now we have found , in our research aimed at the development of antidotes that the phytotoxicity of the urea derivatives of formula ( ii ), thiolcarbamate derivatives of the formula ( iii ) and chloroacetanilide derivatives of the formula ( iv ) as herbicide agents can effectively be decreased without influencing their herbicide effects by using the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ) or cyanopyridines or benzonitriles mono - or polysubstituted by halogen or alkoxy . r 1 and r 2 which are the same or different , stand for hydrogen , halogen or a methyl , ethyl , allyl , vinyl , phenyl , or benzyl group ; or r 1 and r 2 together may stand for a benzylidene group ; and r 3 is chlorine or a methyl , phenyl , chlorophenyl , alkoxyphenyl , chlorophenylamino , anilino , anilinomethylene , n - alkylanilinomethylene , n , n - dialkylanilinomethylene , alkoxyanilinomethylene , benzylaminomethylene , cyclohexylaminomethylene , n - alkyl - cyclohexylaminomethylene , hexamethyleniminomethylene , phthalimidomethylene , nitro - phthalimidomethylene , morpholinomethylene , piperidinomethylene , c 1 - 3 alkylaminomethylene , allylaminomethylene or a di ( c 1 - 3 alkyl ) aminomethylene group . the most important compounds of the formula ( i ) together with the substituents as well as the physical characteristics ( melting point , refractive index ) of these compounds and the cyanopyridines and substituted benzonitriles are summarized in table 1 . table i__________________________________________________________________________ physical characteristics substituents m . p . no . compound r . sub . 1 r . sub . 2 r . sub . 3 ° c . refractive index1 2 3 4 5 6 7__________________________________________________________________________ 1 pivalonitrile methyl methyl methyl 15 -- 2 trichloroacetonitrile cl cl cl -- 1 . 440 3 4 - ethoxyphenylaceto - h h 4 - ethoxy - 39 - 43 -- nitrile phenyl 4 2 -( 4 - ethoxyphenyl ) butyro - h ethyl 4 - ethoxy - -- 1 . 5117 nitrile phenyl 5 2 - phenyl - 2 - methylpropio - methyl methyl phenyl -- 1 . 5041 nitrile 6 2 - phenylbutyronitrile h ethyl phenyl -- 1 . 5065 7 2 - benzyl - 2 - phenylbutyro - ethyl benzyl phenyl -- 1 . 5607 nitrile 8 2 -( 4 - ethoxyphenyl )- 2 - methyl methyl 4 - ethoxyphenyl 56 - 58 -- methylpropionitrile 9 2 , 3 - diphenylacrylonitrile benzylidene phenyl 86 - 88 -- 10 2 - cyanopyridine -- -- -- 212 - 215 -- 11 3 - cyanopyridine -- -- -- 50 - 52 -- 12 4 - cyanopyridine -- -- -- 78 - 80 -- 13 2 - ethyl - 2 - phenylbutyro - ethyl ethyl phenyl -- 1 . 5039 nitrile14 2 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 2 - ethyl - ethyl ethyl 4 - chloro - 53 - 57 -- butyronitrile phenyl15 2 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 2 - methyl methyl 4 - chloro - -- 1 . 5204 methylpropionitrile phenyl16 2 - chlorophenylaceto - h h 2 - chloro - -- 1 . 5440 nitrile phenyl17 3 - chlorophenylaceto - h h 3 - chloro - -- 1 . 5437 nitrile phenyl18 4 - chlorophenylaceto - h h 4 - chloro - 265 - 267 -- nitrile phenyl19 diphenylacetonitrile h phenyl phenyl 71 - 73 -- 20 3 - phthalimidopropionitrile h h phthalimido - 153 - 154 -- methylene21 3 -( 3 - nitrophthalimido )- h h 3 - nitro - 132 - 134 -- propionitrile phthalimido - methylene22 3 -( 4 - nitrophthalimido )- h h 4 - nitro - 136 - 138 -- propionitrile phthalimido - methylene23 2 - allyl - 2 - phenyl - 4 - pentene - allyl allyl phenyl -- 1 . 5243 nitrile24 3 - anilinopropionitrile h h anilino - 48 - 49 -- methylene25 3 - cyclohexylaminopropio - h h cyclohexyl - -- 1 . 4737 nitrile aminomethylene26 3 - benzylaminopropio - h h benzylamino - -- 1 . 5272 nitrile methylene27 3 - n --( ethylcyclohexyl )- h h n -- ethylcyclohexyl - -- 1 . 4709 aminopropionitrile aminomethylene28 3 - n --( methylanilino )- h h n -- methylanilino - -- 1 . 5591 propionitrile methylene29 3 - n --( ethylanilino )- h h n -- ethylanilino - -- 1 . 5528 nitrile methylene30 3 - n --( isopropylanilino )- h h n -- ispropyl - -- 1 . 5418 propionitrile anilino - methylene31 3 - hexamethylenimino - h h hexamethylen - -- 1 . 4727 propionitrile iminomethylene32 3 - morpholinopropio - h h morpholino - -- 1 . 4698 nitrile methylene33 3 - piperidinopropionitrile h h piperidinomethylene -- 1 . 469034 3 -( 4 - methoxyanilino )- h h 4 - methoxy - 62 - 64 -- propionitrile anilino - methylene35 3 -( 2 , 6 - diethylanilino )- h h 2 , 6 - diethyl - -- 1 . 5431 propionitrile anilino - methylene36 2 - anilinoacetonitrile h h anilino 45 - 47 -- 37 2 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- h h 4 - chloro - 92 - 95 -- aminoacetonitrile phenylamino38 phenylacetonitrile h h phenyl -- 1 . 523639 2 - anilinopropionitrile h methyl anilino 86 - 88 -- 40 ( 4 - methoxyphenyl ) aceto - h h 4 - methoxy - -- 1 . 5318 nitrile phenyl41 3 - methylaminopropio - h h methylamino - -- 1 . 4348 nitrile methylene42 3 - diethylaminopropio - h h diethylamino - -- 1 . 4358 nitrile methylene43 3 - phthalimido - 2 - methylpro - h h phthalimido - 94 - 96 -- pionitrile methylene44 2 - methyl - 3 -( 4 - nitro - h methyl 4 - nitrophthal - -- -- phthalimido ) propionitrile imidomethylene45 2 - methyl - 3 -( 3 - nitrophthal - h methyl 3 - nitro - phthal - -- imido )- propionitrile imidomethylene46 3 - anilino - 2 - methylpropio - h methyl anilinomethylene 1 . 4714 nitrile47 3 - benzylamino - 2 - methyl - h methyl benzylamino - -- 1 . 5312 propionitrile methylene48 3 - n -- methylanilino - 2 - h methyl n -- methyl - -- 1 . 5510 methylpropionitrile anilino - ethylene49 3 - cyclohexylamino - 2 - h methyl ciklohexyl - -- 1 . 4797 methylpropionitrile aminomethylene50 3 - n -- ethylanilino - 2 - h methyl n -- ethylanilino - 1 . 5484 methylpropionitrile methylene51 3 - n -- isopropylanilino - h methyl n -- isopropyl - 1 . 5392 2 - methylpropionitrile anilinomethylene52 2 - chlorobenzonitrile -- -- -- 44 - 45 -- 53 2 , 4 , 6 - trimethoxy - -- -- -- 92 - 94 -- benzonitrile54 3 - chlorobenzonitrile -- -- -- 38 - 40 -- 55 4 - chlorobenzonitrile -- -- -- 91 - 93 -- 56 3 -( 2 , 6 - dimethylanilino )- h h 2 , 6 - dimethyl - -- 1 . 4832 propionitrile anilinomethylene57 3 -( 6 - ethyl - 2 - methyl - h h 6 - ethyl - 2 - -- 1 . 4916 anilino ) propionitrile methylanilino - methylene58 3 -( n - propylamino )- h h propylamino - -- 1 . 4354 propionitrile methylene59 3 - allylaminopropio - h h allylamino - -- 1 . 4547 nitrile methylene__________________________________________________________________________ for the preparation of the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ), several processes are known in the literature . pivalonitrile , item no . 1 in table i , which is the simplest derivative can be prepared by reacting pivalic acid with ammonia under dehydrating conditions [ see the german pat . no . 3 , 216 , 382 ]. however , pivalonitrile ( trimethylacetoritrile ) can also be prepared by reacting the appropriate olefin , i . e . isobutylene with hydrogen cyanide at an elevated temperature [ see the u . s . pat . no . 2 , 455 , 995 ]. according to k . rokrig et al ., 4 - ethoxyphenylacetonitrile is prepared by reacting 4 - ethoxybenzyl chloride with sodium cyanide ( org . synth . coll . vol . iv ., p . 576 ). m . lora et al . transformed pivalic acid to the acid chloride by using thionyl chloride in the first step , and the acid chloride was then reacted with ammonia to give pivalic acid amide . this amide was reacted with phosphorus pentoxide in a solvent to yield pivalonitrile ( anales real . soc . espan . 48b , p . 414 - 420 ). among the urea derivatives of the formula ( ii ), the phytotoxicity of which is decreased by the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ), 3 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea ( monuron ), 3 -( 3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea ( diuron ), 3 -( 3 - chloro - 4 - methoxyphenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea ( metoxuron ), 3 -( 3 - chloro - 4 - methylphenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea ( chlortoluron ), 3 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - methoxyurea ( monoliruror ), 3 -( 3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - methoxyurea ( linuron ), 3 -( 4 - bromophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - methoxyurea ( metobromuron ), 3 -( 4 - bromo - 3 - chloropheryl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - methoxyurea ( chlorbromuron ), 3 -[ 3 -( trifluormethyl ) phenyl ]- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea ( fluometuron ), 1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 - phenylurea ( fenuron ) and 1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 -( 4 - isopropylphenyl ) urea ( isoproturon ) are well known substances . among the thiolcarbamate derivatives of the formula ( iii ), for which the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ) are useful antidotes , the following compounds are well known and widely used in the practice : s - ethyl n , n - diisobutylthiolcarbamate ( butylate ), s - ethyl n , n - di ( n - propyl ) thiolcarbamate ( eptc ), s - ethyl n , n - hexamethylenethiolcarbamate ( molinate ), s - ethyl n - cyclohexyl - n - ethylthiolcarbamate ( cycloate ), s - propyl n , n - di ( n - propyl ) thiolcarbamate ( vernolate ), s -( 2 , 3 - dichloroallyl ) n , n - diisopropylthiolcarbamate ( diallate ), s -( 4 - chlorobenzyl )- n , n - diethylthiolcarbamate ( thiobencarb ) and s - benzyl n , n - di ( secundary - butyl ) thiolcarbamate . among the chloroacetanilide derivatives of the formula ( iv ), the phytotoxicity of which is diminished by the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ), the most known substances are as follows : as clearly seen from table i , the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ) are partly solids and partly liquids . the solid nitrile derivatives can be formulated e . g . to wettable powders ( wp ) by using the common additives of plant protective compositions ( carriers , surface active agents ), which may be applied together with herbicide compositions of a similar formulation in the form of tank mixtures . both the liquid and solid nitrile derivatives can be formulated e . g . to stable emulsifiable concentrates by selecting a suitable solvent and emulsifying agent which may be mixed with herbicide emulsifiable concentrates and may be applied in the form of tank mixtures . the nitrile derivatives may also be formulated together with the urea derivatives and / or thiolcarbamate derivatives and / or chloroacetanilide derivatives . the formulations containing the nitrile derivatives alone as well as the compositions formulated together with herbicide agents are illustrated in detail in the following non - limiting examples . composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing 2 , 3 - diphenylacrylonitrile ( compound no . 