To compare levels of a range of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial colony-forming units (CFUs) in control participants and RA patients, in addition to verifying whether levels of EPCs or CFUs are associated with clinical characteristics in RA patients.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 36 RA patients and 30 control participants were analysed by flow cytometry for EPCs defined by the expression of CD34/CD133, CD34/CD117, CD34/CD31, CD34/KDR and CD34/CD133/KDR. Endothelial cell colonies derived from culture of PBMCs were also assessed by CFU assay.
No differences in levels of EPCs were observed in RA patients compared with controls. However, levels of EPCs were negatively associated with prognostic markers of poor disease status, but not cardiovascular (CV)-related risk factors. Furthermore, the majority of EPCs examined were negatively correlated with levels of RF. In contrast, CFU number was significantly reduced in RA patients compared with controls and was negatively associated with CV risk factors only.
These findings indicate that more informative than comparing changes in absolute levels of EPCs, the examination of their relationship with clinical characteristics of RA patients can reveal significant associations, which may provide important clinical insights.