this invention may be best described with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate various devices embodying the invention . fig1 is a perspective view of a protective shield embodying the invention . fig2 is a plan view of a rib protector embodying the invention . fig3 is an elevation view of a chest protector embodying the invention . fig4 illustrates schematically an end view of two cells of the core with no force applied to them . fig5 illustrates the cells of fig4 as they would appear with force applied to them in the direction of the arrows . fig6 illustrates the cells of fig5 as they would appear with force applied to them in the direction of the arrows . referring to fig1 the protective body shield of this invention is generally designated 10 and it is constituted of a honeycomb core 11 having a resilient flexible material covering the open ends of the cores that are on the body side of the device 12 and a layer of resilient material covering the open ends of the cells on the outside 13 . in the particular embodiment shown in fig1 a single piece of resilient foam material is employed which wraps completely around the core , covering not only its inside and outside layers but also the sides . the resilient layer is preferably perforated with openings 15 on both the inside and outside portions to provide ventilation for the wearer in order to dissipate body heat . for purposes of illustration , the edges of the resilient layer 12 are turned up to illustrate the open ends of the cells 11 ; however , in normal use the resilient material will be bonded with an adhesive material to the open ends of the core cells . the bonding procedure normally results in some adhesive running down a short distance into the core cells which is advantageous in that the continuous collar - like piece of adhesive reinforce the edges of the core cells and blunts them . the device shown in fig1 also illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention wherein strips of thick resilient material 17 and 18 run the length of the protective shield to further improve its ability to protect the wearer from impacts . cross - members 20 and 21 may be employed to shield a particularly sensitive spot , such as a previously injured rib , by being assembled into the shield so that the empty area between them bridges the tender spot of the wearer and prevents any contact with that spot . normally , the core is rigid enough to prevent deformation into a small area such as the space between elements 20 and 21 so that no contact whatsoever will be made between the shield and the tender portion of the body that is so protected . the shield may also be provided with one or more straps such as 23 to secure the shield to the body of the person using it . as was mentioned previously , the shield may also be employed by being enclosed within a fabric or other flexible cover , which cover is made with straps for securing the shield to the user . fig2 illustrates the device of this invention in the specific form of a chest or rib protecting shield . the device is cut with curvature on the top edge 25 to fit beneath the armpit of a person wearing it but to rise above the armpit level across the chest and back of the person wearing it . the interior of the particular chest protector shown is provided with additional pads 18 and with straps for securing it such as at 23 . the device also includes perforations 15 for purposes of ventilating and cooling the user . the device illustrated in fig3 is typical of a chest protector for an umpire or catcher . the cutaway section illustrates cells 11 . preferably the chest protector illustrated in fig3 will have many small cell clusters contained in small pockets whereby there can be both horizontal seams such as 27 and vertical seams such as 28 . the device constructed in accordance with fig3 will be extremely flexible in that seams 27 and 28 will act as hinges so that large sections of the chest protector can bend along those hinges while the cells 11 can crush both in a horizontal and vertical direction as will be illustrated subsequently so that the device can assume smaller dimensions in both the horizontal and vertical direction without applying large force or without destroying its ability to restore itself to its original shape or absorb impacts with the same efficiency as when it is not so distorted . fig4 illustrates schematically two cells from a cluster of cells that would be useful in a device of this invention . in all cases the cells will be in groups having far more cells than two . the cells of fig4 are hexagonal in shape and each wall 30 is the same length as each other wall 30 . cells can have different shapes and are not limited to having six walls . the cells of fig4 share one common wall , but in a cluster all walls would be common with at least one other cell except for some walls of cells on the end . the cells illustrated in fig4 are shown with no forces applied to them in any direction . fig5 illustrates the cells of fig4 with forces applied in the direction of the arrows . when forces are so applied , the cells distort by becoming tall and narrow . very small force in the direction of the arrows is required to make such a distortion since each intersection of one wall with another acts as a hinge . a distortion such as is illustrated in fig5 would be typical of a situation where a football player wearing a vest made in accordance with this invention would twist his body as when throwing a football or avoiding a tackler . in the direction of the arrows of fig5 the cells have great flexibility and offer substantially no resistance to distortion . fig6 illustrates the cells of fig4 with force applied in the direction of the arrows . again , only a small force in the direction of the arrow is capable of distorting these cells as shown so that the entire protector may become much narrower in the direction of distortion from only a small applied force . a typical situation where such applied forces would occur in use is if a football player were throwing a football , leaning to one side , twisting or bending while making an evasive movement when running . it is again emphasized that such small force is necessary to distort the cellular core in the direction of the arrows in fig6 that such movements would be unhampered by the core . in all cases in fig4 and 6 , a force applied to the cells perpendicular to the plane of the paper would be strongly resisted by the stiff cell walls in that direction . although each individual cell wall is thin , its connecting cell wall which is at an angle to the plane of the cell wall in question would have to be distorted longitudinally in order for the thin cell wall to crush or buckle . this &# 34 ; i - beam &# 34 ; effect causes each thin , flexible cell wall to be held rigid by its position with respect to other cell walls in the array .
a protective body shield including a honeycomb core arranged with the axis of each cell perpendicular to the body of the wearer and a layer of resilient foam covering at least that side of the shield in contact with the body to produce a shield that is rigid and shock - absorbing in the direction of anticipated impacts , but flexible and yieldable in other directions so as to not interfere with movement of the wearer &# 39 ; s body .