fig1 , 2 and 3 are respectively the side view , end view and top view of the magnetic pulser 10 . these fig1 , 2 and 3 show the electronics section 20 joined to the magnetic coil section 40 by the connecting structure 30 . fig1 , 2 and 3 show the information and control display panel 21 that includes a charge switch 22 , a pulse button 23 , a ready light 24 , a charging indicator bar 27 and a number of pulses remaining display 28 . fig3 shows that the number of pulses remaining is 39 . when the plug 51 of the power cord 50 ( of fig3 ) is plugged into the power receptacle 25 , the number of pulses remaining display is illuminated . this immediately tells the patient that the magnetic pulser 10 is powered . if the magnetic pulser 10 has self - contained batteries , or for any other reason , an on - off switch ( not shown ) would or could be utilized . when the magnetic pulser 10 is powered , the patient can press the charge switch 22 which causes the capacitors 31 ( as seen in fig4 and 6 ) to begin to charge . the extent to which the capacitors 31 are charged is shown by the charging indicator bar 27 . instead of a charging bar , a sequence of individual lights could also be used to indicate that the capacitors 31 are being charged . when the capacitors 31 are fully charged , the bar 27 is fully illuminated and the ready light 24 turns on . when that occurs , the patient can place the curved surface 41 of the magnetic coil section 40 against her head and then press the pulse button 23 which will discharge the capacitors 31 into the magnetic coil 42 ( shown in fig5 and 6 ). this creates the tms magnetic pulse that can depolarize the neurons of the brain therefore erasing a visual aura and preventing the occurrence of a migraine headache . whenever a pulse is created , the number of pulses remaining display 28 decreases by one . to prevent accidental charging of the capacitors 31 , the charge switch 22 could be under a cover , be a slide or rotary switch , require activation for a fixed period of time or any other technique that provides a means to prevent inadvertent charging . fig3 shows one form of a power cord 50 , namely the type that would be plugged into a typical household receptacle . this power cord 50 has a plug 51 that is electrically connected to a transformer - rectifier 52 by means of wires 53 . the transformer - rectifier 52 would have two or three prongs to be plugged into the household receptacle that is typically 115 volts ac in the usa . it is also conceived that a different type of power cord could be plugged into a conventional cigarette lighter ( or other power source ) in an automobile . in any case , it would be typical that the voltage at the plug 51 would be 12 volts dc . it is also anticipated that a power cord could be joined to a battery that had either primary cells or rechargeable cells either of which could be used to power the magnetic pulser 10 . it is further understood that the magnetic pulser 10 could have a self - contained battery that was either rechargeable or used replaceable cells . fig1 , 2 and 3 also show a receptacle access wall 18 into which the power receptacle 25 and a usb key receptacle 26 could be placed . the usb key receptacle 26 would be used with a usb key 60 of fig3 as will be explained below with the assistance of fig6 . fig4 is a partial cross section of the magnetic pulser 10 showing a cross section of the display panel 21 that includes the charge switch 22 , the pulse button 23 and the ready light 24 . fig4 also shows the receptacle access wall 18 , the connecting structure 30 and the magnetic coil section 40 . one or more capacitors 31 are shown within the connecting section 30 . the electronics module 29 is shown within the electronics section 20 . the components within the electronics module 29 will be described below with the assistance of fig6 . fig5 is a cross section of the magnetic pulser 10 showing the connecting structure 30 as it is joined to the magnetic coil section 40 . the plastic molded wall 31 is formed generally around the entire magnetic pulser 10 . the curved surface 41 of the magnetic coil section 40 is designed to be approximately the same curvature as a human head . an exact match to the curvature of any particular head is not required for the therapeutic effect to be achieved . a curvature for the surface 41 having a radius that is greater than 3 inches and less than 6 inches would be acceptable for the magnetic pulser system 10 . a radius of curvature of approximately 4 . 5 inches would be satisfactory for most patients . it is conceived that the exact curvature for any patient could be approximately matched to the curvature of her specific head . for example , it is conceived that the manufacturer could make three different curvatures for heads having either a small , medium or above average curvature . fig5 also shows the general arrangement of the electrical wire that forms the magnetic coil 42 . although fig5 shows the electrical wire to be solid metal ( which could have an insulating covering ) with a conventional circular cross section , an improved design would be litz wire that includes many strands that are each insulated from the other strands of the wire . another good cross section for the wire would be rectangular with a very thin dimension ( 0 . 