fig2 a shows an embodiment of a leash comprising a chin cradle ( 1 ) having two ends ( 2 ) and a guide ( 5 ), where each end ( 2 ) of the chin cradle ( 1 ) is connected to the guide ( 5 ) by a guide connection means ( 3 ), and the guide comprises two means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide to a collar ( 10 ). the leash shown in fig2 a is positioned flat , as on a table top . the chin cradle ( 1 ) can be made from a variety of materials , including , but not limited to , leather , cloth ( such as fleece , flannel , denim or twill ), webbing and strapping . in some embodiments , the comfort chin sling comprises a stiffening means . preferably the stiffening means comprises plastic , plastic mesh , metal , wire mesh , or reinforced fiberglass . the chin cradle ( 1 ) can further comprise one or more protrusions , such as bumps or ridges . the chin cradle ( 1 ) is preferably flexible . in some embodiments , the chin cradle ( 1 ) also has rigidity . the term rigidity , as used herein , means that the chin cradle remains in an approximately planar form when supported only at the two ends ( 2 ) of the chin cradle ( 1 ). the chin cradle ( 1 ) comprises at least one material that provides rigidity . preferably , the chin cradle ( 1 ) when placed on the dog is deformable to cradle the dog &# 39 ; s chin . the guide ( 5 ) can be made of one or more flexible , preferably non - elastic , materials , including , but not limited to , leather , cloth ( such as fleece , flannel , denim or twill ), webbing and strapping . in a preferred embodiment , a cover ( 6 ) is optionally located over at least a portion of the guide ( 5 ), as shown in fig2 b . the means ( 3 ) for connecting the chin cradle ( 1 ) to the guide ( 5 ) can provide either a fixed or a removable connection between the chin cradle ( 1 ) and the guide ( 5 ). in preferred embodiments , the means ( 3 ) for connecting the chin cradle ( 1 ) to the guide ( 5 ) is a loop formed from one or more of the materials used to form chin cradle ( 1 ). in a preferred embodiment , the means ( 3 ) for connecting the chin cradle ( 1 ) to the guide ( 5 ) comprises belting from the chin cradle ( 1 ) which is looped around the guide ( 5 ) and connected to the chin cradle ( 1 ). the guide ( 5 ) can optionally comprise a cover ( 6 ) that covers at least a portion of the guide ( 5 ), preferably between the two means ( 3 ) for connecting the chin cradle ( 1 ) to the guide ( 5 ). a cover , or a portion of a cover , can also be located between a means ( 3 ) for connecting the chin cradle ( 1 ) to the guide ( 5 ) and a means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide ( 5 ) to a collar ( 10 ). the cover ( 6 ) can be made of any type of flexible material . preferable the flexible material is not abrasive . the means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide ( 5 ) to a collar ( 10 ) can either a permanent connection or a releasable connection . the means ( 9 ) for forming a permanent connection can comprise any permanent connection means known to one in the art , including , but not limited to , a loop , an o - ring , a d - ring , a swivel , a shackle or a split ring . the means ( 9 ) for forming a releasable connection can comprise any releasable connection means known to one in the art , including , but not limited to , a snap hook or a quick link . ( fig2 ) preferably the collar ( 10 ) comprises at least two means ( b ) for connecting the collar ( 10 ) to the guide ( 5 ). more preferably , the two means can be placed a distance from each other such that the distance between the means is at least approximately the length of the chin cradle ( 1 ). ( see fig7 ) fig3 is a 3 - dimensional drawing showing a configuration in which the leash would be in when positioned on a dog . the leash comprises a chin cradle ( 1 ) having two ends ( 2 ) and a guide ( 5 ), where each end ( 2 ) of the chin cradle ( 1 ) is connected to the guide ( 5 ) by a guide connection means ( 3 ), and the guide comprises two means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide to a collar ( 10 ). fig4 is a 3 - dimensional drawing showing a configuration in which the leash would be in when positioned on a dog . the leash in fig4 comprises two right angle connectors that change the shape of the leash by providing a permanent change in the shape of the guide ( 5 ). fig5 and 6 show an embodiment in which a leash comprising a cover ( 6 ) is positioned on a medium or large size dog where the handler can place a forearm through a loop formed in a portion of the leash containing the cover ( 6 ). when the leash is placed on a small dog , or a medium or large size dog is learning how to be trained using the leash , a handler can hold a loop formed in a portion of the leash containing the cover ( 6 ) in their hand . when the leash does not comprise a cover ( 6 ) the leash can be positioned or held in the same area as when the leash comprises a cover ( 6 ). the leash can be placed on the dog by : ( a ) attaching the means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide ( 5 ) to a collar ( 10 ) at one , preferably two , points on a collar ( 10 ) and then attaching the collar ( 10 ) onto the dog ; ( b ) attaching the means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide ( 5 ) to a collar ( 10 ) at one , preferably two points on a collar ( 10 ), while the collar ( 10 ) is on the dog ; or ( c ) attaching a leash that is non - releaseably connected to a collar ( 10 ) onto the dog . after the leash is connected to the collar ( 10 ) and the collar ( 10 ) is placed on the dog , the chin cradle ( 1 ) is placed under the jaw of the dog , preferably at or near the chin , with a portion of the guide ( 5 ) between the chin cradle ( 1 ) and the means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide ( 5 ) to a collar ( 10 ) located preferably near the part of the dog where the chin and neck of the dog intersect . after both of the means ( 9 ) for connecting the guide ( 5 ) to a collar ( 10 ) are connected to the collar ( 10 ), a loop is formed in the guide . the guide ( 5 ) is then held approximately vertically by holding the guide ( 5 ) with one or more hands or by placing an arm through the loop and positioning the guide on the forearm . the positioning of the head of the dog can be controlled in three