an explanation of the present invention is offered with the references made to the attached drawings . the safety catheter device shown in fig1 to 9 is comprised of : catheter unit 101 including tubular catheter 102 and catheter hub 103 ; penetrating means 104 designed for the introduction of the tubular catheter into the patient &# 39 ; s vein and including needle 105 with distal sharp end 106 and needle hub 107 ; the indication means 108 designed for the indication of getting needle distal sharp end 106 into the patient &# 39 ; s vein and having an indication cavity in the form of flash chamber 109 attached to needle hub 107 , and an indication channel 110 made as an internal channel of needle 105 for blood supply into flash chamber 109 ; a port unit 111 rotatably connected with catheter unit 101 and having blood stream port 112 for the communication of tubular catheter 102 with the external device ( not shown ) via tube 113 , and needle - port 114 serving as a passageway for introducing needle 105 into tubular catheter 102 . internal channel 115 of tubular catheter 102 and blood stream port 112 are designed to form the blood stream channel for blood flow during hemodialysis or blood collection . in the penetration position shown in fig1 to 7 , needle 105 is passing through needle port 114 and internal channel 115 of tubular catheter 102 so that needle distal sharp end 106 is extended distally of distal end 116 of tubular catheter 102 , and needle internal channel 110 is open for blood supply into flash chamber 109 . this position allows inserting needle distal sharp end 106 and tubular catheter 102 into the patient &# 39 ; s vein . after the appearance of blood in flash chamber 109 , the user manually retracts needle 105 into the needle retraction position shown in fig8 . in doing so , he uses the pulling means in the form of external members 117 , 118 connected with needle hub 107 , accessible and adapted to the operation contact with user &# 39 ; s fingers . lateral , elongated slots 119 , 120 serve for the guidance and support of needle hub 107 during the needle retraction . in the needle retraction position , needle 105 is removed from catheter tube 102 , needle distal sharp end 106 is located inside needle port 114 , which also serves as a needle guard , and member 121 operates as a stopping means preventing needle distal sharp end 106 from the displacement proximally out of guard 114 . the device is provided with the needle port sealing means in the form of sealing member 122 preventing the blood leakage through needle port 114 outside of its limits . the needle retraction creates the possibility for complete opening of the blood stream channel by the communication of tubular catheter 102 and blood stream port 112 . for this purpose , the user changes over the device into the blood stream position by the rotation of port unit 111 through 180 ° relative to catheter unit 101 around the axis , which is parallel to the axis of tubular catheter 102 , thereby coaxially communicating internal channel 115 of tubular catheter 102 and blood stream port 112 and forming the blood stream channel ( see fig9 ). in doing so , the user immovably holds catheter unit 101 at its finned surface 123 and rotates port unit 111 holding it at its finned surface 124 . during this rotation , the mounting means in the form of circular projection 125 on catheter unit 101 is movably housed in circular recess 126 on port unit 111 preventing these units from disconnection and serving as a guide for the rotation of port unit 111 . in obtained blood stream channel including passageways 115 , 112 , 113 , the minimal area of passage is substantially more than one of the indication channel , which is internal channel 110 of needle 105 . this allows substantial increasing in the blood rate and reducing in the duration of hemodialysis or blood collection procedure . this blood stream channel does not have abrupt changes of diameter and outstanding sharp elements , providing laminar blood flow without blood cell damages and blood clot formations . in the blood stream position , catheter unit 101 occludes the distal outlet of needle guard - needle port 114 preventing needle distal sharp end 106 from going out of the needle guard in a distal direction and fulfilling the role of the locking means . after the accomplishment of hemodialysis or blood collection procedure , the user rotates port unit 111 through 900 relative to catheter unit 101 changing over the device into the finish position ( not shown ), wherein blood stream port 112 is disconnected from tubular catheter 102 and both ports 112 and 114 are occluded from the distal side by catheter unit 101 . this position prevents a blood leakage from blood stream port 112 after the withdrawal of tubular catheter 102 from the patient &# 39 ; s vein and provides entire protection of needle distal sharp end 106 from any contact with personnel . the device has the fixing means in the form of elastic latch 127 located on catheter unit 101 and interacting with notches 128 , 129 , 130 , located on rotatable port unit 111 