001 to 0 . 1 inches ) in one direction and a dimension between 0 . 2 and 0 . 8 inches in the orthogonal dimension . an optimum design would be litz wire having a square cross section of the collected strands . although copper would be an adequate metal from which the magnetic coil 42 could be made , pure aluminum wire would have the advantage of being considerably lighter . the optimum wire for the magnetic coil 42 would probably be aluminum litz wire that has a square or rectangular cross section . fig5 also shows a single magnetic lamination 43 which is formed to the shape of the magnetic coil 42 . although only one lamination is shown , it is conceived that a multiplicity of magnetic laminations could be used to increase the magnetic field strength in the direction of the head while decreasing the magnetic field intensity in the direction of the connecting structure 30 . the ferromagnetic material from which the lamination ( s ) 43 could be made include silicon iron or any other magnetic material that has a comparatively high permeability and saturation flux density . fig6 is a block diagram of the magnetic pulser system 10 . the power receptacle 25 ( from an outside power source ) energizes a dc to dc converter 71 ( or an ac to dc inverter that is not shown ) to provide the appropriate power for all of the electronics shown in fig6 . the output of the converter 71 goes to the control circuit 70 which controls the charging and discharging of the capacitors 31 . a high voltage line ( typically between 300 and 800 volts ) is used to charge the capacitors 31 . although a single high voltage capacitor might be used , a combination of at least two capacitors in series or in parallel is often more advantageous . the magnetic pulser system 10 is controlled by the central processing unit ( cpu 79 ) which follows the instructions stored in the memory 75 . when power is applied to the power receptacle , the cpu 70 will boot - up from the memory 75 and the power on light 86 will light . instead of a power on light , the number on the remaining pulses 29 could illuminate to indicate that the power is on . the cpu 79 will also enable the appropriate number to be shown on the remaining pulses display 29 . the memory 75 should include at least a portion of non - volatile memory so that the remaining number of pulses and patient data will be retained when the system 10 is unplugged from a power source or turned off . once the cpu 79 has been booted up , the system 10 is ready to be used . assuming there are remaining pulses , the patient would activate the charge switch 22 which would cause the cpu 79 to activate the control circuit 70 to begin charging the capacitors 31 . as the capacitors 31 are charging , the control circuit 70 monitors the voltage and communicates this information to the cpu 79 which activates the charging indicator bar 27 which is typically a continuously illuminated bar , or alternatively , a linear array of leds where first one led is lit , then two , then three and so on until the entire array is lit as the capacitors 31 reach their full charge . when the capacitors 31 are fully charged , the cpu 79 will activate the ready light 24 which is typically green . the patient would then place the surface 41 of fig5 against the appropriate part of the head ( or other body part ) and then depress the pulse button 23 which will signal the cpu 79 to instruct the control circuit 70 to discharge the capacitors through the magnetic coil 42 . a preferred embodiment of the pulse button 23 integrates the ready light 24 into the button 23 . when the magnetic pulse is triggered , the ready light 24 goes off , the illuminated bar on the charging indicator bar 27 turns off and the remaining pulse display 29 will show one less pulse . an additional feature of the electrical circuitry of the magnetic pulser system 10 is that when the ready light comes on , the audio circuitry 74 could provide an audio signal ( that is a verbal signal ) through the speaker 73 which indicates to the patient that the magnetic pulser system 10 is ready to provide a magnetic pulse . when the pulse is completed , the audio circuitry 74 through the speaker 73 could also state that the pulse has been delivered . additional audio signals could provide other messages such as there is an error and the device is not functioning or the voltage is too low , or there are only a limited number of pulses remaining , etc . in whatever country the device is sold , the audio signal could be in the language of that country or even in the language or dialect of a limited region of a country . a usb key 60 when inserted in to the usb port 26 could be used to increase the number of pulses remaining by a specific number as specified in the doctor &# 39 ; s refill prescription and as paid for by the patient . for example , a refill accomplished by the usb key could be for 25 , 50 or 100 additional pulses . the cpu 79 and memory 75 could also hold an