the novel compounds of phenylcyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives having the formula ( i ) have excellent insecticidal and acaricidal effect . the insecticidal and acaricidal activity of the insecticidal and acaricidal compounds of the present invention is significantly superior to that of allethrin as one of the commerciallized pyrethroids . it is an unexpected result from the conventional knowledge that the compounds of the present invention have excellent insecticidal and acaricidal activity . the process for producing the novel compounds will be illustrated by the following schemes . in the schemes ( a ) to ( d ), the references x , y and r are defined above z represents a halogen atom or sulfonate group and hal represents a halogen atom . ## str8 ## the compounds of the present invention can be obtained in high yield by the processes of ( a ) to ( c ). when y is a cyano group in the formula ( i ), the compound can be also obtained by the process ( d ). in the process ( a ), an organic tertiary base such as pyridine and triethylamine or an inorganic base such as alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides is used as the dehydrogen halide agent and the starting materials are reacted in an inert solvent such as benzene . in the process ( b ), the starting components are reacted in an inert solvent such as acetonitrile in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide . alternatively , p - toluene - sulfonic acid or conc . sulfuric acid used in an esterification can be used as the catalyst . in the process ( c ), the starting materials are reacted in a solvent such as dimethylformamide , preferably under refluxing . in the course of the reaction , an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide is used for converting an acid to a salt such as potassium or sodium salt etc . in the process ( d ), the starting materials are reacted in an aprotic solvent which is not miscible to water such as n - heptane in the presence of water soluble cyan compound such as sodium cyanate and a phase transfer catalyst such as tetra - n - butyl ammonium chloride or trimethyl benzylammonium chloride to obtain the compound of the present invention in high yield . certain examples of syntheses of the compounds of the present invention will be illustrated below . into 20 ml . of benzene , 2 . 0 g . of 6 - phenoxy - α - picolyl alcohol and 0 . 8 g . of pyridine were dissolved . the solution was stirred under cooling with ice and 2 . 2 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - methoxyphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride was added dropwise to the solution . after reacting them for 1 hour , the reaction product was washed twice with 10 ml . of water and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and benzene was distilled off under a reduced pressure . the residual oily product was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina : developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 3 . 6 g . of the object compound . ______________________________________ ## str9 ## elementary analysis : c (%) h (%) n (%) ______________________________________found 74 . 87 6 . 15 3 . 51calculated 74 . 42 6 . 25 3 . 47______________________________________ nmr spectrum : δppm , ccl 4 ; 0 . 90 ( 3h , s ); 1 . 32 ( 3h , s ); 1 . 88 ( 1h , d , j = 6 . 0 hz ); 2 . 60 ( 1h , d , j = 6 . 0 hz ); 3 . 62 ( 3h , s ); 5 . 00 ( 2h , s ); 6 . 72 ( 1h , d , j = 8 . 0 hz ); 7 . 87 ( 1h , dd , j = 8 . 0 hz ); 6 . 70 - 7 . 40 ( 10h , m ). into 20 ml . of benzene , 2 . 0 g . of 6 - phenoxy - α - picolyl alcohol and 0 . 8 g . of pyridine were dissolved . the solution was stirred under cooling with ice and 2 . 6 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - t - butylphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride was added dropwise to the solution . after reacting them for 1 hour , the reaction product was washed twice with 10 ml . of water and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and benzene was distilled off under a reduced pressure . the residual oily product was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina ; developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 4 . 1 g . of the object compound . ______________________________________ ## str10 ## elementary analysis : c (%) h (%) n (%) ______________________________________found 79 . 15 7 . 08 3 . 20calculated 78 . 29 7 . 27 3 . 26______________________________________ nmr spectrum : δppm . ccl 4 ; 0 . 