I had asked [this](https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2626310/confusion-in-definition-of-peripheral-spectrum) question on [Mathematics Stack Exchange,](https://math.stackexchange.com/) $2$ days ago but it got no response so I'm asking here.




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If $A$ is a closed operator, then the peripheral spectrum of $A$ is defined to be all those points in the spectrum with modulus equal to the spectral radius. 


However, I came across a [paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1511.09020.pdf) which defines it as
$$\sigma\_\text{per}(A)=\sigma(A)\cap (s(A) + i \mathbb R)$$ where $s(A)$ denotes the spectral bound of $A,$ i.e., $s(A)=\sup\{\text{Re } \lambda:\lambda \in \sigma(A)\}.$


My question is: Are the two definitions equivalent? If not, then what is the reason to define it in this way?



Confusion in definition of peripheral spectrum
These are indeed two different definitions, see the discussion in [One-parameter Semigroups of Positive Operators](https://books.google.nl/books?id=GTh7CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA169). That reference also gives two different names for the two definitions, peripheral spectrum versus boundary spectrum, and shows they are not equivalent. The boundary spectrum contains all eigenvalues with maximal real part, while the peripheral spectrum contains the eigenvalues having maximal absolute value.


In a context where the eigenvalues $\lambda$ give the time dependence $e^{-\lambda t}$ of an amplitude, one is often interested in the decay rate, so one only needs the real part of the eigenvalue and then it makes sense to look at ${\rm Re}\,\lambda$ rather than $|\lambda|$. [Here](https://books.google.nl/books?id=jl97CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10) is another reference that uses the spectral bound definition of the peripheral spectrum.