9 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 , 3 - diphenylacrylonitrile 10atlox 4857b emulsifying agent 10xylene 80______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing trichloroacetonitrile ( compound no . 2 ) as antidote composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing 2 - benzyl - 2 - phenylbutyronitrile ( compound no . 7 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - benzyl - 2 - phenylbutyronitrile 30atlox 4857b emulsifying agent 10xylene 60______________________________________ emulsifiable concentrates with a similar composition may be prepared by using 4 - chlorophenylacetonitrile ( compound no . 18 ), 2 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 2 - methylpropionitrile ( compound no . 15 ), or 2 -( 4 - ethoxyphenyl ) butyronitrile ( compound no . 4 ) as antidotes . composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing pivaloritrile ( compound no . 1 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________pivalonitrile 50emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 10xylene 40______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing 2 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 10 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - cyanopyridine 50emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 10xylene 40______________________________________ composition of a wettable powder containing 2 - methyl - 2 - phenylpropionitrile ( compound no . 5 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - methyl - 2 - phenylpropionitrile 20arkopon t 5dispergiermittel si dispersing agent 5zeolit 424 carrier 70______________________________________ composition of a wettable powder containing ( 4 - ethoxyphenyl ) acetonitrile ( compound no . 3 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________ ( 4 - ethoxyphenyl ) acetonitrile 40arkopon t 5dispergiermittel si dispersing agent 5zeolit 424 carrier 50______________________________________ composition of a wettable powder containing 3 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 11 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 - cyanopyridine 70arkopon t 5dispergiermittel si dispersing agent 5zeolex 424 carrier 20______________________________________ composition of a water - soluble concentrate ( wsc ) containing pivalonitrile ( compound no . 1 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________pivalonitrile 90emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 10______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing 4 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 12 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________4 - cyanopyridine 10atlox 4857b emulsifying agent 10chlorobenzene 80______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing 2 -( 4 - ethoxyphenyl )- 2 - methylpropionitrile ( compound no . 8 ) as antidote ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 -( 4 - ethoxyphenyl )- 2 - methylpropionitrile 40atlox 4857b emulsifying agent 15xylene 45______________________________________ the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ) can be well formulated together with the urea derivatives of the formula ( ii ) and / or the thiolcarbamate derivatives of the formula ( iii ) and / or with chloroacetanilide derivatives of the formula ( iv ) as illustrated in the following examples . composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________n --( 3 , 4 - dichlorphenyl )- n &# 39 ;-- methyl - n &# 39 ;-- 50methoxyureatrichloroacetonitrile ( compound no . 2 ) 25amorphous silicic acid carrier 20fatty alcohol sulfonate 2 . 5sodium lignin sulfonate 2 . 5______________________________________ the above components are homogenized in a powder mixer , then finely ground in an alpine 100 lu type laboratory mill . the floatability of the composition amounts to 88 %. composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and a thiolcarbamate as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s -- ethyl n , n -- di ( n - propyl ) thiolcarbamate 64 . 82 - ethyl - 2 - phenylbutyronitrile ( compound 10 . 0no . 13 ) atlox 4857b emulsifying agent 4 . 3atlox 3400 b emulsifying agent 2 . 9kerosine 18 . 0______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and a thiolcarbamate as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s -- propyl n , n -- di ( n - propyl ) thiolcarbamate 67 . 5trichloroacetonitrile ( compound no . 2 ) 10 . 0tensiofix as emulsifying agent 4 . 3tensiofix is emulsifying agent 2 . 9kerosine 15 . 3______________________________________ composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 - phenylurea 503 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 11 ) 10zeolit 424 carrier 20siliceous earth carrier 20netzer is wetting agent 2dispergiermittel 3sulfite waste powder 5______________________________________ the above components are homogenized in a powder mixer , then finely ground in an alpine 100 lu type laboratory mill . the floatability of the composition amounts to 88 %. composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea 402 , 3 - diphenylacrylonitrile ( compound no . 9 ) 40zeolit 424 carrier 12netzer is wetting agent 1 . 5dispergiermittel 2 . 5sulfite waste powder 4 . 0______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 82 . 5 %. composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 -[( 3 -( trifluoromethyl )- 50phenyl ]- urea4 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 12 ) 25zeolit 424 carrier 15netzer is 2dispergiermittel 3sulfite waste powder 5______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 86 . 4 %. composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - 48methoxyureapremix containing pivalonitrile 20siliceous earth carrier 22netzer is wetting agent 2dispergiermittel 3sulfite waste powder 5______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 76 %. the premix containing the above antidote was prepared in such a way that 2 parts by mass of pivalonitrile ( compound no . 1 ) as antidote were dissolved in 5 parts by mass of dichloromethane as solvent , then the thus - obtained solution was sprayed onto 18 parts by mass of sipermat 50 synthetic silicate carrier under stirring , then the solvent was evaporated at 50 ° c . composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 4 - bromo - 3 - chlorophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - 50methoxyureapremix containing 2 - benzyl - 2 - phenyl - 25butyronitrilesiliceous earth carrier 15netzer is wetting agent 2dispergiermittel 3sulfite waste powder 5______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 78 . 4 %. the premix containing the above antidote was prepared in such a way that 5 parts by mass of 2 - benzyl - 2 - phenylbutyronitrile ( compound no . 7 ) as antidote were dissolved in 5 parts by mass of dichloromethane , then the thus - obtained solution was sprayed onto 20 part by mass of sipermat 50 synthetic silicate carrier and the solvent was evaporated at 50 ° c . composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 - phenylurea 18pivalonitrile ( compound no . 1 ) 2emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 6 . 4emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 1 . 61 : 1 mixture of xylene with dichloro - 72 . 0methane______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 4 - bromo - 3 - chlorophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - 35methoxyurea4 - ethoxyphenylacetonitrile ( compound 5no . 3 ) emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 7 . 2emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 0 . 82 : 2 : 1 mixture of xylene with dichloro - 52 . 0methane and dimethylformamide______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 4 - bromophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - methoxy - 24urea2 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 2 - ethylbutyro - 3nitrile ( compound no . 14 ) emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 6 . 4emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 1 . 62 : 2 : 1 mixture of xylene with dichloro - 62 . 0methane and dimethylformamide______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 -[ 3 -( trifluoromethyl )- 23phenyl ]- urea3 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 11 ) 2emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 6 . 4emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 1 . 61 : 1 mixture of xylene with dimethyl - 67 . 0formamide______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and a chloroacetanilide as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;, 6 &# 39 ;- diethyl - n -- methoxymethyl - 35acetanilide2 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 2 - ethylbutyronitrile 5 ( compound no . 14 ) emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 6 . 4emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 1 . 63 : 1 mixture of aromatol with dimethyl - 52 . 