assembly and construction of the embodiment of the animal estrus indicating apparatus 20 of the present invention shown in fig1 - 6 will be considered first . referring now to fig1 the apparatus 20 is shown in an exploded view for clarity to aid in understanding the construction of the present invention . the apparatus includes a broad , circular attachment device 22 which is used to secure the apparatus to the tail of the cow , by inserting the tail therethrough or wrapping around the base of the tail a strap incorporating a suitably shaped enlargement molded to fit the pocket beneath the base of the tail and above the anus . this pocket is often referred to as the caudal fold . to the top of the attachment ring is secured , as by gluing or molding in one piece , a base housing 24 which includes a peripheral upstanding base wall 26 having a pair of latching ears 28 as shown . first , second and third upstanding posts 30 , 32 , 34 are secured to the base housing , as by gluing or molding in one piece with the housing . additionally referring to fig1 a , next a release timing mechanism 35 , is assembled by first snapping the thickened rim 36 of a thin rubber cup seal 38 over the peripheral groove 40 in a timing piston 42 . the center pin 66 extends through the hole 58 in the thin rubber check valve disc 44 , which is secured to the end face 46 of the piston by a retaining washer 48 . washer 48 has a periphery 50 and a central cross bar 52 , and is secured to said end face 46 by friction of the center pin 66 in the hole 55 . the rubber disc 44 is sized so as to cover the check valve holes 56 in the piston 42 , while holes 54 in the retaining washer are sized to permit flexing of said upper and lower portions of the rubber disc 44 therethrough . the center pin 66 prevents lateral movement of the disc . next , the assembled timing piston 42 is placed in the lower timing cylinder half 60 , which is secured to the base housing 24 , as by gluing or molding in one piece . the lower end of the transverse guide pin 62 is placed in the oval recess 64 in the base housing and is secured to the piston 42 by a lateral arm 66 , with elements 42 , 62 , 66 being secured together , as by gluing or molding in one piece . finally , the upper timing cylinder half 68 is secured to the lower cylinder half , as by gluing , with the upper end of the transverse guide pin 62 riding in the oval hole 70 in the upper cylinder half . it is understood that the large rim 72 of the cup seal 38 makes a snug , sealing , sliding contact with the upper and lower timing cylinder halves . next , a no - back pawl 74 is secured to the third post 34 , as by a snug friction fit . then , a metal depressible pin spring 90 is inserted over the lower portion of a pressure responsive , metal depressible pin 92 , as shown , and the lower end of the depressible pin is inserted into a main cavity 94 in the housing 82 , with the spring 90 being compressed between the top of the housing 82 and a collar 96 on the depressible pin . next , a linkage mechanism 98 is assembled by securing a first link 100 to the annular collar 96 with a metal first link fastener 102 . then , the first link and a second link 104 are secured together by a metal second link fastener 106 , while the second link is secured to the housing 82 by a metal third link fastener 108 . a link spring housing 110 is passed over a metal link spring 112 and one end of the link spring is hooked through the hole in the top of the second link 104 , as shown , while the other end of the link spring is hooked into a hole on one end of the link arm 114 . a pressure regulatory mechanism 76 is then assembled by first inserting a length of detent material 78 into a side cavity 80 in pressure regulatory housing 82 . then a detent spring 84 is inserted into a tubular detent housing 86 , which is then urged towards the detent material , thereby compressing the spring 84 between the detent material and the detent housing . the detent housing is secured , as by a threaded connection , or friction fit to the pressure regulatory housing , which is then affixed to a recess 88 in the base housing , as by gluing . it is understood that said main and side cavities 94 , 80 are in communication , and that the detent spring 84 urges the detent material 78 into the main cavity beneath the bottom of the depressible pin 92 prior to said pin being fully depressed . next , a counting ratchet wheel 116 , which forms part of a release mechanism 118 , is inserted between the top and bottom extensions 119 , 120 of a link arm 114 , and the arm is passed down over the second post 32 , which passes upwardly through a bottom collar 124 , the bottom extension , the ratchet wheel , the top extension and a top collar 126 on the arm , and acts as a pivot for the ratchet wheel 116 and the