91 ( 3h , s ); 1 . 27 ( 9h , s ); 1 . 35 ( 3h , s ); 1 . 93 ( 1h , d . j = 6 . 0 hz ); 2 . 62 ( 1h , d . j = 6 . 0 hz ); 5 . 00 ( 2h , s ); 6 . 68 ( 1h , d , j = 8 . 0 hz ); 7 . 59 ( 1h , d , j = 8 . 0 hz ); 6 . 80 - 7 . 40 ( 10h , m ). into 20 ml . of benzene , 2 . 3 g . of cyano ( 6 - phenoxy - 2 - pyridine ) methanol and 0 . 8 g . of pyridine were dissolved . the solution was stirred under cooling with ice and 2 . 7 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - t - butylphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride was added dropwise to the solution . after reacting them for 1 hour , the reaction product was washed twice with 10 ml . of water and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and benzene was distilled off under a reduced pressure . the residual oily product was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina ; developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 4 . 6 g . of the object compound . ______________________________________ ## str11 ## elementary analysis : c (%) h (%) n (%) ______________________________________found 77 . 47 6 . 48 6 . 05calculated 76 . 63 6 . 65 6 . 16n . sub . d . sup . 20 1 . 5595______________________________________ nmr spectrum : δppm , ccl 4 ; 0 . 95 ( 3h , bs ); 1 . 28 ( 9h , s ); 1 . 30 ( 1 . 5h , s ); 1 . 38 ( 1 . 5h , s ); 2 . 06 ( 1h , d . j = 6 . 0 hz ); 2 . 15 ( 1h , m ); 6 . 37 ( 1h , m ), 6 . 91 ( 1h , d . j = 8 . 0 hz ); 7 . 80 ( 1h , dd , j = 8 . 0 hz ); 7 . 0 - 7 . 50 ( 10h , m ). into 20 ml . of n - heptane , 2 g . of 6 - phenoxy - α - picolinic aldehyde , 2 . 8 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - trifluoromethylphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride , 0 . 6 g . of sodium cyanide , 1 . 5 ml . of water and 0 . 1 g . of tetra - n - butylammonium chloride were added . the mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature to react them for 40 hours . after the reaction , the precipitate was separated by filtration . the filtrate was washed with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate , with an aqueous solution of sodium bisulfite and then , with water , and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and n - heptane was distilled off under a reduced pressure . the residual crude product was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina ; developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 4 . 4 g . of the object compound . ______________________________________ ## str12 ## elementary analysis : c (%) h (%) n (%) ______________________________________found 69 . 65 4 . 66 5 . 83calculated 69 . 95 4 . 56 6 . 00refractive index : n . sub . d . sup . 20 1 . 5450______________________________________ into 20 ml . of n - hexane , 2 g . of 2 - phenoxy - α - picolinic aldehyde , 2 . 4 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - chlorophenyl ) cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride , 0 . 6 g . of sodium cyanide , 1 . 5 ml . of water and 0 . 1 g . of trimethylbenzylammonium chloride were added . the mixture was vigorously stirred at room temperature to react them for 40 hours . after the reaction , 100 ml . of ethyl ether was added . the organic layer was washed with an aqueous solution of sodium bisulfite and with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and n - hexane was distilled off to obtain a crude ester . the crude ester was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina ; developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 3 . 6 g . of the object compound . ______________________________________ ## str13 ## elementary analysis : c (%) h (%) n (%) ______________________________________found 70 . 05 4 . 68 6 . 30calculated 69 . 36 4 . 89 6 . 47refractive index : n . sub . d . sup . 20 1 . 5704______________________________________ into 20 ml . of n - hexane , 2 g . of 6 - phenoxy α - picolinic aldehyde , 2 . 6 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - sec - butylphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride , 0 . 6 g . of sodium cyanide , 1 . 5 ml . of water and 0 . 1 g . of tetrabutylammonium chloride were added . in accordance with the process of preparation 5 , the mixture was reacted and worked up to obtain a crude ester . the crude product was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina ; developing solvent : n - hexane ) to obtain 3 . 6 g . of the object compound . ______________________________________ ## str14 ## elementary analysis : c (%) h (%) n (%) ______________________________________found 76 . 