Viscosupplementation is widely used for management of knee osteoarthritis. Many formulations of hyaluronic acid (HA) are available, ranging from a single injection to a series of up to 5 injections per treatment.
To compare efficacy between single and multiple HA injection formulations.
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus databases were all searched.
Full-text prospective randomized and nonrandomized controlled human trials, cohort studies, and cost-effectiveness evaluations in the English language comparing different injection regimens of viscosupplementation were included.
Systematic review.
Level 1.
Data were collected using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Four databases were searched by a librarian and the principal investigator, identifying 6196 articles for screening.
Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the studies comparing single- with multiple-injection formulations of HA for treatment of knee osteoarthritis, there was no consistent difference in patient-reported outcomes. Furthermore, 5-injection formulations do not appear to be superior to 3-injection formulations.
There are limited head-to-head trials comparing viscosupplementation formulations that differ based on number of injections, and in particular, there is a paucity of trials evaluating single-injection formulations. Based on the currently available data, there appears to be similar efficacy with the possibility for greater cost-effectiveness and less patient inconvenience with single-injection formulations.