Therapeutic advances in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) have improved patient survival, but mortality rates remain higher than the general population. Glucocorticoids contribute to AAV morbidity and mortality. We examined whether an 8-week glucocorticoid course in combination with rituximab (RTX) would induce disease remission in patients with AAV.
Patients with active AAV received an 8-week prednisone taper and RTX 375mg/m
Fourteen of 20 patients (70%) achieved the primary outcome. The patients in our trial achieved the primary outcome at a rate similar to that of controls from the RAVE trial (adjusted OR 1.31 [0.26-6.56]), had fewer median adverse events per patient (2 versus 8, p < 0.001) but were more likely to relapse (30% versus 7%, p = 0.03). Most relapses occurred in patients who had severe vasculitic manifestations at trial entry. Disease damage did not differ between the two trial populations.
An 8-week course of prednisone with RTX resulted in a similar rate of complete remission at 6 months as in the RAVE trial, with fewer adverse events but more frequent relapses. Further study of this protocol is warranted in selected patient populations.