referring in detail to the drawings , and referring first to fig1 - 4 , the apparatus of the present invention is indicated in its entirety at 16 , andit is shown mounted on a canvas 18 . for purposes of convenience reference will be first made to the canvas , and thereafter the apparatus itself , both as to its character and its mounting on the canvas . the canvas 18 is shown mounted on an easel 20 . the canvas and the easel areof known character , the canvas resting on members 22 and secured thereby tothe easel . the canvas as shown is upright , and nearly vertical , and for convenience herein , it will be referred to as positioned vertically , and other items positioned correspondingly . it will be understood that in any other position , all references are to be interpreted accordingly . the canvas 18 as noted above is of known construction , and it includes a canvas fabric 24 secured to a frame 26 as indicated at 28 . the fabric and the frame together may also be referred to as a canvas structure , for convenience . the fabric presents what is referred to as an art surface 30 , at the front , and the frame 26 is made up of a plurality of stretcher strips 32 secured together , such as by mitered joints 34 . canvases are nowproduced generally in two kinds , having stretcher strips of different dimensions . in one case the stretcher strips are 21 / 4 &# 34 ;× 11 / 4 &# 34 ; in cross - section , and the other 1 5 / 16 &# 34 ;× 7 / 8 &# 34 ;. the former will be referred to herein as the large size and the latter as the small size . both are shown in fig5 indicated at 32a , 32b , respectively . each stretcher strip has a width dimension 36 , a thickness dimension 38 and ( fig2 ) a length dimension 40 . the apparatus of the present invention incorporates a special and novel feature for accommodating each the large and small size stretcher strips , as described fully below . in the following description of the apparatus 16 itself , the order of presentation is not necessarily in the same sequence as in the descriptionof the use thereof , this variation being utilized for facilitating the nature of the structure , and its use . the apparatus 16 includes three main components , namely a clamp 42 which will be referred to herein as a swing clamp , a hand bridge 80 and a pallet46 which may also be referred to as a pallet hat . the clamp 42 ( fig2 ) has a longitudinal axis 48 which will extend front torear perpendicular to the canvas , in its mounted position on the canvas . the clamp 42 includes an outer clamping jaw 50 and an inner clamping jaw 52 . these jaws may be made of suitable material , such as plastic , aluminum , etc . the outer jaw may be a simple rectangular block , and has aninner clamping surface 53 . the inner clamping jaw ( fig1 and 12 ) is generally l - shape having a forward leg 54 and a rear leg 56 . these legs have respective inside surfaces 54a , 56a preferably at a 90 ° angle relative to each other , and these surfaces together are preferably at an angle relative to the respective outer surfaces in the neighborhood of 7 °. a threaded rod 57 ( fig6 , 12 ) is inserted through a hole 58 in the clamp jaw 50 and a threaded hole 58 &# 39 ; ( fig6 ) in clamp jaw 52 , where a nut59 is threaded thereon , and a washer 60 ( fig1 , 12 ) is applied for the wheel to engage . upon turning the threaded rod , the jaws are pulled up together , or released , respectively . the hole 58 is relatively large for enabling limited angular movement of the rod therein . the rod 57 has a thumb wheel 62 for manipulating it . guide pins 61 may be mounted in the outer jaw for guiding the inner jaw . the swing clamp is applied to the canvas as represented in fig1 and 12 where the outer and inner jaws 50 , 52 are applied to the stretcher strip 32 . further reference to this mounting will be made hereinbelow . mounted in the forward end portion of the outer jaw 50 are two sets of guide pins , namely an inner set 63 and an outer set 64 , each set includingtwo pins spaced apart vertically , and the two sets being spaced apart longitudinally or horizontally from front to rear . the pins 63 of the inner set are slidable along their own lengths , i . e ., from left to right in fig1 . this figure shows them in retracted or in active position , extending through the outer surface of the clamp jaw . the pins 64 of the outer set are fixed in position , extending through the inner surface of the clamp jaw . fig1 shows a stretcher strip 32 of large size , and to accommodate this size of stretcher strip , the pins 63 are moved to the right to their inactive position , and the swing clamp is fitted to the stretcher strip in such a manner that the outer pins 64 engage the stretcher strip . fig1 shows the