the present invention uses ink jet printing technology to dispense a variety of compositions including , but not limited to , fluids containing vitamins , minerals , or fluoride for use in connection with water treatment systems , liquid cosmetics such as lipstick , lip gloss , eyeliner , and blush ; fragrances ; personal care products such as lotions , creams , moisturizers , and sunscreens ; and home care products such as multi - purpose cleaners and air fresheners . the ink jet head may use a magneto - restrictive alloy , thermal , solenoid , or piezoelectric technology . for purposes of illustrating the present invention in detail , an exemplary piezoelectric system for custom formulating liquid foundation will be described . piezoelectric technology uses piezo crystals which receive a tiny electric charge causing the crystals to vibrate . at one instance , the crystal pulls back to allow fluid into the reservoir . at another instance , the crystal fires back into its original position exerting a mechanical pressure on the fluid which forces a tiny amount of fluid out of the nozzle . the typical ink jet head forces out small droplets of fluid , generally between 50 to 60 microns in diameter . now referring to fig1 a perspective view of one embodiment of the multi - chambered dispenser 2 is shown . the dispenser 2 has a cap 4 and a power button 6 . fig2 shows the back view of the dispenser . the dispenser has a device or control panel 8 for specifying a shade of liquid cosmetic . the control panel 8 may include several buttons that function to increase or decrease the amount of liquid that is dispensed from the cartridges 14 a - 14 d . a removable cover or door 10 may partially or wholly cover the control panel 8 . fig3 shows the bottom view of the dispenser 2 showing a dispensing port 12 . referring to fig4 the multi - chambered dispenser 2 houses four cartridges 14 a , 14 b , 14 c , 14 d that contain a different color of liquid foundation . each cartridge 14 a - 14 d may hold about 1 ml to about 15 ml of liquid foundation . the cartridges 14 a - 14 d are pressurized so the liquid foundation contained therein can easily pass out of the cartridges 14 a - 14 d and into its corresponding flow path 16 shown in fig5 . [ 0019 ] fig5 is a schematic drawing of a piezoelectric system showing only one cartridge 14 a and corresponding flow path 16 and a piezoelectric ink jet head 40 . although the four cartridges 14 a - 14 d in fig4 are not shown , this schematic drawing generally applies to each cartridge 14 a - 14 d . each flow path 16 empties into a corresponding chamber 42 . the cartridges 14 a may also include a plunger 20 for assisting in dispensing liquid from the cartridge to the flow path 16 . preferably , pressurized gas is disposed in a compartment 18 behind the plunger 20 to apply a force to the plunger 20 . in some applications , the pressurized gas can be replaced by a spring or other conventional biasing mechanism . alternatively , the cartridge 14 a may use capillary action to move the liquid foundation into the ink jet head 40 . the cartridge receiving end 22 of the flow path 16 may include a rod shaped plug 24 that breaks the cartridge seal when the cartridge 14 a is coupled to the receiving end 22 of the flow path 16 as well as an o - ring 26 . o - ring 26 surrounds the outside of the cartridge to prevent the liquid from leaking out around the edge of the cartridge 14 a . the seal may be a spring - loaded ball 28 as shown in fig5 a conventional foil seal , or natural surface tension . the cartridge 14 a may be threaded or otherwise coupled to the receiving end 22 of the flow path 16 . in another embodiment of the present invention , one cartridge 14 a may feed into multiple ink jet heads 40 . for example , each cartridge 14 a - 14 d might have three flow paths 16 , each leading into a separate ink jet head 40 ( not shown ). these multiple ink jet heads 40 are configured such that the colors of the liquid foundation are interlaced . because ink jet print heads dispense extremely small dots of color onto a printing surface , typically between 50 and 60 microns in diameter ( which is smaller than the diameter of a human hair ), dispersal of interlaced colors of foundation in the palm of a user &# 39 ; s hand will provide a more blended appearance than a non - interlaced pattern . an example of an interlaced pattern is illustrated below : in yet another embodiment , the orifice 46 of each ink jet head is angled such that each foundation color collides with another color upon dispersal out of the orifice 46 ( not shown ). in still yet another embodiment , the orifice 46 of ink jet head 40 is fluidly connected to a corresponding exit flow path . each exit flow path merges into a single mixing chamber allowing the colors to be mixed before exiting the dispensing port 6 ( not shown ). it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that depending on the type of composition dispensed from the present device , the number of cartridges will vary to satisfy the various shade , nutrients , sunscreen , or fragrances desired for that liquid composition . for example , if a dispenser for customized levels of sunscreen protection is manufactured , there may be a cartridge for the uva / uvb protectant composition and a cartridges for the other ingredients . the dispersal of uva / uvb would differ for each level of sunscreen a user desires . another example is water treatment systems having the present invention to add desired vitamins and minerals . a separate cartridge may exist for the various vitamins and minerals so a user can choose a desired formula for the water he / she obtains from the water treatment system . for liquid foundation , the colors that are necessary to achieve the array of shades to match various skin tones are red , white , yellow , and black . preferred ratios of the red , white , yellow , and black foundation pre - mixes for exemplary shades are as follows . all percentages are by total weight unless otherwise indicated . table 2 white pre - mix ( water in cyclomethicone ) in the oil phase cyclomethicone 11 . 