with reference to fig1 - 6 , there is illustrated a fluid treatment system 100 . for clarity , the walls of the fluid treatment system zone and other components of the fluid treatment are not shown . fluid treatment system 100 comprises a first flanged cover element 105 opposed with respect to a second flanged cover element 110 . mounted between first flanged cover element 105 and second flanged cover element 110 is an excimer radiation lamp 115 . further , a pair of ground rods 120 serve to interconnect flanged cover element 105 and flanged cover element 110 . a pair of o - rings ( not shown ) or other seal members are disposed between the opposed ends of excimer radiation lamp 115 and first flanged cover element 105 and second flanged cover element 110 . the end of excimer radiation lamp 115 disposed in first flanged cover element 105 is configured to be reversibly engaged with a lamp extraction member 125 . the precise nature of this reversible engagement is not particularly restricted and is within the purview of a person skilled in the art . for example , it is possible to configure the end of excimer lamp 115 to receive lamp extraction member 125 in a so - called “ twist and lock ” mechanism . when it is desired to remove excimer radiation lamp 115 from fluid treatment system 100 , lamp extraction member 125 is engaged to the end of excimer radiation lamp 115 disposed in flanged cover element 105 . next , lamp extraction member 125 is pushed in the direction of arrow a — see fig2 and 5 . lamp extraction member 125 is pushed until excimer radiation lamp 115 is fully extended from flanged cover element 110 — see fig3 and 6 . at this point , excimer radiation lamp 115 may be disengaged from lamp extraction member 125 and the foregoing steps can be reversed to install a new excimer radiation lamp in fluid treatment system 100 . in an alternate approach , the new excimer radiation lamp can itself function as the extraction member . as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art , removal of excimer radiation lamp 115 from fluid treatment system 100 can be done without shutting down the fluid treatment system . when excimer radiation lamp 115 is fully extended with respect to flanged plate 110 , lamp extraction member 125 simply functions as a “ blank ” until a new lamp installed in the fluid treatment system 100 . with reference to fig7 - 10 , there is illustrated a fluid treatment system 200 . as set out above with reference to fluid treatment system 100 , the fluid treatment zone in fluid treatment system 200 has not been included in fig7 - 10 to facilitate ease of description . thus , fluid treatment system 200 comprises a first flanged cover element 205 and second flanged cover element 210 . disposed between and supported by flanged cover element 205 and flanged cover element 210 is an excimer radiation lamp 215 . also disposed between an interconnecting flanged cover element 205 and flanged cover element 210 are four ground rods 220 . first cover element 205 is configured to reversibly engage the end of excimer radiation lamp 215 . the precise design of the reversible engagement is not particularly restricted and , as discussed above , it is within the purview of a person skilled in the art . a preferred such mechanism is a so - called “ twist and lock ” mechanism as discussed above . when it is desired to service and / or replace excimer radiation lamp 215 , the end of excimer radiation lamp 215 is disengaged from flanged cover element 205 . next , excimer radiation lamp 215 is withdrawn away from flanged cover element 205 in the direction of arrow b — see fig8 . as shown in fig8 , excimer radiation lamp 215 comprises a cap element 217 . the portion of cap element 217 facing flanged cover element 205 may include the appropriate reversible engaging elements referred to above . those of skill in the art will appreciate that excimer radiation lamp 215 may be cantilevered ( or generally unsupported ) with respect to its distal end portion — i . e ., the distal end portion of the lamp need not necessarily be supported by the wall of the fluid treatment system . further , the portion of cap element 217 facing flanged cover element 210 also includes a reversible engagement element so that when excimer radiation lamp 215 is fully extended from flanged cover element 210 , it is possible to engage cap element 217 with respect to flanged cover element 210 . this permits disengagement of excimer radiation lamp 215 from cap element 217 in a manner whereby cap element 217 serves to seal the opening in flanged cover element 210 until excimer radiation lamp 215 is serviced and / or replaced . reinsertion of excimer radiation lamp 215 can be accomplished by reversing the above steps . with reference to fig1 , there is shown a cleaning system 219 which is configured to remove fouling materials from the exterior of excimer radiation lamp 215 . cleaning system 219 is connected to drive element 219 a . drive element 219 a is configured to glide on one of ground rods 220 . drive element 219 a may be of the type described in u . s . pat . no . 