Disease expression and outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) vary among different ethnic groups. There are limited data on the impact of age on disease severity and outcomes among Hispanics. Thus, we determined the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, pharmacologic profile, and functional status among Puerto Ricans with RA of different age groups.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 214 Puerto Rican patients with RA (per American College of Rheumatology classification criteria). Demographic features, health-related behaviors, cumulative RA manifestations, treatment profiles, disease activity (Disease Activity Score 28), comorbid conditions, and functional status (Health Assessment Questionnaire) were determined at study visit. Three age groups were studied: <40, 40-59, and > or =60 years. Data were examined using univariable and multivariable (logistic regression) analyses.
The mean (SD) age of the study population was 56.5 (13.6) years with a mean disease duration (SD) of 10.8 (9.7) years; 180 patients (84.1%) were women. In the multivariable analyses, patients aged > or =60 years were more likely to have joint deformities, extra-articular manifestations, and comorbidities such as dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, vascular events, osteoarthritis, low back pain, and osteoporosis. In addition, older patients used corticosteroids more frequently. No differences were found for the use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs or biologic agents.
Puerto Rican RA patients aged > or =60 years present a severe type of disease having more joint damage, extra-articular manifestations, and comorbidities than younger patients. These disparities must be considered when establishing effective therapy for older RA patients.