arm 114 . finally , a cap 128 is pressed over the top of the second post with a snug friction fit . then , the bottom loop of a rubber elastic member 132 is passed down over the first post 30 , the oval hole 130 in the movable release arm 134 is passed down over the post , so that the release arm is adjacent the top of the collar 136 on the post , and then the top loop of the elastic member is passed over the post in a position adjacent the top surface of the release arm . the loop in a metal release arm spring 138 is placed over the first post 30 adjacent the top loop of the elastic member and one end of release arm spring is hooked over the release arm , while the other end presses against the base wall 26 , as shown in fig2 . finally , a cap 140 is pressed with a snug friction fit over the post 30 . next , the release arm is cocked by rotating the ratchet wheel 116 on the second post 32 so that its release slot 142 is adjacent the upwardly projecting pin 144 on one end of the movable release arm 134 . the release arm is then manually rotated clockwise against the urging of the spring 138 , about the first post 30 , so as to pass said pin 144 through the release slot into a circular slot 146 in the ratchet wheel , and the ratchet wheel is manually rotated clockwise to thereby entrap the pin within the circular slot . the ratchet wheel &# 39 ; s clockwise rotation is continued until the no - back pawl 74 and the advance pawl 148 on the link arm engage the first tooth 150 on the ratchet wheel . as seen in fig2 at this time the dog 152 on the release arm extends through a release arm opening 154 in the base wall , the elastic member 132 urges the release arm into the position relative to said first post 30 , as shown , and the spring 138 urges the release arm to rotate counterclockwise about the first post , said rotation being prevented by the entrapment of said pin 144 on the ratchet wheel &# 39 ; s circular slot 146 . next , a inner cap 156 is secured , as by gluing , to the base wall 26 and one end of the estrus and then indicating streamer 158 and one end of the lanyard 160 are connected to the top of the inner cap , as by fasteners 162 . the indicating mechanism , in the form of elements 158 , 160 and the outer cap 164 , includes an elapsed time indicating mechanism 166 , shown in fig3 , and 6 , which is assembled by first placing a metal spring 168 and a spacer 170 over one end of an elapsed time exhibiting shaft 172 , said shaft 172 being metal or plastic . the head 174 on the shaft is inserted through the keyhole 178 in the end cap 180 , thereby compressing the spring 168 between the cap 180 and the collar 182 on the shaft 172 . the head is then raised upwardly in the keyhold 178 such that it rests in the depression 184 in the end cap , seen in fig5 to thereby lock the spring 168 compressed between the cap 180 and the collar 182 . next a seal 186 is placed over the shaft 172 so that its legs 188 are adjacent the collar 182 , and then the assembled shaft , spring 168 , spacer 170 , end cap 180 and seal are inserted into a sleeve 190 in the position shown in fig6 . then the end cap 180 is glued to the end of the sleeve 190 . then , as seen in fig6 a quantity of viscous fluid 192 , such as general electric company viscasil silicone type fluid is injected into the sleeve 190 through the small end hole 194 , as by a hypodermic syringe , the quantity being sufficient to fill the cavity 196 between the seal 186 and the end hole , and an aluminum foil seal 196 is glued over the end hole . next , the sleeve 190 and its contents are inserted into the transverse cavity 198 in the outer cap 164 , with the key 200 on the sleeve resting in the keyhole recess 202 of said cavity to thereby align the release pin hole 204 in the sleeve and the release pin hole 206 in the outer cap . the other end of the lanyard 160 is attached , as by gluing , to one end of the release pin 208 and the pin is inserted through the release pin holes 204 , 206 in the outer cover and sleeve so that one end thereof protrudes into the sleeve 190 adjacent the collar 182 . the elapsed time indicating mechanism 166 is then armed by releasing the head 174 through the larger opening of the keyhole 178 in the end cap so that the spring 168 urges the collar 182 on the shaft against the release pin 208 . then , the end of the streamer 158 is connected to the outer cap , as by the fasteners 210 . the lanyard is coiled in the generally square cavity 212 in the outer cap 164 and the streamer is tightly folded into said cavity 212 . referring now to fig2 the outer cap is then secured to the base wall 26 by interlocking its first and second shelves 214 , 216 with the latching ears 28 on the base wall , and the dog 152 on the release arm is manually moved through the release arm opening 154 , so that the