referring to fig1 , an exemplary embodiment is illustrated . mode select switch 20 allows the user to independently connect each electrode , each of which is identified as 60 , to the high frequency power source . this permits the high frequency power source to selectively be connected to each electrode for the purpose of doing individual impedance measurements or stimulation threshold testing . an additional selection on the mode select switch allows therapeutic high frequency energy to be delivered to each electrode 60 . the high frequency energy is delivered simultaneously to each electrode and the individual electrode temperatures are measured and continuously compared to the user set temperature , represented by 40 in fig1 . as also shown in fig1 , the electrodes are separate and not connected to one another . in other words , the electrodes are separate probes that each incorporate active electrode elements . the term “ electrode ( s )” as used alone hereinafter refers to a probe ( s ) having the active electrode element ( s ). in this embodiment the individual electrode temperatures are displayed on a two - dimensional graphics panel identified by 10 in the figure . also within the graphics display is a representation of temperature vs . time displayed in graphic format . indicator lights , represented by 30 in fig1 , indicate which electrode is active at that particular moment . in this way the user always knows which electrode is active when the mode select has been set to a particular electrode , and will also indicate during high frequency therapeutic treatment which electrodes are being activated at any given time . it is very important to note two things from this figure — one is that to the high frequency power source that delivers the high frequency energy and / or low frequency stimulation pulses could be incorporated into this device or could be a separate stand - alone unit , with this device interposed between the high frequency power source and the electrodes . though the figure shows this device as being ac line connected ( that is requiring an electrical outlet for the unit to be plugged into ), a battery - operated device may also be used . it should also be understood that mode selection could be done in many ways and the features of this user interface could be achieved with or without displays , and could use up / down pushbuttons rather than rotatable selector knobs . for instance , mode select could individually connect each electrode to the high frequency device , and could also have a position which independently connected each electrode to any emg measuring circuit , where the emg signal was then displayed on a two - dimensional graphics display . an additional position on the mode select would be high frequency energy delivery where either continuous or pulsed high frequency energy was delivered simultaneously to each electrode and a feedback circuit was incorporated to maintain each electrode tip at a temperature equal to set temp . it should also be noted there are many ergonomic manifestations of this invention and it would be possible to add additional displays , buttons , and / or indicators to allow and / or assist the operator in controlling the device . for instance , fig1 has an rf on indicator light , represented by 50 , which will indicate whenever high frequency energy is being delivered to the electrode outputs . fig2 is a logic control diagram indicating a basic exemplary feedback mechanism for each of the temperature control electrodes . hf power , identified as 10 a in the figure , is delivered system . the temperature of the electrode receiving this hf energy , as well as the user set temperature , is measured and a decision point is reached , represented by 20 a in the figure . if the electrode temperature is greater than the user set temperature , the hf power is turned off to that electrode . this action is represented by block 30 a in fig2 . then this process starts all over again , where the electrode temperature is once again compared to the user set temperature . conversely , if the measured temperature for that particular electrode is less than the user set temperature the hf remains on , and again , the electrode temperature is subsequently compared to the user set temperature . in this way temperature feedback is realized , which will maintain the electrode temperature at the same level as the user set temperature . fig3 is a more detailed schematic of an exemplary feedback control mechanism . note that this circuit is only representative of the hf energy delivery , and other connections have been omitted for clarity . as an illustration of how the circuit functions , electrode 2 has been chosen as an example . however the same descriptions apply to electrode 1 and electrode 3 , and in fact it should be emphasized that this embodiment permits temperature control of more than one electrode . in other words two , three , four , or more different electrodes can be controlled with this device . 10 b in the figure represents electrode 2 . as can be seen by 11 b , and 12 b , a temperature sensor is incorporated into the electrode that reports the temperature at the electrode tip , as well as a means for applying the high frequency energy to the electrode . temperature is reported via 21 b to control 2 , identified by 30 b in the figure . control 2 also has an input identified as set temperature 20 b , and compares these two signals to determine whether to open or close switch s 2 ( identified by 50 b ). it is important to note that s 2 is a generic switch and can be achieved both electrically and / or mechanically and / or optically . the high frequency energy in , represented by 40 b in the figure , is therefore connected and disconnected to electrode 2 via switch s 2 . as switch s 2 is opening and closing via control 2 , ( which is constantly comparing the user set temperature to the reported electrode tip temperature and determining whether to deliver hf energy to electrode 2 ), a feedback circuit is established which will maintain the electrode 2 temperature at the user set temperature . in fig4 , another exemplary embodiment of the user interface is illustrated . as identified by 10 d and 40 d , it is clear that electrode temperature and / or other pertinent parameters need not be displayed on a two - dimensional screen . these could be represented , for instance , by led or lcd digits . 