incorporation generally takes place by mixing triclocarban with the components of the liquid soap , or mixing triclocarban , optionally in the form of a presolution , with one or more individual components of the liquid soap to be prepared , and mixing the resulting mixture with the other remaining components , or mixing triclocarban in the form of a presolution in a solvent , which is suitable for dissolving and / or dispersing triclocarban and can be used in liquids , into the finished liquid soap afterwards . it is also possible to mix individual components of the liquid soap or mixtures of individual components with triclocarban , which are then in turn optionally mixed with other individual components of the liquid soap or mixtures of individual components or solvents which likewise comprise triclocarban . the application further provides that triclocarban is also incorporated in microencapsulated form into liquid washing products . this increases the solution behaviour and the stability of triclocarban to liquid washing products . suitable microcapsules , e . g . those based on gelatine , have a diameter of a few μm to & lt ; 1 mm and dissolve only during the washing operation , e . g . by rupturing . triclocarban is incorporated into the capsules in dissolved or disperse form , optionally with other components of the liquid detergent or with solvent . in principle , triclocarban can be used in liquid washing products ( liquid soaps ) combined with riclosan in any ratio in order to round off the antimicrobial or cosmetic profile of the liquid washing products . ______________________________________formulation 1 % by weight % of active ingredient______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 50 14cocamidopropylbetaine 6 2 . 2peg - 9 cocoglycerides 4 4peg - 400 ( peg 8 ) 10 10triclocarban 0 . 1 - 0 . 5 * 0 . 1 - 0 . 5perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4laureth 2 ( or laureth 3 ) 1 . 0 1 . 0lauryl polyglycose / 6 2 . 6cocamidopropylbetaineperservative 0 . 1 - 0 . 2nacl 0 . 7 0 . 7water ad 100 about 65 % total water content______________________________________ * at concentrations greater than 0 . 5 %, triclocarban crystallizes out withi weeks at room temperature . ______________________________________formulation 2 % by weight % of active ingredient______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 50 14cocamidopropylbetaine 6 2 . 2peg - 7 glyceryl cocoate 4 . 0 4 . 0peg 600 ( peg 12 ) 6 . 0 6 . 0triclocarban 0 . 3 - 0 . 5 * 0 . 3 - 0 . 5perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4laureth 2 ( or laureth 3 ) 1 . 0 1 . 0lauryl polyglycose / 6 2 . 6cocamidopropylbetaineperservative 0 . 1 - 0 . 2water ad 100 about 70 % total water content______________________________________ * at concentrations higher than 0 . 5 %, triclocarban crystallizes out within weeks at room temperature . ______________________________________formulation 3 % by weight % of active ingredient______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 50 14cocamidopropylbetaine 8 . 0 2 . 9peg - 7 glyceryl cocoate 3 . 0 3 . 0peg 400 ( peg 8 ) 2 . 0 2 . 0triclocarban 0 . 1 - 0 . 3 * 0 . 1 - 0 . 3perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4perservative 0 . 1 - 0 . 2nacl 0 . 7 0 . 7water ad 100 about 76 % total water content______________________________________ * at concentrations higher than 0 . 3 %, triclocarban crystallizes out within weeks at room temperature . ______________________________________formulation 4preservative - free / self - preserving % by weight % of active ingredient______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 52 . 5 14 . 7cocamidopropylbetaine 7 . 5 2 . 7peg - 9 cocoglycerides 4 . 2 4 . 2peg 400 ( peg 8 ) 6 . 3 6 . 3triclocarban 0 . 3 - 0 . 5 * 0 . 3 - 0 . 5perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4laureth ( 2 or laureth 3 ) 1 . 6 1 . 6sorbitol 20 . 0 - 30 . 0 14 . 0 - 21 . 0perservative nonewater ad 100 about 49 - 56 % total water content______________________________________ * at concentrations higher than 0 . 5 %, triclocarban crystallizes out within weeks at room temperature . ______________________________________formulation 5 % by weight % of active ingredient______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 40 . 0 11 . 2cocamidopropylbetaine 8 . 0 2 . 9disodium laureth sulphosuccinate 6 . 0 2 . 4peg 400 ( peg 8 ) 8 . 0 8 . 0peg - 9 cocoglycerides 5 . 0 5 . 0polysorbate 20 0 - 2 . 0 0 - 2 . 0triclocarban 0 . 3 - 0 . 5 * 0 . 3 - 0 . 5perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4laureth - 2 ( or laureth 3 ) 2 . 5 2 . 5perservative 0 . 1 - 0 . 2nacl 0 . 7 - 1 . 0 0 . 7 - 1 . 0water ad 100 about 62 - 64 % total water content______________________________________ * at concentrations higher than 0 . 5 %, triclocarban crystallizes out within weeks at room temperature . ______________________________________formulation 6 % by weight % of active ingredient______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 40 . 0 11 . 2cocamidopropylbetaine 8 . 0 2 . 9disodium laureth sulphosuccinate 6 . 0 2 . 4peg 400 ( peg 8 ) 8 . 0 8 . 0peg - 7 glyceryl cocoate 5 . 0 * 5 . 0polysorbate 20 0 - 2 . 0 0 - 2 . 0triclocarban 0 . 3 - 0 . 7 ** perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4laureth - 2 or ( laureth 3 ) 2 . 5 2 . 5preservative 0 . 1 - 0 . 2nacl 0 . 7 - 1 . 0 0 . 7 - 1 . 0water ad 100 about 62 - 64 % total water content______________________________________ * if peg9 cocoglyceride ( see formulation 5 ) is replaced by peg7 glyceryl cocoate , triclocarban can also be used in higher concentrations , such as , for example , here 0 . 7 %. ** at concentrations higher than 0 . 7 %, triclocarban crystallizes out withi weeks at room temperature . ______________________________________formulation 7preservative - free / self - preserving % % ______________________________________sodium laureth sulphate 52 . 