referring initially to fig1 , a catheter assembly including valve assemblies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown generally as catheter assembly 5 . briefly , catheter assembly 5 includes a dual lumen shaft 6 on a first end and a pair of tubular extensions 10 , 12 on an opposite end . tubular extensions 10 , 12 are fluidly coupled to shaft 6 and include connectors 11 , 13 , respectively , and valve assemblies 100 , 100 a . although the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described as relates to catheter assembly 5 , the valve assemblies of the present disclosure should not be read as limited to use with catheter assembly 5 . it is envisioned that the embodiments of the present disclosure may be modified for use with various fluid systems , including but not limited to , dialysis , urine collection , enteral feeding and breathing assistance . still referring to fig1 , valve assemblies 100 , 100 a are substantially identical to each other and will be described with reference to valve assembly 100 . with reference now to fig2 a and 2b , valve assembly 100 includes a valve housing 110 , a valve member 120 rotatably received within valve housing 110 , and an actuation mechanism 130 slidably mounted to valve housing 110 and operably engaged with valve member 120 . with reference still to fig2 a and 2b , valve housing 110 includes first and second housing halves 112 a , 112 b . housing halves 112 a , 112 b may be formed as shown in fig2 b , as mirror image first and second sides , 112 a , 112 b , or housing 110 may be divided into top and bottom sections 212 a , 212 b ( fig5 ). housing halves 112 a , 112 b are affixed to one another using any conventional method , including , adhesive , glue , chemical bonding , ultrasonic welding , snap - fit connection , and mechanical fasteners . housing 110 defines a longitudinal axis “ x ” and includes a proximal end 110 a , a distal end 110 b and an internal passageway 113 therebetween . in one embodiment , proximal and distal ends 110 a , 110 b include connection fittings 111 a , 111 b . in an alternative embodiment , proximal and / or distal ends 110 a , 110 b may be integrally formed within catheter assembly 5 ( fig1 ). still referring to fig2 a and 2b , a spherical cut - out portion 115 is formed along internal passageway 113 of valve housing 110 . cut - out portion 115 is sized and dimensioned to receive valve member 120 . as will be discussed in further detail below , valve member 120 defines a substantially spherical member in the form of a ball - valve 122 . cut - out portion 115 includes an open top end 115 a configured for receipt of a stem 124 extending from ball - valve 122 . as will also be discussed in further detail below , the length of open top end 115 a of cut - out portion 115 is dependent upon the angle though which ball - valve 122 must move to rotate from an open position ( fig2 a ) to a closed position ( fig4 a ). the less the degree of rotation , the smaller open top end 115 a may be . the converse is also true , the larger the degree of rotation needed to open or close ball - valve 122 , the larger open top 115 a must be . a top surface 110 c of valve housing 110 is configured to slidingly receive actuation mechanism 130 . top surface 110 c defines a recessed portion 117 . recessed portion 117 includes opposed rails or grooves 117 a extending along a length thereof to operably engage lock member 132 of actuation mechanism 130 . grooves 117 a are configured to receive tabs 133 formed on lock member 132 . grooves 117 a extend the length of recessed portion 117 and are configured such that lock member 132 may traverse the length of recessed portion 117 from a first locked position ( fig2 a ) to a second locked position ( fig4 a ). recessed portion 117 further includes opposed cantilever members 118 , 119 . cantilever members 118 , 119 may be formed on one or both of housing halves 112 a , 112 b and may extend the width of recessed portion 117 . cantilever members 118 , 119 include inner first ends 118 a , 119 a , respectively , securely affixed to housing 110 and outer second ends 118 b , 119 b , respectively , extending along and spaced from housing 110 . outer second ends 118 b , 119 b flex relative to housing 110 . in this manner , outer second ends 118 b , 119 b are configured to selectively engage engagement surfaces 134 b formed on first section 134 of lock member 132 . turning briefly to fig2 a , as noted above , valve member 120 includes a ball - valve 122 having a stem 124 extending therefrom . ball - valve 122 is sized and dimensioned to be received in cut - out 115 of valve housing 110 . when ball - valve 122 is received in cut - out 115 stem 124 extends through open top end 115 a to engage recess 136 a formed in second section 136 of lock member 132 . ball - valve 122 defines a passage 123 configured to align with internal passageway 113 of valve housing 110 when valve assembly 100 is in the first or open position ( fig2 a ) to permit the flow of