A 45-year-old male patient presents with swollen, tender gums that have receded, and his teeth appear longer. He also complains of sensitivity to hot and cold. What are the potential causes and the next steps?
This patient is presenting signs of periodontitis, characterized by gum recession and sensitivity due to the exposure of the root surfaces of the teeth. This can occur as a result of poor oral hygiene leading to inflammation and subsequent loss of the supporting structures of the teeth. The next steps would be to have a dental professional perform a thorough cleaning that includes scaling and root planing. Regular follow-up visits should be scheduled to monitor the patient's condition and ensure proper oral hygiene practices.