furthermore , the u - shaped transition from sleeve to hinges shields the hinges and has effect that the canopy lying next to or sliding over the u - shaped transition cannot be damaged by the hinges , even though there is an increase in the diameter of the annular hinge . a special protective cap is therefore superfluous . particularly when the pivotal connection is between slider and struts , it is useful if the inner section of the lobe , the annular flange and the sleeve form , in axial section , substantially a z - profile . the sleeve unit may be easily combined with a cylindrical handle portion into a composite slider . thus the sleeve may form a hinge - headpiece of a composite slider and is plugged into a handle portion of the slider . the sleeve may be provided with deformable retainer - lobe for attachment to the handle portion or to the stick of the umbrella . examples of umbrella frames constructed in accordance with the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings , in which : fig5 is a perspective view of the radially inner end of a canopy spoke or a strut having a straight pivot pin ; fig6 is a perspective view of canopy spokes or struts on an axle ring ; and , fig7 is an elevation of an umbrella slider composed of a handle portion and a sleeve unit in accordance with fig3 and 4 . for the hinging of canopy spokes 1 or struts 2 of an umbrella frame , which is not illustrated in greater detail , there is a cylindrical sleeve 3 which is carried by a stick 4 . this sleeve 3 , in the case of employment as an umbrella crown in accordance with fig1 and 2 , is fixed over the top end of the umbrella stick 4 or , as is indicated in fig2 in dash - dot line , is plugged into the cavity in the umbrella stick 4 . in the case of employment as an umbrella slider in accordance with fig3 and 4 , the sleeve 3 serves for the guidance , along the umbrella stick 4 , of this slider together with the canopy - supporting framework which is arranged on it to be able to fold as the slider slides up and down the umbrella stick , thus opening and closing the canopy . in either case an annular flange 5 is fashioned onto the top end of the cylindrical sleeve 3 to stand out approximately at right angles . from the outer edge of the annular flange 5 a number of lobes 6 are stamped out to correspond with the number of canopy spokes 1 or struts 2 which are to be hinged onto it . the lobes 6 are bent at an angle and have two sections , 6a and 6b . the inner sections 6a of the lobes 6 , fashioned at an angle to the annular flange 5 , run approximately in parallel with and at a clearance from the surface of the sleeve 3 . the outer sections 6b of the lobes 6 , in their initial state , stand out in the radial direction approximately at right angles from the inner sections 6a and at their free ends can be curled in the direction of the inner sections 6a to form hinge bushes ( fig2 and 4 ). an umbrella crown , in accordance with fig1 and 2 , has the inner sections 6a of the lobes 6 running in parallel with and adjacent to the sleeve 3 . in this way the sections 6a , the annular flange 5 and the sleeve 3 form a hollow u - shaped transition which may be seen from fig2 and which shields the hinges . an umbrella slider in accordance with fig3 and 4 , has the inner sections 6a bent down from the annular flange 5 at right angles and in parallel with the sleeve 3 , yet not adjacent to it but pointing away from it . then from the inner sections 6a of the lobes 6 , the outer sections 6b are bent at right angles to stand radially outwards so that the sections 6a , the annular flange 5 and the sleeve 3 form a profile which , in section , is approximately a z . in both examples , the sections 6a and 6b of the lobes 6 continue into one another via a curve r . the radius of this curve r corresponds substantially to the cross - sectional profile of the pivot pin 7 , 8 which serves to support one canopy spoke 1 or strut 2 between every two adjacent lobes 6 . the curves r of the sections 6a , 6b form preformed radius portions of an annular bearing seat for the pivot pins 7 or 8 and hence also make possible accurate adjustment and fixing which remains unaltered and thus undeformed during curling - in of the ends of the outer sections 6b . this ensures the required alignment and hinging of the framework with respect to the umbrella stick 4 . hence , the pivot pins 7 or 8 merely need to be nested in the radius portion r and they are then precisely fixed by bending round the free ends of the outer lobe sections 6b ; all this may be done without special accesories and precautions for concentric adjustment . since the bending round of the ends of the outer sections 6b is towards the axis of the sleeve 3 , the pivot pins 7 or 8 cannot move out of the radius portions r . this not only simplifies the assembly of umbrella frames by machine but also forms particularly rigid hinge connections . not only are the effects of the forces upon the sleeve 3 and upon the lobes 6 , which arise during the bending round of the ends of the outer sections 6b , taken up by the annular flange 5 and absorbed in it , but also those forces which arise through improper use of the umbrella . finally , the construction of the umbrella frame in accordance with the present invention also makes it possible that , in spite of the arrangement of the canopy spokes or struts 1 , 2 at a distance from the umbrella stick 4 and in spite of the increase in the diameter of the annular hinge , the hinges are such that the umbrella cover s may , without risk of damage , rest against the hinges and slide over them . an enclosure covering over the hinges or protecting the umbrella cover is therefore superfluous . as may be seen from fig5 the pivot pins may consist of pegs 7 which are fitted at the ends of the canopy spokes 1 or struts 2 , which are to be hinged . the pegs 7 may b arranged or else fashioned onto the canopy spokes 1 or struts 2 so as to be able or unable to rotate . the pivot pins or pegs 7 may also be arranged or fashioned onto the crown or slider itself . finally the pivot pins or pegs 7 may be curved so as to follow the annular run of the radius portions r or replaced by a single axle ring 8 , corresponding with fig3 and 6 respectively . as may be seen from the sectional illustrations in fig2 and 4 , the bearing surfaces of the hinges for the pivot pins 7 , 8 are approximately half formed by a region of the inner section 6a and half formed by the outer section 6b with the fixed bearing seat in the form of the radius sections r lying between them . of these , as already stated , the inner sections 6a and the radius portions r remain unaltered in their preformed shape during the wrapping of the pivot pins 7 , 8 . it is merely the free ends of the outer sections 6b which are bent round the pivot pins in the direction of the inner sections 6a , that is , preferably until their ends butt against the inner sections 6a . the whole of the concentric adjustment and alignment of the bearing part in accordance with the invention , and the associated mechanics of the canopy , is therefore also guaranteed during the bending round of the ends of the outer sections 6b and after this process . in fig7 a combination is shown of the slider in accordance with fig3 and 4 with a plastic sleeve 9 . this combination yields a composite slider which has large area for seizing it and a button 9a by means of which the slider may be locked to the umbrella stick in its operational positions , and released . in the case of this composite slider , the plastic sleeve 9 forms the grip and the slider , shaped out of sheet metal , provides the hinges for the struts 2 . the slider may be plugged , by means of the sleeve 3 , into the grip or plastic sleeve 9 , and may be fixed in it by a resilient hook or lobe 3a . this hook or lobe 3a may be bent out from the wall of the sleeve 3 and snap into a recess in the plastics sleeve 9 . by this means combination sliders of different lengths , different appearance and different internal diameters with respect to different diameters of umbrella sticks 4 may be realized whilst employing the same slider for hinging the struts 2 .
an umbrella frame has a pivotal connection between a crown or slider and canopy spokes or struts , respectively . the connection involves a sheet metal sleeve , which is carried on a stick and has , integrally formed with it , an annular flange and lobes . each lobe comprises an axially extending inner section and an , initially outwardly extending , outer section . during assembly , the outer sections are curled inwards about pivot pins for the spokes or struts , which are seated in radius portions at the junctions of the inner and outer lobe sections .