certain exemplary embodiments will now be described to provide an overall understanding of the principles of the methods and devices disclosed herein . one or more examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings . those skilled in the art will understand that the methods and devices specifically described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non - limiting exemplary embodiments and that the scope of the present invention is defined solely by the claims . the features illustrated or described in connection with one exemplary embodiment may be combined with the features of other embodiments . such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention . in one form , the gaussian lens equation ( for variable media ) can be written as follows : where s is the object distance from the lens , s ″ is the image distance from the lens , tc is central lens thickness and the first surface of radius ( r1 ) is separating a first medium of refractive index ( n ) from a second medium of refractive index ( n ′) and the second surface of radius ( r2 ) is separating the second medium ( n ′) from a third medium of refractive index ( n ″). the above equation can be used for a case where an air lens is disposed within the environment of the eye . in this case , the index ( n ) of the aqueous fluid on one side of the air chamber as well as the index ( n ″) of the aqueous fluid on the other side of the air chamber are each about 1 . 34 while the refractive index ( n ′) for air within the lens chamber is substantially lower ( n = 1 . 0 ). in this embodiment , the lens structure according to the invention is a bubble of air inside lens capsule of the eye , which is otherwise filled with aqueous humor . by employing the general equation above , it is noted that the terms ( n ′- n ) and ( n ″- n ′) are both reversed in sign from a typical case , where ( n ′) is the highest index , such as a simple glass lens in air . as a consequence , the focal length of the lens also has a changed sign from the typical case . however , the sign is reversed again by simply changing the sign of the radius of curvatures of the two surfaces . thus , a biconcave low index air lens that is immersed in a higher index medium behaves like a converging lens . according to the invention , a converging concave ( or preferably biconcave ) lens is built out of air and configured to be placed within the higher refractive index environment of the eye as a replacement for the natural lens to provide the same degree of accommodation ( nominally from about 14 to about 30 diopters depending upon the individual ). additionally , because the air chamber is deformable , radial forces exerted by the cilliary processes on the capsule can be used to change the shape of the air chamber . by changing the curvature of the front or anterior surface ( closest to the pupil ), the rear or posterior surface ( closest to the retina ) or both , the overall power of the lens can also be modified to provide focal accommodation . in fig1 a an accommodative iol device 10 according to the invention is shown including a flexible shell 14 defining an air chamber and a haptic 12 that at least partially surrounds the air chamber . fig1 b shows the device 10 of fig1 a in a second configuration in which the haptic has been flatten ( elongated in a radial direction ) causing a deformation of the flexible shell 14 . fig2 a and 2b provide cross - sectional views of the configurations of fig1 a and 1b , respectively . the flexible shell 14 of the air chamber has an anterior surface with a radius of curvature r 1 and a posterior surface with a radius of curvature r 2 . flattening of the iol device 10 causes an increase in both radii of curvature , e . g ., less concavity , thereby reducing the overall converging power of the air lens . in fig3 a an alternative accommodative iol device 30 according to the invention is shown including a flexible shell 34 defining an air chamber 36 and a haptic 32 that partially surrounds the air chamber . fig3 b shows the device 30 of fig3 a in a second configuration in which the haptic has again been flatten ( elongated in a radial direction ) causing a deformation of the flexible shell 34 . fig4 a and 4b provide cross - sectional views of the configurations of fig3 a and 3b , respectively . the flexible shell 34 of the air chamber 36 has an anterior surface with a radius of curvature r 1 and a posterior surface with a radius of curvature r 2 . flattening of the iol device 30 again causes an increase in both radii of curvature , e . g ., less concavity , thereby reducing the overall converging power of the air lens . fig5 a and 5b provide cross - sectional views of yet another alternative accommodative iol device 50 according to the invention again including a flexible shell 54 defining an air chamber 56 and a haptic 52 that at least partially surrounds the air chamber . in the device of fig5 a and 5b , a second optic 51 of conventional construction is used to supplement the converging power of the air lens . because r 1 is now fixed ( by coupling of the anterior surface of the flexible shell 54 to solid lens 51 ), flattening of the iol device 50 causes an increase in radius of curvature r 2 only , as shown in cross - sectional view 5 b , which nonetheless reduces the overall converging power of the air lens . it should be clear that other dual optic configurations can likewise be readily implemented by those skilled the art . a convention lens can be disposed on the posterior surface of the deformable shell 54 ( alone or in tandem with the anterior lens 51 ). additionally , the power of one or both lens can be negative or positive by appropriate lens shape choices . for additional details on air lens structures , see , u . s . pat . no . 6 , 785 , 061 issued to smith on aug . 31 , 2004 ; u . s . pat . no . 6 , 473 , 238 issued to daniell on oct . 29 , 2002 , both of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety . all of the embodiments described above are non - limiting examples of the present invention only . in addition , all papers and publications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety . one of skill in the art will appreciate further features and advantages of the invention based on the above - described embodiments . accordingly , the invention is not to be limited by what has been particularly shown and described , except as indicated by the appended claims .
an accommodative intraocular lens system is disclosed for insertion into an eye to provide accommodative vision , the system including a deformable air chamber filled with a transparent , low refractive index medium disposed between the first and second optics ; and at least one haptic connected to the air chamber and configured to facilitate a change in the curvature of at least one surface of the chamber , such that when the lens system is positioned in an eye , cilliary muscle movements can alter the curvature of the air chamber and vary the overall lens power of the system .