_

73. Pointed Pierrot _Niphanda cymbia_

74. Powdered Green Hairstreak _Chrysozephyrus zoa_

75. Red Imperial _Suasa lisides_

76. Refulgent Flash _Rapala refulgens_

77. Royal Cerulean _Jamides caeruleus_

78. Scarce Shot Silverline _Spindasis elima_

79. Scarce Silverstreak Blue _Iraota rochana_

80. Scarce Slate Flash _Rapala scintilla_

81. Shot Flash _Rapala buxaria_

82. Silver Hairstreak _Inomataozephyrus syla_

83. Silver Royal _Ancema blanka_

84. Silver grey Silverline _Spindasis nipalicus_

85. Silver-Streaked Acacia Blue _Zinaspa todara_

133


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86. Small Green Underwing _Albulina metallica_

87. Spotless Oakblue _Arhopala fulla_

88. Spotted Pierrot _Tarucus callinara_

89. Straight Pierrot _Caleta roxus_

90. Straightline Royal _Tajuria diaeus_

91. Straightwing Blue _Orthomiella pontis_

92. Sylhet Oakblue _Arhopala silhetensis_

93. Tailless Bushblue _Amblypodia ganesa_

94. Tailless Lineblue _Prosotas dubiosa_

95. Tailless Metallic Green Hairstreak _Shirozuozephyrus khasia_

96. Tailless Phishblue _Flos areste_

97. Tamil Oakblue _Arhopala bazaloides_

98. Truncate Imperial _Cheritrella truncipennis_

99. Tytler's Green Hairstreak _Chrysozephyrus vittatus_

100. Tytler's Lascar _Pantoporia bieti paona_

101. Tytler's Rosy Oakblue _Arhopala allata suffusa_

102. Una _Una usta_

103. Uncertain Royal _Tajuria ister_

104. Violet Onyx _Horaga onyx_

105. Violet Onyx _Horaga albimacula_

106. White Cerulean _Jamides pura_

107. White Royal _Pratapa deva_

108. White Royal _Tajuria illurgioides_

109. White Royal _Tajuria illurgis_

110. White-spotted Hairstreak _Shizuyaozephyrus ziha_

111. White-tipped Lineblue _Prosotas noreia_

112. Witch _Araotes lapithis_

113. Wonderful Hairstreak _Thermozephyrus ataxus zulla_

**FAMILY** **NYMPHALIDAE**

114. Autumn Leaf _Doleschallia bisaltide_

115. Bamboo Treebrown _Lethe europa_

116. Banded Marquis _Euthalia teuta_

117. Black Rajah _Charaxes solon_

118. Blackvein Sergeant _Athyma ranga_

119. Blue Duchess _Euthalia duda_

120. Blue Forester _Lethe scanda_

121. Blue Oakleaf _Kallima horsfteldi_

122. Blue-tailed Jester _Symbrenthia niphanda_

123. Branded Evening Brown _Cyllogenes suradeva_

124. Broad-banded Sailer _Neptis sankara_

125. Broadstick Sailer _Neptis narayana_

126. Bronze Duke _Euthalia nara_

127. Brown Argus _Ypthima hyagriva_

134


-----

128. Brown Forester _Lethe serbonis_

129. Brown Prince _Rohana parvata_

130. Chestnut-streaked Sailer _Neptis jumbah_

131. China Nawab _Polyura narcaeus_

132. Chinese Bushbrown _Mycalesis gotama_

133. Chinese Yellow Sailer _Neptis cydippe kirbariensis_

134. Clear Sailer _Neptis clinia_

135. Clipper _Parthenos sylvia_

136. Comma _Polygonia c-album_

137. Commodore _Auzakia danava_

138. Common Archduke _Lexias pardalis jadeitina_

139. Common Baron _Euthalia aconthea_

140. Common Beak _Libythea lepita_

141. Common Forester _Lethe insana_

142. Common Nawab _Polyura athamas_

143. Courtesan _Euripus nyctelius_

144. Creamy Sailer _Neptis soma_

145. Danaid Eggfly _Hypolimnas misippus_

146. Dark Archduke _Lexias dirtea_

147. Dark Baron _Euthalia merta_

148. Dark Forester _Lethe brisanda_

149. Dark Forester _Lethe goalpara_

150. De Niceville's Bushbrown _Mycalesis misenus_

151. Desert Fourring _Ypthima bolanica_

152. Dot-dash Sergeant _Athyma kanwa_

153. Dusky Labyrinth _Neope yama_

154. Eastern Fivering _Ypthima similis_

155. False Comma _Polygonia l-album_

156. Freak _Calinaga buddha_

157. French Duke _Euthalia franciae_

158. Grand Duchess _Euthalia patala_

159. Great Archduke _Lexias cyanipardus_

160. Great Evening Brown _Melanitis zitenius_

161. Great Sergeant _Athyma larymna_

162. Great Yellow Sailer _Neptis radha_

163. Grey Baron _Euthalia anosia_

164. Grey Commodore _Bhagadatta austenia_

165. Grey Count _Cynitia lepidea_

166. Highbrown Silverspot _Argynnis jainadeva_

167. Jewelled Nawab _Polyura delphis_

168. Jezabel Palmfly _Elymnias vasudeva_

169. Large Tawny Wall _Raphicera satricus_

170. Lavender Count _Cynitia cocytus_

135


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171. Lepcha Bushbrown _Mycalesis lepcha_

172. Long-branded Blue Crow _Euploea algea_

173. Malabar Tree Nymph _Idea malabarica_

174. Manipur Goldenfork _Lethe kabrua_

175. ManipurWoodbrown _Lethe kanjupkula_

176. Many-tufted Bushbrown _Mycaleisis mystes_

177. Marbled Map _Cyrestis codes_

178. Moeller's Silverfork _Lethe moelteri_

179. Mongol _Araschnia prorsoides dohertyi_

180. Moore's Bushbrown _Mycalesis heri_

181. Mountain Silverspot _Issoria altissima_

182. Naga Treebrown _Lethe naga_

183. Painted Courtesan _Euripus consimilis_

184. Pale Forester _Lethe latiaris_

185. Pale Green Sailer _Neptis zaida_

186. Pale Hockeystick Sailer _Neptis manasa manasa_

187. Pallid Argus _Cailerebia scanda_

188. Panther _Neurosigma siva_

189. Pasha _Herona marathus_

190. Plain Bushbrown _Mycalesis tnalsarida_

191. Plain Tbxeering _Ypthima lycus_

192. Queen of Spain Fritillary _Issoria lathonia_

193. Red Lacewing _Cethosia biblis_

194. Red-spot Duke _Euthalia evelina_

195. Ringed Argus _Cailerebia annada_

196. Scarce Blue Oakleaf _Kallima knyvetti_

197. Scarce Evening Brown _Cyllogenes janetae_

198. Scarce Mountain Argus _Erebia kalinda kalinda_

199. Scarce Red Forester _Lethe distans_

200. Scarce Tawny Rajah _Charaxes aristogiton_

201. Scarce Wall _Lasiommata maerula_

202. Scarce Woodbrown _Lethe siderea_

203. Sergeant Emperor _Mimathyma chevana_

204. Shandur Rockbrown _Chazara heydenreichi_

205. Short-banded Sailer _Phaedyma columella_

206. Silverstreak _Argynnis clara_

207. Siren _Hestina persimilis_

208. Small Goldenfork _Lethe atkinsoni_

209. Small Leopard _Phalanta alcippe_

210. Small Silverfork _Lethe jalaurida_

211. Small Woodbrown _Lethe nicetella_

212. Sordid Emperor _Chitona sordida_

213. Spotted Blue Crow _Euploea midamus_

214. Spotted Mystic _Lethe tristigmata_

215. Spotted Palmfly _Elymnias malelas_

136


-----

216. Spotted Sailer _Neptis magadh khasiana_

217. Stately Nawab _Polyura dolon_

218. Striped Ringlet _Ragadia crisilda_

219. Studded Sergeant _Pantoporia asura_

220. Tailed Red Forester _Lethe sinorix_

221. Tamil Catseye _Zipotis saitis_

222. Tamil Lacewing _Cethosia nietneri_

223. Tawny Rajah _Charaxes bemardus_

224. Tibetan Jewel Blue _Phengaris eversmanni_

225. Tibetan Satyr _Oeneis buddha_

226. Travancore Evening Brown _Parantirrhoea marshalli_

227. Treble Silverstripe _Lethe baladeva_

228. Unbroken Sergeant _Athymapravara_

229. Variegated Fivering _Ypthima methora_

230. Variegated Rajah _Charaxes kahruba_

231. Variegated Sailer _Neptis armandia_

232. Veined Labyrinth _Lethe pulaha_

233. Watson's Bushbrown _Mycalesis adamsoni_

234. Wavy Maplet _Chersonesia intermedia_

235. White Commodore _Parasarpa dudu_

236. White Oakleaf _Kallima albofasciata_

237. White Owl _Neorina patria_

238. Whitebar Bushbrown _Mycalesis anoxias_

239. White-edged Bushbrown _Mycalesis mestra_

240. White-edged Woodbrown _Lethe visrava_

241. White-ringed Meadowbrown _Hyponephele davendra_

242. Wizard _Rhinopalpa polynice_

243. Wood-Mason's Bushbrown _Mycalesis suaveolens_

244. Yellow Argus _Paralasa mani_

245. Yellow Kaiser _Penthema lisarda_

246. Yellow Owl _Neorina hilda_

247. Yellow Rajah _Charaxes marmax_

248. Yellowjack Sailer _Lasippa viraja nar_

**FAMILY** **PAPILIONIDAE**

249: Andaman Mormon _Papilio mayo_

250. Blue-striped Mime _Papilio slateri_

251. Brown Gorgon _Meandrusa lachinus_

252. Chain Swordtail _Graphium aristeus_

253. Chinese Windmill _Byasa plutonius_

254. Common Banded Peacock _Papilio crino_

255. Common Bluebottle _Graphium sarpedon_

137


-----

256. Common Mime _Chilasa clytia_

257. Common Red Apollo _Parnassius epaphus_

258. Common Yellow Swallowtail _Papilio machaon_

259. Crimson Rose _Pachliopta hector_

260. Fourbar Swordtail _Graphium agetes_

261. Glassy Bluebottle _Graphium cloanthus_

262. Golden Birdwing _Troides aeacus aeacus_

263. Great Blue Mime _Papilio paradoxa_

264. Great Jay _Graphium eurypylus_

265. Green Dragontail _Lamproptera meges virescens_

266. Keeled Apollo _Parassius jacquemonti_

267. Lesser Mime _Papilio epycides_

268. Malabar Banded Peacock _Papilio buddha_

269. Regal Apollo _Parnassius charltonius_

270. Rose Windmill _Byasa latreillei_

271. Scarce Jay _Graphium albociliatis_

272. Southern Birdwing _Troides minos_

273. Spotted Jay _Graphium arycles_

274. Spotted Zebra _Graphium megarus_

275. Tailed Redbreast _Papilio bootes_

**FAMILY** **PIERIDAE**

276. Bhutan Blackvein _Aporia harrietae_

277. Blue Nawab _Appias wardii_

278. Broadwing Jezabel _Delias lativitta_

279. Chocolate Albatross _Appias lyncida_

280. Common Albatross _Appias albina_

281. Dusky Blackvein _Aporia nabellica_

282. Fiery Clouded Yellow _Colias eogene_

283. Kashmir White _Pier is deota_

284. Ladak Clouded Yellow _Colias ladakensis_

285. Lesser Bath White _Pontia chloridice_

286. Lesser Gull _Cepora nadina_

287. One-spot Grass Yellow _Eurema andersoni_

288. Orange Clouded Yellow _Colias stoliczkana_

289. Pale Wanderer _Pareronia avatar_

290. Plain Puffin _Appias indra_

291. Plain Sulphur _Dercas lycorias_

**FAMILY** **RIODINIDAE**

292. Lesser Punch _Dodona dipoea_

293. Orange Punch _Dodona egeon_

294. Straight Plum Judy _Abisara kausambi_

138


-----

295. Striped Punch _Dodona adonira_

**PART I: PORIFERA**

**No.** **Common Name** **Scientific name**

1. Sponges All species of the Class Calcarea]

139


-----

**SCHEDULE III**


**(See Chapter III-A and Sections 50, 51, 54 and 57)**


**SPECIFIED PLANTS**

**Sl. No.** **Scientific Name** **Common Name**

1 _Strobilanthes kunthianus_ Neel kurinji

2 _Coptis teeta_ Gold threat, Mishmi teeta

3 _Coscinium fenestration_ Tree turmeric

4 _Taxus wallichiana_ Common yew

5 _Vanda coerulea_ Blue vanda

6 _Nepenthes khasiana_ Pitcher plant

7 _Renanthera imschootiana_ Red vanda

8 _Cycas spp._

9 _Ceropegias spp._

10 _Aenhenrya rotundifolia_

11 _Odontochilus grandiflorus_

12 _Odontochiluste trapterus_

13 _Rhomboda pulchra_

14 _Vrydagzynea viridiflora_

15 _Zeuxine andamanica_

16 _Ipsea malabarica_ Daffodil orchid

17 _Habenaria barnesii_

18 _Podophyllum hexandrum_ Indian podohyllum

19 _Dolomiaea costus_ Kuth]

140


-----

**SCHEDULE IV**


**(See Chapter VB and Sections 39, 50, 51, 54, 57)**


**Interpretation**


1. Species included in these Appendices are referred to:


(a) by the name of the species; or


(b) as being all of the species included in a higher taxon or designated part thereof.


2. The abbreviation “spp.” is used to denote all species of a higher taxon.


3. Other references to taxa higher than species are for the purposes of information or classification only.

The common names included after the scientific names of families are for reference only. They are

intended to indicate the species within the family concerned that are included in the Appendices. In


most cases this is not all of the species within the family.


4. The following abbreviations are used for plant taxa below the level of species:


(a) “ssp.” is used to denote subspecies; and


(b) “var(s).” is used to denote variety (varieties).


5. As none of the species or higher taxa of FLORA included in Appendix I is annotated to the effect that

its hybrids shall be treated in accordance with the provisions of Article III of the Convention, this

means that artificially propagated hybrids produced from one or more of these species or taxa may be

traded with a certificate of artificial propagation, and that seeds and pollen (including pollinia), cut

flowers, seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile


containers of these hybrids are not subject to the provisions of the Convention.


6. The names of the countries in parentheses placed against the names of species in Appendix III are those


of the Parties submitting these species for inclusion in this Appendix.


7. When a species is included in one of the Appendices, the whole, live or dead, animal or plant is

included. In addition, for animal species listed in Appendix III and plant species listed in Appendix II

or III, all parts and derivatives of the species are also included in the same Appendix unless the

species is annotated to indicate that only specific parts and derivatives are included. The symbol #

followed by a number placed against the name of a species or higher taxon included in Appendix II or

III refers to a footnote that indicates the parts or derivatives of animals or plants that are designated as

‘specimens’ subject to the provisions of the Convention in accordance with Article I, paragraph (b),

subparagraph (ii) or (iii). Numbers not preceded by a # symbol placed against the name of a species

or higher taxon refer to a footnote that indicates specific conditions or restrictions that are applicable


to trade of such species or higher taxon under the Convention.