0formamide______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing antidote with a chloroacetanilide and an urea as active ingredients ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;, 6 &# 39 ;- diethyl - n -- methoxy - 32methylacetanilide3 -( 4 - bromophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - methoxy - 15ureapivalonitrile ( compound no . 1 ) 3emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 7 . 2emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 0 . 82 : 2 : 1 mixture of xylene with dichloro - 42methane and dimethylformamide______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote with a chloroacetanilide and an urea as active ingredients ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;, 6 &# 39 ;- diethyl - n -- methoxy - 31methylacetanilide3 -( 4 - bromo - 3 - chlorophenyl )- 1 - methyl - 1 - 15methoxyurea3 - cyanopyridine ( compound no . 11 ) 2emulsogen ip 400 emulsifying agent 7 . 2emulsogen el 400 emulsifying agent 0 . 81 : 1 mixture of cyclohexanone with 44aromatol______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and a thiolcarbamate as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s -- ethyl n , n -- diisobutylthiolcarbamate 90 . 02 -( 4 - ethoxyphenyl ) butyronitrile ( com - 1 . 0pound no . 4 ) atlox 3400 b emulsifying agent 2 . 0atlox 4857b emulsifying agent 4 . 0kerosine 3 . 0______________________________________ composition of a granulate containing an antidote and a thiolcarbamate as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s -- ethyl n , n -- hexamethylenethiolcarbamate 5 . 03 - cyclohexylaminopropionitrile 3 . 0 ( compound no . 25 ) calcined siliceous earth granulate 92 . 0carrier______________________________________ the above thiolcarbamate active ingredient and the antidote are dissolved in 10 % by mass of dichloromethane and sprayed onto the carrier in a rotary granulating equipment under stirring , then the solvent is evaporated at 50 ° c . to give a granulate with a particle size of 0 . 2 to 1 . 0 mm . composition of a suspension ( suspendable ) concentrate containing an antidote with a thiolcarbamate and an urea as active ingredients ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s -- ethyl n -- cyclohexyl - n -- ethylthiol - 40 . 0carbamate3 -( 3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethyl 40 . 0urea3 - phthalimidopropionitrile ( compound 5 . 0no . 20 ) atlox 4896 b emulsifying agent 6 . 0atlox 4857 b emulsifying agent 2 . 0aqueous thickening solution of 2 % by 7 . 0mass of a polysaccharide______________________________________ the tiolcarbamate active ingredient and the emulsifying agents are homogenized by stirring , then the urea active ingredient and the antidote are suspended in the mixture under stirring . the thus - obtained coarse disperse system is finely ground in a laboratory pearl mill and then homogenized with the thickening solution to give a suspension ( suspendable ) concentrate with a particle size lower than 10μ ( in 92 %) and having a floatability of 88 . 2 %. composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and a thiolcarbamate active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s --( 2 , 3 - dichloroallyl ) n , n -- diisopropyl - 40 . 0thioicarbamate4 - methoxyphenylacetonitrile ( compound 4 . 0no . 40 ) atlox 3400 b emulsifying agent 2 . 2atlox 4857 b emulsifying agent 3 . 84 : 1 mixture of xylene with isophorone 50 . 0______________________________________ composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote with a thiolcarbamate and a chloroacetanilide as active ingredients ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________s --( 4 - chlorobenzyl ) n , n -- diethylthiol - 75 . 0carbamate2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;- ethyl - 6 &# 39 ;- methyl - n -- ethoxy - 5 . 0methylacetanilide3 - cyclohexylamino - 2 - methylpropionitrile 2 . 0 ( compound no 49 ) tensiofix as emulsifying agent 2 . 5tensiofix is emulsifying agent 5 . 5xylene 10 . 0______________________________________ composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 3 , 4 - dichlorophenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethyl - 80 . 0urea4 - chlorophenylacetonitrile ( compound 2 . 0no . 18 ) netzer is wetting agent 2 . 0dispergiermittel 1494 dispersing agent 4 . 0wessalon s carrier 12 . 0______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 86 . 4 %. composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote with an urea and a chloroacetanilide as active ingredients ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;- ethyl - 6 &# 39 ;- methyl - n --( 1 - methyl - 60 . 02 - methoxyethyl ) acetanilide3 -( 3 - chloro - 4 - methoxyphenyl )- 1 , 1 - 5 . 0dimethylurea3 - n -- isopropylanilino - 2 - methylpropio - 5 . 0nitrile ( compound no . 51 ) tensiofix as emulsifying agent 6 . 5tensiofix is emulsifying agent 1 . 51 : 1 mixture of xylene with cyclohexanone 22 . 0______________________________________ composition of an equeous suspension ( suspendable ) concentrate containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 3 - chloro - 4 - methylphenyl )- 1 , 1 - di - 46 . 0methylurea2 - chlorobenzonitrile ( compound no . 52 ) 4 . 0atlox 4853 b emulsifying agent 5 . 0atlox 4896 b emulsifying agent 3 . 0water 35 . 0aqueous thickening solution of 2 % by 7 . 0mass of a polysaccharide______________________________________ the emulsifying agents are dissolved in the water , then the urea active ingredient and the antidote are suspended in the solution . thereafter , the coarse disperse system is finely ground in a laboratory pearl mill and then homogenized with the thickening solution to give an aqueous suspension concentrate with a particle size lower than 10μ ( in 93 . 6 %) and having a floatability of 91 . 4 %. composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________1 , 1 - dimethyl - 3 -( 4 - isopropylphenyl ) urea 72 . 02 , 4 , 6 - trimethoxybenzonitrile ( compound 8 . 0no . 53 ) netzer is wetting agent 2 . 5dispergiermittel 1494 dispersing agent 3 . 5ultrasyl vn 3 carrier 14 . 0______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 87 . 2 %. composition of a wettable powder containing an antidote and an urea as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________3 -( 4 - chlorophenyl )- 1 , 1 - dimethylurea 76 . 02 -( 4 - chlorophenylamino ) acetonitrile 4 . 0 ( compound no . 37 ) netzer is wetting agent 2 . 0dispergiermittel 1494 dispersing agent 4 . 0ultrasyl vn 3 carrier 14 . 0______________________________________ the above components are treated as described in example 15 to give a powder composition with a floatability of 85 . 9 %. composition of an emulsifiable concentrate containing an antidote and a chloroacetanilide as active ingredient ______________________________________ % by mass______________________________________2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;, 6 &# 39 ;- diethyl - n -- butoxymethyl - 78 . 0acetanilide2 - methyl - 2 - phenylpropionitrile ( compound 2 . 0no . 5 ) tensiofix as emulsifying agent 3 . 6tensiofix is emulsifying agent 2 . 41 : 1 mixture of xylene with dimethyl - 14 . 0formamide______________________________________ the auxiliary materials used in the above formulation examples were as follows : emulsogen : a mixture of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate with fatty acid polyglycol esters ( product of hoechst ) atlox : a mixture of calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate with poly ( oxyethylene ) alkylphenols ( product of atlas chemie ) tensiofix : octylphenyol polyglycol ether or nonylphenol polyglycol ether , respectively ( product of tensia ) aromatol : a solvent mixture containing 98 % of aromatic compounds with a boiling point of 145 ° to 190 ° c . ( product of the dunai koolajipari vallalat ) ( duna petroleum industry comp .). the phytotoxicity decreasing effect of the nitrile derivatives of the formula ( i ) were investigated both in greenhouse as well as in field experiments . during our inventigations , the percentage value of sprouting of the cultivated plant , the damaging effect observed on the cultivated plant and the herbicide action were measured by using the internationally accepted ewrc scores . these data are summarized in table ii . table ii______________________________________ herbi - phytotoxic symptoms general appearance cideewrc observed on of effectscore cultivated plants % ______________________________________1 none excellent 1002 very mild very good 983 mild symptoms good 954 strong but transient satisfactory 90 symptoms , decrease in crop5 symptoms of unknown problematic 82 origin6 observable harmful unsatisfactory 70 symptoms7 symptoms of a strong poor 55 damage8 symptoms of a very very poor 30 strong damage9 total perishment unsuitable 0______________________________________ study of the antidote effect on urea - type herbicides in greenhouse tests these tests were carried out in cultivating pots with 4 - fold repetitions . the pots of 14 cm in diameter were filled with soil , then 10 maize grains each were sown in the pots and covered with a soil layer of 4 cm in height . then , the pots were treated with the appropriate amount of an urea - type herbicide and the formulated antidote . the plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and sprinkled when necessary . the sprouting plants were evaluated at the end of the fourth week following the sowing . the percentage of the sprouting and the ewrc score of the maize were determined . table iii______________________________________ treatment withnitrile antidote herbicide sprout - compound herbicide kg / hec - kg / hec - ing ewrcno . agent tare tare % score______________________________________1 fenuron 2 . 5 2 . 0 93 . 3 11 fenuron 2 . 5 1 . 0 93 . 3 21 fenuron 0 . 5 2 . 0 96 . 6 11 fenuron 0 . 5 1 . 0 93 . 3 12 fenuron 0 . 5 2 . 0 95 . 0 211 fenuron 0 . 5 2 . 0 93 . 0 21 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 5 96 . 