Let $f: X \rightarrow X'$ be a morphism of schemes, and let $\mathcal{I}^{\bullet}$ be a complex of $\mathcal{O}\_X$-modules. There are two spectral sequences (well, more than that, but these are the two I care about) abutting to the hypercohomology $\mathbb{H}^n(X, \mathcal{I}^{\bullet})$. The first is the second spectral sequence of hypercohomology, which has $E\_2$-term


$E\_2^{p,q} = H^p(X, H^q(\mathcal{I}^{\bullet}))$


(where $H^q(\mathcal{I}^{\bullet})$ just means the $q^{th}$ cohomology object of the complex $\mathcal{I}^{\bullet}$)


and the second is the Leray spectral sequence associated with $f$, which has $E\_2$-term


$E\_2^{p,q} = H^p(X', R^q f\_\* \mathcal{I}^{\bullet})$


(Here, since the terms in the spectral sequence are $\Gamma(X', \mathcal{O}\_{X'})$-modules, the abutment $\mathbb{H}^n(X, \mathcal{I}^{\bullet})$ must be viewed as a $\Gamma(X', \mathcal{O}\_{X'})$-module by restricting scalars.)


Are there conditions on $X, X', f$, and/or $\mathcal{I}^{\bullet}$ under which we can say that these $E\_2$-terms are the same, that is, that $H^p(X, H^q(\mathcal{I}^{\bullet})) \simeq H^p(X', R^q f\_\* \mathcal{I}^{\bullet})$ as $\Gamma(X', \mathcal{O}\_{X'})$-modules.


In this (non-degenerate) case, it's not really a spectral sequence question at all, but a question of somehow comparing two iterated cohomology objects. In the case I care about, in which I suspect for other reasons that there will be such an isomorphism but the spectral sequences will almost surely not degenerate at $E\_2$, there are lots of nice properties that can be assumed: $X$ and $X'$ are smooth and projective over a field, $f$ is smooth and projective (hence, in particular, proper and flat), and the complex $\mathcal{I}^{\bullet}$ is a complex of **injective** $\mathcal{O}\_X$-modules (but not, however, an injective resolution of any single $\mathcal{O}\_X$-module).


(Edited 7/2: as Karl Schwede points out, even if both degenerate at the $E\_2$-term there's no reason to assume all the terms are the same.)



Comparison between $E_2$-terms of Leray and "second hypercohomology" spectral sequences
In the second spectral sequence you write $R^q f\_\ast I^\bullet$. This is correct but $R^qf\_\ast$ must be considered as the $q$th *hyper-derived functor* applied to the complex $I^\bullet$, it is not the ordinary derived functor $R^qf\_\ast$ applied termwise. See my answer to [Construction of the spectral sequence of Katz/Oda](https://mathoverflow.net/questions/132561/) for more details.


Once you observe this, then you find that the hypercohomology spectral sequence is just the special case of the Leray spectral sequence when $f = \mathrm{id}$. Indeed the hyper-derived functor $R^q \mathrm{id}\_\ast$ is just the functor $\mathcal H^q$.


*Addendum:* One situation where what you want is actually true (and which is more general than $f=\mathrm{id}$) is if all cohomology sheaves $\mathcal H^q(I^\bullet)$ are $f\_\ast$-acyclic, i.e. if they vanish under $R^qf\_\ast$ for $q> 0$. This implies that $$ R^qf\_\ast I^\bullet \cong f\_\ast \mathcal H^q I^\bullet$$ (where again on the left hand side I mean the hyper-derived functor), and also that 
$$ H^p(X,\mathcal H^q I^\bullet) \cong H^p(X',f\_\ast\mathcal H^q I^\bullet).$$It's not hard to show that there is even an isomorphism between the two spectral sequences. 


But this is a very restrictive condition. What you're asking for is not very natural -- in general there is not even a map between the two spectral sequences. 