6 , 342 , 188 [ pearcey et al .]. with reference to fig1 - 28 , there is illustrated a fluid treatment system 300 . fluid treatment system 300 comprises a closed cross - section such that fluid passing therethrough is constrained on all sides . disposed in fluid system 300 are a series of radiation source assemblies 302 . each radiation source assembly 302 comprises a first flanged cover element 305 and a second flanged cover element 310 . disposed between and supported by flanged cover element 305 and flanged cover element 310 is a radiation lamp 315 . also disposed between an interconnecting flanged cover element 305 and flanged cover element 310 are four ground rods 320 . when it is desired to service and / or replace a radiation lamp 315 , a slide tube 325 is reversibly engaged to a collar member 330 disposed in flanged cover element 310 . next , slide tube 325 is pushed in the direction of arrow c — see fig1 and 15 . when collar 330 reaches the interior or flanged cover element 305 collar 330 is reversible engaged with flanged cover element 305 — see fig1 . the nature of the reversible engagement of collar 330 with flanged cover element 305 can be as discussed above with respect to fluid treatment systems 100 and 200 . once slide tube 325 is fully inserted in the fluid treatment zone and collar 330 is engaged with the interior of flanged cover element 305 , the combination of slide tube 325 and collar 330 serve to fully isolate radiation lamp 315 from the flow of fluid — see fig1 and 16 . at this point , radiation lamp 315 can be withdrawn from within slide tube 325 / collar 330 and serviced and / or replaced as necessary . collar 330 can than be disengaged from the interior of flanged cover element 305 and the combination of slide tube 325 / collar 330 can be withdrawn by reversing the steps described above . fig1 - 21 illustrate an enlarged view of some of the components shown in fig1 - 16 . fig2 - 24 illustrate an enlargement of flanged cover element 310 and various components therein ( fig2 and 23 ). fig2 - 28 illustrate an enlarged view of flanged cover element 305 showing various components therein and showing engagement of collar 330 thereto . with reference to fig2 - 33 , there is illustrated a further embodiment of the present invention . in fig2 , a radiation source assembly 402 is shown . radiation source assembly 402 comprises a first flanged cover element 405 and a second flanged cover element 410 . disposed between and supported by flanged cover element 405 and flanged cover element 410 is a radiation source 415 . also disposed between and interconnecting flanged cover element 405 and flanged cover element 410 are a series of ground rods 420 . attached to the portion of flanged cover element 410 is a cover element 450 . disposed within cover element 450 is a ballast ( not shown ) for controlling the power of radiation source 415 . fig3 - 32 illustrate radiation source assembly 402 without cover element 450 and the ballast disposed therein . in fig3 , there is illustrated a fluid treatment system 400 comprising four radiation source assemblies 402 as described above with reference to fig2 - 32 . all publications , patents and patent applications referred to herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual publication , patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety . for greater certainty , copending u . s . provisional patent applications 60 / 752 , 024 ( gowlings ref : t8469433us ) and 60 / 752 , 025 ( gowlings ref : t8469435us ), both filed on dec . 21 , 2005 in the names of the present inventors , are each incorporated herein by reference .
there is described a fluid treatment system which may which may be used with radiation sources that do not require a protective sleeve — e . g ., excimer radiation sources . an advantage of the present fluid system treatment is that the radiation sources may be removed from the fluid treatment zone without necessarily having to shut down the fluid treatment system , remove the fluid , break the seals which retain fluid tightness , replace / service radiation source and than reverse the steps . instead , the present fluid treatment system allows for service / replacement of the radiation sources in the fluid treatment zone during operation of the fluid treatment system .