an epilation appliance ( fig1 ) in accordance with the present invention is comprised essentially of a grip element 4 and an epilation head 6 mounted on top . inside the housing 8 is a motor , not showing for the sake of simplicity , and a transmission mechanism for driving the clamping device 14 provided in the epilation head . inside the housing 8 provision is also made for a high - voltage source , which together with the motor is connectable to a supply voltage , in particular a line voltage or a direct voltage from a primary or secondary battery . the high voltage can be a direct voltage or an alternating voltage , a pulsing or modulated or similar voltage , or it may even consist of pulse bursts . at the front of the housing 8 is a switch 10 for turning the epilator on and off and for setting an operating level . a separate control 12 is provided for the high - voltage source to be individually set by the user . the clamping device 14 is a rotary cylinder 14 known in the art and equipped with clamping elements 16 disposed in offset relation to each other . these clamping elements 16 are arranged on the shell face of the rotary cylinder 14 in such a way that there are always two clamping elements 16 in a row and essentially parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary cylinder . it is also possible , however , for the clamping elements to display any other arrangement on the shell face of the rotary cylinder 14 . one group of clamping elements 16 is constructed as first electrodes 18 with positive electric potential , for example , and one group of clamping elements 16 as second electrodes 20 with negative potential , for example , the electrodes being connected to the high - voltage source . this ensures that , when the cylinder 14 is rotated , at least one of the first electrodes 18 can be moved into contact temporarily with the skin requiring epilation and that at least one of the second electrodes 20 is positioned at least temporarily a distance away from the skin requiring epilation so that a spark can be produced in the air gap between the skin and the first and / or second electrode . in this arrangement it is possible for all the clamping elements of both the first group 18 and the second group 20 to be constructed as electrodes so that a spark can be produced when each individual clamping element 16 approaches the skin requiring epilation . alternatively it is also possible , however , to construct a different number of clamping elements 16 in the first group 18 than in the second group 20 as electrodes . in this way it is possible to vary the number of spark discharges per revolution of the rotary cylinder 14 as well as the relative spacing , in time and place , of the spark discharges . when a direct voltage is applied as high voltage it is preferred for all the clamping elements 16 of the first group 18 and only every second clamping element 16 of the second group 20 to be connected to the voltage source . as an alternative to the above described embodiment it is also possible for a grip element 4 ( fig2 ) to be fitted with an epilation head 22 having a clamping device 24 with clamping elements 26 . in this alternative , for example , all the clamping elements 26 of the cylinder 24 acting as second electrodes 28 have the same electric potential . the first electrodes 30 and 32 are constructed as sliding contacts and mounted on the top of the housing 34 in such a way as to be in continuous contact with user &# 39 ; s skin while the appliance is being used . hence the electrodes 30 and 32 produce a continuous contact with the skin while the clamping elements 26 revolving with the rotary cylinder 24 produce a temporary contact with the skin . consequently a spark is produced in the air gap between the skin and the respective electrode 28 prior to the clamping elements 26 approaching the skin requiring epilation . it is also possible for the first electrodes to be arranged at any other position on the outside of the housing and also for them to be constructed as contact pads , for example , and be connected by cable to the high - voltage source . a further embodiment ( fig3 ) makes provision for an epilation head 36 having a rotary cylinder 38 corresponding essentially to the one of fig2 . in this embodiment the clamping elements 40 are constructed as a group of first electrodes , and a group of second electrodes 46 is arranged on a separate carrier 44 extending essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rotary cylinder 38 along the outside of the housing . the electrodes 46 are constructed in such a way as to be moved a small distance , preferably around 0 . 6 mm , above the surface of the skin during use . by contrast , the clamping elements 40 of the rotary cylinder 38 are arranged on the shell face of the cylinder 38 in such a way that one clamping element 40 is always in contact with the skin practically without interruption during use . to produce a spark discharge between the second electrodes 46 and the skin the second electrodes 46 are controlled by a control device , not shown , located inside the housing 8 so that the high voltage is applied to only one of the electrodes 46 at a time . the rotary cylinder 14 ( fig4 ) is comprised essentially of the clamping elements 16 , which are divided into one group of first electrodes 18 and one group of second electrodes 20 , the electrodes 18 having a positive potential , for example , and the electrodes 20 a negative potential . between the two electrode groups 18 and 20 there is an insulator 48 designed to prevent the sparks jumping between the two electrode groups 18 and 20 . the rotary cylinder 14 is mounted for rotary movement on a shaft 50 having either end guided by bushings 52 and 54 in the housing 34 of the epilation head . the clamping elements 16 , on the other hand , are arranged on sleeves 60 and 62 connected to the shaft 50 . at each end of the rotary cylinder 14 provision is made for a contact disk 56 at the one end , and for a disk 58 at the other end , said contact disk 56 being joined to contact pins 64 , 66 which in turn are in contact with the clamping elements 16 of the first electrode group 18 . the contact disk 56 is also joined to a sliding pin 68 which is connected to a high - voltage source 70 so that an electric potential can be applied to the clamping elements 16 of the first electrode group 18 via the sliding pin 68 , the contact disk 56 and the contact pins 64 and 66 . the second pole of the high - voltage source 70 is connected to the clamping elements 16 of the second electrode group 20 via the bushing 54 , the shaft 50 and the sleeve 62 . these electrically conductive parts are made of an electrically conductive material , preferably brass , nickel , copper , carbon or a ferriferous material or are provided with an electrically conductive coating . the bushing 52 , the sleeve 60 and the disk - shaped insulator 48 are made of an electrically insulating material so that spark discharge between the electrodes of the first group 18 and those of the second group 20 is prevented . the rotary cylinder 14 ( fig5 ) is penetrated essentially diametrically by a strip - shaped clamping element 16 and mounted for rotary movement on the shaft 50 by means of the sleeve 62 . when the epilator is used , the rotary cylinder 14 is moved in the direction of rotation 72 over the surface of the skin 78 requiring epilation . as this occurs , the clamping element 16 approaches the skin 78 so that , upon reaching a distance 74 , a spark 76 is produced between the clamping element 16 , constructed as an electrode , and the skin 78 . the spark 76 will then jump over when the dielectric strength of the air is overcome , i . e ., when the voltage - carrying clamping element 16 has approached the skin to the required distance 74 . the air gap between the skin requiring epilation and the electrode — at a discharge voltage of up to 5 kv — equals a distance of up to around 1 millimeter ; in particular spark discharge begins at an air gap of 0 . 6 mm , approximately . in a preferred embodiment the electric voltage is set from 1 . 0 to 2 . 5 kv , approximately . this voltage discharges as an inversely proportional function of the distance 74 , meaning that an initial spark discharge can be produced at a distance 74 of 0 . 6 mm , approximately , and that a spark discharge with a frequency of 2 . 5 khz , approximately , takes place at a distance of 0 mm , approximately , i . e . when the electrically conductive clamping element 16 is in contact with the skin .
the invention is directed to an epilation appliance and a method for using the appliance , in particular for epilation of the human skin , with a hand - holdable housing which accommodates a motor for driving a clamping device , particularly a rotary clamping device , which is provided in the appliance and equipped with clamping elements to grip and pluck the hairs , and with a component for reducing the sense of pain during the extraction of hairs , the component including at least one electrode . with the component an electric spark is producible on the skin prior to the extraction of the hairs , the spark provoking an additional pain corresponding in its pain characteristic to the pain of epilation , but preferably having a lower pain intensity .