jump skates according to the first preferred embodiments of the invention shall now be described with initial reference to fig1 ( a )- 3 ( b ). as shown in fig1 ( a ) and 1 ( b ), jump skate 1 includes a boot 2 and an in - line roller assembly as the surface engager 3 . boot 2 includes a base attachment 4 with two machined holes 5 and 6 . ( a base attachment may comprise a single element or multiple elements that are attached to the sole and heel with screws , adhesive , or other means .) surface engager 3 includes attachments with two machined holes 7 and 8 . the distance between holes 5 and 6 is the same as that between holes 7 and 8 . shown between the boot base attachment 4 and the surface engager 3 is the link / spring mechanism that comprises links 9 and 10 ( of equal length ) with four machined holes 5 a , 6 a , 7 a , and 8 a pins 5 b , 6 b , 7 b , and 8 b are shown to connect links 9 and 10 to the boot base attachment 4 and the surface engager 3 by fastening hole 5 to hole 5 a , hole 6 to hole 6 a , hole 7 to hole 7 a , and hole 8 to hole 8 a , respectively . these links and pin joints assure the skate structural integrity while allowing displacements between the boot base attachment 4 and the surface engager 3 . note that , geometrically , the boot base attachment 4 , the surface engager 3 , links 9 and 10 together form the four sides of a parallelogram to assure that the surface engager 3 will always be parallel to the boot base attachment 4 . the present invention thus surpasses all prior arts in controlling the surface engager for skate jump / landing . wound spring 5 c is shown to be installed on pin 5 b , with two spring legs pushing against link 9 and the boot base attachment 4 . similarly , wound spring 8 c is shown to be installed on pin 8 b , with two spring legs pushing against link 10 and the top of surface engager 3 . in addition , coil spring 11 is connected between pins 6 b and 7 b . all three springs will deform and store energy with relative displacements between the boot base attachment 4 and the surface engager 3 . ( for a simplified design , using any one of the three springs alone can serve the purpose of jump assistance .) an additional wound spring can be provided at each pin joint , if desired , or a single spring ( or any combination thereof ) at any of the disclosed locations can be used . because most of the space between the boot base attachment 4 and the surface engager 3 can be used for skate / spring deformation and energy storage / release , the present invention is therefore very effective for jump assistance . in addition , because all links and spring ( s ) are located under the boot base attachment 4 without any hazardous protrusions around the boot ( such as in the u . s . pat . no . 5 , 503 , 413 to belogour ), the present invention adds safety to performance . for the stable support of a skater &# 39 ; s weight , the front segment of the surface engager 3 is made so long that it extends the front roller axle 12 beyond the boot toe ( hole 6 ) throughout the entire range of skate deformation . one or more stopper elements ( a single stopper element 13 is shown added onto surface engager 3 ) may be provided to keep links 9 and 10 ( through the connection to the surface engager 3 ) always “ forward inclined ” such that the boot can only move forward when it is forced downward . thus , the stopper element 13 reduces uncertainty in the skate for improved control . ( the present invention is also applicable to a jump skate with “ rearward inclined ” links . nevertheless , a stopper is needed to maintain a rearward incline of the links .) finally , the flat top portion of the surface engager 3 serves as an additional stopper that limits the downward rotation of links 9 and 10 and defines the maximal deformation range of the skate . fig2 ( a ) to 2 ( b ) illustrate the side and front views , respectively , of the first preferred embodiment of the invention related to a jump ice skate using one spring . fig3 ( a ) to 3 ( b ) illustrate the side and front views , respectively , of the first preferred embodiment of the invention related to a jump conventional roller skate using one spring . fig4 ( a )- 6 ( b ) illustrate a second preferred embodiment of the present invention . in comparison to the first embodiment , the second embodiment minimizes the relative horizontal displacement between the boot and the surface engager , thus offering further control to a jump skate . as shown in fig4 ( a ) and 4 ( b ), jump skate 31 includes a boot 32 and an in - line roller assembly as the surface engager 33 . boot 32 includes a base attachment 34 with two machined holes 35 and 36 . surface engager 33 includes attachments with two machined holes 37 and 38 . the distance between holes 35 and 36 is the same as that between holes 37 and 38 . shown between the boot base attachment 34 and the surface engager 33 is the link / spring mechanism that comprises pins 35 b , 36 b , 37 b , 38 b , 47 b , and 48 b links 39 , 40 , 44 , 45 , and 46 are connected by pins 47 b and 48 b , through holes 47 and 48 . links 39 , 40 , 44 , and 45 are equal in length , each with an additional machined hole ( holes 37 a , 38 a , 35 a , and 36 a , respectively ) for connections to the surface engager 33 and the boot base attachment 34 . the center link 46 has a length equal to the distance between holes 35 and 36 , which also equals to the distance between holes 37 and 38 . pins 35 b and 36 b are shown to connect links 44 and 45 to the boot base attachment 34 by fastening hole 35 to hole 35 a , and hole 36 to hole 36 a , respectively . similarly , pins 37 b and 38 b are shown to connect links 39 and 40 to the surface engager 33 by fastening hole 37 to hole 37 a , and hole 38 to hole 38 a , respectively . these links and pin joints assure the skate structural integrity while allowing displacements between the boot and the surface engager . note that , geometrically , the boot base attachment 34 , the surface engager 33 , and all five said links together form two superimposed parallelograms to assure that the surface engager 33 will always be parallel to the boot base attachment 34 . the wound spring 48 c is shown to be installed on pin 48 b , with two spring legs pushing against links 39 and 44 , which will deform and store energy with relative displacements between the boot base attachment 34 and the surface engager 33 . in addition , the deformation of wound spring 48 c will push forward the center link 46 and suppress relative horizontal displacement between the boot base attachment 34 and