referring to the drawings in detail , pedals 50 , 52 are shown in fig1 in their most forward and rearward positions of the preferred embodiment . during operation of the exercise apparatus , pedals 50 , 52 follow the inclined elliptical pedal curve 5 for the toe and 3 for the heel . the lower leg 7 and upper leg 9 are shown in the lowermost contact with pedal 50 while lower leg 7 ′ and upper leg 9 ′ are shown in the uppermost contact with pedal 52 . the angles 4 , 6 as measured from the pedal 50 , 52 surface to the lower leg 7 , 7 ′ remain close to 90 degrees during operation for effective force transfer during load but can articulate approximately plus or minus 10 degrees to exercise the ankle and lower leg muscles . note that elongate heel curve 3 is longer than elongate toe curve 5 . handles 62 , 64 follow arcuate path 11 coordinated with the movement of pedals 50 , 52 . locking devices 24 , 26 can be loosened to allow handles 62 , 64 to slide relative to handle supports 66 , 68 to bring the arcuate path 11 closer or further away from the operator as desired . handles 60 , 62 can also be removed from handle supports 66 , 68 if desired . shroud 8 is slotted to allow movement of handle supports 66 , 68 and foot supports 54 , 56 . with either handle 62 , 64 forward , an operator can easily step into the seat or with handles 62 , 64 positioned side by side , an operator can step through from either side for easy ingress and egress . referring to the forward portion of the preferred embodiment shown in fig2 and 3 , pedals 50 , 52 are attached to inclined foot support members 54 , 56 which are connected to coupler links 58 , 60 at pivots 31 , 33 and to first rocker links 28 , 30 at pivots 95 , 97 . first rocker links 28 , 30 are connected to frame member 55 at pivot 35 . coupler links 58 , 60 are connected to crank arms 20 , 22 at pivots 21 , 23 and to second rocker links 80 , 82 at pivots 25 , 27 . second rocker links 80 , 82 are attached to frame member 57 at pivot 81 . crank arms 20 , 22 are connected generally opposed in crank bearing housing 90 forming a crank pivot axis . crank bearing housing 90 is attached to frame members 71 and 73 . crank arms 20 , 22 , coupler links 58 , 60 , and second rocker links 80 , 82 form a crank - rocker mechanism where the pivots 31 , 33 located upon coupler links 58 , 60 follow an elliptical path ( not shown for clarity ). the elliptical motion of coupler link pivots 31 , 33 impart elliptical motion to foot support members 54 , 56 along with pedals 50 , 52 . during operation , pedals 50 , 52 articulate providing modest dorsi - flexion and plantar flexion foot rotation about the ankle . crank arms 20 , 22 and coupler links 58 , 60 are shown in toggle positions in fig2 and 3 . an operator seated in seat 49 with feet positioned on pedals 50 , 52 could have difficulty overcoming the toggle position during startup . to avoid a difficult start , handles 62 , 62 are somewhat out of phase with pedals 50 , 52 to move crank arms 20 , 22 for better force transmission from the coupler links 58 , 60 to crank arms 20 , 22 once the feet are applying force upon pedals 50 , 52 . pulley 10 is attached to crank arm 22 to rotate about the pivot axis . flywheel 17 is connected to frame member 78 at pivot 37 and is engaged with pulley 10 by belt 19 . once the pedals 50 , 52 are moving , the momentum of flywheel 17 supplies energy to drive through the toggle positions without notice by the operator . adjustable load resistance is provided by friction band 69 acting upon flywheel 17 with spring 34 and adjustment knob 18 . frame members 72 , 74 are configured to rest on a horizontal surface and are connected by frame member 70 . frame members 55 , 57 , 70 , 71 , 73 , 75 , 76 , and 79 are interconnected for the framework . seat 49 as shown in fig1 is movably attached to frame member 70 by seat support 99 for adjustment of operator leg length . rotation device 2 allows seat 49 to swivel for side access . arm exercise is provided by handles 62 , 64 shown in fig1 , 2 and 3 . handles 62 , 64 are adjustably connected to handle supports 66 , 68 . first arm links 40 , 42 are connected to handle supports 66 , 68 at pivots 61 , 63 and to frame member 75 at pivots 41 , 43 . first arm links 40 , 42 further extend beyond pivots 41 , 43 to connect to connector links 92 , 94 at pivots 13 , 15 . connector links 92 , 94 are connected to foot support members 54 , 56 at pivots 91 , 93 . second arm links 44 , 46 are connected to handle supports 66 , 68 at pivots 65 , 67 and to frame member 75 at pivots 45 , 47 . referring to fig4 and 5 , pedals 50 , 52 are shown in their most forward and rearward positions of the first alternate embodiment . during operation of the exercise apparatus , pedals 50 , 52 follow the inclined elliptical pedal curve 115 . the lower