fig1 shows a system for applying rf energy to a plurality of discrete regions of skin in accordance with the invention . the system includes an applicator 13 , to be described in detail below , configured to apply rf energy simultaneously to a plurality of discrete regions of skin of an individual 22 . the applicator 13 is connected to a control unit 11 via a cable 12 . the control unit 11 includes a power source 18 . the power source 18 is connected to an rf generator 15 that is connected to electrodes in the applicator 13 via wires in the cable 12 . the control unit 11 has an input device such as a keypad 10 that allows an operator to input selected values of parameters of the treatment , such as the frequency , pulse duration and intensity of the rf energy . the control unit 11 optionally contains a processor 9 for monitoring and controlling various functions of the device . fig2 shows an applicator 13 a that may be used for the applicator 13 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention . the applicator 13 a comprises an electrode 1 from which a plurality of protruding conducting elements 5 extend . each protruding element 5 ( referred to herein as a “ pin ”) terminates in a tip 7 having a high curvature . the electrical current from the tips is much higher than from flat parts 6 of the electrode . skin volumes 4 around the tips 7 are therefore heated to a much higher temperature than the surrounding dermis 3 and epidermis 2 , so that the skin volumes 4 may be heated to a coagulation temperature , while the skin temperature in the outside the volumes 4 are not heated to a coagulation temperature . the electrical energy is adjusted to selectively damage skin adjacent to tips so that the treatment of the skin occurs simultaneously at a plurality of discrete volumes 4 . the pulse duration is preferably short enough to prevent significant heat diffusion far from the tips . in order to limit significant heat transfer from the tips , the pulse duration should preferably not exceed 200 ms . the selectivity of the treatment can be improved by electrode cooling of the skin surface . cooling also causes a more uniform heat distribution at the tips . this can be achieved by circulating a cooling fluid through tubes 8 in the flat regions 6 between the pins 5 . the electrode 1 is contained in a housing 10 connected to the cable 12 . the cable 12 electrically connects the electrode 1 with a terminal of the power source 18 . a second terminal of the power supply 18 may be connected to a ground electrode 20 via a cable 23 ( see fig1 ). fig3 shows an applicator 13 b that may be used for the applicator 13 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention . the applicator 13 b comprises an electrode 100 consisting of a plurality of conducting pins 101 extending from a conducting plate 102 . the pins 101 are separated by electrical insulating material 105 . the applicator 13 b is used similarly as the applicator 13 a to deliver electrical current to discrete volumes of skin 4 . the pins 5 in the applicator 13 a and the pins 101 in the applicator 13 b are provided with blunt tips 7 and 107 , respectively . this prevents the pins 5 and 101 from penetrating into the skin when the electrode 13 a or 13 b is applied t the skin surface . thus , the applicators 13 a and 13 b provide simultaneous non - invasive coagulation of skin regions 4 . fig4 shows an applicator 13 c that may be used for the applicator 13 in accordance with another embodiment of the invention . the applicator 13 c is configured to be used for invasive collagen remodeling . the applicator 13 c includes an electrode 201 having a plurality of protruding conducting pins 205 . the pins 205 have sharp tips 206 that are configured to penetrate through the epidermis 202 into the dermis 203 when pressed on the skin as shown in fig4 . the applicator 13 c is used similarly to the applicators 13 a and 13 b so that the treatment of the skin occurs simultaneously in a plurality of discrete skin volumes 204 . however , unlike the discrete volumes 4 , which are located in the epidermis ( see fig2 and 3 ), the volumes 204 are located below the surface in the dermis 203 ( fig4 ). this reduces skin redness that sometimes occurs when the treated regions are in the epidermis . a maximal current density is created at the tips of the pins 205 . the sides of the protruding elements may be coated with insulating material to avoid skin heating around the pins 205 ( not shown ). the present invention can be combined with other methods of skin treatment including laser treatment . for example non - ablative collagen remodeling by laser radiation may be combined with the invasive rf heating of the skin dermis in accordance with the invention . the preferable parameters for non - invasive skin coagulation in accordance with the invention are as follows : electrode size above 0 . 3 cm ; protruding element at contact with the skin up to 0 . 5 mm protruding element height about 1 mm . distance between protruding elements at least twice the element diameter ; current density : over 1 a / cm . sup . 2 ; rf current pulse duration : not longer than 0 . 5 sec ; the optimal parameters for invasive skin coagulation : electrode size above 0 . 3 cm ; pin diameter at contact with the skin not larger than 0 . 3 mm pin protruding height above 1 mm . distance between pins at least 1 mm ; current density above 0 . 1 a / cm . sup . 2 ; rf current pulse duration not longer than 0 . 5 sec .
a system and method for simultaneously heating a plurality of discrete skin volumes to a coagulation temperature . the system comprises an applicator containing an electrode having a plurality of spaced apart protruding conducting elements configured to contact the skin surface at a plurality of discrete locations . a controller applies a voltage to the electrode so as to simultaneously heat a plurality of skin volumes to a coagulation temperature when the applicator is applied to the skin surface .