**Definition 1:** Let $M$ be a $\mathcal{L}$ - structure and $A\subseteq Dom(M)$. Define:


$Def\_{A}(M):=\{X\subseteq Dom(M)~|~\exists n\in \omega~~\exists \varphi (x,y\_1,...,y\_n)\in \mathcal{L}-Form~~\exists b\_1,...,b\_n \in A;X=\{a\in Dom(M)~|~M\vDash \varphi (a,b\_1,...,b\_n)\}\}$ 


**Definition 2:** Let $\kappa >\lambda\geq \aleph\_{0}$ be two cardinals and $M$ a $\mathcal{L}$ - structure and $A\subseteq Dom(M)$. We say the model $M$ is $(\kappa , \lambda)$ - minimal over $A$ if $~~\forall X\in Def\_{A}(M)~~~~~|X|\geq \kappa~\vee~|X|\leq \lambda$. 


The following result is proved by Rowbottom:



> 
> **Theorem:** If $\kappa$ is a measurable cardinal and $\mu$ a normal measure on it then:
> 
> 
> Every $\mathcal{L}$ - structure $M$ with the following properties:
> 
> 
> **(a)** $\kappa\subseteq Dom(M)$
> 
> 
> **(b)** $|\mathcal{L}|+\aleph\_{0}<\kappa$
> 
> 
> has an elementary substructure like $N$ with following properties:
> 
> 
> **(c)** $\mu(Dom(N)\cap \kappa)=1$
> 
> 
> **(d)** $N$ is a $(\kappa ,|\mathcal{L}|+\aleph\_{0})$ - minimal model over $\emptyset$.
> 
> 
> 


**Question:** Is there any large cardinal $\kappa$ (larger than measurables) such that Rowbottom's theorem be true by extending the parameter set $\emptyset$ in the statement (d) to $Dom(N)$?



$(\kappa,\lambda)$ - Minimal Models & Stronger Version of Rowbottom's Theorem
The answer is no, because there are structures $M$ having subsets that are definable from parameters of arbitrary size up to $\kappa$, and this will include sizes in the forbidden region of the gap between $|\mathcal{L}+\aleph\_0|$ and $\kappa$. 


For example, let $M=\langle\kappa,\lt\rangle$ be the usual order on the cardinal $\kappa$. If $N\prec M$ and has $\text{Dom}(N)\in\mu$, then $N$ must be unbounded in $\kappa$. But in this case, for any cardinal $\delta\leq\kappa$, there will be an initial segment of $N$ of size $\delta$ that is definable from parameters. Since $|\mathcal{L}+\aleph\_0|\lt\kappa$, there will be such cardinals $\delta$ in the forbidden region, and so there can be no such $N$ that is $(\kappa,|\mathcal{L}+\aleph\_0|)$-minimal over $\text{Dom}(N)$. 


