in referring to the drawings , fig1 shows one jaw advancer 1 of the two required to treat a jaw symmetrically . the jaw advancer has an upper member 2 having an elongated cylindrical shape in the form of an l , when seen from the side . the upper member is generally hollow . the upper member has a head 3 offset and perpendicular to the length of the upper member . the head is generally rounded and has a hole 3 a to admit a mechanical fastener , here shown as a screw 4 . opposite the head , the upper member has a threaded end 5 . the advancer then has a socket 6 , generally cylindrical in shape and also hollow , with two opposed ends . the socket has a threaded end 7 that cooperatively engages the threaded end of the upper member . opposite the threaded end , the socket has a smooth bore 8 . upon the surface of the socket , marks 9 assist an orthodontist , or in some cases a patient , in turning the socket which effectively lengthens the advancer to move the jaw forward . opposite the upper member and the socket , the advancer has a lower member 10 . the lower member has a generally cylindrical shape with a head upon one end and an opposite smooth end . this head 11 is generally rounded and coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the lower member . opposite the head , the smooth end 12 has a generally round cross section that fits into the smooth bore of the socket . upon the lower member , located between the head and the socket , a spring 13 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the lower member and provides an expansive force from the socket to the head 11 of the lower member 10 . this expansive force urges the lower jaw forward and in time the musculature responds and adjusts it position and strength to accommodate a more forward jaw . the head of the lower member admits a mechanical fastener , or screw as at 4 , through a hole 11 a for securement into the lower jaw . fig2 shows the components of the advancer in an exploded view . the upper member 2 has a head 3 outward , offset , and perpendicular from the main portion of the upper member . the head defines the outward portion of the somewhat l shape of the upper member . the head has a generally ring ling shape , rounded for the comfort of the patient . centered upon the head , a hole 3 a admits a mechanical fastener 4 as previously described . the head has a recess around the perimeter of the hole to seat the mechanical fastener flush to the head . the head itself joins to the upper member upon a neck 3 c of lesser width than the diameter of the head . the neck is generally solid in cross section due to the forces imparted by the remainder of the upper member . here shown , the upper member is generally a hollow cylindrical form , as at 2 a , with a threaded end opposite the head . the threaded end 5 extends at least partially along the length of the upper member . the threaded end has an outer diameter similar to the diameter of the upper member without threads . except for the threaded end , the remainder of the upper member is generally rounded and smoothed for the comfort of the patient . in an alternate embodiment , adjacent to the neck and opposite the threaded end , the upper member has a perpendicular tab 14 extending away from the upper member . the tab also has a small hole 14 a for attachment of rubber bands commonly used in orthodontia or for connection to a pick tool used to position the upper member during installation upon a patient . for cooperation with the lower member , the upper member is hollow , as at 2 a , for at least the length of the threaded end and preferably the entire length of the upper member as shown . the hollow portion is generally round of a diameter slightly larger than that of the smooth end 12 of the lower member 10 . then the socket 6 is shown generally between the upper member and the lower member . the socket has a round cylindrical shape , generally hollow , and with two open ends . located towards the upper member , the socket has a threaded opening 7 a that receives the threaded end of the upper member . the threading of the opening and the upper member cooperatively engage so the upper member moves axially out from the socket . generally , the threaded opening extends over half of the length of the socket . opposite the threaded opening , the socket has a smooth bore 8 . the smooth bore has a diameter , as 8 a , slightly larger than that of the lower member . the smooth bore and the lower member cooperate so that the lower member slides into and out of the smooth bore with minimal discomfort to the patient . upon the circumference of the socket and proximate to the end having the smooth bore , the socket has at least three keyholes as at 9 a . the keyholes are arranged radially and permit turning of the socket by a cooperating key [ not shown ]. turning of the socket extends the upper member outwardly thus lengthening the present invention and advancing the jaw to which it is connected . outwards from the smooth bore of the socket , the present invention has the lower member 10 . the lower member is generally a solid round cylinder with an end 12 and an opposite head 11 . the end of the lower member travels within the hollow portion , as at 2 a , of the upper member 2 . inward from the end , the lower member has a shaft 10 a . the shaft slides inward and outward from the smooth bore of the socket 6 as the patient moves his or her jaw in speech and in eating . opposite the end , the lower member has a head 11 generally in line with the shaft , unlike the upper member . the head is rounded for patient comfort and has a central hole that admits a mechanical fastener , such as a screw shown here at 4 . the central hole 11 a has a recess 11 b so the screw fits flush upon the head , also for patient comfort . near where the head joins the shaft , the shaft has a hole 11 c generally perpendicular to the shaft and to the plane of the hole in the head . this hole allows the manufacturer or the orthodontist to fix temporarily the lower member into the socket . between the end and the head , the lower member has a coaxial spring 13 upon the shaft . the spring provides an expansive force upon the socket which eases the lower jaw forward over time . the spring also assists the patient in extending the lower member from the socket during speech and eating . the spring further protects the patient from abruptly closing the lower member into the socket and damaging the present invention 1 or the patient &# 39 ; s jaw structure . as the lower member 10 connects forward and downward from the upper member , the present invention must clear the teeth of a patient . fig3 shows an alternate embodiment of the lower member 10 having a partially arcuate shaft . the shaft bends , as at 10 b , outwardly from the head and away from the teeth . the shaft remains straight following the bend , as at 10 a , generally away from the head . the shaft then carries the spring as before and engages the smooth bore 8 of the socket 6 as before . having described the components of the invention , fig4 shows the present invention installed above and outside the teeth or molars m towards the rear of the upper or maxillary jaw s , part of the skull , and outside the teeth or incisors i of the lower or mandible jaw j of a patient proximate the chin c . this orientation of the invention provides a remedy to overcome an overbite by advancing the mandibular jaw forward . in use , the oral surgeon , in consultation with the orthodontist , determines the attachment points upon the skull and jaw bone on both sides of the patient &# 39 ; s head . following anesthetization of the patient , the oral surgeon then positions the heads of the upper member and the lower member on each side proximate their attachment points , the upper member to the skull above the molars m and the lower member to the jaw bone below the incisors . the oral surgeon then places a mechanical fastener , preferably a screw 4 , through the head of the upper member and into the skull s and a second mechanical fastener , preferably a screw , through the head of the lower member and into the jaw bone j proximate the incisors i . the screws are turned so they are flush in the recesses of the heads , thus minimizing abrasion to the adjacent gums and cheeks , and the tongue . the orthodontist then places the socket 6 with its threaded end 7 upon the threaded end 5 of the upper member 2 and then the socket with the smooth bore 8 abuts the spring 13 and receives the smooth end 12 of the lower member 10 . the orthodontist then adjusts the socket . the installation is repeated for the other side of the jaw . after the patient recovers from surgery , the orthodontist explains the schedule and method of adjusting the sockets to the patient for moving the lower jaw forward over the time of the treatment . fig5 shows another orientation of the invention , opposite that of fig4 to remedy an underbite by advancing the maxillary jaw forward and to a degree retracting the mandibular jaw . in this orientation , the present invention is installed above and outside the teeth or incisors i towards the front of the upper jaw s , part of the skull towards the nose , and outside the teeth or molars m of the lower or mandible jaw j away from the chin c . as before , the oral surgeon , consulting the orthodontist , determines the attachment points upon the skull and jaw bone on both sides of the patient &# 39 ; s head . following anesthetization of the patient , the oral surgeon then positions the heads of the upper member and the lower member on each side proximate their attachment points , the upper member to the skull above the incisors i and the lower member to the jaw bone below the molars m . the oral surgeon then places a mechanical fastener , preferably a screw 4 , through the head of the upper member and into the skull s and a second mechanical fastener , preferably a screw , through the head of the lower member and into the jaw bone j . once installation is complete , the screws are flush in the recesses of the heads to reduce the abrasion of the adjacent gums and cheeks , and the tongue . the orthodontist then places the socket 6 with its threaded end 7 upon the threaded end 5 of the upper member 2 and then the socket with the smooth bore 8 abuts the spring 13 and receives the smooth end 12 of the lower member 10 . the orthodontist then adjusts the socket . the installation is repeated for the other side of the jaw . after the patient recovers from surgery , the orthodontist explains the schedule and method of adjusting the sockets to the patient for moving the upper jaw forward during the treatment plan . though mechanical fastening of the present invention to the bones of the skull has been described , alternatively the present invention installs upon a patient using bands , one band at each head . a band encircles a tooth to provide a structural and solid platform for connection of the present invention . a band is generally a hollow cylinder of a rigid but shapeable material that conforms to the outer surface of a tooth . the band has a pin extending outwardly therefrom generally upon the surface of the band to be located upon the outside face of a tooth . the pin has a generally solid cylindrical form of sufficient length to fit within the heads of the upper member and the lower member . to prevent detachment of the present invention , the pin has an axial threaded hole that receives a screw with a flattened head . the flattened head rests upon the outside of the head of the upper member and the head of the lower member . the flattened edge is generally flush to prevent abrasion of adjacent cheek and gum tissue of the patient . variations or modifications to the subject matter of this development may occur to those skilled in the art upon review of the invention as described herein . such variations , if within the spirit of this development , are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the invention as explained . the description of the preferred embodiment and as shown in the drawings , are set forth for illustrative purposes only to show the principle of this maxillary arch expander not attached to a patient &# 39 ; s teeth .
a jaw advancer connects to the skull , maxilla jaw , and the jawbone , mandibular jaw , without contacting the teeth of a patient . each advancer , of a pair , has a hollow upper member with a head to admit a screw into the maxilla and an opposite threaded end , a socket having a threaded end that admits the upper member and an opposite smooth bore , and a lower member with a head to admit a screw into the mandible and an opposite smooth end that fits into the smooth bore . the lower member has a coaxial spring that provides an expansive force to the lower jaw and that cushions the socket . the lower member slides within the hollow portion of the upper member when the patient moves the advancer . the head of the upper member attaches proximate the molars of the maxilla to advance the mandible and attaches proximate to the incisors of the maxilla to retract the mandible . alternatively , the lower member has a slight curve to separate it from the teeth .