To study the prevalence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout in Uygur inhabitants in Turfan of Xinjiang.
A random cluster sampling  was conducted, and 3 982 Uygur inhabitants(1 745 males and 2 237 females) aged over 14 years were investigated for prevalence of HUA and gout in  Turfan.
(1) The mean level of serum uric acid (SUA) was (284.33±88.81)μmol/L in normal Uygur males and (201.04±66.30)μmol/L in normal  Uygur females in Turfan. (2) The prevalence of HUA was 3.97%(158/3 982),in which 6.36% (111/1 745) was with males and 2.10%(47/2 237) with  females. The prevalence of gout was 0.025% (1/3 982),one gout patient was male, and the prevalence of gout in males was 0.06% (1/1 745).
The prevalence rates of HUA and gout among the Uygur population in Turfan of Xinjiang were lower than those in other districts in China.