swing clamp mounted on a small stretcher strip , and in this case the guide pins 63 are moved to their inner , active position , andthey engage the small stretcher strip . in either case , i . e ., in mounting on the large stretcher strip of fig1 or the small stretcher strip of fig1 , the inner clamp jaw 52 is appliedto the corresponding inner surface of the stretcher strip and the thumb wheel is tightened , drawing the clamp jaws against the stretcher strip . because the rod 57 is displaced to the exterior of the stretcher strip , upon tightening the thumb wheel , there is a tendency for the clamp jaws toswing about the corresponding corners of the stretcher strips at points 65a , 65b . the dimensions of the inner clamp 52 and the location and large size of the hole 58 are such that the threaded rod 57 assumes an angle relative to the rear surface 65c of the stretcher strip . because of this angular relationship , the wheel engages the washer 60 at point 65d , and thereby holds the outer clamp jaw 50 flat against the outer surface of thestretcher strip and thus the swing clamp as a whole straight in fore - and - aft direction . the angular positioning of the surfaces 54a , 56a aid in this positioning of the outer jaw ; additionally , the pins 63 , or 64 , engaging the front surface of the stretcher strip also aid in holding the swing clamp in the desired position . mounted on the forward end of the outer clamping jaw 50 is a coupler 66 , which may be of plastic material . this coupler is in the form of a block having a vertical hole 67 therethrough , with a vertical slot 69 leading from the hole forwardly , and a pair of cross slots 72 . this coupler is shown in fig1 and 2 in normal position to be referred to again hereinbelow . the coupler 66 is fitted to the forward end of the outer clamp jaw 50 and mounted thereon by means of a rod 74 ( fig5 and 13 ) extending throughthe jaw and into the coupler where a nut 75 is threaded thereon , positionedin a recess in the coupler . on the outer and rear end of the rod is a thumbnut 76 . upon tightening the thumb nut , the coupler is drawn up tight against the jaw , and upon relieving of the thumb nut , the coupler can be rotated to different positions angularly about the axis 7 of the rod whichis parallel with the longitudinal axis 48 . the rod 74 . also mounted in the jaw 50 is another rod 78 , adjacent the side of the jaw , retractably extending into the coupler at 79 to releasably secure the coupler in its normal position . the hand bridge 80 ( fig2 ) is elongated and has a central longitudinal axis 81 . it includes bridging means 83 made up of a pair of vertically spaced elements 84 , which may for example be aluminum tubes , or equivalent . it also includes inner and outer end members 86 , 87 respectively , in which the tubes 84 are secured . the inner end member 86 is cylindrical in shape and has a central vertical axis 89 , this end member serving as a means for mounting the hand bridge as referred to below . the outer end member 87 includes an element 92 mounted directly on the tubes 84 , and another element 93 secured to the element 92 by means of spacer rods 94 . the inner end member 86 and the element 92 are both of greater transverse dimension than the tubes 84 for spacing the tubes above the art surface asillustrated in fig9 . this spacing may be for example on the order of 5 / 8 &# 34 ;. in this case the bridge is positioned and spaced from the art surface a short distance , for using a pencil 95 . it will be noted that thehand as noted at 97 rests on the hand bridge . the outer end element 87 , by means of the spacing of the elements 92 , 93 thereof , serves to space the tubes 84 a greater distance from the art surface . this positioning of the hand bridge is utilized in using a brush 96 , as shown in fig1 , where the brush 96 is held by the hand as at 97 , the hand resting on the tubes which are spaced at a greater distance , in keeping with the usual desired manipulation of a brush , as contrasted to apencil . the vertical dimension ( fig1 ) of the outer element 87 may be as desired , but a convenient spacing may be varying distances of from 5 / 8 &# 34 ; to3 . 