# Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection

L.F. Abanto Leon, Arie G.C. Koppelaar, S.M. Heemstra

Onderzoeksoutput: Hoofdstuk in Boek/Rapport/CongresprocedureConferentiebijdrageAcademicpeer review

2 Citaties (Scopus)

### Uittreksel

In Release 14, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced Cellular Vehicle--to--Everything (C-V2X) \textit{mode-4} as a novel disruptive technology to support sidelink vehicular communications in out--of--coverage scenarios. C-V2X \textit{mode-4} has been engineered to operate in a distributed manner, wherein vehicles autonomously monitor the received power across sidelink subchannels before selecting one for utilization. By means of such an strategy, vehicles attempt to $(i)$ discover and $(ii)$ reserve subchannels with low interference that may have the potential to maximize the reception likelihood of their own broadcasted safety messages. However, due to dynamicity of the vehicular environment, the subchannels optimality may fluctuate rapidly over time. As a consequence, vehicles are required to make a new selection every few hundreds of milliseconds. In consonance with 3GPP, the subchannel selection phase relies on the linear average of the perceived power intensities on each of the subchannels during a monitoring window. However, in this paper we propose a nonlinear power averaging phase, where the most up--to--date measurements are assigned higher priority via exponential weighting. We show through simulations that the overall system performance can be leveraged in both urban and freeway scenarios. Furthermore, the linear averaging can be considered as a special case of the exponentially-weighted moving average, ensuring backward compatibility with the standardized method. Finally, the 3GPP \textit{mode-4} scheduling approach is described in detail.
Taal Engels IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 2018-Fall Piscataway Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 5 9781538663585 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754 Gepubliceerd - 12 apr 2019 88th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC-Fall 2018 - Chicago, Verenigde Staten van AmerikaDuur: 27 aug 2018 → 30 aug 2018Congresnummer: 88http://www.ieeevtc.org/vtc2018fall/

### Congres

Congres 88th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC-Fall 2018 VTC2018-Fall Verenigde Staten van Amerika Chicago 27/08/18 → 30/08/18 http://www.ieeevtc.org/vtc2018fall/

Highway systems
Scheduling
Monitoring
Communication

### Citeer dit

Abanto Leon, L. F., Koppelaar, A. G. C., & Heemstra, S. M. (2019). Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection. In IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC 2018-Fall [8690754] Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754
Abanto Leon, L.F. ; Koppelaar, Arie G.C. ; Heemstra, S.M./ Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection. IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC 2018-Fall. Piscataway : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019.
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title = "Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection",
abstract = "In Release 14, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced Cellular Vehicle--to--Everything (C-V2X) \textit{mode-4} as a novel disruptive technology to support sidelink vehicular communications in out--of--coverage scenarios. C-V2X \textit{mode-4} has been engineered to operate in a distributed manner, wherein vehicles autonomously monitor the received power across sidelink subchannels before selecting one for utilization. By means of such an strategy, vehicles attempt to $(i)$ discover and $(ii)$ reserve subchannels with low interference that may have the potential to maximize the reception likelihood of their own broadcasted safety messages. However, due to dynamicity of the vehicular environment, the subchannels optimality may fluctuate rapidly over time. As a consequence, vehicles are required to make a new selection every few hundreds of milliseconds. In consonance with 3GPP, the subchannel selection phase relies on the linear average of the perceived power intensities on each of the subchannels during a monitoring window. However, in this paper we propose a nonlinear power averaging phase, where the most up--to--date measurements are assigned higher priority via exponential weighting. We show through simulations that the overall system performance can be leveraged in both urban and freeway scenarios. Furthermore, the linear averaging can be considered as a special case of the exponentially-weighted moving average, ensuring backward compatibility with the standardized method. Finally, the 3GPP \textit{mode-4} scheduling approach is described in detail.",
keywords = "C-V2X, LTE-V, mode-4, semi-persistent scheduling, sidelink, vehicular communications",
author = "{Abanto Leon}, L.F. and Koppelaar, {Arie G.C.} and S.M. Heemstra",
year = "2019",
month = "4",
day = "12",
doi = "10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754",
language = "English",
booktitle = "IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers",
address = "United States",

}

Abanto Leon, LF, Koppelaar, AGC & Heemstra, SM 2019, Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection. in IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC 2018-Fall., 8690754, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, Chicago, Verenigde Staten van Amerika, 27/08/18. DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754

Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection. / Abanto Leon, L.F.; Koppelaar, Arie G.C.; Heemstra, S.M.

IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC 2018-Fall. Piscataway : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2019. 8690754.

Onderzoeksoutput: Hoofdstuk in Boek/Rapport/CongresprocedureConferentiebijdrageAcademicpeer review

TY - GEN

T1 - Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection

AU - Abanto Leon,L.F.

AU - Koppelaar,Arie G.C.

AU - Heemstra,S.M.

PY - 2019/4/12

Y1 - 2019/4/12

N2 - In Release 14, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced Cellular Vehicle--to--Everything (C-V2X) \textit{mode-4} as a novel disruptive technology to support sidelink vehicular communications in out--of--coverage scenarios. C-V2X \textit{mode-4} has been engineered to operate in a distributed manner, wherein vehicles autonomously monitor the received power across sidelink subchannels before selecting one for utilization. By means of such an strategy, vehicles attempt to $(i)$ discover and $(ii)$ reserve subchannels with low interference that may have the potential to maximize the reception likelihood of their own broadcasted safety messages. However, due to dynamicity of the vehicular environment, the subchannels optimality may fluctuate rapidly over time. As a consequence, vehicles are required to make a new selection every few hundreds of milliseconds. In consonance with 3GPP, the subchannel selection phase relies on the linear average of the perceived power intensities on each of the subchannels during a monitoring window. However, in this paper we propose a nonlinear power averaging phase, where the most up--to--date measurements are assigned higher priority via exponential weighting. We show through simulations that the overall system performance can be leveraged in both urban and freeway scenarios. Furthermore, the linear averaging can be considered as a special case of the exponentially-weighted moving average, ensuring backward compatibility with the standardized method. Finally, the 3GPP \textit{mode-4} scheduling approach is described in detail.

AB - In Release 14, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced Cellular Vehicle--to--Everything (C-V2X) \textit{mode-4} as a novel disruptive technology to support sidelink vehicular communications in out--of--coverage scenarios. C-V2X \textit{mode-4} has been engineered to operate in a distributed manner, wherein vehicles autonomously monitor the received power across sidelink subchannels before selecting one for utilization. By means of such an strategy, vehicles attempt to $(i)$ discover and $(ii)$ reserve subchannels with low interference that may have the potential to maximize the reception likelihood of their own broadcasted safety messages. However, due to dynamicity of the vehicular environment, the subchannels optimality may fluctuate rapidly over time. As a consequence, vehicles are required to make a new selection every few hundreds of milliseconds. In consonance with 3GPP, the subchannel selection phase relies on the linear average of the perceived power intensities on each of the subchannels during a monitoring window. However, in this paper we propose a nonlinear power averaging phase, where the most up--to--date measurements are assigned higher priority via exponential weighting. We show through simulations that the overall system performance can be leveraged in both urban and freeway scenarios. Furthermore, the linear averaging can be considered as a special case of the exponentially-weighted moving average, ensuring backward compatibility with the standardized method. Finally, the 3GPP \textit{mode-4} scheduling approach is described in detail.

KW - C-V2X

KW - LTE-V

KW - mode-4

KW - semi-persistent scheduling

KW - vehicular communications

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064893503&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754

DO - 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754

M3 - Conference contribution

BT - IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

CY - Piscataway

ER -

Abanto Leon LF, Koppelaar AGC, Heemstra SM. Enhanced C-V2X mode-4 subchannel selection. In IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference: VTC 2018-Fall. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. 2019. 8690754. Beschikbaar vanaf, DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2018.8690754