75 cyclomethicone ( and ) 10 . 00 dimethicone copolyol sorbitan trioleate 0 . 20 tocopheryl acetate 0 . 25 acrylates copolymer 10 . 00 ( and ) cyclomethicone colorant section iron oxides , titanium dioxide ( and ) 10 . 00 magnesium myristate active ingredient zinc oxide ( and ) 3 . 0 dimethicone , hydrophobic ultra fine phenylbenzimidazole 3 . 00 sulfonic acid triethanolamine 1 . 93 methylparaben 0 . 20 propylparaben 0 . 06 glycerin , 96 % 2 . 00 green tea extract in 1 . 00 butylene glycol lactobacillus / acerola cherry 1 . 00 ferment alpha - glucan 2 . 00 oligosaccharide peg - 150 / decyl 1 . 00 alcohol / smdi copolymer in propylene glycol and water benzyl alcohol 1 . 00 in the water phase water , purified 41 . 61 total 100 % red pre - mix ( suspension ) di water 79 . 60 % gellan gum ( kelco gel ) ( monsanto ) 0 . 20 red iron oxide ( rnd - dc00 ) 20 . 00 49 . 1 % solids ( sun chemical ) diazolidinyl urea ( and ) iodopropynyl 0 . 20 butylcarbamate total 100 % yellow pre - mix ( water in oil emulsion ) in the water phase purified water 49 . 10 % sodium chloride 0 . 50 disodium edta 0 . 20 diazolidinyl urea and iodopropynyl 0 . 20 butylcarbamate colorant section yellow i . o ./ isononyl isononanoate / 14 . 81 isopropyl titanium triisostearate ( kobo ) in the oil phase peg - 30 dipolyhydroxystearate 3 . 00 polyglyceryl - 2 triisostearate 2 . 00 isononyl isononanoate 30 . 19 total 100 % black pre - mix ( oil in water emulsion ) in the water phase di water 66 . 73 % disodium edta 0 . 15 glycereth - 26 3 . 00 xanthan gum 0 . 15 in the oil phase capric / caprylic triglycerides 5 . 10 isononyl isononaoate 5 . 10 polyglyceryl - 2 triisostearate 1 . 82 polysorbate 60 1 . 75 colorant iron oxide and isononyl isononanoate and 16 . 00 titanium triisostearate ( kobo ) diazolidinyl urea and 0 . 20 iodopropynyl butylcarbamate total 100 % for the typical foundation in the medium range of shades , the most dominant color is white . although it takes white , yellow , red and black to permit the system to make all shades , most shades are predominantly white . if four cartridges of equal volume containing foundations of white , yellow , red and black were used to formulate the most common shades , white would be depleted very rapidly with black far outlasting the other colors . to account for this , a manufacturer may premix white with the other colors in an inverse ratio to frequency of use . for example , white would be 100 % white , yellow would be approximately 50 % white and 50 % yellow , red would be 35 % red and 65 % white , and black would be 20 % black and 80 % white . in this way , a fairly even use up rate can be achieved for all colors . still referring to fig5 when a user of the present invention uses the control panel 8 to input a formula comprising a ratio of each foundation from the cartridge , the formula is received by a microprocessor (“ cpu ”) 30 . the cpu 30 processes the inputted information and controls the amount of power generated from the power source 32 in activating the ink jet head 40 . fluid in the chamber 42 of the ink jet head 40 is subsequently dispelled by a change in the momentum of a momentum transferring device such as a piezo crystal 44 which is opposite the orifice 46 of the ink jet head 40 . this abrupt change in momentum is conferred to the static liquid within the chamber 42 causing it to assume this momentum and propel from the orifice 46 . a typical orifice of an ink jet head is about 0 . 002 inches in diameter . the orifice 46 of an ink jet head for dispensing liquid foundation is preferably about 0 . 007 inches to about 0 . 008 inches in diameter . further , due to the rheology of liquid foundation , it is preferable to incorporate more than one momentum transferring device to assist in propelling fluid out of the chamber 42 . the size of the orifice 46 and the use of multiple momentum transferring devices are distinctions in the present invention from conventional ink jet technology . this momentum can be conferred by a thermal system , solenoid actuator , piezo crystal or magneto - restrictive alloy . any combination of the aforementioned momentum transferring devices can be employed in the present invention . [ 0026 ] fig5 is a piezoelectric ink jet head 40 for the present invention and uses a piezo crystal 44 . the ink jet head 40 includes a piezo crystal 44 that reacts to an electrical impulse communicated through the cpu 30 by the power source 32 . when the piezo crystal 44 receives the electrical impulse , the impulse reconfigures the piezo crystal 44 . the continual reconfiguration results in the piezo crystal 44 oscillating up and down . the piezo crystal 44 may oscillate at about 2 , 000 hertz via electrical impulse from the power source 32 . the liquid foundation enters the ink jet head through a one way path on the uppermost layer of the piezo crystal 44 . a flexible film 48 may be provided near the entry of the chamber 42 of the ink jet head 40 to assist in controlling the flow of liquid foundation through the flow path 16 and chamber 42 until it reaches the orifice 46 . the