What is the easiest way to make coffee from beans at home without a device/machine? What would be the easiest way to make coffee at home (from coffee beans, no powders or ready-made products from the shop), without having to buy an espresso machine.
I do not know all the methods, but maybe these are options:


Moka Coffeemake (non-electrical) 
French press
Cezve (turkish coffee)
Aeropress


When speaking about easiest, it means there shouldn't be much effort in the process of making the coffee (and probably cleaning afterwards).
For a single cup of coffee, an Aeropress is hands-down the easiest manual coffee brewer around, including cleanup afterwards. I use mine every day.

If you're wanting to make more than one cup at a time, an appropriate sized moka stove-top would be the way to go.