5 14 . 7cocamidopropylbetaine 7 . 5 2 . 7peg - 7 glyceryl cocoate 4 . 2 * 4 . 2 * peg 400 ( peg 8 ) 6 . 3 6 . 3triclocarban 0 . 3 - 0 . 7 ** 0 . 3 - 0 . 7perfume 0 . 2 - 0 . 4laureth 2 ( or laureth 3 ) 1 . 6 1 . 6sorbitol 26 . 56 18 . 6preservative nonewater ad 100 about 51 % total water content______________________________________ ** at concentrations higher than 0 . 7 %, triclocarban crystallizes out in weeks at room temperature . all of the above liquid soap formulations produce clear , colourless , viscous liquids with a pleasant odour . the ph is about 6 - 6 . 5 . the viscosity can be adjusted to about 4000 mpas as desired , although lower - viscosity or higher - viscosity formulations are also possible without the stability of triclocarban being adversely affected . furthermore , in the formulations 4 and 7 , some of the water can be replaced by sorbitol . this gives liquid soaps which are so microbiologically stable that additional preservation is unnecessary . it is surprising that triclocarban , which is virtually insoluble in sorbitol , nevertheless remains stable in the liquid soap without crystallizing out . the stability of the novel liquid soaps or of the crystallization behaviour of triclocarban and the formation of chloroanilines can be investigated as follows : samples of all formulation liquid soaps containing 0 . 1 - 0 . 7 % of triclocarban are stored at + 6 ° c . ( refrigerator ), room temperature and at 40 ° c . ( heating cabinet ) for a period of at least 4 weeks . at intervals , checks are made to ascertain whether triclocarban has crystallized out . in all of the above formulations , triclocarban remains in the given concentrations in solution and does not crystallize out . concentrations higher than those given or significant modification of the formulations lead to the crystallization of triclocarban . for the samples stored at room temperature and at 40 ° c ., the possible formation of chloroanilines is investigated using hplc . triclocarban is specified as preventol sb ® ( manufacturer : bayer ag ) having a maximum chloroanilines content of 450 ppm . from the use concentration , it is possible to calculate a theoretical maximum starting chloroanilines content of 3 . 15 ppm . for the preparation of the liquid soaps , cold technology is used so that no chloroanilines can be formed during the preparation because there is no heat treatment or because the ph is not too high . the hplc analysis method has a determination limit of about 10 ppm . as can be seen from table 2 , the chloroanilines content in the above formulations after storage for 11 or 14 weeks at room temperature is not crucial , being well below the fda recommendation of 100 ppm . after storage for 4 or 11 weeks at 40 ° c . ( accelerated stability test ), a value no higher than 100 ppm of chloroanilines is likewise found . table 2______________________________________ total content ofliquid soaps storage time chloroanilines in ppm______________________________________formulation 1 4 weeks , 40 ° c . 44 14 weeks , rt 16formulation 2 4 weeks , 40 ° c . 25 14 weeks , rt 18formulation 3 6 weeks , 40 ° c . 15 14 weeks , rt ndformulation 4 4 weeks , 40 ° c . 11 11 weeks , rt ndformulation 5 11 weeks , 40 ° c . 31 11 weeks , rt 11formulation 6 11 weeks , 40 ° c . 32 11 weeks , rt 13formulation 7 4 weeks , 40 ° c . 12 11 weeks , rt nd______________________________________ nd = ≦ 10 ppm of chloroanilines the test method used is a modified , quantitative suspension test in accordance with the test recommendations of the dghm ( deutsche gesellschaft fur hygiene und mikrobiologie [ german association for hygiene and microbiology ]). the test microbes used in the investigation are gram - positive ( resident skin flora ) and gram - negative ( transient skin flora ) bacteria . the microbial sowings ( initial number of microbes ) are 8 × 10 6 - 1 . 1 × 10 7 cfu ( colony - forming units ) per ml of use solution , the liquid soap being used as a 75 % strength dilution in deionized water ( simulated use of liquid soap on wet hands ). after a contact time of 1 minute , the reduction in number of microbes compared with the initial number of microbes is determined . reduction in the number of microbes in % in the liquid soap ( 75 %) after a contact time of 1 minute , compared with the initial number of microbes . ______________________________________ test microbes reduction in the number of microbes in % staphylococcus lactobacillus pseudomonas contact aureus atcc plantarum dsm aeruginosaliquid time 6538 20205 dsm 1117soaps in min gram - positive gram - positive gram - negative______________________________________formula - 1 77 - 95 97 . 3 63 - 67 . 5tion 2formula - 1 91 - 97 50 55tion 3formula - 1 99 96 63tion 5formula - 1 99 91 92tion 6______________________________________ to summarize , the formulations 1 to 7 , for the given concentration ranges for triclocarban , are cosmetically modern , high - value , skin - friendly liquid soaps / shower and bath gels with high antimicrobial activity against gram - positive and gram - negative bacteria . these formulations are chemically - physically stable , the active ingredient triclocarban does not crystallize out , the formulations display fully the antimicrobial properties , and the content of possible decomposition products , chloroanilines , remains below the fda recommended limit of 100 ppm . although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to certain preferred versions thereof , other variations are possible . therefore , the spirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the description of the versions contained therein .
this invention relates to the use of triclocarban - n &# 39 ;- urea ; trichlocarbanilide ) as an antibacterial active ingredient in liquid soaps .