end of the dog 152 is adjacent the base wall 26 . then , the outer cap is pressed down , with the dog 152 springing outwardly , under the urging of the elastic member 132 , over the third shelf 218 on the outer cap , thereby locking the outer cap to the base wall , while confining the streamer between the inner and outer caps . when the animal estrus indicating apparatus 20 is assembled , as shown in fig4 the depressible pin 92 extends outwardly through the inner cap through the depressible pin hole 220 and abuts against the inner surface of the outer cap . as will be appreciated , all the parts of the embodiment of the animal estrus indicating apparatus 20 , shown in fig1 - 6 , may be formed , as by injection molding , from any strong , durable , rigid plastic such as polyallomer except , of course , for the parts whose composition has been previously indicated . the detent material is a relatively soft plastic such a polyethylene and the streamer is any brightly colored material , such as plastic or cloth . now that a description has been given of the construction and assembly of the animal estrus indicating apparatus 20 shown in fig1 - 6 , an explanation of the operation of this apparatus will now be set forth . as was previously described , the release arm 134 has been cocked and the elapsed time timing apparatus 166 has been armed . it will be understood that the apparatus 20 is ready for operation when the various components thereof have been assembled in the relation shown in fig2 with the advance pawl 148 and the no back pawl 74 engaging the first tooth 150 on the ratchet wheel 116 . now , when the apparatus 20 has been secured to a first animal by attachment device 22 , as previously described , with the broad end of the base housing 24 pointed rearwardly on the animal , the apparatus is ready to perform its intended function . referring to fig4 when a second animal mounts the first animal , the weight of the second animal on the outer cap 164 causes it to pivot on the inner cap 156 on the shoulder 222 of the outer cap . as the outer cap pivots , it exerts pressure on the pin 92 , thereby depressing it and setting into motion the apparatus 20 . referring now to fig1 and 2 , as the depressible pin 92 is forced downwardly , the shoulder 224 on the lower end of the pin 92 is prevented by the detent material 78 beneath it from moving substantially downwardly until a pressure has been exerted on the depressible pin sufficient to sever the detent material . it will be appreciated that this provision of the detent material prevents inadvertent actuation of the apparatus 20 caused by pressures on the pin 92 less than those normally encountered by a mounting of the first animal by a second animal , such as those caused by a second animal resting its head on the apparatus 20 . of course , it is also understood that the detent material 78 , the detent spring 84 , the detent housing 86 and the side cavity 80 on the regulatory housing could be eliminated by merely making the spring 90 associated with the pin 92 sufficiently strong so that the pin cannot be urged downwardly through its full motion until a pressure is exerted on the pin which is equal to that needed to cause the pin to sever a small portion of said detent material . as the depressible pin 92 moves downwardly after severing the detent material , its downward motion is transferred by the first and second links 100 , 104 to the link spring 112 , thereby stretching the spring and causing it to exert a tension on the link arm 114 , causing the arm to rotate counterclockwise about the second post 32 . the top and bottom extensions 119 , 120 of the link arm , which engage the transverse guide pin 62 of the piston 42 , urge the timing guide pin , and thus its associated timing piston 42 , inwardly towards the end walls 226 of the upper and lower cylinder halves , thereby compressing the air trapped between said piston and said end walls . as seen , a small bleed hole 228 through which said air can escape is provided in the upper cylinder half , and it will be appreciated that the time taken for the link arm 114 to rotate enough to urge the piston through its full range of travel will depend upon the sizing of the bleed hole and the strength of the link spring 112 . these components are sized so that full travel of the piston under the urging of the link arm will take about four seconds , for example , a time deemed sufficient to reliabily indicate that a &# 34 ; standing mount &# 34 ; has taken place . of course , the size of the bleed hole and the strength of the spring 112 could be selected differently to give a time shorter or longer than the four seconds mentioned . it will be understood that , as the piston moves towards the end walls 226 under the urging of the link arm , a corresponding rotation of