following are more detailed description , in combination with the experimental results , of the abovementioned and other technical characteristics and advantages of this invention . fucoxanthin is extracted from a group of following algae : kelp , gulfweed , bladder - wrack , myosoton aquaticum , podocystis , chorda filum , undaria pinnatifida , bull - kelp , carrageen , sargassum kjellmanianum , saltwort , sargassum pallidum and diatom . the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include any solvent , dispersion medium , coating material , sweetener , etc . said adjuvants specifically include but are not restricted within the following a group of substances : diluting liquids , adhesives , lubricants , dispersants , colorants , expanders , flavoring materials , sweeteners and other composite materials normally used for specific therapy , such as buffering agents and adsorbents . the said adjuvants are added into the composition using the conventional techniques in this field . the composition stated in this invention can be prepared as any kind of common preparation , such as tablets , capsules , medicinal granules , oral liquids , suspensions and emulsion . preferably , it can be prepared as hard - and soft capsules , medicinal granules and oral liquids . in this invention , appropriate ethanol water solution can be used to extract sea algae to obtain fucoxanthin extract , by adsorption of the fucoxanthins onto a separation medium , eluting with appropriate solvent , and subsequent concentration of the eluant , red fucoxanthin extract can be obtained . specific preparation method can be referred to the chinese patent application no . cn200810226391 . 3 ( a method for the purification of fucoxanthin ). after adding emulsifier , fucoxanthin thus obtained is emulsified uniformly , fucoidan and denaturated starch are subsequently added , stirred up , the mixture is spray dried . the spray dried powder is added with appropriate pharmaceutically accepted adjuvants , to prepare preparations for intestinal tract , including oral liquids , tablets , soft - and hard capsules and drop pills etc . by mixing fucoxanthin and tocotrienols evenly , added with edible oil or median chain triglyceride oil , it is also possible to produce soft capsules , or the mixture can be emulsified into oil - in - water emulsion , and then added denaturated starch with stirred up , and subsequently spray dried . the spray dried powder is added with appropriate pharmaceutically accepted adjuvants to prepare preparations for intestinal tract , including oral liquids , tablets , soft - and hard capsules and drop pills etc . the preparations may also be made by mixing fucoxanthin and tocotrienols evenly , the mixture is added with fucoidan and denaturated starch , stirred up , and subsequently spray dried . the spray dried powder is added with appropriate pharmaceutically accepted adjuvants to prepare preparations for intestinal tract , including oral liquids , tablets , soft - and hard capsules and drop pills etc . the preparations may also be made by mixing tween80 and peg 400 , stirred up thoroughly , the mixture is then added with vegetable oil or median chain triglyceride oil , and subsequently with fucoxanthin , tocotrienols , fucoidan and appropriate amount of thickener such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose , acacia gum and agar . the mixture is stirred up thoroughly and is then homogenized using a colloid mill or homogenizer . subsequently , soft capsules can be produced by using glutin and glycerol as capsule shell material according to the manufacture method of soft capsules . the preparations may also be made by dissolving fucoxanthin with organic solvents . the solution is added with an organic solution containing tocotrienols , subsequently fucoidan water solution and appropriate emulsifier , such as tween or span and denaturated starch water solution etc . the mixture is concentrated to a certain degree under reduced pressure and spray dried . the dried powder is added with silica and talcum powder , stirred up and milled thoroughly . this powder can be made into common preparations such as water - soluble beverages , medicinal granules and capsules according to the common procedures . following are further descriptions of this invention by examples . it should be understood that these examples are intended to exemplify the invention , not to restrict the protection range of this invention . test substances : formulations are prepared according to the ratios shown in table 4 formulations for feeding animals : high - fat feed is composed of 80 % basic feed , 10 % lard and 10 % yolk powder . grouping and treatment of the test animals : 80 grown - up male healthy sd clean grade rats ( body weight 180 - 210 g ) are adaptively fed with basic feed for a week , 10 are used as basic feed control , the rest are fed with high - fat feed . a month later , the group of rats fed with high - fat feed is randomly grouped into 7 groups according to their weights , 10 in each group : model control , fucoxanthin ( a ), tocotrienols ( b ), fucoidan ( c ), composition a + b + c , composition a + b and composition a + c . the group of basic feed keeps on feeding with basic feed , the rest groups are fed with high - fat feeds . the groups of basic feed and model control are intragastrically administrated with distilled water , the rest groups are intragastrically administrated with tested medicines , all administrated for 30 d . the groups of animals are raised in different cages in rooms with the temperature conditioned at ( 22 ± 2 ) ° c . and under natural illumination . the rats take food and water freely . each week , their body weights are measured and the amounts of food they take are observed and recorded . they are weighted after feeding for 30 d . statistical analysis : the variance from the data collected in this experiment is analyzed with sas package , dunnett &# 39 ; s t test is used to compare statistically the results from different groups , the results of p & lt ; 0 . 