When these damages are uninsured – and therefore borne by households, businesses or public authorities – this affects financial institutions’ exposure to these parties. The second type of risk, transition risk, is the result of the transition to a carbon-neutral economy. Climate policy, technological developments and changing consumer preferences may cause the value of loans and investments in sectors and companies that emit large quantities of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases to decrease much faster than previously expected. Underestimating this risk could lead to sudden and significant losses in the financial sector. Such a collapse is what is known as a