5 &# 34 ;. the hand bridge is mounted on the swing clamp by placing the inner end element 86 in the hole 67 in the coupler , in which it is rotatable , enabling swinging of the hand bridge about the axis 89 ( fig2 ). when it is so swung , the rods 84 enter into the cross slots 72 . this swinging movement is represented in fig2 . when the hand bridge is so mounted in the coupler , the elements and components are so arranged so that when the coupler is in its home position , the hand bridge is in a horizontal position as shown in full lines in fig1 . fig1 represents the use of the hand bridge with a vertical canvas , and when mounted in the apparatus . the user rests his hand on the hand bridge , in applying the colors to the canvas , and the hand bridge can be swung vertically as shown in dot - dash lines . this swinging movement is enabled by the rotation of the coupler 66 described above . reference is next made to the pallet 46 which includes a board or board element 102 of suitable material , such as mahogany , or any material that is of course not adversely affected by the paints and related mediums . it is of suitable size for holding in the hand , and mounted on the undersurface is a handle 103 , which is of inverted u - shape ( fig8 ) with atop portion 103a and legs 103b , the legs being parallel and together provided with a larger opening 105 extending therethrough . the handle is secured to the board by a screw 106 threaded into the body portion 103a , asuitable washer 107 being also used . the handle 103 is swingable about the axis 109 extending through the screw , perpendicular to the board , the purpose of this feature being referred to again below . the board is provided with a brush hole 110 adjacent to the mounting screw 106 . the handle 103 is utilized in holding the pallet manually , the user placinghis hand in holding position as indicated at 112 , the board thus being heldindependently of and separate from the other components of the apparatus . in holding the pallet by the handle , contrast is made with the manner in which the pallet was held heretofore , i . e ., by means of the user extendinghis thumb through the hole provided in the pallet . the thumb of course engaged the upper surface of the pallet in holding it , and came in contactwith the paints and other mediums thereon which caused discomfort and oftenserious bad effects in the skin of the user . in the present case the user in holding the pallet has his hand entirely on the underside and does not come in contact with the top surface , or the paint thereon . in the use of the pallet in the manner just referred to , in which the hand is entirely below the pallet board , the user can nevertheless easily hold paint brushes that are not being used at the moment . attention is directedto fig8 where a paint brush 114 is positioned in the brush hole 110 , and the handle is gripped by the hand . in using the pallet , the brush is inserted through the hole and grasped by the hand , and so held until laterwhen it is to be used . thus the user can hold the brush without touching the top surface of the pallet and is thus held by its clean handle . it is pointed out that the opening 105 is relatively large to accommodate several fingers of the user , so that he can hold the pallet firmly . the spacing of the legs 103d of the handle is such that the legs fit over the tubes 84 with a friction fit ( fig2 ). the handle 103 , and thus the pallet as a whole , is slidable along the tubes 84 of the hand bridge for correspondingly sliding the pallet for positioning the pallet adjacent oneside of the canvas or the other . by reason of the rotatability of the pallet board 102 on the handle 103 , the desired edge or side of the pallet can be placed closely adjacent the canvas , and then the hand bridge can be swung toward the canvas an extent depending on the position of the pallet on the hand bridge . thus the arrangement of the hand bridge and pallet can assume four different usages , a ) the hand bridge used alone as in fig9 and 10 , b ) the hand bridge used when mounted on the swing clamp , without the pallet , c ) the pallet mounted on the hand bridge when the hand bridge is mounted on the swing clamp , and d ) the pallet used alone . thus the arrangement of the several components of the apparatus enable great variety in moving and using the parts ; the hand bridge is movable toward and from the canvas , about the vertical axis 89 ( fig2 ); the coupler 66 ( fig2 ) is swingable about the horizontal axis 77 ( fig1 ), and thereby the hand bridge 80 is swingable to upper and lower positions ( fig1 ); the pallet ( fig3 ) is swingable on the hand bridge , about the axis 109 .
a swing clamp detachably clamped onto the frame of a vertical artist &# 39 ; s canvas structure . a hand bridge releasably mounted on the clamp , and movable relative to the art surface , for resting the hand thereon , and also for detachably holding a pallet . the hand bridge can also be used , independently , in placing it above a horizontal art surface , for resting the hand . a pallet can be detachably mounted on the hand bridge and slid therealong and also rotated thereon . the pallet can also be used independently for holding by the hand , by means of a handle entirely under the pallet board .