I have a finite measure space $(X, \mathcal{S}, \mu)$, and a transformation $f:X\rightarrow X$ that "preserves measure on average". That is, for $A \in \mathcal{S}$
$$
\lim\_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{1}{n}\sum\_{k=1}^n \mu(f^k(A)) = \mu(A)
$$
I would like to be able to apply some ergodic or recurrence theorem in this situation, but Poincare Recurrence for example requires that the map $f$ be measure-preserving, which this "measure-preserving on average" mapping does not satisfy.


I am wondering if anyone can say if there are any results concerning such "measure-preserving on average" maps and any related recurrence or ergodic theorems, or if there is some way I can use say an altered Poincare Recurrence to makes claims about this mapping.



Recurrence results for an "on average" measure preserving transformation
The phrase "a finite measure space $(X,\mathcal{S},\mu)$ where $\mu$ is the Lebesgue measure" can only reasonably mean that $\mu$ is a nonzero multiple of the counting measure, with $\mathcal{S}$ being the powerset of $X$. At least, we may assume that, if $A\subsetneq X$, then $\mu(A)<\mu(X)$. Therefore and because the set $X$ is finite,
$$M:=\max\{\mu(A)\colon A\subsetneq X\}<\mu(X).$$
So, if $f(X)\ne X$, then your displayed condition implies
$$\mu(X)\le\lim\_{n\to\infty}\frac1n\,\sum\_{k=1}^n M=M<\mu(X).$$
This contradiction implies that $f(X)=X$. Since the set $X$ is finite, this means that $f$ is a bijection or, in other words, permutation of the set $X$.


On the other hand, if every permutation of $X$ "preserves a measure $\mu$ on average", then it is easy to see that $\mu$ must be a multiple of the counting measure.


In particular, it follows that, if $\mu$ is a nonzero multiple of the counting measure on $X$, then a map $f\colon X\to X$ "preserves the measure $\mu$ on average" iff $f$ is a permutation of the set $X$.


