Background Prior to the Protectorate , LOCATION@1 -LRB- and subsequently LOCATION@2 and LOCATION@3 -RRB- had been ruled directly by ORGANIZATION@1 since it had declared LOCATION@1 to be a ORGANIZATION@2 in NUMBER@1 .

Before the Protectorate , LOCATION@1 -LRB- and then LOCATION@2 and LOCATION@3 -RRB- had been ruled directly by ORGANIZATION@1 since it had declared LOCATION@1 to be a ORGANIZATION@2 in NUMBER@1 .