leg 7 and upper leg 9 are shown in the lowermost contact with pedal 50 while lower leg 7 ′ and upper leg 9 ′ are shown in the uppermost contact with pedal 52 . the angles 4 , 6 as measured from the pedal 50 , 52 surface to the lower leg 7 , 7 ′ remain close to 90 degrees during operation for effective force transfer during load but can articulate to exercise the ankle and lower leg muscles . handles 62 , 64 follow arcuate path 11 coordinated with the movement of pedals 50 , 52 . locking devices 24 , 26 can be loosened to allow handles 62 , 64 to slide relative to handle supports 66 , 68 to bring the arcuate path 11 closer or further away from the operator as desired . handles 60 , 62 can also be removed from handle supports 66 , 68 if desired . with either handle 62 , 64 forward , an operator can easily step into the seat or with handles 62 , 64 positioned side by side , an operator can step through from either side for easy ingress and egress . pedals 50 , 52 are attached to foot supports 102 , 104 which are connected to coupler links 58 , 60 at pivots 31 , 33 and to guide links 106 , 108 at pivots 101 , 103 . coupler links 58 , 60 are connected to crank arms 20 , 22 at pivots 21 , 23 and to rocker links 80 , 82 at pivots 25 , 27 . rocker links 80 , 82 are attached to frame member 57 at pivot 81 . guide links 106 , 108 are pivotally connected to rocker links 80 , 80 at pivots 105 , 107 . crank arms 20 , 22 can be connected generally opposed in crank bearing housing 90 forming a crank pivot axis or crank arms 20 , 22 can be connected so as to be non - parallel for easy start up in a toggle position of a pedal . crank bearing housing 90 is attached to frame members 71 and 73 . crank arms 20 , 22 , coupler links 58 , 60 , and rocker links 80 , 82 form a crank - rocker linkage where the pivots 31 , 33 located upon coupler links 58 , 60 follow an elliptical path ( not shown for clarity ). the elliptical motion of coupler link pivots 31 , 33 impart elliptical motion to foot support members 102 , 104 along with pedals 50 , 52 . during operation , pedals 50 , 52 articulate providing modest dorsi - flexion and plantar flexion foot rotation about the ankle . crank arms 20 , 22 and coupler links 58 , 60 are shown in toggle positions in fig2 and 3 . an operator seated in seat 49 with feet positioned on pedals 50 , 52 could have difficulty overcoming the toggle position during startup except that pedal 52 positions lower leg 7 ′ such that the lower leg 7 ′ is tangent to elongate curve 115 allowing force transfer for startup . the drive system and framework is the same as the preferred embodiment . arm exercise is the same as the preferred embodiment except that connecting links 110 , 112 are connected to rocker links 80 , 82 at pivots 25 , 27 . referring to fig6 for the second alternate embodiment , pedal 50 is shown in the lowermost position while pedal 52 is shown off the uppermost position of the elongate curve 117 . this occurs because crank arms 20 and 22 are connected at the pivot axis so as to be non - parallel . pedal 52 positions the lower leg 7 ′ tangent to elongate curve 117 for easy startup . handle 64 is shown positioned off the end of arcuate path 11 allowing force transfer from the arms to aid in toggle startup . guides 106 , 108 are now connected to frame member 79 at pivot 123 and to foot supports 120 , 122 at pivots 119 , 121 . foot supports 120 , 122 are connected to coupler links 58 , 60 at pivots 31 , 33 and support pedals 50 , 52 . connecting links 110 , 112 are connected to rocker links 80 , 82 at pivots 25 , 27 and to arm links 40 , 42 at pivots 13 , 15 . the arm exercise linkage system , drive system , and framework is similar to the preferred embodiment of fig1 , 2 and 3 . the seat 49 is shown in fig4 and 6 having knobs 135 which can be loosened to move seat support 130 along frame member 70 . the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics . the described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative , and not restrictive . the scope of the invention is , therefore , indicated by the claims , rather than by foregoing description . all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope .
the present invention relates to a recumbent exercise apparatus that provides elliptical foot exercise with arm exercise . more particularly , the present invention relates to an exercise machine having separately supported pedals for the feet and arm exercise coordinated with the motion of the feet . the pedals articulate to provide lower leg exercise with the heel and toe remaining in contact with the pedal while the pedals move along an inclined elliptical pedal curve . arm exercise is adjustable to accommodate different size operators . a step through region free of linkage is provided for easy ingress and egress .