To examine a causal model of health status among older people with knee osteoarthritis.
A cross-sectional, correlational design was used with a convenience sample of 220 older Thai people with knee osteoarthritis (mean age 68.96 years; SD = 6.22). Participants were asked to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, The Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2-Short Form. Structural Equation Model was used to examine a hypothesized model.
Using Chi-square, hypothesized model was statistically nonsignificant. A model of health status fitted with the empirical data and explained 19.2% of variance. Pain catastrophizing had negative direct effect on self-efficacy and health status. Pain catastrophizing also had negative indirect effect on health status through self-efficacy. Self-efficacy and social support had positive direct effects on health status. However, pain-related fear had no direct or indirect effect on health status.
Lower level of pain catastrophizing can improve self-efficacy. Increasing of self-efficacy and social support can then lead to improvement on health status. This study highlighted the effect of psychosocial factors on health status. It is necessary to develop a program to minimize pain catastrophizing, improve social support, and promote self-efficacy to improve the health status of older people with knee osteoarthritis.