05 is decided as statistically significant . the results : according to the experimental results , the food - intake of the groups of rats did not change with the time they were administrated with medicines , thus no statistical significance is detected and this is no longer depicted later on . from table 5 it can be seen that when the experiment finished , the difference in weights of the animals in model control was statistically significant ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ), this means that the modeling of rat obesity promotion model was successful . at the same time , weights of rats in a + b + c , a + b , a + c groups decreased further and differed from the model control ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 , p & lt ; 0 . 01 ), this means that the composition containing fucoxanthin ( a ) had weight reducing effect on obese rats , and the weight reducing effects of composition a + b + c , a + b , a + c were more significant than fucoxanthin ( a ) alone ( p & lt ; 0 . 01 ). the procedure was the same as in example 4 . the formulation is shown in table 6 . after feeding for 30 d and weighing , executing all the rats , the abdomen fat was peeled off and weighed accurately . statistical analysis was carried out as in example 4 the results : from table 7 it can be seen that body weights , weights of abdomen fat as well as the ratios of abdomen fat weight / body weight of the animals in model control groups were statistically significant ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) in comparison with the group fed with basic feed , this means that the modeling of rat obesity promotion model was successful . in the meantime , body weights , weights of abdomen fat as well as the ratios of abdomen fat weight / body weight of rats in a + b + c , a + b , a + c and a groups decreased further ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) and differed from the model control , this means that the composition containing fucoxanthin ( a ) had weight reducing effect on obese rats , and the weight reducing effects of composition a + b + c , a + c , a + b were more significant than fucoxanthin ( a ) alone . the procedure was the same as in example 4 . the formulation is shown in table 8 . after feeding for 30 days and weighing , executing all the rats , the fat pads around the testicles were peeled off and weighed accurately . statistical analysis was carried out as in example 4 . the results : from table 9 it can be seen that body weights , the ratios of fat pad weights around testicles / body weight of the animals in model control groups were statistically significant ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) in comparison with the group fed with basic feed , this means that the modeling of rat obesity promotion model was successful . at the same time , body weights , the fat pad weights around the testicles as well as the ratio of fat pad weight around the testicles / body weight of rats in a + b + c , a + b , a + c and a groups decreased ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) and differed from the model control , this means that the composition containing fucoxanthin ( a ) had weight reducing effect on obese rats , and the weight reducing effects of the composition were more significant than fucoxanthin ( a ) alone . the procedure was the same as in example 4 . the formulation is shown in table 10 . after feeding for 30 d and weighing , executing all the rats , the fat pads around the kidneys were taken out and weighed accurately . statistical analysis was carried out as in example 4 . the results : from table 11 it can be seen that body weights , the fat pad weights around the kidneys as well as the ratios of fat pad weights around the kidneys / body weight of the animals in model control groups were statistically significant ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) in comparison with the group fed with basic feed , this means that the modeling of rat obesity promotion model was successful . at the same time , body weights , the fat pad weights around the kidneys as well as the ratio of fat pad weight around the kidneys / body weight of rats in a + b + c , a + c , a + b and a groups decreased ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) and differed from the model control , this means that the composition containing fucoxanthin ( a ) had weight reducing effect on obese rats , and the weight reducing effects of the composition were more significant than fucoxanthin ( a ) alone . to examine the weight reducing effect of fucoxanthin composition by means of random control method , 20 eligible test subjects of the age of 20 to 50 were divided into 5 groups , a + b + c , a + c , a + b , a , b + c , with random figure table method . the number of the subjects in each group was n = 4 . the daily doses of the medicines taken by the subjects were according to table 12 . apart from being administrated with each of the different tested medicines at the breakfast time according to the set way of taking the medicine , other normal life style and dietetic habit of the subjects were not changed . no low - calorie food recipe was required , no restriction to the food and drink was executed and no extra physical training was carried out . to examining the effect of sampling of the medicine , the subjects were respectively examined before sampling of the medicine and 1 month , 2 and 3 months after the sampling . that is , the bodyweight , waist - and hiplines , blood sugar and blood fat were measured , abdomen ct scanning was carried out and so on . the subjects were periodically followed - up to find out the experiences and to supervise and guarantee compliance of the customers in taking the medicine . for the test , those suffered from serious metabolic diseases that need medicinal control and those taken other weight reducing products had been excluded . instrument : ct model pronto ; hitachi , japan . 120 kv , 175 ma layer thickness of the scanning : 10 mm scanning in the umbilical cross - section attenuation of the adipose tissue : − 250 ˜− 50 hu ( ct unit ) calculation of the fat areas : total abdomen fat , visceral - and subcutaneous fat ( mm 2 ) using ct scanning , total fat - as well as visceral fat areas were marked out across the umbilical cross - section , the areas were measured respectively , the area of subcutaneous fat was obtained as the difference of both areas . the changes of body weights , abdomen total fat areas , visceral fat areas as well as subcutaneous fat areas of the test subjects before and after clinic experiments are shown in tables 13 and 14 . the results of ct scanning showed that body weights , weights of total abdomen fat , the weights of visceral - and subcutaneous fat of rats fed with the composition containing fucoxanthin all decreased . the effect reduced body weight by the composition of fucoxanthin is correlated with the decrease of abdomen fat . the effects of a + b + c , a + c , a + b , and a groups are more significant than b + c group ( p & lt ; 0 . 05 ) and the weight reducing effects of compositions were more significant than fucoxanthin ( a ) alone . the indices of weight reducing effect of the a + b + c group is significantly superior to other groups , followed by the a + b group and followed by the a + c group . no abnormity has been found in blood routine examination , urine routine examination , liver function , blood pressure , heart rate and blood sugar . in the follow - up questionnaires , some questions were set up to find out the experiences as well as compliance of the customers in taking the medicine . the results of the questionnaire are as follows : no phenomena of restraining of appetite , nausea , vomiting , discomfort of stomach and intestines happened in the digestive systems of the customers . no phenomena of thirst , polyuria and frequent urination happened . no phenomena of dysphoria , insomnia and night sweat happened in the psychosis . no phenomena of rise of blood pressure and heart rate or heart - throb and dizziness happened . unlike traditional weight reducing products of the appetite restraining type functioning by means of the control of fat intake , the weight reducing effect of fucoxanthin composition is based on the fat metabolism and is not related to appetite , therefore , theoretically , unlike other weight reducing products that will cause the resumption of the appetite , and hence the body weight rebound after giving up taking the medicine , fucoxanthin compositions will exert continuous weight reducing effect and they can eliminate various unfavorable side effects . when the fucoxanthin compositions are stopped administering for a month , the body weight of subjects does not rebound and therefore it is unnecessary to change the life style , to resort to be on diet or clapped - out physical exercise . the medicines can be taken by way of single doses as well as multiple doses , this makes fucoxanthin preparations more convenient . therefore , the composition composed of fucoxanthin and fucoidan , of fucoxanthin and tocotrienol , and of fucoxanthin , fucoidan and tocotrienol are types of safe , effective and convenient ideal weight reducing product . fucoxanthin compositions have more significant weight reducing effect than fucoxanthin alone . it can be taken reassuringly by those populations taking health - care , reducing weight and taking other medicines in same time and the weight reducing effect is trustworthy . these weight reducing compositions can also be applied as food additives , foodstuffs , health products , and medicines . the above are preferable examples of this invention , which are intended to exemplify the invention , not to restrict the protection range of this invention . within the spirit and scope limited by the claims of the present invention , the person skilled in the art can make lots of change , modification , which should be fallen within the protection scope of the invention .
a method of reducing a weight of a subject includes administering to the subject in need thereof a composition comprised of fucoxanthin extract and at least one selected from the group consisting of tocotrienol , fucoidan and a combination thereof , wherein the subject is a mammal .