6 31 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 3 31 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 5 94 . 0 11 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 93 . 5 12 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 12 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 22 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 12 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 23 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 23 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 96 . 6 33 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 94 . 3 23 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 93 . 5 24 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 14 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 24 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 14 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 94 . 0 26 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 16 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 96 . 6 26 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 26 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 0 38 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 28 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 93 . 5 28 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 94 . 0 28 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 0 29 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 19 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 29 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 29 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 211 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 100 . 0 111 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 96 . 6 111 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 111 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 96 . 6 112 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 112 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 212 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 212 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 313 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 113 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 97 . 5 113 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 113 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 97 . 5 114 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 6 114 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 214 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 214 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 215 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 115 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 215 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 115 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 216 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 216 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 216 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 216 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 217 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 117 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 217 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 217 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 318 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 118 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 97 . 5 118 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 218 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 219 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 95 . 0 219 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 219 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 92 . 5 319 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 92 . 5 323 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 123 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 97 . 5 123 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 123 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 97 . 5 152 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 97 . 5 152 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 252 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 96 . 5 152 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 95 . 0 2cga 43 . 089 linuron 0 . 5 1 . 25 92 . 5 3cga 43 . 089 linuron 0 . 5 2 . 50 90 . 0 3cga 43 . 089 linuron 2 . 5 1 . 25 89 . 0 3cga 43 . 089 linuron 2 . 5 2 . 50 89 . 0 3 -- linuron -- 2 . 0 88 . 0 7 -- fenuron -- 1 . 0 90 . 0 5 -- linuron -- 2 . 5 86 . 0 7 -- linuron -- 1 . 25 89 . 0 5 -- untreated -- -- 96 . 6 1 control______________________________________ a known antidote , cyanomethoxy - iminophenylacetonitrile ( code number : cga 43 , 089 : was used as reference agent in these experiments . the data of table iii prove that the toxicity of both fenuron and linuron is diminished and the sprouting percentage of the maize is improved by using the nitrile derivatives . study of the antidote effect in the case of thiolcarbamate - type herbicides in greenhouse tests these tests were carried out in pots of 14 cm in diameter with 5 - fold repetitions . the pots were filled with sandy adobe soil to the two - thirds of their volume and 10 grains of maize each were placed in the pots . then , the grains were covered with treated or untreated , respectively soil of 5 cm in height according to the given experiment . the soil was treated in such a way that the composition containing both the antidote and herbicide as calculated for the soil with a given surface area was diluted with a water amount corresponding to 400 liters / hectare and then , this mixture was sprayed onto the soil by using a rotary , small concrete mixer . in addition to the experimental samples treated with the herbicide alone or treated , respectively with both the antidote and herbicide , an untreated control was also used . the plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and sprinkled when necessary . the evaluation was carried out at the end of the fourth week following the sowing . the percentage of sprouting and the ewrc score were determined ; furthermore , the green weight of the sprouting plant was measured and related to that of the untreated control . the results are summarized in table iv . table iv______________________________________treatment withnitrile antidote herbicide greencompound kg / eptc sprouting ewrc weightno . hectare kg / hectare % score % ______________________________________1 2 . 50 -- 83 . 3 1 85 . 81 2 . 50 8 . 0 80 . 0 1 99 . 71 0 . 50 8 . 0 76 . 6 1 100 . 810 2 . 50 -- 83 . 3 1 98 . 710 2 . 50 8 . 0 83 . 3 1 87 . 513 0 . 50 8 . 0 80 . 0 1 92 . 121 0 . 50 8 . 0 80 . 0 3 94 . 521 1 . 00 8 . 0 83 . 3 2 94 . 419 0 . 50 8 . 0 83 . 3 1 96 . 019 0 . 75 8 . 0 76 . 6 3 91 . 018 0 . 50 8 . 0 76 . 6 3 90 . 018 0 . 75 8 . 0 83 . 3 1 97 . 9 -- -- 8 . 0 63 . 3 5 70 . 8r 25788 0 . 5 8 . 0 63 . 3 2 88 . 3 -- -- -- 83 . 3 1 100 . 0______________________________________ it can clearly be seen from table iv that , on using the nitrile antidotes according to the invention , both the percentage of sprouting and the green weight became more advantageous on comparison to the known antidote n , n - diallyldichloroacetamide ( r 25788 ). study of the antidote effect in the case of chloroacetanilide - type herbicides in greenhouse tests these tests were carried out in pots of 14 cm in diameter with 4 - fold repetitions . the pots were filled with soil to the two - thirds of their volume and 10 sugar beet seeds each were sown in the pots , then covered with soil of 4 cm in height . the treatment was carried out with a tank mixture containing both the antidote and the chloroacetanilide - type herbicide . the plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and sprinkled when necessary . the experiments were evaluated after sowing . the results are summarized in table v . table v______________________________________ treatment withnitrile herbicidecompound antidote acenit 50 ec sprouting ewrcno . kg / hectare kg / hectare % % ______________________________________1 2 . 5 -- 73 . 3 11 2 . 5 10 53 . 3 11 2 . 5 5 76 . 6 11 0 . 5 -- 90 . 0 11 0 . 5 10 43 . 3 11 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 110 2 . 5 -- 80 . 0 110 2 . 5 10 50 . 0 510 2 . 5 5 73 . 3 110 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 110 0 . 5 10 46 . 6 510 0 . 5 5 80 . 0 111 2 . 5 -- 73 . 3 111 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 511 2 . 5 5 73 . 3 111 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 111 0 . 5 10 46 . 6 511 0 . 5 5 43 . 3 520 0 . 5 -- 80 . 0 120 0 . 5 5 73 . 5 120 0 . 5 10 46 . 6 320 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 120 2 . 5 5 73 . 3 120 2 . 5 10 53 . 3 221 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 121 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 121 0 . 5 10 66 . 6 221 2 . 5 -- 73 . 3 121 2 . 5 5 66 . 6 221 2 . 5 10 63 . 3 222 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 122 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 122 0 . 5 10 66 . 6 222 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 122 2 . 5 5 73 . 3 222 2 . 5 10 60 . 0 324 0 . 5 -- 73 . 3 124 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 124 0 . 5 10 63 . 3 224 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 124 2 . 5 5 56 . 6 324 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 325 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 125 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 125 0 . 5 10 70 . 0 225 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 125 2 . 5 5 76 . 6 125 2 . 5 10 73 . 3 130 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 130 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 130 0 . 5 10 60 . 0 230 2 . 5 -- 73 . 3 130 2 . 5 5 70 . 0 230 2 . 5 10 56 . 6 332 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 132 0 . 5 5 73 . 6 232 0 . 5 10 60 . 0 232 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 132 2 . 