dimensions by the direction of pressure exerted by the leash on the area where the guide ( 5 ) contacts the chin on the dog . the head of a dog can be adjusted in a vertical dimension ( up and down ) by applying upward pressure on the guide ( 5 ) using a hand holding the guide or the handlers arm that is looped through the guide . preferably the amount of pressure that is placed on the chin of the dog is minimal , that is the lowest amount of pressure needed to obtain the desired response . when the leash is first placed on the dog , most dogs will need to become conditioned to having the chin cradle ( 1 ) in contact with its chin and having a portion of the guide ( 5 ) on each side of its head between its eyes and ears . in the descriptions below , it is assumed that the dog is located on the left side of the handler . similar procedures can be adapted to teaching a dog that is located on the right side of the handler . one method of conditioning the dog to the use of the training aid is for the handler to either hold the guide ( 5 ) in their hand closest to the dog or to place a loop formed by the guide ( 5 ) over the forearm closest to the dog . the handler can place food in their hand that is joined to their arm that is furthest from the dog and place their hand containing the food near and above the dog &# 39 ; s mouth . the handler gives the food to the dog as soon as the dog exhibits the desired behavior , a change in the point of attention . preferably this is performed in conjunction with either verbal reinforcement or reinforcement through the use of a clicker . one of ordinary skill in the art would understand what a clicker is and how to use a clicker in conjunction with the training collar . the leash can be used to provide additional positive reinforcement by using the portion of the leash containing a cover as a tugging device . this feature allows for more rapid reinforcement , since it is not necessary to use a separate tugging device . one skilled in the art of behavior modification , especially with dogs , would recognize that reinforcement works best the sooner it can be given after the desired behavior occurs . by having a tugging device as part of the leash , more rapid reinforcement can occur versus the use of a separate tugging device , which would need to be separately located and then introduced to the dog . the term cues , as used herein , means one or more of the changes in the movement of the dog and handler . cues include starting to move forward from a sit position , changing from a normal pace to a fast or slow pace , changing from a fast or slow pace to a normal pace , stopping forward movement ( halting ), changing the direction of movement by 180 ° ( about turn ) and by changing the direction of movement by 90 ° ( left or right turns ). as the dog becomes used to the presence of the leash , the leash can then be used to modify the behavior of the dog to better perform the various cues . in the descriptions below , it is assumed that the dog is located on the left side of the handler . similar procedures can be adapted to teaching a dog that is located on the right side of the handler . the dog can learn to look in a direction desired by the handler ( also referred to as a point of attention ), preferably at the upper portion of the handlers body , more preferably at their face , by placing their hand or arm in the guide , as described above , and then placing moving their hand or arm in a direction towards the point of attention . this movement of the hand or arm places tension on the collar on the dog through the guide ( 5 ). preferably the amount of tension used is the least amount to achieve at least an incremental change in the direction that the dog is looking . the handler has control of the amount of tension applied to the dog . the handler has the ability to reduce or increase amount of tension depending on the response of the dog . with choker type collars , the more force the dog applies to the collar the more the collar restricts and the more pain the dog feels . the dog adjusts to the discomfort caused by the choker collar rather than the training efforts by the handler . the handler gives the food to the dog as soon as the dog exhibits the desired behavior , a change in the point of attention . preferably this is performed in conjunction with either verbal reinforcement or reinforcement through the use of a clicker . the training guide is preferably used to adjust the dog &# 39 ; s point of attention using several incremental changes in the point of focus . when the methods described above are used in conjunction with a verbal reinforcement or the use of a clicker , it can be easier for the dog to modify its point of attention . changes in the behavior of the dog are accomplished by repeated modification to the point of attention over time , in conjunction with positive reinforcement through the use of food and verbal praise or clicker reinforcement , but not through the infliction of extreme discomfort or the infliction of pain . from the following drawings and description of the preferred embodiment , it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the objects of the invention have been achieved . while the present invention will be described with the reference to specific embodiments , the following description is illustrative of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention . various modifications to the present invention can be made to the preferred embodiment by those skilled in the art without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention . it will be noted here that for better understanding like components are designated by the reference numerals throughout the various figures of drawing which follow .
a dog leash is adapted to assist a person in teaching , reinforcing and testing a learned behavior to a dog . the aid is especially effective in teaching a dog to watching and focusing on the head and / or upper body of a handler of the dog . the leash includes a chin controlling member that is placed under the chin of the dog and a guide connected to the controlling member . the handler and the dog can control contact between the dog and the chin controlling member . methods of using the leash to allow the dog to focus on the handler are also described .