tissue- and cell type-specific antigens are located in the coat, including
the major histocompatibility complex of the immune system and, in
the case of erythrocytes, blood group antigens. Therefore, the glycocalyx
plays a significant role in organ transplant compatibility. The glycocalyx
found on apical microvilli of enterocytes, the cells forming the lining
epithelium of the intestine, consists of enzymes involved in the digestive process. Intestinal microvilli are cylindrical projections (1–2 µm
long and about 0.1 µm in diameter) forming a closely packed layer
called the brush border that increases the absorptive function of
enterocytes.

###### Cytoplasm