95 6 . 31 6 . 09calculated 76 . 63 6 . 65 6 . 16refractive index : n . sub . d . sup . 23 . 5 1 . 5497______________________________________ in to 20 ml . of benzene , 2 . 0 g . of 6 - phenoxy - α - picolyl alcohol and 1 g . of pyridine were dissolved . the solution was stirred under cooling with ice and 2 . 5 g . of 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - cyclopropylphenyl ) cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride was added dropwise to the solution . after the addition , the reaction was continued further for 1 hour , and the reaction product was washed twice with 10 ml . of water and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then benzene was distilled off under a reduced pressure . the resulting crude ester was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina : developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 3 . 8 g . of the object compound ( n d 21 . 5 = 1 . 5807 ). nmr spectrum : δppm , ccl 4 : 0 . 5 - 1 . 0 ( 4h , m ); 0 . 88 ( 3h , s ); 1 . 31 ( 3h , s ); 1 . 5 - 2 . 0 ( 1h , m ); 1 . 92 ( 1h , d , j = 6 . 0 hz ); 2 . 64 ( 1h , d , j = 6 . 0 hz ); 4 . 99 ( 2h , s ); 6 . 65 ( 1h , d , j = 8 . 0 hz ); 6 . 80 - 7 . 30 ( 10h , m ); 7 . 48 ( 1h , dd , j = 8 . 0 hz ). into 20 ml . of benzene , 1 . 1 g . of α - cyano - 6 - phenoxy - 2 - picolyl alcohol and 0 . 5 g . of pyridine were dissolved . the solution was stirred under cooling with ice and 1 . 4 g . of 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - trimethylsilylphenyl ) cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride was added dropwise to the solution . after the addition , the reaction was continued further for 1 hour and the reaction product was washed and dried and concentrated to obtain a crude ester in accordance with the preparation 7 . the crude ester was purified by a column chromatography ( alumina : developing solvent : benzene ) to obtain 2 . 1 g . of the object compound ( n d 21 . 5 = 1 . 5605 ). nmr spectrum : δppm , ccl 4 : 0 . 23 ( 9h , s ); 0 . 90 ( 1 . 5h , s ); 1 . 00 ( 1 . 5h , s ); 1 . 26 ( 1 . 5h , s ); 1 . 35 ( 1 . 5h , s ); 1 . 96 ( 1h , d , j = 6 hz ); 2 . 65 ( 1h , m ); 6 . 20 ( 0 . 5h , s ); 6 . 23 ( 0 . 5h , s ); 6 . 68 ( 1h , d , j = 8 hz ); 7 . 63 ( 1h , dd , j = 8 hz ); 6 . 42 - 7 . 50 ( 10h , m ). into 20 ml . of n - hexane , 2 g . of 6 - phenoxy - α - picolinic aldehyde , 2 . 8 g . of 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - trimethylsilylphenyl ) cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride , 0 . 6 g . of sodium cyanide , 1 ml . of water and 0 . 1 g . of tetra n - butylammonium chloride were added . after the addition , the mixture was stirred and worked up as paparation 8 , to obtain 4 . 0 g . of the object compound . the physical properties of the resulting compound was corresponded with those of the compound obtained in preparation 8 . into 100 ml . of 60 % ethanol aqueous solution , 4 . 8 g . of (±) trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - t - butylphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid and 2 . 5 g . of (-) α - methylbenzylamine were added and dissolved by heating . the solution was kept at room temperature for one night and the precipitated crystals were separated by a filtration . the resulting crystals were recrystallized two times from an ethanol - aqueous solution and also recrystallized two times from ethyl acetate and further recrystallized from 60 % ethanol - aqueous solution to obtain 2 . 2 g . of the crystals . the crystals were decomposed in 10 % sulfuric acid . the product was extracted with ether and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate . ether was distilled off to obtain 1 . 47 g . of trans - 2 , 2 - dimethyl - 3 -( p - t - butylphenyl )- cyclopropane carboxylic acid having (+) predominant optical rotary power ([ α ] d 20 :+ 41 . 2 ( chcl 3 ) and melting point : 117 °- 119 ° c .). in 10 ml . of benzene , 0 . 74 g . of the carboxylic acid and 0 . 39 g . of thionyl chloride were reacted at 50 ° c . to obtain 0 . 77 g . of the carboxylic acid chloride . in accordance with the process of preparation 4 except using the resulting acid chloride , the process for the production was repeated to obtain 0 . 2 g . of the compound 3 ([ α ] d 20 : + 40 . 5 and n d 20 : 1 . 5597 ). the compound no . 3 ([ α ] d 20 =+ 40 . 5 ) was tested in accordance with the test methods of experiment 5 and 4 described below . the percent mortalities of two spotted mite and carmine mite in the case of compound no . 