5 5 60 . 0 332 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 333 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 133 0 . 5 5 70 . 0 133 0 . 5 10 56 . 6 233 2 . 5 -- 80 . 0 133 2 . 5 5 73 . 6 133 2 . 5 10 70 . 0 134 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 134 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 134 0 . 5 10 73 . 6 134 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 134 2 . 5 5 63 . 3 234 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 436 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 136 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 136 0 . 5 10 66 . 6 236 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 136 2 . 5 5 66 . 6 236 2 . 5 10 53 . 3 237 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 137 0 . 5 5 66 . 6 237 0 . 5 10 50 . 0 337 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 137 2 . 5 5 46 . 6 337 2 . 5 10 43 . 3 439 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 139 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 139 0 . 5 10 66 . 6 239 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 139 2 . 5 5 53 . 3 339 2 . 5 10 53 . 3 340 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 140 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 140 0 . 5 10 56 . 6 240 2 . 5 -- 80 . 0 140 2 . 5 5 53 . 3 240 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 341 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 141 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 141 0 . 5 10 60 . 0 241 2 . 5 -- 73 . 6 141 2 . 5 5 66 . 6 241 2 . 5 10 43 . 3 342 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 142 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 142 0 . 5 10 66 . 6 142 2 . 5 -- 73 . 3 142 2 . 5 5 56 . 6 242 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 343 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 143 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 143 0 . 5 10 63 . 3 243 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 143 2 . 5 5 66 . 6 143 2 . 5 10 53 . 3 344 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 144 0 . 5 5 63 . 3 244 0 . 5 10 43 . 3 344 2 . 5 -- 70 . 0 244 2 . 5 5 56 . 6 344 2 . 5 10 40 . 0 445 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 145 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 145 0 . 5 10 76 . 6 245 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 145 2 . 5 5 63 . 3 245 2 . 5 10 50 . 0 346 0 . 5 -- 80 . 0 146 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 146 0 . 5 10 60 . 0 246 2 . 5 -- 70 . 0 246 2 . 5 5 56 . 6 346 2 . 5 10 43 . 3 447 0 . 5 -- 73 . 3 147 0 . 5 5 66 . 6 247 0 . 5 10 43 . 3 447 2 . 5 -- 66 . 6 247 2 . 5 5 43 . 3 447 2 . 5 10 43 . 3 448 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 148 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 148 0 . 5 10 56 . 6 348 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 148 2 . 5 5 56 . 6 348 2 . 5 10 43 . 3 349 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 149 0 . 5 5 76 . 6 149 0 . 5 10 73 . 3 149 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 149 2 . 5 5 73 . 3 149 2 . 5 10 70 . 0 150 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 150 0 . 5 5 70 . 0 150 0 . 5 10 56 . 6 250 2 . 5 -- 73 . 3 150 2 . 5 5 66 . 6 250 2 . 5 10 53 . 3 251 0 . 5 -- 76 . 6 151 0 . 5 5 73 . 3 151 0 . 5 10 60 . 0 151 2 . 5 -- 76 . 6 151 2 . 5 5 60 . 0 151 2 . 5 10 46 . 6 3 -- -- 10 0 . 0 9 -- -- 5 10 . 0 8r 25788 2 . 5 10 10 . 0 8r 25788 0 . 5 5 36 . 6 8cga 43 . 089 0 . 5 -- 73 . 3 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 5 5 46 . 6 3cga 43 . 089 0 . 5 10 33 . 3 4cga 43 . 089 2 . 5 -- 66 . 6 2cga 43 . 089 2 . 5 5 43 . 3 4cga 43 . 089 2 . 5 10 36 . 6 5 -- -- -- 76 . 6 1______________________________________ the data of table v show that , on the treatment with acenit 50 ec containing 50 % of acetochlor [ chemically 2 - chloro - 2 &# 39 ;- ethyl - 6 &# 39 ;- methyl - n - ethoxymethylacetanilide ], the sugar beet sprouted to a very little extent ( 10 %) or not at all . the sprouting was also low when the well known n , n - diallyldichloroacetamide ( code number : r 25788 ) herbicide agent and cyanomethoxy - iminophenylacetonitrile ( code number : cga 43 . 089 ) antidote were used , whereas the phytotoxic effects of acetochlor were significantly diminished by using the nitrile compounds of the invention . study of the antidote effect in the case of urea - type herbicides by using various cultivated plants these tests were carried out in plastic pots lined with a plastic foil which were capable of receiving 800 g of soil . 400 g of air - dry field soil each were weighed in the cultivating pots . the soil had a ph value of 4 . 67 , a cledginess of 46 according to arany and an organic substance content of 1 . 97 %. as test plants , 10 grains of pi - 3707 maize , 5 seeds of soy and 20 grains of wheat each were sown onto the soil in the pots . after sowing , the seeds were covered with 100 g of soil and the treatments were carried out in 4 - fold repetitions . the plants were cultivated at 28 ± 4 ° c . by using an illumination period lasting 16 hours . the water was daily supplied up to the total capacity . the evaluation was carried out at the 12th day calculated from the sowing , i . e . at the 8th day calculated from the sprouting . the sprout height of the maize as well as the green weight of the soy and wheat were measured . the results are summarized in tables vi , vii and viii . table vi______________________________________ maizenitrile treatment with sproutcompound antidote herbicide heightno . herbicide kg / hectare kg / hectare cm______________________________________1 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 36 . 01 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 31 . 55 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 34 . 85 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 36 . 77 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 40 . 17 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 39 . 310 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 34 . 410 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 36 . 111 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 36 . 811 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 36 . 213 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 37 . 113 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 36 . 025 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 40 . 425 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 37 . 126 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 39 . 426 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 40 . 327 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 40 . 527 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 36 . 927 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 37 . 327 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 32 . 728 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 42 . 228 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 39 . 328 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 32 . 228 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 36 . 429 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 39 . 629 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 35 . 729 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 37 . 129 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 37 . 431 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 37 . 231 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 41 . 835 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 41 . 035 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 38 . 438 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 35 . 638 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 32 . 453 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 41 . 553 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 38 . 056 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 36 . 956 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 40 . 957 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 39 . 957 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 35 . 658 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 39 . 558 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 40 . 9 -- -- -- -- 36 . 9 -- isoproturon -- 2 . 0 34 . 7 -- isoproturon -- 4 . 0 29 . 65 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 34 . 85 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 30 . 37 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 34 . 87 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 33 . 510 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 34 . 810 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 31 . 028 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 35 . 628 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 31 . 131 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 30 . 131 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 34 . 753 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 36 . 453 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 33 . 9 -- diuron -- 4 . 0 29 . 428 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 37 . 428 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 41 . 228 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 43 . 428 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 39 . 835 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 42 . 335 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 44 . 753 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 39 . 653 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 41 . 653 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 44 . 453 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 42 . 156 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 43 . 156 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 44 . 