fig1 generally illustrates a pod - based regional oximeter 100 including pod assemblies 101 , 102 each communicating with an array of regional oximetry sensors 110 via sensor cables 120 . the sensors 110 are attached to various patient 1 locations . one or two regional oximetry pods 130 and a corresponding number of pod cables 140 advantageously provide communications between the sensors 110 and a patient monitor 170 . regional oximetry ( rso 2 ) signal processors 150 housed in each of the pods 130 perform the algorithmic processing normally associated with patient monitors and / or corresponding monitor plug - ins so as to derive various regional oximetry parameters . the pods 130 communicate these parameters to the patient monitor 170 for display and analysis by medical staff . further , in an embodiment , each pod 130 utilizes usb communication protocols and connectors 142 to easily integrate with a third party monitor 170 . a monitor 170 may range from a relatively “ dumb ” display device to a relatively “ intelligent ” multi - parameter patient monitor so as to display physiological parameters indicative of health and wellness . fig2 a - b illustrate an internal - connector regional oximetry pod 201 ( fig2 a ) and an external - connector regional oximetry pod 202 ( fig2 b ). as shown in fig2 a , in the internal - connector embodiment 201 , pod sockets ( not visible ) are recessed into the pod housing 210 . rso 2 sensors 60 have sensor cables 62 extending between the sensors 60 and sensor plugs 64 . the sensor plugs 64 insert into the pod sockets so as communicate sensor signals between the sensors 60 and pod analog and digital boards ( not visible ) within the pod housing 210 . pod boards derive regional oximetry parameters , which are communicated to a monitor 170 ( fig1 ) via a monitor cable 220 and a corresponding usb connector 230 . pod boards are described with respect to fig4 , below . sensor optics and corresponding sensor signals are described with respect to fig3 , below . as shown in fig2 b , in the external - connector embodiment 202 , pod cables 260 extend from the pod housing 250 , providing external pod sockets 270 . sensor plugs 64 insert into the external pod sockets 270 so as communicate sensor signals between the sensors 60 and the analog and digital boards within the pod housing 250 . as generally described above and in further detail below , pod boards 410 , 420 ( fig4 ) derive regional oximetry parameters from the sensor signals , and the parameters are communicated to a monitor 170 ( fig1 ) via the monitor cable 220 and corresponding usb connector 230 . fig3 illustrates a regional oximetry sensor 300 attached to a tissue site 10 so as to generate near - field 360 and far - field 370 emitter - to - detector optical paths through the tissue site 10 . the resulting detector signals are processed so as to calculate and display oxygen saturation ( spo 2 ), delta oxygen saturation ( δspo 2 ) and regional oxygen saturation ( rso 2 ), as shown in fig1 , below . the regional oximetry sensor 300 has a flex circuit layer 310 , a tape layer 320 , an emitter 330 , a near - field detector 340 and a far - field detector 350 . the emitter 330 and detectors 340 , 350 are mechanically and electrically connected to the flex circuit 310 . the tape layer 320 is disposed over and adheres to the flex circuit 310 . further , the tape layer 320 attaches the sensor 300 to the skin 10 surface . as shown in fig3 , the emitter 330 has a substrate 332 mechanically and electrically connected to the flex circuit 310 and a lens 334 that extends from the tape layer 320 . similarly , each detector 340 , 350 has a substrate 342 , 352 and each has a lens 344 , 354 that extends from the tape layer . in this manner , the lenses 334 , 344 , 354 press against the skin 10 , advantageously maximizing the optical transmission and reception of the emitter 330 and detectors 340 , 350 . fig4 generally illustrates a regional oximetry pod 401 that houses a regional oximetry analog board 410 and a regional oximetry digital board 420 . a regional oximetry signal processor 430 executes on a digital signal processor ( dsp ) residing on the digital board 420 . the regional oximetry signal processor 430 is described with respect to fig5 , below . the regional oximetry analog board 410 and digital board 420 are described in