A 45-year-old man with HIV presents with difficulty swallowing and retrosternal chest pain. An endoscopy shows white plaques on his esophageal mucosa. What is the probable diagnosis and treatment plan?
The patient's symptoms along with the endoscopic findings are indicative of esophageal candidiasis, an opportunistic infection that can occur in immunocompromised individuals like those with HIV. The standard treatment is systemic antifungal therapy with fluconazole. The patient's HIV status should also be optimally managed to improve his immune function.