the ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention is used for the surgically non - invasive utilization of ultra high - frequency acoustic energy in the treatment of reflex sympathetic dystrophy ( rsd ). even though this detailed description discusses the treatment of rsd following an injury , the ultrasound treatment apparatus can be used to treat rsd caused by other means , such as surgery , medication , or an infection . the treatment of other musculoskeletal injuries including cranial and venous ulcers are also contemplated with the present invention . the apparatus includes an ergonomically constructed placement module having a strap or other fastening means for being secured to an injured part of a patient &# 39 ; s body . at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly partially fabricated with a conductive plastic material is attached or imbedded within the placement module and properly positioned in proximity to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body . different types of ultrasonic transducers and signals can be provided , such as those described and schematically depicted in u . s . pat . no . 5 , 520 , 612 to winder et al . which is hereby incorporated by reference . particularly , the transducers and arrangements schematically depicted by fig7 - 11 of the patent in which at least one transducer is used to provide acoustic energy to the site of the injury . the apparatus also utilizes a portable , ergonomically constructed main operating unit ( mou ) which is constructed to fit within a pouch worn by the patient using belt and shoulder strap and provides control signals to the ultrasonic transducers . the mou which is utilized is preferably the one described in u . s . pat . no . 5 , 556 , 372 to talish et al . which is hereby incorporated by reference . turning to the figures , in particular fig1 one embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus 10 of the present invention is shown . the ultrasonic treatment apparatus 10 includes a mou 12 , a placement module 14 , an ultrasonic transducer assembly 16 , and a pouch 18 for releasably securing the mou 12 to the patient during treatment for providing patient mobility . the placement module 14 is comprised of placement bands 20 and placement support 22 . the placement support 22 includes a pocket 24 adapted for placement of the ultrasonic transducer assembly 16 therein . the placement support 22 further includes a body rest 26 having slots 30 for connecting the placement support 22 to the placement bands 20 . a sponge - like material 34 lines the inner surface of the placement support 22 for providing comfort to the patient . the placement support 22 may be construed of hard plastics which may be custom molded for a particular patient . the transducer assembly 16 includes circuitry , schematically illustrated by fig4 and 4a and described below , for exciting at least one transducer therein and is coupled to the mou by cable 36 . the cable 36 is preferably a multiconductor cable capable of transmitting relatively low frequency rf or optical signals , as well as digital signals . the cable 36 may include coaxial cable or other types of suitable shielded cable . alternatively , the cable 36 may include fiber optic cable for transmitting optical signals . the signals may be transmitted continuously or as a series of pulses . in operation , the placement module 14 is positioned and secured to the patient &# 39 ; s body as shown by fig2 such that the transducer assembly 16 lies over the pain receptors of the sympathetic nervous system in the injured part of the body . a locating ring such as the one disclosed in u . s . patent application ser . no . 08 / 389 , 148 may be used for determining the location of injured bone in the case of a bone injury before the placement module 14 is secured to the patient . once the placement module 14 is properly positioned , the transducer within the transducer assembly 16 is excited for a pre - determined amount of time . a gel - like substance 38 may be positioned between the transducer assembly 16 and the injured part of the patient &# 39 ; s body to prevent attenuation of the ultrasonic waves as they travel to the pain receptors 40 , as shown by fig3 . with reference to fig4 a block diagram of one embodiment of the ultrasonic transducer assembly circuitry is shown . the transducer assembly circuitry 17 includes a receiver 50 which receives the signals transferred by a signal generator within mou 12 via cable 36 . receiver 50 is connected to transducer driver 52 which excites transducer 54 . an alternative embodiment of the transducer assembly circuitry 17 is shown in fig4 a . in this embodiment , the ultrasonic transducer assembly 16 includes an internal battery 60 which supplies power to the components within the transducer assembly 16 . for example , battery 60 supplies power to signal monitoring circuit 62 and signal driver 66 . the signal monitoring circuit 62 provides , preferably , a digital output signal 68 which represents the waveform characteristics of the output of transducer driver 70 . these characteristics can be displayed on a digital display and may include , for example , the frequency , pulse repetition frequency , the pulse width and the average output power of the transducer 54 . the output signal 68 of signal monitoring circuit 62 is transferred to the signal generator within mou 12 via driver 66 and cable 36 . the signal generator may include a processor and a switch for regulating the signal characteristics . control signals from the mou 12 are received by receiver 72 via cable 36 . safety or fixture interlock 74 , which may include switches on the outer surface of the placement module 14 or transducer assembly 16 , ensures that the placement module 14 is properly positioned before providing power to the internal components of the transducer assembly 16 . a second embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention is illustrated by fig5 - 7 and designated generally by numeral 200 . the treatment apparatus 