141


-----

8. The terms and expressions below, used in annotations in these Appendices, are defined as follows:


**Extract**

_Any substance obtained directly from plant material by physical or chemical means regardless of_

_the manufacturing process. An extract may be solid (e.g. crystals, resin, fine or coarse particles),_

_semi-solid (e.g. gums, waxes) or liquid (e.g. solutions, tinctures, oil and essential oils)._

**Finished musical instruments**

_A musical instrument (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs_

_Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is_

_ready to play or needs only the installation of parts to make it playable. This term includes_

_antique instruments (as defined by the Harmonized System codes 97.05 and 97.06; Works of art,_

_collectors' pieces and antiques)._

**Finished musical instrument accessories**

_A musical instrument accessory (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs_

_Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is_

_separate from the musical instrument, and is specifically designed or shaped to be used explicitly_

_in association with an instrument, and that requires no further modification to be used._

**Finished musical instrument parts**

_A part (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter_

_92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) of a musical instrument that is_

_ready to install and is specifically designed and shaped to be used explicitly in association with_

_the instrument to make it playable._

**Finished products packaged and ready for retail trade**

_Products, shipped singly or in bulk, requiring no further processing, packaged, labelled for final_

_use or the retail trade in a state fit for being sold to or used by the general public._

**Powder**

_A dry, solid substance in the form of fine or coarse particles._

**Shipment**

_Cargo transported under the terms of a single bill of lading or air waybill, irrespective of the_

_quantity or number of containers, packages, or pieces worn, carried or included in personal_

_baggage._

**Ten (10) kg per shipment**

142


-----

_For the term “10 kg per shipment”, the 10 kg limit should be interpreted as referring to the_

_weight of the individual portions of each item in the shipment made of wood of the species_

_concerned. In other words, the 10 kg limit is to be assessed against the weight of the individual_

_portions of wood of Dalbergia/Guibourtia species contained in each item of the shipment, rather_

_than against the total weight of the shipment._

**Transformed wood**

_Defined by Harmonized System code 44.09 : Wood (including strips, friezes for parquet flooring,_

_not assembled), continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, v-jointed, beaded or the like) along any_

_edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed._


**Woodchips**


_Wood that has been reduced to small pieces.]_

143


-----

**APPENDIX I**


**FAUNA (ANIMALS)**


**PHYLUM CHORDATA**


**CLASS MAMMALIA (MAMMALS)**


**ARTIODACTYLA**


**Antilocapridae Pronghorns**

1


_Antilocapra americana (Only the population of_

Mexico is included in Appendix I. No other


**Bovidae**

Antelopes, cattle, duikers,

gazelles, goats, sheep, etc.


population is included in the Appendices.)


2 _Addax nasomaculatus_

3 _Bos gaurus (Excludes the domesticated form, which_

is referenced as Bos frontalis, and is not subject to the


provisions of the Convention.)


4 _Bos mums (Excludes the domesticated form, which is_

referenced as Bos grunniens, and is not subject to the


provisions of the Convention.)


5 _Bos sauveli_

6 _Bubalus depressicornis_

7 _Bubalus mindorensis_

8 _Bubalus quarlesi_

9 _Copra falconeri_

10 _Capricornis milneedwardsii_

11 _Capricornis rubidus_

12 _Capricornis sumatraensis_

13 _Capricornis thar_

14 _Cephalophus jentinki_

15 _Gazella cuvieri_

16 _Gazella leptoceros_

144


-----

17 _Hippotragus niger variant_

18 _Naemorhedus baileyi_

19 _Naemorhedus caudatus_

20 _Naemorhedus goral_

21 _Naemorhedus griseus_

22 _Nanger dama_

23 _Oryx dammah_

24 _Oryx leucoryx_

25 _Ovis gmelini (Only the population of Cyprus; no_
other population is included in the Appendices)

26 _Ovis hodgsoni_

27 _Ovis nigrimontana_

28 _Ovis vignei_

29 _Pantholops hodgsonii_


30


_Pseudoryx nghetinhensis_


**Camelidae**

Camels, guanacos, vicunas


31


_Vicugna vicugna [Except the populations of : Argentina_
(the populations of the Provinces of Jujuy, Catamarca
and Salta, and the semi-captive populations of the
Provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, La Rioja and San
Juan), Chile (populations of the region of Tarapaca and
of the region of Arica and Parinacota), Ecuador (the
whole population), Peru (the whole population) and the
Plurinational State of Bolivia (the whole population),
which are included in Appendix II]


**Cervidae**

Deer, huemuls, muntjacs, pudus


32 _Axis calamianensis_

33 _Axis kuhlii_

34 _Axis porcinus annamiticus_

35 _Blastocerus dichotomus_

36 _Cervus elaphus hanglu_

37 _Dama dama mesopotamica_

38 _Hippocamelus spp._

39 _Muntiacus crinifrons_

40 _Muntiacus vuquanghensis_

41 _Ozotoceros bezoarticus_

42 _Pudu puda_

43 _Rucervus duvaucelii_

145


-----

44


_Rucervus eldii_


**Moschidae**
**Musk deer**


45


_Moschus spp. (Only the populations of Afghanistan,_

Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan; all


**Suidae**
Babirusa, hogs, pigs


other populations are included in Appendix II)


46 _Babyrousa babyrussa_

47 _Babyrousa bolabatitensis_

48 _Babyrousa celebensis_

49 _Babyrousa togeanensis_


50

Tayassuidae
Peccaries

51


_Sus salvanius_


_Catagonus wagneri_


**CARNIVORA**
**Ailuridae**
Red pandas


52

**Canidae**
Dogs, foxes, wolves


_Ailurus fulgens_


53 _Canis lupus (Only the populations of Bhutan, India,_

Nepal and Pakistan; all other populations are included

in Appendix II. Excludes the domesticated form and

the dingo which are referenced as Canis lupus

_familiaris and Canis lupus dingo, respectively, which_


are not subject to the provisions of the Convention)


54

**Felidae**
Cats


_Speothos venaticus_


55 _Acinonyx jubatus (Annual export quotas for live_

specimens and hunting trophies are granted as

follows : Botswana : 5; Namibia : 150; Zimbabwe :

50. The trade in such specimens is subject to the


provisions of Article III of the Convention.)


56 _Caracal caracal (Only the population of Asia; all_


other populations are included in Appendix II.)


57 _Catopuma temminckii_

58 _Felis nigripes_

146


-----

59 _Herpailurus yagouaroundi (Only the populations of_
Central and North America; all other populations are
included in Appendix IT)

60 _Leopardus geoffroyi_

61 _Leopardus guttulus_

62 _Leopardus jacobita_

63 _Leopardus pardalis_

64 _Leopardus tigrinus_

65 _Leopardus wiedii_

66 _Lynx pardinus_

67 _Neofelis diardi_

68 _Neofelis nebulosa_

69 _Panthera leo (Only the populations of India; all other_
populations are included in Appendix II.)

70 _Panthera onca_

71 _Panthera pardus_

72 _Panthera tigris_

73 _Panthera uncia_

74 _Pardofelis marmorata_

75 _Prionailurus_ _hengalensis_ _bengalensis (Only_ the

populations of Bangladesh, India and Thailand; all
other populations are included in Appendix II.)

76 _Priotiailurus planiceps_

77 _Prionailurus rubiginosus (Only the population of_
India; all other populations are included in Appendix
II.)

78 _Puma concolor (Only the populations of Costa Rica_
and Panama; all other populations are included in
Appendix II)


**Lutrinae**
Otters


79 _Aonyx capensis microdon (Only the populations of_
Cameroon and Nigeria; all other populations are
included in Appendix II.)

80 _Aonyx cinerea_

81 _Enhydra lutris nereis_

82 _Lontra felina_

83 _Lontra longicaudis_

84 _Lontra provocax_

85 _Lutra Intra_

86 _Lutra nippon_

87 _Lutrogale perspicillata_

147


-----

88

**Mustelinae**
Grisons, honey badgers,
martens, tayra, weasels

89


_Mustela nigripes_


_Pteronura brasdiensis_


**Otariidae**
Fur seals, sealions


90


_Arctocephalus townsendi_


**Phocidae**
Seals


91


_Monachus spp._


**Ursidae**
Bears, giant pandas


92 _Ailuropoda melanoleuca_

93 _Helarctos malayanus_

94 _Melursus ursimts_

95 _Tremarctos ornatus_

96 _Ursus arctos (Only the populations of Bhutan, China,_

Mexico and Mongolia; all other populations are


included in Appendix II.)


97 _Ursus arctos isabellinus_


98


_Ursus thibetanus_


**Viverridae**
Binturong, civets, linsangs,
otter-civet, palm civets


99


_Prionodon pardicolor_


**CETACEA**
**DOLPHINS, PORPOISES,**
WHALES
**Balaenidae**
Bowhead whale, right whales


100 _Balaena mysticetus_


101


_Eubalaena spp._


**Balaenopteridae**
Fin whales, humpback
whales, rorquals


102 _Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Except the population of_


West Greenland, this is included in Appendix II.)


103 _Balaenoptera bonaerensis_

104 _Balaenoptera borealis_

105 _Balaenoptera edeni_

148


-----

106 _Balaenoptera musculus_

107 _Balaenoptera omurai_

108 _Balaenoptera physalus_

109 _Megaptera novaeangliae_


**Delphinidae**
Dolphins


110 _Orcaella brevirostris_

111 _Orcaella heinsohni_

112 _Sotalia spp._

113 _Soma_
spp.


**Eschrichtiidae**
Grey whale


114 _Eschrichtius robustus_


**Iniidae**
River dolphins


115 _Lipotes vexillifer_


**Neobalaenidae**
Pygmy right whale


116 _Caperea marginata_


**Phocoenidae**
Porpoises


117 _Neophocaena asiaeorientalis_

118 _Neophocaena phocaenoides_

119 _Phocoena sinus_


**Physeteridae**
Sperm whales


120 _Physeter macrocephalus_


**Platanistidae**
River dolphins


121 _Platanista spp._


**Ziphiidae**
Beaked whales, bottle-nosed
whales


122 _Berardius spp._

123 _Hyperoodon spp._


**CHIROPTERA**
**Pteropodidae**
Fruit bats, flying foxes


124 _Acerodon jubatus_

125 _Pteropus insularis_

149


-----

126 _Pteropus loochoensis_

127 _Pteropus mariannus_

128 _Pteropus molossinus_

129 _Pteropus pelewensis_

130 _Pteropus pilosus_

131 _Pteropus samoensis_

132 _Pteropus tonganus_

133 _Pteropus ualanus_


134
**CINGULATA**
**Dasypodidae**
Armadillos

135
**DASYUROMORPHlA**
**Dasyuridae**
Dunnarts


_Pteropus yapensis_


_Priodontes maximus_


136 _Sminthopsis longicaudata_


137
**DIPROTODONTIA**
**Macropodidae**
Kangaroos, wallabies


_Sminthopsis psammophila_


138 _Lagorchestes hirsutus_

139 _Lagostrophus fasciatus_


140
**Potoroidae**
Rat-kangaroos

141
**Vombatidae**
Wombats

142
**LAGOMORPHA**
**Leporidae**
Hares, rabbits


_Onychogalea fraenata_


_Bettongia spp._


_Lasiorhinus krefftii_


143 _Caprolagus hispidus_


144

**PERAMELEMORPHIA**
**Peramelidae**
Bandicoots, echymiperas

145


_Romerolagus diazi_


_Perameles bougainville_


**Thylacomyidae**
Bilbies


150


-----

146 _Macrotis lagotis_


**PERISSODACTYLA**


**Equidae**
Horses, wild asses, zebras


147 _Equus africanus (Excludes the domesticated form,_
which is referenced as Equus asinus and is not
subject to the provisions of the Convention.)

148 _Equus grevyi_

149 _Equus hemionus hemionus_

150 _Equus hemionus khur_

151 _Equus przewalskii_


**Rhinocerotidae**
Rhinoceroses


152 Rhinocerotidae spp. (Except the species included in
Appendix II)


**Tapiridae**
Tapirs


153 Tapiridae spp. (Except the species included in
Appendix II)


**PHOLIDOTA**


**Manidae**
Pangolins


154 _Manis crassicaudata_

155 _Manis culionensis_

156 _Manis gigantea_

157 _Manis javanica_

158 _Manis pentadactyla_

159 _Manis temminckii_

160 _Manis tetradactyla_

161 _Manis iricuspis_


**PRIMATES**
**APES, MONKEYS**


**Atelidae**
Howler monkeys, spider
monkeys


162 _Alouatta coibensis_

163 _Alouatta palliata_

164 _Alouatta pigra_

165 _Ateles geoffroyi frontatus_

166 _Ateles geoffroyi oraatus_

167 _Brachyteles arachnoides_

168 _Brachyteles hypoxanthus_

151


-----

169 _Oreonax flavicauda_


**Cebidae**
Marmosets, tamarins, newworld monkeys


170 _Callimico goeldii_

171 _Callithrix aurita_

172 _Callithrix fla viceps_

173 _Leontopithecus spp._

174 _Saguinus bicolor_

175 _Saguinus geoffroyi_

176 _Saguinus leucopus_

177 _Saguinus martinsi_

178 _Saguinus oedipus_

179 _Saimiri oerstedii_


**Cercopithecidae**
Old-world monkeys


180 _Cercocebits galeritus_

181 _Cercopithecus diana_

182 _Cercopithecus roloway_

183 _Macaca silenus_

184 _Macaca syhanus_

185 _Mandrillus leucophaeus_

186 _Mandrillus sphinx_

187 _Nasalis larvatus_

188 _Piliocolobus kirkii_

189 _Piliocolobus mfomitratus_

190 _Presbytis potenziani_

191 _Pygathrix spp._

192 _Rhinopithecus spp._

193 _Semnopithecus ajax_

194 _Semnopithecus dussumieri_

195 _Semnopithecus entellus_

196 _Semnopithecus hector_

197 _Semnopithecus hypoieucos_

198 _Semnopithecus priam_

199 _Semnopithecus schistaceus_

200 _Simias concolor_

201 _Trachypithecus geei_

202 _Trachypithecus pileatus_

203 _Trachypithecus shortridgei_

152


-----

**Cheirogaleidae**
Dwarf lemurs


204 Cheirogaleidae spp.


**Daubentoniidae**
Aye-aye


205 _Daubentonia madagasca riensis_


**Hominidae**
Apes, chimpanzees, gorillas,
orang-utans


206 _Gorilla beringei_

207 _Gorilla gorilla_

208 _Pan spp._

209 _Pongo abelii_

210 _Pongo pygmaeus_


**Hylobatidae**
Gibbons


211 Hylobatidae spp.


**Indriidae**
Indris, sifakas, woolly
lemurs


212 Indriidae spp.


**Lemuridae**


Large lemurs


213 Lemuridae spp.


**Lepilemuridae**
Sportive lemurs


214 Lepilemuridae spp.


**Lorisidae**
Lorises


215 _Nycticebus spp._


**Pitheciidae**
Sakis, uakaris


216 _Cacajao spp._

217 _Chiropotes albinasus_


**PROBOSCIDEA**
**Elephantidae**
Elephants


218 _Elephas maximus_

153


-----

219


_Loxodonta africana (Except the populations of_

Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe,

which are included in Appendix II subject to


annotation 2)


**RODENTIA**

**Chinchillidae**

Chinchillas


220 _Chinchilla spp. (Specimens of the domesticated form_


are not subject to the provisions of the Convention)


**Sciuridae**

Ground squirrels, tree squirrels


221 _Cynomys mexicanus_


**SIRENIA Dugongidae**

Dugong


222 _Dugong dugon_


**Trichechidae**

Manatees


223 _Trichechus inunguis_

224 _Trichechus manatus_

225 _Trichechus senegalensis_


**CLASS AVES (BIRDS)**

**ANSERIFORMES Anatidae**

Ducks, geese, swans, etc.