detail with respect to fig8 - 9 , below . as shown in fig4 , on the patient side 402 , the regional oximetry analog board 410 communicates with one or more regional oximetry ( rso 2 ) sensors 440 , 450 via one or more sensor cables 445 , 455 . on the caregiver side 403 , a pod cable 425 has a usb connector 427 so as to provide a standard interface between the digital board 420 and a monitor 170 ( fig1 ). also shown in fig4 , the analog board 410 and the digital board 420 enable the pod 401 itself to perform the sensor communications and signal processing functions of a conventional patient monitor . this advantageously allows pod - derived regional oximetry parameters to be displayed on a variety of monitors ranging from simple display devices to complex multiple parameter patient monitoring systems via the simple usb interface 427 . fig5 generally illustrates a regional oximetry signal processor 500 having a front - end signal processor 540 , a back - end signal processor 550 and diagnostics 530 . the front end 540 controls led modulation , detector demodulation and data decimation . the back - end 550 computes sensor parameters from the decimated data . the diagnostics 530 analyze data corresponding to various diagnostic voltages within or external to the digital board so as to verify system integrity . fig6 - 7 generally illustrate regional oximetry pod 600 , 700 embodiments , each having a pod end 601 , 701 ; a monitor end 602 , 702 and an interconnecting pod cable 603 , 703 . the pod end 601 , 701 has dual sensor connectors 610 , 710 . the monitor end 602 , 702 has a monitor connector 620 , 720 . in a particular embodiment , the monitor connector 620 , 720 is a usb connector . as shown in fig6 a - d , in an internal sensor connector embodiment 600 , the sensor connectors 610 are integrated within the pod housing 1200 . advantageously , this configuration provides a relatively compact sensor / monitor interconnection having sensor connectors 610 , a monitor connector 620 and an interconnecting pod cable 603 . the pod 1200 internals , including the housed portion of the sensor connectors 610 , are described in detail with respect to fig1 - 14 , below . as shown in fig7 a - d , in an external sensor connector embodiment 700 , sensor connector cables 705 extend from the pod housing 1500 . advantageously , by removing the dual sensor connectors from within the pod housing 1500 , the pod internal complexity is reduced , which reduces manufacturing costs and increases pod reliability . the pod 1500 internals are described in detail with respect to fig1 , below . fig8 - 9 illustrate a regional oximetry signal processor embodiment 800 , 900 having a digital board 803 ( fig8 ) and an analog board 903 ( fig8 - 9 ) in communications with up to two regional oximetry sensors 801 , 802 ( fig8 ); 901 , 902 ( fig9 ). the digital board 803 ( fig8 ) has a dsp 850 in communications with an external monitor via a usb cable 882 and corresponding uart communications 884 . the dsp 850 is also in communications with the sensors 801 - 802 , 901 - 902 via dacs 830 and adcs 910 on the analog board 903 . as shown in fig8 - 9 , sensor emitters 801 , 802 are driven from the analog board 903 under the control of the digital board dsp 850 via a shift register 870 . each regional sensor 801 - 802 , 901 - 902 has a shallow detector and a deep detector . further , each sensor 801 - 802 , 901 - 902 may have a reference detector and an emitter temperature sensor . in a cerebral regional oximetry embodiment , the sensor ( s ) may have a body temperature sensor 930 and corresponding analog board adc 910 interface . fig1 illustrates a user i / o display 1000 for indicating the placement of up to four sensors on a patient . an adult form 1001 is generated on the display . between one and four sensor sites can be designated on the adult form 1001 , including left and right forehead 1010 , forearm 1020 , chest 1030 , upper leg 1040 , upper calf 1050 and right calf 1060 sites . accordingly , between one and four sensors 110 ( fig1 ) can be located on these sites . a monitor in communication with these sensors then displays between one and four corresponding regional oximetry graphs and readouts , as described with respect to fig1 , below . fig1 illustrates a regional oximetry parameter display 1100 embodiment for accommodating up to