fluid ( not shown ) through valve assembly 100 . advancement of stem 124 , in the direction of arrow “ a ” within top open end 115 a of cut - out 115 causes rotation of ball - valve 122 , and thus , misalignment of passage 123 and internal passageway 113 . as discussed above , top open end 115 a of cut - out 115 is of a length sufficient to permit advancement of stem 124 to cause rotation of ball - valve 122 from a first position ( fig2 a ) where passage 123 and internal passageway 113 are completely aligned , to a second position ( fig4 a ) where passage 123 and internal passageway 113 are completely misaligned . the diameters of ball - valve 122 and passage 123 determine the linear distance stem 124 must travel to ensure complete misalignment of passage 123 and internal passageway 113 . for example , if ball - valve 122 is ten millimeters ( 10 mm ) in diameter and passage 123 measures five millimeters ( 5 mm ) in diameter , stem 124 would be required to travel five point eight millimeters ( 5 . 8 mm ) or through sixty degrees ( 60 °) of rotation to rotate ball - valve 122 from the first position to the second position . reducing the diameter of ball - valve 122 to about seven millimeters (˜ 7 mm ) while maintaining passage 123 at five millimeters ( 5 mm ) would require a minimum linear travel distance of stem 124 of seven millimeters ( 7 mm ) or through ninety degrees ( 90 °) of rotation . with reference back to fig2 a and 2b , actuation mechanism 130 includes lock member 132 , a release member 138 , and a biasing member 140 . actuation mechanism 130 is configured to be selectively positioned relative to valve housing 110 from at least the first or open position ( fig2 a ) to at least the second or closed position ( fig4 b ). in one embodiment , actuation mechanism 130 is configured for engagement by the thumb of a clinician ( not shown ). lock member 132 includes first and second sections 134 , 136 and defines an opening 135 therebetween for receipt of release member 138 . first and second sections 134 , 136 may be integrally formed , or instead may be securely affixed to one another using any conventional method , including , adhesive , glue , chemical bonding , ultrasonic welding , snap - fit connection , and mechanical fasteners . preferably , first and second sections 134 , 136 are not connected until release member 138 has been received therebetween . first section 134 defines a recessed portion 134 a configured for operable engagement by a clinician . first section 134 further includes engagement surfaces 134 b configured to engage outer second ends 118 b , 119 b of cantilever members 118 , 119 , respectively , when actuation mechanism 130 is in respective first ( fig2 a ) and second ( fig4 a ) positions . a plurality of opposed tabs 133 ( fig2 b ) extend outwardly from first section 134 and are configured to be received within grooves 117 a formed in recessed portion 117 of valve housing 110 . tabs 133 permit actuation mechanism 130 to be slidably received within recess portion 117 . in an alternative embodiment , tabs 133 may be formed along the entire length of first section 134 . it is envisioned that second section 136 may also include tabs ( not shown ) configured to be slidably received in grooves 117 a . in this manner , first and second sections 134 , 136 would be maintained relative to each other without being integrally formed or with the use of conventional securing methods . second section 136 includes a recess 136 a configured to receive an end of stem 124 of ball - valve 122 extending through open top end 115 a of cut - out 115 of valve housing 110 . still referring to fig2 a and 2b , release member 138 defines a substantially “ c ” shaped member including an engagement surface 138 a configured to be pressed by a clinician and opposed contact surfaces 138 b configured to engage outer second ends 118 b , 119 b of cantilever members 118 , 119 , respectively , formed on valve housing 110 when actuation mechanism 130 is in respective first and second positions . release member 138 further includes a recess 139 configured to receive biasing member 140 . biasing member 140 extends between second section 136 and release member 138 to bias release member 138 away from second section 136 . biasing member 140 may be in the form of a spring , as shown , or may instead include a cantilever , pressure cylinder or other biasing element . the operation of valve assembly 100 will now be described with reference to fig2 a - 4b . referring initially to fig2 a and 2b , valve assembly 100 is shown in a first or open condition . in this open condition , passage 123 of ball - valve 122 is completely aligned with internal passageway 113 of valve housing 110 . when valve assembly 100 is in the open condition , engagement surface 134 b of first section 134 engages outer second end 118 b of cantilever 118 , thereby maintaining actuation mechanism 130 locked in the first position . turning to fig3 , downward pressure by a clinician on engagement