226 _Anas aucklandica_

227 _Anas chlorotis_

228 _Anas laysanensis_


229


_Anas nesiotis_


230 _Asarcomis scutulata_

231 _Branta canadensis leucopareia_

232 _Branta sandvicensis_

233 _Rhodonessa caryophyllacea_


**APODIFORMES Trochilidae**

Hummingbirds


234 _Glaucis dohrnii_


**CHARADRIIFORMES**


154


-----

**Laridae**

Gulls


235 _Larus relictus_


**Scolopacidae**

Curlews, greenshanks


236 _Numenius borealis_

237 _Numenius tenuirostris_

238 _Tringa guttifer_


**CICONIIFORMES Ciconiidae**

Storks


239 _Ciconia boyciana_

240 _Jabiru mycteria_

241 _Mycteria cinerea_


**Threskiornithidae**

Ibises, spoonbills


242 _Geronticus eremita_

243 _Nipponia nippon_


**COLUMBIFORMES** **Columbidae**

Doves, pigeons


244 _Caloenas nicobarica_

245 _Ducula mindorensis_


**CORACIIFORMES Bucerotidae**

Hornbills


246 _Aceros nipalensis_

247 _Buceros bicornis_

248 _Rhinoplax vigil_

249 _Rliyticeros subruficollis_


**FALCONIFORMES Accipitridae**

Hawks, eagles


250 _Aquilo adalberti_

251 _Aquila heliaca_

252 _Chondrohierax uncinates wilsonii_

253 _Haliaeetus albicilla_

254 _Harpia harpyja_

255 _Pithecophaga jefferyi_

155


-----

**Cathartidae**
New-world vultures


256 _Gymnogyps californianus_

257 _Vultur gryphus_


**Falconidae**
Falcons


258 _Falco araeus_

259 _Falco jugger_

260 _Falco newtoni (Only the population of Seychelles.)_

261 _Falco pelegrinoides_

262 _Falco peregrinus_

263 _Falco punctatus_

264 _Falco rusticolus_


**GALLIFORMES Cracidae**
Chachalacas, currassows,
guans


265 _Crax blumenbachii_

266 _Mitu mitu_

267 _Oreophasis derbianus_

268 _Penelope albipennis_

269 _Pipile jacutinga_

270 _Pipile pipile_


**Megapodiidae**
Megapodes, scrubfowl


271 _Macrocephalon maleo_


**Phasianidae**
Grouse, guineafowl,
partridges, peafowl,
pheasants, tragopans


272 _Catreus wallichii_

273 _Colinus virginianus ridgwayi_

274 _Cross optil on crossoptilon_

275 _Crossoptilon mantchuricum_

276 _Lophophonts impejanus_

277 _Lophophorus lhuysii_

278 _Lophophoms sclateri_

279 _Lophura edwardsi_

280 _Lophura swinlwii_

281 _Polyplectron napoleonis_

282 _Rheinardia ocellata_

283 _Syrmaticus ellioti_

156


-----

284 _Syrmaticus humiae_

285 _Syrmaticus mikado_

286 _Tetraogallus caspius_

287 _Tetraogallus tibetanus_

288 _Tragopan blythii_

289 _Tragopan caboti_

290 _Tragopan tnelanocephalus_


**GRUIFORMES**
**Gruidae**
Cranes


291 _Balearica pavonina_

292 _Grits americana_

293 _Grus canadensis nesiotes_

294 _Grits canadensis pulla_

295 _Grus japonensis_

296 _Grus leucogeranus_

297 _Grus monacha_

298 _Grus nigricollis_

299 _Grus vipio_


**Otididae**
Bustards


300 _Ardeotis nigriceps_

301 _Chlamydotis macqueenii_

302 _Chlamydotis undulata_

303 _Houbaropsis bengalensis_


**Rallidae**
Rails


304 _Gallirallus sylvestris_


**Rhynochetidae**
Kagu


305 _Rhynochetos jubatus_


**PASSERIFORMES**
**Atrichornithidae**
Scrub-birds


306 _Atrichornis clamosus_


**Cotingidae**
Cotingas


307 _Cotinga maculata_

308 _Xipholena atropurpurea_


**Fringillidae**
Finches


157


-----

309 _Carduelis cucullata_


**Hirundinldae Martins**


310 _Pseudochelidon sirintarae_


**Icteridae**

**New-world blackbirds**


311 _Xanth opsar flavus_


**Muscicapidae**

**Old-world flycatchers**


312 _Picathartes gymnocephalus_

313 _Picathartes oreas_


**Pittidae Pittas**


314 _Pitta gurneyi_

315 _Pitta kochi_


**Sturnidae**

**Mynas, starlings**


316 _Leucopsar rothschildi_


**Zosteropidae**

**White-eyes**


317 _Zosterops albogularis_


**PELECANIFORMES Fregatidae**

**Frigatebirds**


318 _Fregata andrewsi_


**Pelecanidae**
**Pelicans**


319 _Pelecanus crispus_


**Sulidae**
**Gannets**


320 _Papasula abbotti_


**PICIFORMES Picidae**

**Woodpeckers**


321 _Dryocopus javensis richardsi_


**PODICIPEDIFORMES Podicipedidae**
**Grebes**


322


_Podilymbus gigas_


**PROCELLARIIFORMES**
**Diomedeidae**
**Albatrosses**


158


-----

323 _Phoebastria albatnis_


**PSITTACIFORMES**
**Cacatuidae**
**Cockatoos**


324 _Cacatua goffiniana_

325 _Cacatua haematuropygia_

326 _Cacatua moluccensis_

327 _Cacatua sulphurea_

328 _Probosciger aterrimus_


**Loriidae**
**Lories, lorikeets**


329 _Eos histrio_

330 _Vini ultramarina_


**Psittacidae**
**Amazons, macaws,**
**parakeets, parrots**


331 _Amazona arausiaca_

332 _Amazona auropalliata_

333 _Amazona barbadensis_

334 _Amazona brasiliensis_

335 _Amazona finschi_

336 _Amazona guildingii_

337 _Amazona imperialis_

338 _Amazona leucocephala_

339 _Amazona oratrix_

340 _Amazona pretrei_

341 _Amazona rhodocorytha_

342 _Amazona tucumana_

343 _Amazona versicolor_

344 _Amazona vinacea_

345 _Amazona viridigenalis_

346 _Amazona vittata_

347 _Anodorhynchus spp._

348 _Ara ambiguus_

349 _Ara glaucogularis_

350 _Ara macao_

351 _Ara militaris_

352 _Ara rubrogenys_

353 _Cyanopsitta spixii_

354 _Cyanoramphus cookii_

355 _Cyanoramphus forbesi_

159


-----

356 _Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae_

357 _Cyanoramphus saisseti_

358 _Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni_

359 _Eunymphicus comutus_

360 _Guarouba guarouba_

361 _Neophema chrysogaster_

362 _Ognorhynchus icterotls_

363 _Pezoporus occidentalis_

364 _Pezoporus wallicus_

365 _Pionopsitta pileata_

366 _Primolius couloni_

367 _Primolius maracana_

368 _Psephotus chrysopterygius_

369 _Psephotus dissimilis_

370 _Psephotus pulcherrimus_

371 _Psittacula echo_

372 _Psittacus erithacus_

373 _Pyrrhura cruentata_

374 _Rhynchopsitta spp._

375 _Strigops habroptila_


**RHEIFORMES**
**Rbeidae**
**Rheas**


376 _Pterocnemia pennata (Except Pterocnemia pennata_
_pennata which is included in Appendix II)_


**SPHENISCIFORMES**
**Spheniscidae**
**Penguins**


377 _Spheniscus humboldti_


**STRIGIFORMES**
**Strigidae**
**Owls**


378 _Heteroglaiix btewitti_

379 _Mimizuku gurneyi_

380 _Ninox natalis_


**Tytonidae**
**Bam owls**


381 _Tyto soumagnei_

160


-----

**STRUTHIONIFORMES**

**Struthionidae**

**Ostriches**


382 _Struthio camelus (Only the populations of Algeria,_

Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African

Republic, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, the

Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and the Sudan; all other


populations are not included in the Appendices)


**TINAMIFORMES Tinamidae**
**Tinamous**


383 _Tinamus solitarius_


**TROGONIFORMES Trogonidae**
**Quetzals**


384 _Pharomachrus mocinno_

**CLASS REPTDLIA CROCODYLIA**


**Alligatoridae**

**Alligators, caimans**


385 _Alligator sinensis_

386 _Caiman crocodilus opaporiensis_

387 _Caiman_ _latirostris (Except_ the population of


Argentina, which is included in Appendix II.)


388 _Melanosuchus niger (Except for the population of_

Brazil, which is included in Appendix II, and the

population of Ecuador, which is included in

Appendix II and is subject to a zero annual export

quota until an annual export quota has been approved

by the CITES Secretariat and the IUCN/SSC


Crocodile Specialist Group.)


**Crocodylidae**

**Crocodiles**


389 _Crocodylus acutus (Except the population of the_
Integrated Management District of Mangroves of the
Bay of Cispata, Tinajones, La Balsa and Surrounding
Areas, Department of Cordoba, Colombia, and the
population of Cuba, which are included in Appendix
II; and the population of Mexico, which is included in
Appendix II and is subject to a zero export quota for
wild specimens for commercial purposes)

390 _Crocodylus cataphractus_

161


-----

391 _Crocodylus intermedins_

392 _Crocodylus mindorensis_

393 _Crocodylus moreletii (Except the population of_
Belize, which is included in Appendix II with a zero
quota for wild specimens traded for commercial
purposes, and the population of Mexico, which is
included in Appendix II.)

394 _Crocodylus niloticus [Except the populations of_
Botswana, Egypt (subject to a zero quota for wild
specimens traded for commercial purposes), Ethiopia,
Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia,
South Africa, Uganda, the United Republic of
Tanzania (subject to an annual export quota of no
more than 1,600 wild specimens including hunting
trophies, in addition to ranched specimens), Zambia
and Zimbabwe, which are included in Appendix IT]

395 _Crocodylus palustris_

396 _Crocodylus porosus [Except the populations of_
Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia [wild harvest

restricted to the State of Sarawak and a zero quota for
wild specimens for the other States of Malaysia
(Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia), with no change in
the zero quota unless approved by the Parties] and
Papua New Guinea, which are included in Appendix
II.}

397 _Crocodylus rhombifer_

398 _Crocodylus siamensis_

399 _Osteolaemus tetraspis_

400 _Tomistoma. schlegelii_


**Gavialidae**

**Gavials**


401 _Gavialis gangeticus_


**RHYNCHOCEPHALIA**
**Sphenodontidae**

**Tuataras**


402 **SAURIA** _Sphenodon spp._


**Agamidae**
**Spiny-tailed lizards, agamas**


403 _Ceratophora erdeleni_

404 _Ceratophora karu_

162


-----

405 _Ceratophora tennentii_

406 _Cophotis ceylanica_

407 _Cophotis dumbara_


**Anguidae**
**Alligator lizards**


408 _Abronia anzuetoi_

409 _Abronia campbelli_

410 _Abronia fimbriata_

411 _Abronia frosti_

412 _Abronia meledona_


**Chamaeleonidae**
Chameleons


413 _Brookesia perarmata_


**Gekkonidae**
Geckos


414 _Cnemaspis psychedelica_

415 _Gonatodes daudini_

416 _Lygodactylus williamsi_


**Helodermatidae**
Beaded lizards, Gila
monsters


417 _Heloderma horridum charlesbogerti_


**Iguanidae**
Iguanas


418 _Brachylophus spp._

419 _Cyclura spp._

420 _Sauromalus varius_


**Lacertidae**
Lizards


421 _Gallotia simonyi_


**Varanidae**
Monitor lizards


422 _Varanus bengalensis_

423 _Varanus flavescens_

424 _Varanus griseus_

425 _Varanus komodoensis_

426 _Varanus nebulosus_


**Xenosauridae**

Chinese crocodile lizard


427 _Shinisaurus crocodilurus_

163


-----

**SERPENTES Boidae**

Boas


428 _Acrantophis spp._

429 _Boa constrictor occidentalis_

430 _Epicrates inornatus_

431 _Epicrates monensis_

432 _Epicrates subflavus_

433 _Sanzinia madagascariensis_


**Bolyeriidae**

Round Island boas


434 _Bolyeria multocarinata_

435 _Casarea dussumieri_


**Pythonidae**

Pythons


436 _Python molurus molurus_


**Viperidae**

Vipers


437 _Vipera ursinii (Only the population of Europe, except_
the area which formerly constituted the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics; these latter populations
are not included in the Appendices.)


**TESTUDINES Chelidae**

Austro-American sideneck turtles


438 _Pseudemydura umbrina_


**Cheloniidae**

Sea turtles


439 Cheloniidae spp.


**Dermochelyidae**

Leatherback turtles


440 _Dermochelys coriacea_


**Emydidae**

Box turtles, freshwater turtles


441 _Glyptemys muhlenbergii_

442 _Terrapene coahuila_

164


-----

**Geoemydidae**
Box turtles, freshwater
turtles


443 _Batagur affinis_

444 _Batagur baska_

445 _Cuora bourreti_

446 _Cuora picturata_

447 _Geoclemys hamiltonii_

448 _Mauremys annamensis_

449 _Melanochelys tricarinata_

450 _Morenia ocellata_

451 _Pangshura tecta_


**Platysternidae**
Big-headed turtles


452 Platysternidae spp.


**Testudinidae**
Tortoises


453 _Astrochelys radiata_

454 _Astrochelys yniphora_

455 _Chelonoidis niger_

456 _Geochelone elegans_

457 _Geochelone platynota_

458 _Gopherus flavomarginatus_

459 _Malacochersus tornieri_

460 _Psammobates geometricus_

461 _Pyxis arachnoides_

462 _Pyxis planicauda_

463 _Testudo kleinmanni_


**Trionychidae**
Softshell turtles


464 _Apalone spinifera atra_

465 _Chitra chitra_

466 _Chitra vandijki_

467 _Nilssonia gangetica_

468 _Nilssonia hurum_

469 _Nilssonia nigricans_


**CLASS AMPHIBIA**
**ANURA**


**Bufonidae**
Toads


165


-----

470 _Altiphrynoides spp._

471 _Amietophrynus channingi_

472 _Amietophrynus superciliaris_

473 _Atelopus zeteki_

474 _Incilius periglenes_

475 _Nectophrynoides spp._

476 _Nimbaphrynoides spp._


**Telmatobiidae**

Andean water frogs


477 _Telmatobius culeus_


**CAUDATA Cryptobranchidae**

Giant salamanders


478 _Andrias spp._


**Salamandridae**

Newts and salamanders


479 _Neurergus kaiseri_


**CLASS ELASMOBRANCHII**
**(SHARKS)**

**PRISTIFORMES Pristidae**

Sawfishes


480 Pristidae spp.


**CLASS ACTINOPTERI (FISHES)**
**ACIPENSERIFORMES Acipenseridae**

Sturgeons


481 _Acipenser brevirostmm_

482 _Acipenser sturio_


**CYPRINIFORMES Catostomidae**

Cui-ui


483 _Chasmistes cuius_


**Cyprinidae**

Carps


484 _Probarbus jullieni_

166


-----

**OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES**
**Osteoglossidae**

Bonytongue


485 _Scleropages formosus_

486 _Scleropages inscriptus_


**PERCIFORMES Sciaenidae**

Totoaba


487 _Totoaba macdonaldi_


**SILURIFORMES Pangasiidae**

Pangasid catfish


488 _Pangasianodon gigas_


**CLASS COELACANTHI**
**(COELACANTHS)**

**COELACANTHIFORMES**
**Latimeriidae**

Coelacanths


489 _Latimeria spp._

**PHYLUM** **ARTHROPODA** **CLASS**

**INSECTA (INSECTS)**

**LEPIDOPTERA Papilionidae**

Birdwing butterflies, swallowtail
butterflies

490 _Achillides chikae chikae_

491 _Achillides chikae hermeli_

492 _Ornithoptera alexandrae_

493 _Papilio homerus_

494 _Parides burchellanus_


**PHYLUM MOLLUSCA**


167


-----

**CLASS BIVALVIA (CLAMS AND**
**MUSSELS)**
**UNIONOIDA**
**Unionidae Freshwater**
mussels, pearly mussels

495 _Conradilla caelata_

496 _Dromus dromas_

497 _Epioblasma curtisii_

498 _Epioblasma florentina_

499 _Epioblasma sampsonii_

500 _Epioblasma sulcata perobliqua_

501 _Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum_

502 _Epioblasma torulosa torulosa_

503 _Epioblasma turgidula_

504 _Epioblasma walkeri_

505 _Fusconaia cuneolus_

506 _Fusconaia edgariana_

507 _Lampsilis higginsii_

508 _Lampsilis orbiculata orbiculata_

509 _Lampsilis satur_

510 _Lampsilis virescens_

511 _Plethobasus cicatricosus_

512 _Plethobasus cooperianus_

513 _Pleurobema plenum_

514 _Potamilus capax_

515 _Quadrula intermedia_

516 _Quadrula sparsa_

517 _Toxolasma cylindrella_

518 _Unio nickliniana_

519 _Unio tampicoensis tecomatensis_

520 _Villosa trabalis_

CLASS GASTROPODA (SNAILS AND
CONCHES)
STYLOMMATOPHORA
**Achatinellidae**
Agate snails, oahu tree snails