for preventing spontaneous disturbance of the device positions . in the penetration and needle retraction positions , latch 127 engages notch 129 , in the blood stream position , it engages notch 128 , and in the finish position , it engages notch 130 . latch 127 , notches 128 - 130 , and finned surfaces 123 , 124 are the controlling means for the change over of the device positions . the device is provided with the unit &# 39 ; s sealing means in the form of elastic members 132 located between catheter unit 101 and port unit 111 and preventing the blood leakage from the zone of movable connection of these units . sealing members 122 , 132 , as well as the above mentioned occlusion of blood stream port 112 and needle port 114 in the finish position reliably prevent the device from blood leakages throughout all stages of device operation . in version embodiment ( not shown ), the device change over into the blood stream position is implemented by the rotation of the port unit relative to the catheter unit around the axis , which is perpendicular to the axis of the tubular catheter , thereby communicating the internal channel of the tubular catheter and the blood stream port and forming the blood stream channel . in version embodiment ( not shown ), the needle retraction means is automatically operating and includes a compression spring mounted between the distal end of needle hub 107 and the proximal end of needle port 114 , as well as a trigger member holding said spring in the stressed state in the penetration position and releasing the spring under user &# 39 ; s action to retract the needle by this spring to the needle retraction position . in version embodiment ( not shown ), the needle unit has detachable connection with the port unit and is removed from the device after the insertion of said tubular catheter into patient &# 39 ; s vein . moreover , the needle port sealing means includes an occluding sealing means preventing the device from the blood leakage after the needle removal from the device . in version embodiments ( not shown ), the indication channel is formed with the needle internal channel connecting with the blood stream port via a needle lateral opening and an additional channel , and the blood stream port or the tube connecting the blood stream port with the external device serves as the indication cavity . these not shown version embodiments correspond to the scope and spirit of the invention and its claims and differ from shown versions only by their embodiments accessible for usual engineers skilled in the art . the device version , shown in fig1 to 14 , has many elements identical to those of the previous version and having the same last two designation numerals . the description of these elements in the previous version mainly relates also to the present version . at the same time , the present version has certain distinctions , which are considered in the following . in the device , shown in fig1 to 14 , catheter hub 203 , blood stream port 212 , and needle port 214 are incorporated in an integral unit . the change over of this device from the insertion position ( fig1 ) into the needle retraction position is simultaneously the change over into the blood stream position ( fig1 ), as these two last positions are coincident . the user retracts needle 205 manually by means of pulling members 217 , 218 , which are retraction and controlling means . guides 219 , 220 serve for the guidance and support of needle hub 207 during the retraction . in the needle retraction — blood stream position , needle 205 is removed from tubular catheter 202 , distal sharp end 206 is located inside needle port — needle guard 214 and locked in this position with stopping member 221 and the locking means including latch member 233 elastically connected with guides 219 , 220 and notch 234 on needle unit 204 . in the blood stream position , the blood stream channel , including passageways 215 , 212 , 213 , has the minimal area of passage substantially more than one of the indication channel ( needle internal channel ). this allows increasing in blood rate and decreasing in medical procedure duration . the blood stream channel is located aside needle 205 and has relatively smooth transition zones between the passageways , thereby preventing the blood impairment .
a safety catheter device for hemodialysis and donor collection comprises a catheter unit , a needle guided by a needle port into the catheter unit to introduce it into patient &# 39 ; s vein , an indication channel for blood supply into an indication cavity during catheter emplacement , a blood stream channel for blood supply to hemodialysis or collection set through a blood stream port . the minimal cross - sectional area of the blood stream channel is substantially more than one of the indication channel . forming the blood stream channel is accomplished by retracting the needle and , in version embodiment , by rotating a port unit including the needle and blood stream ports relative to the catheter unit . there are means preventing blood leakage and personnel infecting .