[ 0012 ] fig1 is a view of a golfer as seen from his right side looking toward a golf hole into which the golfer expects to putt the golf ball 10 using the putter 15 having a shaft 16 and a putter blade 17 . in fig1 the golfer is standing on the green with the ball 10 positioned between his feet approximately as illustrated in fig2 . the golfer is shown positioned in an optimum state for putting . as can be seen , the golfer &# 39 ; s hip sockets generally indicated at 20 are positioned directly above the golfer &# 39 ; s heels indicated at 21 to provide optimum stability . the golfer &# 39 ; s torso 25 is tilted forwardly , generally about the hips 20 until the golfer &# 39 ; s eyes 30 are directly vertically above the ball 10 , on vertical line 31 , and the golfer &# 39 ; s hands 35 are positioned directly below the shoulder sockets 40 , along line 41 and are positioned in front of and somewhat spaced from the golfer &# 39 ; s legs so that swinging motion of the arms in the vertical plane parallel to the line of ball movement and including line 41 is free from interference with the golfer &# 39 ; s legs and abdomen . in this condition , it will be observed that the line . 41 intersects the ground at a distance b from the ball 10 , and the upper end 18 of the shaft 16 , and grip 17 is at a distance . a above the ground . in the condition illustrated there , it will be seen that the appropriate length of the putter from the upper end of the grip to the bottom of the blade 17 is equal to the hypotenuse of the right triangle formed by legs a , b and c and , accordingly , according to the pythagorean theorem , the length c can be accurately determined by the formula a 2 + b 2 = c 2 . an important aspect of the present invention is the fitting concept that the dimension of the shaft c is determined after the golfer is in the optimum , preferred position , rather than providing the golfer with an adjustable length club and suggesting that he , or she , adjust the length until it feels “ most comfortable .”. in fact , when a golfer assumes the optimum position for putting , as herein described , it may very well feel uncomfortable to him or her until substantial practice has occurred , swinging the putter of the proper length , many times . i have found in practice , and in teaching many professional and amateur students that , in fact , the classical 35 ″ standard length putter is usually longer than the proper length determined under my system . the lie angle θ varies with the trigonometric formula tan θ = a / b ; where θ is 72 ° tan θ is 3 . 08 . the lie angle θ may , accordingly , be found from the standard natural trigonometric functions table or a standard engineering slide rule . a suitable fitting tool using the theorem noted above is shown in fig3 . there , the vertical , telescoping arm 50 is adjustable in length by wing screw clamp . 54 , and grip . 17 ′ is likewise adjustable at pivot 19 to provide a grip of variable angle . as illustrated , the 10 ″ long grip is at 18 ° from the vertical , complimentary of the 72 ° lie angle considered standard . at 18 °, the end 18 ′ of the grip is 3 . 09 ″ inside the adjustable vertical arm 50 ( sin 18 °= 3 . 09 ″/ 10 ″) and , accordingly , the measuring rule 43 on horizontal arm 42 has the starting indication of 7 ″ at 3 . 91 ″ from the inside edge of arm 42 . the rule 43 is adjustable along arm 42 using wing screw 44 to compensate for a change of measurement from 18 °± 3 ° which varies the length 3 . 09 ″ from 3 . 58 ″ to 2 . 59 , i . e . plus or minus { fraction ( 1 / 2 )} inch . in use , the grip 17 ″ may be adjusted at 18 ° from vertical , to reflect 72 ° lie , which shows on the indicator 19 ′ as 72 ° after the proper set up , described above , is determined , the tool is adjusted to provide the desired shaft length . at this point , the final lie angle will be determined from the measurements a and b . that angle may then be set at the grip indicator 19 and rule . 43 by wing screws 19 and 44 respectively . the final measurement may be confirmed by renewing the set up position with the hands in position and the arm 42 lying on the ground behind the ball . in the case of using an adjustable length and lie tool described , in connection with fig1 the foremost consideration in proper fitting , is to assume the correct putting position as described , and then determine the putter length and lie for that position , whether or not the golfers initial reaction is one of comfort . comfort will come with practice , and the results will justify the adoption of the proper length and lie specified here . my method of fitting can also be implemented by providing a dozen , or so , different putters having different lengths and lies , again making the solution based upon the proper set up described . this technique allows incorporating the appropriate head weight and grip weight coupled with the individual club shaft length , along with instruction regarding optimum clubs wing weight and balance . it is noted , of course , that the length and lie fitting club can be similar to that shown in johnston u . s . pat . no . 4 , 104 , 802 but only when the adjustment of length is short enough and lie is made to fit the hand and ball positions for optimum putting noted above ( i . e . the club is fitted to the proper golfer position without regard to adjustment of the golfer to any particular club length and / or lie .) as is well known in the art of golf club manufacture , the “ swing weight ” is an industry standard for measuring the balance point or feel of the club head as it swings . ordinarily , swing weights of the individual clubs of a set are preferably approximately the same , with a swing weight of d - 4 representing a head - heavy swing feeling and a swing weight of c - 8 having a head - light feeling . typically , clubs of standard manufacture in current times will be swing weighted in the range d - 0 to d - 2 . i have found that the preferred swing weight of a putter is in the range c - 8 to d - 0 for the average golfer . while the feel that is most comfortable to a golfer may vary somewhat with the individual golfer , the important aspect from the point of view of adjusting putter length , is that shortening a 35 ″ putter of a standard swing weight d - 0 , for example , will , without any other change , substantially decrease the swing weight of the putter club . under these circumstances , when a shortened , perhaps 32 ″, putter is used by a golfer , it will feel unduly light . while the swing weight of a putter can be accommodated by many golfers , it is preferred that the club head of the putter be adjusted by adding weight , and / or the grip lightened , when the putter is shortened , so that the resulting club still swings approximately at the same swing weight as the remaining clubs in the golfer &# 39 ; s set . this relationship is shown in fig4 which illustrates the way that head weight varies with club length and / or grip weight . the chart illustrates a club having a swing weight of d - 0 . if a lower swing weight of c - 8 , for example , is desired , the head weight will be lower . various other modifications and changes are contemplated and may be resorted to without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the hereinafter appended claims .
a method for fitting a putter club to an individual golfer comprising the steps of having the golfer assume a position in which his hips are directly above his heels , his eyes are directly above the ball to be putted and his hands are directly below his shoulders and forward of his legs and measuring the distance from the crease between his palm and wrist to the ground adjacent of the ball .