fig1 shows a marker or marker array 16 attached to a pelvic bone 2 and monitored by a tracking system 18 ( e . g ., a camera - based tracking system or the like ). based on data obtained from the marker array 16 , a location of the pelvic bone 2 in three - dimensional space can be ascertained . the positional data can be provided to a computer 20 , which may be a standalone computer or a computer of a medical navigation system , for example . further , fig1 shows a lateral recording 3 of the pelvic bone 2 , which can be obtained from an imaging device 19 , such as a c - arm apparatus , for example . the imaging device 19 can be communicatively coupled to the computer 20 so as to provide the recording thereto . in the lateral recording 3 , a straight line 4 is placed through the pubic point 6 of the pelvic bone 2 and rotated about this point until it abuts the crest of the ilium ( crista iliaca ) 8 in its end position . because the mid - sagittal plane is the image plane in the lateral recording , and the rear - projection of the straight line 4 generates a plane that is perpendicular on the mid - sagittal plane and passes through both the pubic point 6 and the crest of the ilium 8 , the plane found by this rear - projection is also the frontal pelvic plane , such that its spatial location or location relative to the pelvic bone 2 is determined . the method for determining the location of the frontal pelvic plane may be implemented by the computer 20 , wherein the determined location can be provided on an output device , such as a display or the like . fig2 illustrates another method for determining the location of the frontal pelvic plane . in fig2 , there is shown a marker or marker array 16 attached to the pelvic bone 2 and monitored by a tracking system 18 to obtain a location of the pelvic bone in three - dimensional space . this positional data can be provided to computer 20 as noted above . further , an imaging device , such as a c - arm imaging device 19 , is communicatively coupled to the computer and provides imaging data thereto . unlike the method shown in fig1 , the method of fig2 does not utilize a lateral recording of the pelvic bone 2 . instead , two recordings 10 a and 10 b of the pelvic bone 2 from suitable , different directions are generated . as described in fig1 , straight lines 4 a and 4 b are placed through the pubic point 6 for the respective fluoroscopic images , and the lines 4 a and 4 b are rotated until they abut a contour of the pelvic bone 2 in the respective fluoroscopic image 10 a and 10 b . by rear - projecting the respective straight lines 4 a and 4 b , two planes are obtained that meet in the straight intersection line indicated as s . this straight intersection line s is mirrored in the previously ascertained mid - sagittal plane , such that the mirrored straight line s ′ is obtained . the plane defined by the two straight lines s and s ′ is the frontal pelvic plane , the spatial location of which or location relative to the pelvic bone 2 has been determined from two recordings ( e . g ., two fluoroscopic recordings or x - ray recordings ) obtained from different directions . moving now to fig3 there is shown a block diagram of an exemplary computer 20 that may be used to implement one or more of the methods described herein . the computer 20 may include a display 22 for viewing system information , and a keyboard 24 and pointing device 26 for data entry , screen navigation , etc . a computer mouse or other device that points to or otherwise identifies a location , action , etc ., e . g ., by a point and click method or some other method , are examples of a pointing device 26 . alternatively , a touch screen ( not shown ) may be used in place of the keyboard 24 and pointing device 26 . the display 22 , keyboard 24 and mouse 26 communicate with a processor via an input / output device 28 , such as a video card and / or serial port ( e . g ., a usb port or the like ). a processor 30 , such as an amd athlon 64 ® processor or an intel pentium iv ® processor , combined with a memory 32 execute programs to perform various functions , such as data entry , numerical calculations , screen display , system setup , etc . the memory 32 may comprise several devices , including volatile and non - volatile memory components . accordingly , the memory 32 may include , for example , random access memory ( ram ), read - only memory ( rom ), hard disks , floppy disks , optical disks ( e . g ., cds and dvds ), tapes , flash devices and / or other memory components , plus associated drives , players and / or readers for the memory devices . the processor 30 and the memory 32 are coupled using a local interface ( not shown ). the local interface may be , for example , a data bus with accompanying control bus , a network , or other subsystem . the memory may form part of a storage medium for storing information , such as application data , screen information , programs , etc ., part of which may be in the form of a database . the storage medium may be a hard drive , for example , or any other storage means that can retain data , including other magnetic and / or optical storage devices . a network interface card ( nic ) 34 allows the computer 20 to communicate with other devices . a person having ordinary skill in the art of computer programming and applications of programming for computer systems would be able in view of the description provided herein to program a computer system 20 to operate and to carry out the functions described herein . accordingly , details as to the specific programming code have been omitted for the sake of brevity . also , while software in the memory 32 or in some other memory of the computer and / or server may be used to allow the system to carry out the functions and features described herein in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention , such functions and features also could be carried out via dedicated hardware , firmware , software , or combinations thereof , without departing from the scope of the invention . computer program elements of the invention may be embodied in hardware and / or in software ( including firmware , resident software , micro - code , etc .). the invention may take the form of a computer program product , which can be embodied by a computer - usable or computer - readable storage medium having computer - usable or computer - readable program instructions , “ code ” or a “ computer program ” embodied in the medium for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system . in the context of this document , a computer - usable or computer - readable medium may be any medium that can contain , store , communicate , propagate , or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system , apparatus , or device . the computer - usable or computer - readable medium may be , for example but not limited to , an electronic , magnetic , optical , electromagnetic , infrared , or semiconductor system , apparatus , device , or propagation medium such as the internet . note that the computer - usable or computer - readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed , as the program can be electronically captured , via , for instance , optical scanning of the paper or other medium , then compiled , interpreted , or otherwise processed in a suitable manner . the computer program product and any software and hardware described herein form the various means for carrying out the functions of the invention in the example embodiments . although the invention has been shown and described with respect to a certain preferred embodiment or embodiments , it is obvious that equivalent alterations and modifications will occur to others skilled in the art upon the reading and understanding of this specification and the annexed drawings . in particular regard to the various functions performed by the above described elements ( components , assemblies , devices , compositions , etc . ), the terms ( including a reference to a “ means ”) used to describe such elements are intended to correspond , unless otherwise indicated , to any element which performs the specified function of the described element ( i . e ., that is functionally equivalent ), even though not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure which performs the function in the herein illustrated exemplary embodiment or embodiments of the invention . in addition , while a particular feature of the invention may have been described above with respect to only one or more of several illustrated embodiments , such feature may be combined with one or more other features of the other embodiments , as may be desired and advantageous for any given or particular application .
a method for determining a location of a frontal pelvic plane of a pelvic bone includes ascertaining a position of a pubic point of the pelvic bone ; generating at least one x - ray recording of the pelvic bone ; ascertaining a straight line in the at least one x - ray recording that passes through the pubic point and a contour of the pelvic bone ; and ascertaining the location of the frontal pelvic plane from a rear - projection of the straight line .