3 [ α ] d 20 =+ 40 . 5 were superior to those of the compound no . 3 ( racemic form ). the other typical compounds produced in accordance with preparation no . 1 - 10 will be described . ______________________________________ ## str15 ## where r is a , b or c and ## str16 ## ## str17 ## ## str18 ## compound substituents in the formula refractiveno . x y r index n . sub . d ( temp . ° c . ) ______________________________________ 5 h h a 1 . 5740 ( 20 ) 6 h cn a 1 . 5665 ( 20 ) 7 cl h a 1 . 5760 ( 20 ) 8 cl h b 1 . 5739 ( 20 ) 9 cl h c 1 . 5719 ( 20 ) 10 cl cn a 1 . 5663 ( 20 ) 11 cl cn c 1 . 5801 ( 20 ) 12 br cn a 1 . 5784 ( 20 ) 13 ch . sub . 3 h a 1 . 5766 ( 20 ) 14 ch . sub . 3 h b 1 . 5801 ( 20 ) 15 ch . sub . 3 h c 1 . 5719 ( 20 ) 16 ch . sub . 3 cn a 1 . 5562 ( 20 ) 17 cf . sub . 3 h a 1 . 5329 ( 20 ) 18 cf . sub . 3 h b 1 . 5369 ( 20 ) 19 cl cn b 1 . 5704 ( 20 ) 20 t - bu cn b 1 . 5620 ( 20 ) 21 t - amyl cn a 1 . 5497 ( 23 . 5 ) 22 t - amyl h a 1 . 5595 ( 23 . 5 ) 23 n - bu cn a 1 . 5551 ( 23 . 5 ) 24 n - bu h a 1 . 5606 ( 23 . 5 ) 25 iso - bu cn a 1 . 5483 ( 23 . 5 ) 26 iso - bu h a 1 . 5547 ( 23 . 5 ) 27 sec - bu cn a 1 . 5497 ( 23 . 5 ) 28 sec - bu h a 1 . 5595 ( 23 . 5 ) 29 ## str19 ## cn a 1 . 5700 ( 21 . 5 ) 30 ## str20 ## h a 1 . 5807 ( 21 . 5 ) 31 ## str21 ## cn a 1 . 5605 ( 21 . 5 ) 32 ## str22 ## h a 1 . 5565 ( 21 . 5 ) 33 ch . sub . 3 s cn a 1 . 5863 ( 20 ) 34 nc cn a 1 . 5739 ( 20 ) ______________________________________ the cyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives of the present invention include , of course , optical isomers thereof due to the assymetric carbon atom of the carboxylic acid moiety and the alcohol moiety , and geometrical isomers thereof due to the stereo structure of the carboxylic acid moiety . the insecticidal and acaricidal compounds of phenylcyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives having the formula ( i ) are useful as insecticides for controlling insect pests in sanitation as well as agriculture , horticulture and forest , for example , the following injurious insects : rice stem borer , smaller brown planthopper , white - backed planthopper , brown planthopper and green rice leafhopper ; cabbage army worm , tobacco cutworm , common white , green peach aphid , diamondback moth and 28 - spotted lady beetle ; smaller tea tortorix , comstock mealybug , european red mite , citrus red mite and two spotted spider mite ; the injurious insects to which the insecticidal compound of the present invention is applied , are not limited to the above - mentioned insects . the insecticidal activity of the compounds ( i ) is imparted not only young larva but also old larva in direct or in penetration by direct contact or immersion . the compounds of the present invention are also effective to kill various acarina such as carmine mite ( tetranychus cinnabarinus ), kanzawa spider mite ( tetranychus kanzawai ), two - spotted mite ( tetranychus urticae ), citrus red mite ( panonychus citri ), japanese citrus rust mite ( aculus pelekassi ), european red mite ( panonychus ulmi ), sweet cherry spider mite ( tetranychus viennensis ) etc . and are also effective for the other plant parasitic acarina which cause damage to agricultural , horticultural plants and forests and are also applicable to various animal parasitic acarina and other acarina . when the compound is used as an insecticidal or acaricidal composition , suitable adjuvant is admixed with the insecticidal compound at suitable ratio to dissolve , to disperse , to suspend , to blend , to immerse , to adsorb or to adhere the insecticidal compound so as to form suitable composition in a form of a solution , a dispersion , an emulsion , an oil spray , a wettable powder , a dust , a granule , a pellet , a paste or an aerosol . the insecticidal or acaricidal composition incorporating the compound of the present invention as an active ingredient can be blended to suitable other agricultural composition , such as insecticides , acaricides , fungicides , fertilizers , plant nutritions and plant growth regulators which is applied in the same manner . the insecticidal effect of the compound of the present invention can be improved by combining it with synergist such as piperonyl butoxide ( p . b .) octachlorodipropyl ether or n - octyl bicycloheptene dicarboxyimide . the stability of the compound of the present invention can be improved by combining an antioxident such as phenol type antioxidants e . g . 