Do bakeries generally knead dough for bread by hand or use a machine? Question is in the title - if anyone has experience working in a bakery that would be great. Thanks!
Most small bakeries use small rotary mixers (like a Kenwood that stands as high as a man) that handle batches up to about 100lb - using a dough hook for bread.

The really big bakeries use trough mixers with blades that turn along the length of the trough. A typical batch is around 600lb.