In NUMBER@1 Fert discovered the Giant magnetoresistance effect -LRB- GMR -RRB- in multilayers of iron and chromium which is recognized as the birth of spintronics ; ORGANIZATION@1 was simultaneously and independently discovered by PERSON@1 from the ORGANIZATION@2 .

In NUMBER@1 Fert discovered Giant magnetoresistance -LRB- GMR -RRB- in iron and chromium which began spintronics ; ORGANIZATION@1 was also discovered by PERSON@1 from the ORGANIZATION@2 but PERSON@1 did not work with Professor PERSON@2 .