2 , 6 - di - t - butyl - 4 - methylphenol ( b . h . t .) and 2 , 6 - di - t - butylphenol and amine type antioxidants . in the preparation of the insecticidal or acaricidal compositions , suitable carriers include solid carriers such as clay , talc and bentonite ; and liquid carriers such as water ; alcohols e . g . methanol and ethanol ; ketones , ethers , aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons e . g . benzene , toluene , xylene ; organic bases ; acid amides e . g . dimethylformamide ; esters ; and nitriles . if desired , an additive is incorporated . suitable additives include emulsifiers , dispersing agents , suspending agents , spreaders , penetrating agents and stabilizers . a quantity of the active ingredient in the composition can be selected as desired and usually in a range of 0 . 05 to 90 wt .% preferably 0 . 1 to 30 wt .% as a concentrated composition , which is used after diluting with water etc . in a form of an aerosol , a smudge a mosquito - repellent incense or an electric mosquito - repellent incense , a quantity of the active ingredient in the composition can be decreased to certain insecticidal or acaricidal compositions containing the compound of the present invention will be illustrated as follows . ______________________________________composition 1 . emulsifiable concentrate : ______________________________________compound no . 4 25 wt . partsxylol 30 wt . partssorpol 2680 ( toho chem .) 15 wt . partsdimethylformamide 30 wt . parts______________________________________ the components were uniformly mixed and diluted 50 times with the quantity of water and the aqueous solution was sprayed in amounts of 25 to 50 ml / m 2 or it was diluted with 1 , 000 to 5 , 000 times the quantity of water and the aqueous solution was sprayed in amounts of 100 to 800 liter / 10 ares . ______________________________________composition 2 : oil solution______________________________________compound no . 6 0 . 2 wt . partspiperonyl butoxide 0 . 8 wt . partskerosene 99 . 0 wt parts______________________________________ the oil solution was applied in amounts of 25 to 50 ml / m 2 to a floor or 5 to 10 ml / m 2 to a drain or a puddle . ______________________________________ composition 3 : dust : ______________________________________compound no . 10 0 . 4 wt . partspiperonyl butoxide 1 . 6 wt . partstalc . 98 wt . parts______________________________________ the dust was applied at a ratio of 15 g / m 2 or 3 to 4 kg / 10 ares . ______________________________________composition 4 : wettable powder : ______________________________________compound no . 3 10 wt . partszeeklite 85 wt . partssorpol 8048 ( toho chem .) 3 wt . partsrunox 1000 ( toho chem .) 2 wt . parts______________________________________ the components were uniformly ground and mixed to obtain a wettable powder . the wettable powder was diluted with 500 to 2000 times of water and it was sprayed in amounts of 50 to 800 liters / 10 ares . the similar compositions were prepared by substituting the active ingredient to the other compounds of the invention and were applied by the same manners . the following is certain experiments which are conducted with the compositions of the present invention . as references , the following active ingredients were used instead of the compound of the present invention . ## str23 ## a 1 cc quantity of 100 ppm and 10 ppm solution of each of the compounds of the present invention and the references in acetone was dropped onto the bottom of a petri dish ( 9 cm ), and was spread uniformly over the surface of the dish . acetone was completely evaporated at room temperature . ten adult houseflies were placed in the dish , which was covered with a plastic cover having many holes . the petri dish was maintained in a constant temperature room at 25 ° c . for 24 hours and percent mortality of the houseflies was determined . the test was repeated twice and the results are shown in table 1 . table 1______________________________________ concentrationactive percent mortality (%) ingredient 100 ppm 10 ppm______________________________________ 1 100 75 4 100 100 5 100 70 6 100 100 7 100 85 8 100 5010 100 10012 100 9513 100 8516 100 10017 100 9518 85 -- 19 85 -- 23 100 9524 100 -- 25 100 -- 26 95 -- 27 100 -- 28 100 -- 29 100 10030 100 6533 100 -- 34 90 -- allethrin 100 40______________________________________ stems and leaves of a rice seedling were dipped in each emulsion of each of the composition of the compounds of the invention ( 100 ppm ) for 10 seconds and were dried in air . the stems and