521 _Achatinella spp._


**Cepolidae**
Helicoid terrestrial snails


522 _Polymita spp._

168


-----

**FLORA (PLANTS)**


**AGAVACEAE**


Agaves


523 _Agave parviflora_


**APOCYNACEAE**

**Elephant trunks, hoodias**


524 _Pachypodium ambongense_

525 _Pachypodium baronii_

526 _Pachypodium decaryi_


**ARAUCARIACEAE**

**Monkey-puzzle trees**


527 _Araucaria araucana_


**CACTACEAE Cacti**


528 _Ariocarpus spp._

529 _Astrophytum asterias_

530 _Aztekium ritteri_

531 _Coryphantha werdermannii_

532 _Discocactus spp._

533 _Echinocereus ferreiranus ssp. lindsayorum_

534 _Echinocereus schmollii_

535 _Escobaria minima_

536 _Escobaria sneedii_

537 _Mammillaria pectinifera (Includes ssp. solisioides)_

538 _Melocactus conoideus_

539 _Melocactus deinacanthus_

540 _Melocactus glaucescens_

541 _Melocactus paucispinus_

542 _Obregonia denegrii_

543 _Pachycereus militaris_

544 _Pediocactus bradyi_

545 _Pediocactus knowltonii_

546 _Pediocactus paradinei_

547 _Pediocactus peeblesianus_

548 _Pediocactus sileri_

169


-----

549 _Pelecyphora spp._

550 _Sclerocactus blainei_

551 _Sclerocactus brevihamatus ssp. tobuschii_

552 _Sclerocactus brevispinus_

553 _Sclerocactus cloverae_

554 _Sclerocactus erectocentrus_

555 _Sclerocactus glaucus_

556 _Sclerocactus mariposensis_

557 _Sclerocactus mesae-verdae_

558 _Sclerocactus nyensis_

559 _Sclerocactus papyracanthus_

560 _Sclerocactus pubispinus_

561 _Sclerocactus sileri_

562 _Sclerocactus wetlandicus_

563 _Sclerocactus wrightiae_

564 _Strombocactus spp._

565 _Turbinicarpus spp._

566 _Uebelmannia spp._


**COMPOSITAE**
**(Asteraceae) Kuth**


567 _Saussurea costus_


**CUPRESSACEAE**
Alerce, cypresses


568 _Fitzroya cupressoides_

569 _Pilgerodendron uviferum_


**CYCADACEAE**
Cycads


570 _Cycas beddomei_


**EUPHORBIACEAE**
Spurges


571 _Euphorbia ambovombensis_

572 _Euphorbia capsaintemariensis_

573 _Euphorbia cremersii (Includes the forma_
_viridifolia and the variety rakotozafyi.)_

574 _Euphorbia cylindrifolia (Includes the_
subspecies tuberifera.)

575 _Euphorbia decaryi (Includes the_
varieties ampanihyensis, robinsonii and spirosticha.)

576 _Euphorbia francoisii_

577 _Euphorbia moratii (Includes the_

170


-----

varieties antsingiensis, bemarahensis and multiflora.)


578 _Euphorbia parvicyathophora_

579 _Euphorbia quartziticola_

580 _Euphorbia tulearensis_


**FOUQUIERIACEAE**

**Ocotillos**


581 _Fouquieriafasciculata_

582 _Fouquieria purpusii_


**LEGUMINOSAE (Fabaceae)**

Afrormosia, Cristobal, palisander,

rosewood, sandalwood


583 _Dalbergia nigra_


**LILIACEAE Aloes**


584 _Aloe albida_

585 _Aloe albiflora_

586 _Aloe alfredii_

587 _Aloe bakeri_

588 _Aloe bellatula_

589 _Aloe calcairophila_

590 _Aloe compressa (Includes the_


varieties paucituberculata,

_rugosquamosa and schistophila.)_


591 _Aloe delphinensis_

592 _Aloe descoingsii_

593 _Aloe fragilis_

594 _Aloe haworthioides (Includes the variety aurantiaca.)_

595 _Aloe helenae_

596 _Aloe laeta (Includes the variety maniaensis.)_

597 _Aloe parallelifolia_

598 _Aloe parvula_

599 _Aloe pillansii_

600 _Aloe polyphylla_

601 _Aloe rauhii_

602 _Aloe suzannae_

603 _Aloe versicolor_

171


-----

604 _Aloe vossii_


**NEPENTHACEAE**
Pitcher-plants (Old World)


605 _Nepenthes khasiana_

606 _Nepenthes rajah_

ORCHIDACEAE Orchids For all of the following Appendix-I orchid species,
seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid
or liquid media, and transported in sterile containers
are not subject to the provisions of the Convention
only if the specimens meet the definition of
‘artificially propagated’ agreed by the Conference of
the Parties

607 _Aerangis ellisii_

608 _Cattleya jongheana_

609 _Cattleya lobata_

610 _Dendrobium cruentum_

611 _Mexipedium xerophyticum_

612 _Paphiopedilum spp._

613 _Peristeria elata_

614 _Phragmipedium spp._

615 _Renanthera imschootiana_


**PALMAE**
(Arecaceae) Palms


616 _Dypsis decipiens_


**PINACEAE**
Firs and pines


617 _Abies guatemalensis_


**PODOCARPACEAE**
Podocarps


618 _Podocarpus parlatorei_


**RUBIACEAE**
Ayugue


619 _Balmea storniiae_


**SARRACENIACEAE**
Pitcher-plants (New World)


620 _Sarracenia oreophila_

621 _Sarracenia rubra ssp. alabamensis_

622 _Sarracenis rubra ssp. jonesii_


**STANGERIACEAE**
Stangerias


172


-----

623 _Stangeria eriopus_


**ZAMIACEAE Cycads**


624 _Ceratozamia spp._

625 _Encephalartos spp._

626 _Microcycas calocoma_

627 _Zamia restrepoi]_

173


-----

**APPENDIX II**


**FAUNA (ANIMALS)**

**PHYLUM CHORDATA**

**CLASS MAMMALIA**
**(MAMMALS)**
**Bovidae**


Antelopes, cattle, duikers, gazelles, goats, sheep, etc.


1 _Ammotragus lervia_

2 _Budorcas taxicolor_

3 _Copra caucasica_

4 _Cephalophus brookei_

5 _Cephalophus dorsalis_

6 _Cephalophus ogilbyi_

7 _Cephalophus silvicultor_

8 _Cephalophus zebra_

9 _Damaliscus pygargus pygargus_

10 _Kobus leche_

11 _Ovis ammon_

12 _Ovis arabica_

13 _Ovis bocfiariensis_

14 _Ovis canadensis (Only the population of Mexico; no other_


population is included in the Appendices.)


15 _Ovis collium_

16 _Ovis cycloceros_

17 _Ovis darwini_

18 _Ovisjubata_

19 _Ovis karelini_

20 _fris polii_

21 _Ovis punjabiensis_

22 _Ovis severtzovi_

174


-----

23 _Philantomba monticola_

24 _Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata_

25 _Saiga borealis (A zero export quota for wild specimens_
traded for commercial purposes)

26 _Saiga tatarica (A zero export quota for wild specimens traded_
for commercial purposes)

**Camelidae**


Camels, guanacos, vicunas


27 _Lama guanicoe_


28


_Vicugna vicugna_
1[Only the populations of Argentina (the populations of the
Provinces of Jujuy, Catamarca and Salta, and the semi-captive
populations of the Provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, La
Rioja and San Juan), Chile (populations of the region of
Tarapaca and of the region of Arica and Parinacota), Ecuador
(the whole population), Peru (the whole population) and the
Plurinational State of Bolivia (the whole population); all other
populations are included in Appendix I]


**Cervidae**
Deer, huemuls, muntjacs, pudus


31 _Cervus elaphus bactrianus_


32


_Pudu mephistophiles_


**Giraffidae**
Giraffes


33 _Giraffa camelopardalis_

**Hippopotaraidae**


Hippopotamuses


34 _Hexaprotodon liberiensis_

35 _Hippopotamus amphibius_

Moschidae Musk deer

36 _Moschus spp. (Except the populations of Afghanistan,_
Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan, which are
included in Appendix I.)

**Tayassuidae**


Peccaries


37


Tayassuidae spp.
(Except the species included in Appendix I and the
populations of Pecari tajacu of Mexico and the United States
of America, which are not included in the Appendices)

175


-----

**CARNIVORA**
**Canidae**
Dogs, foxes, wolves


38 _Canis lupus (Except the populations of Bhutan, India, Nepal_
and Pakistan, which are included in Appendix I. Excludes the
domesticated form and the dingo which are referenced
as Canis lupus familiaris and Canis lupus dingo, respectively,
which are not subject to the provisions of the Convention)

39 _Cerdocyon thous_

40 _Chrysocyon brachyurus_

41 _Cuon alpinus_

42 _Lycalopex culpaeus_

43 _Lycalopex fulvipes_

44 _Lycalopex griseus_

45 _Lycalopex gymnocercus_

46 _Vulpes cana_


47


_Vulpes zerda_


**Eupleridae**
Fossa, falanouc, Malagasy civets


48 _Cryptoprocta ferox_

49 _Eupleres goudotii_


50


_Fossa fossana_


**Felidae**
Cats


Felidae spp.

[Except the species included in Appendix I. Excludes
specimens of the domesticated form, which are not subject to
the provisions of the Convention. For Panthera leo (African
populations) : a zero annual export quota is established for
specimens of bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws,
skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded
for commercial purposes. Annual export quotas for trade in
bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws. skeletons, skulls
and teeth for commercial purposes, derived from captive
breeding operations in South Africa, will be established and
communicated annually to the CITES Secretariat.]


**Mephitidae**
Skunks


52 **Lutrinae**


_Conepatus humboldtii_


Otters


53


Lutrinae spp.
(Except the species included in Appendix I)


176


-----

**Otariidae**


Fur seals, sealions


54 _Arctocephalus spp._
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**Phocidae**


Seals


55 _Mirounga leonine_

**Ursidae**


Bears, giant pandas


56 Ursidae spp.


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


**Viverridae**


Binturong, civets, linsangs, ottercivet, palm civets


57 _Cynogale bennettii_

58 _Hemigalus derbyanus_


59


_Prionodon linsang_


**CETACEA**
Dolphins, porpoises, whales


CETACEA SPP.
(Except for the species included in Appendix I. A zero annual
export quota has been established for live specimens from the
Black Sea population of Tursiops truncatus removed from the
wild and traded for primarily commercial purposes.)


**CHIROPTERA**


**Pteropodidae**

Fruit bats, flying foxes


61 _Acerodon spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

62 _Pteropus spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

**CINGULATA**


**Dasypodidae**
Armadillos


63 _Chaetophractus nationi_
(A zero annual export quota has been established. All
specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species
included in Appendix I and the trade in them shall be
regulated accordingly.)

**DIPROTODONTIA**

**Macropodidae**

Kangaroos, wallabies


177


-----

64 _Dendrolagus inustus_

65 _Dendrolagus ursinus_

**Phalangeridae**


Cuscuses


66 _Phalanger intercastellanus_

67 _Phalanger mimicus_

68 _Phalanger orientalis_

69 _Spilocuscus kraemeri_

70 _Spilocuscus maculatus_

71 _Spilocuscus papuensis_

**MONOTREMATA**

**Tachyglossidae**

Echidnas, spiny anteaters

72 _Zaglossus spp._

**PERISSODACTYLA**

**Equidae**
Horses, wild asses, zebras


73 _Equus hemionus (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

74 _Equus kiang_

75 _Equus zebra hartmannae_

76 _Equus zebra zebra_

**Rhinocerotidae**

Rhinoceroses

_Ceratotherium simum simum (Only the populations of_
Eswatini and South Africa; all other populations are included
in Appendix I. For the exclusive purpose of allowing
international trade in live animals to appropriate and
acceptable destinations and hunting trophies. All other
specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species
included in Appendix I and the trade in them shall be
regulated accordingly.)


**Tapiridae**


Tapirs


78 _Tapirus terrestris_

**[PHOLIDOTA ]**

**Manidae**
Pangolins


79 _Manis spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

**[PILOSA ]**

**Bradypodidae**
Three-toed sloths


80 _Bradypus pygmaeus_

178


-----

81 _Bradypus variegatus_

**Myrmecophagidae**


American anteaters


82 _Myrmecophaga tridactyla_

**PRIMATES**


Apes, monkeys


83 PRIMATES SPP. (Except the species included in Appendix I)

**PROBOSCIDEA Elephantidae**


Elephants


84 _Loxodonta africana (Only the populations of Botswana,_

Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe; all other populations


are included in Appendix I)


**RODENTIA Muridae**


Mice, rats


85 _Leporillus conditor_

86 _Pseudomys fieldi_

87 _Xeromys myoides_

88 _Zyzomys pedunculatus_

**Sciuridae**


Ground squirrels, tree squirrels


89 _Ratufa spp._

**SCANDENTIA**


Tree shrews


90 SCANDENTIA SPP.

**CLASS AVES**


**ANSERIFORMES Anatidae**

Ducks, geese, swans, etc.


