A 40-year-old male recently treated for a bacterial infection presents with fatigue, weakness, and jaundice. Lab tests show a low red blood cell count, and a peripheral smear shows bite cells and Heinz bodies. What is the likely cause, and what are the next steps?
This patient's symptoms and laboratory findings suggest glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. This condition, which can lead to hemolytic anemia, often becomes symptomatic after triggers such as illness or exposure to certain medications. The diagnosis can be confirmed with a G6PD enzyme activity assay. Management typically involves avoiding known triggers.