the link arm about the second post 32 occurs , so that only when the piston moves its full distance towards said end walls has the arm 114 rotated enough so that its advance pawl 148 will engage the second tooth 230 on the ratchet wheel . the no back pawl 74 prevents counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet wheel as the arm 114 and its advance pawl 148 are rotated counterclockwise . of course , it is also to be understood that should the depressible pin 92 be subjected to said pressure for a time less than the four seconds it takes the link arm to urge the piston to travel its full distance towards the end walls , the link arm will not rotate a sufficient distance to engage the second tooth on the ratchet wheel , and thus the ratchet wheel will not count a mounting . thus , it is seen that the release timing mechanism 35 prevents the advance pawl 148 of the linkage mechanism 98 from rotating the ratchet wheel 116 of the release mechanism 118 clockwise , to count a mounting and possibly actuating the release arm , as will be described , if the period of pressure on the depressible pin 92 is less than four seconds . after the mounting has been terminated , the pressure on the outer cap 164 caused by the second animal is relieved and the depressible pin 92 is urged upwardly by its associated spring 90 . as the lower end of the depressible pin clears the top of the side cavity 80 , the detent spring 84 urges the detent material 78 from the side cavity into the main cavity 94 beneath the shoulder 224 of depressible pin 92 . as the depressible pin moves upwardly , its motion is transferred through the first link 100 , the second link 104 and the link spring housing 110 to the link arm , causing the link arm 114 to rotate clockwise about the second post 32 . if the pressure on the depressible pin lasted four seconds or longer , and the advance pawl 148 engaged the second tooth 230 on the ratchet wheel , the advance pawl will then rotate the ratchet wheel clockwise , resulting in a configuration similar to that shown in fig2 except that the advance pawl and the no - back pawl 74 would rest on the second tooth 230 of the ratchet wheel , and the ratchet wheel , by its rotation , has counted one mounting . of course , for pressure of less than four seconds &# 39 ; duration on said depressible pin , the advance pawl 148 does not engage the second tooth of the ratchet wheel , and the advance pawl returns to its original position , shown in fig2 on the first tooth 150 of the ratchet wheel . as the link arm is rotating clockwise , it will be appreciated that it is urging the piston 42 away from the end walls 226 and returning the piston to its initial position , shown in fig2 . the motion of the piston as it returns to its original position is assisted by a check valve in the piston 42 , comprising the check valve holes 56 and the rubber disc 44 , which , in the usual fashion permits air to freely enter into the space between the piston and said end walls during the piston &# 39 ; s return motion . of course , when the piston was compressing the air during its travel towards said end walls , the rubber disc was forced tightly over the check valve holes preventing any leakage therethrough . subsequent mountings of the first animal result in operation of the apparatus 20 as has been heretofore described , except after each mounting of the required four seconds has occurred , the advance pawl 148 engages the next tooth on the ratchet wheel and advances the ratchet wheel clockwise , thereby causing the ratchet wheel to count one mounting , and possibly actuating the release arm as will be described . it will be appreciated that since the ratchet wheel illustrated has five teeth , it will count five mountings in the way previously described , before the release slot 142 is rotated to a position adjacent the pin 144 on the release arm . of course , it will be readily understood that by positioning the release slot in a different position with respect to the teeth on the ratchet wheel and / or by increasing and decreasing the number of teeth on the ratchet wheel , the apparatus 20 could release the pin 144 through the release slot upon only one mounting , or upon any number of mountings , as predetermined by the user . when the pin 144 on the release arm is released through the release slot , the spring 138 urges the release arm to rotate counterclockwise about the first post 30 , thereby disengaging the dog 152 on the release arm from the third shelf 218 on the outer cap . when this happens , the compressed streamer 158 forces the outer cap upwardly , thereby disengaging the first and second shelves 214 , 216 thereof from the latching ears 28 , causing the outer cap to fall free from the inner cap 156 , and deploying the streamer to indicate that the animal is