556 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 40 . 856 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 39 . 658 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 43 . 858 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 41 . 858 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 40 . 058 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 38 . 9 -- chlorbromuron -- 2 . 0 36 . 9 -- chlorbromuron -- 4 . 0 34 . 8______________________________________ it can be seen from table vi that the maize was protected from the harmful effects of the various urea - type herbicides by using the nitrile derivatives according to the invention as antidotes . table vii______________________________________ green weightnitrile of wheat ascom - treatment with % of the un - pound antidote herbicide treated con - no . herbicide kg / hectare kg / hectare trol______________________________________1 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 821 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 1245 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 1165 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 1527 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 1247 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 12711 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 8611 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 10313 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 10013 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 13626 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 9726 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 10927 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 12327 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 13728 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 8328 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 11329 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 10129 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 14431 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 12331 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 13032 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 19332 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 28835 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 13635 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 15353 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 18253 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 7557 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 14757 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 14158 isoproturon 0 . 25 4 . 0 13658 isoproturon 1 . 0 4 . 0 141 -- isoproturon -- 4 . 0 786 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 1066 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 11125 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 8225 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10726 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 8626 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10328 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11028 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 6531 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11331 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10232 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 8532 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10038 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 9938 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10653 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 9253 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10756 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 9556 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 11657 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 9157 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 146 -- diuron -- 2 . 0 641 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 911 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 1211 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 1071 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 1055 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 895 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 625 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 1045 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 887 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 1817 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 1217 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 597 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 9613 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 6713 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 5213 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 10813 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 10626 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11226 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10726 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 10826 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 10827 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11327 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 7727 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 9927 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 10558 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 10058 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10658 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 13458 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 12859 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 10659 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 7559 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 14159 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 112 -- chlorbromuron -- 2 . 0 60 -- chlorbromuron -- 4 . 0 44______________________________________ it is evident from the data of table vii that the wheat was effectively protected from the harmful effect of various herbicidal urea derivatives such as isoproturon , diuron and chlorbromuron by using the nitrile derivatives of the invention as antidotes . table viii______________________________________nitrile green weightcom - treatment with of soy as % pound antidote herbicide of the un - no . herbicide kg / hectare kg / hectare treated control______________________________________1 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 1041 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 10325 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 8925 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 11132 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 10432 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 9256 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 8856 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 11157 isoproturon 0 . 25 2 . 0 12657 isoproturon 1 . 0 2 . 0 119 -- isoproturon -- 2 . 0 851 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 861 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 1451 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 1061 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 1047 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 997 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 1197 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 917 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 11210 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11610 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10510 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 9810 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 10311 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 10611 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 8411 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 10611 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 9413 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11813 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10613 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 9713 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 14125 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 10025 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 11825 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 9225 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 10427 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 12327 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 12327 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 9227 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 10332 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11932 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 13332 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 13432 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 9956 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 12456 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 9456 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 8956 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 11257 diuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 16957 diuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10857 diuron 0 . 25 4 . 0 8857 diuron 1 . 0 4 . 0 102 -- diuron -- 2 . 0 82 -- diuron -- 4 . 