# mfpca.sc: Multilevel functional principal components analysis by... In refund: Regression with Functional Data

## Description

Decomposes functional observations using functional principal components analysis. A mixed model framework is used to estimate scores and obtain variance estimates.

## Usage

  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 mfpca.sc( Y = NULL, id = NULL, visit = NULL, twoway = FALSE, argvals = NULL, nbasis = 10, pve = 0.99, npc = NULL, makePD = FALSE, center = TRUE, cov.est.method = 2, integration = "trapezoidal" ) 

## Arguments

 Y,  The user must supply a matrix of functions on a regular grid id Must be supplied, a vector containing the id information used to identify clusters visit A vector containing information used to identify visits. Defaults to NULL. twoway logical, indicating whether to carry out twoway ANOVA and calculate visit-specific means. Defaults to FALSE. argvals function argument. nbasis number of B-spline basis functions used for estimation of the mean function and bivariate smoothing of the covariance surface. pve proportion of variance explained: used to choose the number of principal components. npc prespecified value for the number of principal components (if given, this overrides pve). makePD logical: should positive definiteness be enforced for the covariance surface estimate? Defaults to FALSE Only FALSE is currently supported. center logical: should an estimated mean function be subtracted from Y? Set to FALSE if you have already demeaned the data using your favorite mean function estimate. cov.est.method covariance estimation method. If set to 1, a one-step method that applies a bivariate smooth to the y(s_1)y(s_2) values. This can be very slow. If set to 2 (the default), a two-step method that obtains a naive covariance estimate which is then smoothed. 2 is currently supported. integration quadrature method for numerical integration; only "trapezoidal" is currently supported.

## Details

This function computes a multilevel FPC decomposition for a set of observed curves, which may be sparsely observed and/or measured with error. A mixed model framework is used to estimate level 1 and level 2 scores.

MFPCA was proposed in Di et al. (2009), with variations for MFPCA with sparse data in Di et al. (2014). mfpca.sc uses penalized splines to smooth the covariance functions, as Described in Di et al. (2009) and Goldsmith et al. (2013).

## Value

An object of class mfpca containing:

 Yhat FPC approximation (projection onto leading components) of Y, estimated curves for all subjects and visits Yhat.subject estimated subject specific curves for all subjects Y the observed data scores n \times npc matrix of estimated FPC scores for level1 and level2. mu estimated mean function (or a vector of zeroes if center==FALSE). efunctions  d \times npc matrix of estimated eigenfunctions of the functional covariance, i.e., the FPC basis functions for levels 1 and 2. evalues estimated eigenvalues of the covariance operator, i.e., variances of FPC scores for levels 1 and 2. npc  number of FPCs: either the supplied npc, or the minimum number of basis functions needed to explain proportion pve of the variance in the observed curves for levels 1 and 2. sigma2 estimated measurement error variance. eta the estimated visit specific shifts from overall mean.

## Author(s)

Julia Wrobel jw3134@cumc.columbia.edu, Jeff Goldsmith jeff.goldsmith@columbia.edu, and Chongzhi Di

## References

Di, C., Crainiceanu, C., Caffo, B., and Punjabi, N. (2009). Multilevel functional principal component analysis. Annals of Applied Statistics, 3, 458–488.

Di, C., Crainiceanu, C., Caffo, B., and Punjabi, N. (2014). Multilevel sparse functional principal component analysis. Stat, 3, 126–143.

Goldsmith, J., Greven, S., and Crainiceanu, C. (2013). Corrected confidence bands for functional data using principal components. Biometrics, 69(1), 41–51.

## Examples

 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8  ## Not run: data(DTI) DTI = subset(DTI, Nscans < 6) ## example where all subjects have 6 or fewer visits id = DTI$ID Y = DTI$cca mfpca.DTI = mfpca.sc(Y=Y, id = id, twoway = TRUE) ## End(Not run) 

### Example output




refund documentation built on July 1, 2021, 9:06 a.m.