surface 138 a of release member 138 , in the direction of arrow “ b ”, causes compression of biasing member 140 and approximation of release member 138 towards second section 136 of lock member 132 . the downward movement of release member 138 causes engagement of contact surfaces 138 b thereof with outer second end 118 b of cantilever 118 . continued engagement of release member 138 with cantilever member 118 causes outer second end 118 b of cantilever member 118 to flex away from and disengage engagement surface 134 b of first section 134 . disengagement of engagement surface 134 b by outer second end 118 a of cantilever member 118 unlocks actuation mechanism 130 and permits linear movement of actuation mechanism . advancement of actuation mechanism 130 in the direction of arrow “ c ” causes the rotation of ball - valve 122 , thereby misaligning passage 123 of ball - valve 122 and internal passageway 113 of valve housing 110 . when the clinician releases release member 138 , biasing member 140 biases release member 138 back to an original position spaced from second section 136 . turning to fig4 a and 4b continued advancement of actuation mechanism 130 causes linear movement of stem 124 of ball - valve 122 which results in continued rotation of ball - valve 122 until passage 123 of ball - valve 122 and internal passageway 113 of valve housing 110 are completely misaligned and internal passageway 113 is totally obstructed by ball - valve 122 . in this closed or second position , opposed engagement surface 134 b of first section 134 of lock member 132 engages outer second end 119 b of cantilever 119 . in this manner , actuation mechanism 130 is locked within recessed portion 117 of housing 110 in a second or closed position . valve assembly 100 may be reopened by depressing release member 138 and advancing actuation mechanism 130 in an opposite direction . with reference now to fig5 - 8 , an alternate embodiment of a valve assembly according to the present disclosure is shown generally as valve assembly 200 . valve assembly 200 is substantially similar in form and function to valve assembly 100 and will only be described as relates to the difference therebetween . similar reference numerals denote similar structure . valve assembly 200 includes a housing 210 formed as housing top 212 a and housing bottom 212 b . valve assembly 200 further includes an actuation mechanism 230 having a release member 238 . actuation mechanism 230 does not include a biasing member between release member 238 and a second section 236 of lock member 232 . in this manner , release member 230 is loosely retained between a first section 234 and second section 236 of lock member 232 when contact surfaces 238 b of release member 238 do not engage outer second ends 218 b , 219 b of cantilever members 218 , 219 ( fig7 ). however , when actuation mechanism 230 is in either a first , open position ( fig5 ) or a second , closed position ( fig7 ) respective outer second ends 218 b , 219 b of cantilever members 218 , 219 , respectively , engage contact surfaces 238 b of release member 238 , biasing release member 238 away from second section 236 . in this manner , release member 238 provides a clinician with a visual indication of whether actuation mechanism 230 is locked in the first or second positions or is instead in an intermediary position . although the illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings , it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited to those precise embodiments , and that various other changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure . for example , it is envisioned that actuation mechanism 130 may be configured for automatic actuation by an electric motor or slide . in this manner , actuation mechanism 130 could be automatically actuated by a clinician without having to manually depress release member 138 and advance actuation mechanism 130 . additionally , actuation mechanism 130 may be configured for remote activation .
a valve assembly for use with a catheter assembly is provided . the valve assembly includes a valve housing adapted for fluid engagement with a catheter assembly , the valve housing defining a longitudinal axis and having an internal passageway for flow of fluids relative to the catheter assembly , a valve member at least partially disposed within the valve housing and defining a valve passage , the valve member adapted for movement within the valve housing between an open position wherein the valve passage is in general alignment with the internal passageway of the valve housing to permit flow of fluids through the valve housing , and a closed position to substantially occlude the internal passageway of the valve housing , and an actuation mechanism mounted to the valve housing and operatively connected to the valve member , the actuation mechanism selectively movable in a general longitudinal direction to cause corresponding movement of the valve member between the open position and the closed position .