in estrus . as the outer cap falls away from the inner cap , the lanyard 160 , which is shorter in length than the streamer , pulls the release pin 208 through the release pin holes 204 , 206 , thereby releasing the collar 182 on the shaft 172 . referring now to fig3 and 6 , it will be appreciated that the spring 168 , which has a length slightly greater than the length of the sleeve 190 , urges the shaft 172 towards the small hole 194 in the end of the sleeve 190 , the conical depression 232 within the sleeve guiding the shaft to the small hole . the pointed end on the shaft 172 pierces the foil seal 196 thereby initinating release of the fluid 192 contained within the sleeve . it is to be understood that the small hole 194 in the sleeve is sized just slightly larger than the timing shaft so that the fluid within the sleeve is released relatively showly between the shaft and the small hole , under the urging of the spring 168 on the collar 182 of the shaft . of course , the seal 186 prevents leakage of fluid from the sleeve around the collar on the shaft . it will be appreciated that the shaft will protrude from the end of the sleeve a distance proportional to the amount of fluid released through the small hole 194 around the shaft 172 and thus the distance the shaft protrudes is proportional to the time that has elapsed since the outer cap has fallen away from the inner cap . by suitably selecting the spacing of the graduations 234 on the timing shaft , the viscosity of the fluid 192 within the sleeve , the strength of the spring 168 , and the spacing between the shaft 172 and the small hole 194 , the shaft can be calibrated to reliably indicate the amount of time that has elapsed . it should be understood that the time it has taken the shaft 172 to protrude any given distance through the small hole 194 will determine the number of seminal ampules required to insure that the cow which the apparatus 20 has indicated as being in estrus will be successfully impregnated . if the release of the outer cover is taken to approximate the end of the final standing mount on the first animal , then the amount of extension of the shaft 172 through the small hole will indicate approximately the time that has elapsed since the final standing mount of that animal . applicant turns now to a consideration of the second embodiment of his animal estrus indicating apparatus 236 shown in fig7 - 10 . it is to be understood that those elements in the apparatus 236 which correspond to those of the apparatus 20 , shown in fig1 - 6 , will be given the same reference numeral , except that a prime is appended i . e ., base housing 24 is the same as base housing 24 &# 39 ;. the construction and operation of the elements with a prime appended are understood to be the same as their corresponding elements without a prime . it is also to be understood that the outer cap 164 &# 39 ; contains an elapsed time indicating mechanism 166 &# 39 ;, not shown . referring now to fig7 - 10 , it is seen that a fourth post 238 is secured to the base housing 24 &# 39 ;, as by gluing or molding in one piece with the housing 24 &# 39 ;. the no back pawl 74 &# 39 ; is secured to the third post 34 &# 39 ; as has been previously described . next , the counting ratchet wheel 116 &# 39 ; is assembled to the link arm 114 &# 39 ; and the link arm is assembled to the second post 32 &# 39 ;, as has been previously described , with the bottom collar 124 &# 39 ; of the link arm located within the hole through the first gear 240 and spacer 241 , and the first gear advance pawl 262 engaging the first gear 240 . the lower end of the shaft on the second gear 242 is placed into a first recess 244 in the base housing so that the lower gear 246 thereon meshes with the first gear . the lower end of the shaft on the star gear 248 is placed into a second recess 250 in the base housing such that the lower gear 252 thereof meshes with the upper gear 254 on the second gear . the lower end of the balance arm 256 is placed in the third recess 258 in the base housing with the central portion of balance arm engaging the upper gear 260 on the star gear . next , the release arm 134 &# 39 ;, the release spring 138 &# 39 ; and the elastic member 132 &# 39 ; are assembled on the first post 30 &# 39 ; as has been previously described . then , the base housing 24 &# 39 ;, depressible pin 92 &# 39 ;, spring 90 &# 39 ;, pressure regulatory mechanism 76 &# 39 ; and linkage mechanism 98 &# 39 ; are assembled as , has been previously indicated , with one end of the spring 112 &# 39 ; being hooked at one end of the link arm 114 &# 39 ; as before . next , the top plate 264 is secured by passing the top of the first post 30 &# 39 ; through both the first post spacer 266 and the first hole 268 in the top plate . similarly , the top of the second