the surface engager 33 . additional wound springs can be provided at any of the pin joints , or any combination of such springs can be used . in a further modification shown in fig4 ( c ), one or both of tension springs 71 and 72 , respectively attached between pins 35 b - 47 b and 37 b - 47 b , can be used instead of or in combination with any or all of the wound springs ( such as 48 c ) just described , for a maximum of eight springs according to the present embodiment . alternatively , a compression spring 81 can be attached between the boot and the surface engager as shown in fig4 ( e ), alone or in combination with any of the springs discussed above . having eliminated the relative rotation and horizontal displacement between the boot base 34 and the surface engager 33 , the present invention thus surpasses all prior arts in controlling the surface engager for skate jump / landing . because most of the space between the boot base attachment 34 and the surface engager 33 can be used for skate / spring deformation and energy storage / release , the present invention is therefore very effective for jump assistance . in addition , because all links and spring ( s ) are located under the boot base attachment 34 without any hazardous protrusions around the boot ( such as in the u . s . pat . no . 5 , 503 , 413 to belogour ), the present invention adds safety to performance . one or more stopper elements ( a single stopper element 49 is shown added onto the center link 46 ) may be provided to keep it always “ forward shifted ” when the boot base 34 is forced down toward the surface engager 33 . ( the present invention is also applicable to a jump skate with a “ rearward shifted ” center link . nevertheless , stopper elements are still needed to maintain a rearward shift of the center link 46 .) finally , the flat portions of the surface engager 33 and the boot base attachment 34 serve as additional stoppers that limit the rotation of links 39 , 40 , 44 , and 45 , and define the maximal deformation range of the skate . fig5 ( a ) to 5 ( b ) illustrate the side and front views , respectively , of the second preferred embodiment of the invention related to a jump ice skate using one spring . fig6 ( a ) to 6 ( b ) illustrate the side and front views , respectively , of the second preferred embodiment of the invention related to a jump conventional roller skate using one spring . in both preferred embodiments disclosed above , springs can be integrated with links in various ways , depending on the desire to reduce manufacturing and assembling costs in the jump skates . in the following figures , only the in - line roller skate of the first preferred embodiment is used to illustrate an integration of links and springs . integration of links and springs is , of course , applicable to all jump skates in both preferred embodiments . fig7 ( a ) and 7 ( b ) are exploded perspectives illustrating the side and front views , respectively , of a jump in - line roller skate using two springs that are integrated with one of the links . shown between the boot base attachment and the surface engager is a link / spring mechanism comprising three links and two wound springs . wound spring 51 has one leg installed into ring 51 a and the other leg integrated ( by welding or by any other suitable method , including a one - piece manufacture ) with link 53 . similarly wound spring 52 has one leg installed into ring 52 a and the other leg integrated with link 53 . collectively , springs 51 , 52 and link 53 form a type of “ spring link .” the locations and attachments of the springs to the boot and the surface engager are illustrative only , and may differ without departing from the teachings of the invention . note that the length of link 53 may be shorter that of the two “ stand - alone ” links . however , the overall height of the spring link should be comparable to that of the standalone links . fig8 ( a ) and 8 ( b ) are exploded perspectives illustrating the side and front views , respectively , of a jump in - line roller skate using three springs that are all integrated with the links . part 63 represents a link integrated with two wound springs . part 64 represents a link integrated with just one wound springs . in many jump skate configurations , another part 63 can be used instead of part 64 , however , and another part 64 can be used in place of part 63 . the empty ( without a spring ) end of the link in part 64 is connected to the surface engager with a relatively small pin joint . in these two figures , all wound springs are shown connected to the boot base and surface engager with pin joints , but these connections represent preferred arrangements and do not limit the invention . the invention therefore provides a novel and improved skate that allows quick storage / release of large amounts of energy and enables a skater to jump higher into the air and to land more comfortably than when wearing a regular skate . it is to be understood that the form of the invention herein shown and described is to be taken as the preferred embodiments thereof , and that various changes in shape , material , size , and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or the invention or scope of the subjoined claims . for example , plural similar link / spring mechanisms may be transversely provided in any of the embodiments . further , the pivot connections are not limited to pin joints , but may incorporate ball bearings or any other suitable joint that permits the functionality of the embodiments described above . additionally , one or more stopper elements may be provided in any of the illustrated embodiments .
a jump skate comprises a boot with a base attachment , a surface engager , and a link / spring mechanism , which uses large spring deformation to boost a skater in jumping . the link / spring mechanism comprises at least two links and at least one spring . the links and the spring are made of metallic , synthetic , or composite materials . the link / spring mechanism is connected to the boot and the surface engager with pin joints in such a way that allows large relative displacement with zero rotation between the boot and the surface engager , which offers improved control of the surface engager for skate jump / landing . the spring is installed in such a way that it deforms with relative displacements between the boot and the surface engager . thus a skater can first store energy into the spring by forcing the boot down towards the surface engager and then jump to release the energy for further height .