A 35-year-old female with HIV presents with painful swallowing and retrosternal chest pain. Endoscopy reveals multiple small white patches on the esophagus. What is the likely diagnosis and treatment?
The patient's symptoms and endoscopic findings are suggestive of esophageal candidiasis, a common opportunistic infection in individuals with HIV, especially when the CD4 count is below 200 cells/mm^3. The standard treatment is fluconazole, an antifungal medication.