four regional oximetry sensor inputs . in this particular example , a first two sensor display 1101 is enabled for monitoring a forehead left site 1110 and a forehead right site 1120 . a second two sensor display 1102 is enabled for monitoring a chest left site 1150 and a chest right site 1160 . fig1 a - e further illustrate a regional oximetry pod 1200 embodiment . as shown in fig1 a , the pod 1200 has a top shell 1201 , a bottom shell 1202 , a pod assembly 1203 enclosed between the shells 1201 , 1202 and a cable 1241 extending from the pod assembly 1203 through a bend relief ( not shown ). as shown in fig1 b , an analog board 1230 and a digital board 1240 are seated within a frame 1210 . as shown in fig1 c - e , an analog board 1230 is plugged into a dual sensor connector assembly 1300 . in particular , an analog board plug 1232 is inserted into a flex circuit assembly socket 1430 . with this arrangement , sensor connectors 64 ( fig2 a ) have electrical continuity with the analog board 1230 and the ( usb ) cable 220 has electrical continuity with the digital board 1240 , as described above with respect to fig4 . fig1 a - d illustrate a dual sensor connector assembly 1300 that provides communications between the analog board 1230 ( fig1 a - e ) and the dual sensor connectors 610 . the dual sensor connector assembly 1300 has a socket block 1310 , a contact assembly 1320 and a flex - circuit assembly 1400 . the socket block 1310 retains the contact assembly 1320 so as to form the dual sensor connectors 610 . the flex - circuit assembly 1400 provides a socket connector 1430 that mechanically receives analog board plug 1232 ( fig1 d ) and electrically connects the analog board sensor inputs to the sensor connectors 610 . in this manner , the analog board 1230 ( fig1 a - e ) receives sensor signals for signal processing , such as filtering and analog - to - digital conversion . fig1 a - c illustrate a connector flex - circuit assembly 1400 having flex circuit contacts 1410 , a flex cable 1420 and a flex circuit socket 1430 . the contacts 1410 receive the sensor connector pins 1320 ( fig1 d ), which are soldered in place . when installing the flex - circuit assembly 1400 within a pod 1200 ( fig1 a - e ) the flex cable 1420 folds into a u - shape ( fig1 c ) so as to expose the flex circuit socket 1430 ( fig1 d ) to the analog board plug 1232 ( fig1 d ), which is then inserted into the socket 1430 ( fig1 d ). fig1 a - c illustrate an external - connector regional oximetry pod housing 1500 having an upper pod shell 1501 and a lower pod shell 1502 that enclose a board assembly 1503 . the board assembly 1503 has a board frame 1510 , a signal processing assembly 1520 and a wrap 1550 . the board frame 1510 and wrap 1550 mechanically stabilize the signal processing assembly 1520 . as shown in fig1 a - c , the signal processing assembly 1520 has an analog board 1530 and a digital board 1540 as described with respect to fig4 , above . the analog board 1530 and a digital board 1540 mechanically and electrically interconnect at board connectors 1531 , 1541 . a sensor cable 705 ( fig7 a - b ) threads through an outer sensor cable boot 1507 and an inner sensor cable boot 1508 so as to mechanically and electrically interconnect with an analog board sensor cable connector 1533 ( fig1 c ). a regional oximetry pod has been disclosed in detail in connection with various embodiments . these embodiments are disclosed by way of examples only and are not to limit the scope of the claims that follow . one of ordinary skill in art will appreciate many variations and modifications .
a regional oximetry pod drives optical emitters on regional oximetry sensors and receives the corresponding detector signals in response . the sensor pod has a dual sensor connector configured to physically attach and electrically connect one or two regional oximetry sensors . the pod housing has a first housing end and a second housing end . the dual sensor connector is disposed proximate the first housing end . the housing at least partially encloses the dual sensor connector . a monitor connector is disposed proximate a second housing end . an analog board is disposed within the pod housing and is in communications with the dual sensor connector . a digital board is disposed within the pod housing in communications with the monitor connector .