To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT findings in PMR and generate a diagnostic algorithm utilizing a minimum number of musculoskeletal sites.
Steroid-naïve patients with newly diagnosed PMR (2012 EULAR/ACR classification criteria) were prospectively recruited to undergo whole-body 
Thirty-three cases met the inclusion criteria and were matched to 132 controls. Mean age was 68.6 ± 7.4 years for cases compared with 68.2 ± 7.3 for controls, and 54.5% were male. Median CRP was 49 mg/L (32-65) and ESR 41.5 mm/h (24.6-64.4) in the PMR group. The predominant control indication for PET/CT was malignancy (63.6%). Individual musculoskeletal sites proved insufficient for diagnostic purposes. A novel algorithm comprising 
Clinical Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, http://www.anzctr.org.au , ACTRN1261400696695.
The presence of abnormal 