To examine the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Using the IBM MarketScan database, we compared JIA patients with asthma patients and healthy individuals for the risk of incident T1D.
We included patients with 15,210 JIA, 76,050 patients with asthma, and 76,050 healthy individuals matched 1:5 on age, sex, and index date. After adjustment for confounders, the multivariable HR of T1D associated with JIA was 1.48 (95% CI 0.86-2.56) versus asthma and 1.81 (95% CI 1.03-3.17) versus healthy individuals.
JIA appears to be associated with an increased risk of T1D compared to patients with asthma and healthy children.