Troubleshooting: Kitchen Sink Vegetable Soup One of my newbie goals is to be able to make a kitchen sink vegetable soup that doesn't default to tomatoes and packs a punch in flavor. (Cleaning out the fridge and being healthy are nice goals too).  

Assumptions &amp; Procedure


Almost all the recipes I researched online called for getting translucent onions first, which I did
Added potatoes to this mix and tried to brown the potatoes for texture
Green beans and matchstick carrots went in
When potatoes seemed to turn a different color, I started becoming uneasy because the onions were getting very, very brown but the potatoes weren't.  I panicked at this point and added water and herbs - bullion, marjoram, basil, bay leaf, 5 peppercorns and a tiny amount of rosemary as per this
Brought to a boil, then simmered for 5 mins
Added sprouts and bok choy as they are faster cooking
Simmered for 5 mins
Panicked that maybe the bok choy was not cooking, so brought to a boil then down again to a simmer
Ate


Outcomes &amp; Questions


Herbs did not "meld" with the soup and wound up sticking to the bottom despite stirring, so I got a mouthful of marjoram at the bottom of my bowl.  Why did they sink to the bottom? Should I add larger amounts of the spices for more "meld power?"  
I never did get the texture I wanted from the potatoes.  Is getting a crispy potato texture not really possible in a veg soup?
Green beans got very army green toward the end.  Should I have just added them in with the water and spices?
Lastly, it had a diet-ey, cabbage-ey flavor/smell about it, which transported me to Weight Watchers meetings in the 70s/80s.  How do I prevent this? I'd like a vibrant, fresh soup, not one reminiscent of a moldy, old school cafeteria.


Please let me know if there are too many questions in this post.  I don't mind splitting them up but I thought it would be more for convenient for fellow newbies to find veg soup answers in one go.
To address your points in order:


If you only cooked your soup for ten minutes, you didn't give it enough time for the flavours to 'marry'. A gentle simmer for half an hour would give you better results. A night in the fridge to really let everything blend would be even better.
You will not get crispy potatoes in a soup - the liquid will see to that. The only way you will achieve a crispy potato is by cooking and sauteeing them entirely separately and adding them at the end as a kind of crouton
Green beans don't need much cooking at all - they should still have some bite. If you really want to keep the colour specifically, blanch them separately, plunge them into ice water, then drain and add to the soup for the final 5 minutes of cooking or heating.
Tomatoes help counteract this by lending some acidity and fruitiness. If you don't want to use tomatoes, try a little white wine or cider vinegar to give a bit of zing.