Current carbon footprinting methods don’t do a good job of including emissions produced, or emissions saved, from use of a company’s products by customers. This means that the carbon footprint of a company can misrepresent the company’s positive and negative climate impacts. For example, the footprint of a coal mining company generally doesn’t include the emissions from the burning of its coal by its customers. And the footprint of a company manufacturing wind turbines doesn’t generally include the emissions savings enjoyed by its customers and the planet from generation of zero emissions electricity. We take these limitations of foot-printing into account when we interpret footprint data for individual investments and our broader portfolio.