force of the piezo crystal 44 while oscillating in a downward direction assists in transferring the liquid foundation out the orifice 46 of the ink jet head 40 . the piezo crystal 44 in this embodiment acts as the momentum transferring device . because the fluid is not being actively pumped from a nozzle , measuring the quantity of dispensed fluid is preferably not achieved by using a flow meter . rather , in a preferred embodiment , metering relies on a calculation of the volume of the chamber 42 in relation to the number of times it is struck by the momentum transferring device . some work may go into making sure that liquids of varying rheology consistently dispense with a fixed volume . once this volume is known , one can achieve a desired ratio of liquids simply by controlling the oscillations of the momentum transferring device . in a preferred embodiment , the liquid foundation dispenses from the orifice 46 in the form of spherical droplets of finite volume . in a preferred embodiment , there are approximately 50 , 000 drops that total approximately 0 . 1 ml for each cycle or for each time a user activates the dispenser . exemplary drops for each pre - mix foundation and volume of premix per drop for sample colors are shown in table 3 . this table represents values achieved in a preferred embodiment . droplet size may vary from application to application depending on the characteristics of the ink jet head ( e . g . ink jet orifice diameter ) and the dispensed liquid ( e . g . rheology and viscosity ). the values in table 3 are achieved by an enlarged ink jet having an orifice diameter of about 0 . 007 to about 0 . 008 inches . other types of ink jet head systems may be employed for the present invention . fig6 shows a single solenoid ink jet head 40 b . in this embodiment , the momentum transferring device is a solenoid actuator 44 b . the electrical impulse from the power source 32 activates a coil 50 that generates a magnetic field , causing the solenoid actuator 44 b to draw into the coil 50 . a flexible film 48 b may be provided near the entry of the chamber 42 b of the ink jet head 40 b to assist in controlling the flow of liquid foundation through the flow path 16 b and the chamber 42 b until it reaches the orifice 46 b . when the solenoid actuator 44 b releases from the coil 50 , the solenoid actuator 44 b assists in forcing the liquid foundation out of the orifice 46 b . [ 0030 ] fig7 shows a dual valve solenoid - piezo embodiment of an ink jet head 40 c . in this embodiment , a piezoelectric ink jet head 40 is used in combination with a solenoid ink jet head 40 b . the liquid foundation flows into the solenoid ink jet head 40 b and then into the piezoelectric ink jet head 40 for final momentum out of the orifice 46 . similarly , other multi valve ink jet systems can be employed for the present invention . one with ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any combination of thermal , piezo , solenoid , and magneto - restrictive alloy may be incorporated into the ink jet head . it is envisioned that the present invention is adapted to be connected to a stand alone or remote computer . formula information may be stored in the computer &# 39 ; s hardware , software , or a website set up for the current dispenser . it is also contemplated that the computer having the stored formula information may be a colorimeter or a spectrophotometer . the dispenser may have a plug - in for hooking the computer up to the dispenser , such as a usb port , serial port , parallel port or other communications port . in operation , the user might choose a shade using the computer which would then download the particular formula into a cpu in the dispenser for immediate dispensing of the desired shade . the computer may include a database of pre - created formula or may create the formula in real time through user interaction . the computer may also permit the user to directly enter a formula . the dispenser cpu may include software for converting formulae received from the computer into ink jet head instructions . alternatively , the computer may convert the formulae into ink jet head instructions that are transmitted to and executed by the dispenser cpu . additionally , it is envisioned that the present invention can be programmed by a personal data assistant using infrared technology whereby the user can input the desired formula into the personal data assistant and transmit that data through an infrared receiving port of the multi - chambered dispenser . while in the foregoing specification this invention has been described in relation to certain preferred embodiments thereof , and many details have been set forth for the purpose of illustration , it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is susceptible to alteration and that certain other details described herein can vary considerably without departing from the basic principles of the invention .
the present invention is directed to a multi - chambered dispenser for blending and dispensing a customized liquid product such as a liquid cosmetic foundation . the dispenser includes a device for selecting a customized liquid formula ; a plurality of cartridges separately containing pre - mix compositions for the customized liquid product ; at least one ink jet head in fluid communication with the cartridges ; a central processing unit for processing the customized liquid formula and activating the ink jet head ; whereby the ink jet head dispenses the pre - mix compositions in accordance with the customized liquid formula to provide a customized liquid product .