The diagnosis of cardiac involvement in rheumatic disorders is challenging due to its varying clinical presentation. Since clinical consequences range from immediate treatment changes to adverse long-term outcome, individual risk stratification is of great clinical interest. Primary aim was to evaluate the prevalence of cardiac involvement in patients with different rheumatic disorders using late gadolinium enhancement-cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-CMR). In addition, we sought to investigate if different rheumatic disorders would demonstrate different LGE patterns.
Two-hundred-ninety-seven patients with rheumatic disorders were included and underwent LGE-CMR for work-up of cardiac involvement, which was defined by the presence of LGE in the myocardium. Patients were divided into five subgroups: 1) ANCA-associated vasculitis, 2) non-ANCA-associated vasculitis, 3) connective tissue disorders, 4) arthritis, and 5) sarcoidosis.
Mean ejection fraction in the overall population was 65%, with a mean age of 55yrs. Prevalence of cardiac involvement in the five subgroups were as follows: 54% in the ANCA-associated vasculitis group, 22% in the non-ANCA-associated vasculitis group, 14% in the group with connective tissue disorders, 21% in the arthritis group, and 24% in sarcoid patients. Each of the five subgroups demonstrated a distinct pattern of LGE.
Primary aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of cardiac involvement in patients with different rheumatic disorders using LGE-CMR. In addition, we sought to investigate if different rheumatic disorders would reveal different LGE patterns. In our 297 patients, the highest prevalence of cardiac involvement was found in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (54%), whereas the lowest prevalence was demonstrated in patients with connective tissue disorders (14%). Furthermore, different groups of rheumatic disorders demonstrate distinct patterns of LGE.
There is a wide range in the prevalence of cardiac involvement in different rheumatic disorders (54%-14%). Different groups of rheumatic disorders demonstrate different patterns of LGE.