30 d again represents a two - dimensional graphics display , in this case displaying temperature . again , a graphics display is not necessary to realize the presently described system and method . to demonstrate exemplary options for user interface , the mode selector has been represented by a series of buttons that are associated with indicator lights identified as 20 d in the figure and set temp has been identified as up / down arrows as shown by 50 d . the electrode outputs have been schematically represented by 60 d . in fig5 , additional exemplary embodiments of the device are shown where , this time , the mode selector 20 e has a position for emg in addition to a high frequency energy delivery position . on the two - dimensional display , an emg signal can be represented , thus identifying electrophysiological activity of a nerve before and / or after the high frequency treatment . for completeness , 60 e identifies the electrode outputs , were once again three have been illustrated , although any number greater than 1 is possible with the present system and method . the set temp user interface has been represented in this diagram as a knob 50 e , though as mentioned earlier there are other contemplated ways to achieve this user interface . 40 e identifies the actual set temperature . 10 e is indicating that the temperature displays of the electrodes (--) is not relevant since they would indicate body temperature ( 37 c ), though this temperature could be displayed if desired . fig6 is an exemplary embodiment showing a sensory stimulation graph 30 f , being displayed on the device . in this particular diagram , each electrode has associated with it a thin line and a fat line 35 f indicating pre - and post - stimulation sensory thresholds for each electrode . again , there are many contemplated ways that these parameters could be represented , and this is just an example of one of many ways in which to achieve a representation of these parameters that are identifiable to the user . the mode select switch , identified as 20 f , has settings for both high frequency energy and stimulation . the dashes (--), indicated by 10 f in the figure , represent temperature , which is irrelevant in this mode , since with no energy delivery there is no therapeutic heating and all of the electrodes will be reading body temperature ( which could of course be displayed . the electrode outputs , represented by 60 f , once again indicate three connections though any number of electrodes greater than one should be covered within the scope of this inventiois contemplated . set temp is represented by 5 f in the figure , and its associated value is represented by 40 f in the figure and is depicted as a two digit display . fig7 is another exemplary embodiment . illustrated is a mode select button , 10 g , which allows the user to select between emg , hf , and stimulate modes . when stimulate or emg mode is selected , a digit ( s ) represented by 90 g , indicates which electrode is selected , as in these modes it is important to select one electrode at time , and to know which electrode is selected . the electrode selection is made by the knob identified as 50 g in the figure . in this particular embodiment , the user set temperature is identified as a knob indicated by 30 g , and the set temperature value is represented by 80 g in the figure , and is incorporated within a two - dimensional graphics display 20 g . a time vs . temperature graph is indicated by 110 g in the figure , and the individual electrode temperatures , if hf is selected on the mode select , is indicated by 100 g in the figure . 40 g once again indicates three outputs , and 70 g represented by the dotted lines indicate that more than three electrodes , or less than three electrodes ( as long as number of electrodes is greater than one ), is contemplated . 60 g identifies a log button . this button is used in stimulate mode , since the user must identify what stimulation voltage threshold is to be saved for future display . while the disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments , it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the disclosure . in addition , many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the disclosure without departing from the essential scope thereof . therefore , it is intended that the disclosure not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this disclosure , but that the disclosure will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims .
a method and apparatus for diagnosing and treating neural dysfunction is disclosed . this device has the capability of delivering the therapeutic electrical energy to more than one treatment electrode simultaneously . in another exemplary embodiment , this device can perform emg testing both before and after the therapeutic energy has been delivered , to assess whether the target nerve was successfully treated . in another embodiment , the device has the capability to record and store sensory stimulation thresholds both before and after treatment is described , which allows the clinician to accurately determine whether the target nerve has been desensitized . energy control may achieved by simultaneously comparing the tip temperature of each treatment electrode to a set temperature selected by the operator , and regulating the therapeutic energy output to maintain the set temperature . in another embodiment , emg , stimulation thresholds , and graphs of temperature versus time can be conveniently displayed on a two - dimensional graphics display .