To evaluate the relevance of anti-adalimumab (anti-ADA) antibodies (Abs) and their relationship with clinical/laboratory features in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).
Fifty-eight patients affected with RA, AS and PsA were prospectively enrolled. Clinical/laboratory characteristics, disease activity, anti-ADA, anti-nuclear (ANA), anti-double strand (ds)DNA, anti-extractable nuclear antigens (anti-ENA) and anti-phospholipid Abs (aPL) were evaluated at baseline, 4, 12 and 24 weeks of adalimumab treatment.
Anti-ADA Abs were observed in 11/58 (19%) patients; they were detected within the 4th week of therapy in 90.9% of the positive subjects. Anti-ADA positivity was associated with significantly lower mean adalimumab serum levels (P<0.05). Treatment failure was observed in 20/58 (34.5%) patients and was significantly associated with anti-ADA Abs (P<0.05). Mean adalimumab serum levels were significantly lower in patients with treatment failure than in the responders one, both in the whole cohort (P<0.01) and in the group of anti-ADA positive patients (P<0.01). Adverse events happened more often in anti-ADA positive then in anti-ADA negative patients (27.3% vs 14.9%).
Anti-ADA abs could be considered an early marker associated to a poor clinical response to adalimumab treatment. Routine ANA/anti-ENA/aPL monitoring did not reveal as useful tools to predict the development of anti-ADA abs.