encrypted security code that disallows any input for additional pulses that is not provided by the manufacturer &# 39 ; s service center . furthermore , the memory 75 could store the date and time for each pulse that is delivered by the tms pulser system 10 . the time history of the patient &# 39 ; s use of pulses can be stored in the memory 75 and could be read out through the data communication circuitry 73 through the usb port 26 , the ethernet jack 82 or the rj - 11 telephone jack 84 . to monitor the shape of magnetic pulses delivered by the magnetic pulse system 10 , a small magnetic field detection coil 76 would be placed in close proximity to the magnetic coil 42 . the coil 76 would feed into the pulse measurement circuitry 77 that would tell the cpu 79 to illuminate an error signal light ( not shown ) on the magnetic pulser system 10 if the amplitude and / or duration of the magnetic pulse was out of a pre - specified range . the letters “ e ” or “ er ” could also appear on the pulse counter to indicate that an incorrect pulse was generated . the patient may also be warned that the pulse was out of its specified limits by means of the audio circuitry 74 and the speaker 73 . by means of the usb port 26 or a data communications connection through the ethernet jack 82 or rj - 11 telephone jack 84 , a technician at the patient &# 39 ; s service center could determine if the magnetic pulse was within its specification and also the exact time history of each magnetic pulse . thus each device in the patient &# 39 ; s hands could be checked to see that it was performing properly . to avoid tampering , it is envisioned that the opening of the case would result in the magnetic pulse system 10 becoming completely inoperative . this could be through erasure of the boot instructions in the memory 71 or through other means . fig7 shows a typical magnetic pulse that can be created when the capacitors 31 are discharged into the magnetic coil 42 . ideally , the peak magnetic field of about 1 . 0 ± 0 . 5 tesla would be created at the center of the bottom surface of the magnetic coil 42 . the time to reach the pulse &# 39 ; s maximum field strength should ideally be 175 ± 100 microseconds , although the time to maximum pulse strength could vary from as little as 10 microseconds to as long as 10 , 000 microseconds . what is most important is that the time rate of change of the magnetic pulse be fast enough to create a therapeutic electric current in the brain or other human tissue . the maximum value of the strength of the magnetic field within the brain should be at least 0 . 05 tesla . if the maximum value of the field within the brain is less than 0 . 05 tesla , the magnetic pulser system 10 will not function for many patients . to create a magnetic field in the brain that is greater than 5 tesla , would require an excessive weight and size of the magnetic pulser system 10 . thus , the acceptable range for the maximum value of the magnetic field within the patient &# 39 ; s brain should lie between 0 . 05 and 5 . 0 tesla . the optimum range for the maximum magnetic field strength onto some part of the patient &# 39 ; s brain should lie between 0 . 2 and 1 . 0 tesla . it should be understood that an effective magnetic pulser system 10 could be created that utilizes some but not all of the features as described herein . for example , a magnetic pulser system could be created and work effectively without a pulse counting feature . another example are the audio signals for the patient which could also be eliminated and still an effective magnetic pulser system could function for the treatment of migraine headache and other disorders . these are just two examples of the several that could be eliminated and the magnetic pulser system 10 would still be of value for most patients . it should also be understood that the use of the word “ capacitors ” has the meaning of one or more capacitors . various other modifications , adaptations and alternative designs are of course possible in light of the teachings as presented herein . therefore it should be understood that , while still remaining within the scope and meaning of the appended claims , this invention could be practiced in a manner other than that which is specifically described herein .
disclosed is a means and method for the treatment of migraine headaches and other disorders of the human body by the application of one or more intense magnetic pulses . by placing an intense magnetic field pulse onto a certain region of the brain , an electrical current can be generated in the cerebral cortex that can stop a migraine headache in some patients or at least decrease its severity . the device to perform this function can be called a “ magnetic pulser system .” this system can be made in one piece and powered by plugging into a household or automobile receptacle or from a battery . the pulser system uses capacitors that are first charged to a high voltage and then discharged into a coil that creates the intense magnetic pulse . both visual and auditory signals can be provided by the pulser system to assist the patient in using the device .