This target was determined by comparing our 2010 GHG emissions against the 40-year 2°C aligned reduction trajectory to 2050, using the European 66% emission mitigation scenario (2010-50 Representative Concentration Pathway (‘RCP’) 2.6). In 2017, there was no telecommunications industry standard or specific reduction pathway. However, through aligning to the higher European decarbonisation requirement, the 2025 target meant Vodafone would decarbonise at the rate needed to keep global warming at 2°C or below, which equated to a 40% reduction by 2025.