What are the effects of the increase/decrease in stock options after an IPO? Research : 

As far as I can understand :


Stock options are used to increase the capital of companies to realize some projects
Shares are divided into two categories : 

o    Free float (which is the part of shares important for my next question)
o    Locked-in stock   


For the free float, it’s easy to understand. Public investors can earn money by playing with stock prices.
For the company it’s harder for me to understand.
    When a company wants capital to run projects, she can do an IPO. The initial price depending on the financial situation.

Question :  What are the effects of the increase/decrease of stock prices after that IPO ? 

For exemple : Initial stock price was 20 dollars and public investors paid 20 dollars which got into the capital of the companies. If stock price is now 25dollars, company won’t earn 5dollars more. So what’s the point for the company to be devalued after an IPO if she got the amount of capital she wanted ?

Attempt : 

I saw only 2 easy solutions :
-   If company wants to increase capital a second time, she needs to have a big value on the market to reduce the dilution of control.
-   If company is too much devalued, she can be acquired by concurrents.
If company doesnt decrease too much and doesnt want to increase capital again, she has no point regarding the increase/decrease of her stock prices, right ?
Exactly.  The main issue is if they want to raise capital a second time. The secondary market does not affect the company itself, but it affects its investors. And as investors are important, they need to be treated well.  Another problem related to this is that several employees in the company have stock options, so it really affects them.

What companies can do also is buy their own stocks if the price dropped considerably. This is not something that happens right after the IPO because it would make no sense to return the money to the markets right after you received it.

So, to sum up, the direct effects for the company are on the primary market (when the company makes the IPO), the secondary market is between public investors that have little to do with the company.