Given a locally compact group $G$, does there exist a measure $\nu$ on the conjugacy classes $conj(G)$ such that for $f \in C\_c(G)$
$$ \int\_G f(g) d \mu\_G(g) = \int\_{conj(H)} \int\_{G / G\_\gamma} f(g\gamma g^{-1}) d \mu\_\gamma(g) d \nu(\gamma),$$
where $G\_\gamma$ is the centralizer of $\gamma$ in $G$ and $\mu\_\gamma$ is a measure on $G/ G\_\gamma$? Btw., what would be the image of the operator $P : C\_c(G) \rightarrow ?$, where
$$ Pf(\gamma) = \int\_{G / G\_\gamma} f(g\gamma g^{-1}) d \mu\_\gamma(g).$$
Do the conjugacy classes come with a natural topology? What is the relation to irreducible representations?


Paul Garrett has adressed the case of a reductive group, but I am interested in more general groups.


A more general question: Given an action of $G$ on a measurable space $X$, when does there exist a measure $\mu$ such that its translates $\mu\_g$, where $\mu\_g(A) =\mu(g^{-1}A)$, are equivalent measures?


Mark Schwarzmann has adressed this question in the comments stating that for continuous action of amenable groups on compact metrizable spaces, we actually obtain invariant measure, meaning that $\mu(gA)= \mu(A)$. I am asking for less in more general context. Note: That exy=istence (not uniqueness) of quaiinvariant measure is true for transcendental actions (=one orbit) and also when each orbits are dense + "extra condition". 



Measures and structure on conjugacy classes
As in Weyl's treatment of compact Lie groups, Gelfand-Naimark for $GL\_n(\mathbb C)$, Harish-Chandra's treatment of characters of reductive Lie groups $G$: the *regular* semi-simple elements $g$ form a set of full measure in the group, and the centralizer $Z(g)$ of regular semi-simple $g$ includes a maximal torus. For compact $G$, all these centralizers are conjugate, so $G/Z(g)$ is isomorphic as $G$-subspace (with conjugation) of full measure in $G$, and Weyl's character formula and dimension formula fall out. For complex reductive (following Gelfand-Naimark and Harish-Chandra) there's again a single conjugacy class. For real reductive, Hirai and Harish-Chandra had to worry about "patching conditions" for characters at the boundaries/interstices between the finitely-many conjugacy classes. 


(A similar structural thing happens in p-adic reductive groups...)


Edit: in some further detail... with $A$ the diagonal subgroup in $G=U(n)$, for example, and $G'$ the full-measure subset of $G$ consisting of regular semi-simple elements, for a \_conjugation\_invariant\_ function $f$, $\int\_G f = \int\_{G'} f = \int\_{G/A} \int\_A f(gag^{-1}) = \int\_A f(a) (\int\_{G/A}1)$. A similar computation works, for example, in $GL\_n(\mathbb C)$, or whenever there is a single conjugacy class, with the orbital integrals of general $f$ appearing. In Harish-Chandra's formulations of Plancherel in terms of characters, this integration formula is it, indeed. (I don't think it's really about Cartan decomposition or other of the standard decompositions...)