leaves were covered with a glass cylinder and 15 of adults green rice leafhoppers were released into the cylinder which was covered with a cover having holes and was maintained in a constant temperature room at 25 ° c . for 24 hours or 48 hours and percent mortality was determined . the test was repeated two times . the results are shown in table 2 . table 2______________________________________ percent mortality (%) active ingredient after 24 hr . after 48 hr . ______________________________________ 4 95 10010 85 10016 100 10017 100 100______________________________________ leaves of cabbage were dipped in 100 ppm aqueous emulsion of the compound of the invention or the reference for 10 seconds . the leaves were taken up and dried in air and put in a petri dish having a diameter of 7 . 5 cm . ten of tobacco cutworm ( third instar ) were put in the petri dish which was covered with a cover having many holes . the petri dish was maintained in a constant temperature room at 25 ° c . for 24 or 48 hours and percent mortality was determined . the tests were carried out in two groups . table 3______________________________________ percent mortality (%) active ingredient after 24 hr . after 48 hr . ______________________________________ 3 100 100 4 100 10010 95 10014 90 10017 100 10029 100 100______________________________________ leaves of kidney bean was cut by a leaf - punch in a form of circle having a diameter of 1 . 5 cm . the leaf - discs were put on a wet filter on a polystyrene cup . ten of carmine mites were inoculated on the leaf - discs in the cup . half days after the inoculation , each solution prepared by diluting each emulsifiable concentrate of the present invention or each control with a spreader ( nitten s 4 , 000 times manufactured by nissan chem .) at each predetermined concentration was sprayed by a rotary spray for 2 ml . per each cup . numbers of mortalities of carmine mites were measured after 24 hours or 48 hours from the spraying and percent mortalities were calculated . the tests were carried out in two groups . the results were shown in table 4 . table 4______________________________________ concentration percent mortality (%) compound ( ppm ) after 24 hr . after 48 hr . ______________________________________ 300 100 100compound 3 90 100 100 27 85 100 8 80 90 300 100 100compound 21 90 90 100 27 60 95 8 60 75 300 85 100compound 23 90 60 70 300 100 100compound 25 90 75 75 300 100 100compound 27 90 100 100 300 85 100compound 28 90 30 60 300 100 100compound 29 90 75 100 300 100 100compound 31 90 100 100 300 100 100compound 32 90 95 100 300 100 100compound 33 90 75 85 300 90 100tricyclohexyl 90 50 80tin - hydroxide 27 35 55 8 10 20non - treatment -- 0 0______________________________________ in accordance with the method of experiment 4 , percent mortalities of two spotted mites were measured . the results are shown in table 5 . table 5______________________________________ percent mortality concentration (%) compound ( ppm ) after 48 hr . ______________________________________compound 3 300 100 90 80compound 21 300 85compound 23 300 80compound 27 300 95compound 28 300 70______________________________________ in each pot having a diameter of 12 cm ., kidney bean was grown and parasitic two - spotted mites were inoculated on a leaf . the natural proliferation of the mites were allowed for 8 days and then each solution prepared by diluting each emulsifiable concentrate of the present invention and each control with a spreader at each predetermined concentrate was sprayed by a spray to wet the leaves . after drying it in air , it was maintained in a green house . numbers of mites were measured after the specific days . the parasitic acarina index was calculated by the equation . ## equ1 ## table 6______________________________________test for controlling parasitic acarina parasitic acarina index concentration two - spotted mite ( days ) compound ( ppm ) 3 7 11 18 24______________________________________compoundno . 3 50 0 0 0 0 0referencetricyclo - hexyltin - hydrox - 50 8 0 0 3 3idenon - treat - -- 53 122 602 548 355ment______________________________________
phenylcyclopropane carboxylic acid derivatives having the formula ## str1 ## wherein x represents hydrogen or a halogen atom , c 1 - 5 alkyl group c 1 - 5 alkoxy group , trifluoromethyl , cyclopropyl , tri - lower alkylsilyl , lower alkylthio or cyano group ; y represents hydrogen atom or cyano group ; and r represents ## str2 ## are novel compounds which are useful as insecticides and acaricides .