​​​​The Department of Agriculture and Water Resources accepts certain permanent preservative treatments as biosecurity treatments for use on certain timber products and timber packaging. To find out whether a product requires a treatment for biosecurity purposes, please check the department's Biosecurity Import Conditions system (BICON).
For clarification on the definitions of different types of timber and timber products, please see the timber and wooden articles definitions page.​
For a timber preservative treatment to sufficiently address biosecurity risks and be accepted as a biosecurity treatment by the department, it must meet all of the following requirements:
To be acceptable as a biosecurity treatment, all timber permanent preservative treatments must be applied by either impregnation or glueline treatment methods, depending on the product (as outlined in the table below).
Impregnation treatments must be applied in a pressure chamber at a commercial treatment facility for any timber product thicker than 5mm. Note: Surface spraying or fogging type methods of preservative application are not acceptable for products thicker than 5mm.
For products less than 5mm thick, impregnation may be achieved with or without a pressure chamber, provided the relevant preservative penetration and retention requirements are met.
Glueline treatment is achieved through the addition of specialised timber preservative formulations to the glue that bonds laminated timber products together.
The department does not accept any preservative treatments that have been applied to laminated products post-lamination (e.g. envelope treatment of already laminated plywood or LVL products is not acceptable). For plywood/ LVL production the following conditions must be met:
All timber components of imported permanently preserved plywood and LVL must either have been preservative treated before assembly or bonded together with a glueline containing preservative, or both.
The thickness of individual untreated veneers used to make plywood or LVL using only a glueline treatment must not exceed 2.5 mm. Any veneers thicker than 2.5mm must be impregnation treated prior to lamination.
The thickness of individual permanently preserved veneers used to make plywood and LVL must not exceed 5 mm.
The effectiveness of preservatives applied through impregnation treatments prior to lamination must not be affected by the plywood/LVL manufacturing process.
Preservative penetration zone refers to the depth to which the active ingredient(s) of the preservative has penetrated the timber.
The following penetration zone requirements are adapted from the Australian Timber Preservations Standards AS and AS/NZS 1604 series. Specifications and preservative penetration and retention testing methods are described in the AS/NZS 1605 series (available in full from SAI Global). See also the protocols for assessment of wood preservatives on the Australian Wood Prese​rvation Association website.
For solid timber and unbonded glulam components, full penetration of the cross-section of a piece of timber by the preservative is desirable. When this cannot be achieved, the following minimum preservative penetration must be achieved in at least nine out of ten specimens for the treatment to be accepted by the department as biosecurity treatment.
Termite resistant species (Australian Standard AS 5604 natural durability class 1 or 2) Preservative must penetrate all of the sapwood*. Preservative penetration of the heartwood* is not required.
Non-termite resistant species (Australian Standard AS 5604 natural durability class 3 or 4) Preservative must penetrate all of the sapwood* and at least some of the heartwood*. Some unpenetrated heartwood is acceptable, provided it:
* Sapwood is the outer layer of a tree’s wood (just under the bark), while heartwood is the dead, inner wood. Sapwood is distinguishable from heartwood by its lighter colour.
Note: In some timber species, it is not always possible to achieve the required levels of preservative penetration. Treatments that do not meet these penetration requirements will not be accepted by the department. If the preservative penetration requirements cannot be met, alternative timbers or alternative treatments should be used.
For impregnation treatments of unbonded veneers, full penetration of the cross-section of the timber veneer by the preservative is desirable. All sapwood and non-termite-resistant heartwood (see AS 5604) in any veneer shall show evidence of preservative penetration.
For glueline treatments for plywood or LVL, penetration will be deemed acceptable provided minimum veneer thickness and preservative formulation and retention requirements are met.
To meet biosecurity requirements, timber preservative treatments must also meet minimum retention requirements. These define the quantity (expressed as %mass/mass*) of the preservative which must be retained in the specified penetration zone following treatment. The minimum preservative retention requirements vary depending on the formulation and are specified in the approved formulation tables (see the approved preservative formulations section below).
Specifications and methods for testing preservative retention in the penetration zone are described in the AS/NZS 1605 series (available in full from SAI Global). See also the protocols for assessment of wood preservatives on the Australian Wood Preservation A​ssociation website.
*Note: %mass/mass is a measure of preservative retention that is corrected for the oven dried density of the timber treated. %mass/ mass is the relationship between the amount of preservative retained in the required penetration zone of the timber (measured in kg of preservative retained per cubic metre of timber) and the 'oven dried density' of the timber treated (measured in kg of timber per cubic metre of timber).
The following equation can be used to convert retention (expressed as %mass/ mass) into preservative retention (kg/m³):
The department only accepts preservative formulations with active ingredients (insecticidal and/or fungicidal chemicals) that it has deemed to be adequate for addressing biosecurity risk.
Be listed on the list of accepted treatment formulations for the relevant application and meet the associated specified retention requirements; and/or
Comply with the relevant Australian Standards AS or AS/NZ 1604 specifications for Hazard Class 2 and above (i.e. H2-H6) and meet the associated requirements specified for ‘above the tropic of Capricorn’ or ‘all regions’ (consult published standards or see the Australian Timber Preservation Standards relevant to biosecurity).
Note: The list of acceptable treatment formulations specifies acceptable formulations by chemical class and associated trade names, but does not necessarily include all formulations that conform to biosecurity requirements. The Australian Timber Preservation Standards (AS or AS/NZS 1604 series) specifies chemical class and composition requirements but does not specify trade names within those chemical classes.
To demonstrate compliance with these four requirements, a permanent timber preservative treatment certificate PDF [112 K​B] Word [24 KB]​ must be completed by the treatment provider.
Preservative must penetrate all of the sapwood. Preservative penetration of the heartwood is not required.
Be listed in the ‘preservatives for treating solid timber’ section of the department's Approved Timber Permanent Preservative Formulations list
Preservative must penetrate all of the sapwood and at least some of the heartwood. Some unpenetrated heartwood is acceptable, provided:
It does not extend more than halfway through the piece from one surface to the opposite surface; and
* Alternatively veneers up to 2.5mm thick may be treated using glueline treatment during lamination – see “plywood and laminated veneer lumber” below.
Be listed in the ‘preservatives for glueline treatments of veneer based products’ section of the department's Approved Timber Permanent Preservative Formulations list
​​* Alternatively veneers up to 5mm thick may be treated using impregnation treatment prior to lamination – see “unbonded veneers” above
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