An inflated tourniquet may diminish the natural excursion of the extensor mechanism and alter compartmental loads, affecting the surgeon's ability to accurately assess ligament balance during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In addition, patella position (reduced, lateralized, or everted) has also been known to affect compartmental loads. This study used intraoperative sensing to assess how a combination of tourniquet inflation and patella position may affect medial and lateral compartmental loads during sensor-assisted TKA.
Fifty-six patients (13 men) with a mean age of 66 years (standard deviation, 8.66) and mean BMI of 31 kg/m
Tourniquet inflation did not significantly alter compartmental loads regardless of knee flexion or patella position. Lateral compartment loads significantly increased as the patella moved from the reduced, to the lateralized, to the everted position with the tourniquet inflated or deflated.
Tourniquet inflation did not significantly alter compartmental loads during sensor-assisted TKA. However, irrespective of tourniquet use, a lateralized or everted patellar position significantly increased lateral compartment loads.