91 _Anas bernieri_

92 _Anas formosa_

93 _Branta ruficollis_

94 _Coscoroba coscoroba_

95 _Cygnus melancoryphas_

96 _Dendrocygna arborea_

97 _Oxyura leucocephala_

98 _Sarkidiornis melanotos_

179


-----

**APODIFORMES Trochilidae**


Hummingbirds


99 Trochilidae spp.


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


**CICONIIFORMES**

**Balaenicipitidae**

Shoebills, whale-headed storks

100 _Balaeniceps rex_

**Ciconiidae**


Storks


101 _Ciconia nigra_

**Phoenicopteridae**


Flamingos


102 Phoenicopteridae spp.

**Threskiornithidae**


Ibises, spoonbills


103 _Eudocimus ruber_

104 _Geronticus calvus_


105


_Platalea leucorodia_


**COLUMBIFORMES**
**Columbidae**

Doves, pigeons


106 _Gallicolumba luzonica_

107 _Goura spp._


**CORACIIFORMES**
**Bucerotidae**

Hornbills


108 _Aceros spp._


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


109 _Anorrhinus spp._

110 _Anthracoceros spp._

111 _Berenicornis spp._

112 _Buceros spp._


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


113 _Penelopides spp._

114 _Rhyticeros spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_


**CUCULIFORMES**
**Musophagidae**


180


-----

Turacos


115 _Tauraco spp._


**FALCONIFORMES**

Eagles, falcons, hawks, vultures


116 FALCONIFORMES SPP.

(Except Caracara lutosa and the species of the family

Cathartidae, which are not included in the Appendices; and


the species included in Appendices I and III)


**GALLIFORMES Phasianidae**


Grouse, guineafowl, partridges,


peafowl, pheasants, tragopaus


117 _Argusianus argus_

118 _Gallus sonneratii_

119 _lihaginis emeritus_

120 _Paw muticus_

121 _Polyplectron bicalcaratum_

122 _Polyplectron germaini_

123 _Polyplectron malacense_

124 _Polyplectron schleiermacheri_

125 _Syrmaticus reevesii_

126 _Tympanuchus cupido attwateri_

**GRUIFORMES Gruidae**


Cranes


127 Gruidae spp.


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


**Otididae**


Bustards


128 Otididae spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)

**PASSERIFORMES Cotingidae**


Cotingas


129 _Rupicola spp._

**Emberizidae**


Cardinals, tanagers


130 _Gubernatrlx cristata_

131 _Paroaria capitata_

132 _Paroaria coronata_

133 _Tangara fastuosa_

181


-----

**Estrildidae**


Mannikins, waxbills


134 _Amandava formosa_

135 _Lonchura oryzivora_

136 _Poephila cincta cincta_

**Fringillidae**


Finches


137 _Carduelis yarrellii_

**Meliphagidae**


Honeyeaters


138 _Lichenostomus melanops cassidix_

**Muscicapidae**


Old-world flycatchers


139 _Cyornis ruckii_

140 _Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis_

141 _Dasyornis longirostris_

142 _Garrulax canorus_

143 _Garrulax taewanus_

144 _Leiothrix argentauris_

145 _Leiothrix lutea_

146 _Liocichla omeiensis_

**Paradisaeidae**


Birds of paradise


147 Paradisaeidae spp.

**Pittidae**


Pittas


148 _Pitta guajana_

149 _Pitta nympha_

**Pycnonotidae**


Bulbuls


150 _Pycnonotus zeylanicus_

**Sturnidae**


Mynas, starlings


151 _Gracula religiosa_

**PICIFORMES Ramphastidae**


Toucans


152 _Pteroglossus aracari_

153 _Pteroglossus viridis_

154 _Ramphastos sulfuratus_

155 _Ramphastos toco_

156 _Ramphastos tucanus_

182


-----

157 _Ramphastos vitellinus_

158 PSITTACIFORMES


PSITTACIFORMES SPP.
(Except for the species included in Appendix I and Agapornis
_roseicollis, Melopsittacus undulatus, Nymphicus_
_hollandicus and Psittacula krameri, which are not included in_
the Appendices.)


**RHEIFORMES Rheidae**


Rheas


159 _Pterocnemia pennata pennata_

160 _Rhea americana_

**SPHENISCIFORMES**

**Spheniscidae**
Penguins

161 _Spheniscus demersiis_

**STRIGIFORMES**


Owls


162 STRIGIFORMES SPP.
(Except Sceloglaux albifacies and the species included in
Appendix I.)

**CLASS REPTILIA**


CROCODYLIA Alligators,
caimans, crocodiles


163 CROCODYLIA SPP.
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**SAURIA Agamidae**


Spiny-tailed lizards, agamas


164 _Ceratophora aspera (Zero export quota for wild specimens for_
commercial purposes)

165 _Ceratophora stoddartii (Zero export quota for wild specimens_
for commercial purposes)

166 _Lyriocephalus scittatus (Zero export quota for wild specimens_
for commercial purposes)

167 _Saara spp._

168 _Uromastyx spp._

**Anguidae**


Alligator lizards


169 _Abronia spp._
(Except the species included in Appendix I. Zero export quota
for wild specimens for Abronia aurita A. gaiophantasma, A.
_montecristoi, A. salvadorenis and A. vasconcelosii)_

183


-----

**Chamaeleonidae**


Chameleons


170 _Archaius spp._

171 _Bradypodion spp._

172 _Brookesia spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

173 _Calumma spp._

174 _Chamaeleo spp._

175 _Furcifer spp._

176 _Kinyongia spp._

177 _Nadzikambia spp._

178 _Palleon spp._

179 _Rhampholeon spp._

180 _Rieppeleon spp._

181 _Trioceros spp._

**Cordylidae**


Spiny-tailed lizards


182 _Cordylus spp._

183 _Hemicordylus spp._

184 _Karusaurus spp._

185 _Namazonums spp._

186 _Ninurta spp._

187 _Ouroborus spp._

188 _Pseudocordylus spp._

189 _Smaug spp._

**Eublepharidae**


Eyelid geckos


190 _Goniurosaurus spp. (Except the species native to Japan)_

**Gekkonidae**


Geckos


191 _Gekko gecko_

192 _Nactus serpensinsula_

193 _Naultinus spp._

194 _Paroedura androyensis_

195 _Paroedura masobe_

196 _Phelsuma spp._

197 _Rhoptropella spp._

198 _Uroplatus spp._

**Helodermatidae**


Beaded lizards, Gila monsters


184


-----

199 _Heloderma spp. (Except the subspecies included in Appendix I)_

**Iguanidae**


Iguanas


200 _Amblyrhynchus cristatus_

201 _Conolophus spp._

202 _Ctenosaura spp._

203 _Iguana spp._

204 _Phrynosoma blainvillii_

205 _Phrynosoma cerroense_

206 _Phrynosoma coronation_

207 _Phrynosoma wigginsi_

**Lacertidae**


Lizards


208 _Podarcis lilfordi_

209 _Podarcis pityusensis_

**Lanthanotidae**


Earless monitor lizards


210 Lanthanotidae spp. (Zero export quota for wild specimens for


commercial purposes.)


**Polychrotidae Scincidae**


Skinks


211 _Corucia zebrata_

**Teiidae**


Caiman lizards, tegu lizards


212 _Crocodilurus amazonicus_

213 _Dracaena spp._

214 _Salvator spp._


215


_Tupinambis spp._


**Varanidae**

Monitor lizards


216 _Varanus spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

**SERPENTES Boidae**


Boas


217 Boidae spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)

**Bolyeriidae**

Round Island boas

185


-----

218 Bolyeriidae spp.
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**Colubridae**

Typical snakes, water snakes,
whipsnakes

219 _Clelia clelia_

220 _Cyclagras gigas_

221 _Elachistodon westermanni_

222 _Ptyas mucosus_

**Elapidae**


Cobras, coral snakes


223 _Hoplocephalus bungaroides_

224 _Naja atra_

225 _Naja kaouthia_

226 _Naja mandalayensis_

227 _Naja naja_

228 _Naja oxiana_

229 _Naja philippinensis_

230 _Naja sagittifera_

231 _Naja samarensis_

232 _Naja siamensis_

233 _Naja sputatrix_

234 _Naja sumatrana_

235 _Ophiophagus hannah_

**Loxocemidae**


Mexican dwarf boas


236 Loxocemidae spp.

**Pythonidae**


Pythons


237 Pythonidae spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)

**Tropidophiidae**


Wood boas


238 Tropidophiidae spp.

**Viperidae**


Vipers


239 _Athens desaixi_

240 _Bitis worthingtoni_

241 _Pseudocerastes urarachnoides_

242 _Trimeresurus mangshanensis_

243 _Vipera wagneri_

**TESTUDINES**


**Carettochelyidae**


186


-----

Pig-nosed turtles


244 _Carettochelys insculpta_

**Chelidae**


Austro-American sideneck turtles


245 _Chelodina mccordi (Zero export quota for specimens from the_
wild.)

**Dermatemydidae**


Central American river turtles


246 _Dermatemys mawii_

**Emydidae**


Box turtles, freshwater turtles


247 _Clemmys guttata_

248 _Emydoidea blandingii_

249 _Glyptemys insculpta_

250 _Malaclemys terrapin_

251 _Terrapene spp._
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**Geoemydidae**


Box turtles, freshwater turtles


252 _Batagur borneoensis (Zero quota for wild specimens for_
commercial purposes.)

253 _Batagur dhongoka_

254 _Batagur kachuga_

255 _Batagur trivittata (Zero quota for wild specimens for_
commercial purposes.)

256 _Cuora spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I; zero_
quota for wild specimens for commercial purposes for Cuora
_aurocapitata, C. flavomarginata, C. galbinifrons, C. mccordi,_
_C. mouhotii, C. pani, C. trifasciata, C. yunnanensis and C._
_zhoui.)_

257 _Cyclemys spp._

258 _Geoemyda japonica_

259 _Geoemyda spengleri_

260 _Hardella thurjii_

261 _Heosemys annandalii (Zero quota for wild specimens for_
commercial purposes.)

262 _Heosemys depressa (Zero quota for wild specimens for_
commercial purposes.)

263 _Heosemys grandis_

264 _Heosemys spinosa_

265 _Leucocephalon yuwonoi_

187


-----

266 _Malayemys macrocephala_

267 _Malayemys subtrijuga_

268 _Mau remys japonica_

269 _Mauremys mutica_

270 _Mauremys nigricans_

271 _Melanochelys trijuga_

272 _Morenia peter si_

273 _Notochelys platynota_

274 _Orlitia borneensis (Zero quota for wild specimens for_
commercial purposes.)

275 _Pangshura spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

276 _Sacalia bealei_

277 _Sacalia quadriocellata_

278 _Siebenroctiella crassicollis_

279 _Siebenrockiella leytensis_

280 _Vijayachelys silvatica_

**Podocnemididae**


Afro-American sideneck turtles


281 _Erymnochelys madagascariensis_

282 _Peltocephalus dumerilianus_

283 _Podocnemis spp._

**Testudinidae**


Tortoises


284 Testudinidae spp. (Except for the species included in Appendix
I. A zero annual export quota has been established
for Centrochelys sulcata for specimens removed from the wild
and traded for primarily commercial purposes.)

**Trionychidae**


Softshell turtles


285 _Amyda cartilaginea_

286 _Chitra spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I.)_

287 _Cyclanorbis elegans_

288 _Cyclanorbis senegaiensis_

289 _Cycloderma aubryi_

290 _Cyclodermafrenatum_

291 _Dogania subplana_

292 _Lissemys ceylonensis_

188


-----

293 _Lissemys punctata_

294 _Lissemys scutata_

295 _Nilssonia formosa_

296 _Nilssonia leithii_

297 _Palea steindachneri_

298 _Pelochelys spp._

299 _Pelodiscus axenaria_

300 _Pelodiscus maackii_

301 _Pelodiscus parviformis_

302 _Rafetus euphraticus_

303 _Rafetus swinhoei_

304 _Trionyx triunguis_

**CLASS AMPHIBIA ANURA**


**Aromobatidae**
Cryptic forest frogs


305 _Allobates femoralis_

306 _Allobates hodli_

307 _Allobates myersi_

308 _Allobates zaparo_

309 _Anomaloglossus rufuhts_

**Dendrobatidae**


Poison frogs


310 _Adelphobates spp._

311 _Ameerega spp._

312 _Andinobates spp._

313 _Dendrobates spp._

314 _Epipedobates spp._

315 _Excidobates spp._

316 _Hyloxalus azureiventris_

317 _Minyabates spp._

318 _Oophaga spp._

319 _Phyllobates spp._

320 _Ranitomeya spp._

**Dicroglossidae**


Frogs


321 _Euphlyctis hexadactylus_

322 _Hoplobatrachus tigerinus_

**Hylidae**


Tree frogs


189


-----

323 _Agalychnis spp._

**Mantellidae**


Mantella frogs


324 _Mantella spp._

**Microhylidae**


Tomato frogs


325 _Dyscophus antongilii_

326 _Dyscophus guineti_

327 _Dyscophus insularis_

328 _Scaphiophryne boribory_

329 _Scaphiophryne gottlebei_

330 _Scaphiophryne marmorata_

331 _Scaphiophryne spinosa_

**Myobatrachidae**


Gastric-brooding frogs


332 _Rheobatrachus spp._


(Except Rheobatrachus silus and Rheobatrachus


_vitellinus which are not included in the Appendices)_


**CAUDATA Ambystomatidae**


Axolotls, mole salamanders


333 _Ambystoma dumerilii_

334 _Ambystoma mexicanum_

**Salamandridae**


Newts and salamanders


335 _Echinotriton chinhaiensis_

336 _Echinotriton maxiquadratus_

337 _Paramesotriton spp._

338 _Tylototriton spp._

**CLASS** **ELASMOBRANCHH**


**(SHARKS)**

**CARCHARHINIFORMES**
**Carcharhinidae**
Requiem sharks


339 _Carcharhinus falciformis_

340 _Carcharhinus longunanus_

**Sphyrnidae**


Hammerhead sharks


341 _Sphyrna lewini_

342 _Sphyrna mokarran_

343 _Sphyrna zygaena_

190


-----

**LAMNIFORMES**


**Alopiidae**
Thresher sharks


344 _Alopias spp._

**Cetorhinidae**


Basking sharks


345 _Cetorhinus maximus_

**Lamnidae**


Mackerel sharks


346 _Carcharodon carcharias_

347 _hums oxyrinchus_

348 _Isurus paucus_

349 _Lamna nasus_

**MYLIOBATIFORMES**


**Myliobatidae**
Eagle and mobulid rays


350 _Manta spp._

351 _Mobula spp._

**ORECTOLOBIFORMES**


**Rhincodontidae**
Whale sharks


352 _Rhincodon typus_

**RHINOPRISTIFORMES**


**Glaucostegidae**
Guitarfishes


353 _Glaucostegus spp._

**Rhinidae**


Wedgefishes


354 _Rhinidae spp._

**CLASS ACTINOPTERI**


**(FISHES)**

**ACIPENSERIFORMES**


355 ACIPENSERIFORMES SPP.


**ANGUILLIFORMES**


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


**Anguillidae**
Freshwater eels


356 _Anguilla anguilla_

**CYPRINIFORMES**


**Cyprinidae**
Carps


357 _Caecobarbus geertsii_

191


-----

**OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES**


**Arapaimidae**

Arapaimas


358 _Arapaima gigas_

**PERCIFORMES Labridae**


Wrasses


359 _Cheilinus undulatus_

**Pomacanthidae**


Angelfishes


360 _Holacanthus clarionensis_

**SYNGNATHIFORMES**


**Syngnathidae**

Pipefishes, seahorses


361 _Hippocampus spp._

**CLASS DIPNEUSTI**


**(LUNGFISHES)**

**CERATODONTIFORMES**

**Neoceratodontidae**

Australian lungfishes


362 _Neoceratodus forsteri_

**PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA**


**CLASS HOLOTHUROIDEA**
**(SEA CUCUMBERS)**

**HOLOTHURIIDA**
**Holothuriidae**

Teatfishes, Sea cucumbers


363 _Holothuria fuscogilva_

364 _Holothuria nobilis_

365 _Holothuria whitmaei_

**PHYLUM ARTHROPODA**


**CLASS ARACHNIDA**
**(SCORPIONS AND SPIDERS)**

**ARANEAE**


192


-----

**Theraphosidae**


Red-kneed tarantulas, tarantulas


366 _Aphonopelma albiceps_

367 _Aphonopelma pallidum_

368 _Brachypelma spp._

369 _Poecilotheria spp._

**SCORPIONES**


**Scorpionidae**
Scorpions


370 _Pandinus camerounensis_

371 _Pandinus dictator_

372 _Pandinus gambiensis_

373 _Pandinus imperator_

374 _Pandinus roeseli_

**CLASS INSECTA (INSECTS)**


**COLEOPTERA**

**Scarabaeidae**
Scarab beetles


375 _Dynastes satanas_

**LEPIDOPTERA**

**Papilionidae**
Birdwing butterflies, swallowtail
butterflies

376 _Atrophaneura jophon_

377 _Atrophaneura pandiyana_

378 _Bhutanitis spp._

379 _Ornithoptera spp. (Except the species included in Appendix I)_

380 _Papilio hospiton_

381 _Parnassius apollo_

382 _Teinopalpus spp._

383 _Trogonoptera spp._

384 _Troides spp._

**PHYLUM ANNELIDA**

**CLASS** **HIRUDINOIDEA**


**(LEECHES)**

**ARHYNCHOBDELLIDA**

**Hirudinidae**


193


-----

Medicinal leeches

385 _Hirudo medicinalis_

386 _Himdo verbana_

**PHYLUM MOLLUSCA**

**CLASS BIVALVIA (CLAMS**
**AND MUSSELS)**


**MYTILOIDA**

**Mytilidae**

Marine mussels


387 _Lithophaga lithophaga_

**UNIONOIDA**


**Unionidae**

Freshwater mussels, pearly
mussels


388 _Cyprogenia aberti_

389 _Epioblasma tondosa rangiana_


390 VENEROIDA


_Pleurobema clava_


**Tridacnidae**

Giant clams


391 _Tridacnidae spp._

**CLASS CEPHALOPODA**


**(SQUIDS, OCTOPUSES,**
**CUTTLEFISH)**

**NAUTILIDA**

**Nautilidae**

Chambered nautilus


392 _Nautilidae spp._

**CLASS GASTROPODA**


**(SNAILS AND CONCHES)**

**MESOGASTROPODA**

**Strombidae**

True conchs


393 _Strombus gigas_

**STYLOMMATOPHORA**


**Camaenidae**

Green tree snails


194


-----

394 _Papustyla pulcherrima_

**PHYLUM CNIDARIA**

**CLASS ANTHOZOA**


**(CORALS AND SEA**
**ANEMONES)**


**ANTIPATHARIA**

Black corals


395 **ANTIPATHARIA SPP.**

**HELIOPORACEA**

**Helioporidae**


Blue corals


396 _Helioporidae spp._ (Includes only the species Heliopora

_coerulea. Fossils are not subject to the provisions of the_
Convention)