0 881 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 881 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 1105 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 1085 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 8210 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11010 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10111 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 10211 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 13713 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11213 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 11127 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 13127 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 9728 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 8528 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 11131 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 12231 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 12632 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 12232 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 11838 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 11138 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 9253 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 12653 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 12356 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 13556 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 10257 chlorbromuron 0 . 25 2 . 0 13757 chlorbromuron 1 . 0 2 . 0 116 -- chlorbromuron -- 2 . 0 80______________________________________ the results summarized in table viii also support that the soy was effectively protected from the harmful effect of various herbicidal urea derivatives such as isoproturor , diuron and chlorbromuron by using the nitrile derivatives of the invention as antidotes . study of the antidote effect in the case of urea - type herbicides on maize species with various sensitivity these tests were carried cut in pots of 14 cm in diameter with 5 - fold repetitions . the pots were filled with a sandy adobe soil to the two - thirds of their volume and 10 grains of maize each of the species eta - tc , pi - 3901 , pi - 3965 and pi - 3839 , respectively were sown in the pots , then the grains were covered with a treated or untreated soil of 5 cm in height according to the given experiment . the soil was treated with 6 kg / hectare of linuron together with various amounts of the nitrile antidotes . the height of the sprout was determined and compared to the untreated control . the results are summarized in table ix . table ix______________________________________nitrile antidote sprout heightcompound dose maize as % of the un - no . kg / hectare species treated control______________________________________1 0 . 1 pi - 3901 84 . 01 0 . 5 pi - 3901 89 . 91 1 . 0 pi - 3901 99 . 31 1 . 5 pi - 3901 89 . 27 0 . 1 pi - 3901 85 . 77 0 . 5 pi - 3901 94 . 47 1 . 0 pi - 3901 101 . 77 1 . 5 pi - 3901 97 . 210 0 . 1 pi - 3901 90 . 210 0 . 5 pi - 3901 86 . 810 1 . 0 pi - 3901 91 . 810 1 . 5 pi - 3901 91 . 613 0 . 1 pi - 3901 96 . 113 0 . 5 pi - 3901 106 . 313 1 . 0 pi - 3901 94 . 413 1 . 5 pi - 3901 84 . 718 0 . 1 pi - 3901 85 . 418 0 . 5 pi - 3901 104 . 218 1 . 0 pi - 3901 114 . 318 1 . 5 pi - 3901 99 . 3 -- -- pi - 3901 81 . 56 0 . 1 eta - tc 98 . 86 0 . 5 eta - tc 100 . 86 1 . 0 eta - tc 89 . 26 1 . 5 eta - tc 93 . 07 0 . 1 eta - tc 101 . 47 0 . 5 eta - tc 89 . 67 1 . 0 eta - tc 94 . 87 1 . 5 eta - tc 94 . 713 0 . 1 eta - tc 98 . 013 0 . 5 eta - tc 101 . 413 1 . 0 eta - tc 97 . 313 1 . 5 eta - tc 91 . 4 -- -- eta - tc 89 . 11 0 . 1 pi - 3965 106 . 81 0 . 5 pi - 3965 98 . 91 1 . 0 pi - 3965 112 . 91 1 . 5 pi - 3965 109 . 06 0 . 1 pi - 3965 111 . 56 0 . 5 pi - 3965 97 . 56 1 . 0 pi - 3965 96 . 16 1 . 5 pi - 3965 109 . 37 0 . 1 pi - 3965 100 . 57 0 . 5 pi - 3965 119 . 77 1 . 0 pi - 3965 97 . 57 1 . 5 pi - 3965 117 . 210 0 . 1 pi - 3965 111 . 110 0 . 5 pi - 3965 118 . 310 1 . 0 pi - 3965 121 . 510 1 . 5 pi - 3965 101 . 413 0 . 1 pi - 3965 107 . 913 0 . 5 pi - 3965 112 . 213 1 . 0 pi - 3965 121 . 913 1 . 5 pi - 3965 109 . 018 0 . 1 pi - 3965 120 . 418 0 . 5 pi - 3965 101 . 118 1 . 0 pi - 3965 96 . 418 1 . 5 pi - 3965 97 . 8 -- -- pi - 3965 96 . 11 0 . 1 pi - 3839 79 . 51 0 . 5 pi - 3839 86 . 81 1 . 0 pi - 3839 96 . 01 1 . 5 pi - 3839 86 . 23 0 . 1 pi - 3839 111 . 63 0 . 5 pi - 3839 104 . 23 1 . 0 pi - 3839 106 . 83 1 . 5 pi - 3839 104 . 87 0 . 1 pi - 3839 94 . 27 0 . 5 pi - 3839 87 . 87 1 . 0 pi - 3839 84 . 97 1 . 5 pi - 3839 92 . 610 0 . 1 pi - 3839 92 . 410 0 . 5 pi - 3839 96 . 810 1 . 0 pi - 3839 92 . 310 1 . 5 pi - 3839 97 . 113 0 . 1 pi - 3839 100 . 313 0 . 5 pi - 3839 90 . 013 1 . 0 pi - 3839 97 . 413 1 . 5 pi - 3839 89 . 118 0 . 1 pi - 3839 96 . 118 0 . 5 pi - 3839 105 . 618 1 . 0 pi - 3839 105 . 118 1 . 5 pi - 3839 103 . 9 -- -- pi - 3839 78 . 5______________________________________ it can be seen from table ix that maize species with various sensitivity were also protected by using the antidotes of the invention . after the greenhouse tests , the phytotoxicity - diminishing effect of the nitrile derivatives according to the invention was investigated in small - parcel experiments . in these tests , the antidote and herbicide compositions were used partly in the form of a tank mixture and partly in a formulation containing both the herbicide agent and the nitrile derivative . the experiments were continuously evaluated by determining the percentage of sprouting of the cultivated plants , by observing the damages caused by the herbicides as well as by evaluating the amount of the crop and registering the herbicide action . from an economical point of view , the water content of the crop has a high significance : this water content is increased on the use of herbicides . thus , on the assessment of our field experiments , a real extent of the antidote action also appears in the decrease of the water content . study of the antidote effect in the case of urea - type herbicides in small - parcel tests the phytotoxicity - decreasing effect in the case of an urea - type herbicide was studied with pivalonitrile ( compound no . 1 ) in small - parcel tests . the antidote was formulated together with linuron as active ingredient in a common formulation according to four ratios . the formulation was applied by spraying with water in the form of a wettable powder composition ( as described in example 15 ). these tests were carried out on parcels of 20 m 2 with 4 - fold repetitions by using pioner - 3950 maize cultivated on an adobe soil of mezoseg containing 1 . 46 % of organic substances . the results of the measurements , i . e . the number of plants / parcel , the height of the plants , the length of the maize - ear covered by grains , the amount of grain - crop / parcel and the water content of the harvested crop are summarized in table x . table x__________________________________________________________________________ maize - ear linuron covered compound dose no . of plant withnitrile dose kg / hec - plants height grains crop amount water contentno . kg / hectare tare pc . cm cm kg % __________________________________________________________________________1 0 . 5 4 150 186 . 7 17 . 3 6 . 95 29 . 41 0 . 5 2 148 194 . 5 16 . 3 6 . 66 30 . 21 0 . 25 4 147 178 . 2 16 . 4 6 . 37 30 . 41 0 . 25 2 147 186 . 2 15 . 0 5 . 49 28 . 2 -- -- 4 140 172 . 5 15 . 1 4 . 45 31 . 7 -- -- 2 142 178 . 4 15 . 6 4 . 80 31 . 0untreated control 151 196 . 1 15 . 8 5 . 98 28 . 3__________________________________________________________________________ simultaneously , the occurrance of seven weeds in these parcels was investigated and the extent of the weed control was characterized by ewrc scoring in table xi . table xi______________________________________nitrilecompound linurondose dose time of herbicide effect inkg / kg / hec - evalua - ewrc scoreno . hectare tare tion 1 2 3 4 5 6 7______________________________________1 0 . 5 4 01 . 06 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 04 . 07 . 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 06 . 08 . 2 1 1 6 7 1 11 0 . 5 2 01 . 06 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 04 . 07 . 1 1 1 4 3 1 1 06 . 08 . 2 1 1 6 7 1 11 0 . 25 4 01 . 06 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 04 . 07 . 1 1 1 3 4 1 1 06 . 08 . 2 1 1 6 7 1 11 0 . 25 2 01 . 06 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 04 . 07 . 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 06 . 08 . 2 1 1 6 7 1 1 -- -- 4 01 . 06 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 04 . 07 . 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 06 . 08 . 1 1 1 5 5 1 1 -- -- 2 01 . 06 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 04 . 07 . 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 06 . 08 . 2 1 1 6 7 1 1untreated control 01 . 06 . 9 8 7 8 8 7 8 04 . 07 . 9 9 8 9 9 8 9untreated control 06 . 08 . 9 9 9 9 9 8 9______________________________________ it is evident from table xi , that the herbicide effect of linuron was not decreased , whereas the phytotoxicity exerted or the maize was eliminated by using the antidote of the invention . similarly to the preceding example , the diminishing effect of the nitrile derivatives of the invention on the phytotoxicity of the commonly known thiolcarbamate ( eptc ) herbicide as well as the development of the herbicide action were investigated in small - parcel field experiments . the tests were carried out in parcels of 20 m 2 by cultivating nk - pi - 20 maize in 4 - fold repetitions . for the treatments , eptc and two nitrile derivatives ( compounds nos . 1 and 11 ) were applied by spraying with water before sowing in the form of an emulsifiable concentrate as described in example 13 and 14 and worked into the soil . the results of these experiments are summarized in table xii . table xii__________________________________________________________________________ maize - earnitrile antidote eptc no . of plant covered waterdose kg / dose plants height with grains crop amount contentno . hectare kg / hectare pc cm cm kg % __________________________________________________________________________1 1 . 25 8 167 192 . 1 21 . 8 8 . 27 24 . 81 0 . 25 8 158 185 . 3 22 . 8 6 . 15 30 . 411 1 . 25 8 163 187 . 2 21 . 6 5 . 85 25 . 811 0 . 25 8 157 182 . 6 20 . 5 7 . 60 31 . 7 -- -- 8 145 171 . 6 19 . 9 5 . 12 33 . 6r - 257881 . 25 8 160 186 . 1 21 . 4 5 . 71 33 . 6untreated control 165 188 . 7 20 . 4 6 . 63 29 . 