200 includes mou 12 , pouch 18 , and a series of transducer assemblies 206 on a placement module 208 . at least one sensor 209 is also included and coupled to mou 12 for sensing the stimulation of the pain receptors by the sympathetic nervous system . the transducer assemblies 206 can be placed within pockets 210 of the placement module 208 such that they lie over the pain receptors at the injury site . each transducer assembly 206 includes a power transducer 212 connected to the mou via wires 214 and cable 218 . a gel - like substance 204 may be positioned between the transducer assemblies 206 and the injured part of the patient &# 39 ; s body to prevent attenuation of the ultrasonic waves as they travel to the pain receptors 216 , as shown by fig7 . the circuitry 17 for each transducer assembly may be similar to that disclosed for the first and second embodiments and schematically illustrated by fig4 and 4a . in operation , the placement module 208 is positioned and firmly secured to the patient &# 39 ; s body as shown by fig6 and 7 , such that the transducer assemblies 206 and at least one sensor 209 lie over the pain receptors in the injured part of the body . once the placement module 208 is properly positioned the transducers within the transducer assemblies 206 are excited for a pre - determined period of time after the at least one sensor 209 has sensed the stimulation of the pain receptors by the sympathetic nervous system . the sensor 209 may provide a signal to the mou 12 once the sensor 209 no longer senses the stimulation of the pain receptors to disenable the transducer assemblies 206 . it is envisioned that the placement module 208 be constructed from suitable conductive plastics , such as conductive abs plastics with either carbon , stainless steel , nickel or aluminum fibers to forego the use of wires 210 for connecting the transducer assemblies 206 to each other . in such an embodiment , the conductive placement module 208 would be used to electrically connect the transducer assemblies 206 to each other . with reference to fig8 - 10 , a third embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention is illustrated . in this embodiment , the treatment apparatus 300 includes a mou 302 , a placement module 304 , ultrasonic transducer assemblies 306 , and a pouch 308 for providing patient mobility during treatment . the placement module 304 is comprised of a placement band 310 and a placement support 312 having half - sections 312 a and 312 b . the under - side of each half - section 312 a and 312 b includes pockets 314 for placement of transducer assemblies 306 therein . the transducer assemblies 306 may be arranged in a plurality of configurations within pockets 314 such that they lie over the injured part of the body . each transducer assembly 306 is connected to the mou 302 via wires 316 and cable 318 to power transducer assembly circuitry 17 within each assembly 306 . the circuitry 17 may be similar to that disclosed for the first and second embodiments and schematically illustrated by fig4 and 4a . in operation , transducers within transducer assemblies 306 are excited for a pre - determined period of time to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body as shown by fig1 . a fourth embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig1 - 13 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 400 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 402 positioned on a conductive strip 404 . the strip 404 is secured to a placement band 405 which is fitted against the injured part of the patient &# 39 ; s body 406 . the conductive strip 404 is connected via a cable 408 to a mou 410 which contains circuitry for exciting ultrasonic transducer assembly 402 affixed to the conductive strip 404 . the conductive strip 404 is preferably constructed from suitable conductive plastics such as conductive abs plastics with either carbon , stainless steel , nickel or aluminum fibers to forego the use of wires for electrically connecting more than one ultrasonic transducer to the conductive strip 404 . in operation , the transducer assembly 402 is excited to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body as shown by fig1 . it is contemplated that during treatment a gel - like substance is positioned between the transducer assembly 402 and the patient &# 39 ; s body to prevent attenuation of the ultrasonic waves . a fifth embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig1 and 15 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 500 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 502 positioned on an inner surface of a first support 504 and a second support 506 having straps 507 for strapping the supports 504 , 506 to an appendage , such as an arm . a gel - lined tubular muff 508 is also included for being worn by the patient prior to strapping the two supports 504 , 506 as shown by fig1 . the at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 502 is connected via a cable 510 to a mou 512 which contains circuitry for exciting ultrasonic transducer assembly 502 . in operation , the transducer assembly 502 is excited to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body . the gel - lined surface of the tubular muff 508 prevents the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves . a sixth embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig1 and 17 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 550 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 552 positioned on an inner surface of an outer support layer 554 . the outer support layer 554 wraps around a gel - lined tubular muff 556 and is affixed thereto by an elongated strap 558 . the gel - lined tubular muff 556 is worn by the patient prior to strapping the outer support layer 554 to securely tighten the support layer 554 over the muff 556 , as shown by fig1 . the at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 552 is connected via a cable 560 to a mou 562 which contains circuitry for exciting ultrasonic transducer assembly 552 . in operation , the transducer assembly 552 is excited to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body . the gel - lined surface of the tubular muff 556 prevents the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves . a seventh embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig1 - 20 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 600 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 602 positioned on an inner surface of a cylindrical support 604 having a closed end 606 and an open end 608 . a bag 610 lines the inner perimeter of the support 604 and is filled with gel 612 . the at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 602 is connected via a cable 614 to a mou 616 which contains circuitry for exciting ultrasonic transducer assembly 602 . in operation , the patient places their hand within the cylindrical support 604 , as shown by fig1 , and activates the mou 616 to excite transducer assembly 602 to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body , as shown by fig2 . the gel 612 within the bag 610 prevents the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves . an eighth embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig2 and 22 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 700 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 702 positioned on an inner surface of a foot - shaped support 704 having a closed end 706 and an open end 708 . a bag 710 lines the inner perimeter of the support 704 and is filled with gel 712 . the at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 702 is connected via a cable 714 to a mou 716 which contains circuitry for exciting ultrasonic transducer assembly 702 . in operation , the patient places their foot within the foot - shaped support 704 and activates the mou 716 to excite transducer assembly 702 to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body , as shown by fig2 . the gel 712 within the bag 710 prevents the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves . a ninth embodiment of the portable ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig2 and 24 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 800 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 802 positioned on an inner surface of a circular - disc support or basin 804 . a ring - shaped bag 806 filled with a gel is dimensioned to rest on top of the support 804 . the at least one ultrasonic transducer assembly 802 is connected via a cable 808 to a mou 810 which contains circuitry for exciting ultrasonic transducer assembly 802 . in operation , the patient sits on the ring - shaped bag 806 and activates the mou 810 to excite transducer assembly 802 to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body , as shown by fig2 . the bag 806 provides comfort to the patient and the gel within the bag 806 prevents the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves . a tenth embodiment of the ultrasonic treatment apparatus of the present invention which is primarily suitable for the treatment of rsd is illustrated by fig2 . in this embodiment , the apparatus 900 includes a plurality of ultrasonic transducer assemblies 902 positioned along the perimeter of a treatment basin 904 . the treatment basin 904 is filled with a liquid , preferably water , to prevent the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the plurality of ultrasonic transducer assemblies 902 during treatment . the ultrasonic transducer assemblies 902 are connected via wires 906 to an operating unit 908 which contains circuitry for exciting the ultrasonic transducer assemblies 902 . in operation , the patient places the injured part of the body within the treatment basin 904 , as shown by fig2 . the transducer assemblies 902 are then excited to impinge ultrasonic waves to the pain receptors in the injured part of the body . a sensor may also be used for sensing stimulation of the pain receptors before the ultrasonic transducer assemblies 902 are excited . it will be understood that various modifications can be made to the various embodiments of the present invention herein disclosed without departing from its spirit and scope . for example , various shapes of the pouch and signal generator are contemplated , as well as various types of construction materials . also , various modifications may be made in the structural configuration of the placement module and the configuration of the components used to excite the ultrasonic transducer . for example , a sensor may be used with all the embodiments described herein for sensing the stimulation of the pain receptors . therefore , the above description should not be construed as limiting the invention but merely as presenting preferred embodiments of the invention . those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the claims presented below .
the invention relates to apparatus and method for therapeutically treating reflex sympathetic dystrophy using ultra sound . the apparatus includes at least one ergonomically constructed ultrasonic transducer configured to cooperate with a placement module or strip for placement in proximity to pain receptors of the sympathetic nervous system . the apparatus also utilizes a portable , ergonomically constructed main operating unit constructed to fit within a pouch worn by the patient . in operation , at least one ultrasonic transducer positioned in proximity to the pain receptors of the sympathetic nervous system is excited for a predetermined period of time . to ensure that at least one ultrasonic transducer is properly positioned , and to insure compliance with a treatment protocol , a safety interlock is provided to prevent inadvertent excitation of the at least one ultrasonic transducer . in an alternate embodiment , the apparatus includes a treatment basin having a plurality of ultrasonic transducer assemblies placed on the perimeter thereof . the patient places an injured part of the body therein and the transducer assemblies are excited to impinge ultrasonic waves to the injured part of the body .