Increasing numbers of patients are undergoing long-term dialysis therapy. It is crucial for their quality of life to overcome dialysis-related complications, such as dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) and other osteoarticular disorder. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics, such as dialysis-related complications, in chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage 5D patients undergoing dialysis therapy for more than 30 years or more.
From 2003 to 2006, 359 CKD Stage 5D patients who were admitted to a single tertiary-care center. The age and the duration of dialysis therapy, the purpose for hospital admission, and history of osteoarticular disorder, such as carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), destructive spondyloarthropathy (DSA) and joint arthropathy, were studied.
The proportions of the patients undergoing dialysis therapy for 20 - 24, 25 - 29 years and 30 years or more were 8.9, 5.6, and 4.5% of all admitted patients, respectively. DSA was a major cause of hospital admissions in long-term dialysis patients, especially in those treated for 30 years or more. The rate of surgery for osteoarticular disorder, such as CTS, DSA and joint arthropathy, which may show the presence of DRA, was 25.0, 66.0 and 77.8% in 20 - 24 years, 25 - 29 years and 30 years or more after the initiation of dialysis therapy, respectively. The frequency and severity of osteoarticular disorder accelerated with the duration of dialysis therapy, especially in those treated for 30 years or more. The rate of parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism was performed for 37.5% in 22.1 +/- 2.1 years after the initiation of dialysis treatment in the patients treated for 30 years or more. Mean age at the initiation of dialysis therapy was 27.3 +/- 8.0 years, and primary cause of CKD was mainly chronic glomerulonephritis in the patients undergoing dialysis therapy for 30 years or more.
CKD stage 5D patients undergoing dialysis therapy for 30 years or more survive with characteristics of younger age at initiation of dialysis therapy, chronic glomerulonephritis as a primary cause of CKD, and serious complication of osteoarticular disorders.