2__________________________________________________________________________ likewise , the herbicide effect was also studied in the parcels by using the ewrc scores . the results are summarized in table xiii . table xiii__________________________________________________________________________nitrile antidote eptcdose dose time of herbicide effect in ewrc scoreno . kg / hectare kg / hectare evaluation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7__________________________________________________________________________1 1 . 25 8 11 . 06 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 13 . 07 . 1 1 1 5 6 1 1 12 . 08 . 1 1 1 7 8 1 11 0 . 25 8 11 . 06 . 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 13 . 07 . 1 1 1 6 6 1 1 12 . 08 . 1 1 1 7 8 1 111 1 . 25 8 11 . 06 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 13 . 07 . 1 1 1 5 5 1 1 12 . 08 . 1 1 1 7 8 1 111 0 . 25 8 11 . 06 . 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 13 . 07 . 1 1 1 6 5 1 1 12 . 08 . 1 1 1 7 8 1 1 -- -- 8 11 . 06 . 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 13 . 07 . 1 1 1 4 6 1 1 12 . 08 . 1 1 1 5 8 1 1r - 257881 . 25 8 11 . 06 . 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 13 . 07 . 1 1 1 4 5 1 1 12 . 08 . 1 1 1 6 8 1 1untreated control 11 . 06 . 8 7 7 8 8 6 7 13 . 07 . 9 8 8 9 9 7 8 12 . 08 . 9 8 9 9 9 7 8__________________________________________________________________________ study of the antidote effect in the case of a chlortoluron herbicide in small - parcel experiment the antidote effect of the compounds according to the invention was studied in a small - parcel field experiment on a wheat of rana 2 species . these experiments were carried out in parcels of 20 m 2 on a loose sandy soil with 4 - fold repetitions . the treatments were performed by spraying out an appropriate amount of the antidote and herbicide in the form of a tank mixture in the middle of march . the evaluation was made by using an ewrc score , twice during the cultivating period . both the damages caused by the herbicide as well as the herbicide effect were determined . the results are summarized in table xiv . table xiv______________________________________ chlor - toluron 80nitrile compound wp ewrc score dose kg / dose kg / wheat apera spica ventino . hectare hectare 1 2 1 2______________________________________ -- -- 2 . 0 1 1 1 1 -- -- 4 . 0 4 3 1 1 -- -- 6 . 0 6 5 1 11 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 11 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 11 0 . 4 4 . 0 1 1 1 11 0 . 8 4 . 0 1 1 1 11 0 . 6 6 . 0 2 1 1 11 1 . 2 6 . 0 1 1 1 111 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 111 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 111 0 . 4 4 . 0 1 1 1 111 0 . 8 4 . 0 1 1 1 111 0 . 6 6 . 0 2 1 1 111 1 . 2 6 . 0 2 1 1 123 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 123 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 123 0 . 4 4 . 0 1 1 1 123 0 . 8 4 . 0 1 1 2 223 0 . 6 6 . 0 1 1 1 123 1 . 2 6 . 0 1 1 2 323 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 125 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 125 0 . 4 4 . 0 2 2 1 125 0 . 8 4 . 0 2 1 1 125 0 . 6 6 . 0 3 2 1 125 1 . 2 6 . 0 3 1 1 130 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 130 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 130 0 . 4 4 . 0 2 1 1 130 0 . 8 4 . 0 2 2 1 130 0 . 6 6 . 0 3 2 1 130 1 . 2 6 . 0 3 2 1 141 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 141 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 141 0 . 4 4 . 0 3 2 1 141 0 . 8 4 . 0 2 1 1 141 0 . 6 6 . 0 3 2 1 141 1 . 2 6 . 0 2 1 1 1cga . 43 . 089 0 . 2 2 . 0 1 1 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 4 2 . 0 1 1 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 4 4 . 0 3 2 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 8 4 . 0 3 2 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 6 6 . 0 5 4 1 1cga 43 . 089 1 . 2 6 . 0 4 3 1 1______________________________________ it is evident from the data of table xiv that , in comparison to cyanomethoxy - iminophenylacetonitrile ( code number : 43 . 089 ), a known antidote , the antidote nitrile derivatives of the invention were more effective in the decrease or elimination , respectively of the harmful effect of the chlortoluron herbicide . study of the antidote effect in the case of a metobromuron herbicide in small - parcel experiment the antidote effect of the compounds according to the invention was studied in a small - parcel field experiment on a potato of desiree species . these experiments were carried out in parcels of 20 m 2 on a loose sandy soil with 4 - fold repetitions . the treatments were postemergently carried out after hilling . the evaluation was performed by using an ewrc score , twice during the cultivating period . both the damages caused by the herbicide as well as the herbicide effect were determined . the results are summarized in table xv . table xv______________________________________ meto - bromuronnitrile compound 50 wp dose dose ewrc score kg / kg / potato echinocloa setariano . hectare hectare 1 2 1 2 1 2______________________________________ -- -- 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 2 -- -- 6 . 0 4 2 1 1 1 1 -- -- 9 . 0 6 2 1 1 1 15 0 . 15 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 25 0 . 30 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 25 0 . 30 6 . 0 2 2 1 1 1 15 0 . 60 6 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 15 0 . 45 9 . 0 2 2 1 1 1 15 0 . 90 9 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 120 0 . 15 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 220 0 . 30 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 320 0 . 30 6 . 0 3 2 1 1 1 120 0 . 60 6 . 0 2 1 1 1 1 120 0 . 45 9 . 0 3 2 1 1 1 120 0 . 90 9 . 0 2 1 1 1 1 128 0 . 15 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 228 0 . 30 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 328 0 . 30 6 . 0 2 2 1 1 1 128 0 . 60 6 . 0 2 1 1 1 1 128 0 . 45 9 . 0 3 2 1 1 1 128 0 . 90 9 . 0 2 1 1 1 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 15 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 2cga 43 . 089 0 . 30 3 . 0 1 1 2 3 2 2cga 43 . 089 0 . 30 6 . 0 3 2 1 1 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 60 6 . 0 3 2 1 1 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 45 9 . 0 5 2 1 1 1 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 90 9 . 0 4 2 1 1 1 1______________________________________ it is evident from the data of table xv that , in comparison to cyanomethoxy - iminophenylacetonitrile ( code number : 43 . 089 :, a known antidote , the antidote nitrile derivatives of the invention were more effective in the decrease or elimination , respectively of the harmful effect of the metobromuron herbicide . study of the antidote effect in the case of a chlorbormuron herbicide in small - parcel experiment this field experiment was carried out or sun - flower of nsa - 26 species in parcels of 20 m 2 with 4 - fold repetitions on a mildly humified soil containing 1 % of organic materials . the treatments were performed preemergently by applying the antidote and herbicide in the form of a tank mixture . in the experimental area no weediness was developed thus , the phytotoxic effect caused by the herbicide was only evaluated . the results are summarized in table xvi . table xvi______________________________________nitrile compound chlorbromuron dose 50 wp kg / hec - dose ewrc scoreno . tare kg / hectare 1 2______________________________________ 2 . 5 2 1 7 . 5 6 533 0 . 1 2 . 5 2 133 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 133 0 . 3 7 . 5 4 233 0 . 9 7 . 5 3 235 0 . 1 2 . 5 2 135 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 135 0 . 3 7 . 5 3 335 0 . 9 7 . 5 3 240 0 . 1 2 . 5 2 140 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 140 0 . 3 7 . 5 3 340 0 . 9 7 . 5 3 342 0 . 1 2 . 5 1 142 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 142 0 . 3 7 . 5 2 142 0 . 9 7 . 5 1 144 0 . 1 2 . 5 2 144 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 144 0 . 3 7 . 5 3 144 0 . 9 7 . 5 2 148 0 . 1 2 . 5 1 148 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 148 0 . 3 7 . 5 3 148 0 . 9 7 . 5 2 149 0 . 1 2 . 5 1 149 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 149 0 . 3 7 . 5 2 149 0 . 9 7 . 5 1 151 0 . 1 2 . 5 2 151 0 . 3 2 . 5 1 151 0 . 3 7 . 5 2 251 0 . 9 7 . 5 2 2gca 43 . 089 0 . 1 2 . 5 2 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 3 2 . 5 2 1cga 43 . 089 0 . 3 7 . 5 4 3cga 43 . 089 0 . 9 7 . 5 4 3______________________________________ the results of table xvi also support that , in comparison to cyanomethoxy - iminophenylacetonitrile ( code number : 43 . 089 ) a known antidote , the antidote according to the invention showed a better protective action .
the invention relates to a herbicide composition comprising as herbicidally active ingredient an urea derivative and / or a thiolcargamate derivative and / or a chloroacetanilide derivative together with a nitrile derivative of the general formula , ## str1 ## wherein r 1 and r 2 which are the same or different , stand for hydroger , halogen or a methyl , ethyl , allyl , vinyl , phenyl or benzyl group ; or r 1 and r 2 together may stand for a benzylidene group ; and r 3 means chlorine or a methyl , phenyl , chlorophenyl , alkoxyphenyl , chlorophenylamino , anilino , anilinomethylene , n - alkylanilinomethylene , n , n - dialkylanilinomethylene , alkoxyanilinomethylene , benzylaminomethylene , cyclohexylaminomethylene , n - alkyl - cyclohexylaminomethylene , hexamethyleniminomethylene , phthalimidomethylene , nitrophthalimidomethylene , morpholinomethylene , piperidinomethylene , c 1 - 3 alkylaminomethylene , allylaminomethylene or diaminorethylene group and / or together with a cyanopyridine and / or with a benzonitrile derivative optionally mono - or polysubstituted by halogen or c 1 - 3 alkoxy group as antidote in a mass ratio from 40 : 1 to 1 : 1 of the herbicidally active ingredient to the antidote nitrile derivative .