Alternative measure for market capitalization, company "value" I wonder what the term "value" of a company, currency, etc could mean. The most obvious, to me, is market capitalization (related: Clarifying the meaning of market capitalization)

Is there also something like measuring how much money has been spent for the shares that are currently circulating.

E.g. there is an IPO for 1000 shares each at 1\$, all of them are sold. Then the price rises to 2\$ and 500 of the shares get traded for this value. Then the classical market cap would be 2000\$, and the measure I wonder about would be 1500\$.

Does this have a name?
This is the reverse of the accounting procedure discussed in my answer to this question: link to question

What you want is the average cost basis for all holders of company.

There is no practical way that this could be calculated for a public firm. Nobody is required to report that information, and not everyone uses that accounting method for equities for taxes. 

It would also be highly biased against firms where the founders hold a significant portion of shares. In an IPO, only a portion of the total number of shares are sold, sometimes only 10% of the firm. (Your example implies that 100% of the shares are sold in the IPO, which is misleading.) it is entirely possible for a founder of a company to retain control of a large percentage of the shares for decades. This method would assign almost no value to that portion of the company, which makes the valuation given meaningless for analysis.