In my research on optimization research, I thought about attempts to bridge gradient descent (deterministic standard) via a dynamical system of sorts, meaning if I look at the iterations of Gradient Descent as the discrete orbit of some dynamical system in the phase space (maybe a Poincare map here...) So I was wondering if someone could possibly tell me if it is possible to use the lense of dynamical systems to characterize steepest descent in such a way that Hamiltonian dynamics and possibly perturbative analysis works? Analysis of the stable and unstable manifolds here? Maybe asymptotic analysis and orbits in the phase space like attractors and the center focus problem? I thank all helpers.



Steepest descent/gradient descent as dynamical system
This topic has long history. Here are some references:


1. Bloch, Anthony M. "Steepest descent, linear programming and Hamiltonian flows." Contemp. Math. AMS 114 (1990): 77-88.
2. Brockett, Roger W. [Dynamical systems that sort lists, diagonalize matrices and solve linear programming problems](https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.1988.194420). Decision and Control, 1988., Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Conference on. IEEE, 1988.
3. Helmke, Uwe, and John B. Moore. [Optimization and Dynamical Systems](http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~john/papers/BOOK/B04.PDF). Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.


Also, there are plenty of physically relevant PDEs which can be seen as implementing gradient descent in some Banach space. For example, see 


4. Ambrosio, Luigi, Nicola Gigli, and Giuseppe Savaré. Gradient flows: in metric spaces and in the space of probability measures. Springer Science & Business Media, 2008.
5. Terry Tao, [The Euler-Arnold equation](https://terrytao.wordpress.com/2010/06/07/the-euler-arnold-equation/), June 2010.


