At the beginning of the 19th century , the MISC@1 possessions in LOCATION@1 began a series of independence movements , which culminated in LOCATION@2 's loss of all of its colonies on the mainland of LOCATION@3 , LOCATION@4 by NUMBER@1 .

At the beginning of the nineteenth century , the MISC@1 possessions in LOCATION@1 began a series of independence movements , which lead to the complete separation from LOCATION@2 by the mid NUMBER@2 's of LOCATION@5 , and the colonies in Central and MISC@2 .