post 32 &# 39 ; is padded into the second hole 270 in the top plate , the top of the shaft of the second gear 242 is passed into the third hole 272 , the top of the shaft on the star gear 248 is passed into the fourth hole 274 , the top of the balance arm 256 is passed into the fifth hole 276 , and the top of the fourth post 238 is passed through the sixth hole 278 . the top plate is secured in place to the top of the fourth post , as by gluing . then the release arm is cocked and the various elements moved to the positions shown in fig9 in the manner which has been previously described . next , the inner cap 156 &# 39 ; is secured to the base wall 26 &# 39 ;, one end of the streamer 158 &# 39 ; and one of the lanyard 160 &# 39 ; are secured to the inner cap , the elements associated with the outer cap 164 &# 39 ; are assembled thereto , and the outer cap is secured to the base wall latching ears 28 &# 39 ; and the dog on the release arm 152 &# 39 ; as has been previously described . the operation of the embodiment shown in fig7 - 10 is identical to that previously described with respect to the embodiment of fig1 - 6 , except that the release timing mechanism 35 , with its four second timing function , is replaced by an escapement type timer 35 &# 39 ;, as will be now discussed . as the weight of the second animal mounting the first animal causes the link arm 114 &# 39 ; to rotate counterclockwise the first gear advance pawl 262 on the link arm causes the first gear 240 to rotate about the second post 32 &# 39 ; in a counterclockwise direction . the rotation of the first gear is transferred through the second gear 242 to the star gear 248 causing it also to rotate counterclockwise , with the upper gear 270 on the star gear causing the balance arm 256 to oscilate . it will be appreciated that the advance pawl 148 &# 39 ; on the link arm will not engage the second tooth 230 &# 39 ; on the ratchet wheel until a period of , for example , four seconds has elapsed , as determined by the tension of the spring 112 &# 39 ; and the sizing and weight of the balance arm 256 . of course , this period of time can be increased or decreased by suitably adjusting the size and weight of balance arm 256 , and the gear ratio of the first , second , and star gears 240 , 242 , 248 . the manner in which the apparatus 236 shown in fig7 - 10 counts each mounting , or fails to count a mounting of less than four seconds &# 39 ; duration , the actuation of the release arm 134 &# 39 ;, the release of the outer cover 164 &# 39 ;, the deployment of the streamer 158 &# 39 ; and the operation of the elapsed time indicating mechanism 166 &# 39 ; are as have been previously discussed . the position of the various elements of the apparatus 236 at the time of the release of the pin 144 &# 39 ; on the release arm 152 &# 39 ;, and the release of the outer cover 164 &# 39 ; by the dog 152 &# 39 ; on the release arm is shown in fig1 . of course , it will be readily understood that by positioning the release slot 142 &# 39 ; in a different position with respect to the teeth on the ratchet wheel 116 &# 39 ; and / or by increasing and decreasing the number of teeth on the ratchet wheel , the apparatus 236 could release the pin 144 &# 39 ; through the release slot upon only one mounting , or upon any number of mountings , as predetermined by the user and as previously discussed with respect to the embodiment 20 shown in fig1 - 6 . of course , it is also to be understood that the release timing mechanisms 35 , 35 &# 39 ; or could be eliminated , if so desired by the user . from the foregoing , various further applications , modifications , and adaptations of the apparatus disclosed and the invention embodied therein will now be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention is addressed , within the scope of the following claims .
an animal estrus detection apparatus adapted to be secured to the rump portion of a first animal , and actuated by a second animal mounting the first and thereby applying a predetermined amount of pressure thereon a depressible pin . the pin &# 39 ; s motion is transferred by a linkage mechanism to a release mechanism , which then disengages an outer cover causing it to fall away and deploy an estrus indicating streamer . the release mechanism may include either a pneumatic or an escapement type release timer which is powered by said linkage and which prevents said linkage from powering said release mechanism until a predetermined period of time has elapsed . the release mechanism may also include a counting mechanism which actuates the release arm only after a predetermined number of successive mountings of said first animal . a second , hydraulic timer , actuated when the outer cover is released , measures the time elapsed since the outer cover &# 39 ; s release .