A 7-year-old boy presents with a sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and a high fever. On examination, his tonsils are markedly swollen and covered in a grayish-white coating. He also has a "strawberry tongue" and a rash on his chest. What is the most likely diagnosis and treatment plan?
The symptoms and findings suggest Scarlet Fever, which is a condition caused by toxin-producing strains of the bacteria that cause strep throat (Group A Streptococcus). Scarlet fever presents with a red, sandpaper-like rash, strawberry tongue, and often, tonsillitis. The treatment would involve a course of antibiotics, such as penicillin or amoxicillin, to eliminate the bacteria.