**SCLERACTINIA**


Stony corals


397 SCLERACTINIA SPP.


(Fossils are not subject to the provisions of the Convention)


**STOLONIFERA Tubiporidae**


Organ-pipe corals


398 _Tubiporidae spp._


(Fossils are not subject to the provisions of the Convention)


**CLASS** **HYDROZOA** **(SEA**

**FERNS, FIRE CORALS AND**
**STINGING MEDUSAE)**


**MILLEPORINA**


**Milleporidae**

Fire corals


399 _Milleporidae spp._


(Fossils are not subject to the provisions of the Convention)


**STYLASTERINA**

**Stylasteridae**


Lace corals


400 _Stylasteridae spp._


(Fossils are not subject to the provisions of the Convention


**FLORA (PLANTS)**


195


-----

**AGAVACEAE**

Agaves

401 _Agave victoriae-reginae [#][4]_

402 _Nolina interrata_

403 _Yucca queretaroensis_

**AMARYLLIDACEAE**


Snowdrops, sternbergias


404 _Galanthus spp.#[4]_

405 _Sternbergia spp.[#4]_

**ANACARDIACEAE**


Cashews


406 _Operculicarya decaryi_

407 _Operculicarya hyphaenoides_

408 _Operculicarya pachypus_

**APOCYNACEAE**


Elephant trunks, hoodias


409 _Hoodia spp.[#][4]_

410 _Pachypodium spp.[#4]_


(Except the species included in Appendix I)


411 _Rauvolfia serpentina [#2]_

**ARALIACEAE**


Ginseng


412 _Panax ginseng[#3]_
(Only the population of the Russian Federation; no other
population is included in the Appendices.)

413 _Panax quinquefolius[#3]_

**ASPARAGACEAE**


Includes ponytail palms


414 _Beaucamea spp._

**BERBERIDACEAE**


May-apple


415 _Podophyllum hexandrum [#2]_

**BROMELIACEAE**


Air plants, bromelias


416 _Tillandsia harrisii [#][4]_

417 _Tillandsia kammii [#][4]_

418 _Tillandsia xerographica [#][4]_

**CACTACEAE**


Cacti


419


CACTACEAE SPP.[9]*[4]
(Except the species included in Appendix I and


except Pereskia spp., Pereskiopsis spp. and Quiabentia spp.)


**CARYOCARACEAE**


196


-----

Ajo

420 _Caryocar costaricense [#][4]_

**CUCURBITACEAE**


Melons, gourds, cucurbits


421 _Zygosicyos pubescens_

422 _Zygosicyos tripartitus_

**CUPRESSACEAE**


Alerce, cypresses


423 _Widdringtonia whytei_

**CYATHEACEAE**


Tree-ferns


424 _Cyaihea spp.[#][4]_

**CYCADACEAE**


Cycads


425 CYCADACEAE SPP.[#][4]
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**DICKSONIACEAE**


Tree-ferns


426 _Cibotium barometz [#][4]_

427 _Dicksonia spp. [#][4]_
(Only the populations of the Americas; no other population is
included in the Appendices)

**DIDIEREACEAE**


Alluaudias, didiereas


428 DIDIEREACEAE SPP.[#][4]

**DIOSCOREACEAE**


Elephant's foot, kniss


429 _Dioscorea deltoidea [#][4]_

**DROSERACEAE**


Venus' flytrap


430 _Dionaea muscipula[#][4]_

**EBENACEAE**


Ebonies


431 _Diospyros spp. [#5] (Populations of Madagascar.)_

**EUPHORBIACEAE**


Spurges


197


-----

432


_Euphorbia spp.[#][4]_
(Succulent species only except Euphorbia misera and the
species included in Appendix I. Artificially propagated
specimens of cultivars of Euphorbia trigona, artificially
propagated specimens of crested, fanshaped or colour mutants
of Euphorbia lactea, when grafted on artificially propagated
root stock of Euphorbia neriifolia, and artificially propagated
specimens of cultivars of Euphorbia ‘Milii’ when they are
traded in shipments of 100 or more plants and readily
recognizable as artificially propagated specimens, are not
subject to the provisions of the Convention.)


**FOUQUIERIACEAE**
Ocotillos


433 _Fouquieria columnaris[#][4]_

**JUGLANDACEAE**


Gavilan


434 _Oreomunneapterocarpa #4_

**LAURACEAE**


Laurels


435 _Aniba rosaeodora [#12]_

**LEGUMNOSAE**

(Fabaceae) Afrormosia, Cristobal,
palisander, rosewood, sandalwood

436 _Dalbergia spp.[#15]_
(Except for the species listed in Appendix I and Dalbergia
_sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia)_

437 _Guibourtia demeusei[#15]_

438 _Guibourtia pellegriniana[#15]_

439 _Guibourtia tessmannii[#15]_

440 _Paubrasilia echinata[#10]_

441 _Pericopsis elata[#17]_

442 _Platymiscium parviflorum[#4]_

443 _Pterocarpus erinaceus_

444 _Pterocarpus santalinus[#7]_

445 _Pterocarpus tinctorius[#6]_

446 _Senna meridionalis_

**LILIACEAE**


Aloes


447 _Aloe spp.[#][4]_
(Except the species included in Appendix I. Also excludes
Aloe vera, also referenced as Aloe barbadensis which is not
included in the Appendices.)

**MALVACEAE**


Includes baobabs


198


-----

448


_Adansonia grandidieri[#16]_


**MELIACEAE**
Mahoganies, West Indian cedar


449 _Cedrela spp.[#][4]_
(Populations of the Neotropics)

450 _Swietenia humilis [#][4]_

451 _Swietenia macrophylla *[6] (Populations of the Neotropics)_

452 _Swietenia mahagoni[#5]_

**NEPENTHACEAE**


Pitcher-plants (Old World)


453 _Nepenthes spp.[#][4]_
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**ORCHIDACEAE**


Orchids


454 ORCHIDACEAE SPP. 10 [#4]
(Except for the species included in Appendix I)

**OROBANCHACEAE**


Broomrapes


455 _Cistanche deserticola[#4]_

**PALMAE**


(Arecaceae) Palms


456 _Beccariophoenix madagascariensis[#4]_

457 _Dypsis decaryi *[4]_

458 _Lemurophoenix halleuxii[#4]_

459 _Marojejya darianii_

460 _Ravenea louvelii_

461 _Ravenea rivularis_

462 _Satranala decussilvae_

463 _Voanioala gerardii_

**PASSIFLORACEAE**


Passion-flowers


464 _Adenia firingalavensis_

465 _Adenia olaboensis_

466 _Adenia subsessilifolia_

**PEDALIACEAE**


Sesames


467 _Uncarina grandidieri_

468 _Uncarina stellulifera_

**PORTULACACEAE**


Lewisias, portulacas, purslanes


469 _Anacampseros spp. [#][4]_

470 _Avonia spp. [#][4]_

199


-----

471 _Lewisia serrata [#][4]_

**PRIMULACEAE**


Cyclamens


472 _Cyclamen spy.[ll,#4]_

**RANUNCULACEAE**

Golden seals, yellow adonis,


yellow root


473 _Adonis vernalis [#2]_

474 _Hydrastis canadensis[#8]_

**ROSACEAE**


African cherry, stinkwood


475 _Prunus africana[#][4]_

**SANTALACEAE**


Sandalwoods


476 _Osyris lanceolata [#2]_
(Populations of Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and
the United Republic of Tanzania.)

**SARRACENIACEAE**


Pitcher-plants (New World)


477 Sarracenia spp.[#][4]
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**SCROPHULARIACEAE**


Kutki


478 _Picrorhiza kurrooa [#2]_
(Excludes Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora)

**STANGERIACEAE**


Stangerias


479 _Bowenia spp.[#][4]_

**TAXACEAE**


Himalayan yew


480 _Taxus chinensis [#2]_
(Includes infraspecif ic taxa of this species)

481 _Taxus cuspidata [12,#2]_
(Includes infraspecific taxa of this species)

482 _Taxus fuana[#2]_
(Includes infraspecific taxa of this species.)

483 _Taxus sumatrana [#2]_
(Includes infraspecific taxa of this species.)

484 _Taxus wallichiana [#2]_

**THYMELAEACEAE**


(Aquilariaceae) Agarwood, ramin


485 _Aquilaria spp.[#][14]_

200


-----

486 _Gonystylus spp.[m]_

487 _Gyrinops spp.[#14]_

**VALERIANACEAE**


Himalayan spikenard


488 _Nardostachys grandiflora[ffi]_

VITACEAE


Grapes


489 _Cyphostemma elephantopus_

490 _Cyphostemma laza_

491 _Cyphostemma montagnacii_

**WELWITSCfflACEAE**


Welwitschia


492 _Welwitschia mirabilis[#4]_

**ZAMIACEAE**


Cycads


493 ZAMIACEAESPP.[#4]
(Except the species included in Appendix I)

**ZINGIBERACEAE**


Ginger lily, Natal ginger


494 _Hedychium philippinense[#4]_

495 _Siphonochilus aethiopicus[#4]_
(Populations of Mozambique, South Africa, Eswatini and
Zimbabwe.)

**ZYGOPHYLLACEAE**


Lignum-vitae


496 _Bulnesia sarmientoi[#4]_

497 _Guaiacum spp.[#2]]_

201


-----

**APPENDIX III**

**FAUNA (ANIMALS)**
**PHYLUM CHORDATA**

**CLASS MAMMALIA**
**(MAMMALS)**
**ARTIODACTYLA Bovidae**
Antelopes, cattle, duikers, gazelles, goats, sheep, etc.

1 _Antilope cervicapra (Nepal, Pakistan)_

2 _Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pakistan)_

3 _Bubalus arnee_
(Excludes the domesticated form, which is referenced
as Bubalus
_bubalis and is not subject to the provisions of the_
Convention.)
(Nepal)

4 _Capra hircus aegagrus_
(Specimens of the domesticated form are not subject to
the provisions of the Convention.) (Pakistan)

5 _Capra sibirica (Pakistan)_

6 _Gazella bennettii (Pakistan)_

7 _Gazella dorcas (Algeria, Tunisia)_

8 _Pseudois nayaur (Pakistan)_


9 **Cervidae**
Deer, huemuls, muntjacs, pudus


_Tetracerus quadricomis (Nepal)_


10 _Axis porcinus (Except the subspecies included in_
Appendix I) (Pakistan)

11 _Cervus elaphus barbarus (Algeria, Tunisia)_

12 _Mazama temama cerasina (Guatemala)_


13 **CARNIVORA Canidae**


_Odocoileus virginianus mayensis (Guatemala)_


Dogs, foxes, wolves


14 _Canis aureus (India)_

15 _Vulpes bengalensis (India)_

16 _Vulpes vulpes griffithi (India)_

17 _Vulpes vulpes montana (India)_


18

**Herpestidae**
Mongooses


_Vulpes vulpes pusilla (India)_


19 _Herpestes edwardsi (India, Pakistan)_

20 _Herpestes fuscus (India)_

21 _Herpestes javanicus (Pakistan)_

22 _Herpestes javanicus auropunctatus (India)_

23 _Herpestes smithii (India)_

24 _Herpestes urva (India)_


25 **Hyaenidae**


_Herpestes vitticollis (India)_


Aardwolf, hyenas


202


-----

26 _Hyaena hyaena (Pakistan)_

27 _Proteles cristata (Botswana)_

**Mustelinae**
Grisons, honey badgers, martens, tayra,
weasels

28 _Eira barbara (Honduras)_

29 _Martes flavigula (India)_

30 _Martes foina intermedia (India)_

31 _Martes gwatkinsii (India)_

32 _Mellivora capensis (Botswana)_

33 _Mustela altaica (India)_

34 _Mustela ermineaferghanae (India)_

35 _Mustela kathiah (India)_

36 _Mustela sibirica (India)_


**Odobenidae**
Walruses


37 _Odobenus rosmarus (Canada)_


**Procyonidae**
Coatis, kinkajous, olingos


38 _Nasua narica (Honduras)_

39 _Nasua nasua solitaria (Uruguay)_

40 _Potosflavus (Honduras)_

**Viverridae**
Binturong, civets, linsangs, otter-civet,
palm civets

41 _Arctictis binturong (India)_

42 _Civettictis civetta (Botswana)_

43 _Paguma larvata (India)_

44 _Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (India)_

45 _Paradoxurus jerdoni (India)_

46 _Viverra civettina (India)_

47 _Viverra zibetha (India)_

48 _Viverricula indica (India)_


**CHIROPTERA Phyllostomidae**
Broad-nosed bats


49 _Platyrrhinus lineatus (Uruguay)_


**CINGULATA Dasypodidae**
Armadillos


50 _Cabassous tatouay (Uruguay)_

203


-----

**PILOSA**
**Myrmecophagidae**

American anteaters

51 _Tamandua mexicana (Guatemala)_


**RODENTIA Cuniculidae**

Pacas


52 _Cuniculus paca (Honduras)_


**Dasyproctidae**

Agoutis


53 _Dasyprocta punctata (Honduras)_


**Erethizontidae**

New-world porcupines


54 _Sphiggurus mexicanus (Honduras)_

55 _Sphiggurus spinosus (Uruguay)_


**Sciuridae**

Ground squirrels, tree squirrels


56 _Marmota caudata (India)_

57 _Marmota himalayana (India)_


**CLASS AVES**

**ANSERIFORMES**

**Anatidae**

Ducks, geese, swans, etc.


58 _Dendrocygna autumnalis (Honduras)_

59 _Dendrocygna bicolor (Honduras)_


**CHARADRIIFORMES Burhinidae**

Thick-knees


60 _Burhinus bistriatus (Guatemala)_


**COLUMBIFORMES Columbidae**

Doves, pigeons


61 _Nesoenas mayeri (Mauritius)_


**FALCONIFORMES**

Eagles, falcons, hawks, vultures

**Cathartidae**

New-world vultures


62 _Sarcoramphus papa (Honduras)_

204


-----

**GALLIFORMES**

**Cracidae**

Chachalacas, currassows, guans


63 _Crax alberti (Colombia)_

64 _Crax daubentoni (Colombia)_

65 _Crax globulosa (Colombia)_

66 _Crax rubra (Colombia, Guatemala, Honduras)_

67 _Ortalis vetula (Guatemala, Honduras)_

68 _Pauxi pauxi (Colombia)_

69 _Penelope purpurascens (Honduras)_

70 _Penelopina nigra (Guatemala)_


**Phasianidae**


Grouse, guineafowl, partridges, peafowl,
pheasants, tragopans

71 _Lophura leucomelanos (Pakistan)_

72 _Meleagris ocellata (Guatemala)_

73 _Pavo cristatus (Pakistan)_

74 _Pucrasia macrolopha (Pakistan)_

75 _Tragopan satyra (Nepal)_


**PASSERIFORMES**

**Alaudidae**
Larks


76 _Alauda arvensis (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

77 _Galerida cristata (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

78 _Lullula arborea (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

79 _Melanocorypha calandra (Population of Ukraine)_
(Ukraine)


**Cotingidae**
Cotingas


80 _Cephalopterus omatus (Colombia)_

81 _Cephalopterus penduliger (Colombia)_


**Emberizidae**
Cardinals, tanagers


82 _Emberiza citrinella (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

83 _Emberiza hortulana (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_


**Fringillidae**

Finches


84 _Carduelis cannabina (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

205


-----

85 _Carduelis carduelis (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

86 _Carduelis flammea (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

87 _Carduelis_ _homemanni (Population_ of Ukraine)


(Ukraine)


88 _Carduelis spinus (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

89 _Carpodacus_ _erythrinus (Population_ of Ukraine)


(Ukraine)


90 _Loxia curvirostra (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

91 _Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

92 _Serinus serinus (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_


**Muscicapidae**
Old-world flycatchers


93 _Acrocephalus rodericanus (Mauritius)_

94 _Erithacus rubecula (Population of Ukraine)(Ukraine)_

95 _Ficedula_ _parva (Population_ of Ukraine)(Ukraine)


(Ukraine)


96 _Hippolais icterina (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

97 _Luscinia luscinia (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

98 _Luscinia_ _megarhynchos (Population_ of Ukraine)


(Ukraine)


99 _Luscinia svecica (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

100 _Monticola saxatilis (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

101 _Sylvia atricapilla (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

102 _Sylvia borin (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

103 _Sylvia curruca (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

104 _Sylvia nisoria (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

105 _Terpsiphone bourbonnensis (Mauritius)_

106 _Tardus merula (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_

107 _Tardus philomelos (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_


**Oriolidae**
Orioles


108 _Oriolus oriolus (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_


**Paridae**
Tits


109 _Parus ater (Population of Ukraine) (Ukraine)_


**Troglodytidae**
Wrens


110 _Troglodytes_ _troglodytes (Population_ of Ukraine)


(Ukraine)


**PICIFORMES Capitonidae**
Barbets


111 _Semnomis ramphastinus (Colombia)_


**Ramphastidae**
Toucans


206


-----

112 _Baillonius bailloni (Argentina)_

113 _Pteroglossus castanotis (Argentina)_

114 _Ramphastosdicolorus (Argentina)_

115 _Selenidera rhaculirostris (Argentina)_


**SAURIA Agamidae**
Spiny-tailed lizards, agamas


116 _Calotes ceylonensis (Sri Lanka)_

117 _Calotes desilvai (Sri Lanka)_

118 _Calotes liocephalus (Sri Lanka)_

119 _Calotes liolepis (Sri Lanka)_

120 _Calotes manamendrai (Sri Lanka)_

121 _Calotes nigrilabris (Sri Lanka)_

122 _Calotes pethiyagodai (Sri Lanka)_


**Eublepharidae**
Eyelid geckos


123 _Goniurosaurus kuroiwae[#18] (Japan)_

124 _Goniurosaurus orientalis[#18] (Japan)_

125 _Goniurosaurus sengokui[#18] (Japan)_

126 _Goniurosaurus splendens[#18] (Japan)_

127 _Goniurosaurus toyamai[#18] (Japan)_

128 _Goniurosaurus yamashinae[#18] (Japan)_


**Gekkonidae**
Geckos


129 _Dactylocnemis spp. (New Zealand)_

130 _Hoplodactylus spp. (New Zealand)_

131 _Mokopirirakau spp. (New Zealand)_

132 _Sphaerodactylus armasi (Cuba)_

133 _Sphaerodactylus celicara (Cuba)_

134 _Sphaerodactylus dimorphicus (Cuba)_

135 _Sphaerodactylus intermedius (Cuba)_

136 _Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus alayoi (Cuba)_

137 _Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus granti (Cuba)_

138 _Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus lissodesmus (Cuba)_

139 _Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus ocujal (Cuba)_

140 _Sphaerodactylus nigropunctatus strategus (Cuba)_

141 _Sphaerodactylus notatus atactus (Cuba)_

142 _Sphaerodactylus oliveri (Cuba)_

143 _Sphaerodactylus pimienta (Cuba)_

144 _Sphaerodactylus ruibali (Cuba)_

145 _Sphaerodactylus siboney (Cuba)_

207


-----

146 _Sphaerodactylus torrei (Cuba)_

147 _Toropuku spp. (New Zealand)_

148 _Tukutuku ssp. (New Zealand)_

149 _Woodworthia spp. (New Zealand)_


**Polychrotidae**
Anoles


150 _Anolis agueroi (Cuba)_

151 _Anolis baracoae (Cuba)_

152 _Anolis barbatus (Cuba)_

153 _Anolis chamaeleonides (Cuba)_

154 _Anolis equestris (Cuba)_

155 _Anolis guamuhaya (Cuba)_

156 _Anolis luteogularis (Cuba)_

157 _Anolis pigmaequestris (Cuba)_

158 _Anolis porcus (Cuba)_


**SERPENTES Colubridae**
Typical snakes, water snakes, whipsnakes


159 _Atretium schistosum (India)_

160 _Cerberus rynchops (India)_

161 _Xenochrophis piscator (India)_

162 _Xenochrophis schnurrenbergeri (India)_

163 _Xenochrophis tytleri (India)_


**Elapidae**
Cobras, coral snakes


164 _Micrurus diastema (Honduras)_

165 _Micrurus nigrocinctus (Honduras)_

166 _Micrurus ruatanus (Honduras)_


**Viperidae**

Vipers


167 _Crotalus durissus (Honduras)_

168 _Daboia russelii (India)_


**TESTUDINES Chelydridae**
Snapping turtles


169 _Chelydra serpentina (United States of America)_

170 _Macrochelys temminckii (United States of America)_


**Emydidae**
Box turtles, freshwater turtles


171 _Emys orbicularis (Population of Ukraine)_

172 _Graptemys spp. (United States of America)_

208


-----

**Geoemydidae**
Box turtles, freshwater turtles


173 _Mauremys iversoni (China)_

174 _Mauremys megalocephala (China)_

175 _Mauremys pritchardi (China)_

176 _Mauremys reevesii (China)_

177 _Mauremys sinensis (China)_

178 _Ocadia glyphistoma (China)_

179 _Ocadia philippeni (China)_

180 _Sacalia pseudocellata (China)_


**Trionychidae**
Softshell turtles


181 _Apaloneferox (United States of America)_

182 _Apalone mutica (United States of America)_

183 _Apalone spinifera_
(Except the subspecies included in Appendix I) (United
States of
America)


**CLASS AMPHIBIA**

**ANURA**

**Calyptocephalellidae**
Chilean toads


184 _Calyptocephalella gayi (Chile)_


**CAUDATA**
**Cryptobranchidae**
Giant salamanders


185 _Cryptobranchus_ _alleganiensis (United_ States of

America)


**Hynobiidae**
Asiatic salamanders


186 _Hynobius amjiensis (China)_


**Salamandridae**
Newts and salamanders


187 _Echinotriton andersoni[#18] (Japan)_

188 _Salamandra algira (Algeria)_


**CLASS ELASMOBRANCHII**
**(SHARKS)**

**MYLIOBATIFORMES**

**Potamotrygonidae**
Freshwater stingrays


209


-----

189 _Paratrygon aiereba (Colombia)_

190 _Potamotrygon spp. (Population of Brazil) (Brazil)_

191 _Potamotrygon constellata (Colombia)_

192 _Potamotrygon magdalenae (Colombia)_

193 _Potamotrygon motoro (Colombia)_

194 _Potamotrygon orbignyi (Colombia)_

195 _Potamotrygon schroederi (Colombia)_

196 _Potamotrygon scobina (Colombia)_

197 _Potamotrygon yepezi (Colombia)_


**CLASS ACTINOPTERI (FISHES)**

**SILURIFORMES**

**Loricariidae**

Armoured catfishes


198 _Hypancistrus zebra (Brazil)_


**PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA**


**CLASS** **HOLOTHUROIDEA** **(SEA**


**CUCUMBERS)**

**ASPIDOCHIROTIDA**

**Stichopodidae**

Sea cucumbers


199 _Isostichopus fuscus (Ecuador)_

**PHYLUM** **ARTHROPODA** **CLASS**

**INSECTA (INSECTS) COLEOPTERA**

**Lucanidae**

Stag beetles


200 _Colophon spp. (South Africa)_


**LEPIDOPTERA Nymphalidae**

Brush-footed butterflies


201 _Agrias amydon boliviensis (Plurinational State of_


_Bolivia)_


202 _Morpho godartii lachaumei (Plurinational State of_


_Bolivia)_


210


-----

203 _Prepona praeneste buckleyana (Plurinational State of_


_Bolivia)_


**PHYLUM CNIDARIA**

**CLASS**

**ANTHOZOA (CORALS AND**

**SEA ANEMONES)**

**GORGONACEA**

**Coralliidae**

Red and pink corals


204 _Corallium elatius (China)_

205 _Corallium japonicwn (China)_

206 _Corallium konjoi (China)_

207 _Corallium secundum (China)_


**FLORA (PLANTS) FAGACEAE**

Beeches


208 _Quercus mongolica [#5] (Russian Federation)_


**GNETACEAE**

Gnetums


209 _Gnetum montanum[#1] (Nepal)_


**LEGUMINOSAE**


(Fabaceae) Afrormosia, Cristobal,


palisander, rosewood, sandalwood


210 _Dipteryx panamensis (Costa Rica, Nicaragua)_


**MAGNOLIACEAE**

Magnolias


211 _Magnolia liliifera var. obovata[#1] (Nepal)_


**OLEACEAE**

Ashes, etc.


212 _Fraxinus mandshurica [#5] (Russian Federation)_


**PALMAE**

(Arecaceae) Palms


211


-----

213 _Lodoicea maldivica[#13] (Seychelles)_


**PAPAVERACEAE**

Poppy


214 _Meconopsis regia[#1] (Nepal)_


**PINACEAE**

Firs and pines


215 _Pinus koraiensis [#5] (Russian Federation)_


**PODOCARPACEAE**


Podocarps


216 _Podocarpus neriifolius [#1] (Nepal)_


**TROCHODENDRACEAE**

(Tetracentraceae) Tetracentron


217 _Tetracentron sinense [#1] (Nepal)_

**Annotations : Footnotes**

1 For the exclusive purpose of allowing international trade in fibre from vicunas (Vicugna

_vicugna) and their derivative products, only if the fibre comes from the shearing of live vicunas._

Trade in products derived from the fibre may only take place in accordance with the following

provisions:

(a) Any person or entity processing vicuna fibre to manufacture cloth and garments must

request authorization from the relevant authorities of the country of origin (Countries of

origin : The countries where the species occurs, that is, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador

and Peru) to use the “vicuna country of origin” wording, mark or logo adopted by the

range States of the species that are signatories to the Convention for the Conservation and

Management of the Vicuna.

(b) Marketed cloth or garments must be marked or identified in accordance with the following

provisions:

i. For international trade in cloth made from live-sheared vicuna fibre, whether the cloth

was produced within or outside of the range States of the species, the wording, mark

or logo must be used so that the country of origin can be identified. The VICUNA

[COUNTRY OF ORIGFN] wording, mark or logo has the format as detailed below:

212

|1|For the exclusive purpose of allowing international trade in fibre from vicunas (Vicugna vicugna) and their derivative products, only if the fibre comes from the shearing of live vicunas. Trade in products derived from the fibre may only take place in accordance with the following provisions: (a) Any person or entity processing vicuna fibre to manufacture cloth and garments must request authorization from the relevant authorities of the country of origin (Countries of origin : The countries where the species occurs, that is, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru) to use the “vicuna country of origin” wording, mark or logo adopted by the range States of the species that are signatories to the Convention for the Conservation and Management of the Vicuna. (b) Marketed cloth or garments must be marked or identified in accordance with the following provisions: i. For international trade in cloth made from live-sheared vicuna fibre, whether the cloth was produced within or outside of the range States of the species, the wording, mark or logo must be used so that the country of origin can be identified. The VICUNA [COUNTRY OF ORIGFN] wording, mark or logo has the format as detailed below:|
|---|---|


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This wording, mark or logo must appear on the reverse side of the cloth. In addition, the

selvages of the cloth must bear the words VICUNA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN].

ii. For international trade in garments made from live-sheared vicuna fibre, whether the

garments were produced within or outside of the range States of the species, the

wording, mark or logo indicated in paragraph (b)(i) must be used. This wording, mark

or logo roust appear on a label on the garment itself. If the garments are produced

outside of the country of origin, the name of the country where the garment was

produced should also be indicated, in addition to the wording, mark or logo referred to

in paragraph (b)(i).

(c) For international trade in handicraft products made from live-sheared vicuna fibre

produced within the range States of the species, the VICUNA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN] 
ARTESANIA wording, mark or logo must be used as detailed below:

(d) If live-sheared vicuna fibre from various countries of origin is used for the production of

cloth and garments, the wording, mark or logo of each of the countries of origin of the

fibre must be indicated, as detailed in paragraphs b) i) and ii).

(e) All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species listed in Appendix I and

the trade in them shall be regulated accordingly

Populations of Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe (listed in Appendix II):

For the exclusive purpose of allowing:

(a) trade in hunting trophies for non-commercial purposes;

(b) trade in live animals to appropriate and acceptable destinations, as defined in Resolution

Conf. 11.20 (Rev. CoP18), for Botswana and Zimbabwe and for in situ conservation

programmes for Namibia and South Africa;

(c) trade in hides;

(d) trade in hair;

(e) trade in leather goods for commercial or non-commercial purposes for Botswana, Namibia

and South Africa and for non-commercial purposes for Zimbabwe;

213

|Col1|This wording, mark or logo must appear on the reverse side of the cloth. In addition, the selvages of the cloth must bear the words VICUNA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN]. ii. For international trade in garments made from live-sheared vicuna fibre, whether the garments were produced within or outside of the range States of the species, the wording, mark or logo indicated in paragraph (b)(i) must be used. This wording, mark or logo roust appear on a label on the garment itself. If the garments are produced outside of the country of origin, the name of the country where the garment was produced should also be indicated, in addition to the wording, mark or logo referred to in paragraph (b)(i). (c) For international trade in handicraft products made from live-sheared vicuna fibre produced within the range States of the species, the VICUNA [COUNTRY OF ORIGIN] - ARTESANIA wording, mark or logo must be used as detailed below: (d) If live-sheared vicuna fibre from various countries of origin is used for the production of cloth and garments, the wording, mark or logo of each of the countries of origin of the fibre must be indicated, as detailed in paragraphs b) i) and ii). (e) All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species listed in Appendix I and the trade in them shall be regulated accordingly|
|---|---|
|2|Populations of Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe (listed in Appendix II): For the exclusive purpose of allowing: (a) trade in hunting trophies for non-commercial purposes; (b) trade in live animals to appropriate and acceptable destinations, as defined in Resolution Conf. 11.20 (Rev. CoP18), for Botswana and Zimbabwe and for in situ conservation programmes for Namibia and South Africa; (c) trade in hides; (d) trade in hair; (e) trade in leather goods for commercial or non-commercial purposes for Botswana, Namibia and South Africa and for non-commercial purposes for Zimbabwe;|


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(f) trade in individually marked and certified ekipas incorporated in finished jewellery for

noncommercial purposes for Namibia and ivory carvings for non-commercial purposes for

Zimbabwe;

(g) trade in registered raw ivory (for Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe, whole

tusks and pieces) subject to the following:

i. only registered government-owned stocks, originating in the State (excluding seized

ivory and ivory of unknown origin);

ii. only to trading partners that have been verified by the Secretariat, in consultation with

the Standing Committee, to have sufficient national legislation and domestic trade

controls to ensure that the imported ivory will not be re-exported and will be managed

in accordance with all requirements of Resolution Conf. 10.10 (Rev. C0-P18)

concerning domestic manufacturing and trade;

iii. not before the Secretariat has verified the prospective importing countries and the

registered government-owned stocks;

iv. raw ivory pursuant to the conditional sale of registered government-owned ivory stocks

agreed at CoP12, which are 20,000 kg (Botswana), 10,000 kg (Namibia) and 30,000

kg (South Africa);

v. in addition to the quantities agreed at CoP12, government-owned ivory from Botswana,

Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe registered by 31 January 2007 and verified by

the Secretariat may be traded and despatched, with the ivory in paragraph g) iv)

above, in a single sale per destination under strict supervision of the Secretariat;

vi. the proceeds of the trade are used exclusively for elephant conservation and

community conservation and development programmes within or adjacent to the

elephant range; and vii. the additional quantities specified in paragraph g) v) above

shall be traded only after the Standing Committee has agreed that the above conditions

have been met; and viii. no further proposals to allow trade in elephant ivory from

populations already in Appendix II shall be submitted to the Conference of the Parties

for the period from CoP 14 and ending nine years from the date of the single sale of

ivory that is to take place in accordance with provisions in paragraphs g) i), g) ii), g)

iii), g) vi) and g) vii). In addition such further proposals shall be dealt with in

accordance with Decisions 16.55 and 14.78 (Rev. C0-PI6).

On a proposal from the Secretariat, the Standing Committee can decide to cause this trade to

cease partially or completely in the event of non-compliance by exporting or importing countries,

or in the case of proven detrimental impacts of the trade on other elephant populations.

All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Appendix I and

214

|Col1|(f) trade in individually marked and certified ekipas incorporated in finished jewellery for noncommercial purposes for Namibia and ivory carvings for non-commercial purposes for Zimbabwe; (g) trade in registered raw ivory (for Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe, whole tusks and pieces) subject to the following: i. only registered government-owned stocks, originating in the State (excluding seized ivory and ivory of unknown origin); ii. only to trading partners that have been verified by the Secretariat, in consultation with the Standing Committee, to have sufficient national legislation and domestic trade controls to ensure that the imported ivory will not be re-exported and will be managed in accordance with all requirements of Resolution Conf. 10.10 (Rev. C0-P18) concerning domestic manufacturing and trade; iii. not before the Secretariat has verified the prospective importing countries and the registered government-owned stocks; iv. raw ivory pursuant to the conditional sale of registered government-owned ivory stocks agreed at CoP12, which are 20,000 kg (Botswana), 10,000 kg (Namibia) and 30,000 kg (South Africa); v. in addition to the quantities agreed at CoP12, government-owned ivory from Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe registered by 31 January 2007 and verified by the Secretariat may be traded and despatched, with the ivory in paragraph g) iv) above, in a single sale per destination under strict supervision of the Secretariat; vi. the proceeds of the trade are used exclusively for elephant conservation and community conservation and development programmes within or adjacent to the elephant range; and vii. the additional quantities specified in paragraph g) v) above shall be traded only after the Standing Committee has agreed that the above conditions have been met; and viii. no further proposals to allow trade in elephant ivory from populations already in Appendix II shall be submitted to the Conference of the Parties for the period from CoP 14 and ending nine years from the date of the single sale of ivory that is to take place in accordance with provisions in paragraphs g) i), g) ii), g) iii), g) vi) and g) vii). In addition such further proposals shall be dealt with in accordance with Decisions 16.55 and 14.78 (Rev. C0-PI6). On a proposal from the Secretariat, the Standing Committee can decide to cause this trade to cease partially or completely in the event of non-compliance by exporting or importing countries, or in the case of proven detrimental impacts of the trade on other elephant populations. All other specimens shall be deemed to be specimens of species included in Appendix I and|
|---|---|


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9 Artificially propagated specimens of the following hybrids and/or cultivars are not subject to the

provisions of the Convention:

— Hatiora × graeseri

— Schlumbergera × buckleyi

— Schlumbergera russelliana × Schlumbergera truncata

— Schlumbergera orssichiana × Schlumbergera truncata

— Schlumbergera opuntioides × Schlumbergera truncata

— Schlumbergera truncata (cultivars)

— Cactaceae spp. colour mutants grafted on the following grafting stocks : Harrisia

‘Jusbertii’, Hylocereus trigonus or Hylocereus undatus

— Opuntia microdasys (cultivars).

10 Artificially propagated hybrids of the following genera are not subject to the provisions of the

Convention, if conditions, as indicated under a) and b), are met : Cymbidium, Dendrobium,

_Phalaenopsis and Vanda:_

(a) Specimens are readily recognizable as artificially propagated and do not show any signs of

having been collected in the wild such as mechanical damage or strong dehydration

resulting from collection, irregular growth and heterogeneous size and shape within a

taxon and shipment, algae or other epiphyllous organisms adhering to leaves, or damage

by insects or other pests; and

(b)i) when shipped in non-flowering state, the specimens must be traded in shipments

consisting of individual containers (such as cartons, boxes, crates or individual shelves of

CC-containers) each containing 20 or more plants of the same hybrid; the plants within

each container must exhibit a high degree of uniformity and healthiness; and the shipment

must be accompanied by documentation, such as an invoice, which clearly states the

number of plants of each hybrid; or

(c) when shipped in flowering state, with at least one fully open flower per specimen, no

minimum number of specimens per shipment is required but specimens must be

professionally processed for commercial retail sale, e.g. labelled with printed labels or

packaged with printed packages indicating the name of the hybrid and the country of final

processing. This should be clearly visible and allow easy verification.

Plants not clearly qualifying for the exemption must be accompanied by appropriate CITES

215

|Col1|the trade in them shall be regulated accordingly.|
|---|---|
|9|Artificially propagated specimens of the following hybrids and/or cultivars are not subject to the provisions of the Convention: — Hatiora × graeseri — Schlumbergera × buckleyi — Schlumbergera russelliana × Schlumbergera truncata — Schlumbergera orssichiana × Schlumbergera truncata — Schlumbergera opuntioides × Schlumbergera truncata — Schlumbergera truncata (cultivars) — Cactaceae spp. colour mutants grafted on the following grafting stocks : Harrisia ‘Jusbertii’, Hylocereus trigonus or Hylocereus undatus — Opuntia microdasys (cultivars).|
|10|Artificially propagated hybrids of the following genera are not subject to the provisions of the Convention, if conditions, as indicated under a) and b), are met : Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Phalaenopsis and Vanda: (a) Specimens are readily recognizable as artificially propagated and do not show any signs of having been collected in the wild such as mechanical damage or strong dehydration resulting from collection, irregular growth and heterogeneous size and shape within a taxon and shipment, algae or other epiphyllous organisms adhering to leaves, or damage by insects or other pests; and (b)i) when shipped in non-flowering state, the specimens must be traded in shipments consisting of individual containers (such as cartons, boxes, crates or individual shelves of CC-containers) each containing 20 or more plants of the same hybrid; the plants within each container must exhibit a high degree of uniformity and healthiness; and the shipment must be accompanied by documentation, such as an invoice, which clearly states the number of plants of each hybrid; or (c) when shipped in flowering state, with at least one fully open flower per specimen, no minimum number of specimens per shipment is required but specimens must be professionally processed for commercial retail sale, e.g. labelled with printed labels or packaged with printed packages indicating the name of the hybrid and the country of final processing. This should be clearly visible and allow easy verification. Plants not clearly qualifying for the exemption must be accompanied by appropriate CITES|


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11 Artificially propagated specimens of cultivars of Cyclamen persicum are not subject to the

provisions of the Convention. However, the exemption does not apply to such specimens traded as

dormant tubers.

12 Artificially propagated hybrids and cultivars of Taxus cuspidata, live, in pots or other small

containers, each consignment being accompanied by a label or document stating the name of the

taxon or taxa and the text ‘artificially propagated’, are not subject to the provisions of the

Convention.

**Hash footnotes**

**#1 All parts and derivatives, except:**

(a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia);

(b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile

containers;

(c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and

(d) fruits, and parts and derivatives thereof, of artificially propagated plants of the genus

Vanilla.

#2 All parts and derivatives except:

(a) seeds and pollen; and

(b) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade.

#3 Whole and sliced roots and parts of roots, excluding manufactured parts or derivatives, such as

powders, pills, extracts, tonics, teas and confectionery.

#4 All parts and derivatives, except:

(a) seeds (including seedpods of Orchidaceae), spores and pollen (including pollinia). The

exemption does not apply to seeds from Cactaceae spp. exported from Mexico, and to

seeds from Beccariophoenix _madagasceriensis and Dypsis_ _decaryi exported_ from

Madagascar;

(b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile

containers;

(c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants;

(d) fruits, and parts and derivatives thereof, of naturalized or artificially propagated plants of

216

|Col1|documents.|
|---|---|
|11|Artificially propagated specimens of cultivars of Cyclamen persicum are not subject to the provisions of the Convention. However, the exemption does not apply to such specimens traded as dormant tubers.|
|12|Artificially propagated hybrids and cultivars of Taxus cuspidata, live, in pots or other small containers, each consignment being accompanied by a label or document stating the name of the taxon or taxa and the text ‘artificially propagated’, are not subject to the provisions of the Convention.|

|Col1|Hash footnotes|
|---|---|
|#1|All parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds, spores and pollen (including pollinia); (b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; (c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; and (d) fruits, and parts and derivatives thereof, of artificially propagated plants of the genus Vanilla.|
|#2|All parts and derivatives except: (a) seeds and pollen; and (b) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade.|
|#3|Whole and sliced roots and parts of roots, excluding manufactured parts or derivatives, such as powders, pills, extracts, tonics, teas and confectionery.|
|#4|All parts and derivatives, except: (a) seeds (including seedpods of Orchidaceae), spores and pollen (including pollinia). The exemption does not apply to seeds from Cactaceae spp. exported from Mexico, and to seeds from Beccariophoenix madagasceriensis and Dypsis decaryi exported from Madagascar; (b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; (c) cut flowers of artificially propagated plants; (d) fruits, and parts and derivatives thereof, of naturalized or artificially propagated plants of|


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(e) stems, flowers, and parts and derivatives thereof, of naturalized or artificially propagated

plants of the genera Opuntia subgenus Opuntia and Selenicereus (Cactaceae); and

(f) finished products of Aloe ferox and Euphorbia antisyphilitica packaged and ready for retail

trade.

#5 Logs, sawn wood and veneer sheets.

#6 Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets and plywood.

#7 Logs, woodchips, powder and extracts.

#8 Underground parts (i.e. roots, rhizomes) : whole, parts and powdered.

#9 All parts and derivatives except those bearing a label:

“Produced from Hoodia spp. material obtained through controlled harvesting and production

under the terms of an agreement with the relevant CITES Management Authority of [Botswana

under agreement No. BW/xxxxxx] [Namibia under agreement No. NA/xxxxxx] [South Africa

under agreement No. ZA/xxxxxx]”.

#10 Designates logs, sawn wood and veneer sheets, including unfinished wood articles used for the

fabrication of bows for stringed musical instruments.

#11 Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, plywood, powder and extracts. Finished products containing

such extracts as ingredients, including fragrances, are not considered to be covered by this

annotation.

#12 Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets) plywood and extracts. Finished products containing such extracts

as ingredients, including fragrances, are not considered to be covered by this annotation.

#13 The kernel (also known as ‘endosperm’, ‘pulp’ or ‘copra’) and any derivative thereof, except

finished products packaged and ready for retail trade.

#14 All parts and derivatives except:

(a) seeds and pollen;

(b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile

containers;

(c) fruits;

217

|Col1|the genus Vanilla (Orchidaceae) and of the family Cactaceae; (e) stems, flowers, and parts and derivatives thereof, of naturalized or artificially propagated plants of the genera Opuntia subgenus Opuntia and Selenicereus (Cactaceae); and (f) finished products of Aloe ferox and Euphorbia antisyphilitica packaged and ready for retail trade.|
|---|---|
|#5|Logs, sawn wood and veneer sheets.|
|#6|Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets and plywood.|
|#7|Logs, woodchips, powder and extracts.|
|#8|Underground parts (i.e. roots, rhizomes) : whole, parts and powdered.|
|#9|All parts and derivatives except those bearing a label: “Produced from Hoodia spp. material obtained through controlled harvesting and production under the terms of an agreement with the relevant CITES Management Authority of [Botswana under agreement No. BW/xxxxxx] [Namibia under agreement No. NA/xxxxxx] [South Africa under agreement No. ZA/xxxxxx]”.|
|#10|Designates logs, sawn wood and veneer sheets, including unfinished wood articles used for the fabrication of bows for stringed musical instruments.|
|#11|Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, plywood, powder and extracts. Finished products containing such extracts as ingredients, including fragrances, are not considered to be covered by this annotation.|
|#12|Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets) plywood and extracts. Finished products containing such extracts as ingredients, including fragrances, are not considered to be covered by this annotation.|
|#13|The kernel (also known as ‘endosperm’, ‘pulp’ or ‘copra’) and any derivative thereof, except finished products packaged and ready for retail trade.|
|#14|All parts and derivatives except: (a) seeds and pollen; (b) seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers; (c) fruits;|


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(f) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade, this exemption does not apply to

wood chips, beads, prayer beads and carvings.

#15 All parts and derivatives, except:

(a) Leaves, flowers, pollen, fruits, and seeds;

(b) Finished products to a maximum weight of wood of the listed species of up to 10 kg per

shipment;

(c) Finished musical instruments, finished musical instrument parts and finished musical

instrument accessories;

(d) Parts and derivatives of Dalbergia cochinchinensis, which are covered by Annotation [#4];

(e) Parts and derivatives of Dalbergia spp originating and exported from Mexico, which are

covered by Annotation [#6].

#16 Seeds, fruits and oils.

#17 Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, plywood and transformed wood.

#18 Excluding parts and derivatives, other than eggs.]

218

|Col1|(d) leaves; (e) exhausted agarwood powder, including compressed powder in all shapes; and (f) finished products packaged and ready for retail trade, this exemption does not apply to wood chips, beads, prayer beads and carvings.|
|---|---|
|#15|All parts and derivatives, except: (a) Leaves, flowers, pollen, fruits, and seeds; (b) Finished products to a maximum weight of wood of the listed species of up to 10 kg per shipment; (c) Finished musical instruments, finished musical instrument parts and finished musical instrument accessories; (d) Parts and derivatives of Dalbergia cochinchinensis, which are covered by Annotation #4; (e) Parts and derivatives of Dalbergia spp originating and exported from Mexico, which are covered by Annotation #6.|
|#16|Seeds, fruits and oils.|
|#17|Logs, sawn wood, veneer sheets, plywood and transformed